Professional Documents
Culture Documents
dyx2007@ncepu.edu.cn
D321
2011/9/24
2002
200794%
,2007
295EB(Exabyte) 1EB1018
byte10GB
CD
2011/9/24
---
---
---TTL CMOS
---
1 01
201012
VHDL
204-206
207-209
70%30%
2011/9/24
A/D
2011/9/24
01
01
2011/9/24
5V
0V
1
0
H
L
3
b16
2011/9/24
Decimal
n- 1
ND =
i= - m
ki ? 10i
i
0-910
Binary
NB =
ki ? 2 i
i= - m
012
Octal
N O = (kn- 1kn- 2 k1k0 ?k- 1 k- m ) O
n- 1
NO =
ki ? 8i
i= - m
0-78
Hexadecimal
N H = (kn- 1kn- 2 k1k0 ?k- 1 k- m ) H
n- 1
NH =
i= - m
ki ? 16i
0123456789
ABCDE F16
0~9
10
10i
(N)D
(N)10
(N)B
(N)2
01
2i
0~7
8i
(N)O
(N)8
0~F
16
16i
(N)H
(N)16
N
n- 1
ki ? N
i= - m
2011/9/24
13
1-1 10011.101
(10011.101)B124023022121
120121022123
19.625)D
2011/9/24
14
2 ,
2
2
1-2(37.41)D
2-5
1 2
2
0
100101
2011/9/24
16
22
0.412=0.82 0
0.822=1.64 1
0.642=1.28 1
0.282=0.56 0
.01101
0.562=1.12 1
2-5-5
(37.41)D=100101.01101B
2011/9/24
17
1-375.3O
75.3o78158038-1
61.375)D
1-4(44.375)D
1 8
28
(44.375)D=(54.3)O
2011/9/24
18
1-5 AF.1H
AF.1H 1016115160116-1
175.0625)D
1-6 (154.375)D
1 16
2 16
2011/9/24
19
000
0
001
1
010
2
011
3
(374.26)O
100
4
=(011111100
.
101
5
010110)B
100110.01101B
110
6
=46.32O
111
7
2011/9/24
20
0000
0001
0010
0011
0100
0101
0110
0111
2011/9/24
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
1000
1001
1010
1011
1100
1101
1110
1111
8
9
A
B
C
D
E
F
(AF4.76)H
(AF4.76)H
= (101011110100 .
01110110)B
21
ASCII
2011/9/24
22
bit
2011/9/24
23
1
nN2n
0-9
2011/9/24
24
BCD
Binary-Coded-Dicimal
8421
5421
2421
0000
0000
0000
0011
0001
0001
0001
0100
0010
0010
0010
0101
0011
0011
0011
0110
0100
0100
0100
0111
0101
1000
1011
1000
0110
1001
1100
1001
0111
1010
1101
1010
1000
1011
1110
1011
1001
1100
1111
1100
8421BCD3
(258.369)D
(258.369)D =
(0010 0101 1000 . 0011
0110 1001)8421BCD
= (0101 1000 1011 . 0110 1001
1100)3
2011/9/24
26
0000
0000
1000
1100
0001
0001
1001
1101
0010
0011
10
1010
1111
0011
0010
11
1011
1110
0100
0110
12
1100
1010
0101
0111
13
1101
1011
0110
0101
14
1110
1001
0111
0100
15
1111
1000
2011/9/24
27
ASCII
ASCIIAmerican Standard Code
for Information Interchange
7
128
2011/9/24
28
ASCII
2011/9/24
29
2011/9/24
1 0
2011/9/24
ABH
A
B
H
2011/9/24
11F
0
2011/9/24
L = AB = AB
5
L=A+B
2011/9/24
0
1
1
0
L= A
2011/9/24
2011/9/24
2011/9/24
L = AB
2011/9/24
L = A+ B
10
2011/9/24
0 1
L = A? B
= AB + AB
11
2011/9/24
10
L = A B
= AB + AB
12
L = AB + CD
2011/9/24
13
t1
t2
t3
t4
L = AB + AB
&
&
1.
0-1
A+0=
A+1=
A+A=
A+B=B+A
A1=
A0=
AA=
AB=BA
A + B + C = (A + B) + C
A ( B + C ) = AB + AC
A B C = (A B) C
A + BC = ( A + B )( A + C )
A+A=
A A=
ABC = A + B + C , A + B + C = ABC
A + A ?BA
A ?( A B)A
A + A ?BA B ( A + B) ?( A C )A + BC
AB + AC + BC = AB + AC
AB + AC + BCD = AB + AC
2011/9/24
19
A+BC
= (A+B)(A+C)
A+B(CD) = (A+B)(A+CD)
= (A+B)(A+C)(A+D)
2011/9/24
20
0110
2011/9/24
21
1-12 L = AC + BD
L = ( A + C ) ?( B
1-13 L = A ?B
D)
C + D
L = A + B C D
2011/9/24
22
1.
011
0 L L
2011/9/24
23
2.
1-14 A + AB = A + B
A( A + B) = AB
A + AB
A+ B
2011/9/24
A( A + B)
AB
24
2011/9/24
25
A B C
2011/9/24
Y1 Y2
26
ABC
L1
01
0
2011/9/24
1
27
L=
? f ( A, B, C )
/0/1
2011/9/24
28
1.
nn
n
minterm
ABC , ABC , ABC ,
2011/9/24
AC , A( B + C )
29
:
ABC
ABC
ABC
ABC
ABC
ABC
ABC
ABC
ABC
11
20
2011/9/24
31
30
2.
10
L(A,B,C), L(A,C,B)
2011/9/24
31
3.
2011/9/24
32
1-15 L = AB + AC
L( A, B, C ) = AB + AC = AB (C + C ) + AC ( B + B)
= ABC + ABC + ABC + ABC
= m7 + m6 + m3 + m1
LACBLBCALBAC
2011/9/24
33
1-16
2011/9/24
1
34
1.
nMn
n
M
A + B + C,
2011/9/24
A + B + C,
A+ B + C
35
:
A B C
A+ B + C
A+ B + C
A+ B + C
A+ B + C
0 0 0
0 0 1
0 1 0
0 1 1
1 0 0
1 0 1
A+ B + C
A+ B + C
1 1 0
1 1 1
A+ B + C
A+ B + C
10
21
30
2011/9/24
36
2.
01
A+ B + C
2011/9/24
101
M5
37
3.
mi = M i , M i = mi
M 7 = A + B + C = A B C = m7
m7 =A B C =A B C =A + B + C =M 7
2011/9/24
38
4.
0
0
1
2011/9/24
39
= ( A + B + C )( A + B + C )( A + B + C )( A + B + C )
=
M 0 M 1 M 2 ?M 4
L( A, B, C )
M (0,1, 2, 4)
L( A, B, C )
= ABC + ABC + ABC + ABC
= m(3,5, 6, 7)
2011/9/24
40
ABC + ABC = BC
AB + AB = B
2011/9/24
41
:n
,n
2011/9/24
42
AB 0
1
0 AB AB
1 AB AB
B
BC
A 00 01 11 10
B C Am
BC Am
BC
0 AmB C0 Am
1
3
2
A
Am
B C Am
B C ABC
ABC
4
5 m7 m6
CD
AB
00 01 11 10
00 m0 m1 m3 m2
01 m4 m5 m7 m6
A
11
10
m8 m9 m11 m10
C
:1
2011/9/24
43
2
BC
DE
00
00
0
A =0
01
11
10
11
10
12
01
13
15
14
9
11
10
BC
DE
A =1
00
01
11
10
2011/9/24
00
01
11
16
20
28
17
19
18
21
23
22
29
31
30
10
24
25
27
26
44
1
0
L = A + BC + A + BC
C
B
A
BC
2011/9/24
00
01
11
10
A
0
45
G = AB + BCD
CD
00
01
11
10
00
01
11
10
AB
2011/9/24
46
Y
A
BC 00
01
11
10
0
1
Y = A ?( B
2011/9/24
C)
47
L = AC + C D
= A C C D
= (A + C )(C + D)
= (A + C ) + (C + D)
= AC + CD
-
-
--
1+
2
1
L = ABC + ABC = AB
1. A + A =
1 L = AB + ABCD(E + F ) =
2. A + AB =
3. A + AB =A + B L = AB + AC + BC
4. L = AB + AC + BC = AB + AC + (A + A)BC
2011/9/24
AB
50
1-17
2011/9/24
51
1-18
L = AD + AD + AB + AC + BD + ABEF + BEF
L = A + AB + AC + BD + ABEF + BEF
= A + AC + BD + BEF
= A + C + BD + BEF
2011/9/24
A+AB=A
A + AB = A + B
52
1-19 L = AB + BC + BC + AB
1
2011/9/24
53
1.
A BC D + A BCD = A BD
CD 00
01
11
00 m0
m1
m3
m2
m4
m5
m7
m6
A BD + ABD = AD
AB
01
11
10
10 m8
ABD + ABD = AD
m9 m11 m10
AD + AD = D
121
l
242
l
383
l
2nn
l
2.
------
------
------
------2n
------1
1
------
2011/9/24
56
Y ( A, B, C ) = AC
+ A C + B
C + BC
BC
00
01
11
10
AB + A C + BC ?
2011/9/24
57
Y ( A, B, C ) = AC + A C + BC + BC
BC
00
01
11
10
AC + A B + B ?C
2011/9/24
58
Y ( A, B, C ) = AC + A C + BC + BC
AB + A C + BC ?
AC + A B + B ?C
2011/9/24
59
AB 00
00
01
11
10
1
01
11
10
A+ D
2011/9/24
60
1-22
2011/9/24
61
22n12
48
3
-
2011/9/24
62
41
A+A+A=A
51
1
6
1
7
2011/9/24
63
(dont cares)
2011/9/24
64
1-26
2011/9/24
65
A B C
1
0L
L =1L =0
2
L=B
2011/9/24
66
1-27
LABCD=m02468
+d101112131415
Y ( A, B, C , D) = D
d101112131415=0
2011/9/24
67
2011/9/24
68
(SSI)
Z = F(X )
Z = ( z1 , z2 ,..., z j )
X = ( x1 , x2 ,... xi )
L= Z C
= ( A B) C
= A B C
=1
=1
=
&
&
&
&
(SSI)
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
L0
I0
L1
I 0 I1
L2
I 0 I1 I 2
L0
I0
L1
I 0 I1
L2
I 0 I1 I 2
L0
I0
L1
I 0 I1
L2
I 0 I1 I 2
38421BCD
1A 3 A 2 A 1 A 03
L 3 L 2 L 1 L 08421BCD
30000000100101101
11101111
8421
A3
A2
A1
A0
L3
L2
L1
L0
L 3 = A3 A2 + A3 A1 A0 = A3 A2 A3 A1 A0
L 3 = A3 A2 + A3 A1 A0 = A3 A2 A3 A1 A0
L2 = A2 A0 + A2 A1 A0 + A3 A1 A0 = A2 A0 A2 A1 A0 A3 A1 A0
L1 = A1 A0 + A0 A1 = A1 A0
L0 = A0
3
A0
A1
A2
L0
=1
L1
&
&
&
L2
&
L3
1
A3
&
&
&
=0 =1 =1
=1 =0 =1
=0 =1 =0
=1 =0 =0
1.
2.
a
L= A + A
1=
L AB + AC
L = AB + AC + BC
b
L = AA
0 L =
( A + B)( A + C )
L = AB + AC + BC
&
pF
(SSI)
(Encoder)
:
14-24
24
110
4I0 I1 I2 I32
A1 A0
I000I101I2
10I311
24
16
12
I0
I1
I2
I3
A1
A0
A1 = I 0 I1
A0 = I 0 I 2
24-2
1I 0
I 1 I 2 I 3
2
3
I3
I2
I1
I0
A1
A0
A1 = I 2 + I 3
A0 = I 3 + I1 I 2
8421BCD
0-98421BCD
S9
S8
S7
S6
S5
S4
S3
S2
S1
GS
S0
GS
A = S8 + S 9 B = S 4 + S 5 + S 6 + S 7
1.
C = S 2 + S3 + S6 + S7 D = S1 + S3 + S6 + S7 + S9
2.
3.GS GS = A B C D S0
8421BCD
A
GS
1
VCC
1k10
&
&
&
&
&
S0
S1
S2
S3
S4
S5
S6
A = S8 + S 9 = S8 S 9
B = S 4 + S5 + S 6 + S 7 = S 4 S5 S 6 S 7
C = S 2 + S3 + S 6 + S 7 = S 2 S3 S 6 S 7
D = S1 + S3 + S6 + S7 + S9 = S1S3 S6 S7 S9
S7
S8
S9
GS = A B C D S0 = A + B + C + D ?S0
74X148
8-3
GS
EI
EO
EI
I0
I1
I2
I3
I4
I5
I6
I7
A2
A1
A0
GS
EO
EO = EI I 0 I 1 I 2 I 3 I 4 I 5 I 6 I 7
GS = EI + EI I 0 I 1 I 2 I 3 I 4 I 5 I 6 I 7
= EI + EO
= EI EO
A2 = EI + I 4 I 5 I 6 I 7
A1 = ( I 2 I 4 I 5 + I 3 I 4 I 5 + I 6 + I 7 ) ?EI
A = ( I I I I + I I I + I I + I ) ?EI
1 2 4 6
3 4 6
5 6
7
0
A1A0
74X148
Highest Priority
Binary
1.2X 15-X 8Y 3 A 2 A 1
A 0 EO21
2.2EO21
GS
74LS14816416
164
X
15~X
&
&
&
& 0
X15, X0
Y3
GS
EI
0
EI
Y1
Y2
A2
A1
74148(2)
Y0
A0
GS
EO
EI
A2
A1
74148(1)
A0
EO
I7 I6 I5 I4 I3 I2 I1 I0
I7 I6 I5 I4 I3 I2 I1 I0
X7 X6 X5 X X3 X2 X1 X0
4
EO
74X1488421BCD
Y3 = I 8 I 9 + I 9 = I 8 I 9
I0
I1
I2
I3
I4
I5
I6
I7
I8
I9
Y3
Y2
Y1
Y0
decoder
2-4
1AB
Y0 Y1 Y2 Y3
AB=00Y0AB=01Y1
AB=10Y2AB=11Y3
2
A
0
0
1
1
Y0 = A B
Y1 = AB
Y2 = AB
Y3 = AB
B
0
1
0
1
Y0
0
1
1
1
Y1
1
0
1
1
Y2
1
1
0
1
Y3
1
1
1
0
74X138
G1
G2A G2B
A2
A1 A0
Y0
Y1
Y2
Y3
Y4
Y5
Y6
Y7
Y ( A , A , A ) ?
G1 G2 A
G2 B A2 ? A1 A0
0 2 1 0 =
G1
G2 A G2 B A2 A1 ? A0
Y1 ( A2 , A1 , A0 ) =
G1 G2 A G2 B m0
G1 G2 A G2 B ? m1
Y ( A , A , A ) ?
G1 G2 A
G2 B A2 ? A1 A0
0 2 1 0 =
G1
G2 A G2 B A2 A1 ? A0
Y1 ( A2 , A1 , A0 ) =
G1 G2 A G2 B m0
G1 G2 A G2 B ? m1
Yi = mi
G1=1G2A =0G2B=0
1
74X1384-16
DCBA Z0-Z1516
74X138
D
Z = DC B A
0
Z1 = DC BA
D1G2AG2B
2G1
Z = DCBA
7
Z = DC B A
8
Z 9 = DC BA
Z = DCBA
15
EN
Z0
Z1
Z2
Z3
Z4
Z5
Z6
Z7
Z8
Z9
Z10
Z11
Z12
Z13
Z14
Z15
2
:74X138
L( A, B, C ) = ABC + ABC + ABC + ABC
= m3 + m5 + m6 + m7
Y0 ( A2 , A1 , A0 ) =
Y1 ( A2 , A1 , A0 ) =
Y ( A , A , A ) =
2 2 1 0
Y3 ( A2 , A1 , A0 ) =
Y4 ( A2 , A1 , A0 ) =
Y ( A , A , A ) =
5 2 1 0
Y6 ( A2 , A1 , A0 ) =
Y ( A , A , A ) =
7 2 1 0
A2 A1 A0
A2 A1 A0
A2 A1 A0
A2 A1 A0
A2 A1 A0
A2 A1 A0
A2 A1 A0
A2 A1 A0
= m0
= m1
= m2
= m3
= m4
= m5
= m6
= m7
L = Y3Y5Y6Y7
:74X138
= m1 + m2 + m4 + m7 = m1 m2 m4 m7
1.
2.
3.
4.43/8
3/84/16
3.
A2 A1 A0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
D0=D
D1=D
D2=D
D3=D
D4=D
D5=D
D6=D
D7 =D
G2AY0 Y1Y2 Y3 Y4 Y5 Y6 Y7
A2AlA0
Yi = G1 G2 A G2 B mi
A2A1A0 =001
D1 = Y1 = G2 A A2 A1 A0 = D
Di = Yi = 1
(i ? 1)
74X428421BCD
A3
A2
A1
A0
Y0
Y1
Y2
Y3
Y4
Y5
Y6
Y7
Y8
Y9
(LED)
1.
2. 74X48
abcdefg
D.P
abged
2
1.
2.
a
b
b
c
c
d
d
e
e
f
f
g
74X48
74X48
4
lamp testing
3.LT=0
1.
a-g
LT=1BI/RBO=1
1
2.LT=1
0RBI
4.=10
BI/RBO
BI=0
RBI
a-g0
=0
BI
a-g0
RBI
RBI=00000
RBO=0
multiplexer
8174X151
1
Y = G A2 A1 A0 D0 + G A2 A1 A0 D1 + G A2 A1 A0 D2 + G A2 A1 A0 D 3
+ G A2 A1 A0 D4 + G A2 A1 A0 D5 + G A2 A1 A0 D6 + G A2 A1 A0 D7
7
G=0 Y = mi Di
i =0
1.
2.
1.
281
G
A2A1A0=001
D10D00
Y1Y0
2.
161
Y ( A2 , A1 , A0 ) = mi Di
i =0
D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
D0
E
Y
74X151
D0 =D3=D5 = D7=0
D1 =D2=D4= D6=1
Y = m1 + m 2 + m 4 + m 6
D0 =D3=D5 = D7=1
D1 =D2=D4= D6=0
Y = m0 + m3 + m5 + m7
S2 S1 S0
Di
8174X151
L = AB + BC + AC
8174X151
L( A, B, C , D) = ABCD + BC D + AC
L = ABCD + BC D + AC
= ABCD + ABC D + ABC D + ABCD
+ ABCD + ABC D + ABC D
= ABCD + ABC D + ABC D + ABCD + ABC D
L( A, B, C ) = m7 ? D
m7 ? D
+ m5 ? D
= m7 ? ( D
D) + m3 ? D
= m7 ?1 m3 ? D
m3 ? D
m5 ? D
m5 ? ( D
D)
m5 ?1
() /
D0-D78
L=01001101Y
0 1 00110 1
S0
S1
S2
S1
S0
A2
A1
A0
E
74X151
Y
S2
L 0
1
---
---
111
1Half Adder
1AB
S =AB + AB =A B
C = AB
1Full Adder
Si
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
1
1
1
Ai
Bi
Ci-1
Ci
Ai
Bi
Ci-1
1
S = A B C i + A BC i + AB C i + ABCi
= A B Ci
C o = AB + AB C i + A BC i
= AB + ( A B )C i
A
B
Ci
CO
A B
AB
CO
A B Ci
( A B)Ci
A
B
Ci
CI
CO
Co
74151\74138?
,?
S
CO
A3 A2 A1 A0 + B3B2 B1 B0 =?
1.
A0
FA0
S0
B0
A1
C0
B1
FA1
S1
A2
C1
B2
FA2
S2
A3
C2
B3
FA3
C3
S3
2.
Ci = Ai Bi + ( Ai Bi )Ci 1
GiPi
Gi = Ai Bi
Pi = ( Ai Bi )
C=
Gi + PC
i
i i 1
Si = Ai Bi Ci 1
74X283
74X283
S1 1
16 VCC
B1 2
15 B2
A1 3
14 A2
S0 4
13 S2
A0 5
12 A3
B0 6
11 B3
C1 7
10 S3
GND 8
9 CO
74X283
74X2838
74X2838421BCD3
842100113
8421
0 0 1 1
A3 A2 A1 A0
CCO
O
B3 B2 B1 B0
C1
74283
S3
S2
S1
S0
AB
474X85
F A>B
F A<B
F A=B
F A>B = A B
&
1
FA< B = A B
&
FA =B = A B + AB
FAB
FA=B
FAB
2
2A=A1A0 B=B1B0
A1
B1
A0
B0
FAB
FAB
FA=B
FA> B =
A1 B1 + A1 A0 B0 + B1 A0 B0
1?
A1B1A0B0
A1
B1
A0
FAB
B0
FAB
FA=B
A1B1
A1B1
A1B1
A0B0
A1B1
A0B0
A1B1
A0B0
FA=B=(A1=B1)(A0=B0)
A1
B1
A1B1
1
A1B1
G1
FAB
&
A0B0
A0
B0
A1=B1
A0=B0
G2
FAB
&
A0B0
G3
&
FA=B
474X85
74X8542
474LS85
A3 B 3
A2 B2
A1 B1
A0 B 0
A3 > B3
A3 < B3
A3 = B3
A2 > B2
A3 = B3
A2 < B2
A3 = B3
A2 = B2
A1 > B1
A3 = B3
A2 = B2
A1 < B1
A3 = B3
A2 = B2
A1 = B1
A0 > B0
A3 = B3
A2 = B2
A1 = B1
A0 < B0
A3 = B3
A2 = B2
A1 = B1
A0 = B0
A3 = B3
A2 = B2
A1 = B1
A0 = B0
A3 = B3
A2 = B2
A1 = B1
A0 = B0
A3 = B3
A2 = B2
A1 = B1
A0 = B0
A3 = B3
A2 = B2
A1 = B1
A0 = B0
4---8
5416
5IA>B=0, IA=B=1, IA<B=0
4
MSI
3MSI
L1
1
1
L2
1
1
L3
CC=0
C=1
4---2
GSEO
EI
5.1
5.2
5.3
5.4
5.5
5.6
2
3
4
.
.
.
Z = F1 X ,Q n
D = F2 X , Q n
) (
Q n+1 = F3 D ,Q n = F3 X ,Q n
X
1
CP
Q1
=1
1J
FF 1
1J
CP
C1
C1
1K
& Z
Q2
Q1
Q2
1K
FF 2
&
1D
FF0
1D
Q0
FF1
Q1
Q0
Q1
X Q
=
Z (Q0 + Q1 ) X
1.
&
D0
1D
C1
=
(Q0 + Q1 ) X
D
0
D1 = Q0 X
Q0
Q0
FF0
&
D1
1D
C1
CP
Q1
Q n+ 1 = D
Q1
FF1
&
1
n +1
n
n
Q=
+
(
Q
Q
0
0
1 )X
n +1
n
Q1 = Q0 X
2
ZQn+1 X
Qn
Qn
X
Qn+1/Z
=
Z (Q0 n + Q1n ) X
n +1
n
n
Q=
+
(
Q
Q
0
0
1 )X
n +1
n
Q1 = Q0 X
Q1n Q0n
00
01
10
11
Q1n+ 1Q0n+ 1 / Z
X=0
X=1
00/0
0 0/ 1
0 0/ 1
00/1
10/0
01/0
11/0
01/0
3.
X/Z
Q1Q0
0/0
1/0
n
1
Q Q
00
01
10
11
n
0
n+ 1
1
n+ 1
0
X=0
0/1
/Z
00/0
X=1
10/0
0 0/ 1
00/1
0 0/ 1
01/0
11/0
01/0
01
00
1/0
0/1
10
0/1 1/0
1/0
11
4.
,
n
1
Q Q
00
01
10
11
n
0
CP
Q1n+ 1Q0n+ 1 / Z
X=0
00/0
X=1
10/0
0 0/ 1
00/1
0 0/ 1
01/0
11/0
01/0
Q0
Q1
1 1 0
0 0 0
1 1
0 0 1
. :
1.
2.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
3.
4.
.
1
T0
1T
C1
Q0
&
Q0
G2
FF0
&
CP
G1
T1
1T
C1
FF1
(1)
Q1
Q1
T
()
(2)
T0
Y=AQ1Q0
:
T0=A
T1=AQ0
1T
C1
Q0
&
Q0
G2
FF0
&
CP
G1
T1
1T
C1
Q1
Q1
FF1
T
Q n +1 = T Q n = T Q n + TQ n
Q0n+ 1 = A ? Q0n
(3)
Q0n+ 1 = A ? Q0n
Y =A Q1Q0
Q1n Q 0n
Q1n+1 Q 0n+1 / Y
A=0
A=1
00
00/0
01/0
01
01/0
10/0
10
10/0
11/0
11
11/0
00/1
(4)
n n
Q1 Q 0
Q1n+1 Q 0n+1 / Y
Q1Q0 A/Y
0/0
0/0
00
A=0
A=1
00
00/0
01/0
01
01/0
10/0
10
10/0
11/0
11
11/0
00/1
1/0
1/0
1/1
11
0/0
01
1/0
10
0/0
(5)
Q1n Q 0n
Q1n+1 Q 0n+1
/Y
A=0
A=1
00
00/0
01/0
01
01/0
10/0
10
10/0
11/0
11
11/0
00/1
CP
Q0
Q1
(6)
A
A=0
A=1CP1
11Y 1CP00
Y
Q1Q0 A/Y
0/0
0/0
00
1/0
1/0
1/1
11
0/0
01
1/0
10
0/0
Q1
Q0
FF1
=1
Z
&
1J
=1
C1
1K 1
FF0
1J
=1
C1
1K 1
CP
(1)
JK (
)
(2)
:
Z = ( X Q1n ) Q0n
J = X ? Q n
1
0
K = 1
0
J1 = X ? Q0n
K1 = 1
JK
n +1
n
n
n
n
Q0
= J 0 Q0 + K 0 Q0 = ( X Q1 )Q0
Q1n Q0n
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
Q1n+1 Q0n+1/Z
0
1
0
0
1/0
0/0
0/1
0/0
Q n+ 1 = ( X ? Q n )Q n
0
1
0
Q n+ 1 = ( X ? Q n )Q n
0
1
1
X=1
Q1n Q0n
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
Q1n+1 Q0n+1/Z
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
/
/
/
/
1
0
0
0
X=0X=1
Q1n Q0n
Q0n Q1n
CP
X
Q0
Q1
Z
5
40001
1011
X=0100011000
10Z=1
X=1110010010
00Z=1
3
3
&
1D
CP
C1
Q0
1D
C1
Q0
FF0
Q1
C1
Q1
FF1
Z0
Q2
1D
Q2
FF2
Z1
Z2
D
1:
Z0=Q0
Z1=Q1
Z2=Q2
D0 =
n n
Q1 Q 0
D1 = Q 0n
D 2 = Q1n
D0 =
D1 = Q 0n
Q n +1 = D
D 2 = Q1n
Q 0n + 1
= D0 =
n n
Q1 Q 0
n n
Q1 Q 0
Q1n + 1 = D1 = Q 0n
Q 2n + 1 = D 2 = Q1n
Q2nQ1nQ0n
Q 2n + 1 Q1n +1 Q 0n + 1
000
001
010
011
100
101
110
111
001
010
100
110
001
010
100
110
Q2nQ1nQ0n
000
001
010
011
100
101
110
111
Q 2n + 1 Q1n +1 Q 0n + 1
001
010
100
110
001
010
100
110
Q2Q1Q0
011
001
000
110
111
100
010
101
Q2Q1Q0
011
110
111
CP
Q0
Q1
Q2
TCP
001
000
100
010
101
Q
CP,3TCP
CP
001
000
Q0
TCP
011
110
100
010
Q1
Q2
111
Q2 Q1 Q0
101
Q0
Q1
1J
C1
FF2
FF1
1K
R
1J
C1
1J
C1
Q2
FF0
1K
R
1K
R
Rd
CP
1
K 0 = Q2n
J1 =
Q2n
K1 =
Q1
J2 =
Q1n
K2 =
J0 = 1
Q0n
Q1n
n +1
n +1
Q2
Q0 n + 1 = Q0n + Q2n
2
3
CP
0
1
2
3
4
5
Q2 Q 1 Q 0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
Q 2Q 1 Q 0
000
101
CP
4
5
011
Q0
Q1
Q2
111
110
.
:
1.
a)
b)
c)
CP
FF0
1D
C1
Q0
Q0
d)
2.
3.
FF1
1D
C1
Q1
Q1
&
CP0=CP
CP1=Q0 FF0Q001Q1
Q0
n +1
Q1
n +1
= D0 = Q0n CP01
= D1 = Q1
Q001
(4)
4
Q1Q0=00Z=1Q1Q0Z=0Z
Z1TCP 4TCP
(1)
(2)-----
(3)
2n-1<M2n
M:;n:
(4)
(5)
(6)
2 D8421 BCD
8421
CP
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Q 3n Q 2n Q1n Q 0n Q 3n +1 Q 2n +1 Q1n +1 Q 0n +1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
(2)
CP
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Q 3n Q 2n Q1n Q 0n Q 3n +1 Q 2n +1 Q1n +1 Q 0n +1 D 3 D 2 D1 D 0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
D3 D2 D1 D0
D3
D2
Q1
Q1
Q3
Q2
Q3
Q2
Q0
D3 =
Q 3n Q 0n
n
D1
Q0
Q3
0
n
Q0
D0
Q1
0
D 2 = Q 2n Q1n + Q 2n Q 0n + Q 2n Q1n Q 0n
+ Q 2n Q1n Q 0n
Q1
Q2
Q3
Q0
D1 = Q1n Q 0n + Q 3n Q1n Q 0n
n
Q2
D 0 = Q 0n
(3)
0000
0001
0010
0011
1011
1001
Q3 Q2 Q1 Q0
0100
1101
1000
0111
1111
1110
1010
0110
1100
0101
4
D 3 = Q 3n Q 0n + Q 2n Q1n Q 0n
D1 =
Q1n Q 0n
D 0 = Q 0n
+ Q 3n Q1n Q 0n
&
&
1
CP
D 2 = Q 2n Q1n + Q 2n Q 0n + Q 2n Q1n Q 0n
&
1
CP
FF2
QQ
3
C1
FF1
Q
Q2 FF
1D
C11D
Q1
Q FF
QQ22
Q1Q1
C1
3
Q3 FFFF
1D
R C1 1D
C1
1D
RC1 1D
C1
RESE
RESE
C1
1D
Q0
Q FF
1D
FF0
Q0 Q0
3: X
ZX110
Z10
: (1)
1.:
A
2.
a ;
b A1;
c A11;
d A110
A/Y
1/0
0/0
a
0/0
1/0
0/0
1/0
d
0/1
A=0
A=1
a/ 0
b/ 0
a/ 0
c/ 0
d/ 1
c/ 0
a/ 0
b/ 0
1/0
2.
0/0
0/0
1/0
A=0
A=1
a/ 0
b /0
a/ 0
c/0
a/1
c /0
b
1/0
0/1
1/0
a = 00b = 01c = 11
0/0
0/0
0/0
1/0
00
1/0
0/1
0/0
1/0
0/1
11
1/0
1/0
01
1/0
Q1n+1 Q0n+1 Y
Q1Q0
A=0
A=1
00
00 / 0
01 /0
CP
01
00 / 0
11 /0
11
00 / 1
11 /0
JK
5
J=X
K=1
J=X
K=0
J=1
K=X
Q1n
Q 0n
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
1
J=0
K=X
Q1n+1 Q0n+1 Y
Q1Q0
A=0
A=1
00
00 / 0
01 /0
01
00 / 0
11 /0
11
00 / 1
11 /0
n +1
Q1n +1 Q 0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
J1
K1
J0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
K0
1
0
Q0
n
Q1
Y = Q1 A
J1
0
n
Q1
Q0
n
Q1
J 1 = Q0 A
K =A
1
A
n
Q0
J0
K1
Q0
K0
Q0
J0 = A
Q1
Q1
K0 = A
6. ,
J =Q A
K =A
J =A
K =A
1J
1
CP
FF0
A
Y =Q A
Q0
&
FF1
1J
C1
C1
1K
1K
Q1
&
0/0
0/0
Q1 Q=0 10
A=0
Y =1
1/0
01
1/0
0/1
Q Q = 00
1
00
0/1
11
10
1/1
A=1
Q Q = 11
1
=Q A
1
Y =0
Y = QQ A
1
1/0
=Q A
1
Y = QQ A
1
FF0
1J
A
1
CP
Q0
&
FF1
1J
C1
C1
1K
1K
Q1
&
4101X
ZX
101Z=1Z=0X101
1
1X=01010110100
Z=00010000100
1101
1
S0 1
S1 1
S2 10
2
2
00011011S0=00S1=01S2=10
Z = XQ 2
D 2 = XQ1
D1 = X Q
n
2
6101