vol. cxlvi, no.

77

Daily
Bears to battle URI in Saturday night game
By EtHan Mccoy SportS editor

the Brown

Friday, September 30, 2011

Herald
Since 1891

Facilities bargains for wage increases

By Jordan HEndricks Senior Staff Writer

After dropping its Ivy League opener to Harvard last Friday in a disappointing, rain-soaked drubbing, the football team will be back at Brown Stadium under the lights Saturday for the Governors Cup. In last years first-ever night game in the stadiums 86-year history, the Bears (1-1, 0-1 Ivy League) topped Harvard (1-1, 1-0) in front of the cheers of 17,350 fans. This year, as the sun sets, the Bears will take on URI (1-2), who

Herald file photo

The Bears played their first home night game ever last September at Brown Stadium in front of 17,350 fans.

took home the cup last year with a 27-24 overtime win. Nobody takes the game lightly, said Head Coach Phil Estes. It isnt about being a non-conference

game. We look at this game as kind of David versus Goliath, Estes continued. Goliath was so much bigger, stronger and faster, and thats a

lot like this Rhode Island team. But David had a plan that day, and he executed it to perfection. continued on page 8

Ne WS IN BRIeF
Chafee 75 will not license pot centers
Gov. Lincoln Chafee 75 P14 announced yesterday afternoon that he will not distribute licenses to medical marijuana compassion centers. Chafee has delayed authorizing these licenses for months, garnering resentment from medical marijuana patients and advocates. The General Assembly passed an amendment in 2009 to allow the cultivation and distribution of medical marijuana to card-carrying patients through state-licensed compassion centers designated as their primary caregivers. In April, after three centers had been selected to receive state licenses, Chafee received a letter from U.S. Attorney Peter Neronha notifying him that such centers violated federal law. I cannot implement a state marijuana cultivation and distribution system, which is illegal under federal law and which will become a target of federal law enforcement efforts, Chafee said in a statement. Federal injunctions, seizures, forfeitures, arrests and prosecutions will only hurt the patients and caregivers that our law was designed to protect. Chafee added that he hopes to work with the General Assembly, advocates and patients to improve the states current system for medical marijuana cultivation and distribution through legislation approved by federal law. Students for Sensible Drug Policy is planning a rally at the State House Saturday afternoon to protest Chafees decision, said Kat Reardon 12.5, former president of SSDP.

CIO still highest paid employee

By nic cavEll Contributing Writer

Cynthia Frost, the Universitys vice president and chief investment officer, netted a total of $1,011,351 in compensation for 2009 the highest amount for any University official. The figure represents an increase of over 13 percent in Frosts annual earnings from the 2008 calendar year, according to the Universitys most recent Form 990 tax filings. In 2009, some top officials, including President Ruth

Simmons, took voluntary pay cuts in response to the 2008 economic downturn. Frost, hired as the Universitys CIO in 2000, bears chief responsibility for investing the Universitys more than $2 billion endowment. She reports to the chair of the investment committee of the Corporation the Universitys highest governing body and Beppie Huidekoper, executive vice president for finance and administration. Frost was acting chief during the financial crisis of 2008, when

the University lost about $800 million, roughly 27 percent, from the endowment. Since then, Frost has presided over the Universitys recovery. Taking the difficult market into consideration, Frosts job is one that not many are qualified to do, Huidekoper said. To keep an employee like Frost, who had years of experience in Duke Universitys finance administration, the University must pay a premium in retention bonuses, continued on page 2

As the Department of Facilities Managements labor contract approaches its Oct. 12 expiration date, negotiations for the next three-year contract are moving forward smoothly. The University and Facilities Management workers made progress yesterday in resolving big ticket issues such as health care costs and wage increases for workers, said Karen McAninch 74, business agent for the United Service and Allied Workers of Rhode Island, a union that represents Facilities Management. Other issues whether workers will staff University buildings off campus and the number of available health providers are still under review. As the University expands its presence in the Jewelry District and beyond, the question of whether Facilities Management employees will staff off-campus properties has increased in importance. Yesterdays meetings focused continued on page 3

RIPTA proposes streetcar service

Line would connect College Hill to Jewelry District
By kat tHornton Senior Staff Writer

H o w N o w, B r o w N Co w ?

As part of ongoing efforts to develop a thriving knowledge district in Providence, the Rhode Island Public

city & state

Transit Authority released a proposal Monday to launch the Core Connector a two-mile stretch of streetcar service that would run through the Jewelry District, downtown and the heart of College Hill, with a stop in front of the Starbucks elizabeth carr on Thayer Street.

The streetcar service was originally the idea of community members involved in Transit 2020, a group that Rep. David Cicilline 83, D-R.I., started when he was mayor of Providence to develop a plan for the citys transit, said Steve Durkee, secretary for the RIPTA board of directors. RIPTA began studying the idea in 2010 when it decided to fully explore the concept of connecting the universities and institutions around the city, Durkee said. It is the type of transit decision that is happening in all great 21st continued on page 2

Lydia Yamaguchi / Herald

Students enjoyed a visit from the Rhody Fresh Cow yesterday at the Farmers Market on Wriston Quadrangle.

weather

news....................2-3 Arts..........................4 science...............5-6 OpiniOns.............11 spOrts..................12

inside

Planet, Earth Black/White d&c

Mercury could provide clues to earths history Shanks 12 asks us to confront differences
Science, 6 OpiniOnS, 11

t o d ay

tomorrow

Department of Athletics gets coal find out why

DiAMOnDS & cOAL, 10

78 / 59

70 / 54

2 Campus news
C ALeNDAR
TODAY 2:30 P.m. Democracy and the Politics of Need, Watson Institute 7 P.m. Your Majesty, the elephant..., T.F. Green Hall 8:30 P.m. Garba Dance Festival, Alumnae Hall SEPTEmbER 30 TOmORROW 6 P.m. Under the Lights: URI vs. Brown, Brown Stadium OCTObER 1

the Brown Daily herald Friday, September 30, 2011

City officials push for streetcar

continued from page 1 century cities, he added, citing the Pearl District in Portland, Ore., as an example of a city sector that flourished after the creation of a streetcar system. Using information from case studies, Providence could expect more than 6,000 new jobs and 1,500 new residents over the next 20 years if the Core Connector is put into place, said Amy Pettine, special projects manager for RIPTA. But RIPTA is in a tough economic situation. Because of budget shortfalls, the organization has been struggling just to keep up with its strategic plan, which calls for an expansion in service, said Charles Odimgbe, RIPTAs executive director. The agency authorized reductions in frequency on 13 routes Tuesday. Though RIPTA saw a 1.5 percent increase in ridership last year, the organization is facing a potential 36 percent cut in federal funding, Odimgbe said. RIPTA also gets funding from the states tax on gasoline, a source of revenue that has been declining. RIPTA announced Wednesday it would be reducing evening services and cutting more than 20 jobs. Its no secret that RIPTAs got a funding crisis for this fiscal year, Pettine said. But the Core Connector is a long-range project, she said, and the city has to think ahead. Even though were in a shortterm problem, transportation is very important for the citys future, she said. Talent these days can move anywhere redeveloping can make your city more attractive. For the Core Connector, Pettine said the proposed budget will rely on the federal government, the state and assessment funds asking local non-residential landowners within a quarter-mile of the streetcars route to pay a percentage of their property values to the streetcar in exchange

MeNU
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DINNER Stuffed Shells Florentine, Beef Cannelloni with Tomato Sauce, Carrots with Lemon and Dill Ginger Chicken Pasta, Vegan Roasted Vegetable Stew, Roasted Fingerling Potatoes

SUDoKU

ProvidenceCoreConnector.com

The route would link College Hill with the Jewelry District via Kennedy Plaza.

CR oSSWoRD

for the promise of rising property values when the streetcar line is established. Legislators must approve the assessment bond proposal before it can be enacted. The University could be asked to pay assessment funds, Pettine said. In RIPTAs proposed funding system, landowners within one-quarter mile would pay 55 cents per $1,000 of their property values, and those located within one-eighth of a mile of the streetcar would pay 95 cents per $1,000 of property values. Dick Spies, executive vice president for planning and senior adviser to the president, who served as vice chair of Transit 2020, said the new streetcar route would be valuable to the entire Providence community, including the University. But theres a lot more discussion that will take place about the specifics of the plan, he said. Points of debate could include the proposed route the streetcar plan does not include the train sta-

tion whether RIPTA will operate streetcars or other less expensive vehicles and the specifics of costs and financing. The current plan is a very expensive system, compared to alternative ways of doing it, Spies said. When their basic funding plan is in jeopardy, then their ability to push into new initiatives is more difficult. Once a system is in place, Spies said it would help the University by providing a timely means of access to the Alpert Medical School and downtown Providence. The University currently runs a shuttle for members of the Brown community that connects College Hill to downtown. The Brown Med/ Downcity Express, which runs weekdays from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m and has many stops in the Jewelry District but just one near downtown, saw increased usage after the new Med School building opened in the Jewelry District in August, said Elizabeth Gentry, assistant vice president for financial and administrative services.

Frosts pay matches market price

continued from page 1 Huidekoper said. Keeping a person of her qualifications is a priority, regardless of the success of the endowment. Its like the basketball coaches you see for big universities, she said. Not everybody wins the Final Four. Frost might not be a star, said Huidekoper, but she hits the targets the investment committee sets for returns on the endowment. The targets are made with the performance of market indexes in mind, and both Frosts base salary and her added compensation are derived based on the endowments performance against those indexes. The Corporation further increases Frosts job security by considering qualitative factors independent of the endowments success, including whether she found highly rated money managers to work beneath her and how effective she was at weeding out underperforming managers. These criteria have been changed during Frosts tenure. A recent shift in the way the Form 990 is reported requires reporting the calendar year salary of top officials, while it had previously only been reported for the fiscal year. This change took effect for the 2008 calendar year salaries. Accordingly, Theres some overlap, Huidekoper said. In regard to Frosts pay increase her base salary increased from $412,882 in 2008 to $430,891 in 2009 Huidekoper said everyone hired to a long term job hopes for a raise. Meanwhile, the threat of losing Frost to another institution is real. People get offers, she said. To keep the best talent, the University must pay the markets price. In comparison, Yales CIO David Swensen received total compensation of $3,875,940 for 2009.

Daily

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Ben Schreckinger, President Sydney Ember, Vice President

The Brown Daily Herald (USPS 067.740) is an independent newspaper serving the Brown University community daily since 1891. It is published Monday through Friday during the academic year, excluding vacations, once during Commencement, once during Orientation and once in July by The Brown Daily Herald, Inc. Single copy free for each member of the community. POSTMASTER please send corrections to P.O. Box 2538, Providence, RI 02906. Periodicals postage paid at Providence, R.I. Subscription prices: $280 one year daily, $140 one semester daily. Copyright 2011 by The Brown Daily Herald, Inc. All rights reserved.

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the Brown Daily herald Friday, September 30, 2011

Campus news 3
All-male Deep Springs college to go co-ed
By BriEllE FriEdMan Staff Writer

City may allow overnight parking

By kylE McnaMara Staff Writer

Deep Springs College, a nontraditional liberal arts college with a 26-member all-male student body, announced Sept. 17 that it would ac-

HigHer ed
cept female students for the first time as early as summer 2013. Founded in 1917, Deep Springs is one of the last remaining all-male institutions of higher education. I think there was just a general sense that it was time, said Charlie Pletcher 12.5, a recent Deep Springs graduate, of the decision to open the college to women. Deep Springs unique educational philosophy emphasizes academics, labor and self-governance with the mission of helping young men prepare themselves for lives of service to humanity. The college, nestled deep in Californias High Desert, is also a working cattle-ranch and alfalfa farm, which the students run while pursuing academic studies. Students attend the college for two years, after which many transfer into four-year undergraduate programs at top universities. Amity Wilczek, chair of the natural sciences at Deep Springs and a former postdoctoral research associate at Brown, echoed Pletchers sentiments. Its something that has been thought about here for quite a long time, she said. The college is constantly reevaluating certain parts of its mission and education. Pletcher said the all-male student body is not the defining characteristic of Deep Springs unique experience, and he does not think women will change the fundamental culture of the college. The schools atypical educational structure

City officials met last night to review a proposal to overturn Providences long-standing overnight parking ban, currently in effect between the hours of 2 a.m. and 5 a.m. Officials plan to vote on the issue in upcoming months.

city & state

The proposed plan would allow residents to purchase year-long permits for $100 and mandate a maximum of two permits per household. It could also lessen the number of parking tickets issued. According to the proposal, 24 percent of those who received tickets were repeat offenders. The overnight parking ban would still be in effect on bigger streets. Residential streets would qualify for exemption from the program if 75 percent of the streets residents with stateregistered vehicles signed a petition, according to a presentation at last nights meeting. Overnight parking would also be denied to residents in dorms and apartment buildings with more than six units. Few records exist pertaining to the reason for the nearly centuryold ban, said Yvonne Graf, manager of policy and research for the Providence City Council. But some civil service organizations, such as the fire department, are

Alexandra Urban / Herald

A proposal to lift Providences overnight parking ban would also allow residents to purchase year-long parking permits at $100 each.

proponents of the ban because it keeps roads navigable during nighttime emergencies, she said. Many students have encountered problems as a result of the ban. Im planning on having my friend stay overnight, and I am not sure yet what we will do with her car, said Allison Schaaff 14. Julia Harvey 14 discovered a way to occasionally work around the program while parking on campus during the summer. Before parking her car overnight, she called the Providence Police Department to ask permission.

Though the police were compliant the first time, the second time she called, they told her it would be up to their discretion whether or not to ticket her, she said. She chose not to take that risk. Harvey, who works for the Department of Alumni Relations, added that the ban is not just an issue for students. Alumni have nowhere to park during events, she said, adding that many of them are forced to park in University lots, which requires them to wake up at 8 a.m. to move their cars.

Negotiations open on Facilities contract

continued from page 1 on a potential 3 percent increase in health care premiums and a wage increase ranging from 1.75 to 4 percent per year for the contracts duration. In the initial stages of negotiations, the University proposed an immediate increase in employee health care contributions from 10 to 13 percent of the premium and a wage increase of 1.75 percent per year. The union counter-proposed that health care costs not increase from their current rate and that wages increase 4 percent per year. Yesterday, the University revised its proposal to a gradual health care premium increase of 1 percent per year until 2014, when the contract will expire again. McAninch said that health care costs increased at the last contract negotiation in 2006, but generous wage increases offset those costs. We took a pretty big hit last time, she said. Wed just like to stay at 10 percent and have our wage increases be fair and modest on top of that. B ecaus e the University switched to self-insurance in 2008, health care costs are not fixed by insurance providers, Karen Davis, vice president for human resources, told The Herald Sept. 19. Instead, the University hires consultants to analyze the employee population and estimate costs for the year, she said. To calculate the cost for an individual employee, the University divides its estimated costs by the number of employees covered and multiplies this result by a percentage that varies by income and position at the University, McAninch said. For non-union staff members and faculty, this percentage varies on a sliding scaled based on income. For unionized staff members, the percentage is fixed by contract. Currently, workers pay 10 percent of their calculated individual cost to the University. The Facilities Management workers contract is the last University labor contract that guarantees a choice of health care provider. If the new contract does not include such a guarantee, the University could limit all staff to a single health care provider. Doing so could reduce the Universitys overall health care costs, by allowing it to obtain a bulk discount. Negotiations will continue next week and are scheduled to be finalized by the contracts expiration date.

students hold many administrative roles and relative isolation will continue to foster the same type of community support, he said. All of our emotional and intellectual and social support essentially comes from 25 other guys, and that becomes really important to the experience, he said. The applications committee really spends a long time trying to put together a student body that is diverse and that works together well as a community. Were hoping female applications will allow us more diversity, Wilczek said. Going co-ed has the potential to strengthen the college even more. Tyler Bourgoise 15, a Deep Springs alum who transferred to Brown this fall, also said he thinks the decision to accept female applications will enhance the overall quality of the college. But he said he feels the culture of the college will change. I think there are sides of my peers and of myself that I got to see that I wouldnt have if there were women there, he said. Not because women would have canceled it, but because the males themselves would have been more apprehensive. But Bourgoise said he thinks the experience of going to Deep Springs will still be unique. Your first year in college is its own kind of weird, Pletcher said. (Deep Springs) is weird in its own way. You wake up at 4 a.m. and milk cows. But Im sure there are also weird things about living in Keeney. Its just a different kind of weird. The time frame for matriculating female students is still not entirely clear, Wilczek said. The college may begin accepting female applications as early as next year, but she said an official decision will likely be reached by the upcoming summer.

4 Arts & Culture

Compelling play at PW tells Middle East tale
By carolinE Flanagan artS & Culture Staff Writer

the Brown Daily herald Friday, September 30, 2011

Your Majesty, the Elephant, Production Workshops adaptation of Syrian playwright Saadallah Wannous political drama opens tonight. Directed by Zach Rufa 14, this version features a script recently translated from Arabic by Andrew Leber 12. The play was written in 1969, a time of upheaval and transition in the Middle East. It follows the predicament of the downtrodden people of an ambiguous Middle Eastern city whose ruler dotes over his pet elephant, allowing it to go wherever it wants. It tramples stalls, damages produce and causes chaos wherever it rampages. But after the rogue elephant kills a child, the townspeople finally decide to take the issue up with the king the play focuses on their plight. This is the first Arabic play to be staged at PW and one of the few attempts to explore Middle Eastern theater at Brown, Leber said. Leber approached Rufa with the project at the beginning of the summer and then translated the work over the course of a month. When rehearsals started in the fall, he worked as stage manager and was on hand to help actors with pronunciation and make changes to the translation, depending on the input of the cast and crew, Leber said. Wannous originally wrote the play in very formal, archaic language, said Leber, but wanted to be sure the play was always accessible to audiences no matter where it was produced. Leber kept

this in mind when he translated it and made the language more colloquial and comprehensible for a modern American audience. I have an original translation, Rufa said, but it was not nearly as strong as the script were working with. Rufa also said that Wannous was concerned with keeping the audience engaged to capture the feel of the original stagings, the PW actors interact with the audience, treating them as fellow villagers in some scenes or intimidating them as guards when they are navigating the palace. Its very meta-theatrical, Rufa said. The whole room is the stage. The actors slip seamlessly from the stage into the audience because weve really tried to explore the complicit nature of the audience and what it means to be a bystander. The set was very minimalist. Audience members were seated on benches and faced the small stage, which was empty save for two boxes, a screen and the actors. Rufa said he chose such a simple set because it allows the actors to switch locations easily and creates a sense of ambiguity. The play was originally written for 20 to 30 actors, while this production only has 10, Rufa said. Though Rufa cut the cast, the actors still managed to portray a convincing mob. They worked together as a cohesive unit, accurately expressing the confusion and fear of a group of citizens oppressed by a tyrannical ruler. The first scene was particularly tense as the citizens worriedly discussed what to do about the

Alexandra Urban / Herald

Saadallah Wannous Your Majesty, the elephant explores repression and revolution in the Middle east.

horrific death of the child. The townspeople cried and talked over each other and the entire scene was punctuated by the wails of the dead childs mother (Korama Danquah 13) offstage. Nicholas Morley 13 was particularly powerful as the passionate, frustrated Zakariyya the only named character in the play who tries to unify the frightened townspeople and finally bring the issue of the destructive elephant before the king. The costumes were as simple as the set. A few of the women wore head scarves, but in general the actors wore modern, everyday clothing. With regard to the setting of the play, Leber said that it was

written to take place in a Middle Eastern town between the 16th and 18th centuries, but that the time and place are made ambiguous because of anachronisms. Its a setting we can all recognize but cant exactly place, he said. The score of the play also reflects its undefined time setting. Alex Yuly 12, a former Herald graphics editor, composed a score that consists of modern interpretations of classic Middle Eastern folk music. The play contains elements that are universal today, Rufa said. Tragedy rings true no matter when or where it takes place. Its almost dreamlike that the actors can inhabit this ambiguity

and take on these different places and times. Rufa and Leber both agreed that the play was particularly compelling and timely because of the current upheaval in the Middle East, and its depiction of ordinary peoples reactions to tragedy and hardship. The play is quite short, but it is still effective. The ending is particularly impressive when the actors step out of character and deliver an eerily prophetic speech in unison. Your Majesty, the Elephant is simple, but moving in its timely telling of an age-old tale.

Wise words echo in List stairways varied artwork

By suzannaH WEiss artS & Culture ColumniSt

Last weeks column on graffiti seemed incomplete without a mention of the List Art Center stairwell. While peering at the paintings, inscriptions and 3D installations, I am mistaken for a tourist in need of directions. The truth is, I am looking for direction but not geographically speaking. Im in search of wisdom. Anonymous Brunonians, past and present, have turned the climb up the five-story building into an intellectual journey. These students are not catering to the department or trying to get their art exhibited. Instead they convey what they feel but might not want to say publicly or theyre just having some fun messing around with spray paint. For whatever reason, the top two floors have become designated repositories for our inner high schoolers, replete with emo poetry, sexual drawings and quasiphilosophical musings like Does this count as art? There are also rainbow human figures plastered on the wall be-

tween the fourth and fifth floors beside the creepiest animal ever a foxs head, detached from its body, yet still smiling wickedly down at visitors. The opposite corner is an impressive aviary where red and yellow feathers seem to flutter around a paper bookshelf. Walk down to the fourth floor and, if your eyes do not get stuck in the maze on the wall, youll find yourself on the road to ruin an inscription placed between haphazard globs of clay and an enchanting landscape where an octopus sun graces a purple night sky. The journey from the fourth to third floors features a fire-breathing dragon, an intricate bricolage and a trunk-to-tail line of red elephants. Youll also pass an imitation of the Rhode Island School of Design logo that instead says Brown in the middle and we are artsy too around the periphery. This could be interpreted as a juvenile rivalry, as the buildings back door reads RISD roolz! As you travel downward, the words get deeper in meaning. To puzzle over the past and countless possible futures is to coax the pres-

Suzannah Weiss / Herald

The List Art Center stairwell has been decorated with various forms of art.

ent into early extinction, wrote a third floor visitor. On a lighter note, a rudimentary sea creature advises the viewer, Embrace your inner fish. Down from there, grey area is appropriately written in gray paint, above a pipe captioned this is a pipe confirming that you

cannot get a bunch of art students together without one of them referencing Magritte. After passing a cartoon closet and a rainbow-showered wall with pictures of eyes staring back at you amid the bleeding colors, you are at the ground floor. The first image that greets you is a feebly painted-

over visual obscenity. Consider yourself warned. The basement stairwell, which fewer traverse, evokes an overwhelming feeling of claustrophobia. The red shades, including a fierce Rocky Horror-like mouth, scream into the hallway. Humorous messages like I plan to live forever. So far, so good and Shhh! Bunny is sleeping! next to a drawing of a rabbit, provide calming interludes. But the basement door makes the most profound statement: When will we realize that love is the only thing that matters or is real. Stop letting your ego run the show. We can be free! Then it hits me: My discomfort came from the egos oozing from the walls. The stairwell may accept all contributions, but there is a competition of sorts. It is a site of rebellion, a loud screw you to art school, hipsters, bureaucracy and other elusive targets of college students frustration that cannot be directly addressed. Once I got down to the bottom of it all literally I found the guidance I was looking for at loftier heights.

the Brown Daily herald Friday, September 30, 2011

Science 5

Species displaced by climate change face unexpected obstacles

By MargarEt nickEns Contributing Writer

As climate change affects many animals habitats, conservationists, environmentalists and scientists are becoming increasingly concerned about their ability to survive environmental disruptions. In a yearlong study that began in early 2009, Dov Sax, assistant professor of biology, found unexpected obstacles to the migration paths 15 amphibian species are likely to take as climate change worsens. Sax conducted the research with Regan Early, now a postdoctoral fellow at the University of Evora in Portugal. Their article, Analysis of climate paths reveals potential limitations on species range shifts, states that climate change will force many species to seek out new homes as their original environments become increasingly unsuitable to their survival. To study these organisms ability to make the transition, Sax and Early constructed a climate path for each species of amphibians. This projected migrational route predicts where each amphibian would travel over the next few decades and when it would inhabit a particular area. Sax and Early constructed these climate paths using a variety of models, including climate models that predict how an environment is going to change over time and climate niche models, which examine the current habitats of a species to determine the set of conditions it can tolerate, Sax said. Originally, Sax and Early expected to find that cities and large areas of human impact on the landscape would stop species from shifting their ranges, but during their initial research, they began looking more closely at natural gaps as a major obstruction to these climate paths, Early said. These gaps are areas of climatic instability that a species is projected to travel through. Once we discovered this effect, we realized that it was so important because it was so fun-

damental and would be affecting species all over the world. We decided to stop studying the effects of cities and human impact on the landscape and focus on this much more fundamental question, Early said. Instead of getting steadily warmer, climate might get a few degrees warmer and then one degree cooler. Because it is always getting warmer and cooler, species will move into the areas when it gets warmer, but then they will disappear from that area when it gets cooler again. So its like taking two steps forward but one step back, Early said. Sax and Early also found that both a species persistence and its dispersal-ability positively correlated with its capacity to migrate successfully down its climate path. According to the article, persistence is a species capacity to withstand short-term unfavorable climate conditions. Dispersal-ability is the distance an organism can travel from its niche. This is the first time that the importance of persistence under short-term unfavorable climate conditions has been quantified, according to the article. Due to the lack of existing information in this area, more research must be done to understand various species persistence-levels, Sax said. Sax and Early both said they consider their research a precursor to possible future areas of study related to climatic gaps, persistence and dispersal abilities. We have the technology now to be able to map the climate paths that species will move along from where they live now to where they can live in the future. So were suggesting that people should do this a lot more widely and start to become much more aware of the actual processes that will help species move or not, Early said. The study also has many implications for animal conservationists. Currently, habitat corridors which are set up to ensure that the land between two different niches is traversable for migrating species are among the most common methods of helping animals move from one environment to another.

Courtesy of Chris Brown, U.S. Geological Survey

Assistant Professor of Biology Dov Saxs research revealed obstacles to the migration pattens of 15 amphibian species.

But Sax said he believes climate gaps will reduce the effectiveness of habitat corridors. I think what our work shows is that (habitat corridors) wont work well for as many species as was originally thought. So its not going to be as powerful as a strategy as people had hoped, Sax said. One alternative that Sax and Early considered is the heavily debated managed relocation op-

tion, where humans transport species from one location to another. There is concern that managed relocation may contribute to the growth of invasive species, Early said. Despite this, Sax said he sees it as a viable option for the future. If we want to have populations that live in the wild, then (managed relocation) is going to be our only option for some species, Sax said.

Currently, Sax is leading a working group of roughly 35 lawyers, politicians, activists and researchers who are examining the scientific, ethical, economic and legal issues related to managed relocation. He said he expects to finish his work with the group within a year, possibly producing results that will help the general public come to a greater consensus on the topic.

6 Science
Developed countries get poor marks on aid report
By adaM tooBin Contributing Writer

the Brown Daily herald Friday, September 30, 2011

Of the $30 billion promised to developing nations by developed nations to combat climate change at the 2009 United Nations Climate Change Conference in Copenhagen, only $7 billion has definitely been given, according to research compiled for a September report on countries transparency levels in committing the funds. Developed nations have reported the $7 billion, but theres no way to assess how much money they have actually given, said David Ciplet GS, who co-authored the report with Timmons Roberts, director of the Center for Environmental Studies and professor of environmental studies and sociology. A more transparent system would allow developed countries to see that others are also meeting their promises, reassure tax-payers that governments are not wasting money and allow researchers to measure what effect, if any, these efforts have on combating climate change. According to the Copenhagen Accord, developed nations have until 2012 to fulfill their commitment to developing nations. Looking back at past international aid agreements, theres a history of these broken promises, Roberts said. The authors of the report graded

each country based on the information they provided regarding their programs and the results are grim. The highest overall score was Norways 52 percent transparency, the United States tied for fifth with Switzerland at 32 percent, and New Zealand performed the worst with 26 percent. The grading system set the bar pretty high, Roberts said, because the authors want developed nations to do a lot better. By 2020, the UN hopes that developed countries will be contributing $100 billion per year to developing nations. Without more oversight and transparency, that goal will be increasingly difficult to achieve, Ciplet said. A major problem with the lack of transparency, Roberts said, is that developed countries are taking money from other international aid commitments and diverting it into this program. Diverted money does not count as new, and therefore by the standards of the Copenhagen Accord cannot be considered part of the pledged $30 billion. Most countries did not report a mechanism for distinguishing between new and diverted funding, according to the report.

Courtesy of Brown Media Relations

Volcanic plains cover 6 percent of Mercurys surface, the same surface area as 60 percent of the continental U.S.

Mercurys plains reveal volcanic past

By nataliE villacorta Senior Staff Writer

New research on the solar systems smallest and innermost planet could help scientists understand Earths history. Six percent of Mercury the equivalent of 60 percent of the continental U.S. is covered with volcanic plains, providing evidence of how the planet and possibly others were formed. Thats big news, said Jim Head, professor of geological sciences and lead author of the study, published today in the journal Science.

The team looked at images taken by the MESSENGER spacecraft, which has orbited Mercury since March. Jennifer Whitten GS compiled an image of the planets north pole piece by piece using the images. Nobody has seen Mercury at these resolutions before, said David Hollibaugh Baker GS, who contributed to the research. Since the first pictures of Mercury were taken in 1974, scientists have known that this area of the planet is covered in smooth plains, but the origins of the plains remained uncertain. Then from 2008 to 2009, the first MESSENGER flybys confirmed that the plains were produced by volcanic activity. Still, the extent and source of the volcanism was in question. Two ideas were proposed. The first suggested the plains were produced like the islands of Hawaii by scattered bursts of volcanic activity. The other proposed a massive eruption, producing huge flows of lava like those created by the 1980 eruption of Mount St. Helens in Washington. The MESSENGER images revealed that the concentration of craters formed by debris impact is much lower on the plains compared to the rest of the planet. This observation pointed to the second hypothesis great lava flows filled in the craters, leaving just a rocky outline a ghost crater, according to the study. Some of these craters were more

than a kilometer deep, meaning there was an enormous volume of lava. Head calculated that the same amount would cover Rhode Island in a layer 11,000 kilometers deep. The volume of lava was so great that it also covered the fissures from which it poured, which is why there are few volcanic features visible on the plains. Its just like when a bathtub is full, Head said. In principle, you cant see the drain. This tells us that there was some very dramatic interior forces that were melting huge parts of the subsurface of Mercury and were possibly even expanding the planet slightly, Head said. This tells scientists about the formative years of the planets, he said. Scientists need to know the Earths history to understand its current state. But because of erosion and plate tectonics, the first half of the Earths geological history has melted away. Its like having an encyclopedia or a set of history books, and on the Earth the first 10 out of 20 are missing, Head said. But on Mercury, this history is still present. Thats why Mercury is so important, he said. But there are still gaps in Mercurys history that must be filled before Earths history can be understood. The researchers are now investigating the composition and mineralogy of the plains and trying to determine what could have caused such intense volcanic activity.

8 Sports Friday
Bears, URI to fight under lights
continued from page 1 The game is a state championship of sorts, as Brown and URI are the Ocean States two premier football programs. At the State House Tuesday, a ceremonial press conference signified the importance of the game. Estes, Rams Head Coach Joe Trainer and Gov. Lincoln Chafee 75 P14 all took to the podium. Chafee spoke about the history of the matchup between the two teams and joked about how, as both a Brown alum and the governor, his allegiances will be tested. When Estes took to the podium, he was quick to remind the governor of the motto ever true to Brown, drawing laughter from the crowd. The sides have faced off 95 times, and while Brown enjoys a 67-26-2 all-time record in the matchup, recent contests have been hard-fought. When Brown and URI play, they come to play, Estes said. Its not about records in the past its all about the present. We have two very good football teams that are wellcoached and have good game plans. The game is one that Bears punter and East Providence native Nate Lovett 12 always looks forward to. URI is probably the most popular school out of East Providence High, where I went, so its always a big game for bragging rights between me and my friends, Lovett said. Estes said he hopes the night game will set a precedent for the future of the rivalry. I hope that this will be the tradition, having the lights down at each stadium, he said. Were anticipating an overflow in Providence this Saturday. This game will also mark the home opener for the Bears 2011 campaign. Were going to have a lot of the student body and a lot of the surrounding community come out and support us, and itll be a great way to come home, Lovett said. Its just what we need right now. Bruno is hungry to bounce back after a forgettable night at Harvard Stadium. The Bears played evenly with Harvard across the board, but five turnovers, along with untimely penalties and miscues in key situations, proved the difference in the game. The Bears have turned the ball over seven times in two games. Its something I think weve gotten away from, said co-captain quarterback Kyle Newhall-Caballero 11.5. We were more focused on the game plan and execution, and forgot about the fundamentals and making sure we take care of the ball, especially when we get down into the other teams red zone. When we have a chance to score, we cant squander those opportunities. One positive from last weeks game was the effectiveness of running back Mark Kachmer 13, who had 98 yards rushing. The offense is still searching for an effective balance between the rushing and passing games. If you cant run the ball, its a lot easier for a defense to figure out how to defend you, Newhall-Caballero said. Once we get the run game going, it opens up a lot of things in the pass game, and well be able to do a lot more offensively. Newhall-Caballero will also look to re-establish his connection with wide receiver Alex Tounkara-Kone 11.5. Tounkara-Kone came blazing out of the gates against Stony Brook with a 149-yard, two-touchdown day, but was kept in check against the Crimson. Alex and I are both very proud people, Newhall-Caballero said. Whenever we cant contribute to the offense, its a shot in the gut. We watched film together on last week and figured out what we have to do to get better. All it takes is one play, one spark, to get back in rhythm, so we just have to keep grinding and persevere when things get tough. URI boasts a potent rushing attack led by senior Anthony Baskerville, who is also a threat in the passing game. Last week in the Rams first win of the season against Fordham University, Baskerville, Deontray Johnson and Travis Hurd each rushed for over 100 yards. The two teams look to be evenly matched, and with the extra incentive of being able to hoist the Governors Cup at the final whistle, Brown Stadiums second-ever night game has the potential to be one for the history books. Kickoff is set for 6 p.m.

the Brown Daily herald Friday, September 30, 2011

Sam Rubinroit / Herald

Forward Sean Rosa 12.5 said the Bears came out flat in the second half versus BC.

m. SOCCER

Streak broken as Eagles soar past Bears

By saM ruBinroit aSSiStant SportS editor

The mens soccer team split two games against New England opponents at home, defeating Boston University 2-0 Friday before falling to No. 13 Boston College 2-0 Tuesday. With a devastating 5-1 loss to No. 21 Kentucky fresh in their minds, the Bears (5-3-0) looked to redeem themselves against the Terriers (2-5-0). Bruno pulled ahead late in the first half as Alex Markes 15 headed in his first career goal off a free kick from Austin Mandel 12. Sean Rosa 12.5 clinched the victory for the Bears with just over two minutes remaining in the game, scoring his third goal of the year to put Bruno up 2-0. The win marked the Bears fourth shutout of the season. With the goalkeeper position still in contention, Sam KernanSchloss 13 made his third start of the season and improved his record to 2-1. When 13th-ranked Boston College (7-2-0) came to town, the Bears knew they had a game on their hands. BC is pretty good, said Head Coach Patrick Laughlin. The only teams that have beaten them are UConn and Maryland , and thats No. 1 and No. 2. Theyre the best team weve run into so far. The Bears appeared to match the Eagles level of play at the
Boston college 2, Brown 0 Brown 2, Boston university 0

start, and the teams ended the scoreless half with five shots apiece. But in the second half, the Eagles flew past the Bears, scoring one goal in the 58th minute and another at the 76:19 mark to put the game out of reach. In the first half, it was a close contest, Rosa said. We got our chances, and we went into the locker room knowing we could have been up 1-0. In the second half, we came out a bit flat, and they beat us on two balls over the top, which is disappointing because we never get beat like that. The loss to BC snapped Brunos 17-game undefeated streak at home. But the Bears will try to put the loss behind them when they travel to Columbia Saturday to open Ivy League play. In both 2009 and 2010, Bruno entered conference play without a loss. The Ivy League is important for us, Rosa said. This team has always gone into Ivy League undefeated, so now we know what it feels like. But Laughlin said he is confident that the Bears non-conference schedule, which featured match-ups against South Carolina, Kentucky and BC, has helped prepare the team for what is to come. Ivy League is here now, but weve played a lot of challenging teams out of conference, he said. In league, every game means so much, and the margins are so small. We have to make sure we really bring it Saturday at Columbia, because if we dont come on the right level, were going to be on the wrong side of the score.

the Brown Daily herald Friday, September 30, 2011

Sports Friday 9
and in fairness, thats probably exactly what I and all of my fellow Boston sports fans deserve at this juncture. Ill be up-front: We think the sports world revolves around us. If I were from another city, I would absolutely hate us, too. But just know that as overbearing, obnoxious, unprofessional, loathsome, cocky, arrogant and undeserving as you may find us, well still be wearing the same colors next year. Even if we go 0-162. Because thats what sports mean in Boston. So keep that faith, Seattle. Rock on, Minnesota. Stay fly, Cleveland. Get it done, Tampa. Stick by your teams and never give up. Someday, hopefully, everyone will hate you as much as they hate us. Sam Sheehan 12 begs you to be indifferent toward us. except you, Yankees, Lakers, Steelers, Jets and Canadiens fans. You all still suck. Tell him what a cry-baby he is at sam_sheehan@brown.edu or follow his whining on Twitter @SamSheehan.

Sheehan: in defense of New England sports

continued from page 12 school Red Sox fan like the others at the bar. Sure, the Sox would mess up sometimes and, yeah, that 2008 ALCS sure would have been nice to win. But we kind of deserved it. Going 7-20 in September? Thats not a playoff team we quit. Then I went home and against my better judgment went on Facebook to discover a fairly universal celebration of the Sox demise. Indians fans, Cubs fans, Mets fans, Padres fans, even a person from Buffalo who claims not to like baseball. They were all thrilled, not with the fantastic finish the Rays threw on, but with the woeful collapse of the Red Sox. Joy, pure unbridled joy, was all over my feed. Now, Im of the opinion that its way worse to have a good team lose in a horrible, dramatic way then to have a team be bad for many years. In cities like Cleveland, Seattle, Minneapolis and Kansas City, the fans receive quite a bit of support in general from the sports world for sticking it out through the tough times. The sports world will always side with the underdogs. We saw it in this years Mavs-Heat finals. We saw it in the 2009 Superbowl with the New Orleans Saints. We saw it in Boston as recently as 2004 with the Red Sox. But the times, they are achanging. Despite having a smaller population than San Antonio, Jacksonville, Columbus and Charlotte, Boston is considered a large sports market. Some of this can be put on having a monopoly on New England, but Maine and Vermont combined have fewer people living in them than Brooklyn. At a certain point, it has to be at least partially conceded that people in Boston simply care more about their sports. Credit it to long winters and the citys identity as a distinctly blue-collar town for the past 100 years, but the children of Boston, more often than not, are taught to care about at least one of their teams. Our generation of Boston sports fans is loathed and despised for how spoiled we have become with our championships. We are caught in a no-mans land, caught on the fence that divides universal hatred from caring enough to cry when your team is dealt a brutal loss. When you are from New England, you know what the Sox mean to folks. Everyone knows a real, grizzled vet of a Sox fan who sat through Dent, Bucker, Boone and everything else in order to see the championship, and there was respect in that. These men loved their teams and deserved to be happy when they won. Here we are, the children of a generation that won too much, unable to earn the respect of being real fans in the eyes of our peers, no matter how many 2007 Superbowls or 2003 and 2008 ALCSs or 2010 Finals game seven losses or 3-0 Stanley Cup playoffs, blown leads or epic season-ending collapses, our generation is the generation of fair-weather fans that are to be loathed. We are the Yankees of every sport now the Evil Empire everyone roots against. Im assuming that the main reaction to these points will be something like aww, poor baby,

Goalkeepers ready for Ivy battle

continued from page 12 the most challenging part? Bledsoe: I love how everything depends on you, and youre the anchor of the defense and the one that ultimately has to make the saves and stop the shots. Barrett: The pressure is really fun. It can be tough at times, but its totally worth it. Are there going to be any especially competitive games for Brown this year? Both: Every Ivy. Barrett: Its an Ivy battle. Every games a championship you have to play to the last second. Were on a mission, and we wanna win them all. What role do you think Mallory Yant 15, the freshman goalkeeper, is going to play on the team? Barrett: Well, we increased our goalkeeping team, and right now its a very competitive training environment with the three of us. (Its) just more competition, more people to learn from and work with. And shes coming along well as a freshman, and itll be interesting to see how it keeps going. do you have any pregame rituals? Bledsoe: I always put my right glove on and then my left. Barrett: And I always put all my left stuff on before my right. Bledsoe: Are you serious? Barrett: Yeah. And do either of you have aspirations of playing after college? Barrett: In an ideal world, itd be great, but realistically, whatever happens, happens. I love soccer, and hopefully it will go as long as it can. Bledsoe: Im going to enjoy my four years here and make the best of it.

CoMICS
Cabernet Voltaire | Abe Pressman

W. soccer shuts out URI Wednesday

continued from page 12 keeper to score her first goal of the season and the eventual gamewinner. Both teams had two more attempts to score before the games end, but the Bears defense could not be unlocked. Bruno came away with the shutout win as the final whistle blew. Our defensive unit is really strong because we are very cohesive and have good communication, Ohrt said. I, in particular, keep things organized, which is a big key, and our shape and organization is a big part of our success. The Bears face their second Ivy League opponent of the season Saturday at Columbia (3-5-0, 1-00). The team looks to continue its win streak to stay undefeated in league play. We know theyre a really strong and physical team, and they like to play long, Wingrove said. I think were confident. If we can finish our chances, well hopefully pull through with the win.

Fraternity of Evil | eshan Mitra, Brendan Hainline and Hector Ramirez

The Unicomic | eva Chen and Dan Sack

Check out The Herald sports online! browndailyherald.com/sports

10
DIAMoNDS & CoAL
Coal to the man regularly spotted masturbating in students backyards in recent weeks. The guy is clearly a real jerk, but its obvious he has balls. A cubic zirconium to the sophomore who said of President Ruth Simmons, She hasnt touched me in any way. Well, thats one suspect off the list. A diamond to MunchCard, which, by offering discounts at local eateries, has led students to frequent Kartabar for the first time. What sort of discount does MunchCard offer on Ed Hardy shirts? Coal to Harvard, for beating the football team 24-7 in its Ivy opener last Friday. Harvard may have a winning league record, money and prestige, but Browns still got the Fish Company. Er, Browns definitely still got Spectrum India. Coal to the WaterFire attendees who mistakenly wandered into last Friday nights Fall Concert at the Rhode Island School of Design Auditorium. If they were looking for entertainment, why were they at WaterFire? Coal to the Department of Athletics, which has taken 10 exercise machines out of the Bears Lair this semester without replacing them. Lets not abuse the New Curriculum. This really isnt the kind of thing you can take an Incomplete on. A cubic zirconium to the University of Rhode Island, where 500 students rioted outside a fraternity last Thursday night. Students for a Democratic Society, eat your heart out. A cubic zirconium to Cynthia Frost, vice president and chief investment officer, who was the Universitys highest-paid employee in 2009, raking in $1,011,351. It should come as no surprise that Frost is iced out. A diamond to Central Falls Police Chief Joseph Moran III, who received coal from us in this section last Friday and was fired later that day. We hope this undoes the damage. Providence has a naked masturbator who needs to be caught, if that helps.

the Brown Daily herald Friday, September 30, 2011

eDIToRIAL CoMIC

b y lo r e n f u lto n

Le T TeRS To THe eDIToR

Student comics worse than Providence Journals
To the Editor: I think it is ironic that Daniel Moraff 14 chooses to criticize the comedic quality of the Providence Journals funny pages (These comics are not very good, Sept. 27). I think I gave up on newspaper comics when I reached puberty except for Doonesbury and Gary Larsons Far Side. But what is more surprising is that Moraff does not mention Herald comics. For years I have tried to find humor and meaning in the so-called comics that appear in The Herald, the Anchor Rhode Island Colleges student newspaper and other student newspapers I have come across. For the life of me, I have not been able to discern anything approaching humor, meaning or insightful social commentary in the vast majority of student-generated comics I have encountered. Good examples appear in the very issue that contains Moraff s piece. Where is Garry Trudeau when we need him? The comics he produced for the Yale Daily News when he was an undergraduate were excellent and harbingers of the genius he has consistently demonstrated for several decades in Doonesbury. Peter Allen Am68 PhD74 P10

Im sure there are also weird

QUoTe oF THe DAY

things about living in Keeney.

Online comics superior to print strips

To the Editor: In a recent column (These comics are not very good, Sept. 27) , Daniel Moraff 14 complained at length about the quality of the modern-day newspaper comics section, noting that the funnies are more often than not not funny. While the author raised some very good points in the hopes of addressing the cause of current print comics mediocrity, he failed to adequately explain why we the first generation to grow up with the Internet should care. For the past decade and a half, the webcomics industry has been steadily growing in number of artists, amount of raw talent and widespread appeal. Why should younger generations cry out against the inexplicable longevity of Hagar the Horrible when, with a few keystrokes, they can access modern gems like Dinosaur Comics, Achewood, A Softer World, Diesel Sweeties and other short- and long-form comics on the Internet? The webcomics industry is by no means glamorous, exciting or always financially rewarding, but unlike the rigid world of print newspaper comics, it does not suffer from the problem of having no room for new guys to squeeze in, and even stodgy old professors are now hanging xkcd clippings in their offices. Let those who care about the newspaper comics section continue to read the drivel in peace. Well be over here on our iPads, laptops, netbooks, smart phones or high-end desktops engaged in the cultural landscape we actually find engaging. Salomon Gomez 13

Charlie Pletcher 12.5 see deep SpringS on page 3.

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the Brown Daily herald Friday, September 30, 2011

opinions 11
would hate to be catcalled on the street might enjoy much more disrespectful behavior in the bedroom. Objectification is only bad when it leads to negative consequences. If someone is accustomed to treating people like objects, they may not be able to treat a person like an agent with rights and responsibilities when it comes down to the wire. Someone gets slut-shamed, hurt or raped. But objectification is not enough to lead to any of these consequences. If you enjoy B.D.S.M., you are being treated, or treating In answer to the first, we want to stop the acts that are intrinsically bad. Systematic oppression, domestic violence and rape are by definition acts that cannot be performed without hurting someone. Lets stop these. Objectification can be, and often is, done without hurting anyone. Why end it? The second question is much harder, but we have been making progress. We need to make it clear to everyone that harmful acts are unacceptable and serious. Do not let a sexist comment or rape joke slide. Instill an attitude of reflection in everyone so peogirl that her ass is a peach you would like to nibble. Above all, do not hurt anyone in the process. More specifically, objectify men more. The hope is that boys and men will realize that they do not want to be objectified all the time and will divorce themselves from the objectifying representations. Realizing that these representations are not accurate, they will be loathe to apply them to the individual women they meet. This may be farfetched, but it is a future worth trying for. What to say, then, about Dr. Dres opus Bitches aint shit? We can espouse and express all the lyrics in the song without being disrespectful. The good doctor is simply celebrating the joys of casual sex for both sexes read the lyrics while lamenting the lack of trust in such a relationship. This is perfectly acceptable as long as the hos and tricks mindset does not prevent someone from getting a job they deserve or cause someone to get raped. Returning to Spencer-Salmons piece, Why is it that (womens) bodies are still considered fair game for public scrutiny? The simple answer everyones bodies are fair game for judgment as hot-or-not. If we socialize people to know they can objectify and be objectified without causing harm, catcalls can be the compliments they are meant to be. David Hefer 12 is a white cis-gendered male who wants to spread the privilege around. All the fly honeys can reach him at david_hefer@brown.edu

Objectification for fun and profit

BY DAVID HeFeR
opinions Columnist

In her recent article, (The problem with Thayer on a Friday night, Sept. 22), Camille Spencer-Salmon 14 raises a fundamentally good point. But there is an obvious response that she fails to address, and doing so would lead her position in a new and interesting direction. Lets pretend Otto, an average man, has read Spencer-Salmons piece. A natural first reaction to being told that he needs to stop catcalling and objectifying women is one of confusion. He asks, Why does this make women feel unsafe? I am giving sincere compliments to these girls in the only way that presents itself in the situation. They should stop getting so hurt by trivial matters and just take the compliment. The how would you feel if angle will not work. If a woman objectified Otto, he and many other men would find it awesome. High fives all around. There is a sound explanation for why Otto does not and perhaps cannot feel the pain of the women he compliments. He is privileged to be in a group that is not constantly subject to the downsides of objectification. For him, objectification is fun and sexy whether he is the objectifier or the objectified. That is the thing about objectification it is not in itself bad. Even a person who

objectification can be, and often is, done without hurting anyone. Why end it?

others, as if you were not quite an agent. If you have ever watched mainstream or even most sex-positive pornography, you have probably done the same thing as the man on the street. People do not consume these products because they are interested in the actors thoughts and feelings. They want to watch attractive bodies. In no way does this make us bad people, sexists or perpetuators of rape culture and the kyriarchy. So, two questions remain. What things, exactly, do we want to stop? And how do we stop those things with minimal cost?

ple can objectify without being disrespectful. Let our children know that they are not worth less because they are not thin or conventionally attractive. Create good women in your creative work to show everyone that women do not just look pretty and moon over men as they fight crime, save the world, have hilarious adventures and pursue their dreams. In the meantime, lets objectify more. Think dirty, disrespectful thoughts about your peers. Ogle the attractive men and women in the media. Tell a hot guy that his abs are mountains you want to climb, or a

Dear white guy in my class

BY MALCoLM SHANKS
opinions Columnist
my grandma get away with complaining about white people at Thanksgiving, and you didnt beat up your uncle for telling a joke about Jews that one time. They may or may not be racist, but either way, were not them. I dont come to class to sniff out racists, and believe it or not, I would be sad, not vindicated, if you turned out to be one. Racism exists. Okay, maybe Im a little hesitant. But understand that its only because of past experiences. One way I combat racism is by claiming my blackness as positive and in no need of justification. One not in spite of them. My experiences are valid and true because they happened to me. Weve been taught a lot of things about race relations in America, namely how they were bad and now theyre good. We have to admit to each other that those were lies. Im not on a high horse, claiming superior knowledge about history and culture. I have been guilty of telling people that what theyve experienced isnt really sexism. Then I realized how illogical it was to tell others their lives werent convincty and you do, too, because youre both white. We also hopefully claim the accomplishments of Zora Neale Hurston for me also because Im black. Sociologists call this fictive kinship, and the fact of the matter is that we all do it. In the same way, we also must claim the less rosy sides of those legacies. We have to realize that the big elephant in the room when were talking about slavery or lynching or colonialism isnt just my blackness its also your whiteness. People can and probably do to some degree lay claim to the ones who committed those terrible atrocities. Its not because who they were was terrible. Its because what they did was. In addition, they justified those actions based on who they were, which just happens to be the same word that describes you. Believe me, I would love to have a conversation about how your grandparents came to America as Slovaks and ended up white. We could both learn much from that exchange. But before we can do that, you have to accept that the whitening of your family is not the same thing as the construction of my family as black. Im not making a claim to which one is more harmful to society. I think theyre both indicative of major flaws in the American democratic project. Perhaps we can agree that you probably benefit from though you are not personally responsible for the same process of racialization that disadvantages me in many ways. And now we can move forward. Malcolm Shanks 12.5 has plenty of wonderful, anti-racist white friends at Brown.

Dear white guy in my class. This is awkward. I know that you feel it, and I know that I feel it. But we cant get around it. Were going to have to talk about race. Were talking about identity or class, American history, slavery or anything else that Europeans have been involved in on a state level for the past 600 years so were not going to be able to avoid it. I would say Im sorry, but for reasons Im about to explain, that would be completely counter-productive. In all honesty, you seem like a really cool guy and it would be nice to be say-hi-toeach-other-on-the-street or laugh-abouthow-weird-our-teacher-is kind of friends. And so I want us to be honest so our group membership doesnt get in the way of recognizing one anothers humanity. In other words, I dont want to reduce you to the privileged white man any more than you want to stereotype me as an angry black man, right? Things are going to get hairy. This is a personal conversation for both of us, and its better if we establish that up front. I am black and you are white. Thats personal. Basics. So, here goes. I dont want you to be a racist. Youd think I would start with racism exists, right? Well, I trust you. I trust that youre not racist, and I trust that you dont think Im racist, even though I sometimes let

There are legacies we carry with our identities, and its better that we claim them with a critical eye than avoid them without one.

of the reasons I refuse to say that I am sorry we have to talk about this even implicitly by staying silent is because that would be to assume that my being black is the problem and racism is not. And so when I mention the fact that there are currently more black and Latino men in prison cells than in dorm rooms or that median white household wealth is currently 20 times that of blacks, please assume Im not lying. One way you could be anti-racist is by considering that the progress weve already made here is because of our racial identities and

ing enough. The only possible rationale for this kind of thinking is that Im more knowledgeable about what sexism really is because Im not a woman. And since I wouldnt claim to know what snorkeling is really like because I read a book, it just doesnt make sense to assume that experiential knowledge is irrelevant. There are legacies we carry with our identities, and its better that we claim them with a critical eye than avoid them without one. We claim accomplishments of Ben Franklin because of our nationali-

Daily Herald Sports Friday

the Brown
ATHLETE OF THE WEEk
By JaMEs BluM SportS Staff Writer

Friday, September 30, 2011

Bostons Barrett 14 and Bledsoe 14 a dynamic duo in goal massacre: the tear party
It is often said that the best offense is a good defense, and the womens soccer team exemplifies this adage with its two goalkeepers: Amber Bledsoe 14 and MC Barrett 14. During their first 17 games, the duo combined for 71 saves and allowed only 20 goals. They shared six saves Wednesday in Browns 1-0 victory against the University of Rhode Island the fifth shutout in nine games this season. In recognition of their impressive performances, The Herald named both Bledsoe and Barrett Athletes of the Week. the Herald: How did you two start playing soccer? Barrett: I have an older brother, and so he played, and then I wanted to do everything he did. So I started playing because of him. Bledsoe: Parents signed me up for rec soccer, and then it kinda grew from there. did you both play as goalkeepers in high school? Bledsoe: No, I have a twin sister whos also a goalkeeper. And I played in the field as well as a forward for my high school, and shes in goal. Barrett: I played in goal for high school, and then I split time in my club team between goal and defense. When you came to Brown, did you know that you both were going to be goalies?

By saM sHEEHan SportS ColumniSt

Herald file photos

Amber Bledsoe 14 and MC Barrett 14 have only allowed six goals in nine games this season.

Barrett: We were recruited as goalkeepers. They dont want us on the field now. Bledsoe: Our coach was looking for two goalkeepers to come in last year, and we both fit. So is it normal for college goalies to split time as evenly as you two do? Barrett: No, its definitely an exception. But our coach, Head Coach Phil Pincince, likes how weve done with it and so weve kept it up for a year-plus now. How did you decide who gets which half? Bledsoe: It started at the beginning of our freshman year. Pincince said, Im going to flip

a coin. And heads, youre playing first half, tails, you play first half. And I won the coin toss, so I played first half and she played second. Barrett: It stuck. In the spring we switched for a little bit. I played first half, and Bledsoe played second half, and then this summer we went to Europe, and then we switched back to normal. And now Amber opens, and I close. So do you two compete against each other? do you learn from each other? How do you like sharing time? Bledsoe: Were always going to be competitive with each other and push each other so we can

be the best goalkeeping team together. Barrett: We push each other in practice, but at the same time we definitely learn from each other. Like, I know if I make a mistake, Ill ask Amber what did I do wrong, what can I do better, and I know that shes gonna give me advice. Its never like one trying to sabotage the other. We just compete, and it makes us both better at the end of the day. So what are your favorite parts about goalkeeping? Whats continued on page 9

Squad shakes off rust Bears blank URI in fifth at Brown Invitational shutout win of season
By Hak riM kiM Contributing Writer

TENNIS

W. SOCCER

Julie Flanzer 12 led the No. 52 womens tennis team with a 5-1 record at its first competition last weekend. The Bears hosted the Brown Invitational an exhibition to start off the season and wipe away the rust that accumulated over the summer. No. 45 Boston College, No. 50 Princeton, No. 54 Dartmouth, Rutgers University, Boston University and Binghamton University traveled to Providence for the invitational. Flanzer also posted a perfect 3-0 record with Carissa Aboubakare 12 in doubles. It is always tough because most of us havent played matches since last spring, Flanzer said. Even though we didnt all necessarily play our best tennis, we all competed really well. Despite being out of form, Cassandra Herzberg 12 said she knew she had the skill to win. In the competition, she had a 4-2 record, going 2-1 in both singles and doubles play.

Mentally, I felt confident in my ability to keep a winning attitude, she said. With its first tournament under its belt, the team now know where it stands and is striving to improve. Mental toughness and confidence definitely help to some extent, but it is also extremely important to be physically fit as well, Herzberg said. I definitely think that there are always mistakes made on the court, which give us as a team more things to work on, she added. But the team isnt just focusing on the negatives many Bears gave strong performances this weekend. Ariel Caldwell 14, Jessica Harrow 14, Michalina Krasowski 13 and Herzberg went 4-2 overall and 2-1 in both singles and doubles. Our team is off to a great start, which is important because every fall tournament builds upon each other and gives us momentum into our spring season, Flanzer said. The Bears look to maintain their momentum when they travel to Flushing, N.Y. Oct. 8-10 for the U.S. Open Tournament.

By saM WickHaM SportS Staff Writer

If defense really does win championships, then the womens soccer team is on the right track. The Bears (6-2-1, 1-0-0 Ivy League) blanked the University of Rhode Island in Kingston Wednesday, earning their fifth shutout victory of the season. Brunos stalwart back line led by Diana Ohrt 13 kept the Rams (5-4-1) at bay, and a late tally from Emily Wingrove 14 propelled the Bears to their second consecutive win. URI got off to an aggressive start, firing three shots in the first 17 minutes and forcing one save from Bears keeper Amber Bledsoe 14. Their energy was pretty high initially, said Ohrt. That put us off a little bit. We started off the first half a little slow, said Wingrove. They kind of played a funny formation, so we had some trouble readjusting to it. We didnt really control the midfield at all, and they had some chances. Though the Rams recorded six

shots to Brunos five, neither team was able to get on the score sheet before the end of the half. At halftime, coach made some adjustments. We went to more of a 4-4-2 and adjusted really well. We were able to control the midfield, create a lot more chances, and we really stopped their whole sense of attack, Wingrove said. Bruno almost broke the deadlock six minutes into the second half when a close-range shot from Kiersten Berg 14 was parried away by the diving URI keeper. The Rams answered with a shot of their own five minutes later, but MC Barrett 14 made one of three stops on the evening to keep the game level. The Bears finally found the back of the net in the 76th minute. Mika Siegelman 14 sent a through ball to the feet of Wingrove, who touched it to Briel Crespi 15 in the middle. Crespi looked wide and found Louisa Pitney 14, who struck a cross back into the center. Wingrove met the ball with her head and redirected it over the continued on page 9

As I sat in the English Alehouse Wednesday night and watched the most horrific collapse in the history of baseball unfold before my eyes, I kept thinking of the dialogue that was going on with the other Red Sox fans present. Wait, why arent you cheering for the Yankees? We need them to win! We dont need them to win. We can win this game and then take the play-in in Tampa. I refuse to cheer for the Yankees. You know that they are trying to throw the game, right? They are using every pitcher so Scott Proctor will be the guy who pitches at the end of the game. Whatever, f#*% the Yankees. Were a better team than this, anyway. Let them throw their game and feel good about it. If we lose, we lose because we couldnt win games down the stretch and we shouldnt be in the playoffs anyway. For those of you who arent aware, the Boston Red Sox completed the worst collapse in baseball history last night, blowing a lead with two outs in the bottom of the ninth and losing a playoff spot to the Tampa Bay Rays. The Rays came back from a 7-0 deficit last night on the back of Evan Longoria, who almost singlehandedly willed his team into the postseason. Even this morning, when I think about the bottom-ofthe-ninth two-out homer, I cant get mad at the Rays. They have a bankroll that is one quarter of the size of the Sox and one-fifth of the Yankees, but they never gave up and they kept winning. Now, I was the youngest person in the Alehouse by at least four years. All of my friends had been snatched up by Whiskey Republic, Finnegans or the idea of a good nights sleep. This left me to either watch the game alone, or sit in a bar and high-five 30-somethings. When Longorias game-winning home run cleared that little fence in Tropicana field, the place went nuts, and not in a good way. Every fan had the same reaction. I cant believe they did this again. Only I left out the again. Having only experienced one crushing Red Sox loss in my life (2003 ALCS a.k.a Wait, who is Aaron Boone?), I wasnt a typical oldcontinued on page 9