University of Salahaddin-Hawler College of Engineering Department of Civil Engineering

Course Book

HIGHWAY ENGINEERING
Dr.Abdulhakim O.Salih Al-Kozapanky
BSc. in Civil Engineering (University of Sulimny-1980) BSc. in Law (University of Slahaddin-1995) MSc. in Transportation Eng.(Traffic Safety) (University of Slahaddin-1990) Phd. in Transportation Eng.(Traffic Safety) (University of Baghdad-2000) (Third Year)
Course No. CE304 Total Units: 6 Consists of two parts:

3 hrs/ week 2.Practical Part(Lab. 1 hr/week(or 2hrs/2week)

1.Theoretical Part: Academic Year (2011-2012) Mobile No. (07504935031) e-mail address: kozapanky@yahoo.com www.mediafire.com/?a7chaqexz28be

Introduction:
Transportation deals with the movement of persons and things from one place t o anot her and it cont ribut es t o t he economic, indust rial and cult ural development of any country. Science t hat covers t he building of roads and providing t he adequat e facilit ies t o t he users and t he safet y of road vehicles defined as Highway Engineering as a main branch from Transportation Engineering.

In general, it may be said t hat t he Highway Engineering deals wit h various phases like: Development , planning and locat ion; Highway design-geometrical and st ruct ural; Highway t raffic performance and it s cont rol; Mat erials, const ruct ion and Maint enance; Economic considerations, Finance and administration. Course program: It has been object ive of me t o prepare t his course book int roducing t he subject of Highway Engineering t o t he st udent s in a syst emat ic manner covering t he lat est knowledge. The following paragraphs consist of t he main and sub art icles of t he subject s which the serial numbers refers to the weeks. Syllabus:
1 - Introduction - Transportation - Advantages -Functions of transportation - Disadvantages -Kinds of transports -highways -Advantages - Classification of roads -Basic road patterns 2 - Highway planning - Necessity of planning - Planning studies - Phasing of road programs -Saturation system

3 - Highway alignment -Requirement of good alignment - Factors governing alignment - Surveys - Cost benefit analysis -Costs of highway -Benefits of highway - Definitions - Methods of economic analysis - Annual cost method - Benefit cost method 4 - Typical highway cross sections - Elements of highway cross section 5 - Geometric design of highways -Design vehicle -Design speed -Design hourly volume -Sight distance -Stopping sight distance -Passing sight distance 6 - Horizontal alignment -Super elevation -Radius of horizontal curve -Extra widening on curves 7 - Horizontal transition curve -Functions -Types - Length of transition curve -The rate of change of centrifugal acceleration -The rate of change of super elevation -Arbitrary gradient method -Sight distance restriction on horizontal curve - Attaining of super elevation

8 - Vertical alignment - Vertical alignment - Vertical curves - Design of summit vertical curves - Sight distance on summit curves 9 - Sag curves -Length of sag vertical - Vertical radial accelerator -Head light beam criteria -Design of an overpass bridge approaches 10 Highway Intersections -Highway capacity -Level of service -types of intersections - At grade intersections - Grade separators (interchanges) - Signal timing at intersections - Classification of signals - Time cycle

11- Highway drainage -Importance of drainage - Types of drainage - Surface drainage - Systems of surface drainage - Subsurface drainage - Lowering of water table - Control of capillary rise - Control of seepage flow - Cross drainage works 12- Pavements - Types - Differences between flexible and rigid pavement - Components of a flexible pavement (function & requirements) - Embankment

Subgrade Subbase Base course Wearing course

13- Soil stabilization - Types of soil - Methods of stabilization - Mechanical stabilization - Compaction - Addition and removal of soil particles - Chemical stabilization - Cement stabilization - Types of soil cement - Factors affecting soil cement mix - Uses of soil cement mixture - Field construction of soil cement mixture - Design of soil cement - Performance of soil cement - Lime stabilization - Types of lime - Effect of lime on soil properties - Engineering properties of soil lime mixture - Bituminous stabilization - Mechanism of soil stabilization with bituminous - Factors affecting soil bitumen mix - Design of soil asphalt mix - Admixtures - Other methods 14- Structural Design of flexible pavements - Factors affecting the thickness of flexible pavements - Methods of flexible pavement design - Group index method - California bearing ratio (CBR) method - U.S crops of engineering method

15- Structural Design of rigid pavements - Stresses in concrete pavements - Design procedure - Wheel load stresses - Important terms - Westergards equations for wheel load stresses - Gold beck formula - Bradbury s formula 16 Temperature stresses - Warping stresses - Frictional stresses 17 Joints in cement concrete pavements - Necessity of joints - Classification of joints - Longitudinal joints - Transverse joints - Expansion joints - Construction joints - Contraction joints 18 Types of roads - Common types - Earth roads - Gravel roads - Water bound macadam roads - Stabilized roads - Bituminous roads - Qualities of bit. Roads - Types of bit. Construction - Surface treatments - Prime coat - Tack coat - Surface dressing - Seal coat - Road mixes - Open graded mix - Dense graded mix - Mix in place

- Plant mix - Penetration macadam - Construction of bit concrete - Hot mix hot laid mixes - Bituminous concrete - Construction of bit concrete - Sheet asphalt - Sand asphalt - Cold mix cold laid mixes 19- Asphalts - Types of asphalts - Native asphalts - Production of petroleum asphalts - Chemical composition of asphalt - Desired properties of asphalt - How to select the grade of asphalt 20 Bituminous mixes - Desired mechanical properties of bit mixes - factors involving in mix design - Bit. Mix design procedure - Short comings of Marshall method

21- Maintenance of asphalt surfacing - Surface defects - Cracks - Deformation defects - Disintegration defects 22- Specification of special bituminous mixes - Liquid seal - Fog seal - Slurry seal - Sand bitumen mix for patching - Crack relief layer - Storable bituminous mix

23- Airport engineering - Component of an airport - Important terms - Airport classification - Corrections to basic runway length 24- Orientation of runway & windrows diagram 25- Railway engineering - Components of railway track - Rails - Sleepers - Ballast - Sub grade - Geometric design of railway track - Speed - Radius of curves - Super elevation - Gradient - Traction 26- Miscellaneous topics

Program of Practical Part:

Test No.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

Test Name Proctor Compaction California Bearing Ratio (CBR) In-Situ Density Loss Angeles Abrasion
Aggregate Gradation&Blending

Material

Duration

Soil 1 st Semester Aggregate

Penetration Flash & Fire Point Specific Gravity Softening Point Ductility Saybolt Furol Viscosity Marshall Stability

Asphalt 2 nd Semester
Cut Back Asphalt Mix

Forms of Teaching:
Data show presentation will be used after preparing all the articles in t he syllabus referred above by special programs and t he copy of t his uploaded on t he locat ion of Media Fire relat ed t o us, beside import ant references, other updat e informat ions, necessary inst ruct ions and manual of laborat ory will be cont inuously put in t he same locat ion. Students can get all t he referred informations directly from t he Media Fire Locat ion using t he given password in t he first page of t his course book and they should read t he lect ures not es regularly and to participate the class room discussions. Also the board will be used for writ ing of ot her import ant and inst ant notes, especially those come from class room discussions. In laborat ory, beside of t he above ment ion met hods for present at ion, deferent apparatus relat ed t o each t est individually will be used for t he purpose of emphasizing the deferent tests.

Grading :
St udent s are required t o first semest er exam on January, second semest er exam on April, class room activities, quizzes, home works, reports and final exam on June. So that the final grade will be based upon the following criteria: For Theoretical Part: - First semester exam -----------------13% - Second semester exam -------------13% - Quizzes & Reports--------------------4% - Total ------------------------------------30% - Final Exam -----------------------------50% For Practical Part: - Reports --------------------------------6% - Quizzes --------------------------------4% - Total --------------------------------10% - Final Exam ----------------------------10%

References:
1 - AASHTO Material (2005): Part 1: Specifications, Part 2: Tests. 2 - AASHTO (2005): A Policy on Geometric Design of Highways & Streets. 3 - SORB: Standard Specifications of Roads & Bridges, Iraq. 4 - Highway Design Manual, Iraq. 5 - Transportation & Traffic Engineering Hand Book, ITE. 6 - Highway Engineering Hand Book, by: Woods. 7 - Principle, Practice & Design of Highway engineering, by: Sharma, 1985. 8 - Traffic and Highway Engineering, by: Garber and Hoeli 9 - Traffic Engineering: Theory & Practice, by: Pignataro. 10-Asphalt Pavement Engineering, Theory & Practice, by: Wallace& Martin 1976. 11-Traffic Engineering & Transportation Planning, by: Kadiyali, 1987. 12-Highway Engineering, by: Khanna & Justo, 1978. 13-A Text Book on Highway Engineering & Airports, by: Bhanot & Sehgal, 1986. 14-Soil Mechanics for Road Engineers, TRRL, 1974. 15-Principles of Pavement Design, Yoder, 1975. 16-Route Location & Design, by: Hickerson, 1964. 17-Traffic Planning & Engineering, by Hobbs, 1979. 18-Highway Engineering, by: Oglesby & Hicks, 1975. 19-Highway Materials, by: Krebs 20-Transportation Engineering, by Paguette 21-Highway Engineering, by: R .Ashworth 22-Fundamentals of Transportation Engineering, by: Hennes. 23-Highway Planning Techniques, by: G.R.Wells. 24-The Design & Performance of Road Pavement, by: Groney. 25-Development in Highway Pavement Engineering, by: Pell. 26-Plane & Geodetic Surveying, by: Clark. 27-Highways, by: O.Flaherty, Vol.1&2, 1974. 28-Foundation Engineering, by: Leonards. 29-Bituminous Road Construction, Hand Book, by: Nairetez 30-Highway Capacity Manual (HCM), 2005. 31-Highway Materials, by: Harold M Soil and Concrete. 32-The Shell Bituminous, Hand book. 33-A Course on Highway Engineering, by: Bindra. 3 4 -Highway Engineering, by: Martin Rogers,2003. 3 5 -Highway Engineering, by: Dr. L.R. Kadyali&Dr.N.B.Lal,2008. 3 6 -Highways, by: C.A.O Flaherty,2006. 3 7 -Asphalt Hot-Mix Recycling, by: The Asphalt Institute,1986. 3 8 - Standard Specifications for Construction of Roads&Bridges for Federal Highway Projects, FP-96, 1996. 3 9 -Internet( for various update references).

University of Salahaddin - Hawler College of Engineering Civil Engineering Department

Time Table Third Year 2011- 2012

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