Professional Documents
Culture Documents
IUCN
The World Conservation Union
I
2 Review of the Legal and Policy Framework for Transboundary Natural Resource Management in Southern Africa
C o n t e n t s
LIST OF BOXES V
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS VII
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 1
INTRODUCTION 8
T BNRM Pa pe r 3
I3
II
PART II: RESOURCE MANAGEMENT 41
A WATER RESOURCES 42
1 International Water Law 42
2 Water and Human Rights 43
3 SADC Water Protocol 44
4 Basin and River Agreements 47
5 National Legislation 57
6 Customary Construction of Water Rights 61
7 Comment: Constraints and Opportunities 62
C MARINE RESOURCES 92
1 International Law 92
2 SADC Marine Sector 94
3 Co-operative Agreements 95
4 National Legislation 98
5 Comment 99
C CONCLUSION 117
REFERENCES 121
4IV Review of the Legal and Policy Framework for Transboundary Natural Resource Management in Southern Africa
LIST OF BOXES
BOX 1: EPUPA DAM - NAMIBIA 28
T BNRM Pa pe r 3
5V
LIST OF ABBRIVIATIONS
ADMADE Administrative Management and Design for Game Management
Areas (Zambia)
BCLME Benguela Current Large Marine Ecosystem
BNRMP Botswana Natural Resource Management Programme
CAMPFIRE Communal Areas Management Programme for Indigenous
Resources (Zimbabwe)
CAPCO Central African Power Corporation
CBD Convention on Biological Diversity
CBNRM Community-based Natural Resource Management
CITES Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of
Fauna and Flora
DBSA Development Bank South Africa
DRC Democratic Republic of the Congo
E Elangeni (Swaziland’s Currency)
EIA Environmental Impact Assessment
ELMS Environment Land Management System
FOREST PRINCIPLES Non-legally Binding Authoritative Statement
of Principles for a Global Consensus on the Management,
Conservation and Sustainable Development of All Types
of Forests
GEF Global Environment Facility
GKG Gaza-Kruger-Gonarezhou Transboundary Park
IBCC Interim Benguela Current Commission
IDP Internally Displaced People
IL International law
IMERCSA India Musokotwane Environment Resource Centre for
Southern Africa
IUCN The World Conservation Union
IUCN ROSA The World Conservation Union, Regional Office for
Southern Africa
LHWP Lesotho Highlands Water Project
LIFE Living In Finite Environments (Namibia)
MCC Maputo Corridor Company
MDC Maputo Development Corridor
NGO Non-governmental organisation
NRM Natural Resource Management
OKACOM Okavango River Basin Commission
OUZIT Okavango Upper Zambezi International Tourism
PCU Programme Co-ordinating Unit
PIC Prior Informed Consent
RAMSAR Convention on Wetlands of International Importance
RETOSA Regional Tourism Organisation of Southern Africa
SA South Africa
SACIM Southern African Center for Ivory Marketing
SACWM Southern African Convention for Wildlife Management
SADC Southern African Development Community
SADCC Southern African Development Consultative Conference
SDI Spatial Development Initiative
6VI Review of the Legal and Policy Framework for Transboundary Natural Resource Management in Southern Africa
SHARED
WATERCOURSES
PROTOCOL Protocol on Shared Watercourses Systems in the Southern
African Development (SADC) Region
SKPE Swaziland Komati Project Enterprise
TDA Transboundary Diagnostic Assessments
TBNRM Transboundary Natural Resource Management
TCU Tourism Co-ordinating Unit
TFCA Transfrontier Conservation Area
TFCA Transfrontier Conservation Area
TRR Traditional Resource Rights
UN United Nations
UNCED United Nations Conference for Environment and
Development, 1992
UN CONVENTION
ON WATER United Nations Convention on the Law of the Non-Navigational
Uses of International Water Courses
WILDLIFE
PROTOCOL Protocol on Wildlife Conservation and Law Enforcement in the
Southern African Development Community
WSTCU Wildlife Sector Technical Co-ordination Unit
WWF World Wildlife Fund
ZIMOZA Zimbabwe Mozambique Zambia Transboundary Natural Resource
Management Programme
ZRA Zambezi River Authority
T BNRM Pa pe r 3
7I
VI