The Complete Two Gentlemen of Verona: An Annotated Edition of the Shakespeare Play
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Donald J. Richardson
Although he has long been eligible to retire, Donald J. Richardson continues to (try to) teach English Composition at Phoenix College in Arizona. He defines his life through his teaching, his singing, his volunteering, and his grandchildren.
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The Complete Two Gentlemen of Verona - Donald J. Richardson
AuthorHouse™
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© 2015 by Donald J. Richardson. All rights reserved.
No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted by any means without the written permission of the author.
Published by AuthorHouse 01/21/2015
ISBN: 978-1-4969-6450-2 (sc)
ISBN: 978-1-4969-6451-9 (hc)
ISBN: 978-1-4969-6449-6 (e)
Library of Congress Control Number: 2015900734
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Because of the dynamic nature of the Internet, any web addresses or links contained in this book may have changed since publication and may no longer be valid. The views expressed in this work are solely those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the views of the publisher, and the publisher hereby disclaims any responsibility for them.
Contents
About the Book
About the Author
The Two Gentlemen of Verona
ACT I
ACT II
ACT III
ACT IV
ACT V
Works Cited
Other Books by Donald J. Richardson
Dust in the Wind, 2001
Rails to Light, 2005
Song of Fools, 2006
Words of Truth, 2007
The Meditation of My Heart, 2008
The Days of Darkness, 2009
The Dying of the Light, 2010
Between the Darkness and the Light, 2011
The Days of Thy Youth, 2012
Those Who Sit in Darkness¸ 2013
Just a Song at Twilight, 2014
The Complete Hamlet, 2012
The Complete Macbeth, 2013
The Complete Romeo and Juliet, 2013
The Complete King Lear, 2013
The Complete Julius Caesar, 2013
The Complete Merchant of Venice, 2013
The Complete Midsummer Night’s Dream, 2013
The Complete Much Ado About Nothing, 2013
The Complete Twelfth Night, 2014
The Complete Taming of the Shrew, 2014
The Complete Tempest, 2014
The Complete Othello, 2014
The Complete Henry IV, Part One, 2014
The Complete Antony and Cleopatra, 2014
The Complete Comedy of Errors, 2014
The Complete Henry IV, Part Two, 2014
The Complete Henry V, 2014
The Tragedy of Richard the Third, 2015
For all lovers of early Shakespeare
About the Book
The Two Gentlemen of Verona doesn’t enjoy a high reputation among Shakespeareans. As an early comedy, it suffers from internal inconsistencies and a questionable resolution. However, having produced and directed a radio version of the play (for WSUI, in Iowa City, Iowa), I have partial feelings for the work. Thus, I ask that the play be taken for what it is: somewhat flawed but generally rewarding.
About the Author
Donald J. Richardson is still trying to teach English Composition at Phoenix College.
The Two Gentlemen of Verona
ACT I
SCENE I. Verona. An open place.
Enter VALENTINE and PROTEUS Valentine: By association with the St. Valentine’s Day tradition the word means ‘a true lover’.
; Proteus: In Greek mythology Proteus was an old man of the sea who guarded the flocks of Poseidon. Although he had the gift of prophecy, those who wished to consult him found that on being questioned he eluded them by assuming different shapes.
(Sanders, 137)
VALENTINE
1 Cease to persuade, my loving Proteus:
2 Home-keeping youth have ever homely wits. Home-keeping … wits: Among the upper classes of Shakespeare’s day travelling was beginning to be considered an educational and broadening experience appropriate for a young man.
(Sanders, 137); homely: simple
(Riverside, 181)
3 Were’t not affection chains thy tender days Affection: "passion (stronger then the modern meaning); tender: youthful
(Riverside, 181)
4 To the sweet glances of thy honor’d love,
5 I rather would entreat thy company
6 To see the wonders of the world abroad,
7 Than, living dully sluggardized at home, Sluggardized: i.e., made lazy or sluggish
(Mowat, 6)
8 Wear out thy youth with shapeless idleness. Shapeless: lacking form, aimless
(Riverside, 181)
9 But since thou lovest, love still and thrive therein, Love still: go on loving
(Riverside, 181); still: always
(Young, 1)
10 Even as I would when I to love begin.
PROTEUS Proteus: In Greek mythology, Proteus was an infinitely changeable sea deity …, and much of the action in this play is produced by the changeable character of the Proteus we now meet.
(Asimov, 465)
11 Wilt thou be gone? Sweet Valentine, adieu!
12 Think on thy Proteus, when thou happ’ly seest Happ’ly: haply, perchance
(Riverside, 181)
13 Some rare note-worthy object in thy travel: Object: sight
(Riverside, 181)
14 Wish me partaker in thy happiness
15 When thou dost meet good hap; and in thy danger, Hap: fortune
(Riverside, 181)
16 If ever danger do environ thee,
17 Commend thy grievance to my holy prayers, Commend thy grievance: commit your trouble
(Riverside, 181)
18 For I will be thy beadsman, Valentine. Beadsman: one who prays in another’s behalf
(Riverside, 181)
VALENTINE
19 And on a love-book pray for my success? Love-book: love-manual or love story (instead of a prayer book)
(Riverside, 181)
PROTEUS
20 Upon some book I love I’ll pray for thee.
VALENTINE
21 That’s on some shallow story of deep love: Shallow … love: "The quibble here is on shallow and deep water and shallow (not profound) and deep (passionate) love." (Sanders, 138)
22 How young Leander cross’d the Hellespont. Leander: youth who nightly swam the Hellespont to visit Hero. One night he drowned in his attempt, whereupon Hero threw herself into the Hellespont and drowned also.
(Riverside, 181)
PROTEUS
23 That’s a deep story of a deeper love:
24 For he was more than over shoes in love. Over shoes in love: determined recklessly to pursue his love affair
(Sanders, 139)
VALENTINE
25 ’Tis true; for you are over boots in love, Over boots in: i.e. recklessly committed to pursuing
(Mowat, 8)
26 And yet you never swom the Hellespont. Swom: swam
(Riverside,1 81)
PROTEUS
27 Over the boots? nay, give me not the boots. Give … boots: i.e. do not make fun of me
(Riverside, 181); "There may also be a reference here to the boots, a Scottish instrument of torture used to extort confessions from prisoners." (Mowat, 8)
VALENTINE
28 No, I will not, for it boots thee not. Boots: profits
(Riverside, 181)
PROTEUS
29 What?
VALENTINE
30 To be in love, where scorn is bought with groans;
31 Coy looks with heart-sore sighs; one fading moment’s mirth
32 With twenty watchful, weary, tedious nights: Watchful: wakeful
(Riverside, 181)
33 If haply won, perhaps a hapless gain; Haply: by chance
(Sanders, 139); hapless: unfortunate
(Riverside, 181)
34 If lost, why then a grievous labor won; If lost … labor won: "i.e., if the object of one’s love is lost, then all one has gained is a grievous labor" (Mowat, 8)
35 However, but a folly bought with wit, However: whichever, either way
(Riverside, 181); but: merely
; wit: mind, intellect
(Mowat, 8)
36 Or else a wit by folly vanquished.
PROTEUS
37 So, by your circumstance, you call me fool. Circumstance: detailed proof (so also at line 84)
(Riverside, 181); circumlocution
(Young, 2)
VALENTINE
38 So, by your circumstance, I fear you’ll prove. Circumstance: condition, situation
(Riverside, 181)
PROTEUS
39 ’Tis love you cavil at: I am not Love. Love, Love: "Here, as elsewhere in the play, the meaning shifts between love as an emotion of passion and love’s personification as Love, i.e. Cupid, the Roman god of love… . It is not always clear which meaning is intended." (Mowat, 8)
VALENTINE
40 Love is your master, for he masters you:
41 And he that is so yoked by a fool, Yoked: subjugated, enslaved
(Mowat, 8)
42 Methinks, should not be chronicled for wise. Methinks: i.e., it seems to me
(Mowat, 8); chronicled for wise: Literally, this means ‘set down in the Chronicle for wisdom’, but here it merely means ‘reputed to be wise’.
(Sanders, 140)
PROTEUS
43 Yet writers say, as in the sweetest bud
44 The eating canker dwells, so eating love Canker: cankerworm, grub
(Mowat, 10)
45 Inhabits in the finest wits of all. Inhabits: dwells
(Riverside, 181); wits: minds, intellects
(Sanders, 140)
VALENTINE
46 And writers say, as the most forward bud Forward: advanced in growth
(Sanders, 140)
47 Is eaten by the canker ere it blow, Blow: open
(Riverside, 181); bloom
(Young, 2)
48 Even so by love the young and tender wit
49 Is turn’d to folly, blasting in the bud, Blasting: withering
(Riverside, 182)
50 Losing his verdure even in the prime His verdure: its fresh vigor
; prime: early spring
(Riverside, 182)
51 And all the fair effects of future hopes. Effects: fulfillments
; future hopes: promise of future development
(Riverside, 182)
52 But wherefore waste I time to counsel thee, Wherefore: why
(Mowat, 10)
53 That art a votary to fond desire? Votary to: addicted to (with the religious overtone implying ‘worshipping’)
(Sanders, 140); fond: foolish, doting
(Riverside, 182)
54 Once more adieu! my father at the road Road: roadstead, harbor
(Riverside, 182)
55 Expects my coming, there to see me shipp’d. Expects: awaits
; shipp’d: aboard. Shakespeare seems to have supposed that Verona was a seaport.
(Riverside, 182)
PROTEUS
56 And thither will I bring thee, Valentine. Bring: accompany
(Riverside, 182)
VALENTINE
57 Sweet Proteus, no; now let us take our leave. Take our leave: bid farewell (to each other)
(Mowat, 10)
58 To Milan let me hear from thee by letters
59 Of thy success in love, and what news else Success: fortune (good or bad)
(Riverside, 182)
60 Betideth here in absence of thy friend; Betideth: takes place
(Sanders, 140)
61 And likewise will visit thee with mine. Visit: bestow the same benefit on
(Riverside, 182)
PROTEUS
62 All happiness bechance to thee in Milan!