NHS Library and Information Service North Staffordshire

Health Inequalities Bulletin

ISSUE No: 28 August-September 2011
About this Bulletin: Aims to draw attention to some of the key documents and reviews of research in health inequalities that have been published in the two previous months. Where possible, links to the full text documents are included. If the article is in a journal, you can contact the Health Library for a copy. Link to request form: http://www.keele.ac.uk/healthlibrary/usingthehealthlibrary/interlibraryloans/#d.en.27437 [A charge of 2 per request is payable for most copies] If you need further assistance in obtaining any of the resources listed in the bulletin or have other information needs, please contact the Outreach Librarians or the Health Library, details below. The bulletin can be e-mailed to colleagues who may also find it useful. A list of websites that are checked in the production of this bulletin is given on the first page. Please suggest others that may be useful. Feedback is welcomed to inform future issues of the bulletin.

Contact information
Bulletin produced by NHS Outreach Librarians Tel: FeatureNet 8429 External calls 0300 123 1535 ext 8429 E-mail: lindsay.snell@northstaffs.nhs.uk clareh.powell@northstaffs.nhs.uk Health Library Tel: 01782 679500 E-mail: health.library@keele.ac.uk

Topics reviewed in this issue: Health Inequalities Bulletin.................................................................................................1 Children and Young People...................................................................................................2 Disability.................................................................................................................................3 Domestic Abuse.....................................................................................................................3 Employment...........................................................................................................................4 Environment...........................................................................................................................4 Gender...................................................................................................................................4 Inequalities.............................................................................................................................5 Language...............................................................................................................................6 Multiple inequalities................................................................................................................6 Offenders................................................................................................................................6 Older people...........................................................................................................................7 Sexual Orientation..................................................................................................................7 Smoking.................................................................................................................................7

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Sources checked for this bulletin Please suggest further sites that should be monitored in the production of this bulletin CRD Centre for Reviews and Dissemination http://www.crd.york.ac.uk/crdweb/ - DARE (Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effects) - NHS Economic Evaluation Database Daily Health Bulletin http://www.sheffield.nhs.uk/healthbulletin/ Department of Health http://www.dh.gov.uk Department of Health bulletins http://www.dh.gov.uk/en/Publicationsandstatistics/Bulletins/ IDeA Healthier Communities section - including Health inequalities briefing papers: http:// www.idea-knowledge.gov.uk/idk/core/page.do?pageId=77225 Info4local http://www.info4local.gov.uk Joseph Rowntree Foundation http://www.jrf.org.uk/ Kings Fund http://www.kingsfund.org.uk/ NeLM (National Electronic Library for Medicines) news bulletin http://www.nelm.nhs.uk/en/ NICE http://www.nice.org.uk SIGN http://www.sign.ac.uk/new.html

Children and Young People Childhood Bereavement: a rapid literature review Department for Education This paper provides a brief overview of educational and psychological outcomes for children and young people bereaved of a parent or sibling, and the effectiveness of services provided for this group. https://www.education.gov.uk/publications/RSG/AllPublications/Page1/CWRC-00082-2011 Individual budgets for families with disabled children Department for Education This report presents a detailed assessment of progress made over the original two-year pilot programme. It focuses on the means by which the pilots were set-up and delivered, and the resource and infrastructure requirements associated with the IB approach. The main evaluation reports are also accompanied by: a set of six case study reports; two thematic case study reports, focusing on resource allocation and safeguarding; and a technical report. https://www.education.gov.uk/publications/RSG/AllPublications/Page1/DFE-RR145 Local authority child poverty innovation pilot evaluation: Final synthesis report Department for Education The Local Authority Innovation Pilots look at a wide range of innovative activity to tackle child poverty, including their impact on health. This report presents the findings and conclusions. https://www.education.gov.uk/publications/RSG/AllPublications/Page1/DFE-RR152 Long-term impact of childhood bereavement - Preliminary analysis of the 1970 British Cohort Study (BCS70) Department for Education To investigate the long-term impact of childhood bereavement, this preliminary analysis uses data from the 1970 British Cohort Study (BCS70) to describe some of the -2-

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characteristics of bereaved children and their families and to investigate the correlates of childhood bereavement with measures of adult wellbeing. https://www.education.gov.uk/publications/RSG/AllPublications/Page1/CWRC-00081-2011 National Child Measurement Programme: Child obesity statistics for PCT Clusters National Obesity Observatory This document contains a set of maps and charts to show the variation in both child obesity prevalence and child healthy weight across all PCT clusters in England. It also illustrates the relationship between obesity prevalence and levels of socioeconomic deprivation and describes the levels of participation in the NCMP for all PCT clusters. http://www.noo.org.uk/uploads/doc/vid_12547_NCMP_PCT_ClusterMaps.pdf National evaluation of Sure Start local programmes: An economic perspective Department for Education This report discusses the economic issues arising out of the evaluation of the impact of Sure Start local programmes in England. It takes the outcomes for children and families at the age of five years reported in the National Evaluation of Sure Start and where possible estimates economic values for those outcomes. https://www.education.gov.uk/publications/RSG/AllPublications/Page1/DFE-RR073
Items in the Offenders and Older People sections may also be of interest. Back to topics

Disability Hidden in plain sight: the inquiry Equality and Human Rights Commission The report argues that harassment is a commonplace experience for disabled people, but a culture of disbelief and systemic institutional failures are preventing it from being tackled effectively. It includes case studies and makes recommendations to public authorities to help them deal with the problems uncovered. The role of health services in protecting disabled people from harassment is also considered. http://www.equalityhumanrights.com/legal-and-policy/inquiries-and-assessments/inquiryinto-disability-related-harassment/hidden-in-plain-sight-the-inquiry-final-report/
Items in the Children and Young People section may also be of interest. Back to topics

Domestic Abuse Improving local domestic abuse services Audit Commission This web-based self-assessment tool aims to enable commissioners and providers of services to improve services during a time of limited resources. http://www.auditcommission.gov.uk/communitysafety/nationalstudies/domesticabuseservices/Pages/Defau lt.aspx
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Employment Advice for employees on working with a long-term medical condition NHS Choices http://www.nhs.uk/Livewell/workplacehealth/Documents/ChronicConds_Employees_Facts heet_A4.pdf Advice for line managers on supporting employees with long-term medical conditions NHS Choices http://www.nhs.uk/Livewell/workplacehealth/Documents/ChronicConds_LineManagers_Fa ctsheet_A4.pdf
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Environment A clean bill of health: How councils environmental protection work improves health and wellbeing Local Government Regulation (LACORS) This report summarises the health effects of pollution and what councils and their partners can do to improve the health of their communities. http://www.lacors.gov.uk/lacors/ContentDetails.aspx?id=23824 Impact on Health of Emissions from Landfill Sites Health Protection Agency This review encompasses the results of a number of epidemiological studies, detailed monitoring results from a major project funded by the Environment Agency, and advice sought from the Committee on Toxicity of Chemicals in Food, Consumer Products and the Environment. The HPA concludes that there has been no new evidence to change the previous advice that living close to a well-managed landfill site does not pose a significant risk to human health. http://www.hpa.org.uk/Publications/Radiation/DocumentsOfTheHPA/RCE18ImpactonHealt hofEmissionsfromLandfillSites/ Spatial planning, open spaces and built environment Local Government Improvement and Development A number of case studies have been added to the page, including projects in Doncaster, Salford and London. http://www.idea.gov.uk/idk/core/page.do?pageId=5890058
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Gender Cigarette smoking as a risk factor for coronary heart disease in women compared with men: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies Huxley, R et al The authors concluded that women who smoke are more at risk of coronary heart disease than men who smoke, and that this should be taken into account in tobacco control programmes. The Lancet, Early Online Publication, 11 August 2011. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(11)60781-2 -4-

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Inequalities Differences in life expectancy between those aged 20, 50 and 80: in 2011 and at birth Department of Work and Pensions This analysis allows the comparison of life expectancy of someone joining the workforce aged 20, with that of their parents and grandparents generations. http://statistics.dwp.gov.uk/asd/asd1/adhoc_analysis/2011/diffs_life_expectancy_20_50_8 0.pdf Does income inequality cause health and social problems? Joseph Rowntree Foundation This report examines whether or not there is a link between income inequality and health and social problems; who might be most affected by income inequality; and other possible impacts of income inequality, for example, on the economy. http://www.jrf.org.uk/publications/income-inequality-health-social-problems Embedding inclusion and diversity into the NHS at board level: Outcomes and recommendations arising from the Pilot Board Development Programmes NHS National Leadership Council This report looks at pilots across six different NHS pilot sites. http://www.nhsleadership.org.uk/workstreams-inclusion-boarddevelopment.asp Equality and human rights scheme: Review of our progress in 2010/11 Care Quality Commission http://www.cqc.org.uk/publications.cfm?fde_id=18581 NHS Equality Delivery System (EDS) NHS East Midlands The EDS has been designed to help NHS organisations to meet the public sector Equality Duty; and equality aspects of the NHS Constitution, the NHS Outcomes Framework, and CQC's Essential Standards. http://www.eastmidlands.nhs.uk/about-us/inclusion/eds/ The performance of the health sector in meeting the Public Sector Equality Duties Equality and Human Rights Commission The research found that although progress was made on delivering the race, disability and gender equality duties, significant work still needs to be done by health bodies to ensure that their efforts lead to identifiable changes to health outcomes for different groups. http://www.equalityhumanrights.com/advice-and-guidance/public-sector-equalityduty/research-and-policy-papers-on-theduty/#The_performance_of_the_health_sector_in_meeting_the_Public_Sector_Equality_D uties The Public Sector Equality Duty: a way forward for the health sector Equality and Human Rights Commission This paper gives recommendations on how health bodies can meet their obligations under the new equality duty. Effective implementation can assist in reducing health inequalities. http://www.equalityhumanrights.com/advice-and-guidance/public-sector-equalityduty/research-and-policy-papers-on-theduty/#The_performance_of_the_health_sector_in_meeting_the_Public_Sector_Equality_D uties
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Language NHS Choices NHS Choices now has a translation tool at the top right of the page, enabling users to access the website in a wide range of languages. http://www.nhs.uk/Pages/HomePage.aspx
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Multiple inequalities Turning around the lives of families with multiple problems: an evaluation of the Family and Young Carer Pathfinders Programme The Family Pathfinder programme announced in the Childrens Plan (2007) aimed to develop and test the effectiveness of intensive, family focused approaches to addressing the needs of families who face multiple and complex problems. This evaluation examines the various models of support, their impact on families and services, and the broader economic implications. https://www.education.gov.uk/publications/standard/publicationDetail/Page1/DFE-RB154 Turning the Tide: A Vision Paper for multiple needs and exclusions Making Every Adult Matter This paper sets out a vision that people experiencing multiple needs are supported by effective, coordinated services, and empowered to tackle their problems, reach their full potential and contribute to their communities. It gives recommendations in 5 areas: Communicating a clear message that tackling multiple needs and exclusions is a government priority Defining and identifying people experiencing multiple needs and exclusions. Creating accountability, leadership and transparency Making outcomes and commissioning work for this group Getting the finances right in local areas http://www.meam.org.uk/vision-paper
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Offenders Procedure for the transfer from custody of children and young people under the Mental Health Act 1983 in England Department of Health http://www.dh.gov.uk/en/Publicationsandstatistics/Publications/PublicationsPolicyAndGuid ance/DH_128853 Q&A on Health Services in Secure Childrens Homes (Youth Justice Commissioned) and Secure Training Centres in England Department of Health These Q&As follow the Department of Health's announcement in May of a phased project to transfer commissioning responsibility for health services in Secure Childrens Homes and Secure Training Centres in England to the NHS. http://www.dh.gov.uk/en/Publicationsandstatistics/Publications/PublicationsPolicyAndGuid ance/DH_129356

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Re:Actions: A third review of healthcare in the community for young people who offend Care Quality Commission and HMI Probation The report concluded that considerable progress has been made since the last review of inspections to effectively identify and address health needs for children and young people who have offended, or are likely to offend. The report also makes recommendations for PCTs and their successor organisations. http://www.justice.gov.uk/downloads/publications/inspectoratereports/hmiprob/reactions-3rd-review-of-yot-healthcare.pdf
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Older people Excess Winter Deaths (EWD) in England West Midlands Public Health Observatory This interactive map allows the user to view excess winter deaths data in England with the facility to drill down to local authorities to access information by age and disease. http://www.wmpho.org.uk/excesswinterdeathsinEnglandatlas/ Public spending cutbacks and impacts on older people: the Swedish experience in the 1990s WRVS The authors found that evidence from both Sweden and Canada indicates that older people suffer disproportionately from cuts, and that ultimately the burden on health services is increased. http://www.wrvs.org.uk/news-and-events/news/wrvs-report-older-people-most-affected-bypublic-spending-cuts
An item in the Sexual Orientation section may also be of interest.

Sexual Orientation Lesbian, gay & bisexual people in later life Stonewall This research is based on a YouGov survey of 1,036 lesbian, gay or bisexual people and 1,050 heterosexual people. It looks at the health and care needs of these groups as they age. www.stonewall.org.uk/laterlife Smoking Statistics on NHS Stop Smoking Services: England, April 2010 March 2011 NHS Information Centre This report includes information on the number of people setting a quit date and the number who successfully quit at the 4 week follow-up. It also presents in depth analyses of the key measures of the service including pregnant women, breakdowns by ethnic groups and type of pharmacotherapy received and presents the results of regional analyses at Strategic Health Authority (SHA) and Primary Care Trust (PCT) levels. http://www.ic.nhs.uk/statistics-and-data-collections/health-and-lifestyles/nhs-stop-smokingservices/statistics-on-nhs-stop-smoking-services-england-april-2010-march-2011
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