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Sample proportion
Standard error of
Assumptions: Sample of n independent measurements of any BINARY variable Check for normality : Confidence Interval o Level of C confidence (
where: then Assumptions: Sample of n independent measurements of any BINARY variable Check for normality :
has a
Assumptions: Set of n independent observations of a variable [use SRS] Distribution of the variable is approx. normal o CLT: dont use t-test for small or moderate as it doesnt work well. Does work well for large sample Confidence Interval for the MEAN ( unknown): o o o Level of C confidence (
from Assumptions: Set of n independent observations of a variable Distribution of variable is approx. normal
under null
where:
Assumptions: 2 samples are independent of each other Each sample consists of independent observations of a variable The distribution of each variable is approx. normal (in reality -test works even if no normal) Both X_1 and X_2 have same std. dev. () Confidence Interval for the mean difference o o o Level of C confidence = ( )
where from Assumptions: 2 samples are independent Sample consists of independent observations Distribution of each variable is approx. normal Both have same IF STD. DEV. NOT EQUAL use F-TEST PAIRED -test: o If the sets of data are NOT INDEPENDENT not appropriate to conduct 2 sample t-test i.e. o
vs.
Hypothesis Test:
Test Statistic:
under null
from Assumptions: Set of n independent observations of a variable Distribution of paired difference is approx. normal
CHI-SQUARE DISTRIBUTION o Indexed by degrees of freedom o o Not symmetrical right skewed Hypothesis Test: o o o o o o Expected Counts: Under has a CHI-SQUARE DISTRIBUTION | | (Table top right)
vs.
Assumptions: observations are independent sample size is large enough that all expected counts NOTE: for small draw similar to exponential curve; as increases graph spreads out