CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION The Sun is a reliable, non-polluting and inexhaustible source of energy. Since the beginning of life on earth, the energy that was received by all living forms was radiated from the sun. It is the time now when the mankind is on a standpoint to again depend and rely upon the sun as the main source of energy.(Ibrahim, 2008) Solar power is an alternative technology that will hopefully lead us away from our petroleum dependent energy sources. The major problem with solar panel technology is that the efficiencies for solar power systems are still poor and the costs per kilo-watt-hour (kwh) are not competitive, in most cases, to compete with petroleum energy sources.(Samsuddin, 2010) In Philippines, the sun is always directly overhead and its intensity do not varies by season. This give a lot more advantage for us to use solar power compare with the place that have season. There are two most common type systems that always use for small building generated system the solar thermal system and photovoltaic system. The solar thermal system operate by convert the radiant energy of the sun into heat then use that heat to provide useful electric energy. On other hand, the photovoltaic system converts directly the sun radiant into useful electric energy, which can be used as most electrical energy in used today. Solar power systems are a sustainable way to convert the energy of the sun into electricity. The expected lifetime of a system is 25-30 years. This show how efficient is this system even it is quite expensive to install this system at the beginning. The amount of power produced by a photovoltaic panel depends upon the amount of sunlight it is exposed to. In order to capture more light produce by sun, the photovoltaic panel must constantly orient itself to the sun location. As there are still large rural areas here in our province that does not have electricity, a Solar PV system is an extremely relevant option for electrification. In this research the Photovoltaic System is the best solution on providing energy to those who need it, still some places here in Marinduque were not reach by utility grid therefore the Solar Photovoltaic System is the most suitable, it is the cleanest source of energy it has no moving parts, minimal maintenance, clean, silent and no pollution. In area where the experiment conducted the distance of the houses was about 500 meters apart, this is the reason why the location was not connected with electricity. The purpose of the study is to design a specific design for load and guide in installation operation and maintenance of the system. The study evaluate the cost and the feasibility if the photovoltaic system can be build in the target area considering the factors affecting the operation of photovoltaic system like the geographical location, sunlight intensity and angle of tilt. Base on PAGASAs scientific analysis the irradiance of the sun in our province is sufficient. The researcher found out that in order to harness the maximum energy from the sun the angle must be 16.52 facing south.

Statement of the Problem This is intended to investigate the potential used of Individual Photovoltaic System for Houses for Brgy. Tigiuion. In this study sought to answer the following questions:
1. Can photovoltaic solar power sufficiently meet the power requirements of houses in

Brgy. Tiguion?
2. What are the benefits that can get by the resident of Brgy. Tiguion from Stand-Alone

Photovoltaic System? 3. What is the preferred design of Stand-Alone Photovoltaic System in Brgy. Tiguion? 4. What is the economic status of the residents of Brgy. Tiguion?

Significance of the Study The researcher conducted the study to examine the cost and feasibility of using solar power to supply electricity in the remote communities which are not reached viably by the conventional grid and through domestic lighting it will enhance the standard of living of the residents. The study analyzes the available solar equipment and technologies coupled with requirements for operation, installation and maintenance of such system. Lastly, this study also gives way to educate residents and serves as reference to other that will conduct the same study in future.

Scope and Limitation This research was focused primarily on the electrification of individual houses in remote area of Brgy. Tiguion. The study intended to supply energy to the houses which are not reached by the conventional grid. The study is designed for specific design to compute the preferred load that is suitable in operation of Photovoltaic System. In this study the financial status of the residents is also tackle to determine if they can purchase solar panel array.