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3 Leadership and Management a) Decision making process: centralized and decentralized decision making With regards to the decision making in the ward every employee or staff are given the chance to decide to whatever course of action must be done. These ideas are now generated by everybody (the nurse on duty, the doctors on duty, the fellow etc) to come up with the best, this decision process is called Brain storming(Benson).The staff were also seen utilizing Majority where the idea with greater vote will be implemented. During the shift (11-7) the nurse on duty has the greater contribution in the decision process; he/she now becomes the manager of the ward. This process is only applicable with the minute or moderate need for decision making. If incase the decision is not that reliable the decision process will now be reported in the immediate higher role which is the head nurse and follows to the chief nurse then the top management until a final decision is determined. b) Leadership style The leadership styles utilized in the ward are democratic and situational. Democratic in a sense that the workers are given a specified scope of freedom and autonomy but with minimal supervision in everything they do for providing quality care to their patient. An example is during the endorsement and during patient assignment where the nurse on duty provides the specific need and the case of the patient and allows the fellow and RN Heals employee to their task in their own convenient but acceptable manner. And situational because the administration and managers decide if a current situation is being faced. c) Formal and informal leaders-kind of power they utilize i. Chief nurse The chief nurse utilizes different kind of power in combination. This power includes legitimate power, where she is given the power by some kind of authority; power of reward where she uses this to motivate staff to do their work properly, the nurse provides psychological paycheck and other kind of reward to his workers. She also has referent power due to the admiration or respect given by her workers to her. This power comes from character, the values and integrity that a person represents. Aside from the mentioned power she also utilizes coordination power that she collaborates with the different department in the hospital geared towards patient care. At times the chief nurse utilize coercive power and punishment. ii. Head nurseThe same with the chief nurse the head nurse several powers. In the ward the head nurse collaborate with her staff and fellows, the obstetricians and physician as well as with the chief nurse and the different departments of the hospital utilizing coordination power. She also has legitimate power, referent and reward like the head nurse.

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Obstetricians or physicians Most of the doctors use collaborative power where they coordinate with other doctors and nurses. They also have legitimate power, coercive power, reward power like the chief and the head nurse. *the other leaders are not present during the ward analysis hence not observed.

d) Conflict and conflict resolution Problems are inevitable. Like other wards the ob ward faces some problems and conflicts among the personnel and even including the patients. First the personnel involves negotiate with each other and tries to fix it by themselves. If the conflict is not likely resolve within the persons involve the immediate higher rank will be joining the conflict resolution to resolve the problem. The other higher rank will follow if the problem or conflict were not resolve until it reaches the top manager to fix the conflict.

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