A NEW K-MEANS ALGORITHM FOR COMPRESSING IMAGES AUTHOR NAME:M.

Rabin Joseph COLLEGE:PSNA college of engineering and technology CO-AUTHOR NAME:P.Pravin Kumar COLLEGE:PSNA college of engineering and technology KEYWORDS:image processing,image compression,vector quantization,k-means algorithm Abstract:
The term image processing refers to the manipulation, analysis ,correction and enhancement digital images. Images can be processed by optical, photographic, and electronic means, but image processing using digital computers is the most common method because digital methods are fast, flexible, and precise.An image can be synthesized from a micrograph of various cell organelles by assigning a light intensity value to each cell organelle. The sensor signal is digitized and then converted to an array of numerical values, each value representing the light intensity of a small area of the cell. The digitized values are called picture elements, or pixels and are stored in computer memory as a digital image. The digital image is processed by a computer to achieve the desired result. Image enhancement improves the quality of images for human viewing. Removing blurring and noise, increasing contrast, and revealing details are examples of enhancement operations. Image processing technology is used by planetary scientists to enhance images of Mars, Venus or other planets. Doctors use this technology to manipulate CAT scans and MRI images. Image processing in the laboratory can motivate students and make science relevant to student learning. Image processing is an excellent topic for classroom application of science research techniques.

SCOPE:
In electrical engineering and computer science, image processing is any form of signal processing for which the input is an image, such as a photograph or video frame; the output of image processing may be either an image or, a set of characteristics or parameters related to the image. This article will give a brief study about general techniques that apply to all of them.

Computer vision (or machine vision) is the science and technology of machines that see. . Examples of applications of computer vision include systems for: Controlling processes Detecting events (e.g., for visual surveillance or people counting). Organizing information (e.g., for indexing databases of images and image sequences). Modeling objects or environments (e.g., industrial inspection, medical image analysis or topographical modeling). Interaction (e.g., as the input to a device for computer-human interaction).

Face detection is a computer technology that determines the locations and sizes of human faces in arbitrary (digital) images Non photorealistic graphics is an area of computer graphics that focuses on wide variety of expressive styles for digital art. In road-transport terminology, a lane departure warning system is a mechanism designed to warn a driver when the vehicle begins to move out of its lane Medical imaging is the technique and process used to create images of the human body for clinical purposes or medical science. Microscope image processing is a broad term that covers the use of digital image processing techniques to process, analyze and present images obtained from a microscope. Such processing is now commonplace in a number of diverse fields such as medicine, biological research, cancer research, drug testing, metallurgy, etc. Remote sensing is the acquisition of information about an object or phenomenon, without making physical contact with the object Mathematical morphology is a theory and technique for analysis and processing geometric structures based on set theory, lattice theory and random functions.

Exploration geophysics is the applied branch of geophysics which uses surface methods to measure the physical properties of the subsurface Earth, in order to detect or infer the presence and position of ore minerals, hydrocarbons, geothermal reservoirs, groundwater reservoirs, and other geological structures.

CONTRIBUTION:
A new K-means algorithm for compressing images
The terrific growth of the number of applications of digital images and recent advances in digital data transmission, image archival, and multimedia have warranted investigation of new image and video compression techniques. Online applications like Video conferencing and Live Chat which need huge bandwidth and massive transfer of images are feasible only with effective

compression algorithms. Despite the advent of new communication technologies, the speed of data communication is still bounded by the throughput of network channel which makes data compression inevitable for all online applications. Image compression plays a vital role in the medical field where there is constant scanning and storage of medical images with the invention of high precision imaging technologies required for diagnosis. The goal of image compression is to represent images in a compact form with less data in order to save storage and transmission costs. Vector Quantization (VQ) is a classical lossy compression technique that produces high quality images at low bit rate and low complexity as well. K-means is a widely used VQ technique known for its efficiency and speed. The k-means algorithm clusters the given objects into k partitions based on some defined distance metric. Despite its efficiency, it has drawbacks like prior fixation of number of clusters and random selection of initial seeds. Inappropriate choice of initial seeds may yield poor results and leads to increase in computation time for convergence. In this paper, we propose a new compression scheme in which we apply novel strategy for initial seed selection for k-means algorithm . The proposed method is best suited for online web applications that involve massive and rapid image and video storage and transmission.