INCLUDING : Inspection, Testing Analyzing Trouble shooting Correction and Improving

Siswanto Power Generation Services Specialist Engineer Mobile phone: 081 311422270 Email: sis_cahya@yahoo.com, siscahyabhuwana@gmail.com, siscahya@kagamavirtual.com www.sispowergeneration.blogspot.com

Curriculum Vitae
Full Name Marital Status Religious Language Website : : : : : Siswanto Married Moslem Indonesia and English

www.sispowergeneration.blogspot.com http://cr4.globalspec.com/member?u=14927
EDUCATION

FNT-ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING Gadjah Mada University. Yogyakarta

COURSE PROGRAM EXPERIENCES

Course experiences for Rotating Electric Machinerys Maintenance Management as Instructor

No
1

Company
PT. Batu Bara Bukit Asam Tanjung Enim PT. PLN Pembangkitan Jawa Bali PT. Kaltim Parna Industri

Site Course
Tg. Enim. Sumatera Tretes. East Java Sofyan Hotel

Day 4

Class 2

Course
Salient Pole Generator and Electric Motor inspection, testing, analysis and improvement High Voltage Generator and Electric Motor inspection, testing, analysis and improvement High Voltage Generator and Electric Motor inspection, testing, analysis and improvement

No
4

Company
PT. Semen Padang PT. Petrokima Gresik PT. Krakatau Steel .Cilegon PT. Pertamina Persero DOH JBB PT. Power Gen. Paiton PT. ISM Bogasari Flour Mills PT. PLN Pembangkitan Jawa Bali , Gresik PT. Astra Honda Motor PT. Showa Esterindo Indonesia, Cilegon PT. MC Pet Film Indonesia, Cilegon

Site Course
Treva Hotel.Jakarta Sofyan Hotel. Jakarta Sofyan Hotel. Jakarta IBIS Hotel. Jakarta Treva Hotel.Jakarta Treva Hotel.Jakarta Treva Hotel.Jakarta Treva Hotel.Jakarta Treva Hotel.Jakarta Treva Hotel.Jakarta Cileungsi ISBI Building

Day 4

Class 2

Course
High Voltage Generator and Electric Motor inspection, testing, analysis and improvement High Voltage Generator and Electric Motor inspection, testing, analysis and improvement Electric Motor inspection, testing, analysis and improvement Electric Motor inspection, testing, analysis and improvement Electric Motor inspection, testing, analysis and improvement Electric Motor inspection, testing, analysis and improvement High VoltageTurbo Generator inspection, testing, analysis, improvement Electric Motor inspection, testing, analysis and improvement Electric Motor inspection, testing, analysis and improvement Electric Motor inspection, testing, analysis and improvement - Low Voltage Salient Pole Generator, Inspection, Testing, Analysis , Improvement and Repair - Electric Motor inspection, testing, analysis and repair - Low Voltage Salient Pole Generator, Inspection, Testing, Analysis , Improvement and Repair - Electric Motor inspection, testing, analysis and repair Electric Motors, Repair, Testing, Analysis

5 6 7 8 9

2 2 2 2 2

1 1 1 1 1

10

11 12 13

2 2 2

1 1 1

14

PUSDIKLAT ISBI (Institut Semen Beton Indonesia),

15

PUSDIKLAT ISBI (Institut Semen Beton Indonesia),

Cileungsi ISBI Building

16

PT. PINDAD, Bandung

PINDAD

Page(s): 2 of 6

No
17 18 19 20

Company
BKPM. Jakarta PT PLN PJB PT. PLN Indonesia Power CEVRON Indonesia

Site Course
BKPM Bldg Inna Garuda, Yogya PLN Build. Jakarta Papandayan Hotel. Bnadung Aqua Factory. Sukabumi

Day 2 2 2 2

Class 1 1 1 1

Course
Electrical Machine for Non Electrician High Voltage Turbo Generator inspection, testing, analysis, improvement High Voltage Turbo Generator inspection, testing, analysis, Electric Motors, Repair, Testing, Analysis Power Transformer Inspection, Testing and Fault Analysis - High Voltage Turbo Generator, Inspection, Testing, Analysis , Improvement and Repair - Electric Motor inspection, testing, analysis and repair Power Transformer Inspection, Testing and Fault Analysis - Power Transformer Diagnostic and analysis, - Electric Motor inspection, testing, analysis and repair - High Voltage Turbo Generator, Inspection, Testing, Analysis , Improvement and Repair - Power Transformer Diagnostic and analysis. - Electric Motor inspection, testing, analysis and repair - Moisture Analysis on Power Transformer using PDC and FDS - Site measurement using DIRANA for HV Motor and 145 MW ABB Generator

21

PT.AQUA DANONE

22

PT PLN PJB

Salak Hotel, Bogor

23

PT Polysindo

Polysindo Factory, Krawang Timur Indocement Factory, Citereup

24

PT. Indocement Tunggal Prakarsa

25

PT. Petro Kimia Gresik

Petro Kimia Factory

26

PT PLN PJB

Unit Muara Karang

Page(s): 3 of 6

No
27

Company
PT PLN PJB

Site Course
Salak Hotel Bogor

Day 2

Class 1

Course
Power Transformer Diagnostic and analysis - High Voltage Turbo Generator, Inspection, Testing, Analysis , Improvement and Repair - Electric Motor inspection, testing, analysis and repair - Power Transformer Diagnostic and analysis

28

PT. Petro Kimia Gresik

Petro Kimia Factory

29

PT. Petro Kimia Gresik

Petro Kimia Factory

Power Generating Project Experiences

1. Major Overhaul 49.5 MVA / 11500V / 3000 RPM, GE Generator .PT Petro Kimia Gresik Main activities: - Overhaul Stator Rotor - Digital EL CID Test to analysis of stator core - Insulation Power Factor Tangen Delta Test - AC Impedance test on the rotor to analysis of rotor winding - Commissioning 2. Major Overhaul 250 MVA / 15500 V / 3000 RPM / Toshiba Generator. PT.PLN Pembangkitan Jawa Bali. Gresik Main activities : Stator wedges replacement and upgrading material from class B to NEMA G11 Installment of Radial Spring stator wedges Insulation Power Factor Tangen Delta Test Commissioning 3. Re Insulate Stator winding 87.5 MVA / 11000 V / 3000 RPM, Alstom Generator. PT DSS Serang Main activities: Site inspection and fault analysis Re insulate 18 stator bar coils with class F Insulation Insulation Power Factor Tangen Delta Test Bar to Bar analysis Partial Discharge Test Digital EL CID test core stator analysis Commissioning

Page(s): 4 of 6

4. Rewinding Rotor 7.5 MVA / 11000 V / 3000 RPM. Shandong Generator. PT. Pura Barutama Kudus Central Java Main activities: Site Inspection and fault analysis Rewinding rotor with retaining removal AC Impedance Test 5. Rewinding Rotor 6.5 MVA / 6.6 kV / 3000 RPM. Shandong Generator. PGDSU, Cilegon Main activities: Site Inspection and fault analysis Rewinding Rotor 6. Major Overhaul ALSTOM Generator 46.35 MVA / 11000 V / 3000 RPM PT KALTIM DAYA MURNI / Pupuk KALTIM Inspection Insulation Testing Partial Discharge Test Stator core analysis by using Digital EL CID Technology 7. Insulation Assessment of 3.5 MW to 10 MW / 10 KV Electric Motors PT Tanjung Jati B Power Services, JEPARA, Central Java Insulation test Dissipation Power Factor Tangent Delta test 8. Partial Discharge Analysis 100 MW, Mitsubishi Generator, PT PLN PJB Unit Muarakarang. Jakarta 9. Total Rewinding Rotor Including : GE Generator 237 MVA. PT PLN PJB Unit Muarakarang Demagnitizing rotor generator and turbine NDT test Insitu balancing SRO on line test

10.Rewinding Stator Alstom Generator 50 MW / 11 kV, PLN Singkarak 11.Rewinding Stator Alstom Generator 100 MW / 15 kV. PLN Umbilin 12.Inspections 125 MW GE Generator, PT Tugu Kresna Pratama General Insurance / PT.PLN PJB Unit Muara Karang, Jakarta. Inspections including: - Preliminary Inspection - Digital EL CID - Frame Inspection - NDT Inspections Rotor Shaft, RRs - Electric Round-out Rotor Shaft - Recommendations 13.and much more

Page(s): 5 of 6

Power Transformer Project Experiences

1. Inspections, Rewinding 4 x 60 MVA . 150 kV / 20 kV ABB, Unindo and Powel Transformers 2. Inspections, Overhaul and Repair MR OLTC V/ III / 250, V/ I / 750 3. Modifications, Installment RTD Temperature Monitoring to Fiber Optic Transformer (FOT) on 150 kV Transformers 4. Rewinding, Testing Furnace Transformers 25 MVA 20 kV / 400 V, 36 kA 5. Rewinding, Testing Furnace Transformer 40 MVA, 20 kV / 400 V, 50KA 6. Rewinding Transformer with various capacity from 3 MVA to 15 MVA, 20 kV /400 Volts 7. Inspection and Recommendation for Mitsubishi Power Transformer 155 MVA, 150 kV / 11.5 kV. PT. Satria Dharma Pusaka Crawford THG / PT. PLN PJB Muara Karang. Jakarta 8. Inspection, and Recommendation for Hyundai Power Transformer 80 MVA, 150 kV / 22 kV. PT. Satria Dharma Pusaka Crawford THG / PT. Asahimas Chemical. Cilegon. 9. ..and much more

Jakarta, June 14, 2011

Siswanto Mobile: +62 81311422270 Blog ; www.sispowergeneration.blogspot.com

Email: sis_cahya@yahoo.com siscahyabhuwana@gmail.com siscahya@kagamavirtual.com

Page(s): 6 of 6

PowerGeneration

Turbo / Hydro Generator Stator - Rotor Winding Construction / Repair / Inspections / Testing / Analyzing Handbook

March2008editedOctober2010

(TurboandHydroGenerator) Inspections/Testing/Analyzing Handbook

SisCahyaBhuwana

2008

[Generator rotor thermal sensitivity is a phenomenon found on the generator rotor causing change in vibration as the field The most likely problem with operation in the presence of shorted field windings is excessive vibration. This Turbo Generator Stator-Rotor Repair / Inspections / Testing / Analyzing Hand Book is basically used engineer as guidance to selection of insulation material for rewind or reinsulation of rotor turbo generator, with gas cooled or air cooled systems. This Handbook is compiled by Siswanto is based on many literatures and site works projects for services and inspections of turbine generators. This handbook is an effort to provide as much information to our customers as possible in order to select the best material for the optimal performance of the generator. To get in complete material information you can found in our Material Specification Based On NEMA LI-1 Standard, March 2008.

sis_cahya@yahoo.com, siscahyabhuwana@gmail.com Blog: www.sispowergeneration.blogspot.com CR4 Forum : http://cr4.globalspec.com/member?u=14927 Mobile phone : ++62 81 311 422270. Jakarta. INDONESIA Compiled b y : Sisw anto , March 20 08, Telp : 081311422270, Email: sis_cahya@yahoo.com

Page 1 of 142

Turbo / Hydro Generator Stator - Rotor Winding Construction / Repair / Inspections / Testing / Analyzing Handbook

2008

Preface
This Turbo / Hydro Generator Stator - Rotor Repair / Inspection / Testing / Analyzing Hand Book is basically used engineer as guidance to selection of insulation material specification for rewind or reinsulation of Stator - Rotor Turbo / Hydro generator, with gas cooled or air cooled systems, Inspections and Testing. This Handbook is compiled by Siswanto based on many literatures and our site works projects experiences for services and inspections of turbine generators. This handbook is an effort to provide as much information to our customers as possible in order to select the best material for the optimal performance of the generator. To got in complete material information you can found in our Material Specification Based On NEMA LI-1 Standard Handbook, March 2008. In practice during to performed our projects in Indonesia ( Rewinding / Reinsulation / Inspections / Testing / Analyzing of Power generation) is require complex equipments and instruments, to provide that all equipments and instruments we are collaborate with the independent companies ( Non Manufacture Company) they support us by their Equipments / Instruments and Engineers. Evaluation of the actual condition of a generator is a challenging task. Inspection has several limitation: necessary to disassemble components, many areas cannot be seen even with the best tools including robots, results are qualitative and highly operator dependent, time consuming. Each of the many tests also has one or more of several limitations: cannot find local discrete weak areas without risk of insulation breakdown, gives averaging results only, insensitive to vital deterioration mechanisms, requires specialized equipment, personnel hazard. However, the two approaches to generator assessment inspection and test are quite complimentary. The combination of a good testing program and thorough inspection by a skilled and trained individual can give a good assessment of almost all common forms of generator deterioration. On generators that are important to system reliability, it is important that both test and inspection be performed, and that neither be neglected nor superficially done. In this paper inspection equipment and procedures will be discussed rather comprehensively but in relatively non-technical terms. The paper will be heavily illustrated to show actual machine conditions on most all of the known deterioration mechanisms on generators. This information should help those responsible for inspecting generators to better understand the strengths and weaknesses of generator inspection procedures, and provide operators of generators a more reliable inspection of the generator. It should also assist owners of generators in implementing better maintenance practices, and thus reduce maintenance costs and extend reliable life of the generator.

Compiled by : Siswanto , March 2008,

Telp : 081311422270, Email: sis_cahya@yahoo.com

Page 2 of 142

Turbo / Hydro Generator Stator - Rotor Winding Construction / Repair / Inspections / Testing / Analyzing Handbook TABLE OF CONTENTS
TABLE OF CONTENTS Cover Preface Table of content I STATOR A High Voltage Insulation system and construction A.1 A.2 Winding in general Winding construction A.2.1 Coil material A.2.2 Coil winding construction step by step manufacturing process 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. Copper strip (wire strand) Strand / turn insulation Loop winding Roebbeling Coil spreading Coil shape check Ground wall insulation a. Insulation tapping system 8. 9. Wrapping by discontinuous method Wrapping by continuous method

2008

PAGES 1 2 3-7 8 26 8 20 89 9 20 11 12 12 16 12 12 12 12 12 13 13 15 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 18 16 16 17 17 18 - 18 18 18 19 19 19 19 19 19 20 20

Corona protection Coil overhang

10. Coil pressing 11. Coil lead 12. Individual coil testing 13. Post curing

Summary of HV coil test specification B.1 Special Test 1 2 B.2 Voltage Endurance Test Thermal Cycling

20 23 24 25 24 24 25 25 25 26

Coil Installation

Compiled by : Siswanto , March 2008,

Telp : 081311422270, Email: sis_cahya@yahoo.com

Page 3 of 142

Turbo / Hydro Generator Stator - Rotor Winding Construction / Repair / Inspections / Testing / Analyzing Handbook
II ROTOR A Rotor turbo Generator A.1 A.2 B Rotor Winding Parts Coil Winding Configuration and Material

2008
27 43 27 40 27 29 29 39 40 43

Salient Poles

III

INSPECTION AND TESTING A B Inspection Quality Plan Testing Basic Concept B.1 B.2 B.3 C Stator Insulation aging mechanism Basic Inspection Level Life Time Analysis

43 121 44 47 47 51 47 48 49 - 49 50 - 51 51 - 53 51 51 51 52 52 52 52 53 54 - 72 54 55 56 56 56 59 59 60 61 62 62 69 70 70 70 70 71 72 72 81 72 72 72 72 73 73 73 73 74 81

Testing in basic concept Explanation C.1 C.2 C.3 C.4 Monitoring Level 1 (generator on line ) Monitoring Level 2 Monitoring Level 3 Monitoring Level 4

Stator Testing D.1 D.2 D.3 D.4 D.5 D.6 D.7 D.8 D.9 Insulation Resistance and Polarization Index (PI) Winding Resistance Hi Pot Test ELCID Test Insulation Dissipation Power Factor and Tip Up Partial Discharge Natural Frequency Contact Coefficient ( Coupling Resistance ) PDCA (Polarisation Depolarisation Current Analysis)

Rotor Testing E.1 E.2 IR / PI / PDC Turn to Turn Short Test 1. RSO (Recurrent Surge Oscillation) 2. AC Impedance 3. On Line Rotor Inspection

Compiled by : Siswanto , March 2008,

Telp : 081311422270, Email: sis_cahya@yahoo.com

Page 4 of 142

Turbo / Hydro Generator Stator - Rotor Winding Construction / Repair / Inspections / Testing / Analyzing Handbook

2008

a. Introduction b. Online Rotor Short Detection c. The Causes of Shorted Turn F VISUAL INSPECTION F.1 STATOR 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. Frame Stator Extension HV Winding & Flexible Bus Connection End Winding, Connection Rings and Support Blocking Condition and Ties Surge Rings Insulation Condition Surge Rings Support Assembly Core Compression Nuts and Bolts Out Going Cable Support Insulation Condition Tape Separation Insulation Galling Insulation Bulging End Winding Blocking Coil and Ties Corona Activity RTD and TC Fan Baffle Support Stud Endwinding Support Hardware Circumferential Bus Insulation Bar Bottomed in Slot Core Inspection Lamination Bent or Broken Wedge Mapping a. Wedge Function b. Acceptance criteria c. New Stator wedge d. Stator wedge Design

74 74 75 79 79 81 82 118 82 99 83 83 83 83 84 84 84 89 85 85 85 85 86 86 86 86 86 87 87 87 87 88 88 88 88 88 89 89 89 89 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 91 91 91 92 92 98 92 93 93 93 94 95 95 95

Compiled by : Siswanto , March 2008,

Telp : 081311422270, Email: sis_cahya@yahoo.com

Page 5 of 142

Turbo / Hydro Generator Stator - Rotor Winding Construction / Repair / Inspections / Testing / Analyzing Handbook

2008

e. Material 23. F.2 Core Dampen Bars

96 98 98 99 100 - 118 100 - 110 100 100 100 101 101 102 102 103 104 106 106 107 107 110 111 115 116 118 116 116 116 116 117 117 117 118 118 118 119 121

ROTOR INSPECTION F.2.1 ROTOR TURBO GENERATOR 1. Rotor Cleanliness 2. Rotor Wedge Inspection 3. Retaining Rings Visual Appearance 4. End Winding Blocking 5. Retaining Ring Removal Inspections 6. Rotor Forging NDT Inspection 7. Degaussing 8. Schematic Rotor Area Prone to Damage F.2.2 ROTOR HYDRO GENERATOR / SALIENT POLES 1. Rotor Cleanliness 2. V Block Rotor inspection 3. Insulation Between Turn 4. Starting Bars (Damper Bars Winding ) 5. Bull Rings Segment and Brazing to Starting Bars

GENERATOR PROJECT PROFILE

IV

ROTOR THERMAL SENSITIVITY PHENOMENAS A B C Theory Testing for Thermal Sensitivity Cause Thermal Sensitivity 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Shorted Turn Blocked Ventilation Insulation Variation Wedge Fix Distance Block Fitting Retaining Ring / Centering Rings Assy Tight Slots

122 - 128 122 122 123 124 124 128 125 125 125 125 126 126 126 126 127 127 127 127 128 128

Compiled by : Siswanto , March 2008,

Telp : 081311422270, Email: sis_cahya@yahoo.com

Page 6 of 142

Turbo / Hydro Generator Stator - Rotor Winding Construction / Repair / Inspections / Testing / Analyzing Handbook

2008

8 D

Heat Sensitivity Rotor Forging

128 128 129 139 129 129 129 129 130 131 131 139 131 132 132 134 134 138 139 139 139 139

PROJECT EXPERIENCES 1 2 3 4 Background Loading Data before Repair Rotor Removal Thermal Sensitivity Test After Repair a. Dynamic Test b. Static Test c. Loading Data and Thermal Vector 5 6 Start up procedure Annex Data Test Thermal Sensitivity

REFERENCES

140 - 142

Compiled by : Siswanto , March 2008,

Telp : 081311422270, Email: sis_cahya@yahoo.com

Page 7 of 142

SISWANTOCAHYABHUWANA 081311422270,081398199500

PowerTransformer FaultDiagnostics
Inspections,Testing, Analyzing,
Siswanto :

2009

PRIVATECOLLECTIONS
PDF processed with CutePDF evaluation edition www.CutePDF.com

POWER TRANSFORMER DIAGNOSTICS AND CORRECTION

INSPECTION, TESTING, ANALYZING, CORRECTION

PREFACE

Power transformer is an electric machine with a useful life cycle of some 30 years, The really important fact is to know the status and evolution of the transformer to be in conditions to operate it with the maximum security and know if it is appropriate to continue its use, know inspections, testing, analysis, refurbish it or either take it out from active service, maintenance techniques that from an electric point of view and through some field tests are going to allow to trace the transformer status as indicated and in the case of breakdown diligently detect the real problem and perform the required actions. The course covers transformers used in commercial and industrial power distribution systems, including oil and dry-type units. Load and no-load tap changer maintenance, ac and dc testing, routine inspections and oil sampling and testing are covered in detail. This Hand-out is compiled by Siswanto based on many literatures and site works projects for services and inspections of Power Transformer since year 2004. This hand-out is an effort to provide as much information to our customers / course participants as possible in order to select the best inspections / testing and refurbish method for the optimal performance of the Power transformer.

Document File Doc. Prep & Issued by Dtd. Doc issue Revised / edited . Contact address Mobile phone

Page(s): 2 of 191 C:\SiS_File\Sis SEMINAR\MATERI SEMINAR\Printing_Doc\Tot_Maint\X_MER_New.doc siswanto August 2005 Oct 2009 Nov 09 Email : sis_cahya@yahoo.com 081 398 199500 081 311 422270

POWER TRANSFORMER DIAGNOSTICS AND CORRECTION

INSPECTION, TESTING, ANALYZING, CORRECTION

TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page(s) TABLE OF CONTENT A. TRANSFORMER BASIC DESIGN Magnectic Core o o o o Core material Core Insulation Material Core Cosntructions Core Clamping Constructions 15 - 21 16 16 17 - 21 17 17 18 19 20 20 - 21 22 - 23 24 - 88 24 25 - 52 25 - 49 49 - 51 51 51 51 - 52 53 - 65 53 53 Winding Materials Wire form Coil Insulation Materials o B. C. Inter Turn Layer Insulations Crossover Pad Insulations Insulation Between Winding Axial / Radial Spacer Punching Spacer 3- 5 7 21 7 - 15

Effective Conductor / winding o o o

Coil Clamping Construction

INSPECTION ITEMS TRANSFORMER CONDITION ASSESSMENT (RISK ASSESSMENT GUIDE) Condition Indicator and Transformer Index TIER One o o o o Condition Indicator 1, Insulation Oil Analysis Condition Indicator 2, Power Factor and Capacitance Test Condition Indicator 3, Maintenance History Condition Indicator 4, Age o TIER Two o o T2-1. Transformer Turn Ratio Test (TTR) T2-2. Short Circuit Impedance Test Tier 1 Transformer Condition Summary

Document File Doc. Prep & Issued by Dtd. Doc issue Revised / edited . Contact address Mobile phone

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POWER TRANSFORMER DIAGNOSTICS AND CORRECTION

INSPECTION, TESTING, ANALYZING, CORRECTION

o o o o o o o -

T2.3. Core To Ground Test T2.4. Winding DC Resistatance Test T2.5. Ultrasonic test T2.6. Vibration Analysis T2.7. Sweep Frequency Response Analysis Test (SFRA) T2.8. Internal Inspection T.2.9 Degree Of Polymerization (DP)

55 54 - 55 55 - 56 56 - 57 57 - 63 63 65 65 - 66 66 - 68 69 - 72 73 - 88 73 73 - 75 74 74 75 75 - 83 83 85 85 - 88 89 - 135 90 - 118 118 - 128 118 - 123 119 119 120 - 123 124 125 125 - 126 126 - 127 127 - 128 128 - 134 135 - 155

Transformer Condition Assessment Summary Form Furan Diagnosing a Transformer Problems using Duval Analysis Physical Transformer Oil Test o o o o o o o NN (Neutralization Number) Oil Power Factor Test Visual Examination Sediment Specific gravity Detail Physical Oil Inspection Quality Index M.I.N

D.

Transformer Oil Classification

TRANSFORMER PHYSICAL AND MECHANICAL INSPECTION Cooling Systems Control Protection equipments o Thermal Protection Top Oil Thermometer Winding Temperature Thermometer Fiber Optic Temperature Sensor (FOT) o o o o o Oil Level Protection Protective Against Internal Failure Protection Against Internal Over Pressure Protection Of The Oil Protection Systems DGPT

Transformer Bushing Inspection

E.

ON LOAD TAP CHANGER (OLTC)

Document File Doc. Prep & Issued by Dtd. Doc issue Revised / edited . Contact address Mobile phone

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POWER TRANSFORMER DIAGNOSTICS AND CORRECTION

INSPECTION, TESTING, ANALYZING, CORRECTION

Function and type of Tap Changer Safety Devices o o o Protective Relay Rupture Disk MPReC Pressure Relieve Devices

135 - 139 139 - 140 139 140 140 141 142 - 143 143 - 146 146 - 150 150 - 151 151 - 154 154 - 155 156 186 157 - 158 159 - 160 160 - 161 161 - 162 162 163 - 166 167 - 168 168 - 169 169 170 - 173 174 177 178 - 186 187 - 189 190 - 191

F. G. H.

Tap Changer Designation Inspection Schedule Dismantling, Inspection and Cleaning Procedure Inspection Plan Cleaning Re Assembly Oil Filling Across Winding Resistance Measurement Winding DC Resistance to Ground ( Megger ) Capacitive Power Factor (Doble Test) Transformer Turn Ration (TTR) Test Step Voltage Test Insulation Power Factor Test DC Over Potential Test Induced Over Voltage Test Polarity Test Vector Group No Load and Load Test Sound Level

ELECTRICAL TESTING

TRANSFORMER DIAGNOSTICS / CONDITION SUMMARY REFERENCES

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Electric rotating machinerys maintenance

Electric Motor Basic Theory, Operation and Application

Wound stator / rotor windings operating in utility and industrial plants have failed when exposed to the fast rise-time voltage surges coming from unbalance load, drives, breaker, lightning impulse, etc. Machine failure is due to a combination of bad luck in winding insulation process and material quality show that these surges destroy the turnto-turn and/or phase-to-phase insulation, resulting in premature machine failure.

The fast rise-time voltage surges can lead to an electrical breakdown of the turn insulation in motors stator windings . If the turn insulation is of an insufficient thickness, or has aged in service, the insulation will puncture when a short rise-time voltage surge occurs. Punctured turn insulation allows for a very high circulating current to flow into the affected copper turn, rapidly melting the copper conductors, which, in turn, results in a consequent burning/melting of the slot liner insulation, thus leading to a stator winding ground fault .

Expert staff and specialized facilities and transfer the know-how in depth experiences to deliver reliable engineering services and testing capabilities that can help prevent machine failures, reduce maintenance and improve day to day operations from failures incidents

HAND OUT TABLE OF CONTENT

PART 1
1 2 Electric motor type Electric Circuit and single phase motor 3 Basic concept Sistim starting Running correction Shaded pole motor Reluctance motor Hysterisis motor Rangkaian listrik Power & Power Factor Page 2 3-7 3 3-4 4 45 5 5 5-6 6-7 8-17 8-12 13-15 15 15-17 18-27 18 18 19-27 27-30 31-50 32 32-35 36 37-43 44-50

Winding machine Wire insulation Mechanical protectiion Low voltage winding High voltage winding

Synchronous Generator Basic concept Sistim eksitasi Running generator Konstruksi

Polyphase Induction Motor Standard design Squirrel cage Slipring motor Starting Power Factor Correction

DC Motor Konstruksi Karekteristik

51-60 51-57 58-60

PART 2
7 8 9 Inspection on line Vibration Troubleshooting Generator AC Motor DC Motor Unbalance correction Winding correction Annexes winding design 1-50 51-70 71 71-76 76-79 80-84 84-91 92-108

BRUSH ANALYSIS
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Basic performance DC machine Brush categories Brush pressure Brush holder Brush operating angle Brush performance Trouble shooting 2-3 3 4-7 7-9 10-11 11-15 16-21