iiiiiiniiiwiini'g'

THE UNITED STATES STRATEGIC BOMBING SURVEY

Shoda Engineering Company

(Shoda Seisakujo)

CORPORATION REPORT NO. XVI

(Components)

AIRCRAFT DIVISION
Date of Survey:
31 October 1945
1

September 1946

THE UNITED STATES STRATEGIC BOMBING SURVEY

Shoda Engineering Company

(Shoda Seisakujo)

CORPORATION REPORT NO. XVI

(Components)

AIRCRAFT DIVISION
Date of Survey:
31 October 1945
1

September 1946
Cv-

^W

S.Vi

x-vpi

oVo 7^^

H6

This report was written primarily for the use of the U. S. Strategic in the preparation of f uither reports of a more comprehensive Any conclusions or opinions expressed in this report must be considered nature. as limited to the specific material covered and as subject to further interpretation in the light of further studies conducted by the Survey.

Bombing Survey

11

FOREWORD
Strategic Bombing Survey was established by tlic Secretary of War on 3 Novempursuant to a directive from the late President Roosevelt. Its mission was to conduct an ber 1944, impartial and expert study of the effects of our aerial attack on Germany, to be used in connection with air attacks on Japan and to establish a l)asis for evaluating the importance and potentialities of air power as an instrument of military strategy, for planning the future development of the United States armed forces, and for determining future economic policies with respect to the national defense. A summary report and some 200 suppoiting reports containing the findings of the Survey in CJermany

The United States

have been published.

effects of all

of

August 1945, President Ti-uman requested that the Survey conduct a similar study of the types of air attack in the war against Japan, submitting reports in duplicate to the Secretary War and to the Secretary of the Navy. The officers of the Survey during its Japanese phase were: Franklin D'Olier, Chairman. Paul H. Nitze, Henry C. Alexander, Vice Chairmen. Harry L. Bowman, J. Kenneth Galbraith,
15

On

Rensis Likert,

Frank A. McNamee,

Jr.,

Fred Searls, Jr., Monroe E. Spaght, Dr. Lewis R. Thompson, Thoedore P. Wright, Directors.
W^alter Wilds, Secretary.

military

The for 300 civilians, 350 officers, and 500 enlisted men. segment of the organization was drawn from the Army to the extent of 60 percent, and from Both the Army and the Navy gave the Survey all possible assistthe Navy to the extent of 40 percent. The Survey operated from headqvuirters ance in furnishing men, supplies, transport, and information. established in Tokyo early in September 1945, with subheadquarters in Nagoya, Osaka, Hiroshima and Nagasaki, and with mobile teams operating in other parts of Japan, the islands of the Pacific, and the The Survey's complement provided
Asiatic mainland.
It was possible to reconstruct much of wartime Japanese military planning and execution, engagement by engagement, and campaign by campaign, and to secure reasonably accurate statistics on Japan's economy and war production, plant by plant, and industry by industry. In addition, studies were conducted on Japan's over-all strategic plans and the background of her entry into the war, the internal discussions and negotiations leading to her acceptance of unconditional surrender, the course of health

and morale among the civilian population, the effectiveness of the Japanese civilian defense organization, and the effects of the atomic bombs. Separate reports will be issued covering each phase of the study. The Survey interrogated more than 700 Japanese military, government, and industrial officials. It also recovered and translated many documents which not only have been useful to the Survey, but Arrangements have been made to turn over the Siualso will furnish data valuable for other studies. vey's files to the Central Intelligence Grouj), through which they will be available for further examination and distribution.

Ill

TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page

THE CORPORATION AND ITS IMPORTANCE IN THE CRAFT INDUSTRY THE AIR ATTACKS PRODUCTION STATISTICS EVALUATION OF PRE-ATTACK INTELLIGENCE APPENDIX A. Location of Main Plant and Dispersal Sites

AIR1

2
2 2

4
5 3

B. Employment Data, 1943-45 Employment Statistics 1 943-45 1 I. Raw Material Shortages Aluminum and AlumiC.
2. 3. 4.

num Alloys Raw Material Shortages Magnesium

Material Shortages

6
7

Raw Raw

Copper

8 9

D.

2. 3.

Material Shortages Statistics Production of Homare Cylinder Heads Production of Tempu Cylinder Heads Homare and Tempu Cylinder Heads Statistics

10
11

12

IV

THE CORPORATION AND

IMPORTANCE IN THE AIRCRAFT INDUSTRY

ITS
Organization and Operation
Scisa-

Introduction

The Shoda Engineering Works (Shoda

l.iijo),
|);iiiy

a small independent manufacturing

com-

Japanese aircraft manufacturing unit Idiated at Mitaka Township, in the Tokyo I'lcfecture, about 10 miles west of the Imperial I';ihice (Appendix A).
of

minor importance

in the

iiKhistvy, consisted of a single

The Shoda Company was individually owned and operated by Jukichi Shoda. Capitalization, at the time of surrender, was about 4,000,000 yen. The plant occupied a site of about 1,234,000 square feet, of which 219,000 sc^uare feet was
building area.
Industrial equipment consisted of 451 machines,
of the following categories:

Shoda pi'odueed cylinder

.",

iieads

for less

than
cast,

percent of

all

aircraft

engines

made between
it

Machine
Electrical

tools

Inly

1943 and August 1945.

lined,

Specifically,

liiiimied,
li(

and

rough-finished

cylinder

equipment Pneumatic machinery

Metallurgical furnaces Testing equipment

ads for the

1

Homare and Tempu

engines.

305 35 32 55 24

June and July 1945, after the nearby Musashi of tlie Nakajima Corporation was desiKiyed by bombing, Shoda heat-treated (quenched and annealed) connecting rods for Nakajima. I)iiring this period about 22,400 connecting rods
II

Employment

in the

Shoda Company increased

WDrks

were thus processed.

In the non-aircraft
various-sized
ternal
field,

Shoda inanufaclureil

from about 800 in January 1943 to 1,850 at the time of the suirender. These totals include all employees no detailetl bri'ak-down data for aircraft and non-aircraft operations were available. However, toward the end of the war, about 32 percent of the total employees were engaged in

2-horsepower incombustion engines used for portable radio sets, and 13-liorsepower outboard and 40horsepower inboard engines for marine craft.
nuts
bolts,

and

the

manufacture

of

cylinder

heads.

Of

this

amoiuit, about 28 percent worked on the 1930 to 0730 night shift and 72 percent worked on the

The company was

1933.
to the non-aircraft

established on 3

December
In

Prior to July 1942, production was limited

field

mentioned above.

July 1942 orders were received from the Munitions Ministry to establish a cylinder

0730 to 1930 day shift. The use of student labor was begun in April 1944; the proportion averageil about 23 percent Soldier labor was used only in the of the total. final 4 months beginning May 1945, varying

plant
in

in

addition plant

to

the

head casting then existing shops.

from 1 to 3 percent of the total employment (Appendices B and B-1).

Construction
this

was completed and work began on the first Nakajima order in

The Dispersal Program

July 1943.

(iovernment controls were largely localized. The Engine Section of the Aircraft Production Board of the Munitions Ministry allocated materials and production quotas; these details were administered by the local Kanto and Shinetsu Munitions Ministry. of the District Offices Labor requirements wer(> obtained from the Labor Section of the Welfare Department.

Somewhat prior to the Munition Ministry's 4 April 1945 dispersal order to the Japanese aircraft industry, Shoda had moved 36 sets of machine
the nearby Yamamura Industry Company's plant at Mure, in Mitaka Township. Cylinder head finishing was carried out there. Thirty-seven sets of machine tools were moved
tools to
to the Jindai

Wood Works,

at the village of Jindai

in

Tokyo

Prefectm-e.

Macliine-finishing of the
1

radio set
there.

iiitenial

combustion engines was done

PRODUCTION STATISTICS
Maximum
tions in

As

a result of the onler of 4 April 1945,

Shoda

productive
1943,
rose

capacity
steadily

of

Homare

purchased a 60-acre tract of land at Shinkoji, in Tsurukawa village, about 9 miles to the south (Appeiulix A). Shoda's plans were to move the entire plant to a combined underground-camouflaged factory at that location. Construction was begun in April, but imtil the surrender, only the access road had been repaired, about 100 yards of tunnel dug, and 84 machine tools moved
to the dispersal site.

cylinder heads, from inception of casting opera-

July

from 400 per

month until a constant montlJy figure of 4,000 was reached in July 1944. Capacity for the Tempu Ha23 cylintler head rose from an initial 200 per month in May 1944, to 400 in August
1944, far below planned output (Appendix D-1,
2, 3).

THE AIR ATTACKS

Attack on Plant

Government ordei's for Homare cylinder heads were less than plant capacity until April 1944, and except for a slight excess demand during the following 3 months, very closely approximated
the capacity thereafter.

In the case of the

Tempu

The Shoda Engineering Works was

lected

neither se-

nor attacked as a primary target.

The
1945,

plant, however, sustained one air attack, an in-

cendiary raid at 2230 hours on 25

May

which was part of an area attack. Two lumber mills were completely burned and two woodworking machines and some semifinished and finished material stocks were destroyed. The company gymnasium was damaged. However, no part of the company's cylinder head production shops

government demands grossly exceeded In June capacity of manufacture at all times. and July of 1944, this excess was more than 650 percent of plant capacity (Appendix D-2). Actual production of the Homare head inhead,
creased steadily until July 1944,
thereafter.

when

maximum

of 4,032 units were made, anil gradually declined

was

hit or otherwise affected.

Attacks on

Urban Areas
Tokyo- Yokohama
urban

Attacks against the

areas increased the difficulties which the

of

company

Actual production the reached planned and capacity level in only that 1 month (Appendix D-1). This difference between planned and actual production was due to (a) failure of the Munitions Ministry to provide promised blowers and melting and drying furnaces, and (b) shortages in supply of aluminum and alumi-

experienced in obtaining raw materials, the supply

num

alloy stocks.

which had already begun to be erratic as early as January 1944 (Appendix C-1, 2, 3, 4). Shortages of critical items (aluminum alloys, magnesium, and copper) were felt by the aircraft industry before the air raids on Japan Proper but the
disruption of transportation delaj'ed the delivery
of

The production
tools

project of the

Tempu

head was

a complete and dismal failure because machine

of

and equipment promised by the Ministry Munitions could not be obtained. This project

accordingly was discontinued after

December

1944.

The Tempu

cylinder heads also were principally

what supplies
in

existed

and

precipitated

the

for trainer planes

and due
the

to the increasing need

decline

production.

From January

1944 to

for larger engines, this factor

in

may have
to

entered
its

the end of the war, only about 40 percent of the

to

bring al)out

rlecision

abandon

requirements for these items were received by

production.

Shoda (Table
Table
1.

1).

Hdw

material

shoTtages

(Janunri/

194-i~

August 1945)
Aluminum
and alumi-

A contributing factor to production slow-downs was the increasingly frequent air attack alarms. During these alerts, workers sought shelter and work was suspended.

Magnesium

Copper

num
Required Received.
Shortage
_

alloys

EVALUATION OF PRE-ATTACK
INTELLIGENCE
Group information on the Shoda Works was uncertain and incomEngineering Joint Target Group reported: (n trainer plete.
Joint Target
)

TniiR
2.

Tons
34.3 15.6 18.7
93.

478. 4

890.0 1.58.4

42.0 51.0

Note .\mount recfived included materials required and used for the raanufaclure of nonaireraft (iroducts; no detailed break-down of this data was available. The item "required," however, was amoimt needed only for cylmder head manufacture.

aircraft

and

aircraft

engines

produced

by the

lodii

Aiicral't

Company

but,

in

tlic

.saiiic

scii-

.SIIODA, Al'I'KXDIX U-1

Kiiiplnijiiinit ilulii

by suggesting only );iits manuraetiirc and subassembly opei'atioiis, li) the Mitaka Aircraft Company and Nakajima Experimental Station at this approximate location, ind (e) Mitsubishi taking over the Shoda plant. The following findings were determined to be orreet, in contrast to the intelligence data
.'iicc,

qualidcil this statement

itated
iigines,

above:
or
(b)

(a)

No

trainer

aircraft,

aircraft

subassemblies

were

produced

by

^lioda.

Mitaka Aircraft Company was an

plant.

nilependent organization, located adjacently to

lie

Shoda

Air

Photo

of

Joint

Target

Iroup Information Sheet shows both companies

ocated as one unit,

(c)

There was no Nakajima

interests
in

l'Al)erimental Station located at or near this site.

il)

Mitsubishi had

no

the

Shoda

'onipany.

Target Group Information data as to exact location iiid activities of Shoda, no serious omission re-ulted since it correctly analyzed Shoda as ocupying a relatively unimportant position in the

Although

this Joint

-licet

was incorrect

in its

ircraft industry.

Q Z
UJ 0. a.

< < Q O X

</)

o o o o
(0
111

tn

I-

o
=
I-

a:

o I o
Zi

OJ

z o

SHODA ENGINEERING WORKS RAW MATERIALS SHORTAGES

16

14

12

tn

z o

10

SHODA

ENGINEERING

WORKS

RAW

MATERIALS SHORTAGES

35

30

25

z o
20

SHODA, APPENDIX C-4

Raw
Materials Shortages

SHODA, APPENDIX D-3

Homare

& Tempii Cylinder Head Production, Shoda Engineering Works, July 194S-August 1945

UNITED STATES STRATEGIC BOMBING SURVEY

LIST OF
The following is a bibliography of reports resulting from the Survey's studies of the European and Pacific wars. Certain of these reports may be purchased from the Superintendent of Documents at the Government Printing Ofhw, Washington, D. O. I'ermission to examine the remaining reports may be had by writing to the Headquarters of the Survey at Gravelly Point, Washington 25, D. (".

REPORTS
21

Vereinigte Deutsche Metallwerke, Hildesheim, Ger-

many
22 23
24
2")

Metallgus.sgesellschaft

Alumininmwerk G Germany
Gebrneder Giulini
Luft.schifCbau

GmbH,

Leipzig,
2,

Germany
Bittcrfeld,

b H, Plant No.

(! m b H, Ludwigshafen, Germany Zeppelin Friedrichshafen on Bodensee, Germany

GmbH,

European

War

26 27 28
29 30
'

Wieland Werke A G, Ulm, Germany Rudolph Rautenbach Leichmetallgiessereien,

gen,

Solin-

OFFICE OF THE CHAIRMAN

1

Germany

Lippewerke Vereinigte Aluminiumwerke A G, Lunen,

2
3

The United States Strategic Bombing Survey: Summary Report (European War) The United States Strategic Bombing Survey: Overall Report (European War) The Effects of Strategic Bombing on the German War Economy

Germany
Vereinigte Deutsche Metallwerke, Heddernheim, Ger-

many
Duerenei- Metallwerke

G,

Duren Wittenau-Berlin

& Waren, Germany

AREA STUDIES DIVISION

31

AIRCRAFT DIVISION
(By Division and Branch)
4
5

32 33

Area Studies Division Report A Detailed Study of the Efitects of Area Bombing

Aircraft Division Industry Report Inspection Visits to Various Targets

A
A

Special KeiMJrl

34

Airframes Branch
6
7 8

35
36

A A
A

Junkers Aircraft and Aero Engine Works, Dessau,

Germany
Erla Maschinenwerke

GmbH, Helterbllck, Germany

A T G

Maschinenbau,

GmbH,

Leipzig (Moekau),

37
38 39

Germany
9
.10

12 13 14

Gothaer Waggonfabrik, A G, Gotha, Germany Focke AVulf Aircraft Plant, Bremen, Germany iver-all Report Part A Part B Appendices I. II, III i( Dornier Works, Friedrichshafen & Munich, Germany Gerhard Fieseler Werke G m b H, Kassel, Germany Wiener Neustaedter Flugzeugwerke, Wiener Neustadt, Austria

on Hamburg Detailed Study of the Effects of Area Bombing on Wuppertal Detailed Study of the Effects of Area Bombing on Dusseldorf Detailed Study of the Effects of Area Bombing on Solingen Detailed Study of the Effects of Area Bombing on Remscheid. Detailed Study of the Effects of Area Bombing on Darmstadt Detailed Study of the Effects of Area Bombing on Lubeek Brief Study of the Effects of Area Bombing on Berlin, Augsburg, Bochum, Leipzig, Hagen, Dortmund, Oberhausen, Schweinfurt, and Bremen

CIVILIAN DEFENSE DIVISION

40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47
Civilian Defen.se Division

Final Report
I,

Aero Engines Branch

15

Cologne Field Report BoiHi Field Report Hanover Field Report

Bussing

NAG

Flugmotoren werke

GmbH,
&

BrunsTaucha,

Hamburg Field ReportVol Bad Oldesloe Field Report

Test

Vol

II,

Exhibits

16
17

wick, Germany Mittel-Deutsclie Motorenwerke

GmbH,

Augsburg Field Report Reception Areas in Bavaria, Germany

Germany
Bavarian Motor Works
Inc,

Eisenach

Durrerhof,

EQUIPMENT DIVISION
Electrical

Germany
18
19

Bayerische Motorenwerke

A G (BMW)

Munich, Ger48 49

Branch

many
Henschel FIngmotorenwerke, Kassel, Germany
Light Metal Branch
Optical and Precision Instrument Branch
20

German Electrical Equipment Industry Report Brown Boveri et Cie, Mannheim Kafertal, Germany

Light Metals Industry /Part of tlermany (Part

1.

Aluminum II, Magnesium

50

Optical and Precision Instrument Industry Report

13

Abrasives Branch
51 52

Submarine Branch
92 93

The German Abrasive Industry Mayer and Sclimidt, Offenbach on Main, Germany
Anti-Friction Branch

German Submarine Industry Report

Maschinenfabrik
burg,

Augsburg-Nurnberg

G,

Augs-

Germany

33

The German Anti-Friction Bearings Industry

Machine Tools Branch

94 95
96 97 98 99 100

Blohm and Voss Shipyards, Hamburg, Germany Deutschewerke A G, Kiel, Germany

Deutsche Sehiff und Maschinenbau, Bremen, Ger-

54 55 56 57 58

Machine Tools & JIucliinery as Capital Equipment Machine Tool Industry in Germany Herman Kolb Co, Cologne, Germany Collet and Engelhard, Offenbach, Germany Naxos Union, Frankfort on Main, Germany

Krupp Germaniawerft. Kiel, Germany Howaldtswerke A G, Hamburg, Germany Submarine Assembly Shelter, Farge, Germany Bremer Vulkan, Vegesack, Germany
Friedrich

many

Ordnance Branch
101 102 103 104 105 103 107 108

MILITARY ANALYSIS DIVISION

59 60
81

Ordnance Industry Report Friedrich Krupp Grusonwerke

A G

Magdeburg,

The Defeat of tlie German Air Force V-Weapons (Crossbow) Campaign

Air Force Rate of Operation Weather Factors in Combat Bombardment Operations in the European Theatre Bombing Accuracy, USAAF Heavy and Medium

Germany Bochumer Verein

fuer Gusstahlfabrikation

G, Bo-

62 63
64

chum, Gei-many Henschel & Sohn, Kassel, Germany

Bombers in the ETO Description of RAF Bombing

Iniiiact of the Allied

04a The

Air Effort on

German Lo-

gistics

Germany Hermann Goering Werke, Braunschweig, Hallendorf, Germany Hannoverische Maschinenbau, Hanover, Germany Gusstahlfabrik Friedrich Krupp, Essen, Germany
Rheinmetall-Borsig, Dusseldorf,

MORALE DIVISION
64b

OIL DIVISION
109 110 111
Oil Division, Final Report Oil Division, Final Report.

The

Effects of Strategic

Bombing on German Morale

Appendix Powder, Explosives, Special Rockets and Jet Propellants. War Gases and Smoke Acid (Ministerial Report #1) Underground and Dispersal Plants in Greater Ger-

Medical Branch
65
Tlie in

Effect of Bomliing on Health and Medical Care

Germany

MUNITIONS DIVISION
Heavy Industry Branch
66 67 68
6'.J

112

many
113

The German

The Coking Industry Report on Germany

Priedricli-Alfreil Huette,

Coking Plant Report No. 1, Sections A, B, 0, Gutelioffnungshuette, Oberhausen, Germany

lUieinhausen,

& D

114

Oil Industry, Ministerial Report 78 Ministerial Report on Chemicals

Team

Germany
115

Oil

Branch

70
71 72 73 74

Neunkircheu Eisenwerke

G, Neunkirchen, Ger-

Reichswerke Hermann Goering

G,

Hallendorf,

Ammoniakwerke Merseburg many 2 Appendices

Germany
Friedrich

116
117 118

Braunkohle Benzin
Wintershall

August Tlivssen Huette

krupp A

A G, G, Borbeck Plant, Essen, GerG, Dortmund,

Hamborn, Germany

A G. Zeitz and Bohlen, Germany G, Luetzkendorf, Germany Ludwigshafen-Oppau Works of I G Farbeuindustrie

A
Ruhroel Hydrogenation Plant, Bottrop-Boy, Germany Vol. I, Vol II Rhenania Ossag Mineraloelwerke A G, Harburg Re
flnery,

GmbH,

Leuna, Ger

Dortmund Hoerder Huettenverein, A Germany 75 Hoesch A G, Dortmund, Germany 76 Bochumer Vereiu fuer Gusstahlfabrikation A Bochum, Germany
Motor Vehicles and Tanks Branch
77 78 79 80 81 82 S3

many

G, Ludwig-shafen,

Germany

119
G,

Hamburg, Germany

120
121 122
123

German Motor Vehicles Industry Report Tank Industry Report Daimler Benz A G, Unterturkheim, Germany Renault Motor Vehicles Plant, Billaneourt, Paris Adam Opel, Russelsheim, Germany

Rhenania O.ssag Mineraloelwerke A G, Grasbrook Refinery, Hamburg, Germany Rhenania Ossag Jlineraloehverke A G, Wilhelmsburg Refinery, Hamburg, Germany Gewerkschaft Victor, Castrop-Rauxel, Germany, Vol
I & Vol II Europaeische Tanklager und Transport

G,

Ham-

Daimler Benz-Gaggenau Works, Gaggenau, Germany Maschinenfabrik Augsburg-Nurnberg, Nurnberg, Ger-

124
12.1

Germany Ebano Asphalt Werke A burg, Germany

burg,

G,

Harburg Refinery,

Ham
I

84 85
86 87
8.S

Auto Union A G, Chemnitz and Zwickau, Germany

many

Meerbeck Rheinpreussen Synthetic Oil Plant

Vol

&

Vol II

89 90
91

Henschel & Sohn, Kassel, Germany Maybach Motor Works, Friedrichshafen, Germany Volgtiander, Maschinenfabrik A G, Plauen, Germany Volkswiigenwerke, Fallersleben, Germany Bussing XAG, Brunswick, Germany Muehlenbau iTidustrie A G (Miag) Brunswick, Ger-

Rubber Branch
126
Deutsclie

Dunlop

Gummi

Co.,

Hanau on Main,

Germany
127 128 120

many
Friedrich

Krupp Grusonwerke, Magdeburg, Germany

Continental Gumniiwerke, Hanover, Germany Huels Synthetic Rubber Plant Ministerial Report on German Rubber Industry

14

Propellants Branch
Elt'ktincheraischewerke,
ScliociiclxH'k

184
].S.">

Daimler-Benz
Syrilliclic
(

G,

Mannheim, Germany
.Mi'iM-lii'ik-IlaMiliurg,

lil

I'lanl,

Germany

Munkh, Germany

Expldsivp ri.'uit. liisiiose Sprengstoff Wi'ikp G m b H, B.'id Siilzcmcn, Germany Plants of Dynamit A G, Vormal, Alfred Nobel & Co, Tfoisiiorf, Clausthal, Dniinmol and Duneberg,

186 187 188

IS!)

Gewerkschaft Victor, Castrop-Rauxel, Germany Klockner Humboldt Deulz, Ulm, Germany

Hydrogeiiation Plant, Bottrop-Boy, Germany Neukirclien Eisenwerke A G, Neukirclien, Germany Railw.iy Viaduct at Altenbecken, Germany
Ituhi-oel

100
1!)1

Germany
Deutsche Sprengcliemie

G m

b H, Kraiburg, (iermany

lie
19.3

OVERALL ECONOMIC EFFECTS DIVISION

Overall Economic Effects Division Report papers Gross National Product 1 Special vehich together Kriegseilberiehte ,_.! the comprise Herman Goering Works Food and Agriculture above report Industrial Sales Hitput and Productivity
| I

194
19.^1

Railway Viaduct at Arnsburg, Germany Deurag-Nerag Refineries, Misburg, Germany Fire Raids on German Cities I G Farbenindustrie, Ludwigsliafen, Germany, Vol

&
196 197 198 199
I

Vol II

in Marshalling Yard, Ulm, Germany Farbendustrie, I^everkusen, Germany Chemische-Werke, Huels, Germany Gremberg Marshalling Yard, Gremhcrg, Germany

Roundhouse

Locomotive Shoiis and

liriilgcs at

H.-uriiii.

(icr-njaiiy

PHYSICAL DAMAGE DIVISION

200
I'liysical

TRANSPORTATION DIVISION
Effevts of Strategic Bombing on German Transportation Rail Operations Over the Brenner Pass Effects of Bombing on Railroad Installations in

The

Damage

Division Reiiort

(ETC)
201 202

Villacoublay Airdrome, Paris, France Railroad Repair Yards, JIalines, Belgium Railroad Repair Yards, Lnuvain, Belgium Raili-oad Repair Yards. Ilasselt, Belgium Railioad Repair Yards, Namur, Belgium Submarine Pens, Brest, France Powder Plant, Angouleme, France Powder Plant, Bergerac, France Coking Plants, Montigny & Liege, Belgium Fort St. Blaise Verdun Group, Metz, France

Regensburg, Nurnberg and Munich Divisions.

203 204

German Locomotive Industry During German Military Railroad Traffic

the

War

UTILITIES DIVISION
205 206 207 208

German
1

Gnome

Rhone. Limoges, France Miclielin Tire Factory, Clermont-Ferrand, France Gnome et Rhone Aero Engine Factory, Le Mans, France Kugelflscher Bearing Ball Plant, Ebelsbach, Germany Louis Breguet Aircraft Plant, Toulouse, France S. N. C. A. S. E. Aircraft Plant, Toulouse, France A. 1. A. Aircraft Plant, Tcjulouse, France
et

Electric Utilities Industry Report to 10 in Vol I "Utilities Division Plant 11 lo 20 in Vol II "Utilities Division Plant

Reports" Reports"

21 liheinische-Westfalisclie Elektrizitaetswerk

A G

Pacific

War

OFFICE OF THE CHAIRMAN

Summary Report
The
Effects of

V Weapons

City Area Public Air Raid Shelters in Germany GoUleuberg Thermal Electric Power Station, Knapsack, Germany Brauweiler Transformer & Switching Station, Brauweiler,

in London of Krefeld

Japan's Struggle to

(Pacific War) End Tlie War

Atomic Bombs on Hiroshima and

Nagasaki

CIVILIAN STUDIES
Civilian Defense Division

Germany

Storage Depot, Jsalibollenbach,

Germany
Field Report Covering Air Raid Protection and Allied Subjects, Tokyo, Japan Field Report Covering Air Raid Protection and Allied
Sub.iects.

Railway and Road P.ridge, Bad Munster, Germany Railway Bridge, Eller, Germany Gustlolf-Werke Weimar, Weimar, Germany
Henschell &
Soliii

G m

b H, Kassel,

Germany

Nagasaki, Japan

Area Survey at Pirma.sens. Germany Hauomag, Hanover, Germany

MAN Werke Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany

Friedrich Krupp A G, Essen, Germany Erla Maschinenwerke. G m b H, Heiterblick, Germany A T G Maschinenlmu G m b H, Mockau, Germany Erla Maschinenwerke G m b H, Mockau, Germany Bayerische Motorenwerke, Durrerhof, Germany Mittel-Deutsche Motorenwerke G m b H, Taucha,

10
11

Germany
Submarine Pens Deutsche-Werft, Hamburg, Germany
Multi-Storied Structures, Hamburg, Germany Continental GummiwerUe, Hanover, Germany Kassel Marshalling Yards, Kassel, Germany Anunoniawerke, Mei'seburg-Leuna, Germany Brt)wn Boveri et Cie, Mannheim, Kafertal, Germany Adam Opel A G, Russelsheim, Germany Daimler-Benz A G, Unterturkheim, Germany Valentin Submarine Assembly, Farge, Germany Volkswaggonwerke, Fallersleben, Germany

Field Report Covering Air Raid Protection and Allied Subjects, Kyoto, Japan Field Report Covering Air Raid Protection and Allied Subjects, Kobe, Japan Field Report Covering Air Raid Protection and Allied Subjects, Osaka, Japan Field Report Covei'iug Air Raid Protection and Allied Subjects, Hiroshima, Japan- -No. 1 Summary Report Covering Air Raid Protection and Allied Subjects in Japan Final Report Covering Air Raid Protection and Allied Subjects in Japan

Medical Division

Bombing on Health and Medical ServJapan IM The Effects of Atomic Bombs on Health and Medical Services in Hiroshima and Nagasaki
12

The

Effects of

ices in

Railway Viaduct at Bielefeld, Germany Ship Yards Howaldtswerlw, Hamburg, Germany Blolim and Voss Shipyards, Hamburg, Germany

Morale Division
14

The

Effects of Strategic

Bombing on Japanese Morale

15

ECONOMIC STUDIES
Aircraft Division

33

15 16

The Japanese Aircraft Industry Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd.

Corporation Report No. I (Mitsubishi Jukogyo KK) (Airframes & Engines) Naka.iima Aircraft Company. Ltd. Corporation Report No. JI
(Naliajinia Hilfoki

34

Nissan Automobile Company Corporation Report No. XVIII (Nissan Jidosha KK) (Engines) Army Air Arsenal & Navy Air Depots Corporation Report No. XIX (Airframes and Engines)

35

Japan Aircraft Underground

Corporation Report No.

17

XX

KK)
36
(_'oal

Basic Materials Division

(Airframes
18

&

Engines)

Kawanishi Aircraft Company Corporation Report No. Ill (Kawanislii Kokuki Kabusliiki Kaisha)
(Airframes)

and Metals

in

Japan's

War Economy

(Vol. I)

Capital Goods, Equipment and Construction Division

19

Kawasaki Aircraft Industries Company,

Corporation Report No.

Inc.

IV
Kogyo
Kabushiki

(Kawasaki

Kokuki

Kaisha) (Airframes & Engines)

20
Aichi Aircraft Company Corporation Report No. (Aichi Kokuki KK)

37 38 39

The Japanese Construction Industry Japanese Electrical Equipment

Tlie

Japanese Machine Building Industry

Electric

Power Division

V
40 41

21

(Airframes & Engines) Sumitomo Metal Industries, Propeller Division Corporation Report No. VI (Sumitomo Kinzoku Kogyo KK, Puropera
Seizosho) (Propellers) Hitachi Aircraft Comiiany Corporation Report No. VII (Hitachi Kokuki KK)

The The

Electric Electric ports)

Power Industry of Japan Power Industry of Japan (Plant ReCivilian Supplies Division
of Living

Manpower, Food and

42
zation of

The Japanese Wartime Standard

and

Utili-

Manpower

(Airframes & Engines)

23

Military Supplies Division 43 44 45 46 47 48

Japan International Air Industries, Ltd.

Corporation Report No. VIII (Nippon Kokusai Koku Kogyo KK) (Airframes) Japan Musical Instrument Manufacturing Company Corporation Report No. IX (Nippon Gakki Seizo KK)
(

24

Japanese War Production Industries Japanese Naval Ordnance Japanese Army Ordnance Japanese Naval Shipbuilding Japanese Motor Vehicle Industry Japanese Merchant Shipbuilding
Oil

Propellers

25

Tachikawa Aircraft Company

and Chemical Division

26

28

Corporation Report No. X (Tacliikawa Hikokl KK) (Airframes) Fuji Airplane Company Corporation Report No. XI (Fuji Hikoki KK) (Airframes) Showa Airplane (Jompany Corporation lit port No. XII (Showa Hikoki Kogyo KK) (Airframes) Ishikawajima Aircraft Industries Company, Ltd. Corporation Report No. XIII
I

4!) .50

'hemicals in Japan's
in

War

51 52

Japan's War Appendix Oil in Japan's War Appendix Oil in Japan's War

Chemicals

Overall Economic Effects Division

53
'I'he

Ik'Onomy

Bombing on Japan's War Including Ajipendix A: U. S. Economic Analysis and Comparison; Intelligence on Japan
Effects of Strategic
(

Isliikawajinia

Koku Kogyo Kabushiki

Appendix B: Gross National Product on Japan Statistical Appendix C and Its Components
:

Kaisha
(Engines) 29
NiiJpon Airplane Company Coriioratiun Report No. \I\

Sources).

Transportation Division
51

30

31

Xippnn Hikoki KK (Airframes) Kyushu Airplane Company Corporation. Report No. XV (Kyushu Hikoki KK) (Airframes) Shoda Engineering Company Corporation Report No. XVI (Shoda Seisakujo)
( I

The War Against Japanese Transportation, 19411945

Urban Areas Division

55 56 57
.">8

Effects of Air Attack on Japanese

(

Urban Economy

Summary Report
of Air

Effects

Attack on Urban Complex Tokyo-

32

(Components) Mitaka Aircraft Industries Corpora i<in Report No. XVII

I

Kawasaki- Yokohama
Effects of Air Attack on the City of Nagoya Effects of Air Attack on Osaka-Kobe-Kyoto Effects of Air Attack on the City of Nagasaki Effects of Air Attack on the City of Hiroshima

(Mil.-ika

Koku Kogyo

Kabusliiki Kaisha

(Components)

59 60

16

MILITARY STUDIES
Military Analysis Division

87

Report of Ships Bombardment Survey Party (Enclosun; I). Conmients and Data on Effectiveness
of

Ammunition

88
(il

62 63 64
05 66

Air Forces Allied with the United States in the War Against Japan Japanese Air Power Japanese Air Weapons and Tactics Tlie Effect of Air Action on Japanese Ground Army
Logistics

89

Report of Ships Bombardment Survey Party (Enclosure J), Comments and Data on Accuracy of Firing Rejwrts of Ships Bombardment Survey Party (Enclosure K). Effects of Surface Bombardments on Japanese War Potential
Physical

Employment

of Forces Un(l(>r the Southwest Pacific

Damage

Division

Command
The
bardment
67
Strategic Air Operations of Very Heavy Bomin the War A^'ainst Japan (Twentieth

60
91

Air Force) Air Operations in f'hina, Burma, India

II

World War
War
Against

68 69 70
71

The Air Transport Command

Japan

in

the

The Thirteenth Air Force in the War Against Japan The Seventh and Eleventh Air Forces in tlie War
Against Japan The Fifth Air Force
in the

92 93 94 95

War

Against Japan
96
I

Effect of the Incendiary Bomb Attacks on Japan (a Report on Eight Cities) The Effects of the Ten Thousand Pound Bomb on Japanese Targets (a Report on Nine Incidents) Eft'ects of the Atomic Bomb on Hiroshima, Japan Effects of the Atomic Bomb on Nagasaki, Japan Effects of the Four Thousand Pound Bomb on Japanese Targets (a Report on Five Incidents) Effects of Two Thousand, One Thousand, and Five Hundred Pound Bombs on Japanese Targets (a Report on Eight Incidents)

Naval Analysis Division

72
73 74 75 76

Report on Physical Report)

Damage

in

Japan (Summary

The Interrogations
II)

of Japanese Officials (Vols.

and
97 98 99 100
101

G-2 Division
Japanese Military and Naval Intelligence Evaluation of Photographic Intelligence in the Japanese Homeland, Part I, Comprehensive Report Evaluation of Photographic Intelligence in the Japanese Homeland, Part II, Airfields Evaluation of Photographic Intelligence in the Japanese Homeland, Part III, Computed Bomh Plotting Evaluation of Photographic Intelligence in the Japanese Homeland. Part IV, Urban Area Analysis Evaluation of Photographic Intelligence in the Japanese Homeland, Part V, Camouflage Evaluation of Photographic Intelligence in the Japanese Homeland, Part VI, Shipping Evaluation of Photographic Intelligence in the Japanese Homeland, Part VII, Eleetronies Evaluation of Photographic Intelligence in the Japanese Homeland. Part VIII, Bcarh Intelligence Evaluation of Photographic Intelligence in the Japanese Homeland, Part IX. Artillenj Evaluation of Photographic Intelligence in the Japanese Homeland, Part X, Roads and Railroads Evaluation of Photographic Intelligence in the Japanese Homeland, Part XI, Industrial Analysis

Campaigns of the Pacilic War The Reduction of Wake Island The Allied Campaign Against Rabaul The American Campaign Against Wotje, Maloelap, Mille, and Jaluit (Vols. I, II and III) 77 The Reduction of Truk 78 The Offensive Mine Laying Campaign Against Japan 79 Report of Ships Bombardment Survey Party Foreword, Introduction, Conclusions, and General

Summary
SO
81

82 S3 84 85 80

Report of Ships Bombardment Survey Party (Enclosure A), Kamaishi Area Report of Ships Bombardment Survey Party (Enclosure B), Hamamatsu Area Report of Ships Bombardment Survey Party (Enclosure C), Hitachi Area Report of Ships Bombardment Survey Party closure D). Hakodate Area Report of Ships Bombardment Survey Party closure E), Muroran Area Report of Ships Bombardment Survey Party closure F), Shimizu Area

102
103 104 105

(En-

(En(En-

106

107 108

Report of Ships Bombardment Survey Party (Enclosures G and H), Shionomi-Saki and NojimaSaki Areas

17
U
S.

GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE: 1946