flam flmrilesfnv&tyai Namafi May

6'", 2005^ Answer Keys

When two dice are thrown simultaneously, what is the probability that the sum of the two numbers that turn up is
less than 11?
(1) 5 / 6 (2} 11 /12 (3) 1 / 6 (4)1/12
Correct Answer - (2)
Solution:
Instead of finding the probability of this event directly, we will find the probability of the non-occurrence of this event
and subtract it from 1 to get the required probability. Combination whose sum of 12 is (6,6). Combinations whose
sum of 11 is (5,6), (6,5). Therefore, there are totally 3 occurrences out of 36 occurrences that satisfy the given
condition. Probability whose sum of two numbers is greater than or equal to 11 = 3 / 3 6 = 1 /12. Hence probability
whose sum of two numbers is lesser than 11 = 1 - 1 / 1 2 = 11/12.

When 4 dice are thrown, what is the probability that the same number appears on each of them?
(1) 1/36 (2) 1/18 (3) 1/216 (4) 1/5
Correct Answer - (3)
Solution:
Sample space (Denominator); When 4 dice are thrown simultaneously, then the total number of possible outcomes
\$ 6 a = 1296. Event (Numerator): The chances that all the dice show same number {(1,1,1,1), (2,2,2,2), (3,3,3,3),
(4,4,4,4), (5,5,5,5), (6,6,6,6)} is 6. Probability = Event/Sample space = 6/64 = 1/63 = 1/216.
An experiment succeeds twice as often as it fails. What is the probability that in the next 5 trials there will be four
successes?
(1) 0 (2) (2/3)M (3) 5*((2/3)M)*(1/3) (4) {(2/3)M)"(1/3)
Correct Answer - (3)
Solution:
An experiment succeeds twice as often as it fails, i.e. the probability of its success is 2/3 and the probability of its
failure is 1/3. In the next 5 trials the experiment needs to succeed in 4 out of the 5 trials. 4 out of the 5 trials in which
it succeeds could be selected in 5C4 ways = 5 ways. And as 4 of them are successes, they have a probability of 2/3
and the one that is a failure will have a probability of 1/3. Hence, the required probability = 5*((2/3)M)*(1/3)

An anti aircraft gun can fire four shots at a time. If the probabilities of the first, second, third and the last shot hitting
the enemy aircraft are 0.7, 0.6, 0,5 and 0.4, what is the probability that four shots aimed at an enemy aircraft will
bring the aircraft down?
(1) 0.084 (2) 0.916 (3) 0.036 (4) 0.964
Correct Answer-(4)
Solution:
The enemy aircraft will be brought down even if one of the four shots hits the aircraft. The opposite of this situation
is that none of the four shots hit the aircraft. The probability that none of the four shots hit the aircraft is given by (1-
07)(1-0.6)(1-0.5)( 1-0.4) = 0.3*0.4*0.5*0.6 = 0.036
So, the probability that at least one of the four hits the aircraft = 1 - 0.036 = 0.964.
A number is selected at random from first thirty natural numbers. What is the chance that it is a multiple of either 3
or 13?
(1) 17/30 (2) 2/5 (3) 11/30 (4) 4/15
Correct Answer - (2)
Solution:
The probability that the number is a multiple of 3 is 10/30. (Since 3*10 = 30). Similarly the probability that the
number is a multiple of 13 is 2/30. (Since 13*2 = 26). Neither 3 nor 13 has common multiple from 1 to 30. Hence
these events are mutually exclusive events. Therefore chance that the selected number is a multiple of 3 or 13 is
(10+2X30 = 2/5

A man can hit a target once in 4 shots. If he fires 4 shots in succession, what is the probability that he will hit his target?
10 1
1 (2)

(3) (4) 256

Correct choice - (4) Correct Answer -
( Explanatory Answer
The man will hit the target even if he hits it
m once or twice or thrice or all four times in the four shots that he takes.
So, the only case where the man will not 256) hit the target is when he fails to hit the target even in one of the four
shots

Page 2 of 8