Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Services:
1. Experimental and intangible/invisible 2. Simultaneous (real time, face-to-face delivery) 3. Location specific 4. Cannot be stored
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Add value to other processes Adding intelligent value
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Without services there could be no functioning economy!
Inbound flow
Outbound flow
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Services account of BOP
Services
A. Traded Services 1. Trade Consumer Example : Tourism health 2. Trade Business
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B. Facilitative services
1. Facilitational Logistic
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Accounting (Profesional Services)
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Technology intensive Knowledge intensive # Skills # expertise Increasingly exposed to international dimension Capacity Efficiency Competitive
Accounting Like :
# # # Advertising Consulting Computer services
Professional services
Accounting, auditing, tax related management consulting Include: # Computer system for business transaction processing # Provision of information to management
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Rely heavily on # Skill # talent
Of key individuals and rain makers
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1. HRD problem 2. Ideas processes combined with technology + remote delivery
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"
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Dimungkinkan karena ekonomi dunia menjadi : # Bonderless # Tidak tergantung waktu (via telecom, wireless, paperless)
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ketergantungan ekonomi kepada: # International trade meningkat # International finance meningkat # International ervices meningkat
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Paradigma shift
Triple T Revolution
& Transportation " role of distance ! " transportation cost " location decline! & Telekom " time ! " telecom cost % & Travel " global awareness " travel cost
%
Awareness of changes
4a
Alternatives opportunities choices
Choices of :
# # # # # Goods Services Money (currency) Capital Information knowledge knowhow technology
Semakin banyak jumlah dan variasinya at all levels of economics and social activiteies
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4b
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Penyebab Globalisasi
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Triple T Revolution containerisation, ' Trucks, train, ships, cargo plane, air and seaports, software dev. & Global door-to-door, multi modal through-freight system
T1 Transportation "
T2 Telecomunication "
digitalisation ' stelite, optic fibre, computer & global person-to-person, integrated services digital network (ISDN)
T3 Travel/tourism "
mass travel, ' jumbo jets, aiports & long haul direct mass travel
& Transportation / freihgt cost turun & Communication / information cost turun & Travel cost turun
& Globalisasi
! "prices turun (world inflation turun) " profit margin turun "
requirement meningkat for : productivity efficiency delivery quality
" just in time (JIT/Kanban) " total quality control (kaizen TQC), TQM
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zero deffect
Processing (TQC, TQM) ZD
Output delivery
LAKU KERAS
%
DANA
& Megacompetition Menuntut perusahaan untuk sadar lingkungan o Operational o Industrial o External
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Menuntut : Informatin intensive Knowledge intensive activities
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! " Anywhere
Menuntut motivasi & partisipasi manpower (workers and managers) yang committed to : deliver the best, customised, on time Every time! at : competitive price
Globalisasi
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Pendorong baru strata menengah (bukan middle class) information haves
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& Basisnya: Profesionalisme Urban area Modern sectors Close interface between: - business - academia
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California style of life spending behaviour