ADVANCED COMMUNICATION METHOD

SHYAM SHETTY

Multiplexing

Time Division Multiplexing (TDM). Frequency Division Multiplexing (FDM). Code Division Multiplexing (CDM). Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM).

TDMA (with FDMA) Principle

Carriers

Power Frequency

Time-slots

Time

Direct Sequence CDMA Principle (with FDMA)

User Code Waveforms

Power

Frequency

Time

OFDM (with TDMA & FDMA) Principle

Tones Carriers

Power Frequency

Time-slots

Time

Summary of Multiple Access

FDMA
power

TDMA power

CDMA power

FDM and OFDM

OFDM Signal

Basics of Radio Propagation

Exponential

Power

0.1 -1 m (10-100 msec)

Short-term Fading Long-term Fading

10-100 m (1-10 sec)

Distance

Multi-path Propagation

Problems

Tall Buildings. Vehicular movements. Ceiling.

Interference

ISI. Fading.
Electrical. Solar.

Emission

Generic OFDM Transmitter

OFDM symbol
FEC

bits

Serial to Parallel

IFFT

Pulse shaper &

Linear PA

DAC add cyclic extension

view this as a time to frequency

fc

Generic OFDM Receiver

Slot & Timing AGC
Sync.

Sampler

FFT

fc
VCO gross offset

P/S and Detection

Error
Recovery

fine offset

Freq. Offset Estimation

(of all tones sent in one OFDM symbol)

Modern Wireless Systems

What is required?

Signal processing from frequency domain to time domain, real and imaginary components of the signal will be raised. FD TD (To get rid of complex elements in processing of signal). Number theoretic transforms.

Number Theoretic Transforms

Generic NTT is
k=0,1,2. N-1.

Generic Inverse NTT is

n=0,1,2. N-1.

Basic Calculation (example)

Simple example for module 11 (=N). (N-1) inputs. Input =[0 4 2 3 2 0 2 3 2 4]; Output =[0 2 9 6 2 6 2 6 9 2]; Inverse Output =[0 4 2 3 2 0 2 3 2 4];

ACM Advantages

Spreading advantages

Improved interference rejection. Low density power spectra for signal handling. Anti jam capability. Lower cost implementation.

The block diagram for transmission.

ACM Transmitter Block diagram

Receiver

Band pass filter. De-spreading. Receiver sensitivity .

ACM Receiver Block diagram

Advantages of Number Theoretic Transforms

Uses of number theoretic transform

Coding

The data coding on different modules of a ring provides substantial security against jamming. Standards are to be made based on this method.

Fast DSP algorithms, due to real number operations

Expected Data rates and Results

The theoretical data rate calculated for different time symbols.

Mod 131 910 Mbps 1820 Mbps 2912 Mbps Mod 257 2048 Mbps 4096 Mbps 6553.6 Mbps

Frequency Mod 11

Mod 37 1 MHz 30 Mbps 180 Mbps 2 MHz 60 Mbps 360 Mbps 3.2 MHz 96 Mbps 576 Mbps

Expected graph of data rate.

Data rate

Logarithmic Mod Value