Islamic Rules On Menstruation & Post Natal Bleeding 3

CHAPTER THREE : TAHAARAH
T
ahaarah literally means “purity,” but Islamically it refers to a
state of cleanliness which a Muslim must be in to perform
certain acts of worship. The three methods of purification
are: 1. Minor Ablution (wudoo’), washing the arms, face and feet, 2.
Major Ablution (ghusl), a complete bath, and 3. Dry Ablution
(tayammum) in the absence of water.
Although the various acts of tahaarah generally involve
physical cleaning of the body parts, the real purpose behind
tahaarah is spiritual cleanliness. By entering into a state of
tahaarah, one is prepared spiritually to engage in the formal worship
of God.
I. WUDOO’
The law concerning tahaarah and formal prayer (salaah)

can be found in the Qur’aan as follows:
íóÃóíøõåóÇ ÇáøóÐöíäó ÂãóäõæÇú ÅÐóÇ

ÞõãÊõã Åáì ÇáÕøóáóæÉö ÝóÇÛÓöáõæÇú
æõÌõæåóßõã æóÃóíÏöíóßõã Åáóì ÇáãóÑóÇÝöÞö
æóÇãúÓóÍõæÇú ÈöÑõÁõæÓößõã
.æóÃóÑÌõáóßõã Åöáóì ÇáßóÚÈóíäö
“O believers, when you get up to make formal
prayer, you should wash your faces and hands up
to your elbows. Then you should wipe your heads
and wash your feet up to your ankles.”
91
Soorah al-Maa’idah (5):6
This is a general description of the form of purification known as
wudoo’.193 The Prophet Muhammad (ρ) said,
áÇó ÊõÞúÈóáõ ÕóáÇóÉõ ãóäú ÃóÍúÏóËó ÍóÊøóì ))

((. íóÊóæóÖøóÃó
“Formal prayer is not accepted from one who breaks his state of
tahaarah until he makes wudoo’.”194
The Sunnah of the Prophet (ρ) gives us the details of how to make
wudoo’ as follows:
Neeyah
Prior to making wudoo’ one should have the proper
intentions for the act. Wudoo’ is an act of worship, which is only
rewarded if done consciously for the sake of God. The Prophet
Muhammad (ρ) was reported to have said,
(( ÅäøóãóÇ ÇáÃóóÚúãóÇáõ ÈöÇáäøöíóÇÊö æó ÅöäøóãóÇ
áößõáøö ÇãúÑöÆö ãóÇ äóæóì .))
“Surely deeds (are judged) by their intentions, and every man
obtains what he intends.”195
In order to help worshippers remember God and purify their
intentions, pronouncing Allaah’s name prior to making wudoo’ was
193
Ablution prior to worship is recorded in the Old Testament as follows:
“30 And he set the laver between the tent of meeting and the altar, and put
water in it for washing, 31 with which Moses and Aaron and his sons
washed their hands and their feet; 32 when they went into the tent of
meeting, and when they approached the altar, they washed; as the Lord
commanded Moses.” Exodus 40:30-32.
194
Sahih Al-Bukhari, vol. 1, p. 101, no. 137, and Sahih Muslim, vol. 1, p.
149, no. 435.
195
Reported by ‘Umar in Sahih Al-Bukhari, vol. 1, p. 1, no. 1, and Sahih
Muslim, vol. 3, p. 1056, nos. 4692 & 4693.
92
instituted by the Prophet (ρ). The Messenger of Allaah (ρ) was
reported as saying,
áÇó ÕóáÇóÉó áöãóäú áÇó æõÖõæÁó áóåõ æóáÇó ))

æõÖõæÁó áöãóäú áóãú íóÐúßõÑö ÇÓúãó Çááøóåö ÊóÚóÇáóì
((. Úóáóíúåö
“The formal prayer of one without wudoo’ is invalid, and the
wudoo’ of one without the mention of Allaah’s name is invalid.”
196
Siwaak
Cleaning the teeth with a miswak stick or a toothbrush
before or after wudoo’ and prior to making formal prayer is
recommended. Aboo Hurayrah reported that Allaah’s Messenger
(ρ ) said,
áóæúáÇó Ãóäú ÃóÔõÞøó Úóáóì ÃõãøóÊöí ))

áÃóóãóÑúÊõåõãú ÈöÇáÓøöæóÇßö ãóÚó ßõáøö ÕóáÇóÉò
((.
“Were it not that I might overburden the believers, I would have
ordered them to use the siwaak (tooth-stick) at the time of every
formal prayer.”197
Washing the Hands
196
Reported by Aboo Hurayrah and collected by Aboo Daawood (Sunan Abu
Dawud, vol. 1, p. 26, no. 101), at-Tirmithee and Ibn Maajah and
authenticated in Saheeh Sunan Abee Daawood, vol. 1, p. 21, no. 92.
197
Sunan Abu Dawud, vol. 1, p. 11, no. 46, and authenticated in Saheeh
Sunan Abee Daawood, vol. 1, pp. 11-12, no. 37.
93
Prior to beginning the ablution ordained in the Qur’aan, the
hands are washed.
Úóäú ÍõãúÑóÇäó ãóæúáóì ÚõËúãóÇäó Èúäö ÚóÝøóÇäó Ãóäøóåõ
ÑóÃóì ÚõËúãóÇäó Èúäó ÚóÝøóÇäó ÏóÚóÇ ÈöæóÖõæÁò
ÝóÃóÝúÑóÛó Úóáóì íóÏóíúåö ãöäú ÅöäóÇÆöåö ÝóÛóÓóáóåõãóÇ
ËóáÇóËó ãóÑøóÇÊò ¡ Ëõãøó ÃóÏúÎóáó íóãöíäóåõ Ýöí
ÇáúæóÖõæÁö ¡ Ëõãøó ÊóãóÖúãóÖó æóÇÓúÊóäúÔóÞó
æóÇÓúÊóäúËóÑó ¡ Ëõãøó ãóÓóÍó ÈöÑóÃúÓöåö ¡ Ëõãøó ÛóÓóáó
ßõáøó ÑöÌúáò ËóáÇóËðÇ ¡ Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó : ÑóÃóíúÊõ ÇáäøóÈöíøó
. (ρ ) íóÊóæóÖøóÃõ äóÍúæó æõÖõæÆöí åóÐóÇ
Humraan reported that ‘Uthmaan called for water for wudoo’ and he
washed his hands to the wrists....He then said, “I saw Allaah’s
Messenger (ρ) perform wudoo’ like this wudoo’ of mine.”198
Beginning with the Right

When washing the hands and feet, the right limb should be
washed before the left.
Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó ÞóÇáó : ÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö (ρ )

(( ÅöÐóÇ áóÈöÓúÊõãú æóÅöÐóÇ ÊóæóÖøóÃúÊõãú
((. ÝóÇÈúÏóÁõæÇ ÈöÃóíóÇãöäößõãú
Aboo Hurayrah narrated that the Prophet (ρ) said, “Whenever you
dress or make wudoo’, begin with the right.”199
Gargling and Inhaling

When washing the face, water should first be placed in the
mouth, gargled thoroughly, then spat out. Next, water should be
inhaled into the nostrils, then blown out.
198
Sahih Al-Bukhari, vol. 1, p. 115, no.165, and Sunan Abu Dawud, vol. 1,
p. 28, no. 106.
199
Collected in Sunan Abu Dawud, vol. 3, p. 1153, no. 4129, at-Tirmithee
and Ibn Maajah and authenticated in Saheeh al-Jaami' as-Sagheer, no. 787.
94
Úóäú ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö Èúäö ÒóíúÏö Þöíáó áóåõ : ÊóæóÖøóÃú
áóäóÇ æõÖõæÁó ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö (ρ ) ¡ ÝóÏóÚóÇ ÈöÅöäóÇÁò
...Ëõãøó ÃóÏúÎóáó íóÏóåõ ÝóÇÓúÊóÎúÑóÌóåóÇ ÝóãóÖúãóÖó
æóÇÓúÊóäúÔóÞó ãöäú ßóÝøò æóÇÍöÏóÉò ¡ ÝóÝóÚóáó Ðóáößó
ËóáÇóËðÇ ...Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó : åóßóÐóÇ ßóÇäó æõÖõæÁõ ÑóÓõæáö
. (Çááøóåö (ρ
‘Abdullaah ibn Zayd was asked,“Make wudoo’ for us like the
wudoo’ of the Messenger of Allaah (ρ).” He called for a container of
water...then entered his hand into it and gargled and inhaled water
from one palm, doing that three times...Then he said, “That was the
way the Messenger of Allaah (ρ) made wudoo’.”200
Úóäö ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö (ρ ) Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇá

ó(( ãóäú ÊóæóÖøóÃó ÝóáúíóÓúÊóäúËöÑú æóãóäö
((. ÇÓúÊóÌúãóÑó ÝóáúíõæÊöÑú
Aboo Hurayrah stated that the Prophet (ρ) said, “Whoever makes
wudoo’ should clean his nose with water by inhaling water and
blowing it out, and whoever cleans his privates with pebbles should
do so with an odd number [of them].”201
The water should be inhaled from the right hand and exhaled
with the help of the left hand.
Úóäú ÍõãúÑóÇäó Ãóäøóåõ ÑóÃóì ÚõËúãóÇäó ÏóÚóÇ

ÈöæóÖõæÁò...Ëõãøó ÃóÏúÎóáó íóãöíäóåõ Ýöí ÇáúæóÖõæÁö
ÝóÊóãóÖúãóÖó æóÇÓúÊóäúÔóÞó...Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó : ÑóÃóíúÊõ
.ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö (ρ ) ÊóæóÖøóÃó æõÖõæÆöí åóÐóÇ
200
Sahih Muslim, vol. 1, p. 152, no. 453, and Sunan Abu Dawud, vol. 1, p.
30, no. 119.
201
153, no. 458.
95
Humraan reported that ‘Uthmaan called for water for wudoo’
and...he dipped his right hand into the water and gargled and
inhaled water into his nostrils...He then said, “I saw Allaah’s
Messenger (ρ) perform wudoo’ like this wudoo’ of mine.”202
Úóäú Úóáöíøò Ãóäøóåõ ÏóÚóÇ ÈöæóÖõæÁò ÝóÊóãóÖúãóÖó
æóÇÓúÊóäúÔóÞó æóäóËóÑó ÈöíóÏöåö ÇáúíõÓúÑóì ¡
ÝóÝóÚóáó åóÐóÇ ËóáÇóËðÇ ¡ Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó : åóÐóÇ
. (ØõåõæÑõ äóÈöíøö Çááøóåö (ρ
‘Alee called for water for wudoo’, and he gargled and inhaled
water into his nostrils and exhaled it with the help of his left
hand, then he said, “This is the wudoo’ of Allaah’s Prophet (ρ).”203
Washing the Face

The word ‘face’ (wajh) in Arabic refers to the area between
the beginning of the hair and the chin, and from ear to ear, including
the cheeks.
Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò Ãóäøóåõ ÊóæóÖøóÃó...Ëõãøó ÃóÎóÐó

ÛóÑúÝóÉð ãöäú ãóÇÁò ÝóÌóÚóáó ÈöåóÇ åóßóÐóÇ ¡
ÃóÖóÇÝóåóÇ Åöáóì íóÏöåö ÇáÃõõÎúÑóì ¡ ÝóÛóÓóáó ÈöåöãóÇ
æóÌúåóåõ...Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó : åóßóÐóÇ ÑóÃóíúÊõ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö
.(ρ) íóÊóæóÖøóÃõ
Ibn ‘Abbaas made wudoo’...He took a handful of water then brought
his two hands together and washed his face with them both....He
then said, “This is how I saw Allaah’s Messenger (ρ) perform
wudoo’.”204
202
Sunan an-Nasaa’ee, vol. 1, p. 166, no. 86, and authenticated by al-
Albaanee in Saheeh Sunan an-Nasaa’ee, vol. 1, p. 20, no. 83.
203
Sunan an-Nasaa’ee, vol. 1, p. 168, no. 92, and authenticated by al-
Albaanee in Saheeh Sunan an-Nasaa’ee, vol. 1, p. 21, no. 89.
96
Washing the Arms
The arms should be washed up to and including the elbows.
Úóäú ÍõãúÑóÇäó ãóæúáóì ÚõËúãóÇäó Èúäö ÚóÝøóÇäó Ãóäøóåõ
... ÑóÃóì ÚõËúãóÇäó Èúäó ÚóÝøóÇäó ÏóÚóÇ ÈöæóÖõæÁò
Ëõãøó ÛóÓóáó ...óíóÏóíúåö Åöáóì ÇáúãöÑúÝóÞóíúäö ËóáÇóËðÇ...
Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó : ÑóÃóíúÊõ ÇáäøóÈöíøó (ρ ) íóÊóæóÖøóÃõ äóÍúæó
. æõÖõæÆöí åóÐóÇ
Humraan reported that ‘Uthmaan called for water for wudoo’
and...he washed his right arm up to his elbow three times and his left
arm likewise. He then said, “I saw Allaah’s Messenger (ρ) perform
wudoo’ like this wudoo’ of mine.”205
Úóäú äõÚóíúãö Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö ÇáúãõÌúãöÑö ÞóÇáó :
ÑóÃóíúÊõ ÃóÈóÇ åõÑóíúÑóÉó íóÊóæóÖøóÃõ ÝóÛóÓóáó
æóÌúåóåõ ÝóÃóÓúÈóÛó ÇáúæõÖõæÁó ¡ Ëõãøó ÛóÓóáó íóÏóåõ
Çáúíõãúäóì ÍóÊøóì ÃóÔúÑóÚó Ýöí ÇáúÚóÖõÏö ¡ Ëõãøó íóÏóåõ
ÇáúíõÓúÑóì ÍóÊøóì ÃóÔúÑóÚó Ýöí ÇáúÚóÖõÏö...Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó :
. åóßóÐóÇ ÑóÃóíúÊõ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö (ρ ) íóÊóæóÖøóÃõ
Nu‘aym ibn ‘Abdillaah al-Mujmir related that he saw Aboo
Hurayrah make wudoo’ by washing his face well, washing his right
forearm, then his left forearm including a portion of his upper-
arms....Then he said, “This is how I saw Allaah’s Messenger do
wudoo’.”206
Wiping the Head
204
Sahih Al-Bukhari, vol. 1, pp. 104-5, no. 142, and Sunan Abu Dawud, vol.
1, p.33, no. 137.
205
Ibid.
206
Sahih Muslim, vol. 1, p. 156, no. 477.
97
The head may be wiped with water left on the hands from
washing the arms or with fresh water. In describing the Prophet’s
wudoo’ some companions said,
. æóãóÓóÍó ÈöÑóÃúÓöåö ÈöãóÇÁò ÛóíúÑö ÝóÖúáö íóÏöåö
“He wiped his head with fresh water, not the water left on his
hands from washing them,”207 and at other times,
Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó(ρ ) ãóÓóÍó ÈöÑóÃúÓöåö ãöäú ÝóÖúáö

. ãóÇÁò ßóÇäó Ýöí íóÏöåö
“The Prophet (ρ) wiped his head with water left over from his
hands.”208
The whole of the head should be wiped and not just a
portion.
Úóäö ÇáÑøõÈóíøöÚö ÈöäúÊö ãõÚóæøöÐò ÇÈúäö ÚóÝúÑóÇÁó
Ãóäøó ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö (ρ ) ÊóæóÖøóÃó ÚöäúÏóåóÇ ¡
ÝóãóÓóÍó ÇáÑøóÃúÓó ßõáøóåõ ãöäú ÞóÑúäö ÇáÔøóÚúÑö ßõáøö
äóÇÍöíóÉò áöãõäúÕóÈøö ÇáÔøóÚúÑö áÇó íõÍóÑøößõ
. ÇáÔøóÚúÑó Úóäú åóíúÆóÊöåö
Ar-Rubayyi‘ bint Mu‘awwith reported that she saw Allaah’s
Messenger (ρ) performing wudoo’ and he wiped the whole of his
head from the front to the back, including the sides, without
disturbing his hair.209 However al-Miqdaam ibn Ma‘deekarib also
said,
207
Reported by ‘Abdullaah ibn Zayd in Sahih Muslim, vol. 1, p. 153, no.
457, and Sunan Abu Dawud, vol. 1, p. 30-1, no. 120.
208
Reported by ar-Rubbayyi‘ bint Mu‘awwith in Sunan Abu Dawud, vol. 1,
p. 31, no. 130, and authenticated in Saheeh Sunan Abee Daawood, vol. 1, p.
27, no. 120.
209
Sunan Abee Daawood, vol. 1, p. 27, no. 118.
98
ÑóÃóíúÊõ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö (ρ ) ÊóæóÖøóÃó ¡ ÝóáóãøóÇ
ÈóáóÛó ãóÓúÍó ÑóÃúÓöåö æóÖóÚó ßóÝøóíúåö Úóáóì ãõÞóÏøóãö
ÑóÃúÓöåö ÝóÃóãóÑøóåõãóÇ ÍóÊøóì ÈóáóÛó ÇáúÞóÝóÇ ¡ Ëõãøó
. ÑóÏøóåõãóÇ Åöáóì ÇáúãóßóÇäö ÇáøóÐöí ÈóÏóÃó ãöäúåõ
“I saw Allaah’s Messenger perform wudoo’, and when he reached
the wiping of his head, he put his palms on the front of his head
and moved them back to the nape of his neck, then back to where
he started from.”210
Wiping the Headcover

If the head is completely covered by a turban or scarf, one
may wipe over the headcover instead of the hair.
Úóäú ÈöáÇóáò Ãóäøó ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö (ρ ) ãóÓóÍó Úóáóì
. ÇáúÎõÝøóíúäö æóÇáúÎöãóÇÑö
Bilaal reported that the Messenger of Allaah (ρ) wiped over his
leather socks and scarf.211 Ja‘far ibn ‘Amr quoted his father as
saying,
ÑóÃóíúÊõ ÇáäøóÈöíøó (ρ ) íóãúÓóÍõ Úóáóì ÚöãóÇãóÊöåö

. æóÎõÝøóíúåö
“I saw the Prophet pass his wet hands over his turban and leather
socks.”212
One may also wipe on the forelock213 along with the headcover.214
210
211
212
Sahih Al-Bukhari, vol. 1, pp. 136-7, no. 204.
213
Part of the hair growing just above the forehead.
214
According to Imaam Ahmad, prayer caps are not included among the
types of headcover which may be wiped on during wudoo’ since they do not
cover the whole head and are easy to remove. (See al-Mughnee, vol. 1, p.
99
Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÇáúãõÛöíÑóÉö Úóäú ÃóÈöíåö Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó
(ρ ) ãóÓóÍó Úóáóì ÇáúÎõÝøóíúäö æóãõÞóÏøóãö ÑóÃúÓöåö
. æóÚóáóì ÚöãóÇãóÊöåö
‘Urwah ibn al-Mugheerah ibn Shu‘bah narrated from his father that
the Prophet (ρ) wiped over his leather socks and over his forelock
and turban.215 The Prophet’s wife, Umm Salamah, was reported to
have wiped on her headscarf when making wudoo’.216
Wiping the Ears

The ears should be properly wiped, inside and out at the same time
as the head.217 Aboo Umaamah mentioned that the Messenger of
Allaah (ρ) said,
(( ÇáúÃõÐõäóÇäö ãöäó ÇáÑøóÃúÓö ))
“The ears are part of the head.”218
ÇáúãöÞúÏóÇãõ Èúäó ãóÚúÏöí ßóÑöÈó ÇáúßöäúÏöíøó ÞóÇáó
ÃõÊöíó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö (ρ ) ÈöæóÖõæÁò ÝóÊóæóÖøóÃó ¡
ÝóÛóÓóáó ßóÝøóíúåö ËóáÇóËðÇ ¡ Ëõãøó ÊóãóÖúãóÖó
æóÇÓúÊóäúÔóÞó ËóáÇóËðÇ ¡ æóÛóÓóáó æóÌúåóåõ ËóáÇóËðÇ ¡
Ëõãøó ÛóÓóáó ÐöÑóÇÚóíúåö ËóáÇóËðÇ ËóáÇóËðÇ ¡ Ëõãøó
ãóÓóÍó ÈöÑóÃúÓöåö æóÃõÐõäóíúåö ÙóÇåöÑöåöãóÇ
. æóÈóÇØöäöåöãóÇ
312.)
215
216
Mentioned by Ibn al-Munthir (See Ibn Qudaamah’s al-Mughnee, vol. 1,
p. 312.)
217
There is no evidence for using fresh water for wiping the ears.
218
Sunan Abu Dawud, vol. 1, p. 32, no. 134. Also collected by at-Tirmithee
and Ibn Maajah. Although this particular chain of narration has some
weakness, it is supported by other narrations which make it hasan, as was
mentioned in Silsilah al-Ahaadeeth as-Saheehah, vol. 1, no. 36.
100
Al-Miqdaam reported, “Water for wudoo’ was brought to Allaah’s
Messenger and he made wudoo’ by washing his hands to the wrists
thrice, gargling and inhaling water thrice, washing his face thrice
and his arms thrice and wiping his head and his ears, outside and
inside.”219 The thumb is used to wipe the back of the ear and the
index finger is used for the inside. ‘Amr ibn Shu‘ayb quoting his
father on the authority of his grandfather described the Prophet’s
wudoo’ saying,
Ëõãøó ãóÓóÍó ÈöÑóÃúÓöåö ÝóÃóÏúÎóáó ÅöÕúÈóÚóíúåö

ÇáÓøóÈøóÇÍóÊóíúäö Ýöí ÃõÐõäóíúåö æóãóÓóÍó
ÈöÅöÈúåóÇãóíúåö Úóáóì ÙóÇåöÑö ÃõÐõäóíúåö
. æóÈöÇáÓøóÈøóÇÍóÊóíúäö ÈóÇØöäó ÃõÐõäóíúåö
“...He then wiped his head, and inserted his index fingers into his
ears and wiped the outer parts with his thumbs and the inner
parts with his index fingers.”220
Note:
There are no authentic narrations to indicate the use of fresh
water for the ears.221 Therefore, they should be wiped along with the
219
220
Sunan Abu Dawud, vol. 1, pp. 32-3, no. 135, an-Nasaa’ee, Ibn Maajah
and Ahmad, and authenticated in Saheeh Sunan Abee Daawood, vol. 1, p.
28, no. 123, except for the words “or less.”
Note Concerning Wiping the Neck:
There are no authentic or inauthentic narrations in the major books of
hadeeths to support this widespread practice. It has therefore been classified
as a bid‘ah (a prohibited innovation in the religion).
221
The narration collected by al-Bayhaqee (as-Sunan, vol. 1, no. 65) from
‘Abdullaah ibn Zayd that the Prophet (ρ), “...then took water for his ears
which was different from the water which he used for his head,” was
declared inauthentic in Silsilah al-Ahaadeeth as-Saheehah, vol. 2, p. 423, in
101
head with the same water, as the previously mentioned hadeeths of
al-Miqdaam and ‘Amr indicate.
Wetting the Beard

It was the Prophet’s practice to run his wet fingers through
his beard after wiping his ears. Anas ibn Maalik said,
Ãóäøó ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö (ρ ) ßóÇäó ÅöÐóÇ ÊóæóÖøóÃó
ÃóÎóÐó ßóÝøðÇ ãöäú ãóÇÁò ÝóÃóÏúÎóáóåõ ÊóÍúÊó Íóäóßöåö
ÝóÎóáøóáó Èöåö áöÍúíóÊóåõ æóÞóÇáó (( åóßóÐóÇ ÃóãóÑóäöí
((. ÑóÈøöí ÚóÒøó æóÌóáøó
“Whenever Allaah’s Messenger (ρ) made wudoo’, he would put a
handful of water under his chin and pass his fingers through his
beard, saying “This is how my Lord, most Great and Glorious, has
commanded me.” 222
Washing the Feet

The feet should be washed up to and including the ankles.
The Qur’aan states: “O believers, if you get up to make formal
prayer, you should wash...your feet up to the ankles.” (5):6.
Úóäú äõÚóíúãö Èúäö ÚóÈúÏö Çááøóåö ÇáúãõÌúãöÑö ÞóÇáó :
ÑóÃóíúÊõ ÃóÈóÇ åõÑóíúÑóÉó íóÊóæóÖøóÃõ ...Ëõãøó ÛóÓóáó
ÑöÌúáóåõ Çáúíõãúäóì ÍóÊøóì ÃóÔúÑóÚó Ýöí ÇáÓøóÇÞö ¡ Ëõãøó
ÛóÓóáó ÑöÌúáóåõ ÇáúíõÓúÑóì ÍóÊøóì ÃóÔúÑóÚó Ýöí
ÇáÓøóÇÞö ¡ Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó : åóßóÐóÇ ÑóÃóíúÊõ ÑóÓõæáó
. Çááøóåö (ρ ) íóÊóæóÖøóÃõ
Nu‘aym ibn ‘Abdillaah al-Mujmir related that he saw Aboo
Hurayrah make wudoo’ by washing...his right foot, then his left foot
the notes on hadeeth no. 995.
222
102
including a portion of his shins. Then he said, “This is how I saw
Allaah’s Messenger make wudoo’.”223
Washing the Toes

Care should be taken to wash between the toes when
washing the feet, as water may not get there otherwise. Al-
Mustawrid ibn Shidaad said,
ÑóÃóíúÊõ ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö (ρ ) ÅöÐóÇ ÊóæóÖøóÃó íóÏúáõßõ
. ÃóÕóÇÈöÚó ÑöÌúáóíúåö ÈöÎöäúÕóÑöåö
“I saw the Messenger of Allaah (ρ) rubbing between his toes with
his little finger when he made wudoo’.” 224
Wiping Socks & Shoes

It was the practice of the Prophet (ρ) to wipe his leather
socks (khuff) which covered the ankles instead of washing his feet
during wudoo’.
Úóäú ÚõÑúæóÉó Èúäö ÇáúãõÛöíÑóÉö Úóäú ÃóÈöíåö

ÇáúãõÛöíÑóÉö Èúäö ÔõÚúÈóÉó Úóäú ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö (ρ )
Ãóäøóåõ ÎóÑóÌó áöÍóÇÌóÊöåö ÝóÇÊøóÈóÚóåõ ÇáúãõÛöíÑóÉõ
ÈöÅöÏóÇæóÉò ÝöíåóÇ ãóÇÁñ ÝóÕóÈøó Úóáóíúåö Íöíäó ÝóÑóÛó
. ãöäú ÍóÇÌóÊöåö ÝóÊóæóÖøóÃó æóãóÓóÍó Úóáóì ÇáúÎõÝøóíúäö
Al-Mugheerah ibn Shu‘bah said, “Once Allaah’s Messenger went
out to relieve himself, and I followed him carrying a container of
water. When he finished, I poured water for him and he made
wudoo’ by wiping his leather socks.”225
223
225
Sahih Al-Bukhari, vol. 1, p. 136, no. 202.
103
Wiping the socks can only be done if they were put on after
a complete wudoo’ in which the feet were washed. ‘Urwah ibn al-
Mugheerah quoted his father as saying,
ßõäúÊõ ãóÚó ÇáäøóÈöíøö (ρ ) Ýöí ÓóÝóÑò ÝóÃóåúæóíúÊõ

áÃóóäúÒöÚó ÎõÝøóíúåö ÝóÞóÇáó (( ÏóÚúåõãóÇ ÝóÅöäøöí
ÃóÏúÎóáúÊõåõãóÇ ØóÇåöÑóÊóíúäö .)) ÝóãóÓóÍó ÚóáóíúåöãóÇ
.
“Once I was on a journey in the company of the Prophet (ρ) and I
knelt down to remove his leather socks. He told me to leave them
because he had put them on after making wudoo’. Then he wiped
them.”226
The socks may be wiped for twenty-four hours by a resident
and for seventy-two hours for a traveller. Shurayh ibn Haanee
recollected that he went to ‘Aa’ishah and asked her about wiping
over leather socks and she told him to ask ‘Alee ibn Abee Taalib
because he used to travel with the Messenger of Allaah (ρ). When
he asked ‘Alee, he replied,
ÌóÚóáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö (ρ ) ËóáÇóËóÉó ÃóíøóÇãò
æóáóíóÇáöíóåõäøó áöáúãõÓóÇÝöÑö æóíóæúãðÇ æóáóíúáóÉð
. áöáúãõÞöíãö
“The Messenger of Allaah (ρ) stipulated three days and three
nights for a traveler and one day and a night for a resident.”227 One
begins counting from the time one first wipes on the socks, not from
the time one put them on.
Dry Spots
Wudoo’ should be done slowly and carefully to ensure that
all of the parts to be washed are properly done. ‘Abdullaah ibn ‘Amr
226
Ibid., vol. 1, p. 137, no. 205.
227
104
said, “While we were returning from Makkah to Madeenah with
Allaah’s Messenger (ρ), we came across some water, so some
people hurriedly [went ahead of us and] made wudoo’ for the
afternoon prayer (‘Asr). When we caught up with them, [the
Prophet noticed that] their heels were dry because no water had
touched them. The Prophet (ρ) said,
æóíúáñ áöáÃóÚúÞóÇÈö ãöäó ÇáäøóÇÑö . ÃóÓúÈöÛõæÇ))

((. ÇáúæõÖõæÁó
‘Let [dry] heels beware of the Hellfire. Make your wudoo’
thoroughly.’ ”228
Jaabir reported from ‘Umar ibn al-Khattaab that a person performed
wudoo’ and left a small part, equal to the size of a fingernail,
unwashed on his foot. Allaah’s Messenger (ρ) saw it and said,
(( ÇÑúÌöÚú ÝóÃóÍúÓöäú æõÖõæÁóßó.))
“Go back and make your wudoo’ properly.” 229
Rubbing
In order to ensure that water reached all of his body parts
properly, it was the practice of the Prophet (ρ) to rub the water into
his skin instead of just allowing it to flow over his skin.
Úóäú ÚóÈúÏöÇááøóåö Èúäö ÒóíÏò: Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó(ρ) ÃõÊöíó

. ÈöËõáõËóí ãõÏøò ÝóÌóÚóáó íóÏúáõßõ ÐöÑóÇÚóåõ
228
Ibid., vol. 1, p. 154, no. 468.
229
Sahih Muslim, vol. 1, p. 155, no. 474, and Sunan Abu Dawud, vol. 1, p.
42, no. 173. The words “on his foot” are found in Aboo Daawood’s narration
from Anas, authenticated in Saheeh Sunan Abee Daawood, vol. 1, p. 35, no.
173.
105
‘Abdullaah ibn Zayd reported that the Prophet (ρ) was brought a
third of a mudd230 of water, from which he rubbed his forearms
while making wudoo’.231
Number of Times
The various parts of the body may be washed once, twice or
thrice. However, three times is the maximum unless one discovers a
dry area remaining.
Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò ÞóÇáó : ÊóæóÖøóÃó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ (ρ )

. ãóÑøóÉð ãóÑøóÉð
Ibn ‘Abbaas said, “The Prophet (ρ) made wudoo’ by washing the
body parts once.”232
Úóäú ÚóÈúÏöÇááøóåö Èúäö ÒóíúÏò Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó (ρ )

. ÊóæóÖøóÃó ãóÑøóÊóíúäö ãóÑøóÊóíúäö
Abdullaah ibn Zayd also said, “The Prophet (ρ) made wudoo’ by
washing the body parts twice.”233
Úóäú ÚóãúÑöæ Èúäö ÔõÚóíúÈò Úóäú ÃóÈöíåö Úóäú ÌóÏøöåö

Ãóäøó ÑóÌõáÇó ÃóÊóì ÇáäøóÈöíøó (ρ ) ÝóÞóÇáó : íóÇ ÑóÓõæáó
Çááøóåö ¡ ßóíúÝó ÇáØøõåõæÑõ ¿ ÝóÏóÚóÇ ÈöãóÇÁò Ýöí
ÅöäóÇÁò ¡ ÝóÛóÓóáó ßóÝøóíúåö ËóáÇóËðÇ ¡ Ëõãøó ÛóÓóáó
æóÌúåóåõ ËóáÇóËðÇ ¡ Ëõãøó ÛóÓóáó ÐöÑóÇÚóíúåö ËóáÇóËðÇ ¡
Ëõãøó ãóÓóÍó ÈöÑóÃúÓöåö ¡ ÝóÃóÏúÎóáó ÅöÕúÈóÚóíúåö
ÇáÓøóÈøóÇÍóÊóíúäö Ýöí ÃõÐõäóíúåö æóãóÓóÍó
230
A mudd is a measure of volume equal to two handfuls.
231
Collected by Ibn Khuzaymah (Saheeh Ibn Khuzaymah, no. 118) and al-
Haakim (al-Mustadrak, vol. 1, no. 161) with an authentic chain of narration.
232
Sahih Al-Bukhari, vol. 1, p. 112, no. 159, and Sunan Abu Dawud, vol. 1,
p. 33, no. 138.
233
Ibid., vol. 1, p. 112, no. 160, and Sunan Abu Dawud, vol. 1, p. 33, no.
136, from Aboo Hurayrah.
106
ÈöÅöÈúåóÇãóíúåö Úóáóì ÙóÇåöÑö ÃõÐõäóíúåö
æóÈöÇáÓøóÈøóÇÍóÊóíúäö ÈóÇØöäó ÃõÐõäóíúåö ¡ Ëõãøó
ÛóÓóáó ÑöÌúáóíúåö ËóáÇóËðÇ ¡ ËóáÇóËðÇ ¡ Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó
(( åóßóÐóÇ ÇáúæõÖõæÁõ ¡ Ýóãóäú ÒóÇÏó Úóáóì åóÐóÇ
Ãóæú äóÞóÕó ÝóÞóÏú ÃóÓóÇÁó æó Ùóáóãó .)) Ãóæú
((. (( Ùóáóãó æóÃóÓóÇÁó
‘Amr ibn Shu‘ayb, quoting his father on the authority of his
grandfather, said, “A man came to the Prophet (ρ) and asked him,
‘O Messenger of Allaah! How should wudoo’ be made? He (the
Prophet) called for a vessel of water and washed his hands up to
his wrists thrice, his face thrice and his forearms thrice. He then
wiped his head, and inserted his index fingers into his ears and
wiped the outer parts with his thumbs and the inner parts with his
index fingers. Then he washed his feet three times and said, “This
is how wudoo’ is to be done. If anyone does more or less he has
done wrong.”234
Though most companions stated that the Prophet (ρ) only
wiped his head once or twice as previously mentioned, Shaqeeq ibn
Salamah reported that on one occasion he did see ‘Uthmaan ibn
‘Affaan wash his arms three times and wipe his head three times,
then say, “I saw Allaah’s Messenger (ρ) do it this way.”235
Order
The order mentioned in the Qur’aanic verse and in the
Prophet’s practice is the preferrable order. However, if one
accidentally changed the order, the wudoo’ is still valid.
234
Sunan Abu Dawud, vol. 1, p. 32-3, no. 135, an-Nasaa‘ee, Ibn Maajah and
Ahmad, and authenticated in Saheeh Sunan Abee Daawood, vol. 1, p. 28,
no. 123, except for the words “or less.”
235
Ibid., vol. 1, p. 29, no. 110, and authenticated in Saheeh Sunan Abee
Daawood, vol. 1, p. 23, no. 101.
107
Úóäú ÇáúãöÞúÏóÇãó Èúäó ãóÚúÏöí ßóÑöÈó ÇáúßöäúÏöíøó ÞóÇáó :
ÃõÊöíó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö (ρ ) ÈöæóÖõæÁò ¡ ÝóÊóæóÖøóÃó¡
ÝóÛóÓóáó ßóÝøóíúåö ËóáÇóËðÇ ¡ Ëõãøó ÛóÓóáó æóÌúåóåõ
ËóáÇóËðÇ ¡ Ëõãøó ÛóÓóáó ÐöÑóÇÚóíúåö ËóáÇóËðÇ ËóáÇóËðÇ
¡ Ëõãøó ãóÖúãóÖó æóÇÓúÊóäúÔóÞó ËóáÇóËðÇ ¡ æóãóÓóÍó
ÈöÑóÃúÓöåö æóÃõÐõäóíúåö ÙóÇåöÑöåöãóÇ æóÈóÇØöäöåöãóÇ
. ¡ æóÛóÓóáó ÑöÌúáóíúåö ËóáÇóËðÇ ËóáÇóËðÇ
Al-Miqdaam related that some water was brought for the Prophet to
make wudoo’ and he washed his hands thrice, then his face
thrice,236 then he washed his forearms thrice, then his mouth and
nose thrice, then he wiped his head and ears—outside and inside237
— and washed each foot thrice.238
No Interruption
In all descriptions of the Prophet’s method of wudoo’ each
body part was washed immediately after the previous limb without
any interruption. However, it was reported that on one occasion the
Prophet’s companion, Ibn ‘Umar, urinated in the marketplace, then
began to make wudoo’ by washing his face and his hands and
wiping his head. While he was entering the mosque, he was asked
to lead a funeral, so he wiped his leather socks and led the prayer.239
Sharing Water
It is permissible for more than one person to make wudoo’
from the same vessel. The remaining water is not in any way defiled
by making purification from it. Ibn ‘Abbaas stated that one of the
236
Note: In the English translation of this hadeeth in Sunan Abu Dawud,
the translator has accidentally deleted the phrase “then his face.”
237
238
The completion is in Musnad Ahmad, vol. 4, p. 132, which has been
authenticated in Silsilah al-Ahaadeeth as-Saheehah, no. 261.
239
Al-Muwatta, pp. 16-7, no. 71, and al-Bayhaqee (as-Sunan, vol. 1, p. 84).
See also Sahih Al-Bukhari, vol. 1, p. 163, Chapter 11.
108
Prophet’s wives took a bath from a large bowl and the Prophet (ρ)
wanted to make wudoo’ or ghusl from the remaining water. She told
him, “O Messenger of Allaah! I was sexually defiled.” The Prophet
replied,
(( Åöäøó ÇáúãóÇÁó áÇó íõÌúäöÈõ .))
“Water is not defiled.”240
æó Úóäú Ãõãøö ÕõÈóíøóÉó ÇáúÌõåóäöíøóÉö ÞóÇáóÊö

ÇÎúÊóáóÝóÊú íóÏöí æóíóÏõ ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö (ρ ) Ýöí
. ÇáúæõÖõæÁö ãöäú ÅöäóÇÁò æóÇÍöÏò
Umm Subayyah stated, “My hands and the hands of the
241
Messenger of Allaah took water alternatively from one container

while we made wudoo’.”242
Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚõãóÑó ÞóÇáó : ßóÇäó ÇáÑøöÌóÇáõ
æóÇáäøöÓóÇÁõ íóÊóæóÖøóÆõæäó Ýöí ÒóãóÇäö ÑóÓõæáö
Çááøóåö (ρ ) . ÞóÇáó : ãõÓóÏøóÏñ ãöäó ÇáúÅöäóÇÁö ÇáúæóÇÍöÏö
. ÌóãöíÚðÇ
Ibn ‘Umar said “During the lifetime of Allaah’s Messenger, males
and females used to make wudoo’ from the same vessel.”243
Drying the Limbs
240
241
In the English translation of Sunan Abu Dawud, the translator mistakenly
attributed this narration to ‘Aa’ishah. Umm Subayyah was a female
follower of the Prophet (ρ) by the name of Khawlah bint Qays.
242
243
109
It is permissible to dry the body parts after making wudoo’.
‘Aa’ishah related,
ßóÇäó áöÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö (ρ ) ÎöÑúÞóÉñ íõäóÔøöÝõ ÈöåóÇ

ÈóÚúÏó ÇáúæõÖõæÁö . ÞóÇáó ÃóÈõæ ÚöíÓóì : ÍóÏöíËõ
ÚóÇÆöÔóÉó áóíúÓó ÈöÇáúÞóÇÆöãö æóáÇó íóÕöÍøõ Úóäö
. ÇáäøóÈöíøö(ρ ) Ýöí åóÐóÇ ÇáúÈóÇÈö ÔóíúÁñ
“Allaah’s Messenger (ρ) had a cloth which he used to dry himself
with after making wudoo’.”244
Úóäú ÓóáúãóÇäó ÇáúÝóÇÑöÓöíøö Ãóäøó ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö (ρ )

ÊóæóÖøóÃó ÝóÞóáóÈó ÌõÈøóÉó ÕõæÝò ßóÇäóÊú Úóáóíúåö
. ÝóãóÓóÍó ÈöåóÇ æóÌúåóåõ
Salmaan al-Faarisee narrated that the Prophet (ρ) made wudoo’,
then wiped his face with the underside of a woolen cloak which he
was wearing.245
On some occasions the Prophet (ρ) did not dry himself.
However, such reported incidents do not indicate prohibition of
drying the limbs.
ãóíúãõæäóÉõ ÞóÇáóÊú : ÕóÈóÈúÊõ áöáäøóÈöíøö (ρ ) ÛõÓúáÇð ¡

ÝóÃóÝúÑóÛó Èöíóãöíäöåö Úóáóì íóÓóÇÑöåö ÝóÛóÓóáóåõãóÇ ¡
Ëõãøó ÛóÓóáó ÝóÑúÌóåõ ¡ Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó ÈöíóÏöåö ÇáÃóóÑúÖó
ÝóãóÓóÍóåóÇ ÈöÇáÊøõÑóÇÈö ¡ Ëõãøó ÛóÓóáóåóÇ ¡ Ëõãøó
ÊóãóÖúãóÖó æóÇÓúÊóäúÔóÞó ¡ Ëõãøó ÛóÓóáó æóÌúåóåõ
æóÃóÝóÇÖó Úóáóì ÑóÃúÓöåö ¡ Ëõãøó ÊóäóÍøóì ÝóÛóÓóáó
ÞóÏóãóíúåö ¡ Ëõãøó ÃõÊöíó ÈöãöäúÏöíáò Ýóáóãú íóäúÝõÖú ÈöåóÇ
.
244
Collected by at-Tirmithee and authenticated in Saheeh al-Jaami‘ as-
Sagheer, no. 4706.
245
Sunan Ibn-i-Majah, vol. 1, p. 256, no. 468, and authenticated in Saheeh
Sunan Ibn Maajah, vol. 1, p. 78, no. 379.
110
The Prophet’s wife, Maymoonah, described the Prophet’s ghusl
from sexual defilement and said, “Then I brought him a cloth, but he
refused it.”246
Du‘aa
On completion of wudoo’ the Prophet (ρ) used to say:
ÃóÔúåóÏõ Ãóäú áÇ Åáå ÇáÇ Çááå æóÍúÏóåõ áÇ ÔóÑíúßó
áóåõ æóÃóÔúåóÏõ Ãäøó ãõÍóãøóÏÇð ÚóÈúÏõåõ
æóÑóÓõæáõå
Ash-hadu allaa ilaaha illallaahu wahdahoo laa shareeka lah, wa
ash-hadu anna Muhammadan ‘abduhoo wa rasooluh
(I bear witness that there is no god but Allaah alone, without any
partner, and I bear witness that Muhammad is His servant and
Messenger.)
Úóäú ÚõÞúÈóÉó Èúäö ÚóÇãöÑò ÞóÇáó ÚõãóÑõ (ÑÝÚå) (( ãóÇ
ãöäúßõãú ãöäú ÃóÍóÏò íóÊóæóÖøóÃõ ÝóíõÈúáöÛõ Ãóæú
ÝóíõÓúÈöÛõ ÇáúæóÖõæÁó Ëõãøó íóÞõæáõ : ÃóÔúåóÏõ Ãóäú
áÇó Åöáóåó ÅöáÇøó Çááøóåõ æóÃóäøó ãõÍóãøóÏðÇ ÚóÈúÏõ
Çááøóåö æóÑóÓõæáõåõ ÅöáÇøó ÝõÊöÍóÊú áóåõ ÃóÈúæóÇÈõ
ÇáúÌóäøóÉö ÇáËøóãóÇäöíóÉõ íóÏúÎõáõ ãöäú ÃóíøöåóÇ
((. ÔóÇÁó
The Prophet (ρ) also said that the eight gates of paradise will be
opened for whoever makes this prayer, and he may enter by any gate
he wishes.247 In another narration of this hadeeth the Prophet (ρ)
was reported to have added:
Çááøåõãøó ÇÌúÚóáúäöì ãöäó ÇáÊøóæøóÇÈöíúäó
æóÇÌúÚóáúäöì ãöäó ÇúáõãóÊóØåøöÑöíäó
246
183, no. 620.
247
Reported by ‘Umar in Sahih Muslim, vol. 1, p. 152, no. 451, and Sunan
Abu Dawud, vol. 1, p. 41, no. 169.
111
“Allaahummaj‘alnee minat-tawwaabeena waj‘alnee minal-
mutatahhireen.
(O Allaah, make me among the constantly repentant and among
those who are purified)
The first du‘aa (informal prayer) reminds the believers of
their commitment to their faith and that the performance of wudoo’
is basically for the remembrance of Allaah. In the additional du‘aa
the believers are also taught to ask Allaah’s forgiveness for their
errors, as only He can purify mankind of their sins. Thus, when
wudoo’ is done properly and sincerely for Allaah, it purifies the
believers of some of their evil deeds.
Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó Ãóäøó ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö (ρ ) ÞóÇáó ((

ÅöÐóÇ ÊóæóÖøóÃó ÇáúÚóÈúÏõ ÇáúãõÓúáöãõ Ãóæö
ÇáúãõÄúãöäõ ÝóÛóÓóáó æóÌúåóåõ ÎóÑóÌó ãöäú æóÌúåöåö
ßõáøõ ÎóØöíÆóÉò äóÙóÑó ÅöáóíúåóÇ ÈöÚóíúäóíúåö ãóÚó
ÇáúãóÇÁö Ãóæú ãóÚó ÂÎöÑö ÞóØúÑö ÇáúãóÇÁö ÝóÅöÐóÇ
ÛóÓóáó íóÏóíúåö ÎóÑóÌó ãöäú íóÏóíúåö ßõáøõ ÎóØöíÆóÉò
ßóÇäó ÈóØóÔóÊúåóÇ íóÏóÇåõ ãóÚó ÇáúãóÇÁö Ãóæú ãóÚó
ÂÎöÑö ÞóØúÑö ÇáúãóÇÁö ÝóÅöÐóÇ ÛóÓóáó ÑöÌúáóíúåö
ÎóÑóÌóÊú ßõáøõ ÎóØöíÆóÉò ãóÔóÊúåóÇ ÑöÌúáÇóåõ ãóÚó
ÇáúãóÇÁö Ãóæú ãóÚó ÂÎöÑö ÞóØúÑö ÇáúãóÇÁö ÍóÊøóì
((. íóÎúÑõÌó äóÞöíøðÇ ãöäó ÇáÐøõäõæÈö
Aboo Hurayrah reported that Allaah’s Messenger (ρ) said, “When a
servant (of God) washes his face, every sinful thing he saw and
thought about will be washed away with the last drop of water;
when he washes his hands, every sin they did will be washed off
from his hands with the last drop of water; and when he washes his
feet, every sin which his feet have walked towards will be washed
away with the last drop of water, so that he comes out pure from all
sin.”248
248
Collected by Muslim (Sahih Muslim, vol. 1, p. 155, no. 475), at-
Tirmithee and Ibn Maajah and authenticated in Saheeh Sunan at-Tirmithee,
vol. 1, p. 18, no. 48.
112
ACTS WHICH BREAK TAHAARAH (Requiring Wudoo’)
The following acts break one’s state of purity and require

wudoo’. As a group they are called al-Hadath al-Asghar (Minor
Defilement).
1. Passing wind
Passing wind breaks tahaarah.
Úóäú åóãøóÇãö Èúäö ãõäóÈøöåò Ãóäøóåõ ÓóãöÚó ÃóÈóÇ
åõÑóíúÑóÉó íóÞõæáõ : ÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö (ρ ) (( áÇó
ÊõÞúÈóáõ ÕóáÇóÉõ ãóäú ÃóÍúÏóËó ÍóÊøóì íóÊóæóÖøóÃó .))
ÞóÇáó ÑóÌõáñ ãöäú ÍóÖúÑóãóæúÊó ãóÇ ÇáúÍóÏóËõ íóÇ ÃóÈóÇ
. åõÑóíúÑóÉó ¿ ÞóÇáó : ÝõÓóÇÁñ Ãóæú ÖõÑóÇØñ
Aboo Hurayrah quoted Allaah’s Messenger as saying, “The formal
prayer of a person is not accepted if he does a hadath until he
makes wudoo’.” A person from Hadramaut asked, “What is a
hadath?” Aboo Hurayrah replied, “Hadath is the passing of wind
from the anus with or without a sound.”249
Úóäú ÚóÈøóÇÏö Èúäö Êóãöíãò Úóäú Úóãøöåö Ãóäøóåõ ÔóßóÇ
Åöáóì ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö (ρ ) ÇáÑøóÌõáõ ÇáøóÐöí íõÎóíøóáõ
Åöáóíúåö Ãóäøóåõ íóÌöÏõ ÇáÔøóíúÁó Ýöí ÇáÕøóáÇóÉö ¡
ÝóÞóÇáó (( áÇó íóäúÝóÊöáú Ãóæú áÇó íóäúÕóÑöÝú ÍóÊøóì
((. íóÓúãóÚó ÕóæúÊðÇ Ãóæú íóÌöÏó ÑöíÍðÇ
‘Abbaad ibn Tameem said, “My uncle asked Allaah’s Messenger
(ρ) about a person who imagined250 that he passed wind during his
249
250
The key word here is “imagined.” If a person is positive that he passed
wind, even if he didn’t hear or smell anything, he must act on his
knowledge. The hadeeth is one of the evidences for the Islamic legal maxim:
“Certainty cannot be displaced by uncertainty.”
113
formal prayer. Allaah’s Messenger(ρ) replied, “He should not leave
his prayer unless he hears a sound or smells something”251
2. Urination
Urinating nullifies the state of tahaarah.
Úóäú ÕóÝúæóÇäó Èúäö ÚóÓøóÇáò ÞóÇáó : ßóÇäó ÑóÓõæáõ
Çááøóåö (ρ ) íóÃúãõÑõäóÇ ÅöÐóÇ ßõäøóÇ ÓóÝóÑðÇ Ãóäú áÇó
äóäúÒöÚó ÎöÝóÇÝóäóÇ ËóáÇóËóÉó ÃóíøóÇãò æóáóíóÇáöíåöäøó
ÅöáÇøó ãöäú ÌóäóÇÈóÉò ¡ æóáóßöäú ãöäú ÛóÇÆöØò æóÈóæúáò
.æóäóæúãò
Safwaan ibn ‘Assaal said, “The Prophet (ρ) told us that when we
are on a journey it is not necessary to remove our leather socks for
three days and their nights (to make wudoo’) because of
defecation, urination or sleep.”252 However, if urine gets on one’s
body or clothes, wudoo’ is not nullified, but the area of the body or
clothing soiled by urine must be washed before praying.
Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò ÞóÇáó ãóÑøó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ (ρ )

ÈöÍóÇÆöØò ãöäú ÍöíØóÇäö ÇáúãóÏöíäóÉö Ãóæú ãóßøóÉó ¡
ÝóÓóãöÚó ÕóæúÊó ÅöäúÓóÇäóíúäö íõÚóÐøóÈóÇäö Ýöí
ÞõÈõæÑöåöãóÇ ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ (ρ ) ((íõÚóÐøóÈóÇäö
æóãóÇ íõÚóÐøóÈóÇäö Ýöí ßóÈöíÑò .)) Ëõãøó ÞóÇáó (( Èóáóì
ßóÇäó ÃóÍóÏõåõãóÇ áÇó íóÓúÊóÊöÑõ ãöäú Èóæúáöåö
((. æóßóÇäó ÇáúÂÎóÑõ íóãúÔöí ÈöÇáäøóãöíãóÉö
Ibn ‘Abbaas reported that the Prophet (ρ) passed by two graves and
said, “These two persons are being tortured, but not as a result of
major sins. One of them did not protect himself from being soiled
251
Ibid., p. 102, no. 139, and Sahih Muslim, vol. 1, p. 199, no. 702.
252
Collected by Ahmad, an-Nasaa’ee and at-Tirmithee and authenticated in
Irwaa al-Ghaleel, vol. 1, p. 140, no. 104.
114
by his urine, while the other used to spread gossip among the
people.”253
In the case of male children who have not begun eating solid foods,
it is sufficient to pour water on the area defiled.
Úóäú Ãõãøö ÞóíúÓò ÈöäúÊö ãöÍúÕóäò ÃóäøóåóÇ ÃóÊóÊú

ÈöÇÈúäò áóåóÇ ÕóÛöíÑò áóãú íóÃúßõáö ÇáØøóÚóÇãó Åöáóì
ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö (ρ ) ¡ ÝóÃóÌúáóÓóåõ ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö (ρ )
Ýöí ÍóÌúÑöåö ¡ ÝóÈóÇáó Úóáóì ËóæúÈöåö ¡ ÝóÏóÚóÇ ÈöãóÇÁò
. ÝóäóÖóÍóåõ æóáóãú íóÛúÓöáúåõ
Umm Qays bint Mihsin related that she brought her young son, who
was still breast feeding, to the Messenger of Allaah (ρ) and he made
him sit on his lap. The child urinated on the Prophet’s garment so he
asked for some water and poured it over the soiled area without
washing it.254
3. Defecation
The need for tahaarah from defecation is mentioned in the
Qur’aan. Allaah says :
Ãóæú ÌÂÁó ÃóÍóÏñ ãöäúßõãú ãöäó ... {

} ... ÇáúÛÇÆöØö
“... or if one of you comes from defecating255...”
Soorah an-Nisaa’ (4):43
253
Sahih Al-Bukhari, vol. 1, p. 142, no. 217, and Sahih Muslim, vol. 1, pp.
171-2, no. 575.
254
169, no. 563.
255
The term ghaa’it in the verse literally means ‘defecation’, however it is
taken by Qur’aanic commentators to mean both urination and defecation
due to their close association.
115
Evidence from the Sunnah regarding the need for wudoo’
after defecation can also be found in Safwaan’s hadeeth previously
mentioned.
4. Deep sleep
The state of tahaarah is nullified after sleep. Safwaan ibn
‘Assaal said, “The Prophet (ρ) told us that when we are on a
journey it is not necessary to remove our leathers socks for three
days and their nights (to make wudoo’) because of defecation,
urination or sleep.”256
Sleep is not an act of defilement. It represents a
circumstance in which wind may be unconsciously passed. ‘Alee
ibn Abee Taalib quoted the Prophet (ρ) as saying,
(( æößóÇÁõ ÇáÓøóåö ÇáúÚóíúäóÇäö Ýóãóäú äóÇãó
ÝóáúíóÊóæóÖøóÃú .))
“The eyes are the drawstring of the anus, so whoever sleeps should
make wudoo’.”257
In case one falls asleep sitting upright, even (deep) sleep
does not break the state of tahaarah.
Úóäú ÃóäóÓò ÞóÇáó : ßóÇäó ÃóÕúÍóÇÈõ ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö (ρ )
íóäúÊóÙöÑõæäó ÇáúÚöÔóÇÁó ÇáúÂÎöÑóÉó ÍóÊøóì ÊóÎúÝöÞó
. ÑõÁõæÓõåõãú Ëõãøó íõÕóáøõæäó æóáÇó íóÊóæóÖøóÆõæäó
Anas said, “The Prophet’s companions used to wait for the night
prayer until their heads would nod, then get up and make formal
prayer without making wudoo’.”258
256
Collected by Ahmad, an-Nasaa’ee and at-Tirmithee and authenticated in
Irwaa al-Ghaleel, vol. 1, p. 140, no. 104.
257
Sunan Abu Dawud, vol. 1, p. 50, no. 203, Ibn Maajah and ad-
Daaraqutnee and authenticated in Irwaa al-Ghaleel, vol. 1, p. 148, no. 113.
258
Sahih Muslim, vol. 1, p. 205, no. 733, at-Tirmithee and Sunan Abu
Dawud, vol. 1, p. 49, no. 200.
116
5. Discharges
In cases where secretions produced by sexual stimulation

are emitted, washing the genitals and making wudoo’ is required.
‘Alee ibn Abee Taalib said that he used to experience a lot of
prostatic fluid discharge and felt shy to ask the Prophet (ρ) about it
because he was married to the Prophet’s daughter, Faatimah, so he
sent al-Miqdaad ibn al-Aswad to enquire on his behalf. The Prophet
(ρ)said,
((. íóÛúÓöáõ ÐóßóÑóåõ Ëõãøó áöíóÊóæóÖøóÃú ))

“He should wash his penis and make wudoo’.”259
6. Touching the Privates

As a general principle, touching the genitals nullifies the
state of tahaarah. Busrah bint Safwaan narrated that the Prophet (ρ)
said,
ãóäú ãóÓøó ÐóßóÑóåõ ÝóáÇó íõÕóáøö ÍóÊøóì ((
((. íóÊóæóÖøóÃó
“Whoever touches his penis cannot make formal prayer until he
makes wudoo’.”260
This is the case when the touching occurs inside one’s clothes and
not from the outside. Aboo Hurayrah reported that he heard the
Prophet (ρ) say,
259
176, no. 593.
260
Collected by at-Tirmithee, Aboo Daawood (Sunan Abu Dawud, vol. 1,
pp. 43-4, no. 181), an-Nasaa’ee, Ibn Maajah, Ahmad and Maalik (Muwatta
Imam Malik, pp. 19-20, no. 86), and authenticated in Irwaa al-Ghaleel, vol.
1, p. 150, no. 116.
117
ÅöÐóÇ ÃóÝúÖóì ÃóÍóÏõßõãú ÈöíóÏöåö Åöáóì ÝóÑúÌöåö ))
æó áóíÓó Èóíäóåõ æó ÈóíäóåóÇ ÍöÌóÇÈñ æó áÇó ÓöÊúÑñ¡
((. ÝóÞóÏú æóÌóÈó Úóáóíåö ÇáúæõÖõæÁõ
“Whoever touches his penis with his hand without any covering
between them must make wudoo’.”261
The genitals are not considered unclean unless one defecates,
urinates or discharges. However, that spiritual state of prepared-ness
for worship is affected by a deliberate fondling of the genitals.
Consequently, the repetition of wudoo’ was instituted.
7. Eating Camels’ Meat

Eating food cooked over a fire necessitated the renewal of
tahaarah by making wudoo’ in the early days of Islaam. Zayd ibn
Thaabit and ‘Aa’ishah reported that Allaah’s Messenger said,
((. ÇáúæõÖõæÁõ ãöãøóÇ ãóÓøóÊö ÇáäøóÇÑõ ))

“Wudoo’ is obligatory for one who eats anything touched by
fire.”262 However, this requirement was later abrogated by the
Prophet’s actions.
Úóäú ãóíúãõæäóÉó ÒóæúÌö ÇáäøóÈöíøö (ρ ) Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó

(ρ ) Ãóßóáó ÚöäúÏóåóÇ ßóÊöÝðÇ ¡ Ëõãøó Õóáøóì æóáóãú
. íóÊóæóÖøóÃú ÈöÐóáößó
The Prophet’s wife, Maymoonah, related that he ate a piece of
cooked meat from a goat’s shoulder at her house, then made prayers
without making wudoo’.263 The only exception to the abrogation is
that of camel meat.
261
Reported by Aboo Hurayrah and collected by Ahmad, al-Haakim, al-
Bayhaqee, ad-Daaraqutnee and Ibn Hibbaan, and authenticated in Saheeh
al-Jaami‘ as-Sagheer, vol. 1, p. 126, no. 326.
262
Sahih Muslim, vol. 1, pp. 196-7, nos. 686 and 688.
118
Úóäú ÌóÇÈöÑö Èúäö ÓóãõÑóÉó Ãóäøó ÑóÌõáÇð ÓóÃóáó
ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö (ρ ) ÃóÃóÊóæóÖøóÃõ ãöäú áõÍõæãö
ÇáúÛóäóãö ¿ ÞóÇáó (( Åöäú ÔöÆúÊó ÝóÊóæóÖøóÃú æóÅöäú
ÔöÆúÊó ÝóáÇó ÊóæóÖøóÃú.)) ÞóÇáó : ÃóÊóæóÖøóÃõ ãöäú
((. áõÍõæãö ÇáúÅöÈöáö ¿ ÞóÇáó (( äóÚóãú
Jaabir ibn Samurah said, “A man asked the Prophet (ρ), ‘Should I
make wudoo’ after eating mutton?’ He replied, ‘ ýIf you wish.’ ‘He
then asked, ‘Should I make wudoo’ after eating camel meat?’ He
replied, ‘Yes!’ ”264
Recommended Times for Wudoo’

1. Before Sleep
After sexual intercourse or a wet dream, it is preferable to
make wudoo’ if one wants to sleep without taking a bath. ‘Abdullaah
ibn ‘Umar informed the Prophet that he became sexually defiled at
night and the Prophet replied,
(( ÊóæóÖøóÃú æóÇÛúÓöáú ÐóßóÑóßó Ëõãøó äóãú .))
“Make wudoo’ after washing your genitals, and then go to sleep.”265
‘Aa’ishah stated, “Whenever the Prophet intended to sleep and he
was sexually defiled, he would wash his genitals and make wudoo’
like that for formal prayer.”266
2. Before Sleep Nightly

The Prophet (ρ) recommended that we make wudoo’ before
going to sleep every night. Al-Barraa ibn ‘Aazib quoted the Prophet
263
Ibid., vol. 1, p. 197, no. 693, and Sahih Al-Bukhari, vol. 1, p. 138, no.
209.
264
265
266
Ibid., no. 286.
119
(ρ) as saying, “Whenever you go to bed at night, make wudoo’ like
that for formal prayer, then lie on your right side and say:
Çááøóåõãøó ÃÓúáóãúÊõ æóÌúåì Åáóíúßó. æóÝóæøóÖúÊõ

ÃãúÑöì Åáóíúßó¡ æóÃáúÌóÃÊõ ÙóåúÑöì Åáóíúßó
ÑóÛúÈóÉð æÑóåúÈóÉð Åáóíúßó. áÇ ãóáúÌóÃ æáÇ ãóäúÌÇ
ãöäúßó ÅáÇøó Åáóíúßó¡ Çááøóåõãøó ÂãóäúÊõ
ÈößöÊÇÈößó ÇáøóÐí ÃäúÒóáúÊó æóÈöäóÈöíøößó ÇáøóÐì
. ÃÑúÓóáúÊó
Allaahumma aslamtu wajhee ilayka wa fawwadtu amree ilayka
wa alja’tu thahree ilayka raghbatan wa rahbatan ilayka laa
malja’a wa laa manjaa minka illaa ilayk. Allaahumma aamantu
bikitaabikallathee anzalta wa binabeeyikallathee arsalt.
(O Allaah, I surrender to you and entrust all my affairs to you. I
depend upon you for your blessings out of hope and fear.
There is no refuge or escape except in you. O Allaah, I believe in
the book which you have revealed and your Prophet whom you
have sent.) If you die on that night, you will die with faith. So let
them be the last words you speak before sleeping.”267
II. GHUSL (COMPLETE BATH)
Washing the Hands and Genitals

The Prophet (ρ) began his ghusl by washing his hands and
genitals.
Úóäú ÚóÇÆöÔóÉó ÞóÇáóÊú : ßóÇäó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö (ρ )

ÅöÐóÇ ÇÛúÊóÓóáó ãöäó ÇáúÌóäóÇÈóÉö íóÈúÏóÃõ ÝóíóÛúÓöáõ
íóÏóíúåö ¡ Ëõãøó íõÝúÑöÛõ Èöíóãöíäöåö Úóáóì ÔöãóÇáöåö
ÝóíóÛúÓöáõ ÝóÑúÌóåõ ¡ Ëõãøó íóÊóæóÖøóÃõ æõÖõæÁóåõ
áöáÕøóáÇóÉö ¡ Ëõãøó íóÃúÎõÐõ ÇáúãóÇÁó ÝóíõÏúÎöáõ
ÃóÕóÇÈöÚóåõ Ýöí ÃõÕõæáö ÇáÔøóÚúÑö ÍóÊøóì ÅöÐóÇ ÑóÃóì
267
Sahih Al-Bukhari, vol. 1, p. 155 no. 247.
120
Ãóäú ÞóÏö ÇÓúÊóÈúÑóÃó ÍóÝóäó Úóáóì ÑóÃúÓöåö ËóáÇóËó
ÍóÝóäóÇÊò ¡ Ëõãøó ÃóÝóÇÖó Úóáóì ÓóÇÆöÑö ÌóÓóÏöåö ¡
. Ëõãøó ÛóÓóáó ÑöÌúáóíúåö
‘Aa’ishah reported that whenever the Prophet (ρ) wanted to take a
ghusl due to sexual defilement (janaabah), he first washed both
hands [three times268]. Then he poured water with his right hand and
washed his genitals with his left hand.269 After washing the genitals,
the left hand should be cleaned with soap before proceeding.
ãóíúãõæäóÉõ ÞóÇáóÊú : ÃóÏúäóíúÊõ áöÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö (ρ )

ÛõÓúáóåõ ãöäó ÇáúÌóäóÇÈóÉö ¡ ÝóÛóÓóáó ßóÝøóíúåö
ãóÑøóÊóíúäö Ãóæú ËóáÇóËðÇ ¡ Ëõãøó ÃóÏúÎóáó íóÏóåõ Ýöí
ÇáÅöäóÇÁö ¡ Ëõãøó ÃóÝúÑóÛó Èöåö Úóáóì ÝóÑúÌöåö
æóÛóÓóáóåõ ÈöÔöãóÇáöåö ¡ Ëõãøó ÖóÑóÈó ÈöÔöãóÇáöåö
... ÇáÃóóÑúÖó ÝóÏóáóßóåóÇ ÏóáúßðÇ ÔóÏöíÏðÇ
Maymoonah said, “I placed water near Allaah’s Messenger (ρ) to
take a bath following sexual intercourse. He washed his palms twice
or thrice and then put his hand in the basin and poured water over
his genitals and washed them with his left hand. He then placed his
hand on the ground and rubbed it forcefully...”270
Wudoo’
Next he would make wudoo’. ‘Urwah related from
‘Aa’ishah that when the Messenger of Allaah (ρ) took a bath
because of sexual defilement, he first washed his hands before
dipping them in the basin, and then performed wudoo’ like his
wudoo’ for formal prayer.271
268
269
Ibid., vol. 1, pp. 182-3, no. 616, and Sunan Abu Dawud, vol. 1, p. 61,
no. 242.
270
Sahih Muslim, vol. 1, p. 183, no. 620. Earth was used to clean away
impurities.
271
121
Washing the Head
Following wudoo’ he would rub water into the roots of his
hair and then wash his head. ‘Aa’ishah reported that whenever the
Messenger of Allaah (ρ) bathed due to sexual intercourse...he took
some water and rubbed it with his fingers into the roots of his hair.
Then he poured three handfuls of water on his head.272 ‘Aa’ishah
also related that he took a handful of water from the basin and
washed the right side of his head first, then the left, then he took a
handful and poured it on his head.273
Braids
It is not necessary for a woman whose hair is in braids to
undo the braids when washing her head.
Úóäú ÚõÈóíúÏö Èúäö ÚõãóíúÑò ÞóÇáó : ÈóáóÛó ÚóÇÆöÔóÉó
Ãóäøó ÚóÈúÏó Çááøóåö Èúäó ÚóãúÑòæ íóÃúãõÑõ ÇáäøöÓóÇÁó
ÅöÐóÇ ÇÛúÊóÓóáúäó Ãóäú íóäúÞõÖúäó ÑõÁõæÓóåõäøó ¡
ÝóÞóÇáóÊú : íóÇ ÚóÌóÈðÇ áÇöÈúäö ÚóãúÑòæ åóÐóÇ ¡
íóÃúãõÑõ ÇáäøöÓóÇÁó ÅöÐóÇ ÇÛúÊóÓóáúäó Ãóäú íóäúÞõÖúäó
ÑõÁõæÓóåõäøó . ÃóÝóáÇó íóÃúãõÑõåõäøó Ãóäú íóÍúáöÞúäó
ÑõÁõæÓóåõäøó ¿ áóÞóÏú ßõäúÊõ ÃóÛúÊóÓöáõ ÃóäóÇ
æóÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö (ρ ) ãöäú ÅöäóÇÁò æóÇÍöÏò æóáÇó
ÃóÒöíÏõ Úóáóì Ãóäú ÃõÝúÑöÛó Úóáóì ÑóÃúÓöí ËóáÇóËó
.ÅöÝúÑóÇÛóÇÊò
‘Ubayd ibn ‘Umayr reported that when ‘Aa’ishah was informed that
‘Abdullaah ibn ‘Amr was instructing women to undo their braids,
she exclaimed, “It is strange that Ibn ‘Amr is telling women to undo
their braids before taking ghusl. Why doesn’t he order them to shave
their heads (as it would be easier)? The Messenger of Allaah (ρ) and
272
Ibid., vol. 1, pp. 182-3, no. 616.
273
122
I made ghusl from the same container and I only poured three
handfuls of water over my head (without undoing my braids).”274
Úóäú Ãõãøö ÓóáóãóÉó ÞóÇáóÊú : ÞõáúÊõ : íóÇ ÑóÓõæáó

Çááøóåö ¡ Åöäøöí ÇãúÑóÃóÉñ ÃóÔõÏøõ ÖóÝúÑó ÑóÃúÓöí ¡
ÝóÃóäúÞõÖõåõ áöÛõÓúáö ÇáúÌóäóÇÈóÉö ¿ ÞóÇáó (( áÇó ¡
ÅöäøóãóÇ íóßúÝöíßö Ãóäú ÊóÍúËöíó Úóáóì ÑóÃúÓößö
ËóáÇóËó ÍóËóíóÇÊò ¡ Ëõãøó ÊõÝöíÖöíäó Úóáóíúßö
((. ÇáúãóÇÁó ¡ ÝóÊóØúåõÑöíäó
Umm Salamah reported that she said, “O Messenger of Allaah (ρ)! I
am a woman who has tightly braided hair. Should I undo them when
taking a ghusl due to sexual defilement?” He replied, “No, it is
enough for you to pour three handfuls of water on your head and
then pour water over the rest of yourself and you will be
purified.”275
Washing the Body
Then he would pour water over his whole body. ‘Aa’ishah
narrated that whenever Allaah’s Messenger (ρ) took a ghusl due to
sexual intercourse...he would pour three handfuls of water over his
head and then pour water over all of his body.276
Washing the Feet

Sometimes he would leave the washing of his feet until the
end of his ghusl.
Úóäú ãóíúãõæäóÉó ÒóæúÌö ÇáäøóÈöíøö (ρ ) ÞóÇáóÊú

ÊóæóÖøóÃó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö (ρ ) æõÖõæÁóåõ áöáÕøóáÇóÉö
ÛóíúÑó ÑöÌúáóíúåö æóÛóÓóáó ÝóÑúÌóåõ æóãóÇ ÃóÕóÇÈóåõ
274
Ibid., vol. 1, p. 187, no. 646.
275
Sahih Muslim vol. 1, p. 187, no. 643.
276
Sahih Al-Bukhari, vol. 1, p. 157, no. 248, Sahih Muslim, vol. 1, pp. 182-
3, no. 616, and Sunan Abu Dawud, vol. 1, p. 61, no. 242.
123
ãöäó ÇáÃóóÐóì Ëõãøó ÃóÝóÇÖó Úóáóíúåö ÇáúãóÇÁó Ëõãøó
äóÍøóì ÑöÌúáóíúåö ÝóÛóÓóáóåõãóÇ åóÐöåö ÛõÓúáõåõ ãöäó
. ÇáúÌóäóÇÈóÉö
Maymoonah was quoted as saying, “Allaah’s Messenger (ρ) made
wudoo’ like that for prayer, but he did not wash his feet. He then
washed his genitals and the parts of his body on which there was
discharge. Then he poured water over himself, stepped away from
where he was standing and washed his feet. This is how he took a
ghusl due to sexual defilement.”277
Bathing Together
It was the Prophet’s practice to bathe with his wives on
occasions.
Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó (ρ ) æóãóíúãõæäóÉó
. ßóÇäóÇ íóÛúÊóÓöáÇóäö ãöäú ÅöäóÇÁò æóÇÍöÏò
Ibn ‘Abbaas told that the Prophet (ρ) and Maymoonah used to take
a bath from the same basin.278
Úóäú ÚóÇÆöÔóÉó ÞóÇáóÊú : ßõäúÊõ ÃóÛúÊóÓöáõ ÃóäóÇ
æóÇáäøóÈöíøõ (ρ ) ãöäú ÅöäóÇÁò æóÇÍöÏò ãöäú ÞóÏóÍò íõÞóÇáõ
. áóåõ ÇáúÝóÑóÞõ
277
Sahih Al-Bukhari, vol. 1, p. 157, no. 248, and Sunan Abu Dawud, vol. 1,
p. 61, no. 245.
Note: When bathing using soap, one may complete the soaping and washing
of the whole body including the hair, then proceed to make wudoo and the
complete wash. The wash may be under a shower, however, it should not be
in a tub of standing water, because one will be washing with unclean water.
Aboo Hurayrah quoted the Prophet (ρ)as saying,
óáÇ íóÛúÊóÓöáú ÃóÍóÏõßõãú Ýöí ÇáúãóÇÁö ÇáÏøóÇÆöãö æóåõæó ((

((.ÌõäõÈñ
“None of you should bathe in standing water when in a state of sexual
defilement.” (Sahih Muslim, vol. 1, p. 168, no. 556).
278
Sahih Al-Bukhari, vol. 1, p. 159 no. 253.
124
‘Aa’ishah recounted, “The Prophet (ρ) and I used to take a bath
from a single container of water and our hands used to go in the
container after each other in turn.”279 Zaynab bint Umm Salamah
related that her mother (Umm Salamah) and the Messenger of
Allaah (ρ) used to bathe from the same container of water.280
ACTS WHICH BREAK TAHAARAH ( Requiring Ghusl )
Purification by ghusl is required in the case of certain forms

of defilement collectively known as al-Hadath al-Akbar (Major
Defilement). The following are the acts and incidents which cause
major defilement.
1. Sexual Intercourse
Whenever a man and woman have sexual intercourse, they
enter a state of sexual defilement called janaabah which requires
them to take a ghusl in order to purify themselves for formal prayer.
Aboo Hurayrah quoted the Prophet (ρ) as saying,
ÅöÐóÇ ÌóáóÓó Èóíúäó ÔõÚóÈöåóÇ ÇáÃóóÑúÈóÚö Ëõãøó ))

((. ÌóåóÏóåóÇ ÝóÞóÏú æóÌóÈó ÇáúÛóÓúáõ
“Whenever a man lies between a woman’s four limbs and has
sexual intercourse with her, ghusl becomes obligatory.”281 Whether
orgasm occurs or not, ghusl becomes obligatory once sexual
intercourse has begun.282 Aboo Moosaa asked ‘Aa’ishah, “What
279
Ibid., vol. 1, p. 162, no. 261, and Sahih Muslim, vol. 1, p. 185, no. 629.
280
281
Sahih Al-Bukhari, vol. 1, p. 175 no. 290, and Sahih Muslim, vol. 1, pp.
195-6, no. 682.
282
The hadeeth of Ubayy ibn Ka‘b in which he asked the Prophet about a
man who has sexual intercourse without having an orgasm and the Prophet
said,
125
makes a ghusl obligatory for a person?” She replied, “You have
come across one who is well informed. The Messenger of Allaah
said,
ÅöÐóÇ ÌóáóÓó Èóíúäó ÔõÚóÈöåóÇ ÇáÃóóÑúÈóÚö ))

æóãóÓøó ÇáúÎöÊóÇäõ ÇáúÎöÊóÇäó ÝóÞóÏú æóÌóÈó
((. ÇáúÛõÓúáõ
‘When a man lies between the four limbs of a woman and the
circumcised parts make contact, ghusl becomes obligatory.’ ”283
2. Wet Dreams
If a person has an orgasm in a dream, ghusl is obligatory to
attain the state of tahaarah.
Úóäú ÃóäóÓõ Èúäõ ãóÇáößò ÞóÇáó : ÌóÇÁóÊú Ãõãøõ Óõáóíúãò
æóåöíó ÌóÏøóÉõ ÅöÓúÍóÞó Åöáóì ÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö (ρ )
ÝóÞóÇáóÊú áóåõ : — æóÚóÇÆöÔóÉõ ÚöäúÏóåõ — íóÇ ÑóÓõæáó
Çááøóåö ¡ ÇáúãóÑúÃóÉõ ÊóÑóì ãóÇ íóÑóì ÇáÑøóÌõáõ Ýöí
ÇáúãóäóÇãö ¡ ÝóÊóÑóì ãöäú äóÝúÓöåóÇ ãóÇ íóÑóì ÇáÑøóÌõáõ
ãöäú äóÝúÓöåö . ÝóÞóÇáóÊú ÚóÇÆöÔóÉõ : íóÇ Ãõãøó Óõáóíúãò
¡ ÝóÖóÍúÊö ÇáäøöÓóÇÁó ¡ ÊóÑöÈóÊú íóãöíäõßö . ÝóÞóÇáó
áöÚóÇÆöÔóÉó (( Èóáú ÃóäúÊö ÝóÊóÑöÈóÊú íóãöíäõßö .
äóÚóãú ¡ ÝóáúÊóÛúÊóÓöáú ¡ íóÇ Ãõãøó Óõáóíúãò ¡ ÅöÐóÇ
((. ÑóÃóÊú ÐóÇßö
Anas ibn Maalik reported that Umm Sulaym came to the Messenger
of Allaah (ρ) while he was with ‘Aa’ishah and asked him, “O
(( íóÛúÓöáõ ãóÇ ãóÓøó ÇáúãóÑúÃóÉó ãöäúåõ Ëõãøó íóÊóæóÖøóÃõ

æóíõÕóáøöí .))
“He should wash the parts of his genitals which were in contact with the
woman’s genitals, take wudoo’ and make formal prayer,”(Sahih Al-Bukhari,
vol. 1, p. 176 no. 292, and Sahih Muslim, vol. 1, p. 195, no. 677) was
abrogated by Aboo Hurayrah’s hadeeth.
283
126
Messenger of Allaah, when a woman sees and experiences in a
dream what a man does, what should she do?” ‘Aa’ishah
remarked, “O Umm Sulaym, you have humiliated women,284 may
your right hand be covered in dust.285” The Prophet said to
‘Aa’ishah, “May your right hand be covered in dust.” He then said,
“O Umm Sulaym, she should take a ghusl if she sees any
discharge.286 ”287
3. Menstruation
Women are also required to purify themselves by taking a
ghusl in order to resume prayer after their menses has ended. Umm
Habeebah asked Allaah’s Messenger (ρ) about prolonged blood-
flow and he said,
ÇãúßõËöí ÞóÏúÑó ãóÇ ßóÇäóÊú ÊóÍúÈöÓõßö ÍóíúÖóÊõßö ))

((. Ëõãøó ÇÛúÊóÓöáöí æóÕóáøöí
“Stop praying for as long as your menses used to prevent you from
prayer, then take a ghusl and begin formal prayers.”288
4. Post-natal Bleeding
The bleeding following childbirth breaks the state of
tahaarah in the same way that menses does and requires that
284
In another narration ‘Aa’ishah said, “I expressed disapproval of her
saying that a woman has sexual dreams.” (Sahih Muslim, vol. 1, p. 180, no.
612.)
285
An old Arabic expression of disapproval.
286
Vaginal secretions from Bartholins’ glands. (See Ruth and Edward
Brecher, ed., An Analysis of Human Sexual Response, p. 24 and Kinsey’s
Sexual Behavior in the Human Female, p. 192.)
287
Sahih Muslim, vol. 1, p. 178, no. 607, and Sahih Al-Bukhari, vol. 1, pp.
171-2, no. 280. The wording is from the narration in Sahih Muslim.
288
127
women take a ghusl whenever the bleeding stops to regain the state
of purity necessary for formal prayer.289
Recommended Times for Ghusl

1. Conversion
According to the Prophet’s recommendation, when a person
newly converts to Islaam, he should be advised to take a ghusl. Qays
ibn ‘Aasim said,
ÃóÊóíúÊõ ÇáäøóÈöíøó (ρ ) ÃõÑöíÏõ ÇáÅöÓúáÇóãó
. ÝóÃóãóÑóäöí Ãóäú ÃóÛúÊóÓöáó ÈöãóÇÁò æóÓöÏúÑò
“I came to the Prophet (ρ) in order to accept Islaam and he told me
to take a ghusl with water and sidr (lote-tree leaves).” 290
2. Jumu‘ah Prayers
In the early days of Islaam taking a ghusl on Friday for the
congregational prayers was compulsory. Aboo Sa‘eed al-Khudree
quoted Allaah’s Messenger (ρ) as saying,
Úóäú ÃóÈöí ÓóÚöíÏò ÇáúÎõÏúÑöíøö Ãóäøó ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö (ρ )
ÞóÇá ó(( ÇáúÛõÓúáõ íóæúãó ÇáúÌõãõÚóÉö æóÇÌöÈñ Úóáóì
((. ßõáøö ãõÍúÊóáöãò
“Taking a ghusl on Friday is compulsory for everyone who has
reached puberty.”291
‘Aa’ishah related that people would come to Friday prayer from
their houses in neighbouring villages dressed in dusty woollen
garments which emitted bad odors. One of them came to the
Messenger of Allaah (ρ) while he was in ‘Aa’ishah’s home and the
Messenger of Allaah (ρ) said to him,
289
As long as it does not exceed forty days. See Chapter One, page 22.
290
Sunan Abu Dawud, vol. 1, p. 93, no. 355, an-Nasaa’ee, at-Tirmithee and
Ahmad, and authenticated in Irwaa al-Ghaleel, vol. 1, pp. 163-4, no. 128.
291
Sahih Muslim, vol. 2, pp. 402-3, no. 1838.
128
áóæú Ãóäøóßõãú ÊóØóåøóÑúÊõãú áöíóæúãößõãú åóÐóÇ ))
((.
“It would be good if you cleaned yourself on this day.”292 Prophet
Muhammad (ρ) strongly recommended that Muslims who attend the
Friday congregational prayer take a complete Islamic bath (ghusl).
However, the obligation was later reduced to a strong
recommendation. Samurah quoted Allaah’s Messenger (ρ) as
saying,
ãóäú ÊóæóÖøóÃó íóæúãó ÇáúÌõãõÚóÉö ÝóÈöåóÇ ))

((. æóäöÚúãóÊú æóãóäö ÇÛúÊóÓóáó Ýóåõæó ÃóÝúÖóáõ
“Whoever makes wudoo’ on Friday, it is good [for him], but if
ghusl is taken, it is better.”293
III. TAYAMMUM
When water is unavailable, or during times of sickness,

purification can be made with clean dust, earth or sand, which takes
the place of both wudoo’ and ghusl. This form of tahaarah is called
tayammum. Sa‘eed ibn Abzaa related from his father that ‘Ammaar
patted the ground lightly with his hands, blew the dust off them,
wiped his face, then the backs of his hands.294
The hands may be wiped before the face is wiped or after it
is wiped.
292
293
294
202, no. 716.
129
ÞóÇáó ÚóãøóÇÑò : ÈóÚóËóäöí ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö (ρ ) Ýöí
ÍóÇÌóÉò ¡ ÝóÃóÌúäóÈúÊõ ¡ Ýóáóãú ÃóÌöÏö ÇáúãóÇÁó ¡
ÝóÊóãóÑøóÛúÊõ Ýöí ÇáÕøóÚöíÏö ßóãóÇ ÊóãóÑøóÛõ
ÇáÏøóÇÈøóÉõ ¡ Ëõãøó ÃóÊóíúÊõ ÇáäøóÈöíøó (ρ ) ÝóÐóßóÑúÊõ
Ðóáößó áóåõ ¡ ÝóÞóÇáó (( ÅöäøóãóÇ ßóÇäó íóßúÝöíßó Ãóäú
ÊóÞõæáó ÈöíóÏóíúßó åóßóÐóÇ )) Ëõãøó ÖóÑóÈó ÈöíóÏóíúåö
ÇáÃóóÑúÖó ÖóÑúÈóÉð æóÇÍöÏóÉð ¡ Ëõãøó ãóÓóÍó ÇáÔøöãóÇáó
. Úóáóì Çáúíóãöíäö æóÙóÇåöÑó ßóÝøóíúåö æóæóÌúåóåõ
‘Ammaar stated, “Allaah’s Messenger (ρ) sent me on a mission, and
I had a wet dream. I could not find any water so I rolled in dust as an
animal does. When I came back to the Messenger of Allaah (ρ) and
informed him, he said, ‘It would have been enough for you to do
this’: Then he patted the ground once, wiped his right hand with
his left hand, and then wiped his face.295
295
130
HADEETH INDEX
Statements of the Prophet (ρ) are in italics. Other people’s
statements are in roman font.
HADEETH PAGE NO.

-A-
‘Aa’ishah used to comb the hair of the Messenger of Allaah (ρ )..... 22
‘Abdullah ibn ‘Abbaas ruled that there was no harm if a
person who was junub recited the Qur’aan. ................................. 17
‘Abdullaah ibn ‘Umar divorced his wife while she was
menstruating... .............................................................................. 19
‘Abdullaah ibn ‘Umar urinated in the marketplace, then
began to make wudoo’... ............................................................ 108
‘Abdullah ibn ‘Umar was asked, “Is the pronouncement of
divorce counted if a person divorces his wife while she
is in a state of menses?” ................................................................ 19
‘Abdullaah ibn Zayd was asked,“Make wudoo’ for us like the
wudoo’ of the Messenger of Allaah (ρ).” ................................... 95
Aboo Hurayrah made wudoo’ by washing his face well... ............... 97
‘Alee called for water for wudoo’, and he gargled and
inhaled water... ............................................................................. 96
Allaah’s Messenger (ρ) had a cloth which he used to dry
himself with after making wudoo’... ........................................ 109
Allaah’s Messenger (ρ) made wudoo’ like that for prayer, but
he did not wash his feet... ........................................................... 123
“Allaah’s Messenger (ρ) sent me on a mission, and I had
a wet dream....” ........................................................................... 129
Allaah’s Messenger (ρ ) set a time period of forty days for women
bleeding after childbirth, except... .................................. 33
“Allaah’s Messenger (ρ ) used to rest his head on my lap...” .......... 22
‘Ammaar patted the ground lightly with his hands, blew the
dust off them... ............................................................................ 129
131
HADEETH PAGE NO.
Among the Jews (in Madeenah), when a woman

menstruated, they ejected her... ................................................... 21
“A person who had intercourse with his wife during her menses
must give a dinar...” ..................................................................... 24
“Associate with them in your houses...”............................................. 21
A woman asked ‘Aa’ishah whether a menstruating woman should
complete the prayers missed during the menses. ......................... 30
-D-
“Do not be hasty, but wait until you see the white discharge.” ......... 26
“Do not prevent your women from going to the mosques, but
their homes are better for them.” .................................................. 72
“During the lifetime of Allaah’s Messenger, males and
females used to make wudoo’ from the same vessel.” ............... 109
-F-
“Formal prayer is not accepted from one who breaks his state
of tahaarah...” ............................................................................... 92
-G-
“Go back and make your wudoo’ properly.” .................................. 105
-H-
“Hadath is the passing of wind from the anus, with or
without a sound.” ........................................................................ 113
He (ρ ) ate a piece of cooked meat from a goat’s shoulder at
her house, then made prayers without making wudoo’. ............ 118
He (ρ ) called for a vessel of water and washed his hands up
to his wrists... ............................................................................. 94
“He forbade us from facing Makkah while defecating...”.................. 50
He instructed her to take a bath for every prayer... .......................... 40
Heraclius asked for the letter from the Prophet... ............................. 17
“He should not leave his prayer unless he hears a sound or
smells something.” ...................................................................... 113
“He should wash his penis and make wudoo’.” .............................. 116
132
HADEETH PAGE NO.
“He should wash the parts of his genitals which were in

contact with the woman’s genitals, take wudoo’ and
make formal prayer.”.................................................................. 125
...He (ρ ) then wiped his head, and inserted his index fingers
into his ears... ............................................................................. 101
“He told me to postpone my ‘Umrah, undo my braids and
comb my hair...” ........................................................................... 29
He (ρ ) took a handful of water from the basin and washed
the right side of his head... ........................................................ 121
[H]e (ρ ) washed his hands thrice, then his face thrice, then
he washed his forearms thrice, then his mouth and nose
thrice... ....................................................................................... 107
He (ρ ) washed his palms twice or thrice and then put his hand
in the basin... ............................................................................ 121
He (ρ ) wiped his head with fresh water... ....................................... 98
He (ρ ) wiped the whole of his head from the front to the back... .. 98
-I-
“I asked ‘Aa’ishah: What is the reason why a woman
who menstruates...?” .................................................................... 31
Ibn ‘Abbaas made wudoo’...He took a handful of water then brought
his two hands together.. .................................................. 96
“I came to the Prophet (ρ) in order to accept Islaam and he
told me to take a ghusl with water and sidr.”.............................. 127
“I do not permit a menstruating woman or a junub person to
enter the masjid.” ......................................................................... 15
“If any of you goes to the toilet, it is sufficient to clean himself
with three pebbles.” ...................................................................... 50
“If menstrual blood falls on your garment, you should take hold
of the spot...” ................................................................................. 30
“Instruct your son to take her back...” ............................................... 19
133
HADEETH PAGE NO.
“I performed Hajj and came to Umm Salamah...” ............................ 32

“I placed water near Allaah’s Messenger (ρ) to take a bath
following sexual intercourse...” ................................................. 121
“I saw Allaah’s Messenger (ρ ) perform wudoo’, and when he
reached the wiping of his head...” .............................................. 98-9
“I saw the Messenger of Allaah (ρ) rubbing between his toes
with his little finger...” ............................................................... 103
“I saw the Prophet (ρ ) pass his wet hands over his turban and
leather socks.” ............................................................................... 99
“Is it not true that a woman can neither pray nor fast during
her menses?”.................................................................................. 18
“It is strange that Ibn ‘Amr is telling women to undo their
braids before taking ghusl...” ..................................................... 122
It was the practice of the Prophet’s wife, Maymoonah, during
her menses... ................................................................................ 14
“It would be good if you cleaned yourself on this day.” ................ 128
“It would have been enough for you to do this: ...” ....................... 129
“I would eat flesh from a bone when I was menstruating...”........... 22
-L-
“Let [dry] heels beware of the Hellfire.”......................................... 104
-M-
“Make a ghusl, wrap a cloth around your privates and make
your ihraam.” ................................................................................ 67
“Make wudoo’ after washing your genitals, and then go to
sleep.” ........................................................................................ 119
“Menstruation began with Eve...” ..................................................... 12
“My hands and the hands of the Messenger of Allaah (ρ ) took
water alternatively from one container...” .................................. 109
-N-
“No, [the bleeding] is from a blood vessel and not menses...” ......... 35
134
HADEETH PAGE NO.
“No, it is enough for you to pour three handfuls of water on

your head and...” ....................................................................... 122
“None of us had more than a single garment...” ............................... 20
“None of you should bathe in standing water when in a state
of sexual defilement.” ................................................................ 124
-O-
“O Allaah, I surrender to you...” .................................................... 119
“O Allaah, make me among the constantly repentant...” ............... 111
“O Messenger of Allaah! How should we take a bath so we
can be purified from menses?” .................................................... 27
“O Messenger of Allaah (ρ )! I am a woman who has
tightly braided hair...” ............................................................... 122
“O Messenger of Allaah, I do not become clean from menses.
Should I abstain...” ....................................................................... 35
“O Messenger of Allaah! I have a strong, prolonged flow of blood...”
........................................................................................ 38
“O Messenger of Allaah, when a woman sees and experiences
in a dream what a man does, what should she do?” ................. 126
“Once Allaah’s Messenger (ρ ) went out to relieve himself,
and I followed him...” ................................................................ 103
“Once I was on a journey in the company of the Prophet (ρ)
and I knelt down to remove his leather socks...” .................... 103-4
“Once one of the Prophet’s wives did i‘tikaaf...” ............................. 44
On completion of wudoo’ the Prophet (ρ) used to say: “Ash-
hadu...” 110
......................................................................................
“O Umm Sulaym, she should take a ghusl if she sees any
discharge.” ................................................................................ 126
-P-
People would come to Friday prayer from their houses
135
in neighbouring villages dressed in dusty... .............................. 128
HADEETH PAGE NO.
-S-
Safeeyah bint Huyay began menstruating and he said,
“Perhaps she will delay us...” ...................................................... 19
Sahlah bint Suhayl asked the Prophet (ρ ) about prolonged
blood-flow. He commanded her to take a bath... ......................... 41
Salmaan was asked, “Did your Prophet teach you
everything, including toilet manners?” ........................................ 50
“She should cover herself by sharing the outer garment of
her friend...” ................................................................................. 15
“She should prepare water...” ........................................................... 27
“She should stop praying during her menstrual period;
then she should...” ........................................................................ 37
“Should I make wudoo’ after eating camel meat?” ........................ 118
“Sometimes I would not be able to make up for days
missed in Ramadaan until the month of Sha‘baan.” .................... 70
Some women used to send pads of cotton with traces of
yellowish discharge to ‘Aa’ishah. ................................................ 26
“Stop formal prayer when your menses begins...” ............................. 13
“Stop praying for as long as your menses used to prevent you,
then bathe...” ................................................................................ 37
“Subhaanallaah! This comes from the devil. She should sit in
a tub...” ........................................................................................ 42
“Surely deeds (are judged) by their intentions...” ............................ 92
-T-
“Take a bath, then perform wudoo’ for every formal prayer
and pray.” .................................................................................... 42
“Taking a ghusl on Friday is compulsory for everyone who
has reached puberty.” ............................................................... 128
“The believer can never become defiled.” ........................................ 21
“The ears are part of the head.” ..................................................... 100
136
“The eye is the drawstring of the anus...” ...................................... 115
HADEETH PAGE NO.
“The formal prayer of a person is not accepted if he does a

hadath until...” ........................................................................... 112
“The formal prayer of one without wudoo’ is invalid, and
the wudoo’...” .............................................................................. 93
“The Messenger of Allah (ρ ) and I used to pass the night together
with only a single piece of cloth on me...” .................. 22-3
“The Messenger of Allaah (ρ) once told me to get his mat
from the masjid...” ....................................................................... 16
The Messenger of Allaah (ρ) stipulated three days and three nights
for a traveller... ............................................................. 104
The Messenger of Allaah (ρ) wiped over his leather socks and scarf.
............................................................................................. 99
“The menstruating woman or person sexually defiled (junub) should
not read anything of the Qur’aan.” ................................. 16
“Then I brought him a cloth, but he refused it.” ............................ 110
“The Prophet (ρ) and I used to take a bath from a single container
of water...” ................................................................. 124
The Prophet (ρ) and Maymoonah used to take a bath from the
same basin. ................................................................................ 124
The Prophet (ρ)...gargled and inhaled water from one palm... ......... 95
The Prophet (ρ ) instructed the people to make their last contact with
the mosque a tawaaf. ........................................................... 72
The Prophet (ρ) made wudoo’ by washing the body parts
twice. ......................................................................................... 106
The Prophet (ρ) made wudoo’ by washing the body parts
once. .......................................................................................... 106
The Prophet (ρ) made wudoo’, then wiped his face with the
underside of a woolen cloak... .................................................. 110
The Prophet’s companions used to wait for the night prayer
137
until their heads would nod... .................................................... 116
HADEETH PAGE NO.
“The Prophet (ρ ) told us that when we are on a journey it is not

necessary to remove our leathers socks for three days and
their nights...” ............................................................................ 113
The Prophet (ρ ) used to arise at dawn in Ramadaan in a state of
janaabah... ................................................................................... 65
The Prophet (ρ ) used to fondle and embrace his wives during
their menses... .............................................................................. 22
The Prophet (ρ) was brought a third of a mudd of water, from
which he rubbed his forearms while making wudoo’. .............. 105
The Prophet (ρ) wiped his head with water left over from his hands.
........................................................................................... 98
The Prophet (ρ) wiped over his leather socks and over his
forelock and turban. ............................................................. 99-100
“There is no negligence in sleep. Negligence is only...” .................. 56
“These drops [of blood] are similar to a nosebleed...” .................... 63
“These two persons are being tortured, but not as a result of
major sins...” ............................................................................. 114
“The unmarried virgins, mature women and menstruating
women should witness the good...” ............................................. 15
“This is how my Lord, most Great and Glorious, has
commanded me.” ....................................................................... 102
“This is not menstruation but only a vein; so you should take
a bath...” ...................................................................................... 40
“This is only a kick from Satan, so consider yourself on your
menses for six or seven days known to Allaah...” ..................... 38-9
“This is something which Allaah has destined for the
daughters of Aadam. So, do all the rites...” ................................. 18
-U-
Umm Habeebah had a prolonged blood-flow and her husband
138
used to have sexual relations with her. ........................................ 43
HADEETH PAGE NO.
Umm Qays bint Mihsin brought her young son, who was still
breast feeding, to the Messenger of Allaah (ρ)... ..................... 114
Umm Salamah and the Messenger of Allaah (ρ) used to bathe from
the same container... ......................................................... 124
Umm Salamah wiped on her headscarf when making wudoo’. .... 100
“Use cotton and it will stop the blood.” ........................................... 38
‘Uthmaan ibn ‘Affaan washed his arms three times and wiped
his head three times... ................................................................ 107
-V-
“Verily your creation is combined in your mother's womb for
forty days...” ................................................................................. 74
-W-
Water for wudoo’ was brought to Allaah’s Messenger (ρ ) and
he made wudoo’ by washing his hands to the wrists thrice... ... 100
“Water is not defiled.” ................................................................... 108
“Were it not that I might overburden the believers, I would
have ordered them to use the siwaak...” .................................... 93
“We did not consider brown and yellow discharges after
purification as anything.” ............................................................ 29
“We set out with the sole intention of performing Hajj and
when we reached Sarif, my menses began...” ............................. 12
“We used to forbid our young women from attending the
‘Eed prayers...” ............................................................................ 14
“When a man lies between a woman’s four limbs, and the
circumcised parts make contact...” .......................................... 125
“When a servant (of God) washes his face, every sinful thing
he saw...” ................................................................................... 112
“When a woman reaches fifty years...” ............................................ 12
“When a young girl reaches nine...” ................................................. 12
Whenever Allaah’s Messenger (ρ) made wudoo’, he would put
139
a handful of water under his chin... ........................................... 102
HADEETH PAGE NO.
Whenever Allaah’s Messenger (ρ) took a ghusl due to sexual

intercourse...he would pour three handfuls of water... ............... 123
“Whenever a man lies between a woman’s four limbs and has
sexual intercourse...” ................................................................. 125
Whenever the Messenger of Allaah (ρ) bathed due to
sexual intercourse...he took some water and rubbed
it with his fingers into the roots of his hair... ............................ 121
Whenever the Prophet (ρ ) intended to sleep and he was
sexually defiled, he would wash his genitals and make
wudoo’. ...................................................................................... 119
Whenever the Prophet (ρ) wanted to take a ghusl due to sexual
defilement (janaabah), he first washed both hands... .............. 120
“Whenever you dress or make wudoo’, begin with the right.” ......... 94
“Whenever you go to bed at night, make wudoo’...” ...................... 119
“When the blood of menses comes, it is dark and recognizable.” .... 13
“While I was lying with the Prophet (ρ ) under a woolen
blanket, my menses began...” ..................................................... 20
“Whoever catches a unit of prayer has caught the prayer.” ............ 55
“Whoever does a deed not approved by us, will have it rejected.” ... 88
“Whoever makes wudoo’ on Friday, it is good...” ......................... 128
“Whoever makes wudoo’ should clean his nose with water...” ........ 95
“Whoever manages to pray a single unit of the ‘Asr prayer
before the setting of the sun...” .................................................... 57
“Whoever touches his penis cannot make formal prayer until...”.... 117
“Whoever touches his penis with his hand without any covering
between...” ................................................................................. 117
Women experiencing post-natal bleeding would refrain
from formal prayer for forty days. ............................................. 32
“Wudoo’ is obligatory for one who eats anything touched
140
by fire.” ...................................................................................... 118
HADEETH PAGE NO.
-Y-
“Your menses is not on your hands.” ................................................ 16
141
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Albaanee, Muhammad Naasirud-Deen al-, Aadaab az-Zafaaf,

(‘Ammaan, Jordan: al-Maktab al-Islaamee, rev. ed. 1409 AH).
----------, Da‘eef al-Jaami‘ as-Sagheer, (Beirut: al-Maktab al-

Islaamee,
3rd. ed., 1990.
----------, Irwaa’ al-Ghaleel, (Beirut: al-Maktab al-Islaamee, 1985).
----------, Saheeh Sunan Abee Daawood, (Beirut: al-Maktab al-

Islaamee, 1st. ed., 1989).
----------, Saheeh Sunan an-Nasaa’ee, (Beirut: al-Maktab al-

----------, Saheeh Sunan at-Tirmithee, (Beirut: al-Maktab al-

----------, Saheeh Sunan Ibn Maajah, (Beirut: al-Maktab al-

Islaamee, 3rd. ed., 1988).
----------, Silsilah al-Ahaadeeth ad-Da‘eefah, (Kuwait: ad-Daar as-

Salafeeyah, 1st. ed., 1979).
----------, Silsilah al-Ahaadeeth as-Saheehah, (Kuwait: ad-Daar as-

Salafeeyah, 2nd. ed., 1983).
‘Aasimee, ‘Abdur-Rahmaan ibn Qaasim al-, Majmoo‘ Fataawaa

Shaykhul-Islaam Ibn Taymeeyah, (Beirut: Daar
al-‘Arabeeyah, 1st. ed.,1978).
142
Ansari, Muhammad Tufail, Sunan Ibn-i-Majah [Arabic/English],
(Lahore: Kazi Publications, 1st. ed., 1993)
Baghawee, al-Husayn ibn Mas‘ood al-, Sharh as-Sunnah, (Beirut/

Damascus: al-Maktab al-Islaamee, 2nd. ed.,1983).
Chamberlain, Geoffrey V.P., ed., Obstetrics by Ten Teachers,

(London: The Educational Low-Priced Books Scheme, 16th
ed., 1995).
Hasan, Ahmad, Sunan Abu Dawud, (English Trans.), Lahore: Sh.

Muhammad Ashraf Publishers, 1st ed., 1987.
Ibn Hajar al-‘Asqalaanee, Ahmad ibn ‘Alee, Fat-h al-Baaree,

(Cairo, Egypt: al-Matba‘ah as-Salafeeyah Co., 1st ed., 1961).
Ibn Hazm, ‘Alee ibn Ahmad, al-Muhallaa, (Cairo: Maktabah Daar

at-Turaath, n.d.).
Ibn Qudaamah, ‘Abdullaah ibn Ahmad, al-Mughnee,(Cairo: Hajr

Publishing Co., 1st. ed.,1986).
Ibn Rushd, Muhammad ibn Ahmad, Bidaayah al-Mujtahid wa

Nihaayah al- Muqtasid, (Cairo: Maktabah Ibn Taymeeyah,
1415 AH).
Jeffcoate, Sir Norman, Principles of Gynaecology, (London and

Boston: Butterworths, 4th ed. 1975).
Khan, Muhammad Muhsin, Sahih Al-Bukhari,(Arabic-English),

Lahore: Kazi Publications, 6th ed., 1986.
143
Krupp, Marcus A. & Milton J. Chatton, Current Medical Diagnosis
Treatment 1982, Beirut, Lebanon: Librairie du Liban, 1982).
Musnid, Muhammad al-, Fataawaa al-Mar’ah, (Riyadh: Daar al-

Watan, 1989).
Rahimuddin, Muhammad, Muwatta Imam Malik, (English Trans.),

Lahore: Sh. Muhammad Ashraf Publishers, 1980.
Sabiq, Sayyid, Fiqh us-Sunnah, (Indiana: American Trust

Publications, 1991).
Shawkaanee, Muhammad ibn ‘Alee ash-, ad-Daraaree al-

Mudeeyah, (Beirut, Lebanon: Daar al-Kutub al-‘Ilmeeyah,
1st. ed.,1987).
----------, Nayl ul Awtaar, (Cairo: Daar al-Hadeeth, 1st ed. 1993).
Siddiqi, Abdul Hamid, Sahih Muslim, (English Trans.), Lahore: Sh.

Muhammad Ashraf Publishers, 1987.
Siddiqi, Muhammad Iqbal, Sunan Nasa’i (English Trans.), Lahore:

Kazi Publications, 1st ed. 1994.
The New Encyclopaedia Britannica, (Chicago: Encyclopaedia

Britannica Inc., 15th ed., 1991).
‘Uthaymeen, Muhammad ibn Saalih Aal, Ithnaani wa Khamsoona

Su’aalan ‘an Ahkaam al-Hayd, (Qaseem: Maraamir, 1990).
144
Dar al Fatah is an Islamic Publishing firm established in the Emirate
of Sharjah, U.A.E., in 1993 with the goal of :
♦encouraging Muslims to return to the Qur’aan and the authentic traditions (Sunnah) of Prophet
Muhammad ρ and to understand them according to the way of the early righteous scholars
of Islaam.
♦alerting Muslims to the various idolatrous practises (Shirk), religious innovations (Bid‘ah) and
fabricated traditions falsely attributed to the Prophet ρ which continue to distort the beauty of
Islaam and hinder the advancement of Muslims.
Abu Ameenah Bilal Philips was born in Jamaica, but grew up in

Canada where he accepted Islaam in 1972. He completed a diploma in
Arabic and a B.A from the College of Islamic Disciplines (Usool ad-Deen)
at the Islamic University of Madeenah in 1979. At the University of Riyadh,
College of Education, he completed a M.A. in Islamic Theology in 1985 and
in the department of Islamic Studies at the University of Wales, U.K., he
also completed a Ph.D. in Islamic Theology in 1994. He has taught Islamic
Education and Arabic in private schools in Riyadh for over ten years and for
the past three years he has been lecturing for M.Ed. students in the Islamic
Studies department of Shariff Kabunsuan Islamic University in Cotabato
City, Mindanao, Philippines.
Among the author’s published works are translations of Ibn Taymeeyah’s

Essay on the Jinn, The Devil’s Deception, and Arabic Calligraphy in
Manuscripts. He has also co-authored Polygamy in Islaam, and authored
Evolution of Islamic Fiqh, Tafseer Soorah al-Hujuraat, The Ansar Cult,
Fundamentals of Tawheed, Salvation Through Repentance, Islamic Studies,
and Hajj and ‘Umrah According to Qur’aan and Sunnah.
145

Islamic Rules On Menstruation & Post Natal Bleeding 3

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CHAPTER THREE : TAHAARAH

The law concerning tahaarah and formal prayer (salaah)

íóÃóíøõåóÇ ÇáøóÐöíäó ÂãóäõæÇú ÅÐóÇ

áÇó ÊõÞúÈóáõ ÕóáÇóÉõ ãóäú ÃóÍúÏóËó ÍóÊøóì ))

áÇó ÕóáÇóÉó áöãóäú áÇó æõÖõæÁó áóåõ æóáÇó ))

áóæúáÇó Ãóäú ÃóÔõÞøó Úóáóì ÃõãøóÊöí ))

Washing the Hands

Beginning with the Right

Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó ÞóÇáó : ÞóÇáó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö (ρ )

Gargling and Inhaling

Úóäö ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó Úóäö ÇáäøóÈöíøö (ρ ) Ãóäøóåõ ÞóÇá

Úóäú ÍõãúÑóÇäó Ãóäøóåõ ÑóÃóì ÚõËúãóÇäó ÏóÚóÇ

Washing the Face

Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò Ãóäøóåõ ÊóæóÖøóÃó...Ëõãøó ÃóÎóÐó

Wiping the Head

Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó(ρ ) ãóÓóÍó ÈöÑóÃúÓöåö ãöäú ÝóÖúáö

Wiping the Headcover

ÑóÃóíúÊõ ÇáäøóÈöíøó (ρ ) íóãúÓóÍõ Úóáóì ÚöãóÇãóÊöåö

Wiping the Ears

Ëõãøó ãóÓóÍó ÈöÑóÃúÓöåö ÝóÃóÏúÎóáó ÅöÕúÈóÚóíúåö

Wetting the Beard

Washing the Feet

Washing the Toes

Wiping Socks & Shoes

Úóäú ÚõÑúæóÉó Èúäö ÇáúãõÛöíÑóÉö Úóäú ÃóÈöíåö

ßõäúÊõ ãóÚó ÇáäøóÈöíøö (ρ ) Ýöí ÓóÝóÑò ÝóÃóåúæóíúÊõ

æóíúáñ áöáÃóÚúÞóÇÈö ãöäó ÇáäøóÇÑö . ÃóÓúÈöÛõæÇ))

Úóäú ÚóÈúÏöÇááøóåö Èúäö ÒóíÏò: Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó(ρ) ÃõÊöíó

Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò ÞóÇáó : ÊóæóÖøóÃó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ (ρ )

Úóäú ÚóÈúÏöÇááøóåö Èúäö ÒóíúÏò Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó (ρ )

Úóäú ÚóãúÑöæ Èúäö ÔõÚóíúÈò Úóäú ÃóÈöíåö Úóäú ÌóÏøöåö

æó Úóäú Ãõãøö ÕõÈóíøóÉó ÇáúÌõåóäöíøóÉö ÞóÇáóÊö

Messenger of Allaah took water alternatively from one container

Drying the Limbs

ßóÇäó áöÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö (ρ ) ÎöÑúÞóÉñ íõäóÔøöÝõ ÈöåóÇ

Úóäú ÓóáúãóÇäó ÇáúÝóÇÑöÓöíøö Ãóäøó ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö (ρ )

ãóíúãõæäóÉõ ÞóÇáóÊú : ÕóÈóÈúÊõ áöáäøóÈöíøö (ρ ) ÛõÓúáÇð ¡

Úóäú ÃóÈöí åõÑóíúÑóÉó Ãóäøó ÑóÓõæáó Çááøóåö (ρ ) ÞóÇáó ((

The following acts break one’s state of purity and require

Úóäö ÇÈúäö ÚóÈøóÇÓò ÞóÇáó ãóÑøó ÇáäøóÈöíøõ (ρ )

Úóäú Ãõãøö ÞóíúÓò ÈöäúÊö ãöÍúÕóäò ÃóäøóåóÇ ÃóÊóÊú

Ãóæú ÌÂÁó ÃóÍóÏñ ãöäúßõãú ãöäó ... {

In cases where secretions produced by sexual stimulation

((. íóÛúÓöáõ ÐóßóÑóåõ Ëõãøó áöíóÊóæóÖøóÃú ))

6. Touching the Privates

7. Eating Camels’ Meat

((. ÇáúæõÖõæÁõ ãöãøóÇ ãóÓøóÊö ÇáäøóÇÑõ ))

Úóäú ãóíúãõæäóÉó ÒóæúÌö ÇáäøóÈöíøö (ρ ) Ãóäøó ÇáäøóÈöíøó

Recommended Times for Wudoo’

2. Before Sleep Nightly

Çááøóåõãøó ÃÓúáóãúÊõ æóÌúåì Åáóíúßó. æóÝóæøóÖúÊõ

II. GHUSL (COMPLETE BATH)

Washing the Hands and Genitals

Úóäú ÚóÇÆöÔóÉó ÞóÇáóÊú : ßóÇäó ÑóÓõæáõ Çááøóåö (ρ )

ãóíúãõæäóÉõ ÞóÇáóÊú : ÃóÏúäóíúÊõ áöÑóÓõæáö Çááøóåö (ρ )

Úóäú Ãõãøö ÓóáóãóÉó ÞóÇáóÊú : ÞõáúÊõ : íóÇ ÑóÓõæáó

Washing the Feet

Úóäú ãóíúãõæäóÉó ÒóæúÌö ÇáäøóÈöíøö (ρ ) ÞóÇáóÊú

óáÇ íóÛúÊóÓöáú ÃóÍóÏõßõãú Ýöí ÇáúãóÇÁö ÇáÏøóÇÆöãö æóåõæó ((

ACTS WHICH BREAK TAHAARAH ( Requiring Ghusl )

Purification by ghusl is required in the case of certain forms

ÅöÐóÇ ÌóáóÓó Èóíúäó ÔõÚóÈöåóÇ ÇáÃóóÑúÈóÚö Ëõãøó ))