VarunyantratotapSkywater: ABhagirath effort

VarunyantraUsersFirstConference July14,2010Pune
By DrShreehari(Raja)Marathe Rashtrasanta Tukdoji Maharaj Swayampurnata Kendra AtPostSujlegaon,TalukaNaigaon,DistrictNanded Email:drmarathe@gmail.com,(M)9970435740 http://www.varunyantra.org

WhatisSkywater?
Atmosphericevaporationandprecipitation Oceans87%80% Landareas.13%20% Thisdifferencebetweentheimportsandexportsofmoisturebyland amountingto44,800km3peryearisbymeansofthetransferof atmosphericmoisturefromtheoceanstotheland. Thisuniquenaturalprocessincreasestheavailabilityofwateronland. As44,800Km3ofwatercirculatesannuallyroundthehydrologicalcycle,it canprovidealmosthundredtimesourpresentrateofsupply. Skywateristhewaterinformofwatervaporanddropletsfloatinginthe atmosphereinformofclouds Althoughthereisenoughwaterintheworld,itisrarelyintherightplace attherighttimeintherightquantityandquality.
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Skywatertapping Aneedofthehour
WaterScarcity ANationalCrisis India MonsoonBasedEconomy VagariesofMonsoon AnnualFeature SeveredroughtsinlargebutdifferentpartsofIndiaa RecurringAnnualFeature Conventionalthinkingaboutwaterresources
Groundwater Dams,bundsetc Undergroundwater Wells,tubewellsetc

Enlightenedscientists,bureaucrats,industrialistsand statesmeninabout50countriesarefrequentlyusingcloud seedingoperationsforover40years

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Tappingskywater Apersonalexperience
PartnershipFarmingProjectinvillageSujlegaon,Nanded Norainsuntil10th August2009 DiscoveredartificialrainmakingsolutionthroughInternet andProfShivajiRaoandhisbookCloudseedingforIndia. NecessityistheMotherofInvention InspirationfromJamesP.Espysuggestionin1839toburn largeblocksofwood Indesperation,madeabonfireon19th August2009in Sujlegaonandvaporizedsaltbysprinkledsaltonflames. Anditrainedfor2hoursandsavedthecrops
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Somemoreexperimentalresults!
Successionofresultson19th,20th,21st August2009in Sujlegaon,NavandiandRudrur(Nizamabad)onfirewood FirstLavanVajraonburningtireinSujlegaononAugust24, 2009inmorning,noon,evening Excellentweatherconditions Overcastsky Darklowlyingclouds Verylittlewind Highhumidity Gave5~10mmofheavyrain
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BirthofVarunYantra
YantrainSanskritmeansmachine,VarunwasthenameofRig vedicgodofrain VarunYantraistheprocessofthevaporizationofcommon saltonanykindoffire

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TheEarthsHeating

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WarmandColdClouds

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RainfallProcess
Watervapor+DustParticle(<1micron) CloudDroplets(~10microns) WaterDrop(1to2mm)/IceCrystal(fewcmindiameter)

Rain/Hail

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CoalescenceandCollision
1. Someliquidclouddropsarebiggerthanothers,hence, theywillfallatafasterrate. 2. Thisdifferentialrateofdescentresultsincollisions betweenliquidclouddrops. 3. Ifconditionsarefavorable(electricalfactors),thetwo dropswillsticktogether("coalesce")andanew,bigger dropresults. 4. Collisionscontinue.Ifthedropbecomesbigenough,it fallsoutofthecloudasrain.
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Above 20000 ft

6500 20000 ft

0 6000ft
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CloudSeedingAwaytotapSkywater
Cloudseedingaidsnaturalprocessesofrainformationand actsasacatalyst Byaddingcloudcondensationnucleitoclouds HygroscopicsaltssuchasMg/Ca/NaChlorideworkforwarm cloudsandAgIforcoldclouds Conventionallydonewithdeliverybymeansofspecially equippedaircraft

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Whyiscloudseedingrequiredatall? One:ExtensiveDeforestation
NatureprovideCloudCondensationNucleibyvaporizedSalt (fromthesea),Particlesfromdeadmatterfromtrees,or agriculturalwaste,deadinsectsthathavesalt Extensivedeforestationinruralareas. Sujlegaonhas410households,eachneedingabout8 quintalsoffirewood,equivalentof2treesperyeari.e.about 810treesayear,inthepast10years8,000treesfelled+say 2000forconsumptionmakesit10,000treesinonevillagein 10years Naigaontahsilof500sqkmhas100villagesmakingit10lak treesin10years Resultinginlowhumidity,lesssupplyofCCN
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Whyiscloudseedingrequiredatall? Two:Pollution
10yearsbackSujlegaonhadnovehiclesexcept2tractors. Nowthereare8jeeps,9threewheelers,7tractors+ harvestorsandbulldozersarefrequentlyused Fragmentationofwaterdroplets Increaseingroundtemperaturethuspushingcloudsup

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CostofNOTtimelytappingskywater AgricultureLossAnalysis
VillageSujlegaonhas1000acresofSoyabeancultivationin 2009kharifseas,letustakealowyieldof6quintalsperacre andapriceofRs2500perquintal.Thisimplies1,000x6x 2,500=15,000,000i.e.apotentiallossofRs1.5crores TalukaNaigaonhas100villages.ThusNaigaonTalukahasa potentiallossof150croresofSoyabeanproductioninthis season Nandedhas16tahsilssowearetalkingaboutalossofRs 1500croresinSoyabean.

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ActivitiesinChinaIn2005
1,952countiesof31provincescarryingoutprecipitation enhancementandhailsuppressionbyusingartilleriesand rocketlaunchersonGround 21provincescarryingoutprecipitationenhancementbyusing 37airplanesequippedwithAgI,dryiceorliquidnitrogen generatorsandPMSprobes Over37,210fulltimeandparttimepeople NewgenerationDopplerweatherradar158radars 996,720artilleryshells,84,416rockets 676KgAgI(silveriodide),9,760litresliquidnitrogen,11,820 KgliquidCO2(carbondioxide)
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Chinesetechnologiesforcloudseeding

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VarunyantraGevelopment Anindividualeffort
Usingbiobriquettes(carbonneutral,nonpolluting) Varunyantraheatproduction 2800kwh~10,000 KJ, VaporisingPotential10Kgofsalt, Generateslocalthermals

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VarunyantraModels AirSupplyUnitandMobiledesign
AirSupplyUnit:10assortedpiecesof1GI threadedpipes.(4wayetc).TheGIpiecesaredrilled tohaveholesthatsupplyturbulentairtothebio masses.Thiswillbeconnectedtoablower.Thisis commontoallmodels. Mobile: AmobileVarunyantracanbebuiltbymeans ofadiscarded200Ldrum(2dia,3height),about 40feeteachof6mmand10mmgajali foragrilland support.ThetotalcostofthiswillbeunderRs3,000

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VarunyantraModels Fixed,Portable
Fixed:AfixedVarunyantracanbebuiltbybuildinga 4x4x4brickstructurewithawallthicknessof4 inches.Thebrickstructurehasventilationholes,a grillkeptat9abovethebase.Thiswillrequireabout 400bricks,1bagofcementandcoupleofbagsof sand. Portable: Aportablehexagonalstructureinakit formcanbebuiltusingtwo1mmx8x4MSsheets thatcanbecutinto8piecesof2x4.Thepieceswill bedrilled,bentandcanbenutboltedtoslotted anglesonlocation.
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Varunyantra

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VarunyantraPhysicalChemistry
BiomassburningbyproductsareCo2andH2O Internaltemperaturesachieved 1200centigrade, Instantaneoustemperaturemuchhigher Saltmeltingpoint 804centigrade,Saltboilingpoint 1413centigrade Fourpossibleprocesses
Vaporisationofsalt EvaporationofSalineWater(Na+,Cl ions) Nanoscale,picodurationplasma Cavitationlikeburstingofbubblesandsaltparticle spluttering July 14, 2010 Varunyantra Users First Conference

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BoundaryLayerasaCarrier

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Creatingthermalsandridingonthem

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UsingVarunyantra Whenandwhere?
When ThereshouldbeGooddarkcloudcover(6~8octa).Relative humidity>50%.Verylittlewind,Goodtimeoneandhalf houraftersunrise,oneandhalfhourbeforesunset,onehour afternoonsun.Atnightonlyifthecloudcoverisgoodand lowlyingandifthereisnowind. Where Pickaspotwherethereisnotmuchwind.Itshouldnotbeset uponhilltops(withthemistakenbeliefthatitwillnearthe clouds!)butatthebaseofhillswhereupcurrentscancarry saltvapoursupwardsandnotsideways.Goodchoicescould nearwaterbodies,wells.Itshouldbelocatedwherethe smokeandheatwillnothurtpeopleordiscolorwallswith Varunyantra Users First Conference July 14, 2010 26 soot.

UsingVarunyantra Howandresults?
How Startwith10kgofbiomass(wood,coal,biobriquettes).Put litreofkeroseneordiesel.Setfire.Whenflamesaregood, startBlower.Add90kgofbiomassslowly.Startsprinkling (ordinaryorpowder)saltorspraysalinewater.Totalsalt weightabout1okgofsaltperquintalofbiomass.Theprocess shouldtakeaboutonetotwohours.Thetypicalcostper applicationwouldbeRs500. Results? Rainsaccompaniedbythundershowersexpectedbetween2 to72hours.GuessProbabilitybetween50%to75%.

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AThankYouNote
Prof.TShivajiRao,ForemostEnvironmentalistandDirector, EnvironmentalStudies,GitamUniversity,Vishakhapatanam ProfMukunda,CGPL,IndianInstituteofScience,Banglore MsRohiniNilekani,Chairman,Arghyam Dr.ShrikarPardeshi,Collector,Nanded ManyIITBalumnifriends,Pune Severalwellwisherfriendsandtelephonicadvisers SujlegaonPartnershipFarmersandcountlessvolunteers

Satyasankalpanchavaliishwarasato
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Refusalofcloudseedingoperationsmeans promotingwaterandfoodscarcity,diseases, poverty,unemploymentandblocking economicprosperityofanation. anenvironmentalistviewof ProfTShivajiRao Fromhisbook CloudseedingforIndia (aneffectiveweapontofightthedraughts)

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