STRUCTURES FOUND IN ANIMAL CELL

1. Nucleus- The central and most prominent organelle, enclosed by a double

membrane.
***It is the director or control center of all cellular functions. It is also
important in protein synthesis and DNA replication.

2. Nuclear Membrane- made up of double membrane with inner and outer

membrane made of phospholipids bilayer and protein. It is
semipermeable to some substance but is permeable to Mrna, tRNA and
Rrna but impermeable to exit of DNA and chromosomes.
***It is for protection. Gives shape to the cell and encloses the nucleus
and nucleuplasm.

3. Nucleous- dark taining spherical body in the cell nucleus that contains
ribosomal RNA which functions for protein synthesis.
***For ribosomal formation andprotein synthesis

4. Rough Endoplasmic reticulum- membranous network of canals with

ribosomes attached on it(granular)
***a. Site of protein synthesis because of ribosomes attached to it
b. Transport of materials from ER to other parts of the cell.

5. Smooth Endoplasmic reticulum- Tubular canal structure with absence of

ribosomes
***a. Lipid synthesis
b. Drug detoxification
c. Carbohydrate synthesis
d. Calcium storage

6. Golgi Bodies- consists of a series of flattened membrane-bounded

cisternae, disk shaped that are stacked one on-top of the other.
Associated near the nucleus and Endoplasmic Reticulum
***a. Packaging of material
b. Forms secretion ex. Hormones, enzymes
c. It can form Lysosomes with digestive enzymes

7. Mitochondria- slender rods or filaments. Varied shape, can be oval or

sausage shape. Has 2 membranes, a folded structure called the matrix
and has oxidative enzymes.
***a. For cellular respiration
b. Powerhouse of the cell beause of ATP production
8. Lysosome- vesicle that can change shape. Contains hydrolytic enzymes
***a. for hydrolysis
b.recycles waste or damaged materials in the cell
c. Engulfs solid particles
d. Suicide bag fo autophagy

9. Vacuole- Empty sac and membrane bound space.

*** a. storage of materials
b. disposal site for metabolic waste product

10. Centrioles- made of two sets/ groups of microtubule, each group is 9 sets
of 3 short cylinders.
***a. forms basal bodies which give rise to microtubules
b. forms spindle fibers

11. Microtubule- composed of hollow tubes which make up the cytoskeleton.

***Forms cilia, flagella and centrioles

12. Polysome- string of ribosomes, also site of protein synthesis

13. Ribosome- Small particles, present in large numbers in every living cell,
whose function is to convert stored genetic information into protein
molecules.

14. Flagellum- a whip like structure for movement of the cell. It is composed of
microtubules.

15. Memranous pore and nuclear membrane- Small pores occurring when a
set of proteins form pores by aligning circularly, this pores are formed not
only in nuclear membrane but also in Cell Membrane.

16. Transport Vesicle- is varied in shape and is fuctioned to carry proteins

from 1 part of the cell to the other.

17. Nuclear pore- these are small pores occurring when a set of proteins form
pores by aligning circularly

18. Cytoskeleton- is a network of protein elements that extends throughout the

cytosol. The function is for supportive framework of the organelle inside
the cell and also.support the entire cell

19. Cytosol- Liquid solution of the cell. It is a Gel like solution.

Do’s

Before
* Punctuality must be observed
* Check proper attire
* Know what kind of party you are going
* Greet the host of the party for inviting you
* Eat before you go to the party
* Be Nice!!!

During
* Table manners must be observed
* Get enough food for yourself
* Use appropriate utensils
* Be assertive

After
* Thank the host before leaving
* Tell the host you enjoyed the party

Don’ts

Before
* Don’t be late
* Don’t bring unnecessary things in the party
* Don’t bring the whole family and uninvited persons
* Don’t forget your gifts and invitation card

During
* Don’t eat too much
* Don’t complain about the food
* Drink a lot if spirits are served
* Don’t make a fuss out of nothing

After
* Don’t bring home food
* Don’t leave the party without telling the host that your leaving.