Pipe Pressure Loss Calculation Methods Arash - Dejkam

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Pipe Pressure Loss Calculation Methods

Principal Equaltions
Two principal equations used in computing pressure loss in pipes are:
Darcy-Weisbach Equation
Where l is pipe length, d is pipe diameter, v is average fluid velocity, is friction factor and h is amount of pressure loss.
Most pressure loss calculation methods are means to find which will then be used in Darcy equation to calculate pressure
loss.
Reinolds Number
Where V is average fluid velocity, d is pipe diameter, is fluid viscosity.

Reinolds Number indicates amount of fluid turbulency, it is used in many pressure loss calculation methods as input
parameter.
Pressure Loss Calculation Methods
Equation for Laminar Flow
Only for laminar flow (Re<2300).
file:///C|/Documents%20and%20Settings/venkateshsg/M...ss%20Calculation%20Methods%20-%20Arash%20Dejkam.htm (1 of 9)6/29/2007 5:16:20 PM
Konakov Equation
Only for smooth pipes and when reinolds number is between 2300 and 106.
Blasius Equation
Hermann Equation
Only for smooth pipes and when reinolds number is between 2x104 and 2x106.
Prandtle Equation
Only for smooth pipes and when reinolds number is between 2300 and 4x106.
Nikoradze Equation
Altshul Equation
Where k is absolute roughness (height of bumps on inside pipe surface) and d is pipe diameter.
Colebrook Equation
Karman Equation
Karman Equation 2
Austrian Engineers Society Equation
Where V is average floid velocity, s is pressure loss per pipe length unit (Hydraulic Dip) and n is obtained from table below:
Where k is in meters.
Chezy Equation
Where V is velocity in feet R is hydraulic radius in feet which is d/4 for pipes with circle profile and C equation's coefficient
which can be obtained from table below:
Pipe Type
C coefficient
Very Smooth Pipe
140
Smooth and New Cast-Iron Pipe
130
Average Cast-Iron Pipe, New Steel Pipe, Sewerage Pipe
110
Old Cast-Iron Pipe
100
Very Old Cast-Iron Pipe
80
Hazen-Williams Equation
Where V is velocity in feet per second R is hydraulic radius in feet and C equation's coefficient obtained from table below:
Nominal
Diameter in
Inches
Actual Diameter
in Inches
Velocity in feet per second

1
10
15
20
3/4
0.824
77
81
84
86
87
88
90
92
94
96
1.048
79
84
86
88
89
90
92
94
97
99
1 1/4
1.380
81
85
88
90
91
93
94
96
99
101
1 1/2
1.61
82
87
89
90
93
94
96
97
101
103
2.0
84
88
90
93
94
95
98
99
103
105
2 1/2
2.5
85
89
92
94
96
97
100
101
104
106
87
90
94
96
98
99
101
103
106
108
95
101
104
106
107
108
111
114
116
120
97
103
106
107
110
111
114
115
118
121
99
104
107
110
111
114
115
116
121
123
101
106
110
112
114
115
118
120
123
127
10
10
103
108
112
114
116
118
120
121
125
129
12
12
105
110
114
116
118
120
121
123
127
131
15
15
106
112
115
118
120
121
123
125
129
134
18
18
108
114
116
120
121
123
125
127
131
136
20
20
110
115
118
121
123
125
127
129
134
136
24
24
111
116
120
123
125
127
129
131
136
138
30
30
114
118
121
125
127
129
131
134
138
141
36
36
115
120
123
127
129
131
134
136
141
144
42
42
116
121
125
129
131
134
136
138
141
144
48
48
118
123
127
129
131
134
136
138
144
147
60
60
120
125
129
131
134
136
138
141
147
150
72
72
121
127
131
134
136
138
141
144
147
150
84
84
123
129
134
136
138
141
144
147
150
153
96
96
125
131
136
138
141
144
147
147
153
157
Colebrook's Main Equation
Plotted version of this equation is called Moody diagram which is a very popular method for computing pressure loss.
Swamee-Jain Equation
This equation actually estimates Colebrook's equation above with 2-5% error.
General Table 1
This table gives friction factor for certain pipe diameter and fluid velocity. Any value obtained from the table should be
multiplied by 10-4.
Nominal
Diameter in
Inches
Actual Diameter
in Inches
Velocity in Feet per Second

1
10
15
20
3/4
0.824
430
390
365
350
340
330
320
305
290
280
1.048
415
370
350
335
325
315
305
295
275
265
1 1/4
1.38
395
355
335
320
310
300
290
280
265
255
1 1/2
1.61
385
345
325
315
300
295
280
275
255
245
370
334
315
300
290
285
270
265
245
235
2 1/2
2.5
355
325
305
290
280
275
260
255
240
230
345
315
295
280
270
265
255
245
230
220
285
255
240
230
225
220
210
200
190
180
275
245
230
225
215
210
200
195
185
175
265
240
225
215
210
200
195
190
175
170
255
230
215
205
200
195
185
180
170
160
10
10
245
220
205
200
190
185
180
175
165
155
12
12
235
215
200
190
185
180
175
170
160
150
14
14
233
210
197
188
183
178
170
165
155
148
16
16
228
205
194
185
180
175
167
162
152
145
18
18
220
200
190
180
175
170
165
160
150
140
20
20
215
195
185
175
170
165
160
155
145
140
24
24
210
190
180
170
165
160
155
150
140
135
30
30
200
185
175
165
160
155
150
145
135
130
36
36
195
180
170
160
155
150
145
140
130
125
42
42
190
175
165
155
150
145
140
135
130
125
48
48
185
170
160
155
150
145
140
135
125
120
60
60
180
165
155
150
145
140
135
130
120
115
72
72
175
160
150
145
140
135
130
125
120
115
84
84
170
155
145
140
135
130
125
120
115
110
96
96
165
150
140
135
130
125
120
120
110
105
General Table 2
This table gives friction factor for a certain pipe type, pipe diameter and fluid velocity. Any value obtained from the table
should be multiplied by 10-4.
Pipe
Diameter
in Inches
Velocity in Feet per Second

Pipe Type
1
10
15
20
30
old
435
415
410
405
400
395
395
390
385
375
370
average
355
320
310
300
290
285
280
270
260
250
250
new
300
265
250
240
230
225
220
210
200
190
185
very smooth
240
205
190
180
170
165
155
150
140
130
120
old
425
410
405
400
395
395
390
385
380
375
365
average
335
310
300
285
280
275
265
260
250
240
235
new
275
250
240
225
220
210
205
200
190
180
175
very smooth
220
190
175
165
160
150
145
140
130
120
115
old
420
405
400
395
390
385
380
375
370
365
360
average
320
300
285
280
270
265
260
250
240
235
225
new
265
240
225
220
210
205
200
190
185
175
170
very smooth
205
180
165
155
150
140
135
130
120
115
110
old
415
405
400
395
390
385
380
375
370
365
360
10
12
16
20
24
30
36
48
average
315
295
280
270
265
260
255
245
240
230
225
new
260
230
220
210
205
200
190
185
180
170
165
very smooth
200
170
160
150
145
135
130
125
115
110
105
old
415
400
395
395
390
385
380
375
365
360
355
average
310
285
275
265
260
255
250
240
235
225
220
new
250
225
210
205
200
195
190
180
175
165
160
very smooth
190
165
150
140
140
135
125
120
115
110
105
old
405
395
390
385
380
375
370
365
360
350
350
average
300
280
265
260
255
250
240
235
225
215
210
new
240
220
205
200
195
190
180
175
170
160
155
very smooth
180
155
140
135
130
125
120
115
110
105
100
old
400
395
390
385
380
375
370
365
360
350
350
average
290
275
265
255
250
245
235
230
220
215
205
new
230
210
200
195
190
180
175
170
165
160
150
very smooth
170
150
135
130
125
120
115
110
105
100
95
old
400
395
385
380
375
370
365
360
355
350
345
average
285
265
255
250
245
240
230
225
220
210
200
new
225
200
195
190
185
180
175
170
165
155
150
very smooth
165
140
135
125
120
120
115
110
105
100
95
old
400
385
380
375
370
365
360
355
350
350
345
average
280
255
250
245
240
230
225
220
210
205
200
new
220
195
190
185
180
175
170
165
160
155
150
very smooth
160
135
130
120
115
115
110
110
105
100
95
old
395
385
375
370
365
360
355
355
350
345
340
average
275
255
245
240
235
230
225
220
210
200
195
new
215
195
185
180
175
170
165
160
155
150
145
very smooth
150
135
125
120
115
110
110
105
100
95
90
old
395
385
370
365
360
355
350
350
345
340
335
average
265
250
240
230
225
220
215
210
200
195
190
new
205
190
180
175
170
165
160
155
150
145
140
very smooth
140
125
120
115
110
110
105
100
95
90
90
German Engineers Society Tables
This table directly gives pressure loss in meters of H20 for a certain pipe type, pipe diameter and flow.
Flow in litres per second
Diameter in millimeters
40
50
70
80
100
125
150
33.5
10.8
1.78
0.93
0.32
1.5
75
22.4
3.8
1.96
130
38.5
6.5
282
83.5
4
5
0.66
0.22
0.09
3.3
1.12
0.37
0.15
14
7.05
2.35
0.77
0.31
0.074
145
24.1
12.1
3.98
1.31
0.52
0.123
0.042
221
37
18.5
6.05
1.96
0.78
0.185
0.062
200
250
300
312
52.5
26
8.58
2.74
1.09
0.255
0.087
0.033
70.1
34.9
11.5
3.6
1.45
0.339
0.114
0.044
91.5
45.2
14.7
4.65
1.84
0.43
0.145
0.056
114
56.5
18.3
5.75
2.29
0.53
0.178
0.07
10
140
69.5
22.3
2.79
0.65
0.218
0.085
151
49
15.3
5.95
1.36
0.45
0.178
84
26.3
10.3
2.32
0.76
0.302
30
57
22
1.6
0.64
40
98
37.5
8.65
2.75
1.09
50
57
13.3
4.21
1.65
60
80
18.8
5.95
2.34
25.3
8.05
3.12
1000
1100
1200
15
20
70
400
500
600
700
800
900
10
0.021
15
0.044
20
0.075
0.025
30
0.157
0.052
0.02
40
0.265
0.088
0.035
0.017
50
0.405
0.132
0.052
0.026
0.014
60
0.565
0.184
0.074
0.036
0.018
0.011
70
0.755
0.245
0.098
0.047
0.025
0.014
40
50
70
80
100
125
150
200
250
300
80
32.9
10.3
4.05
90
41.2
13
5.05
100
50.5
15.9
6.2
34.1
13.65
150
200
23.5
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000
80
0.97
0.314
0.125
0.06
0.031
0.018
0.011
90
1.32
0.39
0.156
0.074
0.039
0.022
0.013
100
1.49
0.48
0.19
0.09
0.047
0.027
0.016
0.01
150
3.22
1.02
0.405
0.192
0.099
0.056
0.034
0.021
0.014
200
5.55
1.75
0.695
0.325
0.17
0.094
0.056
0.035
0.023
300
12.1
3.8
1.5
0.7
0.363
0.199
0.12
0.073
0.048
400
20.9
6.6
2.6
1.2
0.62
0.339
0.202
0.124
0.082
10.2
3.95
1.85
0.94
0.515
0.31
0.19
0.123
500
1100
1200
600
14.4
5.6
2.6
1.32
0.725
0.437
0.265
0.174
700
19
7.55
3.5
1.77
0.975
0.582
0.355
0.231
800
9.7
4.49
2.29
1.25
0.75
0.452
0.295
900
12.2
5.6
2.85
1.58
0.94
0.57
0.37
1000
14.8
8.85
3.52
1.94
1.15
0.695
0.455
14.8
7.7
4.23
2.5
1.51
0.99
7.4
4.3
2.6
1.71
9.4
5.7
3.7
1500
2000
3000
4000
6.35
40
50
70
80
100
125
33
10
1.8
0.9
0.3
0.94
1.5
74
22
3.8
1.9
0.63
0.205
0.78
125
39
6.5
3.25
1.08
0.36
0.138
275
83
14.5
7.3
2.32
0.75
0.295
0.076
475
150
25
12.8
1.3
0.51
0.128
0.039
230
39
19.8
6.2
0.79
0.192
0.06
320
56
28.3
2.8
1.12
0.271
0.086
0.034
76
38.5
12
3.8
1.5
0.365
0.115
0.046
100
49.5
15.5
4.95
1.95
0.46
0.147
0.059
125
62
19.6
6.2
2.45
0.58
0.183
0.074
10
77
24.5
7.7
2.95
0.7
0.224
0.091
15
175
54
16.8
6.45
1.52
0.48
0.196
95
29.6
11.2
2.6
0.845
0.34
65
25
5.8
1.85
0.73
40
44
10.2
3.2
1.28
50
68
16
4.95
1.95
60
22.7
2.78
70
30.3
9.4
3.7
20
30
150
250
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000
0.014
10
0.021
15
0.045
20
0.078
0.025
30
0.168
0.055
0.022
40
0.285
0.098
0.037
0.018
50
0.435
0.145
0.057
0.027
0.014
0.027
60
0.61
0.205
0.081
0.038
0.0195
0.011
70
0.83
0.275
0.108
0.051
0.026
0.0145
200
1100
1200
40
50
70
80
100
125
150
200
250
300
39
12.2
4.8
90
15.3
100
19
7.4
150
42.5
16.5
80
200
29
300
65
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000
80
1.07
0.36
0.14
0.064
0.033
0.0185
0.0108
90
1.35
0.45
0.17
0.08
0.041
0.023
0.0135
100
1.65
0.55
0.21
0.097
0.05
0.028
0.0165
0.012
150
3.7
1.2
0.46
0.215
0.108
0.06
0.036
0.022
0.0145
200
6.5
2.6
0.8
0.37
0.185
0.103
0.061
0.038
0.025
300
14.5
4.55
1.76
0.81
0.41
0.23
0.132
0.083
0.054
400
25
3.1
1.42
0.72
0.4
0.23
0.145
0.094
500
12.5
4.8
2.2
1.1
0.61
0.355
0.22
0.145
600
18
6.8
3.2
1.55
0.87
0.51
0.31
0.205
700
24.5
9.2
4.25
2.1
1.17
0.69
0.42
0.275
800
12
5.5
2.68
1.5
0.9
0.55
0.355
900
15.4
3.4
1.9
1.12
0.7
0.45
1000
19
8.6
4.2
2.31
1.37
0.85
0.55
18.5
9.5
5.1
1.85
1.2
5.4
3.2
2.08
4.55
1500
2000
3000
4000
1100
1200
7.9
Copyright 2001-2005 Arash Dejkam

Pipe Pressure Loss Calculation Methods Arash - Dejkam

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