1 8rahma urana

2 adma urana
3 vlshnu urana
4 Shlva urana
3 vamana urana
6 Markandeya urana
7 varaha urana
8 Agnl urana
9 kurma urana
10 8hagavad Maha urana
11 Llnga urana
12 narada urana
13 Skanda urana
14 Caruda urana
13 MaLsya urana
16 vayu urana
17 8havlshya urana
18 8rahmanda urana(lncompleLe)1 88APMA u8AnA
rellmlnarles
1here was a foresL known as nalmlsharanya 1he sages (maharshls) arranged for a sacrlflce
(ya[na) ln Lhls foresL and Lhe ceremony wenL on for Lwelve years nalmlsharanya foresL was a
wonderful place Lo arrange sacrlflces ln 1he cllmaLe was pleasanL 1here were Lrees full of
cllmaLe was pleasanL 1here were Lrees full of flowers and frulL 1here was no shorLage of food ln
Lhe foresL and anlmals blrds and sages llved Lhee happlly
Many sages came Lo aLLend Lhe sacrlflce LhaL had been arranged ln nalmlsharanya WlLh Lhem
was 8omaharshana (alLernaLlvely Lomaharshana) veda vyasas dlsclple veda vyasa had
lnsLrucLed Lhls dlsclple of hls ln Lhe knowledge of Lhe uranas 1he assembled sages worshlpped
Lhe learned 8omaharshana and sald lease Lell us Lhe sLorles of Lhe uranas Who creaLed Lhe
unlverse who ls lLs preserver and who wlll desLroy lL? lease lnsLrucL us ln all Lhese mysLerles
8omaharshana replled Many years ago uaksha and Lhe oLher sages had asked 8rahma Lhese
very quesLlons l have learnL abouL 8rahmas replles from my guru) Leacher) veda vyasa l wlll
relaLe Lo you whaL l know
ln Lhe beglnnlng Lhere was waLer everywhere and Lhe 8rahman slepL on Lhls waLer ln Lhe form of
vlshnu Slnce waLer ls called nara and slnce ayana means a bed vlshnu ls known as narayana
ln Lhe waLer Lhere emerged a golden egg 8rahma was born lnslde Lhls egg Slnce he creaLed
hlmself he ls called Svayambhu born (bhu) by hlmself (svayam) lor one whole year 8rahma
llved lnslde Lhe egg Pe Lhen spllL Lhe egg lnLo Lwo and creaLed heaven and Lhe earLh from Lhe Lwo
parLs of Lhe egg Skles dlrecLlons Llme language and senses were creaLed ln boLh heaven and
earLh lrom Lhe powers of hls mlnd 8rahma gave blrLh Lo seven greaL sages 1helr names were
Marlchl ALrl Anglra ulasLya ulaha kraLu and vashlshLha 8rahma also creaLed Lhe god
8udra and Lhe sage SanaLkumara
More CreaLlon
1o conLlnue wlLh Lhe process of creaLlon 8rahma gave blrLh Lo a man and a woman from hls own
body 1he man was named Svayambhuva Manu and Lhe woman was named ShaLarupa Pumans
are descended from Manu 1haL ls Lhe reason Lhey are known as manava Manu and ShaLarupa
had Lhree sons named vlra rlyavraLa and uLLanapada
uLLanapadas son was Lhe greaL uhruva uhruva performed very dlfflculL medlLaLlon (Lapasya) for
Lhree Lhousand dlvlne years 8rahma was so pleased aL Lhls LhaL he granLed uhruva an eLernal
place ln Lhe sky near Lhe consLellaLlon LhaL ls known as sapLarshl or Lhe seven sages 1hls ls Lhe
consLellaLlon ursa Ma[orls and uhruva ls Lhe pole SLar
ln uhruvas llne Lhere was a klng named rachlnavarhl rachlnavarhl had Len sons known as Lhe
racheLas 1hese racheLas were supposed Lo look afLer Lhe world and rule over lL buL Lhey were
noL lnLeresLed ln such mundane maLLers 1hey wenL off lnsLead Lo perform Lapasya under Lheocean 1he
Lapasya wenL on for Len Lhousand years 1he upshoL was LhaL Lhe earLh had no ruler
and began Lo suffer eople sLarLed Lo dle and Lhlck foresLs sprouLed everywhere So Lhlck were
Lhe foresLs LhaL even Lhe wlnds could noL blow
news of Lhls caLasLrophe reached Lhe racheLas 1hey were furlous wlLh Lhe Lrees and creaLed
wlnd (vayu) and flre (agnl) from Lhelr mouLhs 1he wlnd drled up Lhe Lrees and Lhe flre burnL
Lhem so LhaL very soon Lhere were very few Lrees lefL on earLh
Lveryone was alarmed aL Lhe effecLs of Lhe racheLas anger 1he moongod Soma (or Chandra)
came Lo Lhe racheLas wlLh a beauLlful woman and sald racheLas please conLrol your anger
?ou need someone Lo rule over Lhe world so LhaL you can concenLraLe on your Lapasya 1hls
woman ls named Marlsha Per son wlll rule over Lhe world
1he racheLas agreed Lo Lhls proposal and uaksha was born 1he word pra[a means sub[ecL and
Lhe word paLl means masLer Slnce uaksha ruled over Lhe world and lLs sub[ecLs uaksha came Lo
be known as ra[apaLl
1he sages lnLerrupLed 8omaharshana 1hey sald Sage we are compleLely confused We have
heard LhaL uaksha was born from 8rahmas Loe And yeL you have Lold us LhaL uaksha was Lhe
son of Lhe racheLas Pow ls Lhls posslble?
8omaharshana replled 1here ls no reason for bewlldermenL Many uakshas have been born Lo
rule over Lhe world Cne was born from 8rahmas Loe yeL anoLher was Lhe son of Lhe racheLas
uakshas Cffsprlng
uakshas wlfe was named Aslkll and Aslkll gave blrLh Lo flve Lhousand sons 1hey were known
as Lhe Paryashvas 1he Paryashvas were desLlned Lo rule over Lhe world 8uL Lhe sage narada
wenL Lo Lhe Paryashvas and sald Pow can you rule over Lhe world lf you donL even know whaL
Lhe world looks llke? Are you famlllar wlLh lLs geography and lLs llmlLs? llrsL flnd ouL abouL
Lhese Lhlngs before you conLemplaLe rullng over Lhe world
1he Paryashvas wenL off Lo explore Lhe world and never reLurned
uaksha and Aslkll Lhen had anoLher Lhousand sons who were named Lhe Shavalashvas narada
Lold Lhem whaL he had Lold Lhe Paryashvas and Lhe Shavalashvas also wenL off Lo explore Lhe
world and never reLurned
uaksha and Aslkll were dlsLressed LhaL Lhelr chlldren should dlsappear ln Lhls manner uaksha
blamed narada for Lhe lnsLlgaLlon and proposed Lo klll hlm 8uL 8rahma lnLervened and
persuaded uaksha Lo conLrol hls anger 1hls uaksha agreed Lo do provlded LhaL hls condlLlons
were meL 8rahma musL marry my daughLer rlya he sald And narada musL be born as
rlyas son
1hese condlLlons were accepLed ln facL uaksha and Aslkll had slxLy daughLers (Llsewhere Lhe
8rahma urana menLlons flfLy daughLers) 1en of Lhese daughLers were marrled Lo Lhe god uharma and
LhlrLeen Lo Lhe sage kashyapa 1wenLyseven daughLers were marrled Lo Soma or
Chandra 1he remalnlng daughLers were marrled Lo Lhe sages ArlshLaneml vahupuLra Anglrasa
and krlshashva
1he Len daughLers who were marrled Lo Lhe god uharma were named ArundhaLl vasu ?aml
Lamba 8hanu MaruLvaLl Sankalpa MuhurLa Sadhya and vlshva ArundhaLls chlldren were Lhe
ob[ecLs (vlshaya) of Lhe world vasus chlldren were Lhe elghL gods known as Lhe vasus 1helr
names were Apa uhruva Soma uhara Sallla Anala raLyusha and rabhasa Analas son was
kumara 8ecause kumara was broughL up by goddesses known as Lhe krlLLlkas he came Lo be
called karLlkeya rabhasas son was vlshvakarma vlshvakarma was skllled ln archlLecLure and
Lhe maklng of [ewelry Pe became Lhe archlLecL of Lhe gods
Sadhyas chlldren were Lhe gods known as Sadhyadevas and vlshvas chlldren were Lhe gods
known as vlshvadervas 1he LwenLyseven daughLers of uaksha who were marrled Lo Soma are
known as Lhe nakshaLras (sLars)
As you have already been Lold kashyapa marrled LhlrLeen of uakshas daughLers 1helr names
were AdlLl ulLl uanu ArlshLa Surasa khasa Surabhl vlnaLa 1amra krodhavasha lla kadru
and Munl
AdlLls sons were Lhe Lwelve gods known as Lhe adlLyas 1helr names were vlshnu Shakra
Aryama uhaLa vldhaLa 1vashLa usha vlvasvana SavlLa MlLravaruna Amsha and 8haga
ulLls sons were Lhe dalLyas (demons) 1hey were named Plranyaksha and Plranyakashlpu and
amongsL Lhelr descendanLs were several oLher powerful dalLyas llked 8all and 8anasura ulLl also
had a daughLer named Slmhlka who was marrled Lo a danava (demon) named vlprachlLLl 1helr
offsprlngs were Lerrlble demons llke vaLapl namuchl llvala Marlcha and Lhe nlvaLakavachas
1he hundred sons of uanu came Lo be known as danavas 1he danavas were Lhus couslns Lo Lhe
dalLyas and also Lo Lhe adlLyas ln Lhe danava llne were born demons llke Lhe poulamas and
kalakeyas
ArlshLas sons were Lhe gandharvas (slngers of heaven) Surasa gave blrLh Lo Lhe snakes (sarpa)
khasas chlldren were Lhe yakshas (demlgods who were Lhe companlons of kubera Lhe god of
wealLh) and Lhe rakshasas (demons) Surabhls descendanLs were cows and buffaloes
vlnaLa had Lwo sons named Aruna and Caruda Caruda became Lhe klng of Lhe blrds 1amra has
slx daughLers lrom Lhese daughLers were born owls eagles vulLures crows waLerfowl horses
camels and donkeys
krodhavasha had fourLeen Lhousand chlldren known as nagas (snakes) lla gave blrLh Lo Lrees
creepers shrubs and bushes kadrus sons were also known as nagas or snakes Among Lhe more
lmporLanL of kadrus sons were AnanLa vasukl 1akshaka and nahusha
Munl gave blrLh Lo Lhe apsaras (dancers of heaven) ulLls chlldren (dalLyas) and AudlLls chlldren
(adlLyas) conLlnually foughL amongsL Lhemselves Cn one parLlcular occaslon Lhe gods succeed ln kllllng
many of Lhe demons 1hlrsLlng for revenge ulLl began Lo pray Lo her husband kashyapa
LhaL she mlghL glven blrLh Lo a son who would klll lndra Lhe klng of Lhe gods
kashyapa found lL dlfflculL Lo refuse hls wlfe ouLrlghL All rlghL he sald ?ou have Lo bear Lhe
son ln your womb for a hundred years And LhroughouL Lhls perlod you wlll have lndeed klll
lndlra 8uL lf you do noL observe Lhese lnsLrucLlons Lo Lhe leLLer your deslre wlll noL be saLlsfled
ulLl resolved Lo do as her husband had bldden her 8uL lndra had goL Lo know abouL ulLls resolve
and was walLlng for an opporLunlLy Lo save hlmself 1here was an occaslon when Llred afLer her
prayers ulLl wenL Lo sleep wlLhouL flrsL washlng her feeL 1hls was an unclean acL and lL gave
lndra Lhe requlred opporLunlLy Pe adopLed a mlnlscule form and enLered ulLls womb WlLh hls
weapon va[ra he sllced up Lhe baby lnslde Lhe womb lnLo seven parLs 1he baby naLurally began
Lo cry aL Lhe paln
lndra kepL on saylng ma ruda LhaL ls donL cry 8uL Lhe bay or raLher lLs seven parLs would
noL llsLen lndra Lhereupon sllced up each of Lhe seven parLs lnLo seven more secLlons so LhaL
Lhere were forLynlne secLlons ln all When Lhese forLynlne secLlons were born Lhey came Lo
known as Lhe MaruLs from Lhe words LhaL lndra had addressed Lhem Slnce ulLl had noL been
able Lo adhere Lo Lhe condlLlons her husband had seL Lhe MaruLs dld noL klll lndra 1hey lnsLead
became lndras followers or companlons and were LreaLed as gods
rlLhu
ln uhruvas llne Lhere was a klng named Anga Anga was rellglous and followed Lhe rlghLeous
paLh 8uL unforLunaLely Angas son vena lnherlLed none of Lhe good quallLles of hls faLher
venas moLher was SunlLha and she happened Lo be Lhe daughLer of MrlLyu MrlLyu was noLorlous
for hls evll ways and deeds vena spenL a loL of Llme wlLh hls maLernal grandfaLher and plcked up
Lhese evll characLerlsLlcs
vena gave up Lhe rellglon LhaL was lald down ln Lhe vedas and sLopped all ya[nas Pe lnsLrucLed
hls sub[ecLs LhaL he alone was Lo be worshlped
1he sages led by Marlchl came Lo vena Lo Lry and persuade hlm Lo mend hls ways 8uL vena was
ln no mood Lo llsLen Pe lnslsLed LhaL Lhere was no one equal Lo hlm ln Lhe whole unlverse
1he sages reallzed LhaL vena was a losL cause 1hey physlcally caughL hold of vena and began Lo
knead hls rlghL Lhlgh lrom Lhls kneadlng Lhee emerged a horrlble looklng creaLure lL was a
dwarf and lLs complexlon was exLremely dark 1he sage ALrl was so aghasL aL Lhe dwarfs
appearance LhaL he blurLed ouL nlshlda whlch means slL lrom Lhls Lhe dwarf came Lo be
known as nlshada 1he race of nlshadas became hunLers and flshermen and llved ln Lhe vlndhya
mounLalns lrom Lhem were also descended unclvlllzed races llke 1usharas and 1unduras
1he evll LhaL was ln venas body and mlnd came ouL wlLh Lhe emergence of Lhe nlshadaWhen Lhe sages
began Lo knead venas rlghL arm rlLhu emerged Pe shone llke a flamlng flre
and hls energy llL up Lhe four dlrecLlons Pe held a bow ln hls hand and he was clad ln beauLlful
armour As soon as rlLhu was born vena dled
All Lhe rlvers and Lhe oceans arrlved wlLh Lhelr waLers and Lhelr [ewels Lo anolnL rlLhu as Lhe
klng 1he gods and Lhe sages also came for Lhe coronaLlon 8rahma hlmself crowned rlLhu Lhe
klng of Lhe earLh Pe also Look Lhe opporLunlLy Lo apporLlon ouL Lhe lordshlps of oLher parLs of Lhe
unlverse Soma was appolnLed lord over creepers herbs sLarLs (nakshaLras) planeLs (grahas)
sacrlflces medlLaLlon (Lapasya) and over Lhe flrsL of Lhe four classes (brahmanas) varuna
became lord of Lhe oceans kubera of all Lhe klngs vlshnu of Lhe adlLyas Agnl of vasus uaksha
of all rahlada of dalLyas and danavas ?ama of Lhe prlLrls (ancesLors) Shlva of yakshas
rakshasas and plshachas (ghosLs) and Plmalaya of Lhe mounLalns
1he ocean (samudra) was made Lhe lord of all rlvers ChlLraraLha of gandharvas vasukl of nagas
1akshaka of sarpas Caruda of blrds Lhe Llger of deer AlravaLa of elephanLs ucchalhshrava of
horses Lhe bull of cows and Lhe ashvaLLha Lree (a banyan) of all Lrees 8rahma also appolnLed
four overlords (dlkapalas) for Lhe four dlrecLlons 1o Lhe easL Lhere was Sudhanva Lo Lhe souLh
Shankhapada Lo Lhe wesL keLumana and Lo Lhe norLh Plranyaroma
rlLhu was a klng who ruled Lhe earLh well uurlng hls relgn Lhe earLh was laden wlLh foodgralns
1he cows were full of mllk and Lhe sub[ecLs were happy 1o glorlfy klng rlLhu Lhe sages
performed a sacrlflce and from Lhls sacrlflce Lhere emerged Lwo races known as Lhe suLas and Lhe
magadhas should slng pralses ln honor of rlLhu
8uL whaL pralse wlll we slng? asked Lhe suLas and Lhe magadhas rlLhu ls sLlll young Pe has
noL done much LhaL can be pralsed
1haL may be Lrue replled Lhe sages 8uL he wlll do wonderous deeds ln Lhe fuLure Slng
pralses of Lhose wonderful deeds We wlll Lell you abouL Lhem
Pavlng learnL of Lhese fuLure deeds from Lhe sages Lhe suLas and Lhe magadhas began Lo compose
songs and chanL pralses ln honor of rlLhu 1hese sLorles were relaLed LhroughouL Lhe earLh Some
of rlLhus sub[ecLs heard Lhese sLorles and came Lo see rlLhu klng Lhey sald We have heard
of your greaL deeds 8uL we flnd lL dlfflculL Lo make a llvlng lease lndlcaLe Lo us our hablLaLlons
on earLh And Lell us where we may be able Lo geL Lhe food we need for subslsLence
klng rlLhu plcked up hls bow and arrow Pe declded Lo klll Lhe earLh slnce Lhe earLh was noL
yleldlng foodgralns Lo hls sub[ecLs 1he earLh adopLed Lhe form of a cow and began Lo flee 8uL
wherever Lhe earLh wenL rlLhu followed wlLh hls bow and arrow Pe followed Lhe earLh Lo Lhe
heaven and Lo Lhe underworld
llnally ln desperaLlon Lhe earLh sLarLed Lo pray Lo rlLhu klng she sald please conLrol your
anger l am a woman kllllng me wlll only mean a sln for you 8esldes whaL purpose wlll kllllng
me serve? ?our sub[ecLs wlll Lhen be wlLhouL a place Lo llve ln 1here musL be some oLher way of
ensurlng LhaL your sub[ecLs can make a llvlng1he earLh Lhen herself offered a soluLlon and klng rlLhu
dld her blddlng WlLh hls bow he
leveled ouL Lhe earLh 1he plalns could now be used for vlllages and clLles and for agrlculLure and
anlmal husbandry 1he plalns could now be used for vlllages and clLles and for agrlculLure and
anlmal husbandry 1he mounLalns were gaLhered LogeLher ln selecL places lnsLead of belng
llLLered over whole earLh Larller rlLhus sub[ecLs had llved off frulLs and rooLs now rlLhu
mllked Lhe earLh (ln her form of a cow) and obLalned Lhe seeds of foodgralns on whlch people
could llve 8ecause of rlLhus deeds Lhe earLh came Lo be known as prlLhlvl
ManvanLaras
A manvanLara ls an era 1here are four smaller eras (yugas) and Lhelr names are SaLya or krlLa
?uga 1reLa ?uga uvapara ?uga and kall ?uga Lach cycle of SaLya ?uga 1reLa ?uga
uvapara ?uga and kall ?uga ls called a mahayuga A mahayuga comprlses of 12000 years of
Lhe gods or equlvalenLly 4320000 years for human 71 mahayugas consLlLuLe a manvanLara and
14 manvanLaras consLlLuLe a cycle (kalpa) Cne kalpa ls one of 8rahmas days and Lhe unlverse ls
desLroyed aL Lhe end of a kalpa
Lach manvanLara ls ruled over by a Manu ln Lhe presenL kalpa slx manvanLaras have already
passed and Lhe names of Lhe slx Manus who ruled were Svayambhuva Svarochlsha uLLama
1amasa 8alvaLa and Chakshusha 1he name of Lhe sevenLh Manu who rules over Lhe sevenLh
manvanLara of Lhe presenL kalpa ls valvasvaLa
1he LlLles of Lhe seven greaL sages (sapLarshl) as well as Lhe Llle of lndra change from manvanLara
Lo manvanLara 1he gods also change
ln Lhe presenL valvasvaLa manvanLara Lhe seven greaL sages are ALrl vashlshLha kashyapa
CouLama 8haradva[a vlshvamlLra and !amadagnl 1he gods now are Lhe sadhyas Lhe rudras
Lhe vlshwadevas Lhe vasus Lhe maruLs Lhe adlLyas and Lhe Lwo ashvlnls
1here wlll be seven Manus ln Lhe fuLure before Lhe unlverse ls desLroyed llve of Lhese Manus
wlll be known as Savarnl Manus 1he remalnlng Lwo wlll be called 8houLya and 8ouchya
1he Sun and Lhe Solar uynasLy
?ou have probably forgoLLen by now LhaL kashyapa and AdlLl had a son named vlvasvana 1hls
was Lhe sun god also known as Surya or MarLanda
Surya was marrled Lo Sam[na vlshvakarmas daughLer 1hey had Lwo sons 1he flsL son was
valvasvaLa Manu and Lhe second son was ?ama or Shradhadeva Lhe god of deaLh ?ama had a
Lwln slsLer named ?amuna 1he suns energy was so sLrong LhaL Sam[na could noL bear Lo look aL
her husband 1hrough her powers she creaLed an lmage from her own body LhaL looked exacLly
llke her 1hls lmage was called Chhaya (shadow)Sam[na Lold Chhaya l cannoL bear Lhe energy of my
husband l am golng off Lo my faLhers
house SLay here preLend Lo be Sam[na and look afLer my chlldren under no clrcumsLances Lell
anyone cerLalnly noL my husband LhaL your are noL Sam[na
l wlll do as you have asked me Lo replled Chhaya 8uL Lhe momenL someone curses me or
pulls me by Lhe halr l shall be forced Lo reveal Lhe LruLh
Sam[na wenL Lo her faLher vlshvakarma kepL asklng her Lo reLurn Lo her husband 8uL Lhls Sam[na
refused Lo do lnsLead she wenL Lo Lhe land known as uLLara kuru and sLarLed Lo llve Lhere as a
mare
Meanwhlle Surya who had noL reallzed LhaL Sam[na had been replaced by Chhaya had Lwo sons
Lhrough Chhaya 1hey were named Savarnl Manu and Shanl (SaLurn) As soon as her own
chlldren were born Chhaya no longer dlsplayed as much of love for Sam[nas chlldren as she
used Lo do valvasvaLa Manu was a quleL sorL of person and he lgnored Lhe lmplled neglecL 8uL
?ama was noL Lhe LoleranL 8esldes he was also younger Pe ralsed hls leg Lo klck Chhaya AL
Lhls Chhaya cursed ?ama LhaL hls legs would fall off
?ama wenL and complalned Lo Surya l have noL really klcked her he sald l only LhreaLened
Lo And does a moLher ever curse her chlldren?
l canL undo Lhe curse replled Surya AL besL l can reduce lLs severlLy ?our legs wlll noL
acLually fall off Some of Lhe flesh from your legs wlll fall off onLo Lhe earLh and creaLe worms
1hereby you wlll be freed of your curse
8uL neverLheless Surya felL LhaL Lhere was some LruLh ln ?amas asklng wheLher a moLher would
ever curse her chlldren Pe Laxed Chhaya wlLh Lhe LruLh buL Chhaya would noL reveal anyLhlng
Surya Lhen grasped her by Lhe halr and LhreaLened Lo curse her Slnce her condlLlons were now
vlolaLed Chhaya blurLed ouL Lhe LruLh
ln an exLremely angry mood Surya dashed off Lo vlshvakarmas house vlshvakarma Lrled Lo
cool hlm down lL ls all because of your exerclses energy LhaL Lhls has happened exclalmed
vlshvakarma lf you permlL l wlll shave off some of Lhe exLra energy 1hen Sam[na wlll be able
Lo look aL you
Surya agreed Lo Lhls proposlLlon WlLh Lhe shaved off energy vlshvakarma manufacLured
vlshnus chakra (a weapon llke a bladed dlscus)
Surya found ouL LhaL Sam[na was ln uLLara kuru ln Lhe form of a mare Pe [olned her Lhere ln Lhe
form of a horse As horse Lhey had Lwo sons named nasaLya and uasra Slnce ashva means
horse Lhe sons were also known as Lhe Lwo Ashvlnlsh and became Lhe physlclans of Lhe gods
Surya and Sam[na Lhen gave up Lhelr equlne forms and llved happlly ever afLer
valvasvaLa Manus ChlldrenvalvasvaLa Manu has no chlldren and he arranged for a sacrlflce so LhaL he
mlghL have a son
nlne sons were born as a resulL of Lhls sacrlflce 1helr names were lkshvaku nabhaga uhrlshLa
SharyaLl narlshyanLa ramashu 8lshLa karusha and rlshadhra Manu also made an offerlng
Lo Lhe Lwo gods MlLra and varuna As a resulL of Lhls offerlng a daughLer named lla was born
8udha was Lhe son of Chandra and 8udha and lla had a son named ururva SubsequenLly
Lhanks Lo a boon conferred on her by MlLra and varuna lla became a man named Sudyumna
Sudyumnas sons were uLkala Caya and vlnaLashva uLkala ruled ln Crlssa Caya ln Lhe reglon
LhaL ls also called Caya and vlnaLashva ln Lhe wesL
Sudyumna was noL enLlLled Lo rule slnce he had earller been a woman Pe llved ln Lhe clLy known
as raLlshLhana ururava lnherlLed Lhls laLer on
When valvasvaLa Manu dled hls Len sons dlvlded up Lhe earLh amongsL Lhemselves lkshvaku
ruled ln Lhe cenLral reglons Pe had a hundred sons Lhe eldesL of whom was named vlkukshl
vlkukshl came Lo be known as Shashada 1hereby hangs a Lale
lkshvaku wanLed Lo organlze a sacrlflce and he senL hls son vlkukshl Lo Lhe foresL Lo feLch some
meaL for Lhe sacrlflce Whlle hunLlng for game vlkukshl felL very hungry and aLe up some of Lhe
meaL 1hls was a sacrllege and Lhe sage vashlshLha advlsed lkshvaku Lo banlsh vlkukshl from
hls klngdom 8ecause Lhe meaL LhaL he had eaLen had been Lhe meaL of a rabblL (shashaka)
vlkukshl came Lo be known as Shashada
8uL afLer lkshvaku dled vlkukshl reLurned Lo hls faLhers klngdom and began Lo rule Lhere 1hls
was Lhe klngdom of Ayodhya Cne of vlkukshls sons was kakuLshLa and 8ama of 8amayana
fame was born ln Lhls llne
kubalashva
kubalashva was one of Lhe klngs descended from kakuLsLha kubalashvas faLher was named
vrlhadashva AfLer vrlhadashva had ruled for many years he deslred Lo reLlre Lo Lhe foresL Pe
Lherefore prepared Lo hand over Lhe klngdom Lo hls son kubalashva 8uL learnlng of klng
vrlhadashvas resolve a sage named uLanka came Lo meeL Lhe klng
uonL go Lo Lhe foresL rlghL now uLanka Lold Lhe klng My hermlLage (ashrama) ls on Lhe shores
of Lhe ocean and ls surrounded by sand ln all dlrecLlons A sLrong rakshasa named uhundhu llves
under Lhe sand Pe ls so sLrong LhaL even Lhe gods have been unable Lo klll hlm Cnce every year
uhundhu exhales hls breaLh and Lhls ralses a Lremendous cloud of sand and dusL lor an enLlre
week Lhe sun remalns shrouded ln dusL and for Lhe whole week Lhere are earLhquakes as a resulL
of uhundhus exhalaLlon 1hls ls dlsLurblng my medlaLlon (Lapasya) and you canL very well go
away Lo Lhe foresL wlLhouL flrsL dolng someLhlng abouL uhundhu Cnly you are capable of kllllng
hlm l have accumulaLed a loL of power as a resulL of my Lapasya and l wlll glve Lhls Lo you lf you
klll uhundhuvrlhadashva Lold uLanka LhaL Lhere was no need for vrlhadashva hlmself Lo klll uhundhu
Pe
would go Lo Lhe foresL as he had declded Pls son kubalashva was perfecLly capable of kllllng
uhundhu and would accompany uLanka
kubalashva and hls hundred sons wenL Lo Lhe shores of Lhe ocean where all Lhe sand was
kubalashva asked hls sons Lo sLarL dlgglng so LhaL Lhey mlghL flnd uhundhu uhundhu aLLacked
kubalashvas sons and kllled all of Lhem buL Lhree 1he Lhree who escaped were named
urldashva Chandrashva and kapllashva 8uL uhundhu hlmself was kllled by kubalashva As a
resulL of Lhls greaL feaL kubalashva came Lo be known as uhundhumara 1he sage uLanka
blessed kubalashva and by Lhe sages blesslngs kubalashvas dead sons wenL sLralghL Lo heaven
1rlshanku
lrom urldashva was descended a klng named 1rayarunl 1rayarunl was a rlghLeous klng and
followed all Lhe rellglous dlcLaLes 8uL 1rayaruns son SaLyavraLa was qulLe Lhe opposlLe and
refused Lo follow Lhe rlghLeous paLh klng 1rayarunls chlef prlesL was Lhe greaL sage vashlshLha
vashlshLha advlsed Lhe klng LhaL hls evll son should be banlshed from Lhe klngdom 1rayarunl
accepLed Lhe sages advlce ConsequenLly SaLyavraLa sLarLed Lo llve wlLh ouLcasLs (chandalas)
ouLslde Lhe klngdom
AfLer some Llme 1rayarunl rellnqulshed hls klngshlp and wenL away Lo Lhe foresL 1he klngdom
had no klng and degeneraLed lnLo anarchy 1he absence of a klng ls also frowned upon by Lhe
gods and for Lwelve years Lhere was a Lerrlble droughL
vlshvamlLra was anoLher greaL sage Whlle all Lhls was golng on vlshvamlLra was noL presenL ln
Lhe klngdom Pe had gone away Lo perform Lapasya on Lhe shores of Lhe ocean havlng lefL hls
wlfe and chlldren ln a hermlLage (ashrama) LhaL was ln Lhe klngdom 8uL because Lhere was such
a long spell of droughL Lhere was also famlne ln Lhe klngdom eople sLarLed Lo sLarve
vlshvamlLras wlfe declded Lo sell her son so LhaL she mlghL have some food Lo eaL She Lled a
rope round Lhe sons neck and Look hlm Lo Lhe markeLplace 1here she sold hlm ln exchange for
a Lhousand cows Slnce a rope had been Lled around Lhe sons neck (gala) he came Lo be known
as Calava
8uL SaLyavraLa dlscovered whaL Lerrlble sLralLs vlshvamlLras famlly was ln Pe freed Calava and
sLarLed Lo Lake care of vlshvamlLras wlfe and chlldren
SaLyavraLa had noL been Lerrlbly fond of vashlshLha Pe blamed Lhe sage for hls banlshmenL
When Lhee was famlne everywhere SaLyavraLa sLole vashlshLhas cow Pe kllled Lhe cow and
served Lhe meaL Lo vlshvamlLras sons aparL from eaLlng lL hlmself
vashlshLha was ln a Lerrlble rage when he goL Lo know abouL Lhls lncldenL Pe cursed SaLyavraLa
?ou have commlLLed Lhree slns (shanku) vashlshLha Lold SaLyavraLa llrsLly you have
angered your faLher 1rayarunl Secondly you have sLolen and kllled a cow 1hlrdly you have
eaLen beef a forbldden meaL 8ecause of Lhese Lhree slns you wlll henceforLh be known as
1rlshanku and be eLernally cursed (1he word Lrl means Lhree)SaLyavraLa had however Laken care of
vlshvamlLras famlly when Lhe sage was away on hls
medlLaLlon AfLer vlshvamlLra reLurned he was very happy Lo learn abouL whaL 1rlshanku had
done and offered Lo granL hlm a boon 1rlshanku deslred Lhe boon LhaL he mlghL be allowed Lo go
Lo heaven ln hls own physlcal body 1hanks Lo vlshvamlLras lmmense powers even Lhls
vlrLually lmposslble Lask was accompllshed 1rlshanku became klng ln 1rayarunls klngdom and
vlshvamlLra acLed as hls chlef prlesL
Sagara
1rlshankus son was Parlshchandra and from Parlshchandra was descended a klng named 8ahu
8ahu devoLed Loo much Llme Lo pleasurable pursulLs 1he upshoL of Lhls was LhaL Lhe defence of
Lhe klngdom was noL properly Laken care of Lnemy klngs selzed Lhls opporLunlLy Lo aLLack
8ahus klngdom 1hey drove 8ahu ouL and 8ahu wenL off Lo Lhe foresL wlLh hls wlfe ?adavl
1he enemy klngs who dlslodged 8ahu were led by Lhe Palhaya and 1ala[angha klngs 1hey were
alded by Lhe Shakas ?avanas aradas kambo[as and ahlavas
klng 8ahu dled ln Lhe foresL Pls wlfe ?adavl deslred Lo dle on her husbands funeral pyre 8uL
slnce ?adavl was pregnanL aL Lhe Llme Lhe sage Curva persuaded her LhaL such an acL would be a
sln Pe broughL ?adavl Lo hls own hermlLage and began Lo Lake care of her
8ahu had also a second wlfe and she had once Lrled Lo polson ?adavl 1he polson (gara) had
however done ?adavl no harm and emerged when Lhe baby was born Slnce Lhe baby was born
LogeLher wlLh polson he came Lo known as Sagara
1he sage Curva Look care of Sagaras educaLlon Pe lmparLed Lo Sagara Lhe knowledge of all Lhe
shasLras and also Lhe usage of weapons AmongsL oLher Lhlngs Sagara acqulred Lhe sklll of uslng
a dlvlne weapon known as agneyasLra
When he grew up Sagara aLLacked Lhe Palhaya klngs and defeaLed Lhem Lhrough Lhe use of
agneyasLra Pe Lhen defeaLed Lhe Shakas ?avanas aradas kambo[as and ahlavas and was
abouL Lo klll Lhem all 8uL Lhese enemy klngs fled Lo Lhe sage vashlshLha for refuge and
vashlshLha persuaded Sagara noL Lo klll hls enemles lnsLead Lhe heads of Lhe Shakas were half
shaven off 1he ?avanas and kambo[as had Lhelr heads compleLely shaven 1he ahlavas were
lnsLrucLed LhaL Lhey would have Lo keep beards 1hese enemy klngs also losL all rlghL Lo follow
Lhe rellglon lald down ln Lhe vedas AmongsL Lhe oLher klngs who Sagara defeaLed were Lhe
konasarpas Lhe Mahlshakas Lhe uarvas Lhe Cholas and Lhe keralas
klng Sagara had Lwo wlves 1he flrsL was named keshlnl and she was Lhe daughLer of Lhe klng of
vldarbha 1he 8rahma urana does noL Lell us Lhe name of Lhe second wlfe buL from Lhe
MahabharaLaa we know LhaL lL was SumaLl keshlnl and SumaLl had no sons 1hey Lherefore
began Lo pray Lo Curva so LhaL Lhey mlghL have sons
Curva was pleased aL Lhese prayers and sald 8oLh of you wlll have sons 8uL one of you wlll
have a slngle son and Lhe oLher wlll have slxLy Lhousand sons 1ell me who wanLs whaLkeshlnl asked
for a slngle son and SumaLl asked for slxLy Lhousand sons ln due course keshlnl
gave blrLh Lo a son named ancha[ana SumaLl gave blrLh Lo a gourd lnslde Lhe gourd Lhere was a
lump of meaL 1he gourd was placed lnslde a poL full of clarlfled buLLer (ghrlLa) And from Lhe
lump of meaL were born slxLy Lhousand sons
klng Sagara proceeded Lo conquer Lhe enLlre earLh As a recognlLlon of Lhls conquesL he lnlLlaLed
an ashvamedha ya[na (horse sacrlflce) ln Lhls ceremony Lhe sacrlflclal horse ls lefL free Lo
wander all over Lhe earLh 1he slxLy Lhousand sons accompanled Lhe horse as lLs guards 1he
horse evenLually reached Lhe shores of Lhe ocean LhaL lles Lowards Lhe souLheasL Whlle Sagaras
sons were resLlng Lhe horse was sLolen 1he sons sLarLed Lo look for Lhe horse and began Lo dlg
up Lhe sands ln Lhelr search ln Lhls process Lhey came upon Lhe sage kaplla kaplla had been
medlLaLlng and hls medlLaLlon was dlsLurbed by Lhe Lerrlble dln LhaL Sagaras sons made Pe
gazed aL Lhem ln fury and all buL four of Lhe sons were burnL Lo ashes 1he four sons who were
saved were named varhlkeLu SukeLu uharmakeLu and ancha[ana
1he 8rahma urana ls sllghLly confused here Was ancha[ana keshlnls son or SumaLls son?
1here ls some lnconslsLency wlLh Lhe accounL glven ln Lhe MahabharaLaa ln Lhe MahabharaLaa lL
ls keshlnl who gave blrLh Lo slxLy Lhousand sons and lL ls SumaLl who had a slngle son named
Asaman[a Also ln Lhe MahabharaLaa all slxLy Lhousand sons were burnL Lo ashes
1he 8rahma urana also Lells us LhaL Lhe sacrlflclal horse was obLalned by Sagara from Lhe ocean
1hls ls Lhe reason why Lhe ocean ls referred Lo as sagara
1o come back Lo Lhe accounL glven ln Lhe 8rahma urana ancha[anas son was Amshumana
and Amshumanas son was ulllpa ulllpa had a son named 8haglraLha 8haglraLha broughL down
Lhe rlver Canga from heaven Lo earLh and Lhus redeemed hls ancesLors who had been burnL Lo
ashes by kaplla lL was because of Lhls LhaL Lhe rlver Canga came Lo be known as 8haglraLhl
lrom 8haglraLha was descended 8aghu 8aghus son was A[a A[as son uasharaLha and
uasharaLhas son 8ama
1he Moon and Lhe Lunar uynasLy
1here was a sage named ALrl ALrl performed very dlfflculL Lapasya So dlfflculL was Lhe Lapasya
LhaL ALrls energy was Lhrown up lnLo Lhe sky 1he sky could noL bear Lhls energy and hurled lL
down onLo Lhe earLh 1hls energy Lhen gave blrLh Lo Soma or Chandra Lhe moon god 8rahma
Look Chandra up lnLo hls charloL and drove Lhe charloL around Lhe earLh LwenLyone Llmes lrom
whaLever energy was lefL afLer Chandra has been creaLed Lhe herbs were born
Chandra also performed very dlfflculL Lapasya Cne padma year conslsLs of 10000000000000
normal years lor one hundred such padma years Chandra medlaLed AfLer Lhe medlLaLlon was
over 8rahma appolnLed Chandra lord over seeds herbs brahmanas and Lhe oceans Chandra also
performed a ra[asuya ya[na (royal sacrlflce) as a celebraLlon of hls lordshlp 1hls gave hlm a loL
pomp glory wealLh and respecL8uL all Lhls merely served Lo Lurn Chandras head 1he guru (Leacher) of
Lhe gods was Lhe sage
8rlhaspaLl 8rlhaspaLl had a wlfe named 1ara and Chandra abducLed 1ara uesplLe Lhe gods and
Lhe sages asklng Chandra Lo reLurn 1ara Lhe moon god would noL llsLen A Lerrlble war Lhen
raged over 1ara Lhe gods flghLlng for Chandra Shukracharya Lhe guru of Lhe demons foughL on
Chandras slde and Shlva foughL on 8rlhaspaLls slde 1hls war (Samgram) came Lo be known as
Larakamaya samgram slnce lL was foughL over 1ara
llnally 8rahma lnLervened and a Lruce was called 8uL Chandra and 1ara had by Lhen had a son
and 8rlhaspaLl refused Lo accepL Lhls son as hls own 1hls son was 8udha As you already known
8udha marrled lla and Lhey had a son named ururava
1he 8rahma urana now descrlbes several klngs belonglng Lo Lhe lunar dynasLy
?ayaLl
ln Lhe lunar dynasLy Lhere was born a powerful klng named nahusha Pe marrled vlra[a and
Lhey had slx sons named ?aLl ?a[aLl SamyaLl AyaLl ?aLl and SuyaLl ?aLl became a hermlL So
alLhough ?ayaLl was noL Lhe eldesL he was crowned klng afLer nahusha
?ayaLl had Lwo wlves 1he flrsL was uevayanl daughLer of Shukracharya And Lhe second was
SharmlshLha daughLer of vrlshaparva Lhe klng of Lhe danavas uevayanl had Lwo sons named
?adu and 1urvasu and SharmlshLha had Lhree sons named uruhya Anu and uru ?ayaLl
conquered Lhe whole earLh and ruled over lL When he became old he dlvlded Lhe earLh amongsL
hls flve sons ?adu was glven Lhe lands Lo Lhe easL uru Lhe lands ln Lhe cenLer 1urvasu Lhe
lands Lo Lhe souLh and souLheasL uruhya Lhose Lo Lhe norLh and Anu Lhose Lo Lhe wesL
?ayaLl gave up hls weapons and declded Lo Lravel LhroughouL Lhe world Pe called ?adu Lo hlm
and sald l wlsh Lo explore Lhe world and my old age ls a hlndrance lease accepL my old age
and glve me your youLh ln reLurn
?adu refused l wlll noL he sald Cne cannoL eaL well when one ls old nor can one pleasure
Lhe comforLs of Lhe world Cld age ls noL pleasanL Ask one of my broLhers lnsLead ?adus
refusal angered ?ayaLl Pe cursed ?adu LhaL he or hls descendanLs would never be klngs ?ayaLl
nexL requesLed uruhya 1urvasu and Anu buL Lhey Loo refused and were slmllarly cursed by Lhelr
faLher 8uL uru agreed Lo hls faLhers requesL and gladly accepLed Lhe old age Pe was blessed by
hls faLher
AfLer many years had passed ?ayaLl goL Llred of Lhe world and reLurned urus youLh Lo hlm Pe
accepLed back hls old age and reLlred Lo Lhe foresL Lo medlaLe
lrom uru was descended klng 8haraLaa afLer whom Lhe land came Lo be known as
8haraLaavarsha Also ln Lhls llne was klng kuru afLer whom all Lhe descendanLs came Lo be
known as kauravas 1he sacred place named kuruksheLra owes lLs name Lo klng kuru
lrom 1urvasu were descended Lhe klngs of andya kerala kola and Chola lrom uruhya were
descended Lhe klngs of Candhara 1he horses of Lhe Candhara klngdom are famous?adu had flve sons
Sahasrada ayoda kroshLu nlla and An[lka Sahasradas descendanLs were
Lhe Palhayas amongsL whom Lhe mosL famous was karLyavlrya Ar[una Ar[una pleased Lhe sage
uaLLaLreya and became lnvlnclble Pe also had a Lhousand arms Ar[unas greaLesL deeds were hls
defeaL and lmprlsonmenL of 8avana klng of Lanks kroshLus descendanLs were vrlshnl and
Andhaka and ln Lhe vrlshnl llne was born krlshna
Ceography
Pavlng heard accounLs of Lhe solar and lunar dynasLles Lhe sages requesLed 8omaharshana 1ell
us a llLLle abouL Lhe geography of Lhe world WhaL does Lhe earLh look llke? WhaL are lLs llmlLs?
8omaharshana obllgedand sald 1he earLh ls dlvlded lnLo seven reglons (dvlpas) 1helr names
are !ambudvlpa lakshadvlpa Shalmaladvlpa kushadvlpa krounchadvlpa Shakadvlpa and
ushkaradvlpa 1hese reglons are surrounded by seven oceans and Lhelr names are Lavana
lkshu Sura Sarpl uadhl uugdha and !ala
!ambudvlpa ls ln Lhe cenLer and rlghL ln Lhe mlddle of !ambudvlpa ls MounL Sumeru 1o Lhe
souLh of Sumeru are Lhe mounLalns Plmavana PemakuLa and nlshadha and Lo Lhe norLh of
Sumeru are Lhe mounLalns nlla ShveLa and Srlngl !ambudvlpa lLself ls dlvlded lnLo several
reglons (varshas) lor example Sumeru ls ln Lhe mlddle of llavrlLavarsha 8raraLavarsha ls Lo Lhe
souLh of Sumeru 1o Lhe easL of Sumeru ls 8hadrashvarsha and Lo Lhe wesL ls keLumalavarsha
Parlvarsha lles Lo Lhe souLh and 8amyakavarsha Lo Lhe norLh SLlll furLher norLh ls
Plranmayavarsha and beyond LhaL uLLara kuruvarsha
8rahmas clLy ls on Lhe peak of Sumeru lL ls Lhere LhaL Lhe rlver Canga descends from heaven
and geLs dlvlded lnLo four LrlbuLarles SlLa flows easLwards Chakshu wesLwards 8hadra
norLhwards and Alakananda souLhwards lnLo 8haraLaavarsha
1here are seven ma[or mounLaln range sln 8haraLaavarsha and Lhelr names are Mahendra Malya
Sahya ShukLlmana 8lksha vlndhya and arlyaLra 8haraLaavarsha lLself ls dlvlded lnLo nlne
reglons (dvlpas) 1he names of elghL of Lhese reglons are lndradvlpa Soumya Candharva and
varuna 1he nlnLh reglon ls compleLely surrounded by Lhe ocean ln all dlrecLlons 1o Lhe easL of
8haraLaavarsha llve Lhe klraLas and Lo Lhe wesL Lhe ?avanas
8elow Lhe earLh lle Lhe seven reglons of Lhe underworld (aLala) 1helr names are ALala vlLala
nlLala SuLala 1alaLala 8asaLala and aLala 1he dalLyas danavas and Lhe snakes (sarpa) llve
Lhere 1he underworld ls a wonderful place more beauLlful Lhan heaven lLself 1he sage narada
once wenL on a Lrlp Lo Lhe underworld and was bowled over by lLs beauLy lL ls full of palaces and
[ewels 1he sun rlses Lhere buL does noL radlaLe Loo much of heaL 1he moon also rlses buL lLs
beams are noL aL all chllly 1he foresLs are populaLed by beauLlful Lrees and Lhe ponds are Lhlck
wlLh loLus flowers Lhe songs of cuckoo blrds are heard everywhere 8elow Lhe underworld sleeps
a greaL snake known as Shesha or AnanLa lL has a Lhousand hoods all covered wlLh [ewels ln
facL Lhls snake ls really vlshnu ln one of Lhls varlous forms
Also parL of Lhe world are hells (naraka) preslded over by ?ama Lhe god of deaLh 1hose are full
of weapons flre and polsons and slnners are senL Lhere Lo be punlshed Slns LhaL are punlshed by
dlspaLch Lo one of Lhe several hells are lylng murder kllllng cows desLroylng clLles drlnklng
kllllng brahmanas LhefL selllng wlnes or halr crlLlclzlng Lhe vedas lnsulLlng elders maklng
weapons selllng salL desLroylng foresLs needlessly kllllng sheep or deer cheaLlng and sLudylng
under ones own son Lach slnner recelves a punlshmenL LhaL ls ln proporLlon Lo Lhe severlLy of
hls sln Cf course lf one performs penance (prayashchlLLa) for ones slns one need noL go Lo
naraka 1he besL form of penance ls praylng Lo krlshna
1he earLh (rlLhlvl or bhuloka) exLends upLo Lhose arLs of Lhe sky LhaL can be llL up by Lhe rays of
Lhe sun and Lhe moon 1he expanse from Lhere Lo Lhe solar clrcle ls known as bhuvarloka and
holy sages llve Lhere Above Lhe solar clrcle ls Lhe lunar clrcle and beyond lL ln successlon come
Lhe reglons of Mercury (8udha) venus (Shukra) Mars (Mangala) !uplLer (8rlhaspaLl) SaLurn
(Shanl) Lhe CreaL 8ear consLellaLlon (sapLarshl) and Lhe ole SLar (uhruva) 1he reglon from Lhe
solar clrcle Lo uhruvaloka ls known as heaven (Svarloka or svarga) 8eyond uhruvaloka ls
Maharloka and furLher away !analoka are 1apaloka and SaLyaloka AL Lhe end of a kalpa all Lhe
Lhree lokas (reglons) of bhuloka bhuvarloka and svarloka are desLroyed 8uL Lhe four lokas of
Maharloka !analoka 1apaloka and SaLyaloka are noL desLroyed
konaraka
1here ls an ocean Lo Lhe souLh of 8haraLaavarsha Cne Lhe shores of Lhls greaL ocean Lhere ls a
land named Cndra or uLkala (presenL Crlssa) uLkala ls populaLed by rellglous people and Lhe
brahmanas who llve Lhere are learned ln Lhe vedas 1hey are very good prlesLs learned ln Lhe
uranas and Lhe shasLras and skllled ln Lhe arL of sacrlflces ln Lhe land of uLkala Lhere ls an
lmage of Lhe sun (Surya) known as konadlLya 1he word adlLya also means Lhe sun as does Lhe
word arka 1hus konadlLya ls Lhe same as konarka a corrupLlon of Lhe laLLer word belng
konaraka 1he lmage of konadlLys ls so wonderful LhaL even lf one gazes aL Lhe lmage all ones
slns are forglven
All around Lhe Lemple Lhere ls sand 8uL neverLheless many Lrees grow around Lhe Lemple 1he
besL Llme Lo worshlp Lhe sun Lhere ls aL Lhe Llme of sunrlse Cne has Lo face Lhe easL and draw a
loLus flower on Lhe ground wlLh red sandalwood 1he loLus flower musL have exacLly elghL peLals
A copper vessel has Lo be placed aL Lhe cenLer of Lhe flower and fllled wlLh paddy sesamum
waLer red sandalwood red flowers and sacred grass Cne prays Lo Surya Lo descend on Lhe loLus
flower LhaL has Lhus been drawn lf one worshlps konadlLya accordlng Lo Lhese prescrlbed rlLes
Lhe slns of seven precedlng generaLlons are forglven
1he Lwelve adlLyas are noLhlng buL dlfferenL forms of Surya 1helr names are lndra uhaLa
ar[anya 1vashLa usha Aryama 8haga vlvasvana vlshnu Amshumana varuna and MlLra
As lndra Surya desLroys Lhe enemles of Lhe gods As uhaLa he creaLes llvlng belngs As
ar[anya he showers down raln As 1vashLa he llves ln Lhe Lrees and herbs As usha he makes
foodgralns grow As Aryama he ls ln Lhe wlnd As 8haga he ls ln Lhe body of all llvlng belngs
As vlvasvana he ls ln flre and helps Lo cook food As vlshnu he desLroys Lhe enemles of Lhe
gods As Amshumana he ls agaln ln Lhe wlnd As varuna Surya ls ln Lhe waLers and as MlLra he
ls ln Lhe moon and ln Lhe oceansln each monLh of Lhe year lL ls a dlfferenL adlLya who shlnes lndra
shlnes ln Lhe monLh of
Ashvlna uhaLa ln karLlka ar[anya ln Shravana 1vashLa ln lalguna usha ln ousha Aryama
ln valshakha 8haga ln Magha vlvasvana ln !yalshLha vlshnu ln ChalLra Amshumana ln
Ashada varuna ln 8hadra and MlLra ln Agrahayana vlshnu has Lwelve hundred rays Aryama
one Lhousand and Lhree hundred vlvasvana sevenLyLwo Amshumana flfLeen ar[anya sevenLyLwo
varuna one Lhousand and Lhree hundred 1vashLa one Lhousand and one hundred lndra Lwo
Lhousand and Lwo hundred uhaLa eleven hundred MlLra one Lhousand and usha nlne hundred
AparL from Lhe names of Lhe Lwelve adlLyas Surya has Lwelve oLher names as well 1hese are
AdlLya SavlLa Surya Mlhlra Arka rabhakara MarLanda 8haskara 8hanu ChlLrabhanu
ulvakara and 8avl
8rahma once recounLed Lo Lhe sages Lhe one hundred and elghL sacred names of Surya 1he
8rahma urana llsLs Lhese names and we reproduce Lhem ln nlne groups of Lwelve names each
(1) Surya Archana 8hagavana 1vashLa usha Arka SavlLa 8avl CabhasLlmana A[a kala
MrlLyu
(2) uhaLa rabhakara rlLhlvl !ala 1e[a Akasha vayu arayana Soma 8rlhaspaLl Shukra
8udha
(3) Angaraka lndra vlvasvana ulpLamshu Shuchl Shourl Shanalshvara 8rahma vlshnu
8udra Skanda valshravana
(4) ?ama valdyuLam !aLhara Agnl Alndhana 1e[ohpaLl uharmadhva[a vedakarLa vedanga
vedavahana krlLa 1reLa
(3) uvapara kall Sarvasurashraya kala kashLha MuhurLa kshapa ?ama kshana
SamvaLsara AshvaLLha kalachakra
(6) vlbhavasu ShashvaLa urusha ?ogl vyakLavyakLa SanaLana kaladhyaksha
ra[adhyaksha vlshvakarama 1amonuda varuna Sagara
(7) Amsha !lmuLa !lvana Arlha 8huLashraya 8huLapaLl SarvalokanamaskrlLa ShrashLa
SamvarLaka vahnl Sarvadl Alolupa
(8) AnanLa kaplla 8hanu kamada SarvoLamukha !aya vlshala varada SarvabhuLasevlLa
Mana Suparna 8huLadl
(9) Shlghraga ranadharana uhanvanLarl uhumakeLy Adldeva AdlLlnandana uvadashaLma
8avl uaksha lLa MaLa lLamaha
lndradyumna and urushaoLLama ksheLra
ln SaLya ?uga Lhere was a klng named lndradyumna Pe was a very powerful klng as lndra
hlmself Pe was handsome honesL and LruLhful learned ln Lhe shasLras and Lhe vedas and skllled
ln Lhe use of weapons Pls radlance puL Lhe sun Lo shame lndradyumna was devoLed Lo vlshnu Pe
once declded LhaL he would worshlp vlshnu A LlrLha ls a sacred place of pllgrlmage
lndradyumna scanned all Lhe exlsLlng LlrLhas and clLles 8uL none of Lhem saLlsfled hlm none of
Lhem he felL was approprlaLe as a place for worshlpplng vlshnu
lndradyumnas own caplLal was Lhe clLy of AvanLl ln Lhe klngdom of Malva AvanLl was a
beauLlful and wealLhy clLy surrounded on all sldes by moaLs and oLher forLlflcaLlons 1raders
from many counLrles came Lhere wlLh all sorLs or commodlLles for Lradlng 1he roads of Lhe clLy
were llned wlLh shopes 1he houses were palnLed whlLe 1he klngs sLables were full of horses
and elephanLs All clLlzens of AvanLl were pleasanL of appearance and happy Sacrlflces were
held falrly ofLen Many were Lhe Lemples groves and ponds ln AvanLl Any Lree LhaL grew on
earLh could be found Lhere
1here was a Lemple Lo Shlva ln Lhe clLy 1hls was known as Lhe Lemple of Mahakala 1he lmage
Lhere was so sacred LhaL worshlpplng Shlva ln Lhe Lemple of Mahakala was LanLamounL Lo
performlng one Lhousand ashvamedha ya[nas
1he rlver Shlpra flowed pasL AvanLl Cn Lhe banks of Lhe rlver Lhere was a Lemple of vlshnu
known as Covlndasvaml AnoLher Lemple Lo vlshnu was named vlkramasvaml 8uL
lndradyumna was noL saLlsfled wlLh Lhese Lemples Pe wanLed Lo bulld anoLher Lemple Lo vlshnu
Pe lefL AvanLl Lo look for a proper place Pls soldlers and sub[ecLs accompanled Lhelr klng so
LhaL lL looked as lf Lhe enLlre clLy of AvanLl was on Lhe march AfLer Lravellng for many days Lhey
arrlved on Lhe shores of Lhe souLhern ocean Lhe ocean LhaL ls known as lavana samudra
1here were so many waves ln Lhe ocean LhaL Lhe ocean lLself seemed Lo be danclng Marlne
anlmals llved ln Lhe ocean and Lhe waLers were also Lhe source of all sorLs of [ewels
lndradyumna began Lo llve on Lhe shores of Lhe ocean Pe dlscovered a place near Lhe ocean LhaL
was Lhlck wlLh flower and frulL Lrees Many Lypes of blrds gaLhered Lhere Lo eaL Lhe frulL 1hls was
Lhe place known as urushaoLLama ksheLra (place) Lhe clLy of url of modern Llmes
urshoLLama ksheLra was a very lmporLanL LlrLha 8uL all knowledge of Lhls LlrLha had been hldden
unLll lndradyumna arrlved on Lhe scene 1here was a reason for Lhls Many years ago Lhere used
Lo be an lmage of vlshnu Lhere where people used Lo pray So sacred was Lhe lmage LhaL all Lhe
slns of Lhe worshlppers were lmmedlaLely forglven 1he resulL was LhaL ?ama could noL punlsh
any of Lhe slnners 1hey slmply prayed Lo vlshnus lmage and escaped ?ama Lherefore prayed Lo
vlshnu for a soluLlon vlshnu hld Lhe lmage under Lhe sand so LhaL no one knew LhaL lL exlsLed
lndradyumna llked urushaoLLama ksheLra 1he rlver Mahanadl or ChlLropala flowed noL very
far away 1he people who llved around Lhe place were rellglous Pe declded LhaL Lhls was Lhe
rlghL place for bulldlng a Lemple Lo vlshnu Cn an ausplclous day Lhe foundaLlon sLone was lald
lndradyumna Lhen goL ln Louch wlLh Lhe klngs of kalklnga uLakala and koshala Pe requesLed
Lhelr help ln feLchlng sLones for Lhe bulldlng of Lhe Lemple 1he klngs senL Lhelr archlLecLs Lo Lhe
vlndhya mounLalns 1he sLones were gaLhered from Lhese mounLalns and broughL Lo
urushaoLLama ksheLra ln boaLs and charloLs Messengers were also senL Lo several oLher klngs
for ald 1hey came wlLh Lhelr armles and wlLh a loL of wealLhlndradyumna Lold Lhe assembled klngs l
wlsh Lo accompllsh Lwo dlfflculL Lasks 1he flrsL ls Lo
perform an ashvamedha ya[na here And Lhe second ls Lo bulld a Lemple Lo vlshnu 8oLh of Lhese
are dlfflculL [obs parLlcularly Lhe second 8uL lf you help me l am confldenL LhaL boLh [obs can
be done
1he klngs agreed Lo help 1hey offered [ewels wealLh gold cloLhes food gralns and oLher
ob[ecLs 1he place where Lhe ya[na was Lo be held was made enLlrely ouL of gold ln facL all Lhe
ob[ecLs used ln Lhe ya[na were made ouL of gold 8rahmanas from all over !ambudvlpa came Lo
wlLness Lhe sacrlflce 1hey were donaLed elephanLs horses and cows as alms never has Lhere
been any oLher sacrlflce Lo rlval Lhe one LhaL lndradyumna performed AfLer Lhe sacrlflce was
over and Lhe Lemple bullL Lhere remalned Lhe more lmporLanL quesLlon of Lhe lmage Pow was
Lhls Lo be made? lndradyumna began Lo pray Lo vlshnu for guldance
vlshnu appeared before lndradyumna ln a dream and sald Why are you so mlserable? When
Lhe sun rlses go Lo Lhe shores of Lhe ocean 1here you wlll flnd a Lree Palf of Lhe Lree ls ln Lhe
waLer and Lhe remalnlng half ln Lhe sand Chop down Lhls Lree lL s wood wlll glve you Lhe
maLerlal for Lhe lmage
ln Lhe mornlng lndradyumna wenL Lo Lhe seashore and found Lhe Lree lL was [usL as vlshnu had
descrlbed lL Lo be WlLh an axe he chopped down Lhe Lree As he was abouL Lo sllce Lhe Lrunk ln
Lwo Lwo brahmanas appeared before hlm AlLhough lndradyumna dld noL know lL Lhese Lwo
brahmanas were vlshnu and vlshvakarma ln dlsgulse
klng WhaL have you done? exclalmed Lhe brahmanas ?ou have cuL down Lhe only Lree LhaL
was on Lhe shores of Lhe ocean
lorglve me replled lndradyumna l wlshed Lo make an lmage of vlshnu vlshnu has
lnsLrucLed me ln a dream LhaL Lhls ls Lhe Lree from whlch Lhe lmage should be made
1haL ls an excellenL ldea sald Lhe brahmana who was vlshnu ln dlsgulse 1here ls noLhlng so
holy as praylng Lo vlshnu MeeL my companlon Pe ls as skllled as Lhe greaL vlshvakarma
hlmself lf you wanL he wlll bulld Lhe lmage for you
klng lndradyumna agreed And lnsLrucLed by vlshnu vlshvakarma sLarLed Lo bulld Lhe lmage
Cr Lo be more accuraLe Lhere were Lhree dlfferenL lmages 1he flrsL one was LhaL of 8aladeva or
8alarama 1hls was compleLely whlLe ln colour excepL for Lhe eyes whlch were red 1he lmage
was dressed ln blue and a snake held lLs hood over 8alaramas head A club and a mace were ln
8alaramas hands 1he second lmage was krlshnas 1hls was blue ln colour wlLh eyes llke loLus
flowers 1he lmage was dressed ln yellow and had a chakra ln lLs hand 1he Lhlrd lmage was LhaL
of krlshnas slsLer Subhadra 1hls lmage was golden ln colour and was dressed ln wonderful
cloLhes
When lndradyumna dlscovered LhaL Lhe lmages were made ln a maLLer of mlnuLes he was
LhundersLruck Pe reallsed LhaL Lhe Lwo brahmanas cold noL be mere morLals Pe fell aL Lhelr feeL
and sald lease Lell me who you are ?ou cannoL be humansvlshnu and vlshvakarma Lhen revealed
Lhelr Lrue selves and lndradyumna was Lhrllled vlshnu
blessed Lhe klng and Lold hlm LhaL he would rule for Len Lhousand and nlne hundred years And
even afLer lndradyumna dled a place would be reserved for hlm ln heaven Cn an ausplclous
day Lhe Lhree lmages were lnsLaLed ln Lhe Lemple
Markandeya
Many years ago a greaL desLrucLlon (ralaya) Look place 1he earLh was shrouded ln darkness
and noLhlng could be seen 1here was nelLher sun nor moon LlghLnlng and Lhunder crushed
mounLalns and Lrees 1here were showers of meLeors Lakes and rlvers drled up 1he enLlre earLh
burnL wlLh flre and Lhe flames of Lhe flre reached down Lo Lhe underworld All llvlng belngs
perlshed ln Lhls flre lncludlng Lhe gods and Lhe demons
1here was a sage named Markandeya Whlle all Lhls was golng on Markandeya was busy
medlLaLlng Such was Lhe power of Markandeyas Lapasya LhaL Lhe flre dared noL Louch hlm 8uL lL
ls also Lrue LhaL Markandeya was scared of Lhe flre LhaL raged all around hlm Pe suffered from
hunger and LhlrsL and forgoL all abouL hls Lapasya Pls llps and LhroaL drled up from fear
Markandeya dlscovered LhaL Lhere was a banyan Lree LhaL was unLouched by all Lhese ravages Pe
reLlred Lo Lhe shade of Lhe banyan Lree and sLarLed Lo pray Lo vlshnu
Clouds gaLhered ln Lhe sky 1hey were Lhlck and dark clouds and Lhey spread all over Lhe earLh lL
sLarLed Lo raln and lL poured and poured WaLer was everywhere and Lhe earLh was flooded 1he
waLer puL ouL Lhe flre lL ralned conLlnuously for Lwelve years 1he oceans flooded Lhe shores and
Lhe mounLalns were pulverlsed vlshnu slepL on Lhe waLer
Markandeya dld noL know whaL Lo do 1here was waLer everywhere and he floaLed on lL 8uL he
conLlnued Lo pray Lo vlshnu
vlshnu spoke Lo Markandeya uo noL be frlghLened Markandeya he sald ?ou are devoLed Lo
me and l shall proLecL you
Markandeya dld noL reallse LhaL lL was vlshnu who was speaklng Who dares Lo address me
Lhus? he demanded Am l a chlld LhaL l should be so addressed? l am Lhe greaL Markandeya
blessed by 8rahma hlmself
8uL Lry as he mlghL Markandeya cold noL see anyone anywhere Where had Lhe volce come from
Lhen? Pad lL all been an llluslon? noL knowlng whaL Lo do he sLarLed Lo pray agaln Lo vlshnu
Suddenly he saw Lhe banyan Lree floaLlng on Lhe waLer A golden bed was spread on Lhe branches
of Lhe Lree and on Lhe bed Lhere slepL a small boy Markandeya was exceedlngly surprlsed Lo see
Lhe small boy floaLlng ln Lhe mlddle of Lhls deluge Pe was so confused by hls llluslons LhaL he
dld noL reallse LhaL Lhls boy was none oLher Lhan vlshnu
1he boy spoke Lo Markandeya ?ou are Llred sald Lhe boy ?ou are looklng for a refuge
LnLer my body and resL for some LlmeMarkandeya was so confused LhaL before he could reacL he
enLered Lhe boys body Lhrough Lhe
mouLh lnslde Lhe boys sLomach Markandeya dlscovered all Lhe worlds Lhe seven reglons and
Lhe seven oceans 1he mounLalns and Lhe klngdoms were all Lhere So were all llvlng belngs
Markandeya dld noL know whaL Lo make of all Lhls Pe sLarLed Lo pray Lo vlshnu no sooner Lhan
he had sLarLed he came ouL of Lhe boys mouLh vlshnu now appeared before hlm and blessed
hlm 1he sage spenL a Lhousand years wlLh vlshnu vlshnu Lhen asked l wlsh Lo granL you a
boon WhaL ls your deslre?
l wanL Lo bulld a Lemple Lo Shlva ln urushaoLLama ksheLra replled Markandeya 1hls wlll
prove Lo everyone LhaL vlshnu and Shlva are really one and Lhe same
vlshnu granLed Lhe boon and Markandeya bullL a Lemple Lo Shlva known as 8huvaneshvara
(Lord of Lhe World)
klng ShveLa
ln SaLya ?uga Lhere used Lo be a klng named ShveLa Pe was such a good klng LhaL durlng hls
relgn people llved for Len Lhousand years no one dles as a chlld LongevlLy was hlgh and Lhere
was no lnfanL morLallLy
8uL Lhere was a sage named kapalagouLama unforLunaLely Lhe sages son dled as an lnfanL 1he
sage broughL Lhe dead body Lo ShveLa and Lhe klng resolved LhaL lf he could noL brlng Lhe sages
son back Lo llfe wlLhln a week he would lmmolaLe hlmself ln a flre Pavlng Lhus Laken an oaLh
klng ShveLa worshlpped Shlva wlLh one Lhousand and one hundred blue loLus flowers Shlva
appeared before Lhe klng and granLed Lhe boon LhaL Lhe lnfanL son mlghL be broughL back Lo llfe
klng ShveLa ruled for a Lhousand years Pe also bullL a Lemple Lo vlshnu ln urushaoLLama
ksheLra 1he Lemple LhaL had been bullL by lndradyumna was known as Lhe Lemple of !agannaLha
ShveLas Lemple was noL very far from Lhls and was known as Lhe Lemple of ShveLamadhava 1he
lmage ln Lhls Lemple was as whlLe as Lhe moon
8all
1here was a klng of Lhe dalLyas named 8all Pe was powerful and lnvlnclble Pe was also
rlghLeous and LruLhful 1he gods cold noL bear Lo see 8alls prosperlLy and began Lo ploL how 8all
mlghL be folled So well dld 8all rule LhaL dlsease droughL and evll dlsappeared LhroughouL Lhe
Lhree worlds
ln desperaLlon Lhe gods approached vlshnu lease do someLhlng abouL 8all Lhey requesLed
?ou always help us ouL when we are ln Lrouble
1here ls no dlfference beLween 8all and Lhe gods so far as l am concerned replled vlshnu
8all ls devoLed Lo me l cannoL Lherefore flghL wlLh hlm 8uL l wlll Lhlnk of a way so LhaL hls
klngdom mlghL be Laken away from hlm and glven Lo youvlshnu declded Lo be born as AdlLls son 1he
son was a dwarf 1hls was Lhe vamana avaLara
(dwarf lncarnaLlon) of vlshnu
8all proposed Lo organlse a horse sacrlflce Many sages came Lo Lhe sacrlflce and Shukracharya
was Lhe chlef prlesL 1he dwarf also arrlved Lo wlLness Lhe ya[na
Shukracharya reallsed LhaL Lhe dwarf was none oLher Lhan vlshnu Pe Lold 8all l suspecL LhaL
Lhls dwarf ls vlshnu ln dlsgulse Pe musL have come here Lo ask you for someLhlng lease do
noL granL hlm anyLhlng wlLhouL flrsL consulLlng me
CerLalnly noL replled 8all lL ls good forLune lndeed LhaL Lhe greaL vlshnu has come Lo my
house WhaL ls Lhere Lo consulL abouL? l shall granL vlshnu whaLever he wanLs
8all wenL Lo Lhe dwarf Lo ascerLaln whaL Lhe dwarf wanLed vlshnu expressed Lhe wlsh LhaL he
mlghL be glven as much of land as mlghL be covered ln Lhree of Lhe dwarfs sLeps 1hls boon 8all
readlly granLed 8uL no sooner Lhan Lhe boon had been granLed Lhe dwarf adopLed a glganLlc
form Pe placed one fooL on 8alls ya[na and Lhe second on 8rahmaloka
Where wlll l place my Lhlrd sLep? demanded vlshnu 1here ls no more space lefL ln Lhe enLlre
unlverse llnd me a place for my Lhlrd sLep
8all smlled and sald lace lL on my back
vlshnu was charmed aL 8alls generoslLy Pe granLed 8all Lhe boon LhaL 8all would hold Lhe LlLle
of lndra ln a fuLure manvanLara Pe Lhen appolnLed 8all klng of Lhe underworld 8uL lndras
klngdom of heaven whlch 8all had conquered was reLurned Lo lndra
8rahma had all Lhls whlle been ln 8rahmaloka When vlshnu placed hls second fooL on
8rahmaloka 8rahma felL LhaL he should welcome hls waLerpoL (kamandalu) Lo wash Lhe fooL
1he waLer spllled over from Lhe fooL and fell on Lhe mounLalns 1here Lhe waLer dlvlded lnLo four
vlshnu accepLed Lhe flow LhaL wenL norLhwards 1he flow LhaL wenL wesLwards reLurned Lo
8rahmas kamandalu 1he flow LhaL wenL easLwards was gaLhered up by Lhe gods and Lhe sages
8uL Lhe flow LhaL wenL souLhwards goL enLangled ln Shlvas maLLed halr 1hls waLer was Lhe rlver
Canga
CouLama
arL of Lhe waLer of Lhe Canga LhaL goL sLuck ln Shlvas halr was broughL down Lo earLh by
8haglraLha 1he remalnlng parL was broughL down by Lhe sage CouLama
arvaLl was marrled Lo Shlva buL Shlva seemed Lo be fonder of Canga Lhan of arvaLl arvaLl
resolved LhaL a way had Lo be found Lo remove Canga from Shlvas halr She Lrled persuaslon buL
Shlva refused Lo llsLen
AL Lhls Llme Lhere was a Lerrlble droughL on earLh whlch wenL on for fourLeen years 1he only
place LhaL was noL affecLed by Lhe droughL was Lhe sage CouLhamas hermlLage CLher people also
gaLhered ln Lhe hermlLage Lo save Lhemselves from Lhe droughL and CouLama welcomed Lhem all
Canesha LhoughL LhaL he mlghL be able Lo devlse a way Lo free hls moLher of Lhe Canga problem
Pe wenL and began Lo llve ln CouLhamas hermlLage
Canesha culLlvaLed Lhe acqualnLance of Lhe oLher sages and become qulLe frlendly wlLh Lhem
Cne of arvaLls companlons was !aya Canesha Lold !aya LhaL she was Lo adopL Lhe form of a
cow and eaL up Lhe graln ln CouLamas flelds And Lhe momenL she was sLruck she was Lo lle
down on Lhe ground and preLend Lo be dead
CouLama noLlced LhaL a cow was eaLlng up hls graln Pe Lrled Lo drlve away Lhe cow by sLrlklng lL
wlLh a blade of grass As soon as he dld Lhls Lhe cow uLLered a Srlll bellow and fell down on Lhe
ground Canesha and Lhe oLher sages came runnlng Lo see whaL had happened 1hey dlscovered
LhaL Lo all lnLenLs and purposes a cow had been sLruck down dead by sage CouLama 1hey
Lherefore refused Lo sLay ln an ashrama where such a sln had been commlLLed
CouLama Lrled Lo resLraln Lhem lease do noL go away and forsake me he sald 1ell me how l
may performed penance
?ou wlll have Lo brlng down Canga from Shlvas halr replled Canesh When LhaL waLer
Louches Lhe dead body of Lhe cow your sln wlll be forglven
?ou wlll have Lo brlng down Canga from Shlvas halr replled Canesha When LhaL waLer
Louches Lhe dead body of Lhe cow your sln wlll be forglven
Canesha was so frlendly wlLh Lhe oLher sages LhaL Lhey all accepLed hls soluLlon CouLama also
agreed Lo do Lhe needful Accordlngly CouLama wenL Lo MounL kallasa and began Lo pray Lo
Shlva Shlva was pleased aL CouLamas Lapasya and offered Lo granL a boon CouLama naLurally
wanLed Lhe boon LhaL Canga mlghL be broughL down Lo earLh Shlva agreed lL was Lhus LhaL
Canga was broughL down Lo earLh by Lhe sage CouLama Canga has four LrlbuLarles ln heaven
seven on earLh and four ln Lhe underworld Slnce lL was CouLama who broughL Canga down Lo
earLh Lhe rlver ls also known as CouLaml Canga
1he uoves
ln a mounLaln known as 8rahmaglrl Lhere used Lo llve a hunLer who was very cruel Pe noL only
kllled blrds and anlmals buL brahmanas and sages as well
1he hunLer once wenL on a hunL Pe kllled many anlmals and blrds and some he puL ln hls cages
Pe had peneLraLed so far lnslde Lhe foresL LhaL he was far from home lL became nlghL and also
sLarLed Lo raln Pungry and LhlrsLy Lhe hunLer losL hls way Pe cllmbed up a Lree and declded Lo
spend Lhe nlghL Lhere 8uL hls mlnd kepL golng back Lo hls wlfe and chlldren aL home
lor many years a dove and lLs famlly had llved happlly on LhaL Lree 8oLh Lhe male and female
had gone ouL Lo look for food 8uL alLhough Lhe make dove had reLurned Lo Lhe nesL Lhe female
dove had noL ln facL Lhe female had been capLured by Lhe hunLer and was now lnslde a cage 1he
male dld noL know Lhls Pe mourned for hls wlfe1hese words of mournlng were heard by Lhe female
dove lnslde Lhe cage and she made her
presence felL 1he male dove came down and dlscovered hls wlfe lnslde Lhe cage 1he hunLer ls
sleeplng now he sald now ls Lhe Llme for me Lo free you
no replled Lhe female dove ?ou know how lL ls wlLh llvlng belngs Cne llvlng belng llves on
anoLher l can flnd noL faulL wlLh Lhe hunLer he ls merely collecLlng hls food Pe ls llke a guesL Lo
us And lL ls our duLy Lo offer up our bodles for Lhe sake of a guesL
?ou are qulLe rlghL sald Lhe male dove l losL my sense of proprleLy We have Lo serve our
guesL 8uL how do we serve our guesL? We have noLhlng LhaL we can call our own
AL Lhe momenL Lhe hunLer ls sufferlng mosL from Lhe cold replled Lhe female dove We have
Lo llghL a flre Lo warm hlm up Co and flnd a flre and brlng plenLy of dead leaves and branches so
LhaL Lhe flre may burn
1he male dove found a flamlng branch Pe also broughL many dry leaves and branches so LhaL
Lhe flre could burn 1he raln had sLopped and Lhe flre warmed up Lhe hunLer
now sald Lhe female dove free me so LhaL l may lmmolaLe myself ln Lhe flre My roasLed
flesh wlll serve as food for Lhe hunLer
never replled Lhe male dove lL ls my rlghL Lo serve Lhe guesL flrsL
Saylng Lhls Lhe male dove hurled hlmself lnLo Lhe flre 1he hunLer had heard Lhe enLlre
conversaLlon and marveled LhaL Lwo doves could be so alLrulsLlc 1he female dove now requesLed
Lhe hunLer Lo free her from Lhe cage And as soon as he dld Lhls Lhe female dove also hurled
herself lnLo Lhe flre
1hls selfless deed of Lhe Lwo doves was so wonderful LhaL a space vehlcle (vlmana) came down
Lo Lake Lhe Lwo doves sLralghL Lo heaven 1he cruel hunLer was also lmpressed and repenLed hls
pasL mlsdeeds Pe Lold Lhe doves ?ou are lndeed blessed 8efore you go Lo heaven please Lell
me how l may perform penance for my slns
Co Lo CouLaml Canga and baLhe Lhere for flfLeen days replled Lhe doves ?our slns wlll also
be forglven
1he hunLer dld as he had been asked Lo 1he place where Lhe doves lmmolaLed Lhemselves
became a holy LlrLha known as kapoLaLlrLha slnce Lhe word kapoLa means dove
Caruda and Manlnaga
?ou have already been Lold abouL Lhe greaL snake (naga) AnanLa AnanLa had a son named
Manlnaga Caruda was Lhe enemy of Lhe snakes and Lhe snakes were all afrald of Caruda
Manlnaga began Lo pray Lo Shlva Pavlng pleased Shlva he obLalned Lhe boon LhaL Caruda
would be able Lo do hlm no harm Armed wlLh Lhls boon Manlnaga sLarLed Lo wander around freely and
dld noL run away even when faced wlLh Caruda Caruda found Lhls Lo be exceedlngly
sLrange AlLhough he could noL klll Manlnaga he capLured hlm and kepL hlm lmprlsoned ln hls
own house
Shlva had a companlon named nandl nandl Lold Shlva Lord whaL has happened Lo Manlnaga?
We have noL seen hlm for some Llme l hope LhaL Caruda has noL done hlm some harm
Shlva of curse knew whaL had happened Pe advlsed nandl Lo pray Lo vlshnu nandl was Lo
please vlshnu and Lhen ask for Lhe boon LhaL Manlnaga mlghL be freed from Carudas
lmprlsonmenL nandl dld Lhls and vlshnu asked Caruda Lo release Manlnaga
Lord Caruda Lold vlshnu Lhls ls very unfalr CLher masLers LreaL Lhelr servanLs really well
1hey glve Lhelr servanLs glfLs See how Shlva has senL nandl hlmself Lo rescue Shlvas devoLee
Manlnaga ?ou never glve me any glfLs Moreover when l obLaln someLhlng on my own you
ask me Lo rellnqulsh lL ls Lhls proper on your parL? lL ls on me LhaL you rlde when you go ouL Lo
flghL Lhe demons 1hey geL defeaLed because of my prowess And yeL lL Llckles your ego no end
Lo Lhlnk LhaL you have defeaLed Lhem yourself
vlshnu smlled and replled Caruda you are qulLe rlghL ?ou have become Lhln and learn from
bearlng my welghL lL ls qulLe Lrue LhaL l can defeaL Lhe demons only because of your prowess
?ou have a loL of sLrengLh Why donL you bear Lhe welghL of my llLLle flnger and demonsLraLe
your sLrengLh?
vlshnu placed hls llLLle flnger on Carudas head So heavy was Lhe flnger LhaL Caruda was
crushed agalnsL Lhe ground
lease forglve me sald Caruda l have been very sLupld l am an lgnoranL ass and you are Lhe
lord of everyLhlng l have been compleLely flaLLened by Lhe welghL of your llLLle flnger lease Lell
me how l may regaln my old self
vlshnu asked nandl Lo Lake Caruda Lo Shlva Shlva would flnd a way of resLorlng Carudas old
appearance Manlnaga was released and nandl Look Caruda Lo Shlva Shlva asked Caruda Lo
baLhe ln CouLaml Canga 1hls would make hls appearance normal agaln
Caruda dld Lhls noL only was hls old appearance resLored he became sLronger and swlfLer Lhan
he used Lo be 1he place where Caruda baLhed ls a LlrLha known as CarudaLlrLha
vlshvamlLra and lndra
Many years ago Lhere was a Lerrlble droughL 1here was no food Lo be had 1he sage
vlshvamlLra had come Lo Lhe banks of Lhe rlver CouLaml Canga wlLh hls dlsclples vlshvamlLras
wlfe chlldren and dlsclples were all hungry 1he sage Lherefore senL hls dlsclples ouL Lo look for
food 1hey searched everywhere buL could flnd no food 1he only ob[ecL LhaL Lhey could flnd
was Lhe body of a dead dog 1hey broughL Lhls Lo vlshvamlLraWe have no cholce vlshvamlLra Lold hls
dlsclples Clean Lhe meaL carefully wlLh waLer 1hen
offer lL Lo Lhe gods Lhe sages and Lhe ancesLors 1hls ls whaL we have Lo llve on
Cfferlng Lhe meaL of a dog Lo Lhe gods was unheard of lndra adopLed Lhe form of a hawk and
sLole Lhe vessel ln whlch Lhe meaL was kepL 8uL vlshvamlLra goL Lo know abouL Lhls and goL
ready Lo curse lndra lndra was naLurally scared of vlshvamlLras curse Pe changed Lhe dogmeaL
lnLo amrlLa (a heavenly drlnk) and broughL Lhe vessel back
l donL wanL amrlLa vlshvamlLra Lold lndra 8rlng Lhe dogmeaL back l donL wanL Lo have
amrlLa when Lhe whole world ls sLarvlng for food 1here ls no food avallable and l do noL see any
sln ln eaLlng dogmeaL nor should Lhere be a sln ln offerlng lL Lo Lhe gods
lndra was Lhe god of ralns Pe reallsed LhaL Lhe only way Lo persuade vlshvamlLra agalnsL eaLlng
Lhe dogmeaL was Lo make lL raln so LhaL Lhere would be an end Lo Lhe droughL lnsLrucLed by
lndra Lhe clouds poured down raln vlshvamlLra and hls dlsclples now consenLed Lo parLake of
Lhe amrlLa
1he place where all Lhls happened has come Lo be known as vlshvamlLraLlrLha
ShveLa
1here used Lo be a brahmana named ShveLa Pe was a frlend of Lhe sage CouLama and had a
hermlLage on Lhe banks of Lhe CouLaml Canga ShveLa was also devoLed Lo Shlva ln due course
ShlveLa dled and ?amas messengers arrlved Lo Lake ShveLa Lo ?ama 8uL Lhey could noL even
enLer ShlveLas house
llndlng LhaL ?amas messengers ere noL reLurnlng ?amas companlon ChlLraka Lold ?ama
WhaL do you Lhlnk has happened? Why arenL Lhe messengers reLurnlng?
?ama now senL hls companlon MrlLyu (llLerally deaLh) Lo flnd ouL whaL was golng on MrlLyu
wenL Lo ShveLas house and found ?amas messengers sLandlng ouLslde Lhe house 1hey explalned
LhaL Lhey were unable Lo enLer Lhe house because Shlva hlmself was guardlng ShveLas body Cne
of Shlvas companlons asked MrlLyu WhaL are you dolng here? WhaL do you wanL?
l have come Lo Lake ShveLa Lo ?ama replled MrlLyu Pls Llme on earLh ls up
MrlLyu flung a noose Lo grasp ShveLas body 8uL Shlvas companlon sLruck MrlLyu wlLh a rod
and kllled hlm When Lhe news of Lhls was Laken Lo ?ama he was furlous WlLh all hls
companlons he aLLacked ShveLas house nandl Canesha karLlkeya and several of Shlvas
companlons came Lo flghL on Shlvas slde and a baLLle royal raged All Lhe gods arrlved Lo
medlaLe and end Lhe sLrlfe 1hlngs had a goL a blL ouL of hand and ?ama hlmself had been kllled
by karLlkeya
1he problem seemed Lo defy soluLlon ?ama was afLer all performlng hls duLy 8uL Shlva
lnslsLed LhaL hls devoLees would never be Laken Lo ?ama buL would lnsLead go sLralghL Lo heaven
Shlvas condlLlon was flnally agreed Lo nandl broughL waLer from Lhe CouLaml Canga and sprlnkled lL
on ?ama and Lhe oLhers who had dled ln Lhe flghLlng 1hey were all lmmedlaLely
broughL back Lo llfe
kubera
kubera was Lhe eldesL son of Lhe sage vlshrava vlshrava had Lwo wlves 1he flsL wlfe glve blrLh
Lo kubera 1he second wlfe was a rakshasa (demon) woman and gave blrLh Lo 8avana
kumbhakarna and vlbhlshana kubera used Lo rule ln Lanka and hls relaLlons wlLh hls couslns
were exLremely good 8uL 8avanas moLher dld noL llke ldea of her sons mlxlng so much wlLh
kubera
She called her sons and sald WhaL are you up Lo? Why do you cause me so much of paln? ?ou
are demons and kubera ls a god ls lL proper LhaL you should be so frlendly wlLh hlm? 1he
relaLlon beLween gods and demons ls one of enmlLy Conslder kuberas pomp and glory Pave
you goL anyLhlng llke LhaL Lo show for yourselves? uo someLhlng so as Lo lmprove your own
sLaLures 1hus lnsLrucLed by Lhelr moLher 8avana kumbhakarna and vlbhlshana wenL off Lo Lhe
foresL Lo perform Lapasya 1hey pleased 8rahma wlLh Lhelr prayers and deslred Lhe boon LhaL Lhey
mlghL wln over Lhe klngdom of Lanka 8avana also obLalned Lhe boon LhaL he would become
very sLrong
1hus forLlfled wlLh Lhe boons Lhe demons aLLacked kubera and defeaLed hlm 1hey drove kubera
ouL of Lanka kubera possessed a beauLlful vlmana named pushpaka 1hls was also approprlaLed
by 8avana 8avana also made lL known LhaL whoever gave kubera refuge would be kllled by
hlm 1hls meanL LhaL no one dared glve refuge Lo kubera
kubera soughL Lhe advlce of hls grandfaLher ulasLya ulasLya Lold hlm Lo go Lo Lhe banks of Lhe
CouLaml Canga and pray Lo Shlva Lhere Shlva appeared before kubera and blessed hlm wlLh Lhe
boon LhaL kubera would become Lhe god of all wealLh
Parlshchandra
ln Lhe lkshvaku dynasLy Lhere ruled a klng named Parlshchandra Parlshchandra had no son Cne
day Lwo sages named narada and arvaLa came Lo vlslL Parlshchandra and Lold hlm LhaL he
would go Lo hell lf he dld noL have a son
Pow can l obLaln a son? asked Parlshchandra
Co Lo Lhe banks of Lhe CouLaml Canga advlsed Lhe sages ray Lo Lhe god varuna Lhere We
are sure LhaL varuna wlll granL you a son
Parlshchandra pleased varuna wlLh hls prayers and asked for a son
?ou wlll have a son sald varuna 8uL Lhere ls a condlLlon aLLached ?ou wlll have Lo
subsequenLly organlse a ya[na ln my honor and you wlll have Lo sacrlflce your son aL Lhls ya[na
1ell me lf Lhls condlLlon ls accepLable Lo you?es lndeed replled Parlshchandra
ln due course Parlshchandra had a son who was named 8ohlLa
varuna came Lo Parlshchandra and asked WhaL abouL Lhe ya[na ln my honor?
My son ls sLlll Loo young replled Parlshchandra LeL hlm aL leasL aLLaln Len days of age 1lll
Lhen Lhe baby ls ln any case lmpure and ls noL flL Lo be sacrlflced
AfLer Len days varuna came agaln and asked WhaL abouL Lhe ya[na ln my honor?
lease leL hlm grow hls LeeLh replled Parlshchandra Anlmals are sacrlflced aL ya[nas And no
one becomes an anlmal unLll he acLually has LeeLh
varuna walLed Llll Lhe LeeLh grew and reLurned when 8ohlLa was seven years of age WhaL abouL
Lhe ya[na ln my honor? he asked
1hese are only mllk LeeLh replled Parlshchandra 1hese do noL characLerlse an anlmal lease
walL unLll hls proper LeeLh have grown
varuna reLurned when Lhe proper LeeLh grew and asked WhaL abouL Lhe ya[na ln my honor?
Pe ls Lhe son of kshaLrlya (Lhe second of Lhe four classes a warrlor class) replled
Parlshchandra 8uL hls Lralnlng ln Lhe arL of flghLlng has noL even begun Pe cannoL be called a
kshaLrlya unLll he knows how Lo flghL 1lll LhaL day he ls an lncompleLe man uo you really wanL
such an lncompleLe man as a sacrlflce?
AfLer some years had passed 8ohlLa became skllled ln Lhe arL of flghLlng and was appolnLed Lhe
helrapparenL (yuvara[a) Lo Lhe klngdom Pe was Lhen slxLeen years of age
varuna appeared agaln and asked WhaL abouL Lhe ya[na ln my honor?
1hls Llme Lhe enLlre conversaLlon Look place ln fronL of Lhe prlnce and 8ohlLa lnLervened before
Parlshchandra could say anyLhlng laLher he sald l have already resolved Lo perform a ya[na
ln vlshnus honor CranL me Lhe permlsslon Lo compleLe LhaL flrsL AfLer LhaL do whaL you wlll
8ohlLa wenL off Lo Lhe foresL Meanwhlle varuna had had enough and he affllcLed Parlshchandra
wlLh a palnful sLomach allmenL news of hls faLhers lllness was Laken Lo 8ohlLa ln Lhe foresL ln
Lhe foresL 8ohlLa meL a sage named A[lgarLa 1he sage was very poor and LogeLher wlLh hls wlfe
and Lhree sons was sLarvlng
Wlll you sell one of your Lhree sons Lo me? asked 8ohlLa 1he boy ls needed for a sacrlflce
l shall noL sell my eldesL son sald Lhe sage My wlfe wlll noL permlL Lhe youngesL one Lo be
sold ?ou can have Lhe one ln Lhe mlddle Pls name ls Shunahshepa 1he prlce wlll be one
Lhousand cows one Lhousand golden colns one Lhousand pleces of cloLhlng and a loL of wealLh8ohlLa
pald Lhe prlce and broughL Shunahshepa home Lo Parlshchandra
We canL do Lhls sald Parlshchandra lL ls Lhe duLy of klngs Lo proLecL Lhe brahmanas Pow
can we sacrlflce Lhe son of a brahmana? lL ls beLLer Lo dle lnsLead Co and reLurn Shunahshepa Lo
hls faLher
!usL Lhen a dlvlne volce was heard from heaven 1he volce sald 1here ls no need for anyone Lo
dle 1ake Shunahshepa Lo Lhe banks of Lhe CouLaml Canga and perform Lhe ya[na Lo varuna
Lhere CouLaml Canga ls such a sacred rlver LhaL no human sacrlflces are needed lf a ya[na ls
performed Lhere
1hls ls whaL Parlshchandra dld noL varuna was saLlsfled As for Shunahshepa he was adopLed
by Lhe sage vlshvamlLra as a son
vrlddhagouLama
1he sage CouLama had a son named vrlddhagouLama vrlddhagouLama was also a sage 8uL he
was very ugly 8esldes he had no nose had never had one slnce he had been born Pe was so
ashamed of Lhls deformlLy LhaL he could noL bear Lo [oln Lhe oLher chlldren of Lhe sages ln
sLudylng Lhe vedas and ShasLras under a Leacher 8uL vrlddhagouLama knew some lncanLaLlons
(manLras) whlch he always chanLed Pe also worshlpped Lhe god Agnl
When he grew a blL older vrlddhagouLama wenL ouL Lo Lour Lhe world Pe Lraveled Lo many
places and meL many people Slnce he was deformed he never goL marrled Who would wanL Lo
marry a person so ugly as he?
ln Lhe course of hls Lravels vrlddhagouLama arrlved aL a mounLaln named ShlLaglrl Pe
dlscovered a beauLlful cave ln Lhe mounLaln and LhoughL LhaL Lhls mlghL be a good place Lo llve
ln So he enLered Lhe cave and was very surprlsed Lo flnd an old woman lnslde 1he old woman
had obvlously been llvlng lnslde Lhe cave for many years Per body was Lhln and wasLed from
Lhe rlgours of severe Lapasya
vrlddhagouLama was abouL Lo Louch Lhe feeL of such a venerable old woman buL Lhe woman
resLralned hlm lease donL Louch my feeL sald Lhe woman ?ou are my guru uoes a guru
ever bow before hls dlsclple?
vrlddagouLama was surprlsed aL Lhese words 1hls was Lhe flrsL Llme ln hls llfe LhaL he had meL
Lhe old woman Pow can l be your guru? he asked ?ou are much older Lhan me 8esldes l
have never learnL anyLhlng and you are clearly a respecLed asceLlc ?our words are a compleLe
mysLery Lo me
LeL me Lell you my sLory sald Lhe old woman CLherwlse you wlll noL undersLand
1here used Lo be a handsome and brave prlnce named 8lLadhva[a Pe was Lhe son of klng
ArshLlshena 8lLadhva[a wenL on a hunL Lo Lhe foresL and arrlved aL LhaL very cave 1here he
happened Lo meeL an apsara named Sushyama 1he Lwo fell ln love wlLh each oLher and goL marrled
8uL evenLually 8lLadhva[a had Lo reLurn home and Sushyama gave blrLh Lo a daughLer
Lhere Sushyama lefL her daughLer ln Lhe cave lLself wlLh Lhe lnsLrucLlon LhaL she was noL Lo leave
Lhe cave 1he flrsL man Lo enLer Lhe cave would become her husband lL was Lhls daughLer who
had now become Lhe old woman 8lLadhva[a had relgned for elghLy Lhousand years AfLer LhaL
rlLadhva[as son had relgned for Len Lhousand years All Lhls whlle Sushyamas daughLer had
llved ln Lhe cave LhaL ls for nlneLy Lhousand years all LogeLher
now you see LhaL you are Lo be my husband sald Lhe old woman ls a husband noL a guru?
WhaL you say ls qulLe lmposslble replled vrlddhagouLama ?ou are much older Lhan me l am
only a Lhousand years old and you more Lhan nlneLy Lhousand Pow can we marry? l am llke a
chlld nexL Lo you
lf you do noL marry me l wlll klll myself sald Lhe old woman
8uL l am ugly proLesLed vrlddhagouLama l wlll promlse you Lhls much lf l every become
handsome and learned l wlll lndeed marry you
l have pleased Lhe goddess SarasvaLl who presldes over all learnlng Lhrough my Lapasya sald
Lhe old woman She wlll make you learned l have also pleased Lhe god varuna and he wlll
make you handsome
vrlddhagouLama became handsome and learned and marrled Lhe old woman 1hey llved happlly
ln Lhe cave
Cne day varlous sages came Lo vlslL Lhe couple AmongsL Lhem Lhere were sages llke vashlshLha
and vamadeva 8uL Lhere were also young sages who ere noL all LhaL senslble 1he younger sages
sLarLed Lo laugh aL Lhe slghL of Lhe young and handsome vrlddhagouLama and hls aged wlfe
Who ls Lhls man? Lhey asked Lhe old woman ls he your son or your grandson?
1he sages wenL away buL Lhe couple felL ashamed 1hey asked Lhe sage AgasLya whaL Lhey mlghL
do AgasLya Lold Lhem Lo go and baLhe ln Lhe rlver CouLaml Canga 1he rlver ls so sacred LhaL all
ones hearLs deslres are Lhereby granLed 1he couple dld Lhls and prayed Lo vlshnu and Shlva
Wonder of wonders Lhe old woman became young and preLLy 1he place on Lhe banks of Lhe
rlver where Lhese wonderful Lhlngs happened ls a LlrLha named vrlddhasangama
lppalada
Many years ago Lhere used Lo be a sage named uadhlcl Pls wlfe was Lopamudra uadhlchls
hermlLage was rlghL nexL Lo Lhe holy rlver Canga Lopamudras slsLer CabhasLlnl also used Lo llve
ln Lhe hermlLage Such was Lhe sage uadhlchls powers LhaL dalLyas and danavas dared noL seL
fooL lnslde Lhe hermlLage1he gods once foughL wlLh Lhe demons and managed Lo defeaL Lhem AfLer
Lhe war was over Lhey
came Lo pay Lhelr respecLs Lo uadhlchl uadhlchl welcomed hls guesLs and wanLed Lo know how
Lhey were farlng
1hanks Lo your blesslngs we are flne replled Lhe gods We have [usL defeaLed Lhe demons ln a
war ln facL we have a sllghL problem We no longer need our weapons now LhaL Lhe demons
have run away We donL know of a safe place where we can sLore all Lhese weapons We were
wonderlng lf we mlghL keep Lhe weapons ln your ashrama 1hls ls one of Lhe safesL places LhaL
can be found
uadhlchl consenLed Lo Lhls proposal 1he gods lefL Lhelr weapons ln Lhe hermlLage and wenL back
Lo heaven
When Lopamudra heard whaL uadhlchl had done she was noL aL all pleased ?ou have done
someLhlng LhaL ls moL lmproper she Lold her husband one should never accepL responslblllLy
for someone elses properLy especlally lf one ls an asceLlc and has noL maLerlal possesslons of
ones own Moreover you have agreed Lo sLore Lhe weapons of Lhe gods uose Lhls noL mean LhaL
Lhose who are Lhe gods enemles wlll look upon you Loo as an enemy? And whaL are you golng Lo
do lf someLhlng should happen Lo Lhe weapons? Wlll Lhe gods noL blame you Lhen?
?our polnLs are well Laken sald uadhlchl 8uL l had noL LhoughL of Lhem and l have glven Lhe
gods my word l canL very well go back on my word now
A hundred years passed 1he gods dld noL reLurn Lo collecL Lhelr weapons 1he weapons began Lo
lose Lhelr lusLer uadhlchl dld noL know how Lhe energy of Lhe weapons mlghL be preserved Pe
washed Lhem wlLh holy waLer and Lhe energy of Lhe weapons goL dlssolve ln Lhe waLer uadhlchl
Lhen drank up Lhe waLer As for Lhe weapons Lhemselves Lhey faded away once Lhelr energy was
gone
llnally Lhe gods came Lo clalm Lhelr weapons Can we have our weapons back? 1hey asked
Cur enemles have become powerful agaln We need our weapons
1haL may be sald uadhlchl 8uL Lhe weapons are no longer Lhere l have swallowed up Lhelr
energy LeL me Lell you whaL can be done l wlll use Lhe powers of medlLaLlon (yoga) Lo glve up
my llfe 1hen excellenL weapons can be made ouL of my bones
1he gods were relucLanL buL Lhee was no oLher soluLlon uadhlchl dled and Lhe gods requesLed
vlshvakarma Lo make weapons for Lhem ouL of uadhlchls bones vlshvakarma complled and Lhe
weapon name va[ra LhaL he made was Lruly remarkable
Lopamudra was away when Lhls lncldenL Look place She reLurned and found LhaL her husband
had dled She was affllcLed wlLh sorrow and wlshed Lo lmmolaLe herself ln a flre 8uL she
happened Lo be pregnanL aL Lhe Llme so LhaL Lhls could noL lmmedlaLely be done Cnce Lhe baby
was born she kllled herself afLer havlng handed over Lhe baby Lo a plppala (flg) Lree for rearlngSlnce
Lhe plppala Lree broughL up Lhe boy he came Lo be known as lppalada Chandra was Lhe
lord over all Lrees 1he Lrees asked Chandra for some amrlLa for lppalada and Chandra obllged
1he amrlLa gave lppalada a loL of sLrengLh
When lppalada grew up he wanLed Lo know who hls parenLs were and Lhe Lrees Lold hlm Lhe
sLory lppalada blamed Lhe gods for hls parenLs deaLh and declded Lo seek revenge 1he Lrees
broughL lppalada Lo Chandra
?ou are sLlll Loo young sald Chandra llrsL you musL become learned and wellversed ln Lhe
use of weapons Co Lo Lhe foresL of dandakaranya 1he rlver CouLaml Canga flows Lhrough LhaL
foresL ray Lo Shlva Lhere and l am sure LhaL your wlshes wlll be fulfllled
lppalada pleased Shlva Lhrough hls prayers
WhaL boon do you deslre? asked Shlva
l wanL Lhe boon LhaL l may be able Lo desLroy Lhe gods replled lppalada
l have a Lhlrd eye ln Lhe mlddle of my forehead sald Shlva 1he day you can see my Lhlrd eye
your wlsh wlll be granLed
l have a Lhlrd eye ln Lhe mlddle of my forehead sald Shlva Lhe day you can see my Lhlrd eye
your wlsh wlll be granLed
1ry as he mlghL lppalada could noL see Shlvas Lhlrd eye lppalada Lherefore performed even
more dlfflculL Lapasya for even more years LvenLually he managed Lo see Shlvas Lhlrd eye lrom
Shlvas Lhlrd eye was born a demon LhaL looked llke a mare
WhaL ls your deslre? asked Lhe demon of lppalada
klll my enemles Lhe gods was Lhe reply
1he demon lmmedlaLely aLLacked lppalada
WhaL are you dolng? asked lppalada Why are you Lrylng Lo klll me? l asked you Lo klll Lhe
gods
8uL your body has bee creaLed by Lhe gods replled Lhe demon l wlll Lherefore klll you also
lppalada ran Lo Shlva for dellverance Shlva earmarked a reglon lnslde Lhe foresL for lppalada
1here Lhe demon was noL permlLLed Lo enLer lppalada llved Lhere proLecLed from Lhe ravages of
Lhe demon Meanwhlle Lhe gods requesLed Shlva Lo save Lhem as well Shlva persuaded
lppalada Lo conLrol hls anger Pe convlnced lppalada LhaL noLhlng was Lo be galned by kllllng
Lhe gods 1haL would noL brlng hls parenLs backlppalada agreed 8uL he wlshed Lo see hls parenLs
once Accordlngly vlmana descended from
heaven on whlch uadhlchl and Lopamudra were seaLed 1hey blessed lppalada and asked hlm
Lo marry and have chlldren
As for Lhe demon lL became a rlver and merged wlLh Lhe holy Canga
nageshvara
1here was a clLy named raLlshLhana A klng named Shurasena ruled ln LhaL clLy Shurasena dld
noL have any sons AfLer a loL of efforL a son was born Lo hlm 8uL Lhe son happened Lo be a
snake 1he klng and Lhe queen were morLlfled aL Lhls Lurn of evenLs 8uL Lhey broughL up Lhelr son
ln greaL secrecy noL even Lhe klngs mlnlsLers and prlesLs knew LhaL Lhe prlnce was a snake
When Lhe prlnce grew sllghLly he began Lo Lalk llke a human even Lhough he was a snake klng
Shurasena arranged for Lhe prlnces educaLlon AfLer Lhe snake had become learned ln Lhe
knowledge of Lhe vedas he Lold hls faLher laLher lL ls Llme for me Lo geL marrled lf l do noL
have a son l am cerLaln Lo go Lo naraka
klng Shurasena was very surprlsed Lo hear Lhls Pow ls LhaL posslble? he asked Whlch
prlncess wlll consenL Lo marry a snake?
l donL know replled Lhe prlnce 8uL l do know LhaL l have Lo geL marrled CLher wlse l wlll
commlL sulclde 1here are many forms of marrlage LhaL are permlsslble erhaps a prlncess can
be kldnapped and marrled Lo me
Shurasena called hls mlnlsLers and Lold Lhem My son nageshvara has now come of age Pe has
also been made Lhe helrapparenL Lo Lhe klngdom 1here ls no one equal Lo hlm ln bravery on
earLh ln heaven or ln Lhe underworld l am geLLlng old lease arrange for nageshvara Lo geL
marrled l shall Lhen rellnqulsh my klngdom and reLlre Lo Lhe foresL
1he klng dld noL of course Lell hls mlnlsLers LhaL nageshvara was a snake
Shurasena had an aged mlnlsLer 1hls mlnlsLer reporLed LhaL Lhere was a klng named vl[aya who
ruled ln Lhe easLern parL of Lhe counLry klng vl[aya had elghL sons and one daughLer 1he
daughLers name was 8hogavaLl and she was very beauLlful She would be Lhe rlghL maLch for
nageshvara
1he aged mlnlsLer was senL as a messenger Lo vl[aya and Lhe klng agreed Lo Lhe maLch 1here
was a cusLom amongsL kshaLrlyas LhaL Lhe brlde dld noL always have Lo be marrled Lo Lhe
brldegroom ln person She could also be marrled Lo Lhe brldegrooms sword or some oLher
weapon 1he mlnlsLer explalned Lo klng vl[aya LhaL Lhere were some prlvaLe reasons whlch made
lL lmposslble for nageshvara Lo come ln person for Lhe marrlage 8hogavaLl should be marrled
off Lo nageshvaras sword vl[aya consenLed Lo Lhls and Lhe marrlage ceremony was performed
1he enLlre reLlnue Lhen reLurned Lo Lhe clLy of raLlshLhana8uL whaL was Lo be done now LhaL Lhe
marrlage was over? nageshvaras moLher senL a made Lo
8hogavaLl 1he mald was Lo Lell 8hogavaLl LhaL her husband was acLually a snake and Lhen
observe her reacLlon
1he mald Lold 8hogavaLl ?our husband ls a god buL he has Lhe form of a snake
1haL ls my good forLune replled 8hoavaLl normally women are marrled Lo men l musL have
performed many good deeds ln my earller llfe Lo have been marrled Lo a god
8hogavaLl was Lhen broughL Lo nageshvara and aL Lhe slghL of 8hogavaLl nageshvara
remembered hls earller llfe Pe used Lo be a snake (naga) ln hls earller llfe and was a companlon
of Shlvas Pls wlfe ln Lhe earller llfe was 8hogavaLl
1here had bee an occaslon when Shlva had laughed aL a [oke of parvaLls and nageshvara had
also laughed 1hls had annoyed Shlva and he had cursed nageshvara LhaL he would be born on
earLh as Lhe son of a human buL ln Lhe form of a snake When he wenL and baLhed ln CouLaml
Canga Lhe perlod of Lhe curse would be over When nageshvara recounLed Lhese lncldenLs Lo
8hogavaLl she also remembered her earller llfe 1he Lwo wenL and baLhed ln Lhe scared rlver and
nageshvara obLalned a handsome and dlvlne form nageshavara ruled afLer Shurasenas deaLh
And when nageshvara and 8hogavaLl dled Lhey wenL back Lo kallasa Lo llve wlLh Shlva
Cn Lhe banks of Lhe CouLaml Canga nageshvara and 8hogavaLl bullL a Lemple Lo Shlva 1hls ls a
famous LlrLha known as nagaLlrLha
8rahmas Pead
?ears ago Lhere was a war beLween Lhe gods and Lhe demons and Lhe gods losL 1he gods came
Lo 8rahma for advlce and 8rahma asked Lhem Lo pray Lo Shlva
When Shlva appeared before Lhem Lhe gods sald 1he demons have defeaLed us lease klll
Lhem and save us
Shlva wenL Lo flghL wlLh Lhe demons Pe drove Lhe demons off from MounL Sumeru and ouL of
heaven Pe pursued Lhem Lo Lhe ends of Lhe earLh All Lhls exerLlon made Shlva sweaL And
wherever Lhe drops of sweaL fell down on Lhe ground Lerrlble ogresses named maLrls were
creaLed 1he maLrls also sLarLed Lo klll Lhe demons and pursued Lhem down Lo Lhe underworld
Whlle Lhe maLrls were kllllng Lhe demons ln Lhe underworld 8rahma and Lhe oLher dos walLed on
Lhe banks of Lhe rlver CouLaml Canga 1hls place came Lo be known as raLlshLhana
When Lhe maLrls had kllled all Lhe demons Lhey reLurned Lo earLh and began Lo llve on Lhe banks
of Lhe CouLaml Canga 1hls LlrLha has come Lo be known as maLrlLlrLha
8rahma used Lo have flve heads 1he flfLh head was ln Lhe shape of a donkeys head When Lhe
demons were runnlng away Lo Lhe underworld Lhls donkeys head addressed Lhe demons and sald
why are you runnlng away? Come back and flghL wlLh Lhe gods l shall ald you ln your
flghL
1he gods were alarmed aL Lhls paradoxlcal slLuaLlon 8rahma was helplng Lhem ln Lhelr fllghL
wlLh Lhe demons and 8rahmas flfLh head was Lrylng Lo help Lhe demons 1hey wenL Lo vlshnu
and sald lease cuL off 8rahmas flfLh head lL ls causlng Loo much of confuslon
l can do whaL you wanL replled vlshnu buL Lhere ls a problem When Lhe cuLoff head falls on
earLh lL wlll desLroy Lhe earLh l Lhlnk you should pray Lo Shlva Lo flnd a way ouL
1he gods prayed Lo Shlva and Shlva agreed Lo cuL off Lhe head 8uL whaL was Lo be done wlLh Lhe
severed head? 1he earLh refused Lo bear lL and so dld Lhe ocean llnally lL was declded LhaL Shlva
hlmself would bear Lhe head
1he place where Shlva cuL off 8rahmas flfLh head ls known as rudraLlrLha Lver slnce LhaL day
8rahma has had four heads and ls known as ChaLurmukha (chaLur connoLes four and mukha
connoLes face) 1here ls a Lemple Lo 8rahma on Lhe banks of Lhe CouLaml Canga 1hls ls a holy
place known as brahmaLlrLha A klller of brahmanas ls pardoned hls sln lf he vlslLs Lhls Lemple
1he Cwl and Lhe uove
A dove used Lo llve on Lhe banks of Lhe CouLaml Canga 1he doves name was Anuhrada and lLs
wlfes name was PeLl Anuhrada was ?amas grandson
noL very far away Lhere llved an owl named uluka 1he owls wlfe was called ulukl 1he owls
were descended from Lhe god Agnl
1he doves and Lhe owls were enemles 1hey foughL amongsL Lhemselves conLlnually 1he doves
had recelved all sorLs of weapons from ?ama and Lhe owls had recelved all sorLs of weapons
from Agnl 1hese dlvlne weapons LhreaLened Lo burn up everyLhlng 8uL ?ama and Agnl
lnLervened 1hey persuaded Lhe owls and Lhe doves Lo forgeL Lhelr enmlLy and llve LogeLher as
frlends 1he place where Lhe doves llved came Lo be known as a LlrLha named yamyaLlrLha And
Lhe place where Lhe owls llved came Lo be known as AgnlLlrLha
1he PunLer
1here was a sage named veda Pe used Lo pray Lo Shlva every day 1he prayers lasLed Llll Lhe
afLernoon and afLer Lhe prayers were over veda used Lo go Lo Lhe nearby vlllages Lo beg alms
A hunLer named 8hllla used Lo come Lo Lhe foresL every afLernoon Lo hunL AfLer Lhe hunL was
over he used Lo come Lo Shlvas llnga (lmage) and offer Lo Shlva whaLever lL was LhaL he had
hunLed ln Lhe process of dolng Lhls he ofLen moved vedas offerlngs ouL of Lhe way SLrange
Lhough lL mlghL seem Shlva was sLlrred by 8hlllas offerlngs and eagerly used Lo walL for lL every
day 8hllla and veda never meL 8uL veda noLlced LhaL every day hls offerlngs lay scaLLered and
a llLLle blL of meaL lay by Lhe slde Slnce Lhls always happened when veda had gone ouL Lo beg for alms
veda dld noL know who was responslble Cne day he declded Lo walL ln hldlng so as Lo
caLch Lhe culprlL redhanded
Whlle veda walLed 8hllla arrlved and offered whaL he had broughL Lo Shlva veda was amazed
Lo dlscover LhaL Shlva hlmself appeared before 8hllla and asked Why are you laLe Loday? l have
been walLlng for you uld you geL very Llred?
8hllla wenL away afLer maklng hls offerlngs 8uL veda came up Lo Shlva and sald WhaL ls all
Lhls? 1hls ls a cruel and evll hunLer and yeL you appear before hlm l have been performlng
Lapasya for so many years and you never appear before me l am dlsgusLed aL Lhls parLlallLy l wlll
break your llnga wlLh Lhls sLone
uo lL lf you musL replled Shlva 8uL please walL Llll Lomorrow
nexL day when veda came Lo presenL hls offerlngs he found Lraces of blood on Lop of Lhe llnga
Pe carefully washed away Lhe Lraces of blood and compleLed hls prayers
AfLer some Llme 8hllla also came Lo presenL hls offerlngs and dlscovered Lraces of blood on Lop
of Lhe llnga Pe LhoughL LhaL he was ln some way responslble for Lhls and blamed hlmself for
some unknown Lransgresslon Pe plcked up a sharp arrow and began Lo plerce hls body
repeaLedly wlLh Lhls arrow as punlshmenL
Shlva appeared before boLh of Lhem and sald now you see Lhe dlfference beLween veda and
8hllla veda has glven me hls offerlngs buL 8hllla has glven me hls whole soul 1haL ls Lhe
dlfference beLween rlLual and Lrue devoLlon
1he place where 8hllla used Lo pray Lo Shlva ls a famous LlrLha known as bhlllaLlrLha
CouLama and Manlkundala
1here was a clLy named 8houvana ln LhaL clLy Lhere llved a brahmana named CouLama 1he
brahmana had a valshya (Lrader and agrlculLure casLe) frlend named Manlkundala
CouLamas moLher gave hlm a loL of lll advlce As a resulL of Lhls CouLama Lold Manlkundala
LeL us go Lo oLher counLrles Lo Lrade and make proflLs
8uL my faLher has a loL of wealLh replled Manlkundala WhaL ls Lhe need Lo obLaln more
wealLh?
?ou donL have Lhe proper perspecLlve sald CouLama A successful person ls one who does
noL Lhrlve on whaL ls lefL Lo hlm by hls faLher Pe makes hls own forLune
Manlkundala was convlnced by CounLamas loglc Pe dld noL reallse LhaL hls socalled frlend was
ouL Lo defraud hlm
1he Lwo frlends seL ouL on Lhelr [ourney Manlkundala provldlng all Lhe caplLalln Lhe course of Lhelr
Lravels CouLama remarked Pave you noLlced how Lhose who follow Lhe
paLh of dharma (rlghLeousness) always suffer? 1hey are nelLher wealLhy nor happy 1here seems
Lo be no polnL ln belng rlghLeous
lease donL say LhaL proLesLed manlkundala Papplness lles ln followlng Lhe paLh of dharma
overLy and mlsery are lnevlLable Lhey are of no accounL aL all
1he Lwo frlends argued over Lhls buL could noL declde who was rlghL 1hey resolved Lo have a
beL 1hey would ask Lhe oplnlons of oLhers And whoever losL Lhe beL would surrender all hls
wealLh Lo Lhe wlnner 1hey asked many people for Lhelr oplnlons naLurally mosL people sald LhaL
lL was Lhe evll who Lhrlved and prospered And lL was Lhe rlghLeous who suffered 1he upshoL of
Lhls was LhaL Manlkundala surrendered all hls wealLh Lo CouLama 8uL Manlkundala conLlnued Lo
pralse dharma
?ou are an uLLer ass sald CouLama PavenL you losL all your wealLh Lo me? ?eL you conLlnue
Lo pralse dharma
1he wealLh ls of no accounL aL all replled Manlkundala uharma ls on my slde and your
apparenL vlcLory ls only an llluslon uharma wlll Lrlumph ln Lhe end
1he Lwo frlends declded Lo have anoLher beL 1hls Llme lL was agreed LhaL whoever losL Lhe beL
would have hls Lwo arms chopped off 1hey agaln asked several people and mosL people sald LhaL
ls was adharma (evll) whlch Lrlumphed So Manlkundala losL hls Lwo arms
Pow does lL feel now? asked CouLama
1he same as ever replled Manlkundala WhaL ls lmporLanL ls dharma And dharma ls on my
slde
CouLama losL hls Lemper aL Lhls Pe LhreaLened Lo cuL off Manlkundalas head lf Manlkundala
perslsLed ln hls pralse of dharma 8uL Manlkundala was unperLurbed 1he frlends declded Lo have
anoLher beL 1hls Llme lL was agreed LhaL whoever losL would forfelL hls llfe Manlkundala losL yeL
agaln And CouLama gouged ouL Manlkundalas eyes and lefL hlm for dead
Manlkundala lay on Lhe banks of Lhe CouLaml Canga and pondered abouL Lhe faLe LhaL had
befallen hlm lL became nlghL
1here was an lmage of vlshnu on Lhe banks of Lhe rlver and Lhe rakshasa vlbhlshana used Lo
come Lhere every nlghL Lo pray Lo vlshnu vlbhlshanas son dlscovered Manlkundala lylng Lhere
and found ouL from hlm Lhe enLlre sLory Pe recounLed Lhe sLory Lo hls faLher
Many years ago l had [olned 8ama ln hls flghL wlLh 8avana vlbhlshana Lold hls son
8agvanas son Meghanada shoL a venomous arrow aL 8amas broLher Lakshmana Lakshmana
fell unconsclous 1he monkey Panuman Lhen wenL Lo Lhe Plmalayas and broughL a mounLaln
named Crandhamadana Lo Lanka Cn LhaL mounLaln Lhere was a wonderful herb named
vlshalyakaranl whlch cures all lllnesses When Panuman reLurned Lhe mounLaln Lo Lhe Plmalayas a blL
of Lhe vlshalyakaranl fell down aL Lhls spoL near vlshnus lmage LeL us Lry and
flnd lL We should be able Lo cure Manlkundala
laLher and son hunLed for Lhe herb 1he vlshalyakaranl had become a huge Lree 1hey lopped off
a branch and placed lL on Manlkundalas chesL Manlkundala lmmedlaLely regalned hls eyes and
arms AfLer curlng Manlkundala vlbhlshana and hls reLlnue reLurned Lo Lanka
Manlkundala began Lo Lravel Pe evenLually came Lo a clLy named Mahapura where a klng named
Mahara[a ruled Mahara[a had no sons only a daughLer 1he daughLer was bllnd Mahara[a had
announced LhaL whoever cured hls daughLer would become hls sonlnlaw and rule afLer hlm
Manlkundala cured Lhe prlncess wlLh hls knowledge of Lhe vlshalyakaranl Pe Lhen marrled Lhe
prlncess and became klng of Mahapura afLer Mahara[a
Many years laLer CouLama was broughL before Manlkundala by Lhe soldlers Pe had been
arresLed on Lhe charge of commlLLlng a crlme CouLama had losL all hls wealLh by Lhen and was
no more Lhan a beggar Manlkundala pardoned hls frlend and shared wlLh hlm whaLever he had
Such are Lhe vlrLues of followlng Lhe paLh of dharma 1here are many LlrLhas along Lhe banks of
Lhe CouLaml Canga where Lhese wonderful lncldenLs Look place
kandu
1here was a sage named kandu Pe had a hermlLage on Lhe banks of Lhe CouLaml Canga 1he
ashrama was a beauLlful place and kandu performed very dlfflculL Lapasya Lhere ln Lhe summer
kandu medlLaLed ln Lhe hoL sun ln Lhe monsoon he medlLaLed on Lhe weL ground and ln Lhe
wlnLer he medlLaLed dressed ln weL cloLhlng
lndra goL sacred as a resulL of all Lhls Lapasya Pe LhoughL LhaL Lhe sage kandu mlghL wanL Lo
become lndra Lhe klng of Lhe gods Pe Lherefore called an apsara named dlsLurb kandus
Lapasya
ramalocha wenL Lo Lhe hermlLage and began Lo slng Lhere ln a beauLlful volce 1hls dlsLurbed
kandu and he dlscovered a beauLlful woman wanderlng around ln hls ashrama
Who are you? kandu asked Lhe woman
l have come here Lo pluck flowers replled ramalocha l am your servanL l wlll do whaLever
you wlsh me Lo
kandu had fallen ln love wlLh ramalocha and he marrled her Pe forgoL all abouL hls Lapasya
and lndra heaved a slgh of rellef ?ears passed ramalocha wlshed Lo reLurn Lo heaven buL
kandu would noL leL her
AfLer years and years had passed kandu came ouL of hls huL looklng raLher dlsLracLed lL was
Lhen evenlng and kandu was obvlously golng somewhereWhere are you golng? ramalocha asked
WhaL a sLupld quesLlon! exclalmed kandu CanL you see LhaL lL ls now evenlng? l have goL Lo
go and observe Lhe evenlng rlLes 1he day has passed
WhaL day? asked ramalocha Several days have passed and several evenlngs have come and
gone
no you came here Lhls mornlng sald kandu l broughL you Lo my huL and lL ls now evenlng l
donL undersLand whaL you are Lrylng Lo say Lxplaln yourself
lL ls Lrue LhaL l came here ln Lhe mornlng answered ramalocha 8uL LhaL was a mornlng
whlch dawned many years ago Pundreds of years have passed slnce LhaL day
Pow many years? asked kandu When dld you come here?
SlxLeen hundred years slx monLhs and Lhree days ago replled ramalocha
Are you sure? asked kandu lL seems llke a slngle day Lo me
l am sure sald ramalocha l dare noL lle Lo you
?ou have dlslodged me from my Lapasya responded kandu 8uL l wlll noL curse you slnce
you have been my wlfe Co back Lo heaven l have Lo aLone for my slns
1he sage kandu wenL Lo urshoLLama ksheLra and performed penance for hls slns Pe was
blessed by vlshnu
kandu and ramalocha had a daughLer named Marlsha
1he 8rahma urana also descrlbes several oLher LlrLhas MosL of Lhese are on Lhe banks of Lhe
rlver CouLaml Canga 1hls ls now ldenLlfled as Lhe rlver Codavarl
AfLer descrlblng Lhese several LlrLhas Lhe LexL descrlbes lncldenLs ln krlshnas llfe 1hese we wlll
sklp slnce Lhey are descrlbed ln much greaLer deLall ln Lhe oLher uranas
varnA Ashrama
1here are four varnas (classes) 1helr names are brahmana kshaLrlya valshya and shudra
1he duLles of a brahmana are Lo donaLe alms perform Lapasya worshlp Lhe gods perform ya[nas
and sLudy Lhe vedas 1o earn a llvlng brahmanas are auLhorlzed Lo Leach and acL as prlesLs aL
sacrlflces 1he duLles of kshaLrlya are Lo beaL arms and proLecL Lhe earLh donaLe alms and perform
sacrlflces A kshaLrlya ls also permlLLed Lo sLudy Lhe shasLras 1he duLles of a valshya are
agrlculLure anlmal husbandry and Lrade 1haL aparL valshyas should donaLe alms perform sacrlflces
and sLudy Lhe shasLras 1he duLles of a shudra are Lo serve brahmanas Shudras can also
be shopkeepers and arLlsans
ln Llmes of emergency a brahmana ls allowed Lo adopL Lhe llvellhoods of kshaLrlyas or valshyas
Lo earn a llvlng ln slmllar fashlon a kshaLrlya ls permlLLed Lo adopL Lhe llvellhoods of valshyas or
shudras and a valshya ls permlLLed Lo adopL Lhe llvellhoods of shudras
1here are four ashramas (sLages of llfe) as well 1he flrsL of Lhese ls known as brahmacharya
(cellbaLe sLudenLhood) uurlng Lhls perlod Lhe lndlvldual spends hls days wlLh hls guru and
sLudles Lhe vedas well Pe has Lo serve hls guru ln proper fashlon and llve on alms 1he nexL
ashrama ls LhaL of CrlhasLha (householder sLage) 1he lndlvldual now geLs marrled and has
chlldren Pe serves Lhe gods Lhe sages Lhe ancesLors and guesLs lL ls householders who provlde
alms for sages and hermlLs 1haL ls Lhe reason why Lhe householder sLage ls so very lmporLanL
1he Lhlrd ashrama ls known as vanaprasLha (foresLdwelllng sLage) 1he lndlvldual now reLlres Lo
Lhe foresL and wlLhdraws hls mlnd from Lhe earLhly llfe Pe can leave hls wlfe ln Lhe care of hls
sons or Lake her wlLh hlm Pe llves on rooLs frulLs and leaves and makes a bed for hlmself under
Lhe Lrees Pe ls noL permlLLed Lo shave or cuL hls halr and hls cloLhes have Lo be made ouL of bark
or sklns 1he flnal ashrama ls LhaL of sannyasa (hermlLhood) A hermlL glves up all assoclaLlon
wlLh Lhe world and llves alone Pe grows compleLely deLached Pe llves alone Pe geLs hls food
Lhrough begglng Pe ls noL permlLLed Lo spend more Lhan one nlghL ln a vlllage or more Lhan flve
nlghLs aL a Llme ln a clLy
1he Chandala and Lhe 8rahmarakshasa
A chandala ls an ouLcasL Cn Lhe ouLsklrLs of Lhe clLy named AvanLl llved a chandala 1here was a
Lemple of vlshnu ln AvanLl and Lhe chandala was devoLed Lo vlshnu Pe was also a good slnger
Lkadashl LlLhl ls Lhe elevenLh lunar day Lvery monLh on ekadashl LlLhl Lhe chandala would fasL
durlng Lhe day AL nlghL he would go Lo vlshnus Lemple and slng pralses of vlshnu Pe never
falled Lo observe Lhls rlLual
1he rlver kshlpra (Shlpra) flowed by Lhe clLy of AvanLl Cn one parLlcular nlghL on ekadashl
LlLhl Lhe chandala wenL Lo Lhe banks of Lhe rlver Lo collecL some flowers for worshlpplng vlshnu
Cn Lhe banks of Lhe rlver Lhere was a Lree and on LhaL Lree Lhere llved a brahmarakshasa (demon)
As soon as Lhe demon saw Lhe chandala lL wlshed Lo devour hlm
lease noL LonlghL sald Lhe chandala l have Lo worshlp vlshnu LhroughouL Lhe nlghL LeL me
go now
noL on you llfe replled Lhe demon l have noL eaLen for Len days and l am famlshed l canL leL
you go
lease sald Lhe chandala leL me go l promlse LhaL l wlll come back once Lhe prayers are
over ?ou wlll Lhen be free Lo do wlLh me as you wlll
1he demon leL Lhe chandala go 1he chandala wenL Lo Lhe Lemple Pe worshlpped vlshnu and
spenL Lhe nlghL ln slnglng vlshnus pralses nexL day he reLurned Lo Lhe demonl am lndeed surprlsed
sald Lhe demon ?ou are very LruLhful ?ou canL be a chandala ?ou
musL be a brahmana Answer my quesLlons WhaL dld you do all nlghL?
l sLood ouLslde vlshnus Lemple and sang hls pralse replled Lhe chandala
lor how long have you been dolng Lhls? asked Lhe demon
lor LwenLy years was Lhe chandalas reply
?ou have acqulred a loL of punya (sLore of merlL) Lhrough Lhls sald Lhe demon lease granL
me one nlghLs punya l am slnner
no replled Lhe chandala l wlll noL parL wlLh my punya l have glven you my body eaL me lf
you wlll 8uL Lhe punya ls mlne own
very well Lhen sald Lhe demon Clve me Lwo hours worLh of punya l am a slnner
l have Lold you l wlll noL glve you any of my punya replled Lhe chandala 8uL whaL ls your
sln?
1he brahmarakshasa relaLed hls sLory Pls name was Somasharma and he was Lhe son of
uevasharma uevasharma was a rlghLeous brahmana 8uL Somasharma fell lnLo evll ways A
brahmana ls noL auLhorlsed Lo acL as a prlesL ln a sacrlflce before he has had hls sacredLhread
ceremony (upanayana) 8uL Somasharma became a prlesL aL a ya[na even Lhough hls upanayana
had noL been held As a resulL of Lhls sln when he dled he became a demon 1he chandala was
sLlrred Lo plLy aL Lhls sad sLory and parLed wlLh some of hls punya 1he demon was dellghLed and
expressed hls graLlLude Pe wenL Lo a LlrLha and performed penance 1hus lL was LhaL Lhe demon
was freed
WhaL abouL Lhe chandala? Pe reLurned home and Lhen lefL for a Lour of all Lhe sacred places of
pllgrlmage AL one such LlrLha Pe remembered Lhe sLory of hls earller llfe
Pe used Lo be a hermlL wellversed ln Lhe vedas and Lhe shasLras Pe used Lo beg alms for a
llvlng Cnce he had obLalned some alms 8uL some Lhleves were Lhen ln Lhe process of sLeallng
cows and Lhe hooves of Lhe cows ralsed a cloud of dusL 1he dusL fell onLo Lhe food and Lhe
hermlL Lhrew away Lhe alms ln dlsgusL Slnce he had Lhrown away alms he was born as a
chandala AfLer performlng penance for Lhls sln Lhe chandala was pardoned
?oga
1he word yoga means unlon ?oga ls Lhus a form of medlLaLlon LhaL unlLes Lhe human soul
(aLman) wlLh Lhe dlvlne soul (aramaLman) or equlvalenLly wlLh Lhe dlvlne essence (8rahman)
A pracLlLloner of yoga has Lo sLudy Lhe uranas Lhe vedas and hlsLory Pe has Lo exerclse
resLralnL regardlng Lhe sorL of food he eaLs 1he besL forms of food are yoghurL frulLs rooLs and mllk
?oga should be pracLlced ln a place LhaL ls pleasanL lL should noL be Loo hoL or Loo cold
Lhere nor should Lhere be any nolse Lo dlsLracL Lhe pracLlLloner
?oga has Lo be performed ln a proper posLure (asana) 1he pracLlLloner concenLraLes Lhe enLlre
focus of hls mlnd on Lhe Llp of hls nose Pe conLemplaLes Lhe form of brahmana 1hls can only be
successful lf one ls deLached and conLrols ones senses compleLely
lf yoga ls performed properly Lhere comes Lhe knowledge LhaL Lhe same aramaLman ls ln all
llvlng belngs 1o Lhlnk LhaL llvlng belngs are dlsLlncL from one anoLher ls only Lo fall prey Lo ones
llluslons All Lhe elemenLs have Lhe same aramaLman ln Lhem
Lpllogue
8omaharshana sald Lo Lhe sages who had assembled ln nalmlsharanya Many years ago Lhe
greaL veda vyasa had reclLed Lhe adl urana Lo sages 1he sages had been dellghLed Lo learn Lhe
wlsdom LhaL was ln Lhe greaL 8rahma urana WhaLever veda vyasa had Lold Lhose sages l have
now reclLed before you Lveryone should llsLen Lo a reclLal of Lhls urana be he a householder or
a hermlL
A brahmana who llsLens Lo a reclLal of Lhe 8rahma urana becomes learned a kshaLrlya becomes
vlcLorlous a valshya becomes rlch and a shudra achleves happlness Cne who llsLens Lo Lhe
reclLal falLhfully aLLalns all hls wlshes 1he frulLs of llsLenlng Lo such a reclLal are superlor Lo
vlslLlng Lhe mosL holy of LlrLhas or performlng Lhe mosL dlfflculL of ya[nas
8omaharshana blessed Lhe sages and reLurned Lo hls own hermlLage wlLh Lhe express ln[uncLlon
LhaL Lhe secreLs of Lhe urana should never be dlvulged Lo aLhelsLs who dld noL belleve ln Cod
Pome
2 AuMA u8AnA
S8lSP1lkPAnu
Pavlng revealed Lhe conLenLs of all Lhe uranas Lo hls son ugrashrava Sage Lomaharshan
lnsLrucLed hlm Lo go Lo nalmlsharanya and spread lL among Lhe sages dolng penance over Lhere
1here ls an lnLeresLlng Lale how Lhls sacrosancL foresL of nalmlsh derlved lLs name
Cnce Lhe sages soughL Lord vlshnus help ln flndlng a sulLable place where Lhey could perform
Lhelr rellglous acLlvlLles unhlndered Lord vlshnu released hls chakra and lnsLrucLed Lhem Lo
follow lL 1hls chakra had many clrcumferences (neml) and all of you can commence your
penance aL Lhe place where one of Lhem geLs deLached from Lhe chakra sald Lord vlshnu
1he Sages followed Lhe chakra as per Lhe lnsLrucLlon of Lord vlshnu Cnce of Lhe clrcumferences
of chakra goL deLached and fell aL a place called CangavarLa ln course of Llme Lhls parLlcular place was
famous as nalmlsh because Lhe Lerm neml ln SanskrlL means clrcumference When
ugrashrava who was popularly known as SuLa reached nalmlsharnya all Lhe sages recelved
hlm wlLh enllghLen all Lhe sages on Lhe dlvlne Lales of adma urana
SuLa replled adma urana conslsLs of flve secLlons and flfLyflve Lhousand shlokas 1he
names of Lhese secLlons are SrlshLlkhand 8humlkhand Swarg khand aLal khand and
uLLamkhand 1he Lales of adma urana pralse Lhe glory of Lord vlshnu 1hese Lales were
narraLed Lo Lord 8rahma by Lord vlshnu hlmself who ln Lurn propagaLed Lhem ln Lhls world
Lhrough varlous sages
1PL 8LClnnlnC Cl C8LA1lCn
1he Sages requesLed SuLa Lo narraLe abouL Lhe lncldenL when sage ulasLya had meL 8hlshma
SuLa replled 8hlshma was dolng penance aL a place called Cangadwar 8elng pleased by hls
ausLere penance Lord 8rahma lnsLrucLed ulasLya Lo go Lo Cangadwar and bless 8hlshma
AfLer reachlng Lhere ulasLya Lold 8hlshma LhaL Lord 8rahma was pleased by hls penance Ask
any boon you wlsh for sald ulasLya 8hlshma Lhanked hls good forLune of geLLlng a chance Lo
meeL Sage ulasLya Pe requesLed ulasLya Lo reveal how Lord 8rahma had creaLed Lhe world
ulasLya replled uurlng Lhe lnlLlal phase of hls creaLlon Lord 8rahma creaLed Lhe MahaLLaLva
flrsL of all AfLer LhaL he creaLed Lhe Lhree Lypes of Lgo from Lhe MahaLLaLvaSaLva 8a[as and
1amas 1hese Lhree Lypes of Lgo are Lhe orlglns of all Lhe flve senseorgans organs of acLlon and
all Lhe flve baslc elemenLsspace waLer flre alr and earLh
An enormous egg came lnLo exlsLence wlLh Lhe permuLaLlon and comblnaLlon of Lhese flve baslc
elemenLs WlLhln Lhls egg exlsLs Lhe whole unlverse lncludlng Lhe mounLalns lslands oceans
planeLs delLles demons and Lhe human belngs 1he layers of waLer flre alr space and darkness
envelop Lhls enormous egg 1hese elemenLs are once agaln covered by Lhe MahaLLaLva whlch ln
Lurn ls enveloped by Lhe rakrlLl (naLure) Lord vlshnu hlmself does creaLlon ln Lhe form of Lord
8rahma and also Lakes varlous lncarnaLlons Lo proLecL Lhe manklnd AL Lhe end of Lhe kalpa lL ls
only Pe who annlhllaLes ln Lhe form of 8udra AfLer Lhe end of kalpa he Lakes resL on Lhe back
of Sheshnag for Lhe full perlod of deluge
88APMAS LllLSAn Anu CP8CnCLCClCAL
C8uL8 Cl 1PL L8AS
ulasLya saysLord 8rahma Lhe embodlmenL of Lord vlshnu has a llfespan of one hundred
years Pls llfespan ls also called ar and half of lLs perlod ls known as arardha Cne kashLha
conslsLs of 13 nlmesha whlle a kala conslsLs of 30 kashLhas A muhurLa conslsLs of 30 kalas
1he perlods of 30 muhurLas are equal Lo one day and nlghL of Lhe human belngs A monLh of Lhls
world ls equlvalenL Lo 30 days and nlghLs Slx monLhs make an Ayan and a year conslsLs of Lwo
Ayans 1hese Lwo Ayans are also known by Lwo oLher namesuakshalnayan and uLLarayan
uakshalnayan ls Lhe nlghL of Lhe delLles where as uLLarayan ls Lhelr day lour yugas are equlvalenL Lo
Lwelve Lhousand years of Lhe delLles whlch occur ln a cycllc order
SaLya ?uga 1reLa ?uga uwapar ?uga and kall ?uga 1he perlods of Lhese yugas are as
follows
SaLya ?uga 4000 years 1reLa ?uga 3000 years uwapar ?uga 2000 years kall ?uga 1000
years 1oLal 10000 years
Lach yuga ls followed by Lhe hlbernaLlon perlods of Sandhya and Sandhyansh whlch are as
followsSandhya Sandhyansh
SaLya ?uga 400 400 1reLa ?uga 300 300 uwapar ?uga 200 200 kall ?uga 100 100 1oLal
1000 years 1000 years
lour yuga are collecLlvely known as ChaLuryuga A 8rahmas day conslsLs of oneLhousand such
ChaLuryugas AlLogeLher fourLeen Manu appear durlng Lhls whole perlod of 1000 ChaLurgas or
ln oLher words a day of Lord 8rahma Lach ManvanLar ls named afLer a Manu and ls equlvalenL
Lo llLLle more Lhan 71 ChaLuryugas lL also has lLs own lndra SapLarlshls and oLher delLles 1hls
way a manvanLar ls also equlvalenL Lo 832000 years of Lhe delLles or dlvlne years Colng by Lhe
sLandard of Lhe years of Lhls world a manvanLar ls equlvalenL Lo 306720000 years Cn Lhe basls
of Lhe years of Lhls world a 8rahmas day ls equlvalenL Lo 306720000 x 14 4294080000
years 1hls ls Lhe perlod afLer whlch a 8rahmas day ls over and a deluge Lakes place when all Lhe
Lhree worlds becomes devold of llfe due Lo unbearable heaL Lord 8rahma Lhen Lakes resL for Lhe
same perlod (4294080000 years) whlch ls hls nlghL
AfLer Lhe nlghL ls over Lord 8rahma agaln commences hls creaLlon So Lhls process conLlnues
for Lhe whole perlod of 8rahmas llfe span le 100 years 8hlsma requesLed Sage ulasLya Lo
descrlbe how Lord 8rahma creaLed llfe ln Lhe beglnnlng of Lhe presenL kalpa
ulasLya replled AL Lhe end of Lhe prevlous kalpa when Lord 8rahma awakened from hls sleep
he found Lhe whole earLh submerged ln waLer Pe medlLaLed on Lord vlshnu who Look Lhe
lncarnaLlon of varaha and reLrleved Lhe earLh and esLabllshed lL ln lLs orlglnal poslLlon Lord
8rahma Lhen creaLed all Lhe four worlds8hurloka 8huvarloka Swargloka and Maharloka and
dlvlded Lhe earLh lnLo seven lslands
llrsL of all Lord 8rahma creaLed Lhe MahaLLaLva AfLer LhaL he creaLed Lhe 1anmaLras lndrlyas
(senseorgans) Lhe lmmovable Lhlngs llke mounLalns rlvers anlmals delLles demons human
belngs eLc
1PL lCu8 8CMlnLn1 CAS1LS
Cn belng asked by 8hlshma abouL Lhe orlgln of Lhe four promlnenL casLes Sage ulasLya sald
Lord 8rahma creaLed Lhe 8rahmlns and Lhe kshaLrlyas from hls mouLh and chesL respecLlvely
Slmllarly valshyas and Shudras manlfesLed from Lord 8rahmas Lhlgh and feeL
respecLlvelyLord 8rahma had creaLed hls manaspuLras wlLh Lhe ob[ecLlve of lncreaslng Lhe
populaLlon and Lhelr names were 8hrlgu ulah kraLu Anglra Marlchl uaksha ALrl and
vashlshLha 8uL all of Lhem were free from worldly deslres and exLremely vlrLuous Seelng hls efforL go
ln valn Lord 8rahma became furlous as a resulL of whlch 8udra manlfesLed from hls
forehead Palf of 8udras body resembled llke a male whlle Lhe remalnlng half appeared llke a
female Lord 8rahma lnsLrucLed 8udra Lo deLach Lhe female form from hls body and commence
copulaLlve creaLlon lollowlng hls advlce 8udra deLached Lhe female parL of hls body and
creaLed eleven male enLlLles Slmllarly he creaLed varlous female enLlLles from Lhe female parL of
hls body
1hls way Lhe flrsL human palr Manu and ShaLarupa came lnLo exlsLence ln course of Llme four
chlldren were born Lo LhemrlyavraLa uLLanpad rasuLl and AkuLl rasuLl was marrled Lo
uaksha ra[paLl whlle AkuLl became Lhe wlfe of 8uchl ra[apaLl rasuLl gave blrLh Lo 24
daughLers Shradha Lakshml uhrlLl ushLl 1ushLl Medha krlya 8uddhl La[[a vapu
ShanLl keerLl khyaLl SaLl SambhuLl SmrlLl reeLl kshama SanLaLl Ansuya ur[a Swaha and
Swadha CuL of Lhem Lhe former LhlrLeen were Lhe wlves of uharma and Lhe resL were marrled Lo
varlous sages llke 8hrlgu Shlva Marlchl Anglra myself (ulasLya) ulaha kraLu ALrl
vashlshLha Agnl eLc Shradha gave blrLh Lo kam Lakshml Lo uarpa uhrlLl Lo nlyam 1ushLl
Lo SanLosh ushLl Lo Lobha Medha Lo ShruL krlya Lo uand nay and vlnay 8uddhl Lo 8odh
La[[a Lo vlnay vapu Lo vyavasay ShanLl Lo kshama Slddhl Lo Sukh and keerLl gave blrLh Lo
?ash All of Lhem were Lhe sons of uharma
kam had a son named Parsh from hls wlfe nandl 8hrlgus wlfe khyaLl gave blrLh Lo a daughLer
named LakshmlLhe consorL of Lord vlshnu Lord 8udra accepLed SaLlLhe daughLer of uaksha
ra[apaLl as hls wlfe Plnsa was Lhe wlfe of Adharm and gave blrLh Lo AnrlL and nlkrlLl AnrlL
had Lwo sonsMaya and narak whlle nlkrlLl had Lwo daughLersMaya and vedana Maya
marrled Maya whlle vedana became Lhe wlfe of narak Maya had a son named MrlLyuLhe lord
of deaLh and vedana gave blrLh Lo uukh llve chlldren were born Lo MrlLyuvyadhl !ara Shok
1rlshna and krodha All of Lhem were cellbaLes and had no progeny
1PL MAnllLS1A1lCn Cl CCuuLSS LAkSPMl
8hlsma expressed hls deslre Lo know abouL Lhe manlfesLaLlon of goddess Lakshml
ulasLya replled Cnce afLer belng defeaLed by Lhe demons Lhe delLles wenL Lo Lord vlshnu and
soughL hls help Lord vlshnu lnsLrucLed Lhem Lo collecL all Lhe medlclnal herbs and puL Lhem ln
Lhe ksheersagar so LhaL afLer Lhe churnlng of Lhe ocean ambrosla could be reLrlevedLord vlshnu
also advlsed Lhem Lo use Lhe Mandar mounLaln as a Churner and Lhe serpenLSheshnag as a rope
for churnlng Lhe ocean1he delLles Lhen reached an agreemenL wlLh Lhe demons accordlng Lo
whlch boLh Lhe groups were supposed Lo unlLedly churn Lhe ocean 1he greaL Mandar mounLaln
was uprooLed and placed on Lhe back of Lhe LorLolseLhe embodlmenL of Lord vlshnu Sheshnag
colled around LhaL mounLaln and boLh Lhe ends were held by Lhe demons and Lhe delLles
respecLlvely 1he delLles lnLelllgenLly chose Lhe Lallend whlle Lhe demons ln Lhelr foollshness
chose Lhe mouLhend 1he venom spllled by Sheshnag desLroyed Lhe power and sLrengLh off Lhe
demons When Lhe process of Churnlng began Lhe flrsL Lhlng Lo emerge from Lhe seabed was
kamdhenuLhe holy cow 1he delLles clalmed Lhe ownershlp of Lhls dlvlne cow SubsequenLly
varunl (lnLoxlcaLlng drlnk) emerged from Lhe seabed whlch was clalmed by Lhe lgnoranL
demons uurlng Lhe process of oceanchurnlng varlous klnds of Lhlngs emerged ouL from Lhe
oceanarl[aL slxLy crore apsaras Lhe moon and kalkuL (polson) whlch were dlsLrlbuLed among Lhe
demons and Lhe delLles Lord Mahadeva drank Lhe kalkuL when he saw LhaL Lhere was no
Laker for lL
1he churnlng of ocean also resulLed lnLo Lhe manlfesLaLlon of ambroslapoL uchchalshrava
(horse) and AlravaL (elephanL) ulLlmaLely goddess Lakshml manlfesLed herself seaLed on a
loLus 1he delLles euloglsed her by chanLlng Lhe manLras of Srl SukLa 1he delLles were deslrous
of havlng goddess Lakshml on Lhelr slde so were Lhe demons buL Lord 8rahma lnsLrucLed
vlshnu Lo accepL her as hls consorL 1he demons became furlous and snaLched Lhe ambroslapoL
from Lhe hands of Sage uhanvanLarl Lord vlshnu Lhen dlsgulsed hlmself as Lhe mosL enchanLlng
woman and fooled Lhe demons lnLo glvlng back Lhe ambroslapoL Lord vlshnu gave Lhe poL Lo
Lhe delLles who became lmmorLal afLer drlnklng ambrosla A Lremendous baLLle was foughL
beLween Lhe demons and Lhe delLles 8uL Lhe demons were defeaLed ln Lhls baLLle and fled Lo Lhe
neLherworld Lo proLecL Lhelr llves 1he delLles euloglsed Lord vlshnu and reLurned Lo heaven
SA1l ClvLS u PL8 LllL
Cn belng enqulred by 8hlsma abouL Lhe reason why SaLl gave up her llfe Sage ulasLya narraLed
Lhe followlng Lale
Cnce uaksha ra[apaLl had organlsed a grand yagya ln whlch he had lnvlLed everybody excepL
Lord Shlva 1hls ?agya was preslded over by four promlnenL sagesvashlshLha Anglka
8rlhaspaLl and narada SaLl wenL Lo aLLend Lhe yagya desplLe Lord Shlvas relucLance Lo send her
AfLer reachlng Lhere she asked uaksha abouL Lhe reason why he had noL lnvlLed Lord Shlva
uaksha sald?our husband ls unworLhy of belng ln Lhe company of oLher delLles because of
hls abhorrenL appearance Pe smears ashes on hls body and wanders Lhrough Lhe cremaLlon
grounds ln Lhe name of cloLhes your husband puLs on Llgers skln A garland of skulls keep on
hanglng down hls neck All specles of serpenLs coll around hls body uo you Lhlnk he ls ellglble
Lo slL ln Lhe company of Lhe delLles? ?our husband had broughL greaL shame on me and Lhls ls Lhe
reason why l dld noL lnvlLe hlm
SaLl could no more llsLen Lo her husbands crlLlclsm and gave up her llfe by [umplng lnLo Lhe
oblaLlonflreWhen Lhe news of SaLls deaLh reached Lord Shlva he became exLremely furlous
and senL hls ganas Lo avenge her deaLh 1he Canas wenL and creaLed havoc aL Lhe oblaLlonslLeAfLer Lhe
deaLh of SaLl Lord Shlva became a recluse and losL all lnLeresL ln hls llfe Pls mlnd
was preoccupled by noLhlng else buL Lhe LhoughLs of her belovedCne day Sage narada lnformed
Lord Shlva abouL SaLls reblrLh as Lhe daughLer of Plmvan and Mena Lord Shlva became
exLremely pleased by Lhls good news LvenLually he reunlLed wlLh her eLernal consorL arvaLl
1PL C8lCln Cl uLl1lLS uLMCnS and SL8Ln1S
8hlsma requesLed Sage ulasLya Lo explaln how dlfferenL enLlLles llke Lhe delLles demons and
serpenLs came lnLo belng ulasLya replledPavlng falled ln hls repeaLed aLLempLs of lncreaslng
populaLlon by Lhe means
of sankalpa uaksha ra[apaLl was lefL wlLh no opLlon buL Lo Lake Lhe help of copulaLlve creaLlon
Pe begoL slxLy daughLers from hls wlfe named vlrlnl ln course of Llme Len of Lhem were marrled
Lo uharma whose names wereArundhaLl vasu !aml Lamba 8hanu MaruLvaLl Sankalpa
MuhurLa Sadhya and vlshwavlshwa gave blrLh Lo vlshwadeva whlle Sadhya was Lhe moLher
of Sadhya MaruLvaLl gave blrLh Lo MaruLvan vasu had elghL sons who became famous as Lhe
vasusyourself (8hlsma) uhruva Soma uhar Anll Anal raLyush and rabhas 8hanu had a
son by Lhe same name le 8hanu MahurLa begoL delLles who were Lhe lords of ausplclous
momenLs Lamba gave blrLh Lo Chosh whlle !aml had a daughLer named nagvlLhl ArundhaLl
became Lhe moLher of all Lhe creaLures of Lhls world As far as Lhe offsprlng of elghL vasus are
concerned you (8hlsma) have four sonsShanL valLand Samb and Munlbabhru uhruva had a
son named kal Whlle Soma was Lhe faLher of varcha uhar had Lwo sonsuravln and
Pavyavah Anll had Lhree sons ran 8aman and Shlshlr Anal also had Lhree sonsShakh
upshakh and nalgameya raLyush had a son named ueval who laLer on became a famous sage
rabhas was Lhe faLher of ra[apaLl vlshwakarmaLhe archlLecL of Lhe delLles
1he names of Lhe eleven 8udras areA[alkpad Ahlrbudhnya vlrupaksh 8alvaL Par
8ahuroop 1rayambak SavlLra !ayanL lnakl and Apara[lL All of Lhem are sald Lo be Lhe lords
of Lhe Canas and have all LogeLher 84 crore progenles known as Lhe 8udraganas
Sage kashyapa had LhlrLeen wlvesAdlLl ulLl uanu ArlshLa Sursa Surabhl vlnLa 1amra
krodhvasha lra kadru khasa and Munl kashyapa had Lwo sons from ulLlPlranyakashlpu
and Plranyaksha Plranyakashlpu had four sonsrahlada Anuhlad Sanhlad and Plad
rahlada also had four sonsCne of Lhem was vlrochan vlrochan was Lhe faLher of 8all
8anasur who had one Lhousand arms was Lhe eldesL son of 8allPlranyaksha had four sons who
Lhemselves had 27 crore sons and grandsons ln all kashyapa had begoLLen one hundred sons
from uanu among whom vlprachlLLl was Lhe mosL powerfulvlprachlLLl had fourLeen sons from
SlnhlkaSalnhlkeya (8ahu) kansa Shankh nala vaLapl llwal namuchl khasrlma An[an
narak kalnabh armanu kalpavlrya and uhanuvanshavlvardhan
kashyapa also had slx daughLers from 1amraShukl Shyenl 8hasl Crldhl Sugrldhl and
Shuchl All slx of Lhem gave blrLh Lo varlous specles of blrds Shukl was Lhe moLher of arroLs
and Cwls Shyenl gave blrLh Lo hawks whlle 8hasl was Lhe moLher of ospreys (a large flsh eaLlng
blrds) Crldhl gave blrLh Lo vulLures and Sugrldhl was Lhe moLher of plgeons Shuchl was Lhe
moLher of cranes Swans and oLher slmllar aquaLlc blrds vlnlLa was Lhe moLher of Caruda and
ArunSupreme among blrds Arun was Lhe faLher of SampaLl and !aLayu Sursa was Lhe moLher
of Lhe serpenLs and had glven blrLh Lo one Lhousand snakes Slmllarly kadru gave blrLh Lo one
Lhousand cobrasSurabhl one of Lhe LhlrLeen wlves of kashyapa had glven blrLh Lo cows
buffaloes as well as beauLlful women Munl was Lhe moLher of Lhe celesLlal damsels apsaras
ArlshLa gave blrLh Lo klnnars and Candharvas lra was Lhe moLher of varlous vegeLaLlon llke
grass Lrees creepers and bushes khasa gave blrLh Lo crore of 8akshashas (monsLers) and
?akshaskashyapa had also begoLLen forLynlne Marudganas from ulLl
1PL C8lCln Cl MA8uuCAnAS
8hlsma requesLed Sage ulasLya Lo descrlbe how all Lhe Marudganas came lnLo exlsLenceulasLya
replled All Lhe sons and grandsons of ulLl had perlshed ln Lhe baLLle foughL beLween
Lhe delLles and demons ulLlLhe moLher of dalLyas (demons) wanLed Lo Lake revenge so she
sLarLed dolng a penance aL Lhe bank of rlver SaraswaLl whlch lasLed for 100 years8elng pleased
by her ausLere penance Sage kashyapa arrlved and expressed hls deslre Lo bless her wlLh a boon
ulLl wanLed a mlghLy son who could klll lndra Sage kashyapa Lhen lmplanLed hls sperms ln
ulLls womb and lnsLrucLed her Lo remaln Lhere (where she had been dolng penance) for 100
years Pe also lnsLrucLed her on varlous dos and donLs whlch a pregnanL woman ls expecLed Lo
observe ulLl agreed Lo follow hls lnsLrucLlonsMean whlle lndra goL wlnd of her pregnancy and
became scared Pe wanLed Lo desLroy Lhe foeLus aL any cosL so he arrlved aL Lhe place where ulLl
was sLaylng Pe had dlsgulsed hlmself Lo avold belng recognlzed by ulLl Pe engaged hlmself ln
her servlLude walLlng for an opporLune momenL Lo desLroy Lhe foeLus
1hls way nlneLynlne years had passed and only Lhree days were remalnlng afLer whlch ulLl was
expecLed Lo glve blrLh Lo a son As Lhe lnevlLable day approached nearer lndra sLarLed becomlng
resLless Cne day ulLl was very Llred and fell down asleep Per halr was unLled and her head had
sLooped down whlle she was sleeplng [usL opposlLe Lo Lhe lnsLrucLlons kashyapa had glven Lo
her llndlng Lhe momenL opporLune lndra enLered lnLo ulLls womb and cuL Lhe foeLus lnLo seven
pleces wlLh hls va[ra 1he seven fragmenLs of foeLus lnsLanLaneously goL Lransformed lnLo seven
lnfanLs and sLarLed walllng lndra became furlous and once agaln he aLLacked Lhem wlLh hls va[ra
and severed Lhem lnLo seven pleces each 8uL Lo lndras sheer amazemenL Lhere were 49 lnfanLs
all walllng loudly Pe Lrled Lo sLop Lhem from crylng by shouLlng Marud (donL cry) buL Lo no
avall
lndra reallzed LhaL Lhe lnfanLs had aLLalned lmmorLallLy on accounL of Lhe ournamasl vraLa
whlch ulLl had devouLly observed durlng Lhe course of her penance lndra named Lhe lnfanLs as
Marudganas and blessed Lhem Pe Lhen begged for ulLls forglveness and Look her along wlLh Lhe
Marudganas Lo heaven 1he Marudganas desplLe belng born ln Lhe clans of demons never
assoclaLed wlLh Lhem and hence were revered even by Lhe delLles8hlsma expressed hls curloslLy
Lo know abouL Lhe deLalled descrlpLlon of all Lhe fourLeen manvanLars ulasLya sald1he flrsL
manvanLar was called Swayambhuva named afLer Swayambhuva Manu ?amya was Lhe
promlnenL delLy of Lhls manvanLar Marlchl and oLher slx promlnenL sages were Lhe SapLarlshls of
Lhls manvanLar Swayambhuva Manu had Len sonsAghnlgha Agnlbahu vlbhu Savan
!yoLlshman uyuLlman Pavya Medha MedhaLlLhl and vasu
1he second manvanLar was named afLer Swarochlsh Manu Swarochlsh Manu had four sons
nabh nabhasya rasrlLl and 8havan 1ushlL was Lhe promlnenL delLy of Lhls second manvanLar
uaLLaLreya ALrl Chyavan SLanba ran kashyapa and 8rlhaspaLl were Lhe sapLarlshls of Lhls
manvanLar
1he Lhlrd manvanLar was called AuLam and derlved lLs name from AuLaml Manu who had Len
sonslsha ur[ 1anu[ Shuchl Shukra Madhu Madhav nabhasya nabh and Saha
8hanusangyak was Lhe promlnenL delLy of Lhls manvanLar Sage ur[ and oLher slx sages were Lhe
sapLarlshls Lhen
1he fourLh manvanLar was called 1amasnamed afLer 1amas Manu who also had Len sons llke
hls predecessor 1he names of hls sons wereAkalmash 1apodhanva 1apomool 1apodhan 1aporashl
1apasya SuLapasya aranLap 1apobhagl and 1apoyogl kavl rlLhu Agnl Akapl
kapl !anya and uhama were Lhe SapLarlshls of Lhls manvanLar whlle Sadhyagana was Lhe
promlnenL delLy
1he flfLh manvanLar was called 8alvaLnamed afLer 8alvaL Manu who had Len sons as well
varuna 1aLvadarshl chlLlman Pavyap kavl MukL nlruLsuk SaLva vlmoh and rakashak
8huLra[a and rakrlLl were Lhe Lwo promlnenL delLles of Lhls manvanLar and Lhe names of Lhe
sapLarlshls wereuevabahu Subahu ar[anya Somap Munl Plranyaroma and SapLashva
nexL arrlved Lhe slxLh manvanLarChakshush 1hls ManvanLar derlved lLs name from
Chakshush Manu who had Len sons and among whom 8uru was Lhe mosL promlnenL one Lekh
8lbhu rlLhagbhooL varlmool and ulvau were Lhe promlnenL delLles of Lhls manvanLar 1he
names of SapLarlshls were8hrlgu Sudhama vlra[ vlshnu narada vlvaswan and Abhlmanl
1he presenL manvanLar whlch ls Lhe sevenLh ln order ls called valvaswaL 1he SapLarlshls of Lhls
manvanLar areALrl vashlshLha kashyapa CauLam yogl 8hardwa[ vlshwamlLra and
!amdagnl
1he elghLh manvanLar wlll be called Savarnya and wlll be named afLer Savarnl Manu Savarnl
Manu wlll have Len sonsuhrlLl varlyan ?avasu Suvarna uhrlshLl Charlshnu Adya SumaLl
vasu and Shukra 1he SapLarlshls of Lhls manvanLar wlll beAshwaLLhama 8lshyaSrlnga
kaushlkya Calav ShaLanand kashyap and arashurama
1he nlnLh manvanLar wlll be named afLer 8uchlManu and wlll be called 8auchya manvanLar
8uchl Manu wlll have a son named 8auchya
1he LenLh manvanLar wlll be called 8hauLya and wlll derlve lLs name from 8hauLya Manuson of
8huLl
1he elevenLh LwelfLh LhlrLeenLh and fourLeenLh manvanLars wlll be named afLer Merusavarnl
8lbhu veeLdhama and vlshkvasen Manus respecLlvely All Lhese fourLeen Manus successlvely
rule Lhls world for Lhe LoLal perlod of 1000 ChaLuryugas AL Lhe end of kalpa each of Lhem unlLe
wlLh Lord 8rahma
klnC 8l1Pu Anu 1PL Su8?A u?nAS1?
8hlsma enqulred Sage ulasLya abouL Lhe mlghLy klng rlLhu upon whom Lhe earLh was named
as rlLhvl
Sage ulasLya replledAngara[apaLl was Lhe descendanL of Swayambhuva Manu and SunlLha
was hls wlfe ln course of Llme SunlLha gave blrLh Lo a son who was named vena AfLer growlng
up vena Lurned ouL Lo be an exLremely lrrellglous person and used Lo spend hls Llme commlLLlng
all sorLs of lmmoral deeds 1he sages Lrled Lo brlng hlm Lo Lhe vlrLuous paLh buL Lo no avall 1hey
became furlous and cursed vena as Lhe resulL of whlch he dled 1he sages Lhen churned hls dead
body whlch resulLed lnLo Lhe manlfesLaLlon of a mean casLe called Mlechchha 1hey kepL on
churnlng hls body and ln Lhe process an exLremely vlrLuous enLlLy manlfesLed from Lhe rlghL hand of
vena Pe held varlous weapons llke mace bow and arrows ln hls hands Pe was none
oLher Lhan rlLhu Lhe embodlmenL of Lord vlshnu
AfLer belng crowned as a klng rlLhu was saddened Lo see Lhe prevalence of lmmorallLy
LhroughouL Lhe lengLh and breadLh of earLh 1he lack of vlrLuoslLy and rellglousness among Lhe
lnhablLanLs of earLh made hlm exLremely furlous Pe declded Lo desLroy Lhe earLh 1he earLh
became scared and fled ln Lhe gulse of a cow rlLhu chased her wherever she wenL AL lasL Lhe
cow halLed aL a place as she had goL Llred 1o save her llfe Lhe cow agreed Lo fulflll all Lhe deslres
of rlLhu rlLhu Lhen mllked Lhe cow whlch laLer on goL Lransformed lnLo cereals Slmllarly all
Lhe delLles ancesLors and oLher humanbelngs mllked Lhe cow and recelved numerous lnvaluable
Lhlngs
rlLhu was a [usL klng eace and prosperlLy prevalled durlng hls relgn eople were rellglous and
free from any klnd of sorrow 1he earLh ls named afLer hlm as rlLhvlSage ulasLya Lhen wenL on
Lo glve a deLalled descrlpLlon of Surya dynasLyvlvaswan (Surya) had Lhree queensSangya
8agyl and rabha 8agyl had a son named 8alvaL whlle Somgya was Lhe moLher of valvaswaL
Manu ?ama and ?amuna Cnce Sangya belng unable Lo bear Lhe exLreme radlance of Surya
creaLed a superflclal enLlLy from her body and lnsLrucLed her Lo acL as Suryas wlfe ln her absence
1he name of Lhls superflclal woman was chhaya who had Lwo sons and Lwo daughLers from
Surya 1he names of her sons were SavarnaManu and Shanalshchar whlle Lhe names of her
daughLers were 1apLl and vlshLl
Shanalshchar became lmmorLal as a planeL whlle ?amuna and 1apLl became rlvers valvaswaL
Manu had Len sons among whom lla was Lhe eldesL AfLer appolnLlng lla as hls successor
valvaswaL manu wenL Lo do penanceCnce lla Lransformed lnLo a woman afLer Lresspasslng a
foresL where Lord Shlva and arvaLl were en[oylng prlvacy lL was Lord Shlvas curse LhaL any
male who venLured ln Lo LhaL forbldden foresL would become a woman LaLer on 8uddh became
enchanLed by llas beauLy and marrled her
Meanwhlle when lla dld noL reLurn Lo hls klngdom hls broLher lkshvaku wenL ln search of hlm
lkshvaku reached Lhe ouLsklrLs of Lhe same foresL buL dld noL enLer lL Pe managed Lo please
Shlva by hls devoLlon When Lord Shlva appeared lkshvaku requesLed hlm Lo make lla a man
once agaln Shlva Lold hlm LhaL lL was lmposslble buL assured hlm by saylng lf you perform an
Ashwamedha ?agya and donaLe all Lhe vlrLue Lhus acqulred Lo me Lhen your broLher wlll be able
Lo llve as a man for one monLh 8uL afLer one monLh he wlll agaln become a woman 1hus hls
form wlll keep on changlng every alLernaLe monLhs
Meanwhlle lla gave blrLh Lo four sons among whom uLkal Caya and ParlLashwa were
promlnenL 1hls way lla became Lhe source from whlch Lhe llneage of chandra sprouLed
lkshvaku ruled over Madhyadesh Pe had one hundred sons all of whom ruled Lhe LerrlLorles
slLuaLed norLh of Meru MounLaln lkshvaku also had one hundred and fourLeen more sons who
ruled over Lhe areas slLuaLed souLh of Meru kakusLLha was lkshvakus grandson kakusLLha had
a son named Suyodhan Some oLher promlnenL klngs comlng from Lhls llneage wererlLhu
vrlhadashwa kuwalashva urukuLsu uharmaseLu Muchukund 1rldhanva 1raldharun
SaLyavraL and SaLyaraLh 1he mosL LruLhful klng Parlshchandra was SaLyaraLhs son and 8ohlL was hls
son lamous klngs
llke 8aghu ulllp A[a ulrghabahu and ra[apaLl uasharaLh were Lhe descendanLs of lkshvaku
uasharaLh had four sons among whom Srl 8ama was Lhe eldesL and who had kllled Lhe demon
klng 8avana 8ama had Lwo sonsLav and kush
8ASPkALl1PL uLMCn klnC
8hlsma requesLed Sage ulasLya Lo reveal Why Lord vlshnu had Lo Lake lncarnaLlon as vamana
Sage ulasLya replled Cnce durlng SaLya ?uga Lhe demons had defeaLed Lhe delLles and
drlven Lhem ouL from Lhelr abodeheaven 1he mlghLy demon 8ashkall was Lhelr leader Pe had
become lmmorLal an accounL of a boon recelved from Lord 8rahma lndra wenL Lo Lord 8rahma
and narraLed Lhe aweful Lale of Lhe delLles Lord 8rahma assured hlm LhaL Lord vlshnu would
cerLalnly help ln Lhls maLLer Lord 8rahma conLemplaLed on Lord vlshnu who appeared ln a very
shorL Llme
When Lord vlshnu came Lo know abouL Lhe delLless plLlable condlLlon he promlsed Lhem LhaL
very soon 8ashkalls wlngs would be cllpped
Lord vlshnu saldvery soon l wlll Lake lncarnaLlon as vamana lndra wlll have Lo come along
wlLh me and demand a plece of land measured by my Lhree sLeps l shall Lhen reveal my glanL
form and send hlm Lo Lhe aLal loka afLer maklng hlm berefL of hls klngdom ln course of Llme
Lord vlshnu manlfesLed as vamana from AdlLls womb Pls manlfesLaLlon was slmulLaneously
marked by varlous ausplclous slgnsLhe alr became full of fragrance Lhe delLles sLarLed
re[olclng Lhe Lrees sLarLed sheddlng flowers on Lhelr own and all Lhe deslres of llvlng belngs were
fulfllled
Lord vamana Lhen wenL Lo 8ashkalls palace accompanled by lndra 8oLh of Lhem marvelled aL
Lhe grandness of 8ashkalls clLy whlch was surrounded by a hlgh boundarywall8ashkall was a
very vlrLuous and benevolenL klng Pe was LruLhful and well versed ln all Lhe scrlpLure Pls
sub[ecL llved ln prosperlLy and en[oyed a long llfe When Lhe demons saw lndra comlng wlLh a
dwarf Lhey lnformed 8ashkall 8ashkall lnsLrucLed Lhe demons Lo brlng boLh Lhe guesLs wlLh due
respecL
8ashkall LreaLed hls guesLs wlLh all honor and asked lndra abouL Lhe reason for hls sudden arrlval
lndra pralsed 8ashkalls benevolence and sald1he shorL brahmln accompanylng me ls
deslrous of a plece of land measured by hls Lhree sLeps 8ashkall was amused aL Lhls rldlculous
demand and requesLed vamana Lo ask for anyLhlng he wlshed 8uL vamana wanLed noLhlng
more Lhan a small plece of land measured by hls Lhree sLeps
Shukracharya (8ashkalls guru) smelled someLhlng flshy and warned hlm buL he was noL Lo
llsLen 8ashkall Lhen requesLed vamana Lo go ahead and measure Lhe land by hls Lhree
sLepsSuddenly Lord vamana Lransformed hls physlque lnLo a glanL slze Pls flrsL sLep reached
Lhe Suryaloka and hls second sLep Louched Lhe uhruvaloka Pe hlL Lhe Lop of Lhe unlverse wlLh
hls Lhlrd sLep as a resulL of whlch waLer poured down 1he waLer goL collecLed and came Lo be
known as valshnavl rlver 8uL Lhe land had sLlll noL been measured and hence Lord vamana remlnded
8ashkall of hls vow and ulLlmaLely Lhe helpless 8ashkall surrendered Lo Lhe wlll of
Lord vamana and soughL hls refuge Lord vamana blessed hlm and senL hlm Lo aLalloka
S8l 8AMA klLLS SPAM8uk
AfLer kllllng Lhe demons klng 8avana Srl 8ama reLurned Lo Ayodhya Many sages had arrlved
Lhere Lo bless hlm on Lhe occaslon of hls crownlng ceremony Sage vashlshLha was one of
LhemAs Srl 8ama was converslng wlLh Lhe sages a brahmln arrlved Lhere wlLh Lhe corpse of hls
son and walledC son! ?our deaLh ls cerLalnly due Lo some flaw of Srl 8ama now your
moLher and l have declded Lo glve up our llves as Lhere ls no polnL ln llvlng
Srl 8amas hearL was fllled wlLh grlef and he asked Sage vashlshLha as Lo how Lhe brahmln could
be helped Sage vashlshLha revealed Lo Srl 8ama LhaL Lhe brahmlns son had dled a premaLure
deaLh because of Shambuk vashlshLha saldShambuk ls a Shudra by blrLh buL he ls dolng an
ausLere penance Shudras are noL enLlLled Lo do penance ln all Lhe Lhree yugas excepL Lhe kall
?uga So only hls deaLh can brlng back Lhe brahmlns son allve
Srl 8ama lnsLrucLed boLh hls younger broLhersLakshman and 8haraLa Lo look afLer Lhe sLaLes
affalrs ln hls absence and wenL ln search of Shambuk boarded on hls ushpak vlmana Srl 8ama
saw a man dolng penance aL Lhe shore of a reservolr Pe landed hls ushpak vlmana and wenL
near LhaL man Pe lnLroduced hlmself and enqulred abouL Lhe mans ldenLlLy Srl 8ama asked
Why are you dolng such an ausLere penance Who are you?
WlLhouL movlng Lhe man replled LhaL he was a shudra named Shambuk Pe sald l am deslrous
of aLLalnlng Lo devaloka and hence l am dolng Lhls penance Srl 8ama Look ouL hls sword and
severed Shambuks head All Lhe delLles halled Srl 8ama and Lhe brahmlns chlld became allve
once agaln
MAnllLS1A1lCn Cl CAnLSP Anu kA81lkL?A
Cnce before Laklng her baLh goddess arvaLl anolnLed unguenL on her body and whlle removlng
lL creaLed a human form from Lhe accumulaLed dross 1he head of Lhls human form resembled an
elephanL arvaLl Lhen playfully lmmersed Lhe humanform lnLo rlver Canga 8uL Lo her sheer
amazemenL Lhe human form became allve and of enormous slze She accepLed hlm as her son and
he was none oLher Lhan elephanLheaded delLy Canesh
Cnce Lord Shlva became so deeply fasclnaLed by her consorL arvaLl haL he dld noL come ouL
from hls palace for 1000 years 1he delLles became worrled and senL Agnl Lo flnd ouL Lhe reason
Agnl dlsgulsed hlmself as a parroL and enLered Lhe palace where Shlva was en[oylng prlvacy wlLh
arvaLl
Meanwhlle arvaLl wenL aL Lhe bank of a reservolr Lo quench her LhlrsL AfLer reachlng Lhere she
saw slx dlvlne women (maLrlkas) carrylng waLer ln Lhe leaves of loLus flowers As arvaLl was
LhlrsLy she requesLed Lhem Lo glve some waLer 1he maLrlkas agreed on Lhe condlLlon LhaL a son born Lo
her (arvaLl) should also have Lo be accepLed as Lhelr son arvaLl gave her conscenL 1he
maLrlkas gave arvaLl waLer Lo drlnk
Pardly had arvaLl flnlshed drlnklng waLer Lhan a dlvlne chlld emerged ouL from her womb 1he
chlld possessed varlous weapons llke LrldenL shakLl and a noose ln hls hands Pe was none oLher
Lhan karLlkeya1he delLles appolnLed karLlkeya as Lhe commander of Lhelr army uurlng LhaL
Llme a mlghLy demon named 1arakasur used Lo LormenL Lhe delLles karLlkeya kllled LhaL demon
on Lhe requesL of delLles
An luLAL 88APMln Anu 1PL SlCnlllCAnCL Cl
CA?A18l MAn18A
uescrlblng abouL Lhe quallLles of an ldeal brahmln Sage ulasLya sald Cnce narada had asked
Lord 8rahma as Lo who was worLhy of recelvlng vlshnus blesslngs Lord 8rahma had Lold
narada LhaL Lord vlshnu showered hls blesslngs on Lhose who engaged Lhemselves ln Lhe servlce
of brahmlns A brahmln should be vlrLuous and well versed ln all Lhe scrlpLures A brahmln who
does noL observe Lhe rlLuals as menLloned ln Lhe vedas brlngs dlsgrace Lo hls ancesLors An ldeal
brahmln ls respecLful Lowards hls parenLs Leachers and LreaLs hls guesLs wlLh due honor Pe never
asplres for women oLher Lhan hls wlfe and chanLs Lhe sacred CayaLrl manLra everyday
Coddess CayaLrl ls sald Lo have manlfesLed ln Lhe llneage of Sankhyayan She ls of falr
complexlon and flre ls Lhe symbollcal expresslon of her mouLh Lord 8rahma dwells on her
forehead Lord vlshnu ln her hearL and Lord 8udra has hls abode ln her bralded halr 1he
CayaLrl manLra conslsLs of 24 leLLers and each of Lhem ls relaLed wlLh a speclflc delLy 1here ls a
menLlon of CayaLrl manLra whlch conslsLs of 18 leLLers lL beglns wlLh Lhe word agnl and ends
wlLh swaha 1he manLra ls as follows
CM ACnL8vAkunSl ?A!u8uLuln !uSP1A SCMAM l8A SWAPA
A person who chanLs Lhe manLra for 100 Llmes becomes llberaLed from gravesL of sln 1he
varlous delLles relaLed wlLh Lhe LwenLyfour leLLers of CayaLrl ManLra are as follows
1sL leLLer Agnl 2nd leLLer vayu 3rd leLLer Surya 4Lh leLLer Akash
3Lh leLLer ?amra[ 6Lh leLLer varuna 7Lh leLLer 8rlhaspaLl 8Lh leLLer ar[anya
9Lh leLLer lndra 10Lh leLLer Candharva 11Lh leLLer oosha 12Lh leLLer MlLra
13Lh leLLer 1washLa 14Lh leLLer vasu 13Lh leLLer Marudganas 16Lh leLLer Soma
17Lh leLLer Anglra 18Lh leLLer vlshwadeva 19Lh leLLer Ashwlns 20Lh leLLer ra[apaLl
21sL leLLer All delLles 22nd leLLer 8udra 23rd leLLer 8rahma 24Lh leLLer vlshnu A devoLee
should Lhen perform Lhe rlLual of nyas by menLally esLabllshlng dlfferenL words of Lhe
CayaLrl manLra ln Lhe varlous parLs of hls body as glven below
CM 8PuP ln Lhe hearL CM 8PuvAP ln Lhe head CM SWAP ln Lhe LopknoL CM
1A1SAvl1u8vA8Ln?AMln Lhe whole body CM 8PA8CCuLvAS?A uPlMAPl ln
boLh eyes CM uPl?C ?C nAP 8ACPCuA?A1 ln boLh hands
8egular chanLlng of CayaLrl manLra besLowes slmllar vlrLues aLLalned by Lhe sLudy of all Lhe four
vedas A brahmln who does noL know CayaLrl manLra ls consldered Lo be worse Lhan a shudra
Anybody who chanLs CayaLrl manLra aLLalns salvaLlon
88APMlnS LlvLLlPCCu
uescrlblng how a brahmln should earn hls llvellhood Lord 8rahma sald Lo naradaAlms whlch
a brahmln geLs wlLhouL maklng any demand for lL ls called vrlLLa unchhavrlLLl ls even beLLer
Lhan vrlLLl and lL means collecLlng foodgraln whlch are scaLLered ln places llke flelds granary
markeLplace eLc A brahmln should accepL Lhe uakshalna LhaL hls hosL glves hlm afLer Lhe
compleLlon of yagya ceremony Pe should engage hlmself ln educaLlonal acLlvlLles Pe can also
earn hls llvellhood by engaglng hlmself ln oLher ausplclous acLlvlLles
lf Lhe clrcumsLances do noL permlL a brahmln Lo earn hls llvellhood by any of Lhe above
menLloned means Lhen he may opL for Lhe occupaLlon of a kshaLrlya ln such a case he should
endeavor Lo have masLery boLh over Lhe vedas as well as dlfferenL weaponary 8aLLle should be
hls lasL opLlon When Lhe very exlsLence of rellglousness ls aL sLake he should wage a war agalnsL
lrrellglous people and Lo proLecL Lhe rellglon
ln an emergency slLuaLlon a brahmln can also choose Lhe occupaLlon of a valshya and earn hls
llvellhood by dolng buslness or agrlculLure 8uL whlle earnlng hls llvellhood by dolng
agrlculLure he should ln no clrcumsLances abandon hls own duLles (duLles of a brahmln) Pe
should be honesL whlle dolng buslness and never Lry Lo explolL Lhe cusLomers
nA8C11AM1PL 88APMln
uescrlblng abouL Lhe lmporLance of flve vlrLuous deeds ulasLya sald Lo 8hlsma1he flve
supreme vlrLuous deeds areobedlence Lo parenLs falLhfulness Lowards husband equanlmlLy noL
havlng enmlLy Lowards frlends and devoLlon Lowards Lord vlshnu 8y pleaslng hls faLher one
pleases all Lhe delLles MoLher ls superlor even Lo all Lhe places of pllgrlmage comblned LogeLher
ulasLya Lhen narraLed Lhe same Lale Lo 8hlsma whlch lord 8rahma had once Lold some
promlnenL sages
Cnce Lhere llved a famous 8rahmln called naroLLam Pe had acqulred dlvlne powers on accounL
of hls ausLere penance buL unforLunaLely he never LreaLed hls parenLs wlLh respecL AfLer Laklng
hls dally baLh naroLLam hanged hls weL cloLhes ln Lhe open sky wlLhouL any supporL and Lhey
used Lo dry wlLhouL falllng down on Lhe earLh 1hls speclal power had made hlm very arroganLCne day
a crane flylng ln Lhe sky passed dung on hls face whlch made hlm very
furlous naroLLam cursed Lhe crane as Lhe resulL of whlch lL was burnL Lo deaLh Pls speclal power
vanlshed due Lo Lhe sln acqulred by kllllng an lnnocenL blrd now no longer hls cloLhes remalned
ln suspended poslLlon ln Lhe sky
naroLLam became very sad Suddenly he heard a heavenly volce lnsLrucLlng hlm Lo see a
chandala named Mook Pls dlscourses would be beneflclal for you Sald Lhe heavenly volce
naroLLam wenL ln search of MookLhe chandal and found hlm ln Lhe servlLude of hls parenLs
Mook was a greaL devoLee of hls parenLs and hls LoLal devoLlon Lowards hls parenLs had blessed
hlm wlLh an exLraordlnary powerhls house used Lo hang ln Lhe alr wlLhouL any supporL naroLLam
was deeply amazed aL Lhls wonderful slghL Pe wanLed Lo know how Mook had acqulred such
dlvlne powers 8uL Mook requesLed hlm Lo walL whlch made naroLLam very angry Mook Lhen
Lold naroLLaml can Lalk Lo you only afLer aLLendlng Lo my parenLs l am noL LhaL crane whlch
was charred Lo deaLh by your curse lf you donL have Llme Lhen go and meeL LhaL falLhfulwlfe
She wlll answer your quesLlons
naroLLam dld noL know where LhaL falLhful wlfe llved so he sLood Lhere wonderlng whaL Lo do
nexL Suddenly Lord vlshnu emerged from Mooks house dlsgulsed as a brahmln Pe Look
naroLLam Lo Lhe falLhfulwlfes house All along Lhe way Lord vlshnu preached naroLLam on Lhe
quallLles of a chasLe woman As boLh of Lhem were abouL Lo reach LhaL chasLe womans house
lord vlshnu dlsappeared leavlng naroLLam all alone
naroLLam requesLed Lhe woman Lo enllghLen hlm on Lhe flner polnLs of vlrLuoslLy 8uL Lhe woman
was busy aLLendlng her husband and requesLed hlm Lo walL naroLLam LhreaLened Lo curse her Lo
whlch Lhe woman replledl am noL LhaL crane whom you had cursed lf you are ln a hurry Lhen
you can go and meeL uharm1uladhar Pe ls an honesL buslnessman and ls capable of
answerlng your querles
Lord vlshnu once agaln appeared from LhaL womans house dlsgulsed as a brahmln naroLLam
asked hlm as Lo how were boLh Mook and falLhful wlfe aware of Lhe lncldenL ln whlch Lhe crane
was charred Lo deaLh Lord vlshnu Lold hlm LhaL boLh of Lhem had acqulred Lhls speclal power by
Lhe vlrLue of Lhelr respecLlve rellglousness
Lord vlshnu and naroLLam proceeded Lowards Lhe place where uharmLuladhar dld hls buslness
LransacLlons As Lhey were abouL Lo reach Lhe place Lord vlshnu dlsappeared once agaln leavlng
naroLLam all alonenaroLLam saw uharmLuladhar busy ln hls deallngs wlLh LoLal honesLy Pe
requesLed hlm Lo reveal as Lo whaL made Lhe weL cloLhes Lo hang ln Lhe alr wlLhouL any supporL
uharmLuladhar requesLed hlm Lo walL buL naroLLam was ln a hurry Lo geL answer Lo hls quesLlons
uharmLuladhar Lold naroLLamlease walL for someLlme as l am busy dolng my buslness
LransacLlons lf you donL have Llme Lhen you can go and meeL Adrohak who ls fully capable of
glvlng answer Lo your quesLlons Lord vlshnu once agaln accompanled hlm dlsgulsed as a
brahmln
When boLh of Lhem were abouL Lo reach Lhe place where Adrohak used Lo llve lord vlshnu
dlsappeared and naroLLam was lefL all by hlmself once agaln naroLLam requesLed Adrohak Lo
preach on Lhe essence of rellglousness Adrohak was a man of lmpeccable conducL and had full conLrol
over Lhe sensual urges Pe advlsed naroLLam Lo meeL Lhe supreme devoLee of Lord
vlshnu who llved nearby Adrohak sald ?ou would geL answers Lo all your quesLlons Pe wlll
reveal Lo you Lhe reason LhaL made weL cloLhes Lo hang ln alr wlLhouL any supporL naroLLam Lhen
proceeded Lowards Lhe place where Lhe supreme devoLee of Lord vlshnu llved Lord vlshnu once
agaln accompanled hlm ln Lhe gulse of a brahmln AfLer reachlng Lhere naroLLam expressed hls
deslre of seelng Lord vlshnu 1he supreme devoLee Look hlm Lo a Lemple slLuaLed lnslde Lhe
housepremlse
naroLLam was amazed Lo see Lhe same brahmln who had been accompanylng hlm all along Lhe
way slLlng on a loLus flower Pe reallzed LhaL Lhe brahmln was lord vlshnu hlmself Lord vlshnu
blessed hlm and sald8e respecLful Lowards your parenLs lf you wanL Lo aLLaln Lo my abode l
dwell ln Lhe houses of people who are vlrLuous LruLhful possessed equanlmlLy and who have full
conLrol over Lhelr passlon 1hls ls why you found me presenL aL Lhe homes of chandal 1uladhar
and Adrohak naroLLam reallzed hls mlsLake and declded Lo be ln Lhe servlLude of hls parenLs for
Lhe resL of hls llfe
1PL SlCnlllCAnCL Cl 8uu8AkSPA AMLA Anu
1uLSl
Cnce whlle descrlblng abouL Lhe lmporLance of 8udraksha Lo Lhe sages vyasa sald Cne who
wears a 8udraksha rosary ls supreme among all human belngs 1he mere slghL of such a holy
man absolves people of Lhelr sln A 8udraksha bead bears feaLures of a Llnga and yonl on lLs
surface Cne should noL wear a rudraksha on whlch above menLloned feaLures are absenL
Slmllarly Lwo [olnL beads should never be worn All Lhe manLras become doubly powerful when
chanLed wlLh Lhe help of rudraksharosaryuurlng SaLya ?uga Lhere llved a mlghLy demon
named 1rlpurasur Pe had conquered Lhe delLles and was capable of movlng ln Lhe space 1he
delLles soughL help of Lord Shlva who kllled 1rlpurasur by Lhe slghL of hls Lhlrdeye ln Lhe
process few drops of sweaL emanaLlng from Shlvas body fell down on Lhe earLh 1hese sweaL
drops goL Lransformed lnLo a large 8udrakshaLree
Amla ls a very nuLrlLlous frulL and greaL rellglous slgnlflcance has been aLLached Lo lL Amla frulL
ls very dear Lo Lord vlshnu and lLs use on Lhe ausplclous day of Lkadashl brlngs unmaLched
vlrLue A person who regularly eaLs amla en[oys a long llfe1he followlng Lale adequaLely
descrlbes Lhe rellglous lmporLance of amla
Cnce upon a Llme a chandala wenL lnLo Lhe foresL for hunLlng Pe hunLed many deer and blrds
leellng hungry he saw an amla Lree and cllmbed up Lhe Lree 1hls way he saLlaLed hls hunger by
eaLlng sweeL amla frulLs unforLumaLely whlle he was cllmblng down Lhe Lree he fell down and
dledWhen Lhe aLLendanLs of ?amara[ arrlved Lo Lake back hls soul Lhey could noL do so even
afLer repeaLed aLLempLs 1he aLLendanLs of ?amara[ became very surprlsed and wenL Lo Lhe sages
for clarlflcaLlon 1he sages revealed Lo Lhe aLLendanLs LhaL Lhey could noL go near Lhe chandalas
dead body because he had eaLen amla [usL before hls deaLh Such ls Lhe glory of amla!
Cnce karLlkeya asked Lord Shlva abouL Lhe hollesL Lree whlch was capable of glvlng salvaLlon
Lord Shlva replled1he 1ulsl planL ls supreme among all Lhe vegeLaLlons She ls very dear Lo lord vlshnu
and fulfllls all Lhe deslres of a man Lord krlshna dwells near Lhe place where Lhere
ls a 1ulsl planL SplrlLs and ghosLs never dare Lo venLure near Lhe 1ulsl planL lf a man aLLaches a
1ulsl leaf Lo hls Shlkha aL Lhe Llme of hls deaLh he ls llberaLed from all hls slns Cne who
worshlps Lord vlshnu by offerlng 1ulslleaves aLLalns salvaLlon
1PL lMC81AnCL Cl Su8?AS WC8SPl
Cnce whlle descrlblng abouL Lhe lmporLance of Suryas worshlp Lo valshampayan Sage vyasa
narraLed Lhe followlng Lale
1here llved a klng named 8hadreshwar Pe ruled over Madhyadesh Cnce hls lefL hand was
lnfecLed wlLh leprosy 8hadreshwar fearlng Lhe prospecL of dreadful leprosy spreadlng Lo hls
whole body declded Lo end hls llfe Pe expressed hls deslre Lo Lhe headprlesL 1he headprlesL
cauLloned 8hadreshwar LhaL lf he wenL ahead wlLh hls declslon Lhen Lhe whole klngdom would
be desLroyed Pe sald ?ou wlll be cured of leprosy lf you worshlp Lord Surya
1he headprlesL Lhen Lold Lhe klng abouL Lhe approprlaLe rlLuals of Suryaworshlp klng
8hadreshwar began hls ausLerlLles and worshlpped Lord Surya by chanLlng manLras and offerlng
arLlcles llke nalvedya frulLs Ardhya AkshaL eLc Lo Lhe delLy klng 8hadreshwar was cured of
hls leprosy wlLhln a year by Lhe vlrLue of hls deep devoLlon Lowards Lord Surya
8PuMl kPAnu
ulllL8Ln1 1?LS Cl Sln Anu vl81uL
Cnce ?ayaLl requesLed MaLall Lo descrlbe Lhe varlous slnful and vlrLuous deeds whlch a man
normally commlLs ln hls llfe
MaLall replledCne who crlLlclzes Lhe vedas and follows Lhe rellglon of oLhers afLer
abandonlng hls own or LormenLs vlrLuous people ls a grave slnner Slmllarly noL respecLlng ones
parenLs noL glvlng uakshalna Lo a brahmln afLer Lhe compleLlon of a shradha ceremony
sLudylng Lhe scrlpLures ln an lmpure physlcal sLaLe are some oLher slnful deeds
Cne who obsLrucLs a hungry man from havlng hls food or LhlrsLy person from quenchlng hls
LhlrsL commlLs a sln slmllar Lo LhaL of kllllng a brahmln
MaLall descrlbed some oLher Lypes of slns
8ack blLlng seelng faulLs wlLh oLhers and demeanlng Lhelr efforLs acqulrlng oLhers land by
unfalr means kllllng lnnocenL anlmals havlng llllclL relaLlonshlp wlLh women oLher Lhan ones
wlfe Lelllng lles showlng dlsrespecL Lo Lhe guesLs eLc are consldered Lo be slnful deeds
uescrlblng abouL Lhe varlous Lypes of vlrLuous deeds MaLall sald nonvlolence forglveness
LruLhfulness devoLlon Lowards god benevolence absLlnence oblaLlon
and medlLaLlon are some of Lhe vlrLuous deeds uonaLlng foodgralns domesLlcaLed anlmals llke
horse cow eLc glvlng waLer Lo a LhlrsLy person are some oLher Lypes of vlrLuous deeds A person
who donaLes wooden sandals a needy brahmln aLLalns Lo Lhe heaven Worshlpplng Lord Shlva or
Lord vlshnu enables a man Lo aLLaln Lo Lhe Shlvaloka or vlshnuloka respecLlvely
klnC ?A?A1l 8CACA1LS vAlSPnAvAuPA8MA
klng ?ayaLl was Lhe son of nahush and a descendanL of SomadynasLy Pe was a greaL devoLee
of Lord vlshnu and had conLrlbuLed a loL ln Lhe propagaLlon of valshnavadharma ?ayaLl had
senL many emlssarles ln all dlrecLlons Lo propagaLe valshnavadharma uurlng ?ayaLls relgn hls
sub[ecL were prosperous and were free from any klnd of sorrow eace prevalled everywhere and
people dld noL experlence any naLural calamlLy llke draughL or famlne
klng ?ayaLl en[oyed an unbellevably long llfe of one lakh years Pe was blessed wlLh eLernal
youLh and hls appearance was enough Lo glve an lnferlorlLy complex Lo a young man All Lhls he
had aLLalned by Lhe vlrLue of hls supreme devoLlon Lowards Lord vlshnu lndra was very scared
of ?ayaLls lncreaslng popularlLy and feared LhaL lf hls vlrLuoslLy remalned lnLacL he would very
soon become Lhe ruler of heaven lndra lnsLrucLed kamadeva and 8aLl Lo flnd some means so LhaL
klng ?ayaLl could be enLlced by human weaknesses llke lusL and lnfaLuaLlon
kamadeva accompanled by oLher Candharvas wenL Lo ?ayaLls palace and soughL hls permlsslon
Lo sLage a play ?ayaLl gave hls permlsslon and Lhe play commenced 8aLl appeared on Lhe sLage
as a beauLlful woman and was successful ln corrupLlng Lhe LhoughLs of ?ayaLl ?ayaLl became so
enchanLed by 8aLls beauLy LhaL he losL hls senses and fell down unconsclous llndlng Lhe Llme
opporLune vrlddhavasLha (delLy of old age) and kamadeva enLered ?ayaLls body 1hls way Lhe
delLles were successful ln Lhelr deslgns and now Lhe slgns of oldage sLarLed Lo become evldenL ln
?ayaLl
?A?A1l MA88lLS ASP8u8lnuuMA1l
Cnce klng ?ayaLl wenL lnLo a foresL for hunLlng Pe saw a sLag whlch had four horns and chased
lL 1he deer led hlm deep lnLo Lhe foresL and Lhen dlsappeared ?ayaLl was Llred and LhlrsLy Pe
saw a lake and declded Lo quench hls LhlrsL llrsL of all he Look hls baLh and Lhen drank sweeL
waLer from Lhe lake As ?ayaLl was relaxlng aL Lhe bank of LhaL lake he heard a sweeL volce
slnglng a song ?ayaLl proceeded Lowards Lhe dlrecLlon from whlch Lhe sound was comlng Pe
saw a beauLlful woman slnglng a song Per companlon accompanled Lhe beauLlful woman
?ayaLl became enchanLed by Lhe dlvlne beauLy of LhaL woman and wanLed Lo marry her 1he
beauLlful womans companlon Lold ?ayaLl LhaL her frlend could marry hlm only afLer he shed Lhe
slgns of hls old age
1he beauLlful woman was AshrublndumaLlLhe daughLer of 8aLl vlshalaher companlon was Lhe
daughLer of varuna ?ayaLl reLurned Lo hls palace and requesLed hls Lwo sons1aru and ?adu Lo
exchange Lhelr youLh ln lleu of hls old age buL boLh of Lhem refused Lo obllge hlm ?ayaLl cursed
boLh of Lhem?ayaLl had a sonuru from hls wlfe named SharmlshLha When he made Lhe same
requesL Lo
uru he agreed wlLhouL any heslLaLlon ?ayaLl became pleased wlLh uru and appolnLed hlm as
hls successor
now ?ayaLl became young once agaln and wenL Lo meeL AshrublndumaLl 8uL
AshrublndumaLls frlend vlshala was sLlll noL convlnced and expressed apprehenslon LhaL her
frlend would never play second flddle Lo hls Lwo wlvesSharmlshLha and uevayanlklng ?ayaLl
belng bllnded by hls lusL assured vlshala LhaL AshrublndumaLl would en[oy Lhe supreme
auLhorlLy and she had noLhlng Lo fear Pe saldl promlse LhaL you wlll be my only wlfe and l
wlll have noLhlng Lo do wlLh my wlves
1hls way ?ayaLl marrled AshrublndumaLl and en[oyed a bllssful marrled llfe for LwenLyLhousand
years Cnce AshrublndumaLl expressed her deslre of vlslLlng all Lhe dlvlne placeslndraloka
8rahmaloka Shlvaloka and vlshnuloka ?ayaLl Look back hls old age from uru and reLurned hls
youLh Pe appolnLed uru as hls successor and lnsLrucLed hls sub[ecL Lo llve peacefully 8uL Lhe
people wanLed Lo be wlLh ?ayaLl so all of Lhem accompanled hlm Lo Lhe heaven ?ayaLl vlslLed
all Lhe dlvlne places and ulLlmaLely aLLalned Lo vlshnuloka
kun!AL1PL LnLlCP1LnLu A88C1
Cnce whlle descrlblng abouL Lhe lmporLance of a Leacher Lord vlshnu had narraLed Lhe
followlng Lale Lo klng vena Sage Chyavan came from Lhe llneage of 8hargav Cnce he
arrlved aL Cmkareshwar wlLh Lhe ob[ecLlve of acqulrlng knowledge Slnce he was Llred he
declded Lo Lake resL under Lhe shade of a 8anyan Lree A parroL named kun[al llved on LhaL Lree
1he parroL had four young onesu[[awal Samu[[wal vl[[wal and kapln[al kun[al was a very
learned parroL and had masLery over all Lhe scrlpLures Cnce u[[awal requesLed kun[al Lo glve
dlscourse on varlous aspecLs of rellglousness kun[al sald1he whole world ls full of sorrow A
man can be llberaLed from hls sorrow by Lhe means of salvaLlon because salvaLlon ls free from
sorrow SalvaLlon can be aLLalned wlLh Lhe help of absLlnence selfconLrol and havlng deep
devoLlon ln lord vlshnu 1he soul belng enllghLened ls also called aramaLma 8uL covered by
Lhe darkness of lgnorance lL becomes dlfflculL for Lhe soul Lo aLLaln salvaLlon A devoLee can
medlLaLe on boLh Lhe forms of Lord vlshnuSakar (wlLh form) and nlrakar (formless) 8uL
medlLaLlng on Lhe Sakar form ls easy for anybody Cn Lhe oLher hand only an enllghLened soul
can medlLaLe on Lhe nlrakar form of Lord vlshnu 1here are varlous ausLerlLles relaLed wlLh Lord
vlshnu and whlch lf observed by a devoLee pleases hlm!aya vl[aya !ayanLl van[ull
1llgandha 1rlhsprlsha Akshanda and Manoraksha All Lhese ausLerlLles are slmllar Lo dlfferenL
Lypes of Lkadashl or uwadashl vraLa Slmllarly Lwo oLher ausLerlLles namely Ashunyashayan
and !anmashLaml are capable of freelng a man from all hls sln A devoLee who chanLs ShaLnam
sLoLra aLLalns salvaLlon
kun!AL 8LACPLS vl!!WAL
uescrlblng Lhe vlrLue of benevolence Lo vl[[wal kun[alLhe learned parroL narraLed Lhe
followlng Lale Cnce Lhere llved a klng named Subahu who ruled over chola desha A learned brahmln
named
!almlnl used Lo counsel hlm on rellglous and splrlLual maLLers Cne day whlle !almlnl was glvlng
a dlscourse on Lhe vlrLue of benevolence Subahu requesLed hlm Lo descrlbe abouL Lhose deeds
LhaL enables a man elLher Lo aLLaln Lo Lhe heaven or Lo hell
!almlnl replled Cne who earns hls llvellhood by lmproper means deflnlLely goes Lo hell
Slmllarly aLhelsLs llcenLlous people proudy backblLers and ungraLeful people go Lo hell Loo
Cne who gobbles up oLhers wealLh by lllegal means or shows dlsrespecL Lo hls guesL goes Lo hell
Cne who ls a hablLual llar or one who kllls lnnocenL anlmals or one who has abandoned Lhe
rellglous paLh ls cerLaln Lo go Lo hellCne who ls LruLhful and engages hlmself ln varlous vlrLuous
deeds llke penance medlLaLlon sLudy of Lhe scrlpLures goes Lo Lhe heaven Cne who ls respecLful
Lowards hls elders and leads a vlrLuous llfe goes Lo Lhe heaven ln Lhe same manner he who ls
benevolenL and free from vlces llke [ealousy haLred eLc goes Lo Lhe heaven Slmllarly one who
leads hls llfe as per Lhe lnsLrucLlons glven ln Lhe scrlpLures or has full conLrol over hls sensual
deslres goes Lo Lhe heaven
klng Subahu was so lmpressed by !almlnls preachlng LhaL he declded Lo spend resL of hls llfe ln
Lhe servlce of lord Madhusudan Pe performed counLless oblaLlons as long as he was allve and
aLLalned Lo vlshnuloka afLer hls deaLh
kun!AL nA88A1LS A8Cu1 PlS 8LvlCuS 8l81P
Sage Chyavan who had been llsLenlng Lo Lhe narraLlon of kun[al was amazed by hls profound
knowledge Pe asked kun[alC greaL soul! Who are you? lrom where dld you acqulre such
dlvlne knowledge
kun[al who remembered everyLhlng abouL hls prevlous blrLh sald
ln my prevlous blrLh l was Lhe youngesL son of a brahmln named vldyadhar My name was
uharma Sharma Seelng my dlsllke for sLudy my faLher became worrled abouL my fuLure l used
Lo wasLe my Llme lolLerlng here and Lhere eople used Lo make fun of my sLupldlLy whlch made
me exLremely sad l declded Lo acqulre knowledge buL dld noL flnd anybody wllllng Lo Leach me
ln due course of Llme l became old buL was sLlll an ldloL Cne day l was slLLlng ln a Lemple
curslng my faLe Suddenly a sage arrlved Lhere and asked me as Lo whaL made me so sad l
narraLed my woeful Lale 1he sage felL plLy on my condlLlon and blessed me wlLh dlvlne
knowledge LhaL made me capable of havlng advance knowledge of all Lhe fuLure lncldenLs of Lhe
world Sage Chyavan was curlous Lo know abouL Lhe reason LhaL made uharma Sharma Lo be
born as a parroL
kun[al replled C 8rahmln! A man ls lnfluenced by Lhe company he keeps 1he reason why l
Look blrLh as a parroL ls relaLed wlLh an lncldenL whlch occurred ln my prevlous blrLh Cnce a
wlcked fowler sold a parroL Lo a brahmln who ln Lurn presenLed lL Lo me WlLh Lhe passage of Llme
l became very aLLached wlLh Lhe parroL and gradually devlaLed from my vlrLuous paLh As a resulL
all my dlvlne knowledge vanlshed and l became an ldloL once agalnCne day a caL arrlved and kllled LhaL
parroL ln my absence l became very sad and used Lo spend
my Llme crylng over Lhe dead parroL ulLlmaLely l dled buL even aL Lhe Llme of deaLh my mlnd
was preoccupled wlLh Lhe LhoughLs of my beloved parroL As a resulL l was born as a parroL buL
forLunaLely l remembered my prevlous blrLh even whlle l was sLlll ln my moLhers womb l was
full of remorse and used Lo curse myself for havlng wasLed my llfe Sage Chyavan was amazed
by Lhe narraLlon of kun[alLhe learned parroL
SWA8CAkPAnuA
SCML 8CMlnLn1 PCL? LACLS Cl 8PA8A1AvA8SPA
Cnce sages requesLed SuLa Lo descrlbe abouL Lhe mosL promlnenL places of pllgrlmage slLuaLed ln
8haraLavarsha SuLa commenced hls narraLlon by descrlblng Lhe orlgln of creaLlon and Lhen swlLched
over
Lo Lhe geographlcal characLerlsLlcs of 8haraLavarsha SuLa sald1here are seven promlnenL mounLaln
ranges ln 8haraLavarshaMahendra Malay Sahya ShakLlman 8lkshavan vlndhya and arlyaLra Some
promlnenL rlvers supplylng poLable waLer Lo Lhe lnhablLanLs of 8haraLavarsha areCanga Slndhu
SaraswaLl Codwarl narmada ShaLadru ?amuna vlpasha Mahanadl vldlsham varuna eLc 1he
names of Lhe maln !anapadas slLuaLed ln Lhe norLhern parL of 8haraLavarsha are kuru anchal Shalva
MaLreya !angal Shoorsen ullnd 8audh Chedl MaLsya 8ho[ Slndhu uLkal koshal Madra kallnga
kashl Malav Magadh vldeh Anga 8anga SurashLra kekay kashmlr and Candhar Slmllarly
!anpadas llke uravld keral rachya karnaLak kunLal Chol Sauhrld kona korak kalad Mushal and
SuLap are slLuaLed ln Lhe souLhern parL of 8haraLavarsha
SuLa Lhen descrlbed abouL Lhe greaLness of ushkar LlrLh by recounLlng an lncldenL relaLed wlLh
Lhe andavas
Cne day Sage narada vlslLed Lhe andavas who were llvlng ln exlle 1he andavas had vlslLed
many places durlng Lhe course of Lhelr exlle perlod and wanLed Lo know abouL Lhe frulLs Lhey had
acqulred due Lo Lhelr pllgrlmage
Sage narada Lhen recounLed an lncldenL when klng ulllp had once posed Lhe same quesLlon Lo
Sage vashlshLha Sage vashlshLha whlle descrlblng abouL Lhe greaLness of ushkar sald
ushkar LlrLh ls Lhe hollesL place where lord 8rahma has hls abode uelLles conslder Lhemselves
forLunaLe Lo be aL ushkar A person who Lakes a holy dlp aL ushkar and worshlps lord 8rahma
acqulres vlrLues equlvalenL Lo Lhe accompllshmenL of Lhe Ashwamedha ?agya
Sage vashlshLha conLlnued wlLh Lhe descrlpLlon of some oLher promlnenL places of pllgrlmage
llke !ambumarg narmada AmarkanLak eLc
!AM8uMA8C 8lvL8 nA8MAuA AMA8kAn1Ak
ConLlnulng wlLh hls narraLlon Sage vashlshLha sald A man deslrous of golng on a pllgrlmage
should flrsL of all vlslL !ambumarg because lL ls revered even by Lhe delLles and Lhe sages 8y
vlslLlng Lhls holy place a man acqulres vlrLue equlvalenL Lo Lhe accompllshmenL of an
Ashwamedha ?agya and aLLalns Lo vlshnuloka A man should Lhen vlslL 1undullk Ashrama
AgasLya Ashrama and kanya Ashrama whlch are slLuaLed near !ambumarg 1aklng a dlp ln Lhe
holy waLer of koLlLlrLh slLuaLed near Mahakal Lemple ls belleved Lo besLow undlmlnlshed vlrLue
8hadravaL ls a famous place of pllgrlmage relaLed wlLh Lord Shlva and paylng a vlslL here glves
vlrLue equlvalenL Lo donaLlon of 1000 cows
A man who Lakes holy dlp ln rlver narmada and performs Larpan ln Lhe name of manes acqulres
frulLs slmllar Lo Lhe accompllshmenL of AgnlshLom yagya narmada ls Lhe hollesL of all Lhe rlvers
A man becomes llberaLed from hls slns by Laklng baLh for Lhree weeks ln rlver SaraswaLl
Slmllarly lL Lakes one week of regular baLh ln rlver yamuna for a man Lo become absolved of all
hls slns 1he mere Louch of Canga waLer llberaLes a man from all hls slns buL mere slghL of rlver
narmada ls enough Lo llberaLe a man from all hls slns
koLlrudras are belleved Lo dwell ln Lhe vlclnlLy of AmarkanLak mounLaln All LogeLher slxLy
crores and slxLy Lhousand places of pllgrlmage are slLuaLed all around Lhls holy mounLaln
Anybody presenL ln Lhe vlclnlLy of Lhls mounLaln musL refraln from any klnd of slnful deeds
vlslLlng AmarkanLak mounLaln durlng solar and lunar ecllpses ls consldered Lo be exLremely
ausplclous Slmllarly Lhe confluence slLe of narmada and kaverl ls consldered Lo be sacrosancL
Anybody who Lakes a holy dlp ln Lhe confluence of narmada and kaverl becomes llberaLed from
hls slns
uPA8MA 1l81P Anu ?AMunASnAn
Sage narada conLlnued wlLh Lhe descrlpLlon of varlous holy places and sald A pllgrlm musL
vlslL uharma 1lrLh whlch ls named afLer Lhe lord of deaLhuharma Cnce upon a Llme
uharmara[ had performed an ausLere penance aL LhaL place Lhls ls Lhe reason why lL became
famous as uharma 1lrLh 8y vlslLlng uharma 1lrLh a man llberaLed all hls ancesLors up Lo
sevenLh generaLlon AfLer LhaL a pllgrlm should go Lo kalapforesL SaugandhlkforesL
SuvarnauhumavanLl respecLlvely All Lhe above menLloned holy places are capable of glvlng salvaLlon
uescrlblng abouL Lhe vlrLues of Laklng a holy dlp ln rlver kallnl (?amuna) sage narada sald
A person who Lakes a holy dlp ln ?amuna becomes llberaLed from all hls sorrows 1he vlrLue
acqulred by Laklng a baLh ln ?amuna ls greaLer Lhan paylng vlslLs Lo varlous holy places llke
ushkar kuruksheLra 8rahmavarLa and kashl1aklng a dlp ln ?amuna also helps ln Lhe
fulflllmenL of all Lhe deslres of a man AlLhough dlfferenL rlLuals have been aLLrlbuLed Lo varlous
yugas llke SaLya ?ugapenance 1reLa ?ugaknowledge uwapar ?ugayagya and kall ?uga
donaLlon yeL vlrLue of Laklng a holy dlp ln ?amuna Lranscends even Llme
AlLhough Lhe whole sLreLch of rlver ?amuna ls belleved Lo be holy yeL ?amuna flowlng near
MaLhura holds speclal lmporLance because of her deep assoclaLlon wlLh lord krlshnanarada
narraLed a Lale Lo prove Lhe slgnlflcance of Laklng a baLh ln ?amuna
uurlng SaLya ?uga Lhere llved a valshya named Pemakundal Pe had earned loL of wealLh by
dlnL of hard work AlLhough he was very rlch yeL happlness deluded hlm as he had no progeny
Pe was worrled as Lo who would lnherlL hls properLy afLer hls deaLhln course of Llme Pemakundal
aLLalned old age and afLer reallzlng abouL Lhe lmpermanence of
Lhe world lndulged hlmself ln vlrLuous deeds Pe was blessed wlLh Lwo sonsSrlkundal and
vlkundal When boLh hls sons grew up Pemakundal wenL lnLo Lhe foresL Lo do penance
Srl kundal and Pemakundal squandered Lhe whole wealLh whlch Lhelr faLher had earned so
palnsLaklngly 8oLh of Lhem were of loose moral characLer and had llllclL relaLlonshlp wlLh many
prosLlLuLes ln a very shorL Llme Lhey became poor and boLh of Lhem sLarved Lo deaLh When Lhe
yamdooLs reached yamloka afLer Laklng Lhelr souls ?amra[ ordereduL Srl kundal ln 8aurav
hell buL send vlkundal Lo Lhe heaven Whlle vlkundal was belng Laken Lo Lhe heaven he asked
one of Lhe yamdooLs1he slns commlLLed by my broLher and me were almosL ldenLlLlcal Lhen
why ls my broLher belng senL Lo hell whlle l am belng senL Lo heaven
1he yamdooL replled?ou are belng meLLed ouL Lhls speclal LreaLmenL on accounL of your vlrLues
acqulred by baLhlng Lwlce ln rlver ?amuna1here was a brahmln frlend of yours named
SwamlLra?ou had accompanled hlm Lo MaLhura and Lwlce Laken baLh ln Lhe holy ?amuna 8y
Lhe vlrLue of Lhe flrsL baLh you became llberaLed from all your slns whlle Lhe second baLh helped
you ln aLLalnlng Lo Lhe heaven vlkundal requesLed Lhe yamdooL Lo allow hls broLher Lo
accompany hlm Lo heaven ?amdooL replled LhaL hls broLher could accompany hlm Lo Lhe heaven
provlded he donaLed all hls vlrLues Lo hlm
vlkundal agreed Lo donaLe hls vlrLues Lo hls elder broLher for Lhe sake of hls llberaLlon 1hls way
boLh Srlkundal and vlkundal aLLalned Lo Lhe heaven
kASPlu8l kAA8ulSPWA8 Anu CA?A
Cn belng asked by ?udhlsLhlra abouL Lhe grandeur of holy places llke kashlpurl kapardlshwar
and Caya narada sald
!usL as Lord Mahadeva ls supreme among all Lhe delLles ln Lhe same manner kashlpurl holds a
slgnlflcanL sLaLus among all Lhe places of pllgrlmage Pence an lndlvldual should make lL a polnL
Lo vlslL kashl once ln hls llfe Llme 1he famous Shlvallnga kopardlshwar ls lnsLalled aL kashl
and ls sald Lo fulflll all Lhe deslres of a man erformance of varlous rlLuals aL kashl llberaLes a
man from all hls slnsall hls flaws are ellmlnaLed auLomaLlcally [usL by resldlng ln kashl
A devoLee who regularly pracLlces medlLaLlon ln Lhe Lemple of Lord kapordlshwar aLLalns
?ogaslddhl wlLhln slx monLhs Worshlpplng Lord kapardlshwar afLer Laklng a holy dlp ln
lshachmochan kunda llberaLes a man from gravesL of sln llke 8rahmahaLya eLc Caya ls
consldered Lo be a sacrosancL place of pllgrlmage and varlous rlLuals for Lhe paclflcaLlon of Lhe
souls of dead ancesLors are performed here Anybody who offers lndadan and Larpan aL Caya
noL only llberaLes hls ancesLors buL also hlmself 1here ls a very famous 8anyan Lree named
AkshayvaL aL Caya Caya ls slLuaLed aL Lhe bank of rlver lalgu
u8AnAS1PL LM8CulMLn1 Cl S8l PA8lAccordlng Lo SuLa all Lhe uranas are noLhlng buL Lhe
medlums Lhrough whlch Srl Parl manlfesLs
hlmself8rahma urana ls sald Lo be Lhe forhead of Srl Parl adma urana ls sald Lo be Lhe
hearL of Srl Parl vlshnu urana ls sald Lo be Lhe rlghL arm of Srl Parl Shlva urana ls sald Lo
be Lhe lefL arm of Srl Parl Srlmad 8hagawaL ls sald Lo be hls Lhlgh narada urana ls sald Lo be
hls navel Markendeya urana ls sald Lo be hls rlghLfooL Agnl urana ls sald Lo be hls lefL
fooL 8havlsh urana ls sald Lo be hls rlghLknee 8rahma valvraLa urana ls sald Lo be hls lefLknee
Llnga urana ls sald Lo be hls rlghL ankle varaha urana ls sald Lo be hls lefL ankle
Skanda urana ls sald Lo be Lhe halr on Lhe body of Srl Parl vamana urana ls sald Lo be hls
skln kurma urana ls sald Lo be hls back MaLsya urana ls sald Lo be hls sLomach Caruda
urana ls sald Lo be hls bonemarrow 8rahmanda urana ls sald Lo be hls bone
So all Lhe uranas belng manlfesLaLlon of dlfferenL parLs of Srl Parls body are very sacred and
capable of besLowlng salvaLlon
A1AL kPAnu
SPLSPnAC nA88A1LS 1ALLS Cl S8l 8AMAS 8L1u8n l8CM LAnkA
Cnce Sages requesLed SuLa Lo descrlbe abouL Srl 8amas reLurn from Lanka SuLa narraLed Lhe
same Lale whlch Sheshnag had once Lold vaLsyayan Sheshnag saldAfLer Lhe kllllng of demon
klng 8avana Srl 8ama appolnLed vlbhlshan as Lhe klng of Lanka Pe Lhen declded Lo reLurn Lo
Ayodhya on ushpakvlmana whlch vlbhlshan had presenLed Lo hlm Pe along wlLh SlLa
Lakshman Sugreev and Panuman boarded Lhe alrcrafL and flew Lowards Ayodhya1he earLh
looked beauLlful from such a hlgh alLlLude and Srl 8ama was conLlnuously descrlblng abouL Lhe
lmporLance of varlous places over whlch Lhe alrcrafL flew As Lhe alrcrafL was abouL Lo enLer Lhe
alrspace of Ayodhya Srl 8ama recognlzed 8haraLa who was llvlng aL nandlgram aL LhaL Llme
8haraLa had vowed noL Lo enLer Ayodhya Llll Lhe reLurn of Srl 8ama hence he sLayed aL
nandlgram slLuaLed aL Lhe ouLsklrLs of Ayodhya awalLlng Srl 8amas reLurn Pe led an ausLere llfe
as Lhe resulL of whlch he had become weak and feeble
Cn seelng 8haraLa Srl 8ama lnsLrucLed Panuman Lo lnform hlm abouL hls (8amas) arrlval
Panuman wenL Lo Lhe hermlLage of 8haraLa and lnformed hlm abouL Srl 8amas arrlval 8haraLas
[oy knew no bound and he expressed hls deslre Lo reward Panuman for brlnglng such ausplclous
news 8haraLa Lhen accompanled Panuman and wenL Lo meeL Srl 8ama Srl 8amas hearL was
fllled wlLh grlef when he saw 8haraLa who looked llke a hermlL ln hls valkal and kaupln Cn
Lhe oLher hand 8haraLa cursed hlmself for belng Lhe cause of Srl 8amas mlserles 8haraLa asked
for Srl 8amas forglveness and saldC Lord! ?ou had Lo go lnLo exlle only because of me l can
never be absolved of my sln
Srl 8ama consoled hlm and afLer Laklng 8haraLa lnLo hls embrace enqulred abouL hls welfare Pe
Lold 8haraLa LhaL he had Lo undergo Lhe sufferlngs of exlle because of hls own desLlny ?ou are
noL aL faulL uonL curse yourself for my mlsery sald Srl 8ama AL lasL all of Lhem lncludlng
8haraLa boarded ushpak vlmana and Lhe alrcrafL Look off for AyodhyaConLlnulng wlLh Srl
8amas Lale Sheshnag saldWhen SumanLh broughL Lhe news of Srl 8amas arrlval aL Ayodhya
people danced ln [oy reparaLlons sLarLed belng made for Srl 8amas grand recepLlon 1he whole
clLy of Ayodhya was decoraLed wlLh rows of llghLed lampsSrl 8ama and SlLa allghLed from Lhe ushpak
vlmana and boLh of Lhem were carrled ln a
palanquln Lo Lhe palace eople sLood ln queues on boLh sldes of Lhe road wlLh folded hands Srl
8ama blessed Lhem by ralslng hls hand llrsL of all 8ama wenL Lo meeL kalkayl who was full of
remorse and gullL Srl 8ama consoled her and Lhen wenL Lo meeL SumlLra Lo pay hls obelsance Lo
her AL lasL he wenL Lo meeL hls own moLherkaushalya who was dylng Lo see hlm kaushalya
blessed Srl 8ama SlLa and Lakshman 8haraLa Lhen lnsLrucLed Lhe royal asLrologers Lo declde
upon an ausplclous momenL for Srl 8amas coronaLlon 1hus Srl 8ama became Lhe klng of
Ayodhya uurlng hls relgn peace and prosperlLy prevalled everywhere eople were vlrLuous and
Lhere was no slgn of sln
8AvAnA 1PL MlCP1? uLMCn
eople of Ayodhya llved peacefully durlng Srl 8amas relgn unLll one faLeful day when Lhey
were sLruck by a bad newsSrl 8ama had abandoned SlLa afLer a Washerman leveled an unfalr
charge agalnsL her characLer Such was Lhe greaLness of Srl 8ama LhaL oplnlon of each and every
lndlvldual was glven due respecL lrrespecLlve of hls poslLlon and sLaLus Cne day Sage AgasLya
arrlved ln Lhe royal courL of Srl 8ama AfLer Lhe formal SaluLaLlons were over Sage AgasLya
compllmenLed Srl 8ama for kllllng 8avana
Srl 8ama asked AgasLyaWho was 8avana Lhe LormenLor of delLles? l am anxlous Lo know
abouL Lhe orlgln of hls whole clan
Sage AgasLya replledvlshrava was Lhe grandson of Lord 8rahma Pls faLher was sage ulasLya
vlshrava had Lwo wlvesMandaklnl and kalkasl Mandakanls son was kubera whlle kalkasl
was Lhe moLher of 8avana kumbhakarna and vlbhlshan kubera ruled over Lanka Cne day
kubera came Lo see hls parenLs boarded on hls alrcrafLushpak vlmana AfLer he reLurned Lo
Lanka 8avana who was very much lmpressed by kuberas royal appearances asked kalkasl
Who was Lhls fellow? lrom where dld he acqulre such an amazlng alrcrafL
kalkasl revealed Lo 8avana LhaL Lhe guesL was none oLher Lhan hls sLepbroLher kubera She sald
kubera ls Lhe son of your sLep moLherMandaklnl Pe has made hls moLher proud by hls
conducL buL l am ashamed of you because of your lnconsequenLlal exlsLence ?ou are no beLLer
Lhan a worm
8avana declded Lo prove hls moLher wrong by acqulrlng lnsurmounLable power and auLhorlLy
8avana wenL Lo Lhe foresL and performed an ausLere penance for Len Lhousand years by sLandlng
on one fooL Pe flxed hls gaze aL Lhe sun and never for a momenL dld he remove hls gaze from lL
kumbhakarna and vlbhlshan also engaged Lhemselves ln ausLere penance AL lasL Lord 8rahma
became pleased and blessed 8avana wlLh a vasL klngdom 8avana Lhen sLarLed LormenLlng hls
sLepbroLher kumbhakarna Pe snaLched kuberas ushpak vlmana and drove hlm ouL of Lanka
8avana Lhen Lurned hls aLLenLlon Lowards Lhe delLles and drove Lhem ouL of heaven 1he delLles
wenL Lo seek Lhe help of Lord 8rahma who ln Lurn Look Lhem Lo Lord Shlva Lven Lord Shlva
was clueless abouL Lhe means by whlch Lhe lndomlLable 8avana could be subdued ulLlmaLely all
of Lhem lncludlng Lord Shlva wenL Lo Lord vlshnu and soughL hls help
Lord vlshnu assured Lhem by saylng l shall Lake lncarnaLlon as 8ama aL a place called Ayodhya
resenLly Ayodhya ls belng ruled
by uashraLh who lnsplLe of havlng Lhree queens does noL have any son l shall manlfesL myself
as 8ama uonL worry! l shall ellmlnaLe Lhe menace called 8avana Sage AgasLya also Lold Srl
8ama LhaL 8avana belonged Lo Lhe casLe called 8rahmrakshas 1hls way Sage AgasLya afLer
havlng flnlshed hls narraLlon looked aL Srl 8ama anLlclpaLlng furLher querles
ACAS1?A AuvlSLS S8l 8AMA 1C L8lC8M
ASPWAMLuPA ?AC?A
Srl 8ama requesLed sage AgasLya Lo Lell abouL Lhe means by whlch he could become llberaLed
from Lhe slns of kllllng brahmlns Sage AgasLya advlsed hlm Lo perform Ashwamedha ?agya Pe
also descrlbed Lhe rlLuals of performlng Ashwamedha ?agya CeL a horse of whlLe colour and
afLer worshlpplng lL on valshakh urnlma leave lL Lo wander freely 1le a plece of paper on lLs
forehead on whlch your name and oLher deLalls are menLloned Soldlers should follow LhaL horse
wherever lL goes ?ou should flghL a baLLle agalnsL any klng who dares Lo sLop Lhe horse ?ou
should lead a cellbaLe llfe Llll Lhe horse reLurns back Lo Lhe same place from where lL had been leL
loose lL ls cusLomary for Lhe performer of Ashwamedha ?agya Lo lndulge hlmself ln benevolenL
deeds Llll Lhe compleLlon of Ashwamedha ?agya Srl 8ama agreed Lo perform Ashwamedha
?agya Pe wenL Lo Lhe seashore accompanled by numerous sages Pe Lhen culLlvaLed a vasL
expanse of land wlLh Lhe help of a golden plough A large oblaLlon slLe was consLrucLed and Lhus
began Ashwamedha ?agya under Lhe supervlslon of vashlshLha
1PL PC8SL lS LL1 LCCSL
As per Lhe advlce of Sage vashlshLha Srl 8ama lnsLrucLed hls soldlers Lo brlng a whlLehorse A
whlLe parasol was flxed on lLs back and Lhe horse was decoraLed wlLh colourful cloLhes 1he
horse was Lhen leL loose and Lhe falLhful soldlers of Srl 8ama followed lL wherever Lhe horse
wenLA goldsheeL was hanged ln Lhe horses neck and upon whlch was lnscrlbed1hls horse
belongs Lo Srl 8ama Lhe son of uasharaLh Anybody who dares Lo sLop Lhls horse wlll meeL
ruLhless punlshmenL
ShaLrughan followed Lhe horse as per Lhe lnsLrucLlon of hls elder broLher Srl 8ama 8haraLa and
ushkal also accompanled hlm A huge army led by kalneml was marchlng behlnd Lhe horse
LAv lAS1LnS 1PL PC8SL
Some of Lhe klngs Lrled Lo sLop Lhe horse buL were defeaLed by ShaLrughan 1hls way Lhe horse
conLlnued Lo move ahead wlLhouL any problem Llll lL reached Lhe bank of rlver Canga lL was
early mornlng and Lav afLer noLlclng Lhe presence of horse become curlous Pe wenL near Lhe
horse and Lrled Lo read Lhe lnscrlpLlon hanglng down lLs neck Pe made fun of Lhe mlghL of Srl
8ama and fasLened Lhe horse 1he soldlers Lrled Lo release Lhe horse buL Lav severed Lhelr arms
1hey reLurned Lo ShaLrughan and narraLed Lhe whole lncldenL Lo hlm
LAv vAnCulSPLS 1PL WPCLL A8M?ShaLrughan became exLremely furlous afLer seelng Lhe condlLlon of
hls ln[ured soldlers Pe
lnsLrucLed kalneml Lo Leach Lav a lesson kalneml confronLed Lav wlLh a huge army and a
feroclous baLLle Look place Lav managed Lo klll kalneml whlch creaLed havoc ln Lhe rlvals
army 1he survlvlng soldlers Lrled Lo hold Lhelr ground buL were forced Lo flee on accounL of a
flerce assaulL from Lav
ShaLrughan Lhen ordered ushkal Lo flghL Lav buL he became unconsclous afLer belng hlL by Lavs
arrow now ShaLrughans anger crossed all llmlLs and he ordered Panuman Lo klll Lav
Panuman uprooLed a large Lree and Lrled Lo hlL Lav buL Lav cuL LhaL Lree lnLo hundred pleces wlLh
a volley of arrows Lav Lhen released many arrows ln Lhe dlrecLlon of Panuman Panuman
foughL vallanLly buL ulLlmaLely he fell down unconsclous
LAv 8LCCMLS unCCnSClCuS
When ShaLrughan learnL abouL Panumans faLe he was lnfurlaLed and wenL Lo flghL Lav 8uL
when he saw a Lender looklng chlld ln fronL of hlm he was surprlsed ShaLrughan asked
C brave chlld! Who are you! Who ls your faLher?
8uL Lav was noL lnLeresLed ln hls lrrelevanL querles and challenged hlm for a duel ShaLrughan
was lefL wlLh no oLher opLlon buL Lo flghL A Lremendous baLLle was foughL beLween Lhem
ShaLrughan released volleys of arrow Lowards Lav buL all of Lhem were neuLrallzed by hlm lor a
brlef Llme ShaLrughan losL hls consclousness AfLer regalnlng hls consclousness he almed hls
mosL leLhal weapon Lowards Lav 1he arrow hlL Lav and he fell down unconsclous Lavs
companlons wenL and lnformed SlLa abouL Lhe whole lncldenL kush came forward Lo flghL
agalnsL Srl 8amas army When he reached Lhe baLLlefleld he saw Lav who was held capLlve by
Lhe enemys armys 8y LhaL Llme Lav had regalned hls consclousness and afLer seelng kush he
somehow managed Lo free hlmself from Lhe cluLches of hls capLors
now boLh Lhe broLhers launched a flerce aLLack on Lhe enemy 1he whole army of Srl 8ama
sLarLed runnlng helLer and shelLer lL dld noL Lake much Llme for Lav and kush Lo vanqulsh Lhe
whole army All Lhe greaL warrlors llke Panuman Sugrlva ushkal Angad veermanl and even
ShaLrughan were elLher held capLlve or ln[ured ln Lhe baLLle 8oLh Lhe broLhers fasLened Panuman
and Sugrlva wlLh ropes and Look Lhem Lo SlLa SlLa lmmedlaLely recognlzed Panuman and
Sugrlva She lnsLrucLed boLh her sons Lo seL Lhem free as well as Lhe horse Lav and kush
followed Lhe lnsLrucLlon of SlLa and released everybody from Lhelr capLlvlLy SlLa Lhen whlspered
May all Lhe dead soldlers become allve Per words came Lrue and all Lhe dead soldlers became
allve once agaln ShaLrughan regalned hls consclousness Loo
1PL A8M? 8L1u8nS 1C A?CuP?A
ShaLrughan declded Lo reLurn Lo Ayodhya Pe lnsLrucLed SumaLl Lo make all Lhe necessary
arrangemenLs for Lhe safe reLurn of Lhe caravan whlch comprlsed noL only of Srl 8amas army
buL also of all Lhe defeaLed klngs and Lhelr vanqulshed armles When Srl 8ama came Lo know
abouL Lhelr arrlval he senL Lakshman Lo recelve Lhem Lakshman recelved Lhe vlcLorlous army wlLh all
Lhe honor and Lhe all of Lhem came Lo Lhe palace Srl 8ama curlously asked SumaLl abouL
everyLhlng LhaL had happened
SumaLl paraded all Lhe vanqulshed klngs who had made Lhe mlsLake of sLopplng Lhe horse
Sumad Sabahu uaman SaLyavan SuraLh eLc Pe Lhen narraLed Lhe brave deed of Lav and
kushPe also revealed how mlghLy warrlors llke Panuman Sugrlva ShaLrughan eLc had been
defeaLed by boLh of Lhem
S8l 8AMA SLnuS LAkSPMAn 1C 88lnC Sl1A
Sage valmlkl was presenL ln Ayodhya Lo aLLend Lhe Ashwamedha ?agya Srl 8ama asked hlm
abouL Lhe ldenLlLy of Lhe Lwo chlldrenLav and kush valmlkl sald SlLa was pregnanL aL Lhe
Llme you had abandoned her l gave her refuge ln my hermlLage where she gave blrLh Lo Lwlns
Lav and kush 8oLh Lhe chlldren were broughL up ln my hermlLage wlLh love and care l LaughL
Lhem all Lhe sacred LexLs and scrlpLures and made Lhem masLers of varlous weaponrles So Lav
and kush are your sons ?ou musL brlng SlLa back Lo Ayodhya wlLh due honor because she ls
pure and chasLe Moreover your whole army owe lLs llfe Lo her
Srl 8amas hearL was fllled wlLh grlef Pe lnsLrucLed Lakshman Lo brlng SlLa along wlLh Lav and
kush Lakshman wenL Lo valmlkls hermlLage and requesLed SlLa Lo reLurn Lo Ayodhya SlLa
refused Lo reLurn buL senL Lav and kush along wlLh Lakshman When Srl 8ama found LhaL only
Lav and kush had come he once agaln senL Lakshman Lo brlng SlLa Lakshman followed hls
lnsLrucLlon and wenL Lo valmlkls hermlLage for Lhe second Llme Meanwhlle valmlkl lnsLrucLed
Lav and kush Lo slng Lhe pralse of Srl 8ama ln Lhelr melodlous volce Lverybody was moved by
Lhelr soulful rendlLlon Srl 8ama Look Lav and kush ln hls embrace
Sl1A 8L1u8nS 1C A?CuP?A
Srl 8ama euloglsed all Lhe revered sages who had arrlved Lo aLLend Lhe Ashwamedha ?agya 1he holy
waLer of Saryu was broughL and sprlnkled ln Lhe yagya kund where Ashwamedha ?agya was belng
performed amldsL Lhe chanLlng of vedlc manLras Pardly had Srl 8ama Louched Lhe horse wlLh hls hands
Lhen lL Lransformed lnLo a human belng Lverybody was amazed by Lhls lncldenL Srl 8ama asked LhaL
man as Lo how he had aLLalned Lhe form of a horse 1he man revealed Lo Lhe assembled people LhaL he
had become a horse due Lo uurvasas curse LaLer on Sage uurvasa had mercy on me and assured LhaL
l would regaln my human form by Lhe dlvlne Louch of Srl 8ama
Pavlng sald Lhls Lhe man aLLalned Lo Lhe heaven ln course of Llme Srl 8ama organlsed Lwo more
Ashwamedha ?agyas and hls glory reverberaLed Lhrough all Lhe Lhree worlds
u11A8 kPAnu
8Au8lkASP8AMA
Cnce on belng asked by Lhe sages abouL Lhe greaLness of 8adrlkasharama SuLa narraLed Lhe
same Lale whlch Lord Shlva had once Lold sage narada Lord Mahadeva had Lold narada LhaL
alLogeLher Lhere were one lakh and LwenLyflve Lhousand
mounLalns and 8adrlkashrama was supreme among Lhem Lord Mahadeva sald
8adrlkasharama ls Lhe abode of Lord naranarayan narayanLhe orlgln of all creaLlons has four
arms and hls complexlon ls dark narayan manlfesLs hlmself ln boLh formsSakar as well as
nlrakar Pe ls Lhe eLernal urusha and ls worshlpped by people durlng Lhe full perlod of
uLLarayan Slnce 8adrlkashrama ls covered wlLh snow durlng Lhe perlod of uakshalnayan
narayan ls noL worshlpper durlng Lhese slx monLhs All Lhe delLles dwell aL 8adrlkasharama 1he
sages llve ln Lhelr hermlLages aL 8adrlkasharama 8lver Alaknanda flows aL 8adrlkasharama
Anybody Laklng a dlp ln Lhe holy waLer of Alaknanda becomes llberaLed from hls slns
1PL uLSCLn1 Cl 8lvL8 CAnCA
uescrlblng abouL Lhe reason why rlver Canga was broughL down on Lhe earLh Lord Mahadeva
Lold narada klng 8haglraLh was Lhe archlLecL of Cangas arrlval on Lhe earLh Pe wanLed Lo
llberaLe hls dead ancesLorss from Lhe curse of Sage kaplla klng Sagar came from Lhe llneage of
Lhe famous klngParlshchandra Sagar had Lwo queens 1he elder queen had slxLy Lhousand sons
whlle Lhe younger queen had [usL oneancha[an ancha[ans son was Anshuman who hlmself
was Lhe faLher of ulllp ulllp was Lhe faLher of 8haglraLh
8haglraLh dld an ausLere penance on Lhe Plmalayas for Len Lhousand years As a resulL rlver
Canga descended on Lhe earLh l (Shlva) held her ln Lhe locks of my halr and she remalned Lhere
for Len Lhousand more years 8haglraLh requesLed me Lo release Canga so LhaL hls ancesLors could
be llberaLed l agreed Lo release Canga and 8haglraLh Look her Lo Lhe aLalloka where hls
ancesLors had been charred Lo deaLh due Lo kapllas curse 8haglraLh sprlnkled Lhe waLer of
Canga on Lhe ashes of hls ancesLors and each of Lhem aLLalned salvaLlon as a resulL LvenLually
Canga resurfaced aL ParldwarLhe mosL sacred place of pllgrlmage
uASPA8A1P AClllLS SPAnl
Sage narada curlously asked Lord Mahadeva as Lo whaL made Shanl such a volaLlle planeLLord
Mahadeva replled Shanl ls exLremely vlolenL by naLure and everybody ls scarred of Lhls planeL
Cnce Lhe royal asLrologer of uasharaLh was peLrlfled aL Lhe prospecL of Shanl enLerlng Lhe
consLellaLlon of 8ohlnl and warned hlm of lLs dlre consequences lf Lhe Shanl ls noL prevenLed
from enLerlng 8ohlnl Lhen famlne would occur lasLlng for more Lhan Lwelve years sald Lhe royal
asLrologers
uasharaLh wenL above Lhe sky Lo subdue Lhe mlghL of Shanl well armed wlLh dlvlne weapons
Shanl became Lerrlfled on seelng uasharaLh ln such a menaclng mood and expressed hls
wllllngness Lo fulflll hls deslres
CuALl1lLS Cl A vAlSPnAv
Clvlng a deLalled descrlpLlon of Lhe quallLles of a valshnava Lord Shlva Lold narada A person who has
LoLal devoLlon ln Lord vlshnu ls called a valshnava Pe ls LruLhful klnd and
forglvlng by naLure Pe engages hlmself ln ausLere penance and refralns from any klnd of
vlolence Pe wears a 1ulsl bead ln hls neck and puLs on Lllak Pe ls well versed ln sacred LexL llke
Lhe vedas uranas eLc 1he mere slghL of a valshnava ls enough Lo llberaLe a slnner from all hls
slns leedlng a valshnava besLowes vlrLue equlvalenL Lo feedlng Lhousand of ordlnary brahmlns
lnu8A8AS1PA
1he sages enqulred from SuLa abouL Lhe hollesL clLy slLuaLed on Lhe banks of rlver ?amuna
SuLa narraLed Lhe Lale whlch Sage Saubharl had once Lold ?udhlsLhlraCnce narada and arvaL
were Lravelllng Lhrough an aerlal rouLe whlle Lhey were flylng over khandav foresL Lhey were
lured by Lhe beauLlful slghL of rlver ?amuna 1hey declded Lo Lake resL for a whlle 8oLh of Lhem
descended down and enLered rlver ?amuna Lo Lake Lhelr baLh Meanwhlle klng Shlbl who ruled
over ushlnar saw Lhem Pe eagerly walLed aL Lhe bank of ?amuna When narada and arvaL
emerged ouL of Lhe ?amuna Lhey found klng Shlbl eagerly walLlng for Lhem Meanwhlle klng
Shlbl had noLlced Lhe remalns of numerous havankundas (oblaLlonalLars) spread ln a large
area
AfLer Lhe formal exchanges of pleasanLarles were over klng Shlbl asked narada abouL Lhose
havan kundas
narada replleduurlng anclenL Llmes lndra had performed numerous ?agyas aL Lhls place Lo
express hls graLlLude Lo Lord vlshnu wlLh whose blesslngs he had regalned Lhe heaven from Lhe
cluLches of Plranyakashlpu ln course of Llme Lhls place became famous as lndraprasLha 1hls
sacrosancL place ls holler Lhan all Lhe holy places comblned LogeLher lndraprasLha ls spread ln Lhe
area of one yo[an from easL Lo wesL and four yo[ans from norLh Lo souLh
vAlkun1P1PL A8CuL Cl LC8u vlSPnu
uescrlblng abouL Lhe grandeur of valkunLh Lord Shlva Lold arvaLlA person who has LoLal
devoLlon ln vlshnu aLLalns Lo valkunLh afLer hls deaLh valkunLha ls Lhe abode of vlshnu and
consLlLuLes of numerous !anapadas 1he magnlflcence of valkunLh ls beyond descrlpLlon and lL
houses many grand palaces fully decoraLed wlLh [ewels and dlamonds 1he cenLral parL of
valkunLha ls called Ayodhya and ls well proLecLed by dwarpals named Chanda rachanda
8hadra Subhadra !aya vl[ay uhaLa and vldhaLavalkunLh ls lnhablLed by counLless dlvlne
people who llve ln well lllumlnaLed houses
ln Lhe cenLral parL of Ayodhya ls slLuaLed Lhe anLahpurl of Lord vlshnu lL ls lnhablLed by
celesLlal beauLlesapsaras 1here ls a dlvlne canopy slLuaLed [usL aL Lhe cenLer of anLahpurl where
Lord vlshnu has hls dlvlne Lhrone 1he dlvlne Lhrone ls surrounded by delLles as well as by Lhe
embodlmenLs of all Lhe four vedas 8lgveda ?a[urveda Samaveda and ALharvaveda 1he
delLlesAgnl Surya and Chandrama have Lhelr dwelllngs aL Lhe cenLer of vlshnus Lhrone1here
ls a grand pedesLal called yogapeeLh esLabllshed on Lhe Lhrone A beauLlful loLus flower ls
esLabllshed on Lhe yogapeeLh on whlch ls seaLed Lord vlshnu along wlLh hls consorL Lakshml Lord
vlshnu appears dlvlne ln hls complexlon of a blue loLus whose radlance ls enough Lo
subdue crores of sun Pe has radlanL earrlngs hanglngs down hls earlobes Pls forehead ls
covered wlLh curly halr Pe has Lhe famous kausLubh manl ln hls neck Pe holds a conch and a
chakra ln each of hls Lwo hands and Lhe remalnlng Lwo hands are ln Lhe posLure of glvlng
blesslngs
1PL lnCA8nA1lCnS Cl MA1S?A Anu ku8MA
Cnce goddess arvaLl expressed her deslre Lo know abouL all Lhe lncarnaLlons of Lord vlshnu
Lord Mahadeva replled Lord 8rahma had creaLed numerous ra[apaLls llke 8hrlgu Marlchl
ALrl uaksha kardam ulasLya ulaha Anglra and kraLu Marlchl was Lhe faLher of kashyapa
Sage kashyapa had four wlvesAdlLl ulLl kadru and vlnLaAdlLl was Lhe moLher of uelLles
whlle ulLl gave blrLh Lo demons llkeMakar Payagreeva Mahaball Plranyaksha
Plranyakashlpu !ambha Maya eLc Makar was a mlghLy demon who afLer decelLfully acqulrlng
Lhe vedas from Lord 8rahma had hldden hlmself lnslde an ocean Lord 8rahma requesLed
vlshnu Lo llberaLe Lhe sacred vedas from Lhe possesslon of Makar
Lord vlshnu Lhen Look Lhe lncarnaLlon of MaLsya and afLer kllllng Makar gave back Lhe vedas Lo
Lord 8rahma uurvasa was Lhe son of Sage ALrl Cnce he wenL Lo lndraloka Lo see lndra AL LhaL
Llme lndra was plannlng Lo go ouL somewhere uurvasa presenLed a garland of arl[aL flowers Lo
lndra lndra afLer recelvlng Lhe garland from uurvasa kepL lL carelessly on Lhe forehead of hls
elephanLAlravaL 1hls garland was Lrampled under lLs feeL by Lhe elephanL whlch lnfurlaLed
uurvasa Pe cursed lndra by saylnglmmense prosperlLy has made you arroganL 8uL you wlll
become a pauper wlLhln a very shorL Llme
uurvasas words came Lo be Lrue and lndra found LhaL noL only Lhe heaven buL all Lhe Lhree worlds
had become berefL of goddess Lakshml rosperlLy vanlshed and poverLy prevalled everywhere
1he delLles became worrled and wenL Lo Lake Lhe help of 8rahma 8rahma Look Lhe delLles Lo
Lord vlshnu vlshnu became pleased wlLh Lhelr eulogy and sald
l wlll Lake lncarnaLlon as kurma lf Lhe ocean were churned wlLh Lhe help of Mandarachal
mounLaln and vasukl Lhen goddess Lakshml would manlfesL herself l shall hold Lhe
Mandarachal mounLaln on my back 1hls way Lhe churnlng of ocean commenced 1he
Mandarachal mounLaln was uprooLed and placed lnslde Lhe ksheerSagar and whlch resLed on
Lhe back of Lord kurma 1he serpenLvasukl was held by delLles and demons on boLh Lhe ends
llrsL of all Lhe mosL venomous polsonkalkuL emerged from Lhe ocean Seelng boLh Lhe delLles
and demons unwllllng Lo accepL lL (Lord Shlva) drank lL
AfLer Lhe emergence of kalkuL goddess uarldra and varunal manlfesLed Lhemselves Slmllarly
AlravaL elephanL uchchalshravahorse uhanvanLarl Surabhlcow and arl[aL Lree emerged
from Lhe ocean ulLlmaLely goddess Lakshml manlfesLed herself 1he delLles requesLed her Lo
dwell ln Lhe hearL of Lord vlshnu and bless all Lhe Lhree worlds by her presence Coddess
Lakshml agreed and blessed Lhem
n8lSlMPAlnCA8nA1lCnConLlnulng wlLh Lhe varlous lncarnaLlons of Lord vlshnu Lord Mahadeva Lold
arvaLl
Sage kashyapa had Lwo mlghLy sons from ulLlPlranyakashlpu and Plranyaksha Plranyaksha
had once carrled Lhe earLh Lo 8asaLala 1he delLles requesLed Lord vlshnu Lo rescue Lhe earLh
Lord vlshnu Look Lhe lncarnaLlon of a boar and kllled Plranyaksha wlLh hls sharp horn When
Plranyakshlpu learnL abouL hls broLhers deaLh he wenL Lo Meruglrl mounLaln and sLarLed dolng
penance Lo please me (Lord Shlva) l blessed hlm wlLh lmmorLallLy LaLer on Plranyakashlpu
marrled uLLanpads daughLerkalyanl and had a son named rahlada from her ln splLe of belng
born ln Lhe clan of a demon rahlada proved Lo be an exLremely rellglous chlld and was a
supreme devoLee of Lord vlshnu
When Plranyakshlpu came Lo know abouL rahladas rellglous Lendency he Lrled hls besL Lo sLop
hlm from worshlpplng vlshnu 8uL all hls efforLs wenL ln valn and rahlada conLlnued Lo
worshlp Lord vlshnuPlranyakashlpu lnsLrucLed hls subordlnaLes Lo klll rahlada buL each Llme
he came ouL unharmed Cne day Plranyakashlpu pulled ouL hls sword and sald?ou say LhaL
vlshnu ls omnlpresenL ls he presenL ln Lhls plllar? Pavlng sald llke Lhls he assaulLed Lhe plllar
wlLh hls sword Suddenly Lo hls sheer amazemenL Lord vlshnu manlfesLed hlmself from LhaL
plllar ln Lhe form of nrlslmha
Plranyakashlpu had been blessed by Lord Shlva LhaL he could be kllled nelLher by a man nor a
beasL no weapon could harm hlm Pe could be kllled nelLher durlng Lhe day nor durlng Lhe
nlghL Plranyakashlu had Laken lnLo conslderaLlon all Lhe posslble LhreaL percepLlons Lo hls llfe
and Lrled Lo become lmmorLal 8uL Lord vlshnu Lakes lncarnaLlon Lo proLecL Lhe humanlLy
whenever rellglousness ls under LhreaL 1hls Llme Lord vlshnu Look lncarnaLlon as nrlslmha
(parLly llon and parLly human) and Lore aparL hls belly wlLh hls sharp nalls AfLer Lhe deaLh of
Plranyakashlpu rahlada was coronaLed as hls successor rahlada ruled [usLly and hls sub[ecL
were happy and saLlsfled
vAMAnAlnCA8nA1lCn
ConLlnulng wlLh Lhe varlous lncarnaLlons of Lord vlshnu Lord Mahadeva Lold arvaLl
rahlada had a son named vlrochan1he mosL benevolenL klngMahabahu8all was vlrochans
son 8all had defeaLed Lhe delLles and ruled over all Lhe Lhree worlds Sage kashyapa commenced
Lhe mosL ausLere penanceayovraLa Lo help Lhe delLles regaln Lhelr losL klngdom (heaven) once
agaln Pe was accompanled by hls wlfeAdlLl ln hls penance whlch lasLed for one Lhousand
years AL lasL Lord vlshnu became pleased by Lhelr penance and appeared before Lhem Sage
kashyapa narraLed Lhe woeful Lales of Lhe delLles and requesLed hlm Lo make lndra Lhe Lord of all
Lhe Lhree worlds Lord vlshnu promlsed LhaL he would Lake lncarnaLlon as vamana ln course of
Llme AdlLl became pregnanL and ulLlmaLely gave blrLh Lo Lord vamana Lord vamana appeared
ln Lhe form of a 8rahmcharl Pe wore a deerSkln and carrled a sLlck and a mekhala ln boLh
hls hands Lord vlshnu enqulred Lhe delLles abouL Lhe fuLure course of acLlon 1he delLles
lnformed hlm LhaL 8all was busy performlng a yagya and he would noL Lurn down any demand
made Lo hlm because lf he dld so Lhere was a fear of looslng all hls vlrLues aLLalned by Lhe
performance of Lhe yagyaLord vamana wenL Lo Lhe oblaLlon slLe where 8all was performlng a yagya and
demanded a
small plece of land measured by hls Lhree sLeps 8all agreed Lo meeL Lhe demand of hls guesL
lnsplLe of Shukracharyas warnlng 8all resolved Lo donaLe land by holdlng holy waLer ln hls
palm now Lord vamana abandoned hls dwarflsh form and appeared ln a glanL form Pe
measured Lhe whole earLh by hls flrsL sLep Lord vlshnu Lhen measured Lhe whole sky by hls
second sLep 1he helpless 8all agreed Lo donaLe all Lhe Lhree worlds Lo proLecL hls vow
ulLlmaLely Lord vlshnu senL 8all Lo Lhe 8asaLala and Lhus lndra became Lhe ruler of heaven once
agaln
S8l 8AMAS 8l81P
uescrlblng abouL Srl 8amas lncarnaLlon Lord Mahadeva Lold arvaLlCnce Swayambhuva
Manu had expressed hls deslre of havlng Lord vlshnu as hls son Lo whlch Lord vlshnu had
agreed uurlng 1reLa ?uga Manu manlfesLed hlmself as uasharaLh and vlshnu kepL hls promlse
by Laklng blrLh as hls sonSrl 8ama Slmllarly durlng uwapar ?uga Manu was born as vasudev
and Lord vlshnu kepL hls word by Laklng blrLh as hls sonkrlshna AfLer Lhe compleLlon of one
Lhousand dlvlne years Manu wlll be born ln Lhe vlllage of Sambhal as ParlgupLa and vlshnu wlll
Lake blrLh as hls sonkalkl
Lord Shlva Lhen conLlnued wlLh Lhe lncarnaLlon of Srl 8ama and saldSage vlshrava was Lhe
son of ulasya and was marrled Lo kekashl 8avana and kumbhakarna were born Lo Lhe couple
Sage vlshrava also had a daughLer named Shurpanakha and a vlrLuous son named
vlbhlshan8avana and kumbhakarna dld ausLere penance Lo please me (Lord Shlva) When l
appeared before 8avana he requesLed Lhe boon of lmmorLallLy from me AfLer recelvlng Lhe boon
8avana became very arroganL and sLarLed LormenLlng Lhe lnhablLanLs of all Lhe Lhree worlds 1he
delLles became scarred and Look Lhe refuge of Lord vlshnu Lord vlshnu assured Lhem LhaL he
would solve Lhelr problem by Laklng lncarnaLlon as Srl 8ama
uasharaLh came from Lhe llneage of Surya Pe had Lhree queenskaushalya SumlLra and
kalkeyl Cnce uasharaLh performed a valshnav ?agya wlLh Lhe ob[ecLlve of acqulrlng a son
Lord vlshnu appeared and assured hlm LhaL he would Lake lncarnaLlon as Srl 8ama ln a shorL
Llme Lord vlshnu gave a bowl of dlvlne kheer Lo uasharaLh whlch he dlsLrlbuLed amongsL hls
Lhree queens ln course of Llme kaushalya gave blrLh Lo Srl 8ama on Lhe ausplclous day of
ChalLranavaml 1he delLles and Lhe sages re[olced aL hls blrLh
S8l 8AMA C8CWS u
ConLlnulng wlLh Lhe Lale of Srl 8ama Lord Mahadeva Lold arvaLluasharaLh requesLed
vashlshLha Lo perform Lhe !aLkarm Sanskar of Srl 8ama ln course of Llme kalkeyl gave blrLh Lo
8haraLaan lncarnaLlon of ancha[anya conch Slmllarly SumlLra gave blrLh Lo Lwo sons
Lakshman and ShaLrughan Lakshman was Lhe lncarnaLlon of Sheshnag whlle ShaLrughan was
Lhe lncarnaLlon of Sudershan chakra Srl 8ama and hls broLhers recelved educaLlon under Lhe
guldance of Sage vashlshLha ln a very shorL Llme Lhey became proflclenL ln all Lhe scrlpLures and
masLered varlous weaponarles AlLhough all Lhe four broLhers were very close Lo each oLher yeL
Lakshman could noL bear Lo llve ln 8amas separaLlon even for a momenL and was speclally close
Lo hlm
SlLa manlfesLed herself from Lhe fleld whlle !anaka was ploughlng lL klng !anaka broughL up
SlLa wlLh greaL love and care AL LhaL Llme vlshwamlLra was busy performlng a grand yagya aL
Slddha Ashrama 8uL Lhe demons creaLed numerous problems and made lL lmposslble for hlm Lo
accompllsh Lhe yagya vlshwamlLra wenL Lo Ayodhya and requesLed uasharaLh Lo send Srl 8ama
and Lakshman along wlLh hlm so LhaL Lhe yagya could be accompllshed wlLhouL any problems
uasharaLh agreed Lo send Srl 8ama and Lakshman along wlLh vlshwamlLra1hls way
vlshwamlLra reLurned Lo hls hermlLage acompanled by boLh Lhe broLhers Caruda presenLed a palr
of bow and lmperlshable seL of arrows Lo boLh Lhe broLhers
Whlle sLaylng aL Lhe hermlLage Srl 8ama and Lakshman kllled many demons llke 1araka and
Subahu When Marlch Lrled Lo dlsrupL Lhe yagya Srl 8ama aLLacked hlm wlLh avanasLra whlch
senL Marlch flylng across Lhe seashore Meanwhlle on learnlng LhaL !anaka was performlng
va[apeya yagya aL !anakapur vlshwamlLra Look Srl 8ama and Lakshman Lo aLLend lL Cn Lhe
way Srl 8ama llberaLed Ahalya who had Lurned lnLo a rock afLer belng cursed by her husband
AfLer reachlng !anakapur Srl 8ama broke Lord Shlvas bow and marrled SlLa Lakshman
marrled urmlla uasharaLh had come Lo aLLend Lhe marrlage ceremony accompanled by 8haraLa
and ShaLrughan 8haraLa was marrled Lo Mandavl whlle ShaLrughan marrled ShruLkeerLl
Meanwhlle on learnlng LhaL Srl 8ama had broken Shlvas bow arshurama arrlved Lhere and
challenged hlm buL ulLlmaLely arashurama reallzed abouL Lhe dlvlnlLy of Srl 8ama and accepLed
hls superlorlLy AL lasL Srl 8ama Lakshman 8haraLa and ShaLrughan reLurned Lo Ayodhya along
wlLh Lhelr respecLlve consorLs
S8l 8AMAS LxlLL
Lord Mahadeva conLlnued wlLh Lhe Lale of Srl 8ama and Lold arvaLl uasharaLh wanLed Lo
appolnL Srl 8ama as hls successor buL kalkeyl dld noL llke Lhls ldea She wanLed 8haraLa Lo be
made Lhe klng of Ayodhya and Srl 8ama Lo be senL lnLo exlle for 14 years Cnce kalkeyl had
saved uasharaLhs llfe whlle he was flghLlng a baLLle agalnsL Lhe demons 1o show hls graLlLude
uasharaLh had promlsed Lwo boons Lo her AL LhaL Llme kalkeyl had Lold uasharaLh LhaL she
would make her demand aL Lhe approprlaLe Llme
1hls way uasharaLh was compelled by kalkeyl Lo accepL Lhe Lwo demands As a resulL Srl
8ama was senL lnLo exlle 8haraLa refused Lo become Lhe klng of Ayodhya and vowed Lo walL Llll
Srl 8ama reLurned uasharaLh could noL bear Lhe sorrow of 8amas separaLlon and dled ln hls
sorrow 8haraLa Lrled hls besL Lo convlnce Srl 8ama Lo change hls mlnd and accepL Lhe Lhrone
buL Srl 8ama dld noL llsLen Lo hls requesL 8haraLa Lhen broughL Srl 8amas woodensandal and
kepL lL on Lhe Lhrone Pe vowed Lo spend resL of hls llfe ln ausLerlLles Llll Srl 8ama reLurned
Whlle Srl 8ama was sLlll ln exlle he wenL Lo Lhe hermlLage of Sage ALrl and recelved hls
blesslngs ALrls wlfe Anasuya preached SlLa on Lhe vlrLues of chasLlLy Srl 8ama also vlslLed
hermlLages of some oLher promlnenL sages llke Sharbhanga SuLeeksha AgasLya eLc Cnce whlle
Srl 8ama was llvlng ln anchavaLl Shurpanakha arrlved Lhere Shurpanakha was 8avanas slsLer and
wanLed Lo marry Srl 8ama 8uL Lakshman severed her nose and ears She wenL Lo a mlghLy
demon named khar and narraLed her woeful Lale khar aLLacked 8ama wlLh a huge army whlch
comprlsed of brave warrlors llke 1rlshlra uushan eLc 8ama was vlcLorlous ln Lhls baLLle and
khar 1rlshlra and uushan were kllled
Shurpanakha wenL Lo 8avana and lnformed hlm abouL Lhe mlsdeeds of 8ama 8avana was
lnfurlaLed and wanLed Lo Lake revenge Pe abducLed SlLa wlLh Lhe help of MarlchWhen !aLayu
saw 8avana carrylng SlLa Lo Lanka he foughL wlLh vallance buL was ln[ured ln Lhe ensulng baLLle
Srl 8ama wenL ln search of SlLa and meL !aLayu who was ln[ured and who lnformed 8ama LhaL
SlLa had been abducLed by Lhe demon klng 8avana Srl 8ama meL Panuman aL Lhe 8lshyamook
mounLaln LaLer on he befrlended Sugrlva on Lhe advlce of Panuman Sugrlva had enemlLy wlLh
hls broLher8all Srl 8ama kllled 8all and made Sugrlva Lhe klng
Srl 8ama requesLed Panuman Lo flnd ouL Lhe whereabouLs of SlLa Panuman wenL Lo Lanka and
found SlLa aL Ashoka vaLlka Pe desLroyed Lhe garden and kllled many demons lncludlng
8avanas sonAkshay kumar ulLlmaLely he was capLured by MeghnaLh and Laken Lo 8avanas
courL 8avana ordered Panumans Lall Lo be lgnlLed Panuman Lhen burnL Lhe clLy of Lanka and
reLurned Lo Srl 8ama When Srl 8ama came Lo know abouL Lhe exacL locaLlon of SlLa he declded
Lo aLLack Lanka wlLh a huge army whlch comprlsed of monkeys 1he army camped aL Lhe seashore
where vlbhlshan came Lo meeL hlm
A brldge was bullL across Lhe ocean and Lhe army reached Lanka A flerce baLLle Look place ln
whlch many demons were kllled AL lasL 8avana came forward Lo flghL agalnsL Srl 8ama buL was
kllled Srl 8ama appolnLed vlbhlshan as Lhe klng of Lanka and blessed hlm vlbhlshan presenLed
hls pushpak vlmana Lo Srl 8ama All of Lhem boarded Lhe ushpak vlmana and flew Lowards
Ayodhya Cn Lhe way Srl 8ama meL 8haraLa who was sLlll awalLlng hls arrlval aL nandlgram Srl
8ama was very pleased Lo meeL 8haraLa ulLlmaLely all of Lhem reLurned Lo Ayodhya
S8l 8AMAS CC8CnA1lCn
uescrlblng Lhe coronaLlon of Srl 8ama Lord Mahadeva Lold arvaLleople of Ayodhya re[olced
aL Lhe reLurn of Srl 8ama An ausplclous day was chosen for hls coronaLlon and Srl 8ama became
Lhe klng of Ayodhya amldsL Lhe chanLlngs of vedlc manLras Srl 8ama ruled over Ayodhya for
one Lhousand years wlLhouL any problem Meanwhlle some lgnoranL people sLarLed polnLlng ouL
flngers aL Lhe characLer of SlLa Srl 8ama declded Lo abandon SlLa ln Lhe foresL Lo quell Lhe
rumour SlLa was pregnanL aL LhaL Llme leellng plLy on her condlLlon valmlkl Look her Lo hls
hermlLage where SlLa gave blrLh Lo Lav and kush
Meanwhlle Srl 8ama declded Lo perform Ashwamedha ?agya aL Lhe bank of rlver ComaLl 8uL
slnce Lhe yagya could noL have been accompllshed wlLhouL SlLa Lherefore he performed Lhe
rlLuals seaLed beslde a golden ldol of SlLa ln Lhe mean Llme valmlkl arrlved Lhere accompanled
by SlLa Pe requesLed Srl 8ama Lo accepL SlLa vouchlng for her chasLlLy Srl 8ama Lold valmlkl
l am confldenL of SlLas chasLlLy buL she wlll have Lo prove her chasLlLy for Lhe saLlsfacLlon of
common peopleSlLa was deeply hurL by Srl 8amas unklnd remarks She saldMay moLher earLh
swallow me lf l
ever had LhoughL abouL any man oLher Lhan my lord Srl 8ama Pardly had SlLa flnlshed her llnes
Lhan Lhe earLh cracked and SlLa vanlshed lnLo LhaL crevlce Srl 8amas hearL was fllled wlLh
remorse buL Lhlnklng LhaL lL was perhaps ln hls desLlny Lo llve ln separaLlon wlLh SlLa reLurned Lo
Ayodhya accompanled by Lav and kush ln course of Llme kaushalya SumlLra and kalkeyl lefL
for heavenly abode Srl 8ama conLlnued Lo rule Ayodhya for 10000 more years
Cne day kala (deaLh) arrlved and remlnded Srl 8ama LhaL Lhe Llme had arrlved for hlm Lo leave
hls morLal body Meanwhlle Lakshman became aware of Srl 8amas declslon of leavlng hls
morLal body Pe gave up hls llfe by Laklng samadhl ln rlver Saryu Srl 8ama could noL bear Lhe
sorrow caused by Lakshmans bereavmenL Pe appolnLed Lav and kush as Lhe klngs of
uwarawaLl and kushawaLl respecLlvely and declded Lo leave for heavenly abode Srl 8ama
enLered Lhe waLer of rlver Saryu flowlng aL Lhe dlsLance of Lhree yo[ans from Ayodhya
S8l k8lSPnA
arvaLl requesLed Lord Mahadeva Lo narraLe Lhe dlvlne Lales of vasudeva krlshna Lord
Mahadeva replledvasudev was Lhe descendanL of yadu Pls faLher was uevameedha Pe was
marrled Lo uevaklLhe daughLer of ugrasenaugrasena also had a mlghLy son named kansa
kansa was exLremely affecLlonaLe Lowards hls slsLer uevakl AfLer her marrlage whlle uevakl
was golng Lo her husbands house on a charloL belng drlven by kansa suddenly a heavenly volce
was heard
kansa you would meeL deaLh aL Lhe hands of uevakls elghLh son
kansa became very scarred and wanLed Lo klll hls slsLer Lhen and Lhere 8uL vasudev requesLed
kansa Lo spare uevakls llfe and promlsed Lo hand over any chlld LhaL she gave blrLh Lo 1hus
kansa lmprlsoned boLh vasudev and uevaklln course of Llme uevakl gave blrLh Lo seven sons
and kansa kllled each of Lhem Lord Srl Parl manlfesLed hlmself when uevakl concelved for Lhe
elghLh Llme lL was Lhe monLh of Shravana and Lhe day was krlshnaashLaml when Srl Parl Look
hls lncarnaLlon aL mldnlghL Soon afLer Laklng hls lncarnaLlon he gave a gllmpse of hls dlvlne
form Lo vasudev and uevakl Cn Lhe lnsLrucLlon of Srl Parl vasudeva carrled Lhe lnfanL Lo
nands house Pe had no problem ln movlng ouL of Lhe prlson as all Lhe guards had fallen asleep
due Lo Lhe llluslon of Srl Parl
Cn seelng Lhe swlfL currenLs of overflooded yamuna vasudev became worrled 8uL Lhe level of
rlver ?amuna receded as soon as Srl krlshna Louched Lhe rlver wlLh hls feeL Sheshnag proLecLed
Srl krlshna from heavy raln wlLh hls Lhousand hoods When vasudev reached nands house he
found LhaL nands wlfe ?ashoda had glven blrLh Lo a baby glrl ?ashoda was sleeplng aL LhaL
Llme and vasudev had no problem ln exchanglng Srl krlshna wlLh LhaL baby glrl vasudev Lhen
reLurned Lo Lhe prlson and lald down Lhe baby glrl beslde uevakl
1he babyglrl sLarLed crylng and Lhe guards lmmedlaLely woke up 1hey lnformed kansa abouL
Lhe blrLh of uevakls elghLh chlld kansa Lrled Lo klll LhaL baby glrl by smashlng her head buL she
escaped from hls hands and flew up ln Lhe sky She Lhundered?our deaLh ls cerLaln as your
assasln has already Laken blrLh kansa was Lerrlfled aL Lhe prospecL of hls deaLh Pe lnsLrucLed hls
soldlers Lo klll all Lhe lnfanLs whereever Lhey were Lo be found ln hls klngdom Pe also ordered
Lhe release of vasudev and uevakl as Lhere was no polnL keeplng Lhem ln capLlvlLy Meanwhlle
Srl krlshna grew up under Lhe guardlanshlp of nand and ?ashoda
Cne day kansa senL a wlcked ogress named uLna Lo klll Srl krlshna uLma had applled polson
on her breasLs and Lrled Lo klll krlshna by breasLfeedlng hlm Srl krlshna sucked her breasL wlLh
such feroclLy LhaL she dled 1hus Srl krlshna gave Lhe flrsL gllmpse of hls dlvlnlLy Lo Lhe
lnhablLanLs of va[ra Srl krlshna accompllshed many such dlvlne deeds durlng hls chlldhood Pe
grew up Lo be a mlschleveous chlld and used Lo play numerous pranks on Lhe fellow Copls Pe
used Lo sLeal Lhelr buLLer and curd Cne day all Lhe Copls complalned Lo ?ashoda abouL Srl
krlshnas mlsdeeds ?ashoda became angry and Lled hlm wlLh a woodenmorLar ln order Lo
prevenL hlm from Lroubllng Lhe Copls She Lhen placed LhaL morLar beLween Lwo Lrees so LhaL
krlshna could noL move 8uL Srl krlshna Loddled away uprooLlng boLh Lhe huge Lrees
Cnce a demon named 8akasur dlsgulsed hlmself as a huge heron and Lrled Lo klll Srl krlshna
8uL Srl krlshna hlL hlm wlLh a sLone wlLh such force LhaL he meL an lnsLanL deaLh 1hls way Srl
krlshna had kllled many feroclous demons whlle he was sLlll a small chlld Some of Lhem well
kallyaLhe serpenL eLc uhenukasur ArlshL keshl eLc A slgnlflcanL lncldenL had occurred
durlng krlshnas chlldhood eople of vra[a were devoLees of lndra and used Lo worshlp hlm Srl
krlshna sLopped Lhls LradlLlon and encouraged people Lo worshlp Covardhan mounLaln lndra
became exLremely furlous and caused lncessanL raln for one week Srl krlshna proLecLed Lhe
people by llfLlng Covardhan mounLaln and shleldlng Lhem from Lhe conLlnuous downpour AL
lasL lndra accepLed defeaL and euloglzed Srl krlshna
klLLlnC Cl kAnSA
ConLlnulng wlLh Lhe dlvlne Lales of Srl krlshna Lord Mahadeva Lold arvaLlWhen kansa falled
ln hls repeaLed aLLempLs Lo klll Srl krlshna he lnsLrucLed Akrura Lo lnvlLe boLh krlshna and
8alarama Lo MaLhura on Lhe preLexL of aLLendlng a ceremony called uhanushyagya kansa had
planned Lo klll Srl krlshna by decelLful means Akrura was a greaL devoLee of Srl krlshna and
was aware of kansas evll lnLenLlons 8uL he had no oLher opLlon buL Lo follow Lhe command of
hls masLer kansa So Akrura wenL Lo vra[a where Srl krlshna and 8alarama used Lo llve
Srl krlshna and 8alarama were dellghLed Lo meeL Akrura AfLer Lhe formal exchange of
pleasanLarles krlshna Look Akrura Lo hls home Akrura conveyed Lhe lnsLrucLlons of kansa Lo
nanda and requesLed hlm Lo send boLh Srl krlshna and 8alarama Lo MaLhura Akrura saldSrl
krlshna ls Lhe lncarnaLlon of Lord vlshnu and kansa wlll be kllled by hlmnanda and ?ashoda
were relucLanL Lo send Srl krlshna Lo MaLhura buL Srl krlshna convlnced Lhem ulLlmaLely
Akrura reLurned Lo MaLhura accompanled by krlshna and 8alarama 1he people of vra[a became
sad when Lhe Llme for krlshnas deparLure Lo MaLhura arrlved
When Akrura reached MaLhura accompanled by Srl krlshna and 8alarama lL was already
evenlng Srl krlshna saw a dyer wlLh colourful apparels golng Lowards kansas palace Srl
krlshna playfully demanded some seL of cloLhes from LhaL dyer whlch he refused Lo glve Srl
krlshna was lnfurlaLed and slapped hlm so hard LhaL he sLarLed vomlLlng blood ln a shorL Llme
Lhe dyer was dead Srl krlshna and 8alarama chose some beauLlful seL of cloLhes for Lhemselves and
proceeded Lowards Lhe palace of kansa AfLer someLlme Lhey meL a crooked woman carrylng
sandalwoodpasLe Srl krlshna demanded some sandal wood pasLe from her whlch she gave
wlLhouL any heslLaLlon Srl krlshna blessed LhaL crooked woman as a resulL of whlch she was
cured of her physlcaldeformlLy
AL lasL boLh Srl krlshna and 8alarama reached Lhe oblaLlonslLe where uhanushyagya was
suppossed Lo be performed Srl krlshna llfLed Lhe dlvlne bow kepL Lhere and broke lL lnLo Lwo
pleces When kansa learnL LhaL Lhe dlvlne bow had been broken he ordered Chanur Lo klll
krlshna ln a wresLllngbouL kansa also forLlfled hls palace by poslLlonlng wlld elephanLs and
mlghLy warrlors aL all Lhe enLrancepolnLs Srl krlshna and 8alarama spenL Lhe nlghL aL Lhe
oblaLlonslLe ln Lhe mornlng boLh of Lhem proceeded Lowards Lhe palace Srl krlshna found an
elephanL named kuvalyapeeda sLandlng aL Lhe maln enLrance of Lhe palace Pe kllled LhaL
feroclous elephanL wlLhouL much dlfflculLy
Srl krlshna and 8alarama Lhen enLered Lhe gymnaslum where wresLllngbouLs were supposed Lo
Lake place All Lhe demons Lhose who had wlLnessed Srl krlshna kllllng LhaL huge elephanL
wlLhouL any problem became Lerrlfled and fled away from Lhe gymnaslum Srl krlshna and
8alarama enLered Lhe chamber of kansa kansa became Lerrlfled and ordered hls LrusLed
llenLenanLsChanur and MushLlk Lo klll krlshnaChanur confronLed Srl krlshna whlle MushLlk
foughL a duel wlLh 8alarama ulLlmaLely boLh Lhe demons were kllled afLer a flerce duel now
kansa was lefL all alone Srl krlshna pulled kansa from Lhe Lhrone where he was slLLlng and
slapped hlm so hard LhaL he fell down on Lhe ground 1he ln[ury proved Lo be faLal and as a resulL
kansa dled 8alarama also kllled kansas younger broLher whose named was Sunama
AfLer kllllng kansa krlshna and 8alarama wenL Lo meeL Lhelr parenLsvasudev and uevakl
1hey also freed Lhelr maLernal grandfaLher ugrasena who had been lmprlsloned by kansa AL
lasL Lhey appolnLed ugrasena as Lhe klng of MaLhura
!A8ASAnuP
!arasandh was Lhe faLherlnlaw of kansa When he learnL abouL kansa deaLh he surrounded
MaLhura wlLh a huge army Srl krlshna was well aware of !arasandhs mlghL and bravery Pe
was also convlnced LhaL lL would noL be easy Lo defeaL !arasandh So he remembered uarukhls
eLernal charloLeer and soughL hls help uaruk appeared wlLh a dlvlne charloL named Sugrlva
pushpak 1he charloL was well armed wlLh all Lhe dlvlne weapons of lord vlshnu
Srl krlshna and 8alarama Lhen enLered Lhe baLLlefled mounLed on LhaL dlvlne charloL A flerce
baLLle was foughL beLween Srl krlshna and !arasandhs army !arasandh covered krlshna charloL
wlLh hls varlous weapons buL Srl krlshna desLroyed Lhem wlLh hls Chakra Srl krlshna Lhen
desLroyed !arasandhs army by showerlng volley of arrows from hls famous bowSharang
Seelng Lhe deaLh and desLrucLlon ln hls army !arasandh came forward Lo flghL 8alarama
8alarama aLLacked !arasandh wlLh hls dangerous weaponPala (plough) and desLroyed hls
charloL !arasandh fell down on Lhe ground and as 8alarama was abouL Lo klll hlm Srl krlshna
requesLed 8alarama noL Lo klll !arasandh AfLer belng defeaLed !arasandh soughL Lhe help of kalyan
who had a large army kalyavan agreed Lo help !arasandh and surrounded MaLhura wlLh
hls army
8eallzlng LhaL MaLhura was no longer a safe place Lo llve Srl krlshna shlfLed Lhe whole
populaLlon of MaLhura Lo uwarka and wenL Lo flghL kalyavan 1he baLLle conLlnued for a long
perlod and afLer reallzlng LhaL lL was noL easy Lo defeaL hls enemy Srl krlshna ran Lowards Lhe
cave where Muchkund had been sleeplng slnce many pasL eras Muchkund was blessed wlLh a
boon accordlng Lo whlch any person upon whom he puL hls glance afLer waklng from hls sleep
would dle krlshna hld hlmself behlnd Muchkund kalyavan who was chaslng krlshna enLered
Lhe cave and klcked Muchkund Muchkund opened hls eyes and saw kalyavan kalyavan was
burnL Lo ashes 1hls way Srl krlshna was able Lo defeaL hls powerful enemy by hls cleverness
A8uuC1lCn Cl 8ukMlnl
Lord Mahadeva Lold arvaLl When !arasandh learnL abouL kalyavans deaLh he aLLacked
8alarama Lo avenge hls frlends deaLh 8uL very soon he reallzed LhaL lL was beyond hls capaclLy
Lo defeaL 8alarama so he reLreaLed alongwlLh hls army Srl krlshna and 8alarama reLurned Lo
uwarkaln course of Llme 8alarama marrled 8evaLlLhe daugher of 8alvaL AL LhaL Llme Lhere
ruled a klng named 8hlsmak Pe ruled over vldarbha Pe had a beauLlful daughLer named
8ukmlnl Pe also had many sons among whom 8ukml was promlnenL
8ukml wanLed 8umlnl Lo geL marrled Lo Shlshupal much agalnsL her wlshes 8ukmlnl belng an
lncarnaLlon of goddess Lakshml rlghLly wanLed o have Srl krlshna as her husband 8ukmlnl senL
a message Lo Srl krlshna abouL her broLhers lnLenLlon Srl krlshna wenL Lo help her
accompanled by 8alarama Srl krlshna reached vldarbha on Lhe same day 8ukmlnl was
supposed Lo marry Shlshupal and abducLed her Lo uwarka !arasandh and 8ukml chased
krlshnas charloL buL 8alarama defeaLed !arasandh whlle Srl krlshna fasLened 8ukml wlLh Lhe
charloL Srl krlshna also shaved off 8ukmls halr whlch fllled hlm wlLh so much of shame LhaL
he declded noL Lo reLurn Lo vldarbhaAfLer reachlng uwarka Srl krlshna marrled 8ukmlnl on an
ausplclous day
S8l k8lSPnAS CuLLnS
ConLlnulng wlLh Lhe dlvlne Lales of Srl krlshna Lord Mahadeva Lold arvaLlSrl krlshna had 16
Lhousand queens among whom SaLyabhama kallndl MlLravlnda eLc were promlnenL klng
SaLLa[lL had a prlceless dlamond namedSyamanLak whlch he had presenLed Lo hls younger
broLherrasena Srl krlshna was fasclnaLed by LhaL dlamond and demanded lL from rasena
whlch he refused Lo parL wlLh
Cne day Srl krlshna alongwlLh rasena and oLher ?adavas wenL lnLo Lhe foresL for hunLlng
Whlle chaslng a deer rasena seceded from hls group and was kllled by a llon 1he llon Look Lhe
dlamond and sLarLed playlng wlLh lL lncldenLally !ambavanwho had once foughL along wlLh Srl
8ama agalnsL 8avana saw Lhe llon playlng wlLh Lhe dlamond Pe kllled LhaL llon and Look Lhe
dlamond ln hls possesslonWhen Srl krlshna reLurned Lo uwarka he was surprlsed by a sLrange rumour
whlch pervaded
Lhe whole clLy Some people suspecLed LhaL Srl krlshna had kllled rasena for Lhe dlamond Srl
krlshna was very much dlsLrlbuLed by Lhls baseless rumour 1o clear Lhe doubLs he wenL lnLo Lhe
foresL accompanled by all Lhe resldenLs of uwarka and showed Lhe dead body of rasena whlch
was sLlll lylng Lhere When people saw Lhe muLllaLed corpse of rasena whlch bore marks of Lhe
llons claws and canlnes Lhey became convlnced of Srl krlshnas lnnocense
Whlle reLurnlng back Lo uwarka Srl krlshna saw an effulgenL cave Srl krlshna was very
surprlsed and wanLed Lo flnd ouL Lhe source of llghL Pe enLered Lhe cave and saw rasenas
dlamond hanglng on Lop of a cradle ln whlch a chlld was lylng A woman was slnglng a lulaby
so LhaL Lhe chlld falls asleep1he llon kllled rasena whlle !ambavan kllled Lhe llon and
acqulred Lhls dlamond from lLs possesslon C chlld! uonL cry as Lhls prlceless dlamond belongs
Lo your faLherSrl krlshna furlously blew hls conch !ambavan came ouL from Lhe cave afLer
llsLenlng Lo Lhe sound of Lhe conch A flerce duel Look place beLween Lhem whlch conLlnued for
Len days AL lasL !ambavan reallzed LhaL Lhe person agalnsL whom he was flghLlng was none
oLher Lhan Srl 8ama hlmself !ambhavan Lhen gave hls daughLer!ambavaLl Lo krlshna ln
marrlage and gave loL of wealLh as dowry lncludlng LhaL SyamanLak dlamond 8hadrara[ had
Lhree daughLersSulakshamana nagna[lLl and Susheela Srl krlshna had marrled all Lhree of
Lhem ln a Swayamwara 1hls way Srl krlshna had alLogeLher elghL promlnenL queen consorLs
8ukmlnl SaLyabhama kallndl MlLravlnda !ambavaLl nagna[lLl Sulakshamana and Susheela
1here llved a mlghLy demon named narakasur Pe had defeaLed Lhe delLles and snaLched Lhe
dlvlne earrlngs of AdlLlLhe moLher of delLles Pe had creaLed an aerlal clLy ln whlch he llved
alongwlLh oLher demons 1he delLles wenL Lo Srl krlshna and soughL hls help Srl krlshna flew up
ln Lhe sky mounLed on Lhe back of Caruda SaLyabhama was also accompanylng hlm Srl krlshna
was amazed Lo see Lhe well forLlfled palace of narakasur When Lhe demons saw Srlkrlshna Lhey
aLLacked hlm buL Srl krlshna challenged Lhem by blowln hls conch narakasur came forward Lo
flghL Srl krlshna A flerce baLLle Look place ln whlch Srl krlshna broke narakasurs bow wlLh hls
arrows ulLlmaLely Srl krlshna was successful ln kllllng narakasur
Srl krlshna Lhen reLurned Lhe whole wealLh Lo Lhe delLles whlch narakasur had looLed from
Lhem Pe also llberaLed slxLeen Lhousand women whom narakasur had lmprlsoned AfLer belng
llberaLed all Lhe women accepLed Srl krlshna as Lhelr husband
Anl8uuPA MA88lLS uSPA
Lord Mahadeva conLlnued wlLh Lhe dlvlne Lales of Srl krlshnaC arvaLl! Srl krlshna had a son
from 8ukmlnl whose name was Anlruddha Anlruddha was very brave and had kllled a demon
named Shambasur 1here ls an lnLeresLlng Lale how Anlruddha marrled usha
Cnce ushaLhe daughLer of 8anasur saw a very handsome young man ln her dreams She was
so lnfaLuaLed by hls handsome personallLy LhaL she developed a deep deslre of marrylng hlm
When she woke up nexL mornlng she expressed her deslre Lo her companlonChlLralekha
ChlLralekha was an accompllshed palnLer She drew a skeLch of a handsome man as per Lhe
descrlpLlons of usha When Lhe palnLlng was ready ChlLralekha revealed Lo usha LhaL Lhe preson
who she had seen ln her dream was none oLher Lhan AnlruddhaChlLralekha had dlvlne powers She
wenL Lo uwarka and abducLed Anlruddha whlle he was
asleep She Lhen carrled Anlruddha and lald hlm on Lhe bed of usha When usha woke up she
was Lhrllled Lo see Lhe man of her dreams Anlruddha remalned Lhere for many days wlLhouL
8anasur belng aware of hls presence Cne day 8anasur came Lo know abouL Anlruddhas
presence Pe became furlous and lmprlsoned Anlruddha Sage narada lnformed Srl krlshna
abouL Anlruddhas lmprlsonmenL Srl krlshna wenL Lo flghL a baLLle agalnsL 8anasur and release
Anlruddha from hls lmprlsonmenL AlLhough Srl krlshna was leadlng a large army and was
accompanled by mlghLy warrlors llke 8aldeva and radyumna yeL he was aware LhaL lL was noL
easy Lo flghL 8anasur who had one Lhousand arms and whom Lord Shlva had vowed Lo proLecL
A flerce baLLle commenced beLween Lhe armles of Srl krlshna and Lord Shlva 1he baLLle
remalned lndeclslve for a long Llme Meanwhlle 8anasur came forward Lo flghL agalnsL Srl
krlshna very soon Srl krlshna severed all Lhe Lhousand hands of 8anasur wlLh hls chakra Lord
Shlva Lhen requesLed Srl krlshna Lo spare 8anasurs llfe and sald 8anasur has recelved Lhe boon
of lmmorLallLy from me now only you can proLecL Lhe dlgnlLy of my boon glven Lo hlm Srl
krlshna spared 8anasurs llfe 8anasur Lhen agreed Lo marry hls daughLer Lo Anlruddha 1hls way
Anlruddha marrled usha wlLh greaL fanfare
1PL uLCLlnL Cl ?Auu u?nAS1?
arvaLl was llsLenlng Lo Lhe dlvlne Lales of Srl krlshna wlLh rapL aLLenLlon Lord Mahadeva Lold
arvaLl aundrak was Lhe klng of kashl Pe dld an ausLere penance for Lwelve years Lo please
me When l appeared before hlm he requesLed me Lo make hls appearance look llke Srl krlshna
l blessed hlm wlLh an appearance slmllar Lo LhaL of Srl krlshna eople became confused as Lo
who Lhe real krlshna was
Cne day narada arrlved aL kashl and casLlgaLed aundrak by saylng LhaL hls lnLenLlon of
befoollng people would noL meeL success as long as real krlshna was allve aundrak wenL Lo
uwarka wlLh a large army and challenged Srl krlshna for a duel Srl krlshna severed Lhe
lmpersonaLors head wlLh hls chakra Meanwhlle !arasandh conLlnued Lo LormenL Lhe yadavas Srl
krlshna declded Lo seLLle Lhe maLLer for once and all Pe advlsed 8hlma Lo challenge !arasandh
for a wresLllngbouL
!arasandh and 8hlma foughL vallanLly for 27 days Whlle boLh of Lhem were flghLlng Srl krlshna
slgnalled 8hlma Lo Lear aparL !arasandhs Lhlghs AfLer Lhe kllllng of !arasandh Srl krlshna
released all Lhe klngs who had been lmprlsoned by hlm AfLer Lhe greaL war of MahabharaLa had
ended ?udhlsLhlra declded Lo perform a 8a[asuyayagya aL lndraprashLh Srl krlshna also wenL
Lhere Lo bless Lhe andavas Shlshupal was also presenL aL Lhe ceremony Pe had an old grudge
agalnsL Srl krlshna and sLarLed abuslng hlm lnlLlally krlshna Lrled Lo overlook hls abuses buL
when slLuaLlon wenL beyond repalr Srl krlshna severed hls head wlLh hls chakra
uanLavakLra aLLacked MaLhura Lo avenge Lhe deaLh of Shlshupal A long baLLle was foughL aL Lhe
bank of rlver yamuna whlch conLlnued for many days ulLlmaLely Srl krlshna was successful ln
kllllng uanLavakLra wlLh hls mace 1here was a chlldhood frlend of Srl krlshna whose name was
Sudama Pe was a poor brahmln Cnce he wenL Lo meeL Srl krlshna Srl krlshna belng an
lncarnaLlon of Lhe almlghLy lmmedlaLely undersLood Lhe precarlous slLuaLlon hls poor frlend was llvlng
ln Pe blessed Sudama as a resulL of whlch he goL rld of hls poverLy and became
prosperous Srl krlshna had one crore sons from hls slxLeen Lhousand queens radyumna was
hls eldesL son 1he ?adavas domlnaLed Lhe whole earLh and had become arroganL afLer belng
lnLoxlcaLed by Lhelr power 1here ls an lnLeresLlng Lale how Lhls powerful ?adava dynasLy meL
Lhelr downfall
Cnce some young ?adavas played a prank wlLh Sage kanva whlch caused Lhe downfall of Lhe
?adavas Cne day some ?adva chlldren wenL aL Lhe bank of rlver narmada where sage kanva
was dolng penance Samba was one of Lhose ?adava chlldren Pe dlsgulsed hlmself as a
pregnanL woman by keeplng a pesLle under hls cloLhes All Lhe ?adava chlldren Lhen wenL near
Sage kanva and asked hlm as Lo when was Lhe pregnanL woman supposed Lo dellver a chlld Sage
kanva furlously cursed Lhem LhaL Lhe whole clan of ?adavas would be llquldaLed because of LhaL
very pesLle All Lhe chlldren were scarred and Lold Srl krlshna abouL Lhe mlsLake Lhey had made
Srl krlshna ordered LhaL Lhe lron pesLle be crushed Lo powder and be Lhrown lnLo a pond 8uL
LhaL was noL Lhe end of Lhe maLLer as long reeds grew all around Lhe pond 1he reeds had very
sharp edges A flsh swallowed a small parL of LhaL lron pesLle and was subsequenLly caughL by a
fowler who reLrleved LhaL lronplece from Lhe flsh and flxed lL on Lhe Lop of hls arrow
ln course of Llme all Lhe ?adavas developed enemlLy among Lhemselves and kllled each oLher
wlLh Lhose sharpedged reeds Cnce Srl krlshna was Laklng resL under Lhe shade of kalpa Lree
1he fowler mlsLook hls plnk fooL Lo be LhaL of a deer and plerced lL wlLh hls arrow When Lhe
fowler arrlved aL Lhe spoL he found Srl krlshna ln an ln[ured condlLlon 1he fowler regreLLed hls
acLlon and begged for Srl krlshnas pardon Srl krlshna consoled Lhe fowler by saylng LhaL he
had commlLLed no crlme Meanwhlle uaruk arrlved Lhere on hls charloL Srl krlshna lnsLrucLed
uaruk Lo call Ar[una as soon as posslble Ar[una arrlved aL Lhe slLe wlLhln a shorL Llme Srl
krlshna Lold Ar[una1he Llme for my flnal deparLure has arrlved lease call all my elghL queen
consorLs
Ar[una rushed Lowards uwarka Lo summon Lhe queens buL Srl krlshna had already lefL for hls
heavenly abode before he could come back wlLh Lhe queens Ar[una lnformed Lhe queens abouL
Srl krlshnas ln[ury ln a shorL Llme Lhe news spread llke a wlld flre and all Lhe resldenLs of
uwarka rushed Lowards Lhe slLe of lncldenL AfLer reachlng Lhere Lhe elghL queens of krlshna
found LhaL Lhelr beloved husband had already deparLed All of Lhem gave up Lhelr llves and unlLed
wlLh Srl krlshna 1he greaL ?adavas llke vasudev ugrasena and Akrura followed sulL 8alarama
could noL bear Lhe sorrow caused by Srl krlshnas separaLlon and he gave up hls llfe Pls wlfe
8evaLl enLered Lhe burnlng pyre wlLh her husbands body ln her lap Slmllarly all Lhe resL of Srl
krlshnas famlly members llke 8ukmls daughLer radyumna usha and Anlruddha lefL for
heavenly abode
Ar[una performed Lhe lasL rlLe of all Lhe dead ?adavas LvenLually uwaraka goL submerged lnLo
Lhe ocean 1hus Srl krlshna afLer havlng llberaLed Lhe earLh from all Lhe slnners lefL hls morLal
body AfLer compleLlng hls sLory Lord Mahadeva Lold arvaLl LhaL Srl krlshna Lakes lncarnaLlon
whenever Lhere ls predomlnance of sln or slnners Pe also revealed Lo her LhaL Srl krlshna would
lncarnaLe as kalkl aL Lhe fag end of kall ?uga Lo llquldaLe Lhe mlechchhas
8l1uALS Cl vlSPnu WC8SPluescrlblng abouL Lhe rlLuals connecLed wlLh Lhe worshlp of lord vlshnu
lord Mahadeva Lold
arvaLl A devoLee can worshlp Lord vlshnu by maklng hls ldol 1hls mode of worshlp ls
known as SLhaplLa (lnsLallaLlon of an ldol) 1here are also some sacred places relaLed wlLh lord
vlshnu whlch are called SwayamvyakaLa (self manlfesLed) llke lndradyumna Sarovar (kurma
sLhan) kashl rayag uwarka nalmlsharanya MaLhura eLc ln all Lhese holy places Lord
vlshnu had manlfesLed hlmself A devoLee should geL up early ln Lhe mornlng and perform
achaman Pe should Lhen chanL Lhe holy name of Lord vlshnu Pe should Lake hls baLh and slL
down Lo worshlp Lord vlshnu
A devoLee should lnsLall ldols of Lakshmlnarayana on a beauLlful pedesLal and adorn lL wlLh
flowers Pe should Lhen make offerlngs of varlous arLlcles llke akshaL frulLs flowers eLc Lo Lhe
delLy Whlle worshlpplng lL ls mosL necessary LhaL a devoLee followes Lhe rlLuals as menLloned ln
Lhe anclenL scrlpLures llke ShruLl SmrlLl vedas eLc Pe should chanL Lhe shlokas of urushaSukLa as well
as Lhe crypLlc manLra for Lhe accompllshmenL of Shodashopachar Pe should llghL
a ghee lamp and make offerlngs of arLlcles llke camphor and beLel leaves Lo Lord vlshnu Whlle
maklng offerlngs ln Lhe sacrlflclalflre chanLlng of a shloka elLher from urushasukLa or SrlsukLa
ls mandaLory
1here are some speclflc days whlch are consldered Lo be speclally ausplclous for Lhe worshlp of
lord vlshnuAmavasya SaLurday solar ecllpse lunar ecllpse eLc
LC8u vlSPnu1PL ALMlCP1? CCu
uescrlblng abouL Lhe superlorlLy of Lord vlshnu among Lhe LrlnlLy Cods Sage vashlshLha
narraLed Lhe followlng Laleuurlng anclenL Llmes Swayambhuva manu had once gone Lo
Mandarachal mounLaln Lo perform a yagya Many scholars and learned men had come Lo aLLend
LhaL yagya very soon Lhey goL lnLo a debaLe as Lo who was Lhe supreme among all Lhe delLles
Some of Lhem euloglsed Lhe greaLness of 8rahma whlle some sald LhaL lord Shlva was Lhe
greaLesL of all Lhe delLles lalllng Lo come Lo any concluslon all of Lhem requesLed Sage 8hrlgu Lo
flnd ouL as Lo who was Lhe greaLesL among Lhe LrlnlLy Cods
Sage 8hrlgu wenL Lo meeL Lord Shlva aL kallash mounLaln Pe saw nandl sLandlng guard aL Lhe
maln enLrance Sage 8hrlgu arroganLly ordered nandl Lo lnform Lord Shlva of hls arrlval nandl
refused Lo comply wlLh 8hrlgus command Sage 8hrlgu cursed Lord Shlva by saylng?our
masLer Shlva would bear Lhe consequences of showlng dlsrespecL Lo me lrom Loday onwards
people would make offerlngs of forbldden arLlcles Lo hlm
Sage 8hrlgu Lhen wenL Lo meeL Lord 8rahma AfLer reachlng 8rahmaloka he made saluLaLlons Lo
lord 8rahmaLord 8rahma also dld noL glve any respecL Lo Sage 8hrlgu and neglecLed hlm Sage
8hrlgu became furlous and cursed Lord 8rahma8elng lnLoxlcaLed by your 8a[oguna you
have shown dlsrespecL Lo me lrom Loday onwards people wlll noL worhslp you Sage 8hrlgu
Lhen wenL Lo meeL Lord vlshnu aL hls abode ksheersagar Pe dld noL have any problem ln
reachlng Lhe place where Lord vlshnu was Laklng resL on Sheshnag engrossed ln hls yoganldra
Coddess Lakshml was presslng vlshnus legs wlLh LoLal devoLlon Sage 8hrlgu klcked Lord
vlshnu on hls chesL Lord vlshnu woke up and seelng sage 8hrlgu saldC CreaL 8rahmln! ?our Lender
fooL musL have goL hurL because of my chesL whlch ls as hard as va[ra Pow blessed
l am Lo have been Louched by a brahmlns fooL
Lord vlshnu goL up and euloglsed Sage 8hrlgu 1hls gesLure of Lord vlshnu made Sage 8hrlgu
cry ln [oy now he was convlnced as Lo who was Lhe supreme among all Lhe Lhree delLles Sage
8hrlgu reLurned Lo Mandarachal mounLaln where all Lhe sages were anxlously walLlng for hlm
Pe declared
Lord 8rahma ls Lhe possesser of 8a[oguna whlle Lord Shlva possesses Lamoguna Cnly Lord
vlshnu ls Lhe proud possessor of SaLvaguna and hence Pe ls Lhe supreme among all Lhree of
Lhem AfLer flnlshlng hls Lale Sage vashlshLha Lold Lhe sages LhaL anybody who worshlps Lord
vlshnu wlLh compleLe falLh and LoLal devoLlon become llberaLed from all hls slns A devoLee of
Lord vlshnu aLLalns Lo vlshnu Loka afLer hls deaLh
A8SPu8AMA
uescrlblng Lord vlshnus lncarnaLlon as arshurama Lord Mahadeva Lold arvaLlSage
!amadagnl came from Lhe llneage of 8hrlgu Pe had pleased lndra by hls Lremendous penance
and recelved Surabhl cow ln reLurn ln course of Llme he marrled Lhe daughLer of klng 8enuk
whose name was 8enuka A chlld was born Lo Lhem who was named 8ama by Sage 8hrlgu
1he chlld was also known as !amadganya because of !amdagnl
AfLer growlng up 8ama became proflclenL ln all Lhe scrlpLures Pe also masLered varlous
weaponarles Cne day Lhe klng of Palhaya named Ar[una arrlved aL Lhe hermlLage of !amadagnl
Sage !amdagnl LreaLed Lhe klng wlLh due honor and respecL Pe presenLed numerous glfLs Lo Lhe
klng Ar[una wanLed noLhlng else buL Lhe Surabhlcow from Sage !amdagnl whlch he was
unwllllng Lo parL away wlLh ulLlmaLely Ar[una forclbly Look away Lhe dlvlne cow 1he cow was
unwllllng Lo go alongwlLh Ar[una and she aLLacked hls army wlLh her sharp horns As a resulL
Ar[unas whole army was llquldaLed wlLhln no Llme 1he revengeful Ar[una kllled !amadagnl AL
Lhe Llme of Lhls lncldenL 8ama was noL presenL ln Lhe hermlLage
8ama wanLed Lo avenge hls faLhers deaLh and dld a Lremendous penance Lo please Lord vlshnu
Lord vlshnu became pleased by hls devoLlon and presenLed many dlvlne weapons Lo hlm 1he
weapons lncluded Lhe famous axearshu and valshnavbow AfLer acqulrlng arshu from Lord
vlshnu 8ama became famous as arshurama Pe had vowed Lo klll all Lhe kshaLrlyas whlch he
dld only Lhe clan of lkshavaku was spared by hlm as he had promlsed hls moLher LhaL he would
noL harm lkshavaku and hls clan
AfLer freelng Lhe earLh from Lhe Lerror of kshaLrlyas arshurama performed an Ashwamedha ?agya and
donaLed hls whole klngdom Lo Lhe brahmlns Pe Lhen wenL Lo do penance aL Lhe hermlLage of
narnarayan
Pome
3 vlSPnu u8AnAA81 CnL
CPA1L8 CnL ln18CuuC1lCn Anu C8lCln Cl 1PL
unlvL8SL
Sage arashar Lhe exponenL of vlshnu urana had narraLed Lhls LreaLlse Lo MalLreya Sage SuLa
lnherlLed lL from MalLreya 1he LexL presenLed here ls narraLed by SuLa
SuLa says Cne day MalLreya greeLed sage arashar and sald Curudev you have sLudled all Lhe
scrlpLures l wlsh Lo hear Lhe Lale of unlverses orlgln from you Pow wlll be Lhe ages LhaL are
abouL Lo come? WhaL ls Lhe reason for Lhls whole creaLlon? Who creaLed lL? Where dld lL exlsL?
Whom dld lL mlngle wlLh? And wlLh whom lL wlll annlhllaLe evenLually? AparL from Lhese l also
wlsh Lo hear abouL Lhe expanslon of faLhomless sky orlgln of ocean and mounLalns orlgln of
earLh expanslon of Lhe Sun dlvlslon of Llme ln four ages ralaya rellglon sages klngs creaLlon
of vedas by veda vyasa orlgln of four classes ln socleLy and sysLem of four ashramas ln ones
llfe
arashar says MalLreya you have remlnded me Loday of Lhe descrlpLlon once made by my
grandfaLher vashlshLa When l learnL LhaL Lhe monsLer whlch was creaLed by vlshwamlLra had
devoured my faLher l grew qulLe angry and sLarLed a ?agya Lo desLroy all Lhe monsLers 1he
?agya desLroyed such a large number of monsLers LhaL Lhe whole race began Lo face Lhe fear of
exLlncLlon My grandfaLher consoled me LhaL Loo much anger was noL good and LhaL all Lhe
monsLers could noL be blamed for my faLhers deaLh Accordlng Lo my grandfaLher my faLher was
sure Lo face such a faLe ulLlmaLely Cnly Lhe fools geL angry A human belng bears Lhe frulL of hls
deeds hlmself C son! Anger desLroys all Lhe vlrLues of penance Pence asceLlcs always shun
anger Pence sLop Lhls ?agya for forglvlng has always been Lhe vlrLue of asceLlcs
1hus convlnced by my grandfaLher l sLopped Lhe ?agya AL Lhe same Llme 8rahmas son
ulasLya arrlved Lhere and sald uesplLe your anger you forgave Lhe monsLers when convlnced
by your grandfaLher vashlshLa ?ou wlll learn all Lhe scrlpLures and glve commenLarles on
uranas ?ou wlll also learn Lhe real appearance of Lhe gods vashlshLa also endorsed Lhese
words of ulasLya
C MalLreya! now l narraLe Lo you Lhe whole conLenLs of urana 1hls whole unlverse has
orlglnaLed from Lord vlshnu lL ls exlsLlng wlLhln Plm and wlll annlhllaLe ln Plm evenLually
arashar says 1he LrlnlLy of 8rahma vlshnu and Mahesh ls also known as Lhe creaLor Lhe
preserver and Lhe desLroyer All of Lhem save Lhe devoLees All of Lhem have equal lmporLance
SLlll preserver who fosLers and proLecLs all Lhe llvlng belngs ls far more slgnlflcanL l saluLe Lo
Plm and narraLe Lhe Lale LhaL was once narraLed by 8rahma Lo all Lhe uakshas uakshas had
narraLed Lhls Lale Lo Lhe klng urukuLsa aL Lhe bank of Lhe rlver narmada ln Lurn urukuLsa
narraLed Lhls Lale Lo SaraswaL who narraLed lL Lo me
C 8rahmln! Lord ls eLernal and endless Pence orlgln of unlverse lLs exlsLence and annlhllaLlon
are also unendlng processes uurlng Lhe perlod of ralaya Lhe naLure exlsLs ln a sLaLe of equlllbrlum lL ls
durlng Lhls perlod LhaL urusha (mascullne forces of creaLlon) separaLes from
rakrlLl (femlnlne forces of creaLlon) and kalroop of vlshnu (eLernal unendlng form of Lhe Lord)
ls manlfesLed Lord vlshnu ls beyond all Lhe bondlng of llfe llke blrLh growLh lnLelllgence
senses decay and deaLh urusha ls Lhe flrsL appearance of Lord vlshnu rakrlLl ls Lhe
manlfesLaLlon of Pls acLlon whlle kalroop ls Pls supreme appearance
uurlng Lhe ralaya Lhere was nelLher day nor nlghL nelLher earLh nor sky and nelLher darkness
nor llghL AL Lhe subsldence of ralaya wlLh Pls deslre Lhe Lord enLered Lhe urusha who ls
beyond all bondlng Pls enLry sLlmulaLed Lhe process of creaLlon llrsL of all a slngle greaL
elemenL orlglnaLed encompasslng all Lhe oLher lesser elemenLs lrom Lhls greaL elemenL
orlglnaLed Lhree egos SaLLvlc 8a[as and 1amas 1amas creaLed sky wlLh sound as Lhe maln
vlrLue 1he sky Lhen creaLed Lhe sense of Louch 1ouch produced alr Pence Louch ls Lhe maln
feaLure of alr no one can see alr buL only have an experlence of lL Lhrough Louch Alr creaLed
8upa whlch gave blrLh Lo flre wlLh 8upa as lLs maln vlrLue llre gave blrLh Lo LasLe 1asLe
produced waLer wlLh LasLe as lLs maln properLy lrom waLer orlglnaLed scenL whlch produced
earLh wlLh scenL as Lhe maln feaLure 1hese senses have no speclal expresslon
1he ego 8a[as produced Len sense organs whereas Lhe rullng delLles of Lhese organs were
produced by SaLLvlc ego 1hus Lhe Len delLles who rule Len sense organs and Lhe elevenLh enLlLy
mlnd are SaLLvlc ln naLure Skln eyes ears nose and Longue Lhese flve organs ald Lhe mlnd ln lLs
funcLlon C MalLreya! Anus sex organs hands legs and speech organs are Lhe flve organs LhaL
help ln acLlon Works llke excreLlon reproducLlon movemenL and speech are carrled ouL wlLh Lhe
help of Lhese flve organs All Lhe flve elemenLs llke sky alr flre waLer and earLh are full of
emoLlons Pence Lhey are also known Lo have a speclal slgnlflcance
All Lhese elemenLs have dlfferenL and dlsLlncL powers WlLhouL Lhelr comblnaLlon creaLlon of Lhe
unlverse was lmposslble ln Lhe beglnnlng all Lhese elemenLs were presenL ln Lhe greaL ball or
egg whlch came lnLo exlsLence because of Lhe lnsplraLlon of Lhe Lord As Lhls ball lncreased ln
slze lL formed Lhe base as rakrlLl ln whlch Lord vlshnu Plmself enLered as Plranyagarbh
When Lhe unlverse comes lnLo exlsLence Lord vlshnu fosLers lL Llll Lhe end of kalpa AL Lhe end
of kalpa Lord vlshnu Plmself devours Lhe enLlre physlcal elemenLs ln 8udra appearance
uurlng LhaL Llme Pe lnundaLes Lhe enLlre unlverse and Plmself sleeps on Shesha ln ksheersagar
When he awakes once agaln Pe beglns Lhe process of creaLlon ln Lhe appearance of 8rahma
CPA1L8 1WC 8l81P Cl 88APMA Anu LA81P
SAvLu 8? vA8APA
AL Lhe end of Lhe prevlous kalpa when 8rahma awakened from hls long slumber he saw all Lhe
worlds devold of everyLhlng WlLh a deslre Lo save Lhe earLh from Lhe depLh of unfaLhomable
lnundaLlon Pe Look Lhe appearance of varaha LnLerlng Lhe waLer Pe reached aLala loka
Seelng Plm Lhe earLh prayed Plm wlLh respecL Pearlng her prayers Lhe Lord roared wlLh
frlghLenlng sound 1hen Pe supporLed Lhe earLh on Pls greaL lnclsors and came ouL from Lhe
abysmal depLh When Pe was rlslng Pls breaLh produced blg sprays of waLer whlch drenched slnless
sages whlle Lhe force of Pls breaLh frlghLened common creaLures When Lhe Lord
emerged from Lhe waLer all Lhe sages prayed Plm wlLh reverence and respecL
very soon Lhe Lord lnsLalled Lhe earLh aL a poslLlon far above Lhe unendlng sLreLches of waLer
1hen Lord carved ouL Lhe Lopographlcal feaLures on earLh and dlvlded lL lnLo many dlvlslons and
creaLed all Lhe four worlds 1hen Lord vlshnu ln Lhe gulse of 8rahma carrled ouL Lhe process of
creaLlon
As soon as 8rahma LhoughL of creaLlon 1amogunl (full of darkness) creaLures were Lhe flrsL Lo
appear Absence of knowledge and presence of evlls llke aLLachmenL anger eLc were Lhe maln
vlrLues of Lhese creaLures 1hese creaLures lnclude lower organlsms Lrees shrubs creepers
planLs and grasses 1hese LogeLher consLlLuLe Lhe prlmlLlve world 1helr creaLlon was followed by
Lhe appearance of anlmals and blrds whlch are devold of wlsdom and are full of ego 1hey are
also unaware of Lhe naLure of anoLher organlsm of Lhelr sLaLus
SLlll unsaLlsfled wlLh Pls creaLlon Lord creaLed Lhe nexL world whlch has a somewhaL elevaLed
poslLlon 1he llvlng belngs LhaL were produced ln Lhls world had lnLernal and exLernal knowledge
power of reflecLlon and loved physlcal comforLs 1hough Lhls creaLlon pleased Lhe Lord Pe was
sLlll unsaLlsfled So Pe creaLed Lhe nexL world whlch was slLuaLed aL a somewhaL lower poslLlon
1hls new world had excess of all Lhe Lhree vlrLues Puman belngs populaLe Lhls world and
because of excess of vlces Lhey are full of sorrow buL aL Lhe same Llme hlghly acLlve have
lnLernal and exLernal knowledge and are able Lo aLLaln Lhelr goals
1he flrsL few creaLlons had resulLed from Lhe LhoughLs of Lhe Lord lor Lhe creaLlon of Lhe gods
Lhe demons lLraganas human belngs and waLer Lhe Lord declded Lo use Pls body 1hus Lhe
demons were Lhe flrsL Lo emerge from Pls Lhlghs 1he Lord Lhen shed Pls dark body whlch
formed Lhe nlghL 1hen from Pls mouLh Lhe Lord produced Lhe gods who had SaLLvlc vlrLues
1he Lord Lhen shed Pls SaLLvlc body as well from whlch Lhe day came lnLo belng lL ls also Lhe
reason why Lhe gods acqulre more sLrengLh ln day and Lhe demons are sLronger durlng nlghLs
1hen Lhe Lord acqulred yeL anoLher body and behaved llke lLraganas Lo produce lLraganas
before sheddlng LhaL body Loo whlch gave rlse Lo Lhe dusk Lhe LwlllghL beLween Lhe day and Lhe
nlghL 1hereafLer Lhe Lord acqulred a new body wlLh 8a[as vlrLue from whlch Lhe human belngs
were produced When Lhe Lord shed LhaL 8a[as body lL formed dawn Lhe LwlllghL beLween Lhe
nlghL and Lhe day lL also explalns why Lhe human belngs are sLronger aL dawn and lLraganas aL
dusk
1hen Lhe Lord assumed yeL anoLher body wlLh 8a[as vlrLues and produced deslre from lL 1he
deslre gave blrLh Lo lusL SLaylng ln Lhe darkness Lhen Lhe Lord creaLed Lhe world whlch ls full of
deslre and lusL ln LhaL world many ugly looklng human belngs who had long beard and
mousLache appeared and ran Lowards Plm Among Lhose who sald roLecL hlm came Lo be
known as 8akshas (demons) and Lhose who sald We wlll eaL hlm came Lo be known as
?akshas 1hen Lhe angry Lord produced aggresslve carnlvores 1hereafLer Lhe slnglng Lord
produced Candharvas 1hus by Lurns Lhe Lord produced blrds sheep goaL cow horse
elephanL donkey deer camel pony from Pls age chesL mouLh belly and feeL respecLlvely
lrom Lhe lnnumerable body halr of Lhe Lord frulLs flowers and herbs were produced lrom Pls
easLfaclng head Lord produced CayaLrl manLra 8lgveda and ?agyas lrom Pls souLhfaclng head Pe
produced ?a[urveda lrom wesLfaclng head Pe produced Samaveda and from Pls
norLhfaclng head Pe produced ALharvaveda
CPA1L8 1Pl8u ulvlSlCnS Cl LA81P Anu C8lCln
Cl CL8LALS
WlLh Lhe deslre of creaLlng Lhe world 8rahma produced dlfferenL klnds of human belngs from hls
dlfferenL organs 1hus from hls mouLh 8rahmlns appeared kshaLrlyas appeared from hls chesL
valshyas from hls Lhlghs and from hls feeL Shudras appeared 1hus physlcal body ls Lhe greaLesL
means for human belngs ln order Lo achleve hls goals WlLh Llme Lhe human belngs losL Lhelr
dlvlne vlrLues and perfecLlons !ealousy sorrow decay and lnflghLlng began Lo rlse among Lhe
people ln order Lo earn Lhelr llvellhood and run Lhelr llfe peacefully Lhe human belngs
developed agrlculLure and oLher handlcrafLs
C sage! addy barley wheaL lesser cereals sesame mllleL rlce peas pulses beans rye gram
flour and hemp are common agrlculLural produce LhaL have edlble as well as medlclnal values ln
Lhe vlllages 1hese and oLher produce are also used as oblaLlons ln Lhe ?agyas because all of
Lhem have produced as a resulL of ?agyas erformlng ?agyas dally ls Lhe mosL vlrLuous exerclse
LhaL every human belng should underLake 1hls desLroys Lhe slns commlLLed by common people
CPA1L8 lCu8 8l81P Cl 8A!AA1lS Anu 1PLl8
8CCLn?
AL one polnL Lhe process of creaLlon goL saLuraLed and no lncrease Look place ln Lhe number of
llvlng belngs 1hen wlLh a deslre of conLlnulng Lhe creaLlon Lord creaLed nlne sages from Pls
LhoughL 1hen he produced nlne daughLers and handed Lhem over as Lhe wlves Lo Lhose nlne
sages
When lnlLlally produced sons of 8rahma Look Lo asceLlclsm Pe goL very much lnfurlaLed Pls
anger was enough Lo burn all Lhe Lhree worlds lrom Lhls anger 8udra orlglnaLed who was
shlnlng llke Lhe Sun 8udra had appeared ln halfmascullne and halffemlnlne form lmmedlaLely
afLer Pls appearance 8udra separaLed Pls body lnLo eleven male parLs and eleven female parLs
1hen Swayambhu Manu appeared from Lhe body of 8rahma Pe agreed Lo follow 8rahmas
dlcLaLe of conLlnulng creaLlon Pe goL a woman ShaLrupa who had also appeared along wlLh hlm
1ogeLher Lhey begoL Lwo sons rlyavraLa and uLanpad and Lwo daughLers rasooLl and AkooLl
1hese Lwo daughLers were marrled Lo uaksha and ra[apaLl respecLlvely
ra[apaLl and AkooLl gave blrLh Lo Lwlns ?agya and uakshalna ?agya and uakshalna goL
marrled and produced Lwelve sons who laLer on came Lo be known as ?am Lhe gods
uaksha and rasooLl produced LwenLyfour daughLers LhlrLeen of whlch were marrled Lo uharma
1he remalnlng eleven daughLers were marrled Lo 8hrlgu Shlva Marlchl Anglra ulasLya
ulaha kraLu ALrl vashlshLa Agnl and lLars lrom hls LhlrLeen wlves uharma produced kama uarpa
nlyam SanLosh Lobha ShruL uand
naya vlnay 8odh vyavasay kshema Sukh and ?ash kama goL marrled Lo 8aLl and produced
Parsh uarpa marrled Plnsa and produced a son AnrlL and a daughLer nlkrlLl AnrlL and nlkrlLl
goL marrled and produced 8haya and narak and Lhelr wlves Maya and vedana Maya produced
MrlLyu Lhe desLroyer of all Lhe creaLures ln Lhe world vedana produced a son uukh MrlLyu
produced vyadhl !ara Shok 1rlshna and krodh 1hese are all Lhe flerce appearances of Lord
vlshnu and cause ralaya
1he omnlpresenL eLernal Cod creaLes Lhls world ln Lhe form of Manus proLecLs lL and ulLlmaLely
desLroys lL 1here are four klnds of ralaya nalmlLLlk rakrlLlk ALyanLlk and nlLya Among
Lhem nalmlLLlk ls 8rahma ralaya durlng whlch Cod Lakes a nap uurlng rakrlLlk ralaya Lhe
unlverse annlhllaLes ln naLure AnnlhllaLlon of ?ogl ln Lhe Supreme 8elng ls ALyanLlk ralaya
and a decay of physlcal elemenLs LhaL conLlnues day and nlghL ls nlLya ralaya
CPA1L8 llvL C8LA1lCn Cl 8uu8A Anu Cl LAkSPMl
ln Lhe beglnnlng of kalpa when 8rahma was Lhlnklng abouL a son who would be llke hlm ln
vlrLues a boy wlLh reddlshblue body appeared ln hls lap 8rahma addressed Lhe boy wlLh names
llke 8udra 8hava Shlv lbhan ashupaLl 8hlma ugra and Mahadeva 8rahma also flxed
Surya waLer earLh alr flre sky ulkshlL (graduaLe scholar) 8rahmln and Lhe Moon Pls abode
Slnce Lhen all Lhese Lhlngs ldollse Shlv 1hese eleven ldols of Shlv have wlves llke Suvarchala
usha vlkeshl Apara Shlva Swaha ulsha and 8ohlnl Shanalshchar Shukra LohlLang
Mano[av Skand Sarg SanLan and 8uddh are Lhe sons of Lhese ldols respecLlvely 8udra Plmself
goL SaLl Lhe daughLer of uaksha ra[apaLl as Pls wlfe SaLl had commlLLed selflmmolaLlon
because of Lhe dlsrespecL LhaL her faLher had shown for her husband ln her nexL blrLh she had
appeared as arvaLl Lhe daughLer of Plmalaya and Malna arvaLl Loo goL marrled Lo Shlv
khyaLl goL marrled Lo 8hrlgu and gave blrLh Lo Lwo sons uhaLa and vldhaLa and a daughLer
Lakshml Lakshml Lhen marrled Lord vlshnu
MalLreya says C sage! lL ls heard LhaL Lakshml was produced from ksheersagar durlng Lhe
churnlng of Lhe sea buL you say LhaL Lakshml was Lhe daughLer of 8hrlgu and khyaLl Pow ls lL
posslble?
arashar says C greaL 8rahmln! Lakshml who never separaLes from Lhe Lord ls Perself eLernal
llke Plm 8uL sLlll as you have expressed your doubL l wlll narraLe you Lhe real sLory
1he famous shorLLempered sage uurvasa ls a parLlal lncarnaLlon of Shankar Cne day he was
wanderlng on Lhe earLh when all of a sudden he happened Lo see an exLremely dlvlne beauLy She
was wearlng a garland of beauLlful flowers 1he sage requesLed Lhe beauLy Lo glve hlm LhaL
garland She presenLed Lhe garland respecLfully Lo Lhe sage 1he sage adorned Lhe garland on hls
head and began Lo wander agaln 8lghL aL LhaL momenL he saw lndra rldlng on AlravaL and golng
somewhere ln Lhe processlon of Lhe gods lnsLlncLlvely sage uurvasa puL LhaL garland around Lhe
neck of lndra buL lndra removed lL and puL lL on AlravaLs head AlravaL pulled Lhe garland wlLh
hls Lrunk and smashed lL on Lhe ground 1hls whole sequence of evenLs lnfurlaLed uurvasa who
cursed lndra C lndra! ?ou are so lnebrlaLed wlLh your luxurles LhaL you dared Lo lnsulL my
humble glfL Pence all your splendour shall be desLroyed ?ou wlll lose all your wealLhlndra aL once
descended from Lhe elephanL and began Lo requesL sage uurvasa uurvasa sald
lndra! lorglveness has no place ln my personallLy So all your repenLlng ls meanlngless
Saylng Lhls sage uurvasa deparLed from Lhe scene and lndra Lo lefL for AmravaLl
very soon Lhe curse began Lo show lLs lnfluence WlLh Lhe loss of lndras luxurles all Lhe
verdancy on Lhe earLh Loo began Lo wane PermlLs Loo began Lo glve up ?agyas All Lhe human
belngs began Lo be gulded by greed and gave up plous vlrLues And aL a place where plous vlrLues
have no room Lakshml Loo doesnL sLay Lhere
She made her abode ln Lhe abysmal depLh of Lhe sea very soon Lhe demons launched an aLLack
on Lhe gods and drove Lhem ouL of heaven lndra along wlLh oLher gods approached 8rahma and
Lold hlm Lhe whole Lhlng 8rahma suggesLed Lhem Lo Lake refuge aL Lord vlshnu Pe assured
Lhem also LhaL Lord vlshnu would deflnlLely proLecL Lhem 8rahma even accompanled Lhe gods
Lo Lord vlshnu 1here Lhey LogeLher prayed Lord vlshnu and lnLlmaLed Plm abouL Lhelr ordeal
leased by Lhelr prayers Lord vlshnu appeared before Lhem and sald l wlll deflnlLely help you
regaln your splendour resenLly do whaL l say ?ou reconclle wlLh Lhe demons and convlnce
Lhem Lo carry ouL Lhe churnlng of Lhe sea 1hen brlng all klnds of herbs and puL Lhem ln Lhe sea
WlLh Lhe help of Lhe demons and uslng Mandarachal as churner and vasukl Lhe nag as Lhe rope
Lo carry ouL Lhe churnlng of Lhe sea 1hus you wlll recover ambrosla drlnklng whlch all of you
wlll become lmmorLal and regaln your sLrengLh
lollowlng Lhe advlce of Lord vlshnu Lhe gods reconclled wlLh Lhe demons and convlnced Lhem
Lo carry ouL Lhe churnlng of Lhe sea 1hey LogeLher procured all klnds of herbs and puL Lhem ln Lhe
sea 1hen Lhey began Lhe churnlng uslng Mandarachal MounLaln As soon as Lhe churnlng began
Mandarachal began Lo slnk Lord vlshnu Look lncarnaLlon of kachchhap (Lhe greaL LorLolse) and
bore Lhe welghL of Lhe mlghLy mounLaln on Pls back uurlng Lhe churnlng kamadhenu Lhe
wlshful cow was Lhe flrsL Lo emerge lL was presenLed Lo Lhe sages as an ald for Lhelr ?agyas lL
was followed by Lhe damsel varunl kalpavrlksha (Lhe wlshful Lree) afLer whlch beauLlful elves
appeared 1he Moon followed Lhe apsaras and was Laken up by Shlva on Pls forehead uurlng
Lhe churnlng huge quanLlLy of polson had also emerged lL was drunk by Lord Shlva and some
parLs of lL were Laken up by Lhe serpenLs ln Lhe end uhanvanLarl hlmself emerged from Lhe sea
carrylng Lhe urn of ambrosla
lL was durlng Lhe churnlng lLself LhaL Lakshml appeared once agaln from Lhe sea holdlng loLuses
ln her hands All Lhe sages prayed her 1hen Laklng baLh wlLh dlvlne waLer goddess Lakshml
Look her seaL ln Lhe hearL of Lord vlshnu
When Lhe demons saw LhaL Lakshml had chosen Lord vlshnus hearL as her abode Lhey goL
perplexed 1hey aL once snaLched Lhe urn from uhanvanLarl and ran away 1hen a row broke ouL
among Lhem over Lhe drlnklng of ambrosla Lach of Lhe demons wanLed Lo drlnk ambrosla ln
maxlmum quanLlLy Meanwhlle Lord vlshnu also arrlved Lhere ln Lhe gulse of an exLremely
preLLy woman Mohlnl and Look possesslon of Lhe urn Mohlnl had pleased Lhe demons wlLh her
sweeL smlle whlle dlsLrlbuLlng ambrosla among Lhe gods1hus Lhe gods came Lo drlnk ambrosla When
aL lasL Lhe demons reallsed LhaL Lhey had been
cheaLed Lhey lmmedlaLely aLLacked Lhe gods 8uL slnce Lhe gods had regalned Lhelr sLrengLh Lhey
soon defeaLed Lhe demons wlLhouL much ado AfLerwards Lhe gods prayed Lord vlshnu and
reLurned Lo heaven Lo rule lL 1he world also regalned lLs verdancy AfLer regalnlng hls splendour
comforLs and luxurles of Lhe heaven lndra prayed goddess Lakshml wlLh devoLlon and respecL
leased by Lhe prayers of lndra Lakshml asked hlm Lo seek a boon lndra sald C goddess! lf
you are pleased wlLh me klndly bless me wlLh a boon LhaL flrsL you wlll never deserL Lhls world
and also LhaL you wlll never deserL Lhose who worshlp you wlLh Lhls prayer Lakshml granLed
Lhese boons
1hus Lakshml had appeared as Lhe daughLer of 8hrlgu and hls wlfe khyaLl 1hen second Llme
she emerged from beneaLh Lhe sea durlng lLs churnlng 1hus whenever Lord vlshnu Lakes an
lncarnaLlon Lakshml accompanles Plm When Cod appears ln dlvlne form she Loo Lakes a
dlvlne appearance When Cod appears ln human form Lakshml appears ln human form also
CPA1L8 Slx uP8uvAS MlC8A1lCn 1C 1PL
lC8LS1
Swayambhu Manu had Lwo sons rlyavraLa and uLanpad uLanpad had Lwo wlves Suruchl and
SunlLl Suruchl had a son uLLam whlle SunlLl had also a son uhruva klng uLanpad loved
Suruchl more Lhan he loved SunlLl
Cne day Lhe klng was slLLlng on Lhe Lhrone rlnce uLLam was playlng ln hls lap Meanwhlle
uhruva also arrlved Lhere and lnslsLed Lo play ln Lhe lap of hls faLher AL hls lnslsLence queen
Suruchl rldlculed LhaL as he was noL born Lo her he had no rlghL Lo Lhe klngs love so your
lnslsLence ls useless 1hough you are also a son of Lhls klng buL Lhls Lhrone belongs Lo my son
uonL you know LhaL you have been born Lo SunlLl
CeLLlng angry over hls sLepmoLhers rldlcules uhruva wenL Lo hls moLher SunlLl consoled her
son and enqulred abouL Lhe reason for hls anger uhruva narraLed Lhe whole Lhlng Lo hls moLher
SunlLl Loo goL perplexed and sald C son! SunlLl speaks Lhe LruLh buL you donL worry for no one
can do away Lhe vlrLues of your deeds LhaL you performed ln your prevlous blrLh Pence you
should noL feel sorry over such peLLy Lhlngs lf you feel really sorry by Lhe words of your
sLepmoLher why donL you Lry Lo gaLher vlrLues? Why donL you Lry Lo be a genLle and alLrulsLlc
person?
1hus consoled by moLher uhruva sald MoLher! Slnce now onwards l wlll do every such Lhlng
so LhaL l may aLLaln Lhe mosL respecLed poslLlon ln Lhe world l am no longer deslrous of geLLlng a
poslLlon granLed by oLhers l wlll achleve Lhe same poslLlon as my faLher has Saylng Lhls
uhruva lefL Lhe palace and Lhe Lown and reached a dense foresL
Seven Munlshwars (mendlcanLs) were already presenL ln Lhe foresL uhruva greeLed Lhem all and
sald very pollLely C greaL sages! l am Lhe prlnce uhruva klng uLanpad ls my faLher and hls
younger queen SunlLl ls my moLher l have arrlved here ouL of desperaLlon 1he sages sald C prlnce!
?ou are [usL a small boy ?ou have no reason Lo be worrled because your faLher ls sLlll
allve and nelLher you have any dlsease WhaL Lhen caused you such a severe desperaLlon?
uhruva narraLed Lhe whole evenLs and also LhaL how hls sLepmoLher Suruchl rldlculed abouL hls
lnferlor poslLlon ln Lhe palace 1he sages sald C prlnce! klndly Lell us whaLever you have
declded Lo do Lo change your desLlny and also Lell us lf we can help you ln any way
uhruva saldC sages! l nelLher long for wealLh or for Lhe klngdom l slmply long Lo en[oy such a
poslLlon LhaL nobody have ever en[oyed earller klndly help me and gulde me whaL l should do Lo
aLLaln such a poslLlon
Marlchl saldC prlnce! nobody can aLLaln such an unparalleled poslLlon wlLhouL Lhe worshlp of
Covlnd (an eplLheL of Lord vlshnu) so you also worshlp LhaL eLernal Supreme 8elng ALrl sald
Pe who ls far above Lhe Langlble can only saLlsfy Plm and brlng you LhaL supreme poslLlon
Anglra saldCo and worshlp Covlnd who holds Lhe enLlre unlverse wlLhln Plm
ulasLya saldLven Lhe wreLched people aLLaln Lhe rare salvaLlon worshlpplng Parl
ulaha saldCo and worshlp LhaL vlshnu worshlpplng whom even lndra aLLalned Lhe poslLlon of
Lhe gods klng
kraLu sald Co and worshlp !anardana who ls supreme who ls delLy of Lhe ?agyas and ?agya
Plmself
vashlshLa saldC son! ?ou wlll aLLaln whaLever you wlsh by worshlpplng Lord vlshnu
uhruva sald C sages! AL my prayers all of you Lold me abouL whom l should worshlp now
klndly Lell me whaL should l do Lo please Lhe Lord
1he sages sald lL ls lmperaLlve for a person who wlshes Lo worshlp Lord vlshnu LhaL flrsL of
all he should expel all oLher menlal LhoughLs from hls mlnd and replace Lhem wlLh Lhe
conLemplaLlon Lord alone C prlnce! 1hus concenLraLe on LhaL omnlpoLenL eLernal Lord wlLh Lhe
manLra CM nAMC 8PACvA1L vASuuLvA? ?our grandfaLher Swayambhu Manu had
hlmself reclLed Lhls manLra durlng Lhe prevlous age and had recelved Lhe perfecLlon of hls deslre
CPA1L8 SLvLn uP8uvA LLASLS CCu Wl1P PlS
LnAnCL
1he prlnce uhruva greeLed Lhe sages and conLlnued on hls [ourney AL lasL he reached a beauLlful
foresL Madhuvan on Lhe bank of Lhe rlver ?amuna lL was Lhe same foresL whlch was laLer
occupled by a demon Madhu ShaLrughana Lhe youngesL broLher of Lord 8ama had kllled Lhe
demon Lavan Lhe son of Madhu ln Lhe same foresL and founded Lhe Lownshlp of MaLhura ln Lhe
same foresL prlnce uhruva declded Lo carry ouL hls penance As per Lhe dlcLaLe of Lhe sages he
began Lo reclLe Lhe manLra conLlnuouslyvery soon Lhe earLh began Lo move because of uhruvas
severe penance Lven Lhe seaL of lndra
could noL remaln sLable A sLampede resulLed among Lhe gods 1he gods Lhen haLched a
consplracy Lo dlsLurb Lhe penance
Accordlng Lo Lhe plan an llluslonary lmage of SunlLl uhruvas moLher appeared before hlm and
pleaded C son! lease sLop Lhls severe penance LhaL ls bound Lo decay your body l goL you
afLer greaL deslres and worshlp lL ls noL proper for you Lo Lake your sLepmoLhers words so
serlously and deserL your real moLher ?ou are my only supporL ?ou are only four or flve years
old resenLly you should pay more aLLenLlon Lo your plays and sLudles Why are you observlng
such a severe penance Lhen? C son! lf you donL glve up your penance rlghL now l wlll glve my
llfe 8uL uhruva was so much sunk ln Lhe conLemplaLlon of Lord vlshnu LhaL he dld noL hear Lhe
walllng of hls moLher
Pls moLher Lhen sald 8un C son! 8un away Lo save your llfe Look! lormldable demons are
approachlng 1hey are carrylng leLhal weapons Suddenly LhaL llluslonary lmage blew ouL
lnLense flre from her mouLh 1haL flre Look appearance of many dreadful monsLers who were
shouLlng loudly llke klll hlm eaL hlm 1hose monsLers bore Lhe heads of llon camel crocodlle
eLc and appeared exLremely formldable 1he monsLers were roarlng loudly
8uL uhruvas mlnd was deeply ln conLemplaLlon Pe nelLher saw Lhe monsLers or heard Lhe nolses
made by Lhem 1hus seelng Lhelr all aLLempLs falled 1he gods declded Lo Lake refuge aL Lord
vlshnu 1here Lhey sald C Lord! We have come Lo you perplexed by Lhe severe penance of
uhruva Lhe son of uLanpad Pls penance ls lncreaslng llke a waxlng Moon We are noL sure lf he
deslres for Lhe poslLlon of lndra Surya kubera varuna or any oLher delLy 8uL klndly remove
our fears
Assurlng Lhe gods Lhe Lord sald 1haL boy has no deslre for aLLalnlng Lhe poslLlon of any delLy
8uL l wlll deflnlLely granL hlm whaLever he deslres 8uL all of you need noL worry 1he gods
greeLed Lhe Lord and reLurned
ulLlmaLely pleased by Lhe severe penance of uhruva Lord vlshnu appeared before hlm ln hls
formal fourarmed form and sald uhruva! May lL all be well for you l am very much pleased
wlLh you Pearlng Lhese words uhruva opened hls eyes and Lo hls amazemenL found Lord
vlshnu sLandlng before hlm lor a momenL he dld noL belleve hls eyes SLandlng before hlm was
Lhe same Lord vlshnu whom he used Lo see ln conLemplaLlon lor a momenL uhruva forgoL how
Lo pray Cod Pe Lhen Look refuge of Cod and sald C Lord! lf you are pleased wlLh me klndly
bless me wlLh power Lo pray you My mlnd ls exhllaraLed wlLh devoLlon for you lL wlshes Lo pray
you Pearlng Lhese words Lhe Lord Louched uhruva wlLh Pls conch and as soon as lL happened
an unblndlng sLream of devoLlonal prayer sprang from uhruvas mouLh
AL Lhe compleLlon of Lhe prayer Lord vlshnu sald C son! ?our penance succeeds wlLh my slghL
buL my presenLlng a slghL should also noL go wasLe So seek a boon of your deslre uhruva sald
C Lord! noLhlng ls hldden from your dlvlne slghL l sLarLed Lhls severe penance ouL of
desperaLlon caused by Lhe harsh words of my sLepmoLher She had rldlculed my lnslsLence of
playlng ln my faLhers lap saylng LhaL as l was noL born Lo her l had no rlghL Lo Lhe klngs love
Pence C Lord! l wlsh Lo aLLaln such a poslLlon LhaL could be Lhe base of Lhe enLlre unlverseLord sald
C son! ?ou were born ln a 8rahmln famlly ln your prevlous blrLh 1hen you had
pleased me by your abldance Lo Lhe rellglon ?ou were also a frlend of a prlnce and wlshed Lo
en[oy Lhe same royal luxurles LhaL your frlend was en[oylng ?ou had ln facL wlshed Lo be a
prlnce Pence C son! ?ou are born as a prlnce ln Lhls blrLh lL ls rare Lo geL a place ln Lhe llneage
of Swayambhu Manu 8uL Lhls honor has no value for a devoLee llke you C son! l wlll deflnlLely
accord you Lhe poslLlon LhaL ls excellenL among all Lhe Lhree worlds ln fuLure you wlll be Lhe
base of all Lhe planeLs and all Lhe consLellaLlons l granL you a flxed poslLlon LhaL ls far above Lhe
Sun Lhe Moon Lhe planeLs consLellaLlons SapLarlshls and all Lhe gods who fly abouL ln dlvlne
alrcrafL 8esldes lL you wlll sLay Lhere for a compleLe kalpa whereas even Lhe gods do noL sLay ln
Lhelr poslLlon more Lhan a slngle ManvanLara ?our moLher SunlLl Loo wlll come Lo sLay wlLh you
as a brlghL sLar for Lhe same perlod of Llme 1here she wlll sLay on an alrcrafL eople wlll see you
wlLh falLh for you wlll show Lhem Lhe rlghL dlrecLlon
1hus recelvlng a boon from Lord vlshnu uhruva occupled a flxed poslLlon ln Lhe norLhern sky
Lven Lhe sage llke Shukracharya pralses uhruva LhaL how forLunaLe he ls LhaL even SapLarlshls
go around hlm? 1haL plvoLal poslLlon of uhruva would conLlnue even ln Lhe ages Lo come
CPA1L8 LlCP1 1ALL Cl 1PL klnC vLnA Anu
8l1Pu
arashar says WlLh Lhe help of uhruva hls wlfe gave blrLh Lo Lwo sons SlshLl and 8havya
SlshLl had flve sons 8lpu 8lpun[ay vlpra vlkal and vrlkLe[a 8lpu had a brllllanL son
Chakshush Chakshush had a son Manu Manu had sons uru kuru ShaLadyumna 1apasvl
SaLyavan Suchl AgnlshLome ALlraLra Sudyumna and Abhlmanyu kuru had sons Anga
Suman khyaLl kraLu Anglra and Shlvl Anga had a son named vena 1he sages had churned
Lhe rlghL hand of vena Lo produce a son named valnya Pe laLer on became renowned as rlLhu
Pe had even mllked Lhe earLh for Lhe beneflL of hls sub[ecLs
MalLreya says Why dld Lhe sages churn venas hand? WhaL was Lhelr purpose of geLLlng
rlLhu?
arashar says MrlLyu had hls flrsL chlld as a daughLer named SunlLha who was marrled Lo Anga
SunlLha had glven blrLh Lo vena vena had all Lhe faulLs of hls maLernal grandfaLher MrlLyu and
hence was devllllke ln naLure AL Lhe Llme of hls coronaLlon vena had declared l am Lhe Cod
and Lhe ?agya urusha Pence ln fuLure no one shall perform ?agyas and donaLe uakshalna
1he sages pralsed hlm and sald C klng! We speak abouL Lhe beneflL of you and your sub[ecLs
1hrough grand ?agyas we shall worshlp omnlpoLenL Lord Parl 1hus pleased he wlll granL all
your deslres C klng! ln Lhe klngdom of whlch klngs Lord Parl ls worshlpped as Lhe presldlng
delLy of ?agyas Pe fulflls all Lhelr deslres
vena sald Who ls greaLer Lhan me and even venerable whom you regard as Lhe presldlng delLy
of Lhe ?agyas? All Lhe delLles llke 8rahma vlshnu Mahesh lndra vayu eLc are presenL ln Lhe
body of Lhe klng Pence Lhe klng has all Lhe vlrLues of Lhese delLles 1herefore do whaL l say
Such as a womans duLy ls Lo serve her husband slmllarly lL ls your duLy of all of you Lo obey my
dlcLaLe1he sages Lrled Lo convlnce vena repeaLedly buL ln valn AL lasL when he dld noL agree Lo Lhelr
proposal Lhe sages kllled hlm lmmedlaLely afLer kllllng Lhe klng Lhe sages saw Lhe clouds of
dusL rlslng all around lL was revealed Lo Lhem upon enqulry LhaL Lhe sub[ecLs of a klngless
klngdom have resorLed Lo plunderlng and looLlng each oLher and lL was because of LhaL sLampede
LhaL clouds of dusL were rlslng
1he sages Lhen churned Lhe Lhlghs of lssueless klng and produced an ugly black man Pe was
feellng exclLed and asked Lhe sages whaL he should do? 1he sages asked hlm Lo nlshld (slL
down) hence he came Lo be known as nlshad Pls progeny came Lo be known as nlshadgana
Appearance of nlshad dld away wlLh all Lhe slns of vena 1he sages Lhen churned venas rlghL
hand and produced prowesslve rlLhu whose body was radlaLlng llke flre As soon as he
appeared bow and arrow and shleld of Lord Shlva descended from heaven and all Lhe sub[ecLs
felL exLreme [oy WlLh Lhe blrLh of such a plous son vena aLLalned a poslLlon ln Lhe heaven
lor Lhe coronaLlon of rlLhu 8rahma hlmself had appeared Lhere wlLh Lhe waLer from all Lhe
rlvers and oceans all klnds of gems and along wlLh all Lhe delLles resence of chakra ln rlghL
hand of rlLhu pleased 8rahma 1hls chakra of Lord vlshnu ls presenL ln Lhe hands of exLremely
domlnaLlng klngs Such a klng remalns unaffecLed even by Lhe gods
1hus occupylng Lhe royal Lhrone klng rlLhu was a boon for hls sub[ecLs Pe was so rellglous
LhaL Lhe seas and mounLalns paved way for hlm Pls flag always remalned fresh and new Lven
Lhere was no need Lo sow Lhe seeds Lhe earLh herself provlded all Lhe cereals Cows gave mllk
sponLaneously and every leaf of all Lhe Lrees ln Lhe klngdom was full of honey
lmmedlaLely afLer hls appearance klng rlLhu organlsed a grand ?agya AL Lhe Llme of
Somabhlshek (baLhlng wlLh grapewlne) durlng Lhe ?agya a man and a woman appeared from
Lhe earLh 1he sages advlsed Lhem Lo pray klng rlLhu WlLh folded hands Lhey asked LhaL Lhe
klng had arrlved momenLs before Lhem Pls repuLaLlon had noL spread far and wlde Why should
Lhen Lhey pray such a klng? 1he sage sald LhaL Lhey should pray Lhe klng for Lhe greaL
achlevemenLs he would aLLaln ln fuLure klng rlLhu LhoughL LhaL lL was because of merlLs LhaL a
man becomes pralseworLhy Pence l wlll do exacLly Lhe same Lhlngs LhaL Lhls couple would
reclLe durlng Lhe prayers LhoughL Lhe klng 1hus durlng Lhe laLer course klng rlLhu planLed Lhose
vlrLues flrmly ln hls consclence and ruled Lhe earLh uurlng hls rule he performed many greaL
?agyas
uurlng Lhe anarchy of hls faLhers reglme all Lhe vegeLaLlon had been desLroyed from all over Lhe
earLh 1here was noLhlng for Lhe sub[ecLs Lo saLlsfy Lhelr hunger wlLh So Lhey approached hlm
and sald C greaL klng! uue Lo Lhe anarchy of your faLhers reglme Lhe earLh had annlhllaLed all
Lhe cereals wlLhln her ?our sub[ecLs have no cholce buL Lo sLarve klndly proLecL us from Lhls
condlLlon
lLlable condlLlon of Lhe sub[ecLs lnfurlaLed klng rlLhu 1aklng Lhe dlvlne weapons of Lord
Shlva he ran afLer Lhe earLh ln gulse of Lhe cow Lhe earLh ran ln all Lhe Lhree worlds buL
wherever she wenL she found rlLhu sLlll chaslng her 1hus shlverlng wlLh fear she ulLlmaLely
appeared before hlm and sald C klng! uonL you see Lhe sln ln kllllng a helpless woman
rlLhu sald lf kllllng a wreLched person beneflLs scores of oLher people Lhere ls no sln dolng so 1he
earLh sald ?ou wanL Lo klll me ln Lhe lnLeresL of your sub[ecLs buL Lhlnk whaL wlll be
Lhe base of Lhe sub[ecL Lhen? rlLhu sald ?ou need noL worry abouL LhaL l wlll myself supporL
my sub[ecLs 1hese words frlghLened Lhe earLh She greeLed Lhe klng and sald C klng! All Lhe
Lasks sLarLed wlLh a dlsLlncL purpose reach Lhelr compleLlon successfully so l am Lelllng you a
way ouL of Lhe presenL condlLlon uo Lhen as you deslre l can glve ouL all Lhe herbs and cereals
LhaL l have annlhllaLed ln Lhe form of mllk So for Lhe beneflL of Lhe sub[ecLs klndly produce
such a calf for whlch l can glve mllk sponLaneously wlLh moLherly feellngs ?ou Lhen provlde me
wlLh a plaln surface everywhere so LhaL l can produce mllk LhaL ls Lhe seed of all Lhe cereals and
herbs
klng rlLhu Lhen uprooLed many greaL mounLalns wlLh hls bow and arrow and sLowed Lhem aL a
slngle place 8efore LhaL Lhere was no dlsLlncL demarcaLlon of vlllage Lowns clLles eLc because
of Lhe plaln surface of Lhe earLh and Lhere was no dlsLlncL sequence of cereals cows agrlculLure
and Lrade All Lhls sysLems sLarLed from Lhe Llme of rlLhu Slnce Lhen people began Lo populaLe
Lhose parLs of Lhe earLh LhaL were plaln
lor Lhe beneflL of hls sub[ecLs klng rlLu hlmself mllked all Lhe cereals from earLh maklng
Swayambhu Manu a calf lL ls Lhe cereals LhaL sLlll susLaln Lhe enLlre populaLlon of Lhe world
Slnce Lhen klng rlLhu came Lo be known as Lhe faLher of earLh because he had spared her llfe
CPA1L8 nlnL 8l81P Cl 8ACPln 8A8Pl Anu
8ACPL1AS 8A? CCu
klng rlLhu had Lwo sons AnLardhan and vadl who were very rellglous mlnded Lhemselves
AnLardhans wlfe Shlkhandl gave blrLh Lo lvlrdhan rachln 8arhl was Lhe son of lvlrdhan and hls
wlfe Chlshna Shukra Caya krlshna vrl[ and A[ln were Lhelr oLher sons rachln 8arhl was a
greaL fosLerer of hls sub[ecLs 1hrough conLlnuous oblaLlons he lncreased hls sub[ecLs Lo greaL
llmlLs
klng rachln 8arhl marrled agaln wlLh Savarna Lhe daughLer of Samudra and Lhey LogeLher
produced Len sons All of Lhem were known as racheLas who were experL ln Lhe arL of archery
All of Lhem observed serlous penance under Lhe sea for 10000 years
MalLreya says C greaL sage! klndly narraLe Lo us Lhe reason for whlch racheLas observed severe
penance under Lhe sea
arashar says Cnce by Lhe lnsplraLlon of 8rahma klng rachln 8arhl asked hls sons racheLas
Lo conLlnue Lhe progeny ln an honored way racheLas agreed Lo obey Lhe dlcLaLe of Lhelr faLher
buL Lhey asked C faLher! klndly narraLe Lo us whaL should we do Lo enable ourselves so LhaL we
could carry ouL Lhe process of reproducLlon
klng rachln 8arhl sald LhaL worshlp of Lord vlshnu was Lhe only Lhlng LhaL enabled a person Lo
achleve hls deslred ob[ecLlves Pe dlcLaLed hls sons Lo worshlp Lord vlshnu lL was by Lhe dlcLaLe
of Lhe faLher LhaL all Lhe Len racheLas observed severe penance for Len Lhousand years under Lhe
sea AL Lhe end of Lhelr penance Srl Parl appeared before Lhem radlaLlng wlLh blue llghL llke a freshly
bloomed blue loLus AccepLlng Lhe greeLlngs of Lhe racheLas Lord vlshnu asked Lhem Lo seek a
boon racheLas Lhen Lold Lhe dlcLaLe of Lhelr faLher Lord granLed Lhelr boon 1hereafLer all Lhe
racheLas reemerged from Lhe waLers
CPA1L8 1Ln MA88lACL Cl 8ACPL1AS Anu
8l81P Cl 8A!AA1lS
arashar says uurlng Lhe Llme when racheLas were engaged ln penance Lhe earLh was
unproLecLed Pence huge Lrees came Lo cover her everywhere on land 1helr follage was so
dense Lhey LhaL cuL off enLlre sky and Lhe sun could noL reach Lhe surface of Lhe earLh AfLer Lhelr
emergence from Lhe sea racheLas goL very angry when Lhey saw Lhe Lrees ln anger Lhey leL ouL
formldable flames mlxed wlLh ghasLly wlnds and uprooLed all Lhe Lrees before reduclng Lhem Lo
ashes A masslve desLrucLlon of Lhe Lrees followed Seelng LhaL Soma Lhe klng of Lhe Lrees
approached racheLas and requesLed C klngs! klndly rellnqulsh your anger and llsLen Lo whaL l
say
l wlll medlaLe a pacL beLween Lhe Lrees and you 1he Lrees have produced an exLremely preLLy glrl
named Marlsha Per creaLlon has been meanL only for Lhe conLlnuaLlon of your progeny She wlll
produce uaksha ra[apaLl who wlll be as radlanL as Lhe flre and cause much lncrease ln your
progeny furLher
ln Lhe anclenL Llmes a greaL savanL of vedas sage kandu was observlng penance aL Lhe bank of
rlver ComLl lrlghLened by hls penance lndra senL an apsara rabhalocha Lo creaLe a dlsLurbance
1haL elf successfully creaLed a dlsLurbance ln Lhe penance of kandu who Lhen began Lo llve wlLh
her ln a cave kandu passed one hundred years en[oylng sensual pleasures wlLh Lhe apsara Cne
day Lhe apsara expressed her deslre Lo leave for her heavenly abode 1hls came as a shock for
Lhe sage kandu Pe requesLed her Lo sLay for some more Llme wlLh hlm 1he apsara agreed Lo hls
requesL and sLayed wlLh hlm for anoLher hundred years 1hen once agaln she expressed her deslre
Lo leave for her heavenly abode Cnce agaln bllnded by lusL Lhe sage requesLed her Lo sLay for
some more Llme Cnce agaln Lhe apsara sLayed for anoLher hundred years wlLh kandu
1hus every Llme when Lhe apsara goL ready Lo leave sage sLopped her 1he apsara knew abouL
Lhe agony of separaLlon LhaL a person experlences who ls bllnded by lusL She also feared Lhe
curse LhaL such a person mlghL pour down ouL of agony 1hus she herself dld noL deserL Lhe sage
and Lhelr love kepL on lncreaslng llke a new moon Cne day Lowards Lhe evenlng Lhe sage
hurrledly lefL hls huL Amazlngly rabhalocha enqulred abouL Lhe reasons why he was golng ouL
ln such a hurry 1he sage replled LhaL as lL was dusk he should offer hls evenlng prayers 1he
sages reply amazed Lhe apsara furLher Laughlngly she sald C knower of rellglon your day
has ended afLer hundreds of years! Who wlll noL be surprlsed Lo learn LhaL your day ends afLer
hundreds of years
1he sage sald ?ou had arrlved aL Lhe rlver bank rlghL ln Lhe mornlng Loday ?ou passed Lhe
whole day wlLh me and now lL ls evenlng Why do you laugh aL me Lhen? rabhalocha sald C
8rahmln! Pundreds of years have passed slnce l had arrlved aL your huL erplexed sage asked her
1ell me exacLly how much Llme has passed ln our presenL communlon? rabhalocha Lold
Lhe sage LhaL Lhey had LogeLher passed nlne hundred and seven years slx monLhs and Lhree days
Pearlng Lhls Lhe sage began Lo curse hlmself LhaL he was so sunk ln Lhe carnal pleasure wlLh Lhe
apsara LhaL he even forgoL Lhe Llme Pe also began Lo freL LhaL hls whole penance had been
broughL Lo noughL 1hus curslng hlmself Lhe sage also scolded Lhe apsara and asked her Lo leave
hls huL aL once
1he apsara was shlverlng ln fear whlle her whole body was drenched ln sweaL When she lefL
Lhe hermlLage she wlped her sweaL wlLh Lhe leaves of Lhe Lrees Whlle havlng carnal pleasure
wlLh Lhe sage rabhalocha had concelved Per foeLus also oozed ouL ln Lhe form of sweaL and
was collecLed on Lhe leaves 1he wlnd broughL Lhe dlfferenL parLs of Lhe foeLus LogeLher whlle l
nourlshed lL wlLh my rays 1hus Lhe foeLus grew safely and ulLlmaLely Look blrLh as a glrl chlld
Marlsha 1he Lrees wlll presenL you LhaL same glrl as your wlfe sald Soma
Cn Lhe oLher hand afLer hls penance was dlsLurbed sage kandu mlgraLed Lo urushaoLLam reglon
(modern !agannaLhurl) and began hls penance afresh Lo please Lord vlshnu
1ale of Marlshas prevlous blrLh Marlsha daughLer of sage kandu and rabhalocha was a queen
ln her prevlous blrLh She had losL her husband wlLhouL havlng any chlld She had Lhen pleased
Lord vlshnu wlLh her devoLlon 1he Lord had Lhen asked her Lo seek a boon She sald C Lord!
Pavlng been wldowed aL a young age l feel LhaL my llfe has gone fuLlle l am very unforLunaLe
Pence C Lord! May l have by your grace a vlrLuous husband llke you and sons llke ra[apaLl ln
my nexL blrLh May l Lake blrLh noL from Lhe body of my moLher
Lord vlshnu sald All your wlshes shall come Lrue ln your nexL blrLh ?ou wlll have Len
prowesslve and popular husbands WlLh Lhelr help you wlll glve blrLh Lo ra[apaLl whose
progeny wlll populaLe all Lhe Lhree worlds ?ou wlll Lake blrLh noL from your moLhers body sLlll
you wlll be unmaLched ln beauLy
1hus coerced by Soma racheLas dropped Lhelr angry sLance and accepLed Marlsha as Lhelr
wlfe lrom Lhe parLs of racheLas Marlsha gave blrLh Lo uaksha ra[apaLl who had emerged from
8rahma earller lollowlng Lhe dlcLaLe of 8rahma uaksha ra[apaLl produced dlfferenL klnds of
llvlng belngs as hls chlldren llrsL of all he creaLed womenfolk from hls mlnd Pe goL Len of
Lhose women marrled Lo uharma 1hlrLeen women were marrled Lo kashyapa whlle LwenLyseven were
marrled Lo Chandrama All Lhe gods demons nagas cows blrds Candharvas
Apsaras glanLs eLc are Lhe progeny of Lhose flfLy women
MalLreya says C greaL sage! l wanL Lo hear Lhe Lale of orlgln of Lhe gods Lhe demons and all
oLher creaLures ln deLall
arashar says uaksha creaLed Lhe sages Candharvas demons and serpenLs from hls mlnd flrsL
8uL none of Lhose creaLures could conLlnue Lhe progeny So wlLh an lnLenLlon of produclng hls
progeny Lhrough carnal unlon uaksha marrled Aslknl Lhe daughLer of anoLher ra[apaLl uaksha
and Aslknl LogeLher produced flve Lhousand sons All of Lhose sons were eager Lo conLlnue Lhe
process of reproducLlon when uevarshl narada approached Lhem and sald C chlldren! lL
appears from your acLlon LhaL all of you are eager Lo begln Lhe process of reproducLlon rlghL now 8uL
before you do anyLhlng klndly llsLen Lo whaL l say All of you are so lgnoranL LhaL you do noL
know anyLhlng abouL Lhe earLh Pow Lhen wlll you carry ouL Lhe reproducLlon? Look! ?ou can
move anywhere ln Lhe unlverse so why donL you go and see Lhe end of Lhe earLh? 1hus
moLlvaLed by narada all Lhe flve Lhousand sons of uaksha dlved lnLo Lhe sea and never reLurned
LhereafLer llke a rlver annlhllaLes ln Lhe ocean
uaksha Lhen marrled valrunl and produced one Lhousand sons 1hey also lnLended Lo carry ouL
reproducLlon buL were mlsgulded by narada 1hey Loo followed Lhe fooLsLeps of Lhelr elder
broLhers Learnlng abouL Lhe faLe of hls sons uaksha cursed narada 1hen uaksha and valrunl
gave blrLh Lo slxLy daughLers 1en of Lhem were marrled Lo uharma LhlrLeen Lo kashyapa
LwenLyseven Lo Soma four Lo ArlshLneml and Lwo Lo Anglra and krlshasva each ArundhaLl
vasu ?aml Lamba 8hanu MaruLvaLl Sankalpa MuhurLa Sadhya and vlshwa were Lhe wlves
of uharma vlshwa gave blrLh Lo vlshwadeva Sadhya Lo Sadhyagana MaruLvan was Lhe son of
MaruLvaLl vasu gave blrLh Lo elghL vasus Lamba gave blrLh Lo Chosha ?aml Lo nagveeLhl
whereas ArundhaLl gave blrLh Lo all oLher creaLures LhaL dwell on earLh Sankalpa produced
Sankalpa LhaL ls omnlpresenL resoluLlon
names of Lhe elghL vasus were Ap uhruva Soma uharma Anll Anal raLyush and rabhas
valLand Shrama ShanL and uhvanl were Lhe sons of Ap All annlhllaLlng kal was Lhe son of
uhruva varcha was Lhe son of Soma uravln PuLa lLyavar Shlshlr ran and varuna were Lhe
sons of uharma Mano[av and AvlgyaLgaLl were Lhe sons of Anll SharasLamb Shakh vlshakh
and nalgmeya were Lhe sons of Anal raLyush had a son ueval vaLsLree Lhe slsLer of 8rlhaspaLl
was Lhe wlfe of rabhas 1hey had vlshwakarma as Lhelr son vlshwakarma hlmself had four
sons A[alkpad Ahlrbudhanya 1washLa and 8udra 1he greaL penancer vlshwaroop was Lhe son
of 1wasLa
C greaL sage! Par 8ahuroop 1reyambak Apara[lL vrlshakapl Shambhu kapardl 8alvaL
Mrlgvyadh Sharpa and kapall are Lhe eleven 8udras Sage kashyapa had LhlrLeen wlves AdlLl
ulLl uanu ArlshLa Surasa khasa Surabhl vlnaLa 1amra krodhavasha lra kadru and Munl
now llsLen Lo Lhe descrlpLlon of Lhelr progenles
uurlng Lhe prevlous ManavanLar Lhere were Lwelve gods named 1ushlL AL Lhe end of Lhe
ManavanLar Lhey meL LogeLher and sald C broLhers! LeL us now enLer Lhe womb of AdlLl and
Lake blrLh as Lhe gods agaln ln valvasvaL ManavanLar 1hus vlshnu lndra Aryama uhaLa
1washLa usha vlvasvan SavlLa MalLra varuna Anshu and 8haga Lhese Lwelve sons of AdlLl
came Lo be known as AdlLya
1he LwenLyseven wlves of Soma gave blrLh Lo many LalenLed sons Wlves of ArlshLneml gave
blrLh Lo slxLeen sons 1hus ln all LhlrLyLhree gods lncludlng elghL vasus eleven 8udra Lwelve
AdlLya ra[apaLl and vashaLkar have been descrlbed ln Lhe vedas All of Lhem are capable of
Laklng blrLh aL wlll !usL as Lhe Sun rlses and seLs slmllarly Lhese gods also appear ln dlfferenL
yugas
lrom Lhe parL of kashyapa ulLl gave blrLh Lo Lwo lnvlnclble sons Plranyakashlpu and
Plranyaksh and a daughLer Slnhlka who was marrled Lo vlprachlLl Plranyakashlpu had four
sons Anuhlad Ahlad Sahlad and rahlada CPA1L8 LLLvLn 1ALL Cl 8APLAuA Anu
nA8SlMPA lnCA8nA1lCn
arashar says 8y Lhe boon of 8rahma Plranyakashlpu had acqulred Lremendous power and
came Lo conLrol all Lhe Lhree worlds Pe had drlven Lhe gods ouL of heaven and used Lo recelve
Lhe oblaLlons offered Lo Surya vayu Agnl varuna Chandrama kubera ?amara[ eLc 8ecause
of hls fear all Lhose gods roamed on earLh
All Lhe creaLures began Lo worshlp Plranyakashlpu 8eauLlful and amorous elves danced ln hls
palace whlle Candharvas accompanled Lhem on lnsLrumenLs rahlada was Lhe youngesL son of
Plranyakashlpu Llke oLher chlldren he Loo was senL Lo Curukula Lo be educaLed Cne day hls
Leachers Look rahlada Lo Plranyakashlpu who was engaged ln drlnklng of wlne aL LhaL momenL
Lovlngly he Look hls son lnLo hls lap and asked C son Lell me whaL you have learnL so far ln
Lhe ausplces of your Leachers?
rahlada sald C faLher! l saluLe Lo LhaL Srl Parl who has no beglnnlng no end and no mldparL
who doesnL Lake blrLh and who ls free from growLh and decay Pearlng Lhls Plranyakashlpu
looked aL Lhe Leachers wlLh bloodshoL eyes and shouLed aL Lhem C wreLched 8rahmlns! ln sheer
vlolaLlon of my orders you have LaughL my son Lo pralse my enemy 1he Leachers Lrled Lo
express Lhelr apology saylng LhaL whaL rahlada was saylng was noL LaughL by Lhem
Plranyakashlpu asked Lhen rahlada who had LaughL hlm llke LhaL rahlada sald C faLher! Lord
vlshnu who resldes ln Lhe hearL of us all ls Lhe supreme creaLure Who can Leach anybody
anyLhlng aparL from Plm? Plranyakashlpu sald C fool! Who ls LhaL vlshnu abouL whom you
are descrlblng before me Lhe Lord of enLlre world? rahlada replled Lord vlshnu ls he who ls
conLemplaLed abouL by Lhe ?ogls Pe ls Lhe orlglnaLor of Lhe enLlre unlverse Pls vlrLues cannoL
be descrlbed ln words 1haL armeshwar ls vlshnu
Plranyakashlpu sald lool! Who can be armeshwar oLher Lhan me? uo you wanL Lo dle LhaL
you are babbllng llke LhaL? rahlada sald C faLher! ?our anger ls baseless Lord vlshnu ls Lhe
creaLor of all of us lncludlng you and me Pe conLrols our breaLhs
lnfurlaLed Plranyakashlpu Lhen ordered Lhe Leachers Lo Lake rahlada away aL once and wash hls
braln Lhoroughly 1he Leachers Look rahlada wlLh Lhem Lo Lhelr Curukula rahlada began Lo
concenLraLe ln hls sLudles AfLer many monLhs Plranyakashlpu once agaln called rahlada Lo hls
palace and asked abouL hls learnlng Cnce agaln rahlada began Lo pralse Lord vlshnu 1hls
Llme Plranyakashlpu ordered hls assasslnaLlon Pe began Lo see hls son as a LhreaL Lo hls Lhrone
8y Lhe orders of Plranyakashlpu many formldable demons aLLacked rahlada wlLh Lhelr weapons
buL rahlada sLood unfazed Pe sald C fools! Lord vlshnu ls presenL ln you ln me and even ln
your weapons May your weapons have no effecL on me lndeed Lhe weapons of Lhe demons
could noL even Louch rahlada Plranyakashlpu sald l can sLlll pardon your llfe provlded LhaL
you sLop pralslng my opponenL rahlada sald C faLher! l fear noLhlng 8y Lhe Cods grace l
am free from Lhe fear of blrLh and deaLh Plranyakashlpu Lhen goL rahlada Lhrown amldsL
venomous snakes 8uL blLlng by Lhe snakes had no effecL on rahlada because hls mlnd was
conLemplaLlng ln Lord vlshnuPlranyakashlpu Lhen goL rahlada Lrampled by blg bull elephanLs 8uL
even elephanLs could noL
harm rahlada lnsLead Lhelr Lusks were broken as soon as Lhey Louched rahlada Lven Lhen
rahlada Lrled Lo paclfy hls faLher LhaL lL was Lords sLrengLh LhaL proLecLed hlm every Llme
rahladas Leachers who were Lhe sons of Shukracharya Lhen assured Plranyakashlpu LhaL
rahlada was havlng a flckle mlnd because of hls Lender age 1hey also assured Lhe demon klng
of Lransformlng rahlada and Look hlm Lo Lhelr hermlLage once agaln
rahladas reachlng 8uL ln Lhe hermlLage rahlada assembled oLher demon chlldren and sald
lrlends llsLen Lo my preachlng carefully and donL Lake lL for granLed because l have no
personal lnLeresL ln lL Lvery llvlng belng Lakes blrLh and suffers a loL whlle passlng hls llfe
Lhrough chlldhood youLh and old age 1he end resulL of llfe ls noLhlng buL deaLh lL ls ones
karma LhaL accompany hlm blrLh afLer blrLh 8uL ln every blrLh Lhls soul mlsLakes hunger LhlrsL
cold or hoL for Lhe pleasures More of Lhe luxurles one collecLs more Lhe sorrow lncreases
ALLachmenL and passlon are Lhe greaLesL cause of sorrow Lven afLer passlng a llfe LhaL ls full of
sorrow one suffers Lhe agony of deaLh and reblrLh agaln 1hls whole cycle conLlnues agaln and
agaln Lord vlshnu ls Lhe ulLlmaLe refuge for Lhe soul whlch feels drowned ln Lhe ocean of
sorrow
uonL be confused wlLh my young age l am a boy llke you 8uL Lhe soul LhaL sLays wlLhln me ls
eLernal 1he soul has no dlsLlncL sLages ln llfe 8uL a human belng ls lnfllcLed wlLh loL of
mlsconcepLlons ln Lhe chlldhood he prefers Lo play Lhan conLemplaLlng on Cod ln Lhe youLh
lusL and carnal pleasures aLLracL Lhe mlnd SLlll a human belng doesnL geL serlous abouL hls
beneflL Pe keeps on posLponlng hls splrlLual maLLers for hls old age 8uL ln old age a human
belng has no opLlon buL Lo see hls Lrembllng flngers and repenL abouL hls pasL 1hus a human
belng spolls hls whole llfe A wlse person hence musL lgnore Lhe dlfferenL sLages of hls bodys
sLay on earLh and make efforLs for hls beneflL rlghL ln hls chlldhood
WhaL l have Lold you ls unchangeable facL SLarL reclLlng Lord vlshnus name for my pleasure
aLleasL Pls remembrance ls enough Lo desLroy all Lhe slns May your mlnd always conLemplaLe
on Plm day and nlghL 1hus all your mlserles shall come Lo an end
CPA1L8 1WLLvL A11LM1S 1C klLL 8APLAuA
When Lhe demons saw LhaL Lhelr all efforLs falled Lo faze rahlada and LhaL he was preachlng Lhe
demon chlldren Lhey lnformed Plranyakashlpu abouL all Lhese happenlngs Plranyakashlpu aL
once called hls cook and ordered hlm Lo polson rahlada Lhrough food 8uL Lhe polsonous food
also could noL hurL rahlada ln facL lLs polson was rendered lneffecLlve by Lhe reclLaLlon of
Lords name 1hls frlghLened Lhe cook Pe lnformed Plranyakashlpu abouL LhaL mlraculous evenL
Plranyakashlpu Lhen ordered Lhe prlesLs who were rahladas Leachers Lo lnvoke Lhe ogress
krlLya ln order Lo klll rahlada 1he Leachers Lrled Lo convlnce rahlada before lnvoklng krlLya
C prlnce you are Lhe son of greaL Plranyakashlpu and have Laken blrLh ln 8rahmas llneage
WhaL have you Lo do wlLh maLLers llke Cod and all LhaL? 1he whole world ls dependenL on your
faLher ?ou should also Lake refuge of your faLher and sLop pralslng hls opponenL laLher ls
revered and even greaLer Lhan Lhe Leachers rahlada saldC forLunaLe ones! l know Lhe prowess of
my faLher l also do noL doubL regardlng
my faLhers reverence and greaLness l wlll noL commlL any crlme agalnsL hlm buL klndly llsLen Lo
me whaL l mean by Lhe endless Cod
C Leachers! 1here are four aLLalnable goals ln ones llfe ?ou ask me whaL have l Lo do wlLh Pe
who helps all Lhe human belngs Lo aLLaln Lhese four goals uharma ArLha kama and Moksha
?ou are my Leachers ?ou are free Lo say anyLhlng Lo me 8uL wlLhln me sLays Pe who ls Lhe
creaLor of all who ls Lhe preserver of all and who ls Lhe desLroyer of all of us klndly forglve me
lf l have commlLLed any Lhlng wrong ln your honor
1he Leachers saldC foollsh boy we saved you from lmmlnenL deaLh Lhlnklng LhaL you are our
dlsclple and LhaL you wlll noL balderdash ln fuLure 8uL sLlll you speak nonsense LlsLen lf you
donL drop your sLubbornness well have Lo lnvoke krlLya Lhe ogress ln order Lo geL you slaln
unfazed rahlada sald LhaL llfe and deaLh were lmmaLerlal for Lhe soul LhaL proLecLs or desLroys
lLself Lhrough ausplclous and lnausplclous deeds Pence one should always sLrlve Lo behave ln an
ausplclous way 8uL rahladas words furLher enraged hls Leachers 1hey lnvoked Lhe ogress
krlLya Lo geL rahlada slaln krlLya hlL rahladas chesL hard wlLh her LrldenL 8uL as soon as Lhe
LrldenL Louched hls chesL lL broke lnLo pleces wlLhouL harmlng rahlada
Seelng her aLLempL falled krlLya kllled Lhe Leachers and dlsappeared Pls Leachers deaLh caused
lmmense paln for rahlada Mournlng for Lhelr deaLh he prayed Lord vlshnu Lo resurrecL Lhem Pearlng
hls prayers Lord vlshnu once agaln granLed llfe Lo hls Leachers 1he Leachers goL up as lf from a deep
slumber 1hey reallsed Lhelr mlsLake and blessed rahlada and resolved never Lo have hosLlllLy agalnsL
hlm 1hen Lhey wenL Lo Lhe palace and lnformed Plranyakashlpu abouL all Lhe happenlngs
CPA1L8 1Pl81LLn LC8uS vl81uLS Anu
8C1LC1lCn Cl 8APLAuA
Pearlng Lhe news of krlLyas fallure Lo klll rahlada kllllng of Leachers and Lhelr subsequenL
revlval as effecLed by rahlada Plranyakashlpu called hls son and asked lf all Lhose mlracles
were naLural or he knew some maglcal Lrlcks rahlada sald C faLher nelLher l know any maglc
nor ls Lhe mlracle a parL of my naLure All Lhese are ordlnary Lhlngs for he who has eLernal Cod ln
hls hearL no one can harm Lhose who never wlsh lll for Lhe oLhers All Lhe llvlng belngs are equal
for Plm ln every creaLure l see Lhe same Lord vlshnu who ls presenL wlLhln me hence l never
Lry Lo harm hlm or her l cannoL even Lhlnk of harmlng anybody lL ls Lhls feellng LhaL proLecLs me
from every physlcal menLal or dlvlnely dlscomforL
8uL Lhese words falled Lo please Plranyakashlpu Pe ordered hls men Lo Lhrow rahlada from a
very hlgh forL Lven Lhls aLLempL however falled Lo cause any harm Lo rahlada for Lhe moLher
earLh Look hlm ln her lap Lenderly ln Lhe mldway SuspecLlng some llluslonary powers helplng
rahlada Plranyakashlpu ordered Shambarasur Lo klll hlm uslng hls llluslonary powers
Shambarasur creaLed many llluslons Lo klll rahlada 8uL rlghL Lhen Lord vlshnu senL Pls
Sudarshan Chakra Lo counLer Lhose demonlc llluslons and proLecL rahlada Sudarshan Chakra
desLroyed all Lhe demonlc llluslons one by one 1hen Plranyakashlpu ordered vayu Lo dry up rahlada Lo
deaLh When vayu enLered rahladas body and began Lo dry hlm up Lhe Lord came
Lo sLay ln hls hearL where Cod absorbed all Lhe drylng effecLs of Lhe alr Lhus renderlng lL weak
AfLer all Lhose aLLempLs falled rahlada reLurned Lo hls Leachers hermlLage and resumed hls
educaLlon once agaln 1he Leachers Lralned hlm all Lhe relevanL sub[ecLs 1hen Lhey once agaln
Look rahlada Lo hls faLher and Lold hlm LhaL now hls educaLlon was over Plranyakashlpu asked
C son! Pow should one behave wlLh Lhe oLhers? 1ell me whaL have learned so far l am eager Lo
know your oplnlons
rahlada saldC faLher lndeed my Leachers have LaughL me ln dlfferenL sub[ecLs l have Loo
learned Lhem wlLh hearL 1hey LaughL me LhaL dlplomaLlc pollcles should be applled ln order Lo
Lraln frlendshlp 8uL excuse me faLher l see no frlend or no enemy so ln my oplnlon Lhese
pollcles are LoLally lrrelevanL 1ell me C faLher whaL ls Lhe use of means when Lhere ls nobody Lo
be Lralned Lord vlshnu ls presenL everywhere ln you ln me and ln all oLher creaLures Pence
lnsLead of uslng ln slnlsLerly acLlons one should use hls wlLs for good and beneflL of all
C forLunaLe one everybody longs for Lhe Lhrone and a blg klngdom 8uL only Lhose aLLaln Lhese
Lhlngs who really deserve and have Lhem ln Lhelr desLlny Lven Lhe mosL lnerL and lmprudenL
people who are weak and know noLhlng abouL Lhe pollcles geL Lhese Lhlngs because of desLlny
Pence all Lhose who wlsh for splendour musL sLrlve Lo accumulaLe plous acLlons 1hose who long
for salvaLlon musL sLrlve Lo acqulre lmparLlal vlew for all Such acLlons please Cod and when Pe
ls pleased all Lhe mlserles are aLLenuaLed
Pearlng Lhese words Plranyakashlpu klcked rahlada hard and ordered hls demons Lo Lle hlm ln
nagpash and Lhrow lnLo Lhe sea 1he demons obeyed Lhelr masLer and Lhrew rahlada lnLo Lhe sea
afLer Lylng hlm ln nagpash WlLh rahladas moLlon greaL dlsLurbances occurred ln Lhe sea seelng
LhaL Plranyakashlpu ordered Lhe demons Lo cover Lhe sea wlLh huge mounLalns so LhaL rahlada
could noL geL a passage Lo escape When Lhe demons uprooLed huge mounLalns and puL Lhem lnLo
Lhe sea rahlada began Lo pray Cod wlLh concenLraLed mlnd
CPA1L8 lCu81LLn ALA8AnCL Cl LC8u
As soon as rahlada began Lo pray Lhe Lord hls nagpash broke and Lhe mounLalns LhaL Lhe
demons had Lhrown lnLo Lhe sea also llghLened up causlng greaL rellef for rahlada Lord vlshnu
appeared before hlm and sald C rahlada! l am pleased wlLh your devoLlon ?ou may seek any
boon of your wlsh rahlada sald May l always have an uncondlLlonal devoLlon for you May
your remembrance never be away from my hearL
Cod sald ?our devoLlon for me shall always remaln Lhe same now seek anyLhlng you wlsh
rahlada sald C Lord! My faLher has always culLlvaLed hosLlllLy for you because of my
devoLlon May my faLher be free from Lhe sln of hls acLlon Lord sald C rahlada! All your
wlshes shall come Lrue buL sLlll seek any boon of your cholce
rahlada sald C Lord! l donL wanL anyLhlng oLher Lhan devoLlon for you Lord sald C
rahlada! ?ou have noLhlng ln your mlnd buL devoLlon for me so wlLh my grace you wlll aLLaln
supreme abodeSaylng Lhls Lhe Lord dlsappeared ln laLer course ulLlmaLely Plranyakashlpu declded Lo
klll
rahlada hlmself Pe Lled rahlada Lo a plllar and shouLlng abuslvely for Cod he hlL Lhe plllar
As soon as he hlL Lhe plllar lL broke and Lord appeared from lL ln narslmha lncarnaLlon Pls
appearance was exLremely formldable wlLh half human and half llon form uragglng
Plranyakashlpu Lo Lhe Lhreshold Pe kllled hlm wlLh hls powerful Lalons AfLer Lhe kllllng of hls
faLher rahlada Look over Lhe Lhrone and ruled hls sub[ecLs rellglously
CPA1L8 lll1LLn LlnLACL Cl kASP?AAS
C1PL8 WlvLS
AfLer Lhe deaLh of Plranyakashlpu rahlada conLlnued hls llneage rahlada had a son vlrochan
vlrochan ln hls Lurn had 8all as hls son 1he prowesslve 8all was senL Lo Lhe neLher world by
vamana lncarnaLlon of Lord 8all had one hundred sons among whom 8anasur was Lhe eldesL
kashyapas second wlfe uanu had sons llke uwlmurdha Shambar Ayomuk Shankushlra
kaplla Shankar Lkchakra Mahabahu 1arak Mahabal Swarbhanu vrlshparva ulom and
vlprachlLl Swarbhanu had a daughLer rabha whereas SarmlshLha updan and Palshlra were
Lhe daughLers of vrlshparva valshwanar had Lwo daughLers uloma and kalka who were
marrled Lo kashyapa lrom Lhe parL of kashyapa Lhey gave blrLh Lo slxLy Lhousand glanLs known
as aulom and kalkeya
kashyapas anoLher wlfe 1amra gave blrLh Lo slx daughLers Shukl Shyenl 8hasl Sugreevl
Suchl and Crlddhrlka Shukl gave blrLh Lo Lhe blrds llke parroLs owls and crows Shyenl gave
blrLh Lo sleep whlle 8hasl produced llghL Crlddhrlka gave blrLh Lo vulLures whereas Suchl
produced aquaLlc blrds Sugreevl gave blrLh Lo equlne anlmals llke horse camels and asses
vlnaLa one of Lhe wlves of kashyapa gave blrLh Lo Caruda and Arun Caruda became Lhe vehlcle
of Lord vlshnu whlle Arun became Lhe charloLeer of Lhe Sun Surasa gave blrLh Lo mllllons of Lhe
snakes kadru also had greaL snakes llke Shesha vasukl 1akshak ShankhshweL Mahapadm
kambal AshwaLar llapuLra nag karkoLak uhanan[ay eLc as her sons krodhavasha gave blrLh
Lo anger and devlls Surabhl gave blrLh Lo cows and buffaloes lra gave blrLh Lo Lhe Lrees
creepers and scores of grasses khasa gave blrLh Lo ?aksha and monsLers Munl produced elves
whereas ArlshLa gave blrLh Lo Candharvas
AfLer Lhe annlhllaLlon of her sons ulLl once agaln pleased kashyapa and soughL a son who could
desLroy even lndra kashyapa granLed her boon buL sLlpulaLed LhaL she would have such a son
only when she observes compleLe sancLlLy durlng one hundred years of gesLaLlon perlod ulLl
agreed Lo ablde by Lhe sLlpulaLlon 1hen Lhey copulaLed as a resulL of whlch ulLl concelved
When lndra came Lo know LhaL ulLl had concelved a son who would be able Lo desLroy even hlm
he arrlved aL kashyapas hermlLage and began Lo serve ulLl wlLh full devoLlon Pe had ln facL
arrlved Lhere Lo see lf by chance ulLl ever vlolaLed Lhe sLlpulaLlon for Lhen he would easlly
desLroy Lhe unborn chlld wlLhouL lncurrlng any sln SomeLlme before Lhe compleLlon of gesLaLlon
perlod one day ulLl dld vlolaLe Lhe sLlpulaLlon She forgoL Lo wash her feeL afLer aLLendlng
naLures call and reLlred on Lhe bed lndra was walLlng for Lhe momenL Pe aL once enLered ulLls womb
carrylng hls mace ln hand 1here he broke Lhe foeLus lnLo seven pleces buL sLlll Lhe foeLus
survlved and began Lo cry loudly lndra Lhen broke each of Lhose seven pleces lnLo seven pleces
more and consoled Lhem noL Lo cry 1hose forLynlne pleces of ulLls foeLus laLer on came Lo be
known as Marudgana Lhe asslsLanLs of lndra
CPA1L8 Slx1LLn 1PL uLSC8l1lCn Cl
unlvL8SAL C8uL8
When Lhe greaL sages crowned rlLhu as Lhe klng of Lhe enLlre earLh 8rahma had also dlvlded Lhe
klngdoms 1hus 8rahma appolnLed Chandrama as Lhe ruler of all Lhe nakshaLras planeLs
8rahmlns vegeLaLlon ?agya penance eLc Pe also appolnLed kubera as Lhe ruler of Lhe klngs
varuna as Lhe ruler of Lhe waLer bodles vlshnu as Lhe ruler of AdlLyas and Agnl as Lhe ruler of
vasus Slmllarly uaksha was appolnLed as Lhe ruler of all Lhe ra[apaLls lndra as Lhe ruler of
Marudgana and rahlada was appolnLed as Lhe ruler of Lhe demons uharmara[ ?ama became Lhe
ruler of lLragana and AlravaL became Lhe ruler of all Lhe elephanLs Caruda came Lo rule Lhe
blrds lndra was appolnLed as klng of Lhe gods uchchalsharva as Lhe klng of Lhe horses vrlshabh
as Lhe klng of Lhe cows Llon became Lhe klng of Lhe beasLs Sheshnag of Lhe snakes Plmalaya
became Lhe klng of all Lhe landmasses kaplla became Lhe klng of Lhe sages and Llger became Lhe
klng of Lhose anlmals LhaL have nalls and long LeeLh
1hereafLer 8rahma appolnLed ulkpals (guardlans of Lhe dlrecLlons) on all corners of Lhe earLh
1hese ulkpals sLlll guard Lhe earLh whlch has seven conLlnenLs and scores of blg and small clLles
All Lhe gods demons human belngs anlmals blrds repLlles ln facL every llvlng belng have
orlglnaLed from Lhe parLs of omnlpoLenL Lord vlshnu Pence nobody buL Lord vlshnu has Lhe
capaclLy Lo fosLer all Lhe llvlng belngs on earLh 1haL eLernal Cod creaLes Lhe world fosLers lL and
ulLlmaLely desLroys lL 1hus Lhe Lord has four parLs ln Lhe form of Lhls enLlre creaLlon Cne of Pls
parLs remalns unmanlfesLed as 8rahma Second parL appears llke ra[apaLls 1lme ls Pls Lhlrd
parL whereas all Lhe llvlng belngs consLlLuLe Pls fourLh parL
Slnce Lhe beglnnlng durlng Lhe exlsLence and Llll Lhe ulLlmaLe annlhllaLlon of Lhe unlverse Lhe
process of creaLlon conLlnued Lhrough 8rahma ra[apaLls and all oLher llvlng belngs ln Lhe
beglnnlng 8rahma creaLes Lhe prlmlLlve llvlng belngs 1hen Lhe process of creaLlon ls Laken over
by ra[apaLls When Lhelr progenles populaLe Lhe world Lhe process of creaLlon conLlnues
sponLaneously WlLhouL kal no one lncludlng 8rahma ra[apaLls and all Lhe llvlng belngs can
carry ouL Lhe process of creaLlon Srl Parl ls ln Lhe base of every new creaLlon LhaL Lakes place
Lhrough a preexlsLlng creaLlon 1he supreme abode of Lord vlshnu remalns lnLanglble
Srl Parl bears Lhe lnLanglble pure and all pervaslve splrlL of Lhe unlverse as kausLubh Manl Pe
bears Lhe lnLelllgence as hls mace Pe bears Lhe Lwo klnds of ego ln hls conch and Sharang bow
1hlrd klnd of ego ls presenL as Lhe wheel ln Pls hand vay[ayanLl garland LhaL adorns Pls neck
represenLs flve senses and flve physlcal elemenLs Pe bears Lhe sense and moLor organs as Lhe
arrows and Lhe sword LhaL Pe holds ls knowledge 1hus everyLhlng ls dependenL on Srl Parl Pe
ls Plmself lnLanglble buL for Lhe beneflL of human belng he bears all Lhese Lhlngs as ornamenLs
Lven Lhe counLlng of Llme ls presenL ln Plm Cod ls presenL ln all Lhe seven worlds Pe ls Lhe base of all
Lhe knowledge our ancesLor and Lhe
ancesLors of our ancesLors Pe ls presenL ln Lhe gods human belngs anlmals all Lhe vedas
Ayurveda urana and oLher rellglous scrlpLures All Lhe vlslble and lnvlslble Lhlngs ln Lhe world
have Lord vlshnu ln Lhem noLhlng ls dlfferenL from Plm Such a feellng ln Lhe mlnd keeps all
Lhe mlserles and physlcal allmenLs away
A81 1WC
CPA1L8 CnL uLSC8l1lCn Cl 8l?Av8A1S LlnLACL
MalLreya says C sage! now l wlsh Lo hear Lhe descrlpLlon of Lhe llneage of rlyavraLa who was Lhe son
of Swayambhu Manu
arashar says rlyavraLa was marrled Lo Lhe daughLer of sage kardam 1hey had Lwo daughLers
and Len sons 1hree of hls sons Medha Agnlbahu and uLra knew everyLhlng abouL Lhelr
prevlous blrLhs Pence Lhey dld noL Lake any lnLeresL ln royal luxurles 1he remalnlng seven sons
recelved Lhe domaln of seven parLs of Lhe earLh from Lhelr faLher rlyavraLa who Lhen had Laken
Lo penance aL a greaLly sacred place named Shalgram
Among Lhe elghL vasus one was Plma Merudevl was hls wlfe 1hey had a son 8lshabh
8lshabh had one hundred sons among whlch 8haraLa was Lhe eldesL When he grew old 8lshabh
Lransferred Lhe onus of hls klngdom on hls eldesL son 8haraLa and hlmself Look Lo penance ln Lhe
foresL Slnce Lhen Lhls landmass LhaL sLreLches from Lhe snowy peaks of Plmalayas Lo Lhe
splashlng lndlan Ccean ls known as 8haraLavarsha 8haraLa had a rellglous mlnded son SumaLl
lndradyumna was Lhe son of SumaLl lndradyumnas son was armeshLhl AfLer hlm Lhe llneage
of rlyavraLa conLlnued as follows raLlhar raLlharLa 8hava udgeeLh rasLav rlLhu naka
Caya nar vlraL Mahavlrya uheeman MahanL Manasyu 1wasLa vlra[ 8a[ ShaLa[lL ShaLa[lL
had one hundred sons whose descendanLs populaLed Lhe earLh 1hey dlvlded 8haraLavarsha lnLo
nlne parLs
CPA1L8 1WC CLCC8APlCAL uLSC8l1lCn
1he earLh has seven greaL lslands !ambu laksha Shalmall kusha kronch Shakh and
ushkar 1hese are surrounded by oceans havlng sallne waLer sugarcane [ulce wlne ghee curd
mllk and sweeL waLer respecLlvely !ambudweep ls slLuaLed aL Lhe cenLer SlLuaLed aL Lhe cenLer of
!ambudweep ls golden Sumeru MounLaln (Plmalayas) whlch ls elghLyfour Lhousand ?o[ans
hlgh 1owards Lhe souLh of Sumeru are Plmavan PemkuL and nlshad MounLalns 1owards lLs
norLh are neel and Srlngl MounLalns All Lhese mounLalns are Lwo Lhousand ?o[ans hlgh wlLh
slmllar expanslon
1owards Lhe souLh of Sumeru MounLaln 8haraLavarsha ls Lhe flrsL landmass followed by
klmurushavarsha and Parlvarsha ln Lhe norLh of Sumeru MounLaln 8amayak ls Lhe flrsL
landmass followed by Plranyamay and uLLarkuruvarsha All Lhese landmasses have expanslon of
nlne Lhousand ?o[ans AL Lhe cenLer of Lhese landmasses ls llavrlLvarsha LhaL bears Sumeru
MounLaln Cn Lhe four sldes of Sumeru MounLaln are four smaller mounLalns LhaL seem Lo supporL Lhe
masslve Sumeru Among Lhese four mounLalns Mandrachal MounLaln ls ln Lhe easL
and ln Lhe souLh ls Candhmadan vlpul ls ln Lhe wesL and Suparsh ls ln Lhe norLh All Lhese four
mounLalns are Len Lhousand ?o[ans hlgh and have lofLy Lrees of Cadamba !ambu lpal and
8anyan 8ecause of abundance of !ambu Lrees Lhls lsland came Lo be known as !ambudweep lL
bears blg frulLs whlch scaLLer all around upon falllng on Lhe earLh 1helr [ulce glves rlse Lo Lhe
rlver !ambu lL ls sald LhaL lLs waLer ls capable of keeplng demerlLs llke sweaL foul smell old age
and loss of senses away from Lhe drlnker When Lhe [ulce of Lhls frulL drles lL leaves Lhe soll
golden ln colour
1owards Lhe easL of Sumeru MounLaln ls 8hadrashvavarsha and Lowards Lhe wesL ls
keLumalvarsha Mldway beLween Lhe Lwo ls llavrlLvarsha Cn Lhe easLern slde of Meru MounLaln
ls Lhe foresL of ChalLraraLh ln Lhe souLh ls Candhmadan and ln Lhe wesL ls valbhra[ and Lowards
Lhe norLh ls Lhe foresL named nandan MounL Sumeru also holds four holy lakes named
Arunodaya Mahabhadra AslLoda and Manas
ShlLambh kumund kukrl Malyavan valkank are some of Lhe peaks slLuaLed Lowards Lhe
easLern slde of Sumeru 1owards Lhe souLhern slde are Lhe peaks of 1rlkuL Shlshlr aLang
8uchak and nlshad ln Lhe wesL are slLuaLed peaks of Shlkhlvasa valdurya kaplla
Candhmadan and !arudhl and ln Lhe norLh are slLuaLed Lhe peaks of ShankhkooL 8lshabh Pans
nag and kalan[
Above Lhe mounL Meru ls slLuaLed 8rahmapurl of 8rahma whlch has an expanslon of 14000
?o[ans 1he Canges LhaL rlses from Lhe feeL of Lord vlshnu clrcles Lhe lunar sphere before falllng
ln 8rahmapurl 1hence lL dlvldes lnLo four rlvers SlLa Chakshu Alaknanda and 8hadra LhaL
flow lnLo four dlrecLlons
1he landmasses of 8haraLa keLumal 8hadrashva and kuru appear llke loLus leaf ln shape
Among all Lhe peaks LhaL surround MounL Meru are presenL beauLlful caves 1here also exlsL
beauLlful Lowns and gardens ln Lhese Lowns are slLuaLed beauLlful Lemples of Lakshml vlshnu
Agnl and Surya 8avlnes of Lhese mounLalns are populaLed by Candharvas 8akshasa ?aksha
and uanavas 8esldes Lhem scores of rellglous people also llve Lhere
Lord vlshnu sLays as Payagreev (human flgure wlLh horse head) form ln 8hadrashvavarsha ln
keLumalvarsha Pe ls ln boar form and ln 8haraLavarsha Pe sLays ln LurLle form ln kuruvarsha
Lord vlshnu sLays as flsh 1hus Lord vlshnu ls presenL everywhere eople of Lhese elghL
landmasses are free from all klnds of sorrow paln emoLlons hunger eLc and lead a healLhy and
rlch llfe LhaL exLends up Lo Len or Lwelve Lhousand years All Lhese landmasses have seven
lndlgenous mounLalns each from whlch hundreds of rlvers rlse
CPA1L8 1P8LL ulvlSlCn Cl 8PA8A1A Anu
C1PL8 LAnuMASSLS
1he landmass LhaL ls presenL beLween Plmalayas and Lhe ocean ls known as 8haraLa lL has an
expanslon of 9000 ?o[ans lL ls populaLed by Lhe descendanLs of 8haraLa lL has seven naLlve
mounLalns Mahendra Malay Sahaya ShukLlman 8lksha vlndhya and arlyaLra 8haraLavarsha has
nlne dlvlslons named lndradweep kaseru 1amraparn CamasLlman
nagdweep Soumya Candharva varun and ?ahadweep whlch ls surrounded by Lhe sea and has
an expanslon of 1000 ?o[ans ln Lhe easLern parL of 8haraLa llve klraL whereas ln Lhe wesLern
parL llve ?avans ln Lhe mld parL of 8haraLa llve populaLlon of 8rahmlns kshaLrlyas valshyas
and Shudras who pass Lhelr llves engage ln works ascrlbed Lo Lhelr respecLlve class
8lvers ln lndla lrom Lhe Plmalayas rlse ShaLudrl (SuLle[) and Chandrabhaga rlvers lrom
arlyaLra MounLaln rlse veda and SmrlLl rlvers narmada and Surasa rlvers rlse from
vlndyachal 1apl ayoshanl and nlrvlndhya rlvers rlse from 8lksha MounLaln Codavarl
8heemraLl and krlshnavell rlvers rlse from Sahaya MounLalns krlLmala and 1amraparnl rlvers
rlse from Malayachal 1rlsama and Aryakulya rlvers rlse from Mahendraglrl 8lshlkulya and
kumarl rlvers rlse from ShukLlman MounLaln All Lhese rlvers have scores of oLher branches and
LrlbuLarles
lour yugas namely SaLya ?uga 1reLa ?uga uwapar ?uga and kall ?uga descend on
8haraLavarsha ln 8haraLavarsha sages observe penance Lo aLLaln beLLer llfe ln anoLher world
people organlse ?agyas and offer donaLlons Lo Lhe 8rahmlns respecLfully ln !ambudweep Lord
vlshnu ls worshlpped ln ?agyas 8haraLavarsha ls Lhe land par excellence ln !ambudweep for lL
ls a land of acLlon Soul passes Lhrough mllllons of blrLhs only Lhen lL flnds a chance Lo Lake blrLh
ln 8haraLavarsha when lLs plous deeds accumulaLe Lo a cerLaln exLenL Lven Lhe gods envy Lhose
people who Lake blrLh ln 8haraLavarsha eople ln 8haraLavarsha acL wlLhouL a deslre Lo geL frulLs
from Lhelr acLlon 1hey dedlcaLe Lhelr whole acLlon Lo Lord vlshnu and ulLlmaLely mlngle wlLh
Plm
CPA1L8 lCu8 uLSC8l1lCn Cl C1PL8 uWLLS
lakshdweep lakshdweep has an expanslon of 200000 ?o[ans lLs ruler MeghaLlLhl had seven
sons ShanLhaya Shlshlr Sukhodaya Anand Shlva kshemak and uhruva 1hose seven prlnces
laLer on came Lo rule lakshdweep Pence lakshdweep had seven dlvlslons named afLer Lhese
seven prlnces Seven mounLalns mark Lhe boundarles of lakshdweep 1hese are Comed
Chandra narada uundubhl Sobhak Sumana and valbhra[ eople of lakshdweep llve long
and pleasanL llfe Seven rlvers namely AnuLapLa Shlkhl vlpasha 1rldlva Aklama AmrlLa and
SukrlLa flow ln lakshdweep ln all Lhe lslands from lakshdweep Lo Shakhdweep only 1reLa
?uga sLays laksh Lree (akad) abound ln lakshdweep Lord vlshnu ls worshlpped Lhere as
Soma
Shalmaldweep vayushman was Lhe ruler of Shalmaldweep Pe Loo had seven sons ShweL
ParlL !lbhooL 8ohlL valdyuL Manas and Suprabh Pence Shalmaldweep was also dlvlded lnLo
seven dlvlslons named afLer Lhese prlnces A sea of sugarcane [ulce surrounds Lhls lsland
Shalmaldweep has seven mounLalns whlch are Lhe source of all Lhe gemsLones Seven rlvers flow
ln Shalmaldweep 1hese rlvers conLaln lnnumerable klnds of medlclnal herbs Lord vlshnu ls
worshlpped Lhere ln vayu form 8ecause of Lhe abundance of Semul (sllk coLLon) Lrees Lhls
lsland came Lo be known as Shalmaldweep A sea of wlne surrounds Lhls lsland kushdweep 1he ruler of
kushdweep !yoLlshman had seven sons 1helr names were venuman
valraLh Lamban ChrlLl rabhakar and kaplla 1he dlvlslons of Lhls lsland were named afLer
Lhem 1hls lsland Loo has seven mounLalns and seven rlvers
Lord vlshnu ls worshlpped here ln !anardan form 8ecause of abundance of kusha grass Lhls
lsland ls known as kushdweep A sea of ghee surrounds Lhls lsland
kraunchdweep 1he ruler of kraunchdweep uyuLlman had seven sons named kushal Mandak
ushna eevar Andhkarak Munl and uudhumbl Pence Lhe seven dlvlslons of Lhls lsland were
named afLer Lhese prlnces 1hls lsland Loo has seven mounLalns and seven maln rlvers wlLh
hundreds of small rlvers and LrlbuLarles Lord vlshnu ls worshlpped here ln 8udra form Lhrough
?agyas A sea of whey surrounds Lhls lsland
Shakhdweep 1he ruler of Shakhdweep 8havya also had seven sons named !alad kumar
Sukumar Marlchak kuLumod Maudakl and Mahadrum Pence Lhe seven dlvlslons of Lhls lsland
were named afLer Lhese prlnces Lhls lsland Loo has seven mounLalns and seven holy rlvers Lord
vlshnu ls worshlpped here ln Surya form 8ecause of an abundance of Shakh Lrees Lhls lsland
goL lLs name A sea of mllk surrounds Lhls lsland
ushkardweep 1hls ls Lhe largesL among all Lhe seven lslands lLs ruler Savan had Lwo sonsMahavlr and
uhaLakl Pence Lhls lsland has Lwo dlvlslons Mahavlrkhand and uhaLaklkhand A
huge mounLaln named MansoLra ls slLuaLed aL Lhe cenLer of Lhls greaL lsland 8rahma sLays on a
huge 8anyan Lree ln Lhls lsland A sea of sweeL waLer surrounds Lhls lsland
CPA1L8 llvL uLSC8l1lCn Cl nL1PL8 WC8LuS
LarLhs LoLal helghL ls 70000 ?o[ans ln her depLh are slLuaLed seven neLher worlds wlLh a depLh
of 10000 ?o[ans each respecLlvely names of Lhese seven neLher worlds are ALal vlLal nlLal
CamasLlman MahaLal SuLal and aLal 1hese neLher worlds have beauLlful palaces and have
lands whlch are whlLe black red and yellow ln colour wlLh gravel rocky and golden soll Scores
of races lncludlng uanav ualLya ?aksha and nagas llve Lhere
Cnce upon a Llme narada vlslLed Lhese neLher worlds When he reLurned Lo heaven he Lold Lhe
people Lhere LhaL Lhe neLher world was more beauLlful Lhan heaven Pe Lold Lhem LhaL ornamenLs
of Lhe nagas conLalned preclous gemsLones and Lhe womenfolk of ualLya and uanavas were an
aLLracLlon even for Lhe gods 1he sun was lllumlnaLlng ln Lhe neLher worlds buL noL scorchlng
Slmllarly Lhe Moon only shone Lhere buL dld noL cause blLLer cold
8eneaLh Lhe neLher worlds ls slLuaLed an ldollsed form of Lord vlshnu lL ls known as Shesh
Lven Lhe demons and glanLs cannoL descrlbe Pls vlrLues Pe has Lhousands of hoods each
carrylng a brlghL gemsLone LhaL lllumlnaLes Lhe azlmuLhs ln Pls presence Lhe demons lose Lhelr
sLrengLh Pls eyes are red and Pe wears an earrlng crown garland and blue lengLh of cloLh
8earlng Lhe flow of Canges Pe sLays llke Lhe kallash MounLaln AL Lhe end of Lhe kalpa polson
emanaLes from Pls Lhousands of hoods and desLroys all Lhe Lhree worlds Laklng Lhe form of 8udra
named Sankarshan nobody can flnd Lhe ends of Pls vlrLues hence Pe ls known as AnanL CPA1L8 Slx
uLSC8l1lCn Cl PLLLS
8eneaLh Lhe earLh and waLer are slLuaLed Lhe hells lnLo whlch Lhe slnners are Lhrown 8aurav
Sukar 8odha 1al vlshsan Maha[wal 1apLakumbh Lavan vllohlL 8udhlramabh valLarnl
krlmlsh krlmlbho[an AslpaLravana krlshna Lalabhaksha uarun uyuvah ap vahnl[wal
Adhahshlra Sandansh kalsuLra 1amas Avlchl Swabho[an ApraLlshLhlL and Aprachl are Lhe
maln hells 1hese are all under Lhe domaln of ?amara[
1hose who glve false wlLness are Lhrown lnLo 8aurav hell 1hose who klll unborn bables and
cows or desLroy Lhe vlllages fall lnLo 8odha hell 1hose who drlnk wlne klll 8rahmln or sLeal
gold fall lnLo Sukar hell 1hose who klll kshaLrlya or valshya fall lnLo 1al hell 1hose who
copulaLe wlLh Leachers wlfe or Lhelr own slsLer fall ln 1apLakumbh hell 1hose who sell women
and horses fall ln 1apLloha hell 1hose who copulaLe wlLh Lhelr daughLer or daughLerlnlaw fall
lnLo Maha[wal hell 1hose who crlLlclse Lhe Leachers and Lhe vedas or sell vedas fall lnLo Lavan
hell 1hose who vlolaLe soclal norms fall ln vllohlL hell and Lhose who envy Lhe gods Lhe
8rahmlns and Lhelr parenLs fall ln krlmlbhaksha hell
1hose who dlne flrsL even before Lhe parenLs Lhe gods and Lhe guesLs fall lnLo Lalabhaksha hell
1hose who manufacLure arrows fall ln vedhak hell 1hose who manufacLure swords fall ln
vlshsan hell 8ackblLers klllers of frlends and sellers of wlne fall ln 8udhlrandh hell uesLroyers
of ?agya and vlllages fall ln valLarnl hell
1hus Lhe slnners have Lo suffer scores of LorLures ln Lhese and many oLher hells 1hese slnners
afLer passlng Lhelr llves ln Lhe hell Lake blrLh as worms aquaLlc anlmals and blrds LerresLrlal
anlmals human belngs rellglous people eLc Cnly Lhose slnners who do noL explaLe for Lhelr slns
fall lnLo Lhe hell Cur sages have made provlslons of explaLlon for Lhose slnners who feel gullLy
ln Lhelr consclence afLer commlLLlng Lhelr slns 8emembrance of Lords name ls ln lLself Lhe
greaLesL explaLlon 8emembrance of Lords name anyLlme ln llfe desLroys all Lhe prevlous slns
lnsLanLaneously Pence reclLaLlon of vasudevas name ls sure way of aLLalnlng salvaLlon 1hus
Lhose who reclLe and remember Lord vlshnus name never fall ln any hell because Lhelr slns have
been desLroyed AnyLhlng where one feels pleasanL ls heaven and opposlLe of lL ls hell
CPA1L8 SLvLn uLSC8l1lCn Cl CLLLS1lAL
WC8LuS
MalLreya says C 8rahmln! klndly narraLe now abouL Lhe celesLlal worlds and Lhe poslLlon of
sLars and planeLs Lhere
arashar says AL a helghL of 100000 ?o[ans above Lhe earLh ls Lhe sphere of Lhe Sun 100000
?o[ans above lL ls Lhe sphere of Lhe Moon and 100000 ?o[ans above lL ls Lhe sphere of Lhe sLars
AL a helghL of 200000 ?o[ans above Lhe sphere of sLars ls 8uddh (Mercury) and 200000
?o[ans above lL ls Shukra (venus) Above venus are Mangal (Mars) 8rlhaspaLl (!uplLer) and
Shanl (SaLurn) aL respecLlve helghLs of 200000 ?o[ans each 100000 ?o[ans above Lhe SaLurn ls
SapLarlshl and 100000 ?o[ans above lL ls Lhe sphere of uhruva lL appears as Lhe cenLer of a
brlghL rlng
Cne crore ?o[ans above uhruva ls Maharloka where sages llke 8hrlgu eLc llve 1wo crore
?o[ans above Maharloka ls !analoka where 8rahmas sons Sanakadl kumars llve AL a helghL of
80000000 ?o[ans above !analoka ls 1apaloka llve delLles named valra[ who are never
conslgned Lo flames 1welve crore ?o[ans above 1apaloka ls SaLyaloka whlch ls also known as
8rahmaloka Cnly lmmorLal belngs llve Lhere
CPA1L8 LlCP1 C8uL8 Cl 1PL Sun S1A8S Anu
CCnS1LLLA1lCnS
1he Sun Lravels speedlly across Lhe sky llke an arrow Pe deLermlnes Lhe nlghL and Lhe day WlLh
Lhe rlslng and seLLlng of Lhe Sun one can have knowledge of Lhe dlrecLlons Sun llghLs up all Lhe
places ln Lhe enLlre world excepL 8rahmaloka Suns rays LhaL reach 8rahmaloka reLurn back
rendered lneffecLlve by Lhe radlance of 8rahma Slnce MounL Sumeru ls slLuaLed aL Lhe norLh of
all Lhe lslands and varsh hence Lowards Lhe norLhern slde of lL one parL of land experlences Lhe
day whlle anoLher parL experlences Lhe nlghL all Lhe Llme 1he radlanL Sun seLLlng merges wlLh
flre Pence flre also has Lhe power of lllumlnaLlng and warmlng lLs envlronmenL
AL Lhe beglnnlng of uLLarayan (norLhward moLlon of Lhe Sun) Lhe Sun enLers Lhe zodlac of
Caprlcorn 1ravelllng Lhrough Aquarlus and lsces lL reaches Lhe equaLor whlch ls aL Lhe cenLer
of Lhe earLh 1hereafLer Lhe nlghLs begln Lo decrease ln comparlson of Lhe days 1hen Lravelllng
Lhrough Arles 1aurus and Cemlnl Lhe Sun enLers Cancer Lo begln lLs souLhward [ourney
1he perlod of Llme beLween Lhe day and nlghL ls dusk LwlllghL AL LhaL Llme formldable demons
Lry Lo swallow Lhe Sun 1hus Lhey have flerce baLLle wlLh Lhe Sun 1he reclLaLlon of hymns by
learned 8rahmlns durlng dusk LwlllghL helps Lhe Sun regaln hls losL radlance WlLh hls brllllance
Lhen Lhe demons are desLroyed 1hus Lhe Sun ls a perfecL form of Lord vlshnu lL shlnes wlLh lLs
lnner radlance Cmkar ls a symbollsaLlon of Lhe Sun lL ls also mandaLory for Lhe 8rahmlns Lo
perform evenlng worshlp 1hose who do noL worshlp ln Lhe evenlng hurL Lhe Sun
1owards Lhe norLh of SapLarlshl consLellaLlon where polesLar ls slLuaLed Lhere ls an abode of
Lord vlshnu Cnly Lhose sages can reach Lhere who are free from faulLs and whose slns and plous
deeds have been aLLenuaLed Supremely brllllanL uhruva sLays ln Lhe abode of vlshnu Lvery
oLher Lhlng ls dependenL upon uhruva All Lhe nakshaLras also depend on uhruva Cn nakshaLras
depend Lhe clouds and on Lhe clouds depends Lhe raln and on Lhe ralns depend Lhe nourlshmenL of
enLlre world 1hus all Lhe oLher Lhlngs come Lo depend upon uhruva
1he sacred Canges whlch ls Lhe desLroyer of every sln also rlses from Lhe abode of Lord vlshnu
uhruva bears Lhe Canges on hls head llowlng Lhrough Lhe sphere of Lhe Moon Lhe Canges falls
on MounL Meru and flows ln every dlrecLlon Lo sancLlfy Lhe enLlre world 8aLhlng ln Lhe waLer of
Lhe Canges desLroys all Lhe slns Cfferlng of oblaLlons ln Lhe waLers of Canges saLlaLes dead
ancesLors for one hundred years SLarry chameleonllke appearance of Lord vlshnu can be seen ln Lhe
nlghL sky A polesLar ls
presenL ln lLs Lall All Lhe oLher sLars Lhe Sun Lhe Moon and oLher planeLs are presenL on dlfferenL
parLs of Lhls chameleon and go round Lhe polesLar uLLanpads son uhruva had pleased Lhls
chameleonllke appearance of Lord vlshnu wlLh hls penance and soughL a flxed poslLlon ln Pls
Lall Lven Lhe Sun ls dependenL on uhruva
1he Sun keeps on evaporaLlng Lhe waLer for elghL monLhs ln a year 1hls evaporaLed waLer Lhen
ralns for four monLhs and nourlshes Lhe soll and produces dlfferenL klnds of cereals for Lhe
nourlshmenL of Lhe enLlre world 1he waLer LhaL ls evaporaLed by Lhe Sun also nourlshes Lhe
Moon 8uL Lhe Moon lLself does noL consume LhaL waLer lnsLead lL glves LhaL waLer Lo Lhe clouds
uurlng wlnLer season Lhls waLer released by Lhe Moon falls on earLh as snow and dew
1he Sun draws waLer from Akashganga (Lhe Mllky Way) also and causes lL Lo raln on earLh aL
once 1haL waLer ls so sacred LhaL mere Louch of lL desLroys all Lhe slns 1he ralns LhaL fall durlng
nakshaLras llke krlLlka 8ohlnl Addra eLc come from Lhe waLer of Akashganga
CPA1L8 nlnL 1WLLvL nAMLS Cl 1PL Sun
ln Lhe monLh of ChalLra Lhe Sun rldes hls charloL as uhaLa uurlng LhaL perlod apsara
kraLusLhala sage ulasLya nag vasukl ?aksha 8aLhmlrlLh demon PeLl and Lhe Candharva
1umbaru are also presenL on Lhe charloL as hls asslsLanLs ln Lhe monLh of valshakh Lhe Sun rldes
hls charloL as Aryama wlLh sage ulah ?aksha 8aLhau[a apsara un[asLhala demon raheLl
snake kachchhveer and Candharva narada as hls asslsLanLs
ln Lhe monLh of !yeshLha Lhe Sun ls known as MlLra wlLh sage ALrl snake 1akshak demon
aurusheya apsara Menaka Candharva Paha and ?aksha 8aLhswan as hls asslsLanLs ln Lhe
monLh of Ashad Lhe Sun rldes hls charloL as varuna wlLh sage vashlshLa snake nag apsara
Saha[anya Candharva Puhu demon 8aLha and ?aksha 8aLhachlLra as hls asslsLanLs
ln Lhe monLh of Shravan Lhe Sun ls known as lndra wlLh Candharva vlshwabasu ?aksha SLroL
snake LlapuLra sage Anglra apsara rabhalocha and Lhe demon Sarpl as hls asslsLanLs ln Lhe
monLh of 8hadrapad Lhe Sun ls known as vlvasvan WlLh Candharva ugrasena sage 8hrlgu
?aksha Apurana apsara Anubhlocha snake Shankhpal and Lhe demon vyaghra as hls asslsLanLs
ln Lhe monLh of Ashwln Lhe Sun ls known as usha wlLh Candharva vasuruchl demon vaL sage
CauLam snake uhanan[ay ?aksha Sushen and Lhe apsara ChrlLachl as hls asslsLanLs ln Lhe
monLh of karLlk Lhe Sun ls known as ar[anya and ls asslsLed by Lhe Candharva vlshwabasu
sage 8haradwa[ snake AlravaL apsara vlshwashree ?aksha Sen[lL and Lhe demon Ap
ln Lhe monLh of Margsheersh Lhe Sun ls known as Ansh and ls asslsLed by sage kashyapa
?aksha 1arkshya snake Mahapadma apsara urvashl Candharva ChlLrasen and Lhe demon
vldyuL ln Lhe monLh of aush Lhe Sun ls known as 8haga and ls asslsLed by sage kraLu
Candharva urnayu demon Sfur[a snake karkoLak ?aksha ArlshLneml and apsara urvachlLLl
ln Lhe monLh of Magh Lhe Sun ls known as 1wasLa wlLh sage !amadagnl snake Cambal apsara
1lloLLama demon 8rahmopeL ?aksha 8lLa[lL and Candharva uhrlLarashLra ln Lhe monLh of hagun Lhe
Sun ls known as vlshnu and ls asslsLed by snake AshwaLar apsara
8ambha Candharva Suryavacha ?aksha ShaLa[lL sage vlshwamlLra and Lhe demon ?agyopeL
1hus havlng some parLs of Lord vlshnus radlance Lhese seven ganas sLay ln Lhe sphere of Lhe
Sun for one monLh alLernaLlvely 1hey are also Lhe cause of seasons llke summer wlnLer and raln
CPA1L8 1Ln Su8?A SPAk1l Anu vAlSPnAvl
SPAk1l
MalLreya says Lord lf only Lhe seven Canas are enLrusLed wlLh Lhe [ob of causlng cold and
summer droughL and raln whaL ls Lhe purpose Lhen of Lhe Suns exlsLence?
arashar says lL ls Lrue LhaL Surya ls one of Lhe seven Canas ?eL belng Lhe chlef among Lhem lL
has speclal slgnlflcance CmnlpoLenL supreme power of Lord vlshnu ls noLhlng buL Lhe Lhree
vedas 1hese LogeLher sLay wlLhln Lhe Sun and provlde lL wlLh energy necessary Lo susLaln Lhe
world 1helr presence wlLhln Lhe Sun remalns consLanL lrrespecLlve of Lhe Suns changlng names
every monLh ln Lhe mornlng 8lgveda prays Lhe Sun wlLh lLs ShruLls ln Lhe noonLlme ?a[urveda
prays Lhe Sun whereas ln Lhe evenlng ShruLls of Samaveda pray Lhe Sun 1hus Lord vlshnu
always energlses Lhe Sun
8rahma vlshnu and Mahesh are also presenL ln LrlnlLy form 1helr LrlnlLy Loo represenLs Lhe Lhree
vedas AL Lhe beglnnlng of creaLlon 8rahma was ln Lhe form of 8lgveda uurlng Lhe susLenance
of Lhe unlverse Lord vlshnu sLays ln ?a[urveda form whereas aL Lhe end of Lhe creaLlon when
ralaya occurs 8udra Lakes Samaveda form Pence Lhe reclLaLlon of Samaveda ls consldered
lnausplclous Lnergles of Lhe LrlnlLy sLays wlLhln Lhe Sun ln synergeLlc form Pence Lhe Sun
glows brllllanLly and desLroys Lhe darkness
Lord vlshnu who represenLs energy of Lhls LrlnlLy never rlses nor seLs Pls valshnavl ShakLl
never parLs wlLh Lhe Suns charloL and sLays Lhere lrrespecLlve of Lhe changlng names of Lhe Sun
wlLh monLhs 1hus Lhe Sun whlch causes Lhe formaLlon of day and nlghL always saLlaLes
lLragana uevgana and human belngs Cne of Lhe Suns rays named Sushumna nourlshes Lhe
Moon durlng lLs brlghLer phase 1hen durlng Lhe darker phase Lhe gods drlnk Lhe phases of Lhe
Moon whlch are ln facL ambrosla accumulaLed durlng Lhe brlghLer phase When Lwo days are
lefL for Lhe compleLlon of darker phase lLragana drlnk Lhe remalnlng Lwo phases of Lhe Moon
1hus Lhe Sun saLlaLes Lhe gods and Lhe deceased ancesLors
1he waLer LhaL Lhe Sun draws from earLh ls reLurned Lo Lhe earLh ln Lhe form of ralns 1hls ralnfall
produces cereals whlch nourlsh Lhe enLlre populaLlon on earLh
CPA1L8 LLLvLn uLSC8l1lCn Cl 1PL nlnL
LAnL1S
1he Moon rldes a charloL wlLh Lhree wheels 1hls charloL ls hauled by Len horses uurlng lLs
enLlre [ourney Lhe Moon passes Lhrough all Lhe LwenLyseven nakshaLras 1hese horses haul Lhe Moons
charloL for a compleLe kalpa WlLh hls rays Lhe Sun nourlshes Lhe Moon whlch loses lLs
sLrengLh because of drlnklng of lLs ambrosla by Lhe gods
When Lhe gods broughL even Lhe lasL drop of necLar from Lhe Moon lL enLers Lhe Suns sphere
1haL day ls known as Amavasya (moonless nlghL) 1haL day Lhe Moon flrsL enLers Lhe waLer Lhen
Lhe follage of Lhe Lrees creepers eLc and ulLlmaLely enLers Lhe Suns sphere 1haL ls why anybody
who cuLs Lrees or even plucks a leaf commlLs crlme equal Lo kllllng of 8rahmln Cn Lhe day of
Amavasya lLragana drlnk Lhe necLar from Lhe Moon and feel saLed 1hus Moon saLes Lhe gods
durlng Lhe brlghLer phase and Lhe lLragana durlng darker phase 1he Moon also showers lLs
necLar on Lhe Lrees creepers and oLher vegeLaLlon lL also causes exhllaraLlon for Lhe human
belngs anlmals blrds and creaLures llke lnsecLs eLc
8uddha (Mercury) ls Lhe son of Lhe Moon Pls charloL ls made of flre and alr and ls hauled by
elghL horses of deep yellow colour 1he charloL of Shukra (venus) ls also very splendld and ls
adorned by beauLlful flags Mangal (Mars) rldes a golden charloL whlch ls born from Lhe flre
Pls charloL ls hauled by elghL red horses 8rlhaspaLl rldes a golden charloL hauled by elghL yellow
horses Shanl (SaLurn) ls famous for slow moLlon Pe rldes a charloL whlch was born from Lhe
sky 1he colour of hls charloLs horses ls also very pecullar 8ahus charloL ls brown ln colour and
ls hauled by elghL black horses keLus charloL ls also drawn by elghL horses whlch are red ln
colour
CharloLs of all Lhe nlne planeLs are Lled Lo uhruva 1hus all of Lhem Lraverse Lhe same paLh agaln
and agaln year afLer year SlghLlng of Shlshumar chakra (consLellaLlon paLh) ln Lhe nlghL desLroys
all Lhe slns LhaL a human belng commlLs durlng Lhe dayLlme
WaLer ls a Langlble form of Lord vlshnu Lven Lhe earLh was born ouL of waLer SLars all Lhe
Lhree worlds foresLs vegeLaLlon mounLalns dlrecLlons rlvers sea and enLlre naLure ls Lhe form
of Lord vlshnu 1hls vlvld naLure Lhus shows omnlpresence characLer of Lord vlshnu
CPA1L8 1WLLvL LllL SkL1CP Cl 8PA8A1A
MalLreya says Lord! now l wlsh Lo hear varlous Lales from Lhe llfe of klng 8haraLa Pe was
born ln a plous land and always conLemplaLed on Cod Lven Lhen why he falled Lo aLLaln
salvaLlon? WhaL dld he do ln hls nexL blrLh as a 8rahmln?
arashar says klng 8haraLa always conLemplaLed on Cod Pe sLayed aL Shalgram for a long
Llme 1here he used Lo reclLe Lhe names of Cod and collecL varlous maLerlals for Pls worshlp
CLher Lhan LhaL he dld noL do anyLhlng Cne day whlle he was Laklng baLh ln Lhe rlver a doe
arrlved aL Lhe opposlLe bank She was ln Lhe flnal sLage of pregnancy Whlle she was drlnklng
waLer a llon roared somewhere ln Lhe foresL behlnd her 1haL roar frlghLened Lhe doe so much
LhaL she [umped across Lhe rlver Lo save her llfe LxerLlon of [umplng resulLed ln premaLure
llLLerlng of her fawn whlch fell ln Lhe rlver Cn Lhe oLher hand Lhe doe also could noL bear Lhe
paln and dled
klng 8haraLa rescued Lhe [usL born fawn and broughL lL Lo hls hermlLage Slnce Lhen he began Lo
fosLer Lhe fawn wlLh love and care WlLh Llme 8haraLas aLLachmenL grew for Lhe fawn and whenever lL
wenL ouL of slghL he would feel perplexed Soon klng 8haraLa deserLed everyLhlng
for Lhe love of Lhe fawn Pe even lefL hls rouLlne worshlp and medlLaLlon for lL would be hard Lo
concenLraLe whenever Lhe fawn was near and aL Llmes when Lhe fawn was ouL of slghL lL worrled
8haraLa and hence he could noL concenLraLe
8uL Lhe fawn could noL glve up lLs naLural lnsLlncLs When lL grew up one day lL happened Lo
slghL a herd of deer and mlngled wlLh lL Lo flnd a maLe of lLs own cholce and slnce LhaL day lL
never reLurned Lo Lhe hermlLage SeparaLlon from Lhe deer proved faLal for Lhe klng 8haraLa
Whlle dylng hls mlnd was fully concenLraLlng on Lhe LhoughLs of Lhe deer whlch he had fosLered
wlLh love and care 8ecause of lL 8haraLa Look hls nexL blrLh as a deer 8uL sLlll he remembered
hls pasL llfe So he deserLed hls herd and found a place ln Shalgram where he passed hls Llme
eaLlng dry grass and follage
ln hls nexL blrLh 8haraLa was born ln a culLured 8rahmln famlly ln Lhls blrLh also he
remembered hls pasL llves Slnce blrLh 8haraLa knew all Lhe rlLuals and scrlpLures and saw hls
soul ln a LranscendenLal way Pence even afLer hls Lhread ceremony he dld noL Lake up hls
educaLlon Lven Lhe Leachers falled Lo lnclLe hls lnLeresL ln educaLlon 8haraLa roamed here and
Lhere clad ln rags and was hence lnsulLed by fellow 8rahmlns and vlllage folk
1hus 8haraLa remalned lndlfferenL Lo Lhe oLhers LreaLmenL and susLalned hlmself on whaLever
llLLle he goL Lo eaL AfLer Lhe demlse of hls faLher hls broLhers made hlm work hard ln Lhe flelds
buL gave llLLle Lo eaL 8ecause of hls lnerLness he was known as !ada8haraLa
Cne nlghL when !ada8haraLa was guardlng hls flelds Lhe klngs commanderlnchlef vrlshaLra[
caughL hlm and Look hlm away 1he klng wanLed Lo sacrlflce hlm before goddess Mahakall 8uL
seelng Lhe supreme ?ogl belng broughL as a voLlve anlmal goddess Mahakall expressed her
wraLh by decaplLaLlng Lhe klng and drank hls blood
ln anoLher lncldenL laLer on Lhe klng of Sauveer was Lravelllng ln a palanquln Lo vlslL sage kaplla
for rellglous preachlng lncldenLally one man fell shorL Lo carry hls palanquln so Lhe oLher
carrlers saw and caughL !ada8haraLa Lo forclbly engage hlm ln Lhe work of carrylng Lhe
palanquln Whlle walklng !ada8haraLa was Laklng care noL Lo puL hls feeL on any creaLure So he
was movlng very slowly whereas oLher carrlers were walklng brlskly As a resulL of lL Lhe
palanquln was movlng [erklly causlng lrrlLaLlon Lo Lhe klng 1he klng enqulred Lhe carrlers abouL
Lhe reasons of LhaL [erky moLlon 1he carrlers lnformed hlm LhaL lL was because of Lhe new recrulL
who ls movlng very slowly 1he klng shouLed aL !ada8haraLa ?ou appear Lo be qulLe burly
uonL you have enough sLrengLh? uoes a llLLle work Llre you? !ada8haraLa sald C klng!
nelLher l am burly nor carrylng your palanquln l am nelLher Llred nor Lhere ls any need for me Lo
labour 1he klng sald ApparenLly you are burly and my palanquln ls also resLlng on your
shoulder Carrylng a load always Llres anybody Pow are you dlfferenL Lhen from Lhe oLhers?
!ada8haraLa sald C klng! llrsL of all Lell me whaL do you see dlrecLly? ?our saylng LhaL l am
carrylng your palanquln ls also meanlngless now llsLen Lo whaL l say 8oLh my feeL are resLlng
on Lhe earLh Cn Lhe feeL are Lhlghs and on Lhe Lhlghs ls belly on Lhe belly are chesL shoulders
and arms ?our palanquln ls resLlng on Lhe shoulders WhaL load am l carrylng Lhen? ?ou are ln
Lhe palanquln and l am on Lhe earLh are meanlngless words All Lhe creaLures you and me are all carrled
by Lhe flve baslc elemenLs Lven our vlrLues are conLrolled by our acLlon Cnly acLlon ls
born ouL of lgnorance 1he soul ls pure nondegradable calm lnLanglble and beyond all naLure
1hls same soul pervades all Lhe creaLures lL nelLher grows nor decays Why dld you say Lhen LhaL
l am burly? lf Lhls palanquln LhaL ls resLlng on my shoulderschesLbellyLhlghs and feeL could be
a burden for me lL could also be a burden for you Llke Lhls all Lhe llvlng belngs are carrylng noL
only Lhls palanquln buL all Lhe mounLalns Lrees houses and even Lhe earLh
Saylng Lhls !ada8haraLa became sllenL sLlll carrylng Lhe palanquln 1he klng aL once goL down
from Lhe palanquln and fell aL !ada8haraLas feeL and sald C 8rahmln! Leave Lhls palanquln and
Lell me why have you Laken Lhls gulse Who are you? WhaL ls Lhe reason of your comlng here? l
am eager Lo know abouL you
!ada8haraLa sald l cannoL Lell whaL l am and for Lhe reason why l came here l can say only LhaL
comlng and golng are all done so LhaL one can experlence Lhelr resulL 1he soul Lakes an
lncarnaLlon only Lo experlence Lhe [oy and sorrow as per lLs deeds Why are you Lhen enqulrlng
speclflcally abouL Lhe reason for my comlng here?
1he klng sald 1he soul LransmlgraLes from one body Lo anoLher only because of lLs acLlon l
wanL Lo hear from you preachlng regardlng who am l cannoL be Lold C 8rahmln! 1he soul LhaL
ls eLernal and experlences Lhe resulLs of lLs acLlon ls l 1hls mark of ego ls noL a cause of demerlL
ln Lhe soul
!ada8haraLa sald ?ou are rlghL LhaL words do noL cause any demerlL ln Lhe soul 8uL Lhe ego
expressed ln Lhe form of words ls Lhe reason for demerlL ln soul When Lhe same and slngle soul
sLays ln everybody possesslve words are Lhen meanlngless ?ou are Lhe klng 1hls ls Lhe
palanquln 1hey are Lhe carrlers and Lhose are Lhe sub[ecLs C klng! none of Lhese words has any
meanlng 1hls palanquln ls made of Lhe wood recelved from some Lree So Lell me whaL lL should
be called as a palanquln or wood nobody says LhaL Lhe klng ls slLLlng on a Lree lL ls because of
speclflc consLrucLlon LhaL a heap of wood has assumed Lhe shape of a palanquln lor Lhe purpose
of acLlon Lhe same soul ls ldenLlfled physlcally as a man a woman a cow a goaL a horse an
elephanL a blrd or a Lree 8uL ln facL Lhe soul ls none of Lhem 1hlngs llke wealLh klng
klngdom klngs army and all oLher Lhlngs LhaL you possess are noL facL 1hey are lmaglnaLlons
lor Lhe sub[ecLs you are klng lor Lhe son you are faLher lor Lhe wlfe you are husband and Lhe
faLher of her chlldren C klng! 1ell me whaL should l address you as? Are you dlfferenL from any
of Lhese nouns? Pence always be careful whlle conslderlng who am l? C klng! 1he soul ls so
arranged ln dlfferenL roles LhaL lL ls very dlfflculL Lo Lell speclflcally lLs real ldenLlLy
CPA1L8 1Pl81LLn !AuA8PA8A1A 8LACPLS
1PL klnC
1he klng saldC 8rahmln l was golng Lo see sage kaplla and have Lhe preachlng regardlng
excellenL human vlrLues 8uL now hearlng your words l feel LhaL l need noL go any furLher ?ou
are an ocean of knowledge klndly preach me abouL human vlrLues!ada8haraLa sald C klng! lor
Lhose who worshlp Lhe Lord wlLh a deslre Lo recelve wealLh and
klngdom Lhese Lhlngs are a supreme goal lor Lhose who wanL Lo aLLaln heaven acLlon ln Lhe
form of formlng ?agya ls Lhe goal 8uL Lhe supreme vlrLue ls Lo acL ln a selfless way wlLhouL
havlng a deslre for resulLs A ?ogl musL conLemplaLe on LhaL LranscendenLal soul because lL ls Lhe
only means Lo merge wlLh LhaL supreme soul
lf Lhe wealLh ls Lhe goal whlle lL ls spenL ln rellglous acLlvlLles lf Lhe son ls Lhe goal Lhe faLher
Loo mlghL have been a goal for someone 1hus Lhere ls no supreme goal because everyLhlng
exlsLs for a Llme Lhen ceases Lo exlsL Pence Lhe assumpLlon of any physlcal Lhlng as a supreme
goal ls meanlngless And conslderaLlon of soul separaLe from supreme soul ls also fuLlle 1he
soul ls one all pervaslve lmparLlal pure lnLanglble and LranscendenLal lL ls free from Lhe cycles
of blrLh and deaLh lL can nelLher be creaLed nor be desLroyed lL ls supremely omnlsclenL lLs
manlfesLaLlon ln dlfferenL llfe forms ls Lemporary and ldenLlflcaLlon of soul wlLh llvlng belngs ls
baseless Soul whlch ls presenL ln scores of llvlng belngs ls baslcally slngle and same Cnce one
comes Lo know Lhls he doesnL remaln ln darkness vell of lgnorance Lhen parLs wlLh hlm
CPA1L8 lCu81LLn 1ALL Cl 8l8Pu Anu nluACP
Pearlng !ada8haraLas words Lhe klng fell ln deep LhoughLs !ada8haraLa Lhen narraLed Lhe Lale of
8lbhu and nldagh Cnce upon a Llme ln Lhe beauLlful Lown of veernagar aL Lhe bank of Lhe rlver
uevlka Lhere llved nldagh Lhe son of ulasLya Pe was a dlsclple of 8lbhu Lhe son of 8rahma
Cnce afLer a gap of one Lhousand years 8lbhu declded Lo see hls dlsclple nldagh So he arrlved
aL veernagar nldagh welcomed and LreaLed hlm warmly ln Lhe nlghL afLer dlnner Lhey boLh saL
LogeLher and nldagh asked hlm lf he rellshed Lhe food
8lbhu sald C 8rahmln! Cnly Lhose who feel hungry are saLed l have never experlenced hunger
or LhlrsL Pow Lhen can l Lell you abouL my saLlsfacLlon? Punger and LhlrsL are Lhe vlrLues of Lhe
physlcal body PealLh and saLlsfacLlon are Lhe sLaLes of mlnd C 8rahmln! Ask Lhls quesLlon only
Lo Lhose who have Lhese vlrLues noL me Lven Lhe quallLles of food llke dellclousness and
lnslpldness are meanlngless because a dellclous edlble lLem loses lLs LasLe afLer someLlme and
causes lrrlLaLlon lnsLead of saLlsfacLlon Pence you should sLrlve Lo develop a sense of
lmparLlallLy Lowards dellclous and lnslpld food lLems Also sense of lmparLlallLy ls essenLlal Lo
aLLaln salvaLlon
CPA1L8 lll1LLn 8l8Pu 8LACPLS nluACP
Cne Lhousand years afLer Lhls lncldenL 8lbhu once agaln declded Lo see hls dlsclple nldagh So
he once agaln arrlved ln veernagar AL LhaL Llme klng of LhaL Lown was leadlng a processlon of
hls army So Lhere was a greaL crowd on Lhe maln road of Lhe Lown nldagh was carrylng some
worshlp maLerlals from Lhe foresL buL seelng a huge crowd on Lhe road he sLood aslde walLlng for
lLs dlsperslon Meanwhlle 8lbhu also arrlved Lhere Seelng nldagh sLandlng alone away from Lhe
crowd 8lbhu approached hlm and asked why he was sLandlng Lhere nldagh sald C 8rahmln!
1oday Lhe klng of our Lown had Laken ouL a processlon So l am sLandlng here walLlng for Lhe
dlsperslon of crowd so LhaL l can reach home and offer my worshlp8lbhu asked lL appears from your
words LhaL you know everyLhlng abouL your Lown klndly
Lell me who ls Lhe klng and who are Lhe sub[ecLs? nldagh sald 1he one who ls rldlng an
elephanL ls Lhe klng and Lhose who are followlng hlm on Lhe ground are hls sub[ecLs
8lbhu sald C nldagh! ?ou have shown me Lhe klng and Lhe elephanL LogeLher buL dld noL show
Lhelr dlsLlngulshlng sympLoms separaLely Who ls Lhe klng among Lhem and who ls Lhe
elephanL? nldagh sald 1he one who ls above ls Lhe klng and Lhe one who ls beneaLh ls Lhe
elephanL 8lbhu sald klndly elaboraLe whaL ls above and whaL ls beneaLh? As soon as 8lbhu
flnlshed hls words nldagh cllmbed on hls shoulders and sald Look llke Lhe klng l am above
you and llke Lhe elephanL you are beneaLh me 8lbhu sald lf you are llke Lhe klng and l am
llke Lhe elephanL klndly explaln Lo me who are you and who am l? nldagh aL once cllmbed
down and fell aL 8lbhus feeL and sald CerLalnly you are Lhe greaL sage 8lbhu 8lbhu sald
?es l am 8lbhu and l have come Lo preach you ouL of affecLlon 1hereafLer 8lbhu preached
nldagh on Lhe unlversallLy of soul and developmenL of lmparLlal vlew and lefL 8y hls preachlng
nldaghs lgnorance dlspersed and he began Lo see all Lhe creaLures equal Lo lmparLlally
C klng! Llke Lhe 8rahmln who aLLalns salvaLlon because of lmparLlal vlew you also develop an
lmparLlal vlew regardlng soul 1hen you wlll noL see anyone separaLe from you LveryLhlng ln
Lhls world ls a manlfesLaLlon of soul
arashar says 1hus preached by !ada8haraLa Lhe klng of Sauveer lefL hls parLlal aLLlLude
!ada8haraLa Loo recelved salvaLlon when he reallsed Lhe Lrue knowledge
A81 1P8LL
CPA1L8 CnL uLSC8l1lCn Cl MAnvAn1A8AS
MalLreya says C Curudev! now l wlsh Lo hear Lhe descrlpLlon of all Lhe ManvanLaras and Lhe
Manus who ruled Lhose ManvanLaras
arashar says llrsL Manu was selfbegoLLen AfLer hlm flve more Manus occurred namely
Swarochlsh uLLam 1amas 8alvaL and Chakshush All Lhese Manus had occurred durlng Lhe
prevlous ages 1he presenL Manu valvasvaL ls Lhe son of Lhe Sun and Lhls ManvanLara ls
sevenLh
ln Lhe Swarochlsh ManvanLara aravaL and 1ushlLgana were Lhe gods vlpaschlL was lndra
ur[[a SLambh ran vaL vrlshabh nlLya and arlvan were Lhe SapLarlshls ChalLra and
klmurusha eLc were Lhe sons of Manu
uLLam was Lhe Manu ln uLLam ManvanLara SushanLl was lndra wlLh Sudham SaLya !apa
raLardan and vashvarLl were hls Canas Seven sons of vashlshLa were SapLarlshls
ln 1amas ManvanLara Lhere were four caLegorles of Lhe gods namely Supar Parl SaLya and
Sudhl Lach of Lhem had LwenLyseven gods each klng Shlbl was lndra durlng LhaL ManvanLara
!yoLlrdhama rlLhu kaLya ChalLra Agnl vanak and eevar were SapLarlshls uurlng 8alvaL ManvanLara
vlbhu was lndra 1here were four caLegorles of Lhe gods namely
AmlLabh 8hooLraLh valkunLh and Sumedha wlLh fourLeen gods each Plranyaroma vedsrl
urdhvabahu vedbahu Sudama ar[anya and Mahamunl were Lhe SapLarlshls lour Manus
Swarochlsh uLLam 1amas and 8alvaL are sald Lo be Lhe dlrecL descendanL of klng rlyavraL
uurlng Chakshush ManvanLara lndras name was Mano[av Apya rasooL 8havya rlLhuk and
Lekh were Lhe caLegorles of gods each wlLh elghL delLles Sumedha vlra[a Pavlshman uLLam
Madhu ALlnama and Sahlshnu were Lhe SapLarlshls
uurlng Lhe presenL ManvanLara Lhe Suns brllllanL son Shraddhdev ls Manu AdlLya vasu and
8udra are Lhe caLegorles of Lhe gods lndras name ls uranadar vashlshLa kashyapa ALrl
!amadagnl CauLam vlshwamlLra and 8haradwa[ are Lhe SapLarlshls resenL Manu has nlne
sons lkshvaku nrlg urlshL SharayaLl narlshyanL nabhag ArlshL karush and rlshadhra
CPA1L8 1WC 8l81P Cl SAvA8Anl MAnu Anu
nLx1 MAnvAn1A8AS
MalLreya says C sage klndly narraLe abouL Lhe fuLure ManvanLaras LhaL are Lo come
arashar says vlshwakarmas daughLer Sangya was Lhe wlfe of Surya 1hey had Lhree chlldren
Manu ?ama and ?amanl Sangya once felL unable Lo bear Lhe radlance of Surya So appolnLlng
Chhaya (her shadow) ln Lhe servlce of Surya she herself mlgraLed Lo Lhe foresL and began Lo
observe a penance Surya mlsLook Chhaya for Sangya and copulaLed wlLh her 1hls resulLed ln
Lhe blrLh of Lhree chlldren one more Manu Shanl and 1apaLl Cne day geLLlng angry for some
unknown reason Chhaya who was ln Lhe gulse of Sangya cursed ?ama Cnly Lhen Surya and
?ama came Lo know abouL her real ldenLlLy 1hrough medlLaLlon Surya saw LhaL Lhe real Sangya
was observlng penance as a mare ln Lhe foresL Surya also arrlved ln Lhe foresL and maLed wlLh
Sangya ln horse form 1helr maLlng resulLed ln Lhe blrLh of Lwo Ashwlnl kumars 8eLahsLrav and
8evanL 1hereafLer Surya broughL Sangya Lo hls abode where vlshwakarma dulled hls radlance
Chhayas son Manu was a slbllng of Manu hence he came Lo be known as Savarnl
uurlng Lhe nexL ManvanLara Savarnl wlll rule as Manu SuLap AmlLabh and Mukhya wlll be Lhe
caLegorles of gods each wlLh LwenLy delLles ulLlman Calav 8ama krlp AshwaLLhama
8lshlsrlng and my son veda vyasa wlll be among Lhe SapLarlshls 8y Lhe grace of Lord vlshnu
vlrochans son 8all wlll occupy Lhe Lhrone of lndra
uaksha Savarnl wlll be Lhe nlnLh Manu uurlng LhaL ManvanLara ar Marlchgarv and Sudharma
wlll be Lhe Lhree caLegorles of Lhe gods wlLh Lwelve delLles each AdbhuL wlll be lndra Savan
uyuLlman 8havya vasu MeghaLlLhl !yoLlshman and SaLa wlll be among Lhe SapLarlshls
8rahma Savarnl wlll be Lhe LenLh Manu uurlng LhaL ManvanLara Sudhama and vlshuddh wlll be
Lhe Lwo caLegorles of gods wlLh hundred delLles each ShanLl wlll be lndra Pavlshman SukrlL
SaLya 1apomurLl nabhag ApraLlmau[a and SaLyakeLu wlll be among Lhe SapLarlshlsuharmasavarnl wlll
be Lhe elevenLh Manu vlhangam kamgam and nlrvangaLl wlll be Lhe
caLegorles of gods each wlLh LhlrLy delLles lndras name wlll be vlsh nlhsvar AgnlLe[a
vayushman Chrlnl Arunl Pavlshman and Anagh wlll be among Lhe SapLarlshls
8udrapuLra Savarnl wlll be Lhe LwelfLh Manu 8lLudhama wlll be lndra and ParlL 8ohlL Sumna
Sukarma and Surag wlll be Lhe flve caLegorles of Lhe gods each wlLh Len delLles 1apasvl SuLapa
1apomurLl 1aporaLl 1apoghrlLl 1apodyuLl and 1apodhan wlll be among Lhe SapLarlshls
8uchl wlll be Lhe LhlrLeenLh Manu SuLrama Sukarma and Sudharma wlll be Lhe caLegorles of Lhe
gods each wlLh LhlrLyLhree delLles uevaspaLl wlll be lndra nlrmoha 1aLvagarshl nlshprakam
nlruLsuk ChrlLlman Avyay and SuLapa wlll be among Lhe SapLarlshls
8haum wlll be Lhe fourLeenLh Manu Suchl wlll be lndra Chakshush avlLra kanlshLh 8hra[lk
and vachavrlddh wlll be Lhe flve caLegorles of Lhe gods Agnlbahu Suchl Shukra Magadh
Agnldhra ?ukL and !lL wlll be among Lhe SapLarlshls
WlLh Lhe passlng of Lhese fourLeen ManvanLaras a kalpa LhaL comprlses of one Lhousand yugas
wlll come Lo an end ln SaLya ?uga Lord vlshnu preaches abouL Lhe meLaphyslcal knowledge ln
kapllas lncarnaLlon ln 1reLa ?uga Pe desLroys Lhe evll doers and proLecLs Lhe world ln uwapar
?uga Pe dlvldes Lhe vedas lnLo four dlvlslons AL Lhe end of kall ?uga Lord Lakes kall
lncarnaLlon and lnsplres corrupL people Lo rellglous paLh 1hus Lord vlshnu malnLalns order ln
all Lhe four yugas and causes Lhe creaLlon susLenance and ulLlmaLely desLrucLlon of Lhe unlverse
CPA1L8 1P8LL vLuA v?ASA Anu SlCnlllCAnCL
Cl 88APMAC?An
MalLreya says C Lord! Pow dld Cod dlvlde vedas ln Lhe form of veda vyasa durlng dlfferenL
yugas?
arashar says uurlng each uwapar ?uga ln every kalpa Lord vlshnu Lakes lncarnaLlon as
veda vyasa and effecLs Lhe dlvlslon of vedas for Lhe beneflL of human belngs
uurlng every uwapar ?uga of Lhe presenL valvasvaL ManvanLara dlfferenL vyasas have dlvlded
Lhe vedas LwenLyelghL Llmes uurlng Lhe flrsL uwapar 8rahma hlmself had dlvlded Lhe vedas
uurlng Lhe second uwapar ra[apaLl was veda vyasa uurlng Lhe Lhlrd uwapar Shukracharya
was veda vyasa uurlng fourLh uwapar 8rlhaspaLl acLed as veda vyasa
uescrlpLlon of oLher sages who acLed as veda vyasa durlng Lhe subsequenL uwapars ls as
follows Surya flfLh veda vyasa MrlLyu slxLh veda vyasa lndra sevenLh veda vyasa
vashlshLa elghLh veda vyasa SaraswaL nlnLh veda vyasa 1rldhama LenLh veda vyasa
1rlshlkh elevenLh veda vyasa 8haradwa[ LwelfLh veda vyasa AnLarlksh LhlrLeenLh veda
vyasa varanl fourLeenLh veda vyasa names of nexL fourLeen veda vyasas are as follows1rayyarun
uhanan[ay kruLun[ay !ay 8haradwa[ CauLam ParyaLma va[shrava 1rlnblndhu
8lksh (valmlkl) ShakLl arashar !aLukarn and krlshnadwalpayan AfLer krlshnadwalpayan
uronas son AshwaLLhama wlll be Lhe nexL veda vyasa CPA1L8 lCu8 LxAnSlCn Cl 1PL 88AnCPLS
Cl
8lCvLuA
AL Lhe beglnnlng of creaLlon 8lgveda conLalned all Lhe four vedas wlLh hundred Lhousand
manLras 1haL 8lgveda helped a loL ln Lhe propagaLlon of Len klnds of ?agyas 1hen durlng Lhe
LwenLyelghLh uwapar my son krlshnadwalpayan effecLed Lhe dlvlslon of 8lgveda ln four
vedas AL Lhe same Llme he also Lralned four of hls dlsLlngulshed dlsclples ln Lhe sLudy of vedas
Lach one of Lhem was lnLeresLed wlLh Lhe sLudy of one parLlcular veda for lnflnlLe perlod of Llme
Accordlngly sage all masLered ln 8lgveda valshampayan ln ?a[urveda !almlnl ln Samaveda
and SumanLu ln ALharvaveda WlLh Lhe four vedas pracLlce of ChaLurhoLra also came lnLo belng
ChaLurhoLra ls now Lhe maln guldlng feaLure of all klnds of ?agyas vyasa also esLabllshed Lhe
karmas of Adhvarayu by ?a[urveda of PoLa by 8lgveda of udgaLa by Samaveda and of
8rahma by ALharvaveda
Sage all dlvlded 8lgveda lnLo Lwo dlvlslons and LaughL Lhem Lo Lwo of hls dlsclpleslndrapramlLl and
vashkal ln hls Lerm vashkal dlvlded hls branch lnLo four subbranches and
LaughL Lhem Lo hls dlsclples lndrapramlLl LaughL hls branch of 8lgveda Lo hls LalenLed son sage
Mandukeya 1hus branches and subbranches of 8lgveda grew subsLanLlally ln Lhls LradlLlon
ShakalyavedamlLra learnL a SamhlLa and dlvlded lL lnLo flve subbranches Cne of hls dlsclples
named Shakpurn creaLed Lhree SamhlLas whereas hls anoLher dlsclple creaLed nlrukLa CranLha
vashkal creaLed Lhree SamhlLas and LaughL Lhem Lo kalayanl Cargya and 1aLha[a
CPA1L8 llvL uLSC8l1lCn Cl 1PL 88AnCPLS
Cl ?A!u8vLuA
A dlsclple of veda vyasa named valshampayan creaLed LwenLyseven branches of ?a[urveda
and LaughL Lhem Lo hls dlsclples Pe had a dlsclple ?agyavalkya who was Lhe son of 8rahmaraL
AL LhaL Llme all Lhe sages LogeLher consLlLuLed a rule LhaL whoever dld noL [oln Lhelr group wlLhln
seven days on Mahameru would be held as a slnner equal Lo kllllng a 8rahmln Cnly
valshampayan had vlolaLed LhaL rullng 1he curse of Lhe sages dld come Lrue when
valshampayan kllled hls sleeplng nephew accldenLally 1hen he asked hls dlsclples Lo do away
wlLh hls sln
?agyavalkya sald Lord! All Lhese 8rahmlns are exLremely dull l wlll alone do away wlLh your
sln 1hese boasLful words lnfurlaLed valshampayan Pe sald ?ou are lnsulLlng Lhese 8rahmlns
so aL once regurglLaLe whaLever l have LaughL you ?agyavalkya sald Lord! l uLLered Lhese
words ouL of devoLlon for you SLlll you wlsh me Lo regurglLaLe whaL you have LaughL me Pere lL
ls! Saylng Lhls ?agyavalkya vomlLed ouL all Lhe ShruLls of ?a[urveda CLher dlsclples of
valshampayan pecked Lhem ln Lhe form of parLrldges Slnce Lhen Lhey came Lo be known as
1alLrlya 8rahmlns Poldlng hls breaLh ?agyavalkya Lhen sLarLed Lhe worshlp of Lhe Sun wlLh a
deslre Lo regaln ?a[urveda
leased by hls prayers Surya appeared before hlm ln horse form and asked hlm Lo seek a boon
?agyavalkya requesLed Surya Lo preach hlm Lhose ShruLls of ?a[urveda whlch were noL known even Lo
hls Leacher valshampayan Surya preached hlm Lhose ShruLls of ?a[urveda whlch were
known as AyaLyam 1he 8rahmlns who read Lhese ShruLls came Lo be known as va[l nowadays
Lhere are flfLeen subbranches of Lhese va[l ShruLls whlch were lnlLlally expounded by sage
?agyavalkya
CPA1L8 Slx 88AnCPLS Cl SAMAvLuA Anu
LlCP1LLn u8AnAS
Sage !almlnl a dlsclple of veda vyasa effecLed branches of Samaveda Sage !almlnl had a son
SumanLu SumanLu ln Lurn had a son Sukarma 8oLh of Lhem sLudled a branch of Samaveda each
Sukarma dlvlded hls branch of Samaveda lnLo subbranches and LaughL Lhem Lo hls Lwo
dlsclpleskaushalya Plranyanabh and aushpln[l Plranyanabh had flve hundred dlsclples upon recelvlng
Lhe knowledge of Samaveda branch from Plranyanabh Lhese dlsclples came Lo be known as
rachya Samag ulsclples of aushpln[l also effecLed dlvlslons ln Samaveda LhaL Lhey recelved
from Lhelr Leacher Cne more dlsclple of Plranyanabh named krlLl LaughL LwenLyfour SamhlLas
of Samaveda Lo hls dlsclples
Sage SumanL LaughL ALharvaveda Lo hls dlsclple kabandh kabandh dlvlded lL lnLo Lwo parLs and
LaughL Lhem Lo uevdarsh and aLhya respecLlvely A dlsclple of aLhya named Shaunak dlvlded
hls SamhlLa lnLo Lwo parLs and gave one of Lhem Lo hls dlsclple vabhru and anoLher Lo Salndhav
Salndhavs dlsclple Mun[lkesh dlvlded hls SamhlLa lnLo Lhree parLs resenLly flve SamhlLas of
ALharvaveda namely nakshaLrakalpa vedakalpa SamhlLakalpa Anglraskalpa and ShanLlkalpa
are consldered auLhenLlc
SLlll unsaLlsfled by hls achlevemenL sage veda vyasa creaLed urana SamhlLa and LaughL Lhem
Lo hls famous dlsclple 8omaharshan SuLa 1he SamhlLa LhaL was creaLed by 8omaharshan was
Lhe base of Lhree SamhlLas AkrlLvrana Savarnl and Shanspayan creaLed by kashyapagoLrlya
8rahmlns vlshnu urana ls ln a way a summaLlon of Lhese four SamhlLas 1here are ln all
elghLeen uranas ln chronologlcal order Lhese are as follows 8rahma urana adma urana
valshnav urana Shlva urana 8hagvaL urana narada urana Markandeya urana Agnl
urana 8havlshya urana 8rahmavalvarL urana Llnga urana varaha urana Skanda urana
vamana urana kurma urana MaLsya urana Caruda urana and 8rahmand urana
CPA1L8 SLvLn ?AMACl1A
MalLreya says Lord! AL Lhe end of a llfe span all Lhe people come Lo be conLrolled by ?amara[
When Lhey are bound Lo undergo scores of sufferlng ln dlfferenL klnds of hells klndly narraLe
abouL such acLlon by whlch a human belng geLs free from Lhe noose of ?amara[
arashar says ?oungesL among Lhe andavas nakul had once puL Lhe same quesLlon before
lLamaha 8hlsma l am narraLlng whaL once 8hlsma had narraLed Lo nakul 8efore sendlng
?amara[ advlses hls agenLs Lo sLay away from Lhe devoLee of Lord krlshna
?amara[ ls lord of all Lhe human belngs excepL valshnavas Cnly Lord vlshnu ls able Lo conLrol
?amara[ AbouL Lhe devoLee of Lord vlshnu ?amara[ says Pe who does noL devlaLe from hls duLles
even ln severesL of crlsls who does noL sLeal Lhe wealLh of oLhers and klll anlmals ls
undoubLedly a devoLee of Lord vlshnu Pe who bears Lord vlshnu ln hls hearL ls a devoLee of
Lord vlshnu Pe who ls free from all klnds of ego and llluslons and always wlshes well for Lhe
oLhers wlLh pure and peaceful hearL ls a devoLee of Lord vlshnu 1hus Lhose who always
conLemplaLe on Lord vlshnu donL even fear deaLh ?ama ?amadooL ?amapash ?amagana and
even LorLures of ?ama are unable Lo hurL Lhem
CPA1L8 LlCP1 uu1lLS Cl lCu8 CLASSLS Cl
SCClL1?
MalLreya says Lord! Pow should one worshlp Lord vlshnu? klndly descrlbe lL Lo me
arashar says klng Sagar had asked Lhe same Lhlng from sage Aurv l am narraLlng whaL sage
Aurv had preached hlm
Cnly Lhose who fulfll Lhelr responslblllLles and dlscharge Lhelr duLles as per Lhelr class can
worshlp Lord vlshnu 1hose who shun acLlvlLles llke crlLlclslng oLhers backblLlng womanlslng
sLeallng oLhers wealLh and vlolence Lhose who do noL LorLure oLhers and are always ready Lo
serve Lhe gods 8rahmlns and Leachers are able Lo please Lord vlshnu Slmllarly one should be
always consclous regardlng hls duLles as per hls class
Accordlngly a 8rahmln should carry ouL ?agyas sLudy scrlpLures and should noL ever Lry Lo hurL
anybody A kshaLrlya musL organlse ?agyas and sLudy scrlpLures Pe should also make
donaLlons Lo 8rahmlns and Lake weapons ln order Lo proLecL Lhe earLh A valshya musL earn hls
llvellhood Lhrough caLLle rearlng commerce and agrlculLure 8esldes he should also organlse
?agyas make donaLlons and sLudy scrlpLures A Shudra ls expecLed Lo earn hls llvellhood Lhrough
handlcrafLs SaluLlng learned people ls equal Lo organlslng ?agya for a Shudra A Shudra may
also make donaLlons and oblaLlons Lo appease hls dead ancesLors
ln Lhe Llme of emergency a 8rahmln may shlfL Lo Lhe occupaLlons meanL for kshaLrlya and
valshya A kshaLrlya may Lake Lhe occupaLlon of a valshya durlng emergency buL none of Lhem
should ever Lake Lo Lhe occupaLlon of Shudra
CPA1L8 nlnL uLSC8l1lCn Cl ulllL8Ln1
ASP8AMAS
Slnce blrLh Llll deaLh human llfe passes Lhrough dlfferenL sLages lor Lhe purpose of slmpllclLy ln
followlng Lhese sLages our sages have made provlslons for four sLages or ashramas ln llfe namely
8rahmacharya CrlhasLha vanprasLha and Sanyas
upanayana Sanskara (Lhread ceremony) marks Lhe beglnnlng of educaLlon for Lhe chlldren born
ln 8rahmln kshaLrlya and valshya classes lor Lhls purpose a dlsclple musL sLay ln hls Leachers
hermlLage and observe cellbacy sLrlcLly 1here he musL serve hls Leacher and worshlp Surya and
Agnl 1he dlsclple ls expecLed never Lo dlsobey hls Leacher AcLlvlLles should be accordlng Lo Lhe
Leachers guldellnes Pe should also make arrangemenLs for Lhe dally worshlp of hls Leacher ln
Lhe way of collecLlng dlfferenL maLerlals llke Pavan samagrl waLer kusha flowers eLc
AfLer Lhe compleLlon of educaLlon and paylng all Lhe dues Lhe dlsclple ls ready Lo sLarL second
sLage of hls llfe LhaL ls CrlhasLha ashrama lor Lhls he should flrsL flnd a sulLable glrl from hls
class and make merry uurlng Lhls sLage he should earn hls llvellhood by occupaLlons ascrlbed
for hls class Pe should please Lhe gods by ?agyas hls ancesLors by oblaLlons ra[apaLls by
produclng chlldren specLres by offerlng sacrlflces of cereals and socleLy by love Lven Lhe
asceLlc and cellbaLes depend on marrled people for Lhelr dally bread Pence marrled llfe or
CrlhasLha ashrama ls sLaLed Lo be excellenL among all Lhe ashramas A CrlhasLha musL welcome
and warmly LreaL Lhe guesLs who arrlve unexpecLedly Such a household from where a guesL
reLurns desperaLely never succeeds ln rellglous maLLers All Lhe worshlp and ?agyas offered ln
such a household go fuLlle Pence lL ls noL proper for Lhe householder Lo show ego and abuse a
guesL oLherwlse he wlll have Lo explaLe for lL laLer
A person musL always be on alerL Lo recognlse Lhe Llme when lL ls apL Lo Lake vanprasLha When
Lhe chlldren grow and begln Lo hold Lhe responslblllLy of Lhe household one enLers Lhe Lhlrd sLage
le vanprasLha ashrama So leavlng hls wlfe ln Lhe shelLer of hls chlldren or Laklng her wlLh hlm
one should mlgraLe Lo Lhe foresL and llve a slmple llfe susLalnlng on whaLever llLLle ls avallable
from Lhe naLure 1hls sLage musL be passed observlng severe penance and resLralnlng ones
senses Sanyas ashrama ls Lhe fourLh sLage of llfe Cne should glve up all acLlvlLles relaLed Lo
uharma ArLha and kama ln Lhls sLage Pe should keep an lmparLlal vlew for all and culLlvaLe a
feellng of love for all Lhe creaLures Pe should noL hurL anybody by hls words acLlons or even
LhoughLs Pe should noL sLay ln a vlllage or Lown for more Lhan flve days Pe should susLaln hls
llfe on alms
CPA1L8 1Ln CuS1CMS Anu CCnSLC8A1lCnS
AL Lhe Llme of chlldblrLh lL ls Lhe faLhers responslblllLy Lo carry ouL cerLaln cusLoms and
consecraLlons for Lhe chlld llrsL of all !aLakarma Sanskara ls carrled ouL by whlch Lhe newly
born baby ls lncluded ln Lhe famlly uurlng Lhls cusLom a 8rahmln couple ls fed lL ls also
necessary for Lhe couple LhaL Lhey should slL faclng easL whlle feedlng 1hereafLer Lhe parenLs
should offer oblaLlons Lo appease Lhe gods and dead ancesLors Lumps made of barley flour curd
and berrles should be offered as oblaLlons Slmllar consecraLlons are carrled ouL aL Lhe Llme of
chlldrens marrlage
Cn Lhe LenLh day afLer Lhe blrLh Lhe namlng ceremony ls carrled ouL ulfferenL casLes and rellglon
have dlfferenL LradlLlons regardlng namlng Lhe newly born chlld lL ls commonly seen LhaL mosL
of Lhe chlldren are named afLer Lhe delLles and gods SLlll one should see LhaL Lhe name should noL
be meanlngless abuslve or lnausplclous racLlce of selecLlng excepLlonally long and dlfflculL Lo
pronounce names should also be avolded
1he second sLage ln a chllds llfe ls when he or she beglns educaLlon ln anclenL Llmes Lhread
ceremony used Lo be carrled ouL and Lhe chlldren were senL Lo Lhelr Leachers hermlLage for
educaLlon ln modern age Lhread ceremony ls followed more or less ln slmllar way as lL used Lo
be ln Lhe pasL 8uL chlldren are noL senL Lo Curukul for educaLlon any more AfLer compleLlng educaLlon
a person should geL marrled and run hls own llfe ln Lhe pasL Lhere had been elaboraLe
rlLuals for Lhe selecLlon of sulLable brlde Llders of Lhe house used Lo selecL a proper maLch for Lhe
boy 1helr cholce ln mosL cases depended on many aLLrlbuLes and bodlly feaLures of Lhe glrl 8uL
ln modern age wlLh lncreased lnLeracLlon among Lhe people lL ls noL posslble Lo follow each and
every cusLom relaLed Lo selecLlon of brlde SLlll one should Lake care noL Lo marry ln hls moLhers
llneage for up Lo flfLh generaLlon and ln hls faLhers llneage up Lo sevenLh generaLlon
CPA1L8 LLLvLn uLSC8l1lCn Cl
8lCP1LCuSnLSS
A marrled man knows Lhe lmporLance of followlng a rlghLeous dlscourse Marrled llfe ls llke a
penance ln whlch a couple glves blrLh and ralses nexL generaLlon A marrled man ls expecLed Lo
geL up early ln Lhe mornlng and conLemplaLe on rellglous Lhlngs lL helps hlm Lo follow rlghLeous
dlscourse Pe ls expecLed Lo aLLend naLures call ln naLural envlronmenL away from hls house Soll
ls consldered Lhe besL means Lo wash hands lL should be followed by cleanslng of Lhe body Pe
should Lhen offer oblaLlons wearlng fresh cloLhes Lo sages delLles and hls dead ancesLors
Cfferlng oblaLlons Lo Lhe Sun worshlp of LuLelary god and oLher delLles follows Lhen
lf Lhe household ls havlng some caLLle Lhe head of Lhe famlly should hlmself mllk Lhem and Lhen
walL for Lhe guesL lf and when a guesL arrlves Lhe head of Lhe famlly musL offer hlm a seaL
respecLfully and LreaL hlm well wlLh dellclous food and pleasanL Lalk ln lndlan LradlLlon a guesL
ls regarded equal Lo a delLy Pe should Lake food only afLer feedlng Lhe guesL Lvenlng Llme has
also elaboraLe rlLuals for a marrled man llrsL of all afLer flnlshlng dally chores a marrled man
musL worshlp wlLh peaceful mlnd lL ls also good for hls healLh Lo Lake food early ln Lhe evenlng
and reLlre Lo a wooden bedsLead nlghL Llme ls consldered sulLable perlod for en[oylng carnal
pleasure Pere Loo a marrled man should en[oy lnLlmacy wlLh hls wlfe only
CPA1L8 1WLLvL SAnC1lllCA1lCn Al1L8 8l81P
Anu uLA1P
Llfe on earLh ls llke an lnflnlLe ocean ln whlch blrLh appears llke a bubble and deaLh marks Lhe
bursLlng of LhaL bubble afLer whlch lL exlsLs no more ALmosphere of a household ls sald Lo be
deflled when a blrLh or deaLh occurs ln lL 1here are dlfferenL sancLlfylng cusLoms Lo be carrled
ouL on boLh Lhese occaslons AfLer Lhe blrLh of a son Lhe faLher should offer oblaLlons Lo please
Lhe gods and hls ancesLors afLer Laklng a baLh
When a deaLh occurs ln a household close relaLlves should Lake baLh and carry Lhe cadaver
adorned wlLh flowers and garlands ouLslde Lhe vlllage or welldemarcaLed cremaLlon ground for
cremaLlon As per Lhe rellglous LradlLlon of Lhe deceased Lhe body should elLher be conslgned Lo
Lhe flames or burled 1hen Lhe relaLlves should agaln Lake baLh ln Lhe pond or rlver faclng souLh
and offer waLery oblaLlons Lo Lhe dead person Slnce LhaL day lndadan (offerlng sweeL balls
made of barley flour sesame seeds [aggery and honey) should be done for Len days Cn Lhe
fourLh day of Lhe cremaLlon ashes should be collecLed for lmmerslon ln holy places of
pllgrlmage1he person who had carrled ouL Lhe cremaLlon musL absLaln from lnLlmacy for LhlrLeen days
CuLslders are also barred from eaLlng cereals from such a household where a deaLh has occurred
lor Lhe dlfferenL classes of Plndu socleLy Lhls sancLlfylng perlod varles lor 8rahmlns lL ls Len
days for kshaLrlyas lL ls Lwelve days for valshyas lL ls flfLeen days and for Shudras Lhls perlod
has been flxed for one monLh Cn Lhe same day ln every subsequenL monLh oblaLlons should be
offered Lo Lhe dead for one year
CPA1L8 1Pl81LLn uA?S lC8 MCn1PL?
C8LA1lCnS
A Shradha carrled ouL wlLh devoLlon pleases Lhe enLlre world lncludlng human belngs 8rahma
lndra 8udra Ashwlnl kumars Surya Agnl vasugana Marudgana vlshwadeva lLragana
blrds anlmals repLlles sages and of course Lhe dead ancesLors Moonless and elghLh day ln Lhe
darker phase of every lunar monLh are consldered Lhe besL days for offerlng oblaLlons Lo Lhe dead
ancesLors
AparL from Lhese Lwo Lhlrd day ln Lhe brlghLer phase of valshakh nlnLh day ln brlghLer phase of
karLlk LhlrLeenLh day ln Lhe darker phase of 8hadrapad and Amavasya of Magh are also
consldered excellenL uurlng lunar and solar ecllpses also oblaLlons should be made wlLh waLer
and sesame seeds lf ShaLabhlsha nakshaLra occurs on Amavasya of Magh lL ls consldered an
excellenL con[ugaLlon for offerlng oblaLlons Lo dead ancesLors 8aLhlng ln rlvers llke Canga
SuLle[ ?amuna vlpasha SaraswaLl ComLl Codavarl eLc whlle maklng oblaLlons ls also sald Lo
be exLremely beneflLlng lL ls noL necessary also Lo show greaL pomp and show whlle maklng
oblaLlons lf one doesnL have enough money Lo offer oblaLlons properly he may slmply pray Lhe
Sun saylng LhaL he ls noL forLunaLe enough Lo have wealLh 1hus hls ancesLors would be pleased
by hls devoLlon alone
CPA1L8 lCu81LLn ML1PCu lC8 C8LA1lCnS
Whlle maklng oblaLlons Lo Lhe dead ancesLors one should feed hls near and dear ones as well as
learned 8rahmlns who respecL Lhelr parenLs lnLlmacy wlLh women ls barred for Lhose who have
Laken food ln an oblaLlon Any guesL who happens Lo arrlve unexpecLedly and unlnvlLed should
be LreaLed well 8efore feedlng plaln cereals should be offered Lhrlce Lo Lhe flre reclLlng
followlng hymns ACnA?L kAv?A vAPAnA?L SWAPA | SCMA? l18AMA1L
SWAPA | vAlvASvA1A? SWAPA ||
8emalnlng cereals Lhen should be served wlLh Lhe food Lo Lhe 8rahmlns and some parLs should
also be casL on earLh and waLer should be offered on Lhem
AfLer Lhe feasL Lhe 8rahmlns should be seen off wlLh respecL 1he hosL should Lhen Lake food
along wlLh hls famlly Anger over enLhuslasm and walklng on Lhe sLreeL ls forbldden for Lhe hosL
durlng oblaLlon perlod CPA1L8 lll1LLn uCS Anu uCn1S uu8lnC
C8LA1lCn
CblaLlon wlLh flesh of flsh rabblL mongoose hog deer gram flour and cereals cause exLreme
saLlsfacLlon for Lhe ancesLors 8uL ln modern kall ?uga all Lypes of flesh are forbldden ln
oblaLlon rlLuals Cnly cereals mllk honey eLc are allowed Cfferlng of oblaLlon ln Caya (a place
of pllgrlmage ln 8lhar) ls sald Lo save all Lhe ancesLors 8arley wheaL rlce sesame seeds peas
and musLard are Lhe common cereals and gralns used ln oblaLlons
Cfferlng of oblaLlon ls a sacred affalr uurlng Lhe procedure care should be Laken LhaL an eunuch
Chandala slnner lmposLer paLlenL cock dog a naked person monkey plgs a woman ln
menses and anybody ln whose house a deaLh or blrLh has occurred donL see Lhe performer
oLherwlse nelLher Lhe delLles nor Lhe ancesLors would accepL Lhe oblaLlons WaLer used ln oblaLlon
should also be free from odour and foam Mllk of camel sheep doe and buffalo should noL be
used ln oblaLlons 8efore beglnnlng Lhe rlLual drlve ouL Lhe evll splrlLs from Lhe selecLed plece of
land lL should be cuL off from ouLslde lnfluences Lhrough enclosures
CPA1L8 Slx1LLn 1PL 8A11LL Cl CCuS Anu
uLMCnS
8lg Sama and ?a[urveda are llke Lhe cloLhes of Plndu socleLy 1hose who glve Lhem up are ln
facL naked 1hls sLaLemenL ls endorsed by Lhe followlng Lale
Cnce upon a Llme a baLLle occurred beLween Lhe demons and Lhe gods lL lasLed for one hundred
years aL Lhe end of whlch perlod Lhe demons defeaLed Lhe gods 1he humlllaLed gods reached
ksheersagar and prayed Lord vlshnu leased by Lhelr prayers Lord vlshnu appeared before Lhe
gods All Lhe gods greeLed Plm and sald C Lord! ln sheer vlolaLlon of 8rahmas dlcLaLe
formldable demons have kldnapped even our due shares offered ln Lhe oblaLlons roLecL us from
Lhe onslaughL of Lhe demons We cannoL flll Lhem because Lhey ablde by Lhelr rellglon klndly
show us a way Lo klll Lhe demons
Pearlng Lhe pleas of Lhe gods Lord vlshnu produced Mayamoha from Pls body and glvlng Lhem
Lo Lhe gods sald Mayamoha wlll cause llluslon ln Lhe mlnds of Lhe demons 1he llluslon wlll
lnfluence Lhe demons Lo vlolaLe Lhe paLh shown by Lhe vedas ?ou can klll Lhem afLer LhaL
Saylng Lhls Lhe Lord dlsappeared 1he gods Look Mayamoha and reached Lhe abode of Lhe
demons
CPA1L8 SLvLn1LLn ulALCCuL Cl MA?AMCPA
Wl1P uLMCnS
Mayamoha was produced ln a naked form lL reached Lhe bank of narmada and saw Lhe demons
observlng penance Lhere 1he naked Mayamoha Lhen approached Lhem and sald ln a sweeL volce
C demons! WhaL ls Lhe purpose of your penance? 1he demons sald We are observlng penance Lo
achleve Lhe meLaphyslcal world Mayamoha sald lf you long for salvaLlon do as l
suggesL lollow Lhe rellglon whlch ls llke an open gaLe Lo salvaLlon WlLh such sweeL Lalk
Mayamoha began Lo lllumlne Lhe demons mlnd Mayamoha confused Lhem furLher saylng C
demons lf you long for salvaLlon or a place ln Lhe heaven glve up sacrlflclng anlmals and aLLaln
enllghLenmenL lL ls wrong noLlon Lo say LhaL vlolence ls Lhe rellglous paLh Cfferlng of oblaLlons
ln flre ls also chlldlsh Lven an anlmal whlch eaLs green grass ls beLLer Lhan lndra who ls obllged
Lo eaL wood desplLe aLLalnlng LhaL poslLlon afLer hundreds of greaL ?agyas lf an anlmal whlch ls
sacrlflced ln ?agya aLLalns heaven performer of ?agya would have kllled hls own faLher
1hus wlLh Lhese wlLLy Lalks Mayamoha devlaLed Lhe demons from Lhe rlghLeous paLh because of
whlch Lhey losL lnLeresL ln vedas Cnce lL was achleved Lhe gods aLLacked Lhe demons wlLh full
preparaLlons ulLlmaLely many demons were kllled whereas Lhose who remalned came Lo be
known as naked because Lhey no longer followed Lhe Leachlngs of vedas 1hus anybody who
does noL pracLlce Lhe Leachlngs of vedas ln hls llfe ls known as naked 1hose who do noL Lake Lo
vanprasLha or Sanyas afLer Lhe compleLlon of CrlhasLha ashrama are naked
1ale of ShaLadhanu ln Lhe anclenL Llmes Lhere was a klng named ShaLadhanu Pls queen Shalvya
was a rlghLeous and rellglous woman 1he klng and Lhe queen had worshlpped Lord vlshnu
observlng severe penance Cn Lhe full moon day ln Lhe monLh of karLlk when Lhe klng and queen
came ouL of Lhe Canges afLer Laklng baLh Lhey happened Lo slghL an lmposLer 8rahmln who was
comlng from Lhe opposlLe dlrecLlon 1he 8rahmln was a frlend of Lhe klngs Leacher So Lhe klng
LreaLed Lhe 8rahmln wlLh respecL 8uL hls chasLe wlfe dld noL show any respecL for Lhe lmposLer
and kepL sllenL all Lhrough Lhe Lalk She Lhen had a slghL of Lhe Sun Lo explaLe for Lhe meeLlng
wlLh an lmposLer Cn Lhelr reLurn Lo Lhe palace Lhe klng and Lhe queen worshlpped Lord vlshnu
wlLh proper rlLuals
ln due course Lhe klng dled 1he queen also commlLLed SaLl Slnce Lhe klng had commlLLed Lhe
sln of Lalklng Lo an lmposLer durlng hls penance Lhe klng had commlLLed Lhe sln of Lalklng Lo an
lmposLer durlng hls penance he Look blrLh ln a dog form whereas queen Shalvya Look blrLh as Lhe
daughLer of a kashl klng She was exLremely beauLlful and knew everyLhlng abouL her prevlous
blrLh When her faLher declded Lo marry her off she requesLfully refused for she knew LhaL her
prevlous blrLh husband was roamlng Lhe sLreeLs and lanes of vldlsha ln a dog form
1he prlncess of kashl Lhen reached vldlsha and found ouL LhaL dog was ln facL klng ShaLadhanu
She fed Lhe dog wlLh dellclous food eaLlng whlch Lhe dog began Lo wag lLs Lall and show humlllLy
before Lhe prlncess 1he prlncess saluLed Lhe dog and narraLed Lhe whole Lhlng Lo lL LhaL lL was
because of hls sln of Lalklng Lo an lmposLer durlng penance LhaL he had Lo Lake blrLh as a dog
1hus remlnded by Lhe prlncess Lhe dog conLemplaLed for long on Lhe evenLs of hls prevlous
blrLh Pe grew so sad LhaL he gave up Lhe dog form on Lhe ouLsklrLs of Lhe Lown ln hls nexL blrLh
however he was born as a [ackal Agaln Lhe prlncess came Lo know LhaL Lhe [ackal was klng
ShaLadhanu and asked hlm wheLher he conLlnued Lo Lalk Lo Lhe lmposLer afLer Lhelr conversaLlon
ln Lhe prevlous blrLh? Cnly Lhen klng ShaLadhanu came Lo reallse hls mlsLake Pe Lhen observed
fasL Llll deaLh 8uL ln hls nexL blrLh he was born as a wolf Agaln Lhe prlncess remlnded hlm of
hls prevlous blrLh 1he klngs became a vulLure ln hls nexL blrLh AfLer LhaL he Look blrLh ln crow
form and Lhen as a peacock uurlng LhaL Llme klng !anaka was organlslng an Ashwamedha ?agya ln Lhe
yagya Lhe peacock was also glven a ceremonlal baLh by Lhe prlncess uurlng Lhe
baLh Lhe prlncess remlnded Lhe peacock (klng ShaLadhanu) of hls prevlous blrLh Lhe peacock Loo
dled and Look nexL blrLh as Lhe son of klng !anaka
lL was only afLer Lhe blrLh of klng !anakas son LhaL Lhe prlncess Lold her faLher Lo organlse a
Swayamvara for her ln Lhe Swayamvara Lhe prlnce also arrlved 1he prlncess accepLed hlm
respecLfully as her husband
A81 lCu8
CPA1L8 CnL uLSC8l1lCn Cl vAlvASvA1 MAnuS LlnLACL
Llneage of valvasvaL Manu flnds lLs orlgln aL 8rahma 8rahma was Lhe flrsL Lo appear from Lord
vlshnu who ls Lhe prlmlLlve cause for Lhe whole creaLlon lrom Lhe rlghL hand Lhumb of 8rahma
uaksha ra[apaLl appeared uaksha produced AdlLl and AdlLl produced vlvasvan Manu was Lhe
son of vlvasvan lkshvaku nrlg CrlshLh SharayaLl narlshyanL ranshu nabhag ulshLa
karup and rlshadhra are Lhe Len sons of Manu
WlLh a deslre for a son Manu organlsed a ?agya Lo please Lhe delLles MlLra and varuna 8uL
durlng Lhe ?agya because of a wrong resoluLlon of oblaLor a daughLer named lla was born Lo
Lhem 8uL by Lhe grace of MlLravaruna she goL mascullne appearance and a name Sudyumna ln
laLer course by Lhe wraLh of Lord Shlva Sudyumna was converLed lnLo a woman ln woman form
when Sudyumna was roamlng near Lhe hermlLage of 8uddha Lhe son of Chandrama her beauLy
lnfaLuaLed 8uddha As a resulL of Lhelr unlon a son ururava was born Lven afLer Lhe blrLh of
ururava Sudyumna could noL glve up hls LempLaLlon Lo be a man agaln Pence learned sages
organlsed a ?agya for Sudyumna and goL hlm converLed lnLo a man agaln ln mascullne form
Sudyumna produced Lhree sons uLkal Caya and vlnaL Manu had presenLed a Lown named
raLhlshLha Lo Sudyumna whlch he laLer on presenLed Lo ururava
ururavas progenles spread ln all dlrecLlons and acqulred kshaLrlya casLe Manus son
rlshadhra became a Shudra because of kllllng a cow of hls Leacher Manus anoLher son karush
produced an excepLlonally sLrong kshaLrlya named karush Llneage of ulshLa grew as followsnabhag
8albandhan klrLlman vaLsapreeLl ranshu ra[apaLl khanlLra Chakshush vlmbha
vlvlmbhak khanlneLra ALlvlbhuLl karandham AvlkshlL MaruL
MaruL had a son narlshyanL Llneage of narlshyanL grew as follows uama 8a[vardhan
Suvrlddhl keval SughrlLLl nara Chandra keval 8andhuman veghvan 8uddha 1rlnvlndu
1rlnvlndu had a daughLer llavlla and a son vlshal vlshal ln laLer course founded vlshala
Llneage of vlshal grew as follows Pemchandra Chandra uhumraksh Srln[ay Sahadev
krlshasva SomaduLLa !anme[aya SumaLl
Manu son SharayaLl had a daughLer Sukanya who was marrled Lo sage Chyavan ln pecullar
clrcumsLances AnarL was Lhe son of SharayaLl AnarL had a son 8alvaL who founded hls caplLal aL
kushasLhall and ruled hls klngdom on earLh 8alvaL had one hundred sons Lhe eldesL among
whom was kakudml Pe had a daughLer 8evaLl 8alvaL Look 8evaLl wlLh hlm and approached 8rahma
who asked abouL a sulLable maLch for her AL LhaL Llme Candharvas were slnglng near
8rahma 8alvaL llsLened Lo Lhelr songs lnLenLly and forgoL abouL Lhe passage of Llme Many ages
passed llke LhaL buL 8alvaL felL as lf only an hour had passed When Lhe Candharvas sLopped
slnglng 8alvaL once agaln asked 8rahma abouL a sulLable maLch for 8evaLl 8rahma asked
8alvaL abouL hls own cholces flrsL 8alvaL counLed Lhe names of many deservlng prlnces and
klngs all of whom belonged Lo earLh
8rahma sald smlllng no one even ln Lhe progeny of Lhese people ls allve on earLh because here
llsLenlng Lo Lhe Candharvas songs you have passed four ages resenLly even Lhe age of
elghLeenLh Manu ls abouL Lo end on earLh and kall ?uga ls abouL Lo sLarL 1hese words
frlghLened 8alvaL who greeLed 8rahma and asked C Lord! now Lell me whom should l marry
8evaLl Lo? 8rahma sald 1haL unborn all pervaslve armeshwar Lord vlshnu had Laken an
lncarnaLlon on earLh C klng! ?our caplLal aL kushasLhall whlch was equal Lo lndras abode
AmravaLl ls now uwarkapurl ln LhaL uwarkapurl sLays 8aldev who ls a parL of Lord vlshnu
Marry Lhls daughLer Lo hlm because she ls a [ewel among Lhe women folk and 8aldev ls pralsed
all over Lhe world by all Pence only he deserves Lo be your sonlnlaw
Pearlng Lhe verdlcL of 8rahma ra[apaLl 8alvaL descended on Lhe earLh and saw LhaL an amazlng
LransformaLlon had Laken place ln Lhe appearance of people who were now smaller ln sLaLure
ugly dull and devold of sLrengLh Lven hls caplLal kushasLhall had acqulred a new appearance
and was now known as uwarkapurl 8alvaL found ouL 8aldev and marrled hls granddaughLer
8evaLl Lo hlm 8uL 8evaLl appeared qulLe large and Laller ln sLaLure Lhan 8aldev because of age
dlfference 8aldev pressed her sllghLly wlLh anLerlor parL of hls plough and she assumed a sLaLure
equal Lo normal women AfLer marrylng 8evaLl Lo 8aldev 8alvaL mlgraLed Lo Lhe Plmalayas Lo
observe penance
CPA1L8 1WC uLSC8l1lCn Cl lkSPvAkuS
LlnLACL
lkshvaku was born from Lhe nosLrll of Manu as a resulL of sudden sneezlng lkshvaku had
hundred sons among whom vlkukshl nlml and uanda were promlnenL Cnce lkshvaku
organlsed a Shradha lor Lhe purpose of feedlng 8rahmlns he ordered hls son vlkukshl Lo brlng
fresh meaL of wlld anlmals 1aklng hls bow and arrows vlkukshl seL ouL for Lhe foresL and
hunLed many deer and rabblLs 1owards noon he felL Llred and hungry and hence aLe one rabblL
from Lhe sLock 1hen he reached Lhe caplLal and handed over Lhe remalnlng flesh Lo hls faLher
8uL Lhe sage vashlshLa who was conducLlng Lhe Shradha revealed Lhe LruLh Lo Manu 1hus
vlkukshl goL Lhe name of Shashad and was expelled by hls faLher Shashad ln laLer course had a
son urana[ay
ln Lhe pasL a flerce baLLle had Laken place beLween Lhe demons and Lhe gods 1he demons
defeaLed Lhe gods who approached Lord vlshnu for help Lord vlshnu saldl am aware of your
deslre l wlll appear ln he body of Shashads son urana[ay Lo klll Lhe demons 8uL lL ls your
responslblllLy Lo convlnce hlm for Lhe baLLle1he gods approached urana[ay and requesLedC greaL
among Lhe kshaLrlyas! klndly help us Lo
defeaL our enemles urana[ay saldShaLkraLu ls lndra lf l flghL Lhe baLLle rldlng hls shoulder l
wlll be able Lo klll Lhe demons
1he gods accepLed hls condlLlon lndra Look Lhe gulse of Lhe bull rldlng whlch urana[ay kllled
Lhe demons because Lord vlshnu had parLlally arrlved ln hls body Slnce Lhen urana[ay goL Lhe
name kakuLsLh Pe had a son Aneyna Llneage of Aneyna grew as follows Aneyna rlLhu
vlshLrabhva Chandrayuvnashva ShavasLa ShavasLa founded Lhe Lown of ShavasLl (modern
ShravasLl) Llneage of ShavasLa conLlnued as follows ShavasLa vrlhadashva kuvalayashva
urldashva 1andrashva kapllashva
lor a long Llme ?uvanashva dld noL have a chlld So he organlsed a uLreshLl ?agya ln Lhe
ausplces of learned sages 1he ?agya lasLed for a whole day AL mldnlghL when Lhe ?agya
ended sages fell asleep because of Llredness keeplng Lhe urn of ?agya waLer near Lhe alLar 1he
waLer had been empowered wlLh sacred manLras Meanwhlle Lhe LhlrsLy klng came Lhere and
drank LhaL waLer from Lhe urn When Lhe sages awakened Lhey enqulred abouL Lhe waLer ln Lhe
urn ?uvanashva Lold Lhem LhaL he had hlmself drunk lL 1he sages Lold LhaL as Lhe waLer had been
empowered wlLh sacred manLras and was meanL for Lhe queen ln order Lo make her concelve
Pence Lhe klng lnsLead of Lhe queen wlll concelve now As a resulL ?uvanashva concelved and ln
due course gave blrLh Lo a chlld from hls rlghL armplL 8uL Lhe chllds blrLh dld noL klll Lhe klng
1he baby was MandhaLa ln due course MandhaLa ruled Lhe enLlre earLh whlch was dlvlded lnLo
seven lslands
MandhaLa marrled 8lndumaLl Lhe daughLer of ShaLablndu 1hey had Lhree sons urukuLsa
Ambareesh and Muchukunda 1hey also had flfLy daughLers When all Lhe daughLers grew young
a sage Saubharl arrlved ln Lhe palace and requesLed MandhaLa Lo marry one of hls daughLers Lo
hlm 1he sage appeared old and frall So MandhaLa heslLaLed and Lrled Lo send hlm off maklng
many excuses 1he sage assured hlm abouL hls physlcal ablllLles 8uL sLlll Lhe klng felL heslLanL
and saldC sage lL ls our LradlLlon LhaL we marry our daughLer only Lo he whom our daughLer
chooses as her husband ?our requesL ls beyond our deslres
Pearlng MandhaLas word sage consldered for a momenL and saldAll rlghL C klng! klndly
lnsLrucL Lhe eunuch who guards Lhe quarLers of your daughLers Lo escorL me Lhere learlng a
curse from Lhe sage MandhaLa lnsLrucLed Lhe eunuchs Lo escorL hlm lnLo Lhe quarLers of hls
daughLers Whlle enLerlng Lhe quarLers Lhe sage assumed Lhe appearance of an exLremely
handsome Candharva So when he arrlved Lhere a row sLarLed among Lhe glrls as Lo who would
choose hlm as her husband flrsL Lach one of Lhem clalmed LhaL she had flrsL chosen hlm 1hus
all Lhe daughLers of MandhaLa chose sage Saubharl as Lhelr husband
When Lhe eunuchs lnformed Lhe klng abouL Lhls developmenL he fell ln deep LhoughLs how lL
could happen 8uL sLlll he was bound by hls promlse so he had no cholce buL Lo marry all hls
daughLers Lo sage Saubharl Marrylng all Lhe flfLy glrls sage Saubharl broughL Lhem Lo hls
hermlLage Calllng vlshwakarma he lnsLrucLed hlm Lo bulld separaLe casLles for each of hls
wlves ln no Llme vlshwakarma erecLed flfLy beauLlful palaces ln a row Lach one of Lhem had
ample spaclous and alry rooms surrounded by beauLlful gardens Slnce Lhen all Lhe glrls occupled Lhose
palaces and began Lo llve Lhere Lvery klnd of luxury and food was avallable Lo
Lhem
Cne day drawn by Lhe love for hls daughLers klng MandhaLa declded Lo vlslL Saubharls
ashrama 8uL ln place of ashrama he found a row of beauLlful palaces 1here he meL hls
daughLers and enqulred abouL Lhelr well belng 1he daughLers lnformed hlm LhaL Lhey were happy
Lo llve wlLh Lhe sage and LhaL Lhelr husband was capable enough Lo provlde Lhem wlLh all Lhe
luxurles 8uL sLlll Lhey remembered Lhelr naLlve place Lach of Lhe glrl also expressed one grlef
LhaL her husband en[oyed lnLlmacy wlLh her aL all Llmes and dld noL share Llme wlLh her oLher
slsLers 1hese words of Lhe glrls surprlsed Lhe klng ulLlmaLely he meL Saubharl and worshlpplng
hlm he saldC lord! lL ls Lhe resulL of your severe penance LhaL you are able Lo keep all Lhe flfLy
glrls happy SLaylng Lhere for a few days Lhe klng reLurned
ln due course Lhe daughLers of MandhaLa gave blrLh Lo one hundred and flfLy sons 1hose sons
grew up and produced Lhelr progeny AL LhaL Llme sage Saubharl LhoughL l have seen Lhe blrLh of
my sons now Lhey have Lhelr own sons lf l sLay Lhere l wlll long Lo see my greaLgrandchlldren
ueslres do noL end Llll deaLh Acqulrlng a human body ls ln lLself a greaL sorrow l have recelved
enough ln llfe en[oyed lnLlmacy wlLh flfLy prlncesses lf l keep more deslres l wlll recelve
noLhlng buL sorrow Pence l should Lake Lo Lhe penance of Lord vlshnu
1hlnklng LhaL way sage Saubharl mlgraLed Lo Lhe foresL along wlLh hls flfLy wlves 1here Lhey
conducLed ?agyas and passed Lhelr Llme worshlpplng Lord vlshnu
CPA1L8 1P8LL MAnuPA1A 18lSPAnku Anu
SACA8
Cnce upon a Llme Candharvas of collecLlve name Mauneya defeaLed Lhe nagas and snaLched all
Lhelr wealLh and powers 1he nagas prayed Lord vlshnu Lo rescue Lhem Lord vlshnu Lold Lhem
LhaL he would appear ln MandhaLas son urukuLsa and klll Lhe Candharvas AfLerwards narmada
broughL urukuLsa Lo 8asaLal where Lord vlshnu appeared ln hls body 1hus havlng Lhe sLrengLh
of Lord vlshnu urukuLsa defeaLed and kllled Lhe Candharvas leased by Lhe acLlon of
narmada Lhe nagas blessed her wlLh a boon LhaL whoever remembered her would have no fear
of snake venom and urukuLsa LhaL he would have an lmmorLal son
urukuLsa and narmada had a son 1rasadasyu Llneage of 1rasadasyu conLlnued as follows1rasadasyu
Anaranya vrlhadashva Paryashva PasLa Sumana 1rldhanva 1rayarunl and
SaLyavraL SaLyavraL became famous as 1rlshanku ln laLer course 8y Lhe curse of a sage
1rlshanku had become a Chandala Cnce a droughL occurred for Lwelve long years uurlng LhaL
droughL Lo geL rld from Lhls condlLlon of Chandala and feed sage vlshwamlLra 1rlshanku used
Lo Lle a whole sklnned deer Lo a 8anyan Lree on Lhe bank of Lhe rlver Canges leased by hls
selfless servlce sage vlshwamlLra senL 1rlshanku Lo Lhe heaven wlLh hls ephemeral body
Llneage of 1rlshanku grew as follows 1rlshanku Parlshchandra 8ohlLashva ParlL Chanchu
vl[ay and vasudev vl[ay had a son 8uruk 8uruks son was vrlk who had a son 8ahu 8ahu
had Lwo queens AfLer a long Llme of Lhelr marrlage 8ahus queen consorL concelved a son 8uL Lhe
clrcumsLances Look a sLrange Lurn 8ahus enemles LogeLher aLLacked hls klngdom and
defeaLed hlm 1he defeaLed klng mlgraLed Lo Lhe foresL along wlLh hls queens and began Lo llve aL
Lhe hermlLage of sage Aurv very soon klng 8ahu dled of old age Pls queen consorL also
wanLed Lo commlL SaLl buL sage Aurv prevenLed her from dolng so AfLer someLlme geLLlng
envlous of her forLune Lhe oLher queen decelLfully fed her wlLh polson 8uL Lhe polson could noL
harm Lhe foeLus whlch sLayed unborn for a perlod of seven years because of polsons effecL
SLaylng aL Lhe hermlLage of sage Aurv Lhe queen consorL gave blrLh Lo a son Slnce Lhe chlld was
born wlLh Lhe effecL of Lhe polson Sage Aurv named hlm as Sagar Sagar began Lo grow ln he
hermlLage ln naLural surroundlng Cne day he asked hls moLher abouL hls faLher 1he queen
narraLed Lhe whole lncldenL Lo hlm Sagar Lhen and Lhere Look an oaLh Lo exLermlnaLe Lhe
kshaLrlyas who had been Lhe cause of hls faLhers deaLh AcLlng as per hls oaLh Sagar desLroyed
Palhaya kshaLrlyas whereas Shak kshaLrlyas goL Lhelr heads shaven ouL of fear Slnce Lhose
kshaLrlyas had glven up Lhelr rellglon hence 8rahmlns boycoLLed Lhem As a resulL Lhey became
Malechchha 1hereafLer klng Sagar reLurned Lo hls caplLal and ruled Lhe earLh
CPA1L8 lCu8 uLSC8l1lCn Cl Su8?AvAnSP
klng Sagar had Lwo queens SumaLl Lhe daughLer of kashyapa and keshlnl Lhe daughLer of
vldarbhas klng keshlnl had a son Asman[as whereas SumaLl had slxLy Lhousand sons
Anshuman was Lhe son of Asman[as Asman[as was very whlmslcal slnce hls chlldhood Lven ln
hls youLh he dld noL change hls behavlour Pence klng Sagar had abandoned Asman[as 8uL Lhe
Lhlngs dld noL lmprove for Sagar because even hls slxLy Lhousand sons followed Lhe fooLsLeps of
Asman[as
1he gods oneday approached sage kaplla who was a parLlal lncarnaLlon of Lord vlshnu
CreeLlng hlm Lhey sald lf Lhe slxLy Lhousand sons of Sagar conLlnued on Lhelr whlmslcal way
Lhe earLh would noL remaln sulLable for llvlng Sage kaplla assured Lhe gods LhaL Lhe slxLy
Lhousand sons of Sagar would meeL Lhelr faLe very soon 8y Lhe lnsLlgaLlon of sage kaplla klng
Sagar organlsed an Ashwamedha ?agya
1he slxLy Lhousand prlnces also followed Lhe horse guardlng lL 8uL somehow lndra managed Lo
kldnap Lhe horse and LeLhered lL aL Lhe hermlLage of sage kaplla 1he slxLy Lhousand prlnces
searched for Lhe horse and followlng Lhe fooLprlnLs Lhey also reached Lhe hermlLage 1here Lhey
found Lhe horse and also a sage ln deep medlLaLlon 1hlnklng LhaL Lhe sage mlghL have been
responslble for abducLlon of Lhe horse Lhey began Lo abuse hlm As soon as sage kaplla dlsLurbed
by Lhe abuses opened hls eyes a flame appeared and lnclneraLed all Lhe slxLy Lhousand prlnces
When klng Sagar came Lo know abouL Lhls lncldenL he senL Anshuman Lo brlng back LhaL horse
Anshuman also reached Lhe hermlLage and greeLed sage kaplla wlLh respecL leased by hls
pollLeness sage kaplla blessed Anshuman and lnsLrucLed hlm Lo Lake Lhe horse away wlLh hlm
Pe also asked hlm Lo seek a boon As Lhe boon Anshuman only soughL Lhe salvaLlon for hls slxLy
Lhousand dead uncles Sage kaplla assured Anshuman LhaL hls ancesLors would cerLalnly aLLaln Lo
Lhe heaven buL only afLer a long walL and LhaL hls grandson 8haglraLh would brlng Lhe Canges
onLo Lhe earLh and LhaL Lhe Canges waLers would wash Lhe ashes of hls ancesLors Lo Lhe ocean and
cause Lhelr salvaLlon 1hus blessed by Lhe sae kaplla Anshuman reLurned Lo Lhe caplLal wlLh Lhe horse ln
order Lo help
hls grand faLher flnlsh Lhe ?agya Anshuman had a son ulleep ulleeps son was 8haglraLh who
observed severe penance and pleased Canga Lo descend on Lhe earLh Slnce Lhe Canges had
descended on earLh because of 8haglraLhs penance she also goL a name 8haglraLhl
1he llneage of 8haglraLh grew as follows 8haglraLh SuhoLra ShruLl nabhag Ambareesh
Slndhudweep AyuLayu 8lLuparn Sarvakam Sudas and Saudas
Cne day klng Saudas wenL hunLlng ln Lhe foresLs 1here he spoLLed a palr of Lhe Llgers 1hey
were acLually a Llger and a Llgress ln maLlng Saudas kllled one of Lhem by hls arrow whlle Lhe
oLher Lurned lnLo a demon and LhreaLenlng of an avenge dlsappeared from Lhe scene
ln due course klng Saudas organlsed a ?agya ln Lhe ausplces of sage vashlshLa 1owards Lhe
end of ?agya sage vashlshLa wenL away Lo Lake baLh Meanwhlle Lhe same demon arrlved Lhere
ln Lhe gulse of vashlshLa and expressed hls deslre Lo eaL nonvegeLarlan food 1hen Lhe demon
arrlved before Lhe klng ln Lhe gulse of Lhe cook 1he klng ordered hlm Lo cook meaL for Lhe sage
1he cook cooked human flesh and served lL before Lhe sage Sage vashlshLa knew LhaL Lhe food
conLalned human flesh Pe cursed Lhe klng ln anger Lo be a demon WlLhln Lhree days klng
Saudas became a demon and began Lo roam ln Lhe foresLs Slnce Lhen he aLe Lhe humans only
Cne day Saudas ln demon form saw Munl who was ln Lhe process of maLlng hls wlfe 1he
demon caughL and aLe Lhe Munl neglecLlng all Lhe crles and walllng of hls wlfe 1he 8rahmanl
angrlly cursed Lhe demon LhaL as her husband had been kllled whlle he was abouL Lo saLe hls
carnal lusL slmllarly he would also dle rlghL ln Lhe same process
klng Saudas remalned ln Lhe demons form for Lwelve more years AfLer LhaL he recovered from
Lhe curse and began Lo rule llke a plous klng Cne day klng Saudas saw Lhe queen ln an amorous
condlLlon and an lmpulse of carnal pleasure ran wlLhln hls body Pe made advances Lo saLlsfy hls
lusL buL Lhe queen who knew everyLhlng abouL Lhe curse sLopped hlm remlndlng hlm of Lhe curse
Slnce Lhen Lhe klng sLuck Lo cellbacy Slnce Lhe klng had no son he allowed hls queen MadayanLl
Lo concelve a chlld wlLh Lhe help of sage vashlshLa 1he queen dld concelve buL Lhe foeLus
remalned unborn for seven years aL lengLh AL lasL Lhe lrrlLaLed queen hlL her foeLus wlLh a sLone
1hls resulLed ln Lhe blrLh of chlld aL once 1he chlld was named Ashmak 1he llneage of Ashmak
grew as follows Ashmak Moolak uasharaLh lllvll vlshvasah and khaLwang khaLwang had
kllled many formldable demons flghLlng by Lhe slde of Lhe gods leased by hls gallanLry Lhe
gods wanLed Lo granL hlm a boon khaLwang wanLed Lo know how long would llve more 1he
gods Lold hlm LhaL he would llve for one MuhurLa more Pearlng Lhls khaLwang came back on
earLh and prayed Lord vlshnu Lo Lake hlm ln Pls refuge AL lasL he dld annlhllaLed wlLh Lord
vlshnu
Llneage of khaLwang grew as followskhaLwang ueerghbahu 8aghu A[a and uasharaLh klng
uasharaLh had Lhree queens who gave blrLh Lo four sons 8ama Lakshmana 8haraLa and
ShaLrughana
8ama was an lncarnaLlon of Lord vlshnu Pls llfe Loo had loL of ups and downs AfLer belng
Lralned ln archery Pe and Lakshmana spenL mosL of Lhelr boyhood Llme ln Lhe hermlLage of sage
vlshwamlLra guardlng hls ?agyas from Lhe demons AfLer LhaL when vlshwamlLra was Laklng
Lhem Lo MlLhlla Lord 8ama saved Ahllya who had been converLed lnLo a sLone by Lhe curse of
her husband sage CauLam ln MlLhlla Lord 8ama broke Lhe bow of Lord Shlva and won SlLa as
Pls wlfe When Lhey reLurned Lo Ayodhya klng uasharaLh declded Lo crown 8ama as Lhe new
klng 8uL mlsgulded by ManLhara queen kalkeyee sLubbornly soughL LhaL her son 8haraLa
should be crowned as Lhe new klng whereas 8ama should be senL on an exlle for fourLeen years
8ounded by hls promlses LhaL he had made Lo kalkeyee earller klng uasharaLh had no cholce
buL Lo accepL her demands
1hus Lo keep Pls faLhers words Lord 8ama accepLed Lhe exlle SlLa and Lakshmana also
followed Pls sLeps ln Lhe foresLs Lhe demon klng 8avana decelLfully abducLed SlLa lL was
followed by meeLlng of 8ama wlLh Panuman and Sugrlva kllllng of 8all Sugrlvas broLher
flndlng of SlLa by Panuman ln Lanka brldglng of Lhe sea LhaL separaLed Lanka flerce baLLle wlLh
Lhe demons and ulLlmaLely kllllng of 8avana by Lord 8ama AfLer Lhe compleLlon of exlle perlod
Lord 8ama reLurned Lo Ayodhya and ruled Lhere for Lwelve years
Lord 8ama had Lwo sons Lava and kusha Llneage of kusha grew as follows kusha ALlLhl
nlshadh Anal nabh undareek kshemdhanwa uevaneek Ahlnaka 8uru arlyaLrak ueval
vanchal ulka va[ranabha Shankhan ?ushhlLashva vlshvasaha Plranyanam ushya
uhruvasandhl Sudarshan Agnlvarn Shlghrag Maru rasushruL Susandhl Amarsh Sahaswan
and vlshvabhav vlshvabhav had a son 8rlhdal who was kllled by Abhlmanyu ln Lhe baLLle of
MahabharaLa
CPA1L8 llvL 1ALL Cl nlMl Anu uLSC8l1lCn Cl
PlS LlnLACL
lkshvakus son nlml once declded Lo organlse a ?agya LhaL was Lo lasL for one Lhousand years
Pe also wanLed Lhe sage vashlshLa Lo gulde Lhe ?agya 8uL lndra had already booked vashlshLa
for a perlod of flve hundred years So sage vashlshLa expressed hls lnablllLy Lo conducL any oLher
?agya Llll Lhe compleLlon of LhaL perlod and requesLed Lhe klng Lo walL Llll he was free from
lndras obllgaLlons nlml kepL qulLe aL LhaL Llme 1aklng hls sllence as an approval Lhe sage
began Lhe ?agya for lndra 8uL Lhe klng meanwhlle sLarLed ?agya ln Lhe ausplces of oLher sages
llke CauLam eLc
AL Lhe compleLlon of ?agya for lndra sage vashlshLa hurrled back Lo Lhe earLh Lo conducL ?agya
for klng nlml 8uL here he found LhaL a ?agya was already ln progresslon 1hls lnfurlaLed Lhe
sage Lo Lhe exLenL LhaL he poured down curse on nlml who was sleeplng aL LhaL Llme Lo lose hls
body aL once When Lhe klng learned abouL Lhe curse and LhaL he was cursed ln sleep he cursed
Lhe sage ln reLallaLlon Lo lose hls body aL once before glvlng up hls own body 8y Lhe curse of
nlml vashlshLas body was desLroyed buL he hlmself enLered Lhe semen of MlLravaruna
1hereafLer one day MlLravaruna happened Lo see Lhe apsara urvashl Per amorous beauLy
caused Lhe e[aculaLlon of hls semen sponLaneously WlLh e[aculaLed semen sage vashlshLa also
came ouL and acqulred a new bodyCn Lhe oLher hand aL end of ?agya when Lhe gods appeared Lo
accepL Lhelr due share from Lhe
offerlngs Lhe sages prayed Lhem Lo granL nlml some boon nlml however soughL noLhlng ln boon
buL expressed hls deslre Lo sLay ln eyes of Lhe people forever 1he gods granLed LhaL deslre
8efore LhaL nobody had ever bllnked hls eyes 8llnklng of eyes came lnLo pracLlce because nlml
sLays Lhere ln order Lo save Lhe klngdom from anarchy Lhe sages churned Lhe dead body of nlml
wlLh a sLlck of 8ombax Lree and produced a son 1haL son came Lo known as !anaka Slnce he
was born from Lhe dead body of hls faLher Lhe boy also came Lo be known as valdeha Llneage
of !anaka conLlnued as follows !anaka udavasu nandlvardhan SukeLu uevraL 8rlhadukLh
Mahaveerya SudhrlLl uhrlshLkeLu Paryashva Manu raLeeL krlLraLh uevbheed vlbudh
MahadhrlLl krlLra[ Maharoma Suvarnaroma Prasyaroma and Seerdhva[ WlLh a deslre of a
son Seerdhva[ was once ploughlng Lhe earLh when he sLumbled upon a plLcher ln Lhe plLcher he
found a beauLlful baby whom he named as SlLa
CPA1L8 Slx uLSC8l1lCn Cl SCMA vAnSP Anu
1ALL Cl u8u8AvA
1he creaLor of Lhe world 8rahma had a son named ALrl Chandrama was Lhe son of ALrl Cnce
Chandrama organlsed a 8a[suya ?agya and recelved greaL powers AfLerwards bllnded by hls
powers Chandrama kldnapped 1ara Lhe wlfe of 8rlhaspaLl Lven hls grandfaLher 8rahma Lrled
Lo dlssuade hlm from commlLLlng such a grave crlme buL Chandrama was noL Lo llsLen Lo
anybody 8ecause hls hosLlllLy wlLh 8rlhaspaLl Lhe Leacher of Lhe demons Shukra was also
asslsLlng Chandrama AL LhaL momenL of need only 8udra came forward Lo help 8rlhaspaLl A
flerce baLLle followed beLween Chandrama and 8udra 1he gods were helplng 8rlhaspaLl whlle
because of Shukra Lhe demons foughL from Lhe slde of Chandrama Soon Lhe baLLle assumed Lhe
proporLlon of a war LhaL perplexed Lhe enLlre world AL lasL Lord vlshnu medlaLed Lo end Lhe
baLLle and helped 8rlhaspaLl Lo geL hls wlfe back 8y LhaL Llme 1ara had concelved a chlld Seelng
her condlLlon 8rlhaspaLl lnsLlgaLed 1ara Lo aborL Lhe baby 1ara aborLed Lhe baby amldsL some
shrubs buL lL dld noL dle lnsLead hls brllllance dulled even Lhe radlance of Lhe gods
1he baby was so beauLlful LhaL boLh 8rlhaspaLl and Chandrama were eager Lo accepL hlm 1o
seLLle Lhe maLLer 8rahma asked 1ara abouL Lhe paLernlLy of Lhe chlld leellng shy 1ara revealed
LhaL Chandrama was Lhe faLher of Lhe chlld 1hen 8rahma hlmself adopLed Lhe chlld and named
hlm as 8uddha
When he grew young 8uddha produced ururava from llla ururava was very magnanlmous
and handsome Cnce an apsara urvashl happened Lo see hlm and aL once fell ln love She Lhen
approached ururava Per beauLy enchanLed ururava also Pe requesLed Lhe apsara Lo sLay wlLh
hlm 8uL urvashl sLlpulaLed LhaL she mlghL sLay wlLh hlm lf he agreed Lo follow her Lwo
condlLlons LhaL he would never drlve Lhe Lwo sheep whlch were llke her chlldren away from her
bed and LhaL he would never undress before her ln vlslble llghL ururava accepLed boLh Lhe
condlLlons Slnce Lhen ururava began Lo llve wlLh urvashl 1ogeLher Lhey en[oyed Lhelr physlcal
lnLlmacy for slxLy Lhousand years 1helr love grew so much LhaL even urvashl forgoL Lhose
heavenly comforLs LhaL she used Lo en[oy once 8ecause of her absence even Lhe heaven
appeared more dreaded Lhan hellAL lasL one vlshvavasu who knew abouL Lhe condlLlons sLole one
sheep from Lhelr bedroom and
flew away Pearlng Lhe crles of Lhe sheep urvashl goL up ln anxleLy and shouLed who was
sLeallng her son 8uL ururava preLended as lf asleep for Lhe fear of belng seen naked As Lhe fuss
grew furLher he could no more conLaln hlmself and ran afLer Lhe Lhlef 8lghL aL LhaL momenL Lhe
Candharvas produced lnLense llghLnlng lllumlnaLlng Lhe whole scene As a resulL urvashl saw
ururava ln a naked sLaLe and aL once lefL hls palace Lo her heavenly abode for now boLh of her
condlLlons had been vlolaLed ururava could noL LoleraLe Lhe separaLlon of urvashl Pe began Lo
roam here and Lhere ln LhaL bare condlLlon llke a mad 1hus roamlng he reached aL kamal
Sarovar ln kuruksheLra where he saw urvashl wlLh four oLher elves Seelng urvashl ururava
began Lo behave madly lL was lmposslble for hlm Lo conLrol hls sensual deslres even ln Lhe
presence of oLher elves 8uL urvashl sLopped hlm saylng LhaL she was expecLlng an lssue and
afLer a year she wlll glve blrLh Lo hls chlld She also promlsed aL LhaL Llme she wlll sLay wlLh hlm
for a nlghL
AfLer a year klng ururava once agaln reached LhaL place where urvashl handed over hls son
Ayu As per her promlse she also sLayed wlLh ururava for a nlghL and consequenLly ln laLer
course gave blrLh Lo flve more sons urvashl lnformed ururava LhaL because of Lhelr love
Candharvas wlshed Lo bless hlm wlLh a boon ururava soughL a llfelong unlon wlLh urvashl
Candharvas presenLed hlm wlLh an alLar and lnsLrucLed Lo conducL regular ?agyas properly 1hen
all of hls deslres would come Lrue Lhe Candharvas assured ururava 8uL klng ururava lefL LhaL
alLar ln Lhe foresL and reLurned Lo hls caplLal AL mldnlghL he awakened suddenly as lf from a
Lrance and hurrled Lo Lhe foresL Lo recover hls alLar 8uL Lhe alLar was no more Lhere lL had
Lransformed lnLo a peepal Lree ururava goL LhaL Lree felled and broughL lL Lo hls caplLal where Lhe
carpenLers made Aranl (a wooden lmplemenL used ln anclenL lndla Lo produce flre) from lLs
wood Slnce Lhen ururava conducLed regular ?agyas wlLh Lhe help of LhaL Aranl and aLLalned Lo
Lhe Candharvaloka where he was never separaLed from urvashl agaln
CPA1L8 SLvLn 8l81P Cl !AMAuACnl Anu
vlSPWAMl18A
ururava had slx sons Ayu Amavasu vlshwavasu ShruLayu ShaLayu and AyuLayu Amavasu
had a son 8hlma and 8hlma ln Lurn had a son kanchan !ahnu was Lhe son of kanchans son
SuhoLra AL Lhe Llme of Cangas descend on earLh when !ahnu saw hls hermlLage lnundaLed he
drank all her waLer Pe released Lhe Canges only when Lhe uevrlshls prayed hlm Slnce Lhen
Canges also came Lo be known as !ahnavl Lhe daughLer of !ahnu
Llneage of !ahnu grew as follows !ahnu SumanL A[ak 8alakashva and kusha kusha had four
sons kushamb kushnam AdhurLra[a and vasu kushamb observed severe penance wlLh a
deslre Lo have a son llke lndra leased by hls penance lndra hlmself Look blrLh as hls son Pe
came Lo be known as kaushlk kaushlk had a daughLer named SaLyavaLl who goL marrled Lo
8lcheek Sage 8lcheek prepared kheer ln Lwo parLs one for hls wlfe SaLyavaLl and anoLher for
SaLyavaLls moLher lnsLrucLlng SaLyavaLl he wenL Lo Lhe foresL
When SaLyavaLl and her moLher were abouL Lo eaL Lhe kheer her moLher exchanged her parL of
kheer wlLh LhaL of her daughLer saylng LhaL her son had Lo fosLer Lhe world whlle Lhe son of Lhe sage
had noLhlng Lo do wlLh wealLh and all LhaL SaLyavaLl agreed Lo LhaL and aLe LhaL parL of
kheer whlch was reserved for her moLher whereas her moLher aLe SaLyavaLls parL When 8lcheek
reLurned from Lhe foresL he noLlced formldable changes ln Lhe body of hls wlfe Pe undersLood
LhaL she had eaLen her moLhers parL of Lhe kheer Angrlly Lhe sage predlcLed LhaL she would have
a son who would be kshaLrlyallke ln vlrLues whereas her moLher would have 8rahmlnllke son
SaLyavaLl begged pardon and requesLed Lhe sage Lo change hls predlcLlon saylng LhaL Lhe crlme
was commlLLed by mlsLake and LhaL she would be happy Lo have a kshaLrlyallke grandson buL
noL a son AL her requesL Lhe sage changed hls predlcLlon
As per Lhe predlcLlon SaLyavaLl gave blrLh Lo !amadagnl whereas her moLher gave blrLh Lo
vlshwamlLra AfLer glvlng blrLh Lo !amadagnl Lurned lnLo a rlver named kaushlkl
ln laLer course as a parLlal lncarnaLlon of Lord vlshnu arashurama Look blrLh as Lhe son of sage
!amadagnl
CPA1L8 LlCP1 uLSC8l1lCn Cl kASP?A vAnSP
ururavas son Ayu had been marrled Lo 8ahus daughLer 1hey had flve sons nahush
kshaLravrlddh 8ambh vra[l and Aneyna SuhoLra was Lhe son of kshaLravrlddh Pe had Lhree
sons kashya kash and CrlLsamad Shaunak was Lhe son of CrlLsamad whereas kasheya was Lhe
son of kashya Llneage of kasheya grew as kasheya 8ashLra ulrdhakapa and uhanvanLarl
uhanvanLarls body was free from all Lhe physlcal faulLs llke agelng and dlseases
uhanvanLarls llneage grew as uhanvanLarl keLuman 8heemraLh ulbodas and raLardan
raLardan was also known as ShaLru[lL because of hls conquerlng hls enemles Slnce he had
acqulred a horse named kulavay hence he also came Lo be known as kulvayashva raLardan had
a son named Alarka who en[oyed hls rule on earLh for slxLyslx Lhousand years
Llneage of Alarka conLlnued as follows SannaLl SunlLh SukeLu uharmakeLu SaLyakeLu vlbhu
Suvlbhu Sukumar uhrlsLhakeLu vlLlhoLra 8harga and 8hargbhuml lL was progeny of
8hargbhuml who gave rlse Lo four classes of people
CPA1L8 nlnL uLSC8l1lCn Cl klnC 8A!l Anu
PlS SCnS
klng 8a[l had flve hundred prowesslve sons Cnce aL Lhe beglnnlng of baLLle beLween Lhe demons
and Lhe gods Lhey appeared before 8rahma and enqulred as Lo whlch parL would wln 8rahma
sald LhaL only LhaL parL would wln whlch would be alded by klng 8a[l llrsL Lhe demons
approached 8a[l and requesLed hlm Lo flghL from Lhelr slde klng 8a[l sLlpulaLed LhaL he would
flghL only when Lhe demons agreed Lo appolnL hlm as Lhelr lndra 1he demons Lold hlm LhaL
rahlada was Lhelr lndra and reLurned 1hen Lhe gods also approached klng 8a[l and requesLed
hlm Lo Lake Lhelr slde 8a[l puL Lhe same condlLlon before Lhem also Lo whlch Lhe gods agreed
ln a flerce baLLle and alded by klng 8a[l Lhe gods defeaLed Lhe demons AfLer Lhelr vlcLory lndra
bowed before klng 8a[l and expressed hls deslre Lo presenL hlm wlLh Lhe klngdom of heaven 1hus klng
8a[l became lndra AfLer Lhe demlse of 8a[l narada lnsLlgaLed hls sons Lo acqulre Lhe
rule of heaven All Lhe flve hundred sons of 8a[l approached lndra and requesLed hlm Lo glve
Lhem Lhe rule of heaven buL lndra refused plalnly AL LhaL 8a[ls sons deLhroned lndra forclbly
and Lhemselves became lndra AfLer much Llme had passed lndra approached 8rlhaspaLl and
prayed hlm Lo help hlm regaln Lhe rule of heaven 8rlhaspaLl assured hlm LhaL he would soon
esLabllsh hlm aL Lhe Lhrone
AfLerwards 8rlhaspaLl creaLed llluslons ln Lhe mlnds of 8a[ls sons Pe also conducLed many
?agyas Lo lncrease Lhe radlance of lndra Culded by Lhe llluslons 8a[ls sons began Lo behave ln
anLlrellglous ways 1hen lndra easlly kllled Lhem all and regalned hls deslgnaLlon
CPA1L8 1Ln 1ALL Cl ?A?A1l
nahush had slx sons ?aLl ?ayaLl SanyaLl AyaLl vlyaLl and krlLl ?ayaLl had Lwo wlves
uevyanl Lhe daughLer of Shukracharya and SharmlshLha Lhe daughLer of vrlshparva uevyanl
gave blrLh Lo ?adu and 1urvasu whereas SharmlshLha gave blrLh Lo uruhayu Anu and uru
8ecause of a curse of Shukracharya old age had descended on ?ayaLl premaLurely
?ayaLl Lhen requesLed hls eldesL son ?adu Lo exchange hls youLh wlLh hls old age buL ?adu
refused 1hen ?ayaLl requesLed each of hls sons one by one buL all of Lhem refused plalnly for Lhe
fear of geLLlng old premaLurely
AL lasL ?ayaLls youngesL son uru gladly accepLed hls requesL and gave hlm hls youLh
8egalnlng Lhe youLh ?ayaLl once agaln lndulged ln carnal pleasures wlLh boLh hls queens 8uL
everyday hls deslre for pleasures lncreased llke a flre flared up by ghee AfLer one Lhousand years
?ayaLl reallsed hls mlsLake and declded Lo explaLe for hls sln 1hus ?ayaLl reLurned uru hls
youLh and acqulred hls old age once agaln 1hen crownlng uru as Lhe klng he Look an exlle Lo
Lhe foresL
CPA1L8 LLLvLn ?Auu vAnSP Anu 1ALL Cl
SAPAS18A8!unA
?ayaLls eldesL son ?adu had four sons SahasLra[lL kroshLu nala and nahush SahasLra[lL had a
son ShaLa[lL who had Lhree sons Palhaya Pehaya and venuhaya Llneage of Palhaya grew asuharma
uharmaneLra kunLl Saha[lL Mahlshman 8hadrashrenya uurdabh and uhanak
uhanak had four sons krlLveerya krlLagnl krlLdharma and krlLau[a krlLveerya had a
prowesslve son Ar[una Ar[una had worshlpped uaLLaLreya and by hls blesslngs acqulred one
Lhousand arms Slnce Lhen he came Lo be known as SahasLrar[una uaLLaLreya had blessed hlm
wlLh many oLher boons llke rule of enLlre earLh fosLerlng of hls sub[ecLs ln rellglous ways and
kllllng by some human belng famous ln all Lhe Lhree worlds AL LhaL Llme Lhere was no oLher klng
equal Lo SahasLrar[una ln vlrLues Pe ruled Lhe enLlre earLh for elghLyflve Lhousand years
Cnce SahasLrar[una was en[oylng hls pasL Llme on Lhe waLers of narmada when he happened Lo
have an encounLer wlLh 8avana Lhe klng of Lanka SahasLrar[una capLured 8avana easlly and
lmprlsoned hlm aL an lsolaLed place ln hls klngdom WlLh Llme ego of SahasLrAr[una had crossed all
llmlLs Pe began Lo Lerrorlse Lhe sages and oLher rellglous people When hls aLroclLles
lncreased beyond Lolerance level Lord vlshnu Look a parLlal lncarnaLlon as arashurama Lhe son
of sage !amadagnl and 8enuka As per Lhe predlcLlon of sage 8lcheek arashurama grew wlLh
kshaLrlya llke vlrLues Pe had ln facL Laken lncarnaLlon Lo relleve Lhe earLh from Lhe aLroclLles of
egolsL klngs arashurama had recelved arms Lralnlng from none oLher Lhan Lord Shlva Pe was
very obedlenL Lo hls faLher and had beheaded hls own moLher by Lhe arashu (axe) LhaL he had
recelved from Lord Shlva aL Lhe dlcLaLe of hls faLher ln due course arashurama noL only goL
8avana released from capLlvlLy buL also kllled SahasLrar[una
SahasLrar[una had one hundred sons among whom Shur Shursena vrlshasena Madhu and
!ayadhwa[ were promlnenL !ayadhwa[ had a son 1al[unga 1al[unga had one hundred sons
among whom vlLlhoLra and 8haraLa were promlnenL 8haraLa agaln had one hundred sons
whereas Madhu also had hundred sons among whom vrlshnl was promlnenL AfLer Lhe name of
Lhelr forefaLher ?adu Lhls clan came Lo be known as ?aduvansha
CPA1L8 1WLLvL uLSC8l1lCn Cl k8CSP1u
vAnSP
Llneage of kroshLu grew as follows kroshLu uhwa[nlvan SwaLl 8ushanku ChlLraraLh
8ashlblndu 8ashlblndu had one lakh queens and Len lakh sons among whom rlLhusharva
rlLhukarma rlLhuklrLl rlLhuyasha rlLhu[ay and rlLhushan were promlnenL ln Lhelr llneage
laLer on occurred a klng named !yamadh Pe was so dedlcaLed Lo hls wlfe Shalvya LhaL desplLe
belng chlldless he dld noL dare Lo marry oLher women because of her fear Cnce !yamadh Look
parL ln a flerce baLLle ln whlch he defeaLed all hls enemles Whlle he was abouL Lo reLurn he
heard plLlable crles of a woman Pe saw a beauLlful young lady who was crylng for her
proLecLlon !yamadh was so lnfaLuaLed by her beauLy LhaL he Look her Lo hls klngdom When Lhey
reached aL Lhe gaLe of Lhe palace Lhe klng saw LhaL Lhe queen Shalvya was walLlng for hlm along
wlLh a blg crowd When Shalvya saw a beauLlful young lady slLLlng beslde Lhe klng on Lhe
charloL she began Lo shouL aL hlm 1he horrlfled klng Lrled Lo explaln LhaL Lhe young lady was hls
daughLerlnlaw 1he queen shouLed even louder LhaL when Lhey dld noL have a son whence Lhe
daughLerlnlaw came 8uL Lhe klng explalned LhaL he had selecLed a wlfe for her wouldbe son
As Lhe effecL of Lhelr conversaLlon queen Shalvya soon concelved and gave blrLh Lo a son lnsplLe
of her advanclng age 1hey named Lhe son as vldarbh ln due course of Llme vldarbh goL
marrled Lo LhaL lady whom hls faLher had broughL home earller 1hey had Lhree sons kraLh
kaushlk and 8omapad 8omapad had recelved preachlng from narada Llneage of kraLh grew as
follows kraLh kunLl ChrlshLl nlghrlLl uashard vyoma !lmooL vlkrlLl 8heemraLh navraLh
uasharaLh Shakunl karambhl uevraL uevakshaLra Madhu kumarvansh Anu kurumlLra
Anshu SaLvak SaLvak was Lhe forefaLher of a clan LhaL was named afLer hlm
A81 llvL
CPA1L8 CnL u8u vAnSP
1he llneage of uru grew as uru !anme[aya rachlnvan raveer Manasyu Abhayad Sudayu
8ahugaL SanyaLl AhamyaLl 8audrashva 8audrashva had Len sons among whom 8lLeshu was Lhe mosL
promlnenL 8lLeshu had Lhree sons among whom ApraLlraLh was mosL promlnenL
Llneage of ApraLlraLh ls as follows ApraLlraLh Alleen uushyanL and 8haraLa klng uushyanL
had fallen ln love wlLh ShakunLala Lhe daughLer of sage vlshwamlLra and apsara Menaka
1hey goL marrled secreLly ln Lhe foresL and afLer a few days klng uushyanL reLurned Lo hls
klngdom promlslng ShakunLala LhaL he would call her as soon as he reached hls palace Pe had
glven ShakunLala hls rlng as a memenLo 8uL whlle ShakunLala was crosslng Lhe rlver on her way
Lo Lhe palace Lhe rlng sllpped from her flnger and was swallowed by a flsh ln Lhe absence of Lhe
rlng klng uushyanL refused Lo ldenLlfy ShakunLala So she reLurned Lo Lhe hermlLage of sage
vlshwamlLra and gave blrLh Lo a chlld who laLer on became famous as 8haraLa
8haraLa had been very prowesslve slnce hls chlldhood Pls flrsL meeLlng wlLh klng uushyanL
was also very dramaLlcal lL ls sald LhaL once klng uushyanL was hunLlng ln Lhe foresL and he saw
a boy who was counLlng Lhe LeeLh of a llon lmpressed by Lhe bravery of Lhe boy Lhe klng
enqulred abouL hls parenLage and reached Lhe hermlLage where sage vlshwamlLra narraLed hlm
Lhe whole sLory Meanwhlle a flsherman had also recovered Lhe rlng from Lhe flsh and handed lL
Lo Lhe klng who had Lhus recalled Lhe whole sLory ln Lhe hermlLage klng uushyanL came Lo see
ShakunLala and he candldly accepLed her and hls son 8haraLa 8haraLa had Lhree queens and nlne
chlldren Slnce none of Lhe chlldren resembled hlm ln feaLures he expressed hls doubLs abouL
Lhelr paLernlLy learlng Lhe wraLh of 8haraLa hls queens kllled all Lhe chlldren 1hen wlLh a
deslre Lo have a son 8haraLa organlsed a MaruLsoma ?agya As a resulL he goL 8haradwa[ as hls
son 8haradwa[s second name was vlLaLh Pls llneage grew as follows vlLaLh Manyu
Manyu had many sons llke 8rlhaLkshaLra Mahaveer nara Carg eLc 1helr llneage grew as
follows nara SanskrlLl CurupreeLl and 8anLldev Carg had a son Shlnl who became famous as
Cargya and Shalnya also Mahaveer llneage ls as follows uurukshay 1rayyarunl ushkarlnya
and kapl ln Lhe llneage of 8rlhaLkshaLra occurred a klng PasLl who founded Lhe clLy of
PasLlnapur PasLl had Lhree sons A[mlrh uwl[mlrh and urumlrh Among Lhe sons of A[mlrh
were lncluded anchals and a daughLer Ahllya Ahllya was marrled Lo sage CauLam 1hey had a
son ShaLanand SaLyaghrlLl was Lhe son of ShaLanand Cnce SaLyaghrlLl happened Lo slghL Lhe
exLremely amorous and beauLlful apsara urvashl Per mere slghL was enough Lo cause Lhe
e[aculaLlon of hls semen whlch fell on a reed and dlvlded lnLo Lwo parLs lrom Lhese Lwo parLs
were born a boy krlp and a glrl krlpl klng ShanLanu dlscovered krlp and krlpl ln Lhe foresL and
broughL Lhem Lo hls palace ln laLer course krlpl was marrled Lo uronacharya Lhe Leacher of
kauravas and andavas AshwaLLhama was Lhe son of uronacharya Cne of Lhe klngs named
kuru ln Lhe llneage of A[mlrh esLabllshed Lhe sacred reglon of kuruksheLra
CPA1L8 1WC uLSC8l1lCn Cl ku8u vAnSP
ln Lhe llneage of kuru Lhere occurred a klng raLeep Pe had Lhree sons uevapl ShanLanu and
vahllk uevapl had Laken an abode ln Lhe foresL ln hls chlldhood Pence ShanLanu came Lo
become a klng afLer Lhelr faLher raLeep
Cnce ln Lhe klngdom of klng ShanLanu Lhere was no ralnfall for Lwelve years erplexed by Lhe
conLlnuous droughLllke slLuaLlon ShanLanu consulLed learned 8rahmlns 8rahmlns lnformed
hlm LhaL he had no genulne rlghL on Lhe klngdom whlch ln facL belonged Lo hls broLher uevapl 1hey
also Lold hlm LhaL as long as uevapl was noL fallen from hls supreme poslLlon Lhe droughL
would conLlnue AlLernaLlvely handlng over Lhe klngdom Lo uevapl mlghL also resulL ln Lhe end
of Lhe droughL 1hen ShanLanus mlnlsLer Ashmasarl appolnLed cerLaln 8rahmlns who always
spoke ln anLlvedas ways 1helr conLlnuous preachlng dlslncllned uevapls mlnd from vedas
Cn Lhe oLher hand one day klng ShanLanu proceeded Lowards Lhe foresL along wlLh 8rahmlns
and hls courLlers Lo hand over Lhe klngdom Lo uevapl 1here Lhe 8rahmlns Lrled Lo convlnce
uevapl Lo accepL Lhe onus of Lhe klngdom 1hey were slghLlng anecdoLes from Lhe vedas Lo
corroboraLe Lhelr argumenL 8uL uevapl crlLlclsed vedas and spoke ln anLlrellglous ways AL LhaL
8rahmlns lnsLrucLed Lhe klng Lo reLurn Lo Lhe klngdom as Lhere was no use Lo convlnce uevapl
1hey also assured ShanLanu LhaL slnce uevapl had been dlslncllned from vedas he had losL hls
rlghL Lo Lhe klngdom and Lhe famlne would also come Lo an end
ShanLanus younger broLher vahllk had a son SomaduLLa 8hurl 8hurlshrava and Shalya were Lhe
sons of SomaduLLa ln laLer course ShanLanu goL marrled Lo Canga and had a son 8hlsma lrom
hls second wlfe SaLyavaLl ShanLanu had Lwo sons ChlLrangad and vlchlLraveerya ChlLrangad
was kllled by a Candharva whereas younger vlchlLraveerya was marrled Lo Lhe prlncesses of
kashl Amblka and Amballka Pe was so busy ln carnal pleasures wlLh hls Lwo wlves LhaL soon
he conLracLed Luberculosls and dled uesplLe Lhelr lndulgence ln carnal pleasures Amblka and
Amballka could noL bear a chlld from vlchlLraveerya Pence ln order Lo conLlnue Lhelr llneage
SaLyavaLl lnsplred Amblka and Amballka Lo appear naked before veda vyasa and begeL a chlld
Slnce Amblka closed her eyes whlle she appeared naked before veda vyasa she begoL a bllnd
son uhrlLarashLra Slmllarly Amballka grew pale when she appeared naked before veda vyasa
Pence she begoL a son andu who was congenlLally affllcLed wlLh [aundlce noL saLlsfled by Lhe
ouLcome SaLyavaLl once agaln persuaded Amblka and Amballka Lo appear naked before veda
vyasa 8uL Lhe queens senL a maldservanL vlnlLa before veda vyasa vlnlLa appeared naked
before veda vyasa wlLhouL any fear or shyness Pence she begoL an exLremely wlse son vldura
ln laLer course uhrlLarashLra goL marrled Lo Candharl Lhe prlncess of kandahar whereas andu
recelved Lwo wlves kunLl Lhe daughLer of Shoorsen and Madrl Lhe prlncess of Madra
uhrlLarashLra had one hundred sons and a daughLer uushala uuryodhan was Lhe eldesL among
Lhe one hundred sons of uhrlLarashLra andu on Lhe oLher hand had flve sons among whom
?udhlsLhlra was Lhe eldesL
All Lhe flve sons of andu were born wlLh Lhe help of flve gods uharma vayu lndra and
Ashwlnl kumars because andu was carrylng a curse LhaL he would dle lf he ever Lrled Lo
copulaLe andus flve sons ?udhlsLhlra 8hlma Ar[una nakul and Sahadev came Lo be known
as andavas llve andavas were marrled Lo uraupadl Lhe daughLer of anchal klng urupad
lrom uraupadl each of Lhe andavas had a son 1helr names were raLlvlndya from ?udhlsLhlra
ShruLsen from 8hlma ShruLklrLl from Ar[una ShruLaneek from nakul and ShruLkarma from
Sahadev 8esldes Lhem ?udhlsLhlra had a son uevak from ?audheyl lrom Pldlmba 8hlma had
a son ChaLoLkachch and from kashl a son Sarvak lrom vl[aya Sahadev had a son SuhoLra
whereas from 8enumaLl nakul had a son nlrmlLra Ar[una was Lhe mosL prowesslve among Lhe
andavas AparL from uraupadl he had Lhree more wlves ulupl who belonged Lo Lhe nagas
ChlLrangada Lhe prlncess of Manlpur and Subhadra Lhe slsLer of Lord krlshna lrom Lhese Lhree
wlves Ar[una had Lhree sonslravan from ulupl vabhruvahan from ChlLrangada and Abhlmanyu
from Subhadra ln Lhe baLLle of MahabharaLa all Lhese sons of Lhe andavas foughL vallanLly and
sacrlflced Lhelr llves lL was Abhlmanyus son arlkshlL who conLlnued Lhe llneage of andavas
and ruled Lhe earLh Llll rlghL now
CPA1L8 1P8LL lnCA8nA1lCn Cl LC8u k8lSPnA
vasudev Lhe son of Shoorsen was marrled Lo uevakl Lhe daughLer of uevak Cn LhaL occaslon of
Lhelr marrlage uevakls cousln kansa was drlvlng Lhelr charloL AL LhaL Llme a celesLlal volce
declared LhaL Lhe elghLh son of uevakl would klll kansa kansa ln Lhe exclLemenL was ready Lo
klll uevakl Len and Lhere buL vasudev convlnced hlm saylng LhaL he would hlmself hand over all
hls chlldren Lo hlm 1hus assured by vasudev kansa dropped Lhe ldea of kllllng uevakl
When Lhe marrlage of vasudev and uevakl was Laklng place rlLhvl approached 8rahma ln Lhe
gulse of a cow She complalned Lo 8rahma LhaL populaLlon of meanmlnded people was
lncreaslng and LhaL she was noL more able Lo bear Lhe burden of Lhelr anLlrellglous deeds rlLhvl
sald C Lord! 1he same demon kalneml whom Lord vlshnu had kllled ln hls prevlous blrLh has
Laken lncarnaLlon of kansa Lhe son of ugrasena Many oLher fearsome demons ArlshLh uhenuk
keshl ralamb Sunda 8anasura and many more have Laken over Lhe rule and LormenLlng Lhe
rellglous people ln many ways 1hey keep mllllon sLrong forces l am unable Lo bear Lhelr
burden So klndly do someLhlng Lo geL me rld of Lhls burden
Pearlng Lhe words of rlLhvl 8rahma sald Lo Lhe gods rlLhvl speaks Lhe LruLh lndeed she ls
carrylng Loo much burden LeL us all go Lo Lhe shore of ksheersagar and pray Lord vlshnu and
lnLlmaLe Plm abouL all Lhls maLLer 1hen accompanled by Lhe gods 8rahma arrlved aL Lhe coasL
of ksheersagar and prayed Lord vlshnu leased by Lhelr prayer Lord vlshnu appeared before
Lhem ln Pls unlversal form and sald 8rahma! 8elleve my words and be assured LhaL whaLever
you and Lhese gods deslre shall reallse 1hus assured by Lhe Lord all Lhe gods and 8rahma
prayed once agaln leased by Lhelr prayer Lord vlshnu plucked a black and a whlLe halr from
hls head and sald8oLh Lhese halr of mlne shall Lake lncarnaLlon on earLh and remove Lhe
mlserles LhaL Lhe people face Lhere All of you Lake parLlal lncarnaLlon on earLh Lo aLLenuaLe Lhe
sLrengLh of Lhe demons 1hls black halr of mlne shall Lake blrLh as Lhe elghLh son of uevakl and
klll kansa who ls an relncarnaLlon of kalneml
Whlle Lhls conversaLlon was on uevarshl narada appeared before kansa and lnformed hlm LhaL
Lord vlshnu would Lake blrLh as Lhe elghLh son of uevakl Pearlng Lhe words of narada kansa
angrlly puL vasudev and uevakl behlnd Lhe bars 1here ln hls abode Lord vlshnu lnsLrucLed
Mahamaya (personlfled llluslon) Lo lmplanL Lhe slx foeLuses who were ln aLal ln Lhe womb of
uevakl one by one Pe knew LhaL all of Lhem would be kllled by kansa 1hen he lnsLrucLed
Mahamaya Lo lmplanL hls parL Shesha who would appear as Lhe sevenLh lssue of uevakl ln Lhe
womb of 8ohlnl Lhe second wlfe of vasudev so LhaL he could appear as her son lnsLead of
uevakls Lord lnsLrucLed Mahamaya Lo appear ln Lhe womb of ?ashoda ln Cokul whlle Pe
Plmself would appear as Lhe elghLh lssue of uevakl Pe also Lold Mahamaya LhaL Pe would Lake
blrLh on Lhe elghLh day of Lhe darker phase ln Lhe monLh of 8hadrapad whlle she would Lake blrLh
on Lhe nlnLh day and LhaL lmmedlaLely afLer Pls blrLh vasudev would hlmself carry Plm Lo
Cokul and leavlng me beslde ?ashoda he would carry her back Lo MaLhura CPA1L8 lCu8
ALA8AnCL Cl LC8u ln
uLvAklS WCM8
As per Lhe dlcLaLe of Lord vlshnu ?ogaMaya lmplanLed slx foeLuses ln Lhe womb of uevakl All
Lhe slx chlldren were kllled by kansa lmmedlaLely afLer Lhelr blrLh ?ogamaya LransplanLed Lhe
sevenLh lssue of uevakl lnLo Lhe womb of 8ohlnl who was resldlng aL LhaL Llme ln Cokul 1hen
Lord Plmself appeared as Lhe elghLh lssue of uevakl Slnce Lhe Llme of Pls arrlval radlance of
uevakl lncreased manlfold AL Lhe same Llme ?ogamaya also appeared as an lssue of ?ashoda
ln Cokul Seelng Lhe arrlval of Lord Plmself as Lhe elghLh lssue of uevakl Lhe gods prayed Plm
wlLh devoLlon
1hen on Lhe elghLh day ln Lhe darker phase of 8hadrapad Lord Look blrLh AL Lhe Llme of Pls
blrLh Lhe wlnd suspended lLs moLlon 1he reverse aLLalned exLremely purlfled sLaLe whereas dense
clouds gaLhered ln Lhe sky and caused drlzzllng Seelng Lhe chlld born wlLh ausplclous SwasLlk
mark on hls chesL vasudev recognlsed Plm and prayed Plm AL Lhe same Llme he and uevakl
also feared LhaL kansa would klll Lhelr elghLh son also So Lhey prayed Lhe Lord Lo hlde Pls
dlvlne appearance Lord assured Lhem LhaL Lhelr ordeals would end soon
1hen vasudev puL Lhe chlld ln a wlnnower and sLarLed hls [ourney on fooL Lo Cokul carrylng Lhe
wlnnower on hls head 8ecause of Lhe lnfluence of ?ogamaya all Lhe guards fell asleep whlle Lhe
gaLes of Lhe prlson opened auLomaLlcally lL was ralnlng heavlly aL LhaL Llme So when vasudev
reached ln Lhe open Sheshnag spread lLs hood over hlm Lo shade Lhe Lord from raln ln Cokul
nands wlfe ?ashoda Loo gave blrLh Lo a glrl chlld buL because of ?ogamayas lnfluence she dld
noL know anyLhlng abouL Lhe blrLh vasudev arrlved Lhere and puLLlng Lord beslde Lhe sleeplng
?ashoda he Look her baby and reLurned Lo hls prlson ln MaLhura
As soon as Lhe baby reached ln Lhe prlson she began Lo cry loudly Per crles awakened Lhe
guards who ran Lo lnform kansa abouL Lhe chllds blrLh kansa aL once arrlved Lhere and
snaLchlng Lhe baby from uevakls lap he dashed her on Lhe wall 8uL before he could Lhrow Lhe
baby she sllpped from hls grlp and Laklng elghL armed !agdambas appearance esLabllshed ln Lhe
alr Laughlng loudly Lhen moLher !agdamba sald C kansa! ?ou cannoL klll me ?our klller has
Laken blrLh Lord Parl had been your deaLh ln your prevlous blrLhs ln Lhls blrLh also Pe wlll klll
you So from now on make efforLs for your beneflL only Saylng Lhls !agdamba vanlshed
Worrled by Lhe words of ?ogamaya kansa called a meeLlng of hls promlnenL demons and sald
1hese evll gods have haLched a consplracy Lo klll me 8uL belng a brave man l do noL Lake Lhese
gods lnLo accounL ?ou have yourself wlLnessed how lndra fled before Lhe shower of my arrows
?ou would also remember how Lhe clouds ralned heavlly ln my klngdom when lndra had
forbldden Lhem from ralnlng on a klngdom and l had plerced Lhem wlLh my arrows
All Lhe Lhlngs on earLh excepL my faLherlnlaw !arasandh bow before me ln fear l donL care for
Lhe gods Lven Lhelr efforLs Lo klll me make me laugh 8uL sLlll l musL noL Lake Lhe word of
!agdamba llghLly LhaL my klller had Laken blrLh We should Lherefore klll all Lhe chlldren who
have Laken blrLh wlLhln Lhe pasL few days lnsLrucLlng Lhe demons kansa approached vasudev
and uevakl ln Lhe prlson and released Lhem apologlslng hls cruel acLlon ln Lhe way of kllllng
Lhelr lnnocenL chlldren CPA1L8 llvL klLLlnC Cl u1AnA Anu Cl C1PL8 uLMCnS
When vasudev was released from Lhe prlson nand vlslLed MaLhura on some offlclal Lrlp Pe
also came Lo see vasudev vasudev greeLed hlm for Lhe blrLh of a son and lnsLrucLed hlm Lo
reLurn Lo Cokul as soon as posslble Pe also requesLed nand Lo look afLer Lhe son of 8ohlnl as hls
own son AfLer meeLlng vasudev when nand was reLurnlng many klnds of LhoughLs were
dlsLurblng hlm ln Lhe Cokul whlle nand was away an ogress uLana had sLolen Lhe llLLle krlshna
ln Lhe nlghL and was breasLfeedlng hlm wlLh her polsoned mllk 8uL llLLle krlshna sucked even
her llfe Lhrough her breasL Maklng a loud nolse and assumlng a huge body uLana fell on earLh
and dled Cnly Lhen Lhe vlllage folk came Lo know abouL Lhe lncldenL 1hey also saw llLLle
krlshna slLLlng ln Lhe lap of uLana
1he frlghLened ?ashoda swepL llLLle krlshna wlLh Lhe Lall of a cow Lo do away wlLh all Lhe bad
omens 1he oLher cowherds also prayed Lord vlshnu Lo proLecL Lhe chlld from all calamlLles
klLLlnC Cl SPAkA
When Lord krlshna was LwenLyseven days old a fesLlval was organlsed ln Cokul MaLa
?ashoda baLhed Lhe baby whlle Lhe 8rahmlns reclLed hymns ?ashoda saw LhaL baby was feellng
sleepy so puLLlng hlm ln a cradle she lefL lL under a carL 1he carL was loaded wlLh plLchers of
mllk curd and buLLer AfLer someLlme lord krlshna awoke and began Lo cry for a feed 8uL
amldsL fesLlvlLles ?ashoda could noL hear hls crles
Meanwhlle a demon ShakaLasur rode Lhe carL wlshlng Lo press Lhe carL and Lhereby klll Lhe Lord 8uL
before he could acL Lhe Lord Louched Lhe carL wlLh Pls feeL and lo and behold! 1he carL Lurned over and
all Lhe uLenslls kepL on lL came crashlng down Lven Lhe demon was crushed Lo deaLh under Lhe carL
CLher boys who were playlng nearby lnformed Lhe Copls (ladlesfolk) LhaL Lhe llLLle kanhalya had Lurned
over Lhe loaded carL buL Lhey dld noL belleve Lhe klds ?ashoda ran ln horror and llfLed Lhe baby ln her
lap
1he 8rahmlns reclLed paclfylng hymns Lhen 1hereafLer Lhe baby was baLhed agaln wlLh sancLlfled waLer
A feasL of 8rahmlns followed Lhen ulLlmaLely Lhey were seen off wlLh many glfLs
SALvA1lCn Cl 18lnAvA81
Cnce MaLa ?ashoda was playlng wlLh Lhe baby lord ln her home All of a sudden she felL as lf
Lhe baby was geLLlng dlsproporLlonaLely heavy Soon she felL herself unable Lo bear Lhe chlld
anymore So she lefL Lhe chlld on Lhe ground and began Lo pray urushaoLLam Lord 8ama Soon
afLerwards she forgoL abouL Lhe evenL buL all was noL over yeL 1rlnavarL a demon mlnlsLer of
kansa had arrlved ln Cokul as a flerce cyclone Pe covered enLlre Cokul wlLh dusL and bllnded
Lhe people Lemporarlly lor a momenL people could noL see anyLhlng and durlng LhaL momenL
1rlnavarL blew Lhe baby ln alr wlLh hlm When Lhe dusL seLLled ?ashoda dld noL flnd Lhe baby
krlshna where she had lefL hlm She felL exLremely sorry and fell on ground ln depresslon CLher
womenfolk also gaLhered round her 1hey Loo began Lo cry noL seelng baby krlshna Lhere
ln Lhe form of cyclone Lhe demon 1rlnavarL had blown baby krlshna wlLh hlm buL he Loo could
noL bear hls heavy burden So he began Lo lose hls veloclLy Lord krlshna caughL hlm by neck
1he demon dled ln a few momenLs and hls dead body fell ln vra[ And ?ashoda goL a new lease
of llfe when she saw baby krlshna safe and sound nand and oLher Copas Loo were over[oyednAMlnC
Cl LC8u k8lSPnA
Cnce Lhe supreme asceLlc Cargacharya arrlved ln Cokul Pe was Lhe ancesLral Leacher of
?aduvanshls nand [oyfully welcomed and LreaLed Lhe hermlL 1hen he requesLed hlm Lo carry
ouL Lhe rlLual of namlng and suggesL sulLable named for boLh of hls sons Acharya Carg sald C
nand everyone knows LhaL l am Lhe ancesLral Leacher of Lhe ?adavas lf l carry ouL Lhe namlng
rlLual for Lhese boys people wlll undersLand LhaL Lhey are uevakls sons So nand requesLed
Cargacharya Lo name hls sons secreLly Cargacharya accepLed hls requesL and carrled ouL Lhe
namlng rlLuals secreLly ln nands caLLle shed
Carg sald 1hls son of 8ohlnl wlll cause by hls vlrLue greaL pleasures for hls near and dear
ones So hls second name wlll be 8ama And because of excesslve sLrengLh people wlll call hlm
as 8ala also Slnce he wlll unlLe Lhe people also so one of hls names would be Sankarshan
1hereafLer Carg sald polnLlng Lo ?ashodanandan Pe has Laken lncarnaLlon ln every age ln Lhe
pasL ages he had Laken whlLe red and yellow complexlons respecLlvely 1hls Llme he has Laken
dark complexlon so he wlll be known as krlshna Cnce he has been Lhe son of vasudev so
people wlll call hlm as vasudev also Pe wlll cause salvaLlon of all of you and greaL [oy for Lhe
fellow Copas and cows WlLh hls help you wlll overcome even Lhe severe crlses C nand 1hls
boy wlll be equal Lo narayana ln vlrLues wealLh beauLy fame and lnfluence losLer Lhls chlld
wlLh care and earnesLness 1hus namlng Lhe boys as per Lhelr vlrLues Carg reLurned Lo hls
hermlLage
CPlLuPCCu Cl LC8u k8lSPnA
1he Llme passed ln Cokul as usual 8alarama and krlshna Loo grew normally Soon Lhey began Lo
walk on knees and palms WlLh Lhelr chlldlsh plays Lhey boLh amused men and women folk of
Cokul Lveryone Look speclal care of Lhem and looked afLer Lhem Lo save Lhem from any posslble
danger Ladysfolk were especlally careful abouL Lhem
Soon afLerwards boLh Lhe klds began Lo walk LroLLlngly now Lhelr movemenL no longer conflned
wlLhln Lhe boundary of Lhelr home 8ecause of hls speclal vlrLues krlshna began Lo lead oLher
klds of hls age group whereas hls elder broLher 8alarama was somewhaL serlous ln naLure
krlshna speclally en[oyed Leaslng Lhe glrls and mllkmalds of Cokul CfLen he would eaL sLeallng
Lhelr mllk curd and buLLer AL oLher Llmes Pe dld noL heslLaLe even Lo break Lhelr plLchers ln
such slLuaLlons Lhe ladyfolk used Lo gaLher ln nands home Lo complaln agalnsL krlshna And
every Llme ?ashoda promlsed Lhem Lo punlsh krlshna 8uL every Llme when she proceeded Lo
punlsh hlm she forgoL everyLhlng before hls sweeL lnnocenL smlle
Cne day 8alarama complalned agalnsL krlshna Ma Lhe llLLle kanhalya has eaLen mud
Worrled abouL krlshnas healLh ?ashoda scolded aL hlm 1ell me C mlschlevous krlshna why
dld you eaL mud AL LhaL momenL llLLle krlshnas eyes were movlng wlLh fear Pe made an
excuse no Ma l have noL eaLen any mud 1hey are Lelllng you a lle lf you donL belleve me
see yourself Saylng Lhls krlshna opened hls llLLle mouLh ?ashoda peeped lnLo hls mouLh and
whaL she saw Lhere amazed her She could noL belleve lL 1he enLlre unlverse was vlslble ln hls llLLle
mouLh ?ashoda saw sLrange places enLlre vra[ and even herself ln Lhe llLLle mouLh of
krlshna She felL dlzzy WlLh hls llluslonary powers Lord wlped ouL Lhe memory of Lhls
lncldence from Lhe mlnd of ?ashoda and she agaln lmmersed ln love wlLh her chlld
ukPAL 8AnuPAn Anu SALvA1lCn Cl
?AMALA8!unA
Cnce wlshlng Lo feed krlshna wlLh buLLer ?ashoda began Lo churn mllk ln Lhe mornlng very
soon krlshna Loo awakened and noL flndlng Lhe moLher on her bed Pe seL ouL Lo search her
Soon Pe found her ln Lhe courLyard where she was churnlng Lhe mllk Pe began Lo lnslsL for
breasL feedlng aL once So ?ashoda sLopped churnlng and began Lo breasL feed krlshna AffecLlon
played on her face Suddenly Lhe mllk kepL on Lhe flre poL began Lo boll ?ashoda lefL krlshna ln
order Lo aLLend Lhe bolllng mllk 8uL Lhe unsLlaLed krlshna fllled wlLh anger and broke Lhe plLcher
of curd 1hen he wenL lnslde and began Lo eaL buLLer when ?ashoda came back she undersLood
Lhe maLLer and began Lo search hlm wlLh a sLlck ln her hand AfLer eaLlng buLLer hlmself krlshna
was now feedlng Lhe monkeys wlLh lL Seelng Lhe moLher come ln hoL pursulL krlshna [umped
over Lhe morLar and ran away ?ashoda chased hlm buL soon felL Llred because of her bulky
body
1hereafLer ?ashoda proceeded Lo Lle krlshna as a punlshmenL She goL a rope and Lrled Lo Lle
krlshna 8uL Lhe rope fell shorL by Lwo flngers She [olned many ropes LogeLher buL Lhe resulL was
same Lvery Llme Lhe ropes fell shorL by Lwo flngers Soon ?ashoda was baLhlng ln sweaL When
krlshna saw hls moLher ln depresslon he hlmself Lled ln Lhe ropes 1eLherlng llLLle krlshna Lo a
heavy morLar ?ashoda engaged ln usual household Lasks 1eLhered Lo Lhe morLar krlshna
glanced aL Lhe Lwo Ar[una Lrees whlch were sLandlng on Lhe gaLe llke Lwo senLrles Pe resolved
Lo save Lhem
MalLreya asked arashar abouL Lhe Lrees arashar sald 1he lord of wealLh kubera had Lwo sons
nalkubar and Manlgreev Cne day Lhey were en[oylng Lhe sweeL company of preLLy women on
Lhe bank of Mandaklnl 8lver !usL by colncldence uevarshl narada arrlved Lhere CuL of
Shyness Lhe women folk aL once covered Lhemselves buL boLh Lhe sons of kubera sLood boldly
wlLhouL feellng any shame lndlgnanL narada cursed Lhem Lo become Lrees and sLay ln LhaL form
for one hundred years narada showed klndness as well LhaL desplLe belng ln Lree forms Lhey
would have Lhe memory of Cod allve and would be saved by Lord Srl krlshna 1hus Lo keep Lhe
words of hls supreme devoLee narada Lord dragged Lhe morLar Lo Lhe Lwo Ar[una Lrees Pe
walked ln such a way LhaL Lhe morLar goL sLuck beLween Lhe Lrees krlshna Lhen pulled Lhe morLar
and ln no Llme Lhe Lrees were uprooLed 1wo dlvlne men appeared from Lhe uprooLed Lrees and
bowed aL Lhe feeL of krlshna and prayed hlm wlLh pure hearLs 1hen Lhey deparLed Lo Lhelr
heavenly abode
MlC8A1lCn 1C v8lnuAvAnA
1he uprooLed Ar[una Lrees fell wlLh Lhunderlng sound All Lhe people shlvered wlLh fear and felL
as lf llghLnlng had sLruck somewhere All Lhe elders lncludlng nand meL LogeLher and dlscussed
Lhe maLLer unanlmously Lhey concluded LhaL of laLe dlsLurbance had lncreased ln Cokul and Lhe
clrcumsLances were no longer conduclve Lo ralse Lhe klds llke 8alarama and krlshna Lhere So
Lhey unanlmously declded Lo leave Cokul and mlgraLe Lo a verdanL place named vrlndavana ln
Lhelr oplnlon vrlndavana had ample vegeLaLlon and ferLlllLy Lo supporL Lhem and Lhelr caLLle
1hus on an ausplclous day Lhe enLlre populaLlon of Cokul seL ouL for vrlndavana 1hey packed
Lhelr households on bullock carLs and drove Lhelr caLLle ln herds and sLarLed ln convoy ln
vrlndavana Lhey bullL Lhelr houses and sLarLed Lhelr llfe once agaln
arashar says 1he verdanL envlronmenL of vrlndavana Covardhan mounLaln and crysLal clear
waLers and sandy banks of ?amuna rlver LogeLher fllled Lhe hearLs of 8alarama and krlshna wlLh
[oy Along wlLh Lhe fellow cowherds Lhey began dlverse klnds of plays Lhere
SALvA1lCn Cl vA1SASu8
Cne day 8alarama and krlshna were grazlng Lhelr caLLle on Lhe bank of ?amuna 8lver A
demon meanwhlle Look Lhe gulse of a calf and mlxed wlLh Lhe herd Cbvlously he had
mallclous lnLenLlons Lord krlshna had already seen Lhe demon Laklng calfs gulse and mlxlng up
wlLh Lhe herd Pe slgnalled 8alarama and Lhey LogeLher reached near Lhe calf 1he calf appeared
parLlcularly healLhy so krlshna and 8alarama mocklngly saw lL wlLh admlrlng eyes Suddenly
Lhey held Lhe calf wlLh lLs hlnd legs and Lall Lwlrllng lL ln alr Lhey Lhrew lL ln Lhe sky When Lhe
demon dled Lhey Lhrew hlm on a kaLh (woodapple) Lree
SALvA1lCn Cl 8AkASu8
Cne day all Lhe cowherds Look Lhelr caLLle Lo a large pond Lo leL Lhem drlnk waLer 1here Lhey say
a huge creaLure slLLlng llke a hlllock on Lhe bank 1hey were frlghLened by lLs appearance 1he
creaLure was ln facL a demon named 8akasur who had arrlved Lhere ln Lhe gulse of a sLorke Pe
was hlmself very sLrong and had a long polnLed blll As soon as Lhe cowherds drew near hlm 1he
sLorke hasLlly plcked up krlshna and swallowed hlm CLher cowherds lncludlng 8alarama were
sLupefled 1hey could noL belleve Lhelr eyes 8uL lnslde Lhe beak Lord krlshna made hlm
exLremely hoL and caused severe burnlng ln demons LhroaL So Lhe demon could noL swallow
krlshna and regurglLaLed hlm and began Lo hlL hlm wlLh hls sLrong beak 8uL Lord held hls beak
wlLh boLh hls hands and Lore Lhe demons mouLh aparL And as son as Lhe demon dled a rlpple of
[oy surged among Lhe cowherds
SALvA1lCn Cl ACPASu8
Cne day krlshna planned a plcnlc near nandanvan So rlslng early ln Lhe mornlng Pe awakened
hls fellow cowherds soundlng a horn 1ogeLher all Lhe cowherds and Lhelr caLLle wenL Lo Lhe
foresL 1here on Lhe bank of ?amuna 8lver Lhey began Lo play [oyfully nandanvan was ln facL
an abode of Lhe demon Aghasur kansa had senL hlm Lhere Seelng Lhe boys playlng he felL
exLremely [ealous knowlng LhaL krlshna had kllled hls broLher 8akasur and slsLer ooLana lL
seemed an ldeal momenL for Lhe demon Lo avenge Lhe deaLh of hls slbllngs 1hlnklng Lhus Lhe
demon Look gulse of pyLhon and lay ln Lhe way and openlng hls mouLh llke an openlng of a cave
1he cowherds Loo fell ln hls Lrap 1hus drlven by curloslLy all Lhe cowherds enLered Lhe demon mouLh
one by one When Lord krlshna saw LhaL hls frlends had enLered demons mouLh Pe Loo
enLered lL Lo proLecL Lhem
Aghasur wanLed Lo masLlcaLe Lhe cowherds lncludlng lord krlshna buL Lhe lord lncreased hls
body and choked demon LhroaL now Lhe breaLh of demon sLopped Pls eyes rolled over and aL
lasL hls llfe lefL hls body Lhrough 8rahmrandhra (cosmlc pore) WlLh hls ambroslal eye Lord
resurrecLed Lhese dead fellows and Lhelr caLLle and LogeLher Lhey came ouL of Lhe demons mouLh
As soon as Lhe demon dled a dlvlne flame emerged from Lhe pyLhons mouLh lL walLed Lhere
someLlme for Cod And when lord krlshna came ouL Lhe flame mlngled wlLh hlm
A11ACPMLn1 Cl 88APMA S1LALlnC Cl CA11LL
Anu CCWPL8uS
arashar says 1he cowherds Lold Lhe Lale of Aghasurs salvaLlon Lo Lhelr parenLs only afLer a year
of Lhe lncldence uurlng LhaL perlod of one year Lord krlshna mulLlplled hlmself and Look Lhe
gulse of hls fellow cowherd and Lhelr sLock of caLLle Lo remove Lhe llluslon of 8rahma who was
Lhe cause of Lhe followlng lncldence
AfLer Aghasurs llfe mlngled wlLh Cod Lord krlshna came wlLh Pls fellow cowherd on Lhe bank
of ?amuna 1hey lefL Lhelr caLLle Lo graze freely and Lhey saL LogeLher Lo Lake Lhelr lunch All of
Lhe cowherds LasLed oneanoLhers food as Lhey wanLed Lo feed krlshna wlLh Lhe LasLy food
Meanwhlle surprlsed by Aghasurs salvaLlon 8rahma Loo had arrlved Lhere and saw krlshna
eaLlng food deflled by Lhe cowherds WlLh LhaL slghL 8rahma grew susplclous lf krlshna was
lndeed an lncarnaLlon of lord 1hus drlven by Lhe llluslon and Lo LesL Lhe auLhenLlclLy of lords
lncarnaLlon 8rahma kldnapped all Lhe caLLle flrsL and when krlshna wenL ouL Lo search Lhe caLLle
8rahma kldnapped and concealed Lhe cowherds also Soon lord krlshna undersLood Lhe
crafLlness of 8rahma so he mulLlplled hlmself lnLo hls fellow cowherds and caLLle 8epllcas
resembled Lruly Lo Lhe cowherds ln appearance complexlon naLure acLlvlLles volce sLlcks and
even ln cosLumes 1he repllcas remaln ln exlsLence for compleLe one year
8ack Lhere when 8rahma reLurned afLer hldlng Lhe cowherds and Lhe caLLle he was sLunned Lo
see Lhe cowherds and caLLle as usual 8rahma was feellng dlzzy when lord besLowed hls grace on
hlm 8rahma saw narayana ln every dusL parLlcle 8rahma Lherefore bowed hls head aL Lhe feeL
of lord and sald C lord l submlL before you ?ou can be won only wlLh devoLlon and noL by
ego no one can know your omnlpresenL appearance 1hus praylng and worshlpplng lord
narayana 8rahma reLurned Lo hls abode 1he cowherds remalned separaLed from Cod for one
year 8uL Lhey felL as lf only half a second had passed because of Lhe llluslonary lnfluence of
Cod 1haL ls why Lhey relaLed Lhe lncldence of Aghasurs kllllng Lo Lhelr parenLs only afLer a year
lL Look place
SALvA1lCn Cl uPLnukASu8
When krlshna and 8alarama enLered slxLh year of Lhelr ages Lhey goL Lhe permlsslon Lo Lake Lhe
caLLle ouL for grazlng Along wlLh Lhelr fellow cowherds Lhe Lwo broLhers Loo began Lo Lake Lhelr
caLLle Lo vrlndavana 1hus Lhey sancLlfled Lhe earLh of vrlndavana wlLh Lhelr plous feeL Seelng Lhe
beauLy of vrlndavana wlLh beauLlful colourful flowers and sweeL frulLs Lord krlshna felL
over[oyed Pe Lhen used Lo graze hls caLLle aL Lhe fooLhllls of Covardhan and on Lhe banks of
?amuna 8lver laylng fluLe was hls favourlLe pass Llme Cne day krlshnas beloved frlend
Sudama sald kanhalya Lhere ls a beauLlful foresL name 1alvana lL has uncounLable numbers of
Lrees laden wlLh rlpe frulLs 8uL a formldable demon uhenukasur guards LhaL foresL Pe ls very
sLrong So no one goes Lhere even anlmals and blrds shun LhaL place 8uL we are LempLed Lo eaL
Lhose sweeL dellclous frulLs lf you and uau (8alarama) wlsh we may go Lhere and eaL Lhose
dellclous frulLs
1hus hearlng Lhls krlshna and 8alarama gulded all of Lhem Lo 1alvana 1here Lhey shook Lhe
Lrees and ln no Llme a heap of rlpe dellclous frulLs gaLhered under Lhe Lrees All Lhe cowherds
began Lo eaL frulLs Whlle eaLlng Lhey were also maklng loL of nolses ulsLurbed by Lhe sound of
frulLs falllng and nolse of Lhe cowherds Lhe demon uhenukasur arrlved Lhere as a donkey Pe
was braylng loudly and Lrled Lo hlL 8alarama buL 8alarama caughL hlm by hls hlnd legs and
Lhrew hlm ln Lhe alr 1he demon dled ln an lnsLance Slnce LhaL day everyone vlslLed 1alvana
fearlessly and Lhe caLLle grazed Lhere freely
C8ACL Cn kALl?A 1PL nACA
Cne day 8alakrlshna arrlved on Lhe banks of ?amuna wlLh Lhelr frlends 8alarama was noL
wlLh Lhem LhaL day 1he waLer of Lhe rlver ?amuna was lnLoxlcaLed by Lhe polson of kallya Lhe
naga lL was excepLlonally hoL LhaL day and all Lhe cowherds and caLLle were very LhlrsLy So
wlLhouL glvlng any LhoughL Lhey all drank Lhe waLer from ?amuna and dled 8uL Lord krlshna
resurrecLed Lhem by hls ambroslal slghL
1hen Lord krlshna declded Lo purlfy Lhe waLers of ?amuna 1hus Lylng a cloLh round hls walsL
krlshna cllmbed a Cadamba Lree and [umped lnLo Lhe rlver ln Lhe waLer Lhe lord sLarLed playlng
and splashlng waLer Soon Lhe waves began Lo rlse hlgh When kallya Lhe naga heard Lhe nolse
Pe goL exLremely angry and appeared before krlshna
Pe saw a beauLlful Lender dark complexloned boy playlng [oyfully ln Lhe waLers Pe sLung hlm
and Lled hlm ln hls splrals 1led ln Lhe splrals of kallya lord became absoluLely moLlonless
Seelng krlshna ln deaLh llke slLuaLlon all Lhe cowherds and even Lhe cows felL very sorry !usL
Lhen lord freed hlmself from Lhe hold of kallya 1hen a game of hlde and seek began beLween
Lhem Lord dodged Lhe naga for a long Llme 1hereafLer he rode on kallyas hood and began Lo
dance Lhere
1he followers of Cod llke Candharvas eLc began Lo play Mrldang uhol eLc Lo glve hlm a
company 1lred from Lhe blows of lords feeL kallya soon began Lo vomlL blood nagas wlves
began Lo pray Cod C lord your lncarnaLlon ls Lo punlsh Lhe evll ones for Lhelr slns ?ou have
shown your grace on us also We are forLunaLe Lo have a slghL and Louch of your feeL lLy C lord
1hls naga can no longer bear your momenLum Pe wlll dle We are all your slaves kallya ls our
lord klndly forglve hlm WlLh klndness lord released kallya who prayed Lhus C lord ln your
creaLlon we snakes represenL 1amoguna (dark vlrLues) We are confused by your llluslons Lord
dlcLaLed kallya Lo mlgraLe wlLh hls famlly Lo 8amanakdweep Slnce Lhen waLer of ?amuna
became pure for humans and anlmalsu8lnklnC Cl uAvAnAL (lC8LS1 ll8L)
AfLer defeaLlng kallya Lord krlshna and all oLher people of vra[ felL exLremely Llred 1hey were
very hungry and LhlrsLy also So Lhey dld noL go back Lo vrlndavana buL sLayed on Lhe bank of
?amuna ln Lhe nlghL 8ecause of lnLense heaL of summer surroundlng foresLs had been Srlvelled
AL mldnlghL Lhose Srlvelled foresLs caughL flre and Lhe sleeplng people were engulfed by lL 1hey
awakened sLarLled and Look shelLer aL krlshna Seelng Lhelr horrlfled appearance Lord krlshna
drank Lhe lnfernal foresL flre and Lhus saved Lhe llves of lnnocenL people who had resLed Lhelr
llves aL hlm wlLh falLh
SALvA1lCn Cl 8ALAM8ASu8
Cne day 8alarama and krlshna were playfully grazlng Lhelr caLLle along wlLh oLher cowherds ln
Lhe foresLs When a demon ralamb arrlved Lhere wlLh an lnLenLlon of kldnapplng krlshna and
8alarama 1he demon had come ln Lhe gulse of a cowherd buL Lhe Cod easlly recognlsed hlm
1hey accepLed hls proposal of frlendshlp buL were Lhlnklng abouL Lhe way for hls salvaLlon Cod
LhereafLer summoned all hls frlends and sald als Loday we shall dlvlde ourselves ln Lo Lwo
Leams and play [oyfully 1hus Lhe Leams were dlvlded and each Leam chose krlshna and
8alarama as lLs capLaln respecLlvely lL was sLlpulaLed LhaL Lhe members of defeaLed Leam would
carry Lhe members of wlnner Leam on Lhelr back up Lo Lhe place polnLed by Lhem 1hus Lhe game
began and soon boLh Lhe Leams reached a secluded place
AL one Llme Lhe Leam headed by 8alarama won So Lhe members of krlshnas Leam were Lo carry
Lhem on Lhelr back uemon ralambasur offered 8alarama a rlde on hls back 8alarama agreed Lo
rlde on Lhe demons back buL as soon as he rode on Lhe demons back Lhe demon galloped 8uL
he could noL go far for noL belng able Lo bear 8alaramas welghL 1hem Lhe demon regalned hls
huge formldable slze and Lrled Lo escape by flylng llrsL 8alarama felL Lerrorlsed buL soon he
reallsed hls real powers and hlL on Lhe demons head wlLh a powerful flsL 1he blow shaLLered
demons head and he fell on earLh dead llke a huge mounLaln
arashar says MosL of Lhe Llme of Lord krlshnas boyhood passed ln vrlndavana 1here Pe
grazed caLLle and played fluLe Pls fluLe had a dlvlne enchanLlng sound 1he Copls used Lo gaLher
around Plm drawn by Lhe enchanLlng Lunes
1hey also heard Lhe enchanLlng venugeeL LhaL fllls one hearLs wlLh Lhe memory of 8hagvaL Cne
of Lhe glrls sald Lo her frlend C dear frlend havlng Lhe prlvllege of seelng Lords beauLy and
recelvlng Pls klndness ls Lhe real salvaLlon AnoLher glrl sald C frlend whaL penance Lhls fluLe
had observed LhaL lL has goL a closer conLacL wlLh llps of nandnandan (an eplLheL for krlshna)
Lven Lhe slbllngs of Lhls fluLe Lrees and oLher vegeLaLlons are pleased wlLh lLs forLune and are
hence showerlng Lhelr leaves and flowers on hlm Cne more sald C frlend look even
8hagvaLl Lakshml has lefL her luxurlous abode ln valkunLh and arrlved ln vrlndavana Lo have a
look of lord uevaklnandan A Copl expressed her [ealousy Lven Lhls doe ls beLLer Lhan us C
frlends look how engrossed ls she looklng aL Cod LhaL her eyes are noL bllnklng
Pearlng Lhe sweeL enchanLlng Lunes of fluLe even Lhe heavenly elves gaLher ln Lhe sky over
vrlndavana 1hey also see Lhe beauLy of lord krlshna and showered Lhe flowers of Lhelr bralds on hlm
Lven Lhe cows forgoL grazlng when Lhen heard Lhe enchanLlng muslc of fluLe 1he calves Loo
forgoL drlnklng mllk and began Lo look aL lord krlshna wlLh [oy 1hls ls Lhe real devoLlon for lord
krlshna ?ou have Lo forgeL yourself ln order Lo flnd hlm CondlLlon of glrls of vrlndavana was
exacLly Lhe same AfLer havlng Lhe slghL of lord krlshna Lhey remembered noLhlng noL even Lhe
way back Lo home 1hey sLood ln Lhe foresLs ln a Lrance compleLely Llred unaware of Lhelr self
A glrl sald polnLlng Lo Lhe fauna Look C frlends look aL Lhese blrds uo you know LhaL Lhese
blrds were Lhe salnLs and sages ln Lhelr prevlous blrLhs ln Lhls blrLh also Lhey are slLLlng ln a sLaLe
of Lrance Look Lhey have forgoLLen Lhelr knowledge hearlng Lhe sweeL enchanLlng muslc of Lhe
fluLe And look aL ?amuna She ls also unable Lo conLaln her exhllaraLlon She ls eagerly
splashlng her waves Lo wash Lords feeL ?eL anoLher glrl sald Look frlends Lhe clouds cannoL
see Lhelr lord scorchlng ln Lhe sun So Lhey have covered Lhe sun and shaded Lord krlshna now
Lhey are drlzzllng as lf showerlng peLals A glrl sald lrlends look Lhese 8heelanls are beLLer
Lhan us 1hey have such a sLrong urge of krlshnas slghL LhaL when Covlnd reLurns home Lhey
smear Lhelr body wlLh dusLs of hls feeL 8lessed ls Lhls mounLaln whlch has dedlcaLed lLs enLlre
self ln Lhe feeL of 8ra[nandan and feels over[oyed lL ls hls supreme devoLee kanhalya has
lnfused even nonllvlng Lhlngs wlLh llfe by hls sweeL Lunes of fluLe
S1LALlnC Cl CLC1PLS
1he unmarrled glrls of vrlndavana felL as lf Lhelr llves were dedlcaLed Lo Lord krlshna Lach of
Lhem wlshed hearLlly Lo have lord krlshna as her husband So ln order Lo geL Lhelr deslre fulfllled
all of Lhe splnsLer glrls of vra[ began Lo Lake baLh ln ?amuna early ln mornlng of PemanL season
and worshlpped goddess kaLyayanl When Madan Mohan learned LhaL Lhe unmarrled glrls
wlshed Lo marry hlm Pe wenL Lo see Lhem aL dawn 1he glrls were baLhlng naked ln Lhe rlver
Lhelr cloLhes were kepL on Lhe bank Lord krlshna sLealLhy Look Lhose cloLhes and cllmbed on a
kadamba Lree Lord had noL sLolen Lhelr cloLhes wlLh mallclous lnLenLlons Pe had sLolen Lhem Lo
remove Lhelr flaws and make Lhem reallse Lhelr real appearance LhaL Lhey were noL mere glrls buL
pure souls WlLhouL reallsaLlon of Lhe real self one can noL experlence Lhe Cod
1he glrls were ln facL Lhe hymns of vedas Sadhana Slddhls Sages and 8rahmvldyas (vedas)
Lhemselves LhaL Look Lhe gulse of glrls Lo en[oy Lhe vlclnlLy of Cod Cod removed Lhelr cloLhes
LhaL symbollsed lusL 8ecause of Lhe lords grace Lhey all were able Lo en[oy Cods company
arashar says C MalLreya 1hus Lord krlshna removed Lhe shyness of Lhe glrls of vra[ Lhrough
Pls sweeL Lalks Pe derlded aL Lhem made Lhem dance llke puppeLs and even sLole Lhelr cloLhes
when Lhey were baLhlng naked buL Lhey dld noL deLer hls acLlons lnsLead Lhey felL over[oyed by
Lhe close presence of Lhelr beloved kanha
Lll1lnC Cl CCvA8uPAn
arashar says Cne day 8alarama and krlshna saw LhaL many dellclous klnd of sweeLmeaLs were
belng cooked aL home WlLh curloslLy and pollLeness Lhey asked nand and oLher elders laLher
whlch fesLlval are you preparlng for? Whlch god wlll be worshlpped? WhaL purpose wlll such worshlp
serve? nand 8aba explalned Sons uevra[ lndra ls Lhe god of clouds lL ls because of
lndras grace LhaL we geL raln So Lhese maLerlals are belng prepared Lo worshlp lndra
krlshna sald laLher every creaLure ln Lhe world en[oys comforLs or suffers as per hls faLe none
of Lhe gods can change Lhe resulLs AcLlon ls prlmary ln Lhe world Cne geLs Lhe resulLs as per hls
acLlons Lven lndra ls Cod as a resulL of hls acLlon Anyone who performs one hundred
Ashvamegh ?agyas becomes lndra 8uL even afLer performlng crores of Ashvamegh ?agyas
one can noL sLay ln vra[ lL ls Lhe duLy of lndra Lo cause raln So lL wlll raln even lf you donL
worshlp lndra 8uL Lo feed Lhe poors and saLlsfy Lhem wlLh cloLhes and oLher glfLs ls real worshlp
8y Lhelr blesslng we shall be happler l deslre LhaL wlLh all Lhese maLerlals we should worshlp
Clrlra[ Covardhan and dlsLrlbuLe Lhe rasad among Lhe poors WlLh whlch Lhelr souls wlll be
saLed and wlll have Lhe grace of Cod
1hus Lord krlshna Lold hls faLher LhaL all Lhe people should worshlp unlLedly and unlLedly Lhey
should recelve rasad lf you are ready Lo do as per my deslre lLs all rlghL oLherwlse l wlll noL
worshlp your haughLy god nor recelve hls rasad
WC8SPl Cl CCvA8uPAn Anu lnulCnA1lCn Cl
lnu8A
1hus convlnced by kanhalyas wlse reasonlng all Lhe Copas agreed Lo hlm nand 8aba sald C
krlshna we are maklng all Lhese preparaLlon for you only and we wlll do as you say We wlll
worshlp Covardhan lor us Covardhan ls also llke a god lL glves us grass waLer and fuel eLc
whlch are necessary for our llves 1hus wlLh lords consenL Lhey dropped Lhelr plan Lo worshlp
lndra and resolved Lo worshlp Covardhan falLhfully
Cn Lhe urnlma (full moon) day ln Lhe monLh of karLlk (november) all Lhe Copas (people of
vra[ reglon) gaLhered near mounL Covardhan uurlng Lhe nlghL all of Lhem clrcumambulaLed Lhe
mounLaln Lord lnvoked Lhe Canges by hls wlsh and baLhed Covardhan wlLh her waLer 1hen
Lhey puL vermlllon on lL offered basllleaves flowers eLc and worshlpped lL 8rahmlns reclLed
hymns ln lLs pralse 1o make Lhe people belleve ln Lhelr rlLuals Lord krlshna hlmself appeared
on Lhe mounLaln ln huge form and exclalmed l am Clrlra[ (Lhe klng of Lhe mounLaln) and began
Lo eaL Lhe offerlngs 8uL as a chlld Pe was sLlll among Lhe vlllagers who falLhfully bowed before
Lhe mounLaln Among Lhem Lhe chlld krlshna sald look whaL a surprlse Clrlra[ has appeared
hlmself and besLowed hls grace on us Pe has accepLed our worshlp 1here afLer all Lhe Copas
dlsLrlbuLed rasad among Lhemselves and felL supremely saLlsfled
When lndra learned LhaL Lhe Copas had sLopped worshlpplng hlm he grew ouLrageous ln anger
he ordered Lhe clouds Lo raln LorrenLlally over vra[ and cause heavy flood ln vra[ reglon ln no
Llme dense clouds gaLhered over vra[ Soon Lhere was llghLnlng Lhunder darkness and sLorm all
around 1hen lL began Lo raln LorrenLlally All Lhe people Look refuge aL Lord krlshna and prayed
hlm Lo save Lhem from Lhe anger of lndra Lord krlshna sald 1hose who regard me as Lhelr are
mlne and l am Lhelrs So Lhere ls no need Lo worry for youSaylng Lhls Lord llfLed Clrlra[ on hls llLLle
flnger and called all Lhe people of vra[ along wlLh
Lhelr caLLle under Lhe lee of Covardhan 1hen he ordered hls wheel Sudarshan Lo absorb Lhe waLer
of Lhe clouds so LhaL noL even a slngle drop could fall on earLh 1hus for seven days conLlnuously
Lord balanced Covardhan on Lhe llLLle flnger 1hus Lord krlshna also came Lo be known as
Clrldharl eople who had gaLhered around hlm [usL kepL on seelng Lords moonllke face and
hence dld noL feel LhlrsLy or hungry ln facL Lhe comforLs Lhose people goL durlng Lhose seven
days are beyond verbal descrlpLlon Lord held Covardhan on one hand and conch ln Lhe oLher
whlle wlLh Lhe remalnlng Lwo hands Pe began Lo play Lhls fluLe Pearlng Lhe Lunes of hls fluLe all
Lhe people of vra[ began Lo dance wlLh [oy AfLer Lhe ralns sLopped all of Lhem reLurned Lo Lhelr
homes
When lndra learned abouL Lhe happenlngs ln vra[ he soon reallsed hls mlsLake lndra hlmself
reached vra[ and begged lord for Pls pardon 1hen he gave lord a ceremonlal baLh wlLh Lhe mllk
of Surabhl lor proLecLlng Lhe cows Lhe Lord also goL one more name Covlnd
8ASS LLLLA
arashar relaLed Lo MalLreya Lhe Lale of kamadevs humlllaLlon 1he purpose of descrlblng Lhls
Lale ls [usL LhaL common people should reflecL on Lhe selfless love of Copls for Lord krlshna and
experlence Lhe love of Cod for Lhem as well
AfLer conquerlng 8rahma and oLher gods ego of kamadev had surged Lo greaL helghLs Pe
Lherefore requesLed Cod Lo quench hls LhlrsL for war Cod lnvlLed kamadev Lo vlslL vrlndavana
on Lhe nlghL of Sharad urnlma (lull moon nlghL) ln Lhe season LhaL precedes wlnLer and Lold
hlm LhaL on LhaL dlvlne nlghL Pe would en[oy Lhe company of crores of Copls lf l have sllghLesL
passlon for any of Lhem you wlll wln oLherwlse you wlll lose
1haL nlghL Lord krlshna added more dlvlnlLy more brllllance Lo lL wlLh a resoluLlon of 8as wlLh
Lhe help of ?ogmaya (personlfled llluslon) lL was a perfecL nlghL for Lhe purpose flowers
bloomed ln vrlndavana full moon shone and genLle cool breeze blew from Lhe banks of rlver
?amuna AmldsL Lhls sLlmulaLlng amblence Lord krlshna began Lo play an enchanLlng Lune on
hls fluLe 1he Lune aLLracLed Copls Lhelr passlon surged Lo lLs zenlLh and under Lhe lnfluence of
love for lord krlshna and as lf ln Lrance all of Lhem ran Lo meeL Lhelr beloved kanhalya leavlng
all Lhelr fear bondage paLlence and shyness behlnd Some of Lhem were lnLercepLed by Lhelr
husbands and dragged back Lo home 8uL only Lhelr physlcal bodles sLayed puL Lhelr souls
reached vrlndavana
ln vrlndavana on Lhe bank of ?amuna Copls saw vrlndavana vlharl (eplLheL for krlshna) near
Lhelr famlllar Cadamba Lree ?ogmaya adorned all Lhe Copls from Llp Lo Loe ln facL Lhose Copls
were noL ordlnary women
MalLreya asks Copls had noL regarded krlshna as arabrahma WhaL was Lhe basls for Lhelr
passlon Lhen?arashar says When a wreLched person llke Shlshupal who always abused lord krlshna
could
flnd supreme poslLlon Lhere should be no doubL for Copls who had such a profound passlon for
Lord So Copls arrlved and gaLhered around Lord krlshna
1o LesL Lhelr devoLlon and Lo enhance Lhe honor of kamadev krlshna sald Lo Lhem C Copls Lhe
pure ones lL ls noL flL for you Lo sLay here aL Lhls hour of nlghL Co and serve your husbands
?our duLles musL be flrsL Lo your husbands chlldren and cows 1hey wlll be walLlng for you
eagerly Co and console Lhem ?ou can galn me by hearlng reclLlng seelng eLc ?ou need noL slL
here Co Lo your homes
Copls however sald Covlnd we have come Lo you leavlng all Lhe mundane lusLs behlnd now
golng back ls llke rulnlng our llves lL ls Lhe greaLesL mlsforLune lf someone reLurns Lo mundane
affalrs even afLer belng aL your feeL 1hese words LhaL reflecLed dlvlne feellngs of Copls pleased
Lord Pe began Lo en[oy Lhelr company 8uL a feellng of ego began Lo creep ln Lhe mlnds of
Copls because of lords closeness 1hey began Lo assume Lhemselves as hlghly forLunaLe 1o
remove Lhelr ego Lord dlsappeared rlghL among Lhem
l1lA8LL CCnul1lCn Cl CClS ln k8lSPnAS
A8SLnCL
AfLer Lhe dlsappearance of krlshna Copls were perplexed 1helr hearLs burned wlLh deslre 1hey
had dedlcaLed Lhelr enLlre selves ln Lhe feeL of Lord 1hey were enLlrely merged ln Lhe love of
krlshna 1hus drlven by passlon Copls began Lo search Lord krlshna 1hey asked Lrees creepers
and vegeLaLlon for Lhe whereabouLs of Lhelr beloved 1hey Lhen spoLLed Pls fooLprlnLs aL one
place looLprlnLs of 8adha were also Lhere lndeed Pe would have carrled her LhaL greaL
forLunaLe one on Pls shoulders 1hey LhoughL Lord had lndeed afLer dlsappearlng from amldsL
Copls Laken 8adha Lo an lsolaLed place She had Lhen began Lo Lhlnk herself superlor Lo oLher
Copls So aL one place she sald C Lord l canL walk now My Lender feeL are Llred klndly
carry me on your shoulders Lo wherever you wlsh AL her requesL Lord krlshna agreed Lo carry
her on hls shoulder 8uL as soon as she proceeded Lo rlde Lord dlsappeared from Lhere also
now 8adha began Lo cry and wall and falnLed AL Lhe same Llme oLher Copls also reached Lhere
and found 8adha lylng unconsclous on Lhe ground All of Lhem lncludlng 8adha Lhen reLurned Lo
Lhe bank of ?amuna and began Lo walL for krlshnas appearance
8LALA8AnCL Cl LC8u k8lSPnA AMCnC CClS
When Lhe beloved Copls bursL lnLo Lears krlshnas paLlence gave away Pls hearL melLed aL Lhelr
condlLlon and Pe appeared amldsL Lhem A sweeL smlle played on hls beauLlful face Pe wore a
garland of fresh val[ayanLl flowers and yellow cloLhes Pls beauLy could have moved even
kamadev Seelng Lhelr beloved kanha once agaln amldsL Lhem Copls goL a new lease of llfe All
of Lhem began Lo embrace Lord krlshna and Lhus quench Lhe flre of separaLlon LhaL was burnlng
Lhelr bodles
1hereafLer along wlLh Lhe beauLles of vra[ Lord krlshna came Lo Lhe bank of ?amuna Copls
puL Lhelr querles before hlm for soluLlon Lord krlshna sald C beloved Copls l do noL reclprocaLe Lo Lhe
deslre of my beloved ones for physlcal love 8ecause of lL Lhelr consclence
remalns always engrossed ln me Pence l Lake Lo hldlng even afLer meeLlng so LhaL you could
feel compleLe lmblbemenL ln me
MAPA8AS
lrom Lhe words of Lord krlshna Copls forgoL Lhe palns of separaLlon lrom Lhe closeness of
Lhelr beloved Lhelr llves were successful now WlLh Lhose Copls Lord krlshna sLarLed Maharas
on Lhe plous banks of rlver ?amuna All Lhe gods gaLhered ln sky Lo wlLness LhaL dlvlne fesLlval
Copls were even more forLunaLe Lhan Lakshml 8uL even amldsL crores of Copls who were eager
Lo devoLe Lhelr everyLhlng Lo Plm Lord krlshna compleLely refralned from deslres feellngs and
even acLlons 1hus Lord krlshna defeaLed even kamadev and removed hls ego
SALvA1lCn Cl SuuA8SPAn Anu SPAnkPCu8
arashar says Cnce on Lhe occaslon of ShlvaraLrl nand 8aba and all oLher Copas drove Lhelr
carLs wlLh famllles and reached Amblkavana on a pllgrlmage Lour 1here Lhey Look baLh ln Lhe
rlver SaraswaLl and wlLh devoLlon worshlped lord Shlva and arvaLl 1hey also observed day
long fasL and declded Lo pass Lhelr nlghL on Lhe bank of SaraswaLl 8uL a huge pyLhon lnhablLed
LhaL place uurlng Lhe nlghL Lhe pyLhon emerged and caughL hold of nands leg nandbaba crled
loudly All Lhe Copas gaLhered around hlm Pe crled agaln kanhalya Lhls snake ls all seL Lo
sLrangulaLe me Save me
Lord krlshna Louched Lhe pyLhon wlLh hls feeL and lnsLanLaneously Lhe pyLhon vanlshed ln lLs
place appeared a dlvlnelooklng human belng Pe sald C Lord l was a vldyadhar named
Sudarshan l was so much obsessed wlLh my beauLy youLh luxury and comforLs LhaL l used Lo
lnsulL oLhers Cne day l had derlded aL Lhe ugly appearance of Lhe sage Anglra So lndlgnanLly he
cursed me Lo become a pyLhon 8uL pleased by my reallsaLlon of mlsLake he had Lold LhaL when
Cod hlmself would Louch me l would regaln my orlglnal appearance 1hereafLer Sudarshan
wenL round Lhe Cod worshlped Plm and wlLh hls permlsslon deparLed Lo hls abode
Cn anoLher occaslon Lord krlshna arrlved ln vrlndavana durlng vasanL 8lLu (sprlng Season)
1here Pe Look parL ln vasanLlk 8as (8as of sprlng season) wlLh Lhe Copls uurlng 8as lLself a
demon Shankhchur Lrled Lo escape away kldnapplng some of Lhe Copls A sLampede resulLed
among Copls Pearlng Lhelr nolse Lord krlshna ran afLer Lhe demon carrylng a huge Sal
(Shorea) Lree ln hls hands ln no Llme Pe overLook Lhe demon and kllled hlm by [usL one blow
Pe plcked up Lhe gem from demons head and handed lL Lo 8alarama
SALvA1lCn Cl A8lSP1ASu8
Cnce kansa senL a demon ArlshLasur Lo vrlndavana 1he demon arrlved Lhere ln a bulls gulse
1haL huge bull came Lo vrlndavana and began Lo Lerrorlse Lhe people wlLh hls loud sound Seelng
Lhe bull 8alarama sald Lo krlshna kanhalya l have never seen such a huge bull before All
Lhe people began Lo cry for help Lord krlshna consoled Lhem and challenged Lhe bull demon C
fool why are you Lerrorlslng Lhese cows and cowherds? l am golng Lo shaLLer your ego 1he challenge
from krlshna plnched Lhe demon 1applng hls hooves angrlly Lhe demon aLLacked
Cod Pe wlshed Lo gore Plm buL krlshna held hls horns and pushed hlm back 1hen klcklng Lhe
demon krlshna kllled hlm ln no Llme
kAnSA SLnuS Ak8u8A
AfLer Lhe kllllng of ArlshLasur uevarshl narada vlslLed kansa and asked C kansa Lhe glrl who
had sllpped form your hand was ln facL Lhe daughLer of ?ashoda krlshna and 8alarama who are
sLaylng ln vrlndavana are lnfacL Lhe sons of uevakl and 8ohlnl respecLlvely 8ecause of your
fear vasudev has kepL Lhem under Lhe supervlslon of hls frlend nand 1hose Lwo boys have
kllled Lhe demons senL by you Pearlng Lhese words kansa shook wlLh anger and puL vasudev
and uevakl ln prlson agaln 1hereafLer he called hls mlnlsLer Akrura and asked hlm Lo seL ouL aL
once for Cokul Pe sald Lo Akrura Akrura[l you are an old frlend and wellwlsher of mlne Co
Lo Cokul and brlng Lhe sons of vasudev who are sLaylng aL nands home lnvlLe Lhem Lo vlslL
MaLhura Lo wlLness Lhe fesLlvlLles of uhanush?agya Akrura undersLood kansas lnLenLlons
buL feared LhaL lf he refused LhaL demon would klll hlm So he declded Lo vlslL Cokul and also
have Lhe opporLunlLy of seelng Cod Pe was feellng overwhelmed by Lhe mere LhoughL of lL nexL
day he seL ouL on a grand charloL Lo meeL hls supreme Lord ln Cokul
MedlLaLlng ln Lhe feeL of Lord Akrura was headlng Lowards vrlndavana Pe was feellng hlmself
as Lhe mosL forLunaLe one for he was sure Lo have a slghL of Lord 1hus obsessed wlLh many klnds
of devoLlonal feellngs Akrura allghLed from Lhe charloL aL Lhe border of vrlndavana and sLarLed
walklng Pe found lL un[usL Lo rlde a charloL on Lhe land of vrlndavana where Lord krlshna
Lreaded 8y Lhe Llme he reached vrlndavana Lord krlshna and 8alarama had reLurned home
afLer grazlng Lhelr caLLle Seelng Lhem Akrura fell aL Lhelr feeL 8oLh Lhe broLhers ralsed Akrura
and addressed hlm as Chacha (uncle) and escorLed hlm lnLo Lhe house
Akrura was glven a warm welcome and LreaLmenL Lhere AfLer Lhe dlnner Lhey assembled ln
nands drawlng room nand lnqulred abouL Lhe reason of hls sudden arrlval Akrura sald kansa
ls organlslng a wresLllng compeLlLlon ln MaLhura Pe has lnvlLed all Lhe blg and small klngs Lo
Lhe compeLlLlons Pe has lnvlLed you wlLh krlshna and 8alarama as well 8eauLlful MaLhura ls
worLh seelng Culllble nand felL pleased by Akruras Lalklng and sald klng kansa has shown a
greaL honor Lo me Pe has senL lnvlLaLlon only Lo oLher klngs buL has senL hls mlnlsLer Lo call me
and a golden charloL for my klds So lL was announced ln Cokul LhaL all Lhe people would go Lo
MaLhura Lhe nexL day and wlLness Lhe fesLlvlLles Lhere
uLA81u8L Cl k8lSPnA Anu 8ALA8AMA lC8
MA1Pu8A
When Lhe Copls heard abouL krlshna leavlng Cokul Lo vlslL MaLhura Lhey began Lo wall and cry
1hey were geLLlng so much resLless by Lhe news LhaL Lhey felL Lhelr llves would end before Lhe
sunrlse 1hey sLarLed lmprecaLlng faLe LhaL lL had no klndness llrsL lL provlded Lhem wlLh a closer
conLacL wlLh Lhelr beloved kanha now lL was causlng a long separaLlon from hlm Some of Copls
even begged for deaLh Lhey felL lL beLLer Lhan llvlng wlLhouL kanha All Lhe Copls kepL on crylng
and walllng nlghLlong MoLher ?ashoda awoke early ln Lhe mornlng nexL day She churned ouL buLLer
and addlng Mlsrl (sugar candles) she Look lL Lo krlshna Lo feed hlm 8uL Lhere she found
LhaL boLh krlshna and 8alarama were geLLlng ready Lo seL ouL for MaLhura 1hey held moLhers
feeL and sald ardon us C moLher we are golng Lo MaLhura 1hese words dlsLurbed ?ashoda
She ran and fell aL Akruras feeL and sald l am your slave
C Akrura please do noL Lake my beloved sons Lo MaLhura 1hey are lnseparable from my hearL
Why kansa has summoned Lhem Lo MaLhura?
C Akrura go and Lell hlm Lo Lake everyLhlng from us buL spare our sons We are also ready Lo
llve ln [all buL canL lose our beloved sons Akrura consoled ?ashoda 8habhl (slsLerlnlaw)
donL worry 1hese Lwo broLhers are golng Lo MaLhura Lo wlLness Lhe fesLlvlLles Lhere and wlll
reLurn soon Lo comforL your hearL ?ashoda sald Akrura[l MaLhura ls a Lown of gold and boLh
of my sons are Loo young yeL Lo be needed Lhere for any reason
1ouchlng Lhe feeL of nand and ?ashoda boLh Lhe broLhers sald laLher moLher we wlll
deflnlLely reLurn resenLly we wlsh Lo see Lhe grandeur of MaLhura Meanwhlle all Lhe Copls
and Copas had gaLhered Lhere Crylng and walllng Lhe Copls sald ?ou are very Cruel C
Akrura who named you as Akrura ?ou have come here Lo laceraLe our hearLs Second Copl
sald no frlend lL ls noL a faulL of Akrura Cur complalnLs are wlLh Shyamsundar We lefL
everyLhlng our husbands chlldren our homes and dedlcaLed our enLlre selves ln your servlce
And now you are deserLlng us so ruLhlessly We have no supporL for our llfe excepL you C
Madhusadan Saylng Lhls all Lhe Copls bursL lnLo Lears agaln
All Lhe Copas lncludlng Srldama surrounded Lhe charloL and sald C krlshna we had noL even
dreamL LhaL you would deserL us so ruLhlessly C kanhalya we have seen wlLh our eyes LhaL even
lndra varuna Sanakadl and 8rahma bow before you 8uL we have never regarded you as Cod
We regarded you as our frlend Are you angry wlLh us? C my chlldhood frlend kanhalya we
requesL you we wlll never abuse you ln fuLure lf you were lnLendlng Lo go why dld you Lhen
save us from Lhe lnfernal foresL flre Why dld you save from Lhe deluglng ralns? We cannoL llve
wlLhouL you 1ell us C benevolenL frlend when wlll you reLurn
Lord krlshna consoled Lhem all and Look many of Lhem wlLh Plm 1he charloL began Lo move
As long as Lhe flag of Lhe charloL remalned vlslble people kepL on crylng and walllng Lven Lhe
eyes of Akrura fllled wlLh Lears Lord asked hlm kaka why are you weeplng? Akrura replled
C Lord kansa ls Lhe greaL slnner l feel he wlll Lry Lo LormenL you by all means So my hearL
says LhaL l should Lake you back Lo vrlndavana because lf kansa dld any harm Lo you Lhelr
splrlLs wlll curse me for ever
Ak8u8A PAS A SlCP1 Cl LC8u ln lCu8A8MLu
lC8M
Pearlng Akruras words Lord undersLood LhaL when he had arrlved ln vra[ he was affllcLed wlLh
a feellng of ma[esLy 8uL now lL has been replaced by affecLlon now Pe Lherefore declded Lo
remove hls dllemma 1hus Lord sald Lo hlm kaka MaLhura ls sLlll some dlsLance away So you
Lake a baLh ln ?amuna We broLhers are walLlng for you ln Lhe charloLAs soon as Akrura Look a dlp ln
?amuna Lord showed hlm a slghL of Pls abode valkunLh and
hls narayanas appearance ln whlch he was holdlng conch wheel mace and loLus ln each of hls
four hands and was lylng on Lhe bed of Sheshnaga WlLh folded hands Akrura prayed Lo lord C
lord you are Lhe reason for Lhe exlsLence of 8rahma and Lhe unlverse C Lord l pray aL your feeL
agaln and agaln now l recognlse you ?ou are Lhe one who Look Lhe lncarnaLlons of MaLsya
kachchap varaha naraslnha vamana 8ama eLc 1hus afLer baLh and worshlp Akrura reLurned
Lo Lhe charloL Lord krlshna undersLood LhaL now a devoLlonal feellng had arlsen ln Lhe mlnd of
Akrura for narayana Lord asked ?our condlLlon seems mlserable uld you see anyLhlng
exLraordlnary under waLer? Akrura sald C Lord now besLow your grace on me klndly come
Lo my home and accepL my hosplLallLy
A88lvAL ln MA1Pu8A Anu C8ACL Cn ku8!A
AfLer Lhe deparLure of Akrura nandbaba Loo seL ouL for MaLhura along wlLh Lhe Copas Cn Lhe
way lLself Lhey caughL up wlLh krlshna and 8alarama All of Lhem Lhen reached MaLhura
LogeLher 1here Lhey sLayed ln a garden AfLer someLlme wlLh nands permlsslon boLh Lhe
broLhers seL ouL Lo see Lhe clLy of MaLhura MaLhura was lndeed a beauLlful Lown All Lhe
resldenLs of MaLhura Lhronged on roads roofs and aLLlces Lo have a slghL of krlshna and
8alarama
Cn Lhe way Lhey meL a preLLy buL hunched woman She lnLroduced herself as kub[a Lhe mald of
kansa Per duLy was Lo smear Lhe members of Lhe royal famlly wlLh sandalwood pasLe Cod
asked her lf she would smear hlm wlLh sandal pasLe kub[a sald C Manmohan l see no one
more flLLlng Lhan you for Lhe sandal pasLe 1hus she smeared Lord krlshna's forehead wlLh
saffron Cn uaus forehead she smeared musk conLalnlng sandal pasLe oLher Copas smeared all
Lhe remalnlng sandal pasLe on Lhelr heads Lord krlshna Lhen puL Pls feeL on kub[as and
holdlng her chln gave her head a sllghL [erk And ln no Llme kub[as hunch was gone and she
Lurned lnLo a preLLy woman She begged lord for Pls love 1he Lord promlsed her a meeLlng ln
fuLure and proceeded ahead
88LAklnC Cl 1PL 8CW Anu klLLlnC LLLPAn1
AfLer savlng kub[a Lord krlshna and oLher Copas moved ahead AL a place Lhey saw a huge
bow kepL on a hlgh sLage Many sLrong men were guardlng lL Lord krlshna enLered Lhe canopy
and easlly llfLed Lhe bow and broke lL lnLo pleces 1here was a blg applause from all around uau
sald krlshna now Lhe crowd wlll lncrease here so leL us escape ln Llme 1hus boLh Lhe broLhers
and Lhelr frlends beaL a reLreaL Lo Lhelr camp 1here Lhey resLed for nlghL 1here ln MaLhura
breaklng of Lhe bow had frlghLened kansa Pe could noL sleep durlng Lhe nlghL Lven ln hls
dreams he saw noLhlng buL krlshna everywhere around hlm
Larly ln Lhe mornlng kansa summoned hls mlnlsLer and ordered hlm Lo make kuvalayapeed Lhe
elephanL Lo sLand ln Lhe cenLer of Lhe maln gaLe Pe LhoughL LhaL Lhe elephanL would klll boLh Lhe
boys lf Lhey dared Lo enLer Lhe forL Lhrough maln gaLe 8ack Lhere ln Lhe garden krlshna and
8alarama seL ouL ln wresLlers gulse for Lhe forL AL Lhe gaLe seeln an elephanL blocklng Lhe
passage Lhey asked mahouL loudly C MahouL why have you made Lhe elephanL sLand ln Lhe cenLer of
Lhe gaLe Move lL elLher ahead or back 8uL lnsLead of movlng Lhe elephanL ouL of Lhe
passage Lhe mahouL sLeered lL rlghL on Lhem 8uL before elephanL could aLLack Lhem 8alarama
caughL lLs Lrunk whlle krlshna caughL lLs Lall 8oLh Lhe broLhers Lhen dragged Lhe elephanL ouL of
Lhe gaLe and lofLed lL ln Lhe alr 1he elephanL fell on Lhe ground wlLh a loud Lhud and dled on Lhe
spoL
SALvA1lCn Cl W8LS1LL8S
kansa felL very nervous by Lhe news of elephanLs kllllng 8efore he could Lake sLock of Lhe
slLuaLlon Lord krlshna and 8alarama arrlved ln Lhe amphlLheaLre 1he specLaLors presenL ln Lhe
amphlLheaLre saw Lord as per Lhelr feellngs 1he menfolk saw Lord krlshna as a !ewel among
Lhe men Womenfolk saw hlm as an lncarnaLlon of kamadev Cowherds saw Lhelr naLural frlend
ln Lord whlle Lo kansa Pe appeared as hls deaLh 8uL Lo hls moLher and faLher uevakl and
vasudev and Lo nand krlshna and 8alarama appeared as small klds Sages and asceLlcs saw
noLhlng buL meLaphyslcal comlng ln boys gulse Learned ones slghLed Pls cosmlc form whlle Lo
?adavas Pe appeared as Lhelr LuLelary Cod As soon as Lord krlshna and 8alarama arrlved ln Lhe
rlng Lhe wresLlers who were already presenL Lhere sLood up llke sprlngs A wresLler Chanur
dragged krlshna and one named MushLlk dragged 8alarama lnLo Lhe rlng 1hey sald Lo Lhem
8oLh of you and we are Lhe sub[ecLs of Lhe greaL klng kansa lL ls our duLy Lo please our klng
wlLh our arL and sklll More over we wlll recelve many rewards also
krlshna sald C wresLlers you please flghL among yourselves We are boys yeL so we shall
wlLness your flghL from a dlsLance Chanur sald no you are nelLher boy nor Leenagers ?ou are
sLronger Lhan Lhe sLrongesL ?ou have [usL kllled an elephanL whlch was sLronger Lhan Lhousand
elephanLs 1hus boLh Lhe broLhers were compelled Lo wresLle wlLh Lhe royal wresLlers 8alarama
beaL MushLlk on Lhe ground so hard LhaL he dled aL once on Lhe spoL krlshna slmllarly kllled
second wresLler Chanur All Lhe remalnlng wresLlers meL slmllar faLe one by one 1he masslve
crowd presenL Lhere applauded Lhem [oyfully
SALvA1lCn Cl kAnSA
Seelng Lhe shameful defeaL of hls wresLlers kansa lnfurlaLed wlLh anger and proclalmed 1le all
Lhe opponenLs Lle ugrasen uevakl vasudev and nand ln ropes and brlng Lhem before me
Lord krlshna could noL LoleraLe Lhls and ln a slngle [ump Pe reached on Lhe sLage where kansa
was presenL Lord krlshna caughL hlm by halr and sald C kansa once you have caughL a
helpless woman by halr l have avenged LhaL lnsulL now you wlll recelve Lhe frulLs for your
aLroclLles Saylng Lhls Lord began Lo Lwlrl kansa caLchlng hlm by halr and Lhrew hlm down
from Lhe sLage 1hen Lord [umped once agaln and landed on Lhe chesL of kansa kansa dled
lnsLanLaneously 1hus kansa who was an lncarnaLlon of Lhe demon kalneml recelved salvaLlon
Lord krlshna Lhen released hls parenLs from Lhe prlson and crowned hls maLernal grand faLher
ugrasen as Lhe klng of MaLhura
?AC?CAvl1 Cl k8lSPnA Anu 8ALA8AMAAfLer Lhe successful compleLlon of all Lhe royal ceremonles
Lhe consecraLlon of krlshna and
8alarama was carrled ouL 1hereafLer Lhey came Lo sLay aL Lhe hermlLage of sage Sandlpanl for
formal educaLlon LxLraordlnarlly brllllanL krlshna successfully learned all Lhe knowledge ln
shorL perlod of Llme 1hen as Curuuakshalna (paylng respecL Lo Lhe Leacher) krlshna broughL
back hls dead sons from Lhe abode of ?amara[ 1aklng convocaLlon baLh LhereafLer Lord
krlshna reLurned Lo MaLhura 1here Lhough llvlng among royal luxurles and grandeur Lord
krlshna remalned lndlfferenL Memory of hls senLlmenLal beloved devoLees frlend and oLher
people of vra[ kepL on prlcklng hlm
SLnulnC uuuPAvA AS MLSSLnCL8
SavanL uddhava Lhe son of ?adavas mlnlsLer 8rlhaspaLl was an lnLlmaLe frlend of Lord krlshna
Cnly he had Lhe permlsslon Lo enLer Lords sancLum Seelng hls frlend krlshna ln remorse
uddhava asked MaLhuranaLh you seem Lo be upseL WhaL ls Lroubllng you? Lord krlshna
replled uddhava l feel perplexed l remember my days ln vrlndavana lease go Lo
vrlndavana and geL Lhe news regardlng Copls Lhere Also glve Lhem my message 1hus Lord
krlshna donned uddhava ln hls aLLlre and senL hlm Lo vra[ ln hls charloL
1here he sLayed aL nands home AL nlghL uddhava enqulred abouL nand and ?ashodas well
belng and abouL vra[ ln general 1haL whole mlghL passed ln chaLLlng
8P8AMA8 CLL1
nexL day when Lhe Copls goL Lhe news of uddhavas arrlval Lhey Lhronged ln and around nands
resldence 1hey recognlsed Lhe charloL parked ln fronL of Lhe gaLe lL was Lhe same charloL on
whlch krlshna and 8alarama had deparLed for MaLhura llrsL Lhey LhoughL LhaL Lhelr beloved
krlshna had reLurned
8uL someone lnformed LhaL lL was uddhava krlshnas SavanL frlend who had come Lo preach
Lhem abouL meLaphyslcal knowledge Soon afLerwards uddhava came ouL and spoke ouL loud
C Copls llsLen Lo Lhe preachlng of uddhava 8uL lnsLead of llsLenlng Lo hlm Copls covered
Lhelr ears leellng lnsulLed uddhava expressed hls dlssaLlsfacLlon over Lhelr behavlour Copls
sald Lo hlm C genLleman flrsLly we are noL famlllar wlLh you secondly we have no capaclLy Lo
hear your preachlng ?es lf you wlsh Lo glve us a message of our mosL beloved Lhousand of ears
are eager Lo hear LhaL uddhava Lhen lnLroduced hlmself as Lhe lnLlmaLe frlend of Lord krlshna
knowlng hls ldenLlLy Copls welcome and LreaLed uddhava warmly uddhava Lhen began Lo say
agaln C Copls Lhe person whom you are declarlng as your beloved frlend ln facL recognlses
no moLher no faLher and no oLher relaLlon Pe has no form no colour and no body Pe ls above
all nonexlsLlng all pervaslve and Lhe glver of [oy Pe ls never separaLe from hls devoLee and
beloved ones All of you Loo feel Lhe presence of LhaL Supreme 8elng and be happy forever
Copls sald uddhava as long as Chanashyam sLayed wlLh us we saw endless vlrLues ln hlm
8uL only wlLhln slx monLhs of hls sLay ln MaLhura you wlped ouL all of hls vlrLues and Lurned
hlm vlrLueless1ell us wlLh whlch mouLh dld he eaL buLLer wlLh whlch hand dld he break our plLchers
wlLh
whlch feeL dld he pasLure cows ln Lhe foresLs and wlLh whlch feeL dld he dance on Lhe hood of
kallya Was he anoLher krlshna?
Parsh reacLlon of Lhe Copls sLarLled uddhava Pe began Lo Lhlnk where he had been caughL Pls
knowledge of vedanLa was provlng lneffecLlve on Lhe Copls who were sunk ln so much love Cn
Lhe oLher hand Copls Loo were feellng embarrassed for LreaLlng Lhe guesL blLLerly 8uL Lhey were
also noL prepared Lo llsLen Lo such preachlng LhaL condemned love Moreover Lhey had leL ouL
Lhelr long accumulaLlng feellng
Meanwhlle a bumblebee perched aL 8adhas feeL mlsLaklng Lhem for loLus olnLlng Lo lL all Lhe
Copls sald 8eware C bumblebee beware lf you dare Lo Louch Lhe feeL of our 8adha lL appears
LhaL you are a dlsclple of krlshna 1here ls now no secreL regardlng Lhe vlrLues and acLlons of
your frlend 8uL lL ls good LhaL he and you Lled ln frlendshlp ?ou are black and your frlend has a
black hearL vlrLues of boLh of you are same
llrsL Pe lmblbed us ln Pls love Lhen lefL us ruLhlessly forever Pe ls noL sorry for us 8uL why
does Lakshml serve ln Lhose feeL? She musL be careful lesL she should be decelved llke us C
bumblebee you also appear Lo be a polymaLh who has come here Lo preach us 8uL you wonL geL
an audlence ln 8ra[ ?ou should beLLer go Lo MaLhura
1here ls one kub[a go and relaLe your Lale Lo her ?ou wlll recelve ample donaLlons from her
WhaL wlll you geL from Lhe Copls here? 1hey have already losL Lhelr menLal balance because of
separaLlon from Lhe beloved krlshna lf you have come Lo ask why we loved krlshna C
bumblebee we have no knowledge 8uL we know LhaL our love for krlshna was noL a mlsLake
Lven Lhe goddess Lakshml does noL leave Pls feeL for a momenL Why should we leave hls feeL
Lhen? 8uL C bumblebee have you really come Lo convlnce us When Pe could noL come ouL of
shame Pe senL you Lo console us Lhe deaf and dumb Copls 8uL be careful lf you puL your head
aL Lhe feeL of 8adha
CeL away we have already seen enough of flaLLery and fllrLaLlon of your frlend ueserLlng our
affecLlon for ephemeral Lhlngs we loved LhaL eLernal one 8uL Pe Loo abandoned us Can you
guess abouL our condlLlon? 1ell us C uddhava shall we ever geL Lhe slghL of Srl krlshna agaln?
Pearlng Lhe Lraglc Lale of Lhe Copls uddhava Loo felL very sorry for Lhem Pe felL as lf
MaLhuranaLh lord krlshna was lndeed neglecLlng Lhose Copls uddhava sLayed ln vrlndavana
for slx monLhs 1here he saw every place every spoL where lord krlshna had played once When
he was reLurnlng Lo MaLhura moLher ?ashoda presenLed hlm wlLh buLLer 8adha gave hlm Lhe
fluLe 1hus lmmersed ln Lhe love and overwhelmed by lLs feellngs uddhava reached MaLhura
Pe sald Lo krlshna Lord Lhe real appearance of love LhaL l saw ln vrlndavana ls Lhe only
LruLh Srl krlshna sald uddhava ?ou are weeplng !usL look aL me uddhava looked aL hlm
wlLh wlde opened eyes ln every slngle halr of Lord Lhere exlsLed Copls uddhava was lndeed a
SavanL 8uL Lord had senL hlm Lo 8ra[ only Lo be LaughL a lesson of love
AfLer Lhe deaLh of kansa hls wldowed queens AsLl and rapLl reLurned Lo Lhelr faLher !arasandhs
home and lnformed hlm LhaL krlshna and 8alarama had kllled Lhelr husband kansa lnfurlaLed by Lhe
news !arasandh aL once launched a masslve aLLack on MaLhura 1he people of MaLhura were
frlghLened by Lhe sLrengLh of !arasandhs army Lord krlshna Loo fell ln deep LhoughL !usL Lhen
dlvlne weapons and charloLs appeared from Lhe heaven 8oLh Lhe broLhers Look Lhe weapons and
boarded Lhelr charloLs 1hen Lhey foughL a flerce baLLle and slayed all Lhe army of !arasandh
8alarama furlously caughL !arasandh and was abouL Lo klll hlm 8uL Lord krlshna sLopped hlm
1hey Lhen released !arasandh and leL hlm go unhurL !arasandh felL ashamed LhaL krlshna
released hlm because of hls helpless condlLlon
arashar says uesplLe hls shameful defeaL !arasandh aLLacked MaLhura sevenLeen Llmes wlLh
huge armles 8uL every Llme Lhe Lord defeaLed hlm and released hlm ln klndness And every
Llme !arasandh felL more humlllaLed
AL lasL lnsLead of aLLacklng MaLhura hlmself !arasandh senL kalyavan Lo defeaL Srl krlshna
kalyavan launched an aLLack on MaLhura wlLh one crore sLrong Malechchh army 1hls Llme Lord
krlshna declded Lo vacaLe MaLhura lnsLead of counLerlng Lhe aLLack Pe goL uwarkapurl
consLrucLed by vlshwakarma and seLLled all Lhe people of MaLhura Lhere 1hen unarmed Lord
krlshna walked pasL kalyavan olnLed by narada kalyavan aL once recognlsed krlshna and
gave Plm a chase Pe also challenged Plm buL Lhe Lord dld noL llsLen Lo hls challenges and kepL
movlng wlLh face Lurned away kalyavan chased Plm for long buL could noL caLch up
ulLlmaLely Lord krlshna enLered a cave kalyavan Loo followed Plm lnLo Lhe cave ln Lhe cave
Lord krlshna saw LhaL someone was sleeplng Lhere So Pe covered Lhe man wlLh hls yellow
lengLh of cloLh and hlmself hld lnslde Lhe cave kalyavan Loo arrlved Lhere and saw Lhe sleeplng
man Pe mlsLook hlm for krlshna and sald krlshna you mlghL have LhoughL LhaL braves do noL
aLLack on sleeplng people So l wlll flrsL wake you up and Lhen klll you Saylng Lhus kalyavan
klcked Lhe sleeplng man hard Powever as soon as Lhe man awakened and glanced aL kalyavan
kalyavan goL lnclneraLed aL once
1ALL Cl MuCPkunu
MalLreya asked Curudev who was LhaL sleeplng man?
arashar says C klng LhaL sleeplng man was Muchkund Lhe son of Lhe klng MandhaLa 1he
gods had soughL hls asslsLance ln Lhelr war agalnsL Lhe demon durlng Lhe SaLya ?uga WlLh
Muchkunds help Lhe gods had defeaLed Lhe demons and Lhus pleased had asked hlm Lo seek a
boon Muchkund Lhen had soughL a boon of seelng Cod ln Langlble form 1he gods had assured
hlm LhaL he would have a slghL of Cod ln uwapar ?uga Slnce uwapar ?uga was sLlll far away
so Muchkund had asked WhaL should l do Llll Lhen? 1he gods asked hlm Lo sleep somewhere
and blessed hlm wlLh a boon LhaL whoever waked hlm up would be lnclneraLed aL once by hls
glance 1hus ln order Lo geL kalyavan lnclneraLed and show Muchkund wlLh hls ulvlne form
Lord had gone Lo LhaL spoL where Muchkund was sleeplng
Muchkund goL Lhe slghL of Cod ln ChaLurbhu[ form and soughL a boon of conLlnuous devoLlon
for Lhree blrLhs 1hus Lord defeaLed Malechchh army and capLured all Lhelr wealLh Pe also
defeaLed !arasandh and caused greaL [oy for Lhe people of uwarka1he klng of AnarL 8alvaL goL hls
daughLer 8evaLl marrled Lo 8alarama wlLh Lhe blesslng of
8rahma
MLSSACL Cl 8ukMAnl lC8 LC8u k8lSPnA
arashar says 8hlsmak was Lhe klng of vldarbh Pe had flve sons and a daughLer 8ukmanl
8ukml Lhe eldesL son of 8hlsmak had flxed hls slsLers engagemenL wlLh Shlshupal Lhe prlnce
of Chaldl narada dld noL llke Lhls developmenL Pe wenL Lo kundanpur Lhe caplLal of vldarbh
and sald ln Lhe courL of 8hlsmak C klng l am comlng from uwarka 8hlsmak sald! C greaL
Sage l have never heard abouL any clLy named uwarka 1hus ln Lhe courL of 8hlsmak narada
narraLed abouL Lhe llfe of Lord krlshna and Lhe grandeur of uwarka 8hlsmak heard Lhe Lale wlLh
full aLLenLlon Pls daughLer 8ukmanl Loo en[oyed Lhe Lale
8uL 8ukml had a sLrong opposlLlon agalnsL Lord krlshna lgnorlng Lhe wlsh of hls faLher he was
noL ready Lo geL hls slsLer marrled Lo Lord krlshna Cn Lhe appolnLed day Shlshupal appeared
Lhere ln a processlon Lo geL marrled wlLh 8ukmanl
8uL 8ukmanl was deLermlned Lo marry Lord krlshna She senL a love leLLer Lo krlshna Lhrough a
loyal 8rahmln and declared a fasL unLo deaLh Lord krlshna read her leLLer whlch sald C
1rlloklnaLh slnce Lhe momenL Lhese ears have heard abouL your vlrLues acLlons characLer and
plays my soul experlences dlvlne peace C AchyuL my mlnd ls dedlcaLed ln your feeL C greaL
among Lhe men Lhls 8ukmanl has dedlcaLed herself ln your feeL now lL ls up Lo you Lo see LhaL
no [ackal could Lake away Lhe llons share 1he 8rahmln Lhe carrler of Lhe leLLer reLurned Lo
kundanpur wlLh an assurance from Lord krlshna Lord krlshna Loo called Lhe charloLeer and seL
ouL aL once for kundanpur 1here ln kundanpur 8ukmanl afLer geLLlng Lhe assurance from Lhe
8rahmln was Lhus walLlng for Lord krlshna's arrlval
reparaLlons for 8ukmanls marrlage wlLh Shlshupal were on wlLh full swlng ln kundanpur All
Lhe houses sLreeLs and lanes were cleaned and sprlnkled wlLh scenLed waLer All Lhe men and
women folk donned new cloLhes and ornamenLs klng 8hlsmak worshlpped hls ancesLors and
gods and welcomed Lhe 8rahmlns llberally LxLremely beauLlful prlncess 8ukmanl was glven
ceremonlal baLh and donned wlLh ausplclous cloLhes and braceleLs
1he klng of Chedl uamaghosh goL Lhe ausplclous rlLes for Lhe marrlage of hls son Shlshupal
performed by 8rahmlns All Lhe 8araLls (people ln marrlage processlon) were glven grand
recepLlon Many greaL klngs llke Shalv !arasandh uanLvakLra vlduraLh and aundrak were
presenL ln Lhe marrlage processlon 1hey had come wlLh Lhelr armles wlLh an lnLenLlon of flghLlng
krlshna and 8alarama AfLer krlshnas deparLure 8alarama Loo seL ouL for kundanpur wlLh
chaLuranglnl (wlLh four wlngs) army for he had known abouL Lhelr opponenLs preparedness
8ukmanl was eagerly awalLlng Lord krlshna's arrlval She had recelved Lhe news LhaL
uwarakanaLh (krlshna) had resolved Lo Lake her away She was feellng overwhelmed ln her
hearL Seelng Lord krlshna arrlved lnLenLly ln Lhe marrlage ceremonles of hls daughLer klng
8hlsmak welcomed hlm Seelng hlm even Lhe common people of vldarbh prayed May our
prlncess 8ukmanl geL Srl krlshna as her husband AL Lhe same Llme 8ukmanl emerged from her
palace Lo go Lo Lhe Lemple of Amblkadevl soldlers were guardlng her ln Lhe Lemple 8ukmanl prayed
peacefully C MoLher Amblka l greeL you and CanapaLl who ls slLLlng ln your lap l seek
your blesslng LhaL may my wlsh be fulfllled and may l recelve Srl krlshna as my husband
Cn her way back 8ukmanl was walklng very slowly for she was awalLlng Lords arrlval whlch
was due ln any momenL !usL Lhen Lord krlshna appeared before her 8efore she could rlde her
charloL Lord llfLed her from amldsL Lhe crowd And ln Lhe presence of hundreds of klngs krlshna
and 8alarama eloped away wlLh 8ukmanl
k8lSPnA uLlLA1S 8ukMl Anu MA88lLS 8ukMAnl
Pearlng Lhe news LhaL krlshna has eloped wlLh 8ukmanl 8ukml and all oLher klngs presenL Lhere
bolled wlLh anger Accompanled by Lhelr huge armles Lhey declded Lo glve Lhem a chase 1hus
chased my Lhem ?adnvanlshls sLopped and encounLered Lhe klngs boldly WlLh a Lrue amblLlon
Lo wln brave ?adav soldlers defeaLed Lhe enemles All Lhe klngs llke !arasandh fled for Lhelr
llves 8ukml had resolved LhaL wlLhouL geLLlng 8ukmanl released from krlshnas capLlvlLy he
would noL show hls face ln kundanpur Pe chased Lord krlshna for long 8uL uwarakanaLh
defeaLed hlm and goL hls head shaved 1hus defeaLlng all Lhe klngs Lord krlshna broughL
8ukmanl Lo uwarka 1here Lhey goL marrled formally All Lhe people of uwarka celebraLed
fesLlvlLles for many days eople presenLed Lhem wlLh loL of preclous glfLs All Lhe people were ln
greaL [oy Lo see Lakshml as 8ukmanl wlLh her husband Lord krlshna
8l81P Cl 8Au?uMn klLLlnC Cl SPA8A8ASu8
kamadev was a parL of lord hlmself AfLer geLLlng lnclneraLed by 8udra kamadev Look refuge ln
Lhe supreme lord Lo geL an lncarnaLlon once more 1hus kamadev was born as 8ukmanls flrsL
son radyumn 8uL [usL afLer hls blrLh radyumn was kldnapped by a demon Shambarasur 1he
demon dropped Lhe baby lnLo Lhe sea where a huge flsh swallowed hlm ln whole ColncldenLally
Lhe flsh was caughL by Lhe flshers and presenLed Lo Lhe klLchen of Shambarasur When Lhe cooks
cuL Lhe flsh open an exLremely beauLlful baby emerged MayawaLl Lhe governess of Lhe klLchen
felL over[oyed Lo see Lhe baby She began Lo rear Lhe baby wlLh love and affecLlon Cnce narada
arrlved ln Lhe klLchen and sald MayawaLl do you know who ls ln your lap? no C uevarshl
l found hlm from Lhe belly of a flsh sald MayawaLl uevarshl narada sald Pe ls your husband
kamadev and you are hls wlfe 8aLl ln Lhls blrLh he has appeared as radyumn Lhe son of
krlshna Pearlng Lhls MayawaLl saluLed narada wlLh respecL Slnce Lhen she regarded radyumn
as her husband and served hlm accordlngly When radyumn maLured MayawaLl remlnded hlm
abouL hls real appearance radyumn LhereafLer kllled Shambarasur and goL marrled wlLh
MayawaLl 1hen Lhe couple arrlved ln uwarka
1ALL Cl S?AMAn1Ak 1PL CLM Anu l1S 1PLl1
A person named SaLra[lL was a greaL devoLee of Lord Suryanarayana leased by hls devoLlon
Suryadev presenLed hlm a gem called SyamanLak 1he gem had radlance equal Lo Lhe Sun
8earlng LhaL gem SaLra[lL arrlved ln Lords courL 8y Lhe radlance of hls gem all Lhe people and
Lhe courLlers mlsLook hlm for Suryadev and sLood ln hls regard 8uL Lhe Lord recognlsed hlm and
asked hls courLlers Lo be calm 1hen Lo SaLra[lL Lord Sald SaLra[lL your gem ls really very beauLlful
nana (maLernal grandfaLher) ugrasen ls Lhe klng of Lhls reglon lf you presenL Lhls gem
Lo hlm lL wlll be very good 8uL SaLra[lL refused Lo presenL LhaL gem Cne day laLer on SaLra[lLs
broLher rasen[lL wenL hunLlng wearlng Lhe gem ln hls neck ln Lhe foresL a llon kllled hlm and
snaLched Lhe gem 1he llon was ln Lurn kllled by Lhe bear klng !ambvanL !ambvanL Look Lhe gem
Lo hls cave and gave lL Lo hls chlldren Lo play wlLh When rasen[lL dld noL reLurn from hunLlng
SaLra[lL felL sorry and accused krlshna LhaL Pe had kllled hls broLher for Lhe gem When Lord
krlshna heard LhaL he was belng blamed for Lhe mlshap Pe hlmself wenL Lo Lhe foresLs 1here he
found Lhe dead body of rasen[lL buL Lhere was no slgn of gem around Lhe cadaver Pe found
only fooLprlnLs of a llon leavlng from Lhere lollowlng Lhe fooLprlnLs Pe dlscovered Lhe dead
llon and Lhe fooLprlnLs of a greaL bear lollowlng Lhe fooLprlnLs Pe reached ln Lhe cave where
!ambvanLs daughLer !ambvaLl was playlng wlLh Lhe gem
As soon as Lord krlshna proceeded Lo Lake Lhe gem !ambvanL arrlved A flerce duel resulLed
beLween Lhem 1hey conLlnued Lo flghL for LwenLyslx days wlLhouL Lruce Cn Lhe LwenLysevenLh
day !ambvanL requesLed Lord! lease walL C Lord Lord sald uo you wanL Lo Lake resL?
no sald !ambvanL l have recognlsed you ?ou are none oLher Lhan Lord narayana Plmself
nobody else has Lhe power Lo defeaL me Lord appeared before !ambvanL as Srl 8ama
!ambvanL prayed and worshlpped Plm Pe was feellng gullLy LhaL he dared Lo flghL Lord Lord
sald LhaL Pe had arrlved Lhere for Lhe gem only !ambvanL gave hlm Lhe gem and also hls
daughLer !ambvaLl Lord krlshna reLurned Lhe gem Lo SaLra[lL and marrled !ambvaLl formally
k8lSPnA'S C1PL8 MA88lACLS
1) Lord krlshna summoned SaLra[lL Lo Pls courL and ln Lhe presence of Lhe klng ugrasen relaLed
Lhe sequence of lncldenLs LhaL Look place ln Lhe [ungle SaLra[lL felL ashamed WlLh a feellng of
repenLance he Look Lhe gem Pe was geLLlng afrald also LhaL he made enemlLy wlLh lord krlshna
wlLhouL reason Pence Lo explaLe hls crlme SaLra[lL LhoughL of presenLlng Lhe gem SyamanLak
and hls daughLer SaLyabhama Lo Lord krlshna Lord krlshna accepLed SaLyabhama as hls wlfe
buL reLurned Lhe gem Lo SaLra[lL saylng lL ls a glfL of lord Suryadev keep lL wlLh you ?ou are
requlred Lo deposlL Lhe gold LhaL you geL from lL ln Lhe royal Lreasure
Akrura and krlLvarma were noL pleased wlLh Lhe marrlage of SaLyabhama So Lhey goL SaLra[lL
kllled by ShaLadhanva ShaLadhanva kllled SaLra[lL ln hls sleep and absconded wlLh Lhe gem Lord
krlshna was Lhen away ln PasLlnapur SaLyabhama Loo reached Lhere and lnformed krlshna abouL
her faLhers assasslnaLlon WlLh 8alarama Lord krlshna chased ShaLadhanva 8uL even afLer
kllllng hlm Lhey could noL Lrace Lhe gem ShaLadhanva had glven Lhe gem Lo Akrura Lo keep Llll
hls reLurn 8uL afLer Lhe deaLh of ShaLadhanva frlghLened Akrura came Lo sLay ln kashl lrom Lhe
effecL of Lhe gem Akrura performed many grand ?agyas Lhere Lord krlshna summoned Akrura
from kashl AfLer welcomlng and LreaLlng hlm ln Lhe courL Lord krlshna asked hlm abouL Lhe
gem Akrura showed Lhe gem ln Lhe courL 8uL Lord reLurned Lhe gem Lo Akrura
2) Cnce Lord krlshna vlslLed lndraprasLh Lo see andavas 1here rldlng a charloL wlLh Ar[una
Pe came Lo Lhe foresLs Cn Lhe bank of rlver ?amuna a preLLy woman was observlng penance 8y
Lhe lnsLlncL of Cod Ar[una drew near her and asked for her ldenLlLy She sald l am kallndl Lhe
daughLer of Suryadev l am penanclng here ln order Lo geL marrled wlLh Lord krlshna Lord
krlshna goL kallndl boarded on Lhe charloL and goL marrled Lo her formally3) MlLrvlnda was Lhe slsLer
of vlnd Anuvlnd Lhe klng of u[[aln She had a deslre Lo geL Lord
krlshna as her husband 8uL her broLher vlnd Anuvlnd was a follower of uuryodhan So he
sLopped hls slsLer MlLrvlnda from geLLlng marrled Lo krlshna 8uL krlshna eloped wlLh MlLrvlnda
from Lhe courL and goL marrled Lo her formally laLer on
4) SaLya was Lhe daughLer of nagn[lL Lhe klng of kaushal She was exLremely beauLlful lady
1he klng had resolved LhaL he would marry hls daughLer only Lo hlm who would defeaL hls seven
mosL formldable oxen Many prlnces has Lrled Lhelr luck slnce Lhen buL falled When Lord
krlshna heard abouL LhaL Pe reached kaushal wlLh hls army 1he klng of kaushal welcomed and
LreaLed hlm well and Lold hlm abouL hls resoluLlon Lord krlshna Lhen Look seven gulses and ln
no Llme defeaLed hls seven formldable oxen Cladly Lhe klng marrled hls daughLer SaLya Lo Lord
krlshna
3) arashar says arlkshlL Lord krlshna's aunL (faLhers slsLer) ShruLklrLl was marrled ln Lhe
klngdom of kalkau[a 8hadra was Lhe daughLer of ShruLklrLl 8hadras broLhers llke SanLardan
eLc Lhemselves had goL Lhelr slsLer marrled Lo Lord krlshna
6) Lakshmana was Lhe daughLer of Lhe klng of Madra She was very beauLlful and merlLorlous
Lord krlshna abducLed her all alone from Lhe Swayamvara organlsed for her marrlage LaLer
Lord krlshna marrled Lo her formally
SALvA1lCn Cl 8PAuMASu8
rag[yoLlshpur was Lhe caplLal of Lhe demon 8haumasur Pe was very sLrong and powerful Pe
had snaLched Lhe canopy of varuna earrlngs of AdlLl Lhe moLher of Lhe gods and ManlparvaL of
Lhe gods on Meru AparL from Lhese he had also capLured slxLeen Lhousand and one hundred
prlncesses as well
uevra[ lndra hlmself vlslLed uwarka and prayed Lord krlshna Lo geL Lhem rld of 8haumasurs
aLroclLles WlLh Lhe dear wlfe SaLyabhama and rldlng hls vehlcle Caruda Lord krlshna arrlved ln
Lhe caplLal of 8haumasur 8uL Lo enLer rag[yoLlshpur was an lmposslble Lask 8uL wlLh Lhe blows
of hls mace and arrows Lord krlshna easlly broke Lhe hllls desLroyed sLraLeglc poslLlons and cuL
Lhe snares wlLh sword 8y hls wheel he desLroyed Lhe walls of flre waLer and alr WlLh Lhe loud
sound of conch Lord krlshna rendered Lhe machlnes lnsLalled Lhere useless
ulLlmaLely krlshna desLroyed Lhe ramparL of Lhe clLadel ulsLurbed by Lhe nolse Lhe flveheaded
demon Mur ran wlLh a LrldenL Lo klll krlshna 8uL wlLh a slngle shoL of hls arrow Lord krlshna
broke hls LrldenL and cuL hls head wlLh hls wheel Soldlers and commanders of 8haumasur were
also kllled 8haumasur Lhen came hlmself Lo flghL Pe had donned a shlnnlng crown and was
wearlng blg earrlngs WlLh hls wheel Lord krlshna cuL Lhe demons head As soon as Pe
beheaded Lhe demon Lhe gods showered flowers on Lord krlshna and worshlpped Plm Lven Lhe
moLher earLh came and puL a garland of flve colours around lords neck She also presenLed Lo
hlm Lhe earrlngs of AdlLl canopy of varuna and a greaL gem AL Lhe requesL of earLh Lord
krlshna assured 8haumasurs son 8hagdaLL freedom from hls fears7) AfLer slaylng 8haumasur Lord
krlshna enLered hls palace 1here Pe released Lhe slxLeen
Lhousand one hundred capLlve prlncesses 1he prlncesses were very much lmpressed by Lord
krlshna 1hey had all accepLed ln Lhelr mlnd Lord krlshna as Lhelr husband Lord krlshna Loo
bowed before Lhelr love and accepLed Lhem as hls wlves and arranged Lo send Lhem Lo uwarka
8Au?uMnS MA88lACL Wl1P 8ukMvA1l
8ukmvaLl was Lhe daughLer of 8ukml Lhe broLher of 8ukmanl When a Swayamvara was
organlsed for her she saw radyumn She was so lmpressed by hlm LhaL she chose hlm as her
husband 8uL lL was noL accepLable Lo oLher prlnces 1hey Lrled Lo sLop Lhelr marrlage 8uL
defeaLlng Lhem all radyumn abducLed 8ukmvaLl and marrled her formally 1hen Lo please hls
slsLer 8ukmanl 8ukml goL hls granddaughLer 8ochana marrled Lo 8ukmanls grandsons Anlrudh
MA88lACL Cl uSPAAnl8uuP
1he son of Lhe demon klng 8all 8anasur was a greaL devoLee of Lord Shlva 8anasur ruled over
Lhe klngdom ShonlLpur 8y Lhe grace of Lord Shlva he had recelved Lhousand arms Lven all Lhe
gods lncludlng lndra used Lo serve hlm 1hus bllnded by hls physlcal sLrengLh 8anasur soughL a
boon from Lord Lo meeL a maLch for hls sLrengLh Lord Shlva sald C fool your LhlrsL for war
shall be quenched when your flag ls broken
8anasur had a daughLer named usha Cnce she had a dream ln whlch Anlrudh was maklng love
wlLh her She was very much perplexed by Lhe dream AfLer a few days wlLh Lhe help of her
frlend ChlLralekha Anlrudh sneaked lnLo her palace Pe sLayed Lhere and en[oyed Lhe company
of usha for long 8uL Anlrudhs clandesLlne sLay could noL remaln hldden from Lhe eyes of
8anasura So he puL Anlrudh ln prlson 1here ln uwarka everyone was worrled by Anlrudhs
long absence
lL was narada who ulLlmaLely revealed Lhe facL LhaL Anlrudh was ln Lhe prlson of 8anasur
Pearlng Lhe news Lord krlshna launched an aLLack on 8anasur Pls armles surrounded
ShonlLpur uurlng Churabandl Lhe flag of 8anasurs palace fell Lord Shankar arrlved Lo asslsL
8anasur Lord krlshna cuL all Lhe arms of 8anasur AL Lhe requesL of Shlva he lefL only four of
hls arms lnLacL 8anasur bowed hls head before Lord krlshna and broughL Anlrudh and usha
respecLfully before Plm WlLh Lhem Lord krlshna reLurned Lo uwarka where formal marrlage of
usha and Anlrudh Look place
1ALL Cl 1PL klnC n8lC
Cnce Lord krlshnas sons vlslLed Lhe foresLs 1here Lhey saw a huge Chameleon fallen ln a large
deep well 1hey Lrled Lo pull lL ouL buL ln valn 1he prlnces Lherefore reLurned Lo Lhe palace and
relaLed Lhls sLrange eplsode Lo Lord krlshna Lord krlshna Loo came Lo Lhe well and wlLh Pls lefL
hand easlly pulled Lhe Chameleon ouL
As soon as Lhe chameleon came ouL lL Lurned lnLo a dlvlne god and began Lo worshlp krlshna
Pe sald C Lord krlshna l am nrlg 1he klng lkshvaku was my faLher ln my llfe l had donaLed
uncounLable numbers of cows Lo Lhe 8rahmlns 8uL once a cow donaLed by me reLurned Lo my
cowshed 8y mlsLake l made a resoluLlon Lo donaLe lL Lo anoLher 8rahmln My acLlon led Lo a
dlspuLe beLween Lhe Lwo 8rahmlns and my wlsdom falled Lo seLLle Lhelr dlspuLe 8oLh Lhe
8rahmlns wenL away unsaLlsfled buL l meL Lhls faLe afLer deaLh Slnce Lhen l had been ln Lhls
well ln Lhe form of a chameleon now by Lhe graceful Louch of your hands C Lord l have
recelved salvaLlon klng nrlg Lhen wenL around Lord krlshna and reLurned Lo hls heavenly
abode
SALvA1lCn Cl Aunu8Ak
Cnce 8alarama and krlshna had gone Lo 8ra[ Lo see nandbaba Lhere Meanwhlle Lhe klng
aundrak of karush senL an envoy Lo lord krlshna wlLh a message LhaL sald l am Lord vasudev
andraks envoy arrlved ln Lhe courL and read ouL Lhe message 1o besLow my grace on Lhe
people l have Laken an lncarnaLlon ?ou have falsely named yourself as vasudev and bore my
lnslgnla 1ake my refuge or face Lhe baLLle Pearlng Lhe message of aundrak ugrasen and
oLher courLlers began Lo laugh Lord krlshna asked Lhe envoy Lo lnform aundrak LhaL Pe would
launch Pls wheel on hlm and hls army
8ecelvlng Lhe message aundrak launched an aLLack on uwarka wlLh Lwo Akshauhlnl armles
1he klng of kashl was a frlend of aundrak Pe Loo came Lo hls asslsLance wlLh Lhree Akshauhlnl
armles aundrak had dlsgulsed as vasudev and was bearlng arLlflclal conch wheel mace and
loLus and Pe had also adorned SwasLlka kausLubh eLc All Lhe people began Lo laugh aL
aundraks clown llke aLLlre
ln no Llme Lord krlshna sLrlpped hlm of all hls adornmenLs Pls wheel cuL hls head 1hen wlLh
an arrow Lord krlshna cuL Lhe head of Lhe klng of kashl Pls head fell ln fronL of hls palaces
gaLe Suuakshaln Lhe son of Lhe kashl klng organlsed a grand ?agya Lo avenge hls faLhers
kllllng An ogress krlLya emerged from Lhe ?agya and began Lo burn uwarka All Lhe people
prayed krlshna Lo proLecL Lhem Lord krlshna assured Lhem Lo be fearless and ordered Pls wheel
Sudarshan Lo klll krlLya Sudarshan exLlngulshed Lhe flre kllled krlLya and desLroyed kashl
1hen lL reLurned Lo Lord krlshna's flnger
SALvA1lCn Cl uWlvlu
1here was once a monkey named uwlvld Pe was Lhe frlend of 8haumasur When uwlvld heard
abouL 8haumasurs kllllng by Srl krlshna he began Lo cause largescale desLrucLlon ln Lhe
klngdom Pls dlsrupLlve acLlvlLles ln Lhe counLry began Lo Lerrorlse Lhe sub[ecLs of Lord krlshna
Cnce hearlng sweeL muslc Lhe monkey was drawn Lowards Lhe 8alvLak MounLaln 1here he saw
8alarama amldsL beauLlful young women 1he monkey began Lo behave lndecenLly Angered by
hls lndecency 8alarama hlL hlm wlLh hls pesLle named Sunand and kllled Lhe monkey
MA88lACL Cl SAM8
Samb was Lhe son of Lord krlshna and born Lo !ambvaLl Pe had kldnapped Lakshmana Lhe
daughLer of uuryodhan from her Swayamvara lnfurlaLed kauravas chased Lhem and wlLh dlfflculLy
Lhey caughL Samb and Lled hlm When Lhe ?aduvanshls goL Lhe news Lhey began
preparaLlons Lo launch an aLLack on kauravas 8alarama paclfled Lhem and reached PasLlnapur
alone 1here he recelved a warm welcome from Lhe kauravas 8alarama sald Lo Lhem lL ls an
order of Lhe klng ugrasen LhaL you should see Samb off wlLh hls newly wedded wlfe Pearlng
8alaramas words kauravas goL angry and began Lo derlde ?aduvanshls lnfurlaLed by kauravas
derlslon 8alarama Lralned hls pesLle and plough Pe lnLended Lo Lurn over Lhe Lown of
PasLlnapur lnLo Lhe rlver ?amuna When Lhe clLy began Lo shake kauravas felL perplexed and
begged 8alarama for hls pardon 8alarama assured Lhem Lo be fearless and reLurned Lo uwarka
wlLh Samb and hls newly wedded wlfe Lakshmana
klnCS ln CA1lvl1? SLLk k8lSPnA'S PLL 1C klLL
!A8ASAnuP
Cnce Lord krlshna was holdlng Pls courL when an emlssary arrlved ln Lhe courL 1he klngs who
were held capLlve forclbly by !arasandh had senL hlm 1he emlssary relaLed Lhe mlserles of Lhose
klngs Lo Lord krlshna 1hrough Lhe emlssary Lhe klngs had requesLed C Lord of Lhe world
klndly geL us free from our mlserles We are ln your refuge We deslre your slghL klndly besLow
us wlLh your grace Lord krlshna senL Lhe emlssary off wlLh assurance of Llmely acLlon
Meanwhlle uevarshl narada arrlved ln Lhe courL and lnformed Lhe Lord of ?udhlsLhlras
lnLenLlon Lo organlse a grand 8a[suy ?agya and hls cordlal lnvlLaLlon for Lhe Lord Lo aLLend Lhe
ceremony Lord asked hls frlend uddhava for an advlce as Lo where Pe oughL Lo go flrsL Lo
lndraprasLh ln 8a[suy ?agya or Lo llberaLe Lhe klng from Lhe capLlvlLy of !arasandh uddhava
advlsed Lord Lo go Lo lndraprasLh flrsL 1here Pe would be able Lo serve boLh Lhe purposes
uddhavas advlce was ln Lhe lnLeresL of all Lveryone supporLed lL 1aklng permlsslon from Pls
prlesL and Leachers Lord krlshna seL ouL on a charloL wlLh Lhe whole famlly Lo reach lndraprasLh
ln lndraprasLh andavas accorded Lord krlshna wlLh warmhearLed fellclLaLlons 8y Lhe dlcLaLe
of Lord krlshna Mayasur bullL a dlvlne looklng courL for ?udhlsLhlra 1he courLroom was a
marvellous plece of archlLecLure 1he shlnnlng smooLh floor of lL appeared llke waLer whlle
waLer bodles presenLed a look llke marble floors
uurlng ?udhlsLhlras 8a[suy ?agya all Lhe andavas seL ouL ln all Lhe dlrecLlons Lo conquer Lhe
klngs and expand Lhe boundarles of Lhelr klngdom Warrlors llke 8hlma Ar[una defeaLed greaL
klngs all around and exLended Lhe boundarles of ?udhlsLhlras emplre 8uL Lo defeaL !arasandh
8hlma Ar[una and Lord krlshna wenL ln Lhe gulse 8rahmlns 1hey reached !arasandh caplLal
Clrlvra[ and prayed hlm for donaLlons !arasandh promlsed Lo glve Lhem Lhe Lhlngs of Lhelr
deslres Lord krlshna Lhen lnLroduced Lhem and begged !arasandh for a duel wlLh any of Lhem
!arasandh accepLed Lo flghL a duel wlLh 8hlma Pe gave 8hlma a mace and boLh of Lhem came
ouL Lo Lhe ouLsklrLs of Lhe Lown where Lhey began Lhelr duel 8oLh of Lhem were equally sLrong
and equally brave and well plLLed
1wenLyseven days passed buL Lhelr duel remalned lnconcluslve Cn Lhe LwenLyelghLh day
durlng Lhe flghL Lord krlshna slgnalled 8hlma a way Lo klll !arasandh Pe Look a small Lwlg ln
hls hands and Lore lL aparL lnLo Lwo 8hlma undersLood Lhe slgnal and beaLlng !arasandh on
ground he Lore hlm aparL ln Lwo pleces and Lhrew Lhem ln opposlLe dlrecLlons 1hus came Lhe end of
evll !arasandh Lord krlshna and Ar[una hearLlly greeLed 8hlma for hls success 1hey
Lhen enLhroned !arasandhs son Sahadev and also goL Lhe capLlve klngs released
SALvA1lCn Cl SPlSPuAL
klng ?udhlsLhlra had lnvlLed greaL vedlc 8rahmlns and Acharayas on Lhe occaslon ersons
from kauravas slde llke urona 8hlsma krlpacharya uhrlLarashLra vldura and uuryodhan eLc
were Loo lnvlLed Lo wlLness Lhe celebraLlons Lven 8rahma Shlv lndra Candharvas vldyadhar
had Loo arrlved 8uL before Lhe ?agya could sLarL a dlspuLe cropped up among Lhe greaL sages as
Lo who oughL Lo be worshlpped flrsL ln Lhe ?agya
ln Lhe oplnlon of Sahadev (youngesL of Lhe andava broLhers noL Lhe son of !arasandh) Lord
krlshna deserved Lhe flrsL worshlp Lvery one supporLed hlm Cnly Shlshupal could noL LoleraLe
Lhe declslon
Pe sLood up and sald ln Lhe presence of such greaL asceLlcs savanLs polymaLhs and sages how
can Lhls cowherd deserve Lhe flrsL worshlp uesplLe Shlshupal blLLer remarks Lord krlshna kepL
quleL 8uL Shlshupal dld noL Lncouraged by Lord krlshna's sllence he began Lo aLLack Lhe klngs
who sLood by Lord krlshna's slde wlLh sword Pe was slmulLaneously abuslng Lord krlshna
also Lord krlshna had assured Shlshupal of Lhls forglveness for up Lo one hundred slns 8uL now
Shlshupals slns have crossed LhaL permlLLed number So quleLlng all Lord krlshna cuL hls head
wlLh Pls wheel As soon as Lhe dead body of Shlshupal fell on Lhe ground a flame emerged from
lL and merged wlLh Lord krlshna Shukdev says C arlkshlL feellngs of hosLlllLy had been
accumulaLlng ln Lhe hearL of Shlshupal for hls pasL Lhree blrLhs agalnsL Lord krlshna lL was
because of Lhese lnLense hosLlle feellngs LhaL Shlshupal meL salvaLlon evenLually
AfLer Lhe salvaLlon of Shlshupal ceremonles and rlLuals of ?agya proceeded unabaLed AL Lhe
end klng ?udhlsLhlra presenLed all Lhose presenL Lhere wlLh flLLlng glfLs and Look ceremonlal baLh
AL Lhe requesL of andavas Lord krlshna sLayed ln lndraprasLh for many monLhs
SALvA1lCn Cl SPALv
Shukdev says arlkshlL now llsLen Lo Lhe Lale of how Lord krlshna caused salvaLlon for Shalv
Shalv was Lhe chlldhood frlend of Shlshupal and had aLLended Lhe marrlage of 8ukmanl as a
member of Shlshupals weddlng parLy AL LhaL Llme ?aduvanshls had defeaLed Lhem all lncludlng
!arasandh and Shalv 8lghL aL LhaL momenL Shalv had resolved Lo desLroy ?aduvanshls and
began worshlpplng Cods of Lhe gods ashupaLl (Shlv) Lord AshuLosh Shlva was pleased wlLh
hlm As a boon Shalv had goL an aeroplane LhaL was lnvlnclble even for Lhe gods demons
humans nagas eLc and was parLlcularly formldable for ?aduvanshls 8y Lhe dlcLaLe of Lord
Shlva Lhe demon Maya consLrucLed such an aeroplane of lron 1he aeroplane named Saubh was
as blg as a clLy and was dlfflculL Lo be spoLLed or caughL lL could move as fasL as ones wlshes
Soon afLer geLLlng Lhe aeroplane Shalv launched an aLLack of uwarka
Surroundlng uwarka Shalv began Lo desLroy bulldlngs and houses Lhere Seelng Lhe people
Lerrorlsed radyumn consoled Lhem Lo be fearless and he seL ouL on a charloL Lo counLer Shalv Pe
plerced Shalv wlLh arrows 8uL Shalvas mlnlsLer uyumana aLLacked radyumna wlLh a mace
8y Lhe blow of Lhe mace radyumn losL hls consclousness 8uL soon he came around and began
Lo slay Shalvs forces 1he flerce baLLle conLlnued for LwenLyseven days Lord krlshna was away
Lhen ln lndraprasLh ?agya 8uL Pe was sure LhaL ln hls absence kshaLrlya klngs of Shlshupal slde
would be aLLacklng on uwarka
Lord krlshna reached uwarka and saw a flerce baLLle beLween radyumn and Shalv Seelng Lord
krlshna arrlve Shalv began Lo aLLack Plm wlLh sharp arrows Lord krlshna hlL Shalv wlLh a
powerful blow of mace and he began Lo splL blood from hls mouLh Pe Lhen Lrled Lo show many
llluslons and showered Lord krlshna wlLh weapons 8uL Lord krlshna wounded Shalv wlLh hls
arrows broke hls aeroplane wlLh hls mace very soon LhereafLer Lhe aeroplane plunged ln Lo Lhe
sea Shalv Lhen aLLacked Lord krlshna wlLh mace buL Lord krlshna cuL hls head wlLh Sudarshan
wheel Seelng hls end all Lhe gods showered flowers on krlshna
SALvA1lCn Cl uAn1vAk18A Anu vluu8A1P
AfLer Lhe kllllng of Shlshupal Shalv eLc uanLvakLra arrlved ln Lhe baLLlefleld carrylng a mace
When Lord krlshna saw hlm comlng Pe Loo [umped down from Lhe charloL and balked hls
movemenL wlLh a mace uanLvakLra Lrled Lo humlllaLe Cod wlLh hls abuses and hlL hlm on head
wlLh hls mace Lord krlshna easlly bore Lhe blow of mace and hlL uanLvakLras chesL wlLh hls
mace named kaumodakl uanLvakLras hearL Lore aparL by Lhe blow and he fell dead
vlduraLh was Lhe broLher of uanLvakLra Pe came ln Lhe fleld wlLh sword and shleld Lo avenge hls
broLhers deaLh Seelng hlm ready Lo launch an aLLack Lord krlshna cuL vlduraLhs head wlLh hls
wheel 1hus Lord krlshna enLered uwarka only afLer kllllng Shalv uanLvakLra and vlduraLh
All Lhe gods and oLher lnhablLanLs of heaven showered flowers on Plm
SuuAMA 1PL LC8u k8lSPnA'S l8lLnu
uurlng hls sLay as a dlsclple aL Lhe hermlLage of sage Sandlpanl Lord krlshna had a 8rahmln
frlend named Sudama Pe was very lndlfferenL ln naLure wlLh no deslres for Lhe maLerlal Lhlngs
AfLer Lhelr educaLlon Lord krlshna came Lo uwarka whlle Sudama who had no any lncllnaLlon
for accumulaLlng maLerlal wealLh goL marrled and began Lo pass hls llfe wlLh hls wlfe Susheela
ln ab[ecL poverLy Cne day hls wlfe Susheela sald C lord your frlend krlshna ls Lhe klng of
uwarka Pe ls very benevolenL Lo 8rahmlns and hls devoLees lf you go Lo see hlm he wlll
undersLand your mlserles and granL you a loL of wealLh 8uL Sudama plalnly refused saylng
uevl l have chosen Lhe paLh of devoLlon for self upllfLmenL and noL for Lhe wealLh Susheela
however kepL of lnslsLlng All rlghL donL go for Lhe wealLh 8uL aL leasL you can go Lo see your
old frlend Sudama accepLed Lhls proposlLlon Lhlnklng LhaL only Lhe slghL of Lord ylelds supreme
beneflL Lo Lhe devoLee 8uL he wanLed someLhlng as a glfL Lo presenL Lo hls old frlend AL Lhls hls
wlfe Lled four handfuls of raw rlce ln a bundle
WlLh LhaL humble glfL Sudama seL ouL for uwarka Pls poverLy was aL lLs helm 8uL he kepL on
reclLlng Lord krlshna's name all along Lhe way AfLer walklng for some dlsLance Sudama felL
LhlrsLy Pe drank waLer quenched hls LhlrsL and Lhanked Cod LhaL Pe aL leasL does glve waLer Lo drlnk
Sudama kepL on walklng Lhe whole day ln Lhe evenlng he kepL Lhe bundle of rlce under
hls head as a plllow and slepL
now lL was Lord krlshnas Lurn Lo show Pls graLlLude for Lhe devoLee When Sudama awoke ln
Lhe mornlng he found hlmself rlghL ln fronL of Lord krlshnas palace AL flrsL he could noL
belleve hls eyes buL Lhe people Lold hlm LhaL he was ln uwarka and sLandlng rlghL before Lhe
lords palace Sudama requesLed Lhe gaLekeeper Lo lnform Lord krlshna LhaL hls chlldhood frlend
Sudama had come Lord krlshna was slLLlng ln Lhe company of 8ukmanl when Lhe gaLekeeper
dellvered Lhe message As soon as Lord krlshna learned abouL Sudamas arrlval Pe sLood up and
ran helLerskelLer Lo welcome hls chlldhood frlend AL Lhe gaLe Pe cordlally embraced Sudama
and escorLed hlm lnLo hls prlvaLe chamber and made hlm slL on Lhe Lhrone
krlshna and queen 8ukmanl boLh washed Sudamas feeL one by one 8y Lhe mere Louch of hls
frlend krlshna was feellng over[oyed Pls eyes fllled wlLh Lears Pe and Sudama were holdlng
each oLhers hands 1helr hearLs were beaLlng wlLh Lhe memorles of Lhelr perlod as dlsclples aL Lhe
hermlLage of Sandlpanl lor long none of Lhem could uLLer a word AL lasL Sudama sald C
!agadguru krlshna l have Lhe forLune of belng your frlend WhaL remalns for me Lo do?
Lord krlshna sald 8roLher have you broughL for me someLhlng senL by my slsLerlnlaw? l love
Lo accepL even Lhe peLLlesL Lhlng presenLed wlLh affecLlon AL krlshna's words Sudama felL
ashamed and he dld noL reveal Lhe four handfuls of raw rlce LhaL he had broughL as glfL WlLh
shame Sudama began Lo look aL Lhe ground Lord krlshna knew everyLhlng LhaL hls dear frlend
Sudama had never remembered hlm wlLh a deslre for wealLh 1hls Llme Loo he has come aL Lhe
lnslsLence of hls wlfe Pence l wlll glve hlm Lhe wealLh LhaL ls rare even for Lhe gods LhoughL
Lord krlshna and snaLched Lhe bundle of raw rlce and opened lL wlLh greaL respecL Pe puL one
handful of lL ln hls mouLh When Lord proceeded Lo Lake nexL handful queen 8ukmanl held hls
hand and prayed C vlshvambhar (fosLerer of Lhe world) for Lhe prosperlLy of enLlre world Lhls
one handful ls sufflclenL
Sudama sLayed LhaL nlghL ln Lhe palace of Srl krlshna 1here he experlenced Lhe comforL of
valkunLh (abode of Cod) SLaylng Lhere for many days Sudama aL lasL Look leave of Srl krlshna
and seL ouL for hls home Lord krlshna dld noL glve Sudama anyLhlng apparenLly nor dld Sudama
asked for Pls favour Pe was Lravelllng overwhelmed by a dlvlne sense of devoLlon and felL LhaL
krlshna mlghL have noL glven hlm wealLh lesL he should forgeL Plm
1hus sunk ln myrlad klnds of LhoughLs Sudama reached hls home 8uL aL Lhe place where hls
dllapldaLed huL sLood once Lhere was now a dlvlne palace surrounded by verdanL gardens 1he
floors of Lhe palace were embedded wlLh preclous gems and sLones SLandlng aL Lhe gaLe Sudama
felL confused when hls wlfe Susheela came ouL wlLh scenLed waLer Lo welcome hlm 1ears were
rolllng on her cheeks WlLh love she greeLed Sudama and escorLed hlm lnslde Lhe palace Sudama
was sLlll reflecLlng over Lhe Cods grace and praylng May l have Lhe frlendshlp of lord ln every
blrLh may my affecLlon lncrease for Lord krlshna's feeL l donL wanL wealLh Slnce Lhen
Sudama en[oyed Lhe comforLs of Lhe palace as Lhe bounLy of Lord krlshna besLowed upon hlm by
none oLher Lhan Lhe Lord krlshna hlmself Pls devoLlon lncreased day by day
MLL1lnC Cl LC8u k8lSPnA Wl1P CClSShukdev says C arlkshlL Lord krlshna was passlng hls Llme
wlLh pleasure ln uwarka A LoLal
solar ecllpse happened Lo fall durlng LhaL perlod eople from all over lndla Lhronged ln
kuruksheLra Lo Lake a dlp ln sacred Canges on LhaL greaL occaslon All Lhe ?aduvanshls Loo
arrlved Lhere When vra[vasls (lnhablLanLs of vra[) learned abouL krlshna and 8alaramas arrlval
ln kuruksheLra Lhey Loo assembled Lhere
uurlng Lhe fesLlval Lord krlshna meL Pls fosLerfaLher nand and oLher cowherds who were hls
chlldhood frlends Lord krlshna meL Lhe Copls also who had been plnlng for hls slghL slnce long
1hey en[oyed Lhe meeLlng and kepL on chaLLlng for long Cverwhelmed by love and [oy vasudev
embraced nand Lord krlshna and 8alarama respecLfully greeLed moLher ?ashoda and faLher
nand 1hey Loo embraced krlshna and 8alarama cordlally
Copls were speclally overwhelmed by Lord krlshna's slghL 1hey had no oLher deslre buL Lo
have a slghL of Lord krlshna 1haL day Lhelr long cherlshed dream had come Lrue Copls lmbued
Lhe capLlvaLlng appearance of Lord krlshna and experlenced Lhe [oy of embraclng Plm krlshna
meL all Lhe Copls and embraced Lhem Pe lnqulred abouL Lhelr well belng and preached Lhem
wlLh splrlLual knowledge 8y Lhe vlrLue of LhaL knowledge feellng of llvlng dlsappeared among
Lhe Copls and Lhey merged wlLh Cod forever
C8CAnlSA1lCn Cl ?AC?A 8? vASuuLv
uevarshl narada vyasa and many oLher greaL sages arrlved ln kuruksheLra Lo have a slghL of
Lord krlshna Lord krlshna welcomed Lhem all 1hen vasudev greeLed Lhem and enqulred abouL
way for hls selfupllfLmenL Laughlngly narada sald vasudev a person already llvlng aL Lhe
bank of Lhe Canges dlscards her holy waLer and goes Lo oLher places of pllgrlmage for hls
purlflcaLlon
ln Lhe presence of krlshna and 8alarama Lhe sages sald ?ou regard Lhe lndescrlbable eLernal
Sachchldanand Srl krlshna as your son and seek Lhe way of your self upllfLmenL from us C
vasudev recognlse Plm 1ake Lo Pls refuge only Pe can save you vasudev goL Lhe meanlng
of sages words and began Lo develop feellngs of devoLlon for hls son Lvery human belng has
obllgaLlon for Lhe gods sages and hls ancesLors 1he sages goL a ?agya performed ln
kuruksheLra by vasudev Lo free hlm from Lhe obllgaLlon for gods
8LvlS1lnC Cl uLvAklS Slx SCnS
ln uwarka krlshna and 8alarama used Lo greeL Lhelr parenLs flrsL dally ln Lhe mornlng now
vasudev had recognlsed Pls ldenLlLy So afLer Lhelr reLurn from kuruksheLra when krlshna and
8alarama wenL as usual Lo greeL Lhelr parenLs vasudev greeLed Lhem flrsL Lord krlshna Lhen
preached hls faLher abouL Lhe meLaphyslcal knowledge WlLh LhaL knowledge vasudev began Lo
see krlshna everywhere
MoLher uevakl was also presenL Lhere Memory of her slx chlldren who were kllled by kansa
was sLlll afresh ln her mlnd She had heard LhaL krlshna had feLched Lhe dead son of Sandlpanl
from ?amloka So she prayed Lo Lhem ?ou boLh are venerable even Lo Lhe gods klndly granL me my
deslre Show me my slx sons who were kllled by kansa 8y Lhelr moLhers dlcLaLe and
helped by ?ogmaya boLh Lhe broLhers reached SuLal Loka
1he demon klng 8all welcomed Lhem Lhere and offered Lhem a seaL and washed Lhelr feeL klng
8all Lhen asked Cod whaL could he do for Plm Lord sald C demon klng ln Swayambhu
ManvanLara slx sons were born Lo urna Lhe wlfe of ra[apaLl Marlchl 1hey were all gods 1hey
had once seen 8rahma Lrylng Lo copulaLe wlLh hls own daughLer and hence derlded aL hlm
lndlgnanL 8rahma had Lhen cursed Lhem Lo Lake blrLh ln demon lncarnaLlon 1hey Lherefore were
born as Lhe sons of Plranyakashlpu
ln Lhe presenL era ?ogmaya had made Lhem born as uevakls sons who were kllled by kansa
1hey are all now ln your Loka MoLher uevakl ls mournlng for Lhem so we shall Lake Lhem wlLh
us 1hey wlll Lhus be freed from Lhe curse and go Lo Lhelr heavenly abode 1hus Lord krlshna
and 8alarama broughL Lhose slx bables Lo uwarka and handed Lhem Lo moLher uevakl Seelng her
bables agaln uevakls hearL fllled wlLh love for her sons Mllk began Lo flood her breasLs She
breasLfed Lhem urlnklng Lhe mllk all Lhe bables recelved salvaLlon 1hey Lhen deparLed Lo Lhelr
heavenly abode
LCvL Anu MA88lACL Cl Su8PAu8A Anu A8!unA
klng arlkshlL asked Curudev how dld my grandfaLher Ar[una and grandmoLher Subhadra goL
marrled? l wanL Lo hear Lhls Lale klndly narraLe lL Lo me
Shukdev sald arlkshlL once Lravelllng on a pllgrlmage Lour Ar[una reached ln rabhas reglon
1here he learned LhaL 8alarama was deslrous of marrylng hls slsLer Subhadra Lo uuryodhan 8uL
vasudev and krlshna were noL ln Lhe favour of Lhls marrlage So a sLrong urge Look hold ln hls
mlnd Lo geL Subhadra as hls wlfe AcLlng as per Lhe urge Ar[una reached uwarka ln Lhe gulse of
valshnav sage lL was ralny season Lhen so wlLh an excuse of ChaLurmasya vraLa (four monLhs
long fasL) Ar[una sLayed ln uwarka uurlng hls sLay 8alarama served and looked afLer hlm very
well 8uL nelLher 8alarama nor any oLher lnmaLes of Lhe palace could recognlse Ar[una
Cnce 8alarama lnvlLed Ar[una Lo hls home 1here he offered good dellclous food Lo Ar[una
Subhadra Loo served hlm well 1here Lhey fell ln love wlLh each oLher LaLer on boardlng a
charloL Subhadra wenL ouL of Lhe palace for a [oy rlde AL Lhe ouLsklrLs of Lhe Lown Ar[una was
awalLlng for her Pe had already Laken permlsslon of uevakl vasudev and krlshna Subhadra
Loo had sllenLly nodded her accepLance
So LhaL evenlng Ar[una and Subhadra eloped from uwarka 1he news of Subhadra eloplng wlLh
Ar[una flrsL ouLraged 8alarama 8uL Lord krlshna and oLher near and dear ones convlnced and
paclfled hlm
8LLLASL Cl SPlvA l8CM C8lSlSMalLreya asked Curudev Lhose among Lhe gods human belngs and
Lhe demons who worshlp
Lord Shlva geL wealLh very soon 8uL Lhose who worshlp Lord narayana remaln affllcLed wlLh
scarclLy WhaL ls Lhe reason for LhaL?
ln reply Lord krlshna had sald C ?udhlsLhlra l Lake away all Lhe wealLh from Lhose whom l
besLow my grace When Lhey are poor Lhelr relaLlves deserL Lhem l even render Lhelr efforLs
useless when Lhey Lry Lo earn money 1hus belng unsuccessful repeaLedly Lhe people develop an
aLLlLude of lndlfference for wealLh 1hen Lhey begln Lo Lake shelLer as my devoLee and mlngle
wlLh me Cnly Lhen l besLow my full grace on Lhem and Lhey recelve me as Sachchldanand
arabrahma 1hus pleaslng me Lhrough my worshlp ls exLremely dlfflculL Pence ordlnary
people glve me up and worshlp oLher delLles whlch are ln facL dlfferenL forms of me Lord Shlva
ls AshuLosh and besLows hls devoLees qulckly wlLh grace Pe glves wealLh and oLher rlches Lo hls
devoLees 8uL once Lhey geL wealLh Lhe devoLees become despoLlc and even forgeL Lhe Cod who
had blessed Lhem
Cnce upon a Llme Lhere was a demon vrlkasur Pe had pleased Lord Shlva and soughL a boon
LhaL Lhe person upon whose head Lhe demon puL hls hand should be lnclneraLed aL once Lord
Shlva granLed Lhe boon wlLhouL conslderlng Lhe consequences 8uL as soon as Lhe demon goL Lhls
supernaLural power he ran Lo lnclneraLe Lord Shlva flrsL 1he demon was eyelng Caurl arvaLl
so he was deLermlned Lo ellmlnaLe Lord Shlva now afrald of hls own boon Lord Shlva ran for
hls llfe wlLh Lhe demon followlng hlm ln hoL pursulL AL lasL Shlva reached ln valkunLh and Lold
Lord vlshnu abouL hls crlsls Lord aL once lllumlned Lhe demon and made hlm puL hls hand on
hls own head 8y Lhe vlrLue of Lhe boon Lhe demon was lnclneraLed ln no Llme and Lhus Lord
Shlva could be saved
1LS1lnC Cl 18lnl1?
Cnce upon a Llme all Lhe sages assembled on Lhe bank of SaraswaLl 8lver A dlspuLe erupLed
among Lhem as Lo who among Lhe LrlnlLy was Lhe greaLesL 8y consensus Lhey appolnLed sage
8hrlgu Lo LesL Lhe LrlnlLy of 8rahma vlshnu and Mahesh 8hrlgu reached Lo 8rahma buL dld noL
greeL hlm 8rahma goL lnfurlaLed buL slnce Lhe sage 8hrlgu was hls son Pe dld noL curse hlm
1hen 8hrlgu vlslLed Shlva Lord Shlva proceeded Lo embrace Lhe sage 8uL lnsLead of accepLlng
Shlvas welcome Lhe sage began Lo abuse Plm saylng ?ou vlolaLe Lhe dlgnlLy of vedas so l
wlll noL meeL wlLh you Angry Shlva ralsed hls LrldenL Lo klll hlm buL 8hagvaLl sLopped Plm AL
lasL 8hrlgu reached valkunLh Lo see Lord vlshnu
Lord vlshnu was lylng wlLh head ln Lhe lap of Lakshml 8hrlgu klcked hard aL Pls chesL 8uL
lnsLead of geLLlng angry Lord vlshnu goL up bowed hls head before Lhe sage and begged pardon
C Sage pardon me l could noL welcome you aL once aL your arrlval ?our feeL are sofL l hope
Lhey are noL hurL All my slns have been washed by Lhe Louch of your feeL 8hrlgu felL very
pleased by Lhe serlous Lalks of Lord vlshnu Pls hearL felL overwhelmed wlLh excess of devoLlon
Pe reLurned Lo Lhe assembly of Lhe sages and narraLed hls experlence Slnce Lhen Lord vlshnu ls
regarded as Lhe Supreme and glver of peace and fearlessness
8LvlvAL Cl 88APMnS uLAu CPlLu8Ln1here ln uwarka llved a 8rahmln When Lhe flrsL son was born
Lo hls wlfe lL dled lmmedlaLely
afLer blrLh 1he 8rahmln Look hls dead son Lo Lhe royal courL and complalned My Son has dled
because of anLl8rahmln and llcenLlous acLlons of Lhe klng Cne by one Lhus elghL sons were
born Lo Lhe 8rahmln couple buL Lhey all dled lmmedlaLely afLer blrLh And Lhe 8rahmln kepL on
dumplng hls dead sons aL Lhe gaLe of Lhe royal palace
When hls nlnLh son was born and dled Ar[una was also Lhere ln uwarka Pe made a promlse Lo
Lhe 8rahmlns l shall guard your son or commlL selflmmolaLlon AL Lhe Llme of nexL dellvery Lhe
aglLaLed 8rahmln came Lo Ar[una 1ralnlng hls bow and arrows Ar[una made all arrangemenLs Lo
proLecL 8rahmlns LenLh son SancLlfled by many manLras Ar[unas arrows consLrucLed a fence
around Lhe labour room A chlld Look blrLh buL lL Loo dled afLer some Llme 8rahmln Lhen cursed
Ar[una
Ar[una scouLed Lhrough all Lhe Lhree worlds and even Lhe neLherworlds ln search of Lhe 8rahmlns
dead son buL he could noL flnd hlm anywhere ulLlmaLely accepLlng hls fallure and as per hls
promlse Ar[una proceeded Lo lmmolaLe hlmself
Meanwhlle Lord krlshna Loo learned abouL Ar[unas vow and sLopped hlm from selflmmolaLlon
1hereafLer rldlng a dlvlne charloL Lord krlshna seL ouL wlLh Ar[una Lowards wesL
8eyond Lhe llmlLs of cosmos 1hey reached Lhe abode of Lord vasudev ln 1rlpadvlbhuLl 1here
Ar[una saw LhaL Lord was presenL ln urushaoLLams appearance Srl krlshna and Ar[una greeLed
Plm
Lord urushaoLLam sald ln a serlous volce C krlshna and Ar[una only Lo have a slghL of boLh
of you l broughL Lhe 8rahmlns sons Lo me 8oLh of you had Laken lncarnaLlon on earLh from my
parL Lo proLecL Lhe rellglon All Lhe demons have been slaln by now now you Loo reLurn Lo me
Srl krlshna and Ar[una agaln greeLed Lord urushaoLLam and reLurned on earLh wlLh all Lhe sons
of Lhe 8rahmln Ar[una was greaLly surprlsed Lo see Lhe supreme abode of Lord urushaoLLam
Pe felL LhaL whaLever sLrengLh a llvlng belng had lL been all by Srl krlshnas grace Llke
common ordlnary people Lhe Lord krlshna sLayed on earLh en[oylng mundane comforLs
performed ?agyas llke klngs behaved llke ldeallsLlc people deLerred Pls sub[ecLs and slayed
evll klngs Lo reesLabllsh rellglon on earLh
CPA1L8 Slx 1PL SACLS Cu8SL ?AuuvAnSPlS
arashar sald As Lhe Llme passed ?aduvanshls grew sLronger and more lnfluenLlal now no
longer dld Lhey llke Lhe welcomlng and LreaLlng of Lhe greaL sages by Lord krlshna Lord krlshna
knew abouL Lhelr dlsllklng buL secreLly Pe was pleased by Lhls change ln ?aduvanshls
behavlour for Pe knew LhaL by dlsregardlng Lhe salnLs and Lhe scrlpLures Lhey would meeL Lhelr
end sooner
Cnce Lhe ?aduvanshls cloLhed !ambvaLls son Samb ln a womans aLLlre and showlng hlm Lo Lhe
sages asked mocklngly Mahara[a Lhls ls our slsLerlnlaw She ls an expecLlng moLher She
feels shy Lo ask buL Lell us whaL wlll be born Lo her?1hrough Lhelr unfalllng vlslon Lhe Sages knew Lhe
reallLy and sald lools a pesLle shall be born
Lo her and LhaL pesLle shall exLermlnaLe Lhe enLlre ?aduvansha now all Lhe ?aduvanshls were
perplexed by sages predlcLlon and approached Lhelr klng ugrasen 8uL even Lhe klng was
helpless now because he could noL change Lhe words Lhe plous sages ln due course a pesLle was
born Lo Samb lrlghLened of an lmmlnenL faLe ?aduvanshls crushed Lhe pesLle lnLo a flne powder
and Lhrew lL lnLo Lhe sea Cnly a nall remalned LhaL also was Lhrown lnLo Lhe sea where a flsh
swallowed lL A flsher caughL Lhe flsh and cuL lL open and found Lhe nall Pe gave lL Lo a hunLer
1he hunLer flxed Lhe nall ln Lhe head of hls arrow Cn Lhe oLher hand Lhe sea waves washed Lhe
powder of Lhe pesLle ashore where lL germlnaLed and grew as luxurlanL grasses LaLer on once all
Lhe ?aduvanshls assembled aL Lhe seashore for a plcnlc where Lhey drank wlne and began Lo flghL
wlLh one anoLher under lnLoxlcaLlon Soon Lhelr quarrel grew so hlgh LhaL Lhey pulled ouL Lhe
grasses whlch were growlng Lhere Lo use as Lhe arms WlLh Lhe grasses Lhe ?aduvanshls beaL
one anoLher Lo deaLh
nA8AuA 8LACPLS vASuuLv A8Cu1 8PACAvA1
Cnce narada arrlved ln uwarka vasudev prayed hlm and requesLed Lo provlde hlm wlLh plous
company of 8hagvaL uharma narada sald C klng once upon a Llme nlne greaL sages arrlved
ln Lhe courL of Lhe klng !anaka klng !anaka had puL Lhe same curloslLy before Lhem also l wlll
narraLe Lhe conversaLlon LhaL followed Lhere beLween Lhe sages and Lhe klng
llrsL of all Lhe flrsL ?oglshwar kavl sald C klng !anaka dedlcaLlon ls Lhe flrsL duLy (uharma)
of a valshnav Pe should devoLe everyLhlng hls acLlons frulLs of acLlons and even hlmself aL
Lhe feeL of Lord Pe oughL Lo hear abouL Lords vlrLues Such a devoLee shall be lndlfferenL Lo Lhe
worldly affalrs and shall laugh dance or slng occaslonally and sancLlfled all Lhe Lhree worlds
1he klng Lhen asked abouL Lhe characLerlsLlcs of Lhe Lords devoLees AnoLher ?ogeshwara Parl
sald A Lrue devoLee of Lhe Lord remalns unaffecLed by feellngs llke hunger LhlrsL llfe deaLh
labour paln fear and deslre Such a devoLee ls Lhe excellenL klnd of 8hagvaL Lven Lhe wealLh of
all Lhe Lhree worlds cannoL shake Lhe falLh of such a devoLee because Lord Srl Parl hlmself sLays
ln hls hearL
WhaL ls llluslon? A ?ogeshwara AnLarlksh replled klng an llluslon ls also Cods play
Pavlng a possesslve feellng abouL mundane ls llluslon 1hlnklng ln Lerms of l Me Mlne
My ?ou ?our ls also llluslon lf one can have such an affecLlon for Cod as he has for
worldly Lhlngs one can easlly surmounL Lhe llluslon
klng !anaka Lhen asked abouL Lhe meLhod of worshlpplng Lord A ?ogeshwara karbha[an sald
C klng Lhe Lord had a falr complexlon ln SaLya ?uga eople used Lo recelve Plm Lhrough
meLhods llke medlLaLlon reconclllaLlon eLc ln 1reLa ?uga Lhe Lord had reddlsh complexlon and
?agyas were Lhe maln means Lo achleve Plm ln uwapar ?uga Lhe Lord had yellowlsh
complexlon and Pe could be pleased Lhrough worshlps ln Lhe presenL kall ?uga Lord has dark
complexlon and one can recelve Plm Lhrough means llke reclLaLlon narraLlon and hearlng of Pls
name and plays
1hus narada preached vasudev abouL 8hagvaL uharma now Lhe hearL and mlnd of vasudev
were Lhoroughly clean and purek8lSPnA uLA81S 1C PlS A8CuL Anu
uLS18uC1lCn Cl ?AuuS
1o remlnd Lord krlshna abouL Lhe momenL of Pls deparLure 8rahma arrlved ln uwarka
accompanled by all Lhe gods Pe prayed Lo Plm C Lord you have compleLed your duLy of whaL
we had once requesLed you now ?ou please reLurn Lo your abode Lord sald Cn Lhe sevenLh
day from now uwarka shall submerge ln Lhe sea and ?adavas shall flghL among Lhemselves Lo
deaLh l Loo shall deparL Lhen 1he arrow of a hunLer shall be Lhe cause of my deparLure
When uddhava learned LhaL Lord krlshna was abouL Lo wlnd up Pls plays he approached Plm
and sald l undersLand C Lord LhaL Lhls all ls happenlng by your wlsh 8uL l cannoL parL for a
momenL from your feeL Pence Lake me also wlLh you Lo your abode Lord krlshna sald
uddhava l wlll noL go anywhere My enLlre brllllance wlll be presenL ln Srlmad 8hagvaL ?ou
sLay here preachlng 8hagvaL uharma Saylng Lhus lord preached uddhava abouL Lhe ClLa !nana
Lhrough Lhe Lale of AvadhooL
Lord krlshna narraLed Lhus uddhava Cnce our ancesLor ?adu happened Lo see Lord
uaLLaLreya ln a foresL Lord was lndulged ln Lhe supreme [oy ln Lhe gulse of AvadhooL ?adu
asked hlm abouL Lhe reasons for hls whlmslcal sLaLe AvadhooL had sald C klng maklng Lhe
varlous anlmals blrds lnsecLs eLc as my Leacher l have learned abouL splrlLuallLy from Lhem
1haL ls why l am free from mournlng and aLLachmenL LarLh alr sky waLer flre Lhe moon Lhe
sun plgeon pyLhon sea grasshopper bumblebee honey bee elephanL exLracLor of honey deer
flsh prosLlLuLe osprey boy glrls arrowmaker snake splder and wasp are all my Leachers l
Look refuge aL Lhese LwenLyfour Leachers and learned from Lhelr behavlour
l learned forglveness from earLh purlLy from Lhe sky hollness and cleanllness from Lhe waLer
lnnocence and renunclaLlon from Lhe flre lndlfferenLness from Lhe alr Lo remaln unaffecLed by
clrcumsLances from moon abdlcaLlon from Lhe Sun lncoherence from Lhe plgeon dependence
upon faLe and remaln efforLless from Lhe pyLhon Lo remaln always happy and serlous from Lhe
sea Lo be under Lhe conLrol of sense organs and hence meeL LoLal desLrucLlon from Lhe
grasshopper acqulrlng of vlrLues from bumblebee faulL ln cumulaLlng from honey bee Lo absLaln
sensuous Lalks from Lhe deer Lo ellmlnaLe greed from Lhe flsh sorrow ln hope and happlness ln
desperaLlon from Lhe prosLlLuLe Lo feel happy ln uncerLalnLy from osprey dlspuLe among many
from Lhe glrls concenLraLlon from Lhe arrowmaker Lo roam alone and deLachmenL from a
parLlcular place from Lhe snake vlrLues of Lhe creaLor Lord from Lhe splder and l learned
slmllarlLy from Lhe wasp
ln Lhe gulse of AvadhooL Lord uaLLaLreya says C klng l learned wlsdom and apaLhy from my
body also because llfe deaLh llfe and deaLh agaln are lnseparably lnLerLwlned wlLh lL Pence Lhe
neL resulL of lovlng Lhls body ls noLhlng buL sorrow 1hus our own body also helps us Lo learn
abouL meLaphyslcal knowledge
Lord krlshna also explalned uddhava regardlng fuLlllLy of physlcal and heavenly luxurles 1hls
human body ls llke a Lree on whlch Lwo blrds !lvaLma and aramaLma (mlcrocosm and
supreme soul) have Laken shelLer 1wo frulLs happlness and sorrow appear on lL !lvaLma
(mlcrocosm) eaLs Lhese frulLs whlle aramaLma (supreme soul) sLays as an lndlfferenL onlooker
1here are Lhree klnds of !lva 8addha (8ound) 8hakLa (devoLee) and MukLa (llberaLed) 8addh
!lvas (bound souls) are Lhose who lndulge ln sensual pleasures and Lhose who dlsllke plous
company MukL !lva (llberaLed souls) are Lhose who are free from aLLachmenL and blndlngs
8hakLas (devoLees) are Lhose who medlLaLe on me and dedlcaLe Lhelr everyLhlng ln my feeL and
have love for my vlrLues My devoLee ls klnd free from flaws LoleranL has feellng of fraLernlLy
for all and conLrols hls deslres
8PlkSPu CLL1
Lord krlshna sald uddhava ln Lhe world Lhere ls lndeed a dearLh of such LoleranL people who
can LoleraLe blLLer remarks of evll ones ln Lhls conLexL Lhere ls a Lale of a greedy 8rahmln who
llved ln u[[aln 1haL 8rahmln had been badly LormenLed by Lhe evll people afLer he had losL hls
wealLh 8uL sLlll Lhe 8rahmln dld noL lose hls paLlence and regardlng hls presenL sLaLe as a resulL
of hls prevlous blrLhs deeds he expressed hls feellngs Lhus
1hese people are noL Lhe cause of my mlserles nelLher Lhe gods nor body even planeLs and Llme
can be blamed for my mlserles ScrlpLures and learned ones held Lhe mlnd lLself gullLy of ones
mlserles lL ls Lhe mlnd LhaL runs Lhe cycle of Lhe world and makes every klnd of efforLs
ln Lhe absence of mlnd even Lhe soul ls rendered moLlonless When one accepLs Lhe dlcLaLes of
Lhe mlnd and lndulges ln sensual pleasures soul Loo comes Lo be bound wlLh Lhem 1he ulLlmaLe
ouLcome of all Lhe splrlLual efforLs llke cellbacy sLudy of vedas eLc and abldance Lo plous
acLlons ls Lhe concenLraLlon of mlnd ConcenLraLlon of mlnd and ls absLalnLaLlon from sensual
pleasures are Lhe prlmary condlLlons for aLLalnmenL of aramayoga (supreme medlLaLlon) 1hus
Lord krlshna preached uddhava abouL !nana ClLa uddhava Loo Look 8hagvaL (whlch ls a form
of Lhe Lord) wlLh honor and deparLed for 8adrlkashrama
A81 Slx
uLSC8l1lCn Cl u?nAS1lLS ln kALl ?uCA
arashar descrlbes abouL Lhe dynasLles LhaL would occur ln kall ?uga 8lpun[ay or urana[ay
would be Lhe lasL klng of 8rlhdraLh dynasLy 1he klngs of nand dynasLy would succeed Lhls
dynasLy 1hen a dlplomaL 8rahmln named Chanakya would exLermlnaLe Lhls dynasLy and
enLhrone ChandragupLa Maurya ln Maurya dynasLy a greaL klng would occur by Lhe name of
Ashokvardhan AfLer hlm ?avans would rule Lhen for slx hundred and forLy years 1helr rule
would be succeeded by Lhe governance of Lhe falrcomplexloned forelgners who would rule for
one hundred and slxLy years 1hereafLer Lhere would be no klng and no sub[ecLs because people
from all Lhe classes would come forward Lo rule
1he ruler would be selecLed by Lhe ma[orlLy voLes 1here would be no any Lhlng llke hollness
Cows would grow Lhln llke nannles eople would noL marry as per Lhelr casLes Creed
selflshness and sex would be Lhe base of marrlage llfe ln adverse condlLlons spouses would deserL each
oLher 1here would be noLhlng llke duLy responslblllLy and conducL Palr would be
Lhe maln lLem of adornmenL for Lhe women
eople would noL have Lhe knowledge of rellglous scrlpLures ln kall ?uga 1alkaLlveness would
be ldenLlfled wlLh knowledge Cnly Lhose would be regarded as clever who could plck oLhers
pockeLs Chlldren would noL regard or pay due respecL Lo Lhelr parenLs Chlldren would malnLaln
relaLlons wlLh parenLs Llll Lhelr marrlage only noL afLer LhaL 8oys would noL Louch Lhe feeL of
Lhelr own parenLs buL would pay full respecL Lo Lhelr faLher and moLherlnlaw 8roLherlnlaw
would be dearer Lo Lhem Lhan Lhelr own broLher arashar says kall ?uga ls Lhe mlne of faulLs
buL lL has only one greaL vlrLue LhaL Lhe people wlll acqulre dlvlne poslLlon only by reclLlng
Lords name 8eclLaLlon of Lords name regardless of lnLenLlon and moLlvaLlon wheLher lL ls
love derlslon lazlness or mallceness would desLroy ones slns
8uL Lhe slnlsLer people would do even Lhe mosL dlfflculL Lasks ln kall ?uga buL Lhey would noL
reclLe Lords name 1hey would noL have an lnLeresL ln Lhe Lord 1helr lnLeresLs would be more ln
sensuous Lhlngs llke sound Louch beauLy scenL eLc
1he aramagaLl (supreme salvaLlon) LhaL people could recelve by Len Lhousand years of
medlLaLlon ln SaLya ?uga by performlng ?agya for hundred years ln 1reLa ?uga and by
worshlpplng Lords ldol for Len years ln uwapar LhaL supreme salvaLlon ls easlly avallable for
people ln kall ?uga slmply by reclLlng Lords name for one day and one nlghL conLlnuously 8uL
sLlll ln kall ?uga people would noL have falLh ln Lords name lL ls Lhelr mlsforLune
Pome
4 SPlvA MAPAu8AnA
SPlvA MAPAu8AnA ln18CuuC1lCn
llrsL of all Sage Shaunak expressed hls deslre Lo SuLa abouL knowlng Lhe means whlch could
help a man ln Lhls era of kall Lo aLLalnmenL lord Shlva by cleanslng all Lhe lmpurlLles of hls mlnd
and recLlfylng hls lnherenL demonlc Lendencles SuLa Lhen descrlbed abouL Shlva Mahapurana
Lhe supreme of all Lhe uranas whlch was narraLed by Lord Shlva hlmself and whlch was laLer
on reLold by Sage vyasa wlLh Lhe permlsslon of Maharshl SanaLkumar for Lhe benedlcLlon of
common man SuLa sald 8y undersLandlng Lhe mysLerles of Shlvmahaurana and slnglng lLs
pralses a man aLLalns greaLer vlrLues Lhan LhaL whlch could be aLLalned by belng charlLable or by
Lhe performance of all Lhe `yagyas ConLemplaLlng on Lhe sub[ecL maLLers of Shlva Mahapurana
glve ausplclous frulLs [usL llke a kalpaLaru (A myLhologlcal Lree whlch fulfllls all Lhe wlshes)
Shlv Mahapurana conLalns LwenLyfour Lhousand shlokas and seven SamhlLas whlch are
vldyeshwar 8udra ShaLrudra koLl 8udra uma kallash and vayvlya Shlva Mahapurana ls
Lhe besL means for mans llberaLlon
8CL8 ML1PCu Cl LlS1LnlnC 1C SPlvA u8AnASage Shaunak requesLed SuLa Lo Lell abouL Lhe
proper meLhod of llsLenlng Lo Shlva urana so LhaL
Lhe manklnd geLs compleLe beneflL SuLa replled
llrsL of all an ausplclous momenL should be deLermlned by an AsLrologer AfLer LhaL frlends
and relaLlves should be lnvlLed especlally Lhose who have Lhe Lendency of belng away from such
occaslons 1he sages and Lhe vlrLuous people should be lnvlLed Loo 1he kaLha musL be help ln
scared places llke Shlva Lemple any place of pllgrlmage or ln ones home afLer dolng a 8huml
u[an of Lhe land where one lnLends Lo held Lhe kaLha of Shlva urana 1he canopy should be
well decoraLed AfLer maklng a resoluLlon and dolng worshlp of CanapaLl Lhe desLroyer of all
hurdles and obsLacles Lhe kaLha should be commenced 1he person who ls Lelllng Lhe kaLha
should be faclng norLh and all Lhe llsLeners should slL faclng easL 1he person who ls Lelllng Lhe
kaLha should be a scholar and should be capable of clearlng all Lhe doubLs from Lhe llsLeners
mlnd 1here should be no klnd of dlsLracLlon durlng Lhe kaLha perlod A devoLee who llsLens Lo
Lhe kaLha leavlng behlnd all of hls worldlys worrles geL compleLe beneflLs A devoLee should also
make donaLlons and offerlngs accordlng Lo hls capaclLy and capablllLy oLherwlse he would
become a wreLched man 1he ManLra CM nAMAP SPlvA? should be chanLed Lhrough ouL Lhe
perlod of kaLha
An unlnlLlaLed person does noL have Lhe rlghL Lo llsLen Lo Lhe kaLha of Shlva Mahapurana So a
man deslrous of llsLenlng Lo Shlva Mahapurana should flrsL geL lnlLlaLed
A devoLee who has Laken Lhe vow of llsLenlng Lo Lhe kaLha of Shlva Mahapurana should follow a
cellbaLe llfe Pe should sleep on Lhe floor and should have only frulLs ln Lhe dleL Pe can have hls
normal dlnner only afLer Lhe compleLlon of Lhe kaLha 1he dleL should be fresh and pure Pe
should also Lry Lo avold slnful Lendencles llke lusL anger greed aLLachmenL and condemnlng
oLher eLc Maklng donaLlons of even meager Lhlngs glve undlmlnlshlng vlrLues
AfLer Lhe meLhodlcal compleLlon of Lhe kaLha a devoLee should perform uuu?AAn
(Concluslon of Lhe kaLha) whlch ls slmllar Lo Lhe CPA1u8uASPl uuu?AAn 1he devoLee
should also charlLably make donaLlons Lo all Lhe brahmlns who have helped ln Lhe performance of
kaLha Cn Lhe nexL day Lhe aLh of SPlvA Cl1A should be performed lf Lhe devoLee (llsLener
of Lhe kaLha) ls a householders Lhen he should perform Pavan wlLh Lhe ghee prepared from
Cows mllk for Lhe paclflcaLlon of Lhe unhlndered compleLlon of Lhe kaLha 1he Pavan should be
performed elLher wlLh Lhe help of 8udra SamhlLa manLras or CayaLrl ManLra or wlLh Lhe
shlokas of urana
A81 CnL vlu?LSPWA8 SAMPl1A
SACLS LnCul8L
vlddyeshwar SamhlLa whlch ls classlfled lnLo LwenLy flve chapLers has a narraLlon ln lLs flrsL
chapLer whlch goes as followsCnce upon a Llme Lhe sages were performlng a yagya aL rayag ksheLra
Sage SuLa came Lo know
abouL Lhls and arrlved Lhere All Lhe sages were very pleased Lo see hlm 1hey requesLedLord! 1hough
we have heard many Lales from you regardlng Lhe mans benedlcLlon buL Loday
we wanL Lo llsLen Lo someLhlng speclal 8ecause ln Lhls presenL era of kall when all Lhe casLes
have forgoLLen abouL Lhelr respecLlve duLles we wanL Lo know ls Lhere any way Lo prevenL Lhe
deLerloraLlon ln Lhe human values?
SuLa replled
C CreaL men! ?our enqulry has greaL relevance ln Lhls era of kall l wlll cerLalnly Lell you abouL
Lhe way by Lhe help of whlch a man can achleve benedlcLlon Shlva Mahapurana conLalns Lhe
essence of vedanLlc phllosophy whlch glves worldly pleasures as well as SalvaLlon Mere
remembrance of lL desLroys all Lhe slns of a man Cne who sLudles Lhe 8udraSamhlLa aLLenLlvely
hls gravesL of slns are desLroyed lnsLanLaneously Cne who sLudles 8udraSamhlLa sllenLly
slLLlng ln fronL of 8halravldol all of hls asplraLlons are fulfllled A man geLs llberaLed from Lhe
sln of kllllng a brahmln lf he sLudles 8udra SamhlLa whlle clrculbulaLlng around a 8anyan Lree
kallash SamhlLa ls even superlor Lhan 8udra SamhlLa as lL elaboraLes upon Lhe meanlng of
Cmkar Shlva Mahapurana ls creaLed by lord Shlva Plmself lL conLalns Lwelve SamhlLas whlch
are vlddyeshwar 8udra vlnayak uma MaLrl Lkadashrudra kallash ShaLrudra koLlrudra
SahasLra koLl vayavlya and uharma
lnlLlally lL conLalned one lac shlokas buL lL was preclsed Lo LwenLyfour Lhousand shlokas by sage
vyasa 1he presenL Shlva urana ls Lhe fourLh one whlch conslsLs of seven SamhlLas 1he earller
Lhree Shlva uranas are unavallable 1he sclenLlflc analysls of Lhe vedanLlc mysLerles are Lhe
maln sub[ecL of Lhls dlvlne Shlva urana 1he sLudy of Shlva urana helps a man Lo aLLaln
uharma ArLha kam and Moksha
SuLa conLlnued wlLh hls narraLlon
uurlng Lhe lnlLlal perlod of SveL varaha kalpa Slx promlnenL sages collecLed near 1rlvenl and
sLarLed debaLlng as Lo who was Lhe greaLesL delLy among 8rahma vlshnu and Mahesh 1helr
debaLe remalned lnconcluslve so Lhey wenL Lo lord 8rahma Lo seek Lhe answer
Lord 8rahma Lold Lhem
C revered Sages! 1he source of vlshnu 8udra all Lhe delLles lncludlng myself and all Lhe oLher
creaLlons ls none oLher Mahadeo unlon wlLh Lhe Shlva should be Lhe ob[ecLlve of a man Lo aLLaln
LhaL ob[ecLlve LlsLenlng Lo Lhe quallLles of Lord Shlva slnglng devoLlonal songs ln hls pralse and
conLemplaLlng on hlm are Lhe greaLesL means whlch help Lo unlLe wlLh Shlva
urlflcaLlon of Lhe mlnd by Lhe help of dolng worshlp and chanLlng Lhe name of Cod ls called
conLemplaLlon Slnglng devoLlonal songs ln Lhe form of sLoLra or hymns of Lhe vedas or even ln
ones own language ls called klrLan
1he above menLloned Lhree acLlvlLles are Lhe supreme means Lo aLLaln llberaLlon C8LA1nLSS Cl
SPlvALlnCAlLLA8 Cl ll8L
CMkA8
Accordlng Lo SuLa lf a person ls lncapable of followlng Lhe above menLloned Lhree acLlvlLles le
Shravana klrLan and Manan Lhen he should worshlp Lhe Shlvallnga Lven by dolng Lhls he can
aLLaln llberaLlon from all Lhe bondages of Lhe world
uescrlblng abouL Lhe ma[esLy of Shlvallnga SuLa says Lord Shlva ls Lhe manlfesLaLlon of
AlmlghLy Cod (8rahma) hlmself and for Lhls very reason he ls known as nlshkal 8ecause of hls
dlvlne beauLy Shlva ls called Saguna (Cod wlLh form) 1he Lerm Saguna ls also expressed ln
anoLher way LhaL ls Sakal Shlvallnga ls worshlpped slnce lL symbollzes Lhe form of Shlva Lord
Shlva ls also consldered Lo be nlrguna (wlLhouL any quallLles)
ln Lhe flrsL kalpa of SweL varaha a baLLle was foughL beLween Lord 8rahma and Lord vlshnu
Lo prove Lhelr superlorlLy Lord Shlva manlfesLed before arrogance AfLer LhaL he also showed
Lhem hls form ln Lhe shape of Shlvallnga lrom LhaL day onwards Lhe Shlvallnga became
famous
nandlkeshwar[l narraLes Lhe Lale of baLLle beLween Lord 8rahma and Lord vlshnu
Cnce whlle Lravelllng lord 8rahma reached Lhe abode of Lord vlshnu Pe saw Lord vlshnu Pe
saw lord vlshnu resLlng on Sheshnag and belng aLLended by Caruda and oLher aLLendanLs When
8rahma saw LhaL vlshnu dld noL geL up Lo recelve hlm he became very angry very soon verbal
dual erupLed beLween Lhem lL became so severe LhaL a baLLle was foughL beLween Lhem whlch
conLlnued for very long Llme All Lhe delLles arrlved from Lhe heaven Lo waLch Lhe baLLle 1hey
became very worrled when Lhey saw no slgn of baLLle comlng Lo an end 1hey declded Lo go Lo
lord Shlva Lo seek hls help
1hough Lord Shlva knew everyLhlng buL sLlll felgnlng lgnorance he asked abouL Lhe well
belngs of Lhe world 1he delLles Lold hlm abouL Lhe baLLle foughL beLween 8rahma and vlshnu
Lord Shlva Lhen senL hls one hundred Canas Lo paclfy boLh of Lhem Pe Loo wenL Lhere
accompanled by moLher arvaLl boarded on a charloL When Lord Shlva reached Lhere he saw
LhaL 8rahma and vlshnu were abouL Lo use Lhelr deadly weapons Maheshwar and ashupaL
respecLlvely learlng Lhe desLrucLlon whlch Lhese deadly weapons mlghL have caused Lord
Shlva manlfesLed hlmself ln Lhe form of AnalsLamba (plllar of flre) beLween Lhem 8rahma and
vlshnu had already released Lhelr weapons Maheshwar and ashupaL 8oLh Lhe weapons fell lnLo
LhaL plllar of flre and goL desLroyed
8rahma and vlshnu were very surprlsed Lo see Lhe plllar of flre whlch was so enormous ln slze
LhaL lL reached Lhe sky and peneLraLed down Lhe earLh vlshnu Lransformed hlmself lnLo a boar
and wenL Lo Lhe aLal (neLher world) Lo flnd Lhe base of LhaL lllar of flre 8uL he was
unsuccessful ln hls aLLempL and came back Slmllarly 8rahma Lransformed hlmself lnLo a swan and flew
up ln Lhe sky Lo flnd lLs llmlL Whlle
golng Lhrough Lhe aerlal rouLe he meL a wlLhered keLakl flowers whlch had sLlll some freshness
and fragrance lefL ln lL
Lord Shlva smlled aL Lhe fuLlle aLLempLs of Lord 8rahma and Lord vlshnu As a resulL of hls
smlle Lhe keLakl flower fell down from Lhe branch keLakl flower Lold 8rahma LhaL he had been
presenL Lhere slnce Lhe beglnnlng of Lhe creaLlon buL was unable Lo know abouL Lhe orlgln of LhaL
lllar of flne 1he flower also advlsed 8rahma agalnsL maklng any efforL ln LhaL dlrecLlon as lL
would be of no use
8rahma Lhen soughL Lhe help of keLakl flower Lo glve a false wlLness before lord vlshnu LhaL he
(8rahma) had been successful ln seelng Lhe llmlL of LhaL plllar of flre keLakl flower agreed 8oLh
of Lhem wenL Lo vlshnu and 8rahma Lold hlm LhaL he had seen Lhe llmlL of LhaL lllar of flre
keLakl flower gave a wlLness vlshnu accepLed Lhe superlorlLy of 8rahma
Lord Shlva became very angry wlLh 8rahma Pe proceeded Lo punlsh 8rahma for hls falsehood
Lord vlshnu requesLed Lord Shlva Lo spare Lhe llfe of 8rahma Lord Shlva became pleased wlLh
vlshnu and accorded hlm Lhe same sLaLus as LhaL of hls own
nandlkeshwar conLlnulng wlLh Lhe Lale sald
AfLer accordlng same sLaLus Lo vlshnu as LhaL of hls own Lord Shlva opened hls Lhlrd eye from
lL manlfesLed 8halrav Pe ordered 8halrav Lo klll 8rahma 8halrav severed Lhe flfLh head of
Lord 8rahma wlLh hls sword 8rahma became very Lerrlfled Pe was Lrembllng ln fear Lord
vlshnu felL plLy on hls condlLlon and requesLed Lord Shlva Lo forglve hlm
Lord Shlva Lhen sLopped 8halrav buL Lold 8rahma
?ou spoke unLruLh wlLh a deslre Lo become worshlppable lL ls my curse LhaL you wlll noL be
worshlpped by anybody ?ou wlll posses only four heads
8rahma begged hls forglveness Lord Shlva feellng plLy on 8rahma gave hlm a boon of belng Lhe
presldlng delLy of all Lhe yagya Slmllarly Lhe keLakl flower also prohlblLed from belng used
durlng worshlp 8uL when keLakl flower Lendered hls apology Shlva gave blesslng LhaL lL would
be forLunaLe Lo be offered Lo lord vlshnu durlng Lhe worshlp
Lord vlshnu and 8rahma made saluLaLlons Lo lord Shlva and offered hlm a seaL 1hey Lhen
worshlpped hlm 1hls was Lhe flrsL Llme 8rahma and vlshnu had worshlpped lord Shlva Shlva
was very pleased ShlvaraLrl has been conLlnued Lo be celebraLed slnce LhaL day 1hls parLlcular
day ls consldered Lo be Lhe mosL ausplclous day for Lhe worshlp of Lord Shlva
A devoLee who fasLs on ShlvaraLrl remalnlng only on frulLs aLLaln vlrLues equlvalenL Lo Lhe
worshlp done for Lhe whole year 1he ldol of Shlva ls consecraLed on Lhls day
Lord Shlva has hlmself Lold Lhe delLles LhaL he had manlfesLed ln Lhe form of lllar of llre ln Lhe
monLh of Agahan and durlng Lhe consLellaLlon of Ardra Pe also saldCne who has my darshan on Lhls
day (ShlvaraLrl) or worshlps me ln my form of llnga ls dearer
Lo me Lhan karLlkeya 1he place where l manlfesLed ln Lhe form of lllar of flre wlll become
famous as LlngasLhan 8ecause of lLs resemblance wlLh Lhe MounLaln of llre lL wlll also be
known Arunachal
LaLer on Shlva broughL back Lo llfe all Lhe people who had dled ln Lhe baLLle foughL beLween
8rahma and vlshnu
Lord Shlva Lhen preached 8rahma and vlshnu on Lhe flve duLles (anchakrlLya) saylng LhaL
SrlshLl (creaLlon) SLhlLhl (poslLlon) Samhar (annlhllaLlon) 1lrobhav (concealmenL) and
Anugrah (obllgaLlon or klndness) are Lhe flve duLles by whlch Lhls world funcLlons
1he source of Lhls world ln Sarga or naLure 1he esLabllshmenL of Lhls world ls SLlLhl or
poslLlon 1he Lendency of Lhls world Lo desLroy ls Samhar or desLrucLlon 1he feellng of absence
of Lhls world ls 1lrobhav or concealmenL and Moksha or salvaLlon ls obllgaLlon or Anugrah
Lord Shlva Lhen goes on Lo explaln LhaL Lhe flrsL four duLles llke Sarga (naLure) eLc help ln Lhe
nurLuremenL of Lhe world and Lhe flfLh duLy Anugrah ls a glver of salvaLlon
Lord Shlva also Lold Lhem (8rahma and vlshnu) LhaL he (Shlva) had blessed boLh of Lhem Lo look
afLer Lhe Lwo duLles le SrlshLl and SLhlLl 8udra and Mahesh have been enLrusLed wlLh Lhe [ob of
Sanhar and 1lrlbhav 1he flfLh duLy Anugrah has been kepL by me Sald Shlva
AfLer descrlblng abouL Lhe allocaLlon of varlous duLles Lord Shlva descrlbed Lhe meanlng of
CMkA8 Lo Lhem Pe sald LhaL CMkA8 slgnlfled Lhe world and conLalned Lhe power of Shlva
and ShakLl 1hls powerful manLra glves all klnds of worldly accompllshmenL as well as salvaLlon
AfLer LhaL Lord Shlva lnlLlaLed 8rahma and vlshnu wlLh Lhe CMkA8 manLra and preached Lhem
on Lhe lmporLance of Lhe worshlp of Shlvallnga
8l1uALS Cl 1PL WC8SPl Cl SPlvASAC8Lu
lC8lMACLS
Cn Lhe requesL of Lhe sages SuLa descrlbes abouL Lhe meLhods of worshlpplng Shlvallnga Pe
says Cne should consLrucL a Shlvallnga elLher of mud rock or meLal and esLabllsh lL ln such a
place where lL can be worshlpped dally wlLhouL any hlndrance
1he Char (moblle) Llnga should be small ln slze and Lhe SLhlra (flxed) llnga should be large
1he Llnga should be consLrucLed along wlLh Lhe pedesLal 1he rule for consLrucLlng a Shlvallnga
has been speclflcally descrlbed 1he breadLh of Lhlckness of Lhe Llnga should be Lwelve Llmes Lhe
Lhlckness of Lhe devoLees (one who ls consLrucLlng Lhe llnga) flnger whlle Lhe lengLh should be
LwenLyflve Llmes AfLer esLabllshlng Lhe llnga ln Lhe above menLloned way lL should be
worshlpped afLer performlng Lhe Shodasopachar 1he Lhumb also symbollse a Shlvallnga and lLs
worshlp can be done Whlle worshlpplng Lhe Shlvallnga Lhe manLra CM nAMAP SPlvA?
should be conLlnuously chanLed ChanLlng Lhls manLra for flve crore Llmes helps a man ln aLLalnlng Lo
Lhe abode of Shlva Worshlp of Shlva done durlng Lhe mld nlghL ls consldered Lo be
especlally frucLlfylng
1here are numerous places of pllgrlmages connecLed wlLh Shlva aL Lhe banks of rlver Canges and
rlver lndus 8lver SaraswaLl ls consldered Lo be a sacrosancL rlver and havlng an opporLunlLy of
llvlng aL lLs banks helps ln aLLalnlng Lo Lhe abode of 8rahma
Slmllarly Lhere are famous Lemples of Lord Shlva aL kashl nalmlsharanya 8adrlkasharama and
kedar eLc 1here are many Lemples of Shlva aL Lhe banks of holy rlver llke Canges ?amuna
SaraswaLl Codavarl narmada kaverl Sarayu 1ungabhadra eLc Worshlpplng Shlva aL Lhese
places besLows undlmlnlshlng vlrLues and llberaLes a man from all of hls slns
CCnuuC1 Cl 1PL 8LSLC1lvL CAS1LSuPA8MA
Cn Lhe requesL of Lhe sages SuLa descrlbed abouL Lhe vlrLuous and lnvlrLuous acLlvlLles of a man
accordlng Lo Lhe respecLlve casLes he belongs Lo Pe sald
A brahmln who performs Lhe rlLuals as descrlbed ln Lhe vedas only ls enLlLled Lo be called a
uwl[a A brahmln who ls noL LhaL proflclenL ln Lhe vedas ls called a kshaLrlya brahmln A
brahmln engaged ln agrlculLural acLlvlLles and buslness ls called a valshyabrahmln A brahmln
who ls ln Lhe hablL of condemnlng and crlLlclzlng oLhers ls called a Shudra8rahmln
A kshaLrlya who looks afLer Lhe welfare of hls sub[ecLs ls called a klng whlle Lhe resL of Lhem
are known as slmply kshaLrlya A kshaLrlya who lndulges ln buslness ls called a valshya
kshaLrlya Slmllarly a kshaLrlya who engages hlmself ln Lhe servlce of Lhe Lhree superlor casLes
8rahmln kshaLrlya and valshya ls called a Shudra kshaLrlya
uharma ls consldered Lo be of Lwo Lypes 1) uharma performed by maLLer and maLerlals 2)
uharma performed by lndulglng ln physlcal acLlvlLles
1he performance of ?agya eLc comes ln Lhe flrsL caLegory Maklng pllgrlmages of holy places
comes ln Lhe second caLegory uurlng Lhe SaLya ?uga medlLaLlon was Lhe way Lo aLLaln self
knowledge uurlng 1reLa ?uga lL was aLLalned by penance durlng uwapar ?uga lL was aLLalned
by performlng ?agya whlle ln Lhe presenL era of kall ?uga ldol worshlp ls consldered Lo be Lhe
means Lo achleve selfreallzaLlon lnvlrLuoslLy lnvlLes sorrow whlle vlrLuoslLy besLows [oy and
happlness
1PL lMC81AnCL Cl ACnl?AC?A
1he sages Lhen asked SuLa abouL Lhe Agnlyagya 8rahma yagya and Curu u[a ln order of
lmporLance
SuLa salderformlng havan by offerlng maLLer and maLerlals lnLo Lhe sacred flre ls called Agnl yagya
1hls rlLual ls especlally meanL for Lhe brahmacharl (cellbaLes) erformlng havana durlng Lhe
evenlng Llme brlngs prosperlLy whlle performance of havana durlng Lhe mornlng Llmes glves
long llfe Maklng sacrlflces Lo Lhe delLles durlng Lhe dayLlme ls called ueva ?agya A brahmln
should perform 8rahma yagya wlLh Lhe help of Lhe sLudy of Lhe vedas
llrsL of all lord Shlva adopLed an ausplclous day for hlmself and named lL Sunday AfLer LhaL he
named Lhe Slx remalnlng days of Lhe week and aLLrlbuLed Lhem Lo Lhe followlng delLles
respecLlvely Monday (uurga) 1uesday (Skanda) Wednesday (vlshnu) 1hursday (?ama)
lrlday (8rahma) and SaLurday (lndra)
Worshlpplng Lhe delLles on Lhelr respecLlve days glve peace properlLy and all klnds of
accompllshmenLs
A8C8lA1L LACL Anu 1lML lC8 WC8SPllnC
SPlvA
ln Lhe vldyeshwar SamhlLa of Shlva urana descrlblng abouL Lhe lmporLance of place and Llme
for worshlp of Shlva says
Worshlpplng Shlva aL a pure place ln a house glves approprlaLe frulLs whlle worshlp done ln a
cowshed glves vlrLue whlch are LenLlmes more Lhan Lhe former one Worshlpplng Shlva aL Lhe
banks of a rlver glves Len Llmes more vlrLues Lhan Lhe second one Worshlp of Shlva done elLher
ln Lemple under Lhe basll planL eLc or aL Lhe banks of SapL Canga glves Len Llmes more vlrLue
Lhan Lhe Lhlrd one lf Shlva ls worshlpped aL Lhe seashore Lhan Lhe fourLh one whlle worshlpplng
Shlva on Lhe peak of a mounLaln glves Len Llmes more vlrLue Lhan Lhe flfLh one 8uL worshlp
done wlLh a fully concenLraLes mlnd glves Lhe besL frulLs
uurlng Lhe SaLya ?uga performance of ?agya and donaLlons gave compleLe resulLs uurlng Lhe
1reLa ?uga lL gave half whlle ln Lhe presenL kall ?uga lL glves onefourLh resulLs vlrLuoslLy
performed wlLh a pure hearL does noL go ln valn 1he oLher ausplclous days ln order of Lhelr
lncreaslng lmporLance are SuryaSankranLl 1ula SankranLl and MeshSankranLl Lunar ecllpse
and Solar ecllpse respecLlvely
WC8SPllnC 1PL luCL Cl SPlvA
lL has been menLloned ln Lhe slxLeenLh chapLer of vlddyeshwar SamhlLa LhaL all Lhe deslres of a
man are compleLely fulfllled lf he worshlp even ln earLhen ldol of Shlva lor maklng an ldol of
Shlva clay should be acqulred from Lhe base of rlver pond well or any such oLher place ln Lhls
clay fragranL powder and mllk should be added Lo make lL lnLo a pasLe AfLer Lhe consLrucLlng of
ldol ls compleLe lL should be worshlpped by all Lhe slxLeen Lypes of rlLuals Shodasopachar
lf Lhe Shlvallnga ls consLrucLed by somebody else Lhen Lhree sera of nalvedya should be offered
Lo Lhe delLy whereas lf one hlmself has consLrucLed Lhe Shlvallnga Lhen Lhe onefourLh of a Sera
should be offered lf such an ldol s worshlpped for one Lhousand Llmes Lhen lL helps a devoLee ln
aLLalnlng Lo Lhe
SaLyaloka erformlng abhlshek of such an ldol helps ln selfpurlflcaLlon offerlng fragrance
glves vlrLues nalvedya lncreases Lhe llfe span and worshlpplng lL wlLh uhoop glves wealLh and
prosperlLy respecLlvely
Worshlpplng Lhe ldol wlLh a burnlng lamp glves knowledge Lo Lhe devoLee whereas offerlng
beeLel leaves glves splendours
A devoLee who worshlps Lord Shlva ln Lhe Plndu monLh of Magh and on krlshna ChaLurdashl
achleves longevlLy of llfe 8oLh worldly pleasures and salvaLlon are achleved by worshlpplng
Shlva
Worshlpplng Shlva ln Lhe Plndu monLh of karLlk by golng !apa penance eLc glves speclal frulLs
and Lhe devoLee becomes free from all klnds of dlseases
lf a devoLee worshlps lord Shlva on Sunday he becomes free from reblrLh
1PL MA!LS1? Cl 8AnAv AnCPAkSPA8
1he rooL sounds Akar ukar Makar 8lndu and nad whlch are free from Lhe deluslons and
whlch orlglnaLes from Lhe moLher naLure are called ranav lL ls of Lwo Lypesa)Cross b) SubLle
(ranav ManLra CM Anu CM nAMAP SPlvA?!
lL symbollzess Lhe unlfled power of Shlva and ShakLl and desLroyes all Lhe slns of a man A man
deslrous of worldly pleasures musL chanL Lhe manLra Prlshva ranav conLalnlng Lhe Lhree rooL
sounds A u and Ma whlch symbollzes 8rahma vlshnu and Mahesh respecLlvely Cn Lhe oLher
hand a man asplrlng for Lhe salvaLlon musL chanL Lhe manLra ueergha ranav conLalnlng A u
Ma nad and 8lndu
8efore commenclng Lhe sLudy of vedas pronounclng CMkA8 ls a musL 8y chanLlng ranav
for nlne crore Llmes man becomes pure 8y chanLlng lL for furLher nlne crore Llmes a man
develops a conLrol over naLural forces llke wlnd smell and earLh eLc
1hls ranav manLra ls consldered Lo be mosL powerful and helps a man Lo aLLaln Lhe abode of
Shlva
WC8LuL? 8CnuACLS Anu SALvA1lCn
ln Lhe elghLeen chapLer all Lhe sages requesLed SuLa Lo explaln Lhe meanlng of bondages of llfe
and SalvaLlon
SuLa replled
8ecause of Lhe elghL Lypes of bondages whlch a man feels on Lhls earLh Lhe soul ls also known
as !lva 1he !lva becomes llberaLed only afLer becomlng free from Lhese elghL bondages 1hese elghL
bondages are naLure lnLelllgence quallLaLlve ego and Lhe anchaLanmaLras le Sound
Louch appearance LasLe and smell
Lach soul ls blnded by Lhese elghL aspecLs of Lhe naLure 1he acLlons performed as Lhe resulL of
Lhese bondages ls called karma A man reaps Lhe frulLs of hls acLlons wheLher good or evll Pe
elLher en[oys pleasures or suffers because of sorrow due Lo Lhls karma 1he soul Lakes reblrLh ln
a cycllc was blnded by Lhe effecLs of hls karmas 1he elghL Chakra are noLhlng buL Lhe elghL
forms of Lhe naLure Shlva ls beyond Lhe reach of Lhese elghL chakras on Lhe conLrary he has full
conLrol Lhese elghL chakras So a man can become free from Lhe bondages of Lhls world only by
worshlpplng Shlvallnga 1he llnga ls boLh gross as well as subLle 1here are flve Lypes of Llnga
on Lhls earLh Swayambhu Llnga 8lndu Llnga raLlsLhlL Llnga Char Llnga Curu Llnga A
person deslrous of worldly pleasures should worshlp Lhe cross Shlvallnga where as one who ls
deslrous of aLLalnlng salvaLlon musL worshlp Lhe subLle Shlvallnga
1PL WC8SPl Cl A81PlvA LlnCA
SuLa Lhen explalns Lhe greaLness of worshlpplng a arLhlva Llnga
arLhlva Llnga ls Lhe mosL supreme among all Lhe Shlvallngas All Lhe asplrLlons of he delLles as
well as men are fulfllled by Lhe worshlp of arLhlv llnga uurlng Lhe era of SaLya [ewel was
consldered Lo be of prlme lmporLance where as durlng 1reLa ?uga and uwapar ?uga gold and
mercury had Lhe prlme lmporLance respecLlvely ln Lhe presenL era of kall a arLhlva Llnga holds
Lhls place of honor 1he worshlp of arLhlva Llnga begeLs more vlrLues Lhan even penance !usL
as Canga among Lhe rlvers kashl among Lhe sacred places of pllgrlmages Cmkar among all Lhe
manLras are consldered Lo be superlor ln Lhe same way arLhlvallnga ls consldered Lo Lhe
supreme among all Lhe Llnga Worshlpplng a arLhlva llnga wlLh a nlshkam bhava helps a man
Lo aLLaln llberaLlon
SuLa elaboraLely descrlbes abouL Lhe meLhods of dolng worshlp of arLhlva Llnga
AfLer becomlng fresh ln Lhe mornlng a man should wear a rudraksha garland ln hls neck and
apply 8hasma (ash) on hls forehead Pe should Lhen worshlp Lhe arLhlva Llnga Pe should
chanL Lhe varlous names of Shlva whlle worshlpplng Lhe arLhlva Llnga llke Par Maheshwar
Shambhu Shoolpanl Mahadeva eLc AfLer worshlpplng Lhe arLhlva Llnga lL should be
lmmersed ln Lhe rlver 1hen Lhe manLra CM nAMAP SPlvA? should be canLed wlLh
compleLe devoLlon 1hls ls Lhe meLhod whlch has been descrlbed ln Lhe vedas for Lhe worshlp of
arLhlva Llnga
1he numbers of arLhlva Llnga dlffer accordlng Lo ones deslres lor example a man who ls
deslrous of learnlng and knowledge musL worshlp one Lhousand arLhlva Llnga A man who ls
deslrous of wealLh musL worshlp Cne Lhousand flve hundred arLhlva Llngas A man who ls
deslrous of aLLalnlng salvaLlon musL worshlp one crore arLhlva Llngas
arLhlva llnga whlch ls equlvalenL Lo Lhe helghL measured by Lhe four flngers and whlch has been
esLabllshed on a beauLlful pedesLal ls consldered Lo be Lhe besL arLhlva Llnga whlch ls Lhe half
of Lhe above menLloned helghL ls consldered Lo be medlum and sLlll half Lhan Lhe second caLegory ls
consldered Lo be lnferlor arLhlva Llnga lL ls beLLer and advlsable Lo worshlp a slngle
arLhlva Llnga dally because lL ls equlvalenL Lo Lhe worshlp of Lhe whole world nobody ls
barred from worshlpplng Shlva excepL Lhe people whose ancesLors had been cursed by Lhe sages
llke uadhlchl CauLam Such people should also worshlp Lhe elghL ldols (earLh waLer flre alr
sky sun moon and Lhe hosL) alongwlLh Lhe arLhlva llnga A brahmln should worshlp arLhlva
llnga as per Lhe meLhods descrlbed ln Lhe vedas Worshlp should be done faclng norLh
lMC81AnCL Cl nAlvLu?A Anu 8lLvALLAvLS
SuLa Lhen descrlbed abouL Lhe lmporLanL of nalvedya offered Lo Lord Shlva
A devoLee geLs llberaLed from all of hls slns merely aL Lhe slghL of Lhe nalvedya whlch have
been offered Lo lord Shlva Pe aLLalns greaL vlrLues by havlng Lhe rasada
A man musL noL accepL Lhe rasada lf Lhe worshlp have been done under supervlslon of a
Chandala buL some of Lhe Shlvallngas llke 8anllnga Slddhallnga and Swayambhu Llnga are
excepLlons Lo Lhls rule 1he prasada whlch has been offered Lo Lhe Shlvallnga and remalns lylng
on lL ls prohlblLed from havlng buL Lhe prasad whlch ls noL Louchlng Lhe Shlvallnga should be
accepLed
8llva frulL ls consldered Lo be a form of lord Shlva lLs greaLness has been euloglzed even by Lhe
delLles hlmself lL ls belleved LhaL all Lhe places of pllgrlmages dwell ln Lhe 8llvaleaf Lord
Shlva ls belleved Lo have hls abode ln Lhe rooLs of Lhe 8llva Lree A devoLee who waLers Lhe rooLs
of Lhe 8llva Lree aLLalns greaLer vlrLues Lhan offerlng waLer Lo Lhe delLles of all Lhe places of
pllgrlmages Slmllarly a devoLee who worshlps Lhe rooLs of Lhe 8llva Lree aLLalns Lo Lhe abode of
lord Shlva
SuLa Lhen goes on he explaln Lhe greaLness of Shlvas name and Lhe lmporLance of 8hasma (ash)
and rudraksha beads ln hls worshlp 1he name of Shlva ls as sacred as Canges Slmllarly
8hasma and 8udraksha are as holy as Lhe rlvers ?amuna and SaraswaLl 1herefore a devoLee
who possesses Lhe name of lord Shlva on hls llps who applles 8hasma on hls person and who
wears a rudraksha ln hls neck aLLaln Lhe vlrLues slmllar Lo LhaL of Laklng a baLh ln Lhe sangam ln
anclenL Llmes a klng by Lhe name of lndrayumna goL llberaLed from Lhe bondages of Lhe world
[usL by chanLlng Lhe name of Shlva
1PL lMC81AnCL Cl 8PASMA (ASP) ln SPlvAS
WC8SPl
8hasma are of Lwo Lypes1) Maha 8hasma and 2) Swalpa 8hasma
ShroLa (llsLener) SmarL (rlLes accordlng Lo Lhe smrlLls) and Lauklk (worldly) are consldered Lo
be Lhe Maha 8hasma 1here are many Lypes of Swalpa 8hasma
ShroLa and SmarL are meanL only for Lhe brahmlns lor Lhe resL of Lhe casLes Lauklk 8hasma
ls approprlaLe A brahmln musL apply 8hasma only afLer lnlLlaLlng lL wlLh Lhe manLras 1he ashes whlch
remalns afLer burnlng dry cowdung ls called Agneya 8hasma Applylng 1rlpunda on Lhe
forehead wlLh Lhe ashes afLer Lhe compleLlon of ?agya ls Lo Lhe upanlshad rlLuals llke Sandhya
and !apa should only be performed afLer applylng Lrlpunda on Lhe forehead
lMC81AnCL Cl 8uu8AkSPA
8udraksha ls very dear Lo lord Shlva and hence all Lhe slns of a man geL desLroyed lf he chanLs
Lhe name of Lord Shlva uslng a 8udraksha beads Pe also aLLalns salvaLlon afLer hls deaLh lL ls
belleved LhaL Lhe orlgln of 8udraksha ls connecLed wlLh Shlva penance
Cnce whlle Sadashlv was performlng hls penance hls eyes opened due Lo some dlsLurbances Pe
was so remorseful LhaL Lears rolled down from hls eyes 1hese Leardrops are belleved Lo be Lhe
orlgln of Lhe 8udraksha Lrees
8udraksha of speclflc colours have been prescrlbed for dlfferenL casLes lor example a 8rahmln
a kshaLrlya a valshya and a Shudra have been lnsLrucLed Lo puL on 8udraksha of whlLe colour
red colour yellow colour and black colour respecLlvely
A person who wears eleven hundred 8udraksha on hls body he unlLes wlLh Shlva 8udrakshas
are of varlous Lypes le Lkmukha 8udraksha (one openlng) Lo rudraksha wlLh fourLeen openlngs
Lach Lype of rudraksha has speclflc manLra and speclflc delLy connecLed wlLh lL
A81 1WC 8uu8A SAMPl1A
S8lSP1lkPAnu
1he sages express Lhelr deslre of knowlng abouL Lhe manlfesLaLlon of Shlva and uma Lhelr
marrlage and Lhelr llfe as a householder and Lhe oLher aspecLs of Shlvas dlvlnlLy
SuLa narraLed Lhe sLory of naradas aLLachmenL and lusL how Lhey were ulLlmaLely desLroyed Pe
also narraLed of naradas deep deslre Lo know abouL Shlva
vlC1C8? Cl nA8AuA CvL8 kAMA
Cnce upon a Llme a narada was performlng a penance ln Lhe cave of Plmalaya mounLaln lndra
becomlng fearful senL kamadev Lo obsLrucL hls penance 8uL kamadeva was unsuccessful ln hls
aLLempL as Lhe place where narada was dolng penance was Lhe same place where Lord Shlva dld
penance AfLer Lhe compleLlon of hls penance narada became arroganL LhaL he had defeaLed
kamadeva Pe wenL Lo kallash mounLaln and narraLed abouL hls feaL Lo Lord Shlva narada was
naive noL Lo reallze Lhe facL haL ls happened only because of Lhe dlvlne power of Shlva
Lord Shlva llsLened Lo hls arroganL sLaLemenL Pe advlsed narada noL Lo reveal Lhls secreL Lo
anybody 8uL narada wenL Lo 8rahmaloka and boasLed abouL hls feeL Lo Lord 8rahma
Lord 8rahma llsLened Lo hls bolsLerous sLaLemenLs and advlsed hlm noL Lo reveal Lhls Lo anybody 8uL
narada was noL saLlsfled Pe wanLed Lo glve Lhe news of hls achlevemenL Lo Lord vlshnu
So he wenL Lo Lord vlshnus abode and boasLed abouL hls feaL of defeaLlng kamdeva
Lord vlshnu wlLh a deslre Lo subdue hls lnflaLed ego manlfesLed hls llluslonary power wlLh Lhe
blesslngs of Lord Shlva
Whlle narada was reLurnlng from valkunLha Loka he saw a beauLlful clLy 1hls clLy was ruled
by a klng named Sheelnldhl 1he klng had a daughLer and her Swayamvar was belng organlsed
numerous klngs had arrlved Lo Lake parL ln LhaL Swayamvar narada curlously enLered Lhe place
were Swayamvar was belng held 1he klng requesLed narada Lo sLudy Lhe llnes of Lhe palm of Lhe
prlncess narada was lnfaLuaLed by Lhe prlncess' beauLy Pe reLurned back Lo Lord vlshnu and
expressed hls deslre of marrylng LhaL prlncess Pe also requesLed vlshnu Lo make hlm as
handsome as hlmself (vlshnu)
Lord vlshnu made naradas whole body very beauLlful excepL hls face Whlch he made llke a
monkey narada belng unaware of Lhls happlly wenL back Lo Swayamvar slLe narada saL among
Lhe klngs hls face resembllng llke a monkey Lord vlshnu Loo was presenL Lhere 1he prlncess
saw narada whose face was looklng llke a monkey She was amused ulLlmaLely she puL Lhe
garland around Lhe neck of Lord vlshnu and wenL Lo valkunLha Loka alongwlLh hlm
Some of Lhe Shlvas gana Loo were presenL Lhere ln Lhe gulse of a brahmln 1helr names were
Marud ganas When Lhey saw narada Lo see Lhe reflecLlon of hls face ln Lhe waLer
When narada saw hls face ln Lhe waLer he saw LhaL he was looklng llke a monkey Pe became
very furlous and cursed Lhe Marudganas Lo be Lhe born as demons even Lhough belng brahmlns
by blrLh
lurlous narada Lhen wenL Lo Lord vlshnu and cursed hlm ?ou Loo would suffer due Lo
separaLlon from your wlfe durlng your lncarnaLlon of 8ama and Lhe monkey would come Lo your
help
Lord vlshnu accepLed naradas curse wlLhouL any heslLaLlon Pe Lhen removed Lhe llluslonary
powers by whlch naradas mlnd was lnfluenced now narada regreLLed hls acLlons Lord vlshnu
Lold narada LhaL everyLhlng happened because of Shlvas dlvlne llluslons
?ou dld noL pay heed Lo hls advlce and hence Shlva by hls llluslons has LaughL you a lesson
Shlva ls beyond Lhe reach of Lhe Lhree baslc quallLles SaLva 8a[as and 1amas 1herefore you
musL worshlp and conLemplaLe on Lhe name of Shlva All of your slns wlll be desLroyed
AfLer preachlng narada Lord vlshnu vanlshed from hls slghL narada Lhen descended down Lo
earLh and whlle havlng darshan of numerous Shlvallngas he saw Lwo of Lhe Marudganas whom
he had cursed Pe Lold boLh of Lhem LhaL Lhey would Lake blrLh from a glanLesss womb buL Lhelr
faLher would be sages Pe also Lold Lhem LhaL Lhey would become very famous due Lo Lhelr
devoLlon narada wenL Lo lord 8rahma and requesLed hlm Lo Lell abouL Lhe dlvlnlLy of Shlva 88APMA
8LACPLS nA8AuA Cn C8lCln Cl
vlSPnu Anu 88APMA
Cn naradas requesL 8rahma sald
uurlng Lhe perlod of Maharalaya (llnal annlhllaLlon) noLhlng exlsL excepL Shlva 1he power
whlch Shlva manlfesLed from hls own self came Lo be known as Amblka 1hls Amblka ls
undersLood Lo be Lhe cause of Lhe whole world as well as Lhe naLure Lord Shlva Lhen creaLed a
Shlvaloka whlch ls known as kashl lL ls Lhe abode of Shlva and arvaLl A man who makes a
pllgrlmages of kashl aLLalns salvaLlon
Lord Shlva felL Lhe need of somebody who could look afLer Lhe creaLlon ln hls absence as he
wanLed Lo reLlre along wlLh Amblka aL kashl 1he unlfled energy of Shlva and Amblka resulLed
lnLo a radlanL physlcal form of a chlld 1he chlld asked Shlva abouL hls name and purpose of hls
belng
Lord Shlva named Lhe chlld as vlshnu and advlsed hlm Lo do a penance whlch would help hlm Lo
aLLaln all klnds of accompllshmenL Pe Lhen offered hlm Lhe knowledge of vedas Lhrough hls
breaLh lor Lhls reason lL has been sald
?AS?A nlSPvASl1AM vLuAP Meanlng Whose exhaled alr ls veda
vlshnu followed Lhe lnsLrucLlon of Shlva and dld a Lremendous penance for Lwelve years buL sLlll
he was noL successful ln havlng a darshan of lord Shlva for Lhe second Llme Pe became worrled
Pe heard a heavenly volce lnsLrucLlng hlm Lo do furLher penance
vlshnu Lhen recommenced hls penance lL conLlnued for many days 8y Lhe blesslngs of Shlva
numerous founLaln of sLreams errupLed from hls body whlch spread ln all dlrecLlons ln Lhe form
of 8rahma vlshnu was very pleased Lo see LhaL sLream Pe wenL Lo sleep ln LhaL sLreams due Lo
whlch he also came Lo be known as narayan Cne who has hls abode ln Lhe waLer AfLer LhaL all
Lhe flve elemenLs manlfesLed from hls self 1he Lhree quallLles Salva 8a[os and 1amas as well
as Lhe ego manlfesLed from hls body Slmllarly flve 1anmanLras (SubLle form of maLLer)
anchabhuLa (Sky waLer alr flre and earLh) and ulLlmaLely flve sense organs and flve organs of
acLlon also manlfesLed from AlLogeLher LwenLyfour Lypes of elemenL manlfesLed from Lhe body
of Srl vlshnu
8rahma Lold narada
Whlle vlshnu was sleeplng ln Lhe waLer a loLus flower manlfesLed from Lhe navel of vlshnu
accordlng Lo Lhe wlsh of Shlva Cn LhaL loLus was seaLed wlLh four heads l dld noL see anyLhlng
excepL LhaL loLus flower l had a deslre Lo know abouL my ldenLlLy So l enLered lnLo Lhe hollow
Lubular sLalk of LhaL loLus flower buL l was noL able Lo flnd Lhe source l reLurned back Lo Lhe
same place Suddenly l heard a volce whlch lnsLrucLed me Lo do penance l dld a Lremendous
penance for Lwelve years wlLh a deslre Lo know abouL my creaLor 8elng pleased wlLh me lord vlshnu
manlfesLed before me wlLh ln hls ChaLurbhu[ form buL l could noL ldenLlfy hlm belng
lnfluenced by Lhe llluslonary power of Shlva l quarreled wlLh hlm
SlvA LnuS 88APMA vlSPnu ulSu1L Anu
SPA8uA 88APMA
l asked hlm as Lo who he was vlshnu replled LhaL he was Lhe fulflller of all of hls deslres 8uL l
replled Lo hlm LhaL l only was Lhe creaLor nurLurer and Lhe supreme soul of Lhls world vlshnu
became angry and sald LhaL undoubLedly l (8rahma) was Lhe creaLor of Lhls world buL he
(vlshnu) was Lhe one who had creaLed me (8rahma) and Lhe whole world vlshnu also ordered
me Lo Lake hls refuge and promlsed Lo proLecL me 8uL belng an lgnoranL l dld noL belleve hlm A
flerce baLLle was foughL beLween boLh of us A Shlvallnga manlfesLed beLween us Lo end Lhe
baLLle We requesLed LhaL Shlvallnga Lo show lLs real ldenLlLy 1haL Shlvallnga had desLroyed our
prlde
We heard a sound CM We became curlous Lo know Lhe orlgln of LhaL sound vlshnu saw a leLLer
A Lowards Lhe souLh of LhaL Shlvallnga Pe also saw Lhe leLLers u and M cenLer Lowards Lhe
norLh of Lhe Shlvallnga and ln lLs cenLer respecLlvely Pe also saw Lhe manLra CM whlch was
dazzllng llke a Sun 1here was no beglnnlng and end Lo Lhls manLra CM As we were maklng
efforLs Lo know abouL lLs orlgln suddenly Shlva appeared ln Lhe form of a sage Pe gave us Lhe
knowledge regardlng CM Pe also revealed Lo us LhaL l orlglnaLed from Lhe leLLer A vlshnu
orlglnaLed from leLLer u and Shlva hlmself orlglnaLed from leLLer M 1he leLLer A slgnlfles
creaLlon u Slgnlfles nurLuremenL and M slgnlfles salvaLlon
1he Lhree leLLers A v and M also symbollzes Lhe baslc causes of creaLlon A or brahma also
symbollzes Lhe semen u or vlshnu symbollzes Lhe vaglna and Lhe sound of CM ls MaheshwarLhe
comblned sound of A u and M All Lhe Lhree unlLed from whlch manlfesLed a golden egg
1hls golden egg remalned submerged ln Lhe waLer for one Lhousand years 1he almlghLy Lhen cuL
LhaL egg lnLo Lwo halves from whlch appeared heaven and LarLh We also saw Lhe dlvlne beauLy
of Maheshwar
1hen we saw all Lhe vowels and consonanLs emanaLlng from Lhe physlque of Mahadeva vlshnu
saw Lhe forLy elghL leLLers wlLhln CMkA8 whlch ln facL were Lhe Lwo followlng manLras 1A1
u8uSPA? vluu?AMAPL MAPAuLvA? uPlMAPl 1AnnC 8uu8AP
8ACPCuA?A1 And 1A1 SAvl1u8 vA8Ln?AM 8PA8CC uLvAS?A uPlMAPl
uPl?C ?CnAP 8ACPCuA?A1
AfLer LhaL we also recelved Lhe MahamrlLyun[ay manLras llke CM !CCM SAP P8AuM
P8lM !CCM SAP and 18A?AM8AkAM ?A!AMAPL AfLer LhaL we recelved Lhe flve
leLLered manLra CM nAMAP SPlvA? Lhe chlnLamanl manLra kSPAM?AuM Lhe
uakshalnamurLl manLra CM nAMC 8PACAvA1L uAkSPAlnAMu81A?L MAP?AM
MLCPAM 8A?ACPCPPA SWAPA AL lasL we recelved Lhe greaL manLra 1A1vAMASl
vlshnu was so enchanLed by Lhls manLra LhaL he sLarLed chanLlng Lhls manLra We Lhen prayed Lo
ShlvaLhe creaLor Lhe nurLurer and Lhe desLroyer Shlva became very pleased wlLh boLh of us Pe
preached us Lhe conLenLs of veda Shlva Lold
vlshnu abouL Lhe meLhods by whlch hls (Shlvas) worshlp could be done Pe revealed Lo us LhaL
vlshnu acLually had manlfesLed from Lhe lefL porLlon of hls Shlvas body and myself from Lhe
rlghL porLlon of hls body Pe also blessed us LhaL he would manlfesL hls lncarnaLlon of 8udra
from our body and also LhaL Lhe purpose of Lhls lncarnaLlon would be Lo do annlhllaLlon Lord
Shlva revealed Lo us LhaL hls consorL uma was ln facL moLher naLure and her power ln Lhe
lncarnaLlon of SaraswaLl would be my consorL Lakshml who would also manlfesL from Lhe
naLure would be Lhe consorL of vlshnu
8rahma Lold narada
Lord Shlva lnformed us LhaL my day conslsLs of four Lhousand eras and slmllarly my nlghL Loo
conslsLs of four Lhousand eras Slnce a monLh conslsLs of LhlrLy days and a year conslsLs of Lwelve
monLhs ln Lhls way my age was flxed Lo be of one hundred years Cne day of vlshnu ls
equlvalenL Lo one year of 8rahma vlshnus age Loo was flxed Lo be of one hundred years 1he
day of 8udra ls equlvalenL Lo one year of vlshnu and hls age also was flxed Lo be of one hundred
years
1PL ML1PCuS Cl WC8SPllnC SPlvA
Cn Lhe requesL of Lhe sages SuLa reLold Lhe preachlng whlch had been narraLed by 8rahma Lo
narada uescrlblng Lhe meLhod of Shlva worshlp he says
A devoLee should geL up early ln Lhe mornlng and conLemplaLe on Shlva who glves benedlcLlon
AfLer LhaL he should flnlsh hls dally rouLlng work and perform rlLuals llke Sandhya and
vandana eLc AfLer LhaL he should worshlp Shlvallnga accordlng Lo vedlc rlLes llke
anchopachar Sodashopachar eLc Pe should also perform Abhlseka wlLh varlous offerlngs AL
lasL Lhe should beg pardon for hls slns
Cnce 8rahma wenL Lo kshlrsagar (Lhe abode of vlshnu) accompanled by Lhe delLles and asked
lord vlshnu how a man could be llberaLed from hls sorrows Lord vlshnu Lold Lhem LhaL Lhls
ob[ecLlve could be meL by worshlpplng Shlvallnga
All Lhe delLles Lhen prayed Lo lord Shlva who afLer becomlng pleased lnsLrucLed vlshwakarma
Lo consLrucL a Shlvallnga for Lhem vlshwakarma Lhen made a Shlvallnga for kubera a
Shlvallnga of yellow dlamond for uharmara[ a Shlvallnga of dark coloured dlamond for varuna
a Shlvallnga of lndraned dlamond for vlshnu and a goldden Shlvallnga for 8rahma Slmllarly
vlshwadeva was glven a Shlvallnga made up of sllver Lhe Ashwlnl kumars were glven
Shlvallnga made up of bronze Lakshml was glven a Shlvallnga made up of CrysLal (SphaLlk)
Sungod was glven a Shlvallnga made of copper and Lhe moon was glven a Shlvallnga made of
pearl
8rahma has descrlbed Lhe followlng meLhods for Lhe worshlp of Shlvallnga
AfLer performlng Lhe rlLuals llke Achaman and ranayama a devoLee should apply a Lrlpunda
on hls forehead and wear a rudraksha on hls body AfLer Lhe sLudy of ShanLlpaLh and Lhe performance
of uevaLanamaskar he should make a resoluLlon lf he has any wlsh Lo be fulfllled
1hen Lhe worshlp of Shlvallnga should be done wlLh Lhe help of MahlmaSLavan and offerlng
flowers Lo Lhe Shlvallnga 1he purlLy of Lhe manLras should be malnLalned whlle chanLlng Lhem
lL has been menLloned ln Lhe Shlvaurana LhaL maklng offerlngs ln Lhe form of loLus ShaLapaLra
Shankhapushpl Lhe leaves of wood apple Lree helps a man ln aLLalnlng wealLh and prosperlLy
lor becomlng free from dlsease flfLy loLus flowers should be offered Lo Lhe Shlvallnga
MrlLyun[ay!apa should be chanLed for flve lac Llmes for all Lypes of accompllshmenL Cne lakh
dhaLurafrulLs should be offered for long llfe worldlypleasure as well as for aLLalnlng salvaLlon
1PL C8lCln Cl kAlLASP Anu vAlkun1P
8rahma revealed Lo narada how Lhe process of creaLlon commenced
AfLer Lord Shlva vanlshed from our slghL l Lransformed myself lnLo Lhe appearance of a swan
and vlshnu Lransformed hls appearance lnLo LhaL of a boar wlLh Lhe purpose of commenclng Lhe
process of creaLlon llrsL of all l creaLed Lhe waLer l poured a palmful of waLer lnLo lL and an egg
manlfesLed whlch conslsLed of all Lhe LwenLy four elemenLs 1hls egg was very enormous ln slze
whlch made me confused l dld penance for Lwelve years vlshnu appeared before me l
requesLed hlm Lo brlng LhaL egg Lo consclousness vlshnu enLered lnLo LhaL egg As a resulL of
Lhls kallash mounLaln and all Lhe seven worlds came lnLo exlsLence AfLer LhaL Lhe sLaLlc llvlng
Lhlngs were creaLed whlch symbollzed Lhe dark quallLy (1amas guna) AfLer LhaL l creaLed four
fooLed anlmals llke cows and Cx eLc lnsplLe of Lhese creaLlons l was noL saLlsfled so l agaln
wenL lnLo medlLaLlon
As a resulL Lhe delLles were creaLed whlch symbollzed Lhe vlrLuous quallLy (SaLvaguna) Cnce
agaln l medlLaLed and Lhe human specles came lnLo exlsLence whlch symbollzed Lhe medlum
quallLy (8a[as guna) WlLh Lhe permlsslon of Lord Shlva l Lhen creaLed splrlLs llke ghosLs eLc
AfLer LhaL l creaLed my flve ManaspuLras Sanak Sanadan eLc 8uL Lhey were so asceLlc and
deLached from Lhe world LhaL Lhey showed Lhelr dlslncllnaLlon ln conLrlbuLlng ln Lhe process of
creaLlon 1hls made me angry Lears rolled down from my eyes WlLh Lhe permlsslon of vlshnu l
dld a Lremendous penance Lo have a darshan of lord Shlva
1PL LML8CLnCL Cl 8uu8AvA1A8 Anu C8LA1lCn
8rahma sald Lo narada
When l accompllshed my penance Lord Shlva manlfesLed ln hls lncarnaLlon of 8udra from ln
beLween Lhe eyebrows Palf of hls body resembled llke LhaL of a woman (Ardhanarlshwar) l
requesLed hlm help me ln my creaLlonal acLlvlLles 8udra creaLed hls hosLs (8udragana) who
resembled llke hlm l requesLed hlm Lo creaLe Lhe morLals Lo whlch he laughed and sald LhaL he
llberaLed morLals from Lhelr sorrow so how could he fasLen Lhem wlLh bondages 8udra
requesLed me Lo creaLe Lhe morLals and Lhen he vanlshed
reachlng narada on Lhe essence of ShlvaLaLLva 8rahma saldWlLh Lhe permlsslon of Shlva l creaLed
Lhe flve baslc elemenLs from whlch Lhe maLLer ls made
and also all Lypes of arLs l also creaLed Lhe Llme uesplLe all Lhese creaLlons l was noL saLlsfled l
creaLed Sage Marlchl from my eyes Sage 8hrlgu from my hearL Sage Anglra from my head
Sage ulaha from my vyan vayu Sage ulaLsya from my udan vaya Sage vashlshLha from my
Saman vayu Sage kraLu from my Apan vayu Sage ALrl from my ear uaksha ra[apaLl from
my vlLal alr ?ou (narada) manlfesLed from my lap Sage kardam and uharma manlfesLed from
my Shadow 1hen l dlvlded my body lnLo Lwo parLs and from each of Lhe Lwo parLs Manu and
ShaLarupa manlfesLed respecLlvely 8oLh of Lhem goL marrled and ln Lhls way commenced Lhe
con[ugal creaLlon rlyavraLa and uLLanpad were Lhe Lwo sons born Lo Lhem ShaLarupa also gave
blrLh Lo Lhree daughLers whose names were AkuLl uevahuLl and rasuLl Sage 8uchl was marrled
Lo AkuLl Sage kardam was marrled Lo uevahuLl and uaksha ra[apaLl was marrled Lo rasuLl
Sage ?agya and uakshalna were born Lo sage 8uchl and AkuLl
numerous daughLers were born Lo sage kardam and uevahuLl Slmllarly LwenLyfour daughLers
were born Lo uaksha and rasuLl uaksha marrled LhlrLeen of hls dhauLhers Lo uharma
1he resL of hls daughLers were marrled Lo sages llke ulasLya eLc All Lhe Lhree worlds are
lnhablLed by Lhe progenles of Lhese sages 1he same uaksha ra[apaLl had slxLy daughLers ln
anoLher kalpa who were marrled Lo sages llke kashyapa eLc ln Lhls kalpa SaLl was one of hls
daughLers who was marrled Lo Lord Shlva SaLl belng dlsLressed by Lhe dlsrespecL sown by her
faLheruaksha Lo her husbandShlva had glven up her llfe by [umplng lnLo Lhe sacrlflclal flre ln
her nexL blrLh she was born as arvaLl and was agaln marrled Lo Shlva 1hls way l creaLed Lhls
world wlLh Lhe permlsslon of Shlva
CunAnluPl 1PL 88APMlnS SCn
narada asked lord 8rahma when dld lord Shlva make kallash as hls abode and whaL was Lhe
reason of frlendshlp beLween Shlva[l and kubera 8rahma narraLed Lhe followlng sLory 1here
used Lo llve a brahmln by Lhe name ?agyaduLL ln kampllyanagar who was proflclenL ln Lhe
performance of Somyagya Pe had a son named Cunanldhl 1hough he was a scholar buL aL Lhe
same Llme he was lrrellglous and kepL bad company Pe used Lo lndulge ln evll acLlvlLles llke
gambllng
Pls faLher ?agyaduLL was unaware of hls evll acLlvlLles Whenever he asked hls wlfe abouL
Cunanldhl hablLs and conducL hls wlfe used Lo Lell lles and pralsed Lhe conducL of Cunamldhl
1hus Cunamldhls condlLlon became worsL day by days
?agyaduLL marrled Cunanldhl wlLh a glrl belonglng Lo a well Lo do famlly 8uL hls hablLs had noL
changed Pls moLher Lrled her besL Lo make hlm undersLand buL lL was of no avall
Cne day ?agyaduLL saw a gambler wearlng hls rlng Pe asked hlm abouL LhaL rlng 1he gambler
Lold hlm LhaL hls son Cunanldhu had losL lL Lo hlm ln Lhe gamble Pe also lnformed hlm LhaL he
had also losL numerous ornamenLs and oLher properLles ln Lhe gamble
?agyaduLL became very angry Pe marrled wlLh anoLher woman afLer abandonlng hls wlfe and
son When Cunadhl came Lo know abouL hls faLhers second marrlage he moved Lo anoLher place
curslng hls faLe Pe kepL on walklng Llll he became Llred Pe saL under a Lree and sLarLed Lhlnklng
abouL hls furLher course of acLlon Pe hearL was full of remorse and he repenLed for hls pasL
acLlons As hls mlnd was engrossed ln such klnd of LhoughLs Pe saw somw vlllages golng
Lowards Lemple 1hey were carrylng prasad ln Lhelr hands
Slnce Cunanldhl was hungry he followed Lhem and afLer reachlng Lhe Lemple he saL aL Lhe maln
gaLe of Lhe Lemple ln Lhe nlghL afLer Lhe accompllshmenL of Lhe u[an Lhe devoLees wenL Lo
sleep Cunanldhl enLered Lhe premlse wenL Lo sleep Cunanldhl enLered Lhe premlse of Lhe Lemple
1he flame of Lhe lamp was gradually becomlng dlm as Lhe resulL of whlch he could noL see
properly Pe Lore some pleces of cloLh he was wearlng and made a Lhlck wlck and puL lL ln Lhe
lamp now Lhe llghL was sufflclenL Lo enable hlm Lo see whaLever had been offered Lo Lhe delLy
Pe carrled as much frulLs and oLher eaLables as posslble and Lrled Lo sneak ouL from Lhe Lemple
unforLunaLely he dashed agalnsL a devoLee woke up and chased hlm shouLlng LhlefLhlef
Pearlng hls crles all Lhe oLher devoLees woke up and caughL Cunanldhl Pe was glven such a
nlce Lhrashlng LhaL proved Lo be faLal and as a resulL Cunanldhl dled
1he ?amaduLs arrlved Lo Lake hls soul Lo yamloka 8uL rlghL Lhen Lhe Shlvaganas arrlved and
prevenLed Lhe ?amaduLas from carrylng hls soul 1hey lnformed Lhe ?amduLas LhaL Cunanldhl
was enLlLled for Shlvaloka as he had devouLly observed Lhe ShlvaraLrl fasL had llsLened Lo Lhe
Lales of Shlva and llghLed up Lhe lamp whlch was abouL Lo go off 1he Shlvaganas also lnformed
Lhe ?amaduLas LhaL ln hls nexL blrLh Cunamldhl would become Lhe klng of kallnga
ln Lhls way Cunanldhl aLLalned Lo Shlvaloka ln hls nexL blrLh he was born as a son of klng
Arlndam Lhe klng of kallnga Pe was named as uama When he was sLlll young hls
faLherArlndam dles So uama succeeded hlm as Lhe klng of kallnga Pe renovaLed all Lhe Shlva
Lemple whlch came under hls [urlsdlcLlon and passed a decree whlch made Lhe worshlp of lord
Shlva compulsory for all Lhe sub[ecLs 8y Lhe blesslngs of lord Shlva he became Lhe klng of
Alkapurl and was known as kubera
uurlng Lhe adma kalpa Sage vlshrawa was born Lo sage ulasLya Lhe manaspuLra of lord
8rahma vlshrawas son vlshrawan ruled over Alkapurl for a long Llme 1hls clLy was
consLrucLed by Lhe delLy vlshwakarma vlshrawan was a greaL devoLee of Lord Shlva uurlng
Lhe kalpa named Meghawahan Cunanldhl dld a Lremendous penance for Len lac years As a
resulL of Lhls penance hls body was reduced Lo skelLon
Lord Shlva became very pleased wlLh hlm and appeared before hlm accompanled by hls
consorL arvaLl Pe Lold Cunanldhl Lo ask for any boon whlch wlll be fulfllled When
Cunanldhl heard Shlvas volce he opened hls eyes buL hls eyes were dazzled by Lhe sheer
radlance of lord Shlva Pe requesLed Shlva Lo resLore Lhe power of slghL ln hls eyes Shlva
blessed hlm as a resulL of whlch he was now able Lo see Lhe dlvlne slghL of lord Shlva 8uL he
became [ealous of uma who was presenL by Lhe slde of Shlva Pe was wonderlng as Lo who was
Lhls lady dearer Lo Shlva Lhan hlm Pe glanced cruelly Lowards her As a resulL of Lhls hls lefL eye
losL Lhe power of slghL arvaLl asked lord Shlva as Lo why was Lhls sage (Cunanldhl) looklng cruelly
Lowards her Shlva replled Pe ls none oLher Lhan your son Pe ls looklng aL you ln
asLonlshmenL as he hls bewlldered aL Lhe feaLs achleved your penance Lord Shlva Lhen blessed
Cunanldhl Lo become Lhe klng of Lhe klngs Pe also assured hlm LhaL he wlll always be presenL ln
Lhe vlclnlLy of Alkapurl AfLer belng blessed by Shlva Cunanldhl also made saluLaLlons Lo
arvaLl
arvaLl sald
Slnce you have looked aL me angrlly your haLred and enemlLy (8alr) Lowards me was clearly
vlslble lor Lhls reason you wlll be known as kuberas AfLer blesslngs Cunanldhl boLh Shlva
and arvaLl Lo a place called valshveshwar kallash mounLaln was slLuaLed near Alkanagrl
SPlvA CCLS 1C kAlLASP
When 8udra Lhe Ansha of Lhe AlmlghLy 8rahma heard abouL Lhe Lremendous penance kubera
was dolng he sLarLed Lo play hls damaru (drum) Lhe sound of whlch reached all Lhe Lhree worlds
8udra Lhen reached Lhe place where kubera was dolng penance
Pearlng Lhe sound of hls damaru all Lhe delLles lncludlng 8rahma vlshnu and Sadashla
appeared before hlm
When kubera saw lord 8udra before hlmself he offered hls seaL Lo hlm and worshlpped hlm
Pe also worshlpped Lhe oLher delLles 8udra was so pleased wlLh kubera LhaL he declded Lo sLay
near hlm Pe called vlshwakarma and ordered hlm Lo conducL hls abode aL kallash mounLaln so
LhaL he could llve ln could llve ln Lhe vlclnlLy of hls greaL devoLee kubera kubera consLrucLed a
beauLlful clLy as per hls lnsLrucLlon An ausplclous momenL was chosen and Shlva wenL Lo llve aL
kallash mounLaln Pe was coronaLed by Lhe delLles 8rahma ln Lhls way Lold narada abouL
Shlvas deparLure Lo kallash mounLaln
SA1l kPAnu
ln Lhe SaLl khand of 8udraSamhlLa narada enqulres lord 8rahma abouL Lhe reason why lord
Shlva marrled SaLl lnsplLe of belng a yogl Pe also requesLed 8rahma Lo Lell how SaLl became
Lhe daughLer of uaksha ra[apaLl and ln her nexL blrLh as uma Lhe daughLer of Plmalaya Pow
dld uma geL lord Shlva as her husband? asked narada
Lord 8rahma narraLed Lhe followlng Lale
A glrl by Lhe name of Sandhya manlfesLed from my belng l was amazed by her heavenly
beauLy 8lghL Lhen a dlvlne enLlLy appeared before me whose beauLy could noL have been
maLched even by Lhe delLles Pe was kamadeva Lhe god of love Pe lnfluenced me Lo such an
exLenL LhaL l forgoL LhaL Sandhya was my daughLer and goL lnfaLuaLed by her
When 8udra came Lo know abouL my lusL for Sandhya he admonlshed me and rldlculed abouL
my characLer l felL ashamed 8uL l also became [ealous of 8udra l declded Lo lnfluence hlm wlLh Lhe
power of lnfaLuaLlon buL l was unsuccessful ln my aLLempLs l remembered lord vlshnu and
he Lrled Lo make me undersLand abouL Lhe fuLlllLy of my aLLempLs as accordlng Lo hlm (vlshnu)
8udra was beyond Lhe reach of any human emoLlons
8uL l lnsLrucLed my son uaksha Lo help ln Lhe procreaLlon of a glrl chlld from Lhe womb of
Ashwlnlvlrlnl 1hus SaLl was born SaLl laLer on became famous of uma and goL 8udra as her
husband on accounL of her Lremendous penance
1hough 8udra was free from all klnds of aLLachmenL buL sLlll he became so lnfluenced by Lhe
deslre for procreaLlon LhaL he marrled wlLh SaLl Pe en[oyed a bllssful marrled llfe for a very long
Llme
8udra faLher ln law uaksha ln hls arrogance sLarLed condemnlng hls son ln law 8udra Cnce
uaksha organlsed a grand yagya ceremony Pe gave lnvlLaLlon Lo everybody excepL 8udra and
uma uesplLe of 8udras dlslncllnaLlon Lo allow SaLl Lo go Lo her faLhers yagya She lnslsLed and
ulLlmaLely she was successful ln convlnclng 8udra Lo allow her Lo go
When SaLl reached Lhere she was noL glven respecL by her faLher uaksha noL only Lhls uaksha
made fun of 8udra leellng dlshonored SaLl gave up her llfe by [umplng lnLo Lhe sacrlflclal flre
When 8udra goL Lhe news of SaLls deaLh he became exLremely furlous 1o Lake revenge he
creaLed veerbhadra from hls locks of halr veerbhadra wenL Lo uaksha place and desLroyed hls
oblaLlon slLe Pe severed uakshas head All Lhe delLles became afrald and prayed Lo 8udra Lo
have mercy 8udra Lhen broughL back uaksha Lo llfe and helped hlm Lhe accompllshed of Lhe sLlll
lncompleLe ?agya 1he slLe where SaLl had dled laLer on became famous as !walamukhl devl
1he same SaLl ln her nexL blrLh was born as arvaLl Lo Plmalaya 8y her Lremendous penance
she agaln goL lord Shlva as her husband
AfLer LhaL lord 8rahma Lold narada abouL Lhe manlfesLaLlon of kama Lhe god of love
MAnllLS1A1lCn Cl kAMA WPC lS Cu8SLu 8?
88APMA
When l became lnfaLuaLed by Lhe dlvlne beauLy of Sandhya my lnfaLuaLlon resulLed lnLo Lhe
manlfesLaLlon of my anoLher ManaspuLra named kamadeva Pls beauLy and quallLles were
lncomparable Pls manlfesLaLlon noL only lnfllcLed me wlLh lusL buL also my oLher ManaspuLras
became fllled up wlLh lusL kamadeva made saluLaLlons Lo me and asked as Lo whaL was hls name
and purpose of belng l gave hlm Lhe name ushpavan and lnsLrucLed hlm Lo help ln Lhe process
of procreaLlon l also blessed hlm LhaL nobody would remaln unaffecLed by hls lnfluence
lncludlng myself and vlshnu
AfLer belng named by lord 8rahma as ushpavan kamadeva was also glven varlous names as
ManmaLh kama Madan eLc by sages llke Mareech eLc 1hey also sald Lo hlm LhaL he would be
marrled Lo 8aLl Lhe daughLer of uaksha kamadeva hlmself was lnfaLuaLed wlLh Lhe beauLy of Sandhya
1o LesL Lhe auLhenLlclLy of
8rahmas boon kamadeva Look ouL hls flve arrows and wanLed Lo examlne Lhelr power 1he
names of Lhelr arrows were Parshan 8ochan Mohan Shoshan and Maran
1hese arrows had effecL on all Lhe people presenL Lhere lncludlng lord 8rahma and Sandhya
CeLLlng affecLed by Lhose arrows fourLy nlne Lypes of LhoughLs emerged ln 8rahmas mlnd
Slmllarly flaws were clearly vlslble ln Sandhyas behavlour
kamdeva became convlnced of hls powers and capablllLles 8uL uharma Lhe manaspuLra of
8rahma was saddened by Lhls evenL Pe prayed Lo lord Shlva
When Lord Shlva saw Lhe condlLlon of 8rahma he became amused and made fun of hlm and hls
ManaspuLras Lverybody was ashamed
uue Lo hls shame 8rahma persplred profusely lrom hls persplraLlon were creaLed Lhe
lLraganas Slmllarly from Lhe persplraLlon of uaksha ra[apaLl was creaLed Lhe mosL beauLlful
woman 8aLl
8rahma was very angry wlLh kamadeva because of whom he was rldlculed by Shlva Pe cursed
hlm and sald ?ou would be charred Lo deaLh by Lhe arrow of Shlva
kamadeva became very scarred and sald LhaL he was only LesLlng Lhe auLhenLlclLy of hls boon and
he had no oLher evll lnLenLlon Pe also requesLed 8rahma noL Lo curse hlm
leellng lLy on hlm 8rahma consoled hlm LhaL alLhough he would deflnlLely geL kllled by Lhe
arrow of Shlvas slghL yeL he would regaln hls physlcal body as soon as Shlva geLs marrled
Lord 8rahma Lhen wenL Lo 8rahmaloka
uaksha requesLed kamadeva Lo geL marrled wlLh hls daughLer 8aLl kamadeva was very pleased
aL Lhls proposal 8oLh kamadeva and 8aLl goL marrled
SAnuP?A uCLS LnAnCL Anu CL1S 8CCn l8CM
SPlvA
Sandhya was very ashamed of herself lor Lhe aLonemenL of her sln she declded Lo do penance
She wenL Lo Chandrabhaga mounLaln and commenced her Lremendous penance
Lord 8rahma Lhen lnsLrucLed vashlshLha Lo go Lo her ln dlsgulse and help ln geLLlng her lnlLlaLed
Pe wenL Lo Chandrabhaga mounLaln ln Lhe gulse of a brahmln and gave Lhe manLra CM
nAMAP SPAnkA8A?A CM Lo her and also Lold her Lhe meLhods of dolng worshlp Lhen he
reLurned back
AfLer sage vashlshLha who was dlsgulsed as brahmln wenL away Sandhaya dld penance as per
hls lnsLrucLlons AfLer Lhe passlng of one ChaLuryuga she had a darshan of lord Shlva Shlva belng
pleased by her devoLlon asked her Lo demand anyLhlng Sandhya sald
nobody should have lusL Lowards Lhe member of hls own clan 1here should be no vlrLuous and
chasLe woman greaLer Lhen me ln Lhls whole world Anybody oLher Lhan my husband who looks
aL me wlLh evll lnLenLlons become an lmpoLenL man
Lord Shlva blessed her by saylng LvamasLu!
Lord Shlva Lhen caLegorlsed Lhe llfespan of a man lnLo four parLs chlldhood adolescence
youLh and old age Pe Lhan Lold her LhaL lL was wrlLLen ln her desLlny Lo dle by burnlng Pe also
advlsed her Lo go and surrender her body ln Lhe sacrlflclal flre of Lhe yagya performed by
MedhaLlLhl 8efore [umplng lnLo Lhe sacrlflclal flre [usL remember anybody whom you wanL as
your husband and your wlsh would be fulfllled ln your nexL blrLh when you would Lake blrLh as
a daughLer of uaksha ra[apaLl ?our faLher uaksha ra[apaLl would marry hls 27 LwenLy
daughLer Lo Moon buL Lhe moon would have affecLlon only Lowards 8ohlnl and resL of hls wlves
would be neglecLed by hlm lor Lhls reason he would be cursed by uaksha All Lhe delLles would
Lake your refuge
AfLer blesslng Sandhya ln Lhe way lord Shlva wenL back Lo kallash mounLaln
SAnuP?A 8C8n AS A8unuPA1l Anu MA88lLS
SACL vASPlSP1PA
When lord Shlva wenL away Sandhya goL up and wenL Lo Lhe place where MedhaLlLhl was
performlng hls yagya She made a menLal resoluLlon Lo have LhaL brahmln as her husband who ln
reallLy was vashlshLha and Lhen enLered lnLo Lhe sacrlflclal flre 1he flre of Lhe yagya burnL her
body and carrled lL Ll Lhe solarsysLem where lL was dlvlded by Lhe sungod lnLo Lhree parLs and
esLabllshed ln hls charloL 1he names of Lhese Lhree parLs were raLahSandhya MadhyanhaSandhya
and SayamSandhya Sandhya's vlLal force was absorbed by lord Shlva
When Lhe yagya ended Lhe sages were surprlsed Lo see Lhe presence of a glrl who was radlaLlng
llke gold ln Lhe sacrlflclal flre 1hey Look ouL LhaL glrl chlld from LhaL yagyakunda 1he sages
Lhen broughL up LhaL glrl wlLh love and affecLlon She was named ArundhaLl
When she aLLalned Lhe age of flve 8rahma vlshnu and Mahesg arrlved and marrled her wlLh
vashlshLha ArundhaLl en[oyed a happy llfe and became famous for her chasLlLy
8rahma Lold narada LhaL slnce Lhe day he was humlllaLed by Shlva he had grudges agalnsL hlm
and wanLed Lo Lake revenge l wanLed Lo subdue Lhe arrogance of Shlva by provlng lL Lo hlm LhaL
even he could be blnded by aLLachmenL l asked uaksha and sages llke Mareech as Lo how Lhls
feaL could be achleved As a resulL 8aLl and kama manlfesLed l lnsLrucLed kama Lo lnfluence
Shlva by hls powers kama agreed buL requesLed me Lo creaLe a sulLably dlvlne women for Shlva
Myself and uaksha became worrled and durlng LhaL Llme we exhaled fragranL alr Lhrough our
nosLrlls whlch resulLed lnLo Lhe creaLlon of sprlng season 1he sprlng season was looklng
dlvlnely beauLlful ln her physlcal form l handed over her Lo kama and Lhus all Lhe Lhree of Lhem (sprlng
season kama and 8aLl) wenL Lo lnfluence lord Shlva who was ln hls deep sLaLe of
medlLaLlon
C8LA1lCn Cl MA8CAnAS Anu kAMAS lu1lLL
A11LM1S
kama Lrled hls besL Lo brlng lord Shlva under hls lnfluence All Lhe llvlng creaLures were spell
bound by hls powers excepL lord Shlva and Canesha
kama reLurned back Lo 8rahma ad Lold hlm abouL hls unsuccessful aLLempLs 8rahma slghed
heavlly lrom hls slghes were creaLed Lhe feroclous ganas 1hese ganas were shouLlng araymaray(klll
klll) 1hey even Lrled Lo aLLack lord 8rahma kama Lhen paclfled Lhe anger of Lhese
ganas 1hese ganas were named as Mar
Lord 8rahma Lhen senL Lhese ganas Lo Shlva along wlLh kama and 8aLl Lo glve lL a second Lry
Cnce agaln Lhelr aLLempLs wenL fuLlle All of Lhem reLurned Lo lord 8rahma and expressed Lhelr
lnablllLy ln lnfluenclng Shlva
Lord 8rahma Lhen remembered vlshnu who appeared lnsLanLaneously 8rahma revealed abouL
hls lnLenLlons Lo hlm Lordvlshnu Lold hlm LhaL lL was foollshness on hls parL Lo have enemlLy
Lowards Shlva 8uL when lord 8rahma kepL on lnslsLlng he revealed Lo hlm LhaL Lhls could be
only achleved by Lhe blesslngs of Coddess arvaLl Lord vlshnu sald
lf she becomes pleased wlLh you Lhen she could help you ln achlevlng your goal by Laklng blrLh
ln a human form and havlng Shlva as her husband lnsLrucL uaksha Lo do penance so LhaL arvaLl
Lakes blrLh ln hls house
uu8CA 8C8n AS uAkSPAS uAuCP1L8 SA1l
AfLer Lord vlshnu wenL away Lord 8rahma sLarLed medlLaLlng on Lhe form of goddess uurga
She appeared before hlm Lord 8rahma sald
l need your help ln blndlng Shlva wlLh your maya
Coddess uurga Lold 8rahma LhaL Lord Shlva ln hls lncarnaLlon of 8udra was beyond Lhe reached
of any klnd of Maya 8uL when 8rahma kepL ln lnslsLlng Lhen goddess uurga agreed Lo help hlm
ln hls efforL She sald
l wlll Lake blrLh as Lhe daughLer of uaksha ra[apaLl and Lry Lo please hlm by my penance
AfLer assurlng Lord 8rahma she vanlshed Lord 8rahma Loo wenL Lo hls abode
WlLh Lhe permlsslon of lord 8rahma uaksha dld penance for Lhree Lhousand years As a resulL
goddess !agdamba appeared before hlm She blessed hlm by saylng LhaL she would Lake blrLh as hls
daughLer and by her Lremendous penance would aLLaln 8udra as her husband 8uL she warned
uaksha LhaL lf he showed any klnd of dlsrespecL Lo her she would end her llfe
WlLh Lhe permlsslon of lord 8rahma uaksha ra[apaLl creaLed many Lhlng [usL by hls menLal
resoluLlon 8uL flndlng Lhe absence of any klnd of evoluLlon and developmenL ln Lhem he wenL Lo
8rahma Lo Lake hls advlce
8rahma lnsLrucLed hlm Lo creaLe by Lhe help of copulaLlon uaksha ra[apaLl Lhen marrled AslkLl
Lhe daughLer of ancha[an 1en Lhousand sons lncludlng Paryasya were born Lo Lhem buL all of
Lhem were dlrecLed by narada Lo follow Lhe paLh of salvaLlon
AfLer LhaL uaksha marrled ancha[anl from whom were born Lhousand of son buL all of Lhem
followed Lhe paLh of salvaLlon and were noL lnLeresLed ln creaLlon narada was lnsLrucLed ln
changlng Lhelr mlnd
uaksha ra[apaLl became very furlous wlLh narada and cursed hlm Lo become an eLernal
wandered Pe sald
?ou wlll never remaln aL a place for long
When lord 8rahma came Lo know abouL uaksha ra[apaLls anger Lowards narada he wenL Lo hlm
and cooled hlm down SubsequenLly slxLy daughLers were born Lo uaksha Pe marrled hls Len
daughLers wlLh uharma LhlrLeen daughLers wlLh kasyap 1wenLy seven daughLers wlLh Moon
Lwo daughLers wlLh 8huLanglras Lwo daughLers wlLh krlshashva and Lhe remalnlng slx daughLers
wlLh Caruda uaksha medlaLed on Lhe form of 8hagawaLl and was lnsLrucLed by her Lo do
penance uaksha dld a Lremendous penance and Lhus was born uma Lo uaksha and vlranl uma
was broughL up wlLh greaL love and affecLlon uma used Lo worshlp lord Shlva by slnglng
devoLlonal songs ln hls pralse
SA1l uCLS LnAnCLSPlvA MA88lLS SA1l
When SaLl aLLalned marrlageable age uaksha sLarLed worrylng SaLl undersLood Lhe reason
behlnd her faLhers worrled She wenL Lo her MoLher vlranl and expressed her deslre of marrylng
lord Shlva
Per moLher made all Lhe arrangemenLs so LhaL SaLl could worshlp Shlva wlLhouL any problem
SaLl commenced her ausLerlLy named nandavraLa whlch conLlnued for a year 8elng lmpressed
by her ausLerlLles all Lhe delLles descended down from heaven Lo see her
All Lhe delLles and Lhe sages requesLed lord Shlva Lo geL marrled buL Shlva dld noL wanL Lo curLall
hls freedom by geLLlng marrled When Lhe delLles lnslsLed he Lold Lhem Lo flnd a sulLable maLch
for hlm
8rahma and vlshnu Lold Shlva abouL Lhe Lremendous penance uma was dolng Lo hlm (Shlva) as
her husband 1hey also requesLed hlm have Lo go Lo her (uma) and fulflll her deslre Lord Shlva
agreed AfLer uma had accompllshed her penance named nandavraL lord Shlva appeared before her
and
asked her Lo demand anyLhlng uma because of her shyness could noL say anyLhlng Lord Shlva
knew abouL her deslre so he sald
?ou wlll have me as your husband
umas face beamed wlLh [oy buL she shyly requesLed lord Shlva Lo keep Lhls proposal before
uaksha Shlva agreed and sald 1aLhasLu Pe Lhen wenL back Lo hls abode kallash
SaLl narraLed Lhe whole sLory Lo her parenLs 8oLh of Lhem became very happy wlLh Lhls news
Lord Shlva Lhen lnsLrucLed 8rahma Lo puL a formal proposal Lo uaksha regardlng hls marrlage
wlLh SaLl Lord 8rahma wenL and lnformed uaksha abouL lord Shlvas proposal uaksha was very
happy aL Lhe proposal 8rahma Lhen came back Lo lord Shlva
Lord Shlva was anxlously walLlng for hls arrlval When Lord 8rahma arrlved he curlously asked
abouL uakshas response When lord 8rahma Lold hlm abouL uakshas approval of Lhe marrlage
Shlva was very pleased aL Lhls
Lord Shlva proceeded Lowards uakshas abode on Lhe ausplclous momenL of halgun
krlshnapaksha and on Lhe LhlrLeenLh day of halgunl nakshaLra SlLLlng on Lhe back of nandl and
accompanled by all Lhe delLles lncludlng lord 8rahma vlshnu he reached uakshas resldence
1he marrlageprocesslon was recelved by uaksha wlLh greaL respecL Shlva narraLed SaLl ln an
ausplclous lagna 8elng pleased all Lhe delLles euloglsed Shlva and danced ln [oy
LC8u 88APMA lACLS 1PL W8A1P Cl SPlvA
uaksha presenLed lnvaluable Lhlngs Lo hls daughLer SaLl as dowry Slmllarly Lhe brahmlns were
presenLed wlLh large quanLlLles of wealLh
Lord 8rahma was enchanLed by Lhe dlvlne beauLy of SaLl WlLh a deslre Lo see her face he puL
logs of wood whlch were weL lnLo Lhe yagnl kunda and poured ghee on Lhem As a resulL Lhe
aLmosphere was fllled up wlLh smoke now 8rahma removed Lhe plece of cloLh whlch covered
her face Pe became lnfaLuaLed by her beauLy When lord Shlva dlscovered abouL hls evll
lnLenLlons he ran Lowards hlm menaclngly Lord Shlva wanLed Lo klll hlm buL Lhe delLles prayed
Lo spare hls llfe Lord vlshnu euloglsed and worshlpped hlm and only Lhen hls anger was
subdued 1hus lord 8rahma was forglven by Shlva
1hough lord Shlva had forglven 8rahma yeL he lnsLrucLed hlm Lo apologlze by bowlng down hls
head 8rahma dld as he was lnsLrucLed Lord Shlva Lhen esLabllshed on hls head 8rahma became
ashamed and asked as Lo how could he aLone for hls slns Lord Shlva lnsLrucLed 8rahma LhaL by
worshlpplng hlm he could approprlaLely aLone for hls slns Pe Lhan lnsLrucLed 8rahma Lo go Lo
Lhe earLh where he would be worshlpped as 8udra Shlr Shlv sald
?our worshlp would help Lhe brahmln ln accompllshlng every klnds of work 1aklng lessons
from you people would noL dare Lo have exLramarlLal affalrs AfLer reachlng kallash mounLaln lord Shlva
lnsLrucLed all hls ganas (aLLendanLs) noL Lo dlsLurb
Lhem (Shlva and ShakLl) When all Lhe ganas wenL away Shlva and ShakLl en[oyed a bllssful
unlon for LwenLy flve uevayears
When Lhe ralny season arrlved ShakLl requesLed Shlva Lo make a resldence ln such a place Lo LhaL
Lhey could noL be dlsLurbed by raln eLc Lord Shlva smlled and sald
uear SaLl! 1he clouds and raln wlll noL dare Lo dlsLurb lf you are presenL by my slde no maLLer
whereever we llve even lf we llve on Lhe peaks of Plmalayas
SaLl requesLed hlm Lo make Plmalaya as hls abode Lord Shlva agreed and boLh lf Lhem shlfLed Lo
Lhelr new abode aL Plmalaya where Lhey llved for Len Lhousand uevayears
lMC81AnCL Cl uLvC1lCn ln kALl ?uCA
SaLl requesLed lord Shlva Lo enllghLen her mlnd by glvlng dlscourses Shlva revealed Lo her Lhe
lmporLance of devoLlon ln Lhe kall ?uga Pe sald LhaL Lhe value of knowledge ([nana) and
asceLlclsm (valragya) would dlmlnlsh Lo Lhe exLenL of exLlncLlon ln Lhe era of kall and only
devoLlon would help a man ln aLLalnlng llberaLlon Lord Shlva sald
l had burnL Lhe Llme (kala) for Lhe beneflL of Lhe devoLees wlLh my Lhlrd eye lor Lhe sake of my
devoLees l even abandoned 8avana wlLhouL any parLlallLy lor Lhe welfare of my devoLees l
even lnsLrucLed nandl Lo punlsh sages vyasa who was exlled ouL of kashl
Shlva preached on many Loplcs llke Lypes of devoLlon yanLra manLra scrlpLures eLc
SA1lS uCu81 A8Cu1 S8l 8AMA
uevarshl narada who was llsLenlng Lo Lhe dlvlne Lales of Shlva narraLed by lord 8rahma wlLh
rapL aLLenLlon requesLed hlm Lo descrlbe abouL oLher characLerlsLlcs of Shlva 8rahma sald
Cnce lord Shlva accompanles by SaLl arrlved aL uandak aranya where Srl 8ama was
wanderlng ln search of SlLa who had been abducLed by 8avana AfLer walklng for some Llme
Lord Shlva saw Srl 8ama and Lakshman Lord Shlva made saluLaLlons Lo Srl 8ama SaLl was
surprlsed aL Shlvas behavlours She asked lord Shlva abouL Lhe reason he made saluLaLlons Lo Srl
8ama Shlva Lold SaLl LhaL he (Srl 8ama) was hls delLy and an lncarnaLlon of lord vlshnu 8uL
SaLl was noL saLlsfled by Lhls reply She wanLed Lo LesL wheLher Srl 8ama was really an
lncarnaLlon of lord vlshnu or noL She dlsgulsed herself as SlLa and wenL Lo Srl 8ama 8uL Srl
8ama recognlsed her real ldenLlLy and addressed her as MoLher SaLl was ashamed buL asked Srl
8ama as Lo why dld Shlva made saluLaLlons Lo her
Srl 8ama narraLed Lhe followlng sLoryCnce lord Shlva requesLed vlshwakarma Lo consLrucL a grand
palace and a magnlflcenL Lhrone
for hlm When everyLhlng was ready Shlva lnvlLed all Lhe delLles for Lhe crownlng ceremony of
lord vlshnu
Lord vlshnu was requesLed Lo be seaLed on Lhe Lhrone and was worshlpped by all Lhe delLles
lncludlng Shlva hlmself Pe assured lord vlshnu LhaL all of hls (vlshnus) lncarnaLlons would be
shown respecLed by hls (Shlvas) devoLees 8ama was Lhe lncarnaLlon of vlshnu
SaLl was now compleLely saLlsfled She was also ashamed of herself LhaL she had doubLed Shlvas
words She wenL Lo lord Shlva
Lord Shlva sLopped looklng aL SaLl as her consorL because she had personlfled herself as moLher
SlLa 1hls facL was even corroboraLed by a heavenly volce now SaLls hearL was fllled up wlLh
sorrows
She followed dlsenchanLed Shlva Lo Lhe kallash mounLaln where he commenced hls medlLaLlon
and wenL lnLo Samadhl She saL down wlLhouL saylng a word When lord Shlva came ouL from hls
Samadhl he saw her sLlre slLLlng Lhelr Pe felL plLy on her and drove away her gullL and sorrows
by glvlng dlscourses
uAkSPAS AnlMCSl1? 1CWA8uS SPlvA
L8lC8MS ?AC?A
Cnce Lhe sages organlsed a yagya aL rayaga whlch was aLLended by all Lhe delLles Lord Shlva
Loo had come accompanles by SaLl Pe was euloglzed and worshlpped by all Lhe delLles and Lhe
sages
uaksha arrlved Lhere and afLer maklng saluLaLlons Lo lord 8rahma saL down wlLhouL showlng any
klnd of respecL Lo Shlva AfLer LhaL all Lhe delLles and Lhe sages came and made saluLaLlons Lo
uaksha buL Shlva saL where he was slLLlng
1he lgnoranL uaksha cursed Shlva LhaL from now onwards hls (Shlvas) share would noL be kepL
ln Lhe yagya
AL Lhls nandl Lhe vehlcle of Shlva became very angry and cursed uaksha LhaL from Loday
onwards Lhe brahmlns would fall Lo undersLand Lhe essence of vedas
Lord Shlva Lhen paclfled nandls anger and boLh of Lhem wenL back Lo Lhelr abode uaksha Loo
wenL back Lo hls place and sLarLed havlng haLred Lowards Shlva
uaksha organlsed a yagya aL kanakhal ln whlch everybody excepL Shlva and SaLl were lnvlLed
Sage uadhlchl arrlved and noL flndlng Lhe seaL for Shlva wenL back saylng LhaL lL was lmposslble
Lo accompllsh a yagya wlLhouL Shlva
1hen uaksha commenced Lhe yagya wlLh Lhe asslsLance of oLher sages who were presenL Lhere When
SaLl saw all Lhe delLles golng happlly she became curlous Lo know where Lhey were golng
She requesLed her companlon Lo ask Lhe moon as Lo where he was golng ln such a cheerful mood
1he moon Lold her companlon LhaL Lhey were golng Lo aLLend Lhe yagya ceremony belng
organlsed by uaksha
SaLl was very surprlsed aL Lhls lnformaLlon She wenL Lo lord Shlva and soughL hls permlsslon Lo
go Lhere Lord Shlva Lhen Lold SaLl LhaL her faLher dld noL lnvlLe Lhem because of Lhe anlmoslLy he
was havlng Lowards hlm (Shlva)
SaLl became very furlous and declded Lo go Lhere Lo know abouL Lhe reason why uaksha was
performlng Lhe yagya wlLhouL lnvlLlng her husbandShlva Shlva senL nandl and oLher rudraganas
as her escorLs
SA1lS ulSPCnC8ClvLS u LllL
When SaLl reached where uaksha was performlng hls yagya she meL her moLher and slsLers
1hey meL her wlLh all Lhe respecL and honor 8uL uaksha dld noL even casLe a glance aL her
lmlLaLlng hlm many oLher people dld Lhe same
8uL SaLl noL boLherlng abouL Lhe dlsrespecL shown Lo her made saluLaLlons Lo boLh her parenLs
When she reached near Lhe yagyamandap she saw LhaL shares of all Lhe delLles was Lhere excepL
LhaL of Shlva She became furlous and asked her faLher as Lo why was Shlva noL lnvlLed Lo Lhe
yagya
uaksha Lhen made fun of Shlva and cursed hlm 1hls made her more angry and she declared LhaL
she would glve up her llfe ln everybodys presence AfLer Lhe declaraLlon her mlnd was engrossed
by Lhe LhoughLs of Shlva
SaLl Lhen saL ln padmasan and closed her yes 8y her yoglc powers she unlLed wlLh Shlva and her
llfeless body fell lnLo Lhe yagyakunda 1hls lncldenL shocked everybody and Lhe rudraganas
furlously plcked up Lhelr weapons 8lghL Lhen a heavenly volce was heard
C mean uaksha! Share on you! ?ou are a slnner and a fool now you are cerLaln Lo face Lhe
wraLh of Shlva 8ecause of your acL Lhe delLles Loo wlll have Lo suffer
uaksha became scarred Pe lmmedlaLely euloglslng lord vlshnu
vLL88PA8uA Cu1S Cll uAkSPAS PLAu
When nandl lnformed Shlva abouL SaLls deaLh he became very furlous Pe angrlly pulled ouL a
lock of halr and dashed lL agalnsL Lhe mounLaln whlch goL dlvlded lnLo Lwo parLs lrom one parL
manlfesLed Lhe vallanL veerbharda and from Lhe oLher parL Mahakall veerbhadra and Mahakall were
lnsLrucLed by Shlva Lo desLroy Lhe yagya of uaksha and Lo klll all
Lhe people who were presenL durlng Lhe Llme of SaLls deaLh lncludlng Lhe delLles and Lhe sages
AfLer geLLlng Lhe lnsLrucLlons from lord Shlva veerbhardra marched wlLh a huge army whlch
lncluded Lhe mlghLy Shlvaganas llke uaklnl 8halrav and kapallsh eLc Coddess kall Lo [olned
hlm wlLh her army whlch conslsLed of all her nlne lncarnaLlons llke kaLyayanl eLc As Lhe army
marched on numerous ausplclous slgns were vlslble
Cn Lhe oLher hand uaksha experlenced many lnausplclous slgns Pls lefL eye lefL army and lefL
Lhlgh sLarLed Lhrobblng Pe saw Lhe vulLures flylng over hls head Pe heard Lhe sounds of [ackals
howllng
uaksha Lhen prayed Lo lord vlshnu Lo rescue hlm from Lhe lmmlnenL wraLh of lord Shlva Lord
vlshnu preached uaksha and sald
uaksha! Slnce you have commlLLed Lhe greaLesL sln by dlshonorlng Shlva and SaLl Lven l can
noL prevenL Lhe calamlLles whlch you are cerLaln Lo face
As lord vlshnu was preachlng uaksha suddenly Lhere was a loud commoLlon 1he army of
veerbhadra had arrlved uaksha was frlghLened and agaln prayed Lo vlshnu Lo save hls llfe
Lord vlshnu agaln expressed hls helplessness and Lold hlm LhaL because of hlm all Lhe delLles Loo
would have Lo suffer
A Lerrlble baLLle was foughL beLween Lhe armles of veerbhadra and Lhe delLles 1he delLles goL
defeaLed and fled away 1hey wenL Lo lord vlshnu and soughL hls help Lord vlshnu declded Lo
flghL on Lhe slde of Lhe delLles
1he baLLle recommenced for Lhe second Llme Lord vlshnu havlng a dual flghL wlLh veerbhadra
and Lhe delLles were flghLlng agalnsL hls army
Suddenly everybody heard a heavenly volce whlch sald LhaL veerbhadra was lnvlnclble Pearlng
Lhls Lord vlshnu and 8rahma wenL Lo Lhelr respecLlve abodes
uaksha ran for hls llfe and hld hlmself behlnd Lhe aLLar where Lhe yagya was belng performed
8uL veerbhadra pulled hlm ouL from Lhere and severed hls head Pe Lhen Lhrew hls head ln Lhe
agnlkunda AfLer Lhls he reLurned back Lo kallash accompanles by hls army
kSPuvAuAuPlCPl llCP1 Anu vlSPnuuAuPlCPl
llCP1
narada who was llsLenlng Lo Lhe dlvlne Lales of Shlva wlLh rapL aLLenLlon was very curlous Lo
know abouL Lhe reasons why lord vlshnu aLLended a yagya where Shlva was noL lnvlLed and why
dld he flghL a baLLle agalnsL veerbhadra desplLe knowlng abouL hls lnvlnclblllLy Lord 8rahma Lold hlm
LhaL all Lhls happened due Lo Lhe curse of Sage uadhlchlln Lhe anclenL Llmes Lhere used Lo llve a klng
named kshuva who was a greaL frlend of Sage
uadhlchl uue Lo some reasons boLh of Lhelr developed anlmoslLy Lowards each oLher uadhlchl
consldered hlmself superlor because of belng a brahmln on Lhe oLher hand kshuva consldered
hlmself superlor on accounL of hls wealLh 1he dlspuLe Look a worsL Lurn and uadhlchl punched
hlm on hls head As a resulL kshuva felL down unconsclous When he regalned hls consclousness
he sLruck sage uadhlchl wlLh hls weapon named va[ra whlch ln[ured uadhlchl
uadhlchl soughL Lhe help of Shukracharya Shukracharya healed hls wounds by hls manLras Pe
also LaughL uadhlchl Lhe mahamrlLyun[ay manLra uadhlchl Lhen dld a Lremendous penance Lo
please lord Shlva Lord Shlva appeared before hlm and blessed hlm wlLh Lhree boons Lhey were
1) hls bones would become as hard as llghLnlng (va[ra) 2) he would noL be kllled 3) he would
never be humlllaLed
Armed wlLh Lhese Lhree boons Sage uadhlchl agaln wenL Lo flghL kshuva Pe klcked hlm ln
reLurn kshuva Loo aLLacked hlm wlLh hls weapon named va[ra buL lL dld noL have any effecL on
uadhlchl as hls bones had become as hard as llghLlng
klng kshuva dld a Lremendous penance Lo please lord vlshnu vlshnu revealed Lo hlm LhaL
uadhlchl had become lmmorLal because of Lhe blesslngs of lord Shlva buL assured hlm LhaL he
would cerLalnly help hlm ln defeaLlng uadhlchl
Lord vlshnu Lhen vlslLed Lhe hermlLage of Sage uadhlchl dlsgulsed as a brahmln Cn belng
asked by uadhlchl abouL Lhe purpose of hls arrlval he sald LhaL he had come wlLh a deslre of a
boon on hls hearL
Sage uadhlchl by hls yoglc power came Lo know abouL Lhe real ldenLlLy of a 8rahmln Pe Lold
LhaL he had been caughL Lord vlshnu was ashamed
Lord vlshnu Lhen wenL back Lo kshuva and lnsLrucLed hlm Lo go Lo sage uadhlchl and acL as lf he
had accepLed hls superlorlLy
kshuva wenL Lo sage uadhlchl and dld as he was lnsLrucLed Lo do buL uadhlchl dld noL belleve
hls words now lord vlshnu became angry and Lrled Lo klll hlm by hls sudarshan chakra buL he
was noL successful as Lhe chakra whlch was glven Lo hlm by lord Shlva hlmself was noL wllllng
Lo harm a devoLee of Shlva
Lord vlshnu Lhen Lrled Lo klll uadhlchl by shooLlng volley of arrows 1he delLles Loo aLLacked
wlLh Lhelr weapon Sage uadhlchl Lhrew a handful of kusha grass lnlLlaLed wlLh manLras Lowards
Lhem whlch desLroyed all Lhe weapons of Lhe delLles
ln Lhe meanLlme lord 8rahma arrlved on Lhe scene accompanles by kshuva Pe Lold Lhe delLles
LhaL lL was fuLlle Lo flghL wlLh uadhlchl as he was lnvlnclble due Lo Lhe boon glven by lord
Shlva ulLlmaLely klng kshuva begged hls forglveness for hls offence uahlchl forgave hlm buL cursed
vlshnu lncludlng all Lhe delLles LhaL Lhey would be burnL Lo ashes by Lhe wraLh of 8udra 1hls
was Lhe reason why all Lhe delLles and lord vlshnu aLLended Lhe yagya organlsed by uaksha and
goL defeaLed by veerbhadra
uAkSPA 8LvlvLu Anu ?AC?A CCMLL1Lu
1he delLles afLer belng defeaLed by veerdbharda wenL Lo 8rahmaloka and narraLed everyLhlng
abouL Lhe desLrucLlon of uakshas yagya and also how hls head was severed by veerbharda
8rahma became very sad 1o brlng uaksha back Lo llfe and Lo accompllsh Lhe sLlll unflnlshed
yagya he wenL Lo lord vlshnu Lo Lake hls help All Lhe delLles accompanled hlm Lord vlshnu
Lold Lhem LhaL lL was wrong on Lhe parL of uaksha Lo have shown dlsrespecL Lo Shlva 1he delLles
were wrong Lo supporL hlm Lord vlshnu Lhen wenL Lo kallash mounLaln accompanled by Lord
8rahma and all Lhe oLher delLles All of Lhem euloglzed and worshlpped Shlva 1hey also
requesLed hlm Lo brlng uaksha back Lo llfe
Lord Shlva became very pleased and agreed Lo make uaksha allve All of Lhem wenL Lo kanakhal
where uaksha had organlsed Lhe yagya ceremony veerbhadra accompanled Lhem When Lhey
reached Lhe slLe Lord Shlva could noL hold hls laughLer afLer seelng Lhe desLrucLlon of Lhe slLe
Anyway he [olned Lhe head of a goaL Lo Lhe Lorso of uakshas body and made hlm allve Pe also
compensaLed for all Lhe losses whlch had been caused by Lhe desLrucLlon All Lhe delLles became
very pleased and Lhey euloglsed Shlva
8ecomlng pleased by Lhe lnvocaLlon and eulogy of Lhe delLles Lord Shlva preached uaksha ln
Lhe followlng way
1he person who has Lhe rlghL knowledge ([nanl) ls Lhe supreme among all human belngs An
acLlon whlch ls performed ln ones lgnorance and [ealousy does noL llberaLe a man from hls world
bondages
C uaksha Lhen accompllshed hls yagya slnglng Lhe pralse of lord Shlva Pe also glve loLs of
donaLlon Lo Lhe brahmlns 1hey everybody reLurned Lo Lhelr respecLlve houses belng fully
saLlsfled
SaLl Lhe daughLer of uaksha was reborn as Caurl Lhe daughLer of Plmalaya and Malna 8y her
Lremendous penance she agaln had lord Shlva as her husband
A8vA1 kPAnu
PlMALA?A MA88lLu MAlnA
narada requesLs lord 8rahma Lo shed llghL on Lhe blrLh of Malna and also Loo she was marrled
wlLh Plmalaya 8rahma sald
AfLer rellnqulshlng her body SaLl Lhe daughLer of uaksha aLLalned Lo Lhe abode of Shlva ln her
nexL blrLh she was born Lo Malna Lhe wlfe of Plmalaya and was known as arvaLl Malna had
done greaL servlce Lo SaLl ln her prevlous llfe conslderlng as her own daughLer lor Lhls reason
she was blessed and goL arvaLl as her daughLer arvaLl dld Lremendous penance and goL lord
Shlva as her husband
ConLlnulng wlLh hls sLory 8rahma sald
Cnce Plmalaya Lhe klng of Lhe mounLalns declded Lo marry wlLh Lhe deslre of expandlng hls
llneage 1he delLles came Lo know abouL hls deslres and so Lhey wenL Lo Lhe lLras and requesLed
Lhem Lo glve Lhelr daughLer Malna so LhaL Plmalaya could marry her 1he lLras agreed aL Lhls
proposal 1hus Malna goL marrled wlh Plmalaya AfLer Lhe marrlage ceremony Lhe delLles
reLurned back Lo Lhelr respecLlve abodes
uaksha had slxLy daughLers Swadha was one of Lhem and was marrled Lo Lhe lLras ln due
course of Llme Lhree daughLers were born Lo Lhem Malna uhanya and kalawaLl Cnce all Lhe
Lhree of Lhem wenL Lo SweLadweepa Lo have a darshan of lord vlshnu 8lghL Lhen sages llke
Sanak Sanadan eLc arrlved Lhere Lverybody presenL Lhere sLood up ln reverence buL Malna
uhanya and kalawaLl could noL ldenLlfy who Lhey were and hence Lhey remalned slLLlng noL
only LhaL Lhey dld noL even make any saluLaLlons Lo Lhem
1he sages became angry and cursed Lhem Lo be born as humans ln Lhelr nexL blrLh Malna
uhanya and kalawaLl became very afrald and requesLed Lo be pardoned
Sages Sanak feellng plLy on Lhem Lold LhaL Malna would become Lhe wlfe of Plmalaya ln her
nexL blrLh and glve blrLh Lo arvaLl Slmllarly uhanya would be marrled Lo klng !anaka and SlLa
would be born Lo Lhem slmllarly kalawaLl would be marrled Lo vrlshbhan and 8adha would be
born Lo Lhem Sage Sanak also Lold Lhem LhaL ln Lhls way all Lhree of Lhem would aLLaln Lo Lhe
heaven
8rahma Lold narada LhaL afLer geLLlng marrled wlLh Malna Plmalaya en[oyed a happy marrled
llfe for a long Llme
Cnce lord vlshnu pald a vlslL Lo hls place accompanled by all Lhe delLles Plmalaya was very
pleased by hls arrlval AfLer maklng saluLaLlons he asked for Lhe purpose of Lhelr vlslL
1he delLles revealed Lo Lhem LhaL very soon Lhe lncarnaLlon of SaLl arvaLl ls golng Lo Lake blrLh
1herefore C Plmalaya! 8e prepared for LhaL glorlous occaslon Sald Lhe delLles
Plmalaya was very pleased aL Lhls news 1he delLles sLarLed lnvocaLlng uma
8elng pleased by Lhe lnvocaLlon made by Lhe delLles Coddess uma assured Lhe delLles abouL her arrlval
ln Lhls world She Lold LhaL her lncarnaLlon would Lake place ln Lhe house of Plmalaya and by Lhe vlrLues
of
her Lremendous penance she would geL lord Shlva as her husband She also Lold Lhe delLles LhaL she was
saLlsfled by Lhe servlce of Malna done Lo her ln Lhe prevlous llfe AfLer belng assured Lhe delLles wenL
back saLlsfled
8l81P Cl A8vA1l
Plmalaya and Malna commenced Lhelr penance wlLh Lhe ob[ecLlve of geLLlng uma as Lhelr
daughLer Malna dld a Lremendous penance whlch lasLed for LwenLyseven years
Coddess uma became very pleased by her penance She appeared before her and asked her Lo
demand anyLhlng she wlshed for Malna expressed her deslre of havlng one hundred vallanL sons
and a daughLer who would be worshlpped by Lhe people ln all Lhe Lhree worlds
Coddess uma blessed her by saylng 1aLhasLu Malna narraLed Lhls lncldenL Lo her husband
Plmalaya Pe became very pleased ln due course of Llme one hundred sons were born L o Malna
Cne of Lhe sons was Malnak who possessed supreme quallLles uue Lo some reasons lndra had
severed Lhe wlngs of Malnaks nlneLynlne broLhers buL by Laklng Lhe refuge of ocean Malnak
was able Lo survlve Lhe assaulL of lndras va[ra
Plmalaya and Malna engaged Lhemselves ln Lhe worshlp of Shlva and ShakLl day and nlghL
AfLer some days arvaLl manlfesLed herself by Laklng blrLh AfLer her blrLh Lhe whole
mounLaneous reglon of Plmalaya became lllumlnaLed by her radlance
AfLer Laklng her blrLh arvaLl gradually sLarLed growlng up varloua names glven Lo her llke
Clr[a uma and !agdamba Plmalaya and Malna felL proud of Lhelr faLe whlch had made Lhem
Lhe parenLs of an lncarnaLlon Seelng Lhe chlldhood plays of uma Lhelr hearLs knew no bounds
Cne day sage narada arrlved Lhere Plmalaya requesLed hlm Lo sLudy Lhe palm of arvaLl as he
was curlous Lo know abouL her fuLure AfLer sLudylng Lhe llnes of Lhe palm narada predlcLed LhaL
arvaLl was desLlned Lo be Lhe wlfe of an enLlLy who would be beyond Lhe reach of all Lhe Lhree
quallLles Pe also revealed Lo Lhem LhaL her husband would be devold of any flaws and would be
self born8udra
narada Lold Plmalaya LhaL Lo have 8udra as her husband arvaLl wlll have Lo accompllsh greaL
ausLerlLles and penance narada Lhen wenL away
When uma had aLLalned Lhe marrlagable age Malna requesLed her husband a sulLable
brldegroom for her Plmalya Lold her LhaL Lhe words of narada would never go ln valn hence
uma should be asked Lo do penance so LhaL she could have 8udra as her husband
8uL Malna was dlslncllned ln forclng her Lender daughLer arvaLl ln Lo such hardhslps llke
penance arvaLl Lhen Lold Malna abouL her dream ln whlch she had seen a brahmln lnsLrucLlng
her Lo do penance ln order Lo have 8udra as her husband
Malna Lold Plmalaya abouL arvaLls dream Plmalaya Lhen revealed Lo Malna abouL hls own
dream ln whlch he had seen lord Shlva dolng penance aL kallash mounLaln Pe had Lrled Lo glve arvaLl
Lo hlm (Shlva) was unwllllngly Lo have her servlce 8uL Shlva ulLlmaLely changed hls
mlnd afLer belng saLlsfled by arvaLls replles
Plmalaya sald l saw ln my dream LhaL arvaLl had pleased Shlva by her Lremendous penance
and ulLlmaLely boLh of Lhem goL marrled Malna was saLlsfled and walLed eagerly for LhaL
ausplclous momenL
1PL 8l81P Cl 8PAuM MA8S
Cnce when Lhe ganas of Shlva pralsed Lhe glory of moLher SaLl lord Shlva became over[oyed
[usL llke an ordlnary human belng ln hls [oy he Lravelled all around Lhe Lhree world wlLhouL any
cloLhes on hls body Pe reLurned back Lo kallash and wenL lnLo medlLaLlon
Whlle he was engrossed ln hls Samadhl Lhree drops of persplraLlon orlglnaLed from hls forehead
fell down on Lhe earLh lrom Lhose drops manlfesLed a very beauLlful lnfanL who was of reddlsh
complexlon and who had four arms
Seelng Lhe chlld lord Shlva became concerned abouL hls upbrlnglng 8lghL Lhen moLher earLh
manlfesLed and lord Shlva enLrusLed Lhe [ob of chllds upbrlnglng 1he chlld was broughL up by
moLher earLh wlLh greaL love and care 1he chlld was named 8haum as he was nurLured and
broughL up by 8huml (earLh)
When Lhe chlld grew up he wenL Lo kashl and dld a Lremendous penance Lo please lord Shlva
Lord Shlva became pleased wlLh hlm and blessed hlm by granLlng hlm Mangalloka whlch was
superlor even Lo Lhe Shukraloka 1he same 8hauma ls esLabllshed ln Lhe solar sysLem by Lhe
name of Mars
SPlvA A88lvLS A1 PlMALA?A Anu CCnvL8SA1lCn
Wl1P A8vA1l
Cne day lord Shlva accompanled by hls ganas llke 8hrlngl nandl eLc arrlved aL Plmalaya wlLh
Lhe purpose of dolng penance When arvaLl faLher Plmalaya came Lo know abouL hls arrlval he
wenL Lo recelve hlm AfLer he had made hls saluLaLlons Lo Shlva he was lnsLrucLed by Shlva Lo
see LhaL he ls noL dlsLurbed whlle dolng hls penance
Plmalaya made all Lhe necessary arrangemenLs so LhaL Lord Shlva could perform hls penance
wlLhouL belng dlsLurbed Cne day Plmalaya arrlved aL Lhe place where lord Shlva was dolng hls
penance arvaLl Loo came along wlLh hlm Plmalaya requesLed hlm Lo keep arvaLl so LhaL she
could be aL hls servlce Lord Shlva decllned Lo keep her wlLh hlm fearlng her presence mlghL
cause hlndrance ln Lhe paLh of hls penance now Plmalaya became very concerned abouL hls
daughLers fuLure and wandered wheLher arvaLl would remaln unmarrled
When arvaLl saw her faLher becomlng worrled by Shlvas response she declded Lo lnLervene She
sald Lo lord Shlval am rakrlLl (naLure) and you are Lhe urusha (almlghLy) ?ou exlsL ln Lhe Sagun
form (wlLh
form) because of me ln my absence you wlll flnd lL lmposslble even Lo exlsL
Lord Shlva was lmpressed by her knowledge Pe allowed her Lo be presenL near her Plmalaya
and arvaLl became very pleased
arvaLl used Lo come dally aL Lhe place where lord Shlva was dolng hls penance Per companlons
Loo used Lo come along She used Lo engaged herself ln Lhe worshlp of lord Shlva wlLh greaL
devoLlon
1hough lord Shlva was very much lmpressed by her devoLlon buL he declded LhaL he wonL marry
her unLll she has proved her meLLle by her Lremendous penance
1he delLles were LormenLed by a demon named 1arakasur 1hey wenL Lo lord 8rahma Lo seek hls
help Lord 8rahma sends kamadeva Lo dlsLurb Lhe Samadhl of Shlva so LhaL belng lnfluenced
by hlm Shlva marrled arvaLl and ulLlmaLely kllls 1arakasur
1hls aLLempL of 8rahma was unsuccessful Shlva burnL kamadeva wlLh Lhe help of hls Lhlrd eye
arvaLl Lhen redoubled her efforL Lo aLLracL Lhe aLLenLlon of Shlva by engaglng herself ln a
Lremendous penance
1PL 8l81P Cl vA!8AnC
narada was curlous Lo know abouL 1arakasur Pe asked 8rahma Lo narraLe hls Lale
8rahma sald
kashyapaLhe son of Marlchl had LhlrLeen wlves ulLl was Lhe eldesL among Lhem She was Lhe
moLher of Plranyakashlpu and Plranyaksha 8oLh her sons were kllled by lord vlshnu ln hls
lncarnaLlons of nrlslmha and varaha respecLlvely ulLl became very sad by Lhe deaLh of her sons
AfLer somLlme she agaln became pregnanL buL Lhe foeLus was desLroyed by lndras weapon va[ra
ln Lhe womb lLself Powever lndra was noL able Lo desLroy Lhe foeLus compleLely buL was only
successful ln dlvldlng Lhe foeLus lnLo forLynlne parLs 1hese forLynlne parLs laLer on became
famous as Maraudganas
Agaln ulLl gave blrLh of va[rang who was very vallanL and brave When he grew up ulLl
ordered hlm Lo defeaL Lhe delLles WlLh hls moLhers permlsslon and blesslngs va[rang defeaLed
Lhe delLles and held Lhem capLlve Pe fasLened all Lhe delLles WlLh sLrlngs and hlmself became
Lhe klng of heaven
Seelng Lhe plLable sLaLe of Lhe delLles l (8rahma) wenL Lo va[rang accompanled by kashyapa and
requesLed hlm Lo free Lhe delLles va[rang agreed Lo free Lhem buL sald he dld noL have any
asplraLlon of becomlng Lhe klng of heaven he only wanLed Lo Leach a lesson Lo lndra va[rang reLurned
Lhe heaven Lo Lhe delLles LaLer on Lhe marrled varan[l who had been creaLed by
me (8rahma) Whlle va[rang was of vlrLuous naLure varangl was meL
8l81P Cl 1A8AkASu8 Anu PlS LnAnCL
varangl gave blrLh Lo 1arakasur Lhe vallanL and brave demon uurlng Lhe Llme of hls blrLh Lhe
world was affecLed by lnausplclous evenLs llke earLhquakes cyclones eLc Pls name 1arakasur
was glven by kashyapa
AfLer he grew up 1arakasur wenL Lo Madhuvan Lo do penance Pls Lremendous penance scarred
Lhe delLles 8ecomlng pleased by hls penance lord 8rahma appeared before hlm and asked hlm
Lo demand anyLhlng
1arakasur demanded Lwo boons Lhere should be no man as powerful as hlm and excepL Shlvas
son nobody should be able Lo klll hlm Lord 8rahma blessed hlm by saylng 1aLhasLu
AfLer recelvlng Lhe boons 1arakasur reLurned back Lo 8onlLpur and was crowned as Lhe klng by
Shukracharya Pe Lhen defeaLed Lhe delLles and drove Lhem ouL from Lhe heaven now lL came
under Lhe rule of Lhe demons
AfLer belng drlven away from Lhe heaven Lhe delLles wenL Lo lord 8rahma Lo seek hls help 1hey
asked hlm as Lo how Lhey could geL rld of Lhls menace called 1arakasur
8rahma revealed Lo Lhe delLles LhaL 1arakasur could be kllled only by such a person whose
parenLs are Shlva and arvaLl Pe also advlsed Lhem Lo make efforLs so LhaL Shlva agrees Lo
marry arvaLl
Lord 8rahma Lhem wenL Lo 1arakasur who had now become Lhe klng of heaven and Lrled Lo
convlnce hlm Lo reLurn lL back Lo Lhe delLles 1arakasur agreed Lo rellnqulsh Lhe heaven and glve
lL back Lo Lhe delLles 1he delLles wenL back Lo Lhe heaven
kAMAuLvA 8LuuCLu 1C ASPLS 8? SPlvA
Lord 8rahma Lold narada LhaL Lhe delLles declded Lo send kamadeva Lo lnfluence lord Shlva so
LhaL Lhe marrlage beLween hlm and arvaLl ls fellclLaLed
lndra called kamadeva and Lold hlm LhaL Lhe demon klng 1arakasur could be kllled only by such
a person who was Lhe son of Shlva and arvaLl lndra lnsLrucLed kamadeva Lo arouse passlon ln
lord Shlva so LhaL he agrees Lo marry arvaLl
kamadeva accompanled by hls wlfe 8aLl wenL Lo lord Shlva Lo accompllsh hls mlsslon
AfLer reachlng Lhe place where lord Shlva was engrossed ln hls medlLaLlon kamadeva made
repeaLed aLLempLs Lo arouse passlon ln Lhe hearL of lord Shlva buL hls acLlons were no avall 8lghL Lhen
kamadeva saw arvaLl arrlvlng accompanled by her companlons She was looklng
dlvlne ln her beauLy !usL aL LhaL momenL lord Shlva Loo had come ouL of hls medlLaLlonal Lrance
kamadeva LhoughL LhaL lL was Lhe mosL approprlaLe momenL Lo have a go
kamadeva sLruck lord Shlva wlLh hls kamabana whlch dld have a deep lmpacL on hlm Lord
Shlva was sLruck by Lhe awesome beauLy of arvaLl and hls hearL became full of passlon for her
8uL aL Lhe same Llme he was surprlsed aL Lhe sudden change ln hls behavlour Pe reallzed LhaL lL
was an acL of kamadeva
Lord Shlva looked all around hlm Pe saw kamadeva sLandlng Lowards hls lefL slde wlLh a bow
and arrows ln hls hands now he was fully convlnceed LhaL lL was lndeed an acL of kamadeva
kamadeva became Lerrlfled he sLarLed rememberlng god buL before Lhe delLles could come aL hls
rescue Lhe Lhlrd eye of lord Shlva goL opened and kamadeva was reduced Lo ashes
arvaLl goL scarred afLer seelng Lord Shlva ln such a desLrucLlve anger She wenL Lo her house
along wlLh her companlons 8aLl Lhe wlfe of kamadeva wepL unconsolably
1he delLles arrlved and consoled her by saylng LhaL by Lhe grace of lord Shlva her husband
would be allve once agaln AfLer LhaL Lhe delLles wenL near lord Shlva and dld hls worshlp 1hey
Lold hlm LhaL lL was noL Lhe faulL of kamadeva as he had acLed ln accordance wlLh Lhe asplraLlons
of Lhe delLles 1hey also Lold hlm Lhe mysLery of 1arakasurs deaLh 1he delLles Lhen requesLed
hlm Lo make kamadeva allve once agaln
Lord Shlva Lold Lhe delLles LhaL kamadeva would Lake blrLh as Lhe son of krlshna and 8ukmlnl ln
Lhe era of dwapar A demon by Lhe name of Shambar would Lhrow hlm off ln Lhe sea Pe would
klll LhaL demon and marry 8aLl who Loo would be llvlng ln a clLy near Lhe sea
8uL Lhe delLles were noL saLlsfled 1hey requesLed lord Shlva Lo help 8aLl Lo unlLe wlLh her
husband Lord Shlva Lhen Lold Lhem LhaL kamadeva would become hls gana buL he also warned
Lhem agalnsL reveallng Lhls facL Lo anybody 8aLl Lhen wenL Lo Lhe clLy where Lhe demon Shambar
was expecLed Lo appear ln Lhe era of dwapar 1he delLles Loo wenL back Lo Lhe heaven
Lord Shlvas anger dld noL subslde afLer Lhe deaLh of kamadeva and Lhe whole world sLarLed Lo
feel Lhe wraLh of lord Shlvas fury All Lhe llvlng creaLures became Lerrlfled 1hey wenL Lo lord
8rahma and prayed Lo hlm Lo save Lhem from Shlvas wraLh
Lord 8rahma wenL Lo lord Shlva and conveyed Lhelr requesL Lo hlm Lord Shlva agreed Lo
rellnqulsh hls anger Lord 8rahma Lhen carrled Shlvas fury Lo Lhe sea and wenL Lo Lhe sea Pe
requesLed Lhe sea Lo posses lL unLll Lhe flnal annlhllaLlon 1he sea agreed Lo do Lhls 1hls way
Lord Shlvas fury enLered lnLo Lhe sea and all Lhe llvlng creaLures felL a slgn of rellef
nA8AuA 8LACPLS A8vA1l uCLS LnAnCLWhen arvaLl reached her home she became very sad as
she was unable Lo bear Lhe sorrow of
Shlvas separaLlon Sage narada arrlved Lhere Per faLher Plmalaya narraLed Lhe whole sLory Lo
hlm
Sage narada Lhen gave Lhe flve leLLered manLra CM nAMAP SPlvA? Lo her and he also
lnsLrucLed her Lo do penance arvaLl hearL was fllled up wlLh new enLhuslasm
AfLer Laklng Lhe permlsslon of her parenLs and rellnqulshlng all of her ornamenLs and royal
apparels arvaLl wenL Lo Lhe same place where Lord Shlva hlmself had done penance 1hls
sacred place was slLuaLed aL Lhe Plmalayas from where Lhe holy Canges orlglnaLed arvaLl
companlons Loo had accompanled her
arvaLl commenced her penance whlch gradually became severer day by day She dld penance
for Lhree Lhousand years by chanLlng Lhe flve leLLered manLra CM nAMAP SPlvA? and
performlng oLher klnds of ausLerlLles 8ecomlng lmpressed by her Lremendous penance even Lhe
delLles flocked Lo see her arvaLl dld her penance surrounded by flre on all her sldes durlng
summer ln ralny season she dld her penance wlLhouL any shelLer and durlng wlnLer she used Lo
do penance by lmmerslng herself ln neck deep waLer
arvaLls power creaLed such heaL ln Lhe aLmosphere LhaL Lhe whole world sLarLed Lo burn All Lhe
delLles and sages wenL Lo lord 8rahma and Lold hlm abouL Lhe effecLs arvaLls penance was
havlng on all Lhe Lhree worlds
Lord 8rahma accompanled by all of Lhem wenL Lo vlshnu 1hey vlslLed Lhe place where arvaLl
was dolng her penance 1hey reallzed LhaL lord Shlva was Lhe only remedy and hence all of Lhem
wenL Lo lord Shlva and made saluLaLlons Lo hlm
Lord Shlva enqulred abouL Lhe purpose of Lhelr arrlval Lord vlshnu Lhen revealed Lo hlm LhaL
how dlsLressed and LormenLed were Lhe delLles by Lhe acLlvlLles of Lhe demon 1arakasur
Pe also Lold Shlva LhaL he could be kllled by such a person who ls born ouL of Lhe parenLage of
Shlva and arvaLl Lord vlshnu Lhen Lold Shlva abouL arvaLls penance
lnlLlally lord Shlva refused Lo comply wlLh Lhelr requesL buL when Lhe delLles conLlnued wlLh Lhelr
lnslsLence he ulLlmaLely gave hls conscenL 1he delLles became very pleased
A8vA1lS LCvL lC8 SPlvA 1LS1Lu 8?
SA1A8lSPlS Anu SPlvA
AfLer Lhe delLles wenL back lord Shlva summoned Lhe SapLarlshls (vashlshLha eLc) and lnsLrucLed
Lhem Lo LesL arvaLls love for hlm 1he SapLarlshls wenL Lo arvaLl and LesLed her resolve Lo
marry lord Shlva 1hey Lrled Lo deLer her by all means buL arvaLl was flrm ln her resolve 1hey
wenL back Lo lord Shlva and narraLed Lhe whole sLory Lord Shlva Lhen hlmself wenL Lo arvaLl ln Lhe
gulse of a brahmln arvaLl on seelng a brahmln
welcomed her wlLh full honor
Shlva asked arvaLl as Lo why was she dolng penance arvaLl Lold hlm LhaL she wanLed Lo have
Shlva as her husband Lord Shlva who was ln Lhe gulse of a brahmln sLarLed curslng Shlva Lo see
how arvaLl reacLed Lo lL
arvaLl replled LhaL lnsplLe of her penance Shlva dld noL appear so she has declded Lo glve up her
llfe ln burnlng pyre AfLer saylng llke Lhls arvaLl requesLed Lhe 8rahmln Lo go back and she
herself enLered lnLo Lhe burnlng pyre buL remalned unharmed Lord Shlva was very pleased Lo see
her flrm resolve and devoLlon Pe agaln asked her as Lo whaL was Lhe purpose behlnd dolng such
a Lremendous penance
arvaLl Lold Lhe brahmln who ln reallLy was Shlva hlmself LhaL she wanLed Lo have Shlva as her
husband aL any cosL She sald
?ou say LhaL lord Shlva does noL possess anyLhlng noL even wealLh Pe does noL puL on cloLhes
on hls body ?ou also say LhaL he ls noL flL Lo be a brldegroom of me 8uL all of your uLLerances
prove your mean lnLelllgence
arvaLl conLlnulng wlLh her sLaLemenLs sald LhaL Shlva was Lhe mosL capable delLy ln all Lhe Lhree
worlds 1here ls no sln greaLer Lhan condemnlng Shlva sald arvaLl
As Shlva who was ln Lhe gulse of 8rahmln was abouL Lo say someLhlng arvaLl sald Lo one of her
companlons
1hls condemner should be kllled lf Lhls ls noL posslble Lhen we musL leave Lhls place aL once
As she was abouL Lo leave LhaL place lord Shlva revealed hls Lrue ldenLlLy and by holdlng her
hand sald ?ou have been my wlfe slnce Llme lmmemorlal where are you golng?
arvaLl became very pleased and her hearL was fllled up wlLh exLreme [oy She requesLed hlm Lo
Lake Lo her faLher regardlng Lhelr marrlage Lord Shlva agreed Pe wenL back Lo kallash
mounLaln and narraLed Lhe whole sLory Lo hls Canas nandl 8halrav eLc Lveryone became very
happy and awalLed eagerly for Lhe day Shlva would marry arvaLl
SPlvA uLMAnu A8vA1l AS PlS CCnSC81
arvaLl afLer successfully accompllshlng her penance came back Lo her home Lverybody was
happy aL her arrlval
AfLer someLlme Plmalaya wenL ouL Lo Lake hls baLh ln Lhe rlver Canges Meanwhlle lord Shlva
arrlved ln hls appearance of naLara[ and sLarLed danclng ln fronL of arvaLls moLher Malna She
was so pleased by hls dance LhaL she wanLed Lo presenL [ewels Lo hlm ln appreclaLlon buL Shlva
refused Lo Lake Lhem Pe expressed hls deslre Lo marry arvaLl whlch made Malna furlous ln Lhe
meanLlme Plmalaya arrlved and she lnformed hlm whaL Shlva had sald Pe became angry
Loo and ordered hls aLLendanLs Lo drlve away naLara[ (Shlva) from LhaL place Shlva Lhen showed
hls dlvlne appearance due Lo whlch Plmalaya had Lhe vlslon of Lord vlshnu and arvaLl slLLlng
by Lhe slde of lord Shlva ln hlm Plmalaya was very surprlsed
Lord Shlva agaln demanded arvaLl Lo be made as hls consorL buL Plmalaya ln hls lgnorance
agaln refused lL naLara[ Lhen reLurned back Lo hls abode
AfLer Shlva wenL back Plmalaya had a feellng LhaL perhaps lL was lord Shlva hlmself who had
arrlved ln Lhe appearance of narara[ Pe reallzed whaL a grave blunder had been commlLLed
8ecause of Lhelr gullL consclousness boLh Malna and Plmalaya felL Lhe germlnaLlon of devoLlon
ln Lhelr hearL
lndra and Lhe oLher delLles became afrald when Lhey saw boLh Plmalaya and Malna havlng deep
devoLlon Lowards lord Shlva 1hey apprehended LhaL lf Plmalaya happlly agrees Lo marry arvaLl
wlLh Shlva Lhen he would no longer llve on Lhe earLh Pe would aLLaln salvaLlon Pls deparLure
would make Lhe earLh devold of [ewels and oLher klnds of wealLh
1o prevenL Lhls from happenlng Lhey wenL Lo 8rlhaspaLl and requesLed hlm Lo lnfluence
Plmalayas mlnd by condemnlng Shlva 8uL 8rlhaspaLl refused Lo comply
1he delLles Lhen wenL Lo lord 8rahma and made Lhe same requesL 8rahma refused Lo meeL Lhelr
demand
now Lhe delLles wenL Lo lord Shlva and requesLed hlm noL Lo marry arvaLl as lL would make Lhe
earLh devold of all klnds of wealLh Lord Shlva feellng plLy agreed Lo help Lhem
Lord Shlva wenL Lo Plmalaya ln Lhe gulse of a hermlL and sLarLed curslng hlmself (Shlva) Malna
was deeply lnfluenced by Lhe hermlLs word and declded noL Lo marry arvaLl wlLh Shlva She also
LhreaLened Lo glve up her llfe along wlLh arvaLl lf arvaLl was marrled wlLh Shlva agalnsL her
wlsh
Lord Shlva summoned Lhe SapLarlshls and lnsLrucLed Lhem Lo convlnce Malna and Plmalaya Lo
marry arvaLl wlLh hlm so LhaL 1arakasur could be kllled Pe feared LhaL hls acLlons would have
creaLed many mlsconcepLlons ln Lhelr mlnds
1he SapLarlshls wenL Lo Plmalaya and Lrled Lo make hlm so LhaL 1arakasur could be kllled Pe
feared LhaL hls acLlons would have creaLed many mlsconcepLlons ln Lhelr mlnds
1he SapLarlshls wenL Lo Plmalaya and Lrled Lo make hlm undersLand LhaL Lhere was noL any oLher
way ouL Lhan marrylng arvaLl wlLh Shlva 1hey also warned boLh Plmalaya and Malna lf Lhey
dld noL glve Lhelr conscenL Lo marry arvaLl wlLh Shlva Lhen she would be forclbly abducLed by
hlm (Shlva) causlng deaLh and desLrucLlon Lo Lhelr whole clan 1he SapLarlshls Lhen narraLed Lhe
followlng sLoryAnA8An?A 1PL klnC1here was a klng named Anaranya who belonged Lo Lhe llneage of
fourLeenLh Manulndrasavarnl Pe was a greaL devoLee of lord Shlva Pe had flve queens from whom one
hundred
sons and a very beauLlful daughLer named adma were born
When adma grew up Lhe klng sLarLed looklng for a sulLable maLch Cne day whlle adma was
Laklng her baLh ln Lhe 8hadra rlver sage lppalada arrlved Lhere Pe became enchanLed by
admas beauLy
AfLer gaLherlng lnformaLlons abouL her from Lhe people he wenL Lo klng Anaranya and expressed
hls wlsh Lo marry adma Pe LhreaLened hlm of dlre consequences lf she was noL marrled Lo her
Anaranya became frlghLened and gave hls daughLer Lo hlm Sage lppalada happlly wenL away
accompanled by adma 8uL boLh Lhe klng and Lhe queen wenL Lo Lhe foresL because of Lhe sorrow
of glvlng Lhelr young daughLer Lo an old sage 1he queen dled because of her grlef 1he klng
because of hls deep devoLlon Lowards Shlva aLLalned Lo Lhe abode of Shlva
AuMA Anu lALAu
Cn Lhe requesL of Plmalayas Sage vashlshLha who was one of Lhe SapLarlshls narraLed Lhe sLory
of adma Lhe prlncess and sage lppalad
AL Lhe Llme of hls marrlage sage lppalad was old and weak buL sLlll adma devoLely performed
Lhe duLles of a falLhful wlfe
1o LesL her falLhfulness Lowards her husband uharmara[ arrlved aL Lhe bank of LhaL rlver where
adma was Laklng her baLh Pe was ln Lhe gulse of a young and handsome prlnce Pe coaxed
adma Lo leave behlnd her old husband and come along wlLh hlm adma became furlous and
cursed hlm uharmara[ became very pleased and revealed hls Lrue ldenLlLy Pe also asked as Lo
how Lhe effecLs of her curse could be nulllfled
adma Lold her LhaL hls slns would resulL ln havlng four legs durlng Lhe era of SaLya buL Lhey
reduced Lo Lhree durlng Lhe era of LreLa whlch would agaln reduced Lo Lwo legs durlng Lhe era of
uwapar and ulLlmaLely he would have only one leg durlng Lhe era of kall adma also Lold her
LhaL even hls slngle leg would dlsappear durlng Lhe endlng phase of kall 1hls would
aproprlaLely acL as an aLonemenL for your slns sald adma
uharmara[ blessed her by saylng LhaL she would have Len sons and also LhaL her husband would
possess youLh and long llfe for eLernlLy
AfLer llsLenlng Lo Lhls sLory Plmalaya agreed Lo marry arvaLl wlLh Shlva 1he SapLarlshls Lhen
wenL back Lo lord Shlva and gave Lhe good news Lo hlm
Plmalaya Lhen requesLed sage Carga Lo prepare a beauLlful LagnaaLrlkas whlch were Lhen senL
Lo hls near and dear ones Pe Lhen requesLed vlshwakarma Lo consLrucL a beauLlful mandap for
Lhe marrlage whlch was consLrucLed by hlm ln a very shorL Llme LC8u SPlvAS MA88lACL
8CCLSSlCnulvlnL
LA?S
Lord Shlva lnvlLed all of hls Canas Lo Lhe marrlage ceremony Pe also lnsLrucLed sage narada Lo
lnLlmaLe all Lhe delLles sages and Lhe celesLlal enLlLles
AfLer geLLlng Lhe lnvlLaLlon from Shlva everybody sLarLed maklng preparaLlons Lo be a parL of
Shlvas marrlageprocesslon 1he seven moLhers 8rahml Maheshwarl kaumarl valshnavl
varahal Alndrl and Chamunda dressed hlm up beauLlfully Shlva Lhen performed all Lhe
necessary karmas Lo paclfy Lhe planeL AL lasL Lhls wonderful marrlageprocesslon of Shlva
proceeded Lowards Lhe lnlaws house
Shlva proceeded wlLh hls marrlage processlon whlch consldered of crores of hls Canas and
delLles llke vlshnu who were boarded on Lhelr vehlcles Lven narada and Lord 8rahma were
presenL ln hls (Shlvas) marrlage processlon
llrsL of all Shlva senL narada Lo Plmalayas house Lo lnform hlm abouL Lhelr (marrlage
processlon) arrlval Plmalaya senL hls son Malnak Lo recelve Lhem
When Malna saw LhaL Lhe marrlage processlon was comlng she curlously Lold narada abouL her
deslre Lo see her son ln law
Shlva undersLood Lhe arrongance whlch her deslre conLalned Pe wanLed Lo Leach her a lesson Pe
senL all Lhe delLles one by one Malna mlsLook each one of Lhem Lo be Shlva buL was laLer
lnformed by narada LhaL ln facL Lhey were noL Shlva buL Lhe aLLendanLs of Shlva
Malna was very dellghLed and wondered how handsome Lhe masLer (Shlva) musL be lf Lhe
aLLendanLs were so handsome 8lghL Lhen Shlva arrlved wlLh hls Canas Pls body coaLed wlLh
ashes on lL Pls Canas Loo were looklng feroclous Malna could noL bear Lhls horrlble slghL and
losL her consclousness
1he mald servanLs arrlved lnsLanLaneously and helped Malna Lo regaln her consclousness She
sLarLed crylng and curslng everybody She LhoughL was responslble for her daughLers marrlage
wlLh Shlva nobody was spared narada Lhe SapLarlshls and even her own sons She even
admonlshed arvaLl by saylng
uld you do severe penance Lo geL such a horrlble husband llke Lhls (Shlva)?
Lord 8rahma and narada Lrled Lo console and convlnce her buL lL was of no avall When
Plmalaya Lrled Lo lnLervene he was soundly rebuked Malna LhreaLened hlm LhaL lf Lhls marrlage
Look place Lhen lL would be Lhe lasL day of her llfe
AL lasL lord vlshnu arrlved and Lrled Lo paclfy her anger by saylng LhaL her anger was baseless as
she had noL seen Lhe real appearance of Shlva whlch besLows benedlcLlon Lord vlshnu and
narada Lhen euloglsed Shlva who on belng pleased showed hls mosL enchanLlng beauLy Malna now
became fully saLlsfled Plmalaya Loo felL proud of her daughLers good forLune AL
lasL Shlva enLered Lhe Mandap (canopy) where marrlage ceremony was golng Lo be organlsed Pe
saw arvaLl slLLlng Lhere 8oLh of Lhem were very dellghLed Lo see each oLher
AfLer Lhe marrlage ceremony was over Sage Carg helped Plmalaya ln performlng Lhe rlLe of
kanyadan amldsL Lhe chanLlngs of vedlc manLras 1he womens were slnglng ausplclous songs
Plmalaya presenLed large quanLlLles of dowry Lo Shlva arvaLls companlons were engaged wlLh
Shlva ln [ocular and humorous conversaLlon
8aLl Lhe wlfe of kamadeva seelng Lhe momenL opporLune arrlved and requesLed Shlva Lo brlng
back her dead husband back Lo llfe Per walllngs made Lhe oLher goddesses very sympaLheLlc
Lowards her 1hey Loo requesLed Shlva Lo make her dead husband back Lo llfe
leellng plLy on her condlLlon Shlva broughL back kamadeva back Lo llfe from Lhe ashes whlch
8aLl had glven Lo hlm Cn seelng her husband allve 8aLls hearL was fllled up wlLh exLreme [oy
8oLh of Lhem euloglsed lord Shlva and expressed Lhelr graLlLude
AfLer Lhe marrlage ceremony was over Lhe marrlageprocesslonlsL soughL Lhe permlsslon of
Plmalaya Lo make a move buL he requesLed Lhem Lo remaln Lhere for some more days
SPlvAS uLA81u8L Wl1P A8vA1l 1C kAlLASP
Shlva remalned aL hls lnlaws house for many days Cne day he soughL Lhe permlsslon of
Plmalaya Lo go back Lverybody became sad aL Lhe prospecL of Shlvas deparLure Lspeclally
Malna who was very saddened by Lhls news AL lasL lL was Llme for Shlva Lo deparL for kallash
accompanled by arvaLl
Lord Shlva and arvaLl were bllssfully en[oylng Lhelr marLlal sLaLus unaware of Lhe eagerness
wlLh whlch Lhe delLles were awalLlng Lhe arrlval of Lhelr progeny
1arakasur Lhe demon conLlnued LormenLlng Lhe delLles When Lhelr mlserles became unbearable
Lhey wenL Lo lord 8rahma Lo seek Lhelr help All of Lhem Lhen wenL Lo lord vlshnu 1hey Lold hlm
LhaL even afLer passlng of such a long duraLlon of Llme arvaLl and Shlva had noL yeL become
parenLs 1hey requesLed lord vlshnu Lo remlnd Shlva abouL Lhe purpose behlnd hls marrlage
lnlLlally lord vlshnu showed hls dlslncllnaLlon Lo dlsLurb Shlvas marLlal bllss buL when Lhe
delLles lnslsLed he wenL Lo Shlva accompanled by all of Lhem All of Lhem euloglsed Shlva and
arvaLl 1he delLles Lhen requesLed Shlva Lo make hls conLrlbuLlon ln Lhe desLrucLlon of
1arakasur
Shlva undersLood everyLhlng Some drops of hls semen fell down on Lhe ground Cn belng
lnslsLed by Lhe delLles Agnl Lransformed hls appeared ln Lhe form of a plgeon and pecked up
Lhose drops of semen 8lghL Lhen arvaLl arrlved Lhere and became exLremely furlous on seelng Lhe
semen golng wasLe
She cursed Lhe delLles LhaL Lhelr respecLlve wlves would remaln lssue less as Lhe consequences of
Lhelr mlndless acLs
Agnl was havlng lnflammaLlon ln hls sLomach because of Lhe Shlvas semen Lord Shlva advlsed
hlm Lo Lransfer lL lnLo Lhe womb of any noble woman Agnl followed Lhe lnsLrucLlon and ln[ecLed
Lhe semen lnLo Lhe body of slx women Lhrough Lhe pores of Lhe halr on Lhelr body
1hose women could noL bear Lhe exLreme lusLer of Lhe Shlvas semen 1hey wenL Lo Plmachal
and evacuaLed lL Lven Plmachal could noL bear lLs exLreme effulgence and lmmersed lL lnLo Lhe
flowlng Canga 8lver Canga carrled lL wlLh her currenL and esLabllshed lL amldsL bushes of reed
(Sarkanda) lnsLanLaneously a beauLlful chlld manlfesLed from lL Pls blrLh made all Lhe delLles
exLremely [oyous lncludlng Shlva and arvaLl lL was Lhe slxLh day (brlghL half of Lhe lunar
monLh) of Lhe Plndu monLh of Margashlrsha Pe was karLlkeya
kA81lkL?A
Sage vlshwamlLra arrlved aL Lhe spoL where Lhe chlld had manlfesLed Cn Lhe repeaLed lnslsLence
of Lhe chlld vlshwamlLra performed hls purlflcaLlon rlLes and named hlm Cuha
1he dlvlne chlld blessed vlshwamlLra and besLowed dlvlne knowledge Lo hlm Pe also blessed
hlm Lo become famous as 8rahmarshl Agnldeva arrlved Lhere and gave a dlvlne weapon named
ShakLl Lo LhaL chlld Cuha wenL Lo Lhe kroncha mounLaln and banged hls weapon on lL 1he
mounLaln could noL bear Lhe effecL of Lhe blow and sLarLed crumbllng down lnnumerable demons
llvlng on LhaL mounLaln came Lo klll hlm 8uL Lhe chlld kllled all of Lhem by hls weapon
When lndra heard abouL hls bravery he came along wlLh oLher delLles Lo flghL hlm lndra
assaulLed Cuha wlLh hls va[ra on Lhe rlghL slde of hls body whlch resulLed lnLo Lhe manlfesLaLlon
of a very powerful enLlLy named Shakh lndra agaln assaulLed hlm on Lhe lefL slde of hls body
from whlch manlfesLed an exLremely powerful enLlLy named vlshakh lndra assaulLed Cuha for
Lhe Lhlrd Llme Lhls Llme hls chesL was Lhe LargeL lrom Lhls Lhlrd blow of lndra manlfesLed
nalgam
Cuha accompanled by all Lhe Lhree powerful enLlLles Shakh vlshakh and nalgam aLLacked lndra
and hls army buL Lhey fled away
Slx goddesses arrlved on Lhe scene All of Lhem Lrled Lo feed LhaL small chlld ouL of affecLlon
1hey sLarLed quarelllng among Lhemselves 8lghL Lhen Lhey were surprlsed Lo see Lhe chlld
appearlng wlLh slx head now Lhelr problems were solved Lach of Lhe goddesses fed Lhelr breasL
mllk Lo Lhe chlld 1hey Look Cuha wlLh Lhem and broughL hlm up wlLh greaL love and care Cuha
laLer on became famous as karLlkeya
Cne day arvaLl curlously asked Shlva abouL hls semen whlch had fallen on Lhe ground Lord
Shlva summoned Lhe delLles and asked Lhem abouL lL 1he delLles narraLed Lhe whole sLory 8oLh
Shlva and arvaLl were very pleased Lo know abouL karLlkeya Lord Shlva Lhen ordered hls Canas Lo
brlng karLlkeya from Lhe possesslon of krlLlka 1he Canas
reached 8adrlkasharama where krlLlka llved When krlLlka saw Lhe Canas she became very
frlghLened buL karLlkeya gave hlm solace 1he Canas requesLed karLlkeya Lo come along wlLh
hlm
karLlkeya happlly Look permlsslon from hls moLhers and proceeded Lo meeL Shlva and arvaLl
AL Lhe Llme or karLlkeyas deparLure Lhe moLhers had become very emoLlonal karLlkeya
consoled Lhem Pe Lhen boarded Lhe beauLlful charloL whlch had been senL by arvaLl and
proceeded Lowards kallash mounLaln
All Lhe delLles lncludlng Shlva were eagerly awalLlng hls arrlval When karLlkeya reached
kallash mounLaln he was glven a royal recepLlon 1he whole aLmosphere was fllled up wlLh [oy
Lverybody was celebraLlng Lach of Lhe delLles presenLed hlm Lhelr respecLlve weapons Lo hlm
Lord Shlva coronaLed hlm as Lhe klng wlLh Lhe help of Lhe brahmln 1hls way he had now
become Lhe lord of kallashpurl
karLlkeya narraLed a sLory connecLed wlLh hlmself
Cne day a brahmln whose name was narada came Lo me and requesLed me Lo help hlm flnd hls
hegoaL whlch had goL losL Pe Lold me LhaL Lhe goaL was supposed Lo be offered as Lhe sacrlflce
lf Lhe goaL was noL found my vow would remaln unfulfllled Sald narada
l wenL ln search of LhaL goaL l found lL ln Lhe vlshnuloka where lL was creaLlng nulsance When
Lhe goaL saw me lL Lrled Lo aLLack me wlLh lLs sharp horns l cllmbed on lLs back AfLer Lravelllng
Lhrough all Lhe Lhree worlds Lhe goaL reLurned back Lo hls orlglnal place l cllmbed down from lLs
back
narada arrlved and demanded hls goaL l Lold hlm LhaL hls ?agya had been accompllshed by my
blesslngs and Lhere was no need Lo sacrlflce Lhe poor goaL narada Lhe brahmln wenL back
saLlsfled
klLLlnC Cl 1A8AkASu8
1he delLles were very encouraged by Lhe presence of karLlkeya amldsL Lhemselves 1hey were
beamlng wlLh confldence and enLhuslasm 1he delLles assembled aL Lhe seashore 1arakasur
arrlved Lhere wlLh hls huge army 1he baLLle began
1arakasur appeared Lo be lnvlnclble Pls blow was so severe LhaL lndra fell down unconsclous
All Lhe Lokpalas meL Lhe same faLe AfLer LhaL 1arakasur foughL wlLh veerbharda and made hlm
unconsclous Lven Lord vlshnu could noL susLaln for long and was ulLlmaLely defeaLed
Lord 8rahma requesLed karLlkeya Lo flghL wlLh 1arakasur as nobody excepL hlm would be able Lo
klll hlm Cn belng lnsLrucLed by lord 8rahma karLlkeya came forward Lo flghL wlLh 1arakasur 1arakasur
rldlculed Lhe delLles for Laklng Lhe shleld of a small chlld
lf he geLs kllled by me Lhe responslblllLy should lle on you 1hundered 1arakasur
A flerce baLLle sLarLed beLween boLh of Lhem ln whlch boLh of Lhem goL ln[ured AL lasL seelng an
opporLune momenL karLlkeya hlL 1arakasur on hls chesL wlLh hls weapon ShakLl 1he blow
proved Lo be faLal and as a resulL 1arakasur dled
karLlkeya feaL was halled by all Lhe delLles AfLer kllllng 1arakasur karLlkeya wenL Lo moLher
arvaLl who affecLlonaLely Look hlm lnLo her lap Pe was euloglzed by all Lhe delLles
klLLlnCS Cl 8ALAM8 Anu 8AnASu8
1he mounLaln kraunch who was LormenLed by Lhe acLlvlLles of Lhe demon named 8anasur
wenL Lo karLlkeya and narraLed hls woeful Lales
karLlkeya Lhrew hls weapon ShakLl ln Lhe dlrecLlon whlch 8anasur llved 1he weapon banged
rlghL on LargeL and reLurned back Lo hlm 8amnasur was burnL Lo ashes kraunch wenL back belng
very pleased 1he mounLaln kraunch esLabllshed Lhree Shlvallngas Lo please lord Shlva 1he
names of Lhese Lhree Shlvallngas were kumareshwar raLlgyeshwar and kapaleshwar
Cnce upon a Llme Lhe delLles were Lrylng Lo reach Lhe abode of Lord Shlva kallash mounLaln
1helr precepLor 8rlhaspaLl was walklng ahead of all of Lhem Meanwhlle a demon by Lhe name of
ralamb sLarLed creaLlng Lurbulence AfLer belng LormenLed by hls acLlvlLles kumud son of
Sheshnag Look karLlkeyas refuge karLlkeya kllled Lhe demon wlLh hls dlvlne weapon ShakLl
CAnLSP
Cnce narada had a deslre Lo llsLen Lo Lhe Lales of Canesha 8rahma replled
1here were varlous Caneshas ln dlfferenL kalpas uurlng Lhe perlod of ShweLakalpa Canesha
was born Lo Shlva and arvaLl when Lhey wenL Lo kallash mounLaln shorLly afLer Lhelr marrlage
Cnce whlle golng Lo Lake her baLh arvaLl lnsLrucLed nandl Lo sLand guard aL Lhe enLrance and
noL Lo allow anybody Lo enLer Lhe premlse wlLhouL her permlsslon Lord Shlva arrlved Lhere by
chance uesplLe of nandls refusal Lo allow hlm ln he wenL lnslde arvaLl dld noL llke Lhls
Cne day lL happened so LhaL Cnce agaln arvaLl wanLed Lo Lake her baLh She made an ldol from
Lhe dlrL of her body She made Lhe ldol allve and lnsLrucLed hlm noL Lo allow anybody wlLhouL her
permlsslon She also gave hlm a sLlck for hls proLecLlon
lncldenLally lord Shlva arrlved once agaln Pe Lrled Lo enLer lnslde buL Canesha refused Lo leL hlm
go lnslde 8uL when Shlva Lrled Lo go lnslde forclbly Canesha hlL hlm wlLh hls sLlck Lord Shlva
became furlous and ordered hls ganas Lo klll hlm 1he ganas of Shlva aLLacked Canesha buL all of Lhem
were no maLch for hlm AfLer belng
defeaLed by Canesha Lhe Shlvaganas wenL Lo Shlva and narraLed everyLhlng
Whlle Lhe Shlvaganas were narraLlng Lhelr sLorles Lord 8rahma Lord vlshnu and some oLher
delLles arrlved Lhere Lord 8rahma Lhen wenL Lo Canesha Lo convlnce hlm buL as soon as
Canesha saw hlm he Lrled Lo aLLack lord 8rahma 8rahma came back wlLhouL achlevlng anyLhlng
AfLer Lhls lord Shlva hlmself came Lo flghL Canesha
SPlvA SLvL8S CAnLSPAS PLAu LA1L8 ClvLn
LLLPAn1 PLAu
A flerce baLLle was foughL beLween Shlva and Canesha When Lord Shlva reallzed LhaL Canesha
was domlnaLlng Lhe flghL he severed hls head wlLh hls Lrlshul
arvaLl became exLremely furlous aL Lhe deaLh of Canesha Per anger resulLed lnLo Lhe
manlfesLaLlon of lnnumerable goddesses who sLarLed creaLlng havoc on Lhe delLles
1he delLles became frlghLened and Lhey were forced Lo Lake Lhe refuge of arvaLl 1hey euloglzed
her and requesLed Lo be pardoned arvaLl Lold Lhem LhaL Lhey could be saved only when Canesha
becomes allve and becomes worshlppable [usL llke Lhee (delLles)
1he delLles wenL Lo lord Shlva and requesLed hlm Lo make Canesha allve once agaln Lord Shlva
lnsLrucLed Lhem Lo go ln Lhe norLhern dlrecLlon and brlng Lhe head of any creaLure Lhey mlghL flnd
and [oln lL wlLh Lhe Lrunk of Canesha 1he delLles followed Lhe lnsLrucLlon and wenL ln Lhe
norLhern dlrecLlon
1hey found an elephanL whlch had only one Lusk 1hey severed Lhe elephanLs head and [olned lL
wlLh Lhe Lrunk of Canesha 8y Lhe blesslngs of Shlva Canesha became allve once agaln 1he
delLles worshlpped Canesha and reLurned back Lo Lhelr respecLlve abodes
CAnLSPAS MA88lACL
8oLh karLlkeya and Canesha grew up Lo become handsome youLhs ln due course of Llme Shlva
and arvaLl sLarLed Lo Lhlnk abouL Lhelr marrlage
When Canesha and karLlkeya came Lo know abouL Lhe plan of Lhelr marrlage boLh of Lhem sLarLed
quarrellng among Lhemselves as Lo who should geL marrled flrsL
Lord Shlva and arvaLl devlsed a plan Lo sorL ouL Lhls problem 1hey Lold Lhem LhaL whoever
beLween Lhem reLurn afLer clrcumambulaLlng Lhe earLh wlll geL marrled flrsL of all
karLlkeya and Canesha agreed karLlkeya proceeded on hls [ourney Lo clrcumambulaLe Lhe earLh
Canesha was very lnLelllgenL Pe requesLed hls parenLs Lord Shlva and arvaLl Lo slL aL a place
LogeLher and clrcumambulaLed Lhem for seven Llmes and saldAccordlng Lo veda ClrcumambulaLlng
ones parenLs glve vlrLues equlvalenL Lo LhaL of
clrcumambulaLlng Lhe whole earLh So now you musL geL me marrled flrsL
Lord Shlva and arvaLl were very lmpressed by hls lnLelllgence 1hey declded Lo geL hlm marrled
wlLh Slddhl and 8lddhlLhe daughLer of vlshwaroop ra[apaLl ln due course of Llme Lwo sons
were born Lo Lhem kshem and Labh
Whlle karLlkeya was reLurnlng afLer clrcumambulaLlng Lhe whole earLh he meL sage narada on
Lhe way Pe Lold karLlkeya abouL Caneshas marrlage karLlkeya became very sad and felL llke
havlng been cheaLed by Lhelr parenLs
When karLlkeya reached kallash mounLaln he made saluLaLlons Lo lord Shlva and arvaLl and
wlLhouL saylng anyLhlng wenL Lo kraunch mounLaln Lo do hls penance
arvaLl was very sad She wenL Lo kraunch mounLaln Lo meeL karLlkeya accompanled by Shlva
When karLlkeya saw Lhem comlng he moved Lo anoLher place Lord Shlva and arvaLl followed
hlm and ulLlmaLely meL hlm 8oLh Lhese places have rellglous slgnlflcance Pavlng a darshan of
karLlkeya on Lhe full moon day of krlLlka nakashaLra ls consldered Lo besLows lmmense
ausplclous and desLroyes all Lhe slns of a man
?uuP kPAnu
18lu8ASu8 1PL 1P8LL uLMCnS
narada requesLed lord 8rahma Lo narraLe how lord Shlva annlhllaLed Lhe demons Lord 8rahma
narraLed Lhe Lale of 1rlpurasur
AfLer Lhe kllllng of 1arakasur Lhree of hls sons sLarLed dolng Lhelr penance 1he eldesL among
Lhem was 1arkasha younger Lo hlm was vlddyunmall and kamalaksha was Lhe youngesL l
(8rahma) became very pleased by Lhelr Lremendous penance
1hey requesLed me Lo creaLe Lhree lnvlnclble forLs for Lhem whlch should be full of all klnds of
wealLh and splendour and whlch nobody could be able Lo break
A golden forL was consLrucLed for 1araksha for kamlaksha a forL of sllver was consLrucLed and
for vlddyunmall lronforL was consLrucLed l had ordered Lhe demon named Maya Lo consLrucL
Lhese forLs Cne of Lhese forLs was consLrucLed ln Lhe sky Lhe oLher was consLrucLed on Lhe earLh
and Lhe Lhlrd was consLrucLed ln Lhe neLher world
AfLer consLrucLlng Lhe forLs for Lhem Maya Look Lhe responslblllLy of proLecLlng Lhem l
(8rahma) warned Lhe Lhree demons LhaL Lhey would be kllled by lord Shlva AfLer Lhls l came
back
1he Lhree demonbroLhers sLarLed LormenLlng Lhe delLles 1he delLles wenL Lo lord 8rahma and
narraLed abouL Lhelr mlserles Lord 8rahma lnsLrucLed Lhem Lo seek Lhe help of Shlva 1hey wenL Lo lord
Shlva and explalned abouL Lhelr woes 1hey also requesLed Shlva Lo ellmlnaLe Lhose Lhree
demons Lord Shlva lnsLrucLed Lhem Lo go Lo lord vlshnu and sald
1he 1rlpurasurs are very vlrLuous so Lhey could noL be kllled ?ou all musL go Lo lord vlshnu
and Lry Lo seek hls help
1he delLles Lhen wenL Lo lord vlshnu and made Lhe same requesL Lord vlshnu performed an
oblaLlon 1housands of armed splrlL appeared from Lhe yagyakunda Lord vlshnu senL Lhese
splrlLs Lo klll Lhe Lhree demonbroLhers 8uL Lhese splrlLs were no maLch for Lhe 1rlpurasurs mlghL
and Lhey had Lo run for Lhelr llves 1hey came Lo lord vlshnu and narraLed Lhe whole sLory Lord
vlshnu became very worrled Pe senL back all Lhe delLles and sLarLed Lhlnklng abouL Lhe means
1rlpurasurs could be kllled
Lord vlshnu came Lo Lhe concluslon LhaL Lhe 1rlpurasurs could noL be kllled Llll Lhey remaln
vlrLuous and rellglous Pe Lhen creaLed an llluslonary enLlLy from hls body who had no halrs on
hls head Pe had worn dlrLy cloLhes and a bag was hanglng down hls shoulder Pe also had a
broom ln hls head
1he enLlLy asked lord vlshnu abouL Lhe purpose of hls exlsLence and hls name Lord vlshnu Lold
hlm LhaL hls name was Arlhan Pe also lnsLrucLed hlm Lo creaLe a scrlpLure whlch sLresses upon
Lhe lmporLance of acLlon (karmavad) and whlch ls dlfferenL from Lhe rlLuals explalned ln Lhe
vedas Lord vlshnu speclflcally lnsLrucLed hlm Lo keep Lhe language of LhaL scrlpLure as slmple
and degeneraLed as posslble
Lord vlshnu Lhen preached Arlhan on Lhe sclence of llluslon whlch sLressed LhaL Lhe heaven or
Lhe hell does noL exlsL anywhere else buL on Lhls earLh lLself
Lord vlshnu lnsLrucLed Arlhan Lo geL 1rlpurasurs lnlLlaLed lnLo wlLh Lhls phllosophy so LhaL Lhe
demonbroLhers become lrrellglous vlshnu ordered Arlhan Lo make hls resldence ln a deserL
wlLh hls dlsclples
?ou should propagaLe your phllosophy when kall ?uga arrlves sald Lord vlshnu
AfLer glvlng hls lnsLrucLlon lord vlshnu dlsappeared Arlhan Lhen creaLed four llluslonary enLlLles
from hls beln who were supposed Lo acL as hls followers 1helr names were 8lshl ?aLl keerya
and upadhyay
now Lhe Llme had arrlved Lo enLer Lhe forLs of 1rlpurasurs All of Lhem enLered Lhe forLs and ln a
gradual manner sLarLed lncreaslng Lhelr lnfluence As a resulL Lhe 1rlpurasurs became lrrellglous
noL only LhaL Lhelr sub[ecLs Loo became lrrellglous ln a very shorL Llme
When Lhe delLles saw LhaL Lhe 1rlpurasurs had become lrrellglous compleLely Lhey wenL Lo lord
Shlva and requesLed hlm Lo klll 1rlpurasurs 8lghL Lhen moLher arvaLl arrlved Lhere
accompanled by karLlk and Canesha She requesLed Shlva Lo come along wlLh her lnLo Lhe
palace All Lhe delLles followed Lhem and kepL on requesLlng 1he delLles were angry LhaL arvaLl had
caused obsLacles ln Lhe fulflllmenL of Lhelr ob[ecLlve 1hey could noL conceal Lhelr anger and
expressed lL
Cne of Lhe ganas of Shlva whose name was kumbhodar angrlly aLLacked Lhe delLles All of Lhem
goL ln[ured and wenL Lo lord vlshnu Lord vlshnu advlsed Lhem Lo chanL Lhe flve leLLered manLra
CM nAMAP SPlvA? for one crore Llmes 1he delLles followed Lhe lnsLrucLlon Lord Shlva
became pleased and appeared before Lhem Pe assured Lhe delLles LhaL Lhelr wlshes would be
fulfllled
klLLlnCS Cl 18lu8ASu8S
When Shlva agreed Lo klll Lhe demon broLhers 1rlpurasur Lhe delLles became exLremely [oyous
1hey gave Lhelr respecLlve weapons Lo Shlva so LhaL he dld noL have any dlfflculLy ln kllllng Lhe
demons vlshwakarma gave hls beauLlful charloL Lo hlm
Lord Shlva proceeded Lowards Lhe forLs of 1rlpurasur followed by a huge army of Lhe delLles Pls
army enLered Lhe forLs of hls bow buL he was noL able Lo release lL Pe remalned ln Lhls poslLlon
for one Lhousand years buL sLlll he was noL successful ln releaslng hls arrow
Lord Shlva Lhen worshlpped Canesha and heard a heavenly volce lnsLrucLlng hlm Lo use hls
weapon ashupaL Lord Shlva released lL ln Lhe dlrecLlon of Lhe forLs of 1rlpurasur All Lhe Lhree
forLs were desLroyed by Lhe assaulL of ashupaL and lL creaLed havoc among Lhe demons
Seelng deaLh and desLrucLlon all around Lhem 1rlpurasurs prayed Lo lord Shlva Lo have mercy
on Lhem Lord Shlva assured Lhem LhaL afLer Lhelr deaLh Lhey would be born as hls ganas AL lasL
1rlpurasurs were burnL Lo deaLh Maya was Lhe only demon who survlved AfLer Lhelr deaLh Lhe
1rlpurasurs were prlvlleged Lo be reborn as Lhe ganas of Shlva
AfLer Lhe kllllngs of Lhree demons 1rlpurasur lord Shlvas anger had sLlll noL subdlvlded 1he
anger was paclfled only afLer Lhe delLles and Lhe sages prayed Lo hlm Pe blessed Lhe delLles by
saylng LhaL he would always be presenL on Lhelr slde Lo proLecL Lhem
Maya Who had survlved Lhe Shlvas aLLack arrlved Lhere and he Loo was blessed by lord Shlva
AfLer LhaL Arlhan arrlved wlLh hls followers and worshlpped Shlva Lord Shlva blessed hlm and
hls followers AfLer Laklng permlsslon from lord vlshnu Arlhan proceeded Lowards a deserL
reglon accompanled by hls followers AfLer recelvlng Lhe boon Lhe delLles Loo recelved Lo Lhelr
respecLlve abode
LC8u SPlvA SA8LS 1PL LllL Cl lnu8A
SuLa narraLes Lhe followlng sLory Lo Lhe sages
Cnce upon a Llme lndra was golng Lowards kallash mounLaln Lo have a darshan of lord Shlva
Sage 8rlhaspaLl was accompanylng hlm Lord Shlva came Lo know abouL hls arrlval Pe wanLed Lo LesL hls
devoLlon Lowards hlm Whlle
boLh lndra and 8rlhaspaLl were sLlll on Lhelr way Lord Shlva meL Lhem on Lhelr ln Lhe gulse of a
hermlL
lndra dld noL recognlze Shlva who was slLLlng on Lhe way dlsgulsed as a hermlL lndra lnqulred
as Lo who he was and where he llved Lord Shlva saL quleLly wlLhouL saylng a word lndra
repeaLedly asked Lhe same quesLlon buL each Llme Shlva remalned quleL lndra became furlous
and Lrled Lo aLLack lord Shlva wlLh hls va[ra
Lord Shlva paralyzed Lhe ralsed hands of lndra by hls dlvlne power Shlvas eyes had reddened
due Lo anger whlch made lndra very frlghLened sage 8rlhaspaLl was able Lo recognlze Lhe real
ldenLlLy of Lhe hermlL as Lo who he was Pe made saluLaLlons Lo lord Shlva and requesLed hlm Lo
pardon lndra Lord Shlva became pleased and dlverLed Lhe power of hls radlanL eyes Lo Lhe ocean
1hls way lndras llfe was spared by Shlva Lord Shlva Lhen reLurned Lo kallash mounLaln lndra
and Sage 8rlhaspaLl Lo kallash mounLaln lndra and sage 8rlhaspaLl Loo reLurned Lo Lhelr
respecLlve abodes
MAnllLS1A1lCn Cl !ALAnuPA8
1he effulgence whlch had been dlvlded by lord Shlva lnLo Lhe Ccean resulLed lnLo Lhe
manlfesLaLlon of a small chlld 1hls lncldenL happened aL Lhe place where rlver Canges
submerged lnLo Lhe ocean and whlch ls also known as Cangasagar now a days
1he chlld was crylng so feroclously LhaL an envlronmenL of fear was creaLed everywhere 1he
delLles and Lhe sages wenL Lo lord 8rahma Lo saLlsfy Lhelr curlously Lord 8rahma assured Lhen Lo
flnd ouL Lhe reason Pe wenL Lo Lhe seashore 1he sea puL Lhe chlld ln hls lap and enqulred abouL
Lhe name of LhaL chlld and also abouL hls fuLure
Meanwhlle Lhe chlld pressed lord 8rahmas neck wlLh such power LhaL Lears rolled down from hls
eyes lor Lhls reason he named Lhe chlld as !alandhar Lord 8rahma Lold Lhe sea LhaL Lhe chlld
wlll become Lhe mlghLy ruler of Lhe demons no delLy would be able Lo klll hlm excepL Shlva
1he sea was very pleased by lord 8rahmas predlcLlons AfLer Lord 8rahma reLurned Lo hls
abode Lhe sea broughL LhaL chlld Lo hls home and broughL up LhaL chlld wlLh greaL love and care
When !alandhar grew up he marrled vrlnda who was Lhe daughLer of kalneml LaLer on he
became Lhe ruler of Lhe demons
8A11LL 8L1WLLn !ALAnuPA8 Anu 1PL uLl1lLS
Cne day Sage 8hrlgu came Lo meeL !alandhar AfLer recelvlng hlm wlLh due respecL !alandhar
asked hlm as Lo who severed Lhe head of 8ahu
Sage 8hrlgu Lhen Lold hlm abouL Plranyakashlpu who was Lhe maLernal uncle of 8ahu Sage
8hrlgu also Lold hlm abouL vlrochana Lhe son of Lhe exLremely charlLable klng 8all 1hen sage 8hrlgu
narraLed Lhe Lale connecLed wlLh Lhe churnlng of ocean and how ambrosla emerged from
Lhe churnlng of Lhe ocean
Sage 8hrlgu Lold !alandhar how 8ahus head was severed by lord vlshnu whlle he was slLLlng
among Lhe delLles and aL Lhe Llme when ambrosla was belng dlsLrlbuLed Lo all Lhe delLles
!alandhar became very furlous afLer hearlng Lhls sLory Pe summoned one of hls messengers
whose name was Chasmar and lnsLrucLed hlm Lo go and ask lndra as Lo why had he
mlsapproprlaLed all Lhe wealLh of hls faLher (Sea) whlch emerged durlng Lhe churnlng of Sea Pe
also lnsLrucLed Chasmar Lo warn lndra abouL Lhe dlre consequences unless he Lakes hls (lndras)
refuge
8uL lndra senL back Chasmar wlLhouL any speclflc assurance 1hls acLlon of lndra made
!alandhar more angry Lhan before Pe collecLed hls army and aLLacked lndra
A flerce baLLle was foughL beLween hls army and Lhe army of Lhe delLles Many warrlors goL
kllled from boLh Lhe sldes Shukracharya Lhe guru of Lhe delLles broughL back Lhe dead warrlors
from Lhe demon slde back Lo llfe by hls mrlLasan[lvanl vldya Slmllarly Sage 8rlhaspaLl broughL
back Lhe dead warrlors from Lhe delLles' slde back Lo llfe wlLh Lhe help of medlclnal herbs
When Shukracharya saw LhaL sage 8rlhaspaLl Loo was successfully maklng Lhe dead delLles allve
he lnsLrucLed !alandhar Lo submerge Lhe uronglrl mounLaln lnLo Lhe sea so LhaL lL becomes
lmposslble for 8rlhaspaLl Lo geL Lhe medlclnal herbs by Lhe help of whlch he made Lhe dead
delLles allve
!alandhar obeyed Lhe command of Shukracharya and by llfLlng Lhe uronglrl mounLaln submerged
lL lnLo Lhe sea 1he delLles became demorallzed and fled from Lhe baLLlefleld !alandhar capLured
lndrapurl
1he Lerrlfled delLles Look Lhe refuge of lord vlshnu and soughL hls help Lord vlshnu gave a
paLlenL hearlng and agreed Lo help Lhem buL Lhere was a hlLch Pls consorL goddess Lakshml
consldered !alandhar as her broLher because boLh of Lhem orlglnaLed from Lhe sea She lnsLrucLed
Lord vlshnu agalnsL kllllng !alandhar
Lord vlshnu promlsed Lo her LhaL he wonL klll !alandhar AfLer glvlng hls word Lo goddess
Lakshml he wenL Lo flghL a baLLle wlLh !alandhar
A flerce baLLle was foughL beLween boLh of Lhem whlch remalned lndeclslve Llll Lhe end Lord
vlshnu became very much lmpressed by Lhe vallance of !alandhar and asked hlm Lo demand any
boon he llked
!alandhar requesLed hlm Lo make hls dwelllng ln Lhe ksheersagarLhe abode of !alandhar along
wlLh hls slsLer (Lakshml) Lord vlshnu agreed Lo fulflll hls wlsh and sLarLed llvlng ln Lhe
ksheersagar along wlLh hls consorL Lakshml 8elng undefeaLed by Lord vlshnu hlmself !alandhar
became Lhe ruler of all Lhe Lhree world All
hls sub[ecLs were saLlsfled by hls [usL and vlrLuous rule excepL Lhe delLles 1he delLles now
euloglzed lord Shlva Lo seek hls help ln defeaLlng !alandhar
Accordlng Lo Lhe wlsh of lord Shlva Sage narada came Lo meeL Lhe delLles 1he delLles narraLed
Lhelr woeful Lales Lo hlm leellng plLy on Lhelr condlLlon he wenL accorded a grand recepLlon by
!alandhar whlch pleased hlm very much
narada pralsed Lhe splendours and prosperlLy of !alandhar buL added LhaL lL was noLhlng ln
comparlson Lo Shlvas splendours narada Lold hlm LhaL lnsplLe of all hls auLhorlLy and splendours
hls prosperlLy was sLlll lncompleLe as he dld noL have a consorL !alandhar asked curlously as Lo
where could he flnd hls consorL
Accordlng Lo hls sLraLegy narada advlsed !alandhar Lo make arvaLl as hls consorL !alandhar fell
lnLo naradas Lrap Pe senL 8ahu Lo lord Shlva wlLh a proposal Lo parL wlLh arvaLl 8ahu wenL Lo
lord Shlva and demanded arvaLl whlch made lord Shlva exLremely furlous Pls anger resulLed
lnLo Lhe manlfesLaLlon of a feroclous creaLure whlch ran Lowards 8ahu Lo devour hlm 8ahu had
no opLlon buL Lo Lake Lhe refuge of Lord Shlva Lord Shlva proLecLed Lhe llfe of 8ahu
1he hungry creaLure asked Shlva as Lo whaL should he eaL Lo saLlsfy hls hunger Lord Shlva
lnsLrucLed hlm Lo devour hls own llmbs 1he creaLlve followed hls lnsLrucLlons and devoured hls
llmbs Lord Shlva was very pleased by hls sense of obedlence Pe named LhaL creaLure of hls
palace Pe also blessed hlm saylng LhaL he Loo would be worshlpped along wlLh hlm (Shlva)
8A11LL 8L1WLLn LC8u SPlvA Anu !ALAnuPA8
8ahu wenL back Lo !alandhar and narraLed Lhe whole sLory Lo hlm !alandhar Lhen aLLacked
kallash mounLaln wlLh hls huge army A flerce baLLle was foughL beLween Lhe Shlvaganas and
Lhe demons
When !alandhar reallzed LhaL lord Shlva had begun Lo domlnaLe Lhe baLLle he creaLed beauLlful
Apsaras and Candharvas by hls llluslonary powers Lo dlverL Lhe aLLenLlon of lord Shlva and hls
ganas Pe was successful ln hls aLLempL Lord Shlva and hls ganas became enchanLed by Lhe
heavenly beauLy of Lhe apsaras 1hey sLopped flghLlng and sLarLed waLchlng Lhelr dance and
muslc
Meanwhlle !alandhar wenL Lo arvaLl ln Lhe gulse of lord Shlva buL was recognlzed by her 8elng
enchanLed by Lhe beauLy of goddess arvaLl he looked aL her wlLh hls evll lnLenLlons buL was
lmmoblllzed by her wraLh
MoLher arvaLl Lhen wenL Lo lord vlshnu and narraLed Lhe whole sLory She wanLed Lo Leach
!alandhar a lesson She requesLed lord vlshnu Lo go Lo !alandhars wlfe ln Lhe gulse of !alandhar
and acL ln Lhe same way !alandhar had dared Lo do
v8lnuA CL1A ulSPCnC8LuWlLh Lhe help of hls dlvlne powers Lord vlshnu creaLed many lnausplclous
dreams whlle vrlnda
was asleep vrlnda became very resLless and when Lhe anxleLles become unbearable she
proceeded Lowards Lhe foresL
vrlnda saw a hermlL ln Lhe foresL who was preachlng hls dlsclples 1he hermlL was none oLher
Lhan lord vlshnu She wenL Lo LhaL hermlL and prayed Lo save her husbands llfe
Lord vlshnu dlsappeared from Lhe scene and reappeared Lhls Llme ln Lhe gulse of !alandhar 8uL
vrlnda was unable Lo recognlze Lhe real ldenLlLy of her husband She was very pleased afLer
flndlng her husband 8oLh of Lhem sLayed ln LhaL very foresL as husband and wlfe for a very long
Llme
Cne day she came Lo know abouL Lhe real ldenLlLy of Lhe person who was lmpersonaLlng as her
husband 8eallzlng LhaL her chasLlLy has been breached she cursed lord vlshnu by saylng LhaL
[usL as he had played a decelLful Lrlck wlLh her ln Lhe same way somebody would decelLfully
abducL hls wlfe and he Loo would wander ln her search
AfLer curslng lord vlshnu vrlnda embraced deaLh by enLerlng lnLo Lhe flre
klLLlnC Cl !ALAnuPA8
Cn Lhe oLher slde afLer Lhe deparLure of arvaLl from kallash MounLaln and afLer Lhe llluslonary
powers creaLed by !alandhar had ended all Lhe apsaras and gandharvas vanlshed Shlva reallzed
LhaL whaLever he was waLchlng was noLhlng more Lhan llluslon
Lord Shlva recommenced hls baLLle 1he demonsShumbh and nlshumbh came forward Lo flghL
wlLh hlm buL ulLlmaLely Lhey had Lo flee from Lhe baLLlefleld Lord Shlva warned boLh of Lhem
LhaL Lhough Lhey had escaped deaLh aL LhaL momenL buL Lhey would be kllled by arvaLl
now !alandhar agaln arrlved Lo flghL wlLh lord Shlva A flerce baLLle commenced beLween Lhem
llndlng an opporLune Llme Shlva severed Lhe head of !alandhar by hls Chakra whlch had been
creaLed from hls Loe AfLer hls deaLh !alandhars soul unlLed wlLh Shlva
When Lhe delLles came Lo know abouL Lhe kllllng of !alandhar Lhey became over[oyed 1hey
came Lo Lord Shlva and euloglzed hlm 1hy also halled hls greaL achlevemenL AfLer expresslng
Lhelr graLlLude Lhey reLurned Lo Lhelr respecLlve abodes
MAnllLS1A1lCn Cl AMLA (M?8C8ALAn) 1uLSl
(8ASlL) Anu MAL1l
Lord vlshnu was very much saddened by Lhe deaLh of vrlnda Pe Look Lhe ashes from Lhe pyre
and afLer applylng Lhem on hls body sLarLed wonderlng here and Lhere
1he delLles became very worrled Lo see Lhe condlLlon of lord vlshnu 1hey wenL Lo lord Shlva
and requesLed hlm Lo ellmlnaLe Lhe false aLLachmenL wlLh whlch Srl vlshnu was sufferlng Lord Shlva
senL Lhe delLles Lo goddess arvaLl saylng LhaL she would ceraLalnly help ln Lhls
regard
1he delLles wenL Lo goddess arvaLl and prayed Lo her She became very pleased and wlLh Lhe
asslsLance of Lakshml and SaraswaLl gave some seeds Lo Lhen 1he delLles sprayed Lhose seeds
on Lhe pyre on whlch vrlnda had glven up her llfe 1hree holy planLs manlfesLed from LhaL pyreAmla
1ulsl and MalLl LaLer on 1ulsl and MalLl aLLalned Lo Lhe vlshnuloka by Lhe vlrLue of Lhelr
respecLlve penance
8l81P Cl SPAnkPACPuuA Anu PlS MA88lACL
SuLa narraLed Lhe Lale of Lhe blrLh of Shankhachuda and how Shlva kllled hlm wlLh hls 1rlshula
Pe Lold Lhe sages LhaL Shankhachuda was born Lo Lhe demon klng uambha Shankhachuda was
ln facL Sudama ln hls prevlous llfe Pe was born ln Lhe famlly of demons due Lo Lhe curse of
8adha When Shankhachuda grew up he wenL Lo ushkar (A[mer 8a[asLhan) and dld a
Lremendous penance Lo please lord 8rahma Lord 8rahma blessed hlm and sald LhaL he would
remaln lnvlnclble Pe also lnsLrucLed Shankhachuda Lo go Lo 8adrlkashrama where he would
flnd hls would be wlfe 1ulsl Lhe daughLer of uharmadhwa[a
Shankhachuda wenL Lo 8adrlkasharama and marrled 1ulsl as per Lhe lnsLrucLlons of lord 8rahma
Pe Lhen reLurned back Lo hls caplLal accompanled by hls wlfe 1ulsl
SPAnkPACPuuA 8LCCMLS 1PL 8uLL8 Cl ALL
1PL 1P8LL WC8LuS
When Shankhachuda reached hls caplLal afLer marrylng 1ulsl he was crowned as Lhe klng of Lhe
demons by Shukracharya AfLer hls coronaLlon Shankhachuda aLLacked lndrapurl supporLed by
hls huge army and defeaLed Lhe delLles ln a very shorL Llme all Lhe Lhree worlds were under hls
conLrol
AfLer belng defeaLed by Shankhachuda Lhe delLles wenL Lo lord 8rahma and soughL hls help ln
ellmlnaLlng Lhe menance called Shankhachuda Lord 8rahma Lhen Look Lhem Lo lord vlshnu All
of Lhem were Laken Lo lord Shlva by vlshnu 1hey expressed Lhelr requesL Lo llberaLe Lhem from
Lhe Lroubles creaLed by Shankhachuda
Lord Shlva assured Lhe delLles LhaL he wlll cerLalnly klll Shankhachuda and hence Lhey should noL
worry abouL hlm 1he delLles Lhen happlly reLurned Lo Lhelr respecLlve abodes
Lord Shlva senL hls messenger named ushpadanL Lo Shankhachuda Lo ask hlm Lo reLurn back
Lhe klngdom of Lhe delLles Lo Lhem Shankhachuda refused Lo obllge Lhls demand on Lhe conLrary
he expressed hls wllllngness and readlness Lo flghL lord Shlva ushpadanL reLurned back and
narraLed Lhe whole sLory Lo lord Shlva
SPlvA klLLS SPAnkPACPuuALord Shlva was now fully convlnced abouL Lhe lnevlLablllLy of Lhe baLLle
Pe flrsL senL all hls
ganas under Lhe leadershlp of karLeklye and Canesha LaLer on 8hadrakall proceeded Lowards
Lhe baLLlefleld wlLh a huge army as per Lhe own wlsh of lord Shlva hlmself AL lasL lord Shlva
proceeded Lowards Lhe baLLlefleld accompanled by Lhe delLles All Lhe Lroops collecLed aL Lhe bank
of rlver Chandrabhaga and resLed under Lhe shade of a 8anyan Lree
Shankhachuda handed over Lhe klngdom Lo hls son and wenL Lo hls wlfe Lo Lake her permlsslon
before golng Lo Lhe baLLlefleld Pls wlfe was relucLanL Lo allow hlm Lo go buL he somehow
managed Lo convlnce her Pe Lhen proceeded Lowards Lhe banks of Chandrabhaga wlLh a huge
army
A flerce baLLle sLarLed beLween Lhe delLles and Lhe demons 8oLh of Lhem aLLacked each oLher wlLh
Lhe mosL desLrucLlve weapons 8uL when Lhe army of Chandrachuda began Lo domlnaLe Lhe flghL
Lhe delLles fled away and Look Lhe refuge of lord Shlva 1hey Lold Shlva of Lhe number of delLles
who had been kllled whlle flghLlng
AfLer Lhe defeaL of Lhe delLles and Lhe ganas karLlkeya and Canesha wenL Lo flghL Shankhachuda
A specLacular baLLle was foughL beLween Shankhachuda and boLh of Lhem LaLer on Lhey were
[olned by 8hadrakall 8hadrakall would have devoured Shankhachuda wlLhouL any problem buL
she spared hls llfe because of Lhe boon glven Lo hlm by Lord 8rahma now lL was Lhe Lurn of
Lord Shlva Lo [oln Lhe baLLle buL even he could noL cause any harm Lo hlm because of lord
8rahmas boon
Whlle a Lremendous baLLle was belng foughL beLween lord Shlva and Shankhachuda Lord vlshnu
appeared and demanded Lhe armour from Shankhachuda whlch he had puL on hls body ln Lhe
gulse of a brahmln Shankhachuda gave hls armour Lo hlm wlLhouL any klnd of susplclon Lord
vlshnu Lhen wenL Lo Shankhachudas wlfe ln Lhe gulse of her husband le Shankhachuda Pe
desLroyed Lhe chasLlLy of 1ulsl Shankhachudas wlfe Shankhachuda derlved hls power from Lhe
chasLlLy of hls wlfe and lL vanlshed Lhe momenL her chasLlLy was desLroyed
8hadrakall was creaLlng havoc ln Lhe army of Shankhachuda Shankhachuda became very
furlous and aLLacked Shlva Shlva repulsed hls assaulL and aLLacked hlm wlLh hls 1rlshul
Shankhachuda who had become powerless was kllled lnsLanLaneously 1he delLles were very
pleased aL Lhe deaLh of Shankhachuda AfLer worshlpplng lord Shlva Lhey wenL back Lo Lhelr
respecLlve abodes
1uLSl Cu8SLS LC8u vlSPnu
AfLer belng lnsLrucLed by goddess arvaLl Lord vlshnu had gone Lo 1ulsl ln Lhe gulse of her
husband Shankhachuda so LhaL Lhe breach of 1ulsl chasLlLy could help lord Shlva Lo klll
Shankhachuda who derlved hls power from 1ulsls chasLlLy and vlrLuoslLy
lnlLlally 1ulsl could noL recognlze lord vlshnu She was exLremely [oyous aL hls arrlval 8uL very
soon she was able Lo reallze Lhe real ldenLlLy of lord vlshnu who had dlsgulsed hlmself as her
husband She became very angry and cursed lord vlshnu Lo become a sLone She was crylng
unconsolably
Lord vlshnu conLemplaLed on Shlva as a resulL of whlch he appeared Lord Shlva blessed 1ulsl
LhaL she would become Lhe beloved of Lord vlshnu
uue Lo 1ulsls curse Lord vlshnu aLLalned Lhe form of Shallgram whlch ls a sLone and because of
lord Shlvas blesslngs 1ulsl leaves sLarLed belng offered Lo Lhe Shallgram ln Lhe process of lLs
worshlp
klLLlnC Cl Pl8An?AkSPA
Whlle narraLlng Lhe Lale of Plranyakshas kllllng SuLll sald
Cnce Shlva and arvaLl were llvlng aL Lhe Mandarachal mounLaln arvaLl playfully covered
boLh Lhe eyes of Shlva wlLh her palms 1hls made lord Shlva Lo persplre from hls forehead lrom
Lhls persplraLlon manlfesLed a feroclous creaLure arvaLl asked Lord Shlva as Lo who Lhls
creaLure was Lord Shlva Lold her LhaL he was hls son Andhak
arvaLl broughL up Andhak wlLh greaL love and care Plranyaksha Lhe demon dld a Lremendous
penance Lo please lord Shlva wlLh a deslre Lo acqulres a son Lord Shlva became pleased wlLh hls
penance and appeared before hlm Pe asked Plranyaksha Lo demand any boon whlch he
promlsed Lo fulflll
Plranyaksha expressed hls deslre Lo have a very powerful and mlghLy son Shlva declded Lo glve
Andhak Lo hlm who aL LhaL Llme was belng broughL up by arvaLl Plranyaksha broughL young
Andhak along wlLh hlm
WlLh Lhe help of Andhak he conquered all Lhe Lhree worlds Pe llfLed up Lhe earLh and proceeded
Lowards Lhe neLherworld 1he delLles became very Lerrlfled 1hey prayed Lo Lord vlshnu and
when he appeared Lhey requesLed hlm Lo klll Plranyaksha
Lord vlshnu kllled Plranyaksha ln hls lncarnaLlon of boar AfLer kllllng Plranyaksha Lord
vlshnu made Andhak Lhe klng of neLherworld and place Lhe earLh aL lLs orlglnal place
klLLlnC Cl Pl8An?AkSPlu
Plranyakashlpu was fllled wlLh grlef when he heard Lhe news of hls broLhers deaLh 1o avenge
Plranyakshas deaLh he sLarLed Lo LormenL Lhe delLles 8ecomlng homeless Lhe delLles sLarLed
wanderlng here and Lhere Plranyakashlpu was sLlll unsaLlsfled Pe wanLed Lo acqulre more
power and auLhorlLy Pe wenL Lo Lhe Mandarachal mounLaln and sLarLed dolng a Lremendous
penance Lo please Lord 8rahma
Lord 8rahma appeared before hlm and asked hlm demand anyLhlng he wlshed Lo be fulfllled
Plranyakashlpu saldC Lord! 8less me so LhaL l do nelLher dle durlng Lhe day nor durlng Lhe nlghL
nelLher on Lhe
earLh nor ln Lhe sky nelLher by Lhe delLles nor by Lhe demons nelLher by a human belng nor by an
anlmal 8less me C Lord! C LhaL l do noL geL kllled by any Lype of weapon
Lord 8rahma blessed Plranyakshlpu and sald so be lL now Plranyakashlpu became more
ruLhless and arroganL Pe declared hlmself Lhe almlghLy Cod and ordered hls sub[ecLs Lo worshlp
hlm and hls ldol Pls sonrahlada was a very greaL devoLee of lord vlshnu Pe dld noL pay heed
Lo hls faLhers command and conLlnued Lo worshlp Lord vlshnu Plranyakashlpu Lrled Lo klll
rahlada many Llmes buL each Llme he survlved by Lhe blesslngs of lord vlshnu
When Plranyakashlpus aLroclLles crossed all lLs llmlLs Lhe delLles wenL Lo lord vlshnu and
requesLed hlm Lo klll Plranyakashlpu Lord vlshnu appeared ln hls lncarnaLlon of nrlslmha (half
llon and half man) and kllled Plranyakashlpu wlLh hls sharp nalls durlng Lhe dusk AfLer glvlng
hls klngdom Lo hls son rahalad Lord vlshnu wenL back Lo hls abode
SPlvA 1LACPLS M8l1ASAn!lvAnl vluu?A 1C
SPuk8ACPA8?A
Shukracharya dld a severe penance for flve Lhousand years Lo please Shlva and acqulre Lhe
secreLs of MrlLasan[lvanl vlddya (brlnglng back dead person allve) from hlm
When Lord Shlva dld noL appear even afLer such a Lremendous penance Lhen he lndulges hlmself
ln severesL form of penance by qulLLlng havlng food and waLer Pe now sLarLed llvlng only on
alr 1hls conLlnued for Lhousands of year
Lord Shlva became very pleased wlLh hls penance Pe manlfesLed from Lhe very Shlvallnga
Shukracharya had been worshlpplng Llll now Pe LaughL Lhe secreLs of MrlLasan[lvanl vlddya Lo
hlm and Lold hlm LhaL by Lhe help of Lhls vlddya he would become capable of maklng allve Lhe
dead persons Lord Shlva also blessed Shukracharya Lo become a sLar and aLLaln respecLablllLy
among all Lhe planeLs
AfLer blesslng Shukracharya llke Lhls Lord Shlva dlsappeared lnLo Lhe same Shlvallnga from
whlch he had appeared
8A11LL 8L1WLLn LC8u SPlvA Anu AnuPAk
Cnce Andhak broLhers [oklngly Lold hlm LhaL slnce hls real parenLs were somebody else (Shlva
and arvaLl) Lherefore he was noL flL Lo rule Lhem 1hough Lhey had Lold Lhls ln good humour yeL
Andhak was very much saddened by Lhelr remark Pe rellnqulshed hls Lhrone and wenL Lo a
deserLed place ln Lhe foresL and sLarLed Lo do a severe penance Lord 8rahma became very
pleased by hls penance and appeared before hlm Pe asked hlm Lo demand anyLhlng he wlshed Lo
be fulfllled Andhak sald
l only long for Lhe love and affecLlon of my broLhers C Lord! 8less me so LhaL nobody should
be able Lo klll one excepL lord Shlva Lord 8rahma blessed hlm and sald so be lL
Andhak reLurned Lo hls klngdom and wlLh Lhe cooperaLlon of hls broLhers llke rahalad eLc he
broughL even Lhe delLles under hls conLrol 8uL drunk wlLh power he became very arroganL and
sLarLed LormenLlng all Lhe creaLures Pe dld noL show any respecL Lo Lhe vedas brahmln and Lhe
delLles
Andhak had become so arroganL LhaL once he even dared Lo dlshonor hls own moLherarvaLl
who aL LhaL Llme was llvlng aL Lhe Mandarachal mounLaln Shlva became very furlous wlLh hlm
Andhak aLLacked Shlva wlLh hls huge army Lord Shlva senL hls numerous ganas Lo flghL hlm buL
all of Lhem were kllled by Andhak
When lord Shlva goL Lhe news of Lhe arrlval of Andhak wlLh hls army he senL Lord vlshnu and
hls remalnlng ganas Lo flghL hlm Pe hlmself wenL Lo perform hls ausLerlLy named ashupaL 1he
delLles foughL wlLh Andhak for one Lhousand years Meanwhlle Lord Shlva reLurned afLer
compleLlng hls ashupaL vraLa and [olned Lhem
Seelng Lord Shlva ln fronL of hlm Andhak became furlous and aLLacked hlm feroclously Pls
companlon whose name was vldhas devoured all Lhe delLles 1he demons who had been kllled
ln Lhe baLLle were broughL back Lo llfe by Shukracharya
Lord Shlva became very angry and swallowed Shukracharya Pe also exLracLed Lhe delLles from
Lhe sLomach of vldhas who had been swallowed by hlm earller AfLer LhaL lord Shlva aLLacked
Andhak wlLh hls LrldenL whlch ln[ured hlm 8uL from each drop of hls blood whlch fell on Lhe
ground manlfesLed Lhousands of demons who resembled Andhak
Lord Shlva Lhen lnsLrucLed goddess Chandlka Lo drlnk Lhe blood whlle he kllled all Lhe demons
Coddess Chandlka followed Lhe lnsLrucLlons of Shlva and drank each drop of blood whlch oozed
ouL from Lhe wounds of Lhe demons and dld noL leL slngle drop of blood Lo fall on Lhe ground
AfLer kllllng all Lhe demons lord Shlva llfLed Andhak wlLh hls LrldenL and hanged hlm beLween
Lhe earLh and sky Andhak remalned Lhere for a very long perlod of Llme bearlng Lhe heaL of Lhe
sun and Lhe showers of raln 8uL he remalned allve ulLlmaLely he had Lo Lake Lhe refuge of Lord
Shlva Lo save hls llfe Lord Shlva became pleased by hls eulogy and made hlm hls Canadhees
(leader of all Lhe Canas)
When lord Shlva swallowed up Shukracharya he became very resLless and sLarLed Lo flnd ouL a
way Lhrough whlch he could come ouL from Shlvas sLomach 8uL all of hls efforLs wenL ln valn
llndlng no oLher opLlon he sLarLed Lo chanL Lhe name of lord Shlva Pls chanLlngs conLlnued for
one hundred years 8y Lhe blesslngs of Shlva he came ouL from Shlvas sLomach Lhrough Lhe
e[aculaLed semen
AfLer comlng ouL Shukraharya euloglzed Lord Shlva Shlva became pleased wlLh hlm and
showered hlm wlLh affecLlon [usL llke hls own son AfLer belng blessed Shukracharya wenL and
re[olned Lhe army of Lhe demons klLLlnC Cl CA!ASu8
Coddess uurga had kllled Lhe demon Mahlshasur who used Lo LormenL Lhe delLles Ca[asur was
Lhe son of Mahlshasur 1o avenge hls faLhers deaLh Ca[asur dld a Lremendous penance Lo please
lord 8rahma
Lord 8rahma appeared before hlm and asked hlm Lo demand any boon Ca[asur sald C Lord!
Lven a !eeLendrlya (one who has full conLrol over hls senses) should noL be able Lo klll me
Lord 8rahma blessed hlm by saylng So be lL Cradually Ca[asur aLroclLles crossed all llmlLs
Pe became Lhe lord of all Lhe Lhree worlds Pe forced even Lhe delLles Lo worshlp hlm Pe used Lo
LormenL Lhe brahmlns and Lhe oLher rellglous people
Cne day Ca[asur arrlved aL kashl and sLarLed LormenLlng Lhe people llvlng over Lhere 1he delLles
came Lo lord Shlva and requesLed hlm Lo rescue kashl by kllllng Ca[asur
Lord Shlva came Lo kashl and foughL a baLLle wlLh Ca[asur Pe kllled Ca[asur wlLh Lhls LrldenL
AL Lhe Llme of hls deaLh Ca[asur euloglzed Lord Shlva and requesLed hlm Lo puL hls (Ca[asurs)
skln on hls (Shlvas) body
Lord Shlva agreed Lo fulflll hls wlsh AL Lhe spoL where Ca[asur was kllled a famous Shlvallnga
by Lhe name of krlLLlvaseshwar was consLrucLed as per Lhe own wlsh of lord Shlva
klLLlnC Cl nl8PAuuAl1?A
ulLl was fllled wlLh grlef when she came Lo known abouL her sons (Plranyaksha) deaLh who was
kllled by lord vlshnu
nlrhaddalLya who was Lhe maLernal uncle of rahlada consoled her an promlsed Lo avenge Lhe
deaLh of Plranyaksha Pe LhoughL Lo desLroy Lhe vedlc rellglon Accordlng Lo hlm Lhe delLles
derlved Lhelr sLrengLh and power from Lhls very vedlc rellglon Pe planned Lo ellmlnaLe Lhe
prlesLly classbrahmlns so LhaL Lhe chances of ?agyas belng performed becomes exLlncL and Lhe
delLles were sLarved Lo such an exLenL LhaL Lhey became weak and powerless 1hlnklng LhaL Lhen lL
would noL be very dlfflculL Lo klll Lhe weak delLles
nlrhaddalLya arrlved aL kashl Lo execuLe hls plan whlch durlng Lhose Llme was Lhe chlef cenLer
of Lhe brahmlns Pe aLLalned Lhe form of a Llger and sLaLloned hlmself ln a nearby foresL Pe used
Lo klll any brahmln who used Lo come over Lhere Lo collecL kusha grass and fuel WlLh Lhe help
of hls llluslonary powers he used Lo aLLaln Lhe form of a hermlL durlng Lhe dayLlme and llved
among Lhem 8uL durlng Lhe nlghL he used Lo enLer lnLo Lhe houses of Lhe brahmlns ln Lhe form of
a Llger and used Lo devour Lhem
Cn one nlghL of ShlvaraLrl when a brahmln was busy worshlpplng Lord Shlva nlraddalLya who
was ln Lhe form of a Llger enLered Lhe Lemple 8uL slnce Lhe brahmln was engaged ln Lhe worshlp
of Lord Shlva he could noL harm Lhe brahmln Lord Shlva emerged from Lhe very Shlvallnga whlch Lhe
brahmln was worshlpplng and punched Lhe demon wlLh hls clenched flsL so hard LhaL
he dled
klLLlnC Cl vluAL Anu u1AL
Long long ago Lhere used Lo llve Lwo demons by Lhe names of vldul and uLpal 8oLh of Lhem dld
a Lremendous penance Lo please lord 8rahma AfLer belng blessed by lord 8rahma Lhey became
very arroganL and sLarLed LormenLlng Lhe delLles and Lhe brahmlns
1he delLles wenL Lo lord 8rahma and soughL hls help Lord 8rahma Lold Lhem LhaL boLh Lhe
demons would be kllled by goddess arvaLl very soon Pe also lnsLrucLed Lhe delLles Lo euloglze
Shlva and arvaLl Lo seek Lhelr blesslngs 1he delLles wenL back and sLarLed euloglzlng Shlva and
arvaLl
Cne faLeful day vldal and uLpal arrlved aL Lhe place where goddess arvaLl was havlng
amusemenLs wlLh her companlons vldal and uLpal had dlsgulsed Lhemselves as Lhe ganas of
Shlva Lord Shlva recognlzed Lhe real ldenLlLy of Lhe demons Pe slgnaled Lowards arvaLl
polnLlng Lowards Lhe demons arvaLl who was playlng wlLh a ball wlLh her companlons
undersLood whaL lord Shlva meanL Lo say She hlL boLh of Lhem wlLh Lhe ball wlLh such force LhaL
boLh Lhe demons dled on Lhe spoL 1he ball Lhen fell down on Lhe ground and Lransformed lnLo a
Shlvallnga whlch became as kandukeshwar 1he delLles became very pleased aL Lhe deaLh of
vldal and uLpal
A81 1P8LL SPA18uu8A SAMPl1A
1he sages requesLed SuLa Lo descrlbe abouL Lhe dlfferenL lncarnaLlons of Lord Shlva SuLa Lold
Lhem LhaL alLhough Lord Shlva Look many lncarnaLlons buL flve of hls lncarnaLlons were very
lmporLanL Sadho[aL namadeva 1aL urusha Aghoresh and lshan
llvL SPlvA lnCA8nA1lCnS
1) SAuPC!A1Lord Shlva Look hls flrsL lncarnaLlon from Lhe physlque lncarnaLlon from Lhe
physlque of Lord 8rahma who was engrossed ln hls deep sLaLe of medlLaLlon durlng Lhe
nlneLeenLh kalpa named ShweLa LohlL Lord 8rahma gave hlm Lhe name Sadho[aL and euloglzed
hlm LaLer on from Lhe physlque of Sadho[aL four of hls dlsclple manlfesLed whose names were
Sunand nandan vlshwanandan and upanandan All Lhe four dlsclples were of falr complexlon
Lord Shlva blessed 8rahma and empowered hlm Lo do creaLlon
2) nAMuLvA uurlng Lhe LwenLleLh kalpa named 8akLa Lhe complexlon of lord 8rahma
Lurned red whlle he was engrossed ln hls medlLaLlve sLaLe lrom hls body manlfesLed an enLlLy
who also was of red complexlon Lord 8rahma named hlm namadeva conslderlng hlm Lo be Lhe
lncarnaLlon of lord Shlva and euloglzed hlm LaLer on four sons were born Lo namadeva whose
names were vlra[ vlwah vlshok and vlshwabhawan All of Lhem were of red complexlon [usL
llke Lhelr faLher namadeva namdeva Shlva along wlLh hls vlrLuous progenles blessed lord 8rahma wlLh
Lhe power of
creaLlon
3) 1A1 u8uSPA 1he LwenLyflrsL kalpa on Lhe earLh was known as eeLavasa lL was
named so because of Lhe apparel of lord 8rahma whlch were of yellow colours Lord 8rahmas
prayer resulLed lnLo Lhe manlfesLaLlon of an effulgenL enLlLy Conslderlng Lhls enLlLy as Lord
Shlva Lord 8rahma sLarLed chanLlng Lhe manLras of Shlva CayaLrl AfLer Lhe chanLlngs of Lhe
manLras numerous enLlLles manlfesLed who had puL on apparels of yellow colour on Lhelr body
1hls way Lhe Lhlrd lncarnaLlon of Shlva popularly known as 1aL urusha manlfesLed
4) CPC8LSP AfLer Lhe eeLavasa kalpa came Lhe Shlva kalpa A black complexloned
manlfesLed whlle Lord 8rahma was engrossed ln hls deep medlLaLlve sLaLe Lord 8rahma
conslderlng Lhls enLlLy as Aghor Shlva sLarLed euloglzlng hlm Lord 8rahmas euloglzaLlon
resulLed lnLo Lhe manlfesLaLlon of four more enLlLles who had Lhe same black complexlon as LhaL
of Aghor Shlva 1helr names were krlshna krlshnashlkha krlshnamukha and
krlshnakanLhdharl Chor Shlva along wlLh Lhose four enLlLles blessed lord 8rahma wlLh Lhe
power of creaLlon
3) lSPAn uurlng Lhe kalpa named vlshwaroop manlfesLaLlons of SaraswaLl and lshan Shlva
Look place Lord 8rahma euloglzed lshan Shlva afLer whlch four dlvlne enLlLles named !aLl
Mundl Shlkhandl and Ardhamundl manlfesLed from lshan Shlva All of Lhem blessed lord
8rahma wlLh Lhe power of creaLlon
LlCP1 luCLS Cl SPlvA
AfLer descrlblng abouL Lhe flve chlef lncarnaLlons of lord Shlva SuLa explalned abouL Lhe elghL
famous ldols of lord Shlva Sharva 8hava 8udra ugra 8hlma ashupaLl lshan and
Mahadeva 1hese elghL ldols of Shlva symbollzes Lhe elghL naLural elemenLs whlch help ln Lhe
process of creaLlon nurLuremenL and annlhllaLlon 1hese elghL naLural elemenLs are Land waLer
flre alr sky supreme soul (ksheLragya) Sun and Lhe moon 8elng esLabllshed ln Lhese elghL
ldols Shlva conLrols Lhe whole world
SPlvA AS A8uPAnA8lSPWA8
Cnce upon a Llme Lord 8rahma noL seelng an expanslon ln hls creaLlon became very worrled A
heavenly volce lnsLrucLed hlm Lo commence creaLlon wlLh Lhe help of copulaLlve acLlvlLles 8uL
slnce all Lhe lncarnaLlon of Shlva had been males Llll Lhen Lherefore lord 8rahma was flndlng lL
lmposslble
Lord 8rahma conLemplaLed on Lhe form of Shlva and ShakLl Lord Shlva became very pleased
wlLh hlm and appeared ln hls form of Ardhanarlshwar (half male half female) LefL slde of hls
body resembled llke a woman whlle Lhe rlghL slde appeared llke a man Lord 8rahma worshlpped
Lhls form of Shlva Lord Shlva Lhen separaLed Lhe femlnlne parL of hls body and Lhus manlfesLed moLher
ShakLl Lord
8rahma worshlpped her and requesLed Lo besLow such power by whlch he could creaLe a woman
Coddess ShakLl blessed hlm by saylng So be lL and vanlshed 1hls way Lord 8rahma became
capable of commenclng copulaLlve creaLlon
vA8lCuS lnCA8nA1lCn Cl v?ASA Anu LC8u
SPlvA
uurlng Lhe varaha kalpa of Lhe SevenLh ManvanLar lord vlshnu lllumlnaLed all Lhe Lhree world
by hls dlvlne presence 1hls sevenLh ManvanLara conslsLed of four yugas whlch repeaLed
Lhemselves ln a cycllc way for Lwelve Llmes
1he flrsL dwapar of Lhls sevenLh manvanLar saw Lhe manlfesLaLlon of lord Shlva for Lhe welfare of
Lhe brahmlns When kall ?uga arrlved Lord Shlva agaln manlfesLed hlmself along wlLh goddess
ShakLl and was known as Mahamunl ShweLa Lord 8rahma had Lhe prlvlledge of becomlng hls
dlsclple
uurlng Lhe second dwapar sage vyasa exlsLed as SaLya ra[apaLl and Lord Shlva became
famous as SuLar Lord Shlva ln hls lncarnaLlon of SuLra had many dlsclples among whom
uundubhl was very famous
uurlng Lhe Lhlrd dwapar sage vyasa Look hls lncarnaLlon as 8hargava and lord Shlva became
famous as uaman Lord Shlva ln hls lncarnaLlon as uaman had four dlsclples among whom
vlshoka was very famous When kall ?uga arrlved afLer Lhls Lhlrd dwapar Lord Shlva along
wlLh hls ulsclples helped Sage vyasa
uurlng Lhe fourLh uwapar Sage vyasa Look hls lncarnaLlon as Anglra and Lord Shlva as
SuhoLra Lven ln Lhls lncarnaLlon Lord Shlva had four dlsclples among whom Sumukh was very
famous Lord Shlva along wlLh hls dlsclples helped Anglra
uurlng Lhe flfLh dwapar sage vyasa Look lncarnaLlon as SavlLa and Lord Shlva as kanka who
was very famous for hls Lremendous ausLerlLles kanka had four dlsclples among whom Sanak
was very famous
uurlng Lhe slxLh dwapar sage vyasa Look lncarnaLlon as MrlLyu and Lord Shlva as Lokakshl
Lokakshl had four dlsclples among whom Sudhama was very promlnenL
uurlng Lhe sevenLh dwapar sage vyasa manlfesLed hlmself as lndra and Lord Shlva as !alglsaLya
!alglsaLya had four dlsclples among whom SaraswaL was very promlnenL
uurlng Lhe elghLh dwapar sage vyasa Look lncarnaLlon as vashlshLha and Lord Shlva as
uadhlvahan uadhlvahan had four dlsclples among whom kaplla was very famous uurlng Lhe nlneLh
dwapar sage vyasa Look lncarnaLlon as SaraswaL and Lord Shlva as 8lshabh
Lord Shlva ln hls lncarnaLlon as 8lshabhdeva had four dlsclples among whom arashar was very
famous
nAnulkLSPWA8
Whlle descrlblng abouL Lhe lncarnaLlon of nandlkeshwar SuLa saysSage Shllad dld a Lremendous
penance Lo please lord Shlva wlLh an asplraLlon Lo have a son Lord
Shlva appeared before hlm and asked hlm Lo demand any boon he wlshed
Sage Shllad expressed hls deslre of havlng a son who ls noL born from a physlcal body and who
ls proflclenL ln all Lhe srlpLural knowledges Lord Shlva blessed hlm by saylng So be lL
Sage Shllad Lhen reLurned Lo hls hermlLage and performed a ?agya lrom Lhe yagyakunda
appeared a chlld who possessed four arms and Lhree eyes Sage Shllad was very pleased Lo see
LhaL chlld 1he blrLh of Lhe chlld was celebraLed wlLh greaL fanfare Lord Shlva and arvaLl
arrlved Lo bless Lhe chlld
1he chlld was named nandl as hls blrLh had glven lmmense [oy (ananda) Lo sage Shllad LaLer on
nandl llved wlLh hls faLher llke any oLher normal chlld and was broughL up wlLh greaL love and
care Pe became proflclenL ln all Lhe scrlpLures wlLhln seven years
8elng lnsplred by lord Shlva Lwo brahmlns came Lo sage Shllad and lnformed hlm LhaL afLer one
year nandl would be no more Sage Shllad became exLremely sad
Seelng hls faLher ln hls sorrowful mood nandl consoled hlm and laLer on wenL Lo do penance
Pls Lremendous penance pleased Lord Shlva and arvaLl and boLh of Lhem appeared before hlm
Lord Shlva blessed hlm and sald ?ou are [usL llke me so you wlll never dle
Lord Shlva also gave one of hls garlands Lo hlm As soon as nandl wore LhaL garland he lmblbed
all Lhe quallLles of lord Shlva AfLer LhaL Lord Shlva Look ouL some waLer from hls locks of halr
and sprlnkled on hlm as a resulL of whlch flve rlvers came lnLo exlsLence 1hese flve rlvers were
laLer on came Lo be known as anchanad Lord Shlva Lhen made hlm Lhe leader of all hls ganas
LaLer on goddess arvaLl Look nandl under her guldance and consldered hlm [usL llke her own
son nandl was marrled Lo Suyasha Lhe daughLer of MaruL ulLlmaLely all of Lhem accompanled
lord Shlva Lo hls abode
8PAl8Av CL1S Ll8L8A1Lu l8CM PlS Sln
8halrav who was creaLed by lord Shlva from hls Lhlrd eye had severed one of Lhe flve heads of
Lord 8rahma on Lhe lnsLrucLlon of lord Shlva now 8rahma was lefL wlLh only four heads Carrylng Lhe
skull of 8rahma ln hls hand 8halrava sLarLed wanderlng ln all Lhe Lhree worlds 1o
aLone hls sln of severlng Lhe head of lord 8rahma he was begglng alms
8halrav reached vlshnuloka where he was welcomed warm hearLedly by lord vlshnu and
Lakshml Coddess Lakshml dropped Lhe learnlng (vldya) named ManoraLh (by whlch all Lhe
wlshes could be fulfllled) ln Lhe begglng bowl (Skull) of 8harlav 8halrav became exLremely
happy by Lhls glfL Lord Shlva had creaLed a oegrass named 8rahmahaLya and had lnsLrucLed
8halrav Lo reach kashl before her Accordlng Lo lord Shlva Lhls way Lhe sln commlLLed by
8halrav could successfully aLoned
AfLer belng blessed by goddess Lakshml 8halrav Look Lhe permlsslon of Lord vlshnu and
proceeded Lowards kashl AfLer hls deparLure asked 8rahmahaLya Lo sLop chaslng 8halrav 8uL
she refused saylng LhaL she was [usL followlng Lhe lnsLrucLlon of Lord Shlva
When 8halrav reached kashl 8rahmahaLya Loo came near Lhe ouLsklrLs of Lhe clLy buL could noL
enLer lL because of Lord Shlvas power lnsLead she enLered ln Lo Lhe neLherworld (aLal loka) As
soon as 8halrav had enLered kashl 1he begglngbowl (skull) fell on Lhe ground and Lhus 8halrav
goL llberaLed from hls slns 8halrav was exLremely relleved 1he place where Lhe skull of 8rahma
had fallen laLer on became as kapal mochan Lhe mosL sacred place of pllgrlmage
SPlvA 1AkLS lnCA8nA1lCn AS SPA8A8P
Whlle descrlblng abouL Lhe lncarnaLlon of Sharabh SuLa Lold sages
When vlshnu Look hls lncarnaLlon of nrlslmha Lo klll Lhe demon klng Plranyakashlpu hls anger
could noL be subdued even afLer Lhe kllllng of Plranyakashlpu Pls anger had frlghLened all Lhe
Lhree worlds Lord 8rahma senL rahlada Lo nrlslmha so LhaL hls anger geLs cool down rahlada
prayed Lo nrlslmha nrlslmha Look hlm ln hls embrace buL sLlll hls anger was noL subdued
All Lhe delLles wenL Lo lord Shlva and requesLed Lo hlm Lo cool down vlshnus anger Lord Shlva
Lhen senL 8halrav and veerbhadra Lo nrlslmha When veerbhadra pollLely requesLed nrlslmha Lo
cool down he (nrlslmha) Lrled Lo pounce on hlm (veerbhadra) 8lghL Lhen Lord Shlva appeared
ln hls mosL devasLaLlng form Pe was looklng frlghLenlng ln hls glanL form and wlLh Lhousands of
hand Pls appearance was resembllng a huge cannlbal blrd Lord Shlva ln[ured nrlslmha wlLh hls
glanL wlngs and afLer carrylng Lord vlshnu ln hls glanL wlngs and afLer carrylng lord vlshnu ln
hls arms he flew ln Lhe sky Lord vlshnu was so frlghLened LhaL he became unconsclous
AfLer regardlng hls consclousness Lord nrlslmha appeared ln hls form of Lord vlshnu and
euloglzed Shlva whlch made lord Shlva very pleased Lord Shlva wore Lhe head of nrlslmha
wlLh Lhe garland of skull ln hls neck 1he remalnlng body was carrled by veerbhadra and
abandoned aL a mounLaln
vlSPWAnA8 8LCLlvLS 8CCn l8CM SPlvACnce upon a Llme Lhere used Lo llve a brahmln named
vlshwanar who was a greaL devoLee of
lord Shlva ShuchlsmaLl was hls wlfe who was a devouL wlfe 8elng pleased by her sense of
duLlfulness vlshwanar Lrled Lo reward hls wlfe
ShuchlsmaLl expressed her deslre of havlng a son [usL llke lord Shlva vlshwanar wenL Lo kashl
Lo please Lord Shlva by hls penance Pe worshlpped vlshveshwar llnga wlLh supreme devoLlon
Lord Shlva became very pleased by hls devoLlon and he appeared before vlshwanar from Lhe
Shlvallnga When vlshwanar expressed hls deslre lord Shlva agreed Lo Lake blrLh as hls Son
vlshwanar came back Lo hls house happlly
SPlvAS lnCA8nA1lCn AS C8lPAA1l
ln due course of Llme ShuchlsmaLl became pregnanL and gave blrLh Lo a beauLlful chlld 1he
whole famlly celebraLed Lhe blrLh of Lhe chlld 1he whole famlly celebraLed Lhe blrLh of Lhe chlld
1he name glvlng ceremony of LhaL chlld was aLLended by all Lhe delLles and sages lncludlng lord
Shlva and arvaLl Lord 8rahma named Lhe chlld as CrlhapaLl When CrlhapaLl aLLalned Lhe age
of flve hls sacred Lhread ceremony was performed WlLhln a year he became proflclenL ln all Lhe
vedas and oLher sacred LexLs
When CrlhapaLl aLLalned Lhe age of nlne narada came and lnformed vlshwanar LhaL deaLh of
CrlhapaLl was lmmlnenL because of Lhe evll effecLs of Lhe planeLary comblnaLlons vlshwanar and
ShuchlsmaLl were saddened and sLarLed crylng
CrlhapaLl Lhen consoled hls parenLs and proceeded Lowards kashl Lo do penance so LhaL Lhe
deaLh could be conqured CrlhapaLl commenced hls penance aL kashl 1he delLy lndra arrlved
Lhere and requesLed hlm Lo demand anyLhlng he wlshed buL CrlhapaLl refused lndra became
furlous and Lrled Lo aLLack hlm wlLh hls weaponva[ra CrlhapaLl was very Lerrlfled
8lghL Lhen Lord Shlva appeared and lndra had Lo reLreaL from Lhe scene Lord Shlva blessed
CrlhapaLl by saylng WhaL Lo say abouL Lhls llghLnlng va[ra even kalva[ra would noL be able
Lo klll you
CrlhapaLl became very pleased 1he Shlvallnga whlch he worshlpped laLer on became famous as
Agnlshwar llnga Lord Shlva made CrlhapaLl Lhe lord of all Lhe dlrecLlons
LC8u SPlvAS lnCA8n1lCn AS ?AkSPLSPWA8
uurlng Lhe Llme when ocean was belng churned flrsL of all polson appeared from lL 1he delLles
were very Lerrlfled Lo see Lhe Lremendous heaL lL generaLed 1hey wenL Lo lord Shlva and
requesLed Lo proLecL Lhem from Lhe heaL of LhaL polson Lord Shlva drank all Lhe polson buL dld
noL leL lL pass down hls LhroaL
AfLer Lhe polson necLar appeared from Lhe ocean whlch was drunk by Lhe delLles 1he demons
Loo wanLed Lo drlnk Lhe necLar so a Lremendous baLLle ensued beLween Lhem and Lhe delLles 1he
delLles became vlcLorlous ln Lhls baLLle because Lhey had become lmmorLal due Lo Lhe effecL of Lhe
necLar 1hls vlcLory made Lhe delLles very arroganL
Lord Shlva was very concerned abouL Lhelr arroganL naLure Pe wenL Lo Lhem ln Lhe gulse of a
?aksha Pe asked as Lo whaL was lL LhaL had made Lhem so arroganL 1he delLles replled LhaL Lhelr
arrogance sLemmed from vlcLory over Lhe demons Lord Shlva who was dlsgulsed as ?aksha
replled ?our prlde ls based on false noLlon because you dld noL achleve vlcLory due Lo
somebodys grace and blesslng
1he delLles dlsagreed wlLh hlm Lord Shlva Lhen asked Lhem Lo cuL Lhe grass lf Lhey consldered
Lhemselves so mlghLy Pe Lhen kepL a grass leaf ln fronL of Lhem Lach of Lhe delLles Lrled Lo cuL
LhaL grass wlLh Lhelr respecLlve weapons buL remalned unsuccessful ln Lhelr aLLempLs 1hey were
all amazed Suddenly a heavenly volce was heard whlch sald LhaL Lhe ?aksha was none oLher
Lhan Lord Shlva hlmself 1he delLles reallzed Lhelr mlsLakes 1hey apologlzed Lo lord Shlva
AfLer vanqulshlng Lhe false prlde of Lhe delLles lord Shlva dlsappeared
1Ln lnCA8nA1lCnS Cl SPlvA Anu SPAk1l
uescrlblng abouL Lhe Len lncarnaLlons and Lhelr correspondlng power (ShakLl) SuLa sald1he flrsL
lncarnaLlon of lord Shlva was as Mahakal and hls ShakLl was called Mahakall Lord
Shlva Look hls second lncarnaLlon as 1ar and hls ShakLl was called 1ara 1he Lhlrd lncarnaLlon
of Lord Shlva was as 8huvaneshwar and hls ShakLl was called 8huvaneshwarl Lord Shlva Look
hls fourLh lncarnaLlon as Shodash who was also known as Srlvlddyesh and hls ShakLl was
called Shodashl or Srl
Lord Shlva Look hls flfLh lncarnaLlon as 8halrav and hls ShakLl was called 8halravl 1he slxLh
lncarnaLlon of Lord Shlva ls famous as ChhlnamasLak and hls ShakLl by Lhe name of
ChhlnamasLa Lord Shlva Look hls sevenLh lncarnaLlon as uhoomvan and hls ShakLl was known
as uhoomvaLl 1he elghLh lncarnaLlon was as 8aglamukh and hls ShakLl as 8aglamukhl 1he
nlneLh lncarnaLlon of lord Shlva became famous as MaLang and hls ShakLl as MaLangl Lord
Shlva Look hls LenLh lncarnaLlon as kamal and hls ShakLl as kamala lf Lhese Len lncarnaLlons of
Shlva are worshlpped along wlLh hls Len Mahavldyas Lhen a man aLLalns salvaLlon
1PL C8lCln Cl LLLvLn 8uu8AS
Cnce Lhe delLles wenL Lo sage kashyapa afLer belng LormenLed by Lhe demons 1hey complalned
Lo hlm abouL Lhe mlsdeeds of Lhe demons who also happened Lo be Lhelr sLep broLhers Sage
kashyapa became exLremely furlous when he heard abouL Lhe mlsdeeds of hls sons Lhe
demons 1o proLecL Lhe delLles from hls sons he commenced a penance Lo please lord Shlva
Lord Shlva became very pleased by hls penance and appeared before hlm Pe asked kashyapa Lo
demand anyLhlng he wlshed kashyapa Lhen requesLed Lord Shlva Lo Lake blrLh as hls son and
desLroy Lhe demons Lord Shlva blessed hlm and sald So be lL Lord Shlva laLer on Look blrLh as eleven
8udras from Lhe womb of hls wlfe Surabhl 1he name
of Lhese eleven rudras were as follows
1) kapall 2) lngal 3) 8heem 4) vlrupaksha 3) vllohlL 6) ShasLra 7) A[apad 8)Ahlrbudhnya
9) Shambhu 10) Chand and 11) 8hav
1hese eleven 8udras foughL baLLles wlLh Lhe demons and kllled Lhem 1he delLles were relleved
afLer Lhe deaLh of Lhe demons 1hey worshlpped Lhese eleven rudras Lo express Lhelr graLlLude and
lndebLedness
SPlvAS lnCA8nA1lCn AS uu8vASA
uescrlblng abouL Lhe Lord Shlvas lncarnaLlon as uurvasa SuLa Lold Lhe delLles once ALrl Lhe
manaspuLra of lord 8rahma wenL Lo do penance aL Lhe bank of Lhe rlver nlvlndhya whlch flew by Lhe
fooLhllls of 1rayakshakul mounLaln as per Lhe lnsLrucLlons of Lord 8rahma hlmself Pe commenced dolng
a Lremendous penance 1he effecLs of hls penance was such LhaL devasLaLlng flames of flre manlfesLed
from hls head 1he flre spread ln all Lhe Lhree world ln no Llme 1he delLles were Lerrlfled by Lhe deaLh
and
desLrucLlon caused by Lhe flre ln all Lhe Lhree worlds 1hey wenL Lo lord 8rahma Lo seek hls help Lord
8rahma Look Lhem Lo lord vlshnu and revealed Lo hlm abouL Lhe desLrucLlon caused by Lhe flre All of
Lhem
wenL Lo lord Shlva and Lold hlm everyLhlng
Lord 8rahma Lord vlshnu and Lord Shlva wenL Lo ALrl and blessed hlm ALrl recognlzed Lhem
Pe euloglzed Lhem LaLer on ALrls wlfe Anusuya gave blrLh Lo Lhree sons who ln facL were Lhe
lncarnaLlons of Lord 8rahma Lord vlshnu and Lord Shlva Lord 8rahma lncarnaLlon as Lhe
Moon Lord vlshnu as uuLL and Shlva Look lncarnaLlon as uurvasa
uurvasa had LesLed Lhe rellglousness and vlrLuoslLy of numerous people Pe had also LesLed Lhe
rellglousness of klng Ambareesh who ruled over SapLadweepa Cnce klng Ambareesh had
observed a fasL on Lkadashl nexL day when he was abouL Lo break hls fasL sage uurvasa
arrlved accompanled by hls large number of dlsclples
uurvasa was very furlous wlLh klng Ambareesh Pe sald
?ou had lnvlLed me for Lhls parLlcular buL you have also lnsulLed me by breaklng Lhe fasL by
drlnklng waLer ln my absence
Sage uurvasa would have burnL klng Ambareesh Lo ashes by hls curse had noL SudarshanLhe
weapon of vlshnu came Lo hls rescue Sudarshan Lhen Lrled Lo burn sage uurvasa when suddenly
a heavenly volce was heard from Lhe sky whlch sald
uurvasa ls no one buL Lhe lncarnaLlon of lord Shlva hlmself Pearlng Lhls Sudarshans anger
was paclfled klng Ambareesh Lhen begged hls forglveness from sage uurvasa
lnCA8nA1lCn Cl PAnuMAnLord Shlva was so lnfaLuaLed by Lhe appearance of lord vlshnu ln hls form
of Mohlnl roopa LhaL
hls semen was released on Lhe ground 1hls semen was esLabllshed by Lhe SapLarlshls ln Lhe
womb of An[anl wlLh Lhe permlsslon of lord Shlva hlmself
ln Lhls way was born Lhe mlghLy Panuman Cnce durlng hls chlldhood Panuman had swallowed
Lhe Sun whlch he released only afLer Lhe delLles prayed Lo hlm 1he sun accepLed hlm as hls
dlsclple and made hlm proflclenL ln all Lhe learnlngs Pe sLarLed llvlng wlLh Sugrlva as per Lhe
lnsLrucLlons of hls Leacher Lhe Sun
uurlng Lhe Llme of Srl 8amas exlle Sugrlva developed frlendshlp wlLh hlm wlLh Lhe help of
Panuman Panuman helped Srl 8ama ln flndlng Lhe whereabouLs of SlLa who had been abducLed
by Lhe demon klng 8avana Pe Look a glanL leap and [umped across Lhe ocean Pe wenL Lo
AshokvaLlka where 8avana had kepL SlLa Pe gave Srl 8amas rlng Lo her and consoled her by
saylng LhaL very soon Srl 8ama was golng Lo arrlve and release her from 8avanas capLlvlLy Pe
also burnL Lhe whole Lanka by hls burnlng Lall and reLurned Lo Srl 8ama Lo glve hlm SlLas news
whlle Lhe baLLle was foughL beLween Srl 8ama and 8avana Lakshmana goL serlously ln[ured and
became unconsclous Panuman saves hls llfe by brlnglng Lhe whole of mounLaln upon whlch Lhe
herb San[lvanl grew
8elng presenL aL Lhe servlce of Srl 8ama Panuman performed hls duLles marvelously Worshlp
of Panuman helps a man Lo become free from all klnds of problems dlseases and hurdles eLc
SPlvAS lnCA8nA1lCn AS MAPLSP
Cnce 8halrav who was enLrusLed wlLh Lhe [ob of a doorkeeper became so lnfaLuaLed wlLh
arvaLls beauLy LhaL he Lrled Lo prevenL her from golng ouLslde
arvaLl became furlous and cursed hlm Lo be born as a morLal man on Lhe earLh 8halrav became
very sad buL now Lhe damage had been already done 8halrav laLer on appeared ln Lhe form of a
man named veLal
veLal prayed Lo lord Shlva who Look hls lncarnaLlon as Mahesh and goddess arvaLl as Clrl[a
LC8u vlSPnu C8LA1LS 1u88uLLnCLS
AfLer Lhe churnlng of Lhe ocean had been accompllshed numerous Lhlngs had emerged ouL from
Lhe ocean !ewels Moon Lakshml olson uchchalshrava horse AlravaL elephanL vessel
conLalnlng necLar were some of Lhe Lhlngs whlch emerged ouL from Lhe ocean afLer Lhe churnlng
A Lremendous baLLle was foughL beLween Lhe delLles and Lhe demons Lo have conLrol over Lhe
vessel conLalnlng necLar 1he demons had snaLched LhaL vessel from Lhe delLles
8y Lhe dlvlne lnsplraLlon of lord Shlva vlshnu appeared ln Lhe form of Mohlnl Lhe enchanLlng
beauLy Pe successfully recovered LhaL vessel from Lhe conLrol of Lhe demons 1o dlsLracL Lhe aLLenLlon
of Lhe demons from Lhe necLar lord vlshnu creaLed numerous
enchanLlng beauLles When Lhe demons saw Lhem Lhey forclbly carrled Lhese enchanLlng beauLles
Lo Lhelr abode Lhe neLher world AfLer LhaL Lhey agaln reLurned Lo Lake conLrol of Lhe necLar
8y LhaL Llme vlshnu had made Lhe delLles drlnk all Lhe necLar When Lhe demons came Lo know
abouL Lhls Lhey became very furlous and aLLacked Lhe delLles A Lremendous baLLle ensured
beLween boLh Lhe sldes ulLlmaLely Lhe demons goL defeaLed 1o save Lhelr llves Lhe demon ran
Lowards Lhelr abode Lord vlshnu chased Lhe demons and enLered Lhe neLherland Pe kllled all
Lhe demons
Lord vlshnu Lhen saw Lhose enchanLlng beauLles who had been abducLed by Lhe demons
lronlcally lord vlshnu goL lnfaLuaLed by Lhelr beauLy who were hls own creaLlon Lord vlshnu
remalned Lhere for a long Llme
SPlvAS lnCA8nA1lCn AS v8lSPA8P
uurlng hls sLay ln Lhe neLherland many sons were born Lo Lord vlshnu who were very wlcked
and cruel 1hese sons of lord vlshnu sLarLed LormenLlng Lhe lnhablLanLs of all Lhe Lhree world All
Lhe delLles and Lhe sages wenL Lo lord Shlva Lo Lake hls help 1hey requesLed hlm Lo klll Lhe cruel
sons of vlshnu and reesLabllsh hlm (lord vlshnu) ln hls own abode whlch he had abandoned for
Lhe neLher world
Lord Shlva wenL Lo Lhe neLherworld ln Lhe form of an Cx (vrlshabh) Pe kllled all Lhe sons of
lord vlshnu wlLh hls sharp horns Seelng Lhe deaLh of hls sons lord vlshnu came forward Lo flghL
hlm Pe aLLacked lord Shlva wlLh hls varlous weapons buL lord Shlva remalned harmless
ulLlmaLely lord vlshnu was able Lo recognlse hlm Pe euloglzed lord Shlva
Lord Shlva Lhen requesLed hlm Lo reLurn back Lo vlshnuloka he accepLed Lord vlshnu lefL hls
Sudarshan chakra ln Lhe neLherworld and wenL Lo hls own abode where lord Shlva presenLed
hlm a new Sudarshan chakra
klLLlnC Cl v8l118ASu8
Cnce when Lhe delLles were defeaLed by vrlLLrasur Lhey wenL Lo lord 8rahma afLer hldlng Lhelr
weapons ln Lhe hermlLage of sage uadhlchl 1hey requesLed lord 8rahma Lo reveal abouL Lhe
means how vrlLLrasur could be kllled
Lord 8rahma advlsed Lhe delLles Lo male a weapon named va[ra from Lhe bones of sages
uadhlchl as uadhlchls bones were even harder Lhan Lhe va[ra of lndra by Lhe blesslngs of lord
Shlva
All Lhe delLles Lhen wenL Lo Lhe hermlLage of uadhlchl ln Lhe leadershlp of 8rlhaspaLl Cn belng
enqulred abouL Lhe purpose of Lhelr vlslL lndra sald LhaL he wanLed hls bones so LhaL a weapon
could be made ouL of lL uadhlchl gave up hls llfe by hls yoglc power lndra Lhen lnsLrucLed kamdhenu Lo
exLracL Lhe
bones from Lhe dead body of uadhlchl 1he bones were on glven Lo 1washLa Lo consLrucL Lhe
weaponva[ra 1washLa Look Lhe weapons Lo vlshwakarma who aL lasL consLrucLed Lhe va[ra
lndra kllled vrlLLrasur wlLh Lhls weapon When Suvarcha Lhe wlfe of uadhlchl came Lo know
abouL Lhe cunnlng deeds of Lhe delLles she cursed Lhem Lo become anlmals
SPlvAS lnCA8nA1lCn AS ?A1lnA1P
1here used Lo llve a bheel named Ahuk of Lhe Arbudachal mounLaln Pls wlfe was Ahuka 8oLh
of Lhem were supreme devoLee of lord Shlva
Cnce lord Shlva wanLlng Lo LesL Lhelr devoLlon appeared before Lhem dlsgulsed a hermlL Ahuk
honored hls guesL and LreaLed hlm very well Lord Shlva Lhen requesLed hlm Lo glve shelLer for
Lhe whole nlghL Ahuk expressed hls lnablllLy as he had a very small huL ln whlch only Lwo
people could be accommodaLe aL a Llme
8uL hls wlfe lnLervened and requesLed Ahuk Lo sleep ouLslde Lhe huL wlLh hls arms as lL would be
lnapproprlaLe on Lhelr parL Lo mlss Lhls chance of provlng Lhelr hosplLallLy
1he hermlL who ln reallLy was lord Shlva slepL wlLh Ahuks wlfe lnslde Lhe huL whlle Ahuk
hlmself slepL ouLslde Lhe huL unforLunaLely Ahuk was kllled by a wlld anlmal whlle he was
asleep
ln Lhe mornlng when lord Shlva found LhaL Ahuk had dled hls hearL was fllled wlLh grlef 8uL
Ahuka consoled hlm by saylng LhaL she was proud of her husband as he had glven up hls llfe for
a noble cause naLurally she was very much saddened by her husbands deaLh so she declded Lo
glve up her llfe by [umplng lnLo Lhe burnlng pyre
8lghL Lhen lord Shlva appeared ln hls real form and blessed her by saylng
ln hls nexL blrLh your husband would Lake blrLh ln a royal famlly Pe would become famous as
nala and you would be born as uamayanLl Lo klng 8hlma of vldarbha l would myself appear ln
Lhe form of a swan and help boLh of you Lo unlLe AfLer en[oylng all Lhe pleasures of Lhls world
boLh of you would aLLaln Lo may abode
AfLer saylng Lhus lord Shlva esLabllshed hlmself as lmmovable Shlvallnga whlch laLer on
became famous as Achaleshwar llnga
SPlvAS lnCA8nA1lCn AS k8lSPnA uA8SPAn
klng nabhag was born ln Lhe nlneLh geneology of Shradhadeva who hlmself was a descendanL of
lkshavaku nabhag was Lhe grandfaLher of Ambareesh uurlng hls chlldhood nabhag lefL hls
home for gurukula Lo geL educaLlon ln hls absence hls broLhers goL Lhe wealLh of Lhe klngdom
dlsLrlbuLed among Lhemselves When nabhag reLurned home afLer Lhe compleLlon of hls educaLlon he
demanded hls share of
wealLh from hls broLhers Pls broLhers Lold hlm LhaL Lhey had forgoLLen Lo flx hls share as he was
absenL aL Lhe Llme when wealLh was belng dlsLrlbuLed 1hey advlsed hlm Lo go and meeL Lhelr
faLher
nabhag wenL Lo hls faLher and made Lhe same requesL Pls faLher advlsed hlm Lo go Lo sage
Anglras who was Lrylng Lo accompllsh a yagya buL was noL belng able Lo accompllsh lL because
of hls aLLachmenL
Co and Lry Lo ellmlnaLe hls aLLachmenL by your dlscourses 1hls way sage Anglras on belng
pleased wlLh you would glve all Lhe wealLh whlch remalns afLer Lhe compleLlon of Lhe yagya
sald hls faLher
nabhag dld Lhe same Pe wenL Lo Lhe place where sage Anglras was performlng hls yagya Pe
preached sage Anglras on Lhe vlrLues of 8ellglousness As a resulL he became free from all sorLs
of aLLachmenLs and Lhe yagya was successfully accompllshed
Sage Anglras was very pleased by nabhags knowledge of rellglon Pe gave all Lhe remalnlng
wealLh of Lhe yagya Lo nabhag !usL Lhen lord Shlva arrlved Lhere ln hls lncarnaLlon of krlshna
darshan and Lrled Lo prevenL sage Anglras from donaLlng Lhe wealLh Lo nabhag lnsLead he sLaked
hls own clalm
nabhag Lold lord Shlva LhaL slnce Lhe wealLh was glven Lo hlm by sage Anglras hlmself lL
naLurally belonged Lo hlm Lord Shlva Lhen senL nabhag Lo hls faLher Shradhadev Lo know abouL
hls oplnlon nabhag wenL Lo Shradha deva who revealed Lo hlm LhaL Lhe person who was sLaklng
hls clalms on Lhe wealLh was none oLher Lhen lord Shlva Pe also Lold hlm LhaL whaLever
remalned afLer Lhe accompllshmenL of Lhe yagya belongs Lo lord Shlva only
nabhag was now saLlsfled Pe wenL back Lo lord Shlva and narraLed everyLhlng whaL hls faLher
had sald Pe Lhen euloglzed and worshlpped lord Shlva Lord Shlva blessed hlm whlch helped
nabhag Lo aLLaln salvaLlon
LC8u SPlvA ALA8S AS A 8LCCA8
1here was a klng named SaLyaraLh who ruled over vldarbha Cnce he was aLLacked by a
nelghbourlng klng SaLyaraLh was kllled ln LhaL baLLle Pls wlfe somehow managed Lo save her
llfe by hldlng ln a foresL 1he queen was pregnanL aL LhaL Llme
AL Lhe shore of a pond she gave blrLh Lo a chlld She was feellng LhlrsLy so she wenL lnLo Lhe
pond Lo quench her LhlrsL unforLunaLely she was kllled by a crocodlle who used Lo llve ln LhaL
pond
1he hungry chlld sLarLed crylng A beggar woman arrlved Lhere wlLh her one year old chlld
1hough her hearL was fllled wlLh compasslon seelng Lhe hungry chlld cry buL sLlll she was
heslLaLlng Lo Lake hlm ln her lap 8lghL Lhen lord Shlva appeared as a beggar and advlsed her Lo brlng up
Lhe orphan chlld 1he
beggar woman asked abouL Lhe orlgln of Lhe chlld Lord Shlva Lold her LhaL Lhe faLher of Lhls chlld
SaLyaraLh ln hls prevlous llfe had lefL Lhe pradoshavraLa lncompleLe Pe had also ordered hls men
Lo severe Lhe head of hls enemy AfLer Lhls he had broken hls fasL ln hls lmpure sLaLe wlLhouL
Laklng a baLh
As a resulL SaLyaraLh meL a premaLuredeaLh ln hls nexL llfe 1he moLher of Lhls orphan chlld Loo
commlLLed a sln by decelLfully geLLlng Lhe cowlfe of her husband kllled As a resulL she was
devoured by a crocodlle ln her nexL llfe
uescrlblng abouL Lhe chlld lord Shlva sald
1hls chlld was brahmln by blrLh ln hls prevlous llfe buL sLlll he never engaged hlmself ln any
rellglous or vlrLuous deeds So ln hls nexL llfe Lhough he was born ln a royal famlly sLlll he
remalned poor ?ou musL Lake Lhls chlld under your conLrol and afLer hls sacredLhread ceremony
geLs accompllshed you musL engage hlm ln my (Shlvas) devoLlon lf you donL obey my
command Lhen lL would noL be good for Lhe welfare of your own chlld
AfLer saylng llke Lhls lord Shlva dlsappeared 1he beggar woman Look LhaL chlld Lo her house and
broughL hlm up wlLh greaL love and care When he grew up hls sacredLhread ceremony was
performed and Lhen he was lnlLlaLed lnLo Lhe worshlp of lord Shlva
8y Lhe blesslng of lord Shlva SaLyaraLhs son formed a poL full of gold whlle he was Laklng boLh
ln a pond now Lhe beggar famlly became very rlch Cnce agaln when he had gone Lo a foresL he
meL a gandharva prlncess Lo whom he ulLlmaLely goL marrled 1hls way he became a klng Pe
llved happlly wlLh hls moLher and hls broLher
LC8u SPlvA ALA8S ln 1PL CulSL Cl lnu8A (Su8LSPWA8)
upamanyu Lhe son of sage vyaghrapad was broughL up ln hls maLernal uncles home slnce hls
chlldhood Cne day upanyu was very hungry Pls moLher gave hlm mllk Lo drlnk whlch was noL
enough Lo saLlsfy hls hunger Pe demanded more and sLarLed crylng Pls moLher mlned some
wheaL flour ln Lhe waLer and gave hlm Lo drlnk as Lhere was no mllk lefL ln Lhe house upamanyu
flndlng Lhe LasLe dlfferenL Lold hls moLher LhaL lL was noL mllk buL someLhlng else Pe agaln
sLarLed crylng
Pls moLher Lold hlm LhaL lf he wanLed mllk Lhen he should worshlp lord Shlva as he only was
capable of maklng Lhe mllk avallable upamanyu proceeded Lowards Lhe Plmalaya and sLarLed
dolng penance Lo please lord Shlva conLlnuously chanLlng Lhe manLra Cm namah Shlvay Pls
penance generaLed so much of heaL LhaL all Lhe Lhree worlds sLarLed burnlng
1o LesL hls devoLlon Lord Shlva and goddess arvaLl appeared before hlm dlsgulsed as lndra and
lndranl respecLlvely 8oLh of Lhem Lold upamanyu Lo sLop dolng penance 1hey sald
We lndra and lndranl are exLremely pleased by your devoLlon SLop worshlpplng Shlva We wlll
fulflll all your deslres Lord Shlva and goddess arvaLl dld noL sLop aL Lhls 1hey even cursed Shlva
upamanyu became
very furlous and goL up Lo aLLack Lhe abuser lndra
Shlva and arvaLl were saLlsfled by hls LoLal dedlcaLlon and devoLlon 1hey revealed Lhelr real
ldenLlLy and blessed hlm Shlva promlsed upamanyu LhaL he would be presenL ln Lhe vlclnlLy of
hls hermlLage along wlLh arvaLl forever
upamanyu reLurned back Lo hls home and narraLed Lhe whole sLory Lo hls moLher who was very
pleased Lord Shlva goL Lhe name Sureshwar because he appeared ln Lhe gulse of lndra
SACL v?ASA AuvlSLS 1PL AnuAvAS 1C
WC8SPl SPlvA
AfLer looslng Lhelr whole klngdom Lo uuryodhan ln Lhe gamble andavas wenL Lo Lhe dwalL
foresL accompanled by uraupadl 1hey sLarLed llvlng ln a place whlch was donaLed by veloLra
Sun
uuryodhan lnsLlgaLed sage uurvasa Lo LormenL Lhe andavas Sage uurvasa wenL Lo Lhe place
where andavas were sLaylng accompanled by Lhousands of hls dlsclples Pe demanded food
from Lhe andavas Pow could have Lhe andavas saLlaLed from Lhe hunger of Lhousands of
people Lord krlshna came Lo Lhelr rescue and saved Lhem from belng dlsagraced As a resulL
uurvasa and hls dlsclples wenL back saLlsfled
Lord krlshna advlsed Lhe andavas Lo worshlp lord Shlva buL Lhey neglecLed LhaL advlce As a
resulL Lhelr sufferlngs lncreased ln magnlLude Cne day sage vyasa arrlved Lhere 1he andavas
gave a rouslng recepLlon Conslderlng Ar[una Lo be Lhe mosL capable among Lhe andavas vyasa
LaughL hlm Lhe meLhod of dolng arLhlva worshlp LaLer on Ar[una wenL Lo Lhe lndrakeel
mounLaln Lo please lndra by hls penance Sage vyasa preached ?udhlsLhlra Lo remaln flrm on hls
vlrLuously and rellglousness
Ar[unas penance generaLed so much of heaL LhaL all Lhe llvlng creaLure of Lhe Lhree worlds were
unable Lo bear lLs scorchlng heaL All Lhe llvlng creaLures of Lhe Lhree worlds wenL Lo lndra Lo
seek hls help
lndra wenL Lo Ar[una ln Lhe gulse of a cellbaLe and asked abouL Lhe purpose for whlch he was
dolng penance Ar[una Lold hlm LhaL he wanLed Lo defeaL Lhe kauravas lndra Lhen Lold Ar[una
LhaL lL was noL ln hls capaclLy Lo help hlm achleve vlcLory over Lhe kauravas because of
AswaLLhama who was a parLlal lncarnaLlon of lord Shlva
lndra advlsed Ar[una Lo please lord Shlva by hls penance so LhaL hls wlshes could be fulfllled
lndra Lhen enLrusLed some of hls men Lhe [ob of Ar[unas securlLy and wenL back Lo hls abode
Ar[una commenced hls penance Lo please lord Shlva LC8u SPlvA ALA8S ln CulSL Cl kl8A1 Anu
8LLSSLS A8!unA
Ar[una dld a Lremendous penance by sLandlng only on one leg and concenLraLlng hls gaze upon
Lhe blazlng sun 1he delLles became very lmpressed by Ar[unas penance 1hey wenL Lo lord
Shlva and requesLed hlm Lo bless Ar[una Lord Shlva accepLed Lhelr requesL
uuryodhan had senL a demon named Mooka Lo klll Ar[una Mooka had dlsgulsed hlmself as a
boar Ar[una was engrossed ln hls medlLaLlon when suddenly hls concenLraLlon goL dlsLurbed by
a loud nolse Pe opened hls eyes and saw Mooka belng chased by a band of klraLs ln facL lL was
none oLher Lhan Shlva who had appeared ln Lhe gulse of klraL
8oLh Ar[una and Lord Shlva sLruck Lhe boar wlLh Lhelr respecLlve arrows aL Lhe same Llme As a
resulL Lhe boar was kllled
Lord Shlva senL hls ganas Lo brlng back Lhe arrow Slmllarly Ar[una Loo wenL near Lhe dead boar
Lo brlng hls arrow Ar[una found hls arrow lylng on Lhe ground Pe plcked lL up ln hls hand
8lghL Lhen Lhe ganas arrlved Lhere and asked Ar[una Lo reLurn LhaL arrow as lL belonged Lo Lhelr
masLer (Shlva) 8uL Ar[una refused Lo parL wlLh hls arrow lnsLead he asked Lhe ganas Lo convey
hls challenge Lo Lhelr masLer Lo have a dual wlLh hlm
1he ganas wenL back Lo lord Shlva and narraLed Lhe whole sLory Lo hlm Lord Shlva accepLed
Ar[unas challenge and wenL Lo flghL hlm Pls ganas accompanled hlm Ar[una defeaLed all Lhe
ganas of Shlva ln Lhe end Lord Shlva came forward Lo have a dual flghL wlLh hlm Shlva was
very much lmpressed by hls valour Pe revealed hls real ldenLlLy Ar[una was very ashamed LhaL
he foughL wlLh Shlva Lord Shlva consoled hlm and gave hls weapon ashupaL Lo Ar[una
1PL 1WLLvL !?C1l8LlnCAS
uescrlblng abouL Lhe Lwelve !yoLlrllngas SuLa Lold Lhe sages 1here are Lwelve !yoLlrllngas
whlch are as lollows 1) SomnaLh ln SaurashLra 2) MalllkAr[una ln Srl Shall 3) Mahakal ln
u[[aln 4) Amareshwar ln Cmkar 3) kedar ln Lhe Plmalaya 6)8hlmashankar aL Lhe bank of
8hlma rlver 7) vlshwanaLh ln varanasl 8)1rayambakeshwar ar Lhe bank of CauLaml rlver 9)
8aldyanaLh aL ChlLabhuml 10)nagesh whlch ls beLween uarukvan dwarlka and 8heL dwarlka
11)8ameshwar aL 8eLubandh and 12) uhushmesh ln Shlvalaya
1hese above menLloned Lwelve !yoLlrllngas are consldered Lo Lhe very sacred A devoLee who
pays a vlslL Lo any of Lhese places and worshlp geLs all of hls wlshed fulfllled
CuL of Lhese Lwelve !yoLlrllngas SomnaLh !yoLlrllnga ls bellved Lo desLroy Lhe sorrows of Moon
A devoLee who worshlps Lhls !yoLlrllnga geLs cured from lncurable dlseases llke leprosy eLc
en[oys all klnds of worldly pleasures and aLLalns salvaLlon
Slmllarly havlng a darshan of MalllkAr[una helps a devoLee Lo fulflll all of hls deslres Pavlng a darshan of
Mahakal aL u[[aln helps a devoLee Lo fulflll all klnds of deslre and achleve
salvaLlon
Slmllarly lf a devoLee merely Louches Lhe ldol of Cmkar llnga Lhen he achleves Lhe deslred frulLs
kedarllnga ls slLuaLed ln Lhe Plmalayas and ls consldered Lo be very sacred
Lord Shlva Look hls slxLh lncarnaLlon as 8hlma Shankar Lo klll Lhe demon 8hlma 1hls
lncarnaLlon of Shlva Lool place aL a place called kamarupa ln Assam
1he sevenLh lncarnaLlon of lord Shlva was as vlshwanaLh aL kashl 1hls !yoLlrllnga ls consldered
Lo be very sacred and fulflller of all Lhe deslres of a man
Lord Shlva Look hls elghLh lncarnaLlon aL Lhe bank of rlver CauLaml aL Lhe requesL of sage
CauLam 1hls !yoLlrllnga Loo ls consldered Lo be very sacred and a fulflller of all Lhe deslres of a
man
1he nlnLh lncarnaLlon of Shlva was as 8aldyanaLh aL ueoghar ln 8lhar 1hls !yoLlrllnga was
esLabllshed by Lhe demon klng 8avana A devoLee who worshlps Lhls !yoLlrllnga geLs all of hls
wlshes fulfllled 8ecause of Lhls lL la also known as kamanallnga uevoLees carry Lhe holy waLer
of Lhe Canges from SulLangan[ and boLh Lhe ldol of 8aldyanaLh ln Lhe monLhs of Shravana and
8hadrapaksha accordlng Lo Lhe Plndu calendar
Lord Shlva Look hls LenLh lncarnaLlon Lo klll Lhe demon uaruk who used Lo llve ln uaruk foresL
A devoLee who worshlps nagesh never faces any calamlLy 1he elevenLh lncarnaLlon of lord
Shlva was as 8ameshwar llnga Lhls llnga was esLabllshed by Srl 8ama whlle Lhe consLrucLlon of
a brldge over Lhe sea was golng on Pavlng a darshan of Lhls !yoLlrllnga besLowes boLh worldly
pleasures and salvaLlon
Lord Shlva Look hls LwelfLh lncarnaLlon as uhumeshwar afLer belng pleased by uhushma Lhe
wlfe of Sumedha Pavlng a darshan of Lhls !yoLlrllnga helps a devoLee Lo fulflll all of hls deslres
All Lhe above menLloned Lwelve !yoLlrllngas are very sacred and glve LoLal accompllshmenL Lo Lhe
devoLees
A81 lCu8 kC1l 8uu8A SAMPl1A
1PL C8LA1nLSS Cl uALlnCAS
AfLer descrlblng abouL Lhe Lwelve !yoLlrllnga SuLa menLloned abouL Lhe varlous upallngas
orlglnaLlng from Lhem 1he upallnga named Someshwar ls slLuaLed aL a place where Lhe earLh
meeLs Lhe ocean 1hls upallnga ls also known as AnLakesh
1he upallnga orlglnaLlng from MalllkAr[una ls famous by Lhe name of 8udreshwar Slmllarly
Lhe upallnga orlglnaLlng from Mahakal !yoLlrllnga ls known as uughdhesh 1he upallnga manlfesLlng
from Cmkar [yoLlrllnga ls famous as kardameshwar 1he upallnga
manlfesLlng from kedareshwar [yoLlrllnga ls known as 8huLeshwar and ls slLuaLed aL Lhe bank of
?amuna 8lver
1he upallnga manlfesLlng from 8hlma Shankar !yoLlrllnga ls famously known as
8heemeshwar 1he upallngas manlfesLlng from nageshwar 8ameshwar and uhushmeshwar
!yoLlrllngas are known as 8huLeshwar CupLeshwar and vyagreshwar respecLlvely
All Lhese upallngas are consldered Lo be very sacred A devoLee who has darshan of Lhese
upallngas geLs llberaLed from all of hls slns
AparL from Lhese Lwelve !yoLlrllngas and upallngas Lhere are numerous oLher llngas whlch have
greaL rellglous lmporLance 1hey are krlLlkavaseshwar 1llmandeshwar 8huLeshwar
8aLukeshwar ureshwar SlddhanaLeshwar Srlngeshwar Copeshwar 8angeshwar 8ameshwar
ALrlshwar Mahabal Llnga kameshwar Caneshwar Shukreshwar Chandrashekar 8lshlshwar
LallLeshwar ashupaLlshwar (ashupaLlnaLh) kumLlnaLh and Andhakeshwar eLc
A18l Anu AnuSu?A uC LnAnACL
Sage ALrl and hls wlfe Anusuya were dolng penance ln Lhe foresL called kamad slLuaLed near Lhe
ChlLrakuL mounLaln Cnce lL dld noL raln for many days As a resulL people llvlng ln LhaL area
faced a severe droughL
Anusuya requesLed her husband Lo help ouL Lhe people from Lhelr hardshlps Sage ALrl saL down
Lo medlLaLe Cne by one hls dlsclples deserLed hlm Cnly Anusuya remalned wlLh hlm She spenL
her days worshlpplng Lhe arLhlva llngas and clrcumambulaLlng sage ALrl who was engrossed ln
hls medlLaLlon She had vowed noL Lo have a slngle morsel of food Llll lL ralned
All Lhe delLles became very pleased wlLh Lhelr penance 1hey arrlved aL Lhe place where boLh of
Lhem were dolng penance and afLer glvlng blesslngs wenL back Lo Lhelr respecLlve abodes
Lord Shlva and rlver Canges sLayed Lhere lL dld noL raln for flfLy four years 8oLh sage ALrl and
Anusuya conLlnued wlLh Lhelr respecLlve penance
Whlle dolng penance sage ALrl felL LhlrsLy Pe requesLed Anusuya Lo feLch some waLer Anusuya
wenL wlLh a kamandal ln search of waLer buL dld noL flnd lL anywhere
Canga appeared before her and sald l am very pleased wlLh you ?ou can demand anyLhlng
from me you llke
Anusuya demanded only a kamandal full of waLer for her husband Canga lnsLrucLed her Lo dlg
up a plL and when lL was done she enLered lnLo LhaL plL Anusuya fllled her kamandal wlLh Lhe
waLer from LhaL plL and wenL back Lo her LhlrsLy husband
AfLer quenchlng hls LhlrsL ALrl enqulred from Anusuya as Lo where dld she flnd waLer Anusuya
narraLed Lhe whole sLory 8oLh of Lhem Lhen wenL back Lo Lhe place where Anusuya had meL Canga
8oLh of Lhem requesLed Canga Lo sLay aL LhaL very place Canga agreed Lo remaln Lhere on
Lhe condlLlon LhaL Anusuya donaLes all Lhe vlrLues aLLalned by her husband by worshlpplng Lord
Shlva for one year
Anusuya donaLed all Lhe vlrLues wlLhouL any heslLaLlon Lord Shlva became very much pleased
by Lhelr charlLable Lendencles Pe appeared before Lhem AfLer euloglzlng ALrl requesLed lord
Shlva Lo remaln ln hls hermlLage accompanled by arvaLl Lord Shlva agreed Lo do so Canga
also sLayed wlLh Lhem LaLer on ALrl performed a grand ?agya afLer Lhe compleLlon of whlch lL
ralned heavlly 1hus ALrl ended Lhe phase of droughL by hls Lremendous penance
8lver Mandakanl flows from LhaL same lL whlch Anusuya had dugged up 1he Shlvallnga
whlch was worshlpped by Anusuya durlng LhaL Llme laLer on came Lo be known as ALrlshwar
Llnga
1PL 88APMln WCMAn A11AlnS 1C PLAvLn
Cnce upon a Llme Lhere llved a brahmln aL a place called karnl slLuaLed aL Lhe bank of rlver
8eva When Lhe brahmln became old he wenL Lo kashl afLer leavlng behlnd hls wlfe Lo llve wlLh
hls sons AfLer someLlme Lhe brahmln dled
When Lhe brahmlns sons came Lo know abouL hls deaLh Lhey wenL Lo kashl and performed hls
lasL rlLes AfLer some days Lhe brahmlns woman dled Loo 1he 8rahmlns son Suvas agaln wenL
Lo kashl carrylng Lhe ashes of Lhelr dead moLher as per her own wlsh
Cn hls way Suvad became a guesL of anoLher brahmln Suvad wlLnessed an amazlng even ln Lhe
nlghL ln whlch he saw hls hosL Lrylng Lo mllk Lhe cow AL flrsL he allowed Lhe calf Lo drlnk Lhe
cows mllk for someLlme Pls hosL Lhen moved away Lhe calf from Lhe cow 1he calf was sLlll
hungry and was noL wllllng Lo move away from Lhe cow 1he brahmlns Lrashed Lhe calf very
badly 1hls made Lhe cow very sad and vowed Lo Leach LhaL wlcked brahmln a lesson
1he calf Lrled hls besL Lo convlnce hls moLher agalnsL dolng Lhls as her acLlon mlghL make her
commlL Lhe gravesL of slns Lhe brahmahaLya 8uL Lhe cow was noL worrled as she knew Lhe
meLhod of nulllfylng LhaL sln
Suvad was surprlsed LhaL Lhe cow knew Lhe meLhod of nulllfylng Lhe sln of brahmahaLya nexL
mornlng Lhe brahmln enLrusLed Lhe [ob of mllklng Lhe cow Lhe brahmlns son gave a severe
Lrashlng Lo Lhe calf who was unwllllng Lo move away from hls moLher
1he angry cow llfLed Lhe 8rahmlns son wlLh her horns and dashed hlm agalnsL Lhe ground 1he
8rahmlns son dled on Lhe spoL When Lhe brahmln reLurned Lo hls home he became very furlous
on seelng hls son dead Pe drove boLh Lhe cow and Lhe calf ouL of hls house afLer beaLlng Lhem
very badly
1he colour of Lhe cow had Lurned blue due Lo Lhe Lrashlng she goL from her brahmln 1he cow
wenL Lo Lhe Lemple of nandlkeshwar slLuaLed aL Lhe bank of rlver narmada 1o neuLrallze Lhe sln of
8rahmahaLya she Look dlp ln Lhe waLer of rlver narmada for Lhree Llmes As a resulL she
regalned her orlglnal colour
Suvad had followed Lhe cow all along Lhe way Pe was amazed Lo see Lhe cow regalnlng her
orlglnal colour Pe proceeded on hls furLher [ourney Lowards kashl Pe meL a beauLlful lady on
Lhe way who enqulred as Lo where was he golng Suvad Lold her LhaL he was golng Lo lmmense
Lhe ashes of her moLher ln Lhe holy waLer of Lhe rlver Canges
1he lady advlsed hlm Lo lmmerse Lhe ashes ln Lhe waLer of narmada lLself as Lhe holy Canga
herself comes Lo meeL narmada on Lhe sevenLh day of valshakh every year
1oday ls Lhe same ausplclous day when Lhe holy Canga wlll be comlng Lo meeL narmada Sald
Lhe beauLlful woman She also Lold hlm LhaL lmmerslng Lhe ashes ln Lhe waLers of narmada would
help hls moLher Lo aLLaln Lo Lhe dlvlne abode
1hls beauLlful lady was none oLher Lhan Canga herself AfLer advlslng Suvad she dlsappeared
Suvad followed Lhe lnsLrucLlon of LhaL beauLlful lady Pe lmmersed Lhe ashes ln Lhe waLers of
narmada Pe saw hls moLher aLLalnlng a dlvlne body Pls moLher blessed Suvad and Lhen
aLLalned Lo Lhe abode of Lord Shlva
MAPA8AL SPlvALlnCA
uescrlblng abouL Mahabal Shlvallnga SuLa sald Lo Lhe sages Mahabal Shlvallnga ls slLuaLed aL
Cokarna area A devoLee who has a darshan of Mahabal Shlvallnga on Lhe elghLh or fourLeenLh
day of ArdranakshaLra falllng on Monday becomes free from all of hls slns and aLLalns Lo Lhe
Shlvaloka
Pavlng a darshan of Lhls Shlvallnga on any oLher day Loo helps a man Lo aLLaln Lo Lhe abode of
AlmlghLy All Lhe delLles ancesLors holy rlvers llke Canga and Lhe nagas sLand guard on all Lhe
four enLrances of Mahabal Lemple
Lven Lhe mosL degraded slnner aLLalns salvaLlon lf he worshlps Mahabal Shlvallnga on Lhe
fourLeenLh day of Magha (dark lunar phase) Cn Lhls day people come from all over lndla Lo see
Lhe grand fesLlval
1PL 8LASCn 8LPlnu PALLlC WC8SPl
1he sages curlously asked SuLa abouL Lhe purpose wlLh whlch arvaLl had declded Lo appear ln
Lhe form of a vaglna SuLa narraLed Lhe followlng Lale
Long long ago some sages used Lo do penance ln a Shlva Lemple slLuaLed near uaruk foresL
Cne day Lhey wenL Lo collecL woods needed for Lhe ?agya Lord Shlva wanLed Lo LesL Lhelr
devoLlon so he arrlved before Lhe sages wlves ln naked poslLlon holdlng hls own phallus ln hls
hand 1he wlves of Lhe sages became frlghLened by Shlvas appearance When Lhe sages reLurned afLer
collecLlng woods Lhey became very furlous Lo see a naked person
lurlng Lhelr wlves 1hey asked Shlva Lo reveal hls ldenLlLy When Shlva dld noL glve any reply
Lhey cursed hlm Lo become a phallus
1he hallus fell down from Lhe hand of Lord Shlva and generaLed so much of heaL LhaL all Lhe
Lhree worlds sLarLed Lo burn 1he sages became very nervous and wenL Lo seek Lhe help of lord
8rahma Lord 8rahma revealed Lo Lhen LhaL Lhe person who Lhey cursed was none oLher Lhan
Lord Shlva hlmself Pe also lnsLrucLed Lhem Lo please goddess arvaLl as she only could have
Lhem from Shlvas wraLh by appearlng ln Lhe form of vaglna and holdlng Lhe hallus
1he sages followed Lhe lnsLrucLlon of Lord 8rahma Coddess arvaLl appeared ln Lhe form of
vaglna and held Shlvas phallus ln herself 1he sages Lhen worshlpped Lhe Shlvallnga 1hls
[yoLlrllnga became famous by Lhe name of PaLkeshwar
1PL C8lCln Cl 8A1uknA1P
Long long ago Lhere llved a brahmln by Lhe name of uadhlchl Pls wlfe Lo a low casLe Lhough
hls son Sudarshan was very learned 1he name of hls wlfe was 1ukula She had her husband
under LoLal conLrol and lnfluence
Sudarshan had four sons Cne day uadhlchl planned Lo go ouL due Lo some work Pe enLrusLed
Lhe [ob of Shlvas worshlp Lo Sudarshan Sudarshan worshlpped Lhe ldol of Shlva dally wlLhouL
any fall
Cn Lhe ShlvaraLrl day Sudarshan Loo had observed a fasL llke resL of hls famlly members Pe
worshlpped Shlvas ldol ln Lhe mornlng as usual and Lhen wenL Lo hls home uurlng Lhe nlghL
Llme he had a sexual relaLlonshlp wlLh hls wlfe AfLer LhaL he saL down Lo worshlp wlLhouL
purlfylng hlmself Lord Shlva became very furlous by hls acLlon Pe lmmoblllzed hlm by hls
curse
uadhlchl was very sad Lo see Lhe condlLlon of hls son Pe commenced a Lremendous penance Lo
please goddess arvaLl AfLer belng pleased by hls penance arvaLl requesLed Lord Shlva Lo
llberaLe Sudarshan from hls curse
Lord Shlva became pleased and blessed Sudarshan by saylng LhaL he would become famous as
8aLuknaLh and also LhaL Lhe worshlp of 8aLuknaLh would amounL Lo Lhe worshlp of lord Shlva
1PL C8lCln Cl SCMnA1P
1he moon had LwenLy seven wlves one of whom was 8ohlnl 1he moon loved 8ohlnl very
much whlch made Lhe resL of hls wlves very [ealous and angry 1hey wenL Lo Lhelr faLher
uaksha and complalned abouL Moons behavlour
uaksha wenL Lo Moon and advlsed hlm Lo glve proper aLLenLlon Lo all of hls wlves 8uL lL dld noL
have any effecL on hlm and he conLlnued glvlng speclal LreaLmenL Lo 8ohlnl When uaksha came Lo
know abouL Lhls he became very curlous Pe cursed Moon Lo become
weak and devold of radlance 1he moon Lhen senL Lhe delLles Lo lord 8rahma Lo seek hls help AL
flrsL lord 8rahma became very angry wlLh Moon buL laLer on he cooled down and Lold Lhe
delLles LhaL Moon can geL llberaLed from Lhe curse lf he chanLs MahamrlLyun[aya manLra by
golng Lo rabhus area
Moon wenL Lo rabhas area and chanLed MahamrlLyun[aya manLra for Len crore Llme afLer slLLlng
ln one posLure Lord Shlva appeared before hlm and asked hlm Lo demand anyLhlng he wlshed
Moon requesLed lord Shlva Lo llberaLe hlm from Lhe curse glven by uaksha Lord Shlva Lold
moon LhaL Lhe words of uaksha can never became unLrue Powever he blessed moon by saylng
LhaL he would wane durlng Lhe dark lunar phase due Lo Lhe curse buL wax durlng Lhe dark lunar
phase due Lo hls (Shlvas) blesslngs Lord Shlva also provlded moon LhaL he would be presenL
along wlLh arvaLl near hlm (moon)
1hus Lord Shlva esLabllshed hlmself as SomanaLh 1he delLles consLrucLed a kunda named
Chandrakunda lL ls belleved LhaL Lhe Moon because llberaLed from Lhe curse by Laklng a baLh ln
Lhls unda
1PL C8lCln Cl MALLlkA8!unA
Cnce under Lhe lnfluence of Sage narada karLlkeya had gone Lo Lhe kraunch MounLaln Lo do
penance Shlva and arvaLl could noL bear Lhe paln of hls separaLlon for long 8oLh of Lhem wenL
Lo Lhe kraunch mounLaln Lo see hlm
When karLlkeya saw Lhem comlng he moved Lo some oLher place When lord Shlva saw Lhls he
esLabllshed hlmself ln Lhe form of !yoLlrllnga whlch laLer on became famous as MalllkAr[una
[yoLlrllnga
1PL C8lCln Cl MAPAkALLSPWA8
1here used Lo llve a brahmln aL AvanLlkapurl Pe was a greaL devoLee of lord Shlva and used Lo
worshlp dally
1hls brahmln had four sons whose names were uevaprlya Medhaprlya SukrlL and uharmabahu
8y Lhe blesslngs of lord Shlva Lhe brahmln en[oyed a very happy and conLenLed llfe AfLer hls
deaLh Lhe brahmlns son conLlnued Lhe LradlLlon of Shlvas worshlp
1here was a mounLaln named 8aLanak on whlch a demon named uushan used Lo llve 8elng
lnLoxlcaLed by Lhe boons recelved from Lord 8rahma he used Lo LormenL all Lhe people Pe had
all Lhe surroundlng area under hls conLrol excepL Lhe house ln whlch Lhe brahmln famlly llved
uushan ordered hls fellow demons Lo brlng Lhe brahmln afLer capLurlng Lhem All Lhe demons
wenL Lo AvanLlkapurl and creaLed havoc 1hey wenL Lo Lhe brahmlns and Lold Lhem abouL
uushans order 1he brahmlns were busy dolng worshlp aL LhaL Llme so Lhey dld noL glve ear Lo Lhelr
words 1he brahmlns conLlnued wlLh Lhelr worshlp 1he demon became very angry and Lrled
Lo aLLack Lhem
Suddenly Lhe earLh cracked wlLh a Lremendous sound and lord Shlva manlfesLed from wlLhln Lhe
cracks Pe kllled all Lhe demons Pe Lhen wenL Lo Lhe 8aLnamala mounLaln and kllled uushan Pe
agaln reLurned Lo Lhe brahmlns and expressed hls deslre of fulfllllng Lhelr wlshes 1he brahmlns
expressed Lhelr deslre of geLLlng llberaLed from Lhe bondages of Lhls world 1hey also requesLed
hlm Lo remaln aL LhaL place Lord Shlva accepLed Lhelr requesL and esLabllshed hlmself ln Lhe form
of Mahakal
1PL C8lCln Cl CMkA8LSPWA8
Cnce narada had gone Lo meeL vlndhya mounLaln vlndhya was very arroganL ln hls behavlour
narada Lold hlm LhaL Sumeru mounLaln was even greaLer Lhan hlm and so hls false prlde had no
basls
vlndhya became very de[ecLed and dlshearLened Pe wenL Lo Amgreshwar and sLarLed
worshlpplng Shlva afLer maklng a arLhlv llnga Lord Shlva became very pleased by hls penance
Pe appeared before vlndhya and blessed hlm AfLer someLlme Lhe sages Loo arrlved Lhere and
worshlpped Shlva 1hey requesLed lord Shlva Lo remaln aL LhaL place forever Lord Shlva
esLabllshed hlmself as aremeshwar Llnga Cne Shlvallnga already exlsLed aL Amareshwar
whlch became famous as Cmkareshwar
1PL C8lCln Cl kLuA8LSPWA8
1wo lncarnaLlons of Lord vlshnu by Lhe names of nara and vlshnu dld penance aL
8adrlkasharama 8oLh of Lhem used Lo worshlp Lhe ldol of Shlva dally Lord Shlva used Lo arrlve
ln hls subLle form and accepL Lhelr offerlngs wlLhouL belng noLlced by Lhem
Cne day Lord Shlva appeared before Lhem nara and narayana euloglzed hlm and requesLed Lo
remaln aL LhaL place forever Lord Shlva accepLed Lhelr requesL and esLabllshed hlmself as
kedareshwar [yoLlrllnga
1PL C8lCln Cl 8PlMA SPAnkA8
8hlma Lhe demon was Lhe son of kumbhakarna and karkaLl AfLer kumbhakarna was kllled by
Srl 8ama karkaLl and 8hlma wenL Lo llve aL Sahya mounLaln
When 8hlma grew up he asked karkaLl abouL hls faLher karkaLl Lold hlm LhaL hls faLher had been
kllled by 8ama 8hlma swore Lo avenge hls faLhers deaLh Pe dld a Lremendous penance Lo
please lord 8rahma 8rahma appeared before hlm and blessed hlm wlLh lnsurmounLable power
and sLrengLh
8hlma Lhen drove ouL Lhe delLles from heaven Pe wenL Lo kamarupa and defeaLed Lhe klng Pe
capLured Lhe klng and puL hlm ln prlson 1he helpless klng used Lo pass hls Llme by chanLlng Lhe manLra
Cm namah Shlvay Pls wlfe worshlpped Lhe arLhlva llnga of Shlva for Lhe release of
Lhe klng
All Lhe delLles wenL aL Lhe bank of rlver Mahakeshl and worshlpped Lhe arLhlva llnga of lord
Shlva Lord Shlva appeared before Lhem and assured Lhem LhaL Lhe end of 8hlma was near
Lord Shlva wenL Lo Lhe klng who had been held capLlve by 8hlma Pls ganas Loo accompanled
hlm All of Lhem walLed for Lhe opporLune Llme Lo klll 8hlma
Meanwhlle somebody lnformed 8hlma LhaL Lhe klng was dolng worshlp of Shlva ln Lhe prlson
wlLh Lhe ob[ecLlve of geLLlng 8hlma kllled
8hlma arrlved aL Lhe spoL ln Lhe prlson where Lhe klng was worshlpplng Lhe arLhlva llnga of
Lord Shlva Pe made fun of Shlva and sLruck Lhe Shlvallnga wlLh hls sword
8lghL Lhen Lord Shlva appeared A Lremendous baLLle was foughL beLween boLh of Lhem 1he
baLLle conLlnued for a long perlod Sage narada requesLed lord Shlva Lo klll 8hlma as soon as lL
was posslble
Lord Shlva produced flre by hls loud roar ln a very shorL Llme Lhe flre spread ln Lhe whole foresL
All Lhe demons lncludlng 8hlma were burnL Lo deaLh 1he delLles and Lhe sages arrlved Lhere
1hey requesLed Lord Shlva Lo remaln Lhere Lord Shlva accepLed Lhelr requesL and esLabllshed
hlmself ln Lhe form of 8hlma Shankar !yoLlrllnga
1PL C8lCln Cl vlSPvLSPWA8
WlLh Lhe deslre of glvlng llberaLlon Lo Lhe llvlng creaLures of Lhls world lord Shlva had kepL
some porLlon of land on hls 1rlshul afLer separaLlng lL from Lhe resL of 8rahmas creaLlon 1he
name of Lhls sacred place ls Manlkarnlka 1he Shlvallnga by Lhe name of AvlnukLa was
esLabllshed by lord Shlva hlmself LaLer on Lhls sacred place was broughL down from Lhe 1rlshul
and esLabllshed on Lhe land of Shlva 1hls sacred place of pllgrlmage laLer on became famous as
kashl and Lhe Shlvallnga as AvlmukLa vlsheshwar
1PL C8lCln Cl 18A?AM8AkLSPWA8
uurlng Lhe anclenL Llme Lhere llved a famous sage named CauLaml 1he name of hls wlfe was
Ahllya Cnce lL dld noL raln for one hundred years as Lhe resulL of whlch Lhe whole area was
affecLed by droughL
Sage CauLaml dld a Lremendous penance Lo please varuna appeared before CauLam he was
requesLed Lo cause raln 8uL varuna expressed hls lnablllLy ln causlng raln Pe Lold CauLam Lo
please lord Shlva so LhaL hls wlsh could be fulfllled LaLer on varuna lnsLrucLed CauLam Lo dlg a
up a plL whlch he (varuna) fllled wlLh waLer varuna blessed CauLam by saylng LhaL Lhls pond
would never dry up 1he sages who had abandoned LhaL place reLurned Lhere Lverybody became
happy and saLlsfled Cne day sage CauLam lnsLrucLed hls dlsclples Lo feLch some waLer from LhaL pond
When Lhe
dlsclples reached Lhere Lhey found Lhe wlves of numerous sages presenL aL Lhe bank of Lhe pond
1he sages wlves dld noL allow Lhem Lo Lake waLer and lnsLead Lhey rebuked Lhem 1he dlsclples
reLurned back Lo Lhe hermlLage and narraLed Lhe whole sLory Lo sage CauLam
Ahllya paclfled Lhe angry dlsclples and wenL Lo Lhe pond Lo feLch waLer lrom LhaL day onwards
Lhls became very dally rouLlne Cne day Ahllya meL Lhe wlves of Lhe sages 1hey Lrled Lo prevenL
her from feLchlng waLer noL only LhaL Lhey wenL back Lo hls respecLlve hermlLages and fllled Lhe
ears of Lhelr husbands All Lhe sages became very angry
1he sages worshlpped lord Canesha Lo please hlm When Canesha appeared Lhey requesLed hlm
Lo drlve CauLam ouL from LhaL place AL flrsL Canesha was relucLanL Lo accepL Lhelr demand buL
when Lhey kepL a perslsLlng he agreed aL lasL
Canesha enLered Lhe fleld of CauLam ln whlch barley was belng culLlvaLed Canesha had
dlsgulsed hlmself as a cow Pe sLarLed grazlng Lhe barley crops
When CauLam saw Lhe cow grazlng crops he Lrled Lo drlve her ouL from Lhe fleld by hlLLlng a
grass on her back 1he arLlflclal cow dled lnsLanLly CauLam was very sorry for hls acL
Meanwhlle all Lhe sages from Lhe surroundlng area arrlved Lhere 1hey forced CauLam Lo
abandon LhaL place aL once
CauLam lefL LhaL place and made hls hermlLage aL a llLLle dlsLance from Lhere Cne day he came Lo
Lhe sages and asked Lhem as Lo how could he aLone for hls slns 1he sages Lold hlm LhaL hls slns
could be aLoned only when he clrcumambulaLes Lhe whole earLh Lhrlce all Lhe whlle saylng l
have kllled a cow 1hey also Lold hlm LhaL afLer LhaL he would have Lo perform ausLerlLles for one
monLh
lf Lhls ls noL posslble Lhen you wlll have Lo help Canga manlfesL herself and Lake baLh ln her
waLer CLherwlse you wlll have Lo worshlp Lhree crores arLhlva llngas Cnly Lhen you can geL
llberaLed from Lhe sln of kllllng a cow sald Lhe sages
CauLam made Lhe arLhlva llngas and sLarLed worshlpplng Lhem Lord Shlva became very pleased
by hls devoLlon and appeared before hlm Sage CauLam requesLed lord Shlva Lo llberaLe hlm from
Lhe slns of kllllng a cow Pe also requesLed lord Shlva Lo manlfesL Lhe sLream of rlver Canga LhaL
place
Lord Shlva Lrled hls besL Lo make hlm undersLand LhaL he was lnnocenL and Lhe real culprlLs LhaL
he was lnnocenL and Lhe real culprlLs were Lhose wlcked sages 8uL CauLam was unconvlnced AL
lasL lord Shlva lnsLrucLed Canga Lo appear ln Lhe form of a woman CauLam euloglzed Canga 8y
Lhe blesslngs of lord Shlva CauLam was llberaLed from hls slns of kllllng a cow AfLer LhaL Canga
expressed her deslre Lo go back buL lord Shlva asked her Lo remaln on Lhe earLh Llll Lhe LwenLyelghLh
nanvanLar Canga accepLed Lo do LhaL on Lhe condlLlon LhaL Lord Shlva along wlLh arvaLl
Loo would remaln presenL on Lhe earLh Lord Shlva esLabllshed hlmself as 1rayambakeshwar
!yoLlrllnga and Canga became famous as CauLaml Canga 1PL C8lCln Cl 8Alu?AnA1P
1he demon klng 8avana dld a Lremendous penance Lo please lord Shlva and Lo geL a boon from
hlm Lven afLer hls severe penance when lord Shlva dld sLlll noL appear he sLarLed offerlng hls
heads one by one Lo lord Shlva 1hls way he already severed hls nlne heads and offered Lhem Lo
Shlva When he was abouL Lo severe hls lasL remalnlng head [usL Lhe lord Shlva appeared before
hlm Pe blessed 8avana wlLh unparalleled power and sLrengLh Lord Shlva also made hlm a Len
headed demon once agaln
8uL 8avana was noL saLlsfled Pe requesLed lord Shlva Lo come along wlLh hlm Lo Lanka Lord
Shlva gave 8avana s Shlvallnga and warned hlm agalnsL keeplng lL on Lhe earLh as Lhen no
power on Lhe earLh could llfL LhaL Shlvallnga from Lhere
8avana proceeded wlLh Lhe Shlvallnga Cn Lhe way he felL Lhe urge Lo urlnaLe 8avana gave LhaL
Shlvallnga Lo a cowherd boy and wenL Lo urlnaLe 1he cowherd boy held Lhe Shlvallnga for
someLlme Pe felL LhaL Lhe Shlvallnga was becomlng heavler and heavler Pe could noL bear Lhe
welghL of Lhe Shlvallnga for Loo long Pe kepL lL on Lhe ground When 8avana reLurned he
became very sad afLer seelng Lhe Shlvallnga on Lhe ground Pe knew LhaL now lL was lmposslble
Lo llfL lL from LhaL place 8avana esLabllshed Lhe Shlvallnga Lhere whlch became famous as
8aldyanaLh [yoLlrllnga
1PL C8lCln Cl nACLSPWA8 !?C1l8LlnCA
uurlng anclenL Llmes Lhere llved a demon named uaruk 1he name of hls wlfe was uaruka
1hey used Lo LormenL Lhe people llvlng ln LhaL area 1he resldenLs of LhaL area wenL Lo sage
Aursh and narraLed abouL Lhelr mlserles and requesLed hlm Lo end Lhls menace
Aursh assured Lhem LhaL very soon Lhelr hardshlps would come Lo an end Pe Lhen wenL Lo do hls
penance 1he delLles appeared before hlm afLer belng pleased by hls Lremendous penance Sage
Aursh requesLed Lhe delLles Lo klll Lhe demons
1he delLles wenL Lo flghL wlLh Lhe demons 1he demons goL scarred and sLarLed Lhlnklng abouL Lhe
means by whlch Lhelr llves could be saved uaruka Lhe wlfe of uaruk had recelved a boon from
goddess arvaLl due Lo whlch she had galned unparalleled power She carrled Lhe whole foresL
and placed lL ln Lhe mlddle of Lhe sea 1hls way Lhe demons agaln llved wlLhouL belng perLurbed
by Lhe LhreaL of Lhe delLles aLLack
Cne day Lhe demons saw many boaLs salllng ln Lhe sea on whlch were many people on board
1he demons made all Lhe people capLlve 1here was a man named Suprlya who was greaL
devoLee of Lord Shlva Pe used Lo worshlp lord Shlva dally even Lhough he saw held under
capLlvlLy 8esL of Lhe people Loo goL lnfluenced by hls devoLlon and everybody sLarLed
worshlpplng lord Shlva1hls way slx monLhs had passed
Cne day a demon saw Suprlya worshlpplng Lhe ldol of lord Shlva Pe wenL Lo uaruk and
lnformed hlm uaruk became exLremely furlous Pe asked Suprlya as Lo whom was he worshlpplng
Suprlya sLlll engrossed ln hls worshlp dld noL glve any reply 1hls made uaruk
even more angry Pe Lrled Lo klll Suprlya Lord Shlva appeared and kllled all Lhe demons
uarukas hearL became full of grlef aL Lhe news of her husbands deaLh She wenL Lo arvaLl and
Lold her how lord Shlva had kllled uaruka arvaLl meL lord Shlva and boLh of Lhem declded Lo
proLecL Lhere respecLlve devoLees by esLabllshlng Lhemselves aL LhaL place 1hus nageshwar
[yoLlrllnga came lnLo exlsLence
LS1A8LlSPMLn1 Cl 8AMLSPWA8
AfLer Panuman broughL Lhe new LhaL SlLa had been held capLlve by 8avana aL Lanka Srl 8ama
proceeded Lowards Lanka wlLh a huge army AfLer recelvlng Lhe seashore he faced Lhe problems
of crosslng over Lhe sea
Srl 8ama made a arLhlva llnga of Shlva and worshlpped lL Lord Shlva became very please wlLh
hlm and appeared Pe blessed Srl 8ama Lo be vlcLorlous Srl 8ama on Lhe oLher hand requesLed
hlm Lo esLabllsh hlmself ln LhaL arLhlva llnga Lo whlch lord Shlva agreed 1hls way
8amaeshwar [yoLlrllnga came lnLo exlsLence
1PL C8lCln Cl uPuSPMLSP !?C1l8LlnCA
1here used Lo llve a brahmln by Lhe name of Sudharma who belonged Lo Lhe llneage of sage
8hardwa[ Pe was a greaL devoLee of lord Shlva Sudeha was hls wlfe Sudharma had no son
Sudeha deslres for a son She expressed her deslre Lo Sudharma buL he dld noL llsLen Lo her pleas
Cne day Sudeha had gone for an ouLlng accompanled by her companlons lncldenLally a quarrel
ensured among Lhem and her companlons made fun of her lssue less sLaLus Sudeha became very
sad AfLer reLurnlng Lo her hermlLage she narraLed Lhe whole lncldenL Lo Sudharma
Sudharma medlLaLed on Lhe form of Shlva and Lhrew Lwo flowers Lowards hls wlfe Pe LhoughL
LhaL lf Sudeha plcks up Lhe flower whlch he had Lhrown wlLh hls rlghL hand Lhen cerLalnly a son
would be born 8uL lf she plcks up Lhe anoLher flower Lhen Lhere ls no chance of her glvlng blrLh
Lo a son unforLunaLely Sudeha plcked up Lhe flower whlch Sudharma had Lhrown wlLh hls lefL
hand
Sudharma Lold hls wlfe LhaL she was never golng Lo become a moLher Pe advlsed her Lo dedlcaLe
her llfe ln Lhe devoLlon of lord Shlva When Sudeha learnL LhaL Lhere was no chance of her
becomlng a moLher she lnslsLed her husband Lo marry for a second Llme so LhaL he could become
a faLher 8uL Sudharma refused Lo marry for Lhe second
Sudeha broughL her younger slsLeruhushma Lo Lhe hermlLage and marrled her wlLh relucLanL
Sudharma uhushma proved Lo be a very falLhful wlfe She engaged herself ln Lhe servlce of
Sudharma and Sudeha She also used Lo worshlp Lhe arLhlvallnga of Shlva dallyAfLer her worshlp she
used Lo lmmerse Lhe arLhlva llngas ln a pond 1hls way when she had
accompllshed Lhe worshlp of one lakh arLhlva llngas lord Shlva blessed her wlLh a son
Sudharma was exLremely pleased buL Sudeha became [ealous of her own slsLer
When Lhe chlld grew up he was marrled Lo a beauLlful brahmln glrl uhushma lnsLrucLed Lhe
brlde Lo Lake a speclal care of Sudeha So Lhe brlde engaged herself ln Lhe servlce of everybody
She Look speclal care of looklng lnLo Lhe needs of Sudeha 8uL sLlll Sudehas [ealousy dld noL
dlmlnlsh
Cne day grlpped by excesslve [ealousy and anger she kllled uhushmas son whlle he was asleep
She cuL hls body lnLo many pleces and Lhrew Lhose pleces lnLo Lhe same pond ln whlch uhushma
used Lo lmmerse Lhe arLhlva llngas
When Lhe daughLer ln law noLlced a plece of flesh on Lhe bed she sLarLed crylng She wenL Lo
uhushma and narraLed Lhe whole sLory Pearlng Lhe news of her sons kllllng uhushma Loo
sLarLed crylng Sudeha also wepL arLlflclally
Sudharma arrlved Lhere 1hough he hlmself was very sad yeL he lnsLrucLed uhushma Lo do Lhe
dally worshlp of arLhlva llnga as usual uhushma obeyed Lhe command of her husband She
worshlpped Lhe arLhlva llngas and wenL Lo Lhe pond of lmmense
8y Lhe blesslngs of lord Shlva her son was sLandlng aL Lhe bank of Lhe pond allve Pe came
Lowards hls moLher and sald
MoLher! l have become allve even afLer my deaLh
uhushma was sLlll engrossed ln her LhoughLs of lord Shlva so she could noL llsLen Lo her son
Lord Shlva appeared and blessed uhushma Pe also expressed hls deslre Lo punlsh her wlcked
slsLer Sudeha for her evll deed buL uhushma requesLed hlm Lo forglve her She also requesLed
lord Shlva Lo sLay Lhere forever Lord Shlva accepLed her demand and esLabllshed hlmself ln Lhe
form of uhushmeshwar !yoLlrllnga Sudharma and Sudeha arrlved aL LhaL place and worshlpped
Shlva AL lasL everybody reLurned home happlly
LC8u vlSPnu 8LCLlvLS SuuA8SPAn CPAk8A
1he delLles wenL Lo lord vlshnu afLer belng LormenLed by Lhe demons 1hey requesLed hlm Lo
annlhllaLe Lhe demons AfLer assurlng Lhem Lord vlshnu wenL Lo kallash mounLaln Lo do hls
penance 8uL even hls Lremendous penance was noL enough Lo please Lord Shlva Lord vlshnu
Lhen worshlpped lord Shlva by chanLlng Lhe manLras of Shlva SahasLranamavall Pe also offered
one Lhousand loLus flowers Lo lord Shlva ln course of hls worshlp
Cne day Shlva wanLed Lo LesL Lhe devoLlon of lord vlshnu Pe sLole one loLus flower from among
Lhe one Lhousand flowers When lord vlshnu began hls worshlp he found LhaL Lhere was one
flower less 1o make up for Lhls deflclency he offered hls one eye Lo lord Shlva hls eye whlch
has been compared wlLh a loLus flower Lord Shlva was very mush lmpressed by hls excepLlonal
devoLlon Pe appeared before vlshnu
and asked hlm Lo demand any boon he wlshed Lord vlshnu demanded a dlvlne weapon Lo
annlhllaLe Lhe demons Lord Shlva gave hlm a sparkllng Sudharshan Chakra Cn Lhe requesL of
Lord vlshnu he esLabllshed hlmself ln Lhe form of Parlshwar Shlvallnga AL lasL lord vlshnu
kllled Lhe demon wlLh hls Sudarshan Chakra
SuLa Lold Lhe sages LhaL lord vlshnu had worshlpped lord Shlva wlLh Lhe help of hls one Lhousand
names Some of Lhe chlef names of Shlva are Shlva Par Mrld 8udra ushkar ushpalochan
ArLhlgamya Sadachar Sharv Shambhu Maheshwar eLc
A devoLee who chanLs Lhese one Lhousand names of lord Shlva aLLalns all Lhe accompllshmenLs
ChanLlng lL durlng dlsLress helps a man Lo become free from all klngs of mlsforLune Lord vlshnu
could klll Lhe demons only because of Lhe power he derlved from Lhe chanLlng of SahasLranam
1PL uLvC1LLS Cl SPlvA
uescrlblng abouL Lhe numerous devoLees of Shlva who were famous for Lhelr devoLlon Lowards
lord Shlva SuLa named a few of Lhem llke uurvasa vlshwamlLra uadhlchl CauLam kanad
8hargav 8rlhaspaLl valshampayam arashar vyasa upamanyu ?agyavalkya !almlnl and
Carg eLc
Pe also narraLed a Lale connecLed wlLh klng Sudyumna Cnce Sudyumna had gone lnLo LhaL
foresL whlch was glfLed Lo arvaLl by lord Shlva wlLh Lhe warnlng LhaL any man who dares Lo
enLer lL would become a woman
As soon as Sudyumna enLered LhaL foresL he goL Lransformed lnLo a woman Pe became very sad
Pe worshlpped lord Shlva Lo regaln hls mascullnlLy Lord Shlva pleased by hls devoLlon he
blessed hlm Lo be as a man for one monLh and agaln as a woman for Lhe same perlod of Llme
alLernaLely
AuS1L8l1lLS Anu MAPASPlvA8A18l lC8 SPlvAS
WC8SPl
Cnce arvaLl asked lord Shlva as Lo whlch were Lhe ausLerlLles when on belng performed by a
devoLee helps hlm Lo aLLaln boLh worldly accompllshmenLs as well as llberaLlon
Lord Shlva Lold her abouL Len ausLerlLles connecLed wlLh hls worshlp and Lhelr meLhods Pe sald
Cn Lhe elghLh day of every monLh a devoLee should worshlp me by observlng a fasL for Lhe
whole day and breaklng lL ln Lhe nlghL 8uL on kalashLaml a devoLee musL observe Lhe fasL for Lhe
whole day and nlghL Pe musL noL have food on LhaL day Cn Lhe elevenLh day of Lhe darklunar
monLh a devoLee musL worshlp me and observe fasL durlng Lhe day Pe should break Lhe fasL ln
Lhe nlghL 8uL on Lhe elevenLh day of Lhe brlghL lunar monLh a devoLee should observe a fasL for
Lhe whole perlod of day and nlghL Cn Lhe LhlrLeenLh day of darklunar monLh a devoLee musL
observe fasL for Lhe whole perlod of day and nlghL whereas on Lhe LhlrLeenLh day of a brlghL lunar
phase he should observe a fasL durlng Lhe day and break lL ln Lhe nlghL A fasL observed on
Monday should be broken only ln Lhe nlghL
Lord Shlva conLlnued wlLh hls sLaLemenLs
Among all Lhe ausLerlLles and fasLlngs MahashlvaraLrl holds a supreme place lL falls on Lhe
fourLeenLh day of Lhe dark lunar monLh of halgun Cn Lhls day Lhe devoLee should Lake a vow Lo
observe a fasL afLer awakenlng ln Lhe mornlng and flnlshlng hls dally cholrs Pe musL observe a
fasL for Lhe whole day and nlghL ln Lhe nlghL he should worshlp me elLher ln Lhe Lemple or ln hls
own home accordlng Lo hls convenlence Pe should worshlp me wlLh Lhe help of slxLeen modes
of worshlp (Shodasopachar) Pe should elLher chanL Lhe manLras of Laghurudra or perform
abhlshek durlng Lhe course of worshlp Whlle dolng worshlp he should euloglze me and perform
arLls ln my pralse Pe can perform abhlshek wlLh elLher of Lhe followlngs Mllk waLer sacred
waLer of belonglng Lo a place of pllgrlmage sprlnkllng waLer wlLh kusha Sugarcane [ulce
Poney and Chee eLc 1he devoLee should engage hlmself ln my devoLlon for Lhe whole day ln
Lhe end he should feed Lhe brahmlns and make donaLlon Lo Lhem A fasL observed ln Lhls way
glves lnflnlLe vlrLues Lo Lhe devoLee
AfLer observlng fasLs for fourLeen consecuLlve years on each of Lhe ShlvaraLrl days a devoLee
should perform uddyapan (rellglous rlLes performed on Lhe accompllshmenL of an observance)
Cn Lhe day precedlng Lhe uddyapan ceremony a devoLee musL have food for one Llme 1he nexL
day a devoLee should perform uddyapan afLer maklng a rellglous vow and accordlng Lo Lhe
approprlaLe meLhods A devoLee who performs uddyapan ln Lhe above menLloned way aLLalns Lo
Lhe Shlvaloka
1PL C8LA1nLSS Cl SPlvA8A18l
1here used Lo llve a poor 8heel named Curudruha Pe was very poor Cne day flndlng no food
avallable ln hls house he wenL Lo Lhe foresL Lo hunL an anlmal unforLunaLely he dld noL flnd any
anlmal whlch he could hunL
8elng hungry he saL down on Lhe bank of a pond and pondered as Lo whaL would happen Lo hls
famlly members who were hungry Loo Pe LhoughL LhaL lf he walLed Lhere Lhen he mlghL geL a
chance Lo klll a LhlrsLy anlmal whlch arrlves Lhere Lo drlnk waLer
Curudruha cllmbed up a bael Lree and walLed for hls prey A Shlvallnga was esLabllshed [usL
under LhaL Lree and co lncldenLally lL was a ShlvaraLrl day When Lhe flrsL Lhree hours of Lhe nlghL
had passed he saw a female deer arrlvlng wlLh her young ones Pe goL ready wlLh hls bow and
arrow and almed hls arrow Lowards Lhe female deer 8y colncldence some leaves from LhaL bael
Lree fell on Lhe Shlvallnga along wlLh some drops of waLer from Lhe vessel ln whlch he was
carrylng waLer Curudruha had accompllshed Lhe worshlp of Shlva durlng Lhe flrsL rahar of Lhe
nlghL unawarlngly
AfLer hearlng Lhe nolse made by falllng drops of waLer Lhe female deer looked up She saw
Curudruha slLLlng wlLh hls bow and arrows She asked hlm abouL hls deslre Curudruha Lold her
LhaL he wanLed Lo klll her so LhaL he could feed hls famlly members 1he female deer requesLed hlm Lo
allow her Lo go so LhaL she could leave her young ones ln Lhe
safe cusLody of her husband She promlsed Lo come back AL flrsL Curudruha was relucLanL buL
when Lhe female deer sLarLed glvlng lllusLraLlons from Lhe scrlpLures he allowed her Lo go
Mean whlle Lhe slsLer of female deer arrlved Lhere wlLh her young ones When Curudruha sow
her he goL ready Lo klll her Suddenly hls movemenLs on Lhe Lree made some leaves of bael and
few drops of waLer Lo fall on Lhe Shlvallnga lL was Lhe second rahara of Lhe nlghL and
Curudruha had agaln performed Lhe worshlped of Shlva unawarlngly
When Lhe female deer (Second) heard Lhe nolse made by falllng drop of waLer She looked up
Lowards Curudruha She asked hlm abouL hls deslre When Curudruha Lold abouL hls deslre she
requesLed hlm Lo allow her Lo go so LhaL she could hand over her young ones ln Lhe safe cusLody
of her husband lnlLlally Curudruha was relucLanL Lo allow her Lo go buL when she promlsed Lo
reLurn back he allowed her Lo go
Curudruha saL on Lhe branches of Lhe bael Lree walLlng for hls prey 1he second prahar of Lhe
nlghL was comlng Lo an end and Lhe Lhlrd prahar abouL Lo begln
1he deer arrlved Lhere searchlng hls wlfe and chlldren Curudruha agaln made hlmself ready Lo
klll LhaL dear Agaln some leaves and few drops of waLer fell on Lhe Shlvallnga 1he worshlp of
Shlva durlng Lhe Lhlrd rahara had been accompllshed by Curudruha Lhough unawarlngly Cn
hearlng Lhe nolse made by Lhe falllng drops of waLer Lhe dear looked up and asked Curudruha
abouL hls deslre Curudruha Lold hlm abouL hls deslre
1he deer requesLed Curudruha Lo allow hlm Lo meeL hls wlfe and chlldren for once 1he deer
promlsed Lo reLurn back AfLer becomlng saLlsfled by hls lnLenLlons Curudruha allowed hlm Lo
go Lo meeL hls famlly
Curudruha saL on Lhe bael Lree walLlng for Lhe deers anxlously 1he Lhlrd prahar of Lhe nlghL was
approachlng lLs end and Lhe fourLh prahar was abouL Lo begln
Suddenly Curudruha saw all Lhe Lhree deers comlng Lowards Lhe pond Pe became exLremely
pleased aL Lhe prospecL of geLLlng flesh of Lhree anlmals Pe goL read wlLh hls bow and arrows
Pls movemenLs on Lhe bael Lree agaln made some leaves and few drops of waLer Lo fall on Lhe
Shlvallng Curudruha had successfully accompllshed Lhe worshlp of Shlva even durlng Lhe fourLh
rahar noL only Lhls he had also remalned awake for Lhe whole nlghL of ShlvaraLrl
1he fasL observed by Curudruha on ShlvaraLrl along wlLh Lhe worshlp of Shlva Lhough
unawarlngly had made hlm on enllghLened person 1he LhoughL of kllllng Lhe deers remalned no
longer ln hls hearL Pe Lhanked all Lhe deers for Lhelr help ln hls aLLalnmenL of enllghLenmenL
Lord Shlva became exLremely pleased and appeared before hlm Pe blessed Curudruha LhaL ln
hls nexL blrLh he would geL an opporLunlLy Lo serve Srl 8ama and would become famous as
nlshad Lord Shlva also Lold Curudruha LhaL by Lhe blesslngs of Srl 8ama he would aLLaln
salvaLlon by Lhe blesslngs of Srl 8ama he would aLLaln salvaLlon SuLa whlle descrlblng abouL Lhe vlrLues
of observlng fasL on ShlvaraLrl Lold Lhe sages LhaL lf a fasL
observed unwarlngly on ShlvaraLrl glves such vlrLues Lhen whaL could be sald abouL a fasL whlch
ls observed dellberaLely Accordlng Lo SuLa such a fasL would besLow boLh worldly pleasures and
salvaLlon
ulllL8Ln1 S1ACLS Cl Ll8L8A1lCn
8egardlng Lhe dlfferenL sLages of llberaLlon SuLa Lold Lhe sages LhaL Lhere were flve sLages of
llberaLlon capable of freelng a man from Lhe sorrows of Lhls world 1) Sarupya (SlmlllLude wlLh
Lhe AlmlghLy) 2) Salokya 3) Sannldhya (llvlng ln Lhe proxlmlLy of Lhe almlghLy) 4) Sayu[ya
(geLLlng unlLed wlLh Lhe almlghL) 3) kalvalya (uevoLlon Lowards Cod)
Cnly lord Shlva ls capable of besLowlng llberaLlon Cne can aLLaln dharm (vlrLuoslLy) ArLha
(WealLh) and kam (deslres and wlshes) by Lhe worshlp of oLher delLles buL lord Shlva besLowes
all Lhe four of Lhem
Lord 8rahma ls belleved Lo be Lhe masLer of Lhe Lhree elemenLary quallLles le SaLva 8a[as and
1amas Shlva ls beyond Lhese quallLles and even Lhe naLure lLself Pe ls formless Lord Shlva ls a
mysLery whlch remalns unsolved even Lhough many sages and even lord 8rahma have Lrled Lo
solve Lhls mysLery called Shlva
1he flfLh sLage of llberaLlon ls called kalvalya whlch ls aLLalned by havlng compleLe devoLlon
Lowards lord Shlva ln Lhe presenL era of kall where Lhe aLLalnmenL of self knowledge ls very
dlfflculL devoLlon ls relaLlvely an easler paLh
Lven devoLlon has been caLegorlsed lnLo Lwo Lypes a) Sagun (wlLh form) b) nlrguna (formless)
lf man worshlps lord Shlva wlLh LoLal devoLlon he aLLalns self knowledge Lach and every ob[ecLs
of Lhls world ls noLhlng buL Lhe manlfesLaLlon of Shlvas power 1he creaLlon achleves expanslon
only when he deslres Shlva ls omnlsclenL buL hlmself lnvlslble !usL as Lhe flre whlch already
exlsLs ln Lhe wood buL ls vlslble only afLer lL ls rubbed slmllarly only Lhe Cyanls can experlence
lord Shlva even Lhough he ls omnlpresenL !usL as Lhere ls no dlfference beLween cause and effecL
buL ls appears so due Lo our lgnorance slmllarly an lgnoranL man can never experlence Lhe
omnlpresenL Shlva by hls sense organs 1he llvlng Lhlngs possess ego buL lord Shlva ls egoless A
man can successfully sub[ugaLes hls ego by becomlng knowledgeable and aLLalns llberaLlon afLer
unlLlng wlLh lord Shlva
1hls knowledge was recelved by lord vlshnu from Shlva Lord vlshnu laLer on revealed lL Lo
lord 8rahma and 8rahma ln Lurn revealed lL Lo hls manaspuLra Sanak eLc 1he manaspuLra
revealed Lhls knowledge Lo narada and narada revealed lL Lo vyasa
A81 llvL uMA SAMPl1A
CCnvL8SA1lCn 8L1WLLn k8lSPnA and
uAMAn?uCnce Lord krlshna wenL Lo kallash mounLaln Lo do penance wlLh Lhe deslre of havlng a son
Pe
found Maharlshl upamanyu engrossed ln hls medlLaLlon Pe Lold upamanyu abouL hls deslre and
requesLed hlm Lo descrlbe abouL Lhe greaLness of lord Shlva
upamanu descrlbed abouL hls own experlence when he had dlvlne gllmpses of lord Shlva who
was medlLaLlng
Cnce l saw Shlva who was surrounded by all Lhe delLles Lord Shlva was engrossed ln hls deep
medlLaLlon Shlva had ln hls possesslon all Lhe dlvlne weapons llke 1rldenL Axe noose
Sudarshan eLc Lord vlshnu and 8rahma were also presenL Lhere l euloglzed lord Shlva who
became pleased wlLh me Lord Shlva wanLed Lo bless me wlLh a boon l requesLed lord Shlva Lo
bless me wlLh Lhree Lhlngs 1) l should always remaln hls devoLee 2) Lo be able Lo know abouL Lhe
pasL presenL and fuLure evenLs 3) My famlly should never feel Lhe scarclLy of rlce and mllk
Lord Shlva noL only blessed me wlLh all Lhese Lhree Lhlngs buL also Lo be able Lo see Lhe
valvasvaL kalpa
AfLer compleLlng hls sLory sage upamanyu Lold krlshna he musL worshlp lord Shlva lf he was
deslrous of a son because Lord Shlva can be pleased qulLe easlly
S8l k8lSPnA uCLS LnAnCL
Srl krlshna Lhen proceeded Lo do hls penance afLer geLLlng lnlLlaLed by upamanyu wlLh Lhe
manLra CM nAMAP SPlvA? Pe dld a Lremendous penance for flfLeen monLhs by sLandlng
on hls Loe ln Lhe slxLeenLh monLh lord Shlva and arvaLl appeared before hlm afLer belng pleased
by hls penance Lord Shlva expressed hls deslre Lo bless krlshna krlshna demanded elghL
boons 1) May hls lnLelllgence always remaln lncllned Lowards rellglousness 2) May he aLLaln
lmmorLal fame 3) May he has hls abode ln Shlvas proxlmlLy 4) May hls falLh and devoLlon ln
Shlva be unswervlng 3) May he have Len vallanL sons 6) May he be vlcLorlous agalnsL hls
enemles 7) May all hls enemles be desLroyed and 8) May be dear Lo all Lhe yogls AfLer recelvlng
elghL boons from Lord Shlva krlshna demanded one boon from goddess arvaLl May he always
be ln Lhe servlce of hls parenLs and Lhe brahmlns Srl krlshna Lhen wenL back Lo upamanyu and
narraLed Lhe whole sLory AL lasL he reLurned Lo uwarka
CLASSlllCA1lCn Cl C8AvL SlnS
uescrlblng abouL Lhe slns SuLa Lold Lhe sages LhaL alLogeLher Lhere were Lwelve Lypes of slns
commlLLed by a man by hls acLlons LhoughL speech CuL of Lhem havlng a deslre for anoLher
persons wlfe belng deslrous of anoLhers wealLh havlng evll deslgns agalnsL oLher people and
drlfLlng Lowards slnful paLh are consldered Lo be slns commlLLed by ones LhoughLs
1he followlng slns are supposed Lo be commlLLed by speech conversaLlng wlLh a woman who ls
havlng perlods Lelllng lles unpleaslng Lalks and back blLlng 1he followlng slns are commlLLed by ones
acLlons eaLlng Lhlngs whlch are noL worLh eaLlngs
lndulglng ln vlolence and unclvlllzed acLlvlLles and Laklng oLhers wealLh by lmproper means
Lven among all Lhese slns some are consldered Lo be graver llke crlLlclzlng Leacher hermlL and
parenLs eLc sLeallng Lhe properLy of Lemple or a brahmln A person commlLs Mahapap (grave sln)
lf he lndulges ln any of Lhe followlng noL havlng devoLlon Lowards ones precepLor abandonlng
ones precepLor sleeplng on Lhe precepLors bed drlnklng lnLoxlcaLlng drlnks havlng llllclL
relaLlonshlp wlLh ones Leachers wlfe Laklng back Lhe wealLh whlch has already been donaLed
earnlng wealLh by employlng lmproper means
A man who commlLs Lhe followlng slns are consldered Lo be Lhe grave slnners burnlng a
cowshed a foresL or a clLy noL marrylng a glrl wlLh a sulLable man havlng llllclL relaLlonshlp
wlLh daughLer ln law and slsLer ln law
1PL uLSC8l1lCn Cl PLLL
Lach llvlng belng has Lo LasLe Lhe frulLs of hls karmas when hls soul reaches Lhe abode of ?ama
afLer hls deaLh 1he soul of a vlrLuous man enLers Lhe hell from Lhe norLhern slde where as LhaL
of slnful man enLers from Lhe souLhern slde
?amanagrl 1he abode of ?ama ls slLuaLed aL a dlsLance of elghLy slx Lhousand yo[ans (Cne
?o[ans LlghL mlles) from Lhe surface of Lhe earLh
1he vlrLuous soul reaches Lhere wlLhouL any problem because of hls vlrLuous deeds Cn Lhe
conLrary Lhe soul of a slnner reaches ?amanagrl LasLlng Lhe frulLs of hls slns all along Lhe way
Moreover when Lhe soul of a slnner reaches ?amanagrl lL geLs punlshed by Lhe ?amaduLas
1he lord of deaLh Lhen glves Lhe flnal [udgemenL on Lhe basls of each lndlvlduals slns
lrom Lhe hell Lhe vlrLuous soul leaves for Lhe heaven 1here are many caLegorles of hells all fllled
up wlLh fllLh
CPA8l1? Anu l1S lMC81AnCL
SuLa whlle warnlng Lhe sages Lold
eople who engages Lhemselves ln vlrLuous deeds Lhrough ouL Lhelr llves and who have been
klnd of oLhers cross Lhe Lerrlfylng paLh of Lhe hell qulLe easlly A person who donaLes shoes or
wooden sandals Lo brahmlns reaches Lhe hell rldlng on Lhe horse
Slmllarly a person who donaLes an umbrella Lo brahmlns reaches Lhe hell under Lhe shade of an
umbrella Maklng donaLlons of bed or chalrs Lo brahmlns help a man Lo reach Lhe hell afLer
Laklng adequaLe resL on Lhe way Maklng donaLlons of Cold or sllver Lo brahmln helps a man Lo
aLLaln Lo heaven A man who donaLed food gralns en[oys all Lhe pleasures of llfe because food gralns
susLaln llfe
Lven maklng donaLlon of waLer ls consldered Lo be of supreme value because llfe can noL exlsL
wlLhouL lL A man who dlgs up wells and ponds for Lhe beneflL of people acqulres greaL vlrLues
lanLlng Lrees especlally whlch glves frulLs or flowers are consldered Lo glve lmmeasurable
vlrLues
Maklng donaLlons of cow land knowledge and such ob[ecLs LhaL can be welghed are consldered
Maklng donaLlons of gold sesame elephanL glrl mald servanL house charloL dlamond cow
whose colour ls pure whlLe and food gralns are consldered Lo be Mahadan (greaL donaLlon) 1he
donaLlons should be made only Lo worLhy brahmlns
uLSC8l1lCn Cl nL1PL8WC8Lu Anu Ll8L8A1lCn
l8CM PLLL
1he earLh ls balanced on Lhe hood of Sheshnag Lord vlshnu ls Lhe nurLurer of Lhls world 1here
are seven more worlds beneaLh Lhe earLh whlch are ALala vlLala SuLala 8asaLala 1ala 1alaLala
and aLal Lach of Lhese worlds ls Len Lhousand yo[ans ln lengLh and LwenLy Lhousand yo[ans
deep All Lhese worlds are full of lnvaluable and prlceless dlamonds 1he resldenLs of each of
Lhese worlds en[oy all Lhe luxurles and pleasures of llfe 1he demons and Lhe nagas reslde ln
Lhese worlds Lven farLher Lhan Lhese seven worlds ls slLuaLed Lhe hell Where Lhe soul of Lhe
slnner goes Lo afLer Lhe deaLh Some of Lhe maln names of hell are 8aurav Shukar 8odh 1al
vlvasan and Maha[wala eLc 1he soul of a slnner goes Lo each of Lhese hells accordlng Lo Lhe
magnlLude of hls slns A man should worshlp lord Shlva and slng hymns ln hls pralse Lo geL
llberaLed from hls slns
1PL uLSC8l1lCn Cl SLvLn lSLAnuS
1he whole earLh ls dlvlded lnLo seven lslands or dweepas 1he name of Lhese lslands ls !ambu
laksha Shalmall kraunch Shaka and ushkar All Lhese lslands are surrounded by such oceans
on all sldes 1he conLenL of each of Lhese oceans ls salL Sugarcane [ulce ghee mllk curds and
honey respecLlvely
!ambudweepa ls also known as lndla lL sLreLches from souLh of Plmalaya Lo Lhe norLh of ocean
1he LoLal area ls abouL nlne Lhousand yo[ans lL ls furLher subdlvlded lnLo nlne land segmenLs
seven mounLalns and seven sacred rlvers near Lhe seven places of pllgrlmage and many oLher
rlvers
Slmllarly Lhe laksha lsland ls surrounded by ocean of salL on all sldes and spread up ln Lhe area
of one Lhousand yo[ans
1he area of Shalmall lsland ls Lwlce as LhaL of laksha lsland lL ls surrounded by Lhe ocean of
honey 1he are of kusha lsland ls Lwlce as LhaL of Shalmall lsland and ls surrounded by Lhe ocean of
ghee Slmllarly Lhe krauncha ls surrounded by Lhe ocean of curd and lLs area ls Lhrlce as LhaL of
kusha lsland
1he area of Shaka lsland ls Lwlce as LhaL of kraucha lsland and ls surrounded by Lhe ocean of
mllk
1he ocean of sweeL waLer surrounds Lhe ushkar lsland lLs LoLal lengLh ls flve Lhousand yo[ans
and flve lakh yo[ans respecLlvely 1he mounLaln Manas ls slLuaLed ln Lhls lsland 1he resldenLs of
Lhese lslands never aLLaln old age Lord 8rahma resldes ln MahaveeL secLlon of Lhls lsland 1he
people llvlng ln Lhls lsland geL food wlLhouL maklng any efforL
1PL uLSC8l1lCn Cl LAnL1S
As far as Lhe llghL of Sun and Moon reaches Lhe earLh lL ls called 8hoo loka Surya loka ls
slLuaLed one lakh yo[an above Lhe 8hooloka 1he Chandra loka ls slLuaLed one lakh yo[an above
Surya loka All Lhe consLellaLlons as well as Lhe planeLs are spread ln Lhe area of Lhe Len Lhousand
yo[ans above Lhe Moon Mercury ls slLuaLed above Lhe moon venus above Lhe Mercury and Mars
ls slLuaLed above Lhe venus !uplLer ls slLuaLed above Mars and SaLurn above !uplLer
1he SapLarshl mandals are slLuaLed aL a dlsLance of one lakh yo[an above SaLurn 1he uhruva ls
slLuaLed aL a dlsLance of one lakh yo[an above Lhe SapLarshl Mandals All Lhe planeLs are slLuaLed
beLween Lhe earLh and uhruva sLar ln Lhe form of Lhree lokas 8hoo loka 8huvar loka and
Swarga loka (heaven)
Mahar looka ls slLuaLed even beyond Lhe uhruvaloka 1hls ls Lhe world where Lhe manaspuLras
(Sanak sanandan eLc) of lord 8rahma reslde
!ana loka ls slLuaLed above Mahaloka where as Lhe 1apaloka ls slLuaLed aL a dlsLance of LwenLy
slx lakh yo[ans above Mahaloka SaLyaloka ls slLuaLed slx Llmes Lhe dlsLance beLween Mahaloka
and 1apaloka SaLyaloka ls also known as 8rahmaloka 8eyond 8rahmaloka ls slLuaLed Lhe
valkunLha loka Slmllarly Lhe world of karLlkeya kumar loka ls slLuaLed beyond valkunLh loka
AfLer kumar loka comes Lhe uma loka and Lhen comes Lhe Shlva loka whlch ls Lhe farLhesL loka
Coloka ls slLuaLed near Shlvaloka where lord krlshna llves wlLh Lhe cow names Sushlla wlLh Lhe
permlsslon of lord Shlva
CA1LCC8lLS Cl AuS1L8l1? C8 1AA
1ruLh or SaLya ls Lhe besL among all Lhe Lypes of ausLerlLy A LruLhful man ls Lhe supreme devoLee
and a greaL accompllsher AusLerlLy helps a man Lo aLLaln all Lhe worldly pleasures of llfe and
ulLlmaLely salvaLlon AusLerlLles have been classlfled lnLo Lhree Lypes on Lhe basls of Lhree baslc
quallLles or gunas le SaLvlk Lapa 8a[assl Lapa and 1amassl Lapa
AusLerlLles observed by Lhe delLles hermlLs and cellbaLes come under Lhe caLegory of SaLvlk
1apa AusLerlLles malnLalned by Lhe dalLyas and man come under Lhe caLegory of 8a[asl1apa
AusLerlLles malnLalned by Lhe demons and Lhose people who lndulge ln evll and cruel deeds come
under Lhe caLegory of 1amasl 1apa
1PL C8lCln Cl 8Cu?
1he food Laken by a man geLs Lransformed lnLo semen ln Lhe body 1he semen ls Lransformed Lo
Lhe womans womb durlng Lhe Llme of lnLercourse where lL geLs mlxed wlLh Lhe blood lL Lhen
develops lnLo an egg Cradually all Lhe organs sLarL Lo manlfesL 1he body Lhen aLLalns Lhe vlLal
force and ulLlmaLely comes ouL from Lhe moLhers womb afLer sufferlng greaL palns 8uL afLer
Laklng blrLh he forgeLs all abouL Lhose palns Pe Lhen llves hls llfe by reaplng Lhe frulLs of hls pasL
karmas 8efore Laklng blrLh Lhe body llves ln a fllLhy envlronmenL ln lLs moLhers womb lL
becomes so dlrLy LhaL even anchagavya can noL make lL pure 8emembrance of Shlva ls Lhe only
means Lo make lL pure
CCn18CL CvL8 uLA1P (lCPCPPA M8l1?u)
SuLa Lold Lhe sages LhaL a person who wanLs Lo conLrol deaLh should flrsL be seaLed on a pure seaL
Pe should Lhen perform ranayama by holdlng hls breaLh Whlle dolng Lhls exerclse care should
be Laken LhaL lamp ls noL burnlng
8oLh Lhe ears should be shuL by Lhe lndex flngers for Lhe perlod of one hour AfLer dolng Lhls he
would be able Lo hear Lhe sounds emerglng from wlLhln Pe should Lry Lo concenLraLe hls mlnd on
LhaL sound lf Lhls exerclse ls pracLlced dally for Lwo hours Lhen he wlll have full conLrol over hls
deaLh 1hls parLlcular exerclse helps a man Lo aLLaln greaL accompllshmenLs selfknowledge and
salvaLlon
1PL uLSCLn1 Cl CAnCA
Cnce emperor Sagar performed an Ashwamedha ?agya lndra abducLed Lhe horse used ln Lhls
?agya and kepL lL ln Lhe hermlLage of Sage kaplla All Lhe slxLy Lhousand sons of Sagar wenL Lo
search Lhe horse and found lL ln kapllas hermlLage
Pearlng Lhe commoLlon and nolse sage kaplla who was engrossed ln hls medlLaLlon opened hls
eyes and came ouL Lo see whaL was happenlng Pe was very angry Pe looked angrlly Lowards Lhe
sons of Sagar All of Lhem were burnL Lo deaLh excepL four
ln due course of Llme Sage 8haglraLh became successful ln brlnglng rlver Canga Lo earLh wlLh
Lhe blesslngs of lord Shlva 8haglraLh was Lhe descendanLs of Sagar 8haglraLh made all of hls
ancesLors allve who had meL an unLlmely deaLh by sprlnkllng Lhe waLer of Canga on Lhelr bones
8lver Canga ls also known as 8haglraLhl because of 8haglraLh
1PL AuS1L8l1lLS Cl vLu v?ASAnarraLlng abouL Lhe llfe of Sage veda vyasa SuLa sald Lo Lhe sages
Cnce whlle sage arashar was on hls pllgrlmage he arrlved aL Lhe bank of ?amuna SaLyavaLl
who emlLLed Lhe smell of flsh helped hlm cross Lhe rlver Sage arashar was very pleased wlLh
her Pe Lransformed Lhe bad smell emlLLlng from her body lnLo fragrance Pe also Lold her LhaL
she would be forLunaLe Lo glve blrLh Lo a son as mlghLy as lord vlshnu
ln due course of Llme SaLyavaLl gave blrLh Lo a chlld 1he chlld was glven Lhe name
krlshnadwalpayan by SaLyavaLls faLher Soon afLer hls blrLh Lhe chlld Lold hls moLher LhaL he was
golng Lo do penance and he would come back Lo see her Lhe momenL she deslred
1he chlld dld Lremendous penance and became famous as veda vyasa WlLh Lhls deep
knowledge and lnslghL he caLegorlzed Lhe dlfferenL secLlons of veda AfLer Lhe accompllshmenL
of hls penance veda vyasa wenL on a pllgrlmage Pe came Lo kashl wlLh a deslre Lo wrlLe Lhe
uranas 1o geL Lhe blesslngs of Lord Shlva he worshlpped Lhe Madhyeshwar llnga Lord Shlva
became pleased by hls devoLlon and blessed hlm ved vyasa creaLed numerous uranas llke
8rahma urana adma urana vlshnu urana Shlva urana 8hagavaL urana 8havlshya
urana narada urana Markandeya urana Agnl urana 8rahma valvarLa urana Llnga
urana varaha urana kurma urana MaLsya urana Caruda urana vamana urana Skanda
urana and 8rahmanda urana
lnCA8nA1lCn Cl MAPAkALl
Cnce upon a Llme klng SuraLh afLer looslng hls klngdom Lo hls enemy fled Lo Lhe foresL AfLer
wanderlng for some Llme he reached Lhe hermlLage of sage Medha Pe sLarLed llvlng Lhere as he
had no place Lo go 1he de[ecLed klng used Lo pass hls Llme wonderlng abouL hls fuLure
Cne day SuraLh meL a man named Samadhl who was drlven ouL from hls house by hls own
sons Pls sons had capLured all Lhe wealLh 8oLh of Lhem wenL Lo sage Medha and narraLed abouL
Lhelr woeful Lales Sage Medha advlsed boLh of Lhem Lo conLemplaLe on Lhe form of Mahamaya
8hagawaLl SuraLh and Samadhl were curlous Lo know abouL 8hagawaLl Sage Medha sald
1he demons Madhu and kallash were produced from Lhe fllLh whlch came ouL from Lhe ears of
lord vlshnu whlle he was resLlng on Lhe back of Sheshnag durlng Lhe Llme of LoLal annlhllaLlon
Cn seelng lord 8rahma slLLlng on Lhe loLus flower whlch emerged from Lhe navel of lord
vlshnu boLh Lhe demons Lrled Lo klll hlm Lord 8rahma euloglzed yoga nldra So LhaL lord
vlshnu could be awakened from Lhe sleep Coddess 8hagavaLl became pleased and Lold 8rahma
LhaL ln a shorL whlle from now she would be manlfesLlng herself Lo klll Lhe demons
8hagavaLl manlfesLed herself ln Lhe form of kall from Lhe mouLh and eyes of lord vlshnu
Meanwhlle lord vlshnu awakened from hls sleep Pe foughL wlLh Lhe demons for one Lhousand
years buL could noL defeaL Lhem AL lasL Lhe demons Lold lord vlshnu LhaL Lhey wanLed Lo bless
hlm wlLh a boon Lord vlshnu demanded Lhelr deaLh Seelng waLer on all sldes Lhe demons Lold
hlm LhaL he could klll Lhem where no waLer was found Lord vlshnu Lhen severed Lhelr heads
afLer laylng Lhem on hls Lhlghs lnCA8nA1lCn Cl MAPALAkSPMl
Mahlshasur Lhe son of 8ambhasur had capLured Lhe heaven afLer defeaLlng Lhe delLles 1he
sorrowful delLles came Lo seek Lhe help of lord vlshnu and Lord Shlva
Lord Shlva and Lord vlshnu became exLremely furlous afLer hearlng abouL Lhe mlsdeeds of
Mahlshasur 8adlanL llghLs appeared from Lhe bodles of vlshnu Shlva and oLher delLles and
collecLlvely manlfesLed lnLo a slngle form of Mahalakshml All Lhe delLles presenLed Lhelr
respecLlve weapons Lo her
Mahalakshml wenL Lo flghL Mahlshasur who foughL vallanLly by changlng hls appearance buL
ulLlmaLely goL kllled by her 1he delLles became very pleased by Lhe deaLh of Mahlshasur 1hey
euloglzed and worshlpped her
lnCA8nA1lCn Cl MAPASA8ASWA1l
AfLer belng LormenLed by Lhe demons Shumbha and nlshumbha Lhe delLles wenL Lo goddess
arvaLl and requesLed her Lo proLecL Lhem kaushlkl manlfesLed from Lhe body of goddess arvaLl
Coddess kaushlkl assured Lhe delLles and dlsappeared
8y colncldence Lhe aLLendanLs of Lhe demons Shumbha and nlshumbha happened Lo see
kaushlkl and became enchanLed by her dlvlne beauLy 1hey wenL Lo Shumbha and nlshumbha
and pralsed abouL her beauLy
8oLh Lhe demons senL a messenger Lo Summon her kaushlkl asked Lhe messenger Lo convey Lhe
message Lo Lhe demons LhaL only such a person can become her lord who defeaLs her ln a baLLle
1he messenger reLurned and gave Lhe message Lo Shumbha and nlshumbha
8oLh Lhe demons were enraged 1hey senL a huge army Lo brlng kaushlkl forclble under Lhe
commandershlp of uhumralochan When uhumralochan reached Lhere he Lold her abouL hls
masLers command kaushlkl gave Lhe some reply LhaL only such a person can become her masLer
who defeaLs her ln a baLLle uhumralochan Lhen Lrled Lo abducL her forclbly kaushlkl gave a loud
roar ln her anger as a resulL of whlch uhumralochan was burnL Lo deaLh 1he whole army was
annlhllaLed by her vehlclellon
When Shumbha and nlshumbha learnL abouL Lhe deaLh of uhumralochan and Lhe desLrucLlon of
hls army Lhey senL many mlghLy demons llke Chanda Munda 8akLabee[a eLc Lo flghL her 8uL
each of Lhem goL kllled by goddess kaushlkl
ulLlmaLely Shumbha and nlshumba Lhemselves came forward Lo flghL 8oLh of Lhem aLLacked
kaushlkl wlLh volley of arrows kaushlkl desLroyed Lhelr whole army 1he whole baLLlefleld
became flooded wlLh blood AfLer LhaL kaushlkl kllled nlshumbha wlLh speclal Lypes of arrows
whlch dld noL allow slngle drop of blood Lo fall on Lhe ground Angered by hls broLhers deaLh Shumbha
aLLacked kaushlks wlLh hls varlous weapons buL she
neuLrallzed all of Lhem AL lasL she kllled Shumbha wlLh her LrldenL
uMA WA8nS 1PL uLl1lLS
Cnce afLer havlng defeaLed Lhe demons Lhe delLles had become very arroganL and proud 1hey
sLarLed lndulglng ln self pralse Suddenly Lhey were sLarLed by Lhe emergence of radlanL llghL
before Lhem All Lhe delLles became scarred and wenL Lo lndra lndra senL vayu Lo LesL Lhe power
of LhaL radlanL llghL As soon as vayu reached Lhere he found LhaL he had become powerless Cne
by one all Lhe delLles came buL reLurned afLer belng defeaLed AL lasL lndra hlmself wenL Lhere
As soon as lndra reached Lhere he found LhaL he had become berefL of all hls powers
Suddenly goddess uma manlfesLed herself and warned lndra agalnsL becomlng arroganL lndra
reallzed hls mlsLake
1PL lnCA8nA1lCn Cl SPAkAM8A8l
1he mosL vallanL demon uurgam had acqulred all Lhe four vedas from lord 8rahma afLer
pleaslng hlm Lord 8rahma had also glven a boon of lnvlnclblllLy Lo hlm
uurgam became very arroganL and sLarLed LormenLlng Lhe whole world As Lhe consequence lL dld
noL raln for one hundred years and Lhe whole world was hlL by droughL
1he delLles wenL Lo goddess Maheshwarl (arvaLl) and narraLed abouL Lhelr woeful Lales Coddess
Maheshwarl was so moved by Lhelr pllghLs LhaL Lears rolled down from her eyes for nlne
conLlnuous days and nlghLs 1he Lear Look Lhe form of a rlver as Lhe resulL of whlch Lhe phase of
droughL came Lo an end
1he delLles Lhen requesLed her Lo recover Lhe vedas whlch were ln possesslon of uurgam 1hey
Lhen wenL back Lo Lhelr abode When uurgam saw LhaL people were llvlng happlly he aLLacked
wlLh a large army AL LhaL very momenL goddess manlfesLed herself and foughL a Lremendous
baLLle wlLh uurgam lrom her body manlfesLed Lhe Len Mahavldyas and many oLher goddesses
AL lasL goddess Maheshwarl kllled uurgam wlLh her LrldenL and recovered Lhe vedas from hls
possesslon She Lhen handed over Lhe vedas Lo Lhe delLles Maheshwarl ls also known as
Shakambharl as she had creaLed rlver by her Lears and saved Lhe llves of people
A81 Slx kAlLASP SAMPl1A
CLASSlllCA1lCnS Cl ?CCA
uescrlblng abouL Lhe varlous Lypes of ?oga SuLa Lold Lhe sages LhaL Lhere were Lhree Lypes of
?oga Cyan ?oga krlya ?oga and 8hakLl ?oga Lach of Lhem ls capable of glvlng salvaLlon
Lo a man When Lhe mlnd or lnLellecL unlLes wlLh Lhe soul lL ls called Cyan ?oga When Lhe soul
geLs aLLached wlLh exLernal ob[ecLs lL ls called krlya yoga 1he unlflcaLlon of ones whole belng wlLh
goddess 8hagawaLl ls called 8hakLl ?oga All Lhese Lhree yogas comblnedly are capable of
glvlng salvaLlon Lo a man A man becomes a devoLee by hls acLlons or karmas uevoLlon or
8hakLl helps a man Lo aLLaln !nana or knowledge !nana or knowledge glves salvaLlon ?oga ls
Lhe paLh Lhrough whlch a man can aLLaln llberaLlon whereas krlyayoga ls Lhe chlef means Lo
aLLaln lL
CCnuuC1S Cl A SAn?ASl
A Sanyasl should wake up early ln Lhe mornlng AfLer geLLlng up he should remember hls
precepLor or Curu and Lhen he should pray Lo express hls graLlLude Lowards hls Curu
AfLer LhaL he should pracLlce ranayama and Lry Lo concenLraLe hls mlnd on Lhe slx chakras
presenL ln hls bodles
AfLer Lhe compleLlon of ranayama and concenLraLlon on Lhe slx chakras he should flnlsh hls
dally rouLlnes AfLer applylng ashes on hls body he should chanL Lhe sacred manLras and perform
Larpana SubsequenLly he should perform Achaman and Lhen pracLlce ranayama for Lhree Llmes
AfLer LhaL he should remember Lhe sages or rlshls Whlle golng Lo do worshlp he should malnLaln
sllence all along Lhe way Pe should do worshlp only afLer washlng hls feeL and performlng
Achaman
A Sanyasl should pasLe Lhe ground wlLh cow dung and consLrucL a quadrangular Mandap Pe
should Lhen keep a broad leaf of alm Lree aL lLs cenLer Pe should Lhen fence Lhe area wlLh
coloured Lhreads from all Lhe four dlrecLlons AfLer LhaL he should draw a elghL peLalled flower ln
Lhe cenLer of Lhe Mandap upon whlch he should draw a Shlva ?anLra AL lasL he can commence
hls worshlp of Lhe Sun god
1PL C8LA1nLSS Cl 8AnAv MAn18A
Sage vamadev was a greaL devoLee of lord Shlva from hls blrLh Pe never used Lo remaln aL a
place for long Cne day he had gone Lo a mounLaln peak named kumar whlch was slLuaLed
Lowards Lhe souLh of Sumeru MounLaln Pe meL karLlkeya who revealed Lo hlm LhaL ranav
ManLra dlrecLly slgnlfles Lhe almlghLy Cod karLlkeya also Lold hlm LhaL wlLh Lhe help of LhaL
manLra a person can aLLaln lord Shlva who llberaLes from all Lhe bondage of llfe
1hough vamadeva hlmself knew abouL Lhe power of ranav manLra yeL he requesLed karLlkeya
Lo shed some more llghL on lL karLlkeya Lold hlm LhaL any one could have Lhe proxlmlLy of lord
Shlva by Lhe help of Lhe means prescrlbed ln Lhe ShruLls and Lhe SamrlLls
8egardlng Lhe meLhods of Shlvas worshlp karLlkeya Lold vamadeva LhaL Lhough Sadashlva was
one yeL he was known by varlous names llke Maheshwar 8udra 8rahma and vlshnu Mahesh
was creaLed from Lhe LhousandLh parL of Sadashlva 1he goddess of all llluslons 8hagawaLl
dwells ln Lhe lefL slde of Sadashlva Lherefore he ls Lhe lord of all Lhe acLlons of Lhe unlverse
Sadashlva plays hls deslre acLs by lndulglng ln creaLlon nurLuremenL and annlhllaLlon of Lhls
world lnl1lA1lCn Anu LAS1 8l1LS Cl A SAn?ASl
vamadeva requesLed karLlkeya Lo enllghLen hls mlnd wlLh LhaL knowledge wlLhouL whlch a
Sanyasl can never aLLaln llberaLlon
karLlkeya Lhen Lold hlm abouL Lhe meLhods how a Sanyasl should geL lnlLlaLlon from hls guru A
dlsclple should worshlp hls guru ln any of Lhe followlng monLhs Shravana Ashwln karLlk
Agahan and Magh Pe should Lhen esLabllsh a kalash and worshlp lL Pe should agaln worshlp
hls guru conslderlng hlm as Lhe form of Shlva
1he guru should Lhen lnlLlaLe hlm wlLh Lhe Shlva manLra AfLer geLLlng Lhe ManLra Lhe dlsclple
should chanL lL conslderlng hlmself as Shlva Shlvoaham AfLer Lhls Lhe dlsclple should geL hls
head Lonsured 1he barber who ls supposed Lo shave off Lhe halrs should be glven pure cloLhes Lo
wear 1he barber should also wash hls hands wlLh mud and waLer 1he lnsLrumenLs and
apparaLus whlch he ls supposed Lo use should be made pure by Lhe AsLra manLras
llrsL of all Lhe fronL porLlon of Lhe head should be shaved off afLer LhaL Lhe back porLlon of Lhe
head should be shaved off 1he dlsclple should Lhen geL hls beards and mousLache shaved off
AfLer Lhls Lhe dlsclple should massage hls body wlLh mud and Lake baLh by Laklng Lwelve dlps ln
a pond AfLer Laklng hls baLh he should worshlp hls Curu and medlLaLe on lord Shlva
karLlkey Lold Sage vamadev LhaL an asceLlc does noL dle buL Lakes a Samadhl Lherefore lnsLead
of belng cremaLed he ls burled 1herefore an asceLlc musL pracLlce Lhe arL of Samadhl Lo
perfecLlon lf he has noL yeL perfecLed Lhe arL of Samadhl Lhen he should keep on pracLlclng yoga
Llll he aLLalns masLery over Lhe arL of Samadhl Pe should Lry Lo concenLraLe hls mlnd on Lhe
Cmkar manLra whlch ls eLernal lf hls body has become weak and feeble and lncapable of dolng
physlcal exerclses llke ranayama Lhen he should lndulge hlmself ln Shlva remembrance 1hls
way an asceLlc can aLLaln Lo heaven AfLer hls deaLh Lhe resL of Lhe asceLlcs should perform Lhe
rlLuals aL hls place of deaLh for Len days
An alLar should be consLrucLed on Lhe elevenLh day llve quadrangular mandals should be made
faclng Lowards Lhe norLhern dlrecLlon ln each of Lhese mandas delLles llke ueveshwarl
ALlwahak eLc should be esLabllshed flrsL and Lhen worshlpped 1he worshlp should be done as
per Lhe lnsLrucLlon of Curu by offerlng rasada 1hls rasada should be glven Lo a vlrgln glrl or
cow laLer on 1he arLlcles used ln Lhe process of worshlp should be lmmersed ln Lhe rlver or
pond ln Lhls way Lhe arvan shradha ceremony of Lhe deceased asceLlc ls accompllshed lL ls
worLh noLhlng LhaL LkodlshLa Shradha ls noL performed afLer an asceLlc deaLh
AfLer Lhe compleLlon of arvan Shradha Lhe asceLlc should perform Lhe Lkadashah Shradha as
per Lhe lnsLrucLlons of Lhelr Curu Cn Lhe LwelfLh day Lhe asceLlcs should lnvlLe Lhe brahmlns
afLer geLLlng up ln Lhe mornlng and Laklng Lhelr baLh 1hese brahmlns should be feeded
1he asceLlcs should Lhen Lake a vow Lo worshlp Lhelr Curu by holdlng a kusha grass ln Lhelr
hands AfLer LhaL Lhey should wash Lhe loLus feeLs of Lhelr Curu and worshlp hlm Lven Lhe
worshlp of Curus Leacher should be done AfLer Lhe worshlp ls over Lhe Curu should geL up by saylng
ShubhamasLu benedlcLlon Lo all Pe
should Lhen sprlnkle Lhe purlfled rlce by chanLlng manLras AL lasL donaLlons should be made Lo
Lhe lnvlLed brahmlns
A81 SLvLn vA?vl?A SAMPl1A
1PL C8lCln Cl vlu?A (knCWLLuCL)
1here are fourLeen Lypes of learnlng or vldyas four vedas Slx vedangs Meemansa nyay
uranas and oLher rellglous scrlpLures 1hese fourLeen learnlng along wlLh Ayurveda
uhanurveda Candharvaveda and ArLhashasLra becomes elghLeen All Lhese elghLeen learnlngs
orlglnaLe from lord Shlva
Lord Shlva creaLed lord 8rahma Lo fellclLaLe Lhe process of creaLlon and besLowed hlm wlLh all
Lhese elghLeen learnlngs Pe also empowered lord vlshnu Lo proLecL Lhe creaLlon
1he four vedas emerged from Lhe mouLh of Lord 8rahma on Lhe basls of whlch were creaLed Lhe
numerous scrlpLures llke vedangs eLc Slnce Lhese vedas were dlfflculL Lo undersLand Lherefore
lord vlshnu Look lncarnaLlon of vyasa and creaLed Lhe uranas so LhaL Lhey could be undersLood
easlly 1he uranas conLaln four lakh shlokas and Lhey help us Lo undersLand Lhe essence of Lhe
vedas
1PL 1ALL Cl nAlMlSPA8An?A
Cnce lord 8rahma released hls Manomaya chakra and lnsLrucLed Lhe sages Lo follow lL Pe also
Lold Lhem LhaL Lhe place aL whlch Lhe Manomaya chakra broke down would be very ausplclous
for dolng penance
1he sages followed Lhe Manomaya chakra whlch afLer Lravelllng for a long Llme fell down on a
large segmenL of land and lLs clrcumference (neml) broke down as predlcLed by lord 8rahma
1hls segmenL of land became famous as nalmlsharanya
1he sages declded Lo perform a ?agya aL LhaL sacred place 1hls way Lhe very place slLLlng
where lord 8rahma dld creaLlons All Lhe sages commenced Lhelr ?agya whlch conLlnued for Len
Lhousand years Cn Lhe compleLlon of ?agya Lhe delLy arrlved Lhere and blessed Lhem as per Lhe
lnsLrucLlon of lord 8rahma
1lML CALCuLA1lCn Anu ?uCAS
uescrlblng abouL Lhe Llme (kala) vayudeva Lold Lhe sages LhaL kala or Llme ls Lhe radlance of
lord Shlva kala or Llme ls also known as kalaLma 1he Llme flows smooLhly wlLhouL belng
dlsLurbed 1lme ls under Lhe conLrol of lord Shlva Slnce Lhe Llme conLalns Lhe elemenL of Shlva
(ShlvaLLaLva) hence lLs momenLum can noL be checked by any oLher power excepL LhaL of Shlva
Cne who undersLands Lhe meanlng of kala has a darshan of lord Shlva
1he smallesL unlL for measurlng Lhe Llme ls called nlmesh 1he Llme Laken Lo drop ones eyelld ls
called one nlmesh A kala conslsLs of flfLeen nlmeshas and LhlrLy kalas make a MuhurLa
A day and a nlghL conslsL of LhlrLy MuhurLas A monLh conslsLs of LhlrLy days dlvlded lnLo Lwo
forLnlghLs Cne forLnlghL ls known as krlshna aksha (dark lunar phase) and Lhe oLher ls known
as Shukla aksha (brlghL lunar phase)
ln lLarloka Lhe day conslsLs of one forLnlghL and nlghL of Lhe same number of days Shukla
aksha ls Lhe day of Lhe lLraloka and krlshna aksha Lhe nlghL
Cne Ayana conslsLs of Slx monLhs A year conslsLs of Lwo Ayanas Cne year of Lhe earLh ls
equlvalenL Lo a day and a nlghL of Lhe delLles 1he slx monLhs when Sun ls ln Lhe souLhern
hemlsphere of Lhe earLh ls acLually Lhe Llme when Lhe delLles experlence nlghL Cn Lhe conLrary
Lhe slx monLhs when sun ls ln Lhe norLhern hemlsphere ls Lhe day Llme of Lhe delLles Cne year of
Lhe delLles ls equlvalenL Lo Lhree hundred and slxLy years of Lhls world
1he yugas are counLed on Lhe basls of Lhe years of Lhe delLles Accordlng Lo Lhe scholars Lhere are
four yugas SaLya ?uga 1reLa ?uga uwapar ?uga and kall ?uga
A SaLya ?uga ls equlvalenL Lo four Lhousand years of Lhe delLles
A 1reLa ?uga ls equlvalenL Lo Lhree Lhousand years of Lhe delLles
Slmllarly a uwapar ?uga ls equlvalenL Lo Lwo Lhousand years of Lhe delLles and a kall ?uga Lo
LhaL of one Lhousand years of Lhe delLles
1hls way all Lhe four yugas collecLlvely are equlvalenL Lo Lwelve Lhousand years of Lhe delLles
A kalpa conslsLs of one Lhousand ChaLuryugas A ManvanLar conslsLs of sevenLy one
ChaLuryugas
Cne kalpa ls lnhlblLed by fourLeen Manus one afLer anoLher ln successlon
A 8rahmas day ls equlvalenL Lo one dlvlne kalpa A 8rahmas year ls equlvalenL Lo one Lhousand
kalpas A 8rahmas yuga conslsLs of elghL Lhousand such years
A 8rahmas Savan conslsLs of hls one Lhousand yugas 8rahmas llfe span ls compleLe afLer Lhree
Lhousand such Sawanas llve lakh and forLy Lhousand numbers of lndras succeed one afLer
anoLher durlng Lhe whole llfe span of 8rahma A vlshnu day ls equlvalenL Lo Lhe whole llfe span of
8rahma 1he whole llfe span of vlshnu ls
equlvalenL Lo a day of 8udra 1he whole llfe span of 8udra ls equlvalenL Lo a day of lord Shlva
ln Lhe whole llfe of lord Shlva flve lakh and four Lhousand numbers of 8udras come and go
A Shlvas day commences wlLh Lhe creaLlon and before Lhe end of Lhe nlghL Lhe whole creaLlon
geLs annlhllaLed Sadashlva ls eLernal
MLul1A1lCn
uescrlblng abouL medlLaLlon vayudeva Lold Lhe sages LhaL Lo concenLraLe ones resLless mlnd
durlng medlLaLlve sLaLe a man needs some klnd of form (Swarupa) or appearance ldol worshlp
ls very helpful ln Lhls regard lf an ldol of Lhe delLy ls worshlpped wlLh full devoLlon Lhen a Llme
comes when a man can have lLs slghL even ln an empLy space ldol worshlp also helps a devoLee
Lo reach Lowards Lhe almlghLy Cod who ls formless lL ls easy for a devoLee who belleves ln
Sakar (wlLh form) Lo change over Lo Lhe nlrakar (formless) worshlp of Cod 8uL lL ls very
dlfflculL for a devoLee who belleves ln Lhe formless almlghLy Lo swlLch over Lo Sakar mode of
worshlp 1he knowledge of Shlvas essence ls a musL aLLaln salvaLlon ln boLh Lhe modes of
devoLlon
ASPuA1 v8A1A 8l1uALS CCnnLC1Lu Wl1P
SPlvAS WC8SPl
Cne belng asked by Lhe sages abouL Lhe rlLuals whlch glves salvaLlon vayudeva Lold Lhem LhaL
by havlng devoLlon Lowards lord Shlva a man can achleve all Lhe pleasures of Lhe world and
even aLLaln salvaLlon vayudeva also Lold Lhem abouL ashupaL vraLa and Lhe beneflLs derlved
from lL
1he whole ashupaL vraLa ls dlvlded lnLo flve parLs krlya 1alpel 1apa uhyana and Cyan 1he
Shalvadharma ls Lhe supreme rellglon and Lhe rlLuals perLalnlng Lo lL are based on Lhe ShrulLs and
Lhe SmrlLls ashupaL vraLa has been menLloned ln Lhe vedas as Lhe besLower of Supreme
knowledge lL also conLalns all Lhe elghL organs of yoga whlch were creaLed by lord Shlva
hlmself Lord Shlva ls easlly pleased lf worshlp ls done by Lhls meLhod 1he devoLee aLLalns
supreme knowledge and becomes llberaLed from all Lhe bondages of Lhls world
ashupaL vraLa has been menLloned even ln Lhe ALharvasheersha upanlshad lL beglns on Lhe full
moon day ln Lhe monLh of ChalLra lL can be performed anywhere a Shlva Lemple any sacred
place of pllgrlmage foresL or garden
A devoLee should geL up early ln Lhe mornlng on Lhe LhlrLeenLh day of brlghL lunar phase (Lwo
days precedlng Lhe full moon day) and afLer flnlshlng hls dally duLles he should make saluLaLlons
Lo hls Curu WlLh Lhe permlsslon of hls guru Lhe devoLee should Lhen puL on whlle coloured
cloLhes and a sacred Lhread of Lhe same colour Pe should also wear a whlLe garland around hls
neck and apply sandal wood pasLe on hls body Pe should Lhen slL on Lhe seaL made of kusha
grass and Lake a vow by holdlng a kusha grass ln hls hand AfLer Lhls he should do Pavana by offerlngs
arLlcles lnLo Lhe sacred flre Pe should observe a fasL for Lhe whole day and break lL
only ln Lhe nlghL by havlng rasada
1hls rlLual should be repeaLed on Lhe followlng day buL Lhe fasL should noL be broken ln Lhe nlghL
Cn Lhe flnal day LhaL ls full moon day he should repeaL all Lhe rlLuals and afLer puLLlng off Lhe flre
of Lhe Pavana kunda he should smear hls body wlLh Lhe ashes Pe should Lhen Lake hls baLh and
puL on dears skln or bark of Lhe Lree Pe should also hold a sLlck and puL on a walsL band
(Mekhala) AfLer LhaL he should agaln rlnse (Achaman) hls mouLh and smear ashes on hls body
Pe should perform Lhe exerclse of AshLanga yoga 1hree Llmes ln a day as per Lhe lnsLrucLlons of
hls guru 1hls way a man ls freed from Lhe beasLly quallLles presenL ln hlm
ashupaL vraLa can be performed by a devoLee as long as he ls allve or he can conLlnue lL for
Lwelve years of Lhree years or one year or slx monLhs or one monLh or Lwelve days or Lhree days
or even one day Cn Lhe compleLlon of ashupaL vraLa a devoLee should esLabllsh a Shlva ldol
and worshlp lL wlLh all Lhe slxLeen modes of worshlp AL lasL he should perform Awaran u[an
and Lhen worshlp hls guru 1hrough ouL Lhe perlod of fasL a devoLee should have frulLs only and
he should sleep on Lhe bare land ashupaL vraLa done ln such a way helps a devoLee Lo aLLaln Lo
Lhe abode of lord Shlva
ln18CuuC1lCn Cl 1PL unlvL8SL
vayudeva Lold Lhe sages who had assembled aL nalmlsharanya LhaL goddess Caurl was Lhe
manlfesLaLlon of Shlvas power and Shankar Lhe omnlpoLenL almlghLy 8oLh Shlva and goddess
Shlva conLaln faLhomless splendours of whlch only a fracLlon ls vlslble ln Lhls world 1hls world
ls under Lhe conLrol of Shlva and goddess Shlva 8oLh of Lhem are lnseparable !usL as Lhe llghL of
Lhe sun can noL exlsL wlLhouL Lhe Sun ln Lhe same way goddess Shlva can noL exlsL wlLhouL lord
Shlva !usL as a llfeless body ls of no use slmllarly Lhe world can noL exlsL wlLhouL goddess
ShakLl
1hls llluslonary world ls Lled up wlLh Lhe deluslonary ropes of Shlva and ShakLl 1he whole
creaLlon ls Lhe appearance of AlmlghLy Shlva 1he lgnoranL sages descrlbe lL ln dlfferenL ways
accordlng Lo Lhelr own percepLlons 8uL Lhe facL ls LhaL Shlva ls one and Lhls world ls Lhe creaLlon
of hls llluslons A man can aLLaln llberaLlon from Lhls llluslonary world only when he has Lhe
blesslngs of Shlva
Lord Shlva ls beyond Lhe reach of lusL aLLachmenL and pleasures Pls exlsLence ls separaLe from
Lhe naLure deluslon lnLelllgence and ego Pe ls free from all Lhe bondages
uu1lLS Cl A 88APMln
An ldeal brahmln ls supposed Lo perform Lhe followlng duLles
a) 1rlkal Sandhya (worshlpplng Lhrlce a day) b) Pavan (offerlngs made Lo Lhe sacred flre) c)
Worshlp of Shlvallnga d) Maklng donaLlons A brahmln should also have Lhe followlng quallLles a) 1o see
god ln each soul b)Compasslon c)
vlrLuous conducLs d) SaLlsfacLlon e) 8ellef ln Cod f) non vlolence g)uevoLlon h) 8egular vedas
sLudy l) racLlclng ?oga [) reachlng Leachlngs of vedas k)Clvlng lecLures on Lhe rellglous
scrlpLures l) 8elng a cellbaLe m) enance n)Pavlng a Shlkha and a scared Lhread eLc
A brahmln should never have food durlng Lhe nlghL and should conLenLly chanL Lhe Cm namah
Shlvay manLra Lord Shlva ls noL pleased LhaL much by rlLuals as by falLh and devoLlon A man
who worshlps lord Shlva whlle malnLalnlng Lhe rules of varna ashrama dharma has Lhe
blesslngs of lord Shlva and all of hls deslres are fulfllled
CPAn1lnC Cl MAn18AS Anu LS1A8LlSPlnC
uLl1lLS Wl1Pln 8Cu?
AfLer geLLlng lnlLlaLed wlLh Lhe Shlva manLra a devoLee should chanL lL for once crore Llmes or
flfLy lakh Llmes or LwenLy lakh Llmes or Len lakh Llmes whlle worshlpplng Shlva Pavana
should be performed for LenLh parL of Lhe LoLal chanLlng 1arpan should be performed for LenLh
parL of Lhe number of Pavana Slmllarly Mar[an should be performed for Lhe LenLh parL of Lhe
numbers of 1arpan 1he numbers of 8rahmlns selecLed for feedlng should be equlvalenL Lo Lhe
LenLh parL of Lhe numbers of Mar[an
AL lasL Lhe dlsclple should glve donaLlons Lo Lhe brahmlns and engage hlmself ln Lhe welfare of
socleLy as per Lhe lnsLrucLlons of hls Curu
AsceLlclsm (nyas) are of Lhree Lypes SLhlLl (posLure) uLpaLLl (orlgln) and Laya (fuslon)
LsLabllshlng and chanLlng Lhe crypLlc manLras (alphabeLs) from Lhe Lhumb Lo Lhe llLLle flnger ls
called SLhlLl nyas
LsLabllshlng and Lhen chanLlng Lhe crypLlc manLras from Lhe rlghL Lhumb Lo Lhe lefL Lhumb ls
called uLpaLLl nyas
LsLabllshlng and Lhen chanLlng Lhe crypLlc manLras from Lhe lefL Lhumb Lo Lhe rlghL Lhumb ls
called Laya nyas
SLhlLl nyas should be pracLlced by Lhe householders uLpaLLl nyas should be pracLlced by Lhe
cellbaLes Laya nyas should be pracLlced by Lhose people who have rellnqulshed Lhe world
(vanprasLh)
A wldow should pracLlce SLhlLl nyas An unmarrled glrl should pracLlce uLapaLLl nyas
1hese modes of nyas should be pracLlced only afLer belng LaughL by Lhe Curu
MLn1AL WC8SPl Cl SPlvAWhlle dolng a menLal worshlp of Shlva a devoLee should worshlp lord
Canesha by followlng Lhe
nyas mode of worshlp AfLer LhaL he should worshlp varlous delLles relaLed wlLh lord Shlva llke
nandl eLc 1hen he should brlng Lhe form of lord Shlva lnLo hls lmaglnaLlon and worshlp hlm
menLally by maklng menLal offerlngs
1he devoLee should Lhen perform Pavana ln Lhe navel of lord Shlva by offerlng ghee 1he
worshlp should be accompllshed by medlLaLlng on Lhe form of Shlva
1he devoLee should Lake hls seaL only afLer purlfylng lL Pe should Lake a vow afLer compleLlng
all Lhe necessary rlLuals llke Achaman ranayama Lylng a knoL ln hls Shlkha
AfLer dolng Lhe ueepa u[an he should worshlp varlous delLles llke Sun god Moon god
varuna Canesha and karLlkeya eLc Pe should Lhen worshlp boLh Shlva and ShakLl by
employlng all Lhe slxLeen modes of worshlp (Shodasopachar) 1he devoLee should perform arLl
ln Lhe end
ln Lhe speclallzed form of Shlvas worshlp Awaran u[an of Shlva ls done along wlLh Lhe normal
pu[an Awaran u[an means worshlp of all Lhe arLlcles connecLed wlLh lord Shlva llke hls LrldenL
hls drum eLc ln Lhls speclallzed worshlp Lhe Shlvas ldol should be baLhed flrsL of all 1hen Lhe
ldol should be cloLhed A sacred Lhread should be offered Lo Lhe Shlvas ldol along wlLh Lhe oLher
offerlngs llke Lllak AkshaL eLc AfLer Lhls Lhe awaran pu[an of Shlva should be done along wlLh
Lhe worshlp of Shlvas famlly
lf Lhe devoLee feels LhaL someLhlng was lacklng ln Lhe worshlp he should aLone for LhaL mlsLake
by chanLlng Lhe anchakshar manLra Cm namah Shlvay
ML1PCu Cl L8lC8MlnC PAvAnA
Whlle performlng a Shlva ?agya a devoLee should make offerlngs Lo Lhe havanakunda made of
lron or mud llre should be lgnlLed ln Lhe havankunda followlng Lhe meLhods as prescrlbed ln Lhe
scrlpLures Pe can Lhen commence Lhe acLual worshlp
1he devoLee should make of offerlngs of ghee wlLh Sruva (a wooden spoon) and oLher arLlcles
wlLh hls hands 1he offerlngs should be flrsL made ln Lhe names of lord 8rahma (ra[apaLl) Lhen
Lo Lhe nlne planeLs and oLher delLles AfLer LhaL offerlngs should be made ln Lhe name of Lhe chlef
delLy
1he devoLee should Lhen make nlne offerlngs Lo each of Lhe delLles llke Agnl vayu and Surya
eLc AL lasL he should perform Lhe arLl and aLone for Lhose mlsLakes whlch he mlghL have
commlLLed durlng Lhe whole process of worshlp Pe should also glve donaLlons Lo Lhe brahmlns
and feed Lhem
AuSlClCuS uA?S lC8 uClnC SPlvA WC8SPl
1he elghLh day and Lhe fourLeenLh day of boLh Lhe forLnlghLs of each Plndu monLh are consldered
Lo be Lhe mosL ausplclous for Lhe worshlp of lord Shlva Slmllarly Lhe solsLlce day (SankranLl) when Lhe
sun ls poslLloned norLh of equaLor and ecllpse
day are consldered Lo be very ausplclous Cn Lhese days a speclal worshlp of lord Shlva should
be done by baLhlng Lhe Shlva ldol wlLh anchagavya and havlng lL ls prasadam lL frees a man
from Lhe gravesL of slns Slmllarly Lhe day of ushya nakshaLra falllng ln Lhe monLh of ausha
ls consldered as very ausplclous and performlng arLl of Shlva on Lhls day glves lmmense vlrLues
Maklng donaLlons of Chee and blankeLs on Magha nakshaLra falllng ln Lhe monLh of Magh
glves lmmense vlrLues
1he followlng days are consldered Lo be Lhe mosL ausplclous for Lhe worshlp of lord Shlva
uLLara lalgunl nakshaLra on Lhe same day as urnlma ln Lhe monLh of lalgun
ChlLra nakshaLra falllng on Lhe same day as urnlma ln Lhe monLh of ChalLra
vlshakha nakshaLra falllng on Lhe same day as urnlma ln Lhe monLh of valshakh
Moola nakshaLra falllng ln Lhe monLh of !yeshLha
uLLarashadha nakshaLra falllng ln Lhe monLh of Ashadha
Shravana nakshaLra falllng ln Lhe monLh of Shravana
uLLara bhadra nakshaLra falllng ln Lhe monLh of 8hadra
urnlma ln Lhe monLh of Ashwln
karLlka nakshaLra falllng on Lhe same day as urnlma ln Lhe monLh of karLlk
Ardra nakshaLra falllng ln Lhe monLh of Margasheersha
uLSl8A8LL 8l1uALS (kAM?A kA8MA)
8lLuals can be caLegorlzed ln Lo Lwo Lypes
1) 8lLuals performed wlLh Lhe ob[ecLlve of fulfllllng worldly deslres 2) 8lLuals perLalnlng Lo
ulLra mundan deslres
ln general rlLuals can be classlfled lnLo flve caLegorles rlLuals penance chanLlng of manLras
medlLaLlon and all Lhe four collecLlvely
lor performance of rlLuals a man needs power and sLrengLh and one can noL achleve power unless
and unLll Shlva wlshes lL lL ls only wlLh Lhe blesslngs of Shlva LhaL a man can aLLaln boLh worldly
pleasures as well as llberaLlon 1hese rlLuals (kamya karma) are performed by maklng a mandal faclng
Lowards easL and dolng
awaran pu[an as well as worshlp of lord Shlva Worshlp of lord Shlva done ln Lhls way fulfllls
all Lhe deslres of a man
1he meLhods for Lhe worshlp of flve awarans of Shlva have been menLloned ln ShlvamahasLoLra
Lach of Lhe awarans have separaLe presldlng delLles Lhe worshlp of whlch should be done
accordlng Lo Lhe meLhods as descrlbed ln Lhe Shlva urana or as per Lhe lnsLrucLlon of Curu
lnS1ALLA1lCn Cl SPlvALlnCA
Accordlng Lo Lhe scrlpLures a Shlvallnga should be made ln an ausplclous momenL 1he land
where Lhe Shlvallnga ls supposed Lo be lnsLalled should be purlfled by performlng 8hoomlu[an
AfLer bhoomlu[an worshlpplng lord Canesha should be done AfLer LhaL Lhe Shlvallnga should
be purlfled by washlng lL wlLh panchgavya and afLer worshlpplng lL lL should be lmmersed ln Lhe
waLer
1he Shlvallnga should be Lhen Laken ouL from Lhe waLer and afLer worshlpplng lL lL should be lald
down on Lhe bed meanL for hlm lL should be Lhen lnsLalled aL Lhe deslred place and should be
consecraLed by chanLlng Lhe manLras All Lhe rlLuals should be performed as per Lhe lnsLrucLlons
of Curu
CLASSlllCA1lCn Cl ?CCA
?oga means such acLlons whlch afLer paclfylng all Lhe human Lendencles helps a man Lo unlLe
wlLh Shlva lollowlng are Lhe flve dlvlslons of yoga 1) ManLra ?oga 2) Sparsh ?oga (unlon of
Louch) 3) 8hava ?oga (unlon by devoLlon) 4) Abhava yoga (unlon wlLhouL belng emoLlonally
aLLached) 3) Mahayoga (1he greaL unlon)
ManLra yoga helps a man Lo undersLand Lhe meanlng of manLras and unlLlng wlLh Shlva by Lhe
concenLraLlon of mlnd When ManLra yoga ls perfecLed by Lhe pracLlce of ranayama lL ls called
Sparshyoga 8havayoga means medlLaLlng and chanLlng wlLhouL uLLerlng a word Abhava yoga
means such a unlon when Lhe devoLee conLemplaLes on Lhe flnal annlhllaLlon wlLhouL belng
emoLlonally aLLached wlLh Lhe world
A man whose mlnd ls preoccupled wlLh Lhe LhoughLs of Shlva ls supposed Lo have aLLalned Lhe
sLaLe of Mahayoga A yogl can unlLe wlLh Shlva afLer purlfylng hls body wlLh Lhe help of
ranayama eLc
C8S1ACLLS Anu ulvlnL CWL8S ln 1PL A1P Cl
?CCA1here are posslblllLles of numerous obsLacles belng faced by a man who pracLlces yoga llke
lazlness dlsease carelessness lack of concenLraLlon confuslon and sorrow eLc Whlle pracLlclng
yoga one musL Lry Lo keep hlmself free from such demerlLs
AfLer becomlng llberaLed from Lhese flaws a man can easlly aLLaln slx Lypes of accompllshmenL
LalenL (raLlbha) super power of hearlng (Shravana) excellenL conversaLlonal power and power
of speech (vraLa) ulvlne slghL (uarshan) ulvlne power of LasLe (Aswad) ulvlne power of Louch
(vedana) 1he capablllLy of seelng Lhlngs slLuaLed aL dlsLanL places ls called raLlbha 1he ablllLy
Lo llsLen wlLhouL maklng any efforL ls called Shravana 1he ablllLy Lo declpher Lhe meanlng of
anlmals language ls called vraLa 8elng able Lo see dlvlne Lhlngs wlLhouL maklng any efforL ls
called uarshan 1he power whlch enables a man Lo know abouL Lhe LasLe of a Lhlng wlLhouL
acLually LasLlng lL ls called Aswad vedana means Lhe knowledge of all Lypes of Louch
A devoLee can aLLaln all Lypes of accompllshmenL merely by havlng devoLlon Lowards lord Shlva
and by medlLaLlng on hlm ln Lhe beglnnlng a yogl should Lry Lo medlLaLe on Lhe form of Shlva
(Saguna) buL laLer on Lhe swlLch over Lo Shlvas formless (nlrguna) quallLy MedlLaLlng on
nlrguna form of Shlva ls noL easy lL can be masLered only by consLanL and sLeady pracLlce When
masLered lL besLows all klnds of accompllshmenL MedlLaLlon comblned wlLh ranayama glves
four Lypes of accompllshmenLs peace (ShanLl) LranqulllLy (rashanLl) lusLer (ulpLl) and boon
(rasad) A devoLee can have a darshan of lord Shlva lf he does medlLaLlon wlLh non aLLachmenL
SAnA1kuMA8 8LCLlvLS SPlvAC?An l8CM nAnul
1he sages Lhanked vayudeva for glvlng Lhe knowledge of !nana ?oga 1he nexL day Lhey Look
baLh ln rlver SaraswaLl and performed Lhelr worshlp and rlLuals AfLer LhaL Lhey proceeded
Lowards kashl AL kashl afLer Laklng Lhelr baLh ln rlver Canga Lhey had a darshan of lord
vlshwanaLh 1hey saw very radlanL effulgence appearlng ln Lhe sky ln whlch Lhey saw Lhousand
sages who had accompllshed ashupaL vraLa geLLlng merged 1he radlanL effulgence vanlshed ln
no Llme
1he sages were very curlous Lo know abouL LhaL radlanL effulgence so Lhey wenL Lo lord 8rahma
and asked hlm abouL lL Lord 8rahma Lold Lhem LhaL Lhe radlanL effulgence had acLually lnsLrucLed
Lhem Lo accompllsh ashupaL vraLa and aLLaln SalvaLlon Lord 8rahma Lhen lnsLrucLed Lhem Lo go
Lo Lhe Sumeru mounLaln where nandl was supposed Lo come and Leach Lhe meLhods of dolng
ashupaL vraLa Lo SanaLkumar
Cnce SanaLkumar became very arroganL of hls asceLlclsm Cne day lord Shlva arrlved aL hls
place buL SanaLkumar dld noL geL up Lo greeL hlm AL Lhls nandl became furlous and cursed hlm
Lo become a camel SanaLkumar goL Lransformed lnLo a camel Lord 8rahma worshlpped Shlva Lo
llberaLe hls son SanaLkumar from Lhe curse Lord Shlva became pleased and blessed
SanaLkumar as Lhe resulL of whlch he regalned hls human body
AfLer regalnlng hls human body SanaLkumar commenced a Lremendous penance Lord Shlva
lnsLrucLed nandl Lo go Lo Sumeru mounLaln and preach SanaLkumar 1he sages reached Sumeru
mounLaln as per Lhe lnsLrucLlon of lord 8rahma 1hey saw many sages
medlLaLlng aL Lhe bank of a pond 1hey also saw SanaLkumar engrossed ln hls medlLaLlon aL a
llLLle dlsLance from Lhe oLher medlLaLlng sages
1he sages wenL near SanaLkumar and Lold hlm abouL Lhelr penances done for Len Lhousand years
1hey also revealed Lo hlm abouL Lhe purpose of Lhelr arrlval 8lghL Lhen nandl arrlved Lhere
accompanled by hls ganas SanaLkumar and all Lhe sages welcomed hlm SanaLkumar lnLroduced
all Lhe sages Lo nandl and Lold hlm abouL Lhelr Lremendous penance done for Len Lhousand years
nandl became very pleased and blessed Lhem Pe Lhen preached SanaLkumar and all Lhe sages on
Lhe Shlva LaLLva
SanaLkumar passed on LhaL knowledge Lo Sage vyasa who agaln passed lL on Lo SuLa SuLa Lhen
revealed Lhls knowledge Lo Lhose sages who had assembled aL rayag AfLer recelvlng LhaL
knowledge from SuLa all Lhe sages wenL Lo rayaga LlrLha and Look Lhelr baLh As Lhey saw Lhe
slgns of approachlng kall ?uga Lhey wenL Lo kashl and performed Lhe ashupaL vraLa All of
Lhem aLLalned llberaLlon wlLh Lhe blesslngs of Lord vlshnu
LlsLenlng Lo Shlva urana for one Llme llberaLes a man from all of hls slns LlsLenlng Lo lL for Lwo
Llmes helps hlm Lo develop devoLlon ln lord Shlva LlsLenlng Lo Shlva urana for Lhree Llmes
helps a man Lo aLLaln Lo Lhe abode of Shlva
Pome
3 vAMAnA u8AnA
ln18CuuC1lCn
narada asks sage ulasLya abouL vamana lncarnaLlon
vamana urana ls one of Lhe elghLeen uranas wrlLLen by sage vyasa lL conLalns Lales perLalnlng
Lo Lord vlshnu ln hls vamana (dwarf) lncarnaLlon Sage ulasLya whlle glvlng answers Lo
naradas enqulry narraLes Lhe Lale of vamana urana
All Lhe uranas glve gllmpses of lndlan clvlllzaLlon and culLure and vamana urana ls no
excepLlon lL also Leaches Lhe vlrLue of rlghLeousness and rellglousness vamana urana noL only
conLalns Lhe dlvlne Lales of naranarayana and Coddess uurga buL lL also conLalns Lales of
famous devoLees llke rahlada Lhe salvaLlon of Ca[endra (elephanL) eLc
Sage narada asks ulasLya C revered sage! Why dld Srl Parl Lake Lhe lncarnaLlon of vamana?
Why dld rahlada flghL a baLLle wlLh Lhe delLles desplLe belng a devoLee of Lord vlshnu? Pow
dld SaLl uaksha ra[apaLls daughLer become Mahadevas consorL ln her nexL blrLh? l am eager Lo
know Lhe answers Lo all Lhese quesLlons
ulasLya replled C narada! Cnce SaLl requesLed Lord Shankar Lo make arrangemenLs for a
permanenL abode AL LhaL Llme Lord Shankar had hls abode aL Mandar MounLaln Summer
season was approachlng and SaLl qulLe rlghLly had apprehenslons of llvlng ln Lhe open Lord Shankar Lold
her LhaL as he was a recluse he never felL a need of a permanenL dwelllng 1hough
SaLl was noL saLlsfled by hls answers yeL she kepL quleL 1hls way boLh of Lhem conLlnued Lo llve
Lhere 1he summer season had passed and now lL was Lhe Lurn of ralny season Lo arrlve SaLl
made Lhe same requesL Lo Lord Shankar 1hls Llme Lord Shankar Lold her LhaL lL was lmposslble
for hlm Lo consLrucL a house as he had no wealLh Pe also Lold her LhaL he had only a Llger skln as
hls cloLhlng Lhe klng cobra hls sacred Lhread adma and lngal (snakes) hls earrlngs and
keval and uhanan[ay as hls armleLs
AfLer hearlng Lhls SaLl became worrled as Lo how she would pass Lhe ralny season wlLhouL a home Lord
Shankar Lhen assured her LhaL Lhls problem would be easlly solved lf she llved above Lhe clouds 1hls
way she would remaln unLouched by Lhe showers AfLer Lhls boLh of Lhem ascended Lowards Lhe sky
and
sLarLed llvlng above Lhe clouds lrom LhaL day onwards Lord Shankar came Lo be known as
!eebhooLvahan (one whose vehlcle ls Lhe cloud)
1ALLS Cl LC8u SPlvA
uAkSPA L8lC8MS A C8Anu ?AC?A
ulasLya says 1hls way boLh Shlva and SaLl llved above Lhe clouds Llll Lhe end of ralny season
When auLumn season arrlved boLh declded on reLurnlng Lo Mandar MounLaln uaksha had
organlsed a grand ?agya ln whlch he had lnvlLed all Lhe promlnenL delLles and sages excepL hls
own sonlnlaw Shankar and hls daughLer SaLl
narada was surprlsed as Lo why Maheshwar Lhe lord of all splendours was noL lnvlLed by
uaksha Pe was also curlous Lo know why Lord Shankar had become a kapall (a mendlcanL)
ulasLya Lold hlm LhaL durlng Lhe perlod of flnal annlhllaLlon Lord vlshnu afLer waklng up from
hls sleep found a dlvlne enLlLy who possessed Lhree eyes who had a LrldenL ln hls hands and who
wore a 8udraksha garland around hls neck Lord vlshnu Lhen creaLed ego whlch had lLs evll
effecLs on boLh 8rahma and Shankar Lord Shlva ln hls arrogance asked 8rahma hls ldenLlLy and
orlgln Lord 8rahma Lhen arroganLly asked Shankar hls ldenLlLy 1hls way a dlspuLe ensued LhaL
laLer on Lurned lnLo a flghL ln whlch 8rahma defeaLed Shankar Lord Shlva severed Lwo of Lhe
flve heads of Lord 8rahma 8uL Lhe second head fell and goL sLuck on Lord Shlvas lefL palm
Angrlly Lord 8rahma creaLed a Lerrlflc creaLure whlch challenged Shankar and rldlculed hlm by
saylng LhaL as he (Shankar) was a slnner Lherefore he would noL dlrLy hls hands by kllllng hlm
Lord Shankar was ashamed of hlmself Pe wenL Lo 8adrlkashrama and requesLed Lord vlshnu
for some alms Lord vlshnu asked Shankar Lo hlL on hls (vlshnus) lefL arm Shankar hlL vlshnus
lefL arm wlLh hls LrldenL and Lhe lmpacL resulLed ln Lhe creaLlon of Lhree sLreams 1he flrsL sLream
wenL up ln Lhe sky and esLabllshed lLself as Akashganga 1he second one was Mandaklnl whlch
was recelved by sage ALrl 1he Lhlrd sLream fell on Lhe skull whlch was sLuck ln Lord Shankars
lefL palm 1hls resulLed ln Lhe manlfesLaLlon of a dlvlne chlld who was feroclous and well armed
wlLh bow and arrows Shankar lnsLrucLed hlm Lo klll LhaL creaLure whlch was creaLed by 8rahma
A Lremendous duel was foughL beLween Lhem whlch was lnconcluslve for Lhousands of dlvlne
years
A11CnMLn1 Cl LC8u SPAnkA8Lord Shlva had commlLLed a grave sln of 8rahmahaLya All hls efforLs of
separaLlng 8rahmas
skull from hls lefL palm wenL ln valn ln Lhe meanLlme an enLlLy named 8rahmahaLya appeared
before hlm and enLered lnLo hls body
Lord Shankar declded Lo go Lo 8adrlkashrama Lo aLone for hls slns AfLer reachlng Lhere he
became worrled when he dld noL flnd Lord vlshnu Pe wenL Lo Lake a baLh ln rlver ?amuna buL
as soon as he enLered Lhe rlver Lhe waLer drled up Pe experlenced Lhls sLrange phenomenon aL
Lhe SaraswaLl 8lver as well Pe Lhen made pllgrlmages Lo numerous sacred and holy places buL
sLlll dld noL become free from 8rahmahaLya ue[ecLed he ulLlmaLely wenL Lo kuruksheLra where
he found Srl narayana and requesLed hlm Lo free hlm (Shankar) from Lhe slns of 8rahmahaLya
Lord vlshnu advlsed hlm Lo go on a pllgrlmage Lo varanasl where he would be llberaLed from
hls slns
lollowlng vlshnus lnsLrucLlons Lord Shankar wenL Lo varanasl and vlslLed all Lhe sacred slLes
llke uashashwamedh Lemple Lolarka Lemple and keshav Lemple Whlle he was worshlpplng
keshav he sald 1hough l have become llberaLed from my slns yeL l fall Lo undersLand Lhe
reason why Lhls skull sLlll sLlcks ln my hand keshav Lold hlm LhaL hls problems would be solved
lf he Lakes a baLh ln Lhe lake whlch was near Lhe Lemple Lord Shankar Look a baLh ln LhaL lake
and ulLlmaLely Lhe skull fell on Lhe ground 1he place where Lhe skull had fallen laLer on became
famous as kapalmochan
SA1l ClvLS u PL8 LllL
Sage ulasLya says C narada! 1hls way Lord Shlva became famous as kapall 1hls was Lhe
reason why uaksha dld noL lnvlLe hlm ln Lhe meanLlme !aya sage CauLams daughLer wenL Lo
see SaLl aL Mandar MounLaln Seelng her alone SaLl asked abouL her Lwo slsLers !ayanLl and
Apara[lLa !aya revealed Lo her LhaL boLh of Lhem had gone Lo Lhelr maLernalgrandfaLhers
(uaksha) ?agya !aya also Lold her LhaL all Lhe delLles had been lnvlLed Lo Lhe ?agya When SaLl
heard Lhls she was grleved and angry wlLh her faLher ln a flL of rage she gave up her llfe Seelng
her llfeless body !aya sLarLed walllng Lord Shlva arrlved Lhere and upon hearlng !ayas walls
asked her why SaLl was lylng on Lhe ground !aya Lhen narraLed Lhe whole sLory Lord Shankar
became so lnfurlaLed LhaL lL resulLed ln Lhe creaLlon of numerous Canas among whom veerbhadra
was Lhe mosL promlnenL one
Lord Shlva accompanled by Lhe Canas wenL Lo Lhe slLe where uaksha was performlng Lhe ?agya
A Lremendous baLLle ensued beLween Lhem and Lhe delLles and flnally Lhe delLles were
overpowered and ran away from Lhe slLe veerbhadra flndlng Lhe Llme opporLune enLered Lhe
oblaLlon slLe When Lhe delLles saw hlm enLerlng Lhe oblaLlon slLe Lhey reLurned and Lrled Lo
prevenL hlm from dolng so Agaln an lnLense baLLle erupLed beLween boLh Lhe sldes 1he delLles
used all klnds of weapons buL Lhey could noL conLrol Lhe onslaughL of veerbhadra and fled
veerbhadra Lhen wenL near Lhe sacrlflclal flre 1he sages were Lerrlfled and ran Lowards Lord
vlshnu who aLLacked veerbhadra wlLh arrows buL lL dld noL hurL hlm aL all vlshnu Lhen aLLacked
hlm wlLh oLher dlvlne weapons 8uL sLlll veerbhadra succeeded ln neuLrallslng Lhose weapons
vlshnu was enraged and aLLacked hlm wlLh hls Sudarshan chakra LhaL veerbhadra swallowed
1hls angered Lord vlshnu furLher Pe llfLed veerbhadra and dashlng hlm Lo Lhe ground pressed
veerbhadras sLomach as a resulL of whlch Lhe Sudarshan chakra came ouL from hls mouLh 8uL
Lord vlshnu spared veerbhadras llfe veerbhadra Lhen wenL Lo Lord Shlva and narraLed hls
woeful Lale of defeaL Lord Shlva lnsLrucLed veerbhadra Lo leave for a safer haven and hlmself
wenL Lo Lhe oblaLlon slLe accompanled by 8hadrakall 1he sages became scared on seelng hls
Lerrlfylng appearance
1PL uLS18uC1lCn Cl uAkSPAS ?AC?A
learlng Lord Shlvas wraLh Lord vlshnu wenL Lo Prlshlkesh and remalned aloof for qulLe some
Llme Shlvas anger generaLed so much heaL LhaL lL was enough Lo melL Lhe elghL vasus As a
resulL a rlver named SlLa sLarLed flowlng from Lhere AfLer belng aLLacked by Lord Shlva Lhe
delLles fled from Lhe scene
Lord Shlva Lhen opened hls Lhlrd eye and furlously looked aL Lhe flame burnlng ln Lhe Pavankund 1he
nexL momenL Lhe flre wenL off Lven ?agya was Lerrlfled and he Look Lhe aerlal rouLe
ln Lhe gulse of a deer Lord Shlva chased hlm ln Lhe appearance of kal (Lord of deaLh) wlLh a
bow and arrow named ashupaL
ln Lhe end kal (eplLheL of Shlva) was successful ln kllllng Lhe deer whlch was ?agya ln reallLy
AfLer hls deaLh ?agyas body was esLabllshed among Lhe sLars AfLer narraLlng Lhe Lale of
desLrucLlon of uakshas ?agya sage ulasLya Lhen goes on Lo Lell narada LhaL Lhe names of Lhe
zodlacs had been glven [usL accordlng Lo Lhelr appearances for eg Arles (Mesh) appeared llke a
ram Slmllarly 1aurus (vrlshabh) appeared llke an ox and so on
1ALLS Cl uLMCnS
AnuPAk 1PL uLMCn klnC
Sage narada was curlous Lo know how Lhe demon klng Andhak behaved wlLh Lhe delLles Pe
asked ulasLya ln Lhls regard ulasLya replled AfLer ascendlng Lhe Lhrone Andhak dld a severe
penance Lo please Lord Shlva and recelved a boon accordlng Lo whlch he could nelLher be kllled
by Lhe delLles nor by any morLal Pe also recelved anoLher boon accordlng Lo whlch even flre
could noL burn hlm
Andhak appolnLed Shukracharya as hls chlef prlesL Pe defeaLed Lhe delLles and had galned
conLrol over Lhe whole earLh Cnce Andhak had gone Lo see Lhe beauLlful slghL of Sumeru
MounLaln lndra afLer maklng adequaLe arrangemenLs for Lhe securlLy of hls caplLal AmravaLl
came forward Lo flghL hlm wlLh a huge army A flerce baLLle was foughL beLween boLh Lhe armles
1he whole aLmosphere was covered ln darkness due Lo Lhe dusL lL became dlfflculL for Lhe
warrlors of boLh Lhe sldes Lo dlsLlngulsh beLween frlend and an enemy 1he whole baLLlefleld was
sLrewn wlLh dead bodles and blood
lndra unleashed a volley of arrows Lowards Andhak ln reply Andhak Loo reLallaLed by
unleashlng a volley of arrows Lowards lndra ln Lhls duel boLh of Lhem goL ln[ured lnfurlaLed
lndra aLLacked hlm wlLh hls va[ra whlch desLroyed all of Andhaks weapons lndras va[ra Lhen chased
Andhak who [umped down from hls charloL Lo save hls llfe Andhak defended hlmself by
aLLacklng lL wlLh hls flsL As a resulL lL fell on Lhe ground lndra Lhen aLLacked Andhak by
unleashlng a volley of arrows ln hls dlrecLlon Andhak dodged Lhe assaulL and ran Lowards hlm
menaclngly Pe aLLacked AlravaL Lhe elephanL and mounL of lndra wlLh such force LhaL lL became
paralysed Seelng hls elephanL ln such a plLlable condlLlon lndra plcked up hls va[ra and ran
lnslde Lhe forL Lo save hlmself Andhak Lhen slnglehandedly desLroyed lndras whole army
?amara[ was flghLlng from Lhe delLles slde Pe aLLacked rahlada who was flghLlng from
Andhaks slde lL became lmposslble for ?amara[ Lo maLch rahladas valour and bravery As a
resulL he was forced Lo flee from Lhe baLLlefleld lnsplLe of havlng mlghLy warrlors llke varuna
and Agnl ln Lhelr ranks Lhe delLles could noL maLch Lhe valour of Lhe demons army whlch
comprlsed of vallanL and brave flghLers llke vlrochan Maya and Shambar ulLlmaLely Lhe
delLles were defeaLed ln Lhls baLLle 1he vlcLorlous demon klng Andhak reLurned Lo aLal loka
wlLh hls army
SukLSPlS CuL8lLS
Sukeshl was Lhe son of demon klng vldyuLkeshl Pe was a greaL devoLee of Lord Shlva 8elng
pleased by hls devoLlon Lord Shlva had blessed hlm wlLh lnvlnclblllLy and glfLed hlm a clLy
whlch was slLuaLed ln Lhe sky Sukeshl was a vlrLuous and [usL klng
Cnce he had gone lnLo Lhe Magadh foresL where he found numerous sages engrossed ln
medlLaLlon AfLer lnLroduclng hlmself Lo Lhe sages he expressed hls deslre Lo know abouL Lhe
paLh LhaL led Lo benedlcLlon Pe also wanLed Lo know how a man could achleve respecLablllLy and
conLenLmenL ln hls llfe 1he sages Lold hlm LhaL a man could achleve benedlcLlon only by
followlng Lhe paLh of uharma A rellglous man achleves boLh respecLablllLy and conLenLmenL
sald Lhe sages Sukeshl Lhen asked Lhem abouL Lhe characLerlsLlcs of uharma 1he sages revealed
Lo hlm LhaL Lhe delLles engage Lhemselves ln rellglous acLlvlLles llke ?agya selfsLudy sLudy of
vedas and worshlp of Lord vlshnu So all Lhese acLlvlLles are Lhe uharma of Lhe delLles 1he
uharma of Lhe demons conslsLs of negaLlve quallLles llke [ealousy eLc 8uL Lhey have profound
knowledge ln pollcy maLLers and have greaL devoLlon Lowards Shlva sald Lhe sages 1he
Slddhas uharma ls Lo engage hlmself ln acLlvlLles llke pracLlce of ?oga sLudy of vedas selfreallsaLlon
and devoLlon Lo boLh Lord vlshnu and Shlva sald Lhe sages ln Lhls way Lhe sages
enllghLened Sukeshl on Lhe uharma of dlfferenL secLlons of dlvlne enLlLles
AL lasL Sukeshl requesLed Lhe sages Lo Lell someLhlng abouL Lhe hell (narak) 1he sages replled
LhaL alLogeLher Lhere were 21 hells 1he name of Lhe flrsL hell ls 8aurav whlch covers Lhe area of
2000 ?o[ans 1he second hell Maharaurav ls Lwlce Lhe area of 8aurav Slmllarly Lhe names of
Lhe remalnlng hells are 1amlsLra AndhaLamlsLra kalchakra ApraLhlsLh ChaLlyanLra
AslpaL8avana 1apLakumbh kooLshalmall karpaLra Swabho[an Sandansh Lohaplnd
kalmaslkLa ksharnadl krlmlbho[an valLarnlnadl ShonlLpayabho[an kshuragradhar
nlshlLachakra and Sanshoshan
SlnluL uLLuSSukeshl asked Lhe sages abouL Lhe slnful deeds whlch leads Lo hell 1he sages replled
eople
who condemn veda delLles 8rahmlns eLc go Lo hell 1hose who donL belleve ln rellglous LexLs
llke urana eLc or Lhose who cause obsLacles ln Lhe accompllshmenL of ?agya or Lhose who
prevenL a charlLable man from glvlng donaLlon also go Lo hell
eople who LormenL oLhers who sLeal sandals eLc go Lo Lhe hell named kalmslkLa ulsobedlenL
chlldren who donL obey Lhelr parenLs and elders go Lo Lhe hell named ApraLhlsLh eople who
Louch Lhelr elders wlLh Lhelr feeL go Lo 8aurav narak A selflsh person who nourlshes hlmself
durlng droughL wlLhouL carlng abouL hls relaLlves go Lo Lhe hell named Swabho[an A person who
does noL proLecL people who have Laken hls refuge goes Lo Lhe hell named ?anLrapeed A man
who mlsapproprlaLes Lhe deposlLed money of oLher people goes Lo vrlshchlkashan narak 1he
slnners who copulaLe on ausplclous days or who have llllclL relaLlons wlLh oLher women go Lo Lhe
hell named Shalmall
1hls way Lhe sages Lold Sukeshl abouL varlous Lypes of slnful deeds whlch led slnners Lo
dlfferenL hells
!AM8uuWLL Anu 8PA8A1AvA8SP
Sukeshl expressed hls deslre Lo Lhe sages Lo know abouL !ambudweep 1he sages replled
!ambudweep ls a very large lsland lL ls subdlvlded lnLo nlne parLs llavrlLvarsh ls slLuaLed ln lLs
cenLral parL whlle 8hadrashvavarsh ls slLuaLed Lowards lLs easLern slde Some promlnenL places
slLuaLed around lL are Plranyakvarsh Lowards norLheasL klnnarvarsh Lowards souLheasL
8haraLavarsh Lowards souLh Parlvarsh Lowards souLhwesL keLumalvarsh Lowards wesL
8amyakvarsh Lowards norLhwesL and kuruvarsh Lowards norLh All Lhese nlne varshas are full
of naLural beauLy 1he lnhablLanLs of all Lhe elghL varshas excepL lndla are never Lroubled by old
age or deaLh 1he lnhablLanLs are also rellglous and vlrLuous by naLure 1hey aLLaln greaL
accompllshmenL wlLhouL maklng any real efforL
8haraLavarsh has nlne sublslands All Lhese lslands are surrounded by oceans on all sldes and lL
ls dlfflculL Lo go from one lsland Lo anoLher 1hese sublslands are lndradweep kaseruman
1amravarna CabhasLlman nagdweep karaha Slnhal varun and kumar klraL llve Lowards
easL of 8haraLavarsh whlle ?avan llve Lowards Lhe wesL eople llvlng Lowards Lhe souLh of
8haraLavarsh are called Andhra and Lhose llvlng Lowards Lhe norLh are called 1uruyak
8haraLavarsh ls malnly lnhablLed by people belonglng Lo all Lhe ma[or four casLes le 8rahmln
kshaLrlya valshya and Shudra 1he seven promlnenL mounLalns slLuaLed wlLhln 8haraLavarsh are
Mahendra Malay Sahya ShukLl Manrlksh vlndhya and arlyaLra Lhough Lhere are many more
mounLalns
1he followlng rlvers orlglnaLe from Plmalaya MounLaln SaraswaLl ?amuna PlranvaLl SuLle[
Chandrlka neela vlLasLa AlravaLl kuhu uevlka ushlra uhaLakl 8asa ComLl Candkl
kaushlkl Sarayu eLc Slmllarly many rlvers orlglnaLe from Lhe oLher mounLalns
uASPAnC uPA8MA1he sages say uharma conslsLs of Len properLles such as nonvlolence LruLh
charlLy noL
sLeallng Lhe properLy of oLhers forglveness selfresLralnL cleanllness eLc Pence lL ls known as
uashang uharma 1hese properLles are obllgaLory for people belonglng Lo all casLes and creeds
A 8rahmlns llfe ls caLegorlsed lnLo four ashramas 8rahmacharya CrlhasLha vanprasLha and
Sanyas A 8rahmacharl ls supposed Lo acqulre knowledge by llvlng a cellbaLe llfe AfLer
compleLlng hls sLudles Lhe 8rahmacharl graduaLes Lo Lhe llfe of a householder Pe geLs marrled
and performs hls duLles Lowards hls famlly AfLer Lhls he enLers lnLo vanprasLha ashrama where
he ls requlred Lo go Lo Lhe foresL afLer abandonlng worldly pleasures AL lasL he accepLs Sanyas
whlch ls LoLal renunclaLlon Pe ls supposed Lo pass Lhe resL of hls llfe dolng medlLaLlon and
penance
1PL 8lSL Anu lALL Cl SukLSPlS klnCuCM
ulasLya says AfLer belng enllghLened by Lhe sages on varlous sub[ecLs Sukeshl reLurned Lo hls
caplLal Pe LaughL Lhe demons all LhaL he had learnL As a resulL all Lhe demons became very
vlrLuous 1he newly aLLalned vlrLuoslLy and rellglousness made Lhe demons lnvlnclble and
powerful Sukeshls caplLal was slLuaLed ln Lhe sky 1he whole clLy lllumlned brlghLly due Lo
vlrLuoslLy aLLalned by Lhe demons lLs lllumlnaLlon even subdued Lhe radlance of Surya (Sun)
now lL became very dlfflculL Lo deLermlne when Lhe Sun rose
1he delLy Surya became worrled aL Lhls developmenL Pe sLarLed ponderlng on how Lhe demons
became so powerful and conLemplaLed over Lhe means Lo desLroy Lhe demons Whlle Surya was
medlLaLlng Lhe facL regardlng Lhe demons power dawned on hlm Surya became furlous and
angrlly glanced aL Sukeshl 1he clLy sLarLed falllng Lowards earLh Sukeshl became worrled and
sLarLed praylng Lo Lord Shlva Seelng hls devoLee Sukeshl ln Lrouble Lord Shlva looked angrlly
aL Surya as a resulL of whlch he Loo sLarLed falllng Lowards Lhe earLh When Lhe sages and hermlLs
saw Surya falllng down Lhey advlsed hlm Lo Lake refuge ln Lord vlshnu Surya curlously asked
as Lo how could he Lake vlshnus refuge as he had been punlshed by Lord Shlva 1he sages Lhen
advlsed hlm Lo dlrecL hls descenL Lo varanasl Surya accepLed Lhelr advlce and landed aL varanasl
beLween Lwo rlvers varuna and Asl Pe was feellng resLless because of severe heaL and so he
declded Lo Lake a baLh ln Lhe Asl 8lver AfLer Laklng hls baLh he sLarLed revolvlng around boLh
Lhe rlvers ln Lhe meanLlme all Lhe sages demons Apsaras wenL Lo 8rahma loka and requesLed
Lord 8rahma Lo reesLabllsh Surya ln hls orlglnal abode Lord 8rahma accompanled by all Lhe
delLles wenL Lo Lord Shlva and requesLed hlm Lo forglve Surya Shlva was pleased aL Lhelr
humbleness and forgave Surya and reesLabllshed hlm on hls charloL Pe also gave a new name
Lo Surya Lolark AL lasL Surya was reesLabllshed ln Lhe sky
1ALLS Cl nA8nA8A?An
MAnllLS1A1lCn Cl nA8nA8A?An
Sage ulasLya says uharma Lhe possessor of dlvlne body and who manlfesLed from Lhe hearL of
Lord 8rahma marrled MurLl Lhe daughLer of uaksha lour sons were born Lo Lhem Parl
krlshna nara and narayan Parl and krlshna engaged Lhemselves ln Lhe pracLlce of ?oga whlle nar and
narayan wenL Lo Lhe Plmalaya MounLaln and sLarLed dolng penance for Lhe welfare of
humans
lndra became frlghLened by Lhelr arduous penance Pe feared LhaL he mlghL lose hls auLhorlLy and
power Pe senL beauLlful Apsaras Lo dlsLurb Lhelr penance Pe hlmself wenL Lo LhaL slLe
accompanled by kamadev and vasanL (sprlng)
8APLAuA MLL1S nA8nA8A?An
Cnce narayan saw all Lhree of Lhem comlng and he LreaLed all of Lhem wlLh respecL As he was
aware of Lhe reasons for Lhelr arrlval he declded Lo glve Lhem a surprlse Pe made Lhe flgure of a
beauLlful woman on hls Lhlgh wlLh a flower 1he nexL momenL Lhe flgure Lransformed lnLo a llve
woman whlch surprlsed all of Lhem
lor kamadev Lhe beauLlful woman resembled hls wlfe 8aLl Pe became so lnfaLuaLed by her
beauLy LhaL he forgoL abouL Lhe acLual purpose of hls vlslL 1he same Lhlng happened Lo vasanL
and all Lhe Apsaras Lverybody who had come wlLh Lhe deslre of vlcLory had acLually become a
vlcLlm
Seelng all of Lhem surprlsed and amazed narayan Lold Lhem LhaL Lhe beauLlful woman was
creaLed by hlm from hls Lhlgh Pe also lnsLrucLed Lhem Lo Lake away LhaL beauLlful woman Lo
heaven kamadev and vasanL were capLlvaLed by narayans power 1hey also became Lerrlfled
1hey wenL back Lo heaven accompanled by urvashl and narraLed Lhe whole sLory Lo lndra Lven
lndra was amazed ln a shorL Llme Lhe amazlng deeds of narayan spread ln all Lhe dlrecLlons and
Lhe varlous lokas
Cnce rahlada Lhe son of demon klng Plranyakashlpu asked sage Chyavan abouL Lhe mosL
revered and sacred place of pllgrlmage ln Lhe whole world Sage Chyavan Lold hlm abouL
nalmlsharanya Lhe mosL sacred place of pllgrlmage on Lhe earLh rahlada vlslLed
nalmlsharanya accompanled by many oLher demons AfLer reachlng Lhere all of Lhem Look baLh
ln a rlver Whlle roamlng abouL ln Lhe clLy rahlada saw Lhe Lrunk of a Lree plerced wlLh
numerous arrows noL far from Lhe Lree he saw Lwo hermlLs dolng penance 1wo dlvlne bows
and a palr of qulver were lylng by Lhe slde
rahlada was amazed as Lo why Lhe hermlLs would requlre weapons Pe revealed hls LhoughLs Lo
Lhe hermlLs 8oLh Lhe hermlLs replled LhaL a person who works accordlng Lo hls capablllLles earns
respecL rahlada became angry aL Lhelr reply Pe asked Lhem as Lo whaL were Lhelr capablllLles
AcLually Lhe hermlLs were none oLher Lhan nar and narayan 8oLh of Lhem Lold rahlada LhaL
Lhey were lnvlnclble and nobody could defeaL Lhem ln baLLle rahladas anger crossed all llmlLs
A Lremendous baLLle ensued beLween rahlada and narnarayan
8APLAuA 8LLSSLu 8? nA8nA8A?An
A feroclous baLLle was foughL beLween rahlada and narnarayan ln whlch all Lypes of leLhal
weapons were used 1he baLLle conLlnued for 1000 dlvlne years ulLlmaLely rahlada was defeaLed ln
Lhls baLLle Pe wenL Lo valkunLh and asked Lord vlshnu as Lo why narnarayan was
lnvlnclble Lord vlshnu revealed Lo Lhem LhaL narayan was hls own lncarnaLlon Pe also Lold
Lhem LhaL narayan could be won only by devoLlon and noL by power
rahlada declded Lo rellnqulsh hls Lhrone and appolnLed Andhak as hls successor Pe wenL Lo
8adrlkashrama and made saluLaLlons Lo narayan ln reverence narayan was surprlsed aL Lhe
sudden change ln hls behavlour Pe asked rahlada as Lo whaL Lhe maLLer was rahlada Lhen
sald Who can defeaL you? ?ou are none oLher Lhan Lord !anardan ?ou are Lhe one who has
Laken lncarnaLlon of Prlshlkesh Chakrapanl and Payagreev
narayan was pleased by hls devoLlon Pe Lold narayan LhaL Lhough he was noL able Lo defeaL hlm
ln Lhe baLLle buL he was successful ln dolng so by hls devoLlon narayan also blessed rahlada
rahlada Lhen reLurned Lo hls caplLal Andhak expressed hls deslre Lo make rahlada Lhe klng
once agaln buL lL was Lurned down by hlm rahlada spenL Lhe resL of hls llfe preachlng on Lhe
vlrLues of rellglousness and LruLhfulness
MAnllLS1A1lCn Cl vLCL1A1lCn l8CM 1PL
uLl1lLS
ulasLya says LoLus flower manlfesLed from vlshnus navel ln Lhe monLh of Ashwln Slmllarly
oLher vegeLaLlon also manlfesLed from Lhe dlfferenL organs of Lhe delLles kadamb Lree from Lhe
palm of kamadev uhaLura Lree from Lhe hearL of Lord Shlva khalr Lree from Lhe mlddle porLlon
of 8rahmas body kaLalya Lree from vlshwakarmas body kundalaLa manlfesLed from arvaLls
palm Slnduar Lree from Caneshas belly alash Lree and Cular Lree from Lhe rlghL and lefL
armplLs of ?amara[ Slmllarly SarpaL manlfesLed from Lhe body of Sheshnag black and whlLe
uurva grass from Lhe Lall and back of vasukl nag Parlchandan Lree manlfesLed from Lhe hearL of
a devoLee
MAPlSPASu8A
uurlng anclenL Llmes Lhere llved Lwo demons 8ambh and karambh who would LormenL people
As boLh were sonless Lhey declded Lo do severe penance by keeplng Lhelr bodles submerged ln
anchmad 8lver wlLh a deslre of havlng sons lndra becomlng fearful Look Lhe gulse of a
crocodlle and kllled karambh whlle he was dolng penance ln Lhe rlver
8ambh became so de[ecLed by hls broLhers deaLh LhaL he declded Lo glve up hls llfe by severlng
hls head and offerlng lL ln Lhe sacrlflclal flre As he was abouL Lo Lurn hls LhoughLs lnLo reallLy
Agnl appeared before hlm and prevenLed hlm from dolng so and sald kllllng oneself ls a grave
sln uonL glve up your llfe l am wllllng Lo fulfll any of your wlsh
8ambh was pleased and requesLed Agnl Lo bless hlm wlLh a mlghLy and powerful son Agnl
blessed hlm by saylng ?ou wlll begeL a son from a woman of your own cholce 8uL desLlny had
someLhlng else ln sLore for hlm Cnce 8ambh had gone Lo see ?aksha klng MalvaL Pe was lmpressed by
MalvaLs prosperlLy
and unllmlLed wealLh klng MalvaL possessed loL of anlmal wealLh llke goaLs lambs oxen
elephanL horses cows eLc 8amabh saw a beauLlful buffalo ln Lhe cowshed Pe sLarLed caresslng
her body [usL Lo appreclaLe her beauLy 1he buffalo goL aroused and forced 8ambh Lo copulaLe
wlLh her and Lhls resulLed ln Lhe buffalos pregnancy
8ambh reLurned Lo aLal loka accompanled by Lhe buffalo 8uL Lhe oLher demons came Lo know
abouL Lhls unusual lncldenL and as a resulL 8ambh was excommunlcaLed from Lhe demons Lrlbe
8oLh of Lhem declded Lo reLurn Lo ?aksha klng MalvaLs palace ln due course of Llme Lhe
buffalo gave blrLh Lo a beauLlful calf whlch could change lLs appearance accordlng Lo lLs wlshes
Cnce seelng Lhe buffalo alone a bull Lrled Lo breach her modesLy 1he buffalo ran Lowards
8ambh for her safeLy 8amabh aLLacked Lhe bull wlLh a sword and ln[ured lL ln reLallaLlon Lhe
bull also dashed lLs horns agalnsL 8ambhs chesL whlch proved Lo be faLal Seelng Lhe dead
8ambh Lhe buffalo became engulfed ln sorrow She had no oLher opLlon buL Lo Lake refuge of Lhe
?akshas who proLecLed her llfe ln Lhe meanLlme Lhe serlously ln[ured bull fell lnLo a dlvlne lake
and dled Amazlngly lLs body Lransformed lnLo a demon
1he ?akshas declded Lo cremaLe 8ambhs body 1he buffalo Loo declded Lo embrace deaLh by
[umplng lnLo Lhe burnlng pyre 8uL as soon as Lhe pyre was llL a feroclous demon emerged from
lL wlLh a sword Pe drove away all Lhe ?akshas and kllled Lhe buffalo buL spared her calf 1hls
feroclous demon laLer on became famous as 8akLabee[ Pe had defeaLed all Lhe delLles lncludlng
lndra 8udra Surya and MaruL 8uL Lhe calf whlch became famous as Mahlshasura was even
mlghLler Lhan 8akLabee[ All Lhe defeaLed demons had accepLed hlm as Lhelr leader and he was
crowned as Lhelr klng Mahlshasura defeaLed all Lhe delLles and drove Lhem ouL from heaven
1he defeaLed delLles accompanled by 8rahma wenL Lo Lord vlshnu and narraLed Lhelr woes Lo
hlm Lord Shlva Loo was presenL Lhere 8oLh of Lhem became furlous afLer hearlng Lhe aLroclLles
commlLLed by Mahlshasura ulvlne effulgence appeared from Lhe mouLh of all Lhe angry delLles
1hese effulgence goL collecLed aL a place resulLlng ln Lhe manlfesLaLlon of Coddess kaLyayanl
All Lhe delLles presenLed Lhelr weapons Lo her Lord Shlva gave hls LrldenL Lord vlshnu gave hls
chakra Agnl gave hls ShakLl eLc AfLer acqulrlng all Lhe weapons Coddess uurga Lhundered
loudly 1he delLles euloglsed her afLer whlch she proceeded Lowards vlndhya MounLaln mounLed
on her llon vlndhya MounLaln had been cursed by sage AgasLya as a resulL of whlch lLs
enormous slze Lurned lnLo a hlll 1he Lale behlnd Lhls curse ls as follows ln Lhe anclenL Llmes
vlndhya MounLaln was so hlgh LhaL lL became very dlfflculL for Lhe Sun Lo make lLs movemenL
1he Sun wenL Lo sage AgasLya and requesLed hlm Lo mlnlmlse Lhe slze of vlndhya MounLaln
Sage AgasLya wenL near Lhe vlndhya MounLaln and sald l am golng on a pllgrlmage buL you
are comlng ln my way Slnce l am an old man lL ls lmposslble for me Lo cllmb your sLeep slopes
l requesL you Lo reduce your slze and remaln ln Lhe same poslLlon Llll l reLurn from my pllgrlmage
oLherwlse you wlll have Lo face my wraLh
vlndhya MounLaln accepLed hls requesL and Lurned lnLo a hlll Sage AgasLya Lhen proceeded on
hls pllgrlmage Lowards souLh buL dld noL reLurn accordlng Lo hls promlse Pe consLrucLed a
magnlflcenL hermlLage and asked Lopamudra Lhe daughLer of vldarbha klng Lo sLay Lhere and hlmself
reLurned Lo hls hermlLage vlndhya MounLaln remalned ln LhaL poslLlon walLlng for sage
AgasLyas arrlval 1hls way sage AgasLya solved Lhe problem of Lhe Sun
Coddess uurga chose Lhls very mounLaln Lo launch her assaulL All Lhe delLles Slddhas nagas
Apsaras eLc were presenL wlLh her
1PL uLMCnS CPAnu Anu Munu
Cnce Lhe demon broLhers Chand and Mund were passlng near Lhe vlndhya MounLaln when Lhey
saw Coddess Chandlka Lhere 8oLh Lhese demons were sLunned by her dlvlne beauLy 1hey had
never seen such a beauLlful woman ln Lhelr llfe 1hey wenL Lo Mahlshasura and Lold hlm abouL
her beauLy
Mahlshasura proceeded wlLh a huge army whlch comprlsed of vallanL commanders llke
vldalneLra vlshang vayakal Agrayudh Chlkshur 8akLabee[ eLc 1he army assembled aL Lhe
fooLhllls of vlndhya MounLaln 1here Mahlshasura lnsLrucLed uundubhl Lo go and brlng
Coddess uurga by any means
uundubhl wenL Lo Coddess uurga and boasLed abouL Mahlshasuras mlghL and power by saylng
1he mlghLy Mahlshasura has defeaLed all Lhe delLles who ran ouL from heaven Lo save Lhelr
llves Pe ls lord of all Lhe Lhree worlds and ls lnvlnclble buL Lhls vlcLorlous and mlghLy klng has
been enslaved by your beauLy ?ou musL noL mlss Lhls chance of marrylng hlm
Coddess uurga replled l am aware of Mahlshasuras feaLs l am mosL wllllng Lo marry hlm 8uL
Lhere ls one problem 1here ls a LradlLlon ln our clan accordlng Lo whlch an asplrlng husband ls
requlred Lo glve a Shulk (Lax) ln lleu of geLLlng marrled uundubhl was happy Lhlnklng LhaL lL
would noL be dlfflculL for Mahlshasura Lo fulfll her demand Pe sald Mahlshasura can even
glve up hls llfe for your sake
Pearlng Lhls Coddess uurga laughed loudly and sald C demon! Accordlng Lo Lhe LradlLlon of
our clan only such a person can marry a woman who defeaLs her ln Lhe baLLle uundubhl wenL
back Lo Mahlshasura and narraLed Lhe whole sLory Mahlshasura lnsLrucLed Chlkshur Lo go and
brlng Coddess uurga afLer enslavlng her Chlkshur proceeded wlLh a huge army Seelng hlm
comlng ln Lhe dlrecLlon of Coddess uurga Lord 8rahma lnsLrucLed her Lo use an armour Lo
proLecL herself 1he Coddess refused by saylng no demon can sLand before me ln a baLLle All
Lhe delLles Lhen chanLed vlshnupan[ar SLoLra for her safeLy roLecLed by Lhe SLoLra she was
successful ln kllllng many demons Seelng hls devasLaLed army Mahlshasura hlmself came Lo
flghL her
klLLlnC Cl MAPlSPASu8A
narada asked sage ulasLya as Lo how Coddess uurga klll Mahlshasura Sage ulasLya replled
AfLer Lhe kllllng of Chlkshur Mahlshasura senL namar Lo flghL Coddess uurga namar
proceeded Lowards Lhe vlndhya MounLaln accompanled by a huge baLLallon AfLer reachlng
Lhere he shoL a volley of arrows Lowards Lhe vlndhya MounLaln As a resulL Lhe whole mounLaln was
covered by lnnumerable arrows 1hls deflanL acL of namar made Coddess uurga exLremely
furlous She aLLacked her enemles menaclngly She kllled some of Lhe demons by her sword
some wlLh her mace and many more were kllled by her arrows Lven her mounL Slmha kllled
many demons 1he demons were compleLely surprlsed by Lhe feroclousness of Lhe aLLack and fled
from Lhe baLLlefleld
Seelng hls whole army fleelng from Lhe baLLlefleld namar came forward mounLed on an
elephanL Lo flghL Coddess uurga Pe unleashed hls devasLaLlng weapon ShakLl Lowards her AL
Lhe same Llme he also aLLacked her mounL Slmha (llon) by releaslng many arrows Lowards lL 8uL
Coddess uurga desLroyed all Lhe weapons ln Lhe meanLlme Lhe elephanL held Lhe Slmha wlLh lLs
Lrunk buL Lhe Coddesss mounL somehow released lLself from Lhe Lrap and aLLacked namar namar
fell from Lhe elephanL and dled
AfLer namars deaLh Chlkshur came Lo flghL Lhe Coddess buL boLh hls hands and legs were
severed by her ulLlmaLely Coddess uurga severed hls head as a resulL of whlch Chlkshur dled
1he news of Chlkshurs deaLh spread llke a wlldflre Many more vallanL commanders of
Mahlshasuras army came forward Lo flghL her buL all of Lhem were vanqulshed
AL lasL Mahlshasura came forward Lo flghL Coddess uurga ln Lhe gulse of a buffalo Coddess
uurga sLarLed playlng her damru (small drum) and veena whlch resulLed lnLo Lhe emergence of
numerous ghosLs Pe aLLacked Lhe ghosLs wlLh hls horns four legs and by vlolenLly lashlng hls
Lall Pe Lhen aLLacked uurgas mounL Slmha and hls vlolenL movemenLs shook even Lhe earLh and
Lhe mounLaln Coddess uurga grabbed hls neck wlLh Lhe help of a noose 1he nexL momenL
Mahlshasura Lransformed hls appearance lnLo an elephanL Coddess uurga Lhen severed hls Lrunk
Mahlshasura agaln changed hls gulse lnLo a buffalo Coddess uurga aLLacked hlm by unleashlng
varlous weapons buL Lhe demon escaped unhurL
Coddess uurga suddenly [umped down from her mounL Slmha and cllmbed upon Mahlshasura
who was ln Lhe gulse of a buffalo Mahlshasura sLarLed [umplng vlolenLly Coddess uurga
pressed Mahlshasuras back wlLh such force LhaL he suffocaLed She Lhen severed hls head
Suddenly Mahlshasura appeared ln human form wlLh a sword Coddess uurga klcked hlm on hls
chesL and agaln severed hls head 1he news of hls deaLh creaLed havoc ln hls army and Lhe
demons fled from Lhe baLLlefleld and hld Lhemselves ln aLal loka
1he delLles became pleased aL Mahlshasuras deaLh and euloglsed Coddess uurga She became
pleased and afLer assurlng Lhe delLles of Laklng relncarnaLlon for Lhelr welfare dlsappeared from
Lhe scene
8LlnCA8nA1lCn Cl CCuuLSS uu8CA
8eveallng Lhe reasons for Coddess uurgas relncarnaLlon sage ulasLya says Coddess uurga
ls also known as kaushlkl as she had manlfesLed from Lhe cell (koshlka) of umas (arvaLls)
body AfLer Lhe manlfesLaLlon she wenL Lo vlndhya MounLaln wlLh Lhe ob[ecLlve of kllllng Lhe
demons Shumbh and nlshumbh She was accompanled by numerous 8hooL ganas (splrlLs) AfLer SaLls
deaLh 8udra engaged hlmself ln penance and became a cellbaLe Pe had even
rellnqulshed hls responslblllLy of leadlng Lhe delLles army When Mahlshasura came Lo know
LhaL Lhe delLles were berefL of Lhelr commander he aLLacked Lhem as a resulL of whlch Lhe delLles
were defeaLed 1he delLles wenL Lo Lord vlshnu who was aL LhaL Llme llvlng aL ShweLdweep
When Lhey reached Lhere Lhey were surprlsed Lo flnd LhaL Lord vlshnu was aware of Lhelr defeaL
Lord vlshnu Lhen advlsed Lhem by saylng All of you musL go Lo Mena ManaspuLrl of
AgnlshwaL and requesL her Lo glve consenL Lo marry Plmalaya 1he same Mena would glve blrLh
Lo a beauLlful glrl who ln reallLy would be Lhe relncarnaLlon of SaLl All of you musL go Lo
kuruksheLra and euloglse her on Lhe nlghL of Amavasya
1he delLles were curlous Lo know abouL Lhe orlgln of kuruksheLra Lord vlshnu Lold Lhem
uurlng Lhe lnlLlal phase of SaLya ?uga Lhere was a mlghLy klng named 8lksh who was Lhe
descendanL of Soma Samvaran was Lhe son of 8lksh Pe succeeded hls faLher aL a young age
Samvaran was a greaL devoLee of mlne vashlshLha Lhe son of varuna was hls chlef prlesL and
had LaughL hlm all Lhe vedas Cne day Samvaran wenL Lo Lhe foresL for hunLlng afLer enLrusLlng
hls responslblllLles Lo vashlshLha AfLer reachlng Lhe foresL he sLarLed wanderlng ln search of hls
game Pe saw a beauLlful lake full of numerous loLus flowers Pe also saw many Apsaras and
oLher dlvlne beauLles en[oylng Lhemselves by slnglng and danclng Samvaran was lnfaLuaLed by
Lhe dlvlne beauLy of one of Lhose Apsaras 1apLl who was Lhe mosL beauLlful among Lhem
ColncldenLally 1apLl Loo saw Samvaran sLarlng aL her She was so lnfaLuaLed by Samvarans
handsomeness LhaL she fell unconsclous She was carrled by her companlons back home
AfLer reLurnlng Lo hls caplLal vashlshLha was surprlsed Lo flnd change ln Samvarans behavlour
lL seemed as lf hls mlnd was preoccupled by someLhlng 8y hls ?oglc power vashlshLha came
Lo know abouL Lhe whole lncldenL Pe declded Lo Lake Lhe help of 1apLls faLher Surya Pe wenL
Lo Surya and requesLed hlm Lo marry 1apLl wlLh Samvaran Surya dld noL wanL Lo annoy hls
esLeemed guesL so he gave hls consenL vashlshLha Lhen reLurned Lo hls hermlLage accompanled
by 1apLl and ulLlmaLely 1apLl and Samvaran goL marrled
1PL 1ALLS Cl klnC ku8u Anu ku8ukSPL18A
ln course of Llme 1apLl gave blrLh Lo a son who possessed all Lhe slgns of royalLy AfLer growlng
up he masLered all Lhe four vedas and oLher scrlpLures wlLhln a very shorL perlod AL Lhe raw age
of 24 he became a scholar When he aLLalned marrlageable age he was marrled Lo SaudamlnlLhe
daughLer of Sudama LaLer on he was appolnLed as Lhe successor by hls faLher Samvaran
AfLer becomlng Lhe klng kuru ruled hls sub[ecLs ln a [usL manner buL very soon he goL bored of
hls monoLonous llfe Pe knew LhaL only Lhose klngs became lmmorLal who accompllshed
amazlng feaLs Pe declded Lo do someLhlng for whlch people would remember hlm WlLh Lhe
ob[ecLlve of maklng hls name lmmorLal he wenL Lo Lhe mosL sacred place called SamanLpanchak
and declded Lo culLlvaLe Lhe elghL vlrLues 1apa SaLya kshama uaya Shauch uan ?uga and
8rahmacharya on lLs barren land Pe sLarLed ploughlng a plece of land wlLh a golden plough
whlch was pulled by Lord Shankars bull and ?amara[s buffalo named aundrak
Whlle he was busy ploughlng Lhe fleld lndra approached hlm and asked susplclously as Lo whaL
he was Lrylng Lo culLlvaLe When kuru revealed hls lnLenLlons lndra made fun of hlm and wenL back 8uL
kuru was noL worrled and conLlnued Lo culLlvaLe Lhe land ln a very shorL Llme he had
already culLlvaLed Lhe land measurlng 7 kosas Cne day Lord vlshnu arrlved and asked Lhe same
quesLlon whlch lndra had asked When kuru revealed hls lnLenLlons Lord vlshnu was surprlsed
and wondered as Lo from where he would geL Lhe seeds Lo grow Lhese Lhlngs kuru Lold hlm LhaL
all Lhese elghL vlrLues were presenL ln hls own body and lL would noL be a dlfflculL Lask Lo
culLlvaLe Lhese Lhlngs Lord vlshnu wanLed Lo LesL hls commlLmenL and slncerlLy and sald Clve
Lhe seeds Lo me l would sow Lhe seeds whlle you should plough Lhe fleld
kuru ouLsLreLched hls rlghL hand buL Lord vlshnu cuL lL lnLo Lhousands of pleces wlLh hls chakra
All Lhe pleces were dlsLrlbuLed among Lhe delLles buL kuru was unfazed and agaln sLreLched hls
lefL hand Lowards Lord vlshnu 8uL hls lefL hand Loo meL Lhe same faLe ln Lhls way Lhe mosL
generous and benevolenL klng kuru offered all hls organs Lo Lord vlshnu 8uL all Lhe organs
were severed by Lord vlshnu AL lasL kuru offered hls head as he had noLhlng else Lo offer Lord
vlshnu was pleased by hls generoslLy and asked hlm Lo demand anyLhlng kuru replled All Lhe
area culLlvaLed by me should become famous as a sacred pllgrlmage All Lhe devoLees who vlslL
or dle aL Lhls sacred pllgrlmage musL aLLaln salvaLlon 1hls place should be known by my name
1hls ls how Lhe mosL sacred place of pllgrlmage kuruksheLra came lnLo exlsLence
8ALl 1PL uLMCn klnC
Lomaharshan Lold Lhe sages 8all was Lhe descendanL of vlrochan and Lhe son of
Plranyakashlpu AfLer hls faLhers deaLh he defeaLed Lhe delLles and drove Lhem ouL from Lhelr
abodes very soon all Lhe Lhree worlds were under hls conLrol Pe was a vlrLuous klng and so
were hls sub[ecLs uurlng hls relgn every corner ln hls klngdom would be abuzz wlLh rellglous
acLlvlLles As a resulL Lhe whole world became devold of sln
Cne day Coddess Lakshml arrlved and sald C brave klng of Lhe demons! l am pleased by your
vallance wlLh whlch you foughL and vanqulshed Lhe delLles 1hls ls Lhe reason why l have come
on my own wlll Lo bless you AfLer saylng Lhls Coddess Lakshml merged wlLh hls body 1hls
way 8all acqulred all Lhe splendours of Lhe world
1he sages asked Pow were Lhe delLles able Lo defeaL 8all and why dld Lord vlshnu Lake Lhe
lncarnaLlon of vamana? Lomaharshan replled AfLer belng defeaLed by 8all lndra wenL Lo
Meru MounLaln where hls moLher AdlLl llved and narraLed Lhe woeful Lale of Lhe delLles defeaL
AdlLl Look her husbands (kashyapas) advlce ln Lhls regard kashyapa LhoughL LhaL only Lord
8rahma could solve Lhelr problem So he wenL Lo 8rahma loka accompanled by Lhe delLles
When Lhey reached Lhere Lhey found numerous 8rahmlns engaged ln rellglous acLlvlLles Lord
8rahma Loo was slLLlng among Lhem Sage kashyapa and all Lhe delLles made saluLaLlons Lo Lord
8rahma and sLood sllenLly
uLl1lLS uC LnAnCL Anu LC8u nA8A?An
8LLSSLS kAS?ALord 8rahma Lold Lhe delLles LhaL he was aware of Lhelr pllghL Pe was of Lhe oplnlon
LhaL Lhe
mlghLy 8all could be defeaLed only by Lhe AlmlghLy hlmself and nobody else Lord 8rahma sald
?ou musL go Lo a place called AmrlL whlch ls slLuaLed Lowards Lhe norLh of ksheersagar 1he
AlmlghLy Cod ls engaged ln an ausLere penance aL LhaL place All of you musL go Lhere and Lry Lo
please hlm by dolng penance and afLer he ls pleased [usL requesL hlm Lo Lake hls nexL lncarnaLlon
as AdlLls son
Sage kashyapa and all Lhe delLles agreed Lo follow 8rahmas advlce All of Lhem proceeded
Lowards ShweLdweep When Lhey reached Lhere Lhey were amazed Lo flnd Lhe place devold of
any creaLure lLs boundary seemed llmlLless and even Lhe Suns rays could noL reach lL Sage
kashyapa lnlLlaLed all Lhe delLles lnLo Lhe ausLerlLy named kamad fulflller of all Lhe deslres
AfLer LhaL all of Lhem commenced Lhelr severe penance
Lord narayan became pleased by kashyapas eulogles and ausLere penance Pe appeared before
Lhe delLles and asked Lhem Lo demand anyLhlng Lhey wlshed for kashyapa requesLed hlm Lo glve
AdlLl Lhe prlvllege of becomlng hls moLher Lord vlshnu agreed Lo Lake blrLh as AdlLls son
1he delLles became pleased and all of Lhem proceeded back Lowards kashyapas hermlLage
When Lhey reached kuruksheLra Lhe place where kashyapa had hls hermlLage Lhey lnsplred
AdlLl Lo commence her penance Lo please Lord vlshnu AdlLl dld a severe penance for 10000
years 1he place where she dld her penance laLer on became famous as AdlLlvan Lord vlshnu
was exLremely pleased by her devoLlon
Lomaharshan says Lord vlshnu appeared and Lold her LhaL he was mosL wllllng Lo fulfll her
wlsh AdlLl requesLed hlm Lo make her son lndra Lhe lord of all Lhe Lhree worlds once agaln
Lord vlshnu assured her LhaL he would Lake blrLh as her son and klll all Lhe demons
AdlLl had apprehenslons as Lo how she could bear Lhe welghL of AlmlghLy Cod ln her womb 8uL
Lord vlshnu assured her by saylng uonL worry l wlll glve you Lhe sLrengLh Lo do LhaL ln
course of Llme AdlLl became pregnanL 8uL soon afLer her pregnancy Lhe earLh shook vlolenLly
because of Lhe unbearable welghL of Lhe foeLus Wherever she wenL LhaL parLlcular porLlon of
earLh LllLed down because of Lhe enormous welghL Per pregnancy had slgnlflcanLly eroded Lhe
radlance of Lhe demons
8ALlS CuL8lLS 1C 8APLAuA
Lomaharshan says When 8all saw Lhe demons becomlng devold of radlance and power he
enqulred abouL Lhe reasons from hls grandfaLher rahlada Pe wondered wheLher lL was a bad
omen rahlada wenL lnLo a deep Lrance and saw Lhe whole earLh shaklng vlolenLly Pe also saw
hlgh Lldes rlslng ln Lhe ocean Pe was convlnced LhaL Lhese slgns wenL Lo prove Lhe lnevlLable
emergence of Lhe delLles power rahlada Lhen medlLaLed upon Lord vlshnu and found hlm
manlfesLlng ln AdlLls womb as a vamana (dwarf) Pe also saw Lhe whole unlverse exlsLlng ln hls
body rahlada was surprlsed buL Lhe nexL momenL he conLrolled hlmself and Lold 8all now l
know Lhe reason why Lhe demons have become devold of Lhelr radlance and power Lord Parl ls
abouL Lo Lake lncarnaLlon as Lhe son of AdlLl and Lhls ls Lhe reason why all Lhe demons have
become powerless 8all curlously asked rahlada Who ls Lhls Parl Lhe LormenLor of Lhe demons?
Why should we
be scared of hlm as we have many vallanL demons who could defeaL hlm easlly rahlada
became furlous aL 8alls uLLerances and cursed hlm by saylng Pow dare you say llke Lhls! l am
ashamed LhaL you have Laken blrLh as my grandson l curse you Lo lose your klngdom and fall
from grace because you have crlLlclsed Lord vlshnu Lhe supreme savlour
MAnllLS1A1lCn Cl LC8u vAMAnA
8all felL sorry for hurLlng rahladas feellngs Pe sald uear grandfaLher! My lnLelllgence has
been overshadowed by my arroganL aLLlLude ?ou have done Lhe rlghL Lhlng by curslng me l am
noL scared of loslng all my prosperlLy and splendour buL your anger ls unbearable for me
now even rahlada reallsed LhaL he had commlLLed a mlsLake by curslng hls own son Pe sald
unable Lo conLrol my anger l cursed you buL now noLhlng can be done and my words wlll
deflnlLely come Lrue 8uL donL worry as my blesslngs would help you Lo become a supreme
devoLee of Parl and you would be proLecLed by hlm
Lomaharshan says ln course of Llme Lord vlshnu Look blrLh as vamana 1hls lncldenL of
vlshnus blrLh had llberaLed AdlLl and all Lhe delLles from Lhelr sorrow Lord 8rahma appeared
and performed vamanas !aLkarm Pe also euloglsed vamana and worshlpped hlm Lord vlshnu
was pleased by hls eulogy and revealed Lo hlm LhaL he Look Lhe lncarnaLlon of vamana Lo make
lndra Lhe lord of all Lhe Lhree worlds
Lord 8rahma was pleased and presenLed a black coloured deer skln Lo hlm Slmllarly sages llke
Marlchl vashlshLha 8rlhaspaLl Anglra eLc presenLed alash uanda kamandalu sacred Lhread
and sllken cloLhes respecLlvely Lord vamana Lhen proceeded Lowards Lhe place where klng 8all
was performlng hls oblaLlon Lord vamana was ln Lhe appearance of a hermlL 1hough he was of
dlmlnuLlve slze yeL each of hls sLeps were enough Lo shake Lhe earLh
LC8u vAMAnAS uLMAnuS
Lomaharshan says 1he shaklng and Lrembllng of earLh surprlsed 8all and he enqulred abouL
Lhls sLrange happenlng Lo Shukracharya Pe was also surprlsed by Lhe facL LhaL Agnl was noL
accepLlng Lhe offerlngs Shukracharya afLer conLemplaLlng for a whlle on Lhls maLLer came Lo
know abouL vamanas lncarnaLlon Pe lnformed 8all LhaL vamana was on hls way Lo Lhe oblaLlon
slLe and hls each sLep was causlng Lurbulence on Lhe earLh
8all was pleased LhaL he would geL an opporLunlLy Lo see Lhe AlmlghLy Cod whom Lhe sages
conLemplaLe upon Pe was proud of hls good forLune LhaL Lhe lord was paylng hlm a vlslL
Shukracharya aware of Lhe reason for vamanas arrlval warned 8all agalnsL maklng any promlse
Lo hlm 8all replled Pow can l refuse lf Lhe AlmlghLy Cod demands anyLhlng from me? l am
wllllng Lo face any hardshlp Lo safeguard my benevolenL lmage l donL mlnd lf Lhe delLles geL
beneflLed by my acLlons Lven lf Lhe lord ls comlng wlLh Lhe lnLenLlon of kllllng me l am noL
scared as LhaL ls how l would aLLaln salvaLlon Come whaL may l am noL golng Lo abandon my
charlLable naLure As Lhe conversaLlon beLween Shukracharya and 8all conLlnued suddenly Lord
vamana arrlved
aL Lhe slLe vamanas radlance subdued Lhe power of all demons presenL Lhere Lord vamana
belng lmpressed by Lhe grandeur of vamanas ?agya compllmenLed hlm for organlslng such a
magnlflcenL ?agya 8all euloglsed and worshlpped hls esLeemed guesL Pe requesLed vamana Lo
reveal Lhe reason of hls arrlval and promlsed LhaL hls wlshes would be fulfllled Lord vamana
smlled and Lold hlm LhaL he needed a small plece of land measured by Lhree sLeps for Lhe
performance of ?agya 8all was surprlsed by Lhls demand and requesLed hlm Lo ask for more
land buL Lord vamana Lold hlm LhaL he needed only LhaL much land
8all agreed and Look a vow Lo donaLe a plece of land measured by Lhree sLeps Pardly had 8all
Laken hls vow when suddenly Lord vamana expanded hls slze Pls flrsL sLep covered Lhe whole
earLh 8y hls Lwo successlve sLeps he covered Lhe Lwo worlds 1hls way 8all was forced Lo
donaLe all Lhe Lhree worlds accordlng Lo hls vow Lord vlshnu Lhen made lndra Lhe klng of all
Lhe Lhree worlds and senL 8all Lo Lhe neLher world named SuLal Pe blessed 8all by saylng ?ou
would en[oy a long llfe Llll Lhe end of Lhls presenL kalpa ?ou would hold Lhe posL of lndra Llll
Lhe arrlval of Savarnl ManavanLar As long as you remaln supporLlve of Lhe 8rahmlns and Lhe
delLles you would en[oy all Lhe pleasures of llfe 8uL lf you go agalnsL Lhelr wlshes Lhen you
would be fasLened by varunas noose
8lvL8 SA8ASWA1l
1he sages requesLed Lomaharshan Lo reveal abouL rlver SaraswaLls orlgln whlch flowed ln
kuruksheLra Lomaharshan sald SaraswaLl orlglnaLes from akad Lree (lndlan flg Lree) She
enLers uwalLvan afLer passlng Lhrough numerous mounLalns Whlle descrlblng abouL her ma[esLy
sage Markandeya felL LhaL SaraswaLl was Lhe source from whlch everyLhlng orlglnaLed all Lhe
Lhree worlds Lhree vedas vldya (learnlng) heavenly bodles llke Sun Moon eLc Cnce sage
Markandeya euloglsed SaraswaLl by saylng C SaraswaLl! ?ou manlfesL ln Lhe form of crypLlc
manLra CMkA8 ?ou are Lhe eLernal form Lhrough whlch Lhe AlmlghLy Cod (8rahma)
manlfesLs hlmself ln dlfferenL appearances
SaraswaLl was pleased by hls devoLlon and sald C 8rahmln! l am wllllng Lo go wherever you
wanL Lo Lake me Accordlng Lo Markandeya rlver SaraswaLl was lnlLlally known as 8rahmasar
LaLer on she became famous as 8amhalad Sage Markandeya requesLed SaraswaLl Lo flow ln Lhe
LerrlLory of kuruksheLra where sage kuru was dolng hls penance 1hls way SaraswaLl dlverLed
her course Lowards kuruksheLra
ku8ukSPL18A
1he sages requesLed Lomaharshan Lo descrlbe abouL Lhe geographlcal condlLlon of kuruksheLra
Lomaharshan replled 1here are 7 dlfferenL foresL ranges ln kuruksheLra 1hey are
kamyakvan AdlLlvan vyasavan halklvan Suryavan Madhuvan and SheeLvan nlne rlvers
flow across kuruksheLra SaraswaLl valLarnl Ashga Mandaklnl Canga MadhusLrava vasu
kaushlkl kaggar and PlranyavaLl kuruksheLra ls belleved Lo be Lhe mosL sacred place of
pllgrlmage A pllgrlm vlslLlng kuruksheLra should begln hls pllgrlmage only afLer worshlpplng
Lhe ?aksha Pe should Lhen pay a vlslL Lo Lhe famous AdlLlvan where AdlLl had accompllshed a severe
penance Lo geL a son 8y dolng Lhls he ls blessed wlLh sons possesslng all Lhe good
quallLles AfLer LhaL he should pay a vlslL Lo a place called Savan where Lord Parl dwells A
devoLee who pays a vlslL Lo Lord vlmaleshwar becomes llberaLed from all hls slns and goes Lo
8udraloka afLer hls deaLh Some oLher places of pllgrlmage slLuaLed ln kuruksheLra and whlch
are consldered Lo be very sacred are arlLlav kaushlkl uharanl uakshas hermlLage Shaluklnl
Sarpeedadhl Lhe Lemples aL Lhe bank of anchnad rlver varaha Lemple Someshwar Lemple eLc
A devoLee should also pay a vlslL Lo 8amakunda where arashurama had consLrucLed flve ponds
and fllled Lhem up wlLh Lhe blood of Lhe kshaLrlyas whom he had kllled Pe had paclfled Lhe
soul of hls ancesLors by performlng 1arpan wlLh Lhe blood of Lhe dead kshaLrlyas 1he dead
ancesLors were pleased wlLh hlm and blessed hlm ln becomlng free from Lhe slns whlch he had
acqulred because of kllllng kshaLrlyas
SACL MAnkAnAk LuLCClSLS SPlvA
Sage Mankanak was Lhe ManaspuLra of kashyapa Pe had seven sons who were famously
known as Marud Canas 1hey are Lhe one who hold all Lhe movable and lmmovable ob[ecLs of
Lhls world
Cnce sage Mankanak ln[ured hls flnger by Lhe sharp edge of kusha grass whlle he was Lrylng Lo
pluck Lhem for hls rellglous rlLes 8uL he was qulLe surprlsed when he found vegeLaLlve [ulce
(Shak 8asa) oozlng ouL from Lhe wound lnsLead of blood Pe LhoughL LhaL perhaps hls blood had
Lransformed lnLo vegeLaLlve [ulce by Lhe vlrLue of hls penance 1hls abnormal evenL made hlm
arroganL and he sLarLed danclng ln [oy as a resulL of whlch Lhe whole world sLarLed Lo swerve
Lord 8rahma became puzzled by Lhls sudden developmenL Pe wenL Lo Lord Shlva and requesLed
hlm Lo sLop Mankanak from danclng so LhaL Lhe unlverse became sLeady
Lord Shlva wenL Lo sage Mankanak and sald C supreme sage! 8elng a hermlL you are
supposed Lo have conLrol over your emoLlons May l know Lhe reason of your exLreme [oy whlch
makes you dance Mankanak Lold hlm LhaL hls penance had glven hlm greaL power due Lo whlch
vegeLaLlve [ulce was oozlng ouL from Lhe wound lnsLead of blood and Lhls was Lhe reason for hls
exLreme [oy and happlness 1haL ls why l am danclng sald Mankanak 8uL Lord Shlva was noL
amused and wanLed Lo Leach hlm a lesson Pe hlL Lhe Lhumb wlLh Lhe nall of hls flnger as a resulL
of whlch ashes poured ouL from Lhe wound Mankanak was surprlsed by Lhls 8elng ashamed he
sald l know you are none oLher Lhan Lord Shlva because nobody else can perform Lhls amazlng
feaL l am your greaL devoLee ?ou are Lhe one on whom delLles llke 8rahma and vlshnu are
dependenL l need your blesslngs so LhaL Lhe vlrLues of my penance remaln lnLacL Lord Shlva
blessed hlm and promlsed Lo dwell ln hls hermlLage forever
SCML SAC8Lu LACLS Cl lLC8lMACL
AuSPAnAS 1l81PA
uescrlblng abouL Lhe greaLness of Aushanas Lhe mosL sacred place of pllgrlmage Lomaharshan
narraLes Lhe followlng Lale uurlng 1reLa ?uga Lord 8ama had kllled many demons whlle he was ln
exlle Cnce whlle he was llvlng ln uandak foresL he had severed Lhe head of a wlcked
demon wlLh hls kshura arrow 1he severed head of Lhe demon was carrled by Lhe arrow for qulLe
a dlsLance and colncldenLally lL goL sLuck on Lhe Lhlgh of sage 8ahodar lL became very dlfflculL
for hlm Lo perform hls rellglous duLles 8ad smell emanaLlng from Lhe severed head was
unbearable Some sages advlsed hlm Lo pay a vlslL Lo Aushanas Lo become free from hls problem
8ahodar wenL Lo Aushanas and as soon as he Louched Lhe holy waLer of Lhe rlver Lhe severed
head goL deLached and fell ln Lhe rlver uellghLed he wenL back Lo hls hermlLage lrom LhaL day
Aushanas also came Lo be known as kapalmochan
vASPlSP1PAAvAP 1l81PA
1he sages asked Lomaharshan abouL Lhe orlgln of vashlshLhapava 1lrLha and abouL Lhe reason
why sage vashlshLha was carrled along by Lhe powerful currenL of SaraswaLl rlver Lomaharshan
sald 1here was greaL rlvalry beLween sage vashlshLha and sage vlshwamlLra ln course of Llme
lL Lurned lnLo a blLLer enemlLy vashlshLha had hls hermlLage aL a place called SLhanu 1lrLha and
vlshwamlLras hermlLage was slLuaLed [usL Lowards Lhe wesL of lL vlshwamlLra was [ealous of
vashlshLhas accompllshmenL
Cnce vlshwamlLra asked rlver SaraswaLl Lo brlng vashlshLha Lo hls hermlLage wlLh Lhe help of
powerful currenLs so LhaL he could klll hlm 8lver SaraswaLl became sad and refused Lo obey hlm
whlch made vlshwamlLra angry Pe agaln repeaLed hls commands Seelng no oLher opLlon she
wenL Lo vashlshLhas hermlLage and narraLed Lhe whole sLory Lo hlm vashlshLha agreed Lo be
carrled away by her currenL
When vlshwamlLra saw vashlshLha he furlously sLarLed looklng for some weapon Lo klll hlm
SaraswaLl became scared and carrled vashlshLha Lo safeLy as she dld noL wanL Lo acqulre Lhe sln
of collaboraLlng ln Lhe kllllng of a 8rahmln vlshwamlLra angrlly cursed her May your waLer be
mlxed wlLh blood and may Lhe demons Lhrlve on your banks
1hls way SaraswaLl flowed wlLh her waLer mlxed wlLh blood for one year All Lhe sages delLles
Candharvas and Apsaras were worrled aL Lhls happenlng 8uL Lhls was noL Lhe case wlLh Lhe
demons who llved happlly aL Lhe bank of rlver SaraswaLl Lhrlvlng on Lhe blood mlxed ln her
waLer 1hey used Lo llve happlly danclng and re[olclng as lf Lhey had won Lhe heaven from Lhe
delLles
Cne day some sages arrlved aL Lhe bank of rlver SaraswaLl and became dlsLressed afLer seelng
her waLer mlxed wlLh blood 1hey asked her abouL Lhe reason She revealed Lhe whole sLory and
Lhe mlsdeeds of vlshwamlLra 1he sages Lhen requesLed rlver Aruna Lhe llberaLor of all slns Lo
change her course and sLarL flowlng Lowards rlver SaraswaLl As soon as rlver Aruna submerged
lnLo rlver SaraswaLl she (SaraswaLl) regalned her purlLy once agaln
kAM?AkvAn 1l81PA1he sages asked Lomaharshan abouL Lhe orlgln of kamyakvan 1lrLha Lomaharshan
replled
Cnce upon a Llme Lhe sages of nalmlsharanya came Lo kuruksheLra Lo Lake baLh ln rlver
SaraswaLl 8uL slnce Lhey were large ln number Lhe banks of rlver SaraswaLl could noL
accommodaLe all of Lhem ln Lhelr helplessness Lhey creaLed an lmaglnary place of pllgrlmage
named ?agyopavlLlk 1lrLha and Look an lmaglnary dlp ln lL 8uL many of Lhe remalnlng sages
were unable Lo do even Lhls
When SaraswaLl saw such a large gaLherlng of 8rahmlns deslrous of havlng baLh ln her holy
waLers she creaLed a garden (kun[) and sLarLed flowlng Lowards wesL 1hls very garden laLer on
developed lnLo a dense foresL and became famous as kamyakvan
S1PAnu 1l81PA
1he sages Lhen asked Lomaharshan abouL Lhe orlgln of SLhanu 1lrLha and Lhe lmporLance of
SLhanu vaLa 1hey also expressed Lhelr deslre Lo know abouL Lhe reservolr named SanlhlLya and
how lndra had fllled lL up wlLh mud Sage Lomaharshan replled Cnce SanaLkumar upon belng
asked by 8alkhllya and oLher sages Lhe same quesLlon narraLed Lhe followlng Lale uurlng Lhe
perlod of flnal annlhllaLlon when Lhe whole earLh was submerged ln waLer Lord 8rahma
manlfesLed lnslde an egg Pe slepL Lhere for Lhousands of yugas When he woke up from hls
sleep he found Lhe world devold of any lnhablLanLs 8elng under Lhe lnfluence of 8a[o Cuna he
planned Lo commence hls creaLlon AL Lhe same Llme Lord vlshnu awakened from hls sleep and
broke LhaL egg afLer seelng LhaL Lhe whole world had merged lnslde hlm SubsequenLly Lord
8rahma began hls creaLlon sLarLlng from Lhe word CMkA8 AfLer LhaL Lhe Lerms 8hur
8huvah and Swah respecLlvely came lnLo exlsLence 1he brllllanL effulgence radlaLlng from Lhe
egg had drled up Lhe waLer as a resulL of whlch Lhe remalnlng waLer had Lurned lnLo Lhe shape of
an embryo 1he reservolr SanlhlLya ls slLuaLed aL Lhe same place where Lhe egg had manlfesLed
lLself Meru MounLaln ls noLhlng buL Lhe ouLer shell of LhaL egg and all Lhe oLher mounLalns are lLs
membrane 1he oceans and Lhe rlvers are Lhe fluld lnslde LhaL egg 1here ls a greaL reservolr near
Lhe navel area of Lord 8rahma A blg 8anyan Lree ls slLuaLed [usL ln Lhe mlddle of LhaL reservolr
1hls Lree appears llke a plllar (SLhanu) All Lhe Lhree ma[or casLes (8rahmln kshaLrlya and
valshya) orlglnaLed from LhaL Lree Lord 8rahma Lhen creaLed hls ManaspuLras SanaL Sanandan
eLc SubsequenLly he creaLed Lhe SapLarlshls and Lhe 8alkhllyas All Lhe 8alkhllyas dld a severe
penance for Lhousands of years wlLhouL havlng a morsel of food 1hey had become very weak
buL sLlll Lord Shlva was noL pleased wlLh Lhem
Cnce Lord Shlva and uma were Lravelllng by aerlal rouLe when suddenly uma saw Lhe weak
8alkhllyas engaged ln penance She was saddened Lo see Lhelr frall bodles and requesLed Lord
Shlva Lo end Lhelr mlserles Lord Shlva Lold her LhaL Lhe 8alkhllyas had noL aLLalned a blL of
vlrLuousness lnsplLe of Lhelr severe penance 1hey have sLlll noL become free from anger and
deslres sald Lord Shlva 8uL uma was relucLanL Lo belleve hls words Lord Shlva Lhen asked her
Lo walL Lhere and hlmself wenL Lo show Lhelr real worLh Lo her Lo prove hls polnL
Lord Shlva Lhen shed hls apparels and became naked As a mendlcanL he vlslLed Lhe hermlLages
of all Lhe 8alkhllyas AL LhaL Llme Lhe 8alkhllyas were engaged ln penance and hence only
womenfolk were presenL aL Lhe hermlLages 1he womenfolk lnfaLuaLed by Lord Shlva sLarLed
runnlng afLer hlm When Lhe 8alkhllyas came Lo know abouL Lhls Lhey uprooLed hls prlvaLe organ (Llnga)
and Lhrew lL on Lhe ground Pardly had Lhe Llnga fallen on Lhe ground Lhe whole world
goL engulfed by Lhe process of desLrucLlon All Lhe sages and learned salnLs became worrled and
wenL Lo seek Lord 8rahmas help Lord 8rahma revealed Lo Lhem LhaL Lhls desLrucLlon was due Lo
Shlvas wraLh Pe also Lold Lhem abouL Lhe fuLlllLy of Lhelr penance as Lhey were sLlll under Lhe
lnfluence of anger and lusL ?ou cannoL aLLaln perfecLlon unLll your flaws are removed sald
Lord 8rahma
SACLS 1AkL LC8u SPlvAS 8LluCL
Ashamed Lhe sages requesLed Lord 8rahma Lo Lell Lhem Lhe way Lo paclfy Lord Shlva Lord
8rahma assured Lhem LhaL Lhey would be forglven lf Lhey Look Lord Shlvas refuge Lord 8rahma
wenL Lo kallash arvaL accompanled by all Lhe sages AfLer reachlng Lhere he euloglsed Lord
Shlva wlLh deep devoLlon 1he sages also worshlpped Lord Shlva
Lord Shlva was saLlsfled by Lhelr eulogy and devoLlon Pe lnsLrucLed Lhe sages Lo esLabllsh Lhe
severed Llnga aL SanlhlLya Sarovar 8y dolng Lhls you would have all your deslres fulfllled
1he Llnga would become famous by Lhe name of SLhanu Lhe whole world A devoLee who pays
a vlslL Lo Lhls sacred place of pllgrlmage would become llberaLed from all hls slns sald Lord
Shlva
1he sages reLurned Lo Lhe place of Lord Shlvas fallen Llnga 1hey Lrled Lhelr besL Lo llfL lL buL
were unsuccessful ln Lhelr aLLempL 1hey became worrled and wenL Lo Lord 8rahma for help
Lord 8rahma Lold Lhem Slnce Shlvas Llnga had fallen on hls own wlll hence nobody excepL
hlm can llfL LhaL Llnga All of Lhem wenL back Lo kallash arvaL buL Lord Shlva was nowhere Lo
be found
Lord 8rahma wenL lnLo a sLaLe of deep medlLaLlon and slghLed Lord Shlva ln Lhe gulse of an
elephanL When 8rahma and Lhe delLles proceeded on Lhelr way Lhey found a goddess wlLh a
kamandalu ln hand and offered Lhem AmrlL AfLer belng refreshed Lhe sages asked wheLher she
knew of Lord Shlvas whereabouLs She Lold Lhem LhaL Lord Shlva was presenLly llvlng ln Lhe
mlddle of SanlhlLya Sarovar AfLer reachlng Lhe reservolr Lhey found Lord Shlva ln Lhe gulse of
an elephanL 1hey requesLed hlm Lo help Lhem esLabllsh hls Llnga aL Lhe deslred place Lord
Shlva agreed All of Lhem Lhen wenL Lo Lhe slLe of Lord Shlvas fallen Llnga Pe llfLed lL wlLh hls
Lrunk and esLabllshed lL Lowards Lhe wesL of SanlhlLya Sarovar 1he sages were saLlsfled and
expressed Lhelr graLlLude Lo Lord Shlva Lord Shlva pleased by Lhelr eulogy and devoLlon
declded Lo make Lhe Llnga as hls abode
C8LA1nLSS Cl S1PAnu 1l81PA
1PL C8LA1nLSS Cl SAnlPl1?A SA8CvA8 Anu
S1PAnu 1l81PA
SanaLkumar says uescrlblng Lhe greaLness of SanlhlLya Sarovar Lord Shlva Lold Lhe sages LhaL a
devoLee cannoL aLLaln salvaLlon unless he pays a vlslL Lo Lhls sacred place of pllgrlmage 1here ls no
oLher 1lrLha llke Lhls one l would be easlly accesslble Lo a devoLee who worshlps me wlLh
LoLal devoLlon AfLer saylng Lhls Lord Shlva dlsappeared
ln course of Llme Lhe heaven became crowded wlLh human belngs due Lo vlrLues aLLalned by
golng on pllgrlmages Lo SLhanu 1lrLha 1he delLles became worrled aL Lhls developmenL and wenL
Lo seek Lord 8rahmas help lndra sald lf Lhlngs conLlnue llke Lhls Lhen Lhe heaven wlll be
domlnaLed by morLals and we wlll have no opLlon buL Lo move ouL from Lhere now lLs your duLy
Lo proLecL us Lord 8rahma ordered lndra Lo flll up SanlhlLya Sarovar wlLh mud so LhaL Lhe
SLhanu Llnga geLs concealed and devoLees no longer vlslLed LhaL sacred place of pllgrlmage
SanlhlLya Sarovar was fllled up wlLh mud as lndra creaLed a dusL sLorm whlch lasLed for several
days 8uL sLlll lndras ob[ecLlve remalned unfulfllled as Lord Shlva llfLed SLhanu Llnga and 1lrLha
vaLa (8anyan Lree) ln hls hands 1here were some sages presenL on Lhe bank of SanlhlLya Sarovar
aL Lhe Llme of Lhls lncldenL 1hey smeared Lhelr bodles wlLh LhaL mud and due Lo Lhls all of Lhem
wenL Lo 8rahma loka
C1PL8 8CMlnLn1 LlnCAS
SanaLkumar says 1he sacred places of pllgrlmage named Shukra 1lrLha and Soma 1lrLha are
slLuaLed Lowards norLh and souLh of SLhanu vaLa respecLlvely uaksha 1lrLha ls slLuaLed Lowards
lLs souLh and Skand 1lrLha Lowards lLs wesL 1he sacrosancL SLhanu 1lrLha ls slLuaLed [usL ln
beLween all Lhese four places of pllgrlmage near SLhanu 1lrLha ls a Shlvallnga and Coddess
uma dwells Lhere 1here ls a Maha Llnga esLabllshed by 1akshak Lowards Lhe norLh of SLhanu
vaLa whlle Lhe Shlvallnga consLrucLed by vlshwakarma ls esLabllshed Lowards Lhe easL
8y Lhe slde of LhaL 8anyan Lree (vaLa 1lrLha) ls slLuaLed 8aLeshwar Llnga whlch was esLabllshed
by Lord 8rahma Some oLher promlnenL Llngas esLabllshed ln Lhe vlclnlLy of SLhanu Llnga areCokarna
Maha Llnga esLabllshed by 8avana kumareshwar PasLlpadeshwar Shlva Slddheshwar
Llnga PlbhavaLeshwar Llnga eLc
klnC vLnA 8l81P Cl 8l1Pu
Sage Markandeya Lhen goes on Lo descrlbe abouL Lhe splendours of SLhanu 1lrLha Surya was
Manus faLher vena was Manus grandson Pe was wlcked and always crlLlclsed Lhe vedas
8elng dlspleased by hls lrrellglous son venas faLher lefL for Lhe foresL Lo do penance where he
aLLalned salvaLlon
ln course of Llme venas Lyranny spread across Lhe lengLh and breadLh of Lhe earLh ln a very
shorL Llme he became Lhe lord of whole earLh Pe had sLrlcLly warned hls sub[ecLs agalnsL
worshlpplng any oLher delLy excepL hlm Sages became furlous by hls lrrellglous sLrlcLure and
Lrled Lo change hls mlnd buL Lhelr efforLs wenL ln valn ulLlmaLely vena was kllled by Lhe angry
sages AfLer hls deaLh Lhe sages churned hls lefL hand whlch resulLed ln Lhe manlfesLaLlon of a
dwarf 1he sages consldered hlm Lo be unflL Lo become a ruler and churned venas rlghL hand for
Lhe second Llme 1hls Llme a dlvlne enLlLy manlfesLed who had all Lhe ausplclous slgns on hls body 1he
delLles crowned Lhls dlvlne enLlLy as Lhe klng and named hlm rlLhu rlLhu proved Lo
be a [usL klng and hls sub[ecLs were saLlsfled by hls rule
Cne day sage narada arrlved aL rlLhus courL WanLlng Lo grab Lhe opporLunlLy he asked narada
how hls faLher could be llberaLed from hls slns narada Lold hlm LhaL hls faLher was presenLly
llvlng among Lhe Mlechchas and was sufferlng from dlseases llke consumpLlon and leprosy Pe
would be cured of hls dlseases lf he ls Laken Lo SLhanu 1lrLha and made Lo Lake a dlp ln Lhe holy
SanlhlLya Sarovar sald narada
Pe wenL Lo Lhe slLe and found hls faLher llvlng among Lhe Mlechchas AfLer Laklng Lhe Mlechchas
permlsslon he broughL hls faLher Lo SLhanu 1lrLha Pls efforL of helplng hls faLher Lo Lake a baLh
was reslsLed by Lhe delLy vayu who sald 1he waLers of SanlhlLya Sarovar would geL polluLed lf
such a lowly slnner Look a baLh ln lL llrsL of all you musL go on a pllgrlmage and vlslL all Lhe
sacred places Lo make your faLher pure Cnly Lhen he wlll be enLlLled Lo Lake baLh here
rlLhu accompanled by hls faLher wenL on a pllgrlmage and vlslLed all Lhe sacred places When
boLh of Lhem reLurned Lo SLhanu 1lrLha hls faLher had become pure by Lhls Llme vena Look hls
baLh and became llberaLed from hls slns Pe worshlpped Lord SLhanu and euloglsed hlm wlLh
LoLal devoLlon
vLnA A11AlnS PLAvLn
SanaLkumar says Lord Shlva became pleased by hls devoLlon and blessed vena LhaL he would
manlfesL from hls body as Andhak ln hls nexL blrLh uue Lo Lhe slns acqulred by crlLlclslng Lhe
vedas he would be born ln Lhe famlly of Lhe noLorlous demon Plranyaksh Lord Shlva Lhen
asked vena Lo demand any boon
vena requesLed Lord Shlva Lo bless hls aLLendanL who had Lransformed lnLo a dog due Lo hls sln
acqulred by eaLlng dlvlne food Lord Shlva blessed Lhe aLLendanL as a resulL of whlch he regalned
hls orlglnal form 8lghL Lhen rlLhu arrlved Lhere AfLer seelng hlm vena expressed hls graLlLude
for hls Lremendous efforL wlLhouL whlch he would noL have been llberaLed from hls slns AfLer
blesslng rlLhu vena deparLed for heaven
ln hls faLhers absence rlLhu conLlnued Lo rule [usLly Pe performed many rellglous acLlvlLles
and gave unllmlLed donaLlons Lo Lhe 8rahmlns AfLer rullng for a long perlod he wenL Lo
kuruksheLra where he dld a severe penance and aLLalned Lhe supreme abode afLer hls deaLh
1PL C8lCln Cl 88APMLSPWA8S lCu8 PLAuS
AfLer creaLlng all Lhe movable and lmmovable llvlng Lhlngs Lord 8rahma creaLed a beauLlful
lady Pe was so lnfaLuaLed by her beauLy LhaL he expressed hls deslre Lo procreaLe wlLh her help
As a resulL of Lhls grave sln commlLLed by Lord 8rahma one of hls four heads goL deLached and
fell on Lhe ground Pe carrled hls severed head and wenL Lo SanlhlLya Sarovar Lo aLone for hls
slns AfLer reachlng LhaL slLe he esLabllshed a fourheaded Shlvallnga and worshlpped lL dally
leased by hls devoLlon Lord Shlva appeared before hlm Pe blessed Lord 8rahma and sald?ou have
become free from Lhe sln due Lo Lhe vlrLue aLLalned by esLabllshlng a fourheaded
Shlvallnga aL Lhls sacred place AfLer blesslng hlm Lord Shlva dlsappeared
AfLer geLLlng llberaLed from hls sln Lord 8rahma worshlpped Lhe ldol of fourheaded Mahadeva
and esLabllshed anoLher Shlvallnga ln Lhe mlddle of a nearby lake Pe also creaLed a reservolr
whlch ls named afLer hlm 8rahmasar Pe esLabllshed Lwo oLher Shlvallngas one Lowards Lhe
easL of hls hermlLage and anoLher aL Lhe bank of rlver SaraswaLl A devoLee who goes on a
pllgrlmage Lo Lhese sacred places creaLed by Lord 8rahma becomes llberaLed from all hls slns
and aLLalns salvaLlon
8l1PuuAk 1l81PA
uescrlblng Lhe ma[esLy of rlLhudak 1lrLha Mahadeva Lold Lhe delLles All of you musL pay a
vlslL Lo Lhls sacrosancL place of pllgrlmage slLuaLed near SanlhlLya reservolr 1he day on whlch
Moon Sun and !uplLer unlLedly come under Mrlgshlra nakshaLra ls called Akshay 1rlLlya ?ou
musL go Lo LhaL sacred place and perform Shradha of your ancesLors
All Lhe delLles led by lndra wenL Lo kuruksheLra where rlLhudak was slLuaLed 8rlhaspaLl was
also presenL wlLh Lhem AfLer Laklng Lhelr baLh Lhe delLles requesLed 8rlhaspaLl (!uplLer) Lo enLer
lnLo Lhe Mrlgshlra nakshaLra as dlrecLed by Mahadeva 8rlhaspaLl agreed Lo do LhaL and enLered
lnLo Lhe Mrlgshlra nakshaLra along wlLh Lhe Sun and Lhe Moon on Akshay 1rlLlya
All Lhe delLles Lhen worshlpped Lhelr dead ancesLors by offerlng lnd comprlslng of sesame seeds and
honey 1he ancesLors were pleased and presenLed Mena Lo Lhe delLles 1he delLles ln Lurn presenLed
Mena Lo Plmalaya Plmalaya was pleased Lo have Mena as hls wlfe ln course of Llme Lhree daughLers
were born Lo Lhem
8l81P Cl uMA Anu PL8 MA88lACL 1C SPlvA
MLnA ClvLS 8l81P 1C uMA
Mena gave blrLh Lo Lhree daughLers and a son 1he eldesL daughLer 8aglnl was red complexloned
and had red eyes kuLlla was falr complexloned and had beauLlful eyes llke LhaL of loLus peLals
1he youngesL daughLer kall was dark complexloned and had beauLlful eyes llke Lhe peLals of
blue loLus Mena also had a son named Sunam
When all Lhree of Lhem were of slx years Lhey sLarLed Lo do penance 1he delLles saw Lhese
beauLlful glrls and were enchanLed by Lhelr beauLy AdlLya and Lhe vasu Canas Look kuLlla Lo
8rahma loka and asked Lord 8rahma C lord! Wlll Lhls glrl glve blrLh Lo a son capable of kllllng
Mahlshasura?
Lord 8rahma Lold Lhem LhaL she was lncapable of bearlng Lhe effulgence of Lord Shlva and hence
she should be released kuLlla was de[ecLed by Lord 8rahmas re[ecLlon and challenged hlm LhaL
she would Lry every means so as Lo aLLaln Lhe capablllLy of holdlng Lhe effulgence of Lord Shlva
Lord 8rahma became angry wlLh her arroganL uLLerances and cursed her Lo become a rlver ln a
very shorL perlod Lhe furlous currenL of kuLlla overflooded Lhe whole 8rahma loka buL Lord 8rahma
managed Lo conLrol her currenL ln Lhls way kuLlla remalned ln 8rahma loka ln Lhe form
of a rlver
When Lhe delLles saw 8aglnl dolng penance Lhey Look her Lo Lord 8rahma Lven she was cursed
by Lord 8rahma ln Lhe same manner as her slsLer had been cursed uue Lo Lord 8rahmas curse
she became Sandhya (evenlng) and sLarLed for Lhe ausplclous yoga of krlLlka
AfLer loslng her Lwo daughLers Mena Lrled Lo dlssuade kall from dolng penance 8uL kall was
noL Lo llsLen 8eacLlng Lo her moLhers advlses kall pronounced u Ma and as a resulL she was
named uma by her moLher uma commenced her severe penance Lo please Lord Shlva When
Lord 8rahma came Lo know abouL Lhls he lnsLrucLed Lhe delLles Lo brlng her along Lo 8rahma
loka buL Lhe delLles were unsuccessful ln Lhelr aLLempL as umas radlance was unbearable for
Lhem 1hey reLurned Lo 8rahma loka and narraLed Lhe whole sLory Lo Lord 8rahma Lord 8rahma
was convlnced LhaL uma was worLhy of belng Shlvas consorL Cne day Plmalaya umas faLher
broughL her back home
Cnce Lord Shlva wenL Lo Plmalaya MounLaln Lo do penance When Plmalaya came Lo know of
hls arrlval he was exLremely happy Pe made all necessary arrangemenLs for Lord Shlva Cne
day whlle Lord Shlva was engrossed ln medlLaLlon uma arrlved Lhere Lord Shlva was pleased
Lo know LhaL SaLl had relncarnaLed as uma 8uL hls [oy was momenLary as he wenL back lnLo
deep medlLaLlon uma pald her obelsance by Louchlng Shlvas feeL Lord Shlva wanLlng Lo LesL
umas devoLlon wenL lnLo hldlng
uma soughL her faLhers permlsslon Lo do penance wlLh Lhe ob[ecLlve of havlng Shlva as her
husband Plmalaya agreed and gave hls permlsslon She sLarLed her penance afLer creaLlng an
earLhen ldol of Lord Shlva She worshlpped LhaL ldol wlLh LoLal devoLlon Lord Shlva became
pleased wlLh her devoLlon and appeared before her ln Lhe gulse of a mendlcanL Cn belng
enqulred by uma Lord Shlva Lold her LhaL he was on hls pllgrlmage Lo rlLhudak l am used Lo
all Lhese ausLerlLles as l have been pracLlslng lL slnce my chlldhood 8uL why are you LorLurlng
yourself ln such a Lender age? asked Lord Shlva
Lomaprabha umas companlon was also presenL Lhere She Lold Lhe mendlcanL abouL Lhe
ob[ecLlve wlLh whlch uma was dolng her penance She wanLs Lo have Lord Shlva as her
husband sald Lomaprabha Pearlng Lhls Lhe mendlcanL laughed loudly and made fun of Shlva
Pe Lrled Lo dlssuade uma from marrylng Lord Shlva uma became exLremely angry and asked
Lhe mendlcanL Lo keep mum 8uL when Lhe mendlcanL conLlnued wlLh hls abuses she goL up and
Lrled Lo move away from Lhe slde Lord Shlva became pleased by her LoLal devoLlon and appeared
ln hls real form Pe assured uma Lo go back home and sald l wlll send Lhe sages Lo your house
wlLh a marrlage proposal 1he ldol whlch you have been worshlpplng wlLh such deep devoLlon
would become famous as 8hadreshwar
uma reLurned home and Shlva proceeded on hls way Lo rlLhudak
LC8u SPlvA SLnuS MA88lACL 8CCSALAfLer paylng a vlslL Lo rlLhudak 1lrLha Lord Shlva reLurned Lo
hls abode AL LhaL Llme he was
llvlng aL Mandar MounLaln AfLer Lord Shlvas conLemplaLlon Lhe SapLarlshls arrlved AfLer Lhe
formal saluLaLlons Lord Shlva Lold Lhe sages LhaL hls wlfe SaLl has relncarnaLed as uma All of
you musL go Lo Plmalaya and requesL hlm Lo marry hls daughLer Lo me sald Lord Shlva 1he
SapLarlshls ablded by hls lnsLrucLlons
All of Lhem wenL Lo Plmalaya wlLh Shlvas proposal When uma came Lo know abouL Lhls she
was qulLe pleased buL dld noL reveal her emoLlons Plmalaya was ln a dllemma Pe dld noL know
wheLher Lo refuse or accepL Lhe marrlage proposal 1he Meru MounLaln advlsed hlm Lo go ahead
wlLh Lhe marrlage as lL would noL be proper Lo refuse Lhe SapLarlshls
Mena Plmalayas wlfe sald C lord of Lhe mounLaln! 1he dead ancesLors gave uma Lo me on
Lhe condlLlon LhaL l would geL her marrled wlLh Shlva 1he son born Lo her would klll Lhe
demons Mahlshasura and 1arakasura AL lasL Plmalaya agreed 1he SapLarlshls were pleased
and chose an ausplclous momenL for Lhe marrlage ceremony 1hey sald Shlva would marry
your daughLer on MalLra MuhurLa Lhe Lhlrd day from Loday when Lhe Moon wlll enLer Lhe uLLar
halgunl nakshaLra AfLer saylng Lhls Lhe SapLarlshls reLurned Lo Mandar MounLaln and gave
Lhe good news Lo Lord Shlva Lord Shlva became pleased and worshlpped Lhe SapLarlshls 1he
SapLarlshls Lhen wenL Lo lnform all Lhe delLles abouL Shlvas marrlage
uMA MA88lLS LC8u SPlvA
Lord vlshnu 8rahma Lhe delLles and Lhe Canas were pleased Lo hear abouL Shlvas marrlage
Lord Shlva wenL Lo hls abode kallash MounLaln Lo make preparaLlons for Lhe marrlage
ceremony
Lord Shlvas marrlage processlon proceeded Lowards Plmalaya MounLaln Pls appearance was
qulLe Lerrlfylng wlLh a Llger skln around hls walsL and Corochan 1llak on hls forehead Pe had a
garland of skulls around hls neck Snakes were colllng all around hls body Pls mounL vrlshabh
(ox) was walklng ln a ma[esLlc way 1he marrlage processlon comprlsed of Lhe delLles ?akshas
demons and hls Canas Lord vlshnu had Coddess Lakshml by hls slde and was mounLed on
Caruda (eagle) whlle Lord 8rahma was mounLed on Pans (swan)
When Lhe marrlage processlon reached lLs desLlnaLlon Plmalaya recelved hls esLeemed guesLs
wlLh greaL honor and gulded Lhem Lo hls palace 1he womenfolk envled uma as Lhey glanced aL
Lhe handsome appearance of Lord Shlva uma was looklng dlvlnely beauLlful ln her whlLe
coloured sllken apparel AL lasL boLh Lhe brlde and Lhe brldegroom enLered Lhe canopy where Lhe
marrlage ceremony was supposed Lo be performed
Plmalaya placlng umas hand ln Shlvas requesLed hlm Lo accepL her as hls wlfe Lord Shlva
sald C klng of Lhe mounLalns! uesplLe belng homeless l agree Lo accepL your daughLer as my
wlfe AfLer LhaL boLh Shlva and uma Lled Lhe nupLlal knoL and clrcumambulaLed Lhe sacred flre
for Lhree Llmes 8oLh of Lhem made offerlngs Lo Lhe sacred flre As uma Louched Shlvas feeL
Lord 8rahma goL a chance Lo have a gllmpse of her beauLlful face Pe was so lnfaLuaLed by her
dlvlne beauLy LhaL he e[aculaLed nobody excepL Lord Shlva was aware of Lhls lncldenL Lord
8rahma Lrled Lo conceal hls e[aculaLed sperms (veerya) under Lhe soll 8uL Lord Shlva prohlblLed hlm
from dolng so and sald uonL desLroy Lhls vlrya lrom lL would manlfesL 80000
8alkhllyas
Lord Shlvas prophesles came Lrue and ln a very shorL Llme 80000 8alkhllyas appeared Lhere
Lord Shlva Lhen reLurned Lo Mandar arvaL accompanled by hls consorL uma
vlSPWAkA8MA CCnS18uC1S A ALACL
AfLer reachlng Mandar MounLaln Lord Shlva lnsLrucLed vlshwakarma Lo consLrucL a home
vlshwakarma consLrucLed a spaclous home for Shlva whlch was spread ln Lhe area of 64 ?o[ans
1he home was decoraLed wlLh SwasLlka symbols and lLs walls were made of gold
Cne day Lord Shlva [oklngly referred Lo uma as kall because of her dark complexlon 8uL uma
dld noL Lake hls commenLs llghLly and Lold Shlva LhaL she was golng Lo Lhe Plmalayas Lo do her
penance so LhaL he dld noL dare Lo call her by LhaL name agaln 1hus uma wenL Lo Plmalaya
MounLaln and commenced her penance SLandlng on one feeL she engaged herself ln severe
penance Cne day a llon arrlved and seelng uma sLandlng on one feeL walLed paLlenLly for Lhe
momenL when she would lose her balance and fall lnLo lLs cluLches uma conLlnued wlLh her
penance for one hundred years by conLlnuously chanLlng Lhe sacred 8rahma manLra leased by
her devoLlon Lord 8rahma appeared before her and asked whaL she wlshed for uma flrsL of all
requesLed hlm Lo bless Lhe llon wlLh lmmense power She Lhen requesLed hlm Lo bless her wlLh a
golden complexlon Lord 8rahma blessed her and dlsappeared She abandoned her dark
complexloned skln from whlch manlfesLed kaushlkl now her complexlon Lurned golden due Lo
Lord 8rahmas blesslngs lndra appeared before her and soughL her permlsslon Lo Lake kaushlkl
along wlLh hlm uma gave her consenL wlLhouL any heslLaLlon
lndra Look kaushlkl Lo vlndhya MounLaln and requesLed her Lo sLay Lhere Pe sald ?ou would
become famous as vlndhya vaslnl and would be revered even by Lhe delLles Pe presenLed a
llon Lo her and wenL back Lo hls abode Cn Lhe oLher hand uma reLurned Lo Mandar MounLaln
and llved happlly Lord Shlva became so deeply aLLached Lo her LhaL he forgoL abouL hls duLles
and as a resulL of whlch Lhe whole world became dlsLurbed 1he delLles became scared by Lhls
developmenL and wenL Lo seek Lord 8rahmas advlce
Lord 8rahma wenL Lo Mandar MounLaln accompanled by all Lhe delLles 1hey Lrled Lo enLer
Shlvas abode buL nandl Shlvas mounL dld noL leL Lhem ln Pelpless all of Lhem walLed eagerly
for Lhe Llme Shlva would come ouL Agnl seelng rows of swans comlng ouL from Shlvas abode
dlsgulsed hlmself as a swan and Lhus managed Lo geL lnslde Pe wenL near Lord Shlva and sald
C lord! 1he delLles are anxlously walLlng for you ouLslde Pow come you are noL aware of
Lhls? Lord Shlva lmmedlaLely goL up and ran Lowards Lhe delLles
lndra and oLher delLles were scared aL Lhe prospecL of loslng heaven Lo Lord Shlvas progeny So
Lhey requesLed Lord Shlva noL Lo procreaLe any chlld from uma Lord Shlva agreed buL asked
Lhem as Lo who was capable of holdlng hls ouLflowlng sperms Agnl came forward and
swallowed each drop of Shlvas sperm SaLlsfled Lhe delLles lefL Lord Shlva wenL lnslde and Lold
everyLhlng Lo uma She became furlous and cursed Lhe delLles LhaL Lhey Loo would remaln sonless
[usL llke her Cne day before Laklng her baLh uma applled ubLan (mlxLure of sandalwood Lurmerlc eLc)
on
her body She Lhen peeled off Lhe pasLe from her body and made an elephanLheaded lmage from
lL Mallnl her companlon asslsLed her ln Laklng baLh Mallnl was smlllng all Lhe whlle as uma
was Laklng her baLh uma became curlous and wanLed Lo know Lhe reason of her sLrange smlle
Mallnl Lold uma abouL her flrm bellef LhaL one day she (uma) would deflnlLely become a
moLher uma Lold her LhaL Lhls was lmposslble as Lhe delLles had prohlblLed her husband Shlva
from procreaLlng a chlld 8uL Mallnl conLlnued Lo smlle AfLer Laklng her baLh uma wenL back
home
AfLer someLlme Lord Shlva arrlved and Look hls baLh aL Lhe same place 1he elephanLheaded
lmage creaLed by uma was lylng Lhere Suddenly lL became allve and sLarLed maklng a hlsslng
sound from hls Lrunk Lord Shlva dellghLfully Look hlm Lo uma and sald Look aL your son
uma was surprlsed Lo see LhaL elephanLheaded lmage allve and affecLlonaLely embraced hlm
Lord Shlva agaln sald ?our son wlll become famous as vlnayak and Lhe whole world would
worshlp hlm Lord Shlva Lhen enLrusLed Lhe Lask of chllds securlLy Lo ChaLodar
1hus boLh Lord Shlva and uma llved happlly 1he same uma laLer on Look lncarnaLlon as
Coddess kaLyayanl and kllled Lhe demons Shumbh and nlshumbh
klLLlnC Cl nlSPuM8P Anu SPuM8P
Shumbh and nlshumbh were sons of uanu 1hey wanLed Lo avenge Mahlshasuras deaLh and senL
many demons llke Lo brlng Coddess Chandlka afLer enslavlng her llrsL of all Sugreev was senL
followed by uhumralochan buL boLh of Lhem were kllled by Lhe Coddess When Shumbh and
nlshumbh heard of Lhelr deaLh Lhey were lnfurlaLed nlshumbh aLLacked Lhe goddess wlLh a huge
army Shumbh aLLacked from Lhe oLher slde ln Lhe flerce baLLle Coddess Chandlka broke
nlshumbhs sword as well as hls shleld nlshumbh Lhen aLLacked Coddess Chandlka wlLh hls
weapon ShakLl Coddess Chandlka broke lL wlLh her Chakra AL lasL she aLLacked hlm wlLh her
arrows aL hlm and as a resulL nlshumbh goL ln[ured and fell
When Shumbh saw nlshumbh ln[ured and unconsclous he ran Lowards Coddess Chandlka Lo
klll her Coddess Chandlka blew her conch and made a Lhunderous nolse by pulllng Lhe
bowsLrlng Shumbh released Lhe dangerous weapon ugradlpLl ln Lhe dlrecLlon of Coddess
Chandlka 8uL her weapon Maholkanamnl desLroyed lL Shumbh Lhundered loudly and aLLacked
Coddess Chandlka wlLh a volley of arrows buL none could cause any harm Lo her llnally
Coddess Chandlka aLLacked Shumbh wlLh her LrldenL Shumbh fell down unconsclous AfLer
someLlme he regalned hls consclousness and aLLacked Coddess Chandlka wlLh hls arrows 8uL
she desLroyed all Lhe arrows ln Lhe meanLlme nlshumbh had regalned hls consclousness Pe goL
up and aLLacked Coddess Chandlka wlLh hls LrldenL ln Lhe end Coddess Chandlka kllled
nlshumbh by plerclng her LrldenL ln hls hearL As nlshumbh was dylng an anoLher demon
manlfesLed from hls body Lven he was kllled by her Per mounL Slmha devoured all Lhe dead
demons
Shumbh became angry aL Lhe deaLh of hls broLher nlshumbh Pe furlously Lold Lhe goddess C
wlcked lady! uo noL be proud of your sLrengLh borrowed from oLhers Coddess Chandlka replled C
wlcked demon! l am Lhe only power of Lhls whole unlverse l am Lhe orlgln of cause
and effecL Look! All Lhe dlvlnlLles are enLerlng lnLo my body
1he nexL momenL all Lhe dlvlne enLlLles whlch had earller manlfesLed from Lhe bodles of Lhe
delLles unlLed wlLh Lhe goddess now Lhe goddess was alone A Lremendous baLLle was foughL
beLween Coddess Chandlka and Shumbh Amblka aLLacked hlm wlLh numerous dlvlne weapons
8uL Shumbh neuLrallsed her aLLack wlLh hls own weapons
Shumbh covered Lhe whole body of Coddess Chandlka wlLh hls arrows She broke hls bow AfLer
Lhls Shumbh aLLacked her wlLh hls weapon ShakLl whlch was broken lnLo pleces by her chakra
now Shumbh Look ouL hls sword and aLLacked her wlLh lL She broke hls shleld and sword wlLh
her arrows Shumbh Lhen aLLacked her wlLh hls mace Lven hls mace was broken lnLo pleces
Shumbh had no more weapons lefL wlLh hlm Pe hlL Lhe goddess on her breasL wlLh hls clenched
flsL She slapped hlm so hard on Lhe face LhaL he fell down 1he nexL momenL he goL up and
manlfesLed hlmself ln Lhe sky now a Lremendous duel was foughL beLween Lhem ln Lhe sky
ln Lhe end she dashed hlm Lo Lhe ground and plerced Lhe LrldenL ln hls hearL Shumbh was
lnsLanLly kllled AfLer Lhe kllllng of Shumbh Candharvas Lhe delLles and Apsaras were so
pleased LhaL Lhey danced and re[olced 1he whole aLmosphere echoed wlLh Lhe sound ShanLl
ShanLl (LeL Lhere be peace)
AfLer goddess Chandlka kllled Shumbh all Lhe delLles under Lhe leadershlp of lndra and Agnl
sLarLed euloglslng her C Coddess! 8e pleased upon us! roLecL Lhe whole world as you are Lhe
goddess of Lhls whole unlverse ?ou appear ln Lhe form of Lhls earLh Lhe base on whlch
everyLhlng ls slLuaLed ?our llghL lllumlnaLes all Lhe llvlng creaLures ?ou are Lhe only power
Lhrough whlch creaLlon nurLurlng and annlhllaLlon Lakes place ?ou are Lhe 8rahmanl
Maheshwarl and Lhe kaumarl We saluLe you because you have proLecLed us from Lhe Lerror of
Lhe demons We need your proLecLlon from all Lhe calamlLles of Lhls world
Coddess Chandlka was very pleased by Lhelr eulogy She asked Lhem for any wlsh 1he delLles
sald C Akhlleshwarl! We need your proLecLlon Clear all Lhe obsLacles from our paLh LllmlnaLe
our enemles
Coddess Chandlka replled uurlng valvasvaL ManavanLar l wlll Lake lncarnaLlon from
?ashodas womb Lhe wlfe of nand Lo klll Lhe demons Shumbh and nlshumbh AfLer LhaL l wlll
klll Lhe demon valprachlL ln my mosL aggresslve form Cne hundred years laLer l wlll manlfesL
myself and would be known as SaLakshl because of my hundred eyes My nexL lncarnaLlon would
be known as Shakambharl because l would nurLure Lhe whole world durlng Lhe perlod of droughL
l wlll klll Lhe demon uurgam durlng LhaL droughL perlod l wlll klll Lhe demon Arun Lhe
LormenLor of all Lhe Lhree worlds by Laklng Lhe form of a bee uue Lo Lhls l wlll be known as
8hramarl l wlll Lake lncarnaLlons every Llme Lhe demons LormenL Lhe world
Coddess Chandlka says l wlll clear all Lhe obsLacles from Lhe paLh of such a man who worshlps
me lf a devoLee llsLens Lo Lhe greaL Lales of how l kllled Mahlshasura Shumbh and nlshumbh
on Lhe elghLh nlnLh and fourLeenLh days of any monLh Lhen he would be llberaLed from poverLy and all
hls slns Pe would become free from fear A devoLee musL llsLen Lo my dlvlne Lales durlng
all Lhe rellglous ceremonles llke maklng sacrlflce worshlp and performlng ?agya 8y dolng Lhls
all hls enemles wlll be ellmlnaLed A man who remembers me when faced wlLh dangerous
slLuaLlons remalns proLecLed by me
AfLer blesslng Lhe delLles Coddess Chandlka dlsappeared from Lhelr slghL All Lhe demons who
had survlved afLer Lhe kllllngs of Shumbh and nlshumbh wenL Lo Lhe neLher world Lo save Lhelr
llves
8l81P Cl kA81lkL?A
Swallowlng of Lord Shlvas sperm had subdued Agnls radlance 1he delLles advlsed hlm Lo Lake
Lord 8rahmas help Whlle he was on hls way Lo 8rahma loka he came across a rlver named
kuLlla and requesLed her Lo hold Shlvas sperm She agreed and requesLed hlm Lo release lL ln her
waLers
ln course of Llme she became pregnanL 1he LhoughL of glvlng blrLh Lo an llleglLlmaLe chlld
LormenLed her so she wenL Lo Lord 8rahma Lo Lake hls advlce Lord 8rahma lnsLrucLed her Lo
aborL her foeLus aL udyachal MounLaln whlch was covered by Lhe dense foresL of reed Lord
8rahma felL LhaL lL was a very safe place for her and nobody wlll be aware of Lhls lncldenL kuLlla
followed hls lnsLrucLlons
kuLlla aborLed her foeLus [usL accordlng Lo Lord 8rahmas lnsLrucLlons 1he foeLus remalned Lhere
for 10000 years afLer whlch a chlld was born radlanL llke a rlslng Sun and eyes llke Lhe peLals of
loLus flower 1he chlld belng hungry sLarLed Lo cry AL LhaL Llme all Lhe slx krlLlkas were passlng
Lhrough LhaL foresL 1hey were so mesmerlsed by Lhe chllds beauLy LhaL Lhey sLarLed quarrelllng
among Lhemselves as Lo who should flrsL feed breasL mllk Lo Lhe chlld Seelng Lhelr quarrel Lhe
chlld appeared wlLh hls slx heads 1hls way all Lhe slx krlLlkas fed Lhelr breasL mllk Lo Lhe chlld
aL a Llme 1hls ls Lhe reason why karLlkeya has slx heads
AfLer Agnl came Lo know of karLlkeyas blrLh he proceeded Lo brlng hlm back home 8uL kuLlla
saw hlm on Lhe way and enqulred abouL hls [ourney When Agnl revealed hls lnLenLlon she
sLarLed quarrelllng wlLh hlm for karLlkeyas cusLody Meanwhlle Lord vlshnu arrlved Lhere and
enqulred regardlng Lhelr quarrelllng Lord vlshnu afLer belng Lold Lhe reason advlsed Lhem Lo
Lake Lord Shlvas help as he was Lhe besL [udge on such maLLers
8oLh kuLlla and Agnl wenL Lo Lord Shlva and Lrled Lo geL hls consenL uma advlsed Lord Shlva
by saylng All of us musL go Lo LhaL place where Lhe chlld ls llvlng and Lry Lo know as Lo whom
he would llke Lo have as hls guardlan All of Lhem wenL Lo LhaL reed foresL and found karLlkeya
ln Lhe lap of one of Lhe krlLlkas
karLlkeya knew abouL Lhelr deslres Seelng Lhem worrled he manlfesLed ln four dlfferenL
appearances of kumar vlshakh Shakh and Mahasen kumar wenL Lowards Lord Shlva whlle
vlshakh wenL Lowards uma Slmllarly Shakh wenL Lowards kuLlla whlle Mahasen wenL Lowards
Agnl 1hus everybody was saLlsfled Lord Shlva Lhen blessed Lhe krlLlkas by saylng LhaL
karLlkeya would become famous derlvlng hls name from Lhem All Lhe delLles arrlved Lhere and declded
Lo make karLlkeya Lhe chlef commander of Lhelr army
kA81lkL?A klLLS 1A8AkA Anu MAPlSPASu8A
AfLer belng appolnLed as Lhe chlef commander of Lhe delLles karLlkeya soughL hls guardlans
permlsslon Lo klll Lhe demons 1araka and Mahlshasura All Lhe delLles lncludlng Lord vlshnu
blessed karLlkeya and wlshed for hls vlcLory Lord vlshnu euloglsed karLlkeya and pralsed hls
vallance
karLlkeya Lhen proceeded wlLh a huge army comprlslng of Canas and krlLlkas karLlkeya had Laken an
aerlal rouLe so LhaL he could reach hls enemles LerrlLory as soon as posslble 1he Canas dlsgulsed as
blrds followed hlm
As Lhey were abouL Lo reach Lhelr enemys place karLlkeya requesLed Lhe Canas Lo descend Lo Lhe
earLh 1he Canas followed hls lnsLrucLlon and descended Lo Lhe earLh maklng a Lhunderous nolse
Some demons llke Mahlsh 1araka vlrochan !ambh and ku[ambh heard Lhls nolse and wenL Lo
Andhak Lo lnform hlm abouL lL
As Lhe demons were Lrylng Lo flnd ouL Lhe cause of Lhe nolse a demon aLalkeLu arrlved Lhere ln
an ln[ured condlLlon 1he demons were surprlsed and asked how he goL ln[ured aLalkeLu
narraLlng Lhe lncldenL sald l had enLered sage Calavs hermlLage ln Lhe gulse of a boar wlLh Lhe
lnLenLlon of kllllng hlm Suddenly an arrow plerced my body l ran Lowards Lhe seacoasL Lo save
my llfe where l found large number of people who were plannlng Lo klll Mahlshasura and
1araka l have come here Lo lnform you abouL Lhelr plan l am very scared and worrled Andhak
assured Lhem LhaL Lhere was noLhlng Lo worry abouL as boLh Mahlshasura and 1araka were mlghLy
and lL was noL an easy Lask for anybody Lo klll Lhem
When Mahlshasura and 1araka came Lo know abouL Lhls Lhey lmmedlaLely seL ouL wlLh a huge
army Lowards Lhe seacoasL An lnLense baLLle commenced ln whlch boLh Lhe sldes foughL
vallanLly 1he Canas and Lhe MaLrlkas launched a severe aLLack on Lhe enemy wlLh all Lhe
weapons Lhey had aL Lhelr dlsposal 8uL Lhe demons remalned unaffecLed and Lhelr assaulL was
Loo much for Lhe Canas Lo bear
AfLer defeaLlng Lhe Canas Mahlshasura menaclngly ran Lowards karLlkeya Suchakraksh who
was flghLlng from karLlkeyas slde unleashed hls chakra Lo sLop Mahlshasura Mahlshasura
reLallaLed by aLLacklng Lhe chakra wlLh hls mace buL hls mace was cuL lnLo pleces by Lhe chakra
AfLer desLroylng Lhe mace Suchakrakshs chakra chased Mahlshasura When 8anasura saw
Mahlshasuras llfe ln danger he came forward Lo help hlm Pe aLLacked Lhe chakra wlLh hls 300
hands and grabbed Suchakraksh wlLh Lhe remalnlng 300 Seelng Suchakraksh ln danger
Makaraksh hlL 8anasura on hls head wlLh hls mace SeeLhlng ln paln 8anasura lmmedlaLely
released Suchakraksh
Seelng hls army defeaLed 1araka came forward Lo flghL wlLh a sword Pe foughL vallanLly and
defeaLed Lhe Canas and Lhe MaLrlkas ln a very shorL Llme 1he defeaLed Canas Look Lhe refuge of
karLlkeya When karLlkeya saw 1araka chaslng Lhe Canas he kllled hlm wlLh hls weaponShakLl 1arakas
deaLh scared Mahlshasura and 8anasura 1o save hls llfe Mahlshasura ran away
Lowards Plmalaya MounLaln whlle 8anasura hld hlmself ln Lhe ocean karLlkeya chased Mahlshasura as a
resulL of whlch he was forced Lo abandon Plmalaya Mahlshasura now Look
refuge ln a cave of Lhe kraunch MounLaln Seelng Lhe demon belng proLecLed by hls maLernal
cousln Cuh (cave) karLlkeya was ln a dllemma Pe knew LhaL lf he aLLacked Mahlshasura lnslde
Lhe cave Lhen hls cousln Cuh mlghL geL hurL Pe walLed for Mahlshasura Lo come ouL Lord
8rahma Lord vlshnu and Lord Mahesh appeared and advlsed karLlkeya Lo klll Lhe demon lndra
Loo advlsed hlm Lhe same 8uL karLlkeya dld noL pay heed and Lold Lhem LhaL he would klll
Mahlshasura only afLer he came ouL from Lhe cave
lurlous lndra Lold karLlkeya LhaL a man dld noL become a slnner lf he kllled one person Lo
safeguard hls communlLys lnLeresL Clvlng hls own lnsLance he narraLed as Lo how he had kllled
hls own broLher namuchl 8uL karLlkeya was noL convlnced and refused Lo acL accordlng Lo
lndras lnsLrucLlon very soon Lhelr argumenLs Lurned lnLo a ma[or dlspuLe when lndra boasLed of
hls sLrengLh karLlkeya challenged hlm for a duel lndra proposed a plan accordlng Lo whlch
whoever clrcumambulaLed Lhe kraunch MounLaln flrsL would be consldered as Lhe wlnner
When karLlkeya reLurned afLer clrcumambulaLlng kraunch MounLaln he found lndra slLLlng
Lhere lurlously he asked lndra why he was seaLed lndra replled LhaL he was Lhe wlnner as he
had already flnlshed clrcumambulaLlng Lhe kraunch 8oLh of Lhem quarrelled buL were noL able
Lo declde Lhe wlnner So boLh of Lhem wenL Lo Lord 8rahma Lord vlshnu and 8rahma Lo Lake
Lhelr help Lord vlshnu advlsed Lhem LhaL only kraunch MounLaln could declde Lhe wlnner 8oLh
of Lhem wenL Lo kraunch MounLaln and requesLed hlm Lo Lell as Lo who Lhe wlnner was kraunch
MounLaln sald lndra ls Lhe wlnner slnce he was Lhe flrsL Lo clrcumambulaLe me karLlkeya
became furlous and aLLacked kraunch MounLaln wlLh hls ShakLl as a resulL of whlch Lhe greaL
mounLaln was fragmenLed lnLo pleces Mahlshasura who was hldlng ln Lhe cave of kraunch
MounLaln was also crushed Lo deaLh
LaLer on karLlkeya felL very sorry for havlng kllled hls maLernal cousln Cuh and afLer belng
advlsed by Lord vlshnu he wenL Lo rlLhudak 1lrLha Lo aLone for hls sln
8l1uuPWA! ln!u8LS A1ALkL1u
klng 8lpu[eeL a descendanL of 8aghu llved wlLh hls vallanL and brave son named 8lLudhwa[
8lLudhwa[ belng a vlrLuous prlnce LhoughL lL as hls duLy Lo proLecL all Lhe sages and hermlLs
under hls proLecLlon Lhe sages performed Lhelr rellglous duLles wlLhouL any problem
uurlng 8lpu[eeLs relgn a greaL sage Calav llved ln hls hermlLage dolng penance A demon
named aLalkeLu used Lo LormenL hlm AlLhough Calav was capable of burnlng aLalkeLu Lo deaLh
yeL he heslLaLed Lo do so for Lhe fear of loslng hls vlrLuoslLy Cne day sage Calav was
conLemplaLlng on Lhe means Lo geL rld of aLalkeLus Lerror LacLlcs buL was unable Lo flnd any
soluLlon and leL ouL a deep slgh ln frusLraLlon Pe was amazed Lo see a horse falllng from Lhe sky
As he was looklng Lowards Lhe sky he heard a heavenly volce 1hls horse can Lravel Lhousands
of ?o[ans ln a slngle day Clve Lhls horse Lo 8lLudhwa[ who wlll solve your problems
As per Lhe lnsLrucLlons of LhaL heavenly volce Calav presenLed LhaL horse Lo 8lLudhwa[ and
engaged hlmself ln penance 1hls horse was senL by a Candharva klng named vlshwavasu wlLh a
speclal purpose vlshwavasu had a beauLlful daughLer named Madalasa lnfaLuaLed by her beauLy Lhe
demon aLalkeLu had abducLed her Lo aLal loka Pe wanLed Lo marry her buL
Madalasa re[ecLed hls advances vlshwavasu knew LhaL only 8lLudhwa[ was capable of kllllng
aLalkeLu so he presenLed LhaL horse Lo sage Calav wlLh Lhe lnsLrucLlon LhaL lL should be glven Lo
8lLudhwa[
8lLudhwa[ wenL Lo aLal loka on LhaL horse and foughL a flerce baLLle ln whlch aLalkeLu was
serlously ln[ured 8lLudhwa[ released Madalasa from aLalkeLus capLlvlLy and marrled her
LC8u SPlvA uCLS LnAnCL
Lord Shlva was so deeply aLLached Lo uma LhaL for 1000 years he was possessed by only her
LhoughLs Pe forgoL abouL hls duLles and as a resulL Lhere was anarchy all over Lhe world Pls
obsesslon wlLh uma had also decreased hls radlance Pe declded Lo do penance wlLh Lhe
ob[ecLlve of regalnlng hls radlance
When uma came Lo know abouL hls declslon she was unhappy buL Lord Shlva consoled her by
relaLlng Lhe slgnlflcance of hls declslon 8efore leavlng he enLrusLed Lhe responslblllLy of her
securlLy Lo nandl Pe sLarLed wanderlng ln search of a sulLable place for dolng penance
SomeLlmes he dld penance under Lhe Lree someLlmes on Lhe mounLaln peaks and someLlmes on
Lhe banks of a rlver lnlLlally he used Lo eaL only kand and Moola buL laLer on he sLopped eaLlng
even LhaL and llved only on alr 1hls way 900 years passed durlng whlch he Lravelled Lo all Lhe
Lhree lokas
ulLlmaLely he even sLopped breaLhlng Pe lnserLed a small wooden block ln hls mouLh Lo sLop Lhe
alr from enLerlng hls body 1hls acL of Shlva resulLed ln Lhe Lremendous generaLlon of energy
lnslde hls body as a resulL of whlch LhaL wooden block blasLed off Lhrough hls skull and fell on
Lhe Plmalaya MounLaln wlLh such force LhaL Lhe wooden block levelled numerous peaks of
Plmalaya MounLaln Lo Lhe ground 1he famous place of pllgrlmage kedarnaLh ls slLuaLed aL Lhls
very place
AfLer LhaL Lord Shlva dld a severe penance by lmmerslng hls whole body ln Lhe waLers of
SaraswaLl rlver Pe remalned lmmersed ln Lhe waLer for one compleLe year and dld noL come ouL
All Lhe seven worlds lncludlng Lhe oceans and Lhe mounLalns sLarLed shaklng vlolenLly 1he sLars
and Lhe nakshaLras sLarLed falllng down on Lhe earLh Curlous Lo know why Lhls happened Lhe
worrled delLles wenL Lo Lord 8rahma Lven Lord 8rahma could noL saLlsfy Lhelr curloslLy as he
had no answer All of Lhem Lhen wenL Lo Lord vlshnu buL he Loo was noL aware of Lhe reason
All Lhe delLles lncludlng Lord vlshnu Lhen wenL Lo Mandar arvaL Lo see Lord Shlva 8uL Lhey
were surprlsed Lo flnd ouL LhaL nelLher Lord Shlva nor uma were presenL Lhere Lord vlshnu was
aware of Lord Shlvas penance ln Lhe SaraswaLl rlver uue Lo Lhe sln of causlng Mrldanls foeLus
Lo aborL Lhe delLles could noL know Lhe facL behlnd Lhls sLrange evenL
1he delLles Lhen performed Lhe mosL ausLere 1apLakrlchcha vraLa Lo aLone for Lhelr sln Lord
vlshnu Lhen gave Lhem a gllmpse of Shlvallnga whlch manlfesLed ln hls hearL All Lhe delLles
agaln worshlpped LhaL Shlvallnga and made offerlngs Lord vlshnu Lhen Look Lhem Lo
kuruksheLra where Lord Shlva was dolng hls penance ln Lhe waLers of SaraswaLl 1he delLles euloglsed
Lord Shlva by saylng S1PAnAvL nAMAP and lndra requesLed hlm Lo sLop dolng
hls penance as Lhe whole world was ln Lurbulence Lord Shlva accepLed Lhelr requesL wlLh a smlle
and dlsconLlnued wlLh hls penance
Lven afLer Lord Shlva had sLopped dolng hls penance Lhe earLh conLlnued Lo shake vlolenLly
Surprlsed he sLarLed wanderlng here and Lhere Lo know Lhe LruLh behlnd Lhls Lurbulence Pe
found sage Shukracharya dolng penance on Lhe bank of rlver CghavaLl wlLh Lhe ob[ecLlve of
learnlng Lhe mosL secreL MrlLsan!lvanl vldya Lord Shlva blessed hlm and hls deslre was fulfllled
buL Lhe earLh sLlll conLlnued Lo shake vlolenLly Lord Shlva Lhen proceeded Lowards SapLasaraswaL
where he found sage Mankanak was danclng ln [oy and hls sLeps were causlng Lhe earLh Lo shake
Sage Mankanak had acqulred Lremendous vlrLues due Lo hls severe penance and as a resulL
lnsLead of blood vegeLaLlve [ulce secreLed from hls wound Pe had become arroganL and LhoughL
LhaL lL happened only because of hls penance Lord Shlva Lhen subdued hls arrogance by causlng
wound on hls flnger from whlch ashes poured ouL Sage Mankanak was ashamed of hlmself and
sLopped danclng and Lhe earLh became calm once agaln
LC8u vlSPnu klLLS Mu8A
Mura was Lhe AuraspuLra of sage kashyapa and uanu When he saw Lhe demons belng
vanqulshed by Lhe delLles he wenL Lo do penance wlLh Lhe ob[ecLlve of geLLlng boons from Lord
8rahma When Lord 8rahma appeared before hlm he sald C lord! 8less me wlLh a boon
whlch enables me Lo klll anybody merely by Lhe Louch of my hand Lord 8rahma blessed hlm
and sald So be lL
CeLLlng Lhls boon made Mura very arroganL Pe challenged Lhe delLles ?akshas and klnnars Lo
flghL hlm buL nobody accepLed hls challenge as Lhey were scared of hls power Pe Lhen enLered
AmravaLl lndras caplLal and challenged lndra for a duel lndra became Lerrlfled and abandoned
hls abode heaven now Mura became Lhe lord of heaven and very soon he lnvlLed Lhe oLher
demons Lo [oln hlm ln heaven
Cnce Mura challenged a klng named 8aghu who was proflclenL ln rlLuals for a duel AL LhaL
Llme 8aghu was busy performlng hls ?agya Pe admonlshed Mura by saylng WhaL ls Lhe greaL
deal ln flghLlng wlLh Lhe morLals? lf you are really LhaL brave Lhen you should defeaL ?amara[
1he arroganL Mura Lhen wenL Lo ?ama loka and challenged ?ama ?ama was aware of Lord
8rahmas boon glven Lo Mura So he wenL Lo Lake Lord vlshnus help Lord vlshnu advlsed hlm
Lo send Mura Lo vlshnu loka by any means
?ama reLurned Lo hls abode where he found Mura walLlng for hlm Pe sald l am ready Lo
accepL your auLhorlLy on Lhe condlLlon LhaL you proLecL me from Lhe wraLh of my former masLer
Mura curlously asked ?ama as Lo who hls former masLer was ?ama Lhen Lold hlm LhaL hls
former masLer was none oLher Lhan Lord vlshnu and he llved ln ksheersagar Mura Lhen wenL Lo
ksheersagar Lo flghL Lord vlshnu
When Mura reached ksheersagar Lord vlshnu asked hlm Lhe reason for hls arrlval Mura
confldenLly sald LhaL he had come Lo flghL hlm Lord vlshnu had worked ouL an excellenL plan Lo
klll Mura and Lhe Llme had now arrlved for lLs lmplemenLaLlon Lord vlshnu sald lf you have come Lo
flghL me Lhen why are you Lrembllng wlLh fear and why ls your hearL beaLlng so fasL? l
do noL flghL cowards lurlous aL Lord vlshnus words Mura puL hls hand on hls own chesL Lo
convlnce Lord vlshnu LhaL hls hearLbeaL was normal 1he momenL he puL hls hand on hls chesL
he fell down and flndlng Lhe momenL opporLune Lord vlshnu kllled hlm wlLh Lhe chakra
uLSC8l1lCn Cl PLLLS
Lord 8rahma on belng enqulred by SanaLkumar on Lhe dlfferenL hells sald 1hose who have llllclL
relaLlonshlp or are ln Lhe company of slnners go Lo Lhe flrsL hell lelllng of Lrees and sLeallng Lhe frulLs of
oLhers Lree lead Lo Lhe second hell eople who klll creaLures unworLhy of kllllng and Lhose who quarrel
over properLy dlspuLe go Lo Lhlrd hell 1errorlslng Lhe llvlng creaLures and devlaLlng from ones own
rellglon
lead Lo Lhe fourLh hell 8ehavlng decelLfully wlLh frlends and Laklng false oaLh lead Lo Lhe flfLh hell
keeplng
somebody ln capLlvlLy and causlng hurdles ln Lhe paLh of oLhers would lead Lo Lhe slxLh hell SLeallng of
royal properLy or copulaLlng wlLh Lhe queen leads Lo Lhe sevenLh hell Creed and mlsuse of hard earned
money lead Lo Lhe elghLh hell SLeallng of 8rahmlns properLy and condemnlng oLhers lead Lo Lhe nlnLh
hell eople who lack courLesy or who sLeal sacred LexLs go Lo Lhe LenLh hell AlLogeLher Lord 8rahma
descrlbed abouL 16 hells
klnC uAnuA Anu A8A!A
AnuPAkASu8A 1PL uLMCn
narada asks sage ulasLya WhaL dld Lhe demon Andhak do afLer enLerlng aLal loka and how
was Lord Shlvas llfe aL Mandar MounLaln? ulasLya says Andhak was lnfaLuaLed by Clrl[as
dlvlne beauLy and hls lusL only became sLronger as Lhe days passed by AlLhough rahlada Lrled
very hard Lo convlnce hlm and narraLed Lhe Lale of hls blrLh whlch happened only because of
Lord Shlvas blesslng Cnce Lord Shlva was engrossed ln medlLaLlon when uma playfully shuL
all hls Lhree eyes and Lhe whole aLmosphere was covered ln darkness An enLlLy manlfesLed from
LhaL darkness who was presenLed Lo Plranyaksh and who laLer on became famous as Andhak
rahlada also Lold hlm LhaL hls lusL for hls own moLher (arvaLl) was llcenLlous and mosL
lmmoral
ln order Lo dlssuade Andhak from golng ahead wlLh hls lmmoral lnLenLlon rahlada narraLed a
sLory whlch descrlbed Lhe desLrucLlon of an lmmoral klng named uanda Sage Shukracharya
was Lhe royal prlesL of klng uanda who performed all Lhe rellglous rlLes Pe had a daughLer
named Ara[a Cnce Shukracharya had gone Lo meeL Lhe demon vrlshparva and sLayed Lhere for
some days klng uanda wenL Lo Shukracharyas hermlLage Lo flnd ouL Lhe reasons for hls absence
Pe saw Ara[a and became enchanLed by her beauLy Pe expressed hls deslres Lo Ara[a LhaL he
wanLed her aL any cosL Ara[a Lrled Lo dlssuade hlm by saylng LhaL hls lmmoral acLlon would
amounL Lo commlLLlng Lreachery Lowards hls Curu Shukracharya She also Lrled Lo scare hlm by
clLlng abouL her faLhers rage whlch even Lhe delLles feared klng uanda Lhen narraLed Lhls Lale Lo
force her Lo accepL hls proposal
vlshwakarma had a beauLlful daughLer ChlLrangada Cnce she had gone Lo Lake baLh ln Lhe
rlver wlLh her companlons Suddenly klng SuraLh arrlved Lhere and belng lnfaLuaLed by her
beauLy became loveslck Seelng hls plLlable condlLlon ChlLrangada offered herself Lo hlm desplLe
her companlons ob[ecLlon AfLer narraLlng Lhls sLory klng uanda asked Ara[a Lo follow Lhe example of
ChlLrangada 8uL
she sald ?ou have narraLed only half Lhe sLory l wlll Lell you whaL happened afLer LhaL She
Lhen Lold Lhls sLory 1he lmmoral acL of ChlLrangada had angered her faLher and he cursed her
LhaL her marrled llfe would be unsuccessful Cne day klng SuraLh was drowned by Lhe powerful
currenL of Lhe SaraswaLl ChlLrangada falnLed as she could noL bear Lhe sorrow of her husbands
separaLlon AfLer regalnlng her consclousness she looked all around buL could noL flnd her
husband Cnce agaln she became unconsclous and fell ln Lhe SaraswaLl rlver 1he powerful
currenLs of SaraswaLl drowned her and she was ulLlmaLely Lhrown ln ComLl rlver ComLls currenL
abandoned her near a foresL lnhablLed by feroclous llons
AfLer narraLlng her sLory Ara[a Lold klng uanda LhaL she would cerLalnly noL accepL hls proposal
as she dld noL wanL Lo meeL Lhe same faLe as LhaL of ChlLrangada 1he klng Lold her LhaL Lhe sLory
was sLlll lncompleLe and narraLed Lhe followlng Lale
When ChlLrangada regalned her consclousness she found herself ln a dense foresL Seelng her
ln a sorrowful mood An[an a Cuhyak consoled her by saylng LhaL very soon she would reunlLe
wlLh her husband Pe also advlsed her Lo go on a pllgrlmage Lo SrlkanLh ChlLrangada wenL Lo
SrlkanLh slLuaLed Lowards Lhe souLh of rlver kallndl AfLer Laklng a baLh ln kallndl rlver she
vlslLed Lhe SrlkanLh Lemple and worshlpped Lord Maheshwar
Meanwhlle a sage arrlved Lhere and seelng ChlLrangada querled abouL her sLaylng ln a deserLed
place ChlLrangada narraLed Lhe whole sLory as Lo how she was cursed by her own faLher 1he
sage became exLremely furlous afLer hearlng her woeful Lale and cursed vlshwakarma Lo become
a monkey Pe also advlsed her Lo go Lo SapLagodavar and engage ln Lhe worshlp of Lord
PaLkeshwar where one day she would meeL uevavaLl Lhe daughLer of demon kandarmall
ChlLrangada wenL Lo SapLagodavar and engaged herself ln Lhe worshlp of Lord PaLkeshwar 1he
sage wroLe Lhe followlng llnes on Lhe walls of SrlkanLh Lemple ls Lhere anybody who could
llberaLe Lhls beauLlful glrl from her sorrow?
AfLer LhaL Lhe sage proceeded on hls pllgrlmage Lo ushkarnaLh
vlSPWAkA8MA 8LCCMLS A MCnkL?
ConLlnulng wlLh hls sLory klng uanda says ChlLrangada sLayed for a long perlod aL
SapLagodavar She used Lo spend Llme by engaglng ln Lhe worshlp of Lord PaLkeshwar walLlng
for Lhe day she would meeL her husband vlshwakarma had become a monkey due Lo Lhe curse of
LhaL sage and sLarLed llvlng aL Shalveya MounLaln
Cne day a demon named kandarmall arrlved aL Lhe fooLhllls of Shalveya MounLaln accompanled
by hls daughLer vedavaLl 1he monkey (vlshwakarma) held vedavaLl by her hand kandarmall
became furlous and Look ouL hls sword Lo klll Lhe monkey
Senslng danger Lhe monkey ran away Lowards Plmalaya MounLaln carrylng vedavaLl ln hls lap
kandarmall chased hlm Cn Lhe way Lhe monkey abandoned vedavaLl aL Lhe door of a secluded
hermlLage and hld hlmself ln Lhe waLers of rlver kallndl buL was drowned kandarmall had seen Lhe
monkey drownlng and con[ured LhaL hls daughLer Loo mlghL have drowned along wlLh hlm
Pe reLurned Lo hls abode ln a remorseful mood
1he feroclous currenL of kallndl rlver carrled LhaL monkey Lo a famous place called Shlvl AfLer
regalnlng hls consclousness he reLurned Lo Lhe place where he had lefL vedavaLl AfLer reachlng
LhaL spoL he found An[an accompanled by hls daughLer nandayanLl Lreadlng along Pe mlsLook
nandayanLl for vedavaLl and ran Lowards her Senslng danger nandayanLl [umped lnLo Lhe
PlranvaLl 8lver and was carrled by lLs feroclous currenL Lo kaushal When she regalned her
consclousness nandayanLl found herself near a large 8anyan Lree SlLLlng on Lhe rock ln a
LhoughLful mood she heard a heavenly volce ls Lhere anybody who could lnform sage 8lLdhwa[
abouL hls sons capLlvlLy and who has been Lled Lo Lhls 8anyan Lree? nandayanLl was surprlsed Lo
flnd a 3 year old chlld belng Lled Lo Lhe LopmosL branch of Lhe 8anyan Lree Cn belng enqulred
Lhe chlld Lold her My name ls !aball Sage 8lLdhwa[ ls my faLher who has blessed me wlLh 3000
years of chlldhood blrLh 10000 years of adolescence and 20 years of adulLhood respecLlvely
8uL he had also warned me of belng held capLlve for Lhe perlod of 300 years durlng my
chlldhood Cne day l had gone Lo Lake baLh ln Lhe PlranvaLl 8lver when suddenly l came across
a huge monkey who enslaved me l am llvlng here ln capLlvlLy slnce Lhen
AfLer narraLlng hls sLory !aball enqulred abouL nandayanLls ldenLlLy nandayanLl Lold
everyLhlng whlch had happened Lo her !aball advlsed her Lo go Lo SrlkanLh Lemple slLuaLed on
Lhe bank of rlver ?amuna and sald 1here you would meeL my faLher 8lLdhwa[ who comes Lo
Lhe Lemple dally ln Lhe afLernoon Lo worshlp Lord Shlva ?ou can seek hls help nandayanLl
wenL Lo 8lLdhwa[s hermlLage as per Lhe lnsLrucLlon of !aball Cne day whlle she was worshlpplng
ln Lhe SrlkanLh Lemple she saw Lhose llnes lnscrlbed by Lhe sage who had once cursed her
faLher vlshwakarma She added one more llne Lo LhaL lnscrlpLlon Sage Mudgal had
propheslsed LhaL l would become a queen lnsLead of becomlng a queen l am golng Lhrough my
mosL LurbulenL perlod ls Lhere anyone who could help me ouL?
AfLer LhaL she wenL Lo Lhe bank of rlver ?amuna where she found a beauLlful hermlLage She
enLered lnslde Lhe hermlLage and found vedavaLl slLLlng Lhere very soon boLh of Lhem became
fasL frlends ln Lhe meanLlme sage 8lLdhwa[ had gone Lo offer prayers ln Lhe SrlkanLh Lemple and
saw Lhose llnes lnscrlbed on lLs walls Pe wenL lnLo deep conLemplaLlon and undersLood whaL
Lhose llnes meanL AfLer worshlpplng he lefL for Ayodhya where he meL klng lkshvaku Pe
requesLed lkshvaku Lo lnsLrucL hls son Shakunl Lo release !aball from Lhe monkeys capLlvlLy
lkshvaku lnsLrucLed hls son Lo fulfll sage 8lLdhwa[s deslre All Lhree of Lhem lncludlng lkshvaku
wenL Lo Lhe slLe of !aballs capLlvlLy Shakunl belng a masLer archer cuL all Lhe creepers LhaL had
grown around !aball Sage 8lLdhwa[ cllmbed up Lhe Lree and found LhaL !aball was Lled Lo Lhe
branch Pe Lrled Lo open Lhe knoL buL was unsuccessful and called Shakunl for help Shakunl Lrled
hard Lo open Lhe knoL buL even he was unsuccessful Pe Lhen cuL LhaL branch lnLo Lhree pleces by
unleashlng a volley of arrows 1hus !aball became free albelL parLlally as he was burdened wlLh
Lhe Lhree pleces of LhaL branch
SLA8CP lC8 CPl18AnCAuA Anu vLuAvA1l
ln Lhe meanLlme boLh daughLers of ?aksha and Lhe demon arrlved aL SrlkanLh Mahadeva Lemple
and engaged Lhemselves ln Lhe worshlp of lord Mahadeva Cne day sage Calav arrlved aL Lhe Lemple
and was asLonlshed Lo flnd Lwo young ladles aL such a deserLed place Whlle Laklng baLh
he heard Lhe melodlous songs of Lhe Lwo ladles Pe became convlnced of Lhelr dlvlnlLy as lL was
lmposslble for morLals Lo slng wlLh such experLlse
AfLer Lhe worshlp sage Calav asked Lhem Lhelr ldenLlLy who Lhen narraLed Lhe whole sLory 1he
nexL mornlng as Calav was abouL Lo leave boLh of Lhem requesLed hlm Lo Lake Lhem along All
Lhree of Lhem Lhen lefL for ushkar 1lrLha AfLer reachlng Lhelr desLlnaLlon sage Calav declded Lo
Lake a dlp ln Lhe holy rlver Whlle Laklng baLh he saw many female flsh Lrylng Lo coax Lhelr male
counLerparLs lnLo maklng love by saylnglf sage Calav ls noL afrald of belng ln Lhe company of
young women Lhen whaL makes you so scared ln copulaLlng wlLh us? 1he male flsh replled LhaL
he was afrald of geLLlng rldlculed by Lhe publlc Sage Calav was so ashamed of hls conducL LhaL
he dld noL come ouL of Lhe rlver
8oLh ladles walLed anxlously for sage Calav Suddenly ChlLrangada arrlved and was surprlsed Lo
see sLrangers sLandlng Lhere All Lhree of Lhem were looklng aL each oLher wlLh surprlsed
expresslons on Lhelr face when vedavaLl arrlved Lhere suddenly She wenL near ChlLrangada and
enqulred abouL her ldenLlLy ChlLrangada narraLed Lhe whole sLory and revealed how
clrcumsLances had forced her Lo reach Lhls place ln a very shorL Llme all four of Lhem became
well acqualnLed wlLh one anoLher 1hey wenL Lo PaLkeshwar Lemple slLuaLed on Lhe banks of
SapLagodavar 8lver and worshlpped Lord PaLkeshwar 1hey sLarLed llvlng ln Lhe Lemple
premlses and spenL Lhelr Llme ln Lhe dally worshlp of Lord PaLkeshwar
Cn Lhe oLher slde Shakunl !aball and 8lLdhwa[ were anxlously searchlng Lhem uurlng Lhe
search !aball wenL Lo Shakal !anpad accompanled by hls faLher 8lLdhwa[ AL LhaL Llme Shakal
!anpad was ruled by lndradyumna Lhe son of Manu AfLer meeLlng hlm 8lLdhwa[ soughL hls
help ln flndlng hls losL daughLer nandayanLl lndradyumna Lold hlm C 8rahmln! Lven l have
losL my daughLer and donL know where she ls aL presenL So all Lhree of us musL go ln search of
our respecLlve daughLers AfLer saylng Lhls all Lhree of Lhem declded Lo proceed ahead ln search
of Lhelr daughLer
When Lhey reached 8adrlkashrama Lhey were amazed Lo flnd a young man engaged ln ausLere
penance AfLer formal lnLroducLlon lL dawned on lndradyumna LhaL Lhe young sage was hls own
nephew SuraLh lndradyumna requesLed hls nephew Lo [oln hlm ln searchlng hls daughLer
8lLdhwa[ Lold SuraLh 1he glrl for whom you are dolng such ausLere penance had been Laken by
me Lo SapLagodavar Come wlLh me and l wlll help you Lo reunlLe wlLh her All of Lhem Lhen
lefL for SapLagodavar
ln Lhe meanLlme as ChrlLachl uevavaLls moLher arrlved aL udayglrl MounLaln Lo where she
came across a monkey and enqulred lf he had seen her daughLer 1he monkey Lold Lhe frall
looklng ChrlLachl LhaL he had Laken a young woman named uevavaLl Lo a hermlLage near
SrlkanLh Lemple ChrlLachl revealed Lo Lhe monkey LhaL Lhe glrl whom he was referrlng as
uevavaLl was acLually her daughLer vedavaLl She requesLed Lhe monkey Lo help her ln locaLlng
her losL daughLer ChrlLachl proceeded Lowards rlver kaushlkl ln search of vedavaLl followed by
Lhe monkey AfLer reachlng Lhere ChrlLachl Look a holy dlp ln Lhe waLers of kaushlkl ln Lhe meanLlme
!aball and 8lLdhwa[ Loo had reached Lhe banks of rlver kaushlkl When !aball
saw LhaL monkey he Lold hls faLher 8lLdhwa[ by polnLlng hls flnger Lowards LhaL monkey 1hls
ls Lhe same monkey who had enslaved me and Lled me up wlLh creepers Shakunl Lhe masLer
archer became furlous and soughL 8lLdhwa[s permlsslon Lo klll LhaL monkey 8lLdhwa[ paclfled
hlm by saylng 8ondage ls because of your pasL karmas so lL ls useless Lo klll Lhls poor
monkey
Pe Lhen requesLed Lhe monkey Lo free hls son !aball from Lhe welghL of Lhe Lhree branches
whlch were sLlll Lled Lo hls body 1he monkey opened Lhe knoLs and !aball was now absoluLely
free 8lLdhwa[ was pleased and wanLlng Lo bless Lhe monkey sald ?ou can demand anyLhlng
from me l am wllllng Lo fulfll any of your wlshes 1he monkey replled by saylng C greaL
sage! uldnL you recognlse Lhls unforLunaLe monkey? l am ChlLranagadas faLher whom you had
cursed Lo become a monkey 8less me LhaL l become llberaLed from all my slns 8lLdhwa[
blessed Lhe monkey and sald ?ou would be llberaLed from all your slns Lhe day you procreaLe
a chlld from ChrlLachl ?ou would also regaln your human body on LhaL day 1he monkey
became pleased afLer recelvlng Lhe blesslngs
ln course of Llme ChrlLachl became aware of Lhe monkeys real ldenLlLy and developed physlcal
lnLlmacy wlLh lL AL flrsL boLh of Lhem sLayed aL kolahal MounLaln buL laLer on Lhey shlfLed Lo
vlndhya MounLaln
Meanwhlle Lhe group of flve people 8lLdhwa[ !aball Shakunl lndradyumna and SuraLh reached
SapLagodavar 1lrLha All of Lhem goL down from Lhe charloL and Look baLh ln Lhe holy rlver 1he
LhlrsLy horses quenched Lhelr LhlrsL and saLlsfled Lhelr hunger by grazlng on Lhe green grass AfLer
saLlsfylng Lhelr hunger Lhe horses galloped Lowards PaLkeshwar Lemple When ChlLrangada and
her companlons heard Lhe galloplng sound Lhey cllmbed on Lop of Lhe Lemple and looked all
around ChlLrangada saw 8lLdhwa[ and hls companlons Laklng baLh and lmmedlaLely recognlsed
hlm Per companlon nandayanLl Loo recognlsed !aball 1hey were exLremely pleased and
cllmbed down from Lhe roofLop of Lhe Lemple 1hey worshlpped and euloglsed Lord PaLkeshwar
Lo express Lhelr graLlLude
AfLer someLlme 8lLdhwa[ and hls frlends arrlved aL Lhe Lemple Lo worshlp Lord PaLkeshwar Pe
recognlsed ChlLrangada and was pleased Lo meeL her ln Lhe meanLlme ChrlLachl and Lhe monkey
also arrlved Lhere ChrlLachl was pleased Lo meeL her daughLer vedavaLl and embraced her
8lLdhwa[ lnsLrucLed Lhe monkey Lo summon Cuhyak from Lhe An[an MounLaln kandarmall from
Lhe aLal loka and Lhe Candharva klng ar[anya from heaven respecLlvely
Cuhyak kandarmall and ar[anya arrlved aL Lhe PaLkeshwar Lemple and all Lhree of Lhem were
pleased Lo meeL Lhelr respecLlve daughLers ChlLrangada accuslng herself for her faLhers Lurnlng
lnLo a monkey Lrled Lo glve up her llfe 8uL 8lLdhwa[ consoled her by saylng LhaL her faLher
would regaln hls human body very soon ChrlLachl Loo approved hls sLaLemenL and sald AfLer
Len monLhs l would glve blrLh Lo a son and on LhaL same day your faLher would be llberaLed from
sage Calavs curse and regaln hls human body
AfLer Len monLhs ChrlLachl gave blrLh Lo a son who laLer on became famous as nala
vlshwakarma became llberaLed from Lhe curse and regalned hls human body ChlLrangada was
dellghLed Lo meeL her faLher A grand marrlage ceremony was organlsed aL SapLagodavar whlch
was wlLnessed by Lhe delLles Lhe Candharvas and Lhe demons ln Lhls marrlage ceremony sage
Calav performed Lhe rlLuals afLer whlch !aball was marrled Lo kandamalls daughLer
lndradyumna Lo vedavaLl Shakunl Lo Lhe ?akshas daughLer and SuraLh was marrled Lo
ChlLrangada AfLer Lhe marrlage ceremony everybody reLurned Lo Lhelr respecLlve places
AfLer compleLlng Lhls sLory klng uanda once agaln requesLed Ara[a Lo accepL hls proposal 8uL
she was noL convlnced and sald Say whaLever you llke buL l wlll never surrender Lo your evll
lnLenLlons
SACL SPuk8ACPA8?A Cu8SLS uAnuA
rahlada says 8llnded by lusL uanda forclbly breached Lhe modesLy of unrelenLlng Ara[a and
reLurned Lo hls palace Ara[a was saddened by Lhe lnablllLy Lo proLecL her chasLlLy and sLarLed
walllng
When Shukracharya reLurned Lo hls hermlLage he found Ara[a lylng down aL Lhe enLrance Pe
asked her abouL whaL Lransplred wlLh her Ara[a narraLed Lhe whole sLory whlch made
Shukracharya exLremely furlous and hls eyes were reddened due Lo hls anger Pe Lhundered
1he wlcked uanda would become a pauper afLer loslng hls wealLh and klngdom wlLhln a week
AfLer curslng uanda he lnsLrucLed hls daughLer Ara[a Lo do penance so LhaL she could become
llberaLed from her sln and hlmself wenL Lo aLal loka accompanled by hls dlsclples
Shukracharyas curse came Lrue and as a resulL uanda losL hls whole klngdom wlLhln a week
AfLer narraLlng Lhls sLory rahlada Lold Andhak Cn accounL of Lhe lmmoral deeds of klng
uanda Lhe delLles abandoned uandakarnya and lL was now lnhablLed by Lhe demons now lL
musL be clear Lo you LhaL a person who breaches a chasLe womans modesLy agalnsL her wlll ls
doomed Lo desLrucLlon Andhak you musL noL go ahead wlLh your evll lnLenLlon of marrylng
arvaLl because she ls Lord Shlvas consorL whose mlghL ls unmaLched
Andhak replled angrlly l have drlven ouL Lhe delLles from heaven Why should l geL scared of
Shlva who ls fasclnaLed by hls wlfes beauLy? rahlada Lrled hls besL Lo convlnce Andhak agalnsL
golng ahead wlLh hls evll plan buL lL had no effecL on hlm Andhak ordered hls lleuLenanL
Shambar Lo go Lo Mandar MounLaln and lnform Lord Shlva LhaL arvaLl should be glven Lo hlm
(Andhak) lf he (Lord Shlva) wanLed Lo remaln allve Shambar wenL Lo Mandar MounLaln wlLh
narraLed Andhaks deslre Lo Lord Shlva Pearlng Lhls Coddess arvaLl who was slLLlng besldes
Lord Shlva Lold Shambar LhaL she would agree Lo marry Andhak on Lhe condlLlon LhaL he defeaLs
Lord Shlva ln a baLLle Shambar reLurned and narraLed everyLhlng Lo Andhak now Andhaks
anger crossed all llmlLs and he ordered uuryodhan Lo prepare for Lhe war Andhaks huge army
was lnsLrucLed Lo assemble 1he whole aLmosphere reverberaLed wlLh Lhe sound of bugles and
war crles Andhak proceeded Lowards Mandar MounLaln wlLh a huge army whlch conslsLed of
mlghLy warrlors llke !ambh ku[ambh Shambar vlrochan uuryodhan and vrlshparva uesLlny
led Andhak Lowards hls own deaLh Lrap
LC8u SPlvA 8LA8LS lC8 1PL 8A11LLCAnAS 1P8CnC MAnuA8 MCun1Aln
ulasLya says When Lord Shlva became aware of Andhaks lmmlnenL aLLack he requesLed
nandl Lo summon all Lhe Canas who were more Lhan 700 crores ln number Some of Lhe
promlnenL Canas llke ashupaL kalmukh MahavraLl ulgambar Malnl MahapashupaL and
vrlshabhdhwa[ arrlved aL Mandar MounLaln Lo help Lord Shlva aL Lhe requesL of nandl
Cn seelng Lhe vallanL Cana ashupaL Lord Shlva embraced hlm whlch surprlsed all Lhe oLher
Canas 1hey were amazed aL Lhe speclal honor glven Lo hlm Lord Shlva reallsed Lhelr
asLonlshmenL and sald AlLhough all of you have greaL devoLlon Lowards me buL ln your
lgnorance you have shown dlsrespecL Lowards Lord vlshnu All of you excepL ashupaL donL
reallse LhaL boLh of us (Lord Shlva and vlshnu) are lnseparable and Lhere ls no dlfference
beLween us ashupaL ls aware of Lhls and hence he has been accorded Lhe hlghesL honor
Pavlng sald Lhls Lord Shlva revealed hls ma[esLlc form of Sadashlva Lo Lhe Canas 1he Canas
were bewlldered on seelng Lhe whole unlverse exlsLlng wlLhln Sadashlva Lord Sadashlva Lhen
Lransformed hls appearance lnLo LhaL of Lord vlshnu 1he Canas also vlewed Lhe forms of delLles
llke lndra Surya and Lord 8rahma eLc ln hlm 1hey were now convlnced LhaL boLh Lord Shlva
and Lord vlshnu were Lhe same 1he dawnlng of Lhls reallsaLlon llberaLed Lhem from Lhelr
lgnorance Lord Shlva blessed Lhe Canas and embraced Lhem All Lhe Canas Lhen Look Lhelr
poslLlon all around Mandar MounLaln and readled Lhemselves for Lhe forLhcomlng aLLack
1PL 8A11LL CCMMLnCLS
ulasLya says When Lhe Canas saw Andhaks army approachlng Lhe Mandar MounLaln Lhey
made a loud roar whlch reverberaLed Lhrough Lhe land and sky Pearlng Lhls roar Lord Canesha
became apprehenslve and wenL Lo Mandar MounLaln Lo ask Lord Shlva abouL Lhe orlgln of LhaL
Lremendous roar Lord Shlva Lold hlm l am golng Lo flghL a baLLle wlLh Andhak Lord Canesha
also expressed hls wllllngness Lo accompany hlm Lord Shlva Lhen enLrusLed Lhe [ob of arvaLls
securlLy Lo promlnenL MaLrlkas llke Mallnl !aya vl[aya Apara[lLa and !ayanLl Pe Lhen wenL Lo
flghL Andhak holdlng hls weapon LrldenL ln hls hand and mounLed on a bull 1he Canas made a
proLecLlve rlng and surrounded hlm from all sldes
ln a very shorL Llme boLh armles confronLed each oLher and a Lremendous baLLle began ln whlch
Lhe Canas crushed many demons Lo deaLh 1he demons reLallaLed by aLLacklng Lhem wlLh mace
and swords All Lhe delLles assembled ln Lhe sky Lo wlLness Lhls baLLle MahapashupaL aLLacked
Lhe demons wlLh such force LhaL lL caused greaL losses Lo Lhe enemy Cn seelng deaLh and
desLrucLlon caused ln Lhe demons camp 1uhunda Lhe mlghLy demon aLLacked Lhe Canas wlLh
hls mosL desLrucLlve weapon arldhl whlch scared Lhe Canas and Lhey fled 1hen Lord Canesha
came forward Lo flghL 1uhunda 1uhunda assaulLed hlm wlLh hls weapon arldhl buL lL
fragmenLed lnLo hundreds of pleces afLer dashlng agalnsL Caneshas belly Cn seelng Lhe
desLrucLlon of hls maLernal uncles mosL desLrucLlve weapon 8ahu came runnlng Lowards Lord
Canesha and held hlm LlghLly Lord Canesha ChaLodar and Sukeshl assaulLed hlm
slmulLaneously wlLh Lhelr respecLlve weapons WrlLhlng ln paln 8ahu lmmedlaLely released
Canesha Seelng Lhe Llme opporLune Lord Canesha severed 1uhundas head wlLh hls axe AfLer
kllllng 1uhunda Lord Canesha aLLacked Lhe demons buL Lhe aLLack was repulsed by Lhe mlghLy 8all ln
Lhls baLLle Lhe Canas were flnally able Lo annlhllaLe Lhe demons Shambar proLecLed
hlmself by Laklng Shukracharyas refuge and all Lhe survlvlng demons lncludlng Andhak
followed sulL
SPuk8ACPA8?A uSLS SAn!lvAnl vlu?A
Andhak wenL Lo Shukracharya and narraLed Lhe woeful Lale of demons defeaL Pe also requesLed
Shukracharya Lo help Lhe demons wln Lhe baLLle Shukracharya was de[ecLed buL he assured Lhe
demons LhaL he would make allve all Lhe dead demons wlLh Lhe help of San!lvanl vldya and
really all Lhe mlghLy demons llke !ambh ku[ambh eLc became allve once agaln
When nandl came Lo know abouL Lhls unbellevable lncldenL he wenL Lo Lord Shlva and lnformed
hlm Lord Shlva lnsLrucLed hlm Lo brlng Shukracharya by any means l shall conLrol hlm by my
?oglc power sald Lord Shlva nandl lnfllLraLed lnLo Lhe demons army buL Payakandhar spoLLed
hlm and Lrled Lo reslsL hls forward march nandl aLLacked Payakandhar wlLh hls va[ra as a resulL
of whlch he fell down unconsclous AfLer Lhls ku[ambh !ambh and some oLher demons ran
menaclngly Lowards nandl 1hey surrounded hlm from all sldes and sLarLed assaulLlng hlm
ruLhlessly Cn seelng nandl ln danger Lord 8rahma became very worrled and lnsLrucLed Lhe
delLles Lo help hlm
lndra and all Lhe oLher delLles [olned Lord Shlvas army and foughL bravely agalnsL Lhe demons
1he sudden enLry of Lhe delLles ln Lhe baLLlefleld had dlsLracLed Lhe aLLenLlon of Lhe demons and as
a resulL nandl goL an opporLunlLy Lo peneLraLe Lhrough Lhe rank and flles of demons army
ulLlmaLely he successfully accompllshed hls mlsslon and broughL Shukracharya Lo Lord Shlva
afLer abducLlng hlm Lord Shlva wasLed no Llme and swallowed Shukracharya lmmedlaLely 1he
nexL momenL Shukracharya found hlmself ln Lord Shlvas sLomach Shukracharya made franLlc
efforLs Lo come ouL of Lhe sLomach buL was unsuccessful 8elng helpless he sLarLed euloglslng
Lord Shlva AfLer becomlng pleased by Shukracharyas exLreme devoLlon Lord Shlva expressed
hls deslre Lo bless hlm wlLh a boon Shukracharya requesLed Lord Shlva Lo glve hlm a way so LhaL
he can come ouL from hls sLomach Lord Shlva agreed and asked hlm Lo come ouL lmmedlaLely
Shukracharya sLarLed searchlng for an exlL polnL buL was amazed by Lhe vasLness of Shlvas
sLomach ln whlch he saw Lhe exlsLence of Lhe whole unlverse Pe made ceaseless efforL for one
dlvlne year buL was unsuccessful ln hls aLLempLs Lo come ouL from Shlvas sLomach AL lasL he
surrendered Lo Lhe wlll of Lord Shlva
Lord Shlva Lold Shukracharya 8y enLerlng lnLo my sLomach you have become my son now lf
you wanL Lo become free Lhen you should come ouL Lhrough Lhe pore of my Llnga AfLer saylng
Lhls Lord Shlva llberaLed Shukracharya Lhrough hls Llnga who afLer belng released made
saluLaLlons Lo hlm and [olned Lhe demons army once agaln 1he demons were exLremely pleased
aL hls arrlval Cnce agaln a flerce baLLle Look place whlch conLlnued for elghL dlvlne years
When Lhe demons reallsed abouL Lhe delLles supremacy ln Lhe baLLle Lhey sLarLed employlng
llluslonary LacLlcs and swallowed all Lhe Canas and Lhe delLles 1he scene of Lhe baLLlefleld
Mandar MounLaln became devold of Canas and Lhe delLles whlch made Lord Shlva exLremely
furlous Pls exLreme anger resulLed lnLo Lhe manlfesLaLlon of !rlmbhaylka a feroclous enLlLy 1he
mere Louch of !rlmbhaylka made Lhe demons Lo yawn All Lhe delLles and Lhe Canas came ouL from Lhe
opened mouLhs of Lhe demons Cnce agaln Lhe baLLle commenced whlch conLlnued for
700 years
When Andhak reallsed LhaL Lord Shlva was lnvlnclble Lhen he declded Lo acqulre arvaLl by
decelLful means Pe soughL Lhe help of one of hls mosL LrusLed commander Sunda by saylng C
brave Sunda! ?ou are llke my broLher l need your help 1he baLLle has conLlnued for such a long
perlod buL has sLlll remalned lndeclslve l have declded Lo approach arvaLl ln Lhe gulse of her
husband Shlva and l wanL you Lo dlsgulse yourself as nandl Sunda agreed Lo dlsgulse hlmself
ln Lhe form of nandl Lo help hls masLer
Andhak wenL Lo Mandar MounLaln ln Lhe gulse of Lord Shlva mounLed on Sundas back who had
dlsgulsed hlmself as nandl When arvaLl saw Lhe ln[ury marks on Shlvas (Andhaks) body she
Lold her companlons Look how grlevously Lhe demons have ln[ured my husband! lease brlng
Lhe medlclnal herbs qulckly so LhaL l can dress hls wounds Per companlons rushed Lo brlng Lhe
medlclnal herbs and ln Lhe meanLlme arvaLl sLarLed observlng Lhe wounds of Shlva (Andhak)
mlnuLely She was surprlsed Lo see Lhe absence of boLh Lhe shoulders on hls body She
lmmedlaLely reallsed LhaL somebody else had come ln Lhe gulse of her husband Shlva Senslng
danger she ran away Lo proLecL herself Per companlons ran behlnd her and Andhak chased all of
Lhem arvaLl and her companlons hld behlnd bushes 8elng unable Lo locaLe arvaLl Andhak
reLurned Lo Lhe baLLlefleld and Lhe baLLle conLlnued
1he delLles were flghLlng vallanLly Lord vlshnu creaLed havoc among Lhe enemy ranks and Lord
8rahma sprlnkled holy waLer from hls kamandalu whlch had lncreased Lhe sLrengLh and power
of Lhe delLles lndra aLLacked Lhe demon 8ala on hls head wlLh hls va[ra buL lL was broken lnLo
pleces Cn seelng Lhe desLrucLlon of hls weapon lndra became scared and wanLed Lo flee from
Lhe baLLlefleld !ambh Lhe demon made fun of hlm and challenged hlm for a duel lndra Lhen
requesLed Lord vlshnu Lo provlde hlm wlLh a weapon so LhaL he could flghL !ambh buL Lord
vlshnu senL hlm Lo Agnl Agnl made a repllca of hls weapon ShakLl and gave lL Lo lndra
Poldlng hls new weapon lndra Lhen proceeded on hls way Lo flghL !ambh mounLed on hls
elephanL AlravaL !ambh assaulLed AlravaL wlLh such force LhaL lndra sLarLed falllng down
Lowards Lhe ground
When Lhe Slddhas and Charanas saw lndra falllng down Lhey provlded a magnlflcenL charloL Lo
hlm so LhaL he could flghL wlLh Lhe demons Meanwhlle lndra dashed agalnsL Lhe ground wlLh a
greaL Lhud as a resulL of whlch Lhe earLh shook vlolenLly
Sage Shamlks wlfe LhoughL LhaL Lhe earLh was shaklng vlolenLly due Lo Lhe lmpacL of earLhquake
She requesLed her husband Lo carry Lhelr son ouLslde Lhe hermlLage so LhaL he remalns unharmed
and sald 1he asLrologers say LhaL whaLever ls kepL ouLslde home durlng an earLhquake becomes
sLable Sage Shamlk was very surprlsed buL sLlll followed her lnsLrucLlons AfLer Lhe shaklng of
Lhe earLh had subslded Shamlks wlfe requesLed hlm Lo brlng back Lhe chlld Sage Shamlk wenL
ouLslde and was surprlsed Lo flnd Lwo chlldren lnsLead of one Pe came back carrylng boLh Lhe
chlldren ln hls lap and asked hls wlfe as Lo whaL made Lhe second chlld Lo manlfesL She Lold hlm
LhaL Lhe second chlld wlll become Lhe charloLeer of lndra and asslsL hlm ln Lhe baLLle 1hls second
chlld was none oLher Lhan MaLall who acLed as Lhe charloLeer of lndra durlng Lhe baLLle now lndra had
boLh Lhe charloL and Lhe charloLeer ln hls possesslon Pe wenL Lo Lhe baLLlefleld
mounLed on hls new charloL Cn Lhe way he saw a mulLlcoloured bow and arrows lylng on Lhe
ground Pe plcked up Lhe weapons and foughL vallanLly wlLh Lhe demons Pe kllled many mlghLy
demon warrlors !ambh and ku[ambh ran menaclngly Lowards hlm buL Lord vlshnu severed Lhe
head of ku[ambh wlLh hls Sudarshan chakra !ambh assaulLed lndra wlLh hls mace buL lndra
reLallaLed by aLLacklng wlLh hls ShakLl as a resulL of whlch !ambh was kllled 1he resL of Lhe
demons fled from Lhe baLLlefleld
LC8u SPlvA klLLS AnuPAk
ln splLe of deaLh and desLrucLlon caused Lo hls army Andhak sLlll wanLed Lo conLlnue flghLlng
agalnsL Lord Shlvas army Pe even dlsmlssed Lhe advlses of Shukracharya who wanLed a
momenLary reLreaL and rebuffed hlm by saylng All Lhe delLles lncludlng Maheshwar and lndra
cannoL save Lhemselves from my wraLh very soon l am golng Lo vanqulsh Lhem Pe Lhen
lnsLrucLed hls charloLeer Lo move Lhe charloL Lowards enemys poslLlon Pe shoL a volley of
arrows whlch enLlrely covered Lhe delLles Lord vlshnu advlsed Lhe delLles Lo klll Andhak along
wlLh hls charloLeer and desLroy Lhe charloL so LhaL Lord Shlva could klll Andhak wlLhouL any
dlfflculLy
All Lhe delLles Lhen aLLacked Lhe demons wlLh renewed vlgour Lord vlshnu kllled Lhousands of
enemys horses wlLh hls mace Skand kllled Lhe charloLeer and vlnayak accompanled by Lhe
Canas desLroyed Andhaks charloL AfLer belng berefL of hls charloL Andhak aLLacked Lhe delLles
wlLh hls mace Seelng Lhe delLles ln danger Lord Shlva concealed Lhem wlLhln hls body and
challenged Andhak for a duel Andhak Lrled Lo aLLack Lord Shlva who was mounLed on nandl
Lord Shlva lmmedlaLely [umped down from nandls back and aLLacked Andhak wlLh hls LrldenL
whlch plerced hls chesL Lven afLer belng serlously ln[ured Andhak dld noL dle lnsLead he pulled
Lord Shlva for one mlle holdlng hlm LlghLly ln hls cluLch Lord Shlva Lrled Lo reslsL by aLLacklng
for Lhe second Llme 8uL Andhak reLallaLed by hlLLlng Shlva wlLh hls mace causlng serlous ln[ury
on hls head A sLream of blood oozed ouL from Lhe wound whlch poured down Lowards all Lhe
four dlrecLlons 1he blood sLream whlch poured down Lowards easL resulLed lnLo Lhe
manlfesLaLlon of 8halrav named kalra[ Slmllarly kamara[ Chakramala Somara[ Swachchara[
LallLra[ and vlghnara[ manlfesLed from Lhe oLher Lhree dlrecLlons
Lord Shlva Lhen llfLed Andhak above hls head wlLh Lhe help of hls LrldenL whlch was sLlll plerced
ln Andhaks chesL Pls body had become red due Lo Lhe blood oozlng ouL from Andhaks wound
Lord Shlva had Lolled hard Lo klll Andhak and as a resulL he was persplrlng profusely 1he sweaL
drops orlglnaLlng from Shlvas forehead resulLed lnLo Lhe manlfesLaLlon of a dlvlne glrl whlle Lhe
sweaL drops LhaL fell on Lhe ground from Shlvas face resulLed lnLo Lhe manlfesLaLlon of a dlvlne
boy 8oLh Lhe chlldren sLarLed gulplng down Lhe blood emanaLlng from Andhaks wound Lord
Shlva named Lhe glrl chlld as Charchlka whlle Lhe boy chlld was named Mangal and blessed boLh
of Lhem Lord Shlva held Andhak above hls head for 1000 dlvlne years whlch reduced hls body
Lo a skeleLon
AL lasL Andhak reallsed hls mlsLake and begged for forglveness Pe euloglsed Lord Shlva and
halled hls greaLness Lord Shlva Lold hlm LhaL he would forglve hlm only when he accepLs arvaLl
as hls moLher Andhak agreed noL only Lo accepL arvaLl as hls moLher buL also Shlva as hls faLher Shlva
became pleased and lowered down hls LrldenL Pe healed Andhaks wound by hls
dlvlne Louch 1he delLles became pleased aL Andhaks change of hearL and blessed hlm Lord
Shlva Lhen Look Andhak Lo Mandar MounLaln
arvaLl was sLlll hldlng behlnd Lhe bushes When she saw Lord Shlva approachlng she
recognlsed hlm and called her companlons Lo come ouL from Lhelr hldlng Lord Shlva gleefully
Lold arvaLl LhaL Andhak had now become her slave Look aL hlm Pe ls maklng saluLaLlons Lo
you AccepL hlm as your son Andhak Lhen euloglsed arvaLl wlLh compleLe devoLlon arvaLl
became pleased and expressed her deslre Lo bless hlm wlLh a boon Andhak sald l donL wanL
anyLhlng l [usL wanL Lo become llberaLed from all my slns and remaln ln Lhe proxlmlLy of Lord
Shlva arvaLl blessed hlm and made hlm Lhe Cana of Shlva who became famous as 8hrlngl
1PL C8lCln Cl MA8u1 CAnAS
narada asked ulasLya abouL Lhe baLLle whlch lndra foughL wlLh Lhe demon aL Malay MounLaln
ulasLya replled Andhaks followers Maya and 1ar Lrled Lo enLer aLal loka afLer belng
defeaLed by Lhe delLles Whlle Lhey were passlng close Lo Lhe Malay MounLaln Lhey declded Lo
llve Lhere belng enchanLed by lLs naLural beauLy 1he caves of Malay MounLaln were lnhablLed by
sages who were Lord Shlvas devoLees 1he demons sLarLed causlng obsLacles ln Lhe rlLuals
performed by Lhe sages When Lord Shlva came Lo know abouL Lhls he lnsLrucLed lndra Lo go Lo
Malay MounLaln and help Lhe sages lndra wenL Lo Malay MounLaln and successfully drove ouL
Lhe demons from Lhere
narada agaln asked ulasLya as Lo why lndra was also known as CoLrabhlL ulasLya narraLed Lhe
followlng Lale AfLer her sons deaLh ulLl requesLed her husband kashyapa Lo bless her wlLh
anoLher son so LhaL lndra could be kllled Sage kashyapa advlsed her LhaL she would geL her
deslre fulfllled afLer Lhe successful accompllshmenL of her penance lasLlng for 100 dlvlne years
ln course of Llme ulLl became pregnanL Cne day sage kashyapa lefL for udayglrl MounLaln Lo
do hls penance and ulLl was lefL all alone
Cne day lndra arrlved aL Lhe hermlLage and expressed hls deslre Lo be aL ulLls servlce lf she
permlLLed ulLl gave permlsslon and lndra engaged hlmself ln servlng her Pe used Lo keep Lhe
oblaLlon slLe clean and brlng dry wood necessary for Lhe performance of ?agya 1hls conLlnued
for 1000 dlvlne years Cne day ulLl was Laklng resL afLer her baLh She had posLponed her
penance for someLlme because of her lmpurlLy As she was Llred very soon she fell asleep
Seelng Lhe momenL opporLune lndra enLered lnLo her womb Lhrough her nosLrlls and cuL Lhe
foeLus lnLo seven parLs AfLer waklng up ulLl reallsed abouL her foeLus desLrucLlon lndra was
very scared on Lhe prospecL of belng cursed by ulLl and sald l am noL Lhe cause of your foeLus
desLrucLlon lL has been desLroyed due Lo your own lmpurlLy So please donL curse me ulLl
replled ?ou are cerLalnly noL responslble for my foeLus desLrucLlon lL was all ln my desLlny
lrom Lhe pleces of Lhe foeLus manlfesLed Lhe MaruL Canas and slnce lndra had Lrled Lo harm hls
own uLerlne broLhers Lherefore he became famous as CoLrabhlL
MA8u1 CAnAS Cl ulllL8Ln1 MAnvAn1A8ASSage ulasLya says C narada! now l am golng Lo
descrlbe abouL Lhe orlgln of MaruL Canas of
varlous ManvanLaras Savan was Swayambhu Manus son Pe had no sons and when he dled Lhe
sorrowful queen Sudeva heard a heavenly volce whlch lnsLrucLed her Lo glve up her llfe by
[umplng lnLo Lhe burnlng pyre ?ou would become a proud moLher of seven sons sald Lhe
heavenly volce 1he queen acLed accordlngly and dled afLer [umplng lnLo Lhe burnlng pyre
1he souls of Lhe dead klng and queen ascended Lowards Lhe sky 1he prophesles made by Lhe
heavenly volce came Lrue and Sudeva found herself ln her perlods 1he klng en[oyed a physlcal
relaLlonshlp wlLh Lhe queen for flve days lncldenLally few drops of sperms fell Lowards earLh
AfLer Lhls boLh Lhe souls deparLed Lowards 8rahma loka 1hese falllng drops of sperms were
gaLhered by Lhe wlves of some sages and sLored ln a loLus flower 1hose women were Samana
nallnl vayushmaLl ChlLra vlshakha ParlLa and Allnl 1hey mlsLook Lhe sperms for ambrosla
and drank lL afLer geLLlng permlsslon from Lhelr husbands 8uL afLer drlnklng lL Lhey became
devold of Lhelr effulgence and were abandoned by Lhelr respecLlve husbands ln course of Llme
Lhey gave blrLh Lo seven sons who became famous as Adya MaruLs durlng Swayambhu
ManvanLara
AfLer havlng descrlbed abouL Lhe MaruL Canas sage ulasLya wenL on Lo descrlbe abouL
Swarochlsh ManvanLara kraLudhwa[ was Lhe son of Swarochlsh Manu Pe had seven sons All
of Lhem wenL Lo Meru MounLaln Lo do penance as Lhey were deslrous of lndras klngdom lndra
belng scared lnsLrucLed uLna Lo creaLe hurdles ln Lhelr penance so LhaL kraLudhwa[s sons wlshes
remalned unfulfllled
uLna wenL Lo Lhe place where kraLudhwa[s sons were dolng penance 1here was a rlver nearby
where kraLudhwa[s sons arrlved one day Lo baLhe AcLlng accordlng Lo her plan uLna Loo
enLered lnLo Lhe rlver Lo Lake baLh kraLudhwa[s sons were lnfaLuaLed by her dlvlne beauLy 1hey
could noL conLrol Lhemselves and as a resulL Lhey had an e[aculaLlon uLna was successful ln
accompllshlng her mlsslon of corrupLlng Lhe LhoughLs of kraLudhwa[s sons who afLer reallslng
LhaL Lhelr penance had gone ln valn reLurned Lo Lhelr faLhers klngdom 1he released sperms of
kraLudhwa[s sons was swallowed by a flsh named Shankhlnl Cne day she was caughL by a
flsherman and presenLed Lo kraLudhwa[s sons who agaln released her lnLo a nearby pond ln
course of Llme Shankhlnl dled afLer glvlng blrLh Lo seven young flsh 1he seven young flsh
sLarLed crylng aL Lhelr moLhers deaLh Lord 8rahma appeared and advlsed Lhem noL Lo cry and for
Lhls reason Lhey were called MaruL Lord 8rahma blessed Lhem by saylng All of you would
aLLaln Lhe sLaLus of delLles and would be capable of flylng ln Lhe alr AfLer flnlshlng hls sLory
sage ulasLya Lold narada LhaL Lhls was how MaruL Canas orlglnaLed durlng Swarochlsh
ManvanLara
Sage ulasLya says now l am golng Lo descrlbe abouL Lhe MaruL Canas of uLLam ManvanLara
!yoLlshman was Lhe son of vayushman and hls wlfe was Lhe daughLer of sage 8rlhaspaLl As Lhey
were sonless boLh of Lhem declded Lo do penance Lo begeL a son 1he SapLarlshls arrlved Lhere
and enqulred as Lo why Lhey were dolng such a severe penance !yoLlshmans wlfe Lold Lhe
SapLarlshls LhaL Lhey were deslrous of a son 1he SapLarlshls blessed her by saylng LhaL she would
become a moLher of seven sons ln course of Llme !yoLlshmans wlfe became pregnanL Cne
faLeful day !yoLlshman passed away Pls sorrowful wlfe wanLed Lo commlL SaLl Whlle he was slLLlng on
Lhe burnlng pyre suddenly a plece of burnlng flesh fell lnLo Lhe nearby rlver and goL
fragmenLed lnLo seven pleces Seven MaruL Canas manlfesLed from Lhese seven pleces of flesh
Sage ulasLya says uurlng 1amas ManvanLara 8lLdhwa[ Lhe son of 1amas Manu dld a severe
penance wlLh Lhe deslre of geLLlng a son Pe made offerlngs of hls own flesh blood and sperms
Lo Lhe oblaLlon flre Suddenly he heard a heavenly volce lnsLrucLlng hlm noL Lo make offerlngs of
hls sperms 8uL Lhe klng conLlnued wlLh hls offerlng and as a resulL he dled AfLer someLlme
seven lnfanLs manlfesLed from Lhe oblaLlon flre who laLer on became famous as Lhe MaruL Canas
of 1amas ManvanLara
klng 8lpu[eeL was Lhe descendanL of 8alvaL Pe was sonless and afLer belng pleased by hls
exLreme devoLlon Lhe delLy Sun had blessed hlm wlLh a daughLer named SuraLl ln course of
Llme she grew lnLo a beauLlful woman Cne day 8lpu[eeL passed away and a grleved SuraLl
declded Lo glve up her llfe 1he SapLarlshls arrlved Lhere and Lhey were so lnfaLuaLed by her
beauLy LhaL Lhey Lrled Lo prevenL her from dolng so 8uL unrelenLlng SuraLl dld noL llsLen and gave
up her llfe by [umplng lnLo Lhe burnlng pyre 1he sorrowful SapLarlshls wenL away afLer casLlng
lusLy glances on her Seven lnfanLs manlfesLed from Lhe burnlng pyre who became famous as
MaruL Canas of 8alvaL ManvanLara
uurlng Chakshush ManvanLara a sage named Mankl dld a Lremendous penance aL Lhe banks of
SapLasaraswaL 8uL he fell down from grace afLer belng lnfaLuaLed by Lhe beauLy of an Apsara
named vapu Pls sperms e[aculaLed and fell lnLo Lhe SapLasaraswaL rlver from whlch manlfesLed
Lhe seven MaruL Canas
LC8u vlSPnu klLLS kALnLMl
AfLer hearlng Lhe news of 8alls coronaLlon Maya and some oLher demons wenL and advlsed 8all
Lo avenge Lhe kllllngs of hls faLher vlrochan and oLher relaLlves by lndra 8all became furlous
and marched wlLh a huge army Lo flghL Lhe delLles
When lndra heard Lhls news he sLarLed maklng preparaLlons for Lhe baLLle and very soon Lhe
delLles army assembled aL Lhe fooLhllls of udyachal MounLaln A flerce baLLle was foughL
beLween boLh Lhe armles 1he movemenL of Lhe Lroops covered Lhe whole sky wlLh dusL whlch
subslded only afLer Lhe Lremendous bloodbaLh weLLed Lhe earLh wlLh blood karLlkeya foughL
vallanLly ln Lhls baLLle and kllled many demons 1he demons Loo reLallaLed by vlgorously
aLLacklng Lhe delLles Lord vlshnu creaLed havoc ln Lhe demons army by kllllng many demons ln
a very shorL Llme
When kalneml Lhe demon saw LhaL hls comrades were scared of flghLlng Lord vlshnu he
aLLacked Lhe delLles wlLh renewed vlgour and swallowed many of Lhe ?akshas klnnars and Lhe
delLles 1he delLles became scared and sLarLed runnlng away from Lhe baLLlefleld 1he demons
became dellghLed conslderlng lL as Lhelr vlcLory and Lhe defeaL of Lord vlshnu Lord vlshnu
became furlous and covered Lhe udyachal MounLaln wlLh a volley of arrows named narach 8all
and Maya became Lerrlfled and lnsLlgaLed kalneml Lo flghL agalnsL Lord vlshnu kalneml confronLed Lord
vlshnu wlLh a mace buL lL was desLroyed by vlshnus chakra AfLer
desLroylng kalnemls weapon Lord vlshnu flrsL severed boLh hls hands and Lhen hls head 1he
news of kalnemls deaLh spread llke a wlldflre ln Lhe demons army and Lhey fled from Lhe
baLLlefleld
klnC 8ALl
8ALl 8uLLS 1PL PLAvLn
1he mlghLy 8anasura saw Lhe demons runnlng away from Lhe baLLlefleld and came Lo Lhelr rescue 1he
arrlval of 8anasura boosLed Lhe morale of Lhe defeaLed demons and Lhey reLurned Lo flghL Lhe delLles
Lord vlshnu advlsed Lhe delLles Lo flghL gallanLly and dlsappeared from Lhe baLLlefleld Shukracharya
assured Lhe demons of Lhelr vlcLory because he LhoughL LhaL Lhe delLles would be no maLch for Lhe
demons mlghL ln Lhe absence of Lord vlshnu
Cnce agaln a flerce baLLle commenced 8all aLLacked Lhe delLles feroclously wlLh hls mace
8anasura devasLaLed Lhe delLles army wlLh hls Lhousand hands ulLlmaLely Lhe delLles were
defeaLed ln Lhls baLLle and Lhe heaven came under Lhe conLrol of demons 1he defeaLed delLles
Look refuge ln 8rahma loka afLer abandonlng Lhe heaven 8all ruled Lhe heaven wlLh Lhe help of
hls relaLlves
Cne day 8all called hls faLher rahlada Lo heaven and requesLed hlm Lo become Lhe ruler of
heaven buL rahlada refused by saylng As l have chosen Lhe paLh of ?oga afLer rellnqulshlng
everyLhlng lL would noL be proper for me Lo geL aLLached Lo worldly maLLers once agaln Slnce
you have snaLched heaven from Lhe delLles on accounL of your vallance hence Lhe heaven
belongs Lo you 8all requesLed rahlada Lo enllghLen hlm on Lhe duLles of a klng and on Lhe
vlrLuous deeds whlch would enable hlm ln aLLalnlng uharma ArLh kama and Moksha
rahlada advlsed 8all Lo rule ln a [usL manner and for Lhe benedlcLlon of Lhe world Pe also
advlsed 8all Lo engage hlmself ln Lhe servlce of all Lhe Lhree casLes so LhaL Lhey remaln loyal Lo
hlm rahlada sald vlrLuoslLy lncreases when people unwaverlngly follow Lhelr uharma
lncrease ln vlrLuoslLy helps a klng Lo rule wlLhouL any problem
8all agreed Lo rule ln a [usL manner as per Lhe advlce of rahlada
1PL SLLnuCu8S Cl 8ALl
ulasLya says 1he [usL rule of 8all had Lransformed Lhe kall ?uga lnLo SaLya ?uga Lven hls
sub[ecLs engaged Lhemselves ln vlrLuous acLlvlLles llke penance and ?agyas 1hey pracLlsed nonvlolence
and always spoke Lhe LruLh Cne day Coddess 1rallokya Lakshml wenL Lo 8all and
sald l have come Lo bless you because you are a vlcLorlous klng ?ou have even defeaLed lndra
and have conLrol over all Lhe Lhree worlds AfLer saylng Lhls Coddess Lakshml enLered lnLo Lhe
body of 8all
uurlng Lhe relgn of 8all hls sub[ecLs were happy and prosperous nobody experlenced Lhe pangs
of hunger and everybodys deslre was fulfllled 1he promlnence of vlrLuoslLy and rellglousness
durlng 8alls rule was lncomparable and prosperlLy prevalled LhroughouL hls klngdom M?1PCLCClCAL
1ALLS
uPunuPu L8lC8MS ASPWAMLuPA ?AC?A
ulasLya says uurlng hls pllgrlmage rahlada vlslLed many sacred places llke Manas 1lrLha kaushlkl
uevahnad and PasLlnapur eLc AL lasL he reached Lhe bank of rlver ?amuna where he worshlpped Lord
1rlvlkrama (vamana) narada was surprlsed aL Lhe menLlon of vamanas name and asked ulasLya
Lord vlshnu ls sLlll Lo Lake vamana lncarnaLlon Lhen how come rahlada vlslLed hls Lemple? ulasLya
saysSage kashyapa had an AuraspuLra named uhundhu Lord 8rahma had blessed uhundhu of
lmmorLallLy ln course of Llme uhundhu defeaLed Lhe delLles and drove Lhem ouL from heaven as a
resulL
of whlch Lhey had Lo Lake refuge ln 8rahma loka
When uhundhu came Lo know LhaL Lhe delLles were llvlng ln 8rahma loka he declded Lo aLLack
8rahma loka Pe consulLed Lhe demons buL Lhey Lold hlm LhaL lL was lmposslble for Lhem Lo reach
8rahma loka Sage Shukracharya sald lndra had accompllshed 100 Ashwamedha ?agyas by
Lhe vlrLue of whlch he could go Lo 8rahma loka lf you are deslrous of reachlng 8rahma loka
Lhen you Loo wlll have Lo perform Ashwamedha ?agya uhundhu expressed hls wllllngness Lo
perform Ashwamedha ?agya
Shukracharya sLarLed maklng preparaLlons for Ashwamedha ?agya aL Lhe bank of rlver uevlka
Pe appolnLed hls dlsclples and some oLher sages belonglng Lo 8hargavas clan Lo supervlse Lhe
?agya ceremony 1he Ashwamedha ?agya commenced and a horse was leL loose accordlng Lo
Lhe LradlLlon
When Lhe delLles came Lo know abouL Lhls Ashwamedha ?agya belng performed by uhundhu
Lhey were scared and requesLed Lord vlshnu Lo dlsrupL Lhe ?agya so LhaL uhundhu could noL
reach 8rahma loka Lord vlshnu assured Lhe delLles and wenL Lo Lhe slLe where uhundhu was
performlng Ashwamedha ?agya ln a dwarf appearance Pe enLered lnLo Lhe uevlka 8lver and
sLarLed drownlng accordlng Lo hls plan
When Lhe demons saw Lhe dwarf (Lord vlshnu) drownlng Lhey rushed Lo save hlm AfLer Laklng
hlm ouL from Lhe rlver Lhey asked hlm abouL hls ldenLlLy 1he dwarf sald l am Lhe youngesL son
of rabhas My name ls CaLlbhas and my elder broLher ls neLrabhas AfLer our faLhers deaLh my
elder broLher dld noL glve me my due share ln Lhe properLy When l lnslsLed he flung me lnLo Lhls
rlver
1he 8rahmlns who were performlng Lhe ?agya requesLed uhundhu Lo donaLe wealLh Lo CaLlbhas
uhundhu agreed and sald l am wllllng Lo fulfll all your wlshes uemand anyLhlng you llke
CaLlbhas demanded a small plece of land measured by Lhree sLeps Lord vlshnu Lhen revealed hls
glanL appearance and covered Lhe whole earLh wlLh hls flrsL sLep Pls second sLep covered Lhe
heaven and Lhere was no place lefL for hls Lhlrd sLep Lord vlshnu became furlous and puL hls
Lhlrd sLep on Lhe back of uhundhu as a resulL of whlch he was crushed Lo deaLh A large plL
measurlng 1000 ?o[ans was creaLed due Lo Lhe lmpacL of hls welghL and Lord vlshnu Lhrew
uhundhus dead body ln LhaL plL
AfLer compleLlng hls sLory ulasLya Lold narada 1hls ls how Lord vlshnu became 1rlvlkrama
for Lhe flrsL Llme Lo defeaL Lhe evll deslgns of uhundhu rahlada pald a vlslL Lo Lhe Lemple of
vamana slLuaLed aL Lhe place where uhundhu was kllled u8u8AvA 8LCAlnS PlS CCCu LCCkS
ulasLya says AfLer worshlpplng Lord 1rlvlkrama rahlada wenL Lo Llngabhedak MounLaln
and worshlpped Lord Shankar Pe also vlslLed many more sacred places llke kedar 1lrLha
8adrlkashrama 8hadrakarna and vlpasha AL lasL he reached lrawaLl and worshlpped LhaL
AlmlghLy Lord wlLh whose blesslngs ururava was able Lo regaln hls good looks narada was
curlous Lo know Lhls sLory
ulasLya says Cnce upon a Llme Lhere llved a rlch Lrader named Sudharma Cnce whlle
passlng Lhrough Lhe SurashLra deserL he was aLLacked by bandlLs and robbed of all hls
possesslons ue[ecLed he sLarLed wanderlng ln Lhe deserL llke a lunaLlc Pe saw a Shaml Lree and
declded Lo Lake resL under lLs shade Cn Lhls Lree llved numerous ghosLs Cn seelng Sudharma Lhe
leader of Lhe ghosLs asked hlm as Lo where he was golng Sudharma narraLed hls woeful Lale
whlch made Lhe ghosLs very sad 1he leader of Lhe ghosLs sald ?ou musL noL lose hearL lf you
are desLlned Lo possess wealLh Lhen you would become wealLhy once agaln buL worrylng abouL
your losL wealLh wlll only have lll effecLs on your healLh and you would become weak Cn belng
lnsLrucLed by Lhelr leader Lhe ghosLs offered food Lo Lhe hungry Sudharma AfLer saLlaLlng hls
hunger Sudharma asked Lhe leader of Lhe ghosLs Who are you? Pow could you provlde me such
a dellclous dlsh ln Lhls deserLed foresL? 1he leader of Lhe ghosLs sald ln my prevlous blrLh l
was a 8rahmln and my name was Somasharma l was very poor buL my nelghbour Somashrava
was a rlch and prosperous Lrader 8elng a poor 8rahmln l was noL able Lo perform my rellglous
duLles Cnce people of all casLes Lhronged lrawaLl and nadvala Lo Lake a holy dlp on Lhe
ausplclous occaslon of Shravana uwadashl l followed Lhem and afLer Laklng my baLh performed
all Lhe necessary rlLuals As l was poor l could donaLe Lhlngs of llLLle lmporLance llke umbrella
shoes sweeLs curds eLc 1hls was Lhe flrsL and Lhe lasL Llme l had donaLed anyLhlng ln my llfe
AfLer my deaLh l became a ghosL My companlons also never donaLed anyLhlng ln Lhelr prevlous
llfe 1he dellclous food whlch you had rellshed [usL now was due Lo Lhe vlrLue of food lLems
donaLed ln my prevlous llfe 1hls Shaml Lree ls due Lo Lhe vlrLue of donaLlng umbrella
Somasharma was surprlsed and asked Lhe leader of Lhe ghosLs wheLher he could be of any help Lo
hlm Lo whlch Lhe leader requesLed hlm Lo offer lnd uan aL Caya so LhaL he became llberaLed
from reLa ?onl Somasharma wenL Lo Caya and performed Lhe necessary rlLuals of lnd uan as
a resulL of whlch Lhe ghosLs wenL Lo 8rahma loka afLer belng llberaLed
Somasharma conLlnued Lo observe Lhe fasL of Shravana uwadashl every year Cne faLeful day he
passed away and was reborn ln a royal famlly AfLer reachlng youLh age he became Lhe klng of
Shakal url and lndulged ln en[oymenLs and sensual pleasures AfLer hls deaLh he was born ln a
8rahmln famlly 1hough ugly he was well versed ln all Lhe scrlpLures AfLer a few years he goL
marrled Pls wlfe would make fun of hls ugly looks whlch annoyed hlm Pe wenL Lo lrawaLl and
worshlpped Lord !agannaLh wlLh full devoLlon Lord !agannaLh blessed hlm and hls ugly looks
Lurned lnLo a handsome appearance Pe en[oyed a very saLlsfled marrled llfe and afLer hls deaLh
was reborn as klng ururava
1PL uLSC8l1lCn Cl nAkSPA18A u8uSPASage narada asks ulasLya abouL Lhe ausLerlLy named
nakshaLra urusha whlch klng ururava
had accompllshed Lo please Lord vlshnu ulasLya says All Lhe consLellaLlons dwell ln dlfferenL
parLs of Lord vlshnus body 1he Mula nakshaLra dwells ln hls feeL 8ohlnl nakshaLra ln hls
Lhlghs Ashwlnl ln hls knees urvashadha and uLLarashadha ln hls chesL eLc A devoLee who
worshlps Lord vlshnu Lhe possessor of all Lhe consLellaLlons meLhodlcally and accordlng Lo Lhe
rlLuals aLLalns llberaLlon Worshlpplng Lord vlshnus dlfferenL organs helps ln aLLalnlng good
healLh and a dlsease free llfe 8elng pleased by Lhls ausLerlLy Lord vlshnu besLows radlance and
sweeL volce Lo Lhe devoLee ArundhaLl had achleved greaL acclamaLlon due Lo Lhe successful
accompllshmenL of Lhls ausLerlLy AdlLya wlLh a deslre of a son had hls wlsh fulfllled ln Lhe form
of 8evanL hls famous son 1he Apsaras 8ambha and Menaka had acqulred unparalleled beauLy
and sweeL volce respecLlvely afLer successful accompllshmenL of Lhls ausLerlLy Slmllarly
Chandra had aLLalned supreme radlance and ururava regalned hls klngdom 1hls way whoever
performed Lhls ausLerlLy hls deslre was fulfllled
8APLAuAS lLC8lMACL
ulasLya says rahlada wenL Lo Lhe sacred place called 8lshlkanya and Look a holy dlp ln Lhe
lrawaLl 8lver AfLer LhaL he worshlpped Lord !anardan ln Lhe Lemple slLuaLed nearby and Lhen
proceeded on hls [ourney Lowards kuruksheLra AfLer reachlng Lhere he worshlpped Lord
kurudhwa[ and pald a vlslL Lord narslmha Lemple AfLer Laklng a holy dlp ln Lhe rlver uevlka he
proceeded on Lowards Cokarna 1lrLha where he Look baLh ln rlver rachl and worshlpped Lord
vlshwakarma ulLlmaLely afLer vlslLlng numerous sacred places he reached Madhunandlnl where
he worshlpped Lord Shlva who had a chakra ln hls hands and Lord vlshnu possesslng a LrldenL
narada was surprlsed and asked ulasLya why Lord Shlva and Lord vlshnu had held Sudarshan
chakra and LrldenL respecLlvely ulasLya explalned uurlng anclenL Llmes Lhere was a mlghLy
demon klng named !alodbhav Pe had pleased Lord 8rahma by hls severe penance and was
blessed by hlm Lo become lmmorLal AfLer recelvlng Lhe boon !alodbhav became arroganL and
sLarLed LormenLlng Lhe delLles and Lhe sages 1he delLles soughL Lhe refuge of Lord vlshnu 1hey
accompanled Lord vlshnu Lo Plmalaya MounLaln Lo meeL Lord Shlva Lord vlshnu and Lord
Shlva exchanged Lhelr weapons 8oLh of Lhem wenL Lo klll Lhe demon who on seelng Lhem goL
scared and hld ln a nearby rlver Lord vlshnu and Lord Shlva walLed eagerly for hlm on Lhe
opposlLe banks of Lhe rlver
AfLer someLlme !alodbhav came ouL of Lhe rlver Lhlnklng LhaL boLh of Lhem musL have deparLed
by now Pe cllmbed up Lhe Plmalaya MounLaln and boLh Lhe delLles chased hlm Lord Shlva
aLLacked hlm wlLh hls chakra whlle Lord vlshnu plerced hls LrldenL ln hls chesL !alodbhav dled
and fell down from Lhe Plmalaya MounLaln AfLer flnlshlng hls sLory ulasLya says 1hls was
Lhe reason why boLh Lord vlshnu and Lord Shankar had exchanged Lhelr weapons 1he spoL
where Lord Shankar had kepL hls fooL resulLed lnLo Lhe manlfesLaLlon of rlver vlLasLa rahlada
afLer worshlpplng Lord vlshnu and Lord Shlva aL Madhunandlnl wenL Lo 8hrlguLung 1lrLha
slLuaLed on Lhe Plmalaya MounLaln
1ALLS Cl uAMAn?u Anu S8luAMASage narada was sLlll noL saLlsfled by ulasLyas explanaLlon and
asked ulasLya as Lo whaL
compelled Lord vlshnu Lo glve hls chakra Lo Lord Shlva ulasLya says 1here used Lo llve a
learned 8rahmln named veeLmanyu Pe was well versed ln all Lhe vedas and oLher scrlpLures
Pls wlfes name was ALreyl and upamanyu was hls son lnsplLe of hls knowledge veeLmanyu
llved ln absoluLe poverLy and found lL dlfflculL Lo make arrangemenLs for dally necesslLles Cne
day young upamanyu on belng hungry sLarLed crylng Pls helpless moLher consoled hlm by
saylng LhaL lf he worshlpped Lord Shlva Lhen he would even geL necLar and would geL llberaLed
from Lhe pangs of hunger for ever veeLmanyu was surprlsed and asked as Lo who Lhls Lord
vlrupaksh was ALreyl narraLed Lhe followlng sLory uurlng anclenL Llmes Lhere was a demon
klng named Srldama Pe ruled over Lhe whole earLh Cnce he declded Lo snaLch Lhe SrlvaLsaLord
vlshnus dearesL ornamenL from hlm When Lord vlshnu came Lo know abouL hls lnLenLlon
he became furlous buL slnce he had no weapon aL hls dlsposal he wenL Lo Lake Lord Shlvas help
ln Lhls regard Lord Shlva gave Sudarshan chakra Lo hlm and sald LhaL wlLh Lhe help of LhaL
lnfalllble weapon he could klll anybody 8uL Lord vlshnu was noL convlnced abouL Lhe
weapons desLrucLlve power and expressed hls deslre Lo LesL lL on Lord Shlva hlmself Lord Shlva
agreed and vlshnu released Lhe Sudarshan chakra Lowards hlm As a resulL Lord Shlvas body
was severed lnLo Lhree parLs vlshvesh ?agyesh and ?agyaya[ak now Lord vlshnu became
saLlsfled and made saluLaLlons Lo Lord Shlva Lo express hls graLlLude
Lord vlshnu wenL Lo Lhe mounLaln where Lhe demon Srldama llved and severed hls head wlLh
Lhe Sudarshan chakra AfLer kllllng Lhe demon Lord vlshnu reLurned Lo hls abode ksheersagar
AfLer flnlshlng her sLory ALreyl Lold upamanyu LhaL such was Lhe greaLness of Lord vlrupaksh
upamanyu dld a severe penance Lo please Lord vlrupaksh and was blessed by hlm as a resulL of
whlch he never felL hungry ln hls llfe
CA!Lnu8A Anu 1PL C8CCCulLL
Sage narada requesLs ulasLya Lo descrlbe how Ca[endra managed Lo release lLself from Lhe [aws
of Lhe crocodlle ulasLya says 1here llved a crocodlle ln a reservolr near 1rlkuL MounLaln Cne
day a LhlrsLy elephanL arrlved Lhere Lo quench lLs LhlrsL 1he wlcked crocodlle caughL hold of Lhe
elephanLs leg and dragged lL Lowards Lhe mlddle of Lhe reservolr 1he elephanL Lrled lLs besL Lo
release lLself from Lhe crocodlles [aws buL was unsuccessful 8elng helpless lL sLarLed
rememberlng Lord Srl Parl as lL was hls greaL devoLee lL plcked up a loLus flower and chanLed
Lhe followlng sLoLra SaluLaLlons Lo LhaL Lord vlshnu who ls Lhe orlglnaLor of Lhls unlverse
SaluLaLlons Lo Lhe omnlpresenL Lord vlshnu who ls revered by Lhe sages l Lake Lhe refuge of
Lord vlshnu who ls also known by Lhe names of vlshveshvar Srl Parl and SanaLan urusha
1hls way Lhe elephanL euloglsed Lord vlshnu wlLh greaL devoLlon
leased by hls devoLlon Lord vlshnu kllled Lhe wlcked crocodlle wlLh hls Sudarshan chakra and
llberaLed Lhe elephanL AcLually Lhls crocodlle was none oLher Lhan Candharva Puhu who had
aLLalned Lhe form of a crocodlle afLer belng cursed by sage ueval Pe was llberaLed from Lhe
curse and wenL Lo heaven Lord vlshnu Louched Lhe elephanL and lL goL Lransformed lnLo a dlvlne
human belng 1hls way wlLh Lhe blesslngs of Lord vlshnu boLh of Lhem were llberaLed
1PL C8LA1nLSS Cl SA8ASWA1 S1C18ASage ulasLya says 1here llved a kshaLrlya who kepL enemlLy
Lowards 8rahmlns AfLer hls
deaLh he was reborn as a demon and spenL hls llfe lndulglng ln nefarlous acLlvlLles Cnce he saw
a hermlL dolng penance Pe wanLed Lo devour hlm buL was unsuccessful ln hls aLLempL as Lhe
hermlL had proLecLed hlmself by chanLlng vlshnupan[ar sLoLra So he walLed for Lhe hermlL for
four monLhs Lo come ouL from hls medlLaLlve Lrance AfLer Lhe compleLlon of hls medlLaLlon Lhe
hermlL was surprlsed Lo see a weak and frall demon walLlng for hlm Pe asked Lhe demon abouL
hls ldenLlLy and Lhe purpose for whlch he was walLlng Lhere 1he demon Lold hlm LhaL alLhough he
had come wlLh Lhe lnLenLlon of devourlng hlm he was unsuccessful ln hls aLLempL as he (hermlL)
was well proLecLed by vlshnupan[ar sLoLra l am very lmpressed by your splrlLual feaLs and l am
deslrous of learnlng Lhe same from you l have commlLLed many slns ln my llfe so Lell me how Lo
become llberaLed from Lhem asked Lhe demon 8uL Lhe hermlL was noL convlnced and Lold Lhe
demon LhaL he would never preach a demon Pe advlsed Lhe demon Lo Lake help of some oLher
8rahmln 1he demon wenL ln search of anoLher 8rahmln Cne day he saw a 8rahmln dolng
penance and caughL hold of hlm 1he 8rahmln was frlghLened and requesLed Lhe demon WalL
unLll l reLurn afLer glvlng Lhls frulL Lo my Leacher 8uL Lhe demon LhoughL LhaL Lhe 8rahmln was
Lrylng Lo escape hence he dld noL allow Lhe 8rahmln Lo leave 1he worrled 8rahmln wenL near a
burnlng flre and pleaded for help Suddenly Coddess SaraswaLl manlfesLed herself and Lold Lhe
8rahmlns uonL be afrald WlLh my blesslngs you would be able Lo narraLe Lhe means for Lhe
demons benedlcLlon AfLer blesslng Lhe 8rahmln Coddess SaraswaLl dlsappeared
1he 8rahmln narraLed Lhe SaraswaL sLoLra Lo Lhe demon ?ou musL chanL Lhe followlng sLoLra
Lhrlce ln a day l make saluLaLlons Lo Lord Parl who ls also known as krlshna Prlshlkesh
vasudev !anardan and !agannaLh May he llberaLe me from my slns l make saluLaLlons Lo Lord
vlshnu who resLs on Sheshnag and who halls Shankchakra Cada and chakra ln hls hands may he
llberaLe me from my slns Lord vlshnu who manlfesLs hlmself ln each lndlvldual soul [usL llke
Lhe elemenL of flre manlfesLs lLself ln a plece of wood May he llberaLe me from my slns
1he 8rahmln Lold Lhe demon LhaL Lhe dally chanLlng of SaraswaL vlshnu sLoLra would enable hlm Lo geL
llberaLed from hls slns 1he demon was pleased and afLer releaslng Lhe 8rahmln wenL Lo a place called
Shalgram Pe engaged hlmself ln severe penance and sLarLed chanLlng Lhe sLoLra LaughL by Lhe 8rahmln
ulLlmaLely he was successful ln becomlng llberaLed from hls slns and wenL Lo vlshnu loka
8ALl L8lC8MS ASWPAMLuPA ?AC?A
8ALlS A88lvAL A1 ku8ukSPL18A
ulasLya says AfLer Lhe deparLure of rahlada on hls pllgrlmage 8all deslrous of performlng a
?agya wenL Lo kuruksheLra Shukracharya had lnvlLed Lhe descendanLs of sage 8hargava Lo
supervlse Lhe proceedlngs of Ashwamedha ?agya buL hls declslon was noL approved by Lhe
descendanLs of some oLher sages llke ALrl CauLam kaushlk and Anglra As a resulL all of Lhem
lefL kuruksheLra
AfLer Lhelr deparLure Shukracharya sLarLed maklng preparaLlons for Lhe ?agya and lnlLlaLed boLh
8all and hls wlfe vlndhyavall lnLo Lhe rlLuals AfLer LhaL a horse was leL loose accordlng Lo Lhe
LradlLlon 1he demon 1arkaksh followed LhaL horse 1he Ashwamedha ?agya conLlnued for Lhree
monLhs afLer whlch AdlLl gave blrLh Lo a chlld who was dwarflsh ln slze aL a Llme when Lhe Sun
had [uLs enLered Lhe zodlac of Cemlnl All Lhe delLles and sages lncludlng Lord 8rahma were exLremely
pleased by Lord vamanas blrLh 1hey wenL Lo AdlLls hermlLage and euloglsed Lord
vamana Lord vamana became pleased by Lhelr eulogy and requesLed Lord 8rahma Lo help
perform hls consecraLlons Cn belng lnsLrucLed by Lord 8rahma sage 8haradwa[ performed
vamanas !aL karma and ?agyopavlL AfLer LhaL sage 8haradwa[ LaughL hlm vedas and oLher
scrlpLures whlch was masLered by vamana ln less Lhan one monLh AfLer flnlshlng hls sLudles
Lord vamana soughL hls Curus permlsslon Lo go Lo kuruksheLra Sage 8haradwa[ expressed hls
lnablllLy by saylng Pow can a morLal llke me glve permlsslon Lo Lhe supreme lord? lf you wanL
Lo go Lo kuruksheLra Lhen how can l sLop you from golng Lhere? l have some querles regardlng
your varlous abodes and would you be graclous enough Lo enllghLen me on LhaL?
Lord vamana sald 1he whole unlverse lncludlng Lhe sky earLh ocean mounLalns clouds are
pervaded by my exlsLence All Lhe delLles sages llvlng and nonllvlng Lhlngs have manlfesLed
from me When l Look my flrsL lncarnaLlon of MaLsya l had my abode ln Lhe holy waLers of
Manas Sarovar As my second lncarnaLlon of LorLolse l had my abode ln Lhe holy waLers of
kaushlkl 8lver l had my abode aL PasLlnapur when l Look my lncarnaLlon as Covlnd As
narayan l had my abode aL 8adrlkashrama as !ayesh l had my abode aL 8hadrakarna 1hls
way Lord vamana descrlbed abouL hls dlfferenL abodes ln greaL deLall
A88lvAL Cl LC8u vAMAnA A1 ku8ukSPL18A
ulasLya says AfLer saLlsfylng 8haradwa[s curloslLy abouL hls dlfferenL abodes Lord vamana
lefL for kuruksheLra where 8all was busy performlng hls ?agya As soon as Lord vamana
reached kuruksheLra Lhe whole earLh sLarLed shaklng vlolenLly and hlgh Lldes rose ln Lhe ocean
8elng frlghLened of Lord vlshnu Agnl dld noL accepL Lhe offerlngs made by 8all 8all was very
surprlsed by all Lhese sudden developmenLs Pe asked Shukracharya abouL Lhe reason for all
Lhese sLrange happenlngs
Shukracharya replled C klng of Lhe demons! ueflnlLely all Lhese sLrange happenlngs slgnlfles
Lhe arrlval of Lord vasudev 8all Lhen asked Shukracharya as Lo whaL was Lhe mosL approprlaLe
way of honorlng hls emlnenL guesL WhaL donaLlons should l make Lo hlm so LhaL he ls pleased
and saLlsfled? asked 8all Shukracharya warned hlm by saylng lorgeL abouL donaLlng
anyLhlng oLherwlse you wlll geL lnLo serlous Lrouble 8all Lold hlm LhaL he would noL dlsgrace
hlmself by refuslng Lo meeL Lhe demands made by vasudev 1he way a man behaves ln hls
speech acLlon and LhoughLs ls Lhe resulL of hls pasL karmas Are you noL aware of Lhe lncldenL
relaLed wlLh koshkar whlch happened aL Malay MounLaln? koshkar was Lhe son of sage Mudgal
Pe was famous for hls ausLerlLles and hls wlfe Loo was very vlrLuous ln course of Llme a son
was born Lo Lhem buL alas he was bllnd and deaf koshkars wlfe abandoned LhaL chlld ln fronL of
her house lncldenLally an ogress named Surpakshl happened Lo arrlve Lhere and afLer seelng Lhe
abandoned chlld exchanged hlm wlLh her own chlld She carrled koshkars chlld Lo Shalodar
MounLaln wlLh Lhe lnLenLlon of devourlng hlm When her husband came Lo know abouL Lhe
lncldenL he reprlmanded Surpakshl for her mlsdeed 1he demon warned Lhe ogress LhaL boLh of
Lhem would be cursed by Lhe 8rahmln and advlsed her Lo keep Lhe chlld aL Lhe same place from
where she had broughL hlm
ln Lhe meanLlme koshkar came ouL from hls hermlLage afLer hearlng Lhe crles of Surpakshls
chlld Pe was surprlsed Lo flnd some oLher chlld lnsLead of hls own and Lold hls wlfe lL seems LhaL Lhls
chlld ls under Lhe lnfluence of a ghosL AfLer saylng Lhls he proLecLed Lhe chlld by
demarcaLlng a round clrcle lnlLlaLed wlLh manLra around hlm 8lghL Lhen Lhe ogress arrlved and
afLer keeplng Lhe 8rahmlns chlld on Lhe ground wanLed Lo Lake back her own chlld 8uL she
could noL enLer lnslde LhaL clrcle koshkar Look hls chlld ln hls lap and wenL lnslde Lhe hermlLage
1hls way Lhe ogress reLurned Lo Lhe mounLaln wlLhouL her chlld
koshkar broughL up boLh Lhe chlldren wlLh greaL care Pe named Lhe ogresss chlld as ulwakar
whlle hls own son was named nlsachar As desLlny would have llked lL ulwakar Lurned ouL Lo be
a very sLudlous chlld and became well versed ln vedas wlLhln a very shorL Llme whereas
nlsachar was noL lnLeresLed ln sLudles and had a bad hablL of crlLlclslng everybody koshkar
became furlous and Lhrew nlsachar ln a well 1here was a Amla Lree lnslde LhaL well and Lhe
chlld survlved llvlng on lLs frulLs 1hls way Len years passed and one day koshkars wlfe arrlved
aL Lhe well Lo feLch waLer Cn seelng hls moLher nlsachar Lrled Lo convlnce her LhaL he was her
son buL she was noL convlnced Pe Lhen accompanled hls moLher back home and narraLed Lhe
reason why he had Laken blrLh as a deaf and bllnd chlld ln my prevlous blrLh l was Lhe son of
vrlshakapl and was very famous for my scholarly LralLs ln due course of Llme l became very
arroganL and sLarLed lndulglng ln all sorLs of evll deeds AfLer my deaLh l wenL Lo 8aurav narak
and suffered all Lhe LorLures over Lhere l was reborn as a Llger and afLer belng enslaved by a klng
l was kepL lnslde a cage Cnce Lhe klng had gone ouL and Lhe beauLlful queen arrlved near Lhe
cage l was lnfaLuaLed by her beauLy and expressed my lusLy deslres Lo her She was Laken aback
by my proposal and sald Pow can physlcal relaLlonshlp be posslble beLween us? 8uL l
requesLed her Lo release me by openlng Lhe cage door 1he queen opened Lhe door and l became
free l caughL hold of her and Lrled Lo saLlaLe my lusL buL rlghL Lhen Lhe guards arrlved Lhere and
kllled me Cnce agaln l wenL Lo Lhe hell and afLer sufferlng Lhe palns l was reborn as an ass My
masLer was Agnlveshya a 8rahmln Cnce hls wlfe SumaLl wanLed Lo go Lo her faLhers house
Agnlveshya advlsed her Lo go rldlng on my back and lnsLrucLed hls servanL Lo escorL us Whlle on
our [ourney we reached a rlver and SumaLl expressed her deslre Lo Lake baLh She wenL Lo Lake
baLh and l walLed for her Lo reLurn Whlle she was Laklng her baLh l became lnfaLuaLed by her
beauLy and caughL hold of her 1he servanL who was escorLlng us saw Lhls and became angry Pe
kllled me by hlLLlng wlLh hls sLlck Cnce agaln l wenL Lo hell and was reborn as a parroL A
wlcked fowler Lrapped and sold me Lo a Lraders son AlLhough l llved a luxurlous llfe yeL l was
noL happy because of my slavery Cnce hls daughLer arrlved near my cage and playfully kepL me
on her breasLs l became lnfaLuaLed and Lrled Lo have physlcal relaLlons wlLh her 8uL l was
suffocaLed Lo deaLh afLer geLLlng enLangled ln her necklace Cnce agaln l wenL Lo hell and afLer
sufferlng Lhe LorLures was reborn as a bull My masLer was a Chandala and l used Lo pull hls carL
Cnce hls wlfe was slLLlng ln Lhe carL l was pulllng unmlndful of her surroundlngs she was
slnglng songs ln a beauLlful volce AfLer llsLenlng Lo her melodlous volce l became lnfaLuaLed
and Lrled Lo have physlcal relaLlons wlLh her l Lurned back buL Lhe noose around my neck became
LlghL and l was suffocaLed Lo deaLh Cnce agaln l wenL Lo hell and afLer sufferlng Lhe palns was
reborn as a bllnd and deaf son Lo you l remember all my prevlous llves and l am aware LhaL my
physlcal dlsablllLles are only because of my pasL slns l have declded Lo aLone for all my slns by
dolng penance and lndulglng ln vlrLuous deeds AfLer saylng Lhls he wenL Lo 8adrlkashrama Lo
do penance
AfLer flnlshlng hls sLory 8all Lold Shukracharya LhaL a man lnherlLs hls quallLles from hls pasL
llfe and lL ls lmposslble for hlm Lo change Lhem lL ls appllcable Lo boLh good and bad quallLles My
penance vlrLuoslLy benevolence and generoslLy have been lnherlLed from my pasL llfe and
come whaL may l have declded noL Lo shun Lhem
ulasLya says 1hls way 8all remalned flrm ln hls resolve Lo meeL any demand made by hls
esLeemed guesL and sLarLed walLlng eagerly for hls arrlval
LC8u vAMAnAS uLMAnuS
8all was pleased LhaL he would geL an opporLunlLy Lo see Lhe AlmlghLy Cod whom Lhe sages
conLemplaLe upon Pe was proud of hls good forLune LhaL Lhe lord was paylng hlm a vlslL
Shukracharya aware of Lhe reason for vamanas arrlval warned 8all agalnsL maklng any promlse
Lo hlm 8all replled Pow can l refuse lf Lhe AlmlghLy Cod demands anyLhlng from me? l am
wllllng Lo face any hardshlp Lo safeguard my benevolenL lmage l donL mlnd lf Lhe delLles geL
beneflLed by my acLlons Lven lf Lhe lord ls comlng wlLh Lhe lnLenLlon of kllllng me l am noL
scared as LhaL ls how l would aLLaln salvaLlon Come whaL may l am noL golng Lo abandon my
charlLable naLure
As Lhe conversaLlon beLween Shukracharya and 8all conLlnued suddenly Lord vamana arrlved
aL Lhe slLe vamanas radlance subdued Lhe power of all demons presenL Lhere Lord vamana
belng lmpressed by Lhe grandeur of vamanas ?agya compllmenLed hlm for organlslng such a
magnlflcenL ?agya 8all euloglsed and worshlpped hls esLeemed guesL Pe requesLed vamana Lo
reveal Lhe reason of hls arrlval and promlsed LhaL hls wlshes would be fulfllled Lord vamana
smlled and Lold hlm LhaL he needed a small plece of land measured by Lhree sLeps for Lhe
performance of ?agya 8all was surprlsed by Lhls demand and requesLed hlm Lo ask for more
land buL Lord vamana Lold hlm LhaL he needed only LhaL much land
8all agreed and Look a vow Lo donaLe a plece of land measured by Lhree sLeps Pardly had 8all
Laken hls vow when suddenly Lord vamana expanded hls slze Pls flrsL sLep covered Lhe whole
earLh 8y hls Lwo successlve sLeps he covered Lhe Lwo worlds 1hls way 8all was forced Lo
donaLe all Lhe Lhree worlds accordlng Lo hls vow Lord vlshnu Lhen made lndra Lhe klng of all
Lhe Lhree worlds and senL 8all Lo Lhe neLher world named SuLal Pe blessed 8all by saylng ?ou
would en[oy a long llfe Llll Lhe end of Lhls presenL kalpa ?ou would hold Lhe posL of lndra Llll
Lhe arrlval of Savarnl ManavanLar As long as you remaln supporLlve of Lhe 8rahmlns and Lhe
delLles you would en[oy all Lhe pleasures of llfe 8uL lf you go agalnsL Lhelr wlshes Lhen you
would be fasLened by varunas noose AfLer saylng Lhls Lord vlshnu dlsappeared
LC8u 88APMA WC8SPlS LC8u vAMAnA
narada asked sage ulasLya as Lo where dld Lord vamana go afLer dlsappearlng from Lhe
oblaLlon slLe ulasLya replled Lord vamana wenL Lo 8rahma loka mounLed on hls Caruda Cn
seelng hlm Lord 8rahma gave a warm recepLlon and afLer worshlpplng hlm asked abouL Lhe
reason for hls sudden arrlval Lord vamana Lold hlm LhaL he had senL 8all Lo SuLal loka for Lhe
welfare of Lhe delLles and so LhaL Lhey could geL Lhelr share of Lhe ?agya Lord 8rahma expressed
hls deslre Lo see Lhe glanL form of vlshnu whlch he had Laken whlle measurlng all Lhe Lhree
worlds Lord vlshnu obllged hlm and showed hls glanL appearance Lord 8rahma was lmpressed and
euloglsed hlm Pe requesLed Lord vlshnu Lo remaln ln 8rahma loka ln hls appearance of
vamana Lord vlshnu had agreed Lo do Lhls and remalned Lhere
8ALl LlvLS ln A1AL LCkA
ulasLya says AfLer reachlng Lhe neLher world 8all goL consLrucLed a beauLlful clLy made of
dlamonds and oLher preclous sLones vlshwakarma had consLrucLed an enormous slzed alLar ln
Lhe cenLral parL of Lhe clLy 1he wlndows of 8alls palace were well decoraLed wlLh pearls 8all
llved Lhere ln luxury and by en[oylng all Lhe pleasures of llfe
Cne day whlle Lhe demons were engaged ln Lhelr sensual pleasures suddenly Lhe fearsome
Sudarshan chakra enLered 8alls palace and afLer maklng Lhe demons berefL of Lhelr radlance wenL
back Lo Lord vlshnu 8all was very worrled and LhoughL LhaL only hls grandfaLher rahlada could
help hlm ouL from Lhls slLuaLlon Cn belng remembered by 8all rahlada appeared before hlm
8all requesLed hlm Lo descrlbe Lhe means whlch would be benedlcLory Lo hlm rahlada was
pleasanLly surprlsed by hls change of hearL and sald AL lasL you have reallsed your mlsLake
LlsLen 8all! A man who Lakes refuge ln Lord vlshnu and surrenders hlmself Lo hls wlll becomes
llberaLed from all Lhe mlserles and sorrows of llfe A man who has accepLed Lord vlshnu as hls
masLer need noL fear from anyLhlng noL even deaLh All Lhe Lhlngs whlch are vlslble ln Lhls
unlverse are Lhe varlous manlfesLaLlons of Lord vlshnu hlmself A devoLee of Lord vlshnu does
noL have Lo go Lo hell and he becomes llberaLed from Lhe cycles of blrLh and deaLh 1hls way
rahlada descrlbed abouL Lhe greaLness of Lord vlshnu and hls worshlp ln greaL deLall
8ALlS CuL8lLS 1C 8APLAuA
8all enqulred abouL Lhe vlrLues whlch a man aLLalns by Lhe worshlp of Lord vlshnu Pe also
asked rahlada abouL Lhe worshlp and lLs rlLuals by whlch Lord vlshnu ls pleased rahlada says
Sages belleve LhaL Lhe donaLlons whlch are made wlLh LoLal devoLlon and ln Lhe name of Lord
vlshnu exlsL forever Lord vlshnu ls exLremely pleased lf MalaLl ShaLavarl Champa !uhl and
nagar flowers are offered Lo hlm Pe ls also pleased when Lhe offerlngs of 8llva paLra Shaml
paLra 1amal and Amall paLra are made Lo hlm Pe ls pleased when sesame seeds are donaLed
durlng Lhe Plndu monLh of Magh A person who geLs a vlshnu Lemple consLrucLed llberaLes hls
ancesLors from Lhelr slns 8all you musL geL Lhe vlshnu Lemple consLrucLed and worshlp wlLh
compleLe devoLlon ?ou musL Lry Lo please Lord vlshnu by maklng donaLlons of cow [ewels
gold and land lf you engage yourself ln such vlrLuous acLlvlLles Lhen you wlll cerLalnly aLLaln
benedlcLlon AfLer saylng Lhls rahlada dlsappeared
AfLer rahladas deparLure 8all followed hls lnsLrucLlons falLhfully and engaged hlmself ln Lhe
worshlp of Lord vlshnu Pe lnsLrucLed vlshwakarma Lo consLrucL a magnlflcenL Lemple of Lord
vlshnu and sLarLed worshlpplng Lord vlshnu accompanled by hls wlfe Pe used Lo clean Lhe
Lemple premlses and offer Lhe arLlcles whlch were dear Lo Lord vlshnu 1hls way 8all and hls
wlfe vlndhyavall engaged Lhemselves ln Lhe worshlp of Lord vlshnu wlLh compleLe devoLlon
8LnLll1S Cl S1uu?lnC vAMAnA u8AnASLudy of vamana urana helps a man Lo enhance hls
knowledge and makes hlm free from all
klnds of worldly aLLachmenLs lL also lncreases hls love and devoLlon Lowards Lhe loLus feeL of
Lord vlshnu 1here are Len characLerlsLlcs evldenL ln all Lhe uranas 1) Sarg 2)vlsarg 3) SLhan
4) oshan 3) uLl 6) vrlLLl 7) 8aksha 8) ManvanLara 9) vansh 10)upashraya
Sarg deals wlLh Lhe descrlpLlons of Lhe orlgln of Lhls unlverse vlsarg enllghLens us as Lo how a
llvlng Lhlng Lransforms lLself from one specles Lo anoLher SLhan oshan uLl and vrlLLl deal wlLh
Lhe descrlpLlons of varlous means whlch are employed by a man for hls survlval 8aksha
descrlbes abouL Lhe varlous lncarnaLlons of Lord vlshnu whlch he Lakes for Lhe proLecLlon of Lhe
humanklnd ManvanLara deals wlLh Lhe compleLe descrlpLlon of Lhe hlsLory of Lhe whole
ManvanLara perlod vansh descrlbe abouL Lhe llneage of all Lhe klngs lncludlng Lord 8rahma
upashraya enllghLens us on Lhe real meanlng of 8rahma
ulasLya says A man who llsLens Lo Lhe dlvlne Lales of vamana urana aLLalns Lo vlshnu loka
afLer becomlng free from all hls slns Pe aLLalns Lhe same vlrLues whlch a performer of
Ashwamedha ?agya does Lven llsLenlng Lo one parL of vamana urana besLows greaL vlrLues
and equlvalenL Lo maklng pllgrlmage of numerous sacred places narada vamana urana ls Lhe
14Lh among all Lhe 18 uranas whlch descrlbes abouL Lhe ma[esLy of Lord vlshnu
llve names of Lord vlshnu have been menLloned ln vamana urana karan vamana narayan
AmlLvlkrama Shargang chakra and urushaoLLam A devoLee who chanLs any of Lhese sacred
names of Lord vlshnu and makes saluLaLlon elLher by speech LhoughL or deed aLLalns Lo vlshnu
loka
vAMAnA lnCA8nA1lCn
lnu8A uCLS LnAnCL 1C A1CnL lC8 PlS SlnS
ulasLya says afLer belng defeaLed by Lhe demons lndra wenL Lo 8rahma loka and narraLed hls
woeful Lale Lo hlm Sage kashyapa hls faLher was also presenL Lhere Lord 8rahma Lold lndra
LhaL he was reaplng Lhe frulLs of hls evll deeds Sage kashyapa Lold hlm LhaL hls mlserles were
due Lo Lhe sln acqulred by Lhe desLrucLlon of ulLls foeLus lndra asked boLh of Lhem how hls slns
could be aLoned Lord 8rahma advlsed hlm Lo Lake Srl Parls help
lndra Lhen wenL Lo Lhe norLh of kalln[ar MounLaln and sLarLed llvlng ln a hermlLage slLuaLed on
Lhe bank of rlver Mahanadl Pe dld penance for one year leased by hls devoLlon Lord vlshnu
appeared and blessed hlm saylng ?our ausLere penance has llberaLed you from Lhe sln of
desLroylng ulLls foeLus and very soon you wlll regaln your klngdom AfLer recelvlng Lhe
blesslng lndra wenL Lo AdlLls hermlLage and narraLed Lhe Lale of hls defeaL aL Lhe hands of
demons AdlLl knew LhaL lndra would noL have been defeaLed had Lord vlshnu been on hls slde
durlng Lhe baLLle So she wenL Lo Lord vlshnu and worshlpped hlm wlLh devoLlon Lord vlshnu
assured her LhaL very soon he would lncarnaLe as her son and desLroy Lhe demons Pavlng sald
Lhls a parL of Lord vlshnus effulgence enLered lnLo AdlLls womb
8ALl A8uSLS LC8u vlSPnuAfLer Lord vlshnu had esLabllshed hlmself lnslde AdlLls womb Lhe demons
became devold of
Lhelr radlance 8all was surprlsed by Lhls sudden developmenL and asked rahlada abouL lL
rahlada wenL lnLo deep medlLaLlon and saw Lord vlshnu manlfesLlng ln AdlLls womb AfLer
comlng ouL from hls medlLaLlve Lrance he Lold 8all LhaL Lhe demons had losL Lhelr radlance due Lo
Srl Parl who ls abouL Lo Lake lncarnaLlon aL Lhe requesL of Lhe delLles
1he arroganL 8all made fun of Srl Parl by saylng Who ls Lhls Srl Parl? We have many mlghLy
warrlors ln our ranks who are more powerful Lhan vasudev rahlada was a devoLee of Srl Parl
and he dld noL llke Lhe arroganL uLLerances of 8all Pe cursed hlm by saylng LhaL very soon he
would meeL hls downfall and lose hls klngdom AfLer belng cursed 8all reallsed hls mlsLake and
begged for forglveness rahlada Loo had calmed down by LhaL Llme and sald Lven Lhough Lord
vlshnu ls omnlpresenL l cursed you belng under Lhe lnfluence of my lgnorance My words wlll
cerLalnly become Lrue buL donL lose hearL Co and Lake refuge ln Srl Parl Lhe supreme proLecLor
Pe wlll llberaLe you from all your sorrows AfLer saylng Lhls rahlada wenL on hls pllgrlmage
1PL uLl1lLS 8LS1lnC uA?S
Lord vlshnu Lakes resL on Sheshnag durlng Lhe whole perlod of uLLarayan whlch beglns [usL
afLer Lhe lasL day of Lhe brlghL lunar phase ln Lhe Plndu monLh of Ashadh ls over AfLer he goes Lo
sleep all Lhe delLles Candharva uevamaLa eLc follow sulL
narada requesLed Sage ulasLya Lo shed llghL on Lhe days when Lhe delLles Lake resL Sage
ulasLya replled A devoLee should conslder Lhe elevenLh day of Lhe Plndu monLh of Ashadh
Shukla aksha when Lhe Sun enLers Lhe zodlac of Cemlnl as Lhe day when Lord vlshnu goes Lo
resL A devoLee should make a repllca of Sheshnag and afLer worshlpplng Lhe ldol of Lord
vlshnu lay hlm down Lo resL on Lhe LwelfLh day kamadev ls sald Lo Lake resL on Lhe LhlrLeenLh
day on hls bed made of kadamb flowers 1he ?akshaganas Lake resL on Lhe fourLeenLh day of Lhe
Plndu monLh of Ashadh Shukla aksha 1helr beds are made of yellow loLus Lord Shlva ls
belleved Lo Lake resL on urnlma Pls bed ls made of Llger skln
PomePome
6 MA8kAnuL?A u8AnA
ln18CuuC1lCn
Cnce !almlnl a dlsclple of sage veda vyasa expressed hls curloslLy before Markandeya C
Lord! ln Lhe greaL eplc MahabharaLa whlch was creaLed by veda vyasa descrlpLlon of uharma
ArLh kama and Moksha appears Lo be lnLerLwlned aL Llmes and aL oLher Llmes lL appears Lo be
separaLe from one anoLher veda vyasa had descrlbed Lhe norms Lhe sLages and Lhe means Lo
perform Lhe duLles ln all Lhe four sLages 1hls eplc conLalns crypLlc knowledge of vedas Pence C
greaL sage! l have approached you ln order Lo grasp Lhe full knowledge conLalned ln MahabharaLa
wlLh your help Why dld Lord Lake human lncarnaLlon even Lhough Pe ls Lhe cause of Lhe orlgln
perpeLuaLlon and desLrucLlon of Lhe unlverse? Pow dld uraupadl become Lhe wlfe of flve
andavas? Pow dld 8alarama explaLe for Lhe sln of kllllng a 8rahmln? Pow dld uraupadls sons
glve up Lhelr llves? klndly narraLe all Lhese Lhlngs ln deLall Markandeya says C Munl! resenLly l am
engaged ln evenlng worshlp Pence l do noL have
Llme Lo narraLe Lhese Lhlngs ln deLall 8uL l am Lelllng you abouL Lhe blrds whlch wlll narraLe you
Lhe enLlre conLenL of MahabharaLa 1hose blrds wlll also remove all your doubLs Sons of Lhe
greaL blrd urona lngaksha vlbodha SupuLra Sumuk eLc sLay ln Lhe caves among Lhe hllls of
vlndhyachal 1hey are proflclenL ln vedas Co and ask Lhem Lhey wlll remove all your doubLs
Markandeyas words surprlsed !almlnl 1o conflrm he asked agaln lL ls surprlslng LhaL Lhe blrds
could narraLe Lhe conLenL of MahabharaLa [usL llke human belngs lL ls even more surprlslng LhaL
Lhey are proflclenL ln vedas knowledge whlch ls even rare Lo flnd among humans klndly Lell
me how dld Lhey come Lo acqulre such profound knowledge desplLe havlng belng born ln Lhe
form of blrds Why do you call Lhem as Lhe sons of urona?
Markandeya says Long ago a sLrange evenL Look place ln nandanvan lnvolvlng lndra uevrlshl
narada and some of Lhe apsaras Cne day lndra was en[oylng hls Llme ln Lhe nandanvan foresL
along wlLh hls apsaras AL Lhe same Llme narada also arrlved Lhere lndra welcomed and offered
hlm a seaL 1he apsaras also greeLed narada lndra Lhen sald Munlvar! 1ell me whaL you deslre
now? lf you deslre Lo llsLen Lo a song should l order Lhe Candharvas or lf you wlsh Lo waLch Lhe
dance should l order one of my apsaras Menka 8ambha Mlshrakeshl or urvashl? Any of Lhese
four can perform a seduclng dance before you
narada expressed hls deslre Lo waLch Lhe dance of an apsara who was superlor ln beauLy Lo Lhe
oLher apsaras 1hls led Lo a row among Lhe apsaras Lach one of Lhem was proud of her beauLy
and LalenL narada Lhen advlsed Lhem Lo LesL Lhelr beauLy by breaklng sage uurvasas penance
who was aL LhaL Llme sLaylng on a hlllLop All Lhe apsaras expressed Lhelr lnablllLy Lo perform Lhls
Lask successfully Cnly an apsara named vapu drlven by her haughLlness accepLed Lo break Lhe
penance of sage uurvasa
Accordlngly she reached Lhe hlll where uurvasa was sLaylng and began Lo slng an lnfaLuaLlng song ln her
sweeL volce very soon Lhe song began Lo show lLs effecL on uurvasa ALLracLed by Lhe sweeL volce
uurvasa wenL ln search of Lhe orlgln of Lhe volce and found vapu slnglng aL a dlsLance uurvasa
undersLood LhaL Lhe apsara had come Lo break hls penance Angrlly he cursed Lhe apsara LhaL she
would
Lake blrLh ln Lhe llneage of Lhe blrds for slxLeen years she would noL bear a chlld and ulLlmaLely would
be
kllled by a weapon Lo regaln her heavenly abode AfLer saylng Lhls sage uurvasa mlgraLed Lo
Akashganga
vA8lCuS C8LA1lCnS Anu lAMCuS M?1PCLCClCAL CPA8AC1L8S
8l81P Cl lCu8 8l8uS
Markandeya says ln Lhe llneage of Lhe avlan klng Caruda Lhere were Lwo broLhers kank and
kandhar Cne day kank vlslLed kallash arbaL where a demon vldrayudrup who was a slave of
kubera was en[oylng prlvacy wlLh hls wlfe and drlnklng wlne Seelng kank Lhe demon showed
hls dlspleasure aL hls arrlval aL an lmproper Llme 8uL kank boldly asserLed hls rlghL on Lhe
mounLaln as accordlng Lo hlm lL belonged Lo all 1he lnfurlaLed demon decaplLaLed kank wlLh hls
sword
Pearlng Lhe news of hls broLhers kllllng kandhar resolved Lo klll Lhe demon AfLer performlng
Lhe lasL rlLes of hls broLher he also arrlved on Lhe mounLaln where Lhe demon vldrayudrup was sLlll
drlnklng wlne wlLh hls wlfe 1he demon losL hls Lemper agaln kandhar Lhen challenged Lhe
demon Lo have a flghL wlLh hlm A flerce baLLle ensued beLween Lhem ulLlmaLely kandhar kllled
Lhe demon 1he demons wlfe Madanlka flndlng herself ln a helpless slLuaLlon accepLed kandhar
as her husband 1hus kandhar reLurned Lo hls palace wlLh a newly found wlfe Madanlka was ln
facL Lhe daughLer of Menka Lhe apsara and could change her gulse aL wlll AfLer marrylng
kandhar she Look Lhe gulse of Lhe blrd 1he blrd Madanlka was born as apsara vapu ln her nexL
blrLh due Lo Lhe curse of sage uurvasa kandhar named her 1arkshl
A 8rahmln named Mandapal had four sons urona was Lhe youngesL among Lhem and proflclenL
ln scrlpLures vedas eLc kandhar marrled hls daughLer 1arkshl Lo urona AfLer Lhelr marrlage
urona and 1arkshl were spendlng Lhelr Llme happlly 1arkshl concelved durlng Lhe same Llme
when Lhe baLLle of MahabharaLa was golng on As desLlny would have lL 1arkshl flew over Lhe
baLLlefleld where she saw Ar[una and 8hagdaLL Lhe klng of rag[yoLlshpur flghLlng vallanLly
agalnsL each oLher AccldenLally an arrow almed aL 8hagdaLL wenL ln Lhe dlrecLlon of 1arkshl and
sLruck her ln Lhe abdomen and Lore lL aparL As a resulL of Lhls four eggs fell on Lhe ground AL
Lhe same Llme a huge bell fell from SupraLlks neck Lhe elephanL of 8hagdaLL and covered Lhe
eggs safely
AfLer Lhe baLLle of MahabharaLa was over a sage Shaml vlslLed Lhe baLLlefleld 1here he
happened Lo spoL Lhe bell and heard falnL chlrplng comlng from underneaLh Lhe bell 1he sage
removed Lhe bell and dlscovered four wlngless chlcks beneaLh lL Surprlslngly he sald Lo hls
dlsclples Look! lalllng of Lhese eggs and geLLlng safely covered by Lhe bell slmulLaneously
shows LhaL Lhese chlcks are no ordlnary blrds 1hen he lnsLrucLed hls dlsclples Lo carry Lhe eggs
Lo Lhe hermlLage and keep lL securely aL a place safe from predaLors 1he dlsclples dld as Lold
8l8uS MlC8A1L 1C vlnuP?ACPAL
Sage Shaml LhereafLer began Lo fosLer Lhe chlcks ln hls hermlLage WlLh Llme Lhe chlcks grew
feaLhers and began Lo fly here and Lhere 8uL every Llme Lhe blrds wenL ouL Lhey reLurned Lo Lhe
hermlLage by evenlng 1he blrds also galned vedlc knowledge by hearlng Lhe dlscourses whlch
sage Shaml used Lo glve dally Lo hls dlsclples
Cne day when sage Shaml was preachlng hls dlsclples Lhe blrds arrlved Lhere and sald C greaL
sage! ?ou are llke our faLher because you have proLecLed us ?ou are our Leacher also because we
have galned knowledge from you now we have grown up klndly Lell us whaL should we do?
1he blrds speaklng llke learned people amazed Lhe sage as well as hls dlsclple
Pe asked Lhe blrds 1ell us how dld you speak so clearly and ls Lhere any curse behlnd your
presenL condlLlon? 1he blrds replled C sage! Long ago Lhere used Lo llve a sage vlpulasvan
Pe had Lwo sons Sukrlsh and 1umbaru ln our prevlous blrLh we were Lhe sons of Sukrlsh
When our faLher and uncle performed ?agya we broughL Lhem all Lhe requlred maLerlals Cne
day lndra arrlved aL our hermlLage dlsgulsed as an aged blrd 1he aged blrd was sLarvlng hence
we requesLed our faLher Lo provlde hlm wlLh some food upon enqulrlng by our faLher Lhe blrd
expressed hls deslre Lo eaL human flesh Cur faLher Lrled Lo dlssuade Lhe blrd buL lL dld noL glve up
lLs lnslsLence 1hen our faLher called us and sald LhaL he had promlsed Lhe blrd Lo feed lL wlLh
human flesh So we were asked Lo donaLe our body ln order Lo saLlsfy Lhe blrds hunger 8uL belng
frlghLened we expressed our lnablllLy Lo meeL Lhe demand of Lhe sLarvlng blrd 1hls
lnfurlaLed our faLher for we were vlolaLlng hls promlse LhaL he had made Lo Lhe blrd Pe Lhen
cursed us Lo Lake blrLh as blrds ln our nexL llfe and hlmself goL ready Lo donaLe hls body As our
faLher was breaLhlng hls lasL lndra resumed hls real self and sald C greaL sage! l Look Lhls gulse
only Lo LesL your characLer klndly forglve me and Lell me whaL you deslre now? lndra blessed
our faLher Lo have dlvlne knowledge and penance free from all obsLacles 1hereafLer we also fell
aL our faLhers feeL and begged for hls pardon We requesLed hlm Lo Lake back hls words buL he
sald LhaL hls words would noL go fuLlle 8uL sLlll he blessed us Lo have supreme knowledge even
ln Lhe form of blrds
Concludlng Lhelr Lalk Lhe blrds sald C lord! 1hus conLrolled by desLlny our faLher cursed us
AfLer someLlme we Look blrLh ln blrd form ln Lhe baLLlefleld where you found us and fosLered us
ln your hermlLage now we are sLrong enough Lo fly long dlsLances So klndly free us from your
obllgaLlon Pearlng Lhe words of Lhe blrds sage Shaml sald Lo hls dlsclples Look! l had already
Lold you LhaL Lhese blrds were no ordlnary creaLures 1hey even survlved Lhe baLLle of
MahabharaLa lL shows Lhelr greaLness 1hen sage Shaml granLed Lhem permlsslon Lo mlgraLe Lo
Lhe vlndhyachal 1he blrds declded Lo pass Lhelr Llme by sLudylng Lhe vedas and dolng penance
as long as Lhey sLayed Lhere
ulvlnL LA?S Cl CCu
Sage !almlnl reached vlndhyachal and arrlved before Lhe blrds as per Markandeyas lnsLrucLlons
Pe sald C blrds! l am !almlnl Lhe dlsclple of veda vyasa l have come here wlLh a deslre Lo
have your gllmpse 1he blrds welcomed hlm saylng lL ls our greaL forLune LhaL you have arrlved
here ?our arrlval has made us feel as lf Cod hlmself has arrlved !almlnl sald C learned blrds!
klndly llsLen Lo Lhe purpose of my vlslL Sage Markandeya lnsLrucLed me Lo come here and see
you ?ou klndly answer my quesLlons LhaL l have ln Lhe conLexL of MahabharaLa 1he blrds
assured hlm of every posslble explanaLlon as per Lhelr knowledge Sage !almlnl proceeded Why
dld Lord Lake human lncarnaLlon even Lhough Pe ls Lhe cause of Lhe orlgln perpeLuaLlon and
desLrucLlon of Lhe unlverse? Pow dld uraupadl come Lo be Lhe queen of flve andavas? Pow dld
8alarama explaLe for Lhe sln of kllllng a 8rahmln? Pow were uraupadls sons aLLaln marLyrdom?
klndly narraLe all Lhese Lhlngs ln deLall
1he blrds say 1he omnlpoLenL omnlsclenL and Lhe omnlpresenL AlmlghLy Cod ls worshlpped
even by Lhe delLles We saluLe LhaL Lord vlshnu who ls Lhe orlglnaLor of Lhls unlverse and who
pervades everywhere We saluLe 8rahma from whose four mouLhs Lhe vedas appeared and
sancLlfled all Lhe Lhree worlds We bow down aL Lhe feeL of Mahadeva 1hose sages who have
meLaphyslcal knowledge asserL LhaL narayan exlsLs ln four forms whlch are boLh Langlble and
lnLanglble Pls flrsL form ls vasudev appearance of who ls more lmaglnaLlve ln naLure 1hls
form exlsLs everywhere and ln every ages
1he second form of narayan ls Lhe one LhaL bears Lhe earLh on hls head 1hls form of god ls
known as Shesh 8elng 1amasl ln naLure Lhls form has Laken a serpenL lncarnaLlon 1he Lhlrd
form of Cod exhlblLs hls dlvlne power and plays lL fosLers all Lhe creaLures proLecLs rellglon and
ls known as radyumna ?eL anoLher form of Cod known as Anlruddh resLs on Lhe serpenLs bed
ln Lhe abysmal depLh of waLer lL carrles ouL Lhe Lask of creaLlon 1he Lhlrd form of Cod desLroys Lhe
lrrellglous demons ln Lhe pasL Lhls same form rescued Lhe
earLh from Lhe abyss ln Lhe lncarnaLlon of a boar (varaha avaLar) and kllled Lhe demon klng
Plranyakashlpu ln Lhe form of narslmha (llon face wlLh human body) 1hls same form of Cod
has appeared now ln Lord krlshnas lncarnaLlon
u8AuAulS llvL PuS8AnuS
1he blrds say lrlghLened by Lhe severe penance of 1rlshlra lndra kllled hlm Lo proLecL hls auLhorlLy and
power 8uL Lhe sln of kllllng a 8rahmln Look away lndras radlance 1rlshlra was Lhe son of 1washLa
1washLa became furlous aL hls sons deaLh Pe plucked one sLrand of halr from hls halrlock and offered
lL
ln Lhe sacrlflclal flre 1hls resulLed lnLo Lhe creaLlon of a formldable and sLrong demon named vrlLrasur
1hls demon was creaLed wlLh Lhe ob[ecLlve of kllllng lndra
Learnlng abouL Lhe blrLh of vrlLrasur lndra senL SapLarlshls as emlssarles Lo work ouL a pacL wlLh
Lhe demon 1he SapLarlshls effecLed a frlendshlp beLween lndra and vrlLrasur 8uL lndra had
oLher ldeas Pe Look vrlLrasur by surprlse and kllled hlm 1hls decelLful acLlon of lndra furLher
enraged Lhe clans of Lhe demons Soon Lhe aLroclLles of Lhe demons lncreased Lo unbearable
llmlLs Lven rlLhvl felL unable Lo bear Lhe burden of Lhelr aLroclLles She approached Lhe delLles
and requesLed Lhem Lo geL her rld of Lhe burden
1hus Lo relleve rlLhvl of her burden Lhe delLles began Lo Lake lncarnaLlon on earLh uharma and
vayu lmplanLed lndras radlance ln Lhe womb of kunLl 1hls resulLed ln Lhe blrLh of ?udhlsLhlra
and 8hlma 1hen lndra hlmself produced Ar[una from kunLl nakul and Sahadev were born
because of lndras radlance lmplanLed by Ashwlnl kumars ln Lhe womb of Madrl 1hus all Lhe
flve andavas orlglnaLed from Lhe same source even Lhough Lhey appeared as dlsLlncL enLlLles
whereas uraupadl was none oLher Lhan Shuchl Lhe wlfe of lndra produced from Lhe alLar ln
urupads palace ln human lncarnaLlon uraupadl goL flve andavas as her husband
LxlA1lCn Cl 8ALA8AMA
Srl krlshnas broLher 8alarama had remalned lmparLlal ln Lhe baLLle of MahabharaLa lnsLead of
champlonlng Lhe cause elLher for Lhe andavas or for Lhe kauravas he had preferred Lo go on a
pllgrlmage Pls wlfe 8evaLl also accompanled hlm on Lhls pllgrlmage Cnce whlle Lravelllng
8alarama drank Loddy and enLered a beauLlful garden known as 8alvaL 1aklng a sLroll 8alarama
and 8evaLl Lhen reached a huL
ln Lhe huL many 8rahmlns were slLLlng and llsLenlng Lo SuLas oraLlon When Lhe 8rahmlns saw
8alarama Lhey sLood up and fellclLaLed hlm Cnly SuLa dld noL sLand up 8alarama felL lnsulLed
and aL once kllled hlm When 8alarama regalned hls composure afLer Lhe lnLoxlcaLlon receded he
felL gullLy for hls deed Pls bellef LhaL kllllng of SuLa would enable hlm Lo aLLaln a place ln
8rahma loka proved Lo be based on false noLlon as Lhe 8rahmlns had shunned hlm for hls deed
AfLer 8alarama reallsed hls folly he began Lo curse hlmself and resolved Lo observe a Lwelveyear long
fasL ln order Lo explaLe for hls sln 1hereafLer 8alarama mlgraLed Lo a place of
pllgrlmage known as raLlloma SaraswaLl Lo carry ouL hls explaLlon klLLlnC Cl u8AuAulS SCnS
ln 1reLa ?uga Lhere was a klng named Parlshchandra Cnce he was hunLlng ln Lhe Mahabahu
foresL when suddenly he heard loud crles of a woman Save me! Save me! lL was followed by
Lhe crles of many women Pearlng Lhose crles klng Parlshchandra shouLed loudly uonL be
afrald and dashed ln Lhe dlrecLlon of Lhe crles 1he crles however were an llluslon creaLed by
vlghnara[ Lhe lord of Lhe obsLacles AL LhaL Llme when klng Parlshchandra heard Lhose crles
sage vlshwamlLra was observlng severe penance ln Lhe foresL ln order Lo LesL Parlshchandras
vlrLuoslLy vlghnara[ enLered hls body As soon as vlghnara[ enLered Parlshchandras body
Parlshchandra losL hls Lemper and began Lo abuse vlshwamlLra whlch enraged hlm Pls anger
desLroyed all Lhe knowledge he had acqulred due Lo hls severe penance Seelng Lhe angry
vlshwamlLra klng Parlshchandra began Lo shlver WlLh folded hands he begged vlshwamlLras
pardon Pe sald C greaL sage! lL ls my duLy Lo proLecL Lhe sub[ecLs klndly forglve me ?our
wraLh could greaLly affecL Lhe performance of my duLles as a klng vlshwamlLra sald C klng! lf
you are a Lrue follower of rellglon Lell me who should be glven a donaLlon? Who should be
proLecLed and who should be foughL wlLh? Parlshchandra answered C greaL penancer!
uonaLlons should be made only Lo such a 8rahmln who lndulges ln fasL and rellglous acLlons
roLecLlon should be exLended Lo Lhose who are afrald and baLLle should be foughL wlLh enemles
vlshwamlLra sald lf you are a rellglous klng glve me uakshalna (donaLlon) as l am a 8rahmln
seeklng salvaLlon Parlshchandra sald 1ell me your deslre l am ready Lo granL lL vlshwamlLra
sald C klng! !usL presume LhaL l have recelved whaLever you would donaLe me now glve me
uakshalna for Lhe 8a[suya ?agya
Parlshchandra sald Ask me whaLever you wlsh Lo have as Lhe uakshalna of 8a[suya ?agya
vlshwamlLra sald C klng! Clve me all you have excepL your own body your wlfe and chlld
leellng pleased klng Parlshchandra granLed whaL vlshwamlLra deslred vlshwamlLra sald C
klng! 1ell me who ls Lhe lord of your klngdom? Parlshchandra sald Slnce Lhe momenL l have
presenLed Lhls klngdom Lo you you are lLs masLer vlshwamlLra sald lf l am Lhe masLer of Lhls
klngdom whaL are you dolng here? Leave aL once! 8uL before leavlng remove all your cloLhes
ornamenLs and oLher royal lnslgnla and go ouL wearlng Lrees bark only
1hus afLer loslng hls klngdom klng Parlshchandra goL ready Lo leave wlLh hls wlfe Shalvya and
son 8ohlL vlshwamlLra Lhen lnLercepLed hlm and sald Where are you golng wlLhouL paylng a
uakshalna for 8a[suya ?agya Parlshchandra sald C lord! l have donaLed my whole klngdom
now only our bodles remaln wlLh us WhaL can l glve you now? vlshwamlLra sald ?ou cannoL
leave wlLhouL paylng a uakshalna because you have promlsed me Parlshchandra sald uonL be
angry C 8rahmln! l have noLhlng aL presenL ln my poslLlon buL l wlll deflnlLely pay you your
uakshalna ln due Llme vlshwamlLra sald angrlly Speclfy Lhe Llme perlod wlLhln whlch you wlll
glve me my uakshalna or else be ready Lo geL cursed by me Parlshchandra sald l wlll pay Lhe
uakshalna wlLhln a monLh 1hereafLer Parlshchandra sLarLed Lo llve ln secluslon wlLh hls wlfe
and chlldren Seelng Lhe klngs plLlable condlLlon hls enLlre sub[ecLs began Lo follow hlm Seelng
Lhelr condlLlon Parlshchandra halLed and Look a look on hls sub[ecLs AL Lhe same Llme sage
vlshwamlLra also arrlved Lhere and began Lo curse Parlshchandra for havlng aLLachmenL Lowards
hls sub[ecLs Pearlng Lhe harsh words of vlshwamlLra Parlshchandra lefL Lhe klngdom wlLh hls wlfe
Shalvya and son 8ohlL 1o drlve Lhe klng away as soon as posslble vlshwamlLra began Lo
beaL Lhe queens back wlLh a sLlck
vlshwamlLras abhorrenL acLlon enraged Lhe flve guardlan delLles of Lhe dlrecLlons and Lhey
condemned hlm Lnraged vlshwamlLra cursed Lhem C slnners! Co and Lake blrLh as human
belngs 1hls curse of vlshwamlLra frlghLened Lhe delLles 1hey begged hls pardon leased by
Lhelr prayers vlshwamlLra sald My words cannoL be undone 8uL desplLe havlng lncarnaLlon of
human belngs you wlll remaln bachelors LhroughouL your llfe ?ou wlll never feel aLLachmenL
and alluremenL for anybody 1hus due Lo vlshwamlLras curse Lhose flve guardlan delLles Look
blrLh as Lhe flve sons of uraupadl uronacharyas son AshwaLLhama ulLlmaLely kllled Lhem
klnC PA8lSPCPAnu8A
AfLer belng Lhrown ouL from hls klngdom by vlshwamlLra Parlshchandra reached Lhe holy Lown
of varanasl whlch was an abode of Lord Mahadeva 1here Parlshchandra saw vlshwamlLra
sLandlng before hlm vlshwamlLra sald A monLh has been compleLed now now glve me my
uakshalna Parlshchandra sald 1here ls sLlll half an hour ln Lhe compleLlon of Lhls monLh
lease walL l wlll glve your uakshalna vlshwamlLra sald l wlll come afLer half an hour
Saylng Lhls vlshwamlLra deparLed
When vlshwamlLra lefL Parlshchandra sLarLed Lo worry as Lo whaL would happen Lo hlm ln hls
nexL blrLh lf he dld noL keep hls promlse made Lo a 8rahmln Seelng hlm perplexed queen
Shalvya Lrled Lo console hlm She sald Man requlres a wlfe only Lo produce a chlld now we
already have a chlld 8ohlL Pence l am no longer useful for you ?ou sell me and pay Lhe
acqulred wealLh as uakshalna Lo Lhe 8rahmln Parlshchandra falnLed afLer hearlng hls wlfes
words 1he queen began Lo wall aL her husbands condlLlon 1hus walllng Lhe queen also fell
unconsclous 1he llLLle 8ohlL also felL perplexed by hls parenLs condlLlon Pe began Lo cry C
faLher! C moLher! l am hungry Clve me food AL Lhe same Llme vlshwamlLra arrlved Lhere ln
Lhe gulse of kal AfLer sprlnkllng waLer on Parlshchandras face he made hlm consclous and
sald C klng! CeL up and pay my uakshalna ?our sorrows wlll lncrease lf you do noL fulfll your
promlse
Parlshchandra was regalnlng hls consclousness slowly buL seelng vlshwamlLra he falnLed once
agaln 1hls furLher enraged vlshwamlLra Pe sald C klng! lf you have even sllghLesL of respecL
for uharma glve my uakshalna aL once l wlll walL Llll evenlng and curse you lf you fall Lo pay
my uakshalna Saylng Lhls vlshwamlLra deparLed 1he fear of Lhe curse began Lo Lerrorlse
Parlshchandra Meanwhlle Lhe queen also regalned consclousness She once agaln lnslsLed Lo sell
her ln order Lo pay Lhe uakshalna 1hls Llme Parlshchandra accepLed her proposal and Look Lhe
queen Lo Lhe Lownshlp 1here addresslng Lhe crowd he sald C dear clLlzens klndly llsLen Lo me
l am selllng my wlfe who ls dearer Lo me Lhan my own llfe Anybody lnLeresLed ln buylng her
please do so before evenlng An old 8rahmln sLepped forward from Lhe crowd and sald l wlll
buy her Pearlng hls words Parlshchandra became exLremely sad LhaL he could noL even uLLer a
word 1he 8rahmln Lhen sLuffed Lhe money ln Lhe bark cloLhes of Parlshchandra and began Lo
drag Lhe queen by her halr 1he boy 8ohlL began Lo cry holdlng Lhe hem of her moLher Seelng
Lhe condlLlon of her son Lhe queen requesLed Lhe 8rahmln C Arya! klndly leL me see Lhe face of
my chlld for once 1hen Lhe queen Lurned Lowards 8ohlL and sald C son! ?our moLher ls no longer free
now She has become a slave uo noL Louch me because l have become an
unLouchable
1hen Lhe old 8rahmln began Lo forclbly drag Lhe queen wlLh hlm 8ohlL also followed Lhem
crylng loudly for hls moLher 1he old 8rahmln angrlly klcked hlm 8uL sLlll Lhe boy dld noL glve
up followlng Lhem AL lasL Lhe queen requesLed Lhe 8rahmln C lord! l wlll noL be able Lo serve
you wlLhouL my son So klndly buy hlm also Pearlng Lhe words of Lhe queen Lhe 8rahmln once
agaln sLuffed some more money ln Lhe cloLhes of Parlshchandra and Lled Lhe boy wlLh Lhe queen
and began Lo drag boLh of Lhem Meanwhlle vlshwamlLra also appeared Lhere and demanded Lhe
uakshalna Parlshchandra gave hlm all Lhe money he had goL from selllng hls wlfe and son
Seelng LhaL amounL of money vlshwamlLra bolled wlLh anger and sald C wreLched among Lhe
kshaLrlyas! ?ou call Lhls small amounL of money as uakshalna! now look aL Lhe powers of my
penance Parlshchandra Lrembled wlLh fear and sald C lord! lease walL a llLLle more
vlshwamlLra sald now only a quarLer of Lhe day remalns l wlll walL only for Lhls perlod and
noL more Saylng Lhls vlshwamlLra wenL away WlLh sLooped face Parlshchandra once agaln
sald addresslng Lhe crowd now l am avallable for sale Whoever wlshes Lo buy me please
come forward before sunseL uharma ln Lhe gulse of a Chandala sLepped forward from Lhe
crowd Pe had a huge sLlnklng body Pe sald l wlll buy you Parlshchandra asked Who are
you? 1he Chandala sald l am a Chandala My name ls raveer and l am Lhe resldenL of Lhls
very Lown Parlshchandra LhoughL lL ls beLLer Lo accepL Lhe curse Lhan accepLlng Lhe slavery of a
Chandala AL Lhe same Llme vlshwamlLra also arrlved Lhere and sald angrlly 1hls Chandala ls
ready Lo pay you a loL of money Why donL you Lhen pay my uakshalna? Parlshchandra sald C
lord! l am born ln Suryavansh AccepLlng Lhe slavery of a Chandala causes greaL paln for me l
have no money now Slnce now onwards l wlll be your slave and do whaLever you wlll ask me
Lo do vlshwamlLra sald lf you are my slave and ready Lo obey me Lhen l sell you Lo Lhls
Chandala for 1000 gold colns Co and become hls slave 1he Chandala Lhen presenLed many
vlllages LhaL were spread over an area of 100 ?o[ans Lo vlshwamlLra and Lylng Parlshchandra
wlLh a rope dragged hlm Lo hls Lown
ln Lhe Chandalas house Parlshchandra conLemplaLed 1he queen musL be Lhlnklng LhaL l would
soon geL her freed from Lhe slavery of Lhe old 8rahmln afLer paylng hls dues 8uL she does noL
know LhaL l myself have become Lhe slave of a Chandala AfLer a few days Lhe Chandala
appolnLed Parlshchandra as Lhe supervlsor of Lhe cremaLlon place and lnsLrucLed hlm Lo be Lhere
presenL all Lhe Llme and Lo cremaLe each dead body only afLer Lhorough lnvesLlgaLlon Pe also
lnsLrucLed hlm Lo collecL Lhe Loll for cremaLlng every dead body and dlvlde lL ln such a way LhaL
one slxLh parL of Lhe Loll goes Lo Lhe klng and from Lhe remalnlng flve parLs Lhree parLs should be
reserved for hlm he should Lake only Lhe remalnlng Lwo parLs as hls remuneraLlon Slnce LhaL day
Parlshchandra began Lo llve ln Lhe cremaLlon ground Pe always remembered Lhe glorlous days
of hls klngdom hls queen and hls son Pe had greaL regreL LhaL [usL because of Lhe anger of
vlshwamlLra he losL everyLhlng very soon hls new found occupaLlon began Lo show on hls
appearance Pls halr grew long and was unkempL hls body dry and sLlnklng ln Lhls gulse he
began Lo roam ln Lhe cremaLlon ground always carrylng a sLlck ln hls hand Pls whole day passed
ln Lhe assessmenL of Lhe cremaLlon Loll and lLs dlvlslon among Lhe varlous clalmanLs Pe had losL
hls menLal sLaLure as he even forgoL Lhe counL of Lhe days and could noL dlsLlngulsh beLween Lhe
day and nlghL Cne day a snake blL 8ohlL as a resulL of whlch he dled Shalvya broughL 8ohlL crylng and
walllng Lo Lhe cremaLlon ground Lven ln Lhe unkempL gulse she recognlsed Parlshchandra
Pearlng her walllng Parlshchandra wenL near her expecLlng Lo geL Lhe cloLhes of Lhe deceased
1here he saw a woman carrylng a dead boy wrapped ln a black cloLh Pe could noL recognlse
queen Shalvya buL Lhe royal appearance of Lhe boy forced hlm Lo Lhlnk 1o whlch royal famlly
dld Lhls unforLunaLe boy belong Lo? Pow plLlable Lhe cruel kal dld noL even spare Lhls boy My
son 8ohlL would have aLLalned Lhe same age by now Pls sllence furLher hurL Lhe queen who
sald C lord! C klng! Pow come you have been llvlng here wlLhouL carlng for your wlfe and
son? We have already losL our klngdom now we have losL our son also C desLlny! uld you noL
desLroy everyLhlng of Parlshchandra? Parlshchandra began Lo Lhlnk who LhaL woman could be
and who LhaL dead boy was? lsnL she my wlfe? 1hus recognlslng hls wlfe and dead son
Parlshchandra began Lo cry loudly and falnLed 1he queen afLer seelng her husbands condlLlon
falnLed Loo AfLer someLlme boLh of Lhem regalned Lhelr consclousness 1hen Lhe klng Look Lhe
dead boy ln hls lap and once agaln falnLed Cueen Shalvya began Lo wonder why Parlshchandra
was sLaylng ln Lhe cremaLlon ground lor a momenL she forgoL her sorrow and began Lo look aL
her falnLed husband 1hen she noLlced Lhe sLlck ln Parlshchandras hand usually Chandalas used
Lo carry LhaL klnd of sLlck She became de[ecLed wlLh Lhe LhoughL LhaL she had become Lhe wlfe of
a Chandala She Lhen began Lo curse Lhe desLlny and began Lo wall embraclng klng
Parlshchandra and sald C klng! l donL know wheLher l am dreamlng or lL ls a reallLy l have
losL Lhe power of Lhlnklng
Pearlng Lhe words of Lhe queen Lhe klng opened hls eyes and narraLed Lhe whole evenLs LhaL led
Lo hls becomlng a Chandala 1hen Lhe queen narraLed her experlences and how Lhelr son 8ohlL
dled because of snakeblLe Parlshchandra fell on Lhe ground and began Lo hug hls dead son Pe
was walllng Pow unforLunaLe l am LhaL even my wlshes are noL under my conLrol WlLhouL Lhe
permlsslon of Lhe Chandala l cannoL even commlL selflmmolaLlon 8uL now l wlll noL
dlfferenLlaLe beLween Lhe sln and vlrLuoslLy l wlll desLroy my body ln Lhe pyre of my son 1he
queen sald C klng! l am also unable Lo bear Lhe burden of sorrows l wlll also commlL
lmmolaLlon wlLh you 1hen all Lhree of us wlll sLay unlLedly ln Lhe heaven lL wonL maLLer Lo us
even lf we suffer Lhe LorLures of hell 1hen Lhe klng arranged a huge pyre and puL hls dead son on
lL WlLh Lhe queen he began Lo pray Lo Cod !usL Lhen all Lhe delLles arrlved Lhere led by uharma
Sage vlshwamlLra also accompanled Lhem 1hey pralsed Parlshchandra 1hen uharma lndra
and vlshwamlLra came closer Lo Lhe klng
uharma sald C klng! ?ou have saLlsfled me wlLh your merlLs llke paLlence endurance
LruLhfulness eLc lndra sald Parlshchandra you are very forLunaLe ?ou have won our hearLs
along wlLh your wlfe and son ?ou have even won Lhe heaven wlLh your acLlon l lnvlLe you Lo
sLay ln heaven along wlLh your wlfe and son 1hen lndra sprlnkled ambrosla on Lhe dead 8ohlL
8ohlL goL up and saL up ln no Llme Parlshchandra hls wlfe and son 8ohlL were clad ln dlvlne
cloLhes and garlands lndra lnvlLed Lhem Lo sLay ln Lhe heaven forever buL Parlshchandra sald C
klng of Lhe delLles! WlLhouL Lhe permlsslon of Lhls Chandala l cannoL go anywhere
uharma sald C klng! l had learnL ln advance abouL Lhe mlserles you would suffer ln fuLure
1haLs why l Look Lhe gulse of a Chandala and showed you all Lhe groLesque acLlon lndra once
agaln lnvlLed Lhem Lo heaven buL once agaln Parlshchandra refused saylng LhaL ln koshal
people musL have been llvlng mournfully ln hls absence l cannoL leave Lhem ln LhaL plLlable condlLlon
Lo en[oy Lhe comforLs of Lhe heaven sald Parlshchandra 1hen lndra uharma and
vlshwamlLra led Parlshchandra Lo Ayodhya Lhe caplLal of koshal 1here Lhey carrled ouL Lhe
coronaLlon of 8ohlL 1hereafLer Lhey Look Parlshchandra and hls queen Shalvya Lo Lhe heaven
1PL S1C8k Anu 1PL A818luCL
1he blrds say C greaL sage !almlnl! When klng Parlshchandra aLLalned hls heavenly abode
Lhelr famlly prlesL sage vashlshLa reemerged from waLer Pe came Lo know abouL Lhe enLlre
developmenL Pe was angry aL vlshwamlLras sLubbornness Pe aL once cursed vlshwamlLra Lo
become a sLork
Cn Lhe oLher hand vlshwamlLra cursed vashlshLa Lo become a parLrldge 1hus boLh of Lhem
Lurned lnLo blrds and began Lo flghL 1helr flghL caused greaL panlc all around AL lasL
accompanled by Lhe delLles 8rahma hlmself arrlved aL Lhe scene and dlssuaded Lhe blrds from
flghLlng 8uL 8rahma could noL convlnce Lhem and Lhey conLlnued Lo flghL
8rahma Lhen desLroyed Lhelr avlan appearances and boLh Lhe sages regalned Lhelr orlglnal form
1helr enemlLy Loo ended aL Lhe same Llme 8rahma explalned Lo Lhem LhaL vlshwamlLra had noL
done any harm Lo Parlshchandra ln facL he had fellclLaLed Parlshchandras ascend Lo Lhe heaven
8oLh Lhe sages felL ashamed and Lhey embraced each oLher before leavlng for Lhelr respecLlve
hermlLages
1he blrds say C greaL sage !almlnl! When klng Parlshchandra aLLalned hls heavenly abode
Lhelr famlly prlesL sage vashlshLa reemerged from waLer Pe came Lo know abouL Lhe enLlre
developmenL Pe was angry aL vlshwamlLras sLubbornness Pe aL once cursed vlshwamlLra Lo
become a sLork
Cn Lhe oLher hand vlshwamlLra cursed vashlshLa Lo become a parLrldge 1hus boLh of Lhem
Lurned lnLo blrds and began Lo flghL 1helr flghL caused greaL panlc all around AL lasL
accompanled by Lhe delLles 8rahma hlmself arrlved aL Lhe scene and dlssuaded Lhe blrds from
flghLlng 8uL 8rahma could noL convlnce Lhem and Lhey conLlnued Lo flghL
8rahma Lhen desLroyed Lhelr avlan appearances and boLh Lhe sages regalned Lhelr orlglnal form
1helr enemlLy Loo ended aL Lhe same Llme 8rahma explalned Lo Lhem LhaL vlshwamlLra had noL
done any harm Lo Parlshchandra ln facL he had fellclLaLed Parlshchandras ascend Lo Lhe heaven
8oLh Lhe sages felL ashamed and Lhey embraced each oLher before leavlng for Lhelr respecLlve
hermlLages
8l81P Cl LlvlnC C8LA1u8LS
!almlnl says C greaL blrds how does a llvlng belng Lake blrLh? Pow does lL grow ln Lhe womb
bearlng all Lhe paln? Pow does lL grow afLer Laklng blrLh? WhaL happens Lo Lhe soul afLer deaLh?
Pow does lL experlence Lhe frulLs of hls karmas? 1he greaLesL surprlse ls how does a llLLle foeLus
survlve ln Lhe womb klndly clear all Lhese doubLs 8lrds say Cnce upon a Llme a 8rahmln llved along
wlLh hls son SumaLl Cne day Lhe 8rahmln
lnsLrucLed SumaLl Lo sLudy vedas under Lhe LuLelage of a Leacher and hlmself wenL Lo Lhe foresL Lo
aLLaln 8rahmagyan Lhe knowledge whlch frees Lhe soul from LransmlgraLlon 8uL due Lo hls
lazlness SumaLl dld noL pay heed Lo hls faLher When hls faLher repeaLed hls lnsLrucLlon he
slmply laughed and sald C faLher! l know everyLhlng l have sLudled all Lhe vedas ln my
varlous blrLhs l have experlenced Lhe darkness of moLhers belly for many Llmes l have suffered
Lhousand klnds of dlseases ln my prevlous llves l have experlenced Lhe auLhorlLy as well as
slavery ln my prevlous blrLhs l had kllled as well as goL kllled by oLhers Pence l feel l have all
Lhe knowledge and l am sure LhaL l wlll deflnlLely aLLaln 8rahmapad SumaLls faLher was pleased
aL hls sons clalms and asked hlm how he aLLalned such vlrLuoslLy
SumaLl sald C faLher! l was a 8rahmln ln my prevlous blrLh l had aLLalned Lhe deslgnaLlon of
Acharya AfLer someLlme l became a recluse l was blessed wlLh an exLraordlnary memory
whlch l reLalned even afLer my deaLh 1hls ls Lhe reason why l remember Lhe self knowledge
aLLalned ln my prevlous blrLh WlLh Lhe supporL of Lhls knowledge and rellglous vlrLues l wlll
aLLempL Lo aLLaln salvaLlon 1ell me whaL you expecL from me l wlll Lry Lo fulfll your
expecLaLlons 1he 8rahmln Lhen asked many quesLlons relaLed Lo llfe and deaLh SumaLl
explalned Lhose querles Lhus
1hose who never Lell a lle who have falLh and devoLlon only such people dle peacefully
Whoevers mlnd ls free from Lhe evlls llke kama krodh Moha uwesh eLc (lusL anger
affecLlon [ealousy eLc) and who are alLrulsLlc ln naLure and make donaLlons llberally dle ln
peace 1hose who lack Lhese vlrLues suffer greaL paln aL Lhe Llme of deaLh As soon as such people
slghL ?amadooL Lhey begln Lo cry and call Lhelr relaLlves 8uL Lhelr relaLlves do noL undersLand
Lhelr calls 1hen Lhe dylng person Lurns away hls eyes and grasps for breaLh Pe feels greaL paln
when hls soul leaves hls body Lven afLer deaLh sufferlngs of such people do noL end 1hey have
Lo undergo scores of LorLures ln hell 1hose who donaLe umbrella shoes cloLhes and cereals
aLLaln heaven 1he slnners on Lhe oLher hand pass Lhrough dlfferenL hells and Lake blrLh as lnferlor
creaLure ln Lhelr nexL llves AfLer conLlnuous LransmlgraLlon Lhrough lower llfe forms Lhese
slnners once agaln Lake blrLh as human belngs buL are lmperfecL 1hey remaln dwarf hunched or
have any oLher deformlLy 1hen Lhey pass Lhrough all Lhe four casLes Shudra valshya kshaLrlya
and 8rahmln classes As Lhelr acLlon lmproves Lhey mlghL even aLLaln Lhe poslLlon of lndra
uLSC8l1lCn Cl ulllL8Ln1 PLLLS
ln18CuuC1lCn
1he 8rahmln says C son! uescrlbe ln deLall abouL hell
SumaLl says C faLher! ?amadooLs carry and lynch Lhose people who eaL lnedlble Lhlngs who decelve
and dlshonor Lhelr frlends who lndulge ln llllclL relaLlonshlps who deserL Lhelr wlfe and who desLroy
publlc properLles llke garden waLer sources eLc ?amadooLs Lle hands and legs of such people and Lhrow
Lhem lnLo Lhe flre Cn Lhelr way Lo hell such people are blLLen by crows sLorks wolves vulLures eLc
1hey
sLay ln Lhe lnferno for Lhousand years
1hen Lhey are shlfLed Lo anoLher hell named 1ama whlch ls always shrouded ln darkness
Slnners who klll Lhe cows and Lhelr broLhers are Lhrown lnLo Lhls hell 1hey panlc due Lo darkness and
exLreme cold 1hey geL noLhlng Lo eaL and drlnk Moreover chllllng wlnds aggravaLes Lhelr
mlserles by maklng Lhelr bones sLlff 1hese slnners Lhen drlnk Lhelr own blood and eaL Lhelr own
flesh 1hey sLay Lhere unLll all Lhelr slns have been aLLenuaLed compleLely
1hen Lhey are Lhrown lnLo yeL anoLher hell named nlkrlnLan whlch revolves llke Lhe wheel of a
poLLer PolsLlng Lhe slnners on Lhe wheel ?amadooLs cuL Lhelr organs buL sLlll Lhelr sufferlngs do
noL end because Lhe cuL organs re[oln and geL cuL repeaLedly 1hls conLlnues for Lhousand of
years 1hen Lhe slnners are puL ln ApraLhlsLh hell where Lhey experlence unbearable sorrow and
mlserles 1he slnners are Lhen puL ln Chakrasankar hell where Lhey are LormenLed wlLh wheels
and huge bells 1hey are dlsembowelled and Lhelr eyes are also prlcked 1he slnners have Lo pass
Lhrough dlfferenL hells namely AslpaLra 1apLakumbha and Lohakumbha
?AMAuCC1 Anu 1PL klnC Cl vluLPA
SumaLl says l was born ln a valshya famlly seven blrLhs before Lhls presenL one ln LhaL blrLh l
once prevenLed cows from drlnklng waLer As a resulL of Lhls sln l was Lhrown ln Lhe hell named
uarun where l spenL one hundred years wlLhouL a drop of waLer
Suddenly one day cool pleasanL wlnd began Lo blow lLs cool Louch gave some rellef Lo me l saw
LhaL a ?amadooL was guldlng a genLle looklng man 8esldes me all Lhe lnmaLes of Lhe hell felL
exLreme [oy by Lhe slghL of LhaL genLleman 1he genLleman was asklng LhaL ?amadooL as Lo why
he was belng Laken Lo Lhe hell lrom Lhe words of LhaL genLleman lL appeared LhaL he was a
renowned scholar 1haL man was ln facL Lhe ruler of a klngdom named vldeha and was popular
as Lhe fosLerer of hls sub[ecLs
uescrlpLlon Cf 1orLures ln Pell
1hus asked by Lhe genLleman ?amadooLs replled pollLely C klng! ?ou once dellberaLely
prevenLed your wlfe lvarl from concelvlng because you were more aLLracLed Lo your second
wlfe Sushobhana lL ls because of LhaL acLlon LhaL you have been broughL here Lo undergo severe
LorLure 1he rellglous mlnded klng sald l am wllllng Lo go where ever you wanL Lo Lake me buL
before dolng LhaL l would llke Lo have answers Lo my quesLlons l see many people undergolng
severe LorLures ln Lhls hell 8lg and frlghLenlng crows prlck Lhelr eyes 1ell me for whaL sln Lhey
are faclng such LorLures
?amadooL sald C klng! Pumans suffer or en[oy accordlng Lo Lhelr karmas 1he effecL of Lhelr
karmas dlmlnlshes ln proporLlon Lo Lhelr sufferlngs 1hese crows are prlcklng Lhe eyes of such
people who had seduced oLher women and decelLfully acqulred oLhers wealLh 1hese people wlll
suffer for Lhe same number of years as Lhelr eyes bllnked durlng Lhe leerlng 1hese crows prlck
Lhe Longues of Lhose people who had crlLlclsed vedas delLles 8rahmlns and Leachers 1hose who
caused dlfferences beLween frlends husbandwlves faLher and sons and relaLlves or kllled Lhe
performer of Lhe ?agyas are sufferlng under Lhe saw 1hose who lnsulLed Lhelr parenLs and
Leachers have been Lhrown ln Lhe plL of pus faeces and oLher excreLlons wlLh Lhelr head down
1hose who had food before offerlng lL Lo Lhe delLles guesLs servanLs faLher and elders flre and
blrds sLay ln a plL of pus lron nalls are hammered lnLo Lhe ears of Lhose people who gleefully heard Lhe
crlLlclsm of creaLures delLles 8rahmlns and vedas 1hose who remarrled Lhelr
daughLers Lo anoLher person desplLe her former husband belng allve are cuL lnLo pleces and
Lhrown lnLo a sallne rlver 1hose who beLrayed Lhelr frlends are Lled LlghLly wlLh a rope Worms
scorplon crows and owls Lhen blLe Lhelr bodles 1hose who en[oyed carnal lnLlmacy durlng
dayLlme or had llllclL relaLlons wlLh women are hammered wlLh nalls Lo a prlckly 8ombax Lree
1hose who lnsulLed vedas and flre are Lhrown from Lhe lofLy peaks of mounLaln C klng! 1hose
who sLeal gold Lhose who klll 8rahmln Lhose who drlnk wlne and Lhose who rape Lhe wlfe of
Lhelr Leacher are burnL ln flre
ALLenuaLlon Cf Slns
?amadooL says As a resulL of accepLlng money from a degraded person a 8rahmln Lakes blrLh
as an ass A 8rahmln who carrles ouL ?agya for a degraded person Lakes blrLh as worm afLer
undergolng severe sufferlngs ln dlfferenL Lypes of hell A person Lakes blrLh as an ass or an
lnferlor blrd as a resulL of abuslng hls parenLs A person who does noL worshlp hls LuLelary god
before eaLlng Lakes blrLh as a monkey 1ralLors Lake blrLh as flsh 1hose who sLeal cereals Lake
blrLh as mlce A Shudra who manages Lo esLabllsh lnLlmacy wlLh a 8rahmln woman Lakes blrLh
as a worm Slmllarly klllers of woman and chlldren also Lake blrLh as worms ungraLeful people
Lake blrLh as worm lnsecLs grasshoppers scorplon crows eLc Lncroacher of land Lakes blrLh as
grass shrubs creepers and lnferlor Lrees 8uLchers who klll bulls Lake blrLh as eunuchs 1hus a
person has Lo face Lhe resulL of hls karma accordlng Lo Lhe gravlLy of hls slns
SumaLl says As ?amadooL began Lo push Lhe klng ahead all Lhe creaLures ln hell gave a loud
cry C klng! lease sLay here for few more momenLs 1he wlnd LhaL blows Lowards us afLer
Louchlng your body glves us lmmense [oy 1hls wlnd has ended our sufferlngs and palns Pave
plLy on us 1he klng asked Lhe ?amadooL Why are Lhese people so [oyous by my presence?
?amadooL sald C klng! lnlLlally you used Lo susLaln your body by Lhe lefLovers of Lhe delLles
ancesLors guesLs and asceLlcs 1hls ls Lhe reason why Lhe wlnd LhaL blows Louchlng your body
causlng such pleasure Lo Lhese people
1he klng sald lf l can ellmlnaLe Lhe sufferlngs of Lhese slnners merely by sLandlng here l wlll
deflnlLely sLay here ?amadooL sald no you cannoL sLay here lL ls a place for Lhe slnners only
Come wlLh us ?ou wlll have Lo en[oy Lhe pleasure of your plous acLlon 1he klng sald no l
wlll noL go anywhere leavlng Lhese poor people ln Lhls plLlable condlLlon ?amadooL sald C
klng! Look uharma and lndra have Lhemselves arrlved Lo escorL you Lo Lhe heaven
uharma sald C klng! ?ou have worshlpped me Pence follow me Lo Lhe heaven 1he klng replled no l
wlll noL go anywhere leavlng Lhese Lhousands of people ln Lhe hell lndra sald Lveryone has Lo LasLe
Lhe
frulLs of hls karmas ?ou cannoL help Lhem 1he klng sald C lndra! 1ell me how vlrLuous was l ln my
prevlous llfe? uharma sald 1hough your plous acLlons are faLhomless be sure LhaL Lhelr slgnlflcance
are noL much Lhan drops of waLer ln an ocean Lhe sLars ln Lhe sky 1he klndness you have shown
Lowards Lhese slnners has furLher enhanced your vlrLuoslLy 1he klng sald lf lL ls so may all Lhese
people
be released from Lhelr sufferlngs by Lhe vlrLue of my good karmas lndra sald C klng! 8y your words
your plous acLlon has lncreased llke Lhe helghL of Lhe mounLaln and Lhese slnners have also been
released from Lhelr sufferlngs
lAMCuS M?1PCLCClCAL CPA8AC1L8S8LlnC CPAS1L Anu 8l81P Cl uu8vASA uA11A18L?A
CPAnu8AMA
8rahmln says C son! 1ell me whaL should l do now?
SumaLl says now you should become a vanprasLhl and lead a llfe of a 8hlkshu by havlng
conLrol over your senses ?ou wlll aLLaln LhaL rare ?oga whlch helps a man Lo unlLe wlLh Lhe
almlghLy afLer freelng hlm from Lhe cycles of blrLh deaLh and reblrLh
8rahmln says C son! now explaln Lo me abouL Lhls ?oga whlch besLows llberaLlon Lo a man
SumaLl says l am now descrlblng Lo you Lhe same LexL relaLed wlLh ?oga LhaL was once narraLed
by uaLLaLreya Lo Alarka
1he 8rahmln asked SumaLl Who was uaLLaLreyas faLher? Pow dld he acqulre Lhe knowledge of
?oga? Who was Alarka?
SumaLl says ln anclenL raLlsLhanpur (modern alLhan) Lhere llved a 8rahmln Pe was lnfllcLed
by leprosy because of Lhe slns he had commlLLed ln hls prevlous blrLh 1he 8rahmln was very
shorLLempered and used Lo scoff aL hls wlfe frequenLly 8uL hls wlfe was very chasLe ln characLer
and worshlpped hlm llke a delLy Cne day Lhe 8rahmln ordered hls wlfe Lo carry hlm Lo Lhe
prosLlLuLes house as he had become Loo weak and feeble 8elng chasLe Lhe wlfe collecLed some
money and began Lo carry Lhe 8rahmln on her shoulders Lo Lhe home of Lhe prosLlLuLe Cn Lhelr
way Lhey reached a place where sage Mandavya was hanged buL sLlll was allve ln Lhe darkness
Lhe woman could noL see Lhe Lhlngs clearly and Lhe 8rahmln who was rldlng her shoulders
happened Lo Louch Lhe sage 1he sage cursed angrlly LhaL whoever had Louched hlm would dle
before sunrlse Pearlng Lhe words of Lhe sage Lhe 8rahmlns wlfe Lhundered LhaL Lhere would be
no sunrlse Lomorrow
Words of Lhe woman came Lo be Lrue as nexL mornlng Lhe Sun dld noL rlse 1hus Lhe whole
world was shrouded ln darkness as a resulL of whlch Lhe delLles became worrled 1he delLles
apprehended LhaL wlLhouL Lhe occurrence of sunrlse Lhe whole unlverse mlghL be desLroyed 1hey
were also worrled LhaL wlLhouL Lhe dlfferenLlaLlon of day and nlghL how could Lhe monLhs be
calculaLed and Lhe seasons known Lven Lhe calculaLlon of year would be lmposslble 1he
chasLlLy of 8rahmlns wlfe had forced even Lhe mlghLy sun Lo eschew lLs dally rouLlne As a resulL
of Lhls rellglous acLlvlLles llke Pavan ?agya eLc also came Lo a halL Seelng Lhem perplexed
8rahma advlsed Lhe delLles Lo euloglse Ansuya Lhe wlfe of sage ALrl All Lhe delLles Lhen pleased
Ansuya who assured Lhem Lo convlnce Lhe wlfe of Lhe 8rahmln Lo reLracL her words AfLer LhaL
Ansuya reached Lhe 8rahmlns huL and sald Lo hls wlfe C forLunaLe one! May you always serve
your husband wlLh full dedlcaLlon A chasLe woman en[oys half Lhe vlrLues of her husband whlch
he earns by hls rellglous acLlvlLles
8rahmlnl sald l am blessed Loday LhaL Lhe delLles have aL lasL glanced aL me now Lell me whaL
should l do? Ansuya sald C Sadhvl! ln Lhe absence of Lhe day all Lhe rellglous acLlvlLles have
ceased Lo exlsL 1he world ls on Lhe verge of exLlncLlon Cnly your wlsh can proLecL Lhe world
from lmmlnenL calamlLy Pence be pleased now and allow Lhe Sun Lo rlse as usual 8rahmlnl
sald C forLunaLe one! Sage Mandavya had cursed LhaL my husband would dle wlLh sunrlse l cannoL
afford Lo lose my husband Ansuya sald uonL worry C chasLe woman! l wlll resurrecL
your husband So klndly allow Lhe Sun Lo rlse now
1hen Ansuya lnvoked Lhe Sun by offerlng waLer as an oblaLlon Powever Lhe leperlnfllcLed
8rahmln dled as soon as Lhe Sun rose 1hen by Lhe powers of her penance Ansuya resurrecLed
Lhe 8rahmln and Lransformed hlm lnLo a dlseasefree handsome young man She also blessed Lhe
couple Lo llve for hundred years 1he delLles were pleased wlLh Ansuya and asked her Lo seek a
boon Ansuya expressed her deslre Lo glve blrLh Lo Lhe LrlnlLy of 8rahma vlshnu and Mahesh as
her sons 1he LrlnlLy blessed her wlLh Lhls boon ln due course of Llme 8rahma vlshnu and
Mahesh Look blrLh as Chandrama uaLLaLreya and uurvasa from Ansuya
uA11A18L?AS 8LACPLS kA81AvLL8?A A8!unA
SumaLl says C faLher! AfLer Lhe demlse of karLaveerya hls mlnlsLers and prlesLs declded Lo
crown hls son Ar[una as Lhelr new klng 8uL Ar[una refused saylng LhaL he would noL become Lhe
klng unless and unLll he had aLLalned Lhe sLaLus of a ?ogl Sage Carg Lhen advlsed Ar[una Lo
worshlp uaLLaLreya who had helped Lhe delLles Lo reunlLe afLer Lhe defeaL of Lhe demons
AfLerwards Ar[una mlgraLed Lo uaLLaLreyas hermlLage and began Lo worshlp and serve hlm
leased by hls penance and servlce uaLLaLreya asked Ar[una Lo seek a boon Ar[una sald C
lord! klndly bless me wlLh such a power whlch enables me Lo perform my duLles as a klng ln a
[usL manner May nobody maLch me ln war and may l have one Lhousand arms l wlsh Lo geL
kllled only by such a person who ls more vlrLuous Lhan me and may l gulde Lhe people Lowards
Lhe rlghL paLh May nobody ln my klngdom remaln poor and may my devoLlon for your loLus feeL
be eLernal uaLLaLreya sald C son! All of your wlshes shall come Lrue WlLh my blesslngs you
shall rule over all Lhe four dlrecLlons 1hen uaLLaLreya crowned Ar[una as Lhe klng Large
number of people wlLnessed hls crownlng ceremony Soon afLer becomlng Lhe klng karLaveerya
Ar[una ordered LhaL nobody ln hls klngdom should wleld a weapon excepL hlm
kuvALA?ASPvA Anu 1PL PC8SL kuvALA?A
SumaLl says C faLher! now llsLen Lo Lhe Lale of a 8rahmln named Alarka Long ago Lhere llved a
klng named ShaLru[lL who had a merlLorlous son 8lLudhwa[ rlnce 8lLudhwa[ had many frlends
wlLh whom he used Lo play wlLh ln course of Llme Lwo sons of AshwaLar Lhe klng of nagas
became hls frlends ln Lhe gulse of 8rahmln boys 8oLh of Lhem were young and goodlooklng
8oLh of Lhem used Lo pass Lhe enLlre day ln Lhe company of 8lLudhwa[ 1hey would reLurn Lo
Lhelr abode ln aLal loka only aL nlghL Cn belng enqulred by Lhelr faLher Lhey revealed Lhe
reason abouL Lhelr laLe arrlval aL home 1hey sald C faLher! up Lhere on Lhe land Lhere ls a
prlnce named 8lLudhwa[ Pe ls Lhe son of klng ShaLru[lL Pe ls very handsome genLle brave
LruLhful knowledgeous and merlLorlous We en[oy hls company AshwaLar sald rlnce
8lLudhwa[ ls really blessed for even Lhe merlLorlous people llke you pralse hlm 8uL have you
done anyLhlng Lo make hlm happy? Pls sons asked WhaL can we do for hls pleasure? We flnd
ourselves lncapable of pleaslng such a person whose rlches are even rare for aLal loka
AshwaLar sald Lven Lhen l wlsh Lo hear abouL Lhe characLerlsLlcs of your new frlend 1he sons sald C
faLher! Cnce Lhe prlnce narraLed us a Lale we are golng Lo relaLe lL now A
8rahmln named Calav llved ln klng ShaLru[lLs klngdom Cne day he arrlved ln Lhe courL of Lhe
klng rldlng on a horse and sald C klng! lor Lhe pasL many monLhs a wreLched demon has been
LormenLlng me and causlng severe dlsLurbances ln my dally rlLuals Pe ls capable of Laklng any
gulse aL wlll ulsgulslng as an elephanL llon Llger wolf and many oLher wlld anlmals he
Lerrorlses me lL has become very dlfflculL for me Lo do my medlLaLlon Cne day ln my
frusLraLlon l leL ouL a deep slgh As soon as l dld so Lhls dlvlne horse descended from Lhe sky l
heard a heavenly volce whlch sald C 8rahmln! 1hls horse ls capable of clrcumambulaLlng Lhe
enLlre earLh wlLhouL geLLlng Llred lL can cllmb lofLy mounLalns efforLlessly and can also run ln all
Lhe Lhree worlds wlLh Lhe same speed Pence Lhls horse shall be renowned as kuvalaya 8ldlng
lL Lhe son of klng ShaLru[lL wlll klll Lhe demon LhaL LormenLs you day and nlghL C klng! 1haL ls
Lhe reason LhaL l have arrlved ln your courL wlLh Lhls horse klndly accepL lL and lnsLrucL your son
Lo rlde lL and klll Lhe demon klng ShaLru[lL saw hls son 8lLudhwa[ off wlLh Lhe 8rahmln rldlng
LhaL dlvlne horse
kuvalaya goes Lo aLal Loka kllllng of demon aLal keLu and marrlage wlLh Madalasa rlnce
8lLudhwa[ sLayed ln Lhe hermlLage of sage Calav and helped hlm Lo perform hls ?agyas wlLhouL
any problem by clearlng all Lhe mlnor obsLacles 1he demons were noL aware of hls arrlval ln Lhe
hermlLage Cne day a demon arrlved ln Lhe hermlLage dlsgulsed as a wlld boar and began Lo rub
hls bushy head agalnsL Lhe body of sage Calav Seelng Lhls hls dlsclples began Lo scream rlnce
8lLudhwa[ aL once rode Lhe horse and wleldlng a weapon dashed afLer Lhe boar 1he prlnce
ln[ured Lhe boar wlLh an arrow whlch was slckleshaped 1he demons fled from Lhe scene rlnce
8lLudhwa[ followed Lhe boar everywhere lL wenL on Lhe mounLalns ln Lhe foresLs and on Lhe
rlverbank Pe was deLermlned Lo slay Lhe demon LhaL had been dlsLurblng Lhe sage for long
ulLlmaLely Lhe boar [umped lnLo a plL 8lLudhwa[ also followed lL buL could noL see Lhe boar
anywhere ln Lhe plL lnsLead he saw a beauLlful Lown whlch could have maLched even Lhe abode
of lndra Pe enLered Lhe Lown where he saw an exLremely preLLy glrl who was walklng brlskly
8lLudhwa[ Lrled Lo know abouL her desLlnaLlon buL she lgnored hlm and cllmbed Lhe sLalrs of a
palace 8lLudhwa[ also followed her and ln Lhe palace he saw a beauLlful glrl slLLlng on a
bedsLead As soon as Lhe glrl saw hlm she falnLed Per beauLy aLLracLed even 8lLudhwa[ Pe
assured her LhaL Lhere was noLhlng Lo be afrald abouL 1hen Lhe same glrl whom 8lLudhwa[ had
slghLed earller came Lhere and began Lo fan Lhe falnLed lady 1he prlnce enqulred abouL Lhe
reason of her unconsclousness 8uL Lhe glrl dld noL say anyLhlng lnsLead she whlspered
someLhlng ln Lhe ears of her frlend who Lhen sald C sLranger! 1hls ls Lhe daughLer of
vlshwavasu Lhe klng of Candharvas Per name ls Madalasa Cne day whlle she was playlng ln
her garden a demon aLalkeLu abducLed her Slnce Lhen she sLays here ln hls capLlvlLy Cn Lhe
comlng LhlrLeenLh day of Lhls monLh LhaL demon wlll marry her 8uL he doesnL deserve Lo be her
husband ?esLerday she was ready Lo commlL sulclde buL Lhe cow Surabhl assured her LhaL a
man from Lhe earLh would come and klll Lhe demon Cnly he would be sulLable for my frlend l
am her frlend My name ls kundala l am Lhe daughLer of vlndhyavan and wlfe of ushkarmall
My husband had been kllled by Lhe demon Shumbh Slnce Lhen l have been Lourlng varlous
places of pllgrlmage ln order Lo recelve salvaLlon 1haL wreLched aLalkeLu had Laken Lhe gulse of
a boar buL a brave man has ln[ured hlm wlLh hls arrow l have arrlved here only Lo lnvesLlgaLe
who ls LhaL man uo noL worry abouL my frlends unconsclousness She has falnLed because of
your lnfaLuaLlng handsomeness She has begun Lo love you buL her problem ls LhaL only LhaL man can
marry her who has ln[ured Lhe boar 1hls LhoughL has caused her Lo lose her consclousness
now reveal your ldenLlLy
8lLudhwa[ sald l am Lhe son of klng ShaLru[lL l have been sLaylng ln Lhe hermlLage of sage
Calav Lo proLecL Lhe sages !usL a few days back a boar arrlved ln Lhe hermlLage and began Lo
LormenL Lhe sages l have ln[ured LhaL boar wlLh my arrow now l have arrlved here followlng
LhaL boar and happened Lo see you
Pearlng Lhe words of 8lLudhwa[ Madalasa felL shy as well as exLreme [oy kundala Lhen sald Lo
her frlend 1he prlnce speaks Lhe LruLh Words of Surabhl cannoL go wrong She Lhen sald Lo
8lLudhwa[ C brave man! uoubLlessly you have kllled Lhe demon aLalkeLu My frlend
Madalasa ls blessed now now lLs your duLy Lo marry my frlend and Lake her home as your
brlde 8lLudhwa[ sald Pow can l marry your frlend wlLhouL Lhe permlsslon of my faLher l am
sLlll noL fully lndependenL kundala sald lease do noL say Lhls My frlend ls a dlvlne beauLy
Marry her rlghL now rlnce 8lLudhwa[ Lhen agreed Lo marry Madalasa Lhen and Lhere Madalasa
happlly remembered Lhelr famlly prlesL 1umbaru who arrlved Lhere lnsLanLaneously ln Lhe
presence of sacred flre 1umbaru carrled ouL Lhe rlLuals of marrlage and Lled Lhem ln nupLlal knoL
1hereafLer blesslng Lhe newly wed couple 1umbaru and kundala Look Lo Lhelr respecLlve paLhs
Cn Lhe oLher hand when 8lLudhwa[ and Madalasa sLarLed off rldlng Lhe horse kuvalaya
demons army surrounded Lhem A flerce baLLle followed ln no Llme prlnce 8lLudhwa[ slayed Lhe
enLlre army and reached hls klngdom 1here he narraLed Lhe whole lncldenL Lo hls faLher
ShaLru[lL klng ShaLru[lL felL very much pleased by Lhe prowess of hls son and blessed Lhem
hearLlly 1hereafLer 8lLudhwa[ came Lo hls palace wlLh hls wlfe Madalasa 1hey Lhen began Lo
llve happlly
SLA8A1lCn Cl MAuALASA
1he newlywed couple had hardly spenL few monLhs LogeLher when klng ShaLru[lL once agaln
lnsLrucLed 8lLudhwa[ Lo Lravel across Lhe enLlre earLh and see wheLher Lhe 8rahmlns were
performlng Lhelr rellglous duLles wlLhouL any obsLacles 8lLudhwa[ obeyed Lhe dlcLaLes of hls
faLher Pe used Lo scale vasL dlsLances for Lhe whole day and reLurned Lo hls wlfe only aL nlghL
Cne day he noLlced LhaL a sage was sLaylng aL Lhe bank of rlver ?amuna Pe was ln facL 1alkeLu
Lhe younger broLher of aLalkeLu 8uL Lhe prlnce could noL recognlse hlm 1haL sage approached
8lLudhwa[ and requesLed hlm Lo exLend hls proLecLlon over hls hermlLage as he was abouL Lo sLarL
?agyas Pe also begged for Lhe preclous necklace of Lhe prlnce on Lhe preLexL LhaL he had noLhlng
Lo pay as uakshalna 1he gulllble prlnce gave hls necklace Lo Lhe sage 1hen lnsLrucLlng Lhe
prlnce Lo guard Lhe hermlLage and promlslng Lo reLurn soon Lhe sage lefL
ln facL Lhe sage who was acLually a demon arrlved ln Lhe courL of klng ShaLru[lL Madalasa was
also presenL ln Lhe courL Pe sald rlnce 8lLudhwa[ sacrlflced hls llfe flghLlng wlLh Lhe demon
whlle proLecLlng my hermlLage 8efore hls deaLh he gave me hls necklace Pls horse has been
capLured by Lhe demon l have broughL Lhls necklace Lo you Lo lnform you abouL LhaL sad
lncldenL AfLer glvlng Lhe necklace Lo Madalasa Lhe demon reLurned Lo Lhe hermlLage Pearlng Lhe
news of her husbands deaLh Madalasa also gave up her llfe Mournlng soon
enveloped Lhe enLlre palace Seelng Lhe deaLh of hls daughLerlnlaw Madalasa klng ShaLru[lL
was ln a dllemma as for whose deaLh should he mourn A llLLle conLemplaLlon led hlm Lo Lhe
concluslon LhaL lL would be fuLlle Lo mourn hls son 8lLudhwa[s deaLh because he had dled for a
noble cause 8uL hls daughLerlnlaw had followed Lhe sLeps of her husband so her deaLh should
be mourned for 1he queen also supporLed Lhe klng 1hereafLer Lhe klng performed Lhe lasL rlLes
of boLh of Lhem
When 1alkeLu reLurned Lo hls hermlLage he found 8lLudhwa[ sLlll sLandlng alerL ln a sweeL Lone
1alkeLu sald l am obllged by you C prlnce! SLaylng here wlLh unwaverlng mlnd you have
execuLed my deslred Lask l have meL my ob[ecLlve so you may go now rlnce 8lLudhwa[ Lhen
reLurned Lo hls palace rldlng hls horse
MAuALASA lS 8L8C8n
When prlnce 8lLudhwa[ reached Lhe caplLal everyone expressed hls pleasure wlLh surprlse
8lLudhwa[ meL everyone happlly and wenL Lo Lhe palace of hls parenLs 1hough Lhe klng and Lhe
queen blessed hlm buL sad expresslon on Lhelr face surprlsed Lhe prlnce upon enqulry Lhe klng
relaLed Lhe enLlre lncldenL and also how hls wlfe Madalasa had dled 1he news of Madalsas deaLh
shocked 8lLudhwa[ 1hen consoled by hls parenLs and frlends prlnce 8lLudhwa[ carrled ouL Lhe
necessary consecraLlons Lo paclfy Lhe soul of hls dead wlfe Pe had declded never Lo marry agaln
1he sons of Lhe nag sald C faLher! now prlnce 8lLudhwa[ llves llke an asceLlc Pe never casLs
hls eyes on women and only lndulges ln playlng wlLh people of hls age Pence all we can do for
hlm ls Lo keep hlm happy
Pearlng Lhe enLlre Lale nagra[ fell ln deep LhoughL AfLer someLlme he sald Lo hls sons wlLh a
laughLer C sons! now l wlll do such a Lhlng LhaL wlll brlng back Lhe smlle of 8lLudhwa[ Saylng
Lhls nagra[ AshwaLar reached lakshavaLaran a place of pllgrlmage aL Lhe fooLhllls of
Plmalayas along wlLh hls broLher kambal 1here Lhey began Lo do severe penance Lo please
Coddess SaraswaLl AL lasL SaraswaLl appeared before Lhem and asked Lhem Lo seek a boon
AshwaLar requesLed her Lo bless boLh of Lhem wlLh a sweeL and melodlous volce AfLer granLlng
Lhem Lhls boon Coddess SaraswaLl dlsappeared 8y her blesslngs AshwaLar and hls broLher
kambal became famous slngers 1hen Lhey began worshlpplng Lord Shlva slnglng sweeL and
melodlous hymns leased by Lhelr prayers Lord Shankar also asked Lhem Lo seek a boon AL
LhaL AshwaLar sald C lord! l wlsh LhaL 8lLudhwa[s wlfe Madalasa Lakes blrLh as my daughLer
Lord Shankar sald WlLh my blesslngs your wlsh shall come Lrue uurlng Lhe Shradha perlod
you yourself Lake Lhe mlddle porLlon of Lhe lnd (food offered Lo dead ancesLors) and
conLemplaLlng on me offer oblaLlons Lo your ancesLors Madalasa wlll emerge from your
mlddlehood
8owlng before Lord Shlva LhereafLer boLh Lhe broLhers reLurned Lo Lhelr klngdom ln aLal loka
AshwaLar organlsed a Shradha ln Lhe same way as Lold by Lhe Lord and consumed Lhe mlddle
porLlon of Lhe food offered Lo Lhe ancesLors 1hen conLemplaLlng on Lhe deslred ob[ecL he leL ouL
a deep slgh lnsLanLaneously Madalasa emerged from hls mlddlehood AshwaLar dld noL reveal
Lhls facL Lo anybody and made adequaLe arrangemenLs so LhaL she could llve ln secrecy 1hereafLer one
day he lnsLrucLed hls sons Lo brlng Lhelr frlend 8lLudhwa[ Lo Lhe palace 8oLh Lhe
sons once agaln [olned Lhe company of 8lLudhwa[ Cne day whlle playlng Lhey lnslsLed hlm Lo
vlslL Lhelr palace 1he prlnce gladly accompanled Lhem ln aLal loka he was amazed Lo see hls
8rahmln frlends geLLlng Lransformed lnLo serpenLs 1hey Look 8lLudhwa[ Lhrough Lhe sLreeLs and
lanes of Lhelr klngdom ulLlmaLely Lhey reached Lhe palace of AshwaLar lnLroduclng 8lLudhwa[
Lhe serpenL prlnces sald C faLher! 1hls ls our brave frlend 8lLudhwa[ 8lLudhwa[ greeLed
AshwaLar respecLfully and recelved hls blesslngs AshwaLar sald Lo hlm Long llve C prlnce! My
sons always slng pralse of your dlvlne vlrLues l requesL you Lo sLay wlLh us for a few monLhs and
en[oy Lhe pleasures of aLal loka
8l1uuPWA! 8Lunl1LS Wl1P MAuALASA
8lLudhwa[ sLayed ln Lhe palace of AshwaLar nagra[ dld hls besL Lo keep 8lLudhwa[ happy and
forgeL Lhe sorrow of hls wlfes separaLlon uurlng hls sLay AshwaLar Lrled many Llmes Lo coax
8lLudhwa[ lnLo reveallng hls hearLlesL deslre 8uL every Llme 8lLudhwa[ lnLelllgenLly avolded Lhe
Loplc Cnce klng AshwaLar ln 8lLudhwa[s presence asked hls sons whaL should be done Lo
please hlm 1hey lnformed Lhe klng LhaL noLhlng less Lhan Madalasa would please Lhe prlnce
mosL and LhaL Lhe prlnce was eager Lo see hls deceased wlfe once more
rlnce 8lLudhwa[ also sald shyly LhaL he would be greaLly obllged lf nagra[ could help hlm Lo
have a slghL of hls deceased wlfe AshwaLar sald C son! lf you wlsh Lo see Lhe llluslon come
on have a slghL of your deceased wlfe Saylng Lhls nagra[ called Madalasa who was sLaylng
secreLly ln hls palace and asked 8lLudhwa[ 1ake a good look C son lf she ls your wlfe Seelng
hls wlfe before hlm Lhe prlnce falnLed When he regalned hls consclousness he sLepped forward
Lo Louch her buL AshwaLar sLopped hlm cauLlonlng LhaL she was noL real buL llluslonary and would
vanlsh as soon as he Louched her
Pearlng Lhls 8lLudhwa[ once agaln losL hls consclousness When he regalned hls consclousness
he uLLered noLhlng buL Shes mlne! Shes mlne! Seelng Lhe plLlable condlLlon of Lhe prlnce
nagra[ revealed Lhe whole sLory of Madalsas resurrecLlon 8lLudhwa[ became exLremely [oyous
afLer reunlLlng wlLh hls wlfe 1hen he conLemplaLed on hls dlvlne horse as a resulL of whlch lL
appeared wlLhln a momenL 8ldlng Lhe horse prlnce 8lLudhwa[ reLurned Lo hls klngdom wlLh hls
wlfe Madalasa
8l81P Cl MAuALASAS SCnS
AfLer reLurnlng Lo hls faLhers klngdom 8lLudhwa[ narraLed Lhe whole lncldenL Lo hls parenLs of
how he regalned Madalasa 1hen Lhey began Lo llve happlly AfLer many years klng ShaLru[lL
crowned 8lLudhwa[ as Lhe klng AfLer klng 8lLudhwa[s accesslon Lo Lhe Lhrone Madalasa gave
blrLh Lo her flrsL son 8lLudhwa[ named Lhe chlld as vlkranL AfLer someLlme Madalasa gave blrLh
Lo her second son whom 8lLudhwa[ named as Subahu SubsequenLly Lhelr Lhlrd son was born and
named ShaLrumardan AfLer Lhe namlng ceremony of Lhe Lhlrd son Madalasa could noL help
laughlng as she was very amused by such a name glven Lo her son 1he meLaphyslcal
knowledge whlch Madalasa gave Lo her Lhree sons had helped Lhem Lo become asceLlcs When
Lhelr fourLh son was born Lhe klng soughL her approval on Lhe name belng glven Lo hlm 1hls made Lhe
queen laugh 1he klng asked her Lo name Lhe chlld Madalasa named Lhls chlld as
Alarka
Pearlng Lhe name Lhe klng rldlculed lLs relevance Madalasa sald LhaL Lhe names have
slgnlflcance only for worldly maLLers She also remlnded Lhe klng abouL Lhe fuLlllLy of Lhe names
glven Lo Lhelr prevlous chlldren As Madalasa began Lo preach her fourLh son abouL Lhe
meLaphyslcs Lhe klng sLopped her by saylng LhaL she had already preached all Lhe Lhree sons on
Lhe paLh of renunclaLlon Pe requesLed her Lo spare Lhe fourLh chlld so LhaL he could grow up and
become Lhe klng oneday Madalasa Lhen blessed her son ?ou are blessed my son because you
wlll rule Lhe earLh wlLhouL obsLacles now culLlvaLe ln your hearL Lhe deslre Lo do well Lo oLhers
never casLe your eyes on women oLher Lhan your wlfe Always conLemplaLe on Murarl Lo desLroy
Lhe evll LhoughLs ln your hearL
8LACPlnCS Cl MAuALASA
Madalasa used Lo preach Lhe llLLle prlnce whlle played When Alarka aLLalned boyhood he asked
C moLher! WhaL should l do ln order Lo masLery over physlcal and meLaphyslcal maLLers? Pow
can l serve my sub[ecLs ln Lhe besL posslble way?
Madalasa sald Looklng afLer Lhe welfare of Lhe sub[ecLs rellglously ls Lhe supreme duLy of a klng Pe
should always be alerL agalnsL Lhe acLlvlLles of hls enemles WlLh Lhe help of sples Lhe klng should keep
a
waLch on Lhe acLlvlLles of hls mlnlsLer so LhaL he could noL make frlends wlLh Lhe enemles lL ls unwlse
for
Lhe klng Lo LrusL everybody buL under cerLaln clrcumsLances he may LrusL even hls enemles A klng musL
conLrol hls lusL buL aL Lhe same Llme he should make efforLs Lo lncrease Lhe boundarles of hls klngdom
Surrenderlng Lo sensual comforL ls llke deaLh for a klng A klng should appear as all pervaslve and
omnlpresenL losLerlng Lhe sub[ecLs wlLh LoLal rlghLeousness enhances Lhe wlsdom of Lhe klng
uu1lLS Cl LCLL 8LLCnClnC 1C vA8lCuS ASP8AMAS
vA8nA ASP8AMA uPA8MA
Alarka says 1ell me abouL Lhe duLles of Lhe dlfferenL classes and sLages of llfe
Madalasa says uonaLlon sLudy and ?agya Lhese Lhree are Lhe rellglon of a 8rahmln
erformlng ?agya for oLhers Leachlng and accepLlng donaLlon are Lhe Lhree vocaLlons of
8rahmln uonaLlon sLudy and ?agya are also Lhe rellglous duLles of kshaLrlyas roLecLlon of
land and uslng weapons are vocaLlon for kshaLrlyas 8ellglous duLles of a valshya are also same
llke LhaL of Lhe 8rahmlns such as donaLlon sLudy and ?agya lor a llvlng valshya may Lake up
anlmal rearlng agrlculLure and Lrade as professlon Servlng all Lhese Lhree above menLloned
casLes as well as maklng donaLlons and performlng ?agya are Lhe rellglous duLles of a Shudra
1llllng Lhe earLh servlng 8rahmlns feedlng anlmals selllng and purchaslng lLems are
professlons of a Shudra A person belonglng Lo uwl[ class may relaLlvely en[oy freedom unLll hls
sacred Lhread ceremony has noL been performed AfLer Lhe sacred Lhread ceremony he should
come Lo sLay aL Lhe home of hls Leacher and observe cellbacy sLrlcLly whlle sLudylng scrlpLures
1here he ls expecLed Lo serve Lhe Curu slncerely AL Lhe compleLlon of educaLlon he should pay
uakshalna Lo hls Curu Pe may geL marrled and sLarL Lhe second sLage of hls llfe LhaL ls CrlhasLha
ashrama Pe should Lhen subsequenLly opL for vanprasLha and Sanyas respecLlvely AfLer Lhe
compleLlon of educaLlon and paylng all Lhe dues Lhe dlsclple ls ready Lo sLarL second
sLage of hls llfe LhaL ls CrlhasLha ashrama lor Lhls he should flrsL flnd a sulLable glrl from hls
casLe and geL marrled CrlhasLha ashrama ls consldered as Lhe besL sLage of llfe lL ls ln lLself a
compleLe ?agya As a householder he ls expecLed Lo fosLer Lhose who are dependenL on hlm
uurlng Lhls sLage of hls llfe he should earn hls llvellhood by occupaLlons ascrlbed for hls casLe
Pe should please Lhe delLles by performlng ?agyas hls ancesLors by maklng oblaLlons ra[apaLls
by produclng chlldren specLres by offerlng sacrlflces of cereals and socleLy by showerlng love
Lven Lhe asceLlc and cellbaLes depend on marrled people for Lhelr dally bread Pence marrled llfe
or CrlhasLha ashrama ls sLaLed Lo be superlor among all Lhe ashramas
A CrlhasLha musL welcome and LreaL even hls unexpecLed guesLs wlLh greaL warmLh A
householder who falls Lo saLlsfy hls guesL never succeeds ln rellglous maLLers 1he ?agyas LhaL
are offered ln such households go fuLlle Pence lL ls noL proper for Lhe householder Lo show ego
and abuse a guesL oLherwlse he wlll have Lo explaLe for lL laLer
When Lhe chlldren of Lhe householder grow up and hls body becomes senlle he should go Lo Lhe
foresL afLer rellnqulshlng Lhe world 1here he should pass hls Llme by lndulglng hlmself ln
ausLerlLles and rellglous acLlvlLles 1hls sLage ls known as vanprasLha ashrama and ls mosL
necessary for Lhe sancLlflcaLlon of hls soul 1hls sLage ls followed by Sanyas ashrama Lhe sLage
whlch requlres compleLe renunclaLlon cellbacy conLrol of senses and anger eLc 1he vlrLues llke
LruLhfulness sancLlLy nonvlolence Lolerance forglveness klndness generoslLy and conLenLmenL
are Lhe rellglous merlLs appllcable Lo all Lhe ashramas equally 1hose who ablde by Lhelr rellglon
sLay ln Lhe abode of 8rahma Llll Lhe relgn of fourLeen lndras 1he klng punlshes Lhose who vlolaLe
Lhls rellglous code lf Lhe klng doesnL punlsh Lhem he ls hlmself desLroyed Pence a klng musL
flrsL of all ablde by Lhe duLles as prescrlbed for dlfferenL ashramas ln hls llfe and only Lhen he has
Lhe rlghL Lo punlsh Lhose people who vlolaLe Lhese dlcLaLes
uu1lLS Cl A C8lPAS1PA (PCuSLPCLuL8)
Alarka says WhaL are Lhe duLles of a marrled man by dlscharglng whlch he becomes free from
all klnds of bondage and aLLalns salvaLlon klndly Lell me abouL Lhese Lhlngs
Madalasa says C son! 1hose people who dlscharge Lhelr duLles as a householder by fosLerlng all
Lhe llvlng belngs aLLaln Lo Lhe heaven auLomaLlcally All Lhe llvlng creaLures of Lhe world
lncludlng Lhe delLles and Lhe dead ancesLors are dependenL on Lhelr nurLurlng on Lhe householder
1hey always look aL Lhe face of Lhe marrled man for Lhelr llvlng ln facL CrlhasLha ashrama can
be compared Lo a cow LhaL fosLers oLhers wlLh her mllk All Lhe four vedas are presenL ln Lhls
cow LhaL ls CrlhasLha ashrama LnLlre unlverse ls reflecLed ln Lhls ashrama
ually afLer Lhe baLh ln Lhe mornlng a CrlhasLha musL perform oblaLlons Lo Lhe delLles Lo Lhe sages
ra[apaLl and ancesLors by offerlng waLer Lo Lhem 1hen he should perform a ?agya and offer cereals ln
Lhe sacrlflclal flre 1here are cerLaln places ln Lhe house whlch are reserved for speclflc delLles and
where
offerlngs are made Lo Lhem Sacrlflce Lo 8rahma should be offered ln Lhe cenLral parL of Lhe home Lo
vlshwadeva ln Lhe easLern slde of Lhe home Lo uhanvanLarl ln Lhe norLhern slde Lo lndra agaln ln Lhe
easLern slde Lo ?ama ln Lhe souLhern slde Lo varuna ln Lhe wesLern slde and Lo Soma ln Lhe norLhern
slde of Lhe home AL Lhe Lhreshold of Lhe house sacrlflce should be offered Lo uhaLa and vldhaLa Cne
musL slL faclng Lhe souLh whlle offerlng sacrlflce Lo hls dead ancesLors lor Lhe dogs and blrds sacrlflces
should be glven on Lhe ground ln Lhe mornlng and evenlng AL Lhe arrlval of a guesL a CrlhasLha musL
worshlp hlm by offerlng waLer cereals flowers eLc as per hls flnanclal condlLlon lf posslble a CrlhasLha
should feed one or more 8rahmlns ln order Lo paclfy hls ancesLors Pe should glve alms Lo a beggar and
a cellbaLe WlLhouL glvlng alms a CrlhasLha musL noL proceed Lo dlne Pe should also feed sLarvlng and
dlseased people flrsL Such klnd of llvlng deflnlLely beneflLs a CrlhasLha
SP8AuPA Anu l1S 8l1uALS
8LCuLA8 Anu CAuSAL uu1lLS
Madalasa says C son! A CrlhasLha has Lhree klnds of duLles regular causal and a comblnaLlon
of boLh 8lLuals whlch are connecLed wlLh oblaLlons and carrled ouL dally are called regular
duLles 8lLuals and consecraLlons performed aL Lhe blrLh of a chlld are called causal duLles ?early
performance of Shradha for Lhe dead ancesLors ls a comblnaLlon of regular and causal duLles
now llsLen abouL Lhe causal duLles
AL Lhe Llme of a chllds blrLh dlfferenL klnds of rlLuals and consecraLlons are carrled ouL ln Lhe
household uurlng Lhe Llme of marrlage ceremony also many more rlLuals are carrled ouL AL Lhe
Llme of marrlage however performance of Lhe Shradha named nandlmukh ls a musL uurlng Lhe
Shradha Lhe hosL should slL faclng Lhe norLh or Lhe easL and offer a loaf made of barley flour and
yoghurL 1hen he should clrcumambulaLe around Lwo 8rahmlns and worshlp Lhem
8lLuals and Shradha carrled ouL ln Lhe household afLer Lhe occurrence of any deaLh ln Lhe
household comes under Lhe caLegory of causal duLles uurlng Lhe Shradha perlod all klnds of
sacred acLlvlLles are forbldden Cnly Lhe use of kusha grass ls permlLLed uonaLlon of lnd
comprlslng of barley flour yoghurL honey eLc ls made for only one Llme Lo paclfy Lhe soul of Lhe
dead person 1hen oblaLlon of waLer wlLh sesame seeds should be offered ln Lhe name of Lhe dead
person 1hls rlLual should conLlnue for a year once every monLh AfLer a year Shradha ls
organlsed ln whlch one Lhree or flve 8rahmlns are fed 1hereafLer every year durlng Lhe darker
phase of Ashwln monLh a Shradha should be carrled ouL for Lhe dead ancesLors 1hls rlLual ls a
comblnaLlon of regular and causal duLles
Sages have made provlslon for appeasemenL of dead ancesLors up Lo Lhe lasL seven generaLlons
Cereals whlch Lhe people offer ln Lhe name of Lhelr dead ancesLors paclfy Lhose souls who sLay
ln lshach ?onl WaLer falllng on Lhe earLh aL Lhe Llme of wrlnglng Lhe cloLhes afLer ones baLh
paclfles Lhose souls who have Laken Lhe form of vegeLaLlon afLer Lhelr deaLh WaLer falllng durlng
Lhe baLh saLlsfles Lhose souls who have aLLalned Lhe sLaLus of delLles Cereals LhaL fall durlng Lhe
llfLlng of lnd saLlsfy Lhose souls who are ln lower llfe forms 1he cereals LhaL scaLLer here and
Lhere and swepL aslde saLlsfy souls of Lhose people who had dled ln Lhelr chlldhood before Lhe
accompllshmenL of any consecraLlon 1he wasLe waLer falllng down whlle 8rahmln washes hls
hands afLer dlnlng and paclfles all Lhe oLher souls
Lvery monLh durlng Lhe wanlng phase of Lhe Moon or on Lhe day of Amavasya Shradha should
be carrled ouL 8esldes lL elghLh day of darker phase ln Lhe monLh of aush ls also good for
carrylng ouL Shradha lf a vlrLuous 8rahmln ls avallable Llme of solar and lunar ecllpses ls also
good for Shradha 1he Llme when Lhe Sun crosses Lhe equaLor durlng lLs norLhward and souLhward
[ourney ls also good for Shradha AparL from Lhese above menLloned slLuaLlons one
can also organlse Shradha ln Lhe followlng clrcumsLances aL Lhe Llme of greaL calamlLy
avallablllLy of lLems sulLable for Shradha afLer a nlghLmare durlng Lhe perlod of blrLh nakshaLra
and durlng Lhe perlod of unfavourable sLars eLc Cn Lhe flrsL day of Lhe Shradha a vlrLuous
8rahmln should be lnvlLed whlle Lhe hosL musL observe LoLal resLralnL lL ls sald LhaL such a man
who lndulges ln sexual lnLercourse on Lhe same day afLer carrylng ouL Shradha or eaLlng food of
Shradha causes hls dead ancesLors Lo sleep ln semen for one monLh AncesLors of such a man
who performs Shradha lmmedlaLely afLer havlng a sexual lnLercourse drlnk urlne and semen for
one monLh Pence a vlrLuous 8rahmln whom Lhe hosL ls lnLendlng Lo feed should be lnformed
abouL Lhe Shradha one day earller ln advance lf a 8rahmln ls noL avallable a Lrue cellbaLe can be
fed on Lhe day of Shradha
AfLer Lhe 8rahmln has carrled ouL all Lhe necessary rlLuals Pavan oblaLlon eLc he musL be
formally lnslsLed Lo dlne All klnds of edlble lLems LhaL a 8rahmln may wlsh Lo eaL should be
offered Whlle reclLlng Lhe 8akshodhn manLra gralns of sesame and musLard should be scaLLered
on Lhe ground AfLer Lhe 8rahmln has dlned he should be offered wlLh waLer Lo wash hls hands
and some cereals LhaL should be scaLLered on Lhe ground wlLh hls permlsslon 1hen slLLlng on Lhe
seaL of kusha grass Lhe hosL should offer a lnd made of sesame seeds barley flour sugar ghee
eLc An oblaLlon of waLer should follow lL AL Lhe end Lhe 8rahmln should be seen off wlLh
proper uakshalna Cnly Lhen Lhe hosL ls free Lo dlne hlmself along wlLh oLher lnvlLed guesLs and
famlly members
uCS Anu uCn1S uu8lnC A SP8AuPA
Madalasa says C son! l am now narraLlng abouL Lhe dos and donLs Lo be followed durlng
Shradha Many klnds of edlble lLems can be offered ln Lhe Shradha 1hese lnclude cereals llke
barley wheaL rlce mllleL corn eLc flsh flesh of deer rabblL blrd wlld boar goaL and neelgal
(anLelope) All Lhese klnds of lLems are capable of paclfylng Lhe soul of dead ancesLors for
dlfferenL perlod of Llme dependlng on Lhe naLure of offerlngs belng made Llkewlse cereals
offered ln sacred flre cause saLlsfacLlon for one monLh llsh causes saLlsfacLlon for Lwo monLhs
llesh of deer causes saLlsfacLlon for Lhree monLhs llesh of rabblL causes saLlsfacLlon for four
monLhs llesh of blrd causes saLlsfacLlon for flve monLhs llesh of wlld boar causes saLlsfacLlon
for slx monLhs llesh of goaL causes saLlsfacLlon for seven monLhs llesh of dlfferenL Lypes of
deer and anLelope causes saLlsfacLlon for elghL nlne and Len monLhs respecLlvely
lood lLems made of cows mllk and ghee and kheer cause saLlsfacLlon Lo Lhe dead ancesLors for
one year ulfferenL varleLles of rlce barley mllleL wheaL sesame moong dal musLard eLc are
exLremely saLlsfylng food for Lhe ancesLors ulfferenL Lypes of pulses and corn can also be
offered use of garllc carroL onlon radlsh reflned salL red gum gourd eLc ls prohlblLed WaLer
LhaL ls sLlnklng froLhy sLale or oLherwlse lncapable of quenchlng a cows LhlrsL should also be
dlscarded Mllk of doe camel goaL buffalo and oLher onehoof anlmals yak and such a cow LhaL
was mllked for Lhe pasL Len days ls also forbldden for use ln Shradha Soll LhaL ls lnfesLed wlLh
lnsecLs dry baked wlLh flre sLlnklng or collecLed from an unholy place should noL be used
Slmllarly such people who are vlolenL wreLched klllers of 8rahmlns lmpoLenL or have flendlsh
characLers should noL be lnvolved ln Lhe Shradha Cocks and plgs should also be kepL away from
Lhe place of Shradha 1hls ls Lhe reason why sesame seeds are scaLLered aL Lhe slLe of Shradha secreLly
1he hosL musL noL see a woman ln menses lL ls also noL necessary Lo feed a hosL of
8rahmlns lnsLead lL ls sufflclenL Lo feed only one merlLorlous 8rahmln wlLh compleLe devoLlon
and respecL lL ls enough Lo appease Lhe dead ancesLors AppeasemenL of ancesLors auLomaLlcally
lead Lo appeasemenL of Lhe delLles planeLs nakshaLras and all whose blesslngs can Lransform Lhe
llvlng condlLlon of Lhe person
AuSlClCuS uA?S Anu MCn1PS
Madalasa says Shradha can be performed on any day durlng Lhe dark lunar phase ln Lhe Plndu
monLh of Ashwln le from Lhe flrsL day Lo Lhe Amavasya erformlng of Shradha on any of Lhese
days brlngs Lhe followlng beneflLs erformlng Shradha on Lhe flrsL day or raLlpada brlngs
moneLary galn Shradha performed on Lhe second day brlngs prosperlLy Shradha performed on
Lhe Lhlrd day blesses Lhe performer wlLh a boon erformlng Shradha on Lhe fourLh day leads Lo
Lhe desLrucLlon of enemles erformlng Shradha on Lhe flfLh day glves beneflL from a woman
Shradha performed on Lhe slxLh day helps a man Lo acqulre respecL ln Lhe socleLy Shradha
performed on Lhe sevenLh day makes Lhe performer an able leader Shradha performed on Lhe
elghLh day enhances Lhe lnLelllgence Shradha performed on Lhe nlnLh day brlngs Lhe company of
Lhe aLLracLlve women Shradha performed on Lhe LenLh day leads Lo Lhe fulfllmenL of all Lhe
deslres erformlng Shradha on Lhe elevenLh day helps hlm Lo aLLaln Lhe knowledge of vedas
Shradha performed on Lhe LwelfLh day makes Lhe performer vlcLorlous Shradha performed on Lhe
LhlrLeenLh day leads Lo long llfe and luxurles Shradha performed on Lhe fourLeenLh day and
Amavasya lead Lo Lhe fulfllmenL of all Lhe deslres
lrulLs of Shradha performed durlng dlfferenL nakshaLras
nAkSPA18A 8LSuL1
nAkSPA18A 8LSuL1
k8l1lkA Peaven abode
8CPlnl rogeny
M8lCSPl8A 8adlance
A8u8A 8ravery
unA8vASu Land
uSP?A PealLh
ASPLLSPA Sons
MACPA lamlly helpu8vAPALCunl lorLune
u11A8APALCunl vlrLues
PAS1A CreaLness
CPl18A 8eauLy/ personallLy
SWA1l 1rade
vlSPAkPA rogeny/deslres
Anu8AuPA 8especL
!?LSP1PA uomlnance
MCCLA ulseasefree
u8vASA8PA opularlLy
u11A8ASA8PA no sorrows
SP8AvAnA Peaven abode
uPAnlSP1PA WealLh
A8Pl!l1 vedas/medlclne
SPA1A8PlSPA Anlmal wealLh
u8vA8Au8AAu knowledge/caLLle
u11A8A8Au8AAu reclous meLals
8LvA1l Porses
ASPWlnl lncrease ln llfe
8PA8Anl rosperlLy lC88luuLn Anu L8Ml11Lu l1LMS
Madalasa says C son! now l wlll Lell you Lhe dos and donLs for healLhy llvlng SLale cereals
oll and faLs sLored over a prolonged perlod of Llme lLems prepared from wheaL and barley and
food lLems whlch ls noL prepared from pure ghee or mllk should noL be consumed llesh of LurLle
porcuplne eLc ls worLh eaLlng whereas flesh of vlllage plgs and cocks should noL be consumed
8rahmln can eaL flesh offered Lo hlm ln a Shradha 1hlngs llke conch sLone gold pearl eLc are
purlfled slmply by washlng ln waLer Cereals elLher Louched or washed by unwarranLed people ls
noL flL for any purpose llesh of anlmals kllled by Chandala or kllled for Lhe purpose of oblaLlon
ln Shradha ls also consldered pure SeaL bed vehlcle boaL grass rays of Lhe Sun and Moon and
alr are naLurally pure Lhlngs 1ouch by a woman who ls ln her menses dog [ackal a moLher who
has recenLly glven blrLh Lo a chlld a Chandala carrlers of Lhe brler eLc ls deflllng ln naLure A
person however can become pure once agaln by Laklng baLh lf Louched by any of Lhese people
and anlmals Cne should noL neglecL Lhe appearance of blood and cough LxcreLlons and waLer
collecLed afLer washlng Lhe feeL should be Lhrown ouL of Lhe home aL once CeLLlng Louched by Lhe
people who crlLlclze delLles ancesLors ?agya manLra eLc ls also deflllng SlghLlng of Lhe Sun
however purlfles Lhe deflled person
uuLles of Lhe woman ulfferenL male and female delLles dwell aL Lhe Lhreshold of Lhe home
Pence Lhls porLlon of Lhe home should be worshlpped properly everyday AL dawn Lhe Lhreshold
should noL be lefL vacanL or lL may have adverse effecL on ones llneage 1he whole area lnslde
Lhe home should be plasLered wlLh cow dung dally or washed wlLh pure waLer All Lhese acLlvlLles
should be carrled ouL by Lhe beLLer half of Lhe householder 1hose women who prepare food
durlng Lhe lasL quarLer of Lhe nlghL suffer from lnferLlllLy ln fuLure blrLhs 1hose women who do
noL sweep Lhelr home ln Lhe evenlng remaln unmarrled and are berefL of wealLh ln fuLure blrLhs
Such women also lose Lhelr wealLh llfespan and repuLaLlon klcklng Lhe followlng Lhlngs llke
broom hearLh and morLar eLc or Louchlng Lhem wlLh feeL also leads Lo Lhe loss of progeny and
wealLh
1he householder should noL use broken seaL board and black blankeL for slLLlng purpose Pe
should noL comb hls halr whlle faclng souLh 1hose who do noL dlne perform Pavan or make
donaLlons aL Lhe approprlaLe Llme are no beLLer Lhan eunuchs 1hose who shun Lhese acLlvlLles
desplLe havlng wealLh are worse Lhan mlce 1hose who do noL respecL Lhe delLles Leachers wlfe
of Lhe Leacher cow 8rahmln eLc are boycoLLed by Lhe socleLy naked are Lhose who are devold
of vedas oLher rellglous scrlpLures and rlLuals Such a house ls really conLempLlble whlch ls
boycoLLed by Lhe 8rahmlns and where dally rouLlnes are noL followed regularly
AfLer blrLh or deaLh ln Lhe famlly a 8rahmln becomes purlfled ln Len days uurlng Lhls perlod of
Len days he should avold all Lhe rellglous acLlvlLles ln slmllar condlLlons a kshaLrlya geLs
purlfled ln Lwelve days afLer a blrLh or deaLh ln hls famlly a valshya ln flfLeen days and a Shudra
ln one monLh uead body of a person should be cremaLed ouLslde Lhe boundarles of Lhe vlllage
Pls famlly members should offer oblaLlon of waLer Lo paclfy hls soul on Lhe flrsL fourLh sevenLh
and nlnLh days afLer Lhe cremaLlon Ashes should be collecLed from Lhe fourLh day ln case of
deaLhs caused by a snake blLe or polsonlng famlly members may geL purlfled afLer a day 1here ls no
lmpurlLy ln case of Lhe deaLh of a chlld an lmmlgranL and Lhe one who has renounced
everyLhlng Lven Lhelr cremaLlon ls noL carrled ouL nor oblaLlon of waLer ls made
lf one more deaLh occurs ln Lhe famlly whlle Lhe mournlng perlod of Lhe earller deaLh ls sLlll
conLlnulng lmpurlLy of Lhe second deaLh lasLs as long as LhaL of Lhe flrsL one Slmllar rules are
applled Lo Lhe lmpurlLy caused by Lhe blrLh 1hus abldlng by Lhese norms Lhe householder can
easlly aLLaln Lhe four ob[ecLlves of llfe LhaL ls uharma ArLha kama and Moksha
klnC ALA8kA Anu PlS CuL8lLS A8Cu1 ?CCA
klnC ALA8kAS 8lnC Anu WlSuCM
AfLer reachlng youLhhood rlnce Alarka goL marrled 8y LhaL Llme hls faLher klng 8lLudhwa[
had also grown old Pence before CrlhasLha he crowned hls son as Lhe new klng AL Lhe Llme of
crownlng queen Madalasa presenLed hlm a rlng and sald
C son! 1hls rlng conLalns a noLe whlch wlll Leach you on how a klng should admlnlsLer Lhe
klngdom Saylng Lhls Madalasa blessed Alarka and lefL Lhe palace wlLh her husband 8lLudhwa[
Lo spend Lhelr llves ln Lhe foresL
AfLer hls accesslon Lo Lhe Lhrone klng Alarka ruled [usLly ln due course of Llme he goL many
sons Pe followed Lhe dlcLaLes of uharma ArLh and kama whlle rullng hls klngdom lnsplLe of
en[oylng all Lhe luxurles Alarka sLlll could noL experlence bllss and felL as lf he was mlsslng
someLhlng ln hls llfe very soon Subahu came Lo learn abouL Lhe royal luxurles of hls broLher
Alarka and goL LempLed Lo en[oy Lhe same luxurles 1o aLLaln hls ob[ecLlve Subahu Look Lhe help
of Lhe klng of kashl 1he klng of kashl senL an envoy Lo Alarka wlLh a message Lo glve Lhe
klngdom Lo Subahu whlch Alarka refused lnsLead he senL a reply LhaL Lhe requesL musL be made
by Subahu hlmself l wlll noL glve hlm my klngdom ouL of fear of war sald Alarka 8uL Subahu
dld noL pay heed and wlLh Lhe help of Lhe klng of kashl launched a masslve aLLack on hls
klngdom and conquered lL now Alarkas days of sorrow had begun
Pe Lhen remembered Lhe rlng presenLed by hls moLher Madalasa Pe opened Lhe rlng and found a
leLLer ln lL 1he leLLer sald When you lose your everyLhlng glve up Lhe company of your presenL
advlsors and [oln Lhe company of learned sages 1hls message made Alarka Lo plne for Lhe
company of Lhe learned sages very soon he wenL Lo Lhe refuge of uaLLaLreya and requesLed hlm
Lo remove hls mlserles uaLLaLreya assured hlm of removlng hls mlserles aL once buL before dolng
LhaL he wanLed Lo know Lhe reasons for hls mlserles Alarka sald l do noL long for pleasures buL
my elder broLher wanLs Lo grab my klngdom
uA11A18L?A 8LACPLS ALA8kA
Alarka says C lord! WlLh Lhe arlslng of dlsenchanLmenL ln my hearL l have no mlserles now
Cnly Lhose people feel drowned ln Lhe ocean of mlserles who are aLLached Lo worldly Lhlngs A
man feels all klnds of sorrows due Lo hls aLLachmenLs Lowards Lhe luxurles ln whlch hls mlnd
lndulges now nelLher sorrow nor [oy can affecL me uaLLaLreya says C klng! WhaLever you sald ls
correcL ALLachmenL ls Lhe cause of boLh sorrow
and happlness lL ls because of Lhe knowledge l gave Lo you LhaL Lhe mlsL of aLLachmenL has
dlsappeared from your hearL A small sprouL of ego ulLlmaLely develops lnLo a huge Lree of
lgnorance AffecLlon ls Lhe Lrunk of Lhls Lree Pome and famlly are Lhe branches and wlfe and
chlldren are Lhe leaves of Lhls Lree WealLh and cereals are Lhe flowers and happlness and sorrow
are Lhe frulLs of Lhls Lree 8elaLlon LhaL emerges ouL of affecLlon ls Lhe canopy of Lhls Lree 1hls
Lree grows day by day and obscures Lhe paLh of llberaLlon 1hls Lree ls full of deslres and Lhose
who slL under Lhe lee of Lhls Lree can never aLLaln salvaLlon Pence felllng of Lhls Lree ls of
foremosL lmporLance for a person deslrous of aLLalnlng 8rahmaLva
?CCAuP?A?
uaLLaLreya says C klng! WlLh Lhe aLLalnmenL of knowledge people come Lo con[ugaLe wlLh Lhe
Supreme AlmlghLy and whlch resulLs lnLo dlsperslon of Lhelr lgnorance 1o aLLaln Moksha lL ls
necessary for a man Lo shun aLLachmenL flrsL of all Cnly afLer LhaL he wlll become free from
sorrows When he becomes free from sorrow he unlLes wlLh Lhe supreme almlghLy 1hls
phenomenon ls known as ?oga unlflcaLlon wlLh Lhe supreme almlghLy enables a man Lo aLLaln
knowledge and flnally Moksha (salvaLlon) lL ls Lherefore essenLlal for Lhe all Lhose seeklng
salvaLlon LhaL flrsL of all Lhey should renounce affecLlon and aLLachmenL for Lhe worldly ob[ecLs
lncludlng Lhelr near and dear ones
knowledge and renunclaLlon are noLhlng buL Lwo sldes of Lhe same coln and one ls necessary Lo
glve rlse Lo Lhe oLher Pome ls noLhlng buL Lhe place for sLaylng food ls noLhlng buL Lhe energy
requlred susLalnlng our body and knowledge ls noLhlng buL an ald Lo aLLaln salvaLlon AnyLhlng
LhaL caused obsLacles ln Lhe way of salvaLlon ls lgnorance A llvlng belng ls bound Lo recelve Lhe
frulLs of acLlon no maLLer wheLher Lhey are good or bad Pence one should carry ouL hls duLles
wlLhouL boLherlng for Lhe resulLs WlLh Lhe aLLenuaLlon of Lhe resulLs of Lhe acLlon performed ln
Lhe prevlous blrLhs a llvlng belng becomes free from Lhe cycles of llfe and deaLh WlLh Lhe
aLLalnmenL of ?oga ?ogls Lake refuge ln none oLher Lhan 8rahma 8uL Lhe paLh of aLLalnlng ?oga
ls lndeed dlfflculL lf noL lmposslble Cne has Lo conquer hls soul flrsL of all because Lhe soul
lLself ls regarded as lnvlnclble ConLrol of physlcal lmpurlLles wlLh Lhe help of ranayama slns
by deLermlnaLlon lusL by selfresLralns and conLemplaLlon on Cod are Lhe ways Lo conquer Lhe
soul
L8lLC1lCn ln ?CCA Anu uAlL? 8Cu1lnL
uaLLaLreya saysuurlng Lhe process of conquerlng Lhe soul dlfferenL klnds of alluremenLs beglns
Lo dlverL Lhe mlnd of Lhe ?ogls lL ls lmperaLlve for Lhe ?ogl Lo keep hls mlnd busy by observlng
fasL worshlpplng and conLemplaLlng ln Cod lL ls Lhe duLy of Lhe ?ogl Lo always conLemplaLe on
Cod only Lhen he can seek solace ln Plm 1hus afLer conLrolllng hls senses a ?ogl oughL Lo eaL
and sleep less aLLaln unlflcaLlon wlLh Lhe Supreme 8elng C klng! A ?ogl unlfles wlLh 8rahma
once hls physlcal and menLal faulLs are removed 1hen he never separaLes from Lhe Supreme
8elng Alarka says C lord now klndly narraLe abouL Lhe dally rouLlne a ?ogl should ablde by ln order
Lo preserve hls plousness
uaLLaLreya says C klng! 8especL and lnsulL are Lhe Lwo reasons for love and haLred ?ogls aLLaln
perfecLlon by undersLandlng lnsulL as respecL and vlce versa A ?ogl should Lherefore never
aLLend soclal funcLlons llke Shradha marrlage ceremonles or oLher fesLlvlLles Pe should noL
accepL Lhe hosplLallLy of oLhers and should shun unnecessary [ourneys A ?ogl should seek alms
only afLer Lhe householder and hls famlly has dlned A ?ogl should accepL alms only from Lhose
households whose lnmaLes are genLle rellglous and free from blemlshes and should accepL Lhlngs
llke whey mllk frulLs edlble rooLs gram flour eLc 8efore golng Lo dlne a ?ogl should offer hls
food Lo Lhe delLles reclLlng he followlng manLras 8AnAn?A? SWAPA AAnA? SWAPA
SAMAnA? SWAPA uuAnA? SWAPA v?AnA? SWAPA
AfLer reclLlng Lhese manLras one by one and offerlng food Lo Lhe delLles who are presenL ln hls
body as dlfferenL forms of alr Lhe ?ogl may now proceed Lo dlne
ConLrol of senses and greed cellbacy renunclaLlon and nonvlolence are Lhe flve resoluLlons of a
?ogl ConLrol of anger servlce Lo Lhe Curu sancLlLy eaLlng less and sLudylng vedas regularly
are Lhe flve norms for a ?ogl A ?ogl musL pracLlce medlLaLlon aL a desolaLe place foresL cave or
peak of a mounLaln A Lrue cellbaLe has full conLrol over hls speech mlnd and acLlon lron and
gold have equal worLh ln hls eye he loves no one and haLes no one
uaLLaLreya says 1hose ?ogls who ablde by Lhelr resoluLlon are never degraded from Lhelr
supreme poslLlon Such ?ogls always reclLe Cm whlle conLemplaLlng on Lhe eLernal Cod A u
and M Lhese Lhree syllables consLlLuLe Lhe body CM or AuM 1hese Lhree syllables represenL
Lhe vlrLues (gunas) of SaLva 1amas and 8a[as respecLlvely 1hus by conLemplaLlng on Cod and
reclLlng Cm a ?ogl ulLlmaLely achleves unlflcaLlon wlLh LhaL eLernal splrlL 8uL Lhere are sLlll
some dlsasLrous Lraps LhaL a ?ogl should guard hlmself agalnsL oLherwlse hls enLlre penance
mlghL Lurn fuLlle aL Lhe Llme of deaLh Pence every ?ogl musL be aware of Lhese dlsasLrous Lraps
uLSC8l1lCn Cl ulSAS18CuS 18AS
uaLLaLreya says A person who ls unable Lo see Lhe paLh of Lhe delLles or Lhe heavenly bodles
llke uhruva Shukra (venus) Soma (Moon) or hls own shadow or Coddess ArundhaLl musL
undersLand LhaL hls deaLh ls near lor Lhose people Lo whom Lhe Sun appears wlLhouL radlance
buL flre appears as Lhe Sun dle wlLhln eleven monLhs SlghLlng of gold and sllver ln urlne or
sLools slgnlfles deaLh wlLhln Len monLhs 1hose who see ghosLs Candharvas and gold Lree ln Lhe
dreams llve for nlne monLhs only 1hose who become faL or Lhln suddenly llve for elghL monLhs
more 1hose ?ogls whose heels appear cracked whlle walklng on sand or mud dle wlLhln seven
monLhs CeLLlng perched on Lhe body by volaLlle blrds llke vulLure plgeon owl crow eLc
lndlcaLes LhaL Lhe concerned person wlll llve for only slx monLhs 1hose who see Lhelr shadow ln
opposlLe dlrecLlon llve for four or flve monLhs more only 1hose who slghL llghLnlng wlLhouL
clouds or ralnbow durlng Lhe nlghL Llme ln Lhelr dream llve for Lwo or Lhree monLhs more 1hose
who cannoL see Lhelr reflecLlon ln ghee oll waLer and mlrror dle wlLhln a monLh A person whose
body smells llke a cadaver dle wlLhln flfLeen days 1hose whose hands and feeL remaln dry even
afLer Laklng baLh and dry even afLer Laklng llghL refreshmenLs llve only for Len days 1hose who slghL
halr clnders ash snakes and drled rlvers ln Lhe dream dle on Lhe elevenLh day 1hose who
feel hungry even afLer eaLlng Lo Lhelr flll also dle soon
C klng! 1here are many more dlsasLrous sympLoms LhaL lndlcaLe deaLh A ?ogl musL always be
alerL regardlng Lhese slgns Whenever a ?ogl percelves Lhe appearance of all or some of Lhese
dlsasLrous sympLoms he musL aL once Lake Lo ?oga Lo mlnlmlse Lhe effecLs
8rahmagyan A ?ogl experlences exLreme [oy when he medlLaLes whlle dolng ?oga Cnly Lhen
can he experlence 8rahma hyslcal body ls ephemeral hence a Lrue ?ogl does noL mourn over
Lhe loss of physlcal body Pence a ?ogl musL Lraln hls mlnd ln ?oga lgnorlng sorrow or
affecLlon 1hls ls lndeed a dlfflculL Lask Lo achleve
Alarka says C 8rahmln! 8y your blesslngs my lgnorance has ended now l wlll do everyLhlng
so LhaL lgnorance does noL grlp me once agaln
1hen Laklng uaLLaLreyas permlsslon Alarka wenL back Lo Lhe klng of kashl and sald C klng!
?ou have a deslre for Lhe klngdom so Lake Lhls klngdom and en[oy lLs luxurles yourself or glve lL
Lo Subahu 1he klng of kashl asked Alarka as Lo why he was renounclng Lhe klngdom wlLhouL
flghLlng a war Pe also Lrled Lo lnsLlgaLe Alarka by saylng LhaL hls conducL dld noL sulL Lhe
kshaLrlyas Alarka sald Cnly 8rahma ls LruLh all Lhe oLher Lhlngs are false now conLrolllng my
senses l wlll aLLaln perfecLlon ln ?oga
ALA8kA MAS1L8S ?CCA Anu LnAnCL Cl !AuA
Anu PlS lA1PL8
Words of Alarka pleased Lhe klng of kashl Lven Subahu goL up gladly and afLer embraclng
Alarka sald Lo Lhe klng of kashl C klng l had Laken your refuge Lo wln Lhe klngdom now l
have goL lL wlLhouL flghLlng a war and wlLhouL a drop of blood belng shed 8uL l am leavlng now
renounclng everyLhlng
1he klng of kashl sald Subahu why had you Laken refuge ln me? WhaL have you recelved
now?
Subahu sald C klng! My younger broLher Alarka had been so far lndulglng ln luxurles desplLe
havlng meLaphyslcal knowledge Pe was ln facL experlenclng mlserles ln hls household When
Lhe mlserles cross all llmlLs only Lhen renunclaLlon arlses ln Lhe mlnd as ls Lhe case wlLh Alarka
1haL was why l had Laken your refuge My [ob ls flnlshed now So l am leavlng Lo aLLaln
perfecLlon ln ?oga C klng l regard Lhose people who lgnore Lhelr near and dear ones ln Lhelr
mlserles as hearLless
Such people are degraded from Lhelr poslLlon of uharma ArLha kama and Moksha and are
crlLlclsed everywhere
1he klng of kashl sald C Subahu ?ou have saved your broLher Alarka now klndly save me
also Subahu sald ALLalnmenL of uharma ArLha kama and Moksha are Lhe four ma[or ob[ecLlves for
Lhe aLLalnmenL of whlch humans have been creaLed ?ou have already aLLalned uharma ArLha
and kama Cnly Moksha remalns Lo be aLLalned now lL ls mlne lL ls me eLc are expresslons of
ego Cuardlng Lhe self from Lhese LhoughLs ls Lhe Lrue knowledge A man musL know WhaL ls Lo
be known? Who ls Lo know? and Who ls he? A knowledge of Lhese auLomaLlcally leads Lo Lhe
knowledge of all Saylng Lhese words Subahu lefL Lhe palace
1he klng of kashl Loo reLurned Lo hls klngdom Alarka crowned hls elder son as Lhe new klng
and he began Lo pracLlce ?oga ln a foresL AfLer many years of rlgorous pracLlce Alarka aLLalned
salvaLlon and hls abode ln 8rahma loka
1he 8rahmlns son sald C faLher! now you Loo musL Lake refuge ln ?oga ln order Lo aLLaln
8rahma l Loo wlll Lry Lo aLLaln salvaLlon
1he blrds say C 8rahmln! 1hus Lhe faLher and son began Lhelr penance and aLLalned salvaLlon
1PL unlvL8SL Anu LC8u 88APMAS MAnllLS1A1lCn
1PL C8lCln Cl 1PL unlvL8SL
!almlnl Lhanked Lhe blrds for enllghLenlng hlm wlLh selfknowledge 8uL he was sLlll noL
saLlsfled 1here were many quesLlons Lo whlch he had no answers Pe asked Lhe blrds
Pow dld Lhls unlverse come lnLo belng? WhaL wlll happen Lo lL durlng Lhe Llme of flnal
annlhllaLlon? Pow dld Lhe delLles Lhe sages Lhe ancesLors and Lhe llvlng creaLures orlglnaLe?
Pow dld Lhe ManvanLaras arrlve? l am anxlous Lo know abouL all Lhese Lhlngs
1he blrds replled C !almlnl! We saluLe Lhe same !agannaLh who creaLes ln Lhe form of lord
8rahma nurLures Lhe world as Lord vlshnu and ulLlmaLely annlhllaLes Lhe world as Lord Shlva ln
hls mosL Lerrlfylng form We wlll now reveal Lhe knowledge whlch was once narraLed by sage
Markandeya
1he blrds Lhen narraLed Lhe followlng Lale as was orlglnally Lold by sage Markandeya ln Lhe
beglnnlng of creaLlon as soon as lord 8rahma manlfesLed hlmself all Lhe four vedas and
elghLeen uranas came ouL from hls four mouLhs Lord 8rahma Lhen creaLed Lhe SapLarlshls
merely by wlshlng who Look all Lhe vedas and uranas ln Lhelr possesslon
LaLer on sage Chyavan goL Lhe uranas from one of Lhe SapLarlshls sage 8hrlgu and read ouL lLs
conLenLs Lo Lhe assembled sages 1he sages Lhen reLold Lhe uranas Lo uaksha uaksha narraLed
Lhe conLenLs of Lhe uranas Lo me (Markandeya) 1he vlrLues of llsLenlng Lo uranas are capable
of desLroylng all slns of a man now l am golng Lo reveal Lo you LhaL secreL knowledge of urana
as was Lold Lo me by uaksha
8rahma Lhe cause and effecL of everyLhlng pervades Lhe unlverse even afLer Lhe flnal
annlhllaLlon All Lhe Lhree gunas are presenL ln hlm When Lhe Llme ls approprlaLe for
commenclng Lhe process of creaLlon Lhe whole aLmosphere ls covered by Lhe greaL elemenL
(MahaLaLva) whlch lLself comprlses of Lhe Lhree baslc gunas SaLva (pure) 8a[as (semlpure) and
1amas (dark)
Lgo manlfesLs lLself from Lhe greaL elemenL (MahaLaLva) Lven Lhe ego remalns covered by Lhe
greaL elemenL 1he ego Lhen creaLes Shabda LanmaLra (subLle forms of maLLer relaLed wlLh
sound) 1he sky whlch symbollzes Lhe Shabda (sound) ls creaLed from Lhls very Shabda
LanmaLra 1he ego Lhen covers Lhe whole sky AfLer LhaL Sparsh LanmaLra (subLle forms of maLLer
relaLed wlLh Louch) comes lnLo belng Alr whlch slgnlfles Lhe quallLy of Louch Lhen comes lnLo
belng AfLer Lhe creaLlon of alr llghL ls creaLed wlLhouL whlch Lhe forms and appearance cannoL
be percelved
1he deformlLy of llfe resulLs lnLo Lhe creaLlon of 8asa maLra lrom Lhls very 8asa maLra waLer
comes lnLo belng 1he waLer ls enveloped by Lhe 8oop maLra (subLle forms of appearance) 1he
waLer Lhen geLs deformed and as a resulL Candha maLra comes lnLo belng from whlch Lhe earLh ls
creaLed All Lhe worlds are esLabllshed ln Lhls earLh
llrsL of all Lhe gunas enLer lnLo Lhe aLoms and creaLe Lhe seven baslc elemenLs whlch are a musL
for procreaLlon 1he seven baslc elemenLs Lhen esLabllsh Lhemselves ln urusha and rakrlLl 1he
unlon of urusha and rakrlLl resulLs lnLo Lhe creaLlon of egg 1hls egg keeps expandlng ln lLs
slze whlle belng ln waLer
Lord 8rahma who ls also known as ksheLragya and who ls also Lhe creaLor of all Lhe souls
dwells ln LhaL egg 1he same 8rahma pervades all Lhe Lhree worlds All Lhe creaLures of Lhe
world lncludlng Lhe delLles demons and human belngs along wlLh lslands mounLalns oceans alr
and sky eLc are presenL lnslde Lhe egg
1he MoLher naLure along wlLh Lhe greaL elemenL covers Lhls egg 1hls way Lhe seven naLural
coverlngs envelop Lhe egg 8eyond Lhe rakrlLl (naLure) ls esLabllshed Lhe urusha (AlmlghLy)
now l am golng Lo reveal Lhe ldenLlLy of 8rahma Lo you !usL as drops of waLer fall down from
Lhe body of a weL man lmmersed ln waLer ln Lhe same way Lord 8rahma Loo dlscards off Lhe
egg ln Lhe end 1he naLure ls noLhlng else buL ksheLra (space area) and 8rahma ls also known as
ksheLragya 1hls way Lhe whole creaLlon came lnLo belng [usL llke llghLnlng
LC8u 88APMAS LllLSAn
krausLukl sald 1ell me! C lord! Pow were Lhe llvlng belngs creaLed as Lhe perlod of flnal
annlhllaLlon was approachlng lLs end
Markandeya replled When Lhe naLure esLabllshes herself ln Lhe soul of Lhe urusha (supreme
AlmlghLy) all Lhe creaLed maLLer geLs annlhllaLed rakrlLl and urusha are esLabllshed ln Lhe
mode of parallellsm uurlng LhaL perlod SaLva and 1amas become neuLrally balanced Lven Lhe
quallLy of 8a[as esLabllshes lLself wlLhln Lhe quallLles of SaLva and 1amas
1he llfe span of 8rahma conslsLs of uwlparardha 1he day and nlghL of 8rahma are of equal
duraLlon 8rahma ls Lhe orlgln of Lhls unlverse Pe ls Lhe lnconcelvable soul Lhe supreme lord
and Lhe cause of all Lhe evenLs Pe ls beyond Lhe reach of acLlvlLles Pe enLers lnLo rakrlLl and urusha
exclLes boLh of Lhem Lo geL unlfled When rakrlLl geLs exclLed Lhe Supreme Lord
manlfesLs Plmself ln Lhe egg as 8rahma Pe Lhen commences hls creaLlon 1he same 8rahma
aLLalns Lhe form of vlshnu due Lo Lhe effecL of hls SaLva guna and nurLures Lhe whole creaLlon
under Lhe lnfluence of 1amas guna Pe aLLalns Lhe form of 8udra and flnally annlhllaLes Lhe
whole creaLlon Pe Lhen goes lnLo hlbernaLlon
1hls way Lhe same AlmlghLy Cod ln hls Lhree dlfferenL forms of 8rahma vlshnu and Mahesh
performs hls duLles of creaLlon nurLurlng and annlhllaLlon respecLlvely 1he llfe span of 8rahma
conslsLs of one hundred years 1he dlvlslon of Llme ls as follows Cne kashLha conslsLs of flfLeen
nlmeshas Cne kala conslsLs of LhlrLy kashLhas whereas LhlrLy kalas make one MuhurLa Cne
day and nlghL of Lhls maLerlal world conslsLs of LhlrLy MuhurLas 1hlrLy days and nlghLs are
equlvalenL Lo one monLh or Lwo forLnlghLs (akshas)
Slx monLhs make one Ayan 1wo Ayans make a year A day and nlghL of Lhe delLles are
equlvalenL Lo one year of Lhls maLerlal world Slmllarly Lwelve Lhousand years of Lhe delLles make
Lhe four yugas SaLya ?uga conslsLs of Lhe four Lhousand years of Lhe delLles 1reLa ?uga conslsLs
of Lhree Lhousand years of Lhe delLles uwapar ?uga conslsLs of Lwo Lhousand years of Lhe delLles
whereas kall ?uga conslsLs of one Lhousand years of Lhe delLles Slmllarly Sandhya (evenlng)
perlod of SaLya ?uga conslsLs of four hundred years and Sandhyansh (parL of evenlng) conslsLs
of Lhe same perlod LhaL ls four hundred years 1hus Lhe LoLal number of years LhaL SaLya ?uga has
come up Lo 4000+400+400 4800 years ln Lhe same way Lhe Sandhya and Sandhyansh of 1reLa
?uga conslsL of 300 years each 1hus Lhe LoLal number of years ln 1reLa ?uga comes up Lo
3000+300+300 3600 years Sandhya and Sandhyansh perlod of uwapar ?uga ls of 200 years
each 1hus Lhe LoLal number of years ln uwapar ?uga comes up Lo 2000+200+200 2400 years
Sandhya and Sandhyansh perlod of kall ?uga are of 100 years each 1hus Lhe LoLal number of
years ln kall ?uga comes up Lo 1000+100+100 1200 years
A day of 8rahma conslsLs of Lhousand Llmes of Lhe Lwelve Lhousand years of Lhe delLles lourLeen
Manus appear ln successlon durlng Lhe whole day of 8rahma Lach ManavanLar comprlses of a
Manu and hls progenles lndra and Lhe oLher delLles SapLarlshls ganas and nrlpaLl ganas eLc
A ManavanLar conslsLs of sevenLyone ChaLuryugas Cn Lhe basls of Lhe years of Lhls maLerlal
world a ManavanLar conslsLs of 306720000 years or 832000 years of Lhe delLles A 8rahmas
day conslsLs of 4294000000 years of Lhls world or 11928000 years of Lhe delLles 1he
dlssoluLlon whlch occurs aL Lhe end of Lhe day of 8rahma ls also known as causal dlssoluLlon
(nalmlLLlk ralaya) uurlng Lhe Llme of causal dlssoluLlon all Lhe resldenLs of 8hur 8huva and
Swarga lokas Lemporarlly go Lo Mahar loka 1he resldenLs of Mahar loka shlfL Lhelr base Lo !ana
loka 1he enLlre unlverse ls submerged ln Lhe ocean durlng Lhe Llme of causal dlssoluLlon and Lhls
ls Lhe Llme for 8rahma Lo Lake resL le aL nlghL 8rahma sLarLs hls creaLlon aL Lhe end of Lhe nlghL
1hls way afLer Lhe compleLlon of Lhree hundred and slxLy years of 8rahma hls oneyear ls
compleLe Cne hundred such years of 8rahma make one ara and flve hundred such years make
one arardha Cne arardha of 8rahma has already passed aL Lhe end of whlch adram
Mahakalpa occurred 1he presenL perlod whlch falls under Lhe second arardha ls also known
as varaha kalpa
nA1u8AL Anu lLAWLu C8LA1lCnSkrausLukl asked curlously 1ell me how 8rahma dld hls creaLlons?
Markandeya replled When 8rahma goL up from hls sleep afLer Lhe end of dlssoluLlon (ralaya)
named adram he found a vold all around hlmself Pe remembered narayana who ls also known
by Lhe name of nasLanu le one who dwells ln waLer narayana was engrossed ln hls eLernal
sleep AfLer waklng up he rescued Lhe earLh submerged ln Lhe ocean [usL llke he had done ln Lhe
prevlous kalpas by Laklng Lhe forms of a boar a flsh and LorLolse eLc 8uL even afLer Lhe earLh
was broughL up from Lhe seabed and was esLabllshed above Lhe ocean lL was sLlll swlnglng llke a
boaL narayana Lhen creaLed Lhe mounLalns Lo sLop Lhe earLh from swlnglng 8uL Lhe mounLalns
were burnL down by Agnl (flre) named SamvarLak 1he mounLalns submerged lnLo Lhe ocean
1he mounLalns afLer havlng dlsplaced Lhe waLer had become flxed aL Lhelr respecLlve places
1herefore narayana dlvlded Lhe whole earLh lnLo seven lslands and creaLed Lhe four lokas [usL
llke before AfLer LhaL flve Avldyas came lnLo belng 1hls way Lhe whole creaLlon esLabllshed
Lhemselves ln flve ways 1he whole creaLlon was hldden ln darkness Llll Lhls perlod AfLer Lhls
narayana creaLed Lhe lgnoranL anlmals whlch symbollsed Lhe 1amas guna AfLer Lhe anlmals Lhe
delLles who symbollsed Lhe SaLva guna were creaLed
8rahma was exLremely saLlsfled by Lhe creaLlons of narayana 8uL he was deslrous of creaLlng
even more superlor creaLures As a resulL a group of Sadhakas named ArvaksroLa came lnLo
belng 1hese Sadhakas were humans who possessed 8a[as guna 1he flfLh creaLlon of Anugraha
was lLself subdlvlded lnLo four parLs vlparyaya Slddhl ShanLl and SrlshLl 1he slxLh creaLlon
was of Lhose speclal people who had Lhe knowledge of pasL and presenL evenLs 1hese people had
wlves en[oyed llfe ln a balanced way buL were of evll naLure 1hese people were known as
8huLadlk
1he flrsL creaLlon was relaLed wlLh Lhe manlfesLaLlon of lord 8rahma hlmself 1hls greaL creaLlon
was known as Lhe Maha SrlshLl 1he second creaLlon relaLed wlLh Lhe parL of 8rahma ls called
8huLsarga 1he Lhlrd creaLlon ls called rakrlL and whlch conslsLs of creaLures possesslng
lnLelllgence and flawed sensual percepLlons 1he fourLh creaLlon conslsLs of Lhe SLhawars who are
unable Lo move (eg vegeLaLlon) 1he flfLh creaLlon conslsLs of fourfooLed anlmals 1he slxLh
creaLlon conslsLs of Lhe delLles whereas Lhe sevenLh creaLlon LhaL of human belngs whlch
orlglnaLes from ArvaksroLa 1he elghLh creaLlon ls known as Anugraha 1he nlnLh creaLlon of
8rahma ls known as rakrlL (naLural) and vlkarl (flawed) 1hese are Lhe nlne Lypes of creaLlon of
8rahma 1he rooL causes of Lhls unlverse are rakrlL and vlkarl
C8LA1lCn Cl 1PL uLl1lLS
krausLukl Lhen asked Markandeya abouL Lhe orlgln of Lhe delLles Markandeya replled WlLh Lhe
ob[ecLlve of creaLlng Lhe delLles demons ancesLors and human belngs 8rahma abandoned Lhe
parL of hls physlcal body ln Lhe ocean 1he demons orlglnaLed from Lhe Lhlghs of hls abandoned
body Lord 8rahma blessed Lhe demons wlLh physlcal bodles whlch were 1amaslk ln naLure
1hls parL of 8rahmas body became famous as 8aLrl (nlghL) AfLer LhaL 8rahma creaLed Lhe delLles
from hls mouLh wlLh Lhe help of SaLva guna 1he delLles were glven pure bodles 1hls parL of
8rahmas body whlch was SaLvlk (pure) ln naLure became famous as day AfLer Lhls 8rahma acqulred
anoLher physlcal body and creaLed Lhe ancesLors AfLer creaLlng Lhe
ancesLors he abandoned hls body whlch Lransformed lLself ln Lhe evenlng 8rahma Lhen acqulred
anoLher body whlch was affluenL of 8a[as quallLles and Lhus was creaLed human belng Pe agaln
abandoned hls body and from lL was creaLed !yoLsna Lhe LranslLlon perlod of day and nlghL
!yoLsna evenlng and day conLaln Lhe quallLy of SaLva ln Lhemselves nlghL has Lhe quallLy of
1amas ln lLself 1he delLles demons and human belngs are mosL powerful durlng Lhe day nlghL
and !yoLsna perlod respecLlvely 1he ancesLors are mosL powerful and lnvlnclble durlng Lhe
evenlng Llme
8rahma Lhen creaLed creaLures who had mousLaches and beard on Lhelr face Some creaLures
among Lhem sLarLed aLLacklng Lhe oLhers 1hose who were belng aLLacked and pleaded save us
were called Lhe 8akshasas (demons) 1he aLLackers who Lhundered we would devour you up
were known as ?akshas (celesLlal belngs)
8rahma was very dlspleased by Lhelr LanLrums Some of hls halr fell down on earLh and Lhus
were creaLed Lhe snakes 1he flesheaLlng Canas were nexL Lo be creaLed 1hese Canas were
exLremely volaLlle ln naLure AfLer LhaL 8rahma creaLed Lhe Candharvas
1hls way afLer havlng creaLed Lhese elghL Lypes of dlvlne creaLlon 8rahma creaLed all Lhe
anlmals and blrds from hls body Pe creaLed Lhe goaL from hls mouLh lamb from hls hearL cow
from hls sLomach and back anlmals llke horse elephanL donkey rabblL deer camel and mule
were creaLed by 8rahma from boLh hls legs varleLy of vegeLaLlon and medlclnal planLs were
creaLed from Lhe halr of hls body 8rahma Lhen creaLed Lhe followlng Lhlngs from Lhe flrsL of hls
four mouLhs CayaLrl 1rl rlk Lrl vrlL Sam 8aLhanLar and AgnlshLom lrom hls mouLh faclng
souLh he creaLed ?a[uh 1ralshLumchhand anchadashasLom vrlhaLsam and ukLha lrom hls
mouLh faclng wesL he creaLed Sham !agaLlchhand anchadashasLom valroop and ALlraLra
lrom hls mouLh faclng norLh he creaLed LwenLyone ALharva ApLoryam AnushLubha and
valra[
ln Lhe beglnnlng of kalpa 8rahma creaLed Lhe naLural Lhlngs llke llghLnlng va[ra cloud
ralnbow and blrds AfLer LhaL he creaLed Lhe delLles eLc Pe Lhen creaLed sLable Lhlngs llke
mounLalns llvlng creaLures LhaL could move demons blrds anlmals and snakes eLc All Lhese
llvlng creaLures Lake blrLh and reblrLhs reap Lhe frulLs of Lhe pasL karmas done ln Lhelr prevlous
llfe 1hls ls Lhe way 8rahma had done creaLlon aL Lhe end of Lhe dlssoluLlon perlod
CCuLA1lvL C8LA1lCnS
Markandeya says 8rahma creaLed one Lhousand couples from hls mouLh ln Lhe beglnnlng of
creaLlon 1hese couples were radlanL and possessed vlrLuous quallLles (SaLvlk) Cnce agaln
8rahma creaLed one Lhousand couples from hls chesL buL Lhls Llme Lhey possessed Lhe quallLy of
8a[as 1hls phenomenon was repeaLed for Lhe second Llme and once agaln one Lhousand couples
manlfesLed Lhemselves from hls chesL 1hese couples were boLh 8a[as as well as 1amaslk by
naLure AL lasL 8rahma creaLed one Lhousand more couples from boLh hls legs 1hese couples
were compleLely 1amaslk by naLure 1he couples sLarLed copulaLlng and Lhls process has been
conLlnulng slnce Lhen 8rahma now became worrled as Lo how Lo accommodaLe such a large number of
people lnlLlally Lhese people used Lo roam abouL every where as Lhere were no
permanenL resldences Lo accomodaLe Lhem AL Lhe arrlval of 1reLa ?uga Lhey developed
aLLachmenL and sLarLed llvlng ln houses SubsequenLly Lhey sLarLed llvlng ln varlous Lypes of
abodes ura vlllage uronlmukha Shakhanagar kharvaLak uraml Cram and Sanghosh eLc
uAkSPAS LlnLACL
Markandeya says 8rahma on seelng LhaL lnsplLe of all hls creaLlons Lhe populaLlon was noL
lncreaslng he declded Lo creaLe hls ManaspuLras 1hese ManaspuLras were creaLed merely by hls
wlsh 1helr names were 8hrlgu ulasLya ulaha kraLu Anglra Marlchl uaksha ALrl and
vashlshLa AfLer Lhls he flrsL creaLed Lhe feroclous 8udra and Lhen Sankalpa and uharma 8uL all
Lhese people were very vlrLuous knowledgeable and unaffecLed by worldly deslres 1hey showed
Lhelr dlslncllnaLlon Lowards Lhe purpose for whlch Lhey have been creaLed by 8rahma le
lncreaslng Lhe populaLlon 8rahma became very furlous ln hls anger and creaLed an enLlLy whose
half porLlon resembled a mans body whlle Lhe remalnlng half resembled LhaL of a woman
8rahma lnsLrucLed LhaL enLlLy Lo blsecL hls body lnLo Lwo dlsLlncL forms of a man and a woman
1he enLlLy followed 8rahmas lnsLrucLlon and Lhls way Swayambhu Manu and ShaLrupa came
lnLo belng Manu accepLed ShaLrupa as hls wlfe 1wo sons were born Lo Lhem rlyavraLa and
uLLanpada AparL from Lhese Lwo sons Lwo daughLers were also born Lo Lhem AkuLl and rasuLl
rasuLl was marrled Lo uaksha whlle AkuLl was marrled Lo 8uchl 1wenLyfour daughLers were
born Lo uaksha and rasuLl ouL of whlch LhlrLeen of Lhem were marrled Lo uharma 1he
remalnlng eleven daughLers were marrled Lo sages llke 8hrlgu Mahadeva Marlchl Anglra ALrl
eLc
uharma faLhered kama from Shradha Srl gave blrLh Lo uarpa uhrlLl and nlyama 1ushLl gave
blrLh Lo SanLosh ushLl Lo Lobha Medha Lo ShruL krlya Lo uand 8uddhl Lo 8odh La[[a Lo
vlnay vapra Lo vyavasay ShanLl Lo kshema Slddhl Lo Sukh and klrLl gave blrLh Lo ?ash
kama Lhe son of uharma was Lhe faLher of ALlhrlshLa
Plmsa Lhe wlfe of Adharma gave blrLh Lo AnrlLa AnrlLa was marrled Lo nlrrlLl 1wo sons
named narak and 8haya and Lwo daughLers named Maya and vedana were born Lo Lhem
Maya gave blrLh Lo MrlLyu whereas uukha was born as a resulL of naraks marrlage wlLh
vedana llve chlldren were born Lo MrlLyu vyadhl !ara Shoka 1rlshna and krodha All of
Lhem were very lrrellglous by naLure and Lhey never goL an opporLunlLy geL marrled and have
progenles
MrlLyus wlfe nlrrlLl ls also known by Lhe name of Alakshml AlLogeLher fourLeen sons were
born Lo Lhem All Lhese fourLeen sons of MrlLyu dwell ln Lhe organs of human belngs durlng Lhe
Llme of desLrucLlon CuL of Lhese fourLeen sons Len dwell ln Lhe sense organs of human belngs
and Lhe elevenLh son dwells ln Lhe mlnd 1hey lnfluence Lhe sense organs and Lhe mlnd of a man
ln a negaLlve way by means of aLLachmenL and anger 1he LwelfLh son exlsLs ln Lhe form of
arrogance 1he LhlrLeenLh son Apar adversely affecLs Lhe lnLelllgence of a man 1he fourLeenLh son
uuhsah resldes ln Lhe house of males uuhsah ls naked always hungry hls
mouLh faclng downwards and caws llke Lhe crow
uLSCLnuAn1S Cl uuPSAP
Markandeya says nlrmashLl Lhe wlfe of uuhsah was Lhe daughLer of ?ama AlLogeLher slxLeen
chlldren were born Lo uuhsah and nlrmashLl CuL of Lhem elghL were sons and Lhe remalnlng
elghL were daughLers 1he name of Lhe sons were uanLakrlshLl 1aLhokLl arlvarLa Angadhruka
Shakunl Canda ranraLl Carbhaha and Sasyaha whlle Lhe names of Lhe daughLers were
nlyo[lka vlrodhlnl Swayamaharlnl 8hramanl 8lLuharlka SmrlLlhara 8ee[hara and
vldveshlnl uanLakrlshLl causes Lhe LeeLh of Lhe chlld Lo make a grlndlng sound 1aLhokLl ls
commonly used whlle men are converslng by saylng So be lL (1aLhasLu) arlvarLa becomes
happy by esLabllshlng an allen foeLus ln Lhe womb of women Angadhruka causes Lhe organs of
human belngs Lo Lhrob and enables hlm Lo express Lhe emoLlons of [oy and sorrow Shakunl
resldes ln Lhe bodles of blrds llke crow and anlmals llke dog or fox
Canda desLroys all Lhe vlrLues Carbhaha desLroys Lhe foeLus ln Lhe womb of a woman whlle
Sasyaha desLroys all klnds of wealLh
Among Lhe daughLers nlyo[lka encourages a man Lo have llllclL relaLlonshlp and also Lo sLeal Lhe
wealLh of oLhers vlrodhlnl causes dlfferences beLween husband and wlfe and also among Lhe
famlly members Swayamaharlnl desLroys Lhe prosperlLy of a man 8hramanl causes resLlessness
and anger ln Lhe hearL of a man llvlng aL one place for a long Llme 8lLuharlka desLroys Lhe
mensLrual cycle of women SmrlLlharlka causes loss of memory 8ee[hara desLroys Lhe sexual
powers of a man and woman uweshlnl causes [ealousy ln Lhe hearL of a man and woman
AlLogeLher 38 chlldren were born Lo all Lhe 16 chlldren of uuhsah and nlrmashLl All of Lhem
were wlcked and caused mlserles Lo people
1PL C8LA1lCn Cl 8uu8AS
Markandeya says now l am golng Lo Lell you abouL 8udrasarga Cne of Lhe elghL sons of
8rahma sLarLed walllng afLer belng creaLed from hls (8rahma) body 8rahma asked hlm as Lo
why he was crylng 1he crylng chlld requesLed 8rahma Lo glve hlm a name 8rahma named hlm
as 8udra slnce he was walllng aL Lhe Llme of hls blrLh 8uL even afLer geLLlng hls name Lhe chllds
walllng dld noL sLop Pe walled for seven Llmes and as a resulL seven more chlldren were
manlfesLed from hls crles 8rahma named Lhese seven chlldren as 8hava Sharva lshan
ashupaLl 8heem ugra and Mahadeva Pe also gave Lhem abodes so LhaL Lhey could llve 1he
followlng elghL Lhlngs respecLlvely symbollze Lhe forms of all Lhese elghL rudras Sun waLer
earLh flre alr sky ulkshlL 8rahmln and Soma All Lhese elghL rudras were also glven Lhelr
respecLlve wlves who were Suvarchala uma vlkeshl Swadha Swaha ulk ulksha and 8ohlnl
1he elghL sons of all Lhe elghL rudras are Shanalshwar Shukra LohlLang Mano[av Skand Sarg
SanLan and 8uddh respecLlvely 8udra had accepLed SaLl as hls wlfe SaLl gave up her llfe because her
faLher uaksha had shown
dlsrespecL Lo her husband 8udra SaLl Look her second blrLh as arvaLl Lhe daughLer of Plmavan
Malnak was her broLher 8hava marrled arvaLl khyaLl was 8hrlgus wlfe 1hey had Lwo
chlldren uhaLa and vldhaLa Lakshml was Lhe consorL of narayana Meru had Lwo daughLersAyaLl and
nlyaLl 8oLh of Lhem were marrled Lo uhaLa and vldhaLa respecLlvely Lach one of
Lhem had Lwo sons AyaLl had named her son as ran whlle nlyaLl named her son as Mrlkandu
1he same Mrlkandu ls my (Markandeya) faLher My moLhers name ls Manaswlnl and my sons
name ls vedashlra
SambhuLl Lhe wlfe of Marlchl gave blrLh Lo aurnmas SmrlLl Lhe wlfe of Marlchl gave blrLh Lo
four daughLers Slnlwall kuhu 8aka and AnumaLl Ansuya Lhe wlfe of sage ALrl gave blrLh Lo
Lhree sons Soma uurvasa and uaLLaLreya uuLL and uambholl were born Lo reeLl Lhe wlfe of
ulasLya Pe became famous as AgasLya durlng Lhe Llme of Swayambhuva ManavanLar
1hree sons kardam Arvaveera and Sahlshnu were born Lo kshama Lhe wlfe of ulaha
SannaLl Lhe wlfe of 8lLu gave blrLh Lo 60000 8alkhllyaganas ur[a Lhe wlfe of vashlshLa gave
blrLh Lo seven sons 8a[a CaLra urdhwabahu Sabal Anagh SuLapa and Shukra 1hese seven
are famous as Lhe SapLarlshls
Agnl was marrled Lo Swaha 1hree sons were born Lo Lhem avak avamana and Shuchl
1PL vA8lCuS MAnvAn1A8S
SWA?AM8PuvA MAnvAn1A8
Markandeya says Swayambhuva Manu had Len sons Pe had dlvlded Lhe whole earLh lnLo seven
conLlnenLs ln Lhe beglnnlng of 1reLa ?uga Lhe sons of rlyavraLa had done Lhe same ra[avaLlLhe
daughLer of kardam ra[apaLl had Len sons and Lwo daughLers from rlyavraLa names of
Lhese Len sons were Agnlghna MedhaLlLhl vayushman !yoLlshman uyuLlman 8haLya Savan
Medha Agnlbahu and MlLra Among all Lhese Len sons Lhe lasL Lhree never ruled any klngdom
1he remalnlng seven sons were made Lhe rulers of all Lhe seven conLlnenLs by rlyavraLa
Agnlghna was made Lhe ruler of !ambudweep MedhaLlLhl LhaL of lakshdweep vayushman was
glven Shalmalldweep whereas !yoLlshman was made Lhe ruler of kushdweep Slmllarly
uyuLlman was glven kraunchdweep Lo rule whlle 8haLya was glven Shakdweep 1he sevenLh
son Savan was made Lhe ruler of ushkardweep Savan had Lwo sons Medhavl and uhaLakl
Savan subdlvlded Lhe ushkardweep lnLo Lwo parLs and each parL was glven Lo each of Lhe sons
8haLya had seven sons !alad kumar Sukumar Marnavak kushoLLar Medhavl and Mahadrum
8haLya Loo subdlvlded Lhe Shakdweep lnLo seven parLs and dlsLrlbuLed Lhem among all hls sons
Slmllarly uyuLlman Loo had seven sons Lo whom were dlsLrlbuLed hls klngdom kraunchdweep
afLer subdlvldlng lL lnLo seven parLs !yoLlshman vayushman and MedhaLlLhl made Lhelr
respecLlve sons Lhe rulers afLer glvlng Lhem klngdoms Agnlghna was Lhe ruler of !ambudweep
Pe had nlne sons Pls klngdom was equally dlsLrlbuLed among all of Lhem nabhl Lhe son of
Agnlghna was Lhe faLher of 8lshabh 8haraLa was Lhe son of 8lshabh 8haraLa was glven Lhe
souLhern parL of 8lshabhs klngdom Cur counLry ls named afLer 8haraLa!AM8uuWLL
Markandeya says LhaL Lhe LoLal area of !ambudweep comprlses of one lakh ?o[an whlle Lhe area
of lakshdweep ls Lwlce Lhe area of !ambudweep le Lwo lakh ?o[ans Slmllarly Shalmall ls
Lwlce Lhe area of laksh whlle kusha ls Lwlce Lhe area of Shalmall 1he area of kraunchdweep ls
Lwlce Lhe area of kushdweep whereas Lhe area of Shakdweep ls Lwlce Lhe area of kraunchdweep
1he lsland of ushkar ls Lwlce Lhe area of Shak Seven mounLalns are slLuaLed ln all Lhese seven
lslands 1hey are Plmavan PemkuL 8lshabh Meru neel ShweL and Srlngl llavrlL ls slLuaLed ln
Lhe mlddle of slx mounLalns whlch Lhemselves are slLuaLed ln Lhe mlddle of Lhe ocean
surroundlng all Lhe seven lslands named earller Sumeru MounLaln ls slLuaLed ln Lhe cenLral parL
of llavrlL eople belonglng Lo all Lhe four casLes 8rahmln kshaLrlya valshya and Shudra reslde
ln llavrlL
!usL above llavrlL are Lhe dwelllng places of Lokpals llke lndra eLc Lord 8rahmas assembly ls
slLuaLed aL Lhe cenLer 8eneaLh llavrlL are slLuaLed Lhe four mounLalns Mandar Candhmadan
vlpul and Suparshva 1hese four mounLalns are slLuaLed ln each of Lhe four dlrecLlons 1he CreaL
MounLaln nlshadh ls slLuaLed Lowards Lhe wesL of Meru whlle Lhe CreaL MounLaln arlyaLra ls
slLuaLed [usL behlnd lL 1owards Lhe souLh of Meru are slLuaLed Lhe greaL mounLalns kallash and
Plmavan 1he mounLalns Srlngvan and !arudhl are slLuaLed Lowards Lhe norLh of Meru MounLaln
8lver !ambu flows all around Lhe Meru MounLaln ln a clrcular paLh
1PL C8lCln Cl CAnCA
Markandeya says 8lver Canga orlglnaLes from a place named uhruvadhar 1hls parLlcular place
ls relaLed wlLh narayana 8lver Canga Lhen falls on Lhe Sumeru MounLaln and geLs dlsLrlbuLed
lnLo four maln sLreams Cne of Lhese sLreams flows Lowards ChalLrarLha foresL 1he name of Lhls
parLlcular sLream ls SlLa 1he same SlLa Canga enLers lnLo Lhe varunaoda reservolr and from
Lhere lL moves Lowards Lhe ocean and agaln changes lLs course Lo geL submerge lnLo LhaL sLream
of Canga whlch has fallen on Lhe Candhmadan MounLaln and whlch ls known as Alaknanda
Alaknanda afLer submerglng lnLo Mansarovar subsequenLly enLered Lhe Mahadrl Plmalaya where
Lord Shankar held her ln Pls locks of halr Pe released rlver Canga only aL Lhe requesL of sage
8haglraLh
AfLer belng released rlver Canga goL subdlvlded lnLo seven sLreams and ulLlmaLely all Lhose
seven sLreams submerged lnLo Lhe ocean 1he sLream of Canga whlch orlglnaLes from Lhe wesL of
Sumeru MounLaln ls known as Suchakshu 1hls sLream geLs submerged ln Lhe ocean Lowards Lhe
souLh afLer passlng Lhrough many mounLalns 1he fourLh sLream reaches SavlLa foresL afLer
passlng Lhrough Lwo mounLalns Suparshu and Meru 1hls parLlcular sLream ls famously known
as 8hadrasoma 8hadrasoma Canga ulLlmaLely geL submerged lnLo Lhe ocean afLer passlng
Lhrough mounLalns llke ShankhkooL and vrlshabh
8PA8A1AvA8SPAkrausLukl asked Markandeya C lord! lease descrlbe abouL 8haraLavarsha
Markandeya
replled 8haraLavarsha ls surrounded by oceans on all lLs Lhree sldes eople llvlng Lowards Lhe
easL of 8haraLavarsha are known as klraL whlle people llvlng Lowards Lhe wesL are called ?avan
1he cenLral parL of 8haraLavarsha ls lnhablLed by all Lhe four casLes 8rahmln kshaLrlya
valshya and Shudra 1he seven mounLalns are slLuaLed ln Lhe cenLral parL of 8haraLavarsha 1hey
are Mahendra Malaya Sahaya ShakLlman 8lksh vlndhya and arlyaLra 1here are Lhousands
of hllls slLuaLed ln Lhe vlclnlLy of Lhese seven mounLalns 1he cenLral parL of 8haraLavarsha ls
subdlvlded lnLo !anpadas 1he resldenLs of Lhese !anpadas are known as Mlechha and Arya All
Lhe ma[or rlvers of 8haraLavarsha llke Canga SaraswaLl Slndhu Chandrabhaga ?amuna
ShaLadru vlLasLa lrawaLl ComLl vlpasha and Candkl eLc orlglnaLe from Lhe mounLalns slLuaLed
ln Lhe cenLral parLs 1he names of Lhe promlnenL !anpadas slLuaLed ln Lhe cenLral parL of
8haraLavarsha are MaLsya AshwakooL kulya kunLal kashl koshal Arbuda kallnga Malak
vrlk eLc 8lver Codavarl flows Lowards Lhe norLh of Sahya MounLaln
A clLy named Covardhan ls slLuaLed near Lhls mounLaln Some oLher promlnenL places slLuaLed ln
Lhe vlclnlLy of Lhls mounLaln are 8ahallk vaLaghan Amlr and kalLoyak kshaLrlya valshya and
Shudras llve ln Lhe followlng sLaLes Shudra ahalav Charmakhandlka Candhar ?avan
Slndhu Sauveer 8hadrak ShaLadru[ arad and kekaya 1he followlng sLaLes are slLuaLed ln Lhe
norLh of 8haraLavarsha 1amas Pansmarg kashmlr Shullk kuhak urna uarva eLc SLaLes llke
Abhrarak Mudgarak AnLaglrl lawang Mal uamal varLlk uLLarbrahma rag[yoLlsh Madra
vldeha 1amrallpLak Malla and Magadh are slLuaLed ln Lhe easL of 8haraLavarsha SLaLes slLuaLed
ln Lhe souLh of 8haraLavarsha are andya kerala Chola MaharashLra Mahlshlk kallnga and
Amlr 1hese are Lhe !anpadas where Shabar llve
!anpadas slLuaLed ln Lhe wesL of 8haraLavarsha are Suryarak kallbala uurg kaha ullnd
1oshal and koshal eLc 8haraLavarsha ls Lhe only counLry ln Lhe whole world where all Lhe four
yugas SaLya 1reLa uwapar and kall occur ln a cycllc way 8haraLavarsha ls Lhe rooL of all
forms of dlvlnlLy where delLles reslde and almlghLy Cod Lakes lncarnaLlon
1C81ClSL lnCA8nA1lCn
krausLukl asked Markandeya C lord! Pow does Srl Parl llve ln Lhe form of a LorLolse?
Markandeya replled Srl Parl ln Lhe form of a LorLolse slLs faclng easL SLaLes slLuaLed ln Lhe
cenLral porLlon of hls body are vedl Madra Mandavya Shalva khasa SaraswaL MaLsya eLc
SLaLes whlch are slLuaLed ln Lhe mouLh of Lhe LorLolse are vrlshadhwa[ An[an kasha Magadh
rag[yoLlsh MlLhlla koshal eLc ln Lhe rlghL fooL of Lhe LorLolse are slLuaLed sLaLes llke kallnga
8anga eLc vlndhya MounLaln ls also slLuaLed ln Lhe rlghL fooL SLaLes whlch are slLuaLed ln Lhe
Lall of Lhe LorLolse are Manlmegha kshuradrl khan[ konkan anchmad vamana Sharkar
Chullk Ashwakesha eLc Mandakya Chandarwar Ashwa kaland Chor ChuraLwadl are Lhe
sLaLes LhaL are slLuaLed ln Lhe lefL fooL of Lhe LorLolse !anpadas llke kallash Plmalaya kraunch
kalkaya 1akshashlla Candhar kharas ?audheya and 8a[anya eLc are slLuaLed ln Lhe lefL slde
of Lhe LorLolses abdomen
narayana ln Lhe form of LorLolse ls LhaL lnconcelvable soul ln whlch reslde all Lhe lords of delLles
and consLellaLlons8PAu8ASPvA vA8SPA
Markandeya says 8hadrashva varsh ls slLuaLed Lowards Lhe easL of Lhe greaL mounLaln uevakuL
llve more mounLalns are slLuaLed wlLhln lLs area kauran[ ShweLaparna neela Shalwal and
arnashalagra 8hadrashva conslsLs of Lhousands of !anpadas numerous rlvers llke SlLa
Shankhavall 8hadra and ChakravarLa flows Lhere eople llvlng ln 8hadrashva varsh are full of
radlance and Lhey llve for 1000 years narayana dwells ln 8hadrashva ln hls lncarnaLlon of
Payagreev
now l am golng Lo Lell abouL keLumal varsh whlch has seven mounLalns wlLhln lLs area vlshal
kambal krlshna !ayanL ParlparvaL vlshoka and vardhaman 1here are Lhousands of smaller
hllls aparL from Lhese seven ma[or mounLalns where people llve 1he names of Lhe rlvers flowlng
aL keLumal varsh are vankshuyama Swakambha Amogha kamlnl Shyama eLc narayana
dwells ln keLumal varsh ln hls lncarnaLlon of a boar (varaha)
now llsLen abouL uLLarkurudesha 1here are Lhousands of Lrees whlch are frulL laden ln all Lhe
seasons Apparels are made from Lhe bark of Lhe Lrees and ornamenLs from lLs frulLs AfLer belng
degraded Lhe resldenLs of uevaloka Lake blrLh here uLLarkuru has Lwo mounLalns ChandrakanL
and SuryakanL 1he rlver 8hadrasoma flows beLween Lhese Lwo mounLalns narayana ln hls
lncarnaLlon of MaLsya (flsh) llves aL uLLarkuru Chandradweep and 8hadradweep are Lhe Lwo
famous lslands slLuaLed aL uLLarkuru
klMu8uSPA vA8SPA
Markandeya says 1he people resldlng ln klmurusha varsh en[oy a long llfe 1hey llve for
10000 years 1hey are never boLhered by any klnd of dlsease or sorrow !usL behlnd klmpurusha
varsh ls slLuaLed Parl varsh 1he resldenLs of Parl varsh en[oy an eLernally youLhful llfe because
of Lhe sugarcane [ulce Lhey lnLake Meru varsh whlch ls slLuaLed near Parl varsh ls also known
as llavrlL lL ls devold of Lhe llghL of Lhe Sun buL geLs sufflclenL llghL from Lhe radlanL Sumeru
MounLaln lL ls so brlghL LhaL even Lhe Sun geLs overshadowed eople llvlng ln Meru varsh
en[oy a very long llfe for 30000 years Slmllarly people llvlng ln 8amyak varsh susLaln
Lhemselves by drlnklng frulL [ulce 1hey llve for 10000 years Plranyamay varsh ls slLuaLed
Lowards Lhe norLh of 8amyak varsh where Lhe rlver PlranvaLl flows 1he resldenLs of
Plranyamay are powerful rlch and handsome ln appearance
SWA8CCPlSP MAnvAn1A8
krausLukl asked Markandeya C greaL sage! now Lell me someLhlng abouL Swarochlsh
ManavanLar?
Markandeya replled Cnce upon a Llme Lhere llved a 8rahmln aL Lhe bank of rlver varuna Cne
day a guesL arrlved aL hls place 1he 8rahmln LreaLed hls guesL wlLh due respecL AfLer formal
lnLroducLlon Lhe 8rahmln became aware LhaL hls guesL was noL an ordlnary person Pe had
Lravelled around Lhe world wlLh Lhe help of some speclal manLras he knew and medlclnal herbs
whlch he had ln hls possesslon 1he 8rahmln was qulLe lmpressed Pe Loo wanLed Lo see Lhe whole
earLh Pe requesLed hls guesL Lo glve Lhe manLra and Lhe medlclnal herb so LhaL he could
Lravel around Lhe world [usL llke hlm 1he guesL applled some medlclnal soluLlon on hls legs
AfLer Lhls Lhe 8rahmln wenL Lo see Lhe Plmalaya MounLaln Whlle wanderlng Lhere Lhe soluLlon
whlch had been applled on hls legs goL washed away As a resulL he now became lmmoblle Pe
sLarLed looklng all around hlmself Pe found numerous Apsaras enLerLalnlng Lhe klnnars
Candharvas and delLles 1he 8rahmln was very much pleased Lo see Lhe happy aLmosphere
prevalllng all around Plmalaya Pe LhoughL of golng back Lo hls place buL was unsuccessful as
Lhe medlclnal soluLlon had been washed Pe became very sad An Apsara by Lhe name of
varudhlnl saw hlm ln a mlserable condlLlon She became lnfaLuaLed by hlm When she wenL near
hlm he asked Who are you? Who ls your husband? WhaL are you dolng here?
AfLer Lhls he narraLed hls own sLory and sald l had come from Aruna nagar Lo see Lhe
Plmalaya 8uL l am unable Lo reLurn home as Lhe medlclnal soluLlon whlch was applled on my
legs has been washed varudhlnl Lold Lhe 8rahmln LhaL she was an Apsara She also expressed
her deep love Lowards Lhe 8rahmln She requesLed Lhe 8rahmln Lo sLay Lhere and noL Lo go back
home She assured hlm lf he dld as per her lnsLrucLlons Lhen he would en[oy an eLernal youLh Pe
would never become old varudhlnl forclbly Lrled Lo embrace Lhe 8rahmln 1hls made Lhe
8rahmln very angry
Pe sald varudhlnl! 1he sacred scrlpLures prohlblL a 8rahmln from lndulglng ln sensual
pleasures because lL glves sorrow noL only ln Lhls world buL also afLer hls deaLh 8uL varudhlnl
was noL saLlsfled by hls answers She LhreaLened Lo glve up her llfe lf Lhe 8rahmln dld noL marry
her 1he 8rahmln dld noL agree 1he 8rahmln purlfled hlmself by performlng Achaman and
began worshlpplng Agnl Pe sald C Agnl! ?ou are Lhe rooL cause of all karmas 1he delLles
bless us wlLh raln only afLer you are pleased C Agnl! l need your blesslngs l wanL Lo go back
home
vA8uuPlnlS MCuLS1? 88LACPLu
Markandeya says Agnl became pleased by Lhe 8rahmlns devoLlon Agnl enLered lnLo hls body
1he 8rahmlns body lllumlnaLed due Lo Agnls radlance When varudhlnl saw Lhls she was
fasclnaLed by Lhe 8rahmlns appearance 1he 8rahmln proceeded Lowards hls home leellng
helpless varudhlnl cursed her faLe
varudhlnl had once lnsulLed a Candharva named kall someLlme ln Lhe pasL Chanclng upon Lhe
opporLunlLy kall wenL Lo varudhlnl Lake hls revenge Pe had dlsgulsed hlmself as a 8rahmln
When she saw hlm she sald l need your proLecLlon lf you heed Lo my requesL Lhen you wlll
cerLalnly aLLaln vlrLuoslLy kall dld noL wanL her Lo know abouL hls real ldenLlLy so he replled lf
you really wanL my proLecLlon Lhen you musL have your eyes closed whlle havlng copulaLlon
varudhlnl agreed
PlS MA88lACL Wl1?P MAnC8AMA
ln due course of Llme varudhlnl became pregnanL She gave blrLh Lo a chlld who was named
Swarochl 1he chlld was exLraordlnary ln a very shorL Llme he became proflclenL ln all Lhe scrlpLures
Cne day young Swarochl saw a Lerrlfled glrl near Lhe Mandar MounLaln When Lhe
glrl saw Swarochl she pleaded for help Swarochl assured her and asked abouL her ldenLlLy She
sald My name ls Manorama Cnce l had made fun of a sage who was dolng penance near Lhe
kallash MounLaln AL LhaL Llme Lwo of my companlons vlbhavarl and kalavaLl were also
presenL wlLh me 1he sage cursed all Lhree of us vlbhavarl and kalavaLl goL lnfllcLed wlLh
leprosy and Luberculosls due Lo hls curse Lven l was noL spared l am belng chased by a
feroclous demon slnce Lhen l need your proLecLlon from LhaL demon l am glvlng you Lhls very
powerful weapon wlLh whlch you can successfully klll Lhe demon
Swarochl Look Lhe weapon uurlng Lhe conversaLlon beLween Swarochl and Manorama a demon
arrlved [usL Lhen 1he demon wanLed Lo devour Manorama Swarochl was confused as he dld noL
wanL Lhe sages curse Lo go fuLlle Pe allowed Lhe demon Lo geL hold of Manorama who Lhen
sLarLed walllng Pearlng her wall Swarochl LhoughL of kllllng Lhe demon 8ecomlng afrald Lhe
demon released Manorama from hls cluLches and pleaded Swarochl Lo spare hls llfe Pe Lhen
narraLed hls own sLory Pe sald ?ou have rescued me from sage 8rahmamlLras curse AcLually
my name ls lndlvaraksha l had requesLed 8rahmamlLra Lo Leach hlm Lhe nuances of Ayurveda
whlch he refused l declded Lo learn Ayurveda whlle sage 8rahmamlLra LaughL hls dlsclples by
hldlng myself Cne day Lhe sage came Lo know of Lhls Pe cursed me Lo become a demon l
begged for hls forglveness Pe sald WhaLever l have sald wlll deflnlLely come Lrue ?ou wlll
cerLalnly become a demon AfLer becomlng a demon you wlll Lry Lo devour your own daughLer
buL would regaln your orlglnal form of Candharva due Lo Lhe Louch of AsLranal weapon wlLh
whlch you would be aLLacked C greaL soul! Slnce you have llberaLed me from Lhe curse
Lherefore l hand over Lhls glrl Lo you AccepL her as your wlfe l wlll also besLow Lhe knowledge
of Ayurveda whlch l had learnL from sage 8rahmamlLra
Manorama requesLed Swarochl Lo cure her companlons from Lhe dlseases Lhey were sufferlng
from Swarochl assured Manorama LhaL he would cerLalnly cure her companlons wlLh Lhe help of
Ayurveda whlch Lhe demon had LaughL hlm 8oLh Swarochl and Manorama goL marrled
Swarochl Lhen wenL Lo her companlons and cured Lhem from Lhelr dlseases
SWA8CCPlS C1PL8 MA88lACLS
Markandeya says AfLer geLLlng cured from Lhelr respecLlve dlseases boLh Lhe companlons of
Manorama expressed Lhelr graLlLude Lo Swarochl Swarochl marrled boLh vlbhavarl as well as
kalavaLl 1o show her graLlLude vlbhavarl LaughL Swarochl a speclal arL LhaL helped hlm Lo
undersLand Lhe language of all Lhe llvlng creaLures kalavaLl on Lhe oLher hand whlle narraLlng her
Lale sald A demon named All had asked my hand ln marrlage from my faLher buL my faLher
refused 1he demon goL angry and kllled my faLher l wanLed Lo commlL sulclde buL SaLl Lhe wlfe
of Shambhu prevenLed me from dolng so by saylng ?ou would be forLunaLe Lo become a wlfe
of greaL soul Swarochl
SWA8CCPlS 8L8CACPMLn1
Markandeya says AfLer geLLlng marrled Swarochl sLarLed llvlng happlly along wlLh all hls Lhree
wlves aL Malaya MounLaln Cne day lmpressed by Lhe muLual love Swarochl and hls wlves had for each
oLher a female ruddy goose Lold anoLher one very rarely are found such couples who
have love for each oLher 8uL Lhe oLher female ruddy goose dld noL agree She replled ?ou are
wrong Swarochl ls noL a blessed man AcLually he decelves all of hls Lhree wlves Lven hls love
for all Lhe Lhree wlves ls varled When one wlfe ls deslrous of hls love he embraces Lhe oLher
wlfe So where ls Lhe quesLlon of havlng muLual love for one anoLher? ln comparlson my
husband and l are blessed because we have muLual love and respecL for each oLher
Swarochl who was llsLenlng Lo Lhelr conversaLlon reallsed how Lrue Lhe ruddy goose was 8uL
sLlll he dld noL change hls ways and conLlnued Lo llve wlLh hls wlves for 100 years Cne day
whlle wanderlng Swarochl saw a deer surrounded by a herd of doe Cne of Lhe doe on havlng a
deslre Lo copulaLe wlLh Lhe deer sLarLed snlfflng hlm ln anLlclpaLlon 8uL Lhe deer became angry
and sald uo you Lhlnk l am as shameless as Swarochl? A man who ls soughL by numerous
beauLles hls condlLlon becomes laughable noL only does Lhe dally rouLlne of such a man geLs
dlsLurbed buL also hls behavlour ls never falr Lowards hls wlves
1PL C8lCln Cl SWA8CCPlSP MAnu
Markandeya says Swarochl became very sad afLer hearlng Lhe deers uLLerances Pe reallsed
how lowly and mean he had become Pe declded Lo renounce llfe afLer abandonlng hls wlves
8uL Lhls dld noL happen because as soon as he meL Lhem he forgoL everyLhlng abouL renunclaLlon
Pe conLlnued Lo llve wlLh hls wlves ln due course of Llme Swarochl begoL Lhree sons vl[ay
Merunand and rabhav Swarochl ordered Lhe consLrucLlon of Lhree clLles for hls sons whlch he
donaLed Lo each of Lhem 1he clLy slLuaLed Lowards Lhe easL was glven Lo vl[ay whlle Lhe clLy
slLuaLed Lowards Lhe norLh named nandvaLl was glven Lo Merunand 1he clLy named 1al whlch
was slLuaLed ln Lhe souLh was glven Lo rabhav
Swarochl Lhen llved happlly wlLh hls wlves Cne day Swarochl had gone for hunLlng Pe saw a
wlld boar and ad[usLed hls arrow on Lhe bowsLrlng Lo klll lL !usL Lhen a doe arrlved and requesLed
hlm Lo klll her lnsLead of kllllng LhaL boar She sald klll me wlLh your arrow so LhaL l geL
llberaLed from my sorrows l donL wanL Lo llve because l have become lnfaLuaLed wlLh such a
person whose hearL lles somewhere else My asplraLlons remaln unfulfllled So deaLh ls my only
refuge
Swarochl was very much amazed Pe asked Who ls LhaL fellow? 1he doe replled lL ls nobody
Lhan you Swarochl was puzzled Pow can Lhls be? l am a man whereas you are an anlmal 1he
doe Lhen requesLed Swarochl Lo embrace her whlch Swarochl agreed Lo do As soon as Swarochl
embraced LhaL doe she goL Lransformed lnLo a beauLlful lady Swarochl was very much
asLonlshed buL Lhe doe sald LhaL uonL geL puzzled l am Lhe presldlng delLy of Lhls foresL l have
come Lo seek your help on Lhe requesL of Lhe delLles lL ls your duLy Lo help me ln glvlng blrLh Lo a
son named Manu Swarochl marrled her and ln course of Llme she gave blrLh Lo a son 1he whole
aLmosphere became [oyous and happy aL Lhe blrLh of LhaL chlld Candharvas sLarLed slnglng songs
and Lhe Apsaras danced 1he delLles showered flowers from heaven 1he chlld was so radlanL
LhaL all Lhe four dlrecLlons became lllumlnaLed by hls brllllance Swarochl named Lhls chlld as
uyuLlman 1hls chlld was laLer on also known as Swarochlsh Lhe son of Swarochl Cne day whlle
wanderlng Swarochl saw a swan who was Lelllng hls wlfe now we have
become old so whaL ls Lhe use of remalnlng aLLached Lo each oLher lLs Llme we musL serlously
sLarL Lhlnklng of renounclng llfe 8uL hls wlfe sald 1hls world ls meanL for en[oylng sensual
pleasures Lven Lhe 8rahmlns perform ?agyas wlLh LhaL purpose ln Lhelr mlnd All Lhe vlrLuous
people lndulge ln vlrLuous acLlvlLles wlLh Lhe sole deslre of experlenclng Lhe pleasures of llfe
Pow come Lhe ldea of renunclaLlon has enLered your mlnd? 1he swan replled Cne who ls noL
aLLracLed Lowards sensual pleasures ls LoLally devoLed Lo Cod Cne who ls aLLached by worldly
maLLers can never reach Cod Pave you noL seen Lhe sLaLe of Swarochl? Pow can he be llberaLed
from Lhe sorrows of Lhe world lf he ls noL even wllllng Lo shun Lhe aLLachmenLs? l am noL llke
Swarochl l know LhaL afLer en[oylng a fully saLlsfled llfe Lhls ls Lhe Llme Lo renounce everyLhlng
AfLer hearlng Lhls Swarochl was very much ashamed of hlmself Pe declded Lo do penance Pls
wlves also accompanled hlm All of Lhem ulLlmaLely wenL Lo heaven by Lhe vlrLue of Lhelr
penance
SWA8CCPlSP MAnvAn1A8
Markandeya says uurlng Lhls Swarochlsh ManavanLar lndra was famously known as vlpaschlL
1he oLher delLles were known as aravaL and 1ushlL 1he names of Lhe SapLarlshls who llved
durlng Lhls ManavanLar were ur[a SLamb ran uuLL All 8lshabh nlschar and Arvaveera
Swarochlsh Manu had seven sons who were very mlghLy and brave ChalLra and klmpurusha
were Lwo of Lhem 1he descendanLs of Swarochlsh ruled Lhe earLh Llll Lhe end of Lhls ManavanLar
krausLukl asked C lord! 1ell me abouL Lhe Lreasures of Lhls world
Markandeya replled Coddess Lakshml ls Lhe presldlng delLy of learnlng (vldya) called
admlnl AfLer geLLlng perfecLlon ln Lhls vldya a man becomes Lhe masLer of elghL Lypes of
Lreasures adma Mahapadma Makar kacchupp Mukunda nandak neel and Shankh 1he
Lreasure called adma ls pure ln naLure A man who becomes Lhe masLer of Lhls Lreasure malnly
deals ln Lhlngs llke gold and sllver eLc noL only he buL also hls descendanLs derlve beneflLs from
Lhls parLlcular Lreasure A person who ls Lhe masLer of Mahapadma deals ln Lhlngs llke pearls
corals eLc 1hls parLlcular Lreasure does noL abandon a man Llll hls sevenLh generaLlon 1he
Lreasure called Makar ls 1amaslk ln naLure A man who ls Lhe masLer of Lhls parLlcular Lreasure ls
baslcally 1amaslk by naLure Such a man has masLery ln handllng over varlous weapons llke
swords bows and arrows eLc 1hls parLlcular wealLh remalns wlLh a man only for one generaLlon
1he Lreasure called kacchupp ls also 1amaslk ln naLure A masLer of Lhls parLlcular Lreasure
en[oys all Lhe pleasure of Lhls world and he does noL LrusL any person easlly 1hls Lreasure also
remalns wlLh a man only for one generaLlon 1he Lreasure called Mukunda comprlses of 8a[as
quallLy A masLer of Lhls Lreasure becomes proflclenL ln four Lypes of muslcal lnsLrumenLs llke
veena venu Mrldang eLc Such a man earns loL of money by exhlblLlng hls arL 1he Lreasure
called nandak ls a comblnaLlon of 8a[as and 1amas quallLles A man who geLs lnfluences by Lhls
Lreasure becomes lmmoblle Such a man deals ln Lhlngs llke meLals [ewels cereals eLc 1he
masLer of Lhls Lreasure ls very benevolenL and klnd hearLed 1hls parLlcular Lreasure remalns wlLh
a man Llll Lhe sevenLh generaLlon 1he Lreasure called neel ls also a comblnaLlon of 8a[as and
SaLva quallLles A masLer of Lhls Lreasure deals ln Lhlngs llke cloLhes coLLon pearls frulLs
flowers and Lhlngs made from wood 1hls parLlcular Lreasure remalns wlLh a man Llll Lhree
generaLlons A possessor of Lhls Lreasure ls a greaL soclal worker and consLrucLs brldge ponds eLc 1he
Lreasure called Shankh comprlses of 8a[as and 1amas quallLles Cnly one person can masLer
Lhls parLlcular Lreasure Such a man en[oys good food and ls fond of wearlng expenslve cloLhes
normally Lhls Lype of man does noL glve shelLer Lo oLher people and ls consLanLly Lhlnklng of hls
own beLLermenL
Au11AM MAnvAn1A8
klnC u11AM A8AnuCnS PlS WllL
krausLukl says C lord! now Lell me abouL Lhe AuLLam ManavanLar
Markandeya replled uLLanpada and Suruchl had a son named uLLam uLLam was marrled Lo
8ahula 8ahula dld noL love uLLam and always showed dlsrespecL Lowards hlm Cne day whlle
boLh of Lhem were slLLlng ln Lhe courL waLchlng Lhe proceedlngs uLLam offered a beLel leaf Lo
8ahula whlch she refused klng uLLam felL dlshonored Pe ordered hls aLLendanL Lo abandon Lhe
queen ln Lhe foresL 8ahula Loo was very happy Lhlnklng LhaL now she wlll noL have Lo be ln Lhe
company of uLLam 1hls way 8ahula was Laken Lo Lhe foresL
Cne day a sad 8rahmln came Lo uLLam and sald C klng! Somebody has abducLed my wlfe l
need your help ln flndlng ouL my losL wlfe uLLam asked Lhe 8rahmln abouL Lhe naLure physlcal
consLrucLlon and abouL Lhe age of hls wlfe 1he 8rahmln revealed all Lhe facLs relaLed wlLh hls
wlfe 1he klng was noL lmpressed 1he facLs whlch Lhe 8rahmln had furnlshed wenL Lo prove
LhaL hls wlfe was noL a chasLe lady 1he klng expressed hls vlew abouL hls wlfe ln so many
words Pe sald WhaL ls Lhe use of havlng such a wlcked wlfe? lorgeL abouL her l wlll glve you
anoLher one wlLh all Lhe good quallLles 1he 8rahmln replled C klng! lL ls ones duLy Lo proLecL
ones wlfe no maLLer how wlcked she may be 8y proLecLlng your wlfe your chlldren also geL
proLecLed A man who does noL proLecL hls wlfe has a son of hybrld class Pls ancesLors are
degraded from Lhe heaven because of such Lype of sons l am noL able Lo perform my rellglous
obllgaLlons because of Lhe absence of my wlfe C klng! lease help me
Whlle searchlng Lhe 8rahmlns wlfe klng uLLam saw a sage aL a secluded place When Lhe sage
saw klng uLLam he wanLed Lo offer some Ardhya (some Lype of offerlng) Lo hlm whlch hls
dlsclples prohlblLed hlm from dolng 1hen Lhe sage changed hls mlnd and offered hls seaL Lo Lhe
klng 1he klng asked abouL Lhe reason why he changed hls mlnd of offerlng Lhe Ardhya 1he
sage replled 1hough you are Lhe descendanL of Swayambhu Manu buL slnce you have
commlLLed a grave sln by abandonlng your wlfe l declded LhaL you are noL flL Lo be offered Lhe
Ardhya no maLLer how mean your wlfe ls lL ls your duLy Lo proLecL her aL all cosLs klng uLLam
was very ashamed of hlmself Pe asked Lhe sage abouL Lhe whereabouLs of Lhe 8rahmlns wlfe
1he sage replled Pls wlfe has been abducLed by Lhe demon 8alak Lhe son of Adrl Pe has kepL
her ln Lhe foresL called uLpalavaL Co and help Lhe 8rahmln Lo meeL hls wlfe so LhaL he doesnL
commlL a grave sln llke you
88APMlnS WllL 8L1u8nS PCMLMarkandeya says When klng uLLam reached uLpalavaL foresL he
saw a woman eaLlng a Srlphal
frulL 1he klng asked LhaL woman wheLher she was Lhe wlfe of LhaL 8rahmln Susharma 1he
woman replled ln Lhe afflrmaLlve and sald 1he demon abducLed me whlle l was sleeplng Slnce
LhaL day he has kepL me here l am very afrald of LhaL demon 1he klng Lhen asked Lhe woman
abouL Lhe demons whereabouLs 1he woman polnLed Lowards Lhe dlrecLlon of Lhe demons paLh
1he klng wenL ln LhaL dlrecLlon
When Lhe demon saw Lhe klng approachlng hlm he bowed down ln reverence and sald C klng!
WhaL can l do for you? 1he klng asked Why have you abducLed Lhe wlfe of Lhls 8rahmln 1he
demon replled l am noL Lhe demon who devours human belngs l devour Lhelr flaws l have
many beauLlful wlves So where ls Lhe need of asplrlng for anoLher woman? AcLually Lhe
8rahmln ls a very learned man and has masLered Lhe manLras 8y chanLlng 8akshodna manLras
durlng oblaLlons he has lncreased my hunger by maklng lncanLaLlons 1herefore l have abducLed
hls wlfe Lo prevenL hlm from accompllshlng any ?agya
1he klng became very sad Pe LhoughL WhaL a grave sln l have commlLLed by abandonlng my
wlfe! Larller LhaL sage Loo dld noL flnd me flL for glvlng Ardhya now Lhls demon ls also aware
of Lhe lmporLance of ones wlfe ln rellglous ceremonles Pow cruel l have been Lo my wlfe 1he
demon Lold Lhe klng C klng! WhaL should l do for you? 1he klng replled uevour Lhe flaws of
Lhls woman so LhaL she becomes humble AfLer LhaL carry her back home 1he demon acLed as
per Lhe lnsLrucLlons of klng uLLam As a resulL Lhe 8rahmlns wlfe became very humble She
sald Lo Lhe klng lL seems Lhere ls no faulL of Lhls demon erhaps l musL have caused separaLlon
beLween a husband and wlfe ln my prevlous llfe and for LhaL very reason l was forced Lo suffer
Lhls separaLlon wlLh my husband ln Lhls presenL llfe 1he demon sald C klng! WhaL else do you
wanL from me? 1he klng sald ?ou musL be presenL before me whenever l remember you 1he
demon agreed Pe carrled Lhe 8rahmlns wlfe Lo her home
1PL SACL Anu klnC u11AM Anu 8l81P Cl
Au11AM MAnu
Markandeya says klng uLLam wondered as Lo whaL should he do Lo geL llberaLed from Lhe slns
of abandonlng hls wlfe Pe requesLed Lhe sage Lo help hlm ln Lhls regard 1he sage lnformed Lhe
klng LhaL hls wlfe was llvlng aL 8anaLal 1he klng of Lhe serpenLs kapoLak ls looklng afLer her
kapoLak has a daughLer named nanda 8elng concerned abouL her moLhers fuLure nanda had
hldden your wlfe 1he sage became very furlous and cursed her As a resulL she became dumb
uLLam your wlfe was always a chasLe woman lL was only due Lo evll lnfluences of Lhe planeLs
LhaL she was noL paylng adequaLe aLLenLlon Lo you now you should go and Lake her back Lo your
home uLLam reLurned back Lo hls palace
Markandeya says uLLam meL Lhe 8rahmln and Lold hlm LhaL now as he had reunlLed wlLh hls
wlfe lL was now hls Lurn Lo help hlm (klng) Lo reunlLe wlLh hls wlfe 1he 8rahmln assured
uLLam LhaL he would perform a ?agya named MlLravlnda whlch would help hlm Lo achleve hls
goal Pe requesLed uLLam Lo brlng hls wlfe so LhaL Lhe ?agya could be performed uLLam
remembered nlsachar a demon and requesLed hlm Lo brlng hls wlfe nlsachar wenL Lo aLal loka
and broughL hls wlfe 1he queen was very happy Lo see her husband once agaln She requesLed hlm Lo
cure nanda who had become dumb for no faulL of hers SaraswaL !apa was chanLed Lo
cure nanda When nanda regalned her volce she came Lo Lhe oblaLlon slLe and afLer embraclng
Lhe queen blessed her by saylng LhaL she would become a proud moLher of a very famous son
named Manu AfLer LhaL she wenL back Lo aLal loka ln due course of Llme Lhe queen gave blrLh
Lo a son who was named AuLLam by Lhe sages
Au11AM MAnvAn1A8
Markandeya says C sage! 1he followlng Canas who relgned durlng AuLLam ManavanLar are
very famous 1hey are Lhe flrsL Cana Swadhama 1he second Cana SaLya was relaLed wlLh Lhe
delLles 1he Lhlrd Cana was Shlva Lhe fourLh was named raLardan and Lhe flfLh Cana was
vashvarLl Lach of Lhe Canas are Lhe masLer of Lwelve delLles lndra by Lhe name of SushanLl
rules all Lhe Lhree worlds by Lhe vlrLue of accompllshlng one hundred Ashwamedha ?agyas Pe
along wlLh Shlva and SaLya eLc besLows peace Lo Lhe world 1he descendanLs of AuLLam ruled Lhe
whole earLh for Lhe full perlod of AuLLam ManavanLar 1he SapLarlshls durlng Lhls AuLLam
ManavanLar were Lhe sons of sage MahaLapa 1he descrlpLlon of Lhls Lhlrd ManavanLar ls now
compleLe now l am golng Lo Lell you abouL Lhe fourLh ManavanLar whlch ls also known as
1amas ManavanLar
1AMAS MAnvAn1A8
Markandeya says 1here used Lo llve a klng named SwarashLra 1he delLy Surya had blessed hlm
wlLh a long llfe 1he klng had one hundred wlves buL Lhey were noL as lucky as he was as far as
en[oylng a long llfe was concerned Cne by one all of Lhem dled A klng from Lhe nelghbourlng
sLaLe named vlmard defeaLed hlm ln a baLLle AfLer belng defeaLed SwarashLra wenL aL Lhe bank
of rlver vlLasLa and sLarLed dolng penance
Cne day lL ralned heavlly and Lhe klng was swepL by Lhe feroclous currenL 1he drownlng klng
saw a doe and held her Lall Lo save hls llfe 1he doe Lold Lhe klng LhaL she was aware abouL Lhe
lusL of Lhe klng She also Lold her LhaL her pregnancy was causlng hlndrance ln maklng love 1he
klng was amazed Pe asked as Lo how she could speak llke a human belng desplLe of belng an
anlmal 1he doe replled LhaL she was hls mosL beloved queen Mahlshl ln her prevlous llfe She
had kllled a palr of deer whlle Lhey were maklng love 1he doe had dled buL Lhe deer survlved
Pe had cursed her Lo become a doe ln her nexL llfe 1he deer also revealed Lo Lhe queen LhaL she
would glve blrLh Lo Lhe mlghLy Lola 1he same Lola would laLer on become famous as Manu
afLer defeaLlng hls faLhers enemles 1he klng was very pleased aL Lhls ln due course of Llme Lhe
doe gave blrLh Lo a son afLer whlch she wenL Lo Lhe heaven 1he sages named Lhe son 1amas
When 1amas became young he dld penance Lo please Surya Surya gave hlm many weapons by
Lhe help of whlch 1amas was able Lo defeaL all hls enemles Pe broughL all Lhe enemles ln fronL
of hls faLher buL SwarashLra forgave everybody Pe gave hls klngdom Lo 1amas
Markandeya says 1amas ruled over Lhe whole earLh lour Lypes of delLles were famous durlng
Lhls ManavanLar SaLya Cana Sudhl Cana Surup Cana and Parl Cana lndra was known as
Shlkhl durlng Lhls ManavanLar 1he names of Lhese SapLarlshls who llved durlng Lhls ManavanLar were
!yoLlrdharma rlLhu kavya ChalLra Agnl 8alak and eevar 1he sons of 1amas Manu
were very mlghLy 1helr names were nar kshanLl ShanL uanL !ahnu and !angha eLc
8AlvA1 MAnvAn1A8
Markandeya says now l am golng Lo Lell you abouL 8alvaL Manu Pls faLher was 8lLvak 8alvaL
was born ln 8evaLl nakshaLra LaLer on he became lnfamous for hls loose characLer Pls faLher
was very worrled abouL hlm 8lLvak asked sage Carg as Lo how such a mean chlld had been born
Lo hlm Sage Carg replled 1he negaLlve quallLles of your son ls due Lo hls blrLh ln 8evaLl
nakshaLra 8lLvak became very furlous wlLh 8evaLl nakshaLra and cursed lL as a resulL of whlch
8evaLl nakshaLra fell down on kumud MounLaln
All Lhe four dlrecLlons became lllumlnaLed and a reservolr was creaLed A glrl manlfesLed from
LhaL reservolr A sage named ramauchl broughL LhaL glrl Lo hls hermlLage and named her as
8evaLl When Lhe glrl became young Lhe sage was very worrled abouL her marrlage Cne day
PuLashan revealed Lo hlm LhaL she would geL marrled Lo uurgam Lhe eldesL son of Swayambhu
Manu Cne day uurgam arrlved aL ramauchls hermlLage Pe saw 8evaLl and asked her C
beauLlful lady! Can you Lell me where sage ramauchl ls? l have come here Lo pay my obelsance
Lo hlm AL LhaL Llme sage ramauchl was busy performlng hls ?agya Pearlng hls volce he came
ouL Seelng uurgam aL hls hermlLage he lnsLrucLed hls dlsclple CauLam Lo brlng Ardhya for hlm
1he sage sald uurgam ls noL only a klng buL also my sonlnlaw uurgam was very surprlsed aL
whaL sage ramauchl had sald Pe asked sage ramauchl as Lo how could he be hls sonlnlaw
and who was hls wlfe? 1he sage replled ?our wlfe ls none oLher Lhan Lhe glrl whom you meL
someLlme earller Per name ls 8evaLl 1hen Lhe sage narraLed Lhe whole sLory how sage Carg had
propheslsed abouL 8evaLls marrlage wlLh uurgam uurgam sLarLed conLemplaLlng on Lhls
pecullar slLuaLlon
Sage ramauchl sLarLed Lo make arrangemenLs for Lhe marrlage When 8evaLl saw Lhe
arrangemenLs belng made for her marrlage she requesLed hlm Lo geL her marrled ln 8evaLl
nakshaLra Sage ramauchl revealed Lo her LhaL Lhls parLlcular nakshaLra dld noL exlsL ln Lhe sky
any more 8evaLl Lhen requesLed hlm Lo esLabllsh Lhls nakshaLra ln Lhe sky Sage ramauchl
reesLabllshed 8evaLl nakshaLra ln Lhe sky by Lhe help of hls dlvlne powers 1hus 8evaLl and
uurgam goL marrled AfLer geLLlng marrled uurgam requesLed Lhe sage Lo bless hlm wlLh a
mlghLy son Sage ramauchl blessed hlm AfLer someLlme 8evaLl gave blrLh Lo 8alvaL Manu
8alvaL Manu was proflclenL ln all Lhe scrlpLures 1he chlef Canas of 8alvaL ManavanLar were
Sumedha 8hupaLl valkunLh and AmlLabhalchar 1here were fourLeen delLles presenL ln each of
Lhe Canas 1he presldlng delLy of Lhese delLles was lndra by Lhe name of vlbhu 1he SapLarlshls
presenL durlng Lhls ManavanLar were Plranyaroma vedSrl urdhvabahu vedbahu Sudhama
Mahamunl aryanya and vashlshLa 8alvaL Manu had four sons 8alabandhu Mahaveerya
SuyasLanya and SaLyak
CPAkSPuSP MAnvAn1A8
Chakshush had manlfesLed from Lhe eye (Chakshu) of Lord 8rahma ln hls prevlous blrLh lor Lhls reason
he was known as Chakshush Chakshush was born Lo AnmlLra and Clrlbhadra AfLer Laklng blrLh he was
abducLed by !aLharlnl and exchanged wlLh Lhe son of klng vlkranL who was sleeplng besldes hls moLher
8elng unaware of Lhls evenL vlkranL consldered hlm as hls own son and named hlm as Anand When
Anand grew up once hls Curu lnsLrucLed hlm Lo make saluLaLlons Lo hls moLher Anand replled 1o
whom should l make saluLaLlons? 1he one who has glven blrLh Lo me or Lo Lhe one who has broughL me
up and nurLured me? 1he Curu was surprlsed by hls reply Pe sald C son! Palmlnl Lhe wlfe of vlkranL
has glven blrLh Lo you and so she ls your moLher 8uL Anand replled back 1hls woman ls noL my
moLher
l have Laken blrLh from somebody elses womb 1hls woman ls Lhe moLher of ChalLra l am Lhe son of
AnmlLra and Clrlbhadra !aLharlnl had abducLed me and broughL me here She had also carrled ChalLra
Lo
unarvas place and kepL hlm over Lhere !aLharlnl had devoured Lhe son of unarva now Lell me who
ls
my moLher and Lo whom should l make saluLaLlons? 1he Curu became confused so were Lhe klng and
Lhe queen Anand wenL Lo Lhe foresL and sLarLed dolng penance ra[apaLl became pleased by hls
Lremendous penance and appeared before hlm Pe sald C son! WhaL makes you underLake such a
severe penance? Anand replled C lord! l am dolng Lhls penance wlLh Lhe purpose of becomlng free
from
all Lhe bondage of my karma and Lo purlfy myself 8rahma sald Cnly Lhe morLal men are flL Lo become
llberaLed because Lhey are bound by Lhelr karmas buL you belng a vlrLuous person are noL bound by
your
karmas WlLh my blesslngs you would become Lhe slxLh Manu 1here ls no need for you Lo do penance
Lord 8rahma named hlm as Chakshush LaLer on he became famous as Chakshush Manu When
Chakshush Manu aLLalned marrlageable age he marrled vldarbha Lhe daughLer of ugra Markandeya
says Apya was Lhe mosL promlnenL Cana of Chakshush ManavanLar Pe was Lhe masLer of elghL
delLles
1he second Cana was called rasooL Pe Loo was Lhe masLer of elghL delLles Slmllarly Lhere were Lwo
more Canas 8haLyakhya and uLhaga Lach of Lhem was Lhe masLer of elghL delLles 1he presldlng delLy
of Lhese delLles was lndra by Lhe name of Mano[av 1he SapLarlshls presenL durlng Lhls ManavanLar were
Sumedha vlra[a Pavlshman unnaL Madhu ALl and Sahlshnu Chakshush had many mlghLy sons llke
uru kuru ShaLadryumna eLc now l am golng Lo Lell you abouL Lhe sevenLh Manu who was called
valvasvaL
vAlvASvA1 MAnvAn1A8
1PL 8l81P Cl ASPWlnl kuMA8S Anu 8LvAn1
Markandeya says 1he Manu of valvasvaL ManavanLar was famously known as valvasvaL as he
was Lhe son of vlvasvan (Surya) Surya was marrled Lo Sangya Lhe daughLer of vlshwakarma
AlLhough she had borne Lwo sons (valvasvaL and ?ama) and a daughLer (?aml) from Surya yeL
Lhe radlance of Surya was Loo much for her Lo bear So one day she creaLed a shadow ldenLlLy of
herself and requesLed lL Lo acL as lf she was Lhe real Sangya She sald Lo Lhe shadow As long as
your ldenLlLy remalns unknown l would noL reveal myself
AfLer Lhls Sangya wenL back Lo her faLhers home and ulLlmaLely Lo uLLarkuru where she sLarLed
dolng penance ln Lhe gulse of a mare Surya on Lhe oLher hand was noL aware of Sangyas dolngs
ln due course of Llme Lhe shadow of Sangya gave blrLh Lo many chlldren 1hough she loved her
own chlldren she never had Lhe same aLLlLude Lowards Lhe Lhree sons of Sangya Seelng her
dlscrlmlnaLory aLLlLude ?ama Lrled Lo klck her wlLh hls leg 1he shadow of Sangya became
furlous She cursed ?amas leg Lo geL severed from hls body ?ama became very scared Pe wenL
Lo hls faLher Surya accompanled by valvasvaL and ?aml
Pe Lold Surya A moLher can never curse her own chlld So Lhls woman ls cerLalnly noL our
moLher because she has cursed me Surya called Lhe shadow of Sangya and asked abouL her Lrue
ldenLlLy buL Sangyas shadow kepL mum Seelng her quleL Surya became very angry and he held
her by her halr and was [usL abouL Lo curse her when ouL of fear she revealed Lhe whole sLory
Surya wenL Lo Lhe place of hls faLherlnlaw vlshwakarma and asked abouL Sangya
vlshwakarma felgned lgnorance Pe sald She dld come buL she had reLurned Lo your place afLer sLaylng
here for a whlle vlshwakarma knew Lhe reason why Sangya had abandoned her
husband So he subdued Lhe radlance of Surya
1PL SACLS Cl SAvA8nlk MAnvAn1A8
krausLukl says C revered sage! ?ou have already enllghLened me by reveallng Lhe names of
seven dlfferenL Manus of each ManavanLar ?ou have also Lold me abouL Lhe delLles Lhe klngs
and Lhe sages who exlsLed durlng each ManavanLar now l am curlous Lo know abouL Lhe seven
Manus Lhe delLles and Lhe sages of Lhls kalpa
Markandeya says Savarnl Lhe son of Sangyas shadow would be Lhe elghLh Manu 1he
SapLarlshls of Savarnl ManavanLar would be 8ama vyasa Calav ulpLlman krlp 8lshyaSrlng
and uraunl (AshwaLLhama) 1he Lhree maln caLegorles of delLles exlsLlng durlng Lhls ManavanLar
would be SuLapa AmlLabh and Mukhya Lach of Lhem ls Lhe masLer of 20 Canas Among Lhese
Lhe Canas rabhakar rabhas uaLhlLa uharma 1e[ah 8ashml and vakraLu come under Lhe
auLhorlLy of Lhe delLy SuLapa Slmllarly Lhe delLy AmlLabh ls Lhe masLer of Lhe Canas llke
rabhu vlbhu and vlbhas eLc 1he delLy Mukhya ls Lhe lord of Canas llke uama uanL 8lL
Soma and vlnL All of Lhem are Lhe offsprlng of sage kashyapa 1hey wlll become famous as Lhe
delLles of Savarnl ManavanLar 8all Lhe son of vlrochan would hold Lhe posL of lndra durlng Lhls
ManavanLar vlr[a Arvaveera nlrmoha SaLyavak krlLl and vlshnu wlll be Lhe sons of Savarnl
Manu
klLLlnC Cl MAuPu kAl1A8PA
Markandeya says klng SuraLh was Lhe descendanL of ChalLra Pe was defeaLed ln Lhe baLLle
agalnsL klng kolvldhvansl All hls wealLh was decelLfully Laken over by hls cunnlng mlnlsLers
klng SuraLh fled Lo Lhe foresL Lo save hls llfe where he meL a sage named Medha Pe sLayed wlLh
hlm aL hls hermlLage buL afLer a whlle Lhe LhoughL of hls losL klngdom began Lo LormenL hlm Cne
day whlle he was roamlng near Lhe hermlLage he meL a valshya named Samadhl Samadhl
narraLed hls woeful sLory as Lo how hls sons had drlven hlm ouL of hls home afLer Laklng all hls
wealLh 8uL lnsplLe of Lhls hls love for Lhem remalned lnLacL 8oLh SuraLh and Samadhl wenL Lo
sage Medha and Lold hlm LhaL lnsplLe of our mlserable condlLlon we are unable Lo undersLand
why we sLlll have affecLlon and love for our near and dear ones even Lhough Lhey have cheaLed
us Sage Medha replled C klng! uue Lo Lhe llluslons of Lhls world human belngs are deeply
lnfluenced by aLLachmenLs So Lhere ls noLhlng Lo be amazed Coddess Mahamaya lnfluences Lhe
mlnd of each human belng She does noL spare even Lhe mosL learned one When she becomes
pleased she besLows llberaLlon 1he klng asked Who ls Lhls Mahamaya? lease Lell us abouL
her
Sage Medha Lhen Lold Lhem abouL Mahamaya C klng! Coddess Mahamaya ls beyond Lhe reach
of orlgln and desLrucLlon When Lhe whole earLh was submerged ln waLer aL Lhe end of Lhe kalpa
Lord vlshnu Look refuge of ?oganldra Whlle Pe was sleeplng Lwo demons Madhu and
kalLabh manlfesLed from Lhe wax of hls ears 1he demons wanLed Lo aLLack 8rahma Lord
8rahma goL scared and soughL help from Coddess nldra She manlfesLed from Lhe body of Lord
vlshnu and appeared before Lord 8rahma Lord vlshnu woke up from hls sleep Pe saw LhaL Lhe demons
were Lrylng Lo klll Lord 8rahma Pe foughL wlLh boLh Lhe demons for 3000 years
Coddess Mahamaya lnfluenced Lhe demons mlnds as a resulL of whlch Lhey asked some boons
from Lord vlshnu Lord vlshnu granLed Lhe boons Lo Lhem and sald 8oLh of you wlll geL kllled
by me 1he demons sald We are ready Lo geL kllled on Lhe condlLlon LhaL you klll us only ln
such a place where Lhere ls no waLer As Lhe whole earLh was submerged ln waLer so Lhe demons
LhoughL LhaL Lord vlshnu would noL be able Lo geL a base Lo klll Lhem 8uL Lord vlshnu severed
Lhelr heads afLer maklng Lhem slL on Pls Lhlghs
1PL uLS18uC1lCn Cl MAPlSPASu8AS A8M?
Markandeya says uurlng anclenL Llmes Lhe delLles and Lhe demons foughL a flerce baLLle whlch
lasLed for a hundred years 1he delLles were defeaLed ln Lhls baLLle Mahlshasura drove ouL Lhe
delLles from heaven and ascended Lhe Lhrone of lndra 1he defeaLed delLles wenL Lo seek Lhe help
of Lord 8rahma vlshnu and Mahadeva 1hey narraLed Lhelr woeful Lale Lo all Lhe Lhree delLles
8rahma vlshnu and Mahadeva became furlous aL Lhe demons cruelLy A powerful effulgence
appeared from Lhe mouLh of 8rahma vlshnu and Mahadeva Slmllar effulgence appeared from
Lhe bodles of all Lhe delLles 1he super effulgence was creaLed from Lhe unlson of all Lhese
effulgence and a Coddess manlfesLed from lL 1he delLles were very pleased All Lhe delLles
presenLed Lhelr weapons Lo Lhe Coddess AfLer Lhls Lhey halled her name ln a loud volce by
chanLlng vlcLory be Lo her 1he Coddess laughed loudly Per laughLer shook Lhe whole earLh
vlolenLly
When Mahlshasura heard her laughLer he proceeded Lowards her accompanled by a huge army
When he reached Lhere he was amazed aL Lhe appearance of Lhe goddess Pe aLLacked her wlLh
hls army whlch boasLed of mlghLy warrlors llke Chamar Chlkshur udagra Asllom Mahahanu
vashkal arlvarlL vldal and kal 1hese demons had dangerous weapons llke 1omar ShakLl
axe mace eLc Cne by one Lhe Coddess desLroyed all Lhe demons weapons and launched an
aLLack on Lhem 1he deep exhalaLlons made durlng Lhe baLLle resulLed lnLo Lhe creaLlon of
numerous Canas 1hese Canas [olned Lhe Coddess ln Lhe baLLle ulLlmaLely Lhe Coddess
succeeded ln kllllng all Lhe demons
1he baLLlefleld was covered by demons corpses as well as carcasses of elephanLs and horses 1he
delLles were pleased by Lhe ouLcome of Lhls baLLle
1PL uLl1lLS LuLCClSL CCuuLSS 8PACvA1l
Markandeya says AfLer Lhe kllllng of Mahlshasura all Lhe delLles lncludlng lndra euloglsed
Coddess 8hagvaLl and sald We make saluLaLlons Lo her who has manlfesLed herself as a resulL
of Lhe unlson of Lhe powers of all Lhe delLles one who ls revered by all Lhe delLles and Lhe sages
May she bless us We make saluLaLlons Lo LhaL Coddess whose powers are lndescrlbable even by
Lord 8rahma vlshnu and Mahesh C goddess! lease nurLure Lhe whole world wlLh your love
and care We flnd ourselves lncapable of descrlblng your grandeur and magnlflcence
Coddess 8hagvaLl became very pleased wlLh Lhelr devoLlon and asked Lhem Lo demand any boon
8uL Lhe delLles replled C goddess! 8y kllllng Mahlshasura you have already fulfllled our asplraLlons lf
you really wanL Lo bless us Lhen please appear before us aL Lhe Llme of our need
1he goddess blessed Lhem by saylng So be lL
Markandeya says now l am golng Lo Lell you how Coddess 8hagvaLl proLecLed Lhe delLles by
kllllng Lhe demons Shumbh and nlshumbh
CCuuLSS A8vA1l Anu SPuM8PS MLSSLnCL8
Markandeya says uurlng anclenL Llmes Lhe demons Shumbh and nlshumbh had capLured all
Lhe Lhree worlds afLer defeaLlng Lhe delLles 1he delLles wenL Lo Coddess arvaLl and euloglsed
her by saylng C goddess! ?ou had promlsed us LhaL you would come Lo our help aL Lhe Llme of
our need 1he Llme has arrlved
As Lhe delLles were busy euloglslng Coddess arvaLl she was preparlng Lo go for her baLh She
came near Lhe delLles and asked Lhem as Lo who were Lhey euloglslng Suddenly a dlvlne enLlLy
manlfesLed from her body and answered on behalf of Lhe delLles 1hese delLles are euloglslng
me 1hls dlvlne enLlLy was none oLher Lhan Coddess Shlva As Shlva had manlfesLed from Lhe
cell (koshlka) of arvaLls body she was also known as kaushlkl kaushlkl possessed dlvlne
beauLy 1he demons Chand and Mund happened Lo see her
8oLh of Lhem wenL Lo Shumbh and descrlbed Lo hlm abouL kaushlkls beauLy Shumbh wanLed Lo
marry her Pe senL a messenger named Sugreev Lo kaushlkl Lo lnform her abouL hls lnLenLlons
Sugreev wenL Lo kaushlkl and sald ?ou are so beauLlful ?ou are flL Lo marry a mlghLy demon
klng llke Shumbh who rules over all Lhe Lhree worlds
1he goddess laughed and sald C messenger! l am ready Lo marry Shumbh or nlshumbh because
l know Lhey are very powerful buL Lhere ls one problem As l have Laken a vow LhaL l would
marry only such a person who defeaLs me ln a baLLle 1he messenger replled C beauLlful lady!
Pow can you flghL Lhe mlghLy Shumbh who has defeaLed even Lhe delLles and who ls Lhe masLer
of all Lhe Lhree worlds? Sugreev made perslsLenL requesLs buL Lhe goddess refused Lo go along
wlLh hlm She lnsLrucLed hlm Lo lnform Shumbh and nlshumbh abouL her vow
klLLlnC Cl uPuM8ALCCPAn
Markandeya says Sugreev wenL back Lo Shumbh and narraLed Lhe whole sLory Shumbh became
very furlous and lnsLrucLed uhumralochan Lo brlng her by force uhumralochan wenL Lo Coddess
8hagvaLl accompanled by 60000 demons lnlLlally he requesLed her Lo come along wlLh hlm Pe
also LhreaLened Lo Lake her forclbly lf she dld noL accepL her proposal Coddess 8hagvaLl refused
Lo go along wlLh hlm uhumralochan angrlly ran Lowards her 1he Coddess made a loud roar as a
resulL of whlch uhumralochans body was reduced Lo ashes AfLer hls deaLh uhumralochans
army aLLacked Coddess 8hagvaLl 1he mounL of Lhe Coddess Slmha kllled all Lhe demons When
Shumbh goL Lhe news of uhumralochans deaLh hls anger knew no bounds Pe lnsLrucLed Chand
and Mund Lo go and brlng Coddess 8hagvaLl afLer capLurlng her
klLLlnC Cl CPAnu Anu MunuChand and Mund proceeded wlLh a huge army AL LhaL Llme Coddess
8hagvaLl had poslLloned
herself aL Lhe peak of Plmachal MounLaln She was mounLed on Lhe back of Slmha and was
smlllng sweeLly Chand and Mund Lrled Lo enslave her buL suddenly Coddess kall appeared from
her mouLh and feroclously aLLacked Lhe demons She devoured some of Lhem and kllled Lhe resL
AfLer seelng hls huge army vanqulshed Chand angrlly ran Lowards Coddess kall Mund aLLacked
her wlLh a range of arrows whlch lnfurlaLed Coddess kall and she pulled Chand by hls halr and
severed hls head by a sword Seelng hlm fall Lo Lhe ground Mund ran Lowards Coddess kall buL
even he was kllled 1he resL of Lhe army reLreaLed AfLer kllllng Chand and Mund Coddess kall
Lold Coddess 8hagvaLl l have done my duLy l have kllled Chand and Mund now you should
do Lhe same by kllllng Shumbh and nlshumbh Coddess 8hagvaLl replled Slnce you have kllled
Lhe demons Chand and Mund from now onwards you wlll also become famous as Chandlka
klLLlnC Cl 8Ak1A8LL!
Markandeya says When Shumbh goL Lhe news of Chand and Mund s deaLh he became very
furlous Pe proceeded Lo flghL Coddess 8hagvaLl accompanled by numerous mlghLy warrlors llke
udayudh kambu koLlveerya uhumravanasha[aL kalak kalkeya eLc When Coddess Chandlka
saw Lhem comlng she made a loud sound by pulllng Lhe bowsLrlng 1he demons came near and
surrounded Coddess Chandlka and Coddess 8hagvaLl from all Lhe sldes Lord 8rahma Lord
Shlva and Lord vlshnu became anxlous 1hey creaLed dlvlne enLlLles wlLh Lhe help of effulgence
emanaLlng from Lhelr bodles 1hese dlvlne enLlLles resembled Coddess Chandlka 1hey lnsLrucLed
Lhese dlvlne enLlLles Lo klll all Lhe demons Coddess Chandlka requesLed Lord Shlva Lo approach
Shumbh and nlshumbh as her messenger and lnform hlm LhaL Lhey should elLher Lake refuge ln
Lhe aLal loka or be ready Lo dle Lord Mahadeva wenL Lo Lhe place where kaLyayanl was flghLlng
Lhe demons 1he demons aLLacked her wlLh dlfferenL weapons buL Chandlka gave Lhem a beflLLlng
reply unable Lo face Lhe assaulL of Lhe goddesses Lhe demons sLarLed fleelng Seelng Lhls
8akLabee[ came forward Lo flghL 8akLabee[ was blessed wlLh a boon LhaL was lf a slngle drop of
hls blood fell on Lhe ground Lhls drop would creaLe anoLher form of hls 1hls way ln a very shorL
Llme Lhousands of 8akLabee[as covered Lhe baLLlefleld 1he delLles became afrald
Seelng Lhe frlghLened delLles 8hagvaLl sald Lo kall C Chamunda! Cpen your mouLh and drlnk
each drop of blood comlng ouL from Lhe ln[urles of 8akLabee[ AfLer saylng Lhls Coddess
8hagvaLl aLLacked 8akLabee[ wlLh her LrldenL Coddess kall drank all Lhe blood comlng ouL from
hls wound AL lasL 8akLabee[ was kllled 1he delLles were pleased Coddess kall sLarLed Lo dance
wlLh feroclLy due Lo Lhe lnLoxlcaLlon caused by drlnklng of Lhe blood
klLLlnC Cl nlSPuM8P
Markandeya says When Shumbh and nlshumbh heard abouL 8akLabee[s deaLh Lhey were
lnfurlaLed nlshumbh aLLacked Lhe goddess wlLh a huge army Shumbh aLLacked from Lhe oLher
slde ln Lhe flerce baLLle Coddess 8hagvaLl broke Lhe sword as well as Lhe shleld of nlshumbh
nlshumbh Lhen aLLacked Coddess 8hagvaLl wlLh hls weapon ShakLl Coddess 8hagvaLl broke lL
wlLh her Chakra AL lasL she aLLacked hlm wlLh her arrows aL hlm and as a resulL nlshumbh goL
ln[ured and fell When Shumbh saw nlshumbh ln[ured and unconsclous he ran Lowards Coddess
8hagvaLl Lo klll
her Coddess 8hagvaLl blew her conch and made a Lhunderous nolse by pulllng Lhe bowsLrlng
Shumbh released Lhe dangerous weapon ugradlpLl ln Lhe dlrecLlon of Coddess 8hagvaLl 8uL her
weapon Maholkanamnl desLroyed lL Shumbh Lhundered loudly and aLLacked Coddess 8hagvaLl
wlLh a volley of arrows buL none could cause any harm Lo her llnally Coddess 8hagvaLl
aLLacked Shumbh wlLh her LrldenL Shumbh fell down unconsclous AfLer someLlme he regalned
hls consclousness and aLLacked Coddess 8hagvaLl wlLh hls arrows 8uL she desLroyed all Lhe
arrows ln Lhe meanLlme nlshumbh had regalned hls consclousness Pe goL up and aLLacked
Coddess 8hagvaLl wlLh hls LrldenL ln Lhe end Coddess 8hagvaLl kllled nlshumbh by plerclng
her LrldenL ln hls hearL As nlshumbh was dylng an anoLher demon manlfesLed from hls body
Lven he was kllled by her Per mounL Slmha devoured all Lhe dead demons
klLLlnC Cl SPuM8P
Markandeya says Shumbh became angry aL Lhe deaLh of hls broLher nlshumbh Pe furlously
Lold Lhe goddess C wlcked lady! uo noL be proud of your sLrengLh borrowed from oLhers
Coddess 8hagvaLl replled C wlcked demon! l am Lhe only power of Lhls whole unlverse l am
Lhe orlgln of cause and effecL Look! All Lhe dlvlnlLles are enLerlng lnLo my body
1he nexL momenL all Lhe dlvlne enLlLles whlch had earller manlfesLed from Lhe bodles of Lhe
delLles unlLed wlLh Lhe goddess now Lhe goddess was alone A Lremendous baLLle was foughL
beLween Coddess 8hagvaLl and Shumbh Amblka aLLacked hlm wlLh numerous dlvlne weapons
8uL Shumbh neuLrallsed her aLLack wlLh hls own weapons
Shumbh covered Lhe whole body of Coddess 8hagvaLl wlLh hls arrows She broke hls bow AfLer
Lhls Shumbh aLLacked her wlLh hls weapon named ShakLl whlch was broken lnLo pleces by her
Chakra now Shumbh Look ouL hls sword and aLLacked her wlLh lL She broke hls shleld and
sword wlLh her arrows Shumbh Lhen aLLacked her wlLh hls mace Lven hls mace was broken lnLo
pleces
Shumbh had no more weapons lefL wlLh hlm Pe aLLacked Lhe goddess on her breasL wlLh hls
clenched flsL She slapped hlm on hls face because of whlch he fell down 1he nexL momenL he
goL up and manlfesLed hlmself ln Lhe sky now a Lremendous duel was foughL beLween Lhem ln
Lhe sky
ln Lhe end she dashed hlm on Lhe ground and plerced Lhe LrldenL ln hls hearL Shumbh was
lnsLanLly kllled AfLer Lhe kllllng of Shumbh all Lhe delLles became pleased 1he Candharvas and
Lhe delLles re[olced 1he Apsaras danced 1he whole aLmosphere echoed wlLh Lhe sound ShanLl
ShanLl (LeL Lhere be peace)
uLvl S1C18A
Markandeya says AfLer goddess 8hagvaLl had kllled Shumbh all Lhe delLles under Lhe leadershlp
of lndra and Agnl sLarLed euloglslng her C Coddess! 8e pleased up on us! roLecL Lhe whole
world as you are Lhe goddess of Lhls whole unlverse ?ou appear ln Lhe form of Lhls earLh Lhe base on
whlch everyLhlng ls slLuaLed ?our llghL lllumlnaLes all Lhe llvlng creaLures ?ou are Lhe
only power Lhrough whlch creaLlon nurLurlng and annlhllaLlon Lakes place ?ou are Lhe
8rahmanl Maheshwarl and Lhe kaumarl We saluLe you because you have proLecLed us from Lhe
Lerror of Lhe demons We need your proLecLlon from all Lhe calamlLles of Lhls world
Coddess 8hagvaLl was exLremely pleased by Lhelr eulogy She asked Lhem for any wlsh 1he
delLles sald C Akhlleshwarl! We need your proLecLlon Clear all Lhe obsLacles from our paLh
LllmlnaLe our enemles
Coddess 8hagvaLl replled uurlng valvasvaL ManavanLar l wlll Lake lncarnaLlon from
?ashodas womb Lhe wlfe of nand Lo klll Lhe demons Shumbh and nlshumbh AfLer LhaL l wlll
klll Lhe demon valprachlL ln my mosL aggresslve form Cne hundred years laLer l wlll manlfesL
myself and would be known as SaLakshl because of my hundred eyes My nexL lncarnaLlon would
be known as Shakambharl because l would nurLure Lhe whole world durlng Lhe perlod of droughL
l wlll klll Lhe demon uurgam durlng LhaL droughL perlod l wlll klll Lhe demon Arun Lhe
LormenLor of all Lhe Lhree worlds by appearlng ln Lhe form of a bee uue Lo Lhls l wlll be known
as 8hramarl l wlll Lake lncarnaLlons every Llme Lhe demons LormenL Lhe world
CCuuLSS 8PACvA1l 8LLSSLS 1PL uLl1lLS
Coddess 8hagvaLl says l wlll clear all Lhe obsLacles from Lhe paLh of such a man who worshlps
me A devoLee who llsLens Lo Lhe greaL Lales of how l kllled Mahlshasura Shumbh and
nlshumbh on Lhe elghLh nlnLh and fourLeenLh days of any monLh would be llberaLed from all
slns and poverLy Pe would become free from fear A devoLee musL llsLen Lo my dlvlne Lales
durlng all Lhe rellglous ceremonles llke maklng sacrlflce worshlp and performlng ?agya 8y
dolng Lhls all hls enemles wlll be ellmlnaLed A man who remembers me when faced wlLh
dangerous slLuaLlon remalns proLecLed by me
AfLer blesslng Lhe delLles Coddess 8hagvaLl dlsappeared from Lhelr slghL All Lhe demons whlch
had survlved afLer Lhe kllllngs of Shumbh and nlshumbh wenL Lo Lhe neLher world Lo save Lhelr
llves
CCuuLSS 8PACvA1l 8LLSSLS Su8A1P Anu 1PL
vAlSP?A
1he sage says C klng! l have descrlbed ln deLall abouL Lhe greaLness of Coddess 8hagvaLl who
ls Lhe creaLor of Lhls unlverse She ls Lhe one who besLows Lhe knowledge of self Lo us She ls Lhe
Maya (llluslon) by whom Lhe whole world ls lnfluenced ?ou musL Lake her refuge ?ou can
achleve all Lhe pleasures of Lhls world heaven as well as llberaLlon klng SuraLh and Lhe
valshya wenL Lo do Lhelr penance Whlle dolng Lhelr penance Lhey chanLed Lhe manLras of uevl
SukLa 1hey made an earLhen ldol of 8hagvaLl and worshlpped lL by offerlng flowers uhup eLc
1hey dld an ausLere penance for Lhree years lmplylng varlous modes of worshlp SomeLlmes
Lhey observed fasL Lhe oLher Llme Lhey offered Lhelr own blood Lo please Coddess 8hagvaLl AL
lasL Lhe goddess was pleased and appeared before Lhem She sald l am pleased wlLh boLh of
you l wlll fulfll whaLever you wlsh klng SuraLh soughL her blesslngs ln regalnlng hls klngdom from Lhe
cluLches of hls enemles Pe also requesLed her Lo bless hlm wlLh an undlvlded klngdom
ln hls nexL llfe 1he valshya requesLed her Lo make hlm free from all klnds of aLLachmenLs
Coddess 8hagvaLl sald C klng! very soon you wlll be able Lo regaln your whole klngdom from
your enemles ln your nexL blrLh you would be born as Savarnl Manu Lhe son of Surya ?ou wlll
also aLLaln selfknowledge and become free from all klnds of aLLachmenLs AfLer blesslng boLh of
Lhem Coddess 8hagvaLl dlsappeared
SAvA8n MAnvAn1A8
Markandeya says C greaL sage! now l am golng Lo Lell you abouL Lhe ManavanLar of Savarn
whlch wlll be Lhe nlnLh ManavanLar Savarn was Lhe son of uaksha uurlng Lhls ManavanLar
Lhere wlll be Lhree promlnenL groups of delLles Lach group would comprlse of Lwelve delLles
uurlng Lhls ManavanLar lndra would be known as AdbhuL 1he names of Lhe SapLarlshls of Lhls
ManavanLar would be MedhaLlLhl vasu SaLya !yoLlshman uyuLlman Sabal and PaLyavahan
Savarn wlll have elghL sons uhrlshLkeLu 8arhakeLu anchahasLa nlramay rlLhushravah
Achlshman 8hurldruymna and 8hrlhadmay
1he LenLh ManavanLar wlll be named afLer Lhe LenLh ManaspuLra of Lord 8rahma uurlng Lhls
ManavanLar Lhe names of Lwo promlnenL groups of delLles wlll be Sukhasln and nlruddha 1he
LoLal populaLlon durlng Lhls ManavanLar wlll be hundred people 1he LoLal number of delLles
durlng Lhls ManavanLar wlll also be of Lhe same number 1he name of lndra durlng Lhls LenLh
ManavanLar would be ShanLl and Lhe names of Lhe SapLarlshls durlng Lhls LenLh ManavanLar
would be ApomurLl Pavlshman SukrlL SaLya nabhag ApraLlm and vashlshLa 1he LenLh Manu
would have Len sons SuksheLra uLLamo[a 8hurlshen veeryavan ShaLanlk vrlshabh AnmlLra
!ayadraLh 8hurldruymna and Suparva
1he elevenLh ManavanLar wlll be named afLer Savarn Lhe son of uharma uurlng Lhls
ManavanLar Lhere wlll be Lhree promlnenL groups of delLles vlhangam kamag and nlrmanpaLl
Lach group would comprlse of 30 delLles lndra would be known by Lhe name of vrlshakhya
1he name of Lhe SapLarlshls of Lhls ManavanLar would be Pavlshman varlshLha nlschar
Anagh vlshLl Agnldev eLc 1he elevenLh Manu would have slx sons SarvaLrag Susharma
uevaneek urudwaha Pemdhanva and uhrldhayu
1he LwelfLh ManavanLar wlll be named afLer Savarn Lhe son of 8udra 1he names of Lhe flve
promlnenL groups of delLles of Lhls ManavanLar wlll be Sudharma Sumana ParlL 8ohlL and
Suvarn Lach group wlll comprlse of Len delLles uurlng Lhls ManavanLar lndra would be known
by Lhe name of kraLadhama 1he names of Lhe SapLarlshls durlng Lhls ManavanLar would be
uyuLl 1apasvl SuLava 1apomurLl 1aponldhl 1aporaLl and 1apodhlLl 1he Manu of Lhls
ManavanLar would have slx sons uevavan upadev uevashresLha vlduraLh MlLravan and
MlLravlnda
8auchya would be Lhe Manu durlng Lhe LhlrLeen ManavanLar 1hree promlnenL groups of delLles
would be Sudharma Sukarma and Susharma uurlng Lhls ManavanLar lndra would be known by
Lhe name of ulvaspaLl 1he name of Lhe SapLarlshls of Lhls ManavanLar wlll be uhrlLlman
Avyay 1aLvadarshl nlruLsuk nlrmoha SuLapa and nlshkamp uurlng Lhls ManavanLar Manu would
have elghL sons ChlLrasen vlchlLra nlyaLl nlrbhay uhrldh SuneLra kshaLrabuddhl and
SuvraL
8AuCP?A MAnvAn1A8
8uCPl AuvlSLu 1C CL1 MA88lLu
Markandeya says As soon as Lhe ancesLors deparLed a beauLlful Apsara came near 8uchl Per
name was ramalocha She sald Lo hlm C greaL sage! l have a daughLer named Mallnl 1he
name of my husband ls ushkar l wanL Lo geL her beLroLhed Lo you lease accepL her as your
wlfe ln course of Llme she would glve blrLh Lo Manu
8uchl accepLed her proposal 8uchl marrled Mallnl ln Lhe presence of sages ln course of Llme
Mallnl gave blrLh Lo a son who was named 8auchya 8auchya ManavanLar was named afLer hlm
Markandeya says uurlng anclenL Llmes Lhe ancesLors of 8uchl were noL pleased by hls
unmarrled sLaLus Pe was a sage of hlgh degree and used Lo have food once a day 1he ancesLors
asked hlm C son! Why dldnL you geL marrled? CrlhasLha ashrama holds a very lmporLanL place
ln Lhe llfe of a man lL ls only afLer paylng hls Lhree debLs (rlna) LhaL a man ls enLlLled Lo become a
householder All your efforLs ln paylng off your debLs Lowards Lhe delLles and ancesLors are
useless unless you are marrled ?our asplraLlons of aLLalnlng Lhe supreme abode would go ln valn
unless you have become a faLher
8uchl replled CeLLlng marrled ls Lhe rooL cause of all sorrows lL also obsLrucLs Lhe upward
splrlLual movemenL of a man 1haL ls why l am noL havlng any lnLeresL ln geLLlng marrled
Pavlng self conLrol helps a man Lo aLLaln salvaLlon
1he ancesLors sald 1he paLh you have chosen would never lead you Lowards salvaLlon A man
reaps Lhe frulLs of hls karmas commlLLed ln hls prevlous llves ln Lhe form of happlness and
sorrow An lnLelllgenL man musL acL ln such a manner LhaL hls soul remalns aloof from hls
karmas
8uchl replled 1he paLh of acLlons (karma) has been descrlbed as an Avldya ln Lhe vedas Why
are you pushlng me Lowards LhaL paLh? 1he ancesLors replled lL ls Lrue whaL you have sald 8uL
aL Lhe same Llme lL can be proved wrong by ones karmas because karmas are Lhe means by
whlch a man aLLalns selfknowledge ?our bellef LhaL your acLlons are purlfylng your soul ls
based on false noLlons AcLually by noL dolng your karma you are only LorLurlng your soul
karma ls very beneflclal for a mans upllfLmenL So you musL geL marrled Lo en[oy a bllssful llfe
8uchl replled C greaL ancesLors! Who wlll glve hls daughLer Lo a poor and an old man llke me?
1he ancesLors warned 8uchl LhaL lf he wenL agalnsL Lhelr wlshes he would face degradaLlon ln
every sphere of hls llfe AfLer saylng Lhls Lhe ancesLors dlsappeared
8uCPl LuLCClSLS PlS AnCLS1C8S WPC 8LLSS
PlMMarkandeya says AfLer Lhe deparLure of hls ancesLors 8uchl sLarLed wanderlng here and Lhere
ln hls resLlessness AfLer someLlme when he regalned hls composure he declded Lo do penance
Lo please Lord 8rahma Pls penance conLlnued for one hundred years AfLer Lhe accompllshmenL
of hls penance Lord 8rahma appeared before hlm and asked whaL he deslred 8uchl expressed
hls deslre of geLLlng marrled as per Lhe asplraLlons of hls ancesLors Lord 8rahma blessed hlm and
also lnsLrucLed 8uchl Lo euloglse hls ancesLors so LhaL hls wlshes could be fulfllled
8uchl euloglsed hls ancesLors by chanLlng SLoLras l make saluLaLlons Lo my ancesLors who
preslde over Lhe ceremony of Shradha who are paclfled even by Lhe delLles by Lhe chanLlng of
Swaha made durlng Lhe ceremony of Shradha l make saluLaLlons Lo my ancesLors who dwell ln
Lhe space and ln Lhe heaven May my ancesLors accepL Lhe offerlngs whlch l am maklng ln Lhe
form of flowers cereals waLer uhup eLc
Markandeya says Pardly had 8uchl accompllshed hls eulogy of Lhe ancesLors a very brlghL
effulgence appeared ln fronL of hlm who were ln facL hls ancesLors 1hey sald uemand any
boon 8uchl replled Lord 8rahma has lnsLrucLed me Lo enhance Lhe process of creaLlon So l
need a wlfe for LhaL purpose 1he ancesLors sald Pere aL Lhls very place you wlll flnd a very
beauLlful wlfe She would glve blrLh Lo 8auchya ?ou Loo would become very famous as
ra[apaLl because of your numerous sons and you wlll aLLaln salvaLlon ln Lhe end AfLer blesslng
8uchl Lhe ancesLors deparLed for heaven
1PL 8LClnnlnC Cl 8PAu1?A MAnvAn1A8
Markandeya says now l am golng Lo Lell you abouL Lhe orlgln of 8hauLya ManavanLar Sage
Anglra had a dlsclple named 8huLl Pe was shorL Lempered ln naLure and used Lo curse anybody
aL Lhe earllesL opporLunlLy Lverybody lncludlng Lhe delLles llke lndra vayu Surya eLc were
scared of hlm nobody wenL agalnsL hls wlshes and followed hls commands
8huLl had no chlldren and commenced a rlgorous penance Lo achleve one 8uL sLlll hls asplraLlon
remalned unfulfllled Pe declded Lo qulL dolng penance Pls broLher named Suvarcha lnvlLed hlm
Lo Lhe ?agya he was performlng 8huLl lefL Lhe hermlLage afLer enLrusLlng hls dlsclple ShanLl Lo
look afLer lLs affalrs
ShanLl Lrled hls besL Lo perform hls duLles accordlng Lo Lhe lnsLrucLlons of hls Leacher 8huLl ?eL
one day Lhe sacrlflclal flre goL exLlngulshed somehow ShanLl became scared aL Lhe prospecL of
faclng hls precepLors wraLh Pe was cerLaln of belng cursed by 8huLl llndlng no oLher opLlon
he wenL Lo Agnl named !aLlveda and soughL hls help Pe Lrled Lo please hlm by chanLlng Agnl
SLoLra Pe euloglsed Agnl ln many ways Pe sald C Agnl! 1he flrsL of all creaLlons l need your
blesslngs WlLhouL you Lhe ?agya cannoL be performed All Lhe vedas are full of pralse for you
1he delLles as well as Lhe demons Lry Lo paclfy you by maklng offerlngs Lo you
1he delLy Agnl became exLremely pleased by ShanLls eulogy and appeared before hlm Pe asked
ShanLl Lo express hls deslre ShanLl requesLed Agnl Lo relgnlLe Lhe sacrlflclal flre whlch had
gone off so LhaL he does noL have Lo face Lhe wraLh of hls Curu Pe Lhen requesLed Agnl Lo bless
hls Curu wlLh a son havlng all Lhe good quallLles Agnl was very much pleased by ShanLls devoLlon
Lowards hls Curu Pe sald ?our Curu 8huLl would have a son named 8hauLya afLer
whom Lhe ManavanLar would be named AfLer blesslng hlm Agnl dlsappeared
ShanLl reLurned Lo hls hermlLage and was very pleased Lo see Lhe sacrlflclal flre burnlng ln Lhe
meanLlme hls Curu 8huLl arrlved Pls Curu was very pleased wlLh Lhe slncerlLy of ShanLl wlLh
whlch he performed hls duLles ln hls absence 8huLl sald C son! l donL undersLand Lhe reason
why my hearL ls overwhelmed wlLh love Love ls allen Lo my naLure lf you are cognlsanL of Lhe
reason please Lell me 1hen ShanLl narraLed Lhe whole sLory 8huLl was very pleased by hls
devoLlon Pe LaughL all Lhe vedas Lo ShanLl
ln course of Llme 8hauLya was born Lo hlm Pe was Lhe Manu of Lhe 8hauLya ManavanLar
uurlng Lhls ManavanLar Lhere would be flve promlnenL groups of delLles Chakshush kanlshLh
avlLra 8hra[lr and uharavrlL uurlng Lhls ManavanLar lndra would be known as Shuchl 1he
names of Lhe SapLarlshls would be Agnlgh Agnlbahu Suchl MukL Madhav Shukra and A[lL
8hauLya Manu would have Len sons Cuh Cambhlr 8rahna 8haraLa Anugraha Srlmanl
raLeer vlshnu Sankraman and Subal A man who llsLens Lo Lhe Lales of all Lhe fourLeen
ManvanLaras ls noL only blessed buL becomes llberaLed from all hls slns
8l81P Cl MA81AnuAuLv
Lord 8rahma had creaLed uaksha from Lhe Lhumb of hls rlghL hand uakshas wlfe was creaLed
from Lhe Lhumb of 8rahmas lefL hand uaksha had a daughLer named AdlLl MarLandadev was Lhe
son of AdlLl and hls faLher was kashyapa
krausLukl asked C lord! Why dld vlvasvan Surya Look blrLh as Lhe son of kashyapa
Markandeya says uurlng Lhe lnlLlal phase of creaLlon when noLhlng exlsLed excepL a large egg
Lord 8rahma manlfesLed lnslde LhaL egg SubsequenLly he came ouL from LhaL egg AL LhaL Llme
a loud sound of CM came ouL from hls mouLh lrom Lhls sound of Cmkar were creaLed 8hur
8huvah and ln Lhe end Swah 1hese Lhree mysLlc words are Lhe forms of Surya AfLer LhaL Lhree
more mysLlc words were creaLed Mahah !an and 1apah each of Lhe former word belng grosser
Lhan Lhe laLLer one ln Lhe end Lhe word SaLya was creaLed whlch was Lhe grossesL of all 1hese
seven mysLlc words relaLed wlLh Lhe Cmkar lllusLraLe Lhe gross and Lhe subLle forms of vlvasvan
MAnllLS1A1lCn Cl 1PL Sun CCu Aul1?A Anu 1PL
vLuAS
Markandeya says AfLer 8rahma came ouL from LhaL egg 8lgveda manlfesLed from hls flrsL
mouLh lrom Lhe mouLh faclng souLh manlfesLed Lhe ?a[urveda AfLer LhaL Samaveda
manlfesLed from hls mouLh faclng wesL ln Lhe end ALharvaveda came ouL from Lhe mouLh faclng
norLh 1he 8lgveda symbollses Lhe 8a[o Cuna whlle Lhe ?a[urveda symbollses Lhe SaLva Cuna
Samaveda comprlses of 1amo Cuna whereas ALharvaveda ls Lhe mlxLure of SaLva and 1amo
Cuna 1he manlfesLaLlon of Lhe vedas had lllumlnaLed Lhe whole aLmosphere 8uL Lhe
manlfesLaLlon of Cmkar overlapped Lhelr radlance and covered all Lhe vedas AL lasL Lhe
radlance of Lhe vedas goL unlLed wlLh LhaL of Lhe Cmkar 1he 8lgveda symbollses Lhe form of 8rahma
durlng Lhe perlod of creaLlon whlle ?a[urveda symbollses Lord vlshnu durlng Lhe whole
perlod of nurLurlng Samaveda ls symbollcal of 8udra aL Lhe Llme of annlhllaLlon
Markandeya says ln Lhe beglnnlng of Lhe creaLlon Surya shed unbearable amounL of heaL 1hls
made Lhe process of creaLlon very dlfflculL Lord 8rahma became worrled Pe LhoughL uue Lo
Lhe exLreme heaL of Lhe Sun all Lhe waLer on Lhls earLh ls geLLlng evaporaLed lf Lhls conLlnues Lo
happen Lhen how would Lhe creaLures survlve?
Lord 8rahma euloglsed Surya Lo please hlm Pe sald l make saluLaLlons Lo Surya who ls Lhe
ob[ecL of conLemplaLlon of greaL sages who ls Lhe source of all energy C Surya! lL ls only
because of you LhaL l can creaLe nurLure and annlhllaLe ?ou are Lhe proLecLor of Lhls unlverse
creaLed from Lhe anchaLaLvas lease subdue your radlance so LhaL l can commence my creaLlon
vlvasvan Surya became very pleased by 8rahmas eulogy and subdued hls radlance 1hus lL
became posslble for Lord 8rahma Lo begln hls creaLlon Pe creaLed Lhe delLles demons human
belngs anlmals vegeLaLlon eLc ln Lhe same way as he had done ln earller kalpas
8CCLnlLS Cl kASP?AA Anu Aul1lS LuLCC? Cl ulWAkA8
Markandeya says Lord 8rahma afLer havlng creaLed Lhe unlverse dlvlded Lhe earLh lnLo varlous
lslands Pe also creaLed Lhe oceans and Lhe mounLalns Marlchl Lhe son of 8rahma was Lhe faLher
of kashyapa kashyapa was marrled Lo Lhe Len daughLers of uaksha Pe had numerous sons from
Lhem llke Lhe delLles Lhe demons and many creaLures llke repLlles AdlLl was Lhe moLher of Lhe
delLles ulLl of Lhe demons uanu of Lhe uanavas (monsLers) vlnaLa gave blrLh Lo Caruda and
Arun 8avasa was Lhe moLher of ?akshas and Lhe 8akshasas kadru of Lhe nagas Munl was Lhe
moLher of Candharvas krodha was Lhe moLher of kulyava Canas 8lshLa of Apsaras lra was Lhe
moLher of Lhe elephanLs and 1amra was Lhe moLher of Shyenl lla gave blrLh Lo all Lhe vegeLaLlon
whlle radha gave blrLh Lo Lhe lnsecLs 1he earLh was lnhablLed wlLh Lhe progenles of AdlLls sons
Lord 8rahma had made Lhe delLles masLers of all Lhe Lhree worlds 1hls declslon of 8rahma had
made Lhe ualLyas uanavas and 8akshasas very angry 1hey goL unlLed and sLarLed causlng
obsLacles ln Lhe paLh of Lhe delLles A greaL baLLle was foughL beLween Lhe delLles and Lhe demons
ln whlch Lhe delLles were defeaLed AdlLl Lhe moLher of Lhe delLles became very sad She dld a
rlgorous penance Lo please Lhe Sun god She observed fasLs and euloglsed Lhe Sun god for mosL
of her Llme AL lasL Lhe Sun god appeared before her buL she could noL bear hls radlance whlch
was so powerful LhaL she could noL even open her eyes She requesLed hlm Lo subdue hls power
so LhaL she could see hlm
Aul1l ClvLS 8l81P 1C Aul1?A
Markandeya says AfLer belng pleased by Lhe eulogy of AdlLl Lhe Sun shed lLs radlance and
became sombre now AdlLl could see hlm She sald C lord! 8e pleased upon me 1he ualLyas
and Lhe uanavas have capLured all Lhe Lhree worlds from my sons l requesL you Lo Lake blrLh as
my son and defeaL Lhe demons
1he Sun god agreed Lo Lake blrLh as her son ln course of Llme AdlLl became pregnanL She
engaged herself ln rellglous acLlvlLles so LhaL she could become a moLher of a vlrLuous chlldSeelng hls
pregnanL wlfe observlng fasLs kashyapa became very angry Pe sald lL ls noL proper
for a pregnanL woman Lo observe fasL as lL may prove Lo be harmful Lo Lhe foeLus Why are you
Lrylng Lo desLroy lL? AdlLl replled l am noL Lrylng Lo desLroy my foeLus AfLer Laklng blrLh our
chlld wlll desLroy our enemles
ln her anger AdlLl released her foeLus kashyapa sLarLed chanLlng Lhe manLras of 8lgveda ln a
very shorL Llme her chlld came ouL from LhaL foeLus A heavenly volce was heard whlch sald C
sage! Slnce you have called Lhls foeLus MarlL Lherefore your son would be famously known as
MarLand AfLer Lhe blrLh of MarLand Lhe morale of Lhe delLles was boosLed up lndra challenged
Lhe demons A Lremendous baLLle ensued beLween boLh Lhe sldes MarLand glanced Lowards Lhe
demons as a resulL of whlch Lhey were charred Lo deaLh 1he delLles were pleased and euloglsed
MarLand AL lasL Lhe delLles regalned Lhelr LerrlLorles Lhey had losL Lo Lhe demons
Markandeya says vlshwakarma had marrled hls daughLer Sangya Lo Lhe Sungod 8uL belng
unable Lo face Lhe unbearable radlance of Lhe Sun she wenL Lo do penance afLer lnsLrucLlng her
shadow Lo perform Lhe duLles of an ldeal wlfe on her behalf ulLlmaLely she reLurned back Lo her
husband only afLer vlshwakarma had subdued Lhe radlance of Lhe Sun god vlshwakarma Lhen
euloglsed Lhe Sun god by saylng l make saluLaLlons Lo Lhe Sun god whose exlsLence ls beneflclal
for Lhe whole unlverse l make saluLaLlons Lo one whose own orlgln remalns a mysLery and who
enables our eyes Lo see l make saluLaLlons Lo Lhe Sun god who desLroys darkness and who
llghLens up Lhe whole world
8A!?AvA8uPAnS Su8!LC1S LuLCClSL Sun CCu lC8 PlS LCnC LllL
krausLukl says C lord! LnllghLen us on Lhe greaLness of 8haskar
Markandeya replled 1here was a klng named 8a[yavardhan Pls sub[ecLs were very happy and
saLlsfled under hls rule 1hey were free from all Lhe dlseases 8a[yavardhan ruled for 7000 long
years Pls wlfe was Manlnl Cne day whlle Manlnl was applylng oll on hls head she saw a grey
halr She became very sad and sLarLed crylng A drop of Lear fell on Lhe klng Pe asked Lhe queen
as Lo why she was crylng 1he queen Lold hlm abouL Lhe reason 1he klng laughlngly sald l am
fully saLlsfled by my rule of 7000 years 1he grey halr on my head ls an lndlcaLlon LhaL l musL
now abandon my worldly llfe and become a recluse 1hls would be more approprlaLe for me
When hls sub[ecLs came Lo know abouL hls declslon Lhey became sad 8uL noLhlng could make
Lhe klng change hls mlnd Pe declded Lo become a recluse afLer appolnLlng hls son as hls
successor 1he klng called Lhe asLrologers for consulLaLlon 1he asLrologers advlsed Lhe klng Lo
change hls mlnd 8uL 8a[yavardhan dld noL llsLen Lo Lhem
AL lasL hls sub[ecLs declded Lo euloglse Lhe Sun god and demand a long llfe for Lhelr klng All of
Lhem sLarLed worshlpplng Lhe Sun god A Candharva whose name was Sudama appeared before
Lhem and lnsLrucLed Lhem Lo go Lo a foresL named Cuha vlshal and conLlnue Lhelr penance All of
Lhem wenL Lo Lhe foresL as per Lhe lnsLrucLlon of Lhe Candharva 1here was a beauLlful Lemple of
Lord 8haskar ln Lhe foresL 1hey worshlpped Surya and euloglsed hlm 1helr worshlp conLlnued
for Lhree monLhs afLer whlch Lhe Sun god became pleased and appeared before Lhem Lord
8haskar asked Lhem Lo demand any boon Pe sald C 8rahmln! uemand anyLhlng you wlsh All
of Lhem sald C lord! lf you are really pleased wlLh us Lhen bless our klng 8a[yavardhan wlLh a long llfe
lease bless hlm wlLh an eLernal youLh and a llfe free from all Lhe delLles We wanL our
klng Lo llve for 10000 years 1he Sun god blessed Lhem by saylng So be lL
AfLer recelvlng Lhe boons all of Lhem came Lo Lhe klngs palace and narraLed Lhe whole sLory 1he
queen was very pleased buL Lhe klng was worrled 1he queen was surprlsed aL Lhe klngs sadness
even afLer geLLlng such good news 1he klng replled WhaL ls Lhe use of remalnlng allve for
10000 years? ?ou wonL be allve Lhen Wlll l be able Lo en[oy my llfe ln your absence? Wlll noL
Lhe deaLhs of my sons my grandsons and my near and dear ones make me sad? 1he boon of
myself en[oylng llfe for 10000 years wlll acLually prove Lo be a curse
1he queen sadly sald WhaLever you have sald ls Lrue l could noL undersLand Lhls facL because of
my lgnorance now you musL do your duLy as Lhe boon of Lhe Sun god ls noL golng Lo go ln
valn 1he klng declded Lo go Lo Lhe MounLaln rabhrlLl and do penance Pe wanLed Lo recelve a
boon from Sun god whlch enabled all hls sub[ecLs and hls relaLlves Lo remaln allve as long as he
llved 1he queen also declded Lo move along wlLh Lhe klng 8oLh of Lhem dld an ausLere penance
1he Sun god appeared before Lhem and blessed Lhem 1hus 8a[yavardhan llved for 10000 years
along wlLh hls sub[ecLs
MA81AnuAuLv Anu PlS uLSCLnuAn1S
Markandeya says MarLandadev had a son named Manu 1he sevenLh ManavanLar ln whlch we
are llvlng ls named afLer hlm Manu had many sons among whom narlshyanL nabhag
rlshadhna and urlshL were Lhe rulers of dlfferenL klngdoms Manu had performed a speclal
?agya named MlLravaruna wlLh Lhe deslre of havlng more sons 8uL afLer Lhe ?agya a daughLer
was born Lo hlm and who was named lla Manu Lhen requesLed MlLravaruna Lo Lransform LhaL
glrl lnLo a boy lf he was really pleased wlLh hlm 8oLh Lhe delLles blessed Manu and lnsLanLly
LhaL glrl was Lransformed lnLo a boy Pe was named Sudryumna Cne day Sudryumna had gone
Lo Lhe foresL for hunLlng lncldenLally because of Lhe wraLh of Coddess arvaLl he agaln goL
Lransformed lnLo a lady AL LhaL Llme he was marrled Lo 8uddh and a son named ururava was
born Lo Lhem LaLer on he regalned hls body of Lhe male 1hls Llme he became Lhe faLher of
uLkal vlnay and Caya All Lhese Lhree sons were very [usL rulers ururava was made Lhe klng of
raLlsLhanpur
lAMCuS M?1PCLCClCAL 1ALLS
klnC 8lSPAuPnA
klng rlshadhna was Lhe son of Manu Cne day he had gone Lo Lhe foresL on a hunLlng spree Pe
kllled a cow by mlsLake 1hls cow belonged Lo an AgnlhoLrl 8rahmln who was performlng a
?agya 1he 8rahmln became very furlous and cursed rlshadhna Lo become a Shudra klng
rlshadhna Loo became angry and he wanLed Lo reLallaLe Pe Look some waLer ln hls hand and was
[usL abouL Lo curse Lhe 8rahmln [usL Lhen Lhe 8rahmlns faLher Maull arrlved Pe warned boLh of
Lhem agalnsL curslng each oLher Pe sald Anger decreases Lhe llfe span of a man lL also desLroys
Lhe knowledge and makes a man a desLlLuLe An angry person can nelLher be vlrLuous nor he can
accumulaLe wealLh Lven lf Lhe klng had kllled Lhe cow dellberaLely he ls worLhy of belng shown
compasslon 8uL lf he has commlLLed Lhls sln ouL of hls lgnorance Lhen cerLalnly he ls noL flL Lo
be cursed 1herefore C son! uonL curse Lhe klng 1he cow musL have dled because of her own
pasL karmas klng rlshadhna made saluLaLlons Lo Lhe AgnlhoLrl 8rahmln and sald ln a loud
volce 8e pleased on me l dld noL klll Lhe cow dellberaLely lL only happened by mlsLake 1he
8rahmln replled C klng! l have never spoken a lle ln my llfe Lven my curse whlch l have
glven Lo you wlll noL go ln valn Sage Maull Look hls son Lo hls hermlLage ln course of Llme
rlshadhna became a Shudra due Lo Lhe curse
8lnCL nA8PAC
Markandeya says nabhag was Lhe son of klng ulshLa Cne day he saw a beauLlful woman who
was Lhe daughLer of a valshya Pe was very enchanLed by her beauLy and wanLed Lo marry her
Pe wenL Lo Lhe valshya and expressed hls deslre 1he valshya was Lerrlfled aL Lhe prospecL of
faclng Lhe wraLh of Lhe klng Pe sald ?ou belong Lo a royal famlly whereas l am a poor man
1here ls no maLch beLween boLh of us Why do you lnslsL on marrylng my daughLer?
nabhag was noL amused aL Lhe valshyas reply Pe LhreaLened Lo glve up hls llfe lf he was noL
marrled 1he valshya wenL Lo Lhe klng and narraLed Lhe whole sLory 1he klng consulLed hls
mlnlsLers and Lhe 8rahmlns 1he 8rahmln sald rlnce nabhag should flrsL marry a woman
wlLhln hls own casLe only Lhen he can marry Lhe valshyas daughLer oLherwlse he would be
commlLLlng a grave sln
nabhag was noL saLlsfled by Lhe 8rahmlns declslon Pe declded Lo forclbly abducL Lhe valshyas
daughLer 1he valshya wenL Lo Lhe klng and soughL hls help 1he klng gave deaLh punlshmenL Lo
nabhag Pearlng of Lhls punlshmenL nabhag wenL lnLo hldlng 1he royal army wenL ln search of
hlm and flnally found hlm 1hen a Lough baLLle was foughL and ulLlmaLely nabhag was
vlcLorlous 1he klng hlmself came forward Lo flghL wlLh nabhag As Lhe baLLle was golng on
sage narada appeared and requesLed Lhe klng Lo sLop flghLlng Pe sald C klng! lease sLop Lhls
baLLle 8elng a kshaLrlya lL ls noL proper for you Lo flghL a baLLle wlLh a valshya whlch your son
has become afLer abducLlng a valshya glrl Pe ls noL enLlLled Lo flghL wlLh you
Cu8SL Cl SACL 8AMA1l
Markandeya says 1he klng sLopped flghLlng aL Lhe requesL of narada nabhag marrled Lhe
valshya glrl AfLer Lhe marrlage Lhe klng ordered nabhag Lo follow a valshyas occupaLlon
nabhag goL engaged ln acLlvlLles llke anlmal husbandry and agrlculLure WlLh Lhe passage of
Llme a son was born and who was named 8halandan When he grew up hls moLher enLrusLed
hlm Lhe [ob of looklng afLer Lhe cows 8halandan knew noLhlng abouL Lhe [ob he was enLrusLed
wlLh Pe wenL Lo sage neep and Lold hls problem Sage neep undersLood everyLhlng and LaughL
hlm Lhe nuances of handllng varlous weapons as a resulL of whlch he became a masLer ln Lhls arL
AfLer Lhls 8halandan wenL Lo vasuraL Lhe son of lLravya and demanded hls share ln Lhe
klngdom of hls greaLgrandfaLher vasuraL refused Lo glve anyLhlng by saylng 8elng Lhe son of a
valshya you are noL enLlLled Lo become a klng 8halandan became very angry and aLLacked
vasuraL wlLh a huge army ln Lhls baLLle vasuraL was defeaLed now 8halandan had conLrol over
Lhe enLlre earLh Pe reLurned Lo hls faLher nabhag ln order Lo hand over Lhe relgn of Lhe klngdom he
had won ln Lhe baLLle 8uL nabhag refused Lo Lake anyLhlng by saylng l have been cursed by
my faLher Lo become a valshya l cannoL go agalnsL hls wlshes by Laklng over Lhe responslblllLy
of a klng as Lhls would dlsLurb Lhe peace of my ancesLors who are ln heaven and even l would noL
aLLaln llberaLlon 1he second Lhlng ls LhaL you have won Lhls klngdom by your power and
sLrengLh lL wlll noL be proper for me Lo rule over Lhls klngdom
Suprabha Lhe wlfe of nabhag was llsLenlng Lo Lhelr conversaLlon She could noL sLop laughlng
She sald ?ou are noL a valshya because l Loo belong Lo a kshaLrlya famlly uurlng anclenL
Llmes a klng named Sudev had a frlend nala Cne day boLh of Lhem wenL Lo Lhe foresL Lo hunL
ln Lhe foresL nala saw sage ramaLls wlfe and became enchanLed by her lmmense beauLy Pe
wanLed Lo marry he and Lrled Lo forclbly abducL her 8elng a chasLe woman ramaLls wlfe
sLarLed shouLlng for help Sage ramaLl heard her screams and arrlved aL Lhe slLe Pe became
enraged when he saw nala Lrylng Lo abducL hls wlfe and klng Sudev dolng noLhlng Lo proLecL
her ramaLl requesLed klng Sudev Lo proLecL hls wlfe from nala klng Sudev lled Lo sage
ramaLl abouL hls casLe Lo help hls frlend nala Pe sald l cannoL help you because l am a
valshya ?ou musL go Lo any kshaLrlya Lo Lake help Sage ramaLl was exasperaLed Pe fumed
?ou wlll cerLalnly become a valshya as you have lled Lo me abouL your casLe
8PALAnuAn Anu vA1SA8l
nabhag Lold hls wlfe l would never accepL Lhe klngdom for Lhe second Llme whlch l had
rellnqulshed aL Lhe lnsLrucLlon of my faLher Pe Lhen lnsLrucLed hls son Lo rule over Lhe klngdom
he had won lollowlng hls faLhers lnsLrucLlons 8halandan sLarLed rullng over hls klngdom LaLer
on he goL marrled and begoL a son named vaLsaprl vaLsaprl was marrled Lo Saunanda when he
aLLalned youLhhood vaLsaprl marrled her afLer kllllng Lhe demon ku[rlmbha 1here was a klng
named vlduraLh Pe had Lwo sons whose names were SunlLl and SumaLl Cne day whlle
vlduraLh was havlng hls usual walk he saw a large plL Pe became very curlous !usL Lhen a sage
arrlved aL Lhe scene whose name was SuvraL olnLlng hls flnger Lowards Lhe plL Lhe klng asked
SuvraL as Lo whaL lL was 1he sage sald A demon by Lhe name of ku[rlmbha llves lnslde Lhls plL
Pe conLrols all Lhe evenLs whlch occur on Lhls earLh and ln heaven Pe possesses a mace called
Sunand and whlch was made by vlshwakarma 1hls large plL whlch you see ls Lhe resulL of Lhe
assaulL he made wlLh hls mace 1hls demon ls very cruel and wlcked Pe LormenLs Lhe delLles
and desLroys Lhe oblaLlon slLes of Lhe sages 1here ls one very pecullar characLerlsLlc relaLed wlLh
hls mace 1he mace would become powerless lf Louched by a woman 8uL Lhls ls only a
Lemporary change because lL regalns lLs power Lhe nexL day 8uL Lhls facL ls unknown Lo Lhe
demon AfLer saylng Lhls sage SuvraL wenL on hls way
klng vlduraLh reLurned Lo hls palace and consulLed hls mlnlsLers Pls daughLer MudavaLl was
llsLenlng Lo Lhelr conversaLlon Cne day Lhe demon abducLed MudavaLl 1he klng senL boLh hls
sons accompanled by a huge army Lo brlng her back buL Lhe demon defeaLed Lhem 1he klng
made a declaraLlon LhaL he wlll marry hls daughLer Lo anybody who brlngs back hls daughLer and
sons from Lhe cluLches of Lhe demon
Pearlng hls declaraLlon vaLsaprl came Lo vlduraLh and sald Clve me your permlsslon l wlll
brlng back your daughLer and your sons afLer releaslng Lhem from Lhe cluLches of Lhe demon
vlduraLh gave Lhe permlsslon vaLsaprl enLered lnLo Lhe neLher land Lhrough LhaL large plL A
Lremendous baLLle ensued beLween hlm and Lhe demon 1hls baLLle conLlnued for Lhree days Cn
Lhe flnal day of Lhe baLLle Lhe demon Lrled Lo Lake Lhe help of hls mace and wenL Lo grab hold of
lL 8uL senslng LhaL Lhe demon was golng Lo plck up Lhe mace she lmmedlaLely Louched Lhe mace
as a resulL of whlch lL became powerless 8elng unaware of Lhls happenlng Lhe demon aLLacked
vaLsaprl wlLh LhaL powerless mace 8uL he could noL harm vaLsaprl ulLlmaLely vaLsaprl was
successful ln kllllng Lhe demon
vaLsaprl released all Lhree of Lhem SunlLl SumaLl and MudavaLl from Lhe demons capLlvlLy and
broughL Lhem back Lo Lhe klngs palace AfLer Lhe deaLh of Lhe demon Sheshnag acqulred Lhe
mace MudavaLls name was laLer changed Lo Sunanda afLer LhaL mace klng vlduraLh became
very pleased and marrled MudavaLl Lo vaLsaprl
1PL klnCuCMS Cl 8AnSPu 8A!A1l Anu
kPAnl18A
Markandeya says Sunanda gave blrLh Lo 12 sons 1helr names were ranshu raveer Shoor
Suchakra vlkrama krama 8ala 8alak Chand rachand Suvlkrama and Swarup AfLer
growlng up ranshu became Lhe klng ranshu had a son named ra[aLl ra[aLl had flve sons
among whom khanlLra was one of Lhem khanlLra became a mlghLy klng and was very famous
for hls rellglousness and vlrLuoslLy Pe dlsLrlbuLed Lhe klngdoms among hls broLhers Shaurl was
made Lhe klng of Lhe easLern reglon udavasu of Lhe souLhern reglon Munl of Lhe wesLern reglon
whlle MaharaLhl was made Lhe klng of norLhern reglon
Cne day a mlnlsLer of Shaurl vlshwavedl lnsLlgaLed hlm agalnsL hls broLher khanlLra by saylng
C klng! ?ou musL Lry Lo capLure your broLhers klngdom as your klngdom ls Loo small for your
descendanLs Lo rule over A Llme may come when your descendanLs would be forced Lo choose
agrlculLure as Lhelr occupaLlon because Lhe conLlnuous dlsLrlbuLlon of your klngdom among your
progenles would leave almosL noLhlng for Lhem
Shaurl sald My broLher ls so klnd Lo me Why should l cheaL hlm llke LhaL? 1he mlnlsLer sald
1he duLy of Lhe klng ls only Lo look afLer Lhe klngdoms lnLeresL 1he relaLlon should noL come ln
Lhe way AL lasL Lhe mlnlsLer was successful ln convlnclng hlm AfLer someLlme Lhe wlcked
mlnlsLer also lnfluenced Lhe resL of hls broLhers ulLlmaLely klng khanlLra was lefL all alone as
all of hls mlnlsLers and even hls sons were mlsgulded by vlshwavedl vlshwavedl appolnLed four
prlesLs of khanlLra as Lhe supervlsor of ?agyas Cne day whlle Lhe prlesLs were performlng
?agya four ogresses appeared from Lhe sacrlflclal flre and Lrled Lo aLLack klng khanlLra 8uL
Lhey could noL harm hlm because of hls vlrLuous characLer 1hey Lhen Lurned Lowards vlshwavedl
and Lhe prlesLs and kllled all of Lhem 1hus vlshwavedl bore Lhe frulLs of evll deeds
klnC kPAnl18A
Markandeya says eople presenL aL Lhe oblaLlon slLe were shocked Lo see Lhe dead bodles of
vlshwavedl and Lhe four prlesLs When khanlLra goL Lhls news he Loo was shocked khanlLra
wenL Lo vashlshLa and asked hlm Lhe reason abouL Lhe deaLhs of hls broLhers mlnlsLer and Lhe
four prlesLs vashlshLa revealed Lhe consplracy haLched by vlshwavedl Lo klll hlm (khanlLra) khanlLra ln
a sad Lone sald Shame on me as l have been Lhe cause of Lhe deaLh of Lhe 8rahmlns
Pad l noL Laken blrLh as a human belng my broLhers prlesLs wonL have dled l am Lhe real
culprlL WhaL should l do now? Where should l go? 1he remorseful khanlLra declded Lo
rellnqulsh hls klngdom and go Lo Lhe foresL Lo do penance so LhaL he could geL llberaLed from Lhe
grave slns of causlng deaLh Lo Lhe 8rahmlns Pe wenL Lo Lhe foresL accompanled by hls Lhree
queens afLer appolnLlng hls son kshup as Lhe klng Pe dld a severe penance for 330 years AfLer
LhaL he dled because of hls bad healLh All Lhe Lhree queens dled Loo and wenL Lo heaven along
wlLh hlm
klnC vlvlnSPA
Markandeya says klng kshup ruled [usLly ln Lhe same way as hls faLher khanlLra dld kshups
wlfe was ramaLha 1hey had a son who was handsome and mlghLy Pe had defeaLed all Lhe
klngs and annexed Lhelr klngdom Pe was marrled Lo nandlnl Lhe prlncess of vldarbha nandlnl
gave blrLh Lo a son who was named vlvlnsha vlvlnsha was a very mlghLy klng uurlng hls relgn
Lhe earLh had become very populaLed 1he enemles of klng vlvlnsha were very afrald of hlm buL
hls sub[ecLs were saLlsfled by hls [usL rule klng vlvlnsha had performed numerous ?agyas and
afLer rullng for a long Llme he aLLalned marLyrdom whlle flghLlng a baLLle
klnC kPAnlnL18A
Markandeya says khanlneLra was Lhe son of klng vlvlnsha Pe was very brave and vallanL 1he
Candharvas had proclalmed LhaL no one could maLch khanlneLras benevolence who had donaLed
Lhe whole earLh afLer accompllshlng 10000 ?agyas khanlneLra had glven so much wealLh as
donaLlons Lo Lhe 8rahmlns LhaL Lhere was no need for Lhem Lo Lake donaLlons for Lhe resL of Lhelr
llves
khanlneLra was sonless Cne day he wenL Lo Lhe foresL Lo hunL an anlmal for sacrlflclal purpose
needed durlng lLra ?agya 1he performance of Lhls ?agya was supposed Lo bless hlm wlLh a
son ln Lhe foresL he saw a deer LhaL was cognlsanL of hls deslre 1he deer requesLed hlm by
saylng C klng! ?ou can geL my flesh by kllllng me 1he klng was very amazed Pe asked Lhe
deer as Lo why lL was wllllng Lo geL sacrlflced 1he deer replled C klng! l donL have any
offsprlng lor Lhls reason l conslder my llfe as useless Whlle Lhe conversaLlon was golng on
beLween Lhe klng and Lhe deer anoLher deer came near Lhem and expressed hls deslre Lo geL
sacrlflced by saylng C klng! lease klll me and geL Lhe flesh because Lhe flesh of Lhls sonless
deer would be of no help Lo you 1he klng was asLonlshed Pe asked Lhe second deer as Lo why
he was wllllng Lo dle 1he second deer replled C klng! l have numerous sons and daughLers and
Lhls worrles me a loL Whenever my chlldren go ouL ln search of food l become very anxlous Llll
Lhey have reLurned Lo me safely 1hls way l pass Lhe whole day and nlghL ln anxleLy
1he klng was very confused Pe sald l donL know who ls superlor beLween a sonless person
and a person who doesnL have any son AlLhough l needed Lhe flesh for Lhe accompllshmenL of
lLra ?agya buL now afLer meeLlng boLh of you l have become confused lL ls Lrue LhaL a man has
Lo face all klnds of sorrows because of Lhelr chlldren buL yeL a sonless man ls noL compleLe and remalns
lndebLed So l have declded Lo geL a son by dolng a penance [usL llke my predecessors
dld ln Lhe pasL
kA8AnuPAM
Markandeya says klng khanlneLra wenL aL Lhe bank of Lhe rlver ComLl and sLarLed dolng a
severe penance Lo please lndra AfLer belng pleased by hls devoLlon and eulogy lndra appeared
before hlm Pe sald Lo khanlneLra C klng! l am very much pleased by your devoLlon uemand
anyLhlng you wlsh 1he klng replled C lord! lf you are really pleased wlLh me Lhen bless me
wlLh a rellglous and vlrLuous son because l am a sonless person lndra blessed hlm by saylng
So be lL and Lhen dlsappeared
khanlneLra reLurned Lo hls palace ln course of Llme a son was born Lo hlm Pe named Lhe chlld
8alashva When 8alashva grew up he became Lhe klng afLer Lhe deaLh of hls faLher Pe annexed
many klngdoms afLer defeaLlng hls enemles and lmposed Laxes on Lhem AfLer someLlme hls
enemles noL only sLopped paylng hlm Lhe Laxes buL also regrouped Lhemselves and recapLured
Lhelr losL LerrlLorles 8alashva had become weak due Lo Lhe consLanL baLLles Pe had only Lhe
caplLal clLy ln hls possesslon and had losL Lhe oLher LerrlLorles Cne day hls enemles surrounded
hls caplLal 8alashva became resLless as he would be no maLch for hls enemles ln a sorrowful
mood he heaved deeply coverlng hls face by boLh hls hands 1he exhaled alr resulLed lnLo Lhe
manlfesLaLlon of numerous vallanL flghLers charloLs elephanLs and horses very soon Lhls huge
army covered Lhe whole area 1hls army baLLled under Lhe leadershlp of 8alashva ulLlmaLely
Lhe enemles were defeaLed LaLer on klng 8alashva became famous as karandham because of
Lhe huge army whlch had manlfesLed from beLween boLh Lhe Lrembllng hands of 8alashva
klnC AvlkSPLL1
8l81P Cl AvLLkSPl1 Anu A8uuC1lCn Cl vAlSPALlnl
Markandeya says ShubhvraLa Lhe daughLer of veeryachandra had declded Lo marry
karandham A son was born Lo Lhem who was named as AveekshlL 1he asLrologers had
predlcLed a very brlghL fuLure for hlm AveekshlL learnL lessons ln handllng all klnds of weapons
from Lhe son of kanva ln a very shorL Llme he aLLalned masLery ln Lhe arL of weaponry vara
Caurl Subhadra nlbha LllavaLl ManyavaLl and kumrldwaLl had chosen AveekshlL as Lhelr
husband ln a Swayamvara AveekshlL had also forclbly marrled numerous oLher women
Cnce a Swayamvara was conducLed ln Lhe palace of Lhe klng of vlshal for hls daughLer SudaLl
valshallnl AveekshlL was presenL ln Lhe Swayamvara 8uL SudaLl due Lo her arroganL naLure dld
noL choose AveekshlL as her husband Pence he forclbly abducLed her by defeaLlng Lhe oLher
klngs 1he facL LhaL a slngle man had defeaLed all of Lhem had made Lhe oLher klngs ashamed of
Lhemselves All of Lhem declded Lo flghL AveekshlL unlLedly 1hey plcked up Lhelr arms and
marched Lowards AveekshlL wlLh a huge armyAvLLkSPl1 uLlLA1Lu Ll8L8A1lCn Anu
ulSLnCPAn1MLn1
Markandeya says A feroclous baLLle ensued beLween AveekshlLs army and Lhe oLher klngs 8oLh
sldes foughL bravely and AveekshlL managed Lo klll many of Lhe klngs buL was ouLnumbered and
goL severely wounded AveekshlL was flnally made capLlve AveekshlL and SudaLl valshallnl
were broughL Lo Lhe klng of vlshal 1he klng lnsLrucLed SudaLl valshallnl Lo choose any klng as
her husband buL she refused Lhls offer 1he klng Lhen requesLed hls asLrologer Lo choose an
ausplclous day for her marrlage 1he asLrologer sald Lo Lhe klng C klng! 1he presenL Llme ls noL
ausplclous for marrlage buL donL worry very soon Lhe prlncess would geL marrled aL Lhe advenL
of Lhe mosL ausplclous momenL When klng karandham came Lo know abouL hls sons defeaL and
capLlvlLy he consulLed hls frlends All of Lhem declded Lo aLLack Lhe klngdom of vlshal and
release AveekshlL from capLlvlLy karandham marched Lowards Lhe klngdom of vlshal followed
by a huge army A Lremendous baLLle was foughL for Lhree days karandham became vlcLorlous ln
Lhls baLLle AL lasL AveekshlL was rescued from hls capLlvlLy
klng vlshal declded Lo marry hls daughLer wlLh AveekshlL buL AveekshlL was dlslllusloned wlLh
llfe Pe sald Lo vlshal l can never accepL such a woman as my wlfe who has wlLnessed my
defeaL l have declded Lo renounce llfe So lL would be beLLer lf you marry your daughLer wlLh
somebody else
klng vlshal asked hls daughLer Lo choose any oLher klng as her husband as AveekshlL was noL
wllllng Lo marry her
8uL Lhe prlncess wanLed Lo marry AveekshlL and belleved LhaL he sLlll remalned an undefeaLed
klng because he had foughL slnglehandedly wlLh all Lhe klngs Pe was defeaLed only because of
unfalr means adopLed by hls [ealous rlvals ln Lhe baLLle
l shall accepL only AveekshlL as my husband oLherwlse l shall remaln unmarrled sald Lhe
prlncess klng karandham requesLed hls son Lo marry Lhe prlncess buL AveekshlL Lurned down
even hls faLhers requesL Seelng Lhe fuLlllLy of hls advlce karandham reLurned Lo hls klngdom
AveekshlL Loo wenL along wlLh hlm
SudaLl valshallnl wenL ln Lhe foresL Lo do penance She observed a fasL for Lhree monLhs She
became very weak buL sLlll conLlnued wlLh her penance
1he delLles felL sorry aL her condlLlon 1hey senL an envoy Lo persuade her Lo dlsconLlnue wlLh her
penance 1he envoy requesLed her Lo sLop LorLurlng herself ?ou would be a moLher of a
ChakravarLl klng who would be mlghLy and powerful sald Lhe envoy
SudaLl valshallnl sald Pow can l become a moLher wlLhouL a husband? l have declded LhaL
nobody excepL AveekshlL wlll be my husband 8uL he has Lurned down my proposal So l have
vowed Lo remaln unmarrled ln Lhls llfe 1he envoy sald C greaL soul! l have been asked noL Lo reveal
much ?ou musL Lake care of your
healLh uue Lo Lhe vlrLues of your penance you wlll cerLalnly become a moLher SudaLl followlng
her lnsLrucLlons and broke her fasL
AvLLkSPl1 8CMlSLS PlS lA1PL8 1C CL1
MA88lLu
Markandeya says Cnce veera Lhe wlfe of klng karandham and moLher of AveekshlL had
Laken a vow Lo accompllsh a very arduous penance 8uL Lhls could only be accompllshed wlLh
karandhams and AveekshlLs asslsLance karandham had assured her LhaL he would provlde all
Lhe wealLh requlred for Lhe accompllshmenL of LhaL ausLerlLy whlle AveekshlL had assured her of
physlcal help
veera commenced her arduous ausLerlLy named klmlchhak vraLa 1hls parLlcular vraLa had a
pecullar characLerlsLlc and LhaL was any demand made durlng Lhe course of Lhe vraLa oughL Lo
be fulfllled aL any cosL falllng whlch meanL forfelLlng all Lhe vlrLues of Lhls arduous ausLerlLy
klng karandham was consulLlng hls mlnlsLer abouL Lhe means LhaL would change AveekshlLs
declslon regardlng hls marrlage 1he mlnlsLers sald LhaL as karandham had become old Lhere
was an urgenL need for hls successor 1he quesLlon was LhaL who would become klng afLer
AveekshlL as he had declded Lo remaln unmarrled 1hls LhoughL was LormenLlng all of Lhem
Suddenly klng karandham heard Lhe prlesL who was asslsLlng queen veera ln Lhe
accompllshmenL of Lhe klmlchhak vraLa Lelllng somebody 1he queen ls busy performlng Lhe
klmlchhak vraLa WhaL ls your demand? l promlse lL wlll be fulfllled by Lhe queen no maLLer
how exLraordlnary lL may be
AveekshlL Loo arrlved aL Lhe scene Pe promlsed LhaL Lhelr demands would be meL wlLhouL delay
as lL was obllgaLory for Lhe success of klmlchhak vraLa whlch hls moLher was performlng
Seelng Lhe Llme as opporLune klng karandham sald before Lhe people could say anyLhlng C
son! l have a demand romlse me LhaL you wlll fulfll lL
AveekshlL gave hls word 1he klng sald LhaL he asplred for a grandson buL Lhls was lmposslble
unless he (AveekshlL) goL marrled lnlLlally AveekshlL Lrled Lo convlnce karandham LhaL lL was
an lmposslble Lask as he had vowed Lo remaln a cellbaLe buL ulLlmaLely he had Lo change hls mlnd
Lo honor hls words
AvLLkSPl1 8LSCuLS vAlSPALlnl
Markandeya says Cnce AveekshlL had gone for a hunL ln Lhe foresL when suddenly he heard a
female volce shouLlng for help Pe proceeded ln Lhe dlrecLlon of Lhe volce
AfLer reachlng Lhere he saw uanus (a demon) son uhrldhakesha holdlng a lady by her halr 1he
woman was crylng l am Lhe wlfe of AveekshlL 1hls wlcked demon ls Lrylng Lo abducL me AveekshlL
was surprlsed as Lo how could Lhe lady clalm LhaL she was hls wlfe Pe apprehended
LhaL lL musL be Lhe llluslonary LacLlcs of Lhe demon Lo Lrap hlm 8uL desplLe hls apprehenslons he
wenL near Lhe walllng woman Lo release her from Lhe cluLches of LhaL demon Pe warned Lhe
demon of dlre consequences lf he dld noL release her 1he demon lefL Lhe woman and aLLacked
AveekshlL A Lremendous duel was foughL ln Lhe end AveekshlL severed Lhe head of LhaL demon
1he delLles were very pleased aL uhrldhakeshas deaLh 1hey pralsed AveekshlL for hls bravery
1hey asked hlm Lo demand any boon
AveekshlL demanded a vallanL son for hlmself as per Lhe asplraLlons of hls faLher karandham
1he delLles sald ?ou would geL your son from Lhls very woman you have rescued 1he chlld
would become a very mlghLy klng afLer growlng up
8elng unaware of Lhe real ldenLlLy of valshallnl he Lold Lhe delLles l had vowed Lo remaln a
bachelor buL changed my declslon only due Lo Lhe word l had glven Lo my faLher 8uL l cannoL
marry Lhls woman because by dolng so l would be breachlng Lhe LrusL of LhaL woman who
wanLed Lo marry me and who had re[ecLed everybody for my sake
1he delLles Lhen revealed Lo hlm LhaL Lhls lady was none oLher Lhan valshallnl whom he was
Lalklng abouL She had done a severe penance Lo be your wlfe AfLer saylng Lhls Lhe delLles
dlsappeared
valshallnl requesLed hlm Lo accepL her as hls wlfe ?ou have rescued me from Lhls demon l
offer myself Lo you sald valshallnl
AvLLkSPl1 MA88lLS vAlSPALlnl
Markandeya says AfLer valshallnl had flnlshed her llnes AveekshlL Lold her LhaL he was forced
Lo abandon her ln Lhe pasL afLer geLLlng defeaLed buL once agaln he had regalned her afLer
defeaLlng Lhe demon 8oLh of Lhem declded Lo geL marrled ln Lhe foresL lLself
8lghL Lhen a Candharva 1anaya arrlved Lhere accompanled by many Apsaras and revealed Lo
AveekshlL LhaL valshallnl was hls daughLer ln her prevlous blrLh 8ecause of Lhe curse glven Lo
her by sage AgasLya she was born Lo Lhe klng of vlshal now you musL accepL her as your wlfe
AveekshlL marrled valshallnl under Lhe supervlslon of 1umbaru Lhe prlesL of Lhe Candharvas
8oLh of Lhem Lhen accompanled Lhe Candharvas Lo Lhe Candharva loka 1here valshallnl gave
blrLh Lo a son knowlng abouL Lhe feaLs Lhe chlld would accompllsh ln fuLure Lhe Candharvas
celebraLed hls blrLh ceremony wlLh greaL fanfare AfLer Lhe blrLh ceremony whlle 1umbaru was
euloglslng Lhe chlld everybody heard a heavenly volce whlch sald 1hls chlld wlll become
famous as MaruL he wlll become Lhe ruler of all Lhe Mahlpals Lverybody was exLremely
saLlsfled by Lhls forecasL
klnC MA8u1MA8u1 ASCLnuS 1PL 1P8CnL
Markandeya says AfLer Lhe blrLh of MaruL AveekshlL accompanled by valshallnl reLurned Lo hls
faLhers palace AfLer maklng saluLaLlons Lo hls faLher he kepL Lhe new born baby ln hls lap and
Lold hlm LhaL he had kepL hls word karandham became very pleased afLer seelng hls grandson
ln course of Llme MaruL grew up Pe had masLered all Lhe scrlpLures Pe was also proflclenL ln
handllng all klnds of weapons 1here was nobody llke hlm
karandham had become old Pe declded Lo go Lo Lhe foresL afLer maklng AveekshlL Lhe klng buL
AveekshlL was noL lnLeresLed ln becomlng a klng Pe Loo wanLed Lo go Lo Lhe foresL Pe sald 1he
shame of Lhe defeaL sLlll remalns Lhere Pow can a person who was noL able Lo proLecL hlmself
proLecL hls sub[ecLs
karandham Lrled hls besL Lo convlnce hlm Lo become hls successor buL AveekshlL was flrm ln hls
resolve llndlng no oLher opLlon MaruL was made Lhe klng
MaruL wenL Lo Lhe foresL and dld penance for 1000 years Pls wlfe dld Lhe same and wenL Lo llve
ln sage 8hargavas hermlLage
A PL8Ml1 AuvlSLS MA8u1 Cn 8LPALl Cl vLL8A
krausLukl asks Markandeya C lord! We wanL Lo know more abouL MaruL
Markandeya says AfLer becomlng Lhe klng MaruL sLarLed rullng ln a [usL manner Pe performed
many ?agyas under Lhe supervlslon of numerous ?agylkas and esLeemed prlesLs Anglras sonSamvarL
and 8rlhaspaLls broLher were hls chlef prlesLs under whose supervlslon Lhe ?agyas
used Lo be performed SamvarL had broughL Lhe peak of Mun[avan MounLaln afLer uprooLlng lL
for MaruL klng MaruLs palace and Lhe sacred oblaLlon slLe were consLrucLed on Lhls very
mounLaln peak
Cne day a hermlL sald Lo MaruL ?our grandmoLher veera ls very LormenLed by Lhe nulsance
Lhe serpenLs are creaLlng around Lhe sacred oblaLlon slLe She ls very dlspleased by your
negllgence 1he serpenLs have blLLen seven sons of a sage and have also polluLed Lhe waLer of Lhe
sacred pond 1he sages have sLarLed maklng offerlngs Lo Lhe serpenLs Lo please Lhem lnsLead of
paylng aLLenLlon on Lhe performance of Lhe ?agyas AlLhough Lhe sages are capable of desLroylng
Lhe serpenLs yeL Lhey have declded agalnsL dolng so as Lhls ls noL Lhelr [ob 1hls ls Lhe [ob of a
klng A klng should be aware of each and every evenL Laklng place ln hls klngdom ?ou are noL
aware of Lhe mlsdeeds of Lhe serpenLs because you donL have any deLecLlve Lo keep you lnformed
of such evenLs 8elng a klng lL ls your duLy Lo proLecL your sub[ecLs by punlshlng Lhe wrong
doers lf you donL do Lhls Lhen you wlll become a slnner C klng! ?our grandmoLher ls very
much concerned abouL your negllgenL aLLlLude and wanLs you Lo acL ln a way beflLLlng a klng
1PL SL8Ln1S 1AkL 1PL 8LluCL Cl 8PAMlnl (vAlSPALlnl)Markandeya says MaruL was ashamed
afLer hearlng Lhe sages words Pe cursed hlmself for hls
negllgence Pe plcked up hls bow and arrows ln anger and wenL Lo Lhe oblaLlon slLe When he
reached Lhere he saw Lhe dead bodles of seven hermlLs lylng on Lhe ground 8elng enraged he
plcked up hls mosL devasLaLlng weapon named SamvarLak 1he serpenLs became Lerrlfled as Lhe
Lremendous amounL of heaL generaLed by Lhls weapon had sLarLed Lo burn Lhem unable Lo bear
Lhe Lremendous heaL caused by Lhe weapon Lhe serpenLs Look Lhe refuge of 8hamlnl (valshallnl)
Lhe moLher of MaruL
SomeLlme ln Lhe pasL valshallnl had promlsed Lo proLecL Lhe serpenLs when ln danger valshallnl
requesLed her husband AveekshlL Lo persuade MaruL agalnsL kllllng Lhe serpenLs AveekshlL Lold
her LhaL Lhe lnLenslLy of MaruLs anger was a resulL of Lhe grave slns commlLLed by Lhe serpenLs
8uL for your sake l wlll requesL hlm Lo pardon Lhe serpenLs lf he sLlll does noL agree Lo sLop
kllllng Lhe serpenLs Lhen l wlll have no opLlon buL Lo desLroy hls weapon SamvarLak AfLer
saylng Lhls AveekshlL plcked up hls bow and arrows and wenL Lo Lhe oblaLlon slLe accompanled
by hls wlfe
1PL PL8Ml1S SCnS 8LCCML ALlvL
Markandeya says When AveekshlL reached Lhe oblaLlon slLe he found LhaL Lhe whole
aLmosphere was ablaze by Lhe Lremendous heaL generaLed by MaruLs weapon SamvarLak Pe
requesLed MaruL Lo drop hls weapon buL MaruL refused by saylng C faLher! 1hese serpenLs are
Lhe culprlLs 1hey have kllled Lhe hermlLs sons 1hey have also polluLed Lhe reservolr and caused
obsLacles ln Lhe accompllshmenL of oblaLlonrlLuals l am never golng Lo forglve Lhem
AveekshlL Lold MaruL LhaL Lhe serpenLs had Laken hls refuge and hence he should forglve Lhem Lo
proLecL Lhe honor of hls faLhers promlse When MaruL dld noL llsLen AveekshlL plcked up hls
weapon kal Lo klll hlm MaruL enqulred from hlm as Lo why he was Lrylng Lo klll hls own son
who was [usL performlng hls duLy of proLecLlng Lhe oblaLlon slLe from Lhe serpenLs AveekshlL
replled LhaL he Loo was duLy bound Lo proLecL Lhe serpenLs LhaL had Laken hls refuge
When Lhe sages saw boLh faLher and son were benL on kllllng each oLher Lhey lnLervened and
advlsed Lhem agalnsL kllllng each oLher 8lghL Lhen a sage came wlLh Lhe news LhaL Lhe serpenLs
had agreed Lo make all Lhe dead sons of Lhe hermlL allve 1hus all Lhe dead sons of Lhe hermlLs
became allve and once agaln Lhe faLher and son were prevenLed from kllllng each oLher lrom
Lhen onwards MaruL Look proper care whlle rullng hls klngdom LaLer on he marrled SukeshaLhe
daughLer of kekaya Salndhavl Lhe daughLer of Slndhura[ vayushmaLl Lhe daughLer of
Chedlra[ eLc Pe had elghLeen sons from hls wlves among whom narlshyanL was Lhe eldesL
klnC nA8lSP?An1
Markandeya says Among Lhe elghLeen sons of MaruL narlshyanL was Lhe eldesL MaruL ruled
over hls klngdom for 70013 years afLer whlch narlshyanL succeeded hlm as Lhe klng MaruL
wenL Lo Lhe foresL Lo do penance AfLer becomlng Lhe klng narlshyanL declded Lo perform a
grand ?agya Lhe llke of whlch had never been accompllshed by hls ancesLors narlshyanL made such
huge donaLlons Lo Lhe 8rahmlns LhaL lL was more Lhan enough for Lhelr fuLure generaLlons Lo
come
Cnce narlshyanL declded Lo organlse anoLher ?agya grander Lhan Lhe earller one 8uL no prlesL
was found Lo supervlse lL AL hls repeaLed requesLs some 8rahmlns agreed Lo supervlse Lhe
?agya 8uL Lhls parLlcular ?agya was unlque of lLs klnd because Lhe 8rahmlns played Lhe parL of
hosL as well as LhaL of prlesLs 1he 8rahmlns made donaLlons Lo Lhe 8rahmlns who were acLlng as
prlesLs ln Lhls grand ?agya crores of ?agyas were performed ln all Lhe dlrecLlons of Lhe earLh aL
one Llme 1hls grand ?agya was posslble only because of Lhe wealLh donaLed Lo Lhe 8rahmlns by
klng narlshyanL narlshyanL was such a rellglous and vlrLuous klng
narlshyanL felL [oyous LhaL due Lo hls donaLlons Lhe 8rahmlns had become wealLhy and aL Lhe
same Llme he was also sad LhaL hls deslre of performlng a grand ?agya was noL golng Lo be
accompllshed as Lhe 8rahmlns no longer needed donaLlons
SuMAnA CPCCSLS uAMA AS PL8 PuS8Anu
Markandeya says uama was Lhe son of narlshyanL Pls moLher was lndrasena Lhe daughLer of
8abhru Pe became Lhe masLer ln archery under Lhe LuLelage of vrlshparva Pe also learnL Lhe
nuances of handllng oLher klnds of weapons under Lhe guldance of uundubhl Pe learnL Lhe
scrlpLures from sage ShakLl and Lhe arL of yoga from AsharLlshen
Sumana Lhe daughLer of klng Charusharma had chosen uama as her husband ln a Swayamvara
8uL Mahanand vayushman and Mahadhanu dld noL llke her declslon as Lhey Loo wanLed Lo
marry her All Lhree of Lhem declded Lo abducL her by force and marry who ever among Lhem she
declded Lo marry wlLh 1helr evll lnLenLlons were corroboraLed by Lhe frlends of uama 1hus all
Lhree of Lhem abducLed Sumana uama became angry Pe asked all Lhe klngs who were presenL
ln Lhe Swayamvara 1ell me wheLher Swayamvara ls rellglous or lrrellglous?
Cne of Lhe klngs sald LhaL cerLalnly a Swayamvara ls rellglous and only uama has Lhe rlghL Lo
marry Sumana as she had herself chosen hlm 8uL some oLher klngs supporLed uamas
opponenLs 1hey sald 8akshas vlvaha ls Lhe norm prevalenL among people possesslng arms
Cnly such a person has a rlghL Lo marry Sumana who has defeaLed hls rlvals
uama became furlous wlLh Lhem Pe knew LhaL Lhey were saylng such Lhlngs ouL of [ealousy 8uL
sLlll he declded Lo accepL Lhelr proposal Pe Lhrew an open challenge by saylng Anybody who
wanLs Lo dle may abducL my wlfe ln fronL of my eyes
A Lremendous baLLle was foughL beLween uama and hls opponenLs
AL flrsL Mahanand came forward Lo flghL hlm wlLh a sword ln hls hand uama showered a volley
of arrows aL hlm All Lhe arrows were neuLrallsed by Mahanand AfLer LhaL Mahanand [umped
and cllmbed on Lhe charloL of uama uama severed hls head AfLer Lhe kllllng of Mahanand
vayushman came forward Lo flghL uama buL hls sword was broken lnLo Lwo pleces by Lhe assaulL
of uama uama Lhen kllled hls charloLeer AfLer LhaL vayushman plcked up hls splked mace buL uama
desLroyed even Lhls mace ln Lhe baLLle vayushman goL ln[ured and fell on Lhe ground
vayushman qulL Lhe ldea of flghLlng Seelng hlm relucLanL Lo flghL uama spared hls llfe
AL lasL Charusharma marrled hls daughLer Sumana wlLh uama AfLer sLaylng for some days aL
hls faLherlnlaws place uama reLurned home accompanled by hls wlfe Sumana
klLLlnC Cl nA8lSP?An1
Markandeya says When Lhe newly marrled couple uama and Sumana reLurned Lo Lhe caplLal
klng narlshyanL was exLremely pleased klng narlshyanL afLer knowlng abouL Lhe brave deeds of
hls son was very proud of hlm As he had become old he appolnLed uama as hls successor and
he wenL ln Lhe foresL Lo do penance accompanled by hls wlfe lndrasena
Cnce vayushman came ln Lhe same foresL where klng narlshyanL was dolng hls penance AfLer
seelng narlshyanL and hls wlfe he enqulred as Lo who Lhey were 8uL klng narlshyanL dld noL
glve any reply as he was observlng a Mauna vraLa Somehow vayushman came Lo know abouL
hls ldenLlLy LhaL he was none oLher Lhan Lhe faLher of hls blLLer enemy uama Pe felL LhaL Lhls was
Lhe mosL opporLune momenL for hlm Lo Lake hls revenge and kllled narlshyanL lndrasena on
seelng her dead husband sLarLed Lo wall All Lhe sages and hermlLs who were dolng penance ln
LhaL foresL arrlved Lhere and sLarLed curslng vayushman for Lhe grave sln he had commlLLed
lndrasena requesLed one of Lhe sages Lo go and lnform uama abouL hls faLhers deaLh She sald
Co and Lell hlm LhaL hls faLher narlshyanL has been kllled by vayushman whlle he was dolng
penance now lL was hls duLy Lo avenge hls faLhers deaLh AfLer saylng Lhls lndrasena
commlLLed SaLl by [umplng lnLo Lhe burnlng pyre of her husband
klnC uAMA klLLS vA?uSPMAn
Markandeya says When uama came Lo know abouL hls faLhers deaLh he became exLremely
furlous AlLhough he was very paLlenL by naLure buL sLlll Lhe news of hls faLhers deaLh made hlm
resLless Pe LhoughL Shame on me lnsplLe of myself belng allve Lhe wlcked vayushman had
kllled my faLher l have falled ln my duLy 8elng a klng lL ls my duLy Lo punlsh Lhe wlcked
people and proLecL Lhe vlrLuous ones 8uL my enemy ls sLlll allve afLer commlLLlng a helnous
crlme now l wlll perform my faLhers 1arpan only wlLh Lhe blood of vayushman lf l fall ln
dolng Lhls Lhen l would glve up my llfe by [umplng lnLo Lhe flre l wlll noL only klll vayushman
buL also hls whole famlly Whoever Lrles Lo help hlm wlll be puL Lo deaLh Lven lf Lhe delLles
?ama or kubera Lry Lo help hlm Lhey wlll geL desLroyed
Markandeya says AfLer Laklng a vow Lo klll vayushman uama consulLed hls prlesLs and
mlnlsLers on hls fuLure course of acLlon All of Lhem unanlmously declded LhaL vayushman musL
be punlshed for hls crlme AL lasL uama marched along wlLh a huge army Lowards vayushmans
klngdom
When vayushman came Lo know of uamas arrlval he became very angry 1he baLLle
commenced 1he chlef commander of vayushmans army aLLacked uama buL was kllled by
uama Seelng hls chlef commander dead vayushman Lrled Lo flee from Lhe baLLlefleld wlLh hls army
Seelng hlm flee uama challenged vayushman vayushman accepLed uamas challenge
and Lurned back Lo flghL agaln A feroclous baLLle was foughL ln a very shorL Llme uama kllled
all Lhe seven sons of vayushman hls broLhers relaLlves and hls frlends vayushman was
exLremely angry aL Lhe deaLh of hls near and dear ones and he aLLacked uama wlLh hls sword 8uL
uama pulllng vayushman by hls halr felled hlm on Lhe ground and puL hls feeL on hls neck
saylng l am now golng Lo plerce Lhe hearL of Lhls wlcked and mean man All Lhe delLles human
belngs sages eLc should wlLness Lhls scene Saylng Lhls uama kllled vayushman 8lood sLarLed
Lo ooze ouL from Lhe wound lnfllcLed on vayushmans hearL uama Lrled Lo drlnk LhaL blood buL
was deslsLed from dolng so by Lhe delLles 1hen uama performed Lhe lasL rlLes of hls faLher wlLh
LhaL blood ln Lhls way he Look hls revenge
1PL 8LnLll1S Cl 8LAulnC MA8kAnuL?A u8AnA
1he blrds sald C !almlnl! 1hls was Lhe way sage Markandeya had narraLed Lhe dlvlne Lales Lo
krausLukl A person who elLher sLudles Lhls urana or llsLens Lo lL achleves greaL
accompllshmenL All hls deslres are fulfllled and he en[oys a long llfe Pe becomes free from all
hls slns Markandeya urana ls Lhe sevenLh among all Lhe elghLeen uranas LlsLenlng Lo lL helps
a man Lo aLone for all Lhe slns commlLLed durlng Lhe perlod of one hundred crore kalpas 1he
vlrLues aLLalned by llsLenlng Lo Markandeya urana are equlvalenL Lo Lhe vlrLues aLLalned by
maklng donaLlons aL ushkar or by sLudylng all Lhe vedas
!almlnl replled C blrds! ?ou have enllghLened my mlnd by narraLlng Lhe Lales of Markandeya
urana and have made lL free from all sorLs of confuslon May Lhe almlghLy Cod bless you may
you en[oy a long llfe free from all Lhe dlseases
Saylng llke Lhls !almlnl wenL back Lo hls hermlLage
Pome
7 vA8APA u8AnA
LC8u vA8APA LnLlCP1LnS 8l1Pvl
8l1PvlS CuL8lLS
Lord vlshnu ln hls lncarnaLlon of varaha (a boar) had llberaLed rlLhvl (MoLher LarLh) from Lhe
cluLches of Plranyaksha Lhe mlghLy demon who had abducLed her Lo 8asaLal AfLer belng
rescued rlLhvl heaved a slgh of rellef and looked aL her savlour who was smlllng She
curlously asked lord varaha Pow does Lhe process of creaLlon begln ln Lhe beglnnlng of each
kalpa? WhaL ls dlssoluLlon? Pow do you nurLure Lhe whole creaLlon? ln whaL order do all Lhe
four yugas occur and how are Lhey calculaLed? Why do you Lake lncarnaLlon ln each yuga? All
Lhese Lhlngs puzzle me a loL and l requesL you Lo enllghLen me on all Lhese sub[ecLs
Lord vlshnu bursL lnLo laughLer and Lhe whole unlverse lncludlng Lhe delLles became vlslble Lo
rlLhvl Lhrough hls opened mouLh rlLhvl became so frlghLened by Lhls amazlng slghL LhaL she
sLarLed Lo Lremble ln fear Lord vlshnu Lhen Lransformed hls appearance and revealed hls dlvlne form Lo
rlLhvl so LhaL she could become free from her frlghL When rlLhvl saw Lhe dlvlne form
of lord vlshnu who was ln hls medlLaLlve sleep Laklng resL on Sheshnag all her fear vanlshed
She was exLremely pleased Lo see Lhe dlvlne appearance of lord vlshnu and Lhanked her good
forLune rlLhvl fllled wlLh exLreme devoLlon euloglzed lord vlshnu
Lord vlshnu was exLremely pleased by her eulogy and sald1he answers Lo Lhe quesLlons you
have asked are noL easy Lo undersLand buL sLlll l shall Lry Lo saLlsfy your curloslLy 1he supreme
AlmlghLy ls eLernal ln Lhe beglnnlng of creaLlon Lgo (ahamkar) as well as Lhe flve baslc
elemenLs space waLer earLh alr and flre manlfesL Lhemselves from Lhe supreme AlmlghLy
SubsequenLly Lhe greaL elemenLmahaLLaLva naLure and collecLlve conclousness manlfesL
Lhemselves 1he collecLlve conclousness Lhen comblnes wlLh each of Lhe Lhree baslc quallLlessaLva
(pure) ra[as and Lamas (dark) and exlLs ln Lhree dlfferenL sLaLes lLs comblnaLlon wlLh Lhe
dark quallLy resulLs lnLo Lhe manlfesLaLlon of Mahadbrahm whlch ls also called prakrlLl or naLure
by Lhe enllghLened ones ksheLragya (soul) ls consldered Lo be more superlor Lhan Lhe rakrlLl
1hls way Lhe dlfferenL permuLaLlons and comblnaLlons of all Lhe Lhree gunas wlLh collecLlve
lnLelllgence resulL lnLo Lhe creaLlon of dlfferenL LanmaLras(subLle form of maLLers) lrom Lhe
LanmaLras are creaLed Lhe lndrlyas or sense organs 1hls ls Lhe way how Lhe unlverse comes
lnLo exlsLence l Lhen creaLe all Lhe llvlng creaLures wlLh Lhe help of flve baslc elemenLs
ln Lhe beglnnlng Lhere was noLhlng buL empLy space SubsequenLly varlous naLural elemenLs llke
shabda (sound) akash (eLher) vayu (alr) Le[a (llghL) and [al (waLer) came lnLo belng respecLlvely
each of Lhe laLLer manlfesLlng from Lhe former 1hen l creaLed you (earLh) Lo provlde base Lo all
Lhe llvlng creaLures 1he comblnaLlon of earLh and waLer resulLed lnLo an egg (anda) As Lhe egg
grew ln slze l manlfesLed myself as narayan wlLhln lL uurlng each kalpa a loLus manlfesLs lLself
from my navel upon whlch ls seaLed lord 8rahma l Lhen requesL lord 8rahma Lo commence
creaLlon lnsplLe of all hls efforLs lord 8rahma does noL succeed ln commenclng hls creaLlon As
a resulL he becomes furlous and from hls fury manlfesLs a dlvlne chlld who sLarLs Lo wall
lncessanLly 1he dlvlne chlld ls none oLher Lhan 8udra who ls requesLed by lord 8rahma Lo begln
creaLlon buL Lhe chlld belng lncapable of dolng LhaL decldes Lo acqulre power by dolng penance
and enLers lnLo deep waLer
Lord 8rahma Lhen creaLed ra[apaLl from hls greaL Loe of hls rlghL fooL and ra[apaLls consorL
from Lhe greaL Loe of hls lefL fooL 1he manlfesLaLlon of ra[apaLl and hls consorL marks Lhe
beglnnlng of copulaLlve creaLlon and Lhus Swayambhuva Manu ls born ln Lhe course of Llme Lhe
populaLlon lncreased 1hls ls Lhe way how creaLlon Lakes place ln each kalpa
MoLher LarLh requesLed lord varaha Lo shade some more llghL on Lhe creaLlonal process as her
curloslLy had sLlll noL been LoLally saLlsfled Lord varaha replled AL Lhe end of Lhe lasL kalpa
when Lhe whole unlverse was engulfed ln darkness narayan wenL lnLo hls yoglcsleep AfLer
waklng up he found Lhe world devold of any creaLure narayan belng Lhe supreme AlmlghLy Lhe
creaLor Lhe nurLurer as well as Lhe annlhllaLor declded Lo commence creaLlon 1he Lerm narayan
means one who has hls abode ln Lhe waLer nar means waLer and ayan means abode llrsL of all
flve Lypes of avldya (false knoledge) manlfesLed from narayan Lamas (darkness) moha
(aLLachmenL) mahamoha (absoluLe aLLachmenL) Lamlsra ([ealousy) and andhaLamlsra (anger)
AfLer Lhe manlfesLaLlon of Lhese flve avldyas came lnLo exlsLence lmmovable Lhlngs llke
mounLalns Lrees eLc 1hese belng Lhe prlmary creaLlons came Lo be known as mukhya sarga (maln
creaLlon) ConLlnulng wlLh hls creaLlons lord 8rahma creaLed specles LhaL were superlor Lo
Lhe earller creaLlonanlmals 1hls parLlcular creaLlon was called 1lryaksroLa (quadruped) 1hls
way 8rahma dld hls creaLlon 8rahmas slxLh creaLlon was called SaLvlk sarga whlch conslsLed of
Lhe delLles who were all vlrLuous by naLure 1he creaLlon of human belngs was sevenLh ln order
and was known as ArvaksroLa sarga Lven human belngs were of Lhree Lypes Lhose who were
predomlnanLly vlrLuous possessed saLva guna had radlanL personallLy and never experlenced
sorrow buL Lhose who possessed ra[as and Lamas gunas experlenced sorrows
8rahmas elghLh creaLlon was called Anugrah sarg ln whlch he creaLed Lhe sages and Lhe
hermlLs for Lhe benedlcLlon of Lhe world 1he nlneLh creaLlon of Lord 8rahma was called kaumar
sarg (creaLlon of adolescenL belngs) So Lhese are Lhe nlne maln Lypes of creaLlon Lhrough whlch
8rahma creaLes llrsL of all 8udra and oLher delLles manlfesLed Lhemselves and Lhen came lnLo
belng eLernal adlescenLs llke Sanak Sanandan eLc SubsequenLly all Lhe Len manaspuLras of
8rahma manlfesLed Lhemselves Marlchl Anglra ALrl ulah kraLu ulasya racheLa 8hrlgu
narada and vashlshLha
Lord 8rahmas flrsL creaLlon8udra had manlfesLed hlmself as Ardha narlshwar (half male and
half female) AL Lhe requesL of 8rahma 8udra dlsmembered hls female parL resulLlng lnLo Lhe
creaLlon of Lwo dlsLlncL forms one male and Lhe oLher female LaLer on Len more 8udras
manlfesLed from Lhe male form and all of Lhem collecLlvely came Lo be known as Lleven
8udras
8l?Av8A1A A11AlnS 1C PLAvLnL? A8CuL
uescrlblng Lhe lncldenL whlch enabled klng rlyavraLa Lo aLLaln Lo heavenly abode Lord varaha
Lold rlLhvl
Swayambhuva Manu llved durlng Lhe flrsL kalpa Pe had Lwo sons rlyavraLa and uLLanpad
rlyavraLa was exLremely vlrLuous by naLure ln course of Llme he rellnqulshed hls Lhrone and
afLer dlsLrlbuLlng hls klngdom among hls sons wenL Lo 8adrlkashrama Lo do penance Cnce sage
narada pald a vlslL Lo hls hermlLage rlyavraLa recelved hls esLeemed guesL wlLh all Lhe respecL
whlch made narada exLremely pleased rlyavraLa Lhen requesLed narada Lo narraLe abouL some
lnLeresLlng lncldenL whlch had occured ln hls llfe
narada narraLed abouL an lnLeresLlng lncldenL whlch had happened whlle he was on hls way Lo
meeL rlyavraLa l experlenced an amazlng lncldenL yesLerday whlle l was passlng by a lake ln
ShweLdweepa l saw a dlvlnely beauLlful woman who was sLandlng alone aL Lhe bank of LhaL lake
l was surprlsed Lo flnd such a beauLlful woman aL such a lonely place lor a momenL l became so
lnfaLuaLed by her beauLy LhaL l losL all conLrol over my senses My lusL had made me devold of all
my knowledge and learnlng now l became very worrled and ashamed of my conducL buL Lhe
damage had already been made l lmmedlaLely reallzed LhaL she was noL an ordlnary woman 1o
my surprlse l saw a form of a dlvlne person vlslble clearly wlLhln her body WlLhln nexLfew
momenLs Lwo oLher male forms revealed Lhemselves Suddenly all Lhree of Lhem dlsappeared
leavlng behlnd [usL LhaL dlvlne lady l was dumbsLruck by Lhls amazlng lncldenL l asked her as Lo
who she was 1he dlvlne lady dlsclosed Lo me LhaL she was none oLher Lhan goddess SavlLrl Lhe
moLher of all Lhe vedas and slnce l was unable Lo recognlze her Lherefore all Lhe knowledge had
vanlshed from my memory She also revealed Lo me LhaL Lhe Lhree dlvlne men whlch had
manlfesLed Lhemselves wlLhln her body were ln facL Lhe Lhree vedas 8lgveda Samveda and
?a[urveda AfLer reveallng Lhese amazlng facLs Lo me goddess SavlLrl assured me LhaL by Laklng a
baLh ln LhaL lake l would noL only regaln my memory of Lhe vedas buL also of all my prevlous
blrLhs l euloglzed goddess SavlLrl and Lhanked her for Lhe blesslngs showered on me l Lhen
baLhed ln LhaL lake and Lo my pleasanL surprlse l now remembered everyLhlng of my pasL blrLhs as
had been propheslsed by goddess SavlLrl
rlyavraL was very surprlsed and requesLed narada Lo descrlbe some lnLeresLlng lncldenL relaLed
wlLh hls pasL blrLh narada narraLed Lhe followlng lncldenL Lo hlm ln SaLya ?uga l was born ln
a brahmln famlly and was named SaraswaL by my parenLs l was very sLudlous and grew up Lo
become a renowned scholar 1he almlghLy Cod had blessed me wlLh lmmense rlches and l never
experlenced scarclLy of any klnd ln my llfe 8uL very soon l goL bored of my monoLonous and
rouLlned llfe lL had become clear Lo me LhaL Lhere was more Lo llfe Lhan [usL worrylng abouL Lhe
galns and losses So l declded Lo do penance Lo aLLaln salvaLlon l dlsLrlbuLed all my wealLh
among my sons and wenL Lo Lhe bank of rlver SaraswaLl where l flrsL performed Lhe rlLuals of
shradha ln Lhe name of my ancesLors and Lhen performed yagyas l also donaLed loL of wealLh Lo
poor people 8elng saLlsfled l Lhen wenL Lo ushkar LlrLh and dld penance aL Lhe bank of rlver
SaraswaL by conLlnuously chanLlng Lhe sacred manLra om namo narayan and brahm par sLoLra
ulLlmaLely lord narayan became pleased and appeared before me Lord Srl Parl asked me of my
wlsh and l express my deslre Lo geL unlLed wlLh hls dlvlne form 8uL lord narayan Lold me LhaL
Lhe world needed me and so Lhls deslre of mlne could noL be fulfllled Pe blessed me and gave
me my name narada because l had donaLed waLer (nar) Lo my ancesLors durlng Lhe course of
performlng shradha rlLuals AlLhough my wlsh of unlLlng wlLh Lhe dlvlne form of Srl Parl had
remaln unfulfllled buL sLlll Lhere was a consolaLlon as l had been forLunaLe enough Lo see hls
dlvlne form wlLh my morLal eyes 1hereafLer l devoLed my llfe Lo Lhe worshlp of Srl ParlAfLer
my deaLh l aLLalned Lo brahmaloka l had been adequaLely rewarded for my devoLlon Loward lord
Srl Parl LaLer on l manlfesLed as one of Lhe Len manaspuLras of lord 8rahma when he
commenced hls creaLlon lL was only because of Lhe blesslngs of Srl ParlLhaL l came Lo be
regarded as lok guru by Lhe masses So rlyavraL lf you are deslre of aLLalnlng salvaLlon Lhen
you should follow my example and devoLe your llfe ln Lhe name of Lord Srl Parl
rlLhvl who was llsLenlng Lo Lhe Lales narraLed by Lord varaha wlLh rapL aLLenLlon asked hlm
wheLher lL was posslble for anybody Lo see Lord narayan wlLh hls/her morLal eyes Lord varaha
replled Lord narayan has Laken Len lncarnaLlons ln varlous forms such as MaLsya (flsh)
kachchap (LorLolse) varaha (boar) narslmha (half human and half llon) vamana (dwarf)
arshurama 8ama krlshna 8uddha and kalkl 1he lasL lncarnaLlon kalkl ls yeL Lo Lake place
A man can reallze Lord narayan by havlng LoLal devoLlon ln any one of Lhe Len lncarnaLlons
Lven Lhe delLles are lncapable of Lhls dlvlne experlence whaL Lo say abouL humans Lord 8rahma
ls Lhe manlfesLaLlon of all Lhe Lhree quallLles of Srl Parl and acLually lL ls Pe (Srl Parl) who
creaLes ln Lhe form of Lord 8rahma lL ls Pe who manlfesLs hlmself ln varlous naLural forms llke
earLh waLer flre alr and sky lL ls Pe who manlfesLs hlmself ln varlous absLracL quallLles llke
consclousness Pe ls omnlpresenL and Lhe whole unlverse ls pervaded by hlm
rlLhvl was anxlous Lo know wheLher naradas sermons had any effecL on rlyavraL and asked
Lord varaha regardlng Lhls Lord varaha replled rlyavraL was so lmpressed by naradas dlscourses LhaL
he rellnqulshed hls Lhrone and wenL Lo do penance afLer equally dlsLrlbuLlng hls
klngdom among hls sons ulLlmaLely he dld manage Lo aLLaln Lo Lhe abode of lord Srl Parl by Lhe
vlrLue of hls LoLal devoLlon
ASPvASPl8AS unlllCA1lCn Wl1P LC8u nA8A?An
rlLhvl asked lord varaha abouL Lhe famous lncldenL whlch descrlbed Ashvashlras unlflcaLlon
wlLh lord narayan Lord varaha Lhen narraLed Lhe followlng Lale uurlng anclenL Llmes Lhere
used Lo llve a vlrLuous klng named Ashvashlra Pe had performed an Ashwamedha ?agya ln
whlch he had donaLed large amounL of wealLh Cnce sage kaplla arrlved aL hls palace
acoompanled by sage !alglshavya klng Ashvashlra recelved boLh hls dlsLlngulshed guesLs wlLh
due honor AfLer Lhe formallLles were over he asked boLh hls guesLs abouL Lhe means by whlch
lord narayan could be pleased and also abouL Lhe rlLuals perLalnlng Lo Lhe worshlp of lord
narayan
8oLh Lhe sages belng enllghLened souls reallzed LhaL Ashvashlra was asklng Lhls quesLlon ouL of
hls lgnorance So Lhey declded Lo enllghLen hlm on Lhe omnlpresenL naLure of narayan and sald
WhaL do you mean by pleaslng narayan? CanL you see Lwo narayans sLandlng ln fronL of you?
8uL Ashvashlra was unamused and unconvlnced so he replled l donL deny LhaL boLh of you
possess supernaLural powers and also LhaL all your slns have desLroyed on accounL of Lhe vlrLues
aLLalned by dolng penance 8uL l donL belleve your clalm Lo be narayanLord narayan ls Lhe
almlghLy Cod and Lhe supreme delLy Pe holds a conch a chakra and a mace ln hls hands Pe
wears plLambar and has Caruda as hls mounL Pls glory ls lndescrlbable and lncomparable
As Asvashlra had ralsed valld polnLs sage kaplla Lransformed hls appearance wlLh Lhe help of
hls dlvlne powers Slmllarly sage !alglshavya Lransformed hls appearance and became Caruda
8uL Ashvashlra sLlll remalned unconvlnced and sald Pow can l accepL you Lo be narayan as
Lhere ls no slgn of loLus manlfesLlng from your navel ln whlch lord 8rahma has hls abode
Sage kaplla Lhen sllghLly Lransformed hls appearance and creaLed an llluslon whereby a loLus
flower emanaLlng from hls navel became vlslble Lo Ashvashlra Sage !alglshavya saL on LhaL loLus
flower ln Lhe gulse of lord 8rahma noL only LhaL Lhey also creaLed an llluslon due Lo whlch all
Lypes of llvlng creaLures lnslde Lhe palace premlse
now Ashvashlra was really confused and requesLed boLh Lhe sages Lo break Lhe maglc spell
8oLh Lhe sages declded noL Lo LesL Lhe llmlL of Ashvashlras paLlence and so Lhey Lrasformed Lhelr
respecLlve gulses lnLo Lhelr orlglnal appearances 8oLh of Lhem sald narayan ls one buL can
manlfesL hlmself ln counLless forms 1he whole unlverse ls Pls creaLlon and Pe ls presenL ln
every slngle creaLure lL ls lmposslble for a morLal belng Lo bear Lhe radlance of almlghLy
narayan and lL ls only when Pe appears ln hls more genLle form LhaL Lhe enllghLened person ls
able Lo see hlm 1herefore you should engage yourself ln Lhe servlce of manklnd conslderlng
each human belng Lo be Lhe medlum Lhrough whlch lord narayan manlfesLs hlmself
Ashvashlra was saLlsfled by Lhe explanaLlon glven by boLh Lhe sages buL Lhere was sLlll one
quesLlon boLherlng hlm a loL so he asked Who ls mosL llkely Lo aLLaln salvaLlon a
knowledgeable person or a person who lndulges ln rlghLful deeds? Sage kaplla narraLed Lhe followlng
Lale Cnce sage 8almya and klng vasu had asked Lhe same quesLlon Lo sage
8rlhaspaLl AL LhaL Llme 8rlhaspaLl had replled LhaL anybody who performed hls duLles wlLh a
sense of deLachmenL ls sure Lo aLLaln salvaLlon and Lo prove hls polnL he had narraLed Lhe
followlng Lale uurlng anclenL Llmes Lhere llved a brahmln named Sanyaman Pe was Lhe
descendanL of sage ALrl Cne day whlle he was golng Lo Lake hls baLh he meL nlshLhoora
fowler who used Lo caLch blrds and anlmals for hls llvlngs
Sanyaman reprlmanded nlshLhoor for hls evll deeds and sald Why do you Lrap lnnocenL blrds
and anlmals? nlshLhoor replled 1he almlghLy Cod ls presenL ln each llvlng creaLure Cne who ls
deslrous of aLLalnlng salvaLlon musL under no clrcumsLances allow hls ego Lo domlnaLe hlm 1he
doer ls noL Lhe man buL Lhe supreme AlmlghLy presenL ln hlm keeplng Lhls facL ln hls mlnd a
man should perform hls duLles wlLh nonchallance and a sense of deLachmenL lf l earn my
llvelyhood by caLchlng blrds and anlmals Lhen lL ls Lhe wlll of almlghLy 1o prove hls polnL Lhe
fowler spread hls lronneL and kepL dry blocks of wood underneaLh lL and Lhen requesLed
Sanyaman Lo lgnlLe Lhose blocks Sanyaman was surprlsed buL burnL Lhe woddenlogs as per Lhe
fowlers lnsLrucLlon ln a shorL Llme all Lhe woddenblocks became ablaze and Lhe flames sLarLes
comlng ouL from Lhe Lhousand of small holes of Lhe lronneL 1he fowler Lhen Lold Sanyaman LhaL
alLhough Lhe flames comlng from each hole appeared Lo have dlsLlncL sources yeL Lhe facL was
LhaL Lhe flames manlfesLed from Lhe slngle sourcewodden blocks LhaL were burnlng beneaLh Lhe
lronneL
1he fowler sald lL was lmposslble Lo exLlngulsh Lhe flre unLlll and unless Lhe source of Lhe flre
was exLlngulshed Lach hole of Lhe lronneL can be compared wlLh an lndlvldual and Lhe almlghLy
Cod wlLh Lhe source of flre A man does whaL Cod wllls and he can never experlence sorrow
provlded he consLanLly remembers Lhe AlmlghLy even whlle he ls performlng hls dally chores
Sanyaman was very much lmpressed by Lhe fowlers wlsdom Pavlng flnlshed hls Lale sage
8rlhaspaLl Lold 8almya now lL musL be evldenL Lo you LhaL salvaLlon ls wlLhln Lhe reach of any
lndlvldual lL does noL make much dlfference wheLher Lhe seeker of salvaLlon ls a householder or
a hermlL asplrlng for knowledge ConLlnulng wlLh Lhe sLory of Ashvashlra lord varaha Lold
rlLhvl klng Ashvashlra was so lmpressed by kapllas preachlngs LhaL he wenL Lo
nalmlsharanya and spenL hls resL of hls llfe ln Lhe servlce of lord narayan Cnce whlle he was
performlng yagya suddenly lord vlshnu manlfesLed hlmself from Lhe alLar ln Lhe form of a
brllllanL effulgence and Lhe ldenLlLy of Ashvashlra merged wlLh lL 1hls way Ashvashlra goL
unlLed wlLh lord vlshnu by Lhe vlrLue of hls deep devoLlon
klnC vASu Anu SACL 8AlM?A unl1L Wl1P S8l
PA8l
rlLhvl was anxlous Lo know abouL Lhe effecL sage 8rlhaspaLls dlscources had on klng vasu as
well as sage 8almya She asked lord varaha WhaL dld boLh klng vasu and sage 8almya do
afLer llsLenlng Lo Lhe preachlngs of sage 8rlhaspaLl?
Lord varaha replled klng vasu was so lmpressed by 8rlhaspaLls dlscources LhaL he declded Lo
spend Lhe resL of hls llfe ln Lhe servlce of lord narayan Pe appolnLed vlwasman hls eldesL son
as hls successor and lefL for ushkar LlrLh Pe engaged hlmself ln ausLere penance by chanLlng
pundarlkaksha sLoLra Cne day whlle vasu was chanLlng undarlkaksha sLoLra he experlenced
an amazlng lncldenL an enLlLy whose complexlon was blue manlfesLed from hls body and sLood
wlLh folded hands ln hls bewlldermenL klng vasu requesLed Lhe sLranger Lo lnLroduce hlmself
1he enLlLy narraLed Lhe followlng Lale Lo hlm
C klng you were Lhe ruler of !anasLhan ln your second prevlous blrLh Cnce whlle you had
gone deep lnLo Lhe foresL on a hunLlng spree you were dellghLed Lo flnd a deer whlch ln facL was
none oLher buL myself ln facL l had dlsgulsed myself as a deer and was wanderlng ln Lhe foresL
8elng obllvlous of Lhls facL you had kllled LhaL dear LaLer on when you reallzed your mlsLake
you cursed yourself for havlng kllled an lnnocenL brahmln 1o geL absolved of Lhls sln you had
observed a fasL on Lkadashl and had donaLed a cow Lo please lord narayan 8uL ln splLe of all
Lhese ausLerlLles you dld noL aLLaln llberaLlon because aL Lhe Llme of your deaLh you had chanLed
your wlfes name whose name was narayanl lnsLead of narayan 1hls blunder of yours had
sLopped you from aLLalnlng Lo vlshnu loka for one compleLe kalpa 8uL my revengeful soul
conLlnued Lo LorLure your soul Llll lL was drlven ouL by lord narayans escorLs lL was only Lhen
LhaL you were able Lo aLLaln Lo vlshnu loka
ln your nexL blrLh you were born as Lhe klng of kashmlr l dld noL spare you even ln LhaL blrLh and
possessed your body ?ou performed numerous yagyas Lo geL rld of me buL all your efforLs wenL ln valn
as you had noL chanLed Lhe holy name of lord vlshnu ln any of Lhe rlLuals LhaL you had performed 8uL
now l was forced Lo abandon your body slnce you have been consLanLly chanLlng Lhe sacrosancL
pundarlkaksha sLoLra l have also become absolved of all my sln by Lhe vlrLue of llsLenlng Lo Lhe
pundarlkaksha sLoLra
klng vasu expressed hls graLlLude Lo Lhe enLlLy for sheddlng llghL on hls prevlous blrLhs
Suddenly a dlvlne alrcrafL descended from Lhe heaven and klng vasu lefL for vlshnuloka
mounLed on lL Meanwhlle sage 8almya goL Lhe news of vasus ascenslon Lo heaven Lo
vlshnuloka he wanLed Lo emulaLe Lhe feaL of hls frlend Pe reached Caya and performed shradha
ln Lhe name of hls ancesLors Pe Lhen engaged hlmself ln an ausLere penance SanaLkumarone of
Lhe manaspuLras became very pleased by 8almyas penance and appeared before hlm Pe
compllmenLed 8almya for llberaLlng hls ancesLors by performlng shradha aL Caya Pe Lhen
descrlbed Lhe vlrLues of performlng shradha aL Caya and narraLed Lhe followlng Lale
1here llved a klng named vlshal who had no son Cne day he lnvlLed few brahmlns Lo hls
palace and asked Lhem how he could begeL a son All Lhe brahmlns revealed Lo hlm LhaL he dld
noL have son because of Lhe curse of hls ancesLors ?ou have noL performed Lhelr shradha so
Lhey are angry wlLh you and you can never begeL a son unless you performed shradha rlLuals aL
Caya vlshal wenL Lo Caya as per Lhe lnsLrucLlon of Lhe brahmlns Pe performed Lhe shradha
rlLuals and offered plndadan ln Lhe name of hls ancesLors Whlle he was sLlll performlng Lhe
rlLuals he was amazed Lo see Lhree men descendlng from Lhe sky one of Lhem was of falr
complexlon whlle Lhe remalnlng Lwo were of wheaLlsh and dark complexlon respecLlvely vlshal
curlously asked Lhem as Lo who Lhey were 1he falrcomplexloned person replled
l am your faLher slL 1he person wlLh wheaLlsh complexlon ls my faLher and Lhe Lhlrd person
amongsL us ls my grandfaLher My faLher had commlLLed grave slns whlle he was allve and
kllllng a brahmln was one Lhe gravesL sln he had commlLLed My grandfaLher was even worsL Lhan my
faLher and hls dark complexlon ls noLhlng as compared Lo hls grave slns Pe had kllled
numerous lnnocenL sages for no faulL of Lhelrs All Lhree of us have come Lo express our graLlLude
as we have become llberaLed from our slns by Lhe vlrLue of Lhe shradha rlLuals you have
performed 1he waLer whlch you had offered Lo us whlle performlng Lhe rlLuals have glven us Lhe
ablllLy Lo communlcaLe wlLh you even Lhough we are splrlLs
AfLer flnlshlng hls Lale SanaLkumar Lold sage 8almya LhaL Caya was supreme among all Lhe
places of pllgrlmage and Lhe vlrLues of performlng shradha over Lhere ls lncomparable Sage
8almya dedlcaLed resL of hls llfe Lo Lhe worshlp of lord Cadadhar AL lasL lord Cadadhar
appeared before hlm Sage 8almya requesLed Lhe lord Lo glve hlm a place ln hls abode whlch was
dwelled by sages llke Sanak and Sanandan Lord Cadadhar blessed hlm by saylng So be lL
1hls way sage 8almya aLLalned enllghLenmenL wlLh Lhe blesslngs of Lhe merclful lord Cadadhar
and ulLlmaLely aLLalned Lo Lhe dlvlne abode of lord vlshnu
MA1S?A AvA1A8
Cnce when lord vlshnu awakened from hls yoga nldra he found LhaL Lhe vedas had submerged
ln Lhe ocean as Lhe resulL of ralaya (deluge) Pe lncarnaLed as maLsya (flsh) Lo reLrleve Lhe vedas
from Lhe oceanbed As soon as lord MaLsya enLered lnLo Lhe ocean Pe aLLalned such an
enormous slze LhaL Lhe delLles became frlghLened
All Lhe delLles Lhen euloglzed lord MaLsya and requesLed hlm Lo regaln hls orlglnal form C
narayan Lhe lmpercelvable lord ?ou manlfesL yourself ln each and every parLlcle of Lhls
unlverse ?ou are omnlpresenL and exlsL even durlng Lhe Llme of deluge when noLhlng else exlsL
C Lord! We are scared of your presenL form
Cn seelng Lhe delLles frlghLened lord MaLsya reLrleved Lhe vedas from Lhe seabed and
Lransformed hls appearance from Lhe huge flsh Lo LhaL of lord vlshnu 1he delLles were fllled wlLh
[oy Lo see Lhe dlvlne appearance of lord vlshnu
klnC uu8!A?
uurlng SaLya ?uga Lhere llved a klng named SupraLeek AlLhough he had Lwo queens yeL none
of Lhem bore any son Lo hlm Cne day SupraLeek wenL Lo meeL sage uurvasa who had hls
hermlLage aL Lhe fooLhllls of ChlLrakuL mounLaln and engaged hlmself ln Lhe sevlce of uurvasa
1he sage blessed Lhe klng and propheslsed LhaL he would become a proud faLher of a mlghLy son
named uur[ay uurvasas prophesy came Lrue and SupraLeeks eldesL queen vldyuLprabha gave
blrLh Lo a son 1he chlld was named uur[ay ln course of Llme uur[ay grew up Lo become a
worLhy successor of SupraLeek SupraLeek declded Lo spend resL of hls llfe ln Lhe servlce of Cod
so he wenL Lo ChlLrakuL mounLaln Lo do penance
Mean whlle uur[ay belng an amblLlous klng expanded hls klngdom by sub[ugaLlng all Lhe
nelghbourlng sLaLes Pe conquered numerous mlghLy klngdoms and vanqulshed almosL all Lhe
promlnenL warrlor casLes llke gandharvas klnnars demons and even Lhe delLles lndra Lhe lord
of Lhe delLles was defeaLed by uur[ay and was forced Lo reLreaL Lowards easL of Sumeru mounLaln along
wlLh Lhe lokpals varlous lords proLecLlng dlfferenL reglons of Lhe unlverse 1he whole
world wenL lnLo Lurmoll as Lhe fallouL of lokpals power belng snaLched by uur[ay Whlle uur[ay
was reLurnlng Lo hls caplLal along wlLh hls vlcLorlous army he meL Lwo asuras vldyuL and
SuvldyuL who had dlgulsed Lhemselves as sages 8oLh Lhe lmpersonaLors requesLed uur[ay Lo
make some alLernaLlve arrangemenLs so LhaL Lhe world could funcLlon smooLhly ln reallLy boLh
of Lhem harboured wlshes of havlng Lhe powers of lokpals so Lhey offered Lhelr servlces ln Lhls
regard uur[ay belng unaware of Lhelr real ldenLlLy agreed Lo appolnL Lhem as lokpals and Lhen
proceeded Lowards hls caplLal Whlle he was passlng by Lhe Mandarachal mounLaln he saw Lwo
beauLlful women uur[ay was surprlsed Lo flnd Lhem aL such a deserLed place As he sLood Lhelr
wonderlng abouL Lhelr ldenLlLy he saw Lwo hermlLs approachlng hlm 8oLh Lhe hermlLs asked
uur[ay Who are you? WhaL ls Lhe purpose of your arrlval?
uur[ay lnLroduced hlmself and Lold Lhem LhaL he was on hls way Lo conquer Lhe whole world
now lL was Lhe Lurn of boLh Lhe sages Lo lnLroduce Lhemselves We are Lhe sons of
Swayambhuva Manu PeLu and racheLu We had successfully defeaLed Lhe delLles and drlven
Lhem ouL from Lhelr abode Sumeru mounLaln All Lhe delLles wenL Lo seek Lhe help of lord
vlshnu and were successful ln geLLlng hls assurance Lord vlshnu Lhen aLLacked us and
vanqulshed our army buL he spared our llves 1hen onwards we became ardenL devoLees of Lhe
merclful lord vlshnu
PeLu Lhen polnLlng Lowards one of Lhe women sald She ls my daughLer Sukeshl 1he oLher
woman you see ls my broLher racheLus daughLer and her name ls Mlshrakeshl lease accepL
boLh Lhese beauLlful as your wlvesuur[ay readlly agreed Lo marry boLh of Lhem as Lhey were
really very beauLlful Pe Lhen reLurned Lo hls caplLal
LveryLhlng was golng qulLe smooLhly for uur[ay when on one faLeful day he meL hls downfall
because of hls exLreme greed 1he lncldenL happened as follows Cnce uur[ay had gone lnLo Lhe
foresL on a hunLlng spree where he meL a sage named Caurmukh Caurmukh had been blessed by
lord vlshnu wlLh a dlvlne dlamond named ChlnLamanl whlch was capable of fulfllllng all
deslres Caurmukh gave a royal LreaLmenL Lo uur[ay wlLh Lhe help of wlshfulfllllng dlamond Pe
creaLed an llluslonary palace and offered varleLy dellcacles Lo hlm as well as hls whole army
uur[ay wanLed Lo have ChlnLamanl dlamond aL any cosL and Lherefore senL hls mlnlsLer vlrochan
Lo persuade Caurmukh Lo parL wlLh LhaL dlamond Caurmukh became furlous afLer comlng Lo
know abouL Lhe evll lnLenLlon of uur[ay and Lold vlrochan Lo ask uur[ay Lo leave aL once 8uL
Caurmukh knew qulLe well LhaL Lhe greedy uur[ay would noL glve up so easlly and would
deflnlLely Lry Lo acqulre ChlnLamanl by force So he requesLed ChlnLamanl dlamond Lo creaLe a
huge army
Meanwhlle uur[ay ordered hls chlefcommander named neel Lo brlng ChlnLamanl aL any cosL
neel proceeded wlLh a large number of soldlers A flerce baLLle Look place beLween boLh Lhe
armles ln whlch neel was kllled and hls army goL vanqulshed llnally uur[ay hlmself came
forward Lo flghL buL even he was defeaLed ln Lhe meanLlme PeLu and racheLu goL Lhe news LhaL
Lhelr sonlnlaw was ln Lrouble 8oLh of Lhem proceeded wlLh a huge army Lo help Lhelr sonlnlaw 8uL
Lhey were no maLch for Lhe mlghL of Lhelr adversary and boLh of Lhem evenLually dleed
ln Lhe ensulng baLLle Meanwhlle sage Caurmukh found uur[ay sLandlng aL Lhe enLrance of hls hermlLage
wlLh a small number
of survlvlng soldlers Pe soughL Lhe help of lord vlshnu who appeared wlLhln no Llme Caurmukh
requesLed hlm Lo punlsh uur[ay for hls evll lnLenLlon Lord vlshnu severed uur[ays head wlLh hls
Sudarshan chakra 1he place where uur[ay was kllled laLer on became famous as nalmlsharanya Sage
Caurmukh conLlnued Lo llve aL nalmlsharanya wlLhouL any problem
SP8AuPA 8l1uALS
l18AS Anu 1PL SlCnlllCAnCL Cl SP8AuPA
Cnce sage Markandeya arrlved aL nalmlsharanya Lo see sage Caurmukh Sage Caurmukh was
dellghLed Lo flnd such an enllghLened soul aL hls hermlLage AfLer Lhe formallLles were over
Caurmukh requesLed hlm Lo shed llghL on Lhe venerablllLy of ancesLors and Lhe slgnlflcance of
shradha rlLuals
Sage Markandeya replled Lord 8rahma afLer havlng creaLed Lhe sapLa rlshls lnsLrucLed Lhem Lo
worshlp hlm (Lord 8rahma) buL Lhey became so arroganL LhaL Lhey sLarLed Lo worshlp Lhemselves
Lord 8rahma felL lnsulLed and so he cursed Lhem of becomlng berefL of all Lhe knowledge ln
course of Llme Lhe sapLa rlshls had numerous sons AfLer Lhe deaLh of Lhe sapLa rlshls all Lhe sons
performed shradha so LhaL Lhelr souls could resL ln peace 1he sapLa rlshls were also famously
known as valmanlk because Lhey had manlfesLed from Lhe mlnd of 8rahma
Sage Caurmukh was llsLenlng Lo Markandeyas uLLerances wlLh rapL aLLenLlon Pe asked abouL Lhe
mosL approprlaLe Llme for performlng shradha and also abouL Lhe number of ganas each of Lhe
plLras were supposed Lo have Sage Markandeya replled lLras llvlng ln Lhe heaven are known
as somap plLras are belleved Lo be Lhe mosL prlvlleged ones among all Lhe plLras 1hey en[oy Lhe
mosL dellclous beveragesomaras 1helr llfespan exLends for Lhe full perlod of kalpa and Lhey
worshlp maruLas Sage Marlch belongs Lo Lhls caLegory of plLras
lLras belonglng Lo Lhe caLegory of valra[ are revered even by Lhe maruLganas Sanak comes
under Lhls caLegoLy of plLras Lach of Lhese plLras have seven ganas Slmllarly plLras known as
bhaswar have Lhelr abode ln Lhe world called sanLanak 1hese plLras are revered even by Lhe
delLles as all of Lhem are brahma vadls (one who has reallzed 8rahma) 1hey remanlfesL
Lhemselves afLer every hundred yugas eople belonglng Lo any casLe can worshlp Lhe revered
plLras wlLh an approprlaLely modlfled rlLuals and obvlously wlLh Lhe permlsslon of Lhe brahmln
Some of Lhe promlnenL plLras are vasu kashyapa Marlchl Sanak eLc
1PL A8C8lA1L 1lML lC8 L8lC8MlnC
SP8AuPA
uescrlblng Lhe ausplclous Llme for performlng Lhe rlLuals of shradha Markandeya Lold
Curumukh A person deslrous of performlng Lhe rlLuals of kamya shradha can do so on any of
Lhe followlng days a) aL Lhe commencemenL of uLLarayan or uakshalnayan b) aL Lhe Llme when
vyaLlpaL yoga Lakes place c) aL Lhe Llme when vlshu yoga occurs d) durlng boLh solar and lunar
ecllpses e) lf Lroubled by Lhe evll lnfluences of a consLellaLlon or a planeL f) lf Lroubled by
nlghLmares g) aL Lhe Llme when Lhe Sun changes lLs poslLlon from one zodlac Lo anoLher 1he varlous
nakshaLras llke Anuradhavlshakha and ShwaLl are consldered Lo be very ausplclous
for performlng shradha especlally lf Lhe day happens Lo be amavasya Shradha performed on
such a day paclfles Lhe ancesLors soul for elghL years Slmllarly Lhe comblnaLlon of amavasya
wlLh elLher pushya nakshaLra or punarvasu nakshaLra ls belleved Lo paclfy Lhe ancsLors soul for
Lwelve years Some oLher days whlch are consldered Lo be very ausplclous for performlng
shradha are Lhe Lhlrd day of Lhe brlghL half of Lhe Plndu monLh valshakh Lhe nlneLh day of Lhe
brlghL half of Lhe Plndu monLh karLlk Lhe LhlrLeenLh day of Lhe dark half of Lhe Plndu monLh
8hadrapad and amavasya falllng ln Lhe Plndu monLh of Magh A man deslrous of performlng
shradha can do so on any of Lhe above menLloned days Pe should Lake baLh ln a holy rlver and
offer Larpan (llbaLlon) Lo hls ancesLors
SP8AuPA kALA
uescrlblng Lhe Lypes of 8rahmln consldered Lo be elllglble Lo preslde over Lhe rlLuals of shradha
Markandeya Lold sage Caurmukh 1he followlng Lypes of brahmln are can perform shradhaLrlnachlkeL
Lrlmadhu Lrlsuparna and Lhe brahmlns who are well versed ln all Lhe vedas 1he
shradha rlLuals can be performed by any of Lhe followlng relaLlves of Lhe deceased aparL from hls
sonmaLernal nephew grandson (daughLers son) faLherlnlaw sonlnlaw maLernal uncle eLc
Slmllarly Lhe followlng Lypes of brahmln should never be lnvlLed aL Lhe shradha aL Lhe shradha
ceremony a decelLful or a wlcked brahmln a brahmln who ls a hablLual backblLer or who ls
accused of LhefL a brahmln who has marrled a shudra woman and a brahmln who earns hls
llvellhood by worklng as a prlesL
PCW 1C lnvl1L 88APMlnS 1C SP8AuPA
CL8LMCn?
lnvlLaLlon should be glven Lo Lhe all Lhe brahmlns one day ln advance lf lnvlLed brahmlns arrlve
Lo aLLend Lhe shradha ceremony Lhey should be LreaLed wlLh due respecL 1he brahmln who ls
supposed Lo perform Lhe rlLuals should wash Lhe feeL of oLher brahmlns Lo show hls respecL
Lowards Lhem Pe should Lhen help Lhem perform achaman (rlnslng of mouLh) llnally Lhe
lnvlLed brahmlns should be fed afLer Lhe rlLuals have been compleLed As far as Lhe number of
lnvlLed brahmlns Lo Lhe shradha ceremony of Lhe ancesLors ls concerned Lhe scrlpLures have
sLrlcLly puL lL Lo odd numbersone Lhree flve eLc Slmllarly Lhe number of lnvlLed brahmlns for
Lhe shradha of Lhe delLles ls concerned Lhe number has been puL Lo even number Lwo four eLc
8uL lf Lhe person flnds lL dlfflculL Lo lnvlLe Lhe above number of brahmlns Lhen he can lnvlLe only
one brahmln for boLh Lhe Lypes of shradha Whlle performlng Lhe shradha of maLernal grandfaLher
lL ls mandaLory Lo perform Lhe shradha of valshyadeva slmulLaneously ln Lhe shradha ceremony
relaLed wlLh Lhe delLles Lhe brahmlns should always have Lhelr food faclng easL Cn Lhe conLrary
ln Lhe shradha ceremony of Lhe ancesLors Lhe brahmlns should have Lhelr food faclng norLh
1?LS Cl SP8AuPA Anu MAn18A
A person performlng Lhe shradha rlLuals should have hls seaL made of kusha grass AfLer Laklng
hls seaL he should lnvoke Lhe delLles and make offerlngs of ardhya Lo Lhem Whlle offerlng ardhya Lo
Lhe delLles waLer and barley are commonly used along wlLh oLher arLlcles llke
sandalwood lncense eLc uurlng Lhe enLlre course of shradha rlLuals sacred Lhread should be
worn ln an lnverse poslLlon across Lhe rlghL shoulder and noL across Lhe lefL shoulder as lL ls
normally worn Whlle performlng Lhe shradha of ancesLors offerlngs of arLlcles llke sesame
seeds waLer and kusha grass are normally made
lL ls cusLomary Lo scaLLer sesame seeds near Lhe place where brahmlns are havlng food ln Lhe
shradha ceremony 1he performer of Lhe shradha rlLuals should lmaglne LhaL Lhe food parLaken by
Lhem are acLually saLlaLlng Lhe ancesLors 1he chanLlng of 8akshodhna manLra ls a musL
1PL 8l1uALS Cl lnuA uAn Anu 8ALlvAlSPvA
uLvA
Cne lmporLanL characLerlsLlc of Lhe rlLuals connecLed wlLh plnda dan ls Lhe offerlngs made Lo
manes ln Lhe form of sesame seeds and waLer AnoLher lmporLanL aspecL ls LhaL plnda ls offered
on Lhe kusha grass whlch are kepL faclng souLh flrsL ln Lhe name of ones dead faLher and Lhen ln
Lhe name of ones grandfaLher and oLher ancesLors
1he performance of 8allvalshva deva rlLuals mark Lhe end of shradha ceremony afLer whlch Lhe
person should slL down along wlLh all Lhe lnvlLed guesLs Lo have hls food AncesLors become
saLlsfled lf shradha ls performed ln Lhelr names and all Lhe deslres of such a man are fulfllled
1hree Lhlngs have greaL lmporLance ln shradha rlLuals black sesame seeds Lhe ausplclous
muhurLa named kuLup and grandson (daughLers son) uonaLlng sllver ls consldered Lo be
exLremely ausplclous A person performlng Lhe shradha rlLuals should noL venLure ouL of hls
house Llll Lhe compleLlon of Lhe enLlre ceremony
1PL MAnllLS1A1lCn Cl vA8lCuS uLl1lLS
uurlng 1reLa ?uga Lhere llved a klng named ra[apal Cnce whlle he was on hls hunLlng spree
he enLered lnLo a dense foresL Pe was dellghLed Lo see a dear who sLarLed runnlng for lLs llfe afLer
hearlng Lhe nolse ra[apal leL hls horse loose ln Lhe dlrecLlon of Lhe runnlng dear Sage MahaLapa
had hls hermlLage ln LhaL foresL Whlle chaslng LhaL dear ra[apal arrlved aL Lhe hermlLage of
MahaLapa 8elng curlous he enLered Lhe hermlLage and saw sage MahaLapa 1he sage LreaLed hls
guesL wlLh all Lhe respecL and offered hlm frulLs Lo eaL AfLer Lhe formallLles were over ra[apal
requesLed MahaLapa Lo descrlbe Lhe approprlaLe way of conLemplaLlng on Lhe varlous forms of
lord narayan whlch gave salvaLlon Lo a man Sage MahaLapa replled 1he vedas proclalm LhaL
all Lhe delLles owe Lhelr exlsLence Lo lord vlshnu Agnl Ashwlnl kumars Caurl Ca[anan
Sheshnag karLlkeya AdlLya Canas uurga all Lhe 64 maLrlkas kubera vayu ?ama 8udra
Chandrama lLra Canas eLc have orlglnaLed from lord Srl Parl All Lhe delLles alLhough
appearlng Lo Lo have dlsLlncL ldenLlLy are ln facL lnseparable from lord vlshnu
ACnlWhen Agnl manlfesLed hlmself from 8rahmas anger he requesLed hlm (8rahma) Lo asslgn an
ausplclous day Lo hlm for hls worshlp Lord 8rahma sald Slnce you have manlfesLed flrsL of all
Lhe delLles Lherefore Lhe flrsL day (praLlpada) wlll be reserved for your worshlp Cne who
performs havan on praLlpada would be blessed
ASPWlnl kuMA8S
klng ra[apal requesLed MahaLapa Lo descrlbe how boLh Lhe Ashwlnl kumars manlfesLed
Lhemselves Sage MahaLapa narraLed Lhe followlng Lale Marlchl was Lord 8rahmas son whlle
kashyapa was Marlchls son All Lhe Lwelve AdlLyas are Lhe sons of sage kashyapa Cne of Lhe
AdlLyas MarLand was marrlrd Lo vlshwakarmas daughLer whose name was Sangya MarLand
had Lwo chlldren from her and Lhelr names were ?ama and ?aml 8elng unable Lo bear Lhe
exLreme radlance of MarLand Sangya creaLed her shadow ldenLlLy and afLer lnsLrucLlng her Lo
serve her husband (MarLand) ln besL posslble ways she herself wenL Lo llve aL uLLarkuru LaLer
on when MarLand came Lo know abouL Lhe reallLy he wenL Lo uLLarkuru and found Sangya ln Lhe
form of a mare Pe Lhen changed hls own form and became a horse 8oLh of Lhem sLayed Lhere
for a long Llme ln course of Llme Sangya gave blrLh Lo Lwo sons who became famous as Ashwlnl
kumars
MarLand lnsLrucLed boLh hls sons Lo please lord 8rahma wlLh Lhelr devoLlon 8oLh of Lhem
engaged Lhemselves ln ausLere penance llnally lord 8rahma appeared and blessed boLh of Lhem
by saylng ?our goodlooks and knowledge of ayurveda wlll be unmaLched ln Lhe world lL was
dwlLlya (second day) when lord 8rahma had blessed boLh Lhe Ashwlnl kumars 1hls ls Lhe
reason why Lhls parLlcular day ls Lhe reason why Lhls parLlcular day ls deeply aLLached wlLh Lhe
worshlp of Ashwlnl kumars
CCuuLSS A8vA1l
klng ra[apal asked MahaLapa abouL Lhe reason why goddess Caurl Lhe eplLheL of power had Lo
Lake lncaranaLlon Sage MahaLapa replled Coddess Caurl manlfesLed from lord narayan and
was offered Lo 8udra as hls consorL by lord 8rahma Lord 8rahma Lhen lnsLrucLed 8rahma Lo
begln creaLlon buL 8udra belng free from all klnds of worldly aLLachmenL refused Lo obllge lord
8rahma and engaged hlmself ln ausLere penance Coddess Caurl Lhen merged her ldenLlLy wlLh
8rahma who laLer on creaLed hls seven manaspuLras ln course of Llme Caurl was born as Lhe
daughLer of uaksha ra[apaLl and hence came Lo be known as uakshayanl
Cnce uaksha ra[apaLl organlsed a grand yagya ln whlch all Lhe seven manaspuLras were
asslgned speclflc responslblllLles Meanwhlle 8udra came ouL from hls medlLaLlon and was
exLremely furlous Lo see Lhe earLh occupled by counLless creaLures Pe LhoughL 8rahma had
requesLed me Lo creaLe Lhen who ls responslble for all Lhese creaLlon? Who has dared Lo
Lransgress my auLhorlLy? As 8udra sLood wonderlng suddenly he heard Lhe sound of Lhe manLras
belng chanLed aL Lhe yagya performed by uaksha now 8udras fury crossed all llmlLs resulLlng
lnLo Lhe emergence of numerous splrlLs and ghosLs from hls ears Pe Lhen wenL Lo Lhe oblaLlonslLe
accompanled by Lhe ghosLs and sLarLed desLroylng lL Lord vlshnu Lrled Lo proLesL as a resulL
of whlch a flerce baLLle was foughL beLween boLh of Lhem lL was only on lord 8rahmas lnLervenLlon
LhaL boLh of Lhem sLopped flghLlng Lord 8rahma sald lrom now onwards 8udra
would become famous as Par whlle vlshnu would be known as Parl Pe Lhen dlrecLed Lhe
delLles Lo euloglze 8udra and glve hls due share of Lhe yagya belng performed by uaksha
ra[apaLl
8udra became pleased by delLless eulogy and blessed Lhem 1hls way uaksha ra[apaLl was able
Lo accompllsh hls yagya wlLh Lhe blesslngs of 8udra ln course of Llme 8udra marrled Caurl Lhe
daughLer of uaksha ra[apaLl Cnce Caurl wenL Lo her faLhers place Lo aLLend a yagya ceremony
agalnsL Lhe wlsh of her husband Cn seelng her uaksha ra[apaLl sLarLed curslng 8udra Caurl
was so enraged by her faLhers aLLlLude LhaL she gave up her llfe by [umplng lnLo Lhe sacrlflclal
flre meanL for Lhe yagya LaLer on she Look reblrLh as arvaLl Lhe daughLer of Plmalaya arvaLl
dld an ausLere penance Lo geL Shlva as her husband ulLlmaLely her deslre was fulfllled and she
became Lhe consorL of lord Shlva
1he LlLhl of LrlLlya ls very deeply aLLached wlLh Lhe worshlp of goddess arvaLl because all Lhe
lmporLanL evenLs of her llfe (blrLh marrlage eLc) Look place on Lhls day 1hls ls Lhe reason why
LrlLlya ls aLLrlbuLed Lo Lhe worshlp of goddess arvaLl A woman who observes a fasL on Lhls day
en[oys a bllssful marrled llfe Cne lmporLanL rlLual relaLed wlLh Lhe ausLerlLy of LrlLlya ls avoldlng
Lhe usage of salL on Lhls day
LC8u CAnAA1l
klng ra[apal Lhen asked sage MahaLapa abouL Lhe manlfesLaLlon of lord CanapaLl and abouL Lhe
slgnlflcance of chaLurLhl ln Lerms of CanapaLls worshlp MahaLapa narraLed Lhe followlng Lale
Cnce all Lhe delLles wenL Lo seek Shlvas help ln sorLlng ouL a pecullar problem Lhey were faced
wlLh whlle Lhey experlenced all sorLs of hurdles and problems ln Lhelr work resulLlng lnLo
repeaLed fallures ln Lhelr work Lhe demons on Lhe conLrary accompllshed all Lhelr work
successfully wlLhouL any problem When lord Shlva learnL abouL Lhelr problem he bursL lnLo
laughLer Pardly had he sLopped laughlng Lhan a radlanL adolescenL manlfesLed hlmself from hls
opened mouLh 1he chlld was so dlvlnely charmlng LhaL arvaLl who was slLLlng beslde Shlva
looked aL hlm wlLhouL dropplng her eyellds When Shlva found her sLarlng aL Lhe chlld he became
[ealous !ealousy Lransformed lnLo anger and Shlva cursed Lhe chlld lrom now onwards your
face wlll resemble an elephanL and your belly wlll become large as a poL ln Lhe name of
yagyopavlL you would have noLhlng buL a snake hanglng across your shoulder
1he chlld was none oLher Lhan Canesh Lord Shlvas anger dld noL subslde even afLer havlng
cursed Canesh Pe was sLlll Lrembllng ln anger and was sweaLlng profusely numerous Caneshas
manlfesLed Lhemselves from Lhose sweaLdrops and each of Lhem had a head of an elephanL as
well as a large belly Suddenly lord 8rahma appeared and requesLed lord Shlva by saylng ?ou
should make Lhls dlvlne chlld who has manlfesLed from your mouLh Lhe lord of all Lhese
vlnayakas 1hus lord Shlva made Canesh Lhe lord of all Lhe vlnayakas and blessed hlm ?ou
wlll be Lhe flrsL delLy Lo geL worshlpped ln any rlLual
ChaLurLhl has deep assoclaLlon wlLh Lhe worshlp of lord Canesh as lL was on Lhls very day LhaL he
had manlfesLed hlmself Pavlng prasad prepared from sesame seeds and worshlpplng lord Canesh on
Lhls day ls belleved Lo brlng greaL ausplclousness A devoLee who worshlps lord
Canesh on chaLurLhl never experlences any klnd of obsLacle ln hls work
nAC uLv1A
klng ra[apal Lhen requesLed MahaLapa Lo shed llghL on Lhe orlgln of Lhe serpenLs and Lhe
slgnlflcance of panchaml Sage MahaLapa replled 1he serpenLs came from Lhe llneage of
kadrukashyapas wlfe Sage kashyapa had numerous progeny from kadruvasukl AnanL
kambal karkoLak adma Mahapadma Shankh kullk eLc When all Lhese serpenLs sLarLed
LormenLlng humanbelngs lord 8rahma cursed Lhem LhaL Lhey would be annlhllaLed durlng
swayambhuva manvanLar due Lo Lhe curse of Lhelr own moLher
1he serpenLs became Lerrlfled and promlsed Lo mend Lhelr ways 1hey Lhen requesLed lord
8rahma Lo glve Lhem a place Lo llve ln Lord 8rahma lnsLrucLed Lhem Lo go Lo Lhree dlfferenL
neLherworlds SuLal vlLal and aLal Pe also warned Lhem LhaL durlng valvaswaL manvanLar
!anme[ay would perform a grand yagya wlLh Lhe ob[ecLlve of desLroylng Lhe wlcked serpenLs buL
Lhe vlrLuous among Lhem would manage Lo survlve 1hls parLlcular lncldenL had occured on
panchaml and hence lL became Lhe desLroyer of all slns A devoLee who worshlps nag (serpenL)
on Lhls day and offers mllk wlll never be Lroubled by Lhem
kA81lkL?A
uescrlblng karLlkeyas manlfesLaLlon and how hls worshlp goL assoclaLed wlLh Lhe ausplclous day
of shashLhl sage MahaLapa Lold klng ra[apal Cnce a flerce baLLle was beLween Lhe delLles and
demons ln whlch Lhe delLles goL defeaLed 1he reason behlnd Lhelr defeaL was Lhe absence was Lhe
absence of an able commander who could lead Lhem 1he delLles wenL Lo seek Lhe help of lord
8rahma 8elng unable Lo solve Lhelr problem lord 8rahma Look Lhe delLles Lo lord Shlva
Lord Shlva lnvoked ShakLl presenL wlLhln hls body and Lhus manlfesLed lord karLlkeya Pe was
named afLer Lhe slx krlLlkas who had nurLured hlm by feedlng Lhelr breasL mllk Lord Shlva Lhen
made karLlkeya Lhe commander of Lhe delLles on Lhe ausplclous day of shashLhl under hls able
leadershlp Lhe delLles flnally managed Lo defeaL Lhe demons
A devoLee who worshlps lord karLlkeya on shashLhl en[oys prosperlLy and geLs all hls deslre
fulfllled A chlldless couple musL worshlp on Lhls ausplclous day Lo geL blessed wlLh a son
LC8u Aul1?A
klng ra[apal asked MahaLapa 1he LhoughL of dlvlne radlance Laklng Lhe form of human
radlance bewllders me lease clear my doubLs
Sage MahaLapa replled When Lhe almlghLy Cod wllled Lo manlfesL hlmself ln oLher Langlble
forms an effulgence emanaLed from hls belng resulLlng lnLo Lhe creaLlon of Surya (1he Sun)
1he whole world became lllumlned wlLh Suryas radlance and all Lhe delLles dwelllng wlLhln Lhe
body of AlmlghLy Cod expressed Lhelr graLlLude lnlLlally unbearable heaL emanaLed from Surya
causlng greaL uncomforL Lo Lhe delLles buL laLer on AlmlghLy Cod reduced lL Lo bearable
llmlL aL Lhe requesL of Lhe delLles Surya had manlfesLed hlmself on Lhe ausplclous day of sapLaml
hence Lhls parLlcular day became deeply assoclaLed wlLh Lhe worshlp of Surya
ASP1A MA18lkAS
ConLlnulng wlLh hls narraLlon sage MahaLapa sald uurlng anclenL Llmes Lhere llved a mlghLy
demon named Andhakasur Andhakasur had become arroganL because of a boon of lmmorLallLy
recelved from lord 8rahma 8elng LormenLed by Andhakasur all Lhe delLles wenL Lo seek lord
8rahmas help Lord 8rahma Look Lhe delLles Lo lord Shlva who agreed Lo klll Lhe wlcked
demonAndhakasur
1he baLLle commenced and a flerce dual flghL broke ouL beLween Lord Shlva and Andhakasur
Shlva aLLacked Andhakasur wlLh hls LrldenL SLream of blood oozed ouL from Lhe wound buL Lo
Shlvas uLLer amazemenL each drop of blood falllng on Lhe ground resulLed ln lnLo Lhe creaLlon of
numerous Andhakasuras ln a shorL Llme Lhe baLLlefleld was overcrowded wlLh counLless
Andhakasuras now Shlvas anger crossed all llmlLs and he Lhundered loudly llames emanaLed
from Lhe mouLh of enraged Shlva resulLlng lnLo Lhe manlfesLaLlon of goddess ?oglshwarl
Slmllarly seven more goddesses manlfesLed Lhemselves from dlfferenL delLles valshnavl from
lord vlshnu 8rahml from lord 8rahma kaumarl from karLlkeya Mahendrl from lndra ?aml
from ?ama varahal from lord varaha and Maheshwarl from lord narayan All Lhese elghL
goddesses came Lo be known as MaLrlkas and lord asslgned Lhem Lhe ausplclous day for Lhelr
worshlp A devoLee who worshlps Lhese elghL maLrlkas on ashLaml ls blessed 1he use of bael
(woodapple) frulL on Lhls day has greaL slgnlflcance
CCuuLSS uu8CA
klng ra[apal requesLed sage MahaLapa Lo narraLe abouL Lhe manlfesLaLlon of goddess uurga and
Lhe slgnlflcance of her worshlp on navaml Sage MahaLapa replled 1he mlghLy demonveLrasur
had drlven ouL delLles from Lhe heaven All Lhe delLles wenL Lo lord 8rahma and soughL hls help
As lord 8rahma was wonderlng abouL hls furLher course of acLlon suddenly goddess uurga
appeared from nowhere She held varlous weapons ln each of her elghL arms and was mounLed
on a feroclous llon Lord 8rahma was relleved as he was confldenL LhaL Coddess uurga would
cerLalnly klll vreLasur llnally goddess uurga lndeed kllled Lhe dreaded demon wlLhouL much
dlfflculLy LaLer on all Lhe delLles requesLed her Lo make Plmalaya mounLaln as her abode Lo
whlch she agreed 1hls parLlcular place ln course of Llme became famous as nandadevl Cne
who worshlps goddess uurga on Lhe ausplclous day of navaml geLs her blesslngs
uASP ulSPAS
Pavlng flnlshed Lhe Lale of goddess uurga sage MahaLapa revealed how all Lhe slx dlrecLlons
came lnLo exlsLence Slx dlvlne women manlfesLed Lhemselves from boLh Lhe ears of lord
8rahma durlng Lhe lnlLlal phase of creaLlon 1he name of Lhese slx dlvlne women were urva
(easL) uakshalna (souLh) aschlma (wesL) uLLara (norLh) urdhva (upwards) and Adhara
(downwards) ln course of Llme all of Lhem goL marrled Lo slx dlfferenL Lokpals Lord 8rahma asslgned
Lhe ausplclous day of dashaml for Lhelr worshlp Cne who worshlps all Lhese slx
goddesses on Lhe ausplclous day of dashaml ls blessed and one who observes fasL on Lhls day
geLs absolved of all hls slns
ku8L8A
ConLlnulng wlLh Lhe Lales of Lhe manlfesLaLlon of varlous delLles sage MahaLapa sald ln Lhe
process of dolng hls creaLlon lord 8rahma bellowed as a resulL of whlch kubera manlfesLed
hlmself Lord 8rahma asslgned kubera Lhe lordshlp of all Lhe wealLh and prosperlLy lL was
ekadashl when kubera had manlfesLed hlmself so Lhls parLlcular day has deep assoclaLlon wlLh
hls worshlp Cne who observes a fasL on Lhe ausplclous day of ekadashl never llves ln poverLy
LC8u vlSPnu
uescrlblng how lord vlshnu manlfesLed sage MahaLapa Lold ra[apal narayan Lhe almlghLy
Cod lncarnaLed as lord vlshnu Lo nurLure all Lhe llvlng creaLures lnhablLlng Lhe world LvenLually
lord vlshnu enLrusLed Lhe [ob of worlds welfare Lo goddess ?oganldra and hlmself wenL lnLo hls
medlLaLlve sleep Whlle he was sLlll ln hls medlLaLlve sleep a loLus flower emanaLed from hls
navel Lord 8rahma was seaLed on LhaL loLus flower
1he almlghLy Cod was dellghLed Lo see hlmself ln Lhe lncarnaLlon of vlshnu Pe blessed vlshnu
by saylng May you desLroy all klnd of lgnorance wlLh Lhe help of your sword Pold Lhls chakra l
am glvlng you Lo sever Lhe evll lnfluences of kalchakra (wheel of Llme) May all Lhe slns be
desLroyed by your mace May Lhe delLyvayu adorn your hand ln Lhe form of a conch and
val[yanLl mala ln your neck May Lhe Sun and Moon adorn your person ln Lhe form of SrlvaLsa
and kausLubh dlamonds May Caruda be your mounL and goddess Lakshml your consorL May
people deslrous of salvaLlon worshlp you on Lhe ausplclous day of dwadashl Cne who worshlp
you on Lhls day wlll deflnlLely aLLaln Lo Lhe heaven
uPA8MA
Sage MahaLapa Lhen Lold klng Mahapal abouL Lhe manlfesLaLlon of uharma and Lhe slgnlflcance
of Lrayodashl uharma manlfesLed hlmself from Lhe rlghL parL of almlghLy Cod and appeared llke
a bullock 1he almlghLy Cod lnsLrucLed hlm Lo proLecL Lhe manklnd from all evlls and slns All
Lhe four feeL of uharma slgnlfled four varlous vlrLues LruLh purlLy penance and charlLy ln SaLya
?uga uharma was four fooLed all Lhe four vlrLues were prevalenL durlng LhaL era ln 1reLa ?uga
Lhe feeL of uharma reduced Lo Lhree 1he subsequenL eras of uwapar ?uga and kall ?uga saw
Lhe furLher decllne ln vlrLuoslLy ln whlch uharma had Lwo feeL and one fooL respecLlvely
Cnce a flerce baLLle was foughL beLween Lhe delLles and demons 1he bone of conLenLlon was a
woman for whom boLh Lhe slde made clalms uharma lnLervened and solved Lhe conLenLlous
lssue Lo Lhe saLlsfacLlon of boLh Lhe warrlng sldes Lord 8rahma was very lmpressed by Lhe
defLness wlLh whlch uharma had handled such a Lough slLuaLlon and blessed hlm by saylng l am
asslgnlng Lhe ausplclous day of Lryodashl Lo you Cne who observes a fasL and worshlp you on
Lhls day wlll be llberaLed from all hls slns LC8u 8uu8A
Sage MahaLapa Lhen wenL on Lo descrlbe Lhe lncldenL LhaL led Lo Lhe manlfesLaLlon of lord 8udra
and Lhe slgnlflcance of chaLurdashl ln Lhe beglnnlng of creaLlon when lord 8rahma falled ln hls
repeaLed aLLempLs Lo creaLe he became frusLraLed lrusLraLlon Lurned lnLo fury and from hls fury
manlfesLed a dlvlne enLlLy who crled lncessanLly Lord 8rahma Lrled Lo sLop hlm from crylng and
sald Lvam ma rud (donL cry) 1hls ls how lord 8udra goL hls name Lord 8rahma Lhen requesLed
8udra Lo commence creaLlon buL slnce 8udra lacked Lhe power needed for dolng creaLlon
Lherefore he refused and wenL Lo do penance LaLer on lord 8rahma creaLed hls manaspuLras and
oLher llvlng creaLures uaksha ra[apaLl was one of Lhese manaspuLras Cnce he had organlsed a
grand yagya ln whlch all Lhe delLles and even Lhe demons had been lnvlLed
Meanwhlle 8udras penance was dlsLurbed by Lhe consLanL chanLlng of Lhe manLras aL Lhe yagya
performed by uaksha ra[apaLl 8udra was lnfurlaLed resulLlng lnLo Lhe emanaLlon of flames from
hls mouLh LvenLually Lhese flreballs goL Lransformed lnLo feroclous splrlLs and ghosLs 8udra
Lhen reached Lhe place where Lhe yagya was belng performed and wlLh Lhe help of all Lhe splrlLs
and ghosLs sLarLed desLoylng Lhe oblaLlon slLe lL was only afLer lord 8rahmas lnLervenLlon LhaL
8udra calmed down All Lhe delLles Lhen euloglzed 8udra and soughL hls blesslngs Cne who
worshlps lord 8udra on Lhe ausplclous day of chaLurdashl becomes absolved of all hls slns
1AnMA18AS
uescrlblng Lhe lmporLance of amavasya sage MahaLapa Lold ra[apal Cnce whlle lord 8rahma
was [usL abouL Lo commence Lhe process of creaLlon suddenly LanmaLras (subLle forms of maLLer)
revealed Lhemselves from hls mlnd All of Lhem belng exLremely vlrLuous were eager Lo go up ln
Lhe sky Lo do penance because lord 8rahma requesLed Lhem Lo become Lhe plLras (ancesLors) of
Lhe human belngs All Lhe LanmaLras Lhen requesLed 8rahma Lo make arrangemenL for Lhelr
susLenance Lord 8rahma blessed Lhem by saylng l asslgn Lo you Lhe ausplclous day of
amavasya Anybody who performs Lhe rlLuals of Larpan (llbaLlon) on Lhls day would become
absolved of hls slns ?ou would susLaln yourselves on varlous Lhlngs llke waLer sesame seeds
and kusha grass whlch are offered by human belngs Lo Lhelr ancesLors on Lhls day
CPAnu8AMA
uescrlblng Lhe lmporLance of purnlma sage MahaLapa sald uaksha ra[apaLl had cursed
Chandrama hls sonlnlaw for malLreaLlng hls daughLers As Lhe fallouL of LhaL curse Chandrama
sLarLed wanlng day by day and evenLually became lnvlslble on amavasya All Lhe delLles became
worrled and wenL Lo seek lord vlshnus help Lord vlshnu advlsed Lhem Lo geL Lhe ocean
churned Whlle Lhe ocean was belng churned Chandrama once agaln manlfesLed hlmself from
Lhe ocean Lord 8rahma Lhen asslgned Lhe ausplclous day of purnlma Lo hlm and blessed hlm A
devoLee should observe a fasL on purnlma and worshlp Chandrama for Lhe aLLalnmenL of
kowledge prosperlLy aswell as salvaLlon
AuS1L8l1lLS ASSCClA1Lu Wl1P LC8u vlSPnuS lnCA8nA1lCnSMA1S?AuWAuASPl v8A1A
MaLsyadwadashl ls celebraLed on Lhe LwelfLh day of Plndu monLhMargashlrsh Cn Lhls ausplclous day
a
devoLee should worshlp lord MaLsya Lhe lncarnaLlon of lord vlshnu wlLh approprlaLe rlLuals and glve
charlLy Lo brahmlns rlLhvl was Lhe flrsL one Lo observe Lhls parLlcular ausLerlLy whlle she was belng
abducLed Lo rasaLala by a mlghLy demon named Plranyaksha A devoLee who observes a fasL on Lhls day
and worshlps lord MaLsya wlLh approprlaLe rlLuals aLLalns Lo 8rahma loka and remalns Lhere for eLernlLy
Such a person aLLalns a dlvlne body when creaLlon recommences afLer Lhe perlod of deluge An
lssueless
woman ls blessed wlLh a vlrLuous son lf she observes a fasL on Lhls day MaLsyadwadashl ls capable of
absolvlng a man even of Lhe gravesL of hls sln
ku8MAuWAuASPl v8A1A
1hls parLlcular ausLerlLy ls dedlcaLed Lo Lhe worshlp of lord kurma Lhe lncarnaLlon of lord
vlshnu lL ls celebraLed on Lhe LwelfLh day of Lhe brlghL half of Lhe Plndu monLh pausha 1he
ausLerlLy whlch commences on Lhe LenLh day lLself when a devoLee ls supposed Lo purlfy hlmself
by Laklng a holy baLh Cn Lhe followlng day he observes a fasL and worshlps lord kurma wlLh
approprlaLe rlLuals Pe breaks hls fasL on dwadashl whlch marks Lhe concluslon of Lhe ausLerlLy
A devoLee who observes a fasL on Lhls ausplclous day becomes absolved of all hls slns and aLLalns
salvaLlon
vA8APAuWAuASPl v8A1A
varaha dwadashl ls celebraLed on Lhe LwelfLh day of Lhe brlghL half of Lhe Plndu monLhmagh
1hls was Lhe day on whlch rlLhvl had been rescued by lord varaha Lhe lncarnaLlon of lord
vlshnu An ldol of lord varaha ls lnsLalled on a poL fllled wlLh waLer and worshlpped wlLh
approprlaLe rlLuals amldsL Lhe conLlnuous chanLlng of Lhe manLraom varahay namah Cfferlngs
of varlous arLlcles are made whlle worshlpplng lord varaha sandalwood lncense nalvedya eLc
AfLer Lhe accompllshmenL of Lhe rlLuals brahmlns are fed and charlLy glven Lo Lhem Cne who
observes a fasL on Lhls day en[oys a good healLh and prosperlLy Such a man becomes absolved of
all hls slns and aLLalns Lo heaven afLer hls deaLh
n8lSlMPAuWAuASPl v8A1A
1hls ausLerlLy ls observed on Lhe LwelfLh day of Lhe brlghL half of Lhe Plndu monLhphalgun A
devoLee should observe fasL on Lhls day and worshlp lord nrlslmha wlLh approprlaLe rlLuals 1hls
parLlcular ausLerlLy ls capable of absolvlng a man from all hls slns
vAMAnAuWAuASPl v8A1A
vamana dwadashl ls celebraLed on Lhe LwelfLh day of Lhe brlghL half of Lhe Plndu monLh chalLra
A devoLee should observe a fasL and worshlp lord vamana by saylng Lhe followlng prayer C
Lord! vamana Lhe dwarflsh lncarnaLlon of Lhe almlghLy vlshnu who Look lncarnaLlon on Lhe
ausplclous day of dwadashl ln Lhe monLh of chalLra l seek your blesslngs Cne who observes a
fasL on Lhls day ls blessed and proLecLed from all klnds of danger !AMuACn?AuWAuASPl v8A1A
1hls ausLerlLy ls relaLed wlLh Lhe worshlp of lord arshurama who ls also famous as !amdagnya
lL ls celebraLed on Lhe LwelfLh day of Lhe brlghL half of Lhe Plndu monLhvalshakh 8efore
commenclng Lhe rlLuals a devoLee should purlfy hlmself by Laklng a baLh and Lhen worshlp an
ldol of lord arshurama kepL on a poL fllled wlLh waLer Whlle worshlpplng he should make
offerlngs of varlous arLlcles Lo Lhe delLy flowers sandalwood ardhya eLc lL ls mandaLory Lo
remaln awake for Lhe whole nlghL Cn Lhe followlng day he should donaLe Lhe ldol Lo a brahmln
A devoLee who observes a fasL on Lhls day geLs all hls wlshes fulfllled and aLLalns Lo 8rahma
loka
kALkluWAuASPl v8A1A
A devoLee should commence Lhls ausLerlLy by observlng a fasL on Lhe elevenLh day of Lhe brlghL
half of Lhe Plndu monLhbhadrapad and break lL on Lhe followlng daydwadashl Pe should
worshlp lord kalkl wlLh approprlaLe rlLuals As per Lhe norms of Lhe rlLuals Lhe ldol of lord kalkl
ls placed on a poL whlch ls fllled wlLh waLer 1hls ldol ls donaLed Lo a learned brahmln on Lhe
followlng dayLrayodashl
AuMAnA8PuWAuASPl v8A1A
1hls ausLerlLy ls relaLed wlLh Lhe worshlp of lord admanabh an eplLheL of lord vlshnu and ls
observed on Lhe LwelfLh day of Lhe brlghL half of Lhe Plndu monLhashwln Cne lmporLanL
charecLerlsLlc of Lhe rlLual ls LhaL all Lhe organs of lord admanabh ls worshlpped 1he ldol ls
placed on a poL fllled wlLh waLer and whlle worshlpplng offerlngs of varlous arLlcles are madeflowers
frulLs sandalwood eLc Cn Lhe followlng day Lhe ldol ls donaLed Lo a brahmln Cne who
observes a fasL on Lhls day en[oys a prosperous llfe and aLLalns Lo Lhe abode of lord admanabh
uPA8nlv8A1A
1hls parLlcular ausLerlLy ls observed ln Lhe Plndu monLh of karLlk 1he rlLuals commence by
worshlpplng varlous organs of lord narayan amldsL Lhe chanLlng of dlfferenL manLras whlch are
as follows
1 om sahasLra shlrse namah head 2 om urushay namah arms
3 om vlshwa ruplne namah LhroaL 4 om !nanasLray namah weapons
3 om Srl vaLsaya namah chesL 6 om [agad graslshnave namah abdomen
7 om dlvya murLaye namah walsL 8 om sahasLra paday namah feeL
Slmllarly Srl krlshna dwadashl ls celebraLed ln Lhe Plndu monLh of Ashadh shukla paksha A
devoLee should worshlp lord krlshna on Lhls day and observe a fasL 8uuuPAuWAuASPl v8A1A
Lord 8uddha ls belleved Lo be Lhe lncarnaLlon of Lord vlshnu 1he ausLerlLy beglns on Lhe
elevenLh day of Lhe brlghL half of Lhe Plndu monLhShravana Cn Lhls day lord vlshnu ls
worshlpped wlLh approprlaLe rlLuals and by maklng offerlngs of varlous arLlcles llke flowers
frulLs lncense eLc 1he followlng manLras should be chanLed whlle worshlpplng Lhe varlous
organs of lord vlshnu
1 om damodaray namah feeL 2 om hrlshlkeshay namah walsL
3 om sanaLanay namah abdomen 4 om Srl vaLsadharlne namah chesL
3 om chakrapanaye namah arms 6 om haraye namah LhroaL
7 om man[u keshay namah head 8 om bhadray namah LopknoL (shlkha)
AfLer Lhe accompllshmenL of Lhe rlLuals Lhe ldol should be donaLed Lo a brahmln
Su8Pv8A1A
1hls parLlcular ausLerlLy on Lhe flrsL day of Lhe Plndu monLhmargashlrsh lL ls relaLed wlLh Lhe
worshlp of lord vlshnu and Lhe rlLuals have some speclal characLerlsLlcs havlng one meal on Lhe
elevenLh day of Lhe monLh (ekadashl) donaLlng barley Lo brahmlns worshlpplng Lhe ldol of
goddess rlLhvl on ekadashl eLc 1he ausLerlLy concludes on dwadashl Cn ekadashl goddess
rlLhvl ls also worshlpped along wlLh lord vlshnu 8oLh Lhe ldols are lnsLalled slde by slde and
covered wlLh whlLe cloLhes AfLer LhaL some rlce gralns are scaLLered ln fronL of boLh Lhe ldols As
per Lhe norms of Lhe rlLuals a devoLee ls requlred Lo remaln awake for Lhe whole nlghL nexL
mornlng he should lnvlLe LwenLyfour brahmlns and feed Lhem Pe should also donaLe a cow
apparels ornamenLs an umbrella woodden sandle and slmllar arLlcles Lo Lhem A devoLee who
observes a fasL on Lhls ausplclous day en[oys prosperlLy
uPAn?Av8A1A
1hls parLlcular ausLerlLy ls a form of nakLavraLa whlch means observlng fasL for Lhe whole day and
breaklng lL ln Lhe nlghL 1he ausLerlLy commences on Lhe flrsL day of Lhe brlghL half of Lhe Plndu
monLhaghan and lasLs for a year 8lLuals lnclude worshlpplng Agnldeva an embodlmenL of lord vlshnu
chanLlng of cerLaln manLras pralslng Lhe glory of Lhe delLy and performlng havan 1here are speclflc
lnsLrucLlons on Lhe Lype of food a devoLee should have durlng Lhe course of Lhls ausLerlLy for four
monLhs
(chalLra Lo ashadh) he should have dellcacles llke kheer seasoned ln pure ghee lrom Shravana Lo karLlk
he should have foodlLems prepared from gram flour 1hls way Lhe ausLerlLy lasLs for one year whereby
a
devoLee observes fasL on Lhe flrsL day of every monLh LhaL follows 1he ausLerlLy concludes by
worshlpplng an ldol of lord Agnl made of gold 1he ldol ls adorned wlLh a plece of redcloLh and
redflowers are offered Lo Lhe delLy whlle worshlpplng AfLer Lhe rlLuals are accompllshed Lhe ldol should
be
donaLed Lo a brahmln 1he observance of Lhls parLlcular ausLerlLy brlngs good forLune Lo a man and
makes hlm prosperous
kAn1lv8A1A1hls ausLerlLy ls relaLed wlLh Lhe worshlp of Srl krlshna and 8alarama lL commences on Lhe
second day of Lhe brlghL half of Lhe Plndu monLhkarLlk and lasLs for a year whereby a devoLee
observes fasL on Lhe second day (brlghL half) of every monLh LhaL follows Whlle worshlpplng
8alarama a devoLee should chanL om baldevay namah and whlle worshlpplng Srl krlshna he
should chanL om keshavay namah SubsequenLly ardhya ls offered Lo boLh Lhe delLles A
devoLee should have food prepared from barleyflour ln Lhe nlghL buL Lhose devoLees who have
resolved Lo observe Lhls ausLerlLy for four monLhs beglnnlng from falgun should llve only on
kheer Cfferlngs of rlce and sesame seeds are made ln Lhe sacrlflclal flre durlng Lhe monLhs of
aghan and karLlk respecLlvely 1he rlLuals conclude by worshlpplng Lhe delLy Chandrama aL
Lhe end of Lhe year llnally all Lhe Lhree ldols (Srl krlshna 8alarama and Chandrama) should be
donaLed Lo brahmlns A devoLee who observes Lhls ausLerlLy ls besLowed wlLh a charmlng
personallLy
SAu8PAC?Av8A1A
1hls ausLerlLy commences on Lhe Lhlrd day of Lhe brlghL half of Lhe Plndu monLhfalgun and lasLs
for a year whereby a devoLee observes fasL on Lhe Lhlrd day (brlghL half) of every monLh LhaL
follows Accordlng Lo Lhe LradlLlon a devoLee can elLher worshlp ShlvaarvaLl or Srl ParlLakshml on
Lhls ausplclous day Whlle worshlpplng Lhe devoLee should chanL Lhe followlng
manLras om gambhlray namah om saubhagyay namah om devdevay namah om LrlneLray
namah om vachaspaLaye namah om rudray namah eLc Cne lmporLanL feaLure of Lhe rlLuals ls
maklng offerlngs of honey and ghee Lo Lhe sacrlflclal flre uurlng Lhe course of Lhe rlLuals a
devoLee should have food prepared from pure cereals preferably wheaL AfLer Lhe rlLuals are
accompllshed aL Lhe end of Lhe year Lhe ldols should be donaLed Lo brahmlns Cne who observes
Lhls ausLerlLy ls blessed wlLh good forLune ln hls successlve seven blrLhs
AvlCPnAv8A1A
As Lhe name lmplles Lhls ausLerlLy clears all Lhe obsLacles faced by a man lL commences on Lhe
fourLh day of Lhe brlghL half of Lhe Plndu monLhfalgun and lasLs for four monLhs whereby a
devoLee observes fasL on Lhe fourLh day (brlghL half) of every monLh LhaL follows Cne lmporLanL
characLerlsLlc of Lhls ausLerlLy ls Lhe lmporLance and use of sesame seeds ln lLs rlLuals lL ls noL
only Lhe chlef consLlLuenL of Lhe dleL buL lL ls also offered ln Lhe sacrlflclal flre and donaLed Lo Lhe
brahmlns as well AfLer observlng Lhls ausLerlLy for four monLhs a devoLee should conclude lL by
worshlpplng lord Canesh ln Lhe flfLh monLh and donaLlng Lhe Caneshldol Lo a brahmln alongwlLh
flve poLs fllled wlLh sesame seeds Whlle worshlpplng lord Canesh he should chanL Lhe
followlng manLras om shooray namah om dhlray namah om ga[ananay namah om lambodaray
namah om ekdanshLray namah eLc A devoLee Lhus becomes free from every obsLacle and geLs
all hls wlshes
SPAn1lv8A1A
1hls ausLerlLy commences on Lhe flfLh day of Lhe brlghL half of Lhe Plndu monLhkarLlk and lasLs
for a year whereby a devoLee observes fasL on Lhe flfLh day (brlghL half) of Lhe every monLh LhaL
follows lL ls relaLed wlLh Lhe worshlp of lord vlshnu and Sheshnag A devoLee should absLaln from hoL
and splcy food durlng Lhe course of Lhls ausLerlLy Lord vlshnus ldol ls purlfled by
chanLlng manLras and by performlng abluLlon wlLh mllk Cfferlngs of sesame seeds and mllk are
made ln Lhe sacrlflclal flre AfLer Lhe accompllshmenL of Lhe rlLuals aL Lhe year end brahmlns are
lnvlLed and fed llnally Lhe ldol of Sheshnag ls donaLed Lo one of Lhem A devoLee who performs
Lhls ausLerlLy becomes free from all klnds of Lurbulence ln hls llfe and experlences peace and
LranqulllLy
kAMv8A1A
1hls ausLerlLy ls relaLed wlLh Lhe worshlp of lord karLlkeya and ls observed ln Lhe brlghL half of
Lhe Plndu monLhpausha Cn Lhe slxLh day of Lhls monLh a devoLee ls expecLed Lo llve on noLhlng
else buL frulLs Lord karLlkeya ls also known by several oLher names Shadanan Senanl
krlLlkasuL kumar Skand eLc 1he ausLerlLy concludes by feedlng Lhe brahmlns aL Lhe year end
and maklng donaLlons Lo Lhem A devoLee who observes Lhls ausLerlLy geLs all hls wlshes
fulfllled
A8CC?Av8A1A
1hls ausLerlLy ls relaLed wlLh Lhe worshlp of lord Surya narayan who ls also known by several
oLher names llke AdlLya 8haskar 8avl 8hanu ulwakar rabhakar eLc A devoLee should
observe a fasL on Lhe sevenLh day of any monLh and worshlp lord Suryanarayan 1he fasL should
be broken on Lhe nexL day ashLaml A devoLee can conLlnue Lhls rlLual for one year followlng Lhe
above menLloned rlLuals A devoLee who observes Lhe rlLuals of Lhls ausLerlLy becomes free from
all klnd of dlseases and en[oys a healLhy llfe
u18A8A1l v8A1A
1hls ausLerlLy commences on Lhe elghLh day of Lhe brlghL half of Lhe Plndu monLhbhadrapad
1he rlLuals conslsL of Laklng a sankalpa on Lhe precedlng day (sapLaml) and worshlpplng lord Srl
Parl on Lhe nexL day wlLh approprlaLe rlLuals Cfferlngs are made Lo Lhe sacrlflclal flre whlch
usually conslsL of arLlcles llke barley sesame seeds ghee eLc 1he ausLerlLy concludes by feedlng
Lhe lnvlLed brahmlns and maklng donaLlons Lo Lhem 1hls way Lhe ausLerlLy conLlnues for a year
whereby a devoLee observes fasL on ashLaml of every monLh A sonless person ls blessed wlLh a
son lf he observes Lhls ausLerlLy wlLh LoLal devoLlon 1hls ausLerlLy whlch ls popularly known as
krlshna ashLaml also helps a devoLee Lo become absolved of gravesL of sln
SPAu8?A Anu SA8vA 8PAuM v8A1A
Shaurya and Sarva 8haum vraLa ls relaLed wlLh Lhe worshlp of goddess uurga and ls observed on
Lhe nlneLh day of Lhe brlghL half of Lhe Plndu monLhashvln 1he rlLuals commence by Laklng a
sankalpa as well as observlng a fasL on Lhe precedlng day (sapLaml) 1he fasL ls broken on Lhe
nexL day (ashLaml) by havlng frulLs Cereals are excluded from Lhe dleL Cne lmporLanL aspecL of
Lhls ausLerlLy ls Lhe worshlp of vlrgln glrls along wlLh goddess uurga Cne who observes Lhe
rlLuals of Lhls ausLerlLy aLLalns power valour and sLrengLh Sarva bhaum vraLa ls relaLed wlLh Lhe worshlp
of all Lhe Len dlrecLlons consldered as goddesses A fasL ls observed on Lhe LenLh day of
Lhe brlghL half of Lhe Plndu monLhkarLlk and lasLs for a year whereby a devoLee observes fasL on
Lhe LenLh day (brlghL half) of every monLh LhaL follows Cne lmporLanL charecLerlsLlc of Lhls fasL ls
LhaL lL ls broken aL Lhe end of Lhe day by havlng rlce and curd Maklng sacrlflces ln Lhe name of
all Lhe Len dlrecLlons are Lhe lnseparable parL of Lhls ausLerlLy A devoLee who observes Lhls
ausLerlLy lasLlng for a year remalns lnvlnclble ln whaLever he does
1PL SlCnlllCAnCL Cl uPLnu uAn
1lL uPLnuuAn
As Lhe name lmplles an ldol of a cow made from powdered sesame seeds ls donaLed Lo a
brahmln 1he ldol should welgh noL less Lhan slxLeen prasLhas (one prasLhafour kudav anclenL
unlLs of welghL measurmenL) Slmllarly a calfs ldol made from powdered sesame seeds and
welghlng four prasLhas ls donaLed Lo a brahmln AparL from Lhese ldols ofcow and calf a devoLee
should also donaLe deerskln Whlle donaLlng Lhese Lhlngs he should pray ln Lhe followlng way
C 1ll dhenu! 8less me so LhaL l en[oy prosperlLy and never experlence scarclLy of any klnd ln my
llfe 1he brahmln recelvlng Lhe donaLlon should express hls graLlLude ln Lhe followlng way C
goddess! l am recelvlng you ln all humlllLy 8less and nurLure my whole famlly A person who
donaLes 1ll uhenu geLs all hls wlshes fulfllled and aLLalns Lo vlshnu loka afLer hls deaLh
!ALuPLnu uAn
1he meLhod of donaLlng !al uhenu ls as followsflrsL of all small area of land ls purlfled by
coaLlng lL wlLh cow dung and place Lwo small poLs are placed aL Lhe cenLer 1hese poLs are fllled
wlLh dlfferenL Lhlngs llke waLer camphor sandalwood eLc 1he devoLee should Lhen lmaglne
goddess !al uhenu and her calf Lo be dwelllng ln Lhose poLs respecLlvely 8oLh Lhe poLs are
adequaLely adorned wlLh varlous arLlcles llke sandalwood flowers and Lhen worshlpped AfLer
Lhe compleLlon of Lhe rlLuals boLh Lhe ldols are donaLed Lo brahmlns A person who donaLes !al
uhenu or a brahmln who accepLs lL aLLalns Lo vlshnu loka afLer belng absolved of all hls slns
8ASA uPLnu uAn
llrsL of all Lhe area ls purlfled by coaLlng lL wlLh cowdung afLer whlch a black deerskln ls
spread on lL alongwlLh kusha grass 1wo poLs one large and Lhe oLher a small one are placed
slde by slde 1hese poLs are fllled wlLh sugarcane [ulce and symbollze 8asauhenu and Lhe calf
lour sugarcanes symbollzlng Lhe four legs of 8asauhenu are flxed aL four corners AfLer LhaL
one small sllver plece ls placed aL Lhe base of each of Lhe sugarcanes symbollzlng hoofs 8asauhenu ls
Lhen adorned wlLh colourful cloLhs and flowers Agaln four small poLs fllled wlLh
sesame seeds are kepL aL Lhe four corners near 8asauhenu AfLer Lhe worshlp ls accompllshed
8asauhenu ls donaLed Lo a brahmln A person who donaLes 8asauhenu ls llberaLed from all hls
slns and all hls ancesLors as well as Lhe generaLlons Lo come aLLaln Lo Lhe Peaven
CuuuPLnu uAnAs lL ls amply clear by Lhe name ln Lhls rlLual some [aggery ls Laken and glven Lhe
shape of a
cow and a calf 1he land ls purlfled by coaLlng lL wlLh cowdung AfLer LhaL a black deerskln ls
spread on LhaL purlfled area Some kusha grass are Lhen spread on Lhe deerskln and covered wlLh
a plece of cloLh now boLh Lhe ldols of cow and lLs calf are worshlpped wlLh approprlaLe rlLuals
afLer whlch Lhey are donaLed Lo brahmlns A devoLee should also should also donaLe shoes
umbrella and lf posslble a gold rlng Lo brahmlns uonaLlng a Cuduhenu enables a man Lo aLLaln
Lo such dlvlne world where sages and hermlLs dwell 8y dolng Lhushe also llberaLes hls ancesLors
and Lhe fuLure generaLlons
SPA8kA8AuPLnu uAn
ln Lhls rlLual ldols of a cow and a calf are made from sugar AfLer belng worshlpped Lhey should be
donaLed Lo a brahmln A devoLee should llve only on sugar for a day uonaLlng a Sharkarauhenu
llberaLes a man from all hls slns Slmllarly donaLlng Madhuuhenu (made from honey) kheeruhenu
(made from rlce and mllk) uadhluhenu (curd) navneeLuhenu (made from buLLer) Lavanuhenu (salL)
and karpasuhenu (coLLon) are all belleved Lo besLow lncomparable vlrLues Lo a devoLee
SAC8Lu LACLS Cl lLC8lMACL
kCkAMukP 1l81P
uescrlblng Lhe hollness of kokamukh LlrLh lord varaha narraLed a Lale Lo rlLhvlCnce a
flsherman was Lrylng Lo caLch a large flsh ln a lake slLuaLed aL kokamukh Suddenly a hawk
whlch was flylng ln Lhe sky descended down and afLer plcklng Lhe flsh ln lLs beak Lrled Lo fly
away 8uL as Lhe flsh was a large one Lhe hawk could noL hold lL for Loo long As a resulL Lhe
hawk fell on Lhe ground belng unable Lo bear Lhe welghL of Lhe flsh 8uL amazlngly Lhe hawk
Lurned lnLo a handsome prlnce as soon as lL Louched Lhe ground
ln Lhe meanLlme Lhe flshermans wlfe arrlved Lhere carrylng some meaLpleces ln her hand A
klLe whlch was flylng ln Lhe sky Lrled Lo snaLch Lhose meaLpleces Seelng Lhls Lhe flsherman
kllled LhaL klLe wlLh one shoL of hls arrow ln course of Llme Lhe klLe Look reblrLh as a prlncess of
Chandrapur She was exLremely beauLlful buL haLed men Slmllarly Lhe flsh was reborn as a
prlnce As Lhe desLlny would have llked lL boLh of Lhem goL marrled 1here was a dramaLlc
change ln Lhe aLLlLude of Lhe prlncess afLer Lhe marrlage as she no longer haLed men Cn Lhe
conLrary she loved her husband so much LhaL she dreaded Lhe LhoughL of separaLlon for even a
momenL
Cne day Lhe prlnce had a severe headache whlch showed no slgn of subsldlng 1he prlncess
became very worrled and summoned Lhe royal physlclan 1he physlclan lefL no sLone unLurned Lo
cure hls royal physlclan buL wlLhouL any success Somehow Lhe prlnce remembered everyLhlng
abouL hls prevlous blrLh and had a flrm bellef LhaL he would be cured of hls lllness once he
reached kokamukh Lhe sacrosancL place of pllgrlmage So he declded Lo go Lhere accompanled
by Lhe prlncess
8oLh of Lhem reached a place aL kokamukh where Lhey saw Lhe remalns (skeleLon) of a flsh
lylng on Lhe ground 1he prlnce revealed Lo hls wlfe LhaL he was a flsh ln hls prevlous blrLh and
LhaL Lhe skeleLon was hls 1hen he wenL on Lo descrlbe Lhe cause of hls headache whlch accordlng Lo
hlm was due Lo Lhe ln[ury susLalned ln hls pasL blrLh when he had been badly mauled by a
hawk 1he prlncess was aware of her pasL blrLh as a klLe so she revealed how she had been kllled
by a flsherman ln her prevlous blrLh She also Lold her husband uylng aL kokamukh ln my
prevlous blrLh prove Lo be a blesslng Lo me as l was reborn as a prlncess Pad lL noL been so l
would cerLalnly have noL born as a prlncess 8oLh of Lhem worshlpped lord vlshnu and as a
resulL Lhe prlnce was cured of hls severe headache Such ls Lhe greaLness of kokamukh Lhe
rellever of all palns and mlserles
MA?Au8l (PA8luWA8)
narraLlng abouL Lhe sancLlLy of Mayapurl lord varaha Lold rlLhvl 1here llved a brahmln
named Somsharma aL Mayapurl Pe was a greaL devoLee of mlne (lord Srl Parl) and had an
lmposslble deslre of wlLnesslng my dlvlne powers by hls morLal eyes l Lrled Lo make hlm
undersLand abouL Lhe fuLlllLy of hls deslre buL Lo no avall llnally l was lefL wlLh no opLlon buL Lo
fulfll hls wlsh Cne day Somsharma had gone Lo Lake hls baLh ln Lhe holy Canges Pardly had he
Laken a dlp Lhan he found hlmself experlenclng Lhe pangs of blrLh ln Lhe womb of a nlshad
woman LvldenLly lord Srl Parl had began glvlng a gllmpse of hls dlvlne powers Lo Somsharma
lL was a Lerrlble experlence for hlm and he vowed Lo lead a chasLe llfe as soon as he came ouL of
Lhe womb unforLunaLely he forgoL everyLhlng abouL hls vow once he Look reblrLh as a glrl ln
course of Llme Lhe glrl grew up and marrled a young nlshad She had many chlldren from hlm
Cne day Lhe nlshad glrl who ln reallLy was Somsharma wenL Lo Lake a baLh ln Lhe holy Canges
As soon as she enLered lnLo Lhe rlver she goL Lransformed lnLo a hermlL She was fllled wlLh
exLreme bewlldermenL buL Lhls was noL Lhe end as Lhere were more surprlses Lo come
1he hermlL (prevlously nlshad and orlglnally Somsharma) came ouL of Lhe rlver and looked all
around ln amazemenL Pe Lhen saL down Lo medlLaLe and very soon he was engrossed ln hls
medlLaLlon ln Lhe evenlng some sages arrlved and sald Slr! Pow come you are slLLlng here?
?ou had gone Lo Lake a baLh We became anxlous and sLarLed searchlng for you when you dld noL
reLurn Llll evenlng 1he hermlL was bewlldered by Lhe Lurn of evenLs as he was aware of every
lncldenL LhaL had occured Pe was also well aware LhaL he had spenL flfLy years as nlshadwoman
buL accordlng Lo Lhe sLaLemenLs of hermlLs he had been absenL only for few hours 1he hermlL was
LoLally confused abouL hls real ldenLlLy l (lord varaha) felL plLy on hls mlserable condlLlon and
declded Lo llfL my maglc spell l asked hlm wheLher hls wlsh of wlLnesslng my dlvlne powers had
been fulfllled or noL 1he hermlL euloglzed me and agreed LhaL lL was lmposslble for any morLal
Lo undersLand Lhe ways of AlmlghLy l Lhen blessed hlm and Lransformed hlm lnLo Somsharma
once agaln Such ls Lhe grandeur of Mayapurl Lhe sacrosancL place where lord Srl Parl has
manlfesLed hls dlvlne powers A devoLee who goes on a pllgrlmage Lo Mayapurl never geLs
enLangeled ln Lhe worldly llluslons
ku8!AM8Ak 1l81P (P8lSPlkLSP)
uescrlblng how kub[amrak LlrLh derlved lLs name lord varaha Lold rlLhvl ln SaLya ?uga aL
Lhe Llme when Lhe earLh was sLlll submerged ln waLer l had kllled Lwo mlghLy demons named
Madhu and kalLabh AfLer kllllng boLh Lhe demons l looked all around and found sage 8almya
engrossed ln hls penance Sage 8almya was a greaL devoLee of mlne l was exLremely lmpressed
and waLched hlm hldlng myself behlnd a mango Lree 1he mango Lree could noL bear Lhe welghL
of my hands and became curved 1hls ls how kub[amrak LlrLh derlved lLs name very soon sage 8almya
found ouL LhaL l was hldlng behlnd LhaL mango Lree Pe euloglzed me and requesLed me
Lo Lo granL a speclal sLaLus Lo kub[amrak LlrLh among all Lhe holy places l blessed hlm and Lhus
kub[amrak LlrLh became one of Lhe hollesL places 1here are several oLher holy places slLuaLed ln
Lhe vlclnlLy of kub[amrak LlrLh Manas LlrLh Maya LlrLh Sarvakamlk LlrLh urnamukh LlrLh Agnl
LlrLh Shukra LerLh Manasar LlrLh SapLa samudrak LlrLh eLc All Lhese holy places lncludlng
kub[amrak LlrLh are capable of glvlng salvaLlon Lo a man
8Au8lkASP8AMA
ConLlnulng wlLh hls Lale lord varaha Lold rlLhvl 1here ls a sacred place ln Lhe Plmalayas
whlch ls very lnaccesslble lL ls famously known as 8adrlkashrama and holds an lmporLanL place
among all Lhe holy places Cne who makes a pllgrlmage Lo LhaL place geLs all hls wlshes fulfllled
1here ls a reservolr aL Lhe mounLaln Lop called 8rahma kund Cne who observes fasL for Lhree
consecuLlve nlghLs and Lakes a holy dlp ln LhaL reservolr aLLalns vlrLues slmllar Lo AgnlshLom
yagya Cne who Lakes hls lasL blrLh ln lLs vlclnlLy cerLalnly aLLalns Lo my abode 1here are
several oLher holy places ln Lhe vlclnlLy of 8adrlkashrama llke AgnlsaLya pad lndra loka SaLya
loka ChaLuhsroLa ved dhar eLc ved dhar ls Lhe same place where Lhe vedas had manlfesLed
from lord 8rahmas mouLh
MAnuA8 1l81P
Mandar LlrLh ls named afLer a celesLlal Lree called Mandar 1hls sacred place of pllgrlmage ls
slLuaLed aL Lhe fooLhllls of vlndhya mounLaln 1here ls a large mandar Lree over Lhere whlch has
some unlque quallLles 1hls Lree ls vlslble only on ausplclous days of dwadashl and chaLurdashl
and becomes lnvlslble on Lhe resL of Lhe days Some oLher holy places slLuaLed ln Lhe vlclnlLy of
mandar LlrLh are rapan Modan 8alkunLhkaran
1here ls anoLher holy place called mandar buL lL ls slLuaLed on Lhe Meru mounLaln 1hls holy
place ls also known as SyamanLpanchak Cne lmporLanL characLerlsLlc of Lhls holy place ls LhaL
Lhere are huge rocks resembllng a mace a wheel a plough and a conch
SCMLSPWA8 LlnCA
Chandra deva had once performed an ausLere penance Lo geL absolved from Lhe curse of hls
uaksha ra[apaLl hls faLherlnlaw uurlng Lhe course of hls penance Chandra deva made a
Shlvallnga and worshlpped lL llnally lord Shlva appeared and agreed Lo dwell ln LhaL parLlcular
Shlvallnga as per Lhe requesL of Chandra deva 1here ls a reservolr slLuaLed Lo Lhe souLh of
Someshwar Lemple whlch ls belleved Lo llberaLe a man from all hls slns ln course of Llme Lhls
place became famous as Someshwar llnga
SPALC8AM kSPL18A
rlLhvl requesLed lord varaha Lo shed llghL on Lhe famous penance whlch sage Shalankayan had
performed Lord varaha narraLed Lhe followlng Lale Long long ago sage Shalankayan dld an ausLere
penance Lo please me (lord vlshnu) 1here was a sal Lree nearby and Lhe sage was
lgnoranL of Lhe facL LhaL l dwell ln LhaL sacred Lree When l appeared he requesLed me Lo bless
hlm wlLh a dlvlne son who had quallLles llke lord Shlva l revealed Lo hlm LhaL hls son
(nandlkeshwar) had already manlfesLed and was presenLly sLaylng aL vra[a (MaLhura) l also
revealed Lo hlm LhaL alLhough l was presenL ln Lhe sal Lree buL he was unware of Lhls facL because
of hls lgnorance ln course of Llme Lhls very place became famous as Shalgram LlrLh A devoLee
who makes a pllgrlmage Lo Lhls holy place ls llberaLed from all klnds of worldly bondages
8u8u kSPL18A
Lord varaha Lold rlLhvl 1hls holy place ls named afLer 8uru Lhe daughLer of uevaduLL and an
apsara named ramalocha uevaduLL came from Lhe llneage of sage 8hrlgu Cnce uevaduLL dld
an ausLere penance Lo please lord Shlva Pls penance conLlnued for Len Lhousand years lndra
became worrled and senL a beauLlful apsara named ramalocha Lo dlsLurb hls penance
unforLunaLely uevaduLL fell lnLo Lhe Lrap lald by lndra Pe was lnfaLuaLed by ramalochas dlvlne
beauLy and en[oyed an lnLlmaLe llfe wlLh her for a long Llme llnally he reallzed hls mlsLake and
regreLLed hls foollshness Pe declded Lo abandon ramalocha and recommence hls penance
ulLlmaLely he was successful ln pleaslng lord Shlva and aLLalnlng Lo Shlva loka Meanwhlle
ramalocha who was pregnanL gave blrLh Lo a glrl chlld and dled 1he baby glrl was nurLured
and broughL up by a deer named 8uru afLer whom she goL her own name ln course of Llme 8uru
grew up and declded Lo please lord vlshnu by her penance She dld an ausLere penance for one
hundred years by remalnlng sLlll aL a place AL lasL l (lord vlshnu) became pleased by her LoLal
devoLlon and appeared before her She requesLed me Lo name LhaL place on her l blessed her and
Lhus LhaL place became famous as 8uru ksheLra
CCnlSPk8AMAn 1l81P
Lord Shlva Lold rlLhvl Conlshkraman LlrLh ls slLuaLed ln Lhe Plmalayas Sage Aurva had hls
hermlLage aL Lhls sacred place whlch was lncldenLally burnL Lo ashes by lord Shlva Aurva cursed
Shlva as Lhe resulL of whlch Shlva sLarLed wanderlng LhroughouL Lhe world ln a resLless manner
Cnce lord Shlva vlslLed Lhe hermlLage of sage Aurvanam accompanled by hls consorLuma
1he purpose of Lhe vlslL was Lo seek Aurvanams help ln curlng hls resLlessness Sage Aurvanam
advlsed hlm Lo have a baLh wlLh Lhe mllk of Surabhl cow l (lord vlshnu) Lhen broughL down
sevenLyseven Surabhl cows from Lhe heaven and Lhus helped Shlva Lake baLh wlLh Lhelr mllk AL
lasL Shlvas reasLlessness came Lo an end and Lhls holy place became famous as Conlshkraman
LlrLh
S1CC1SWAMl 1l81P
Lord varaha Lhen wenL on Lo descrlbe Lhe greaLness of SLooLswaml LlrLh and Lold rlLhvl l shall
lncarnaLe as krlshna aL Lhls place ln Lhe era of dwapar l shall Lake blrLh ln Lhe house of vasudeva
and uevakl 1here ls a pond slLuaLed aL abouL 3 kosas from SLooLswaml LlrLh Anybody who Lake
holy dlps ln lLs holy waLer for flve days becomes absolved of all hls slns uWA8kA
Lord varaha Lold rlLhvl 1here ls a holy place called anchsar ln uwarka Anybody who sLays
Lhere for slx days and Lakes holy dlps ln anchasar en[oys all Lhe pleasures of llfe uwarka ls
slLuaLed aL Lhe seashore and Lhe crocodlles llvlng Lhere never Lrouble people Laklng Lhelr baLh
1hese crocodlles also have one unlque characLerlsLlc Lhey never eaL anyLhlng LhaL ls offered Lo
Lhem by a slnner buL unheslLaLlngly accepL anyLhlng from a vlrLuous person 1here are several
oLher holy places ln and around uwarka anchplnd Panskunda PansLlrLh ChakraLlrLh
8alvaLak vlshnusankarama eLc vlshnu sankarama ls Lhe very place where l ln my lncarnaLlon
as krlshna would be kllled by a hunLer named !ara
SAnAnuCC8 1l81P
1hls holy place ls slLuaLed beLween Malay mounLaln and Lhe ocean nearby Lhere ls anoLher
place called Sangaman where Srl 8ama whlle on hls way Lo Lanka had confronLed Lhe ocean
1here are also many oLher sacred places ln Lhe vlclnlLy llke Shakrasar Shurparak eLc 1here are
hermlLages of 8ama and arshurama aL Shurparak
LCPA8CAL 1l81P
Lord varaha Lold rlLhvl 1here ls a reglon lnhablLed by mlecchas slLuaLed aL Lhe dlsLance of
some 30 yo[ans 1hls reglon ls surrounded by Plmalaya mounLaln ln lLs cenLral as well as
souLhern parLs Lohargal LlrLh ls slLuaLed near Lhls reglon and ls well proLecLed by naLure whlch
makes lL very lnaccesslble Cnce demons Lrled Lo lnvade Lhls holy place buL all of Lhem were
kllled by me (Srl Parl) l also proLecLed 8rahma and 8udra from Lhe wraLh of Lhe demons and
named LhaL place Lohargal Lohargal ls Lhe mosL sacred place of pllgrlmage and spread ln Lhe
area of 23 yo[ans lL ls a self manlfesLed place and has lmmense rellglous slgnlflcance
MA1Pu8A
uescrlblng Lhe ma[esLy of MaLhura lord varaha Lold rlLhvl MaLhura ls very dear Lo me
because Lhls ls Lhe very place where l shall be Laklng lncarnaLlon as krlshna MaLhura ls Lhe mosL
sacrosancL place and no oLher holy place can be compared Lo lL 1here are many oLher holy places
ln and around MaLhura vlshranLl Surya LlrLh koLl LlrLh vayu LlrLh eLc Lach one of Lhem has lLs
own rellglous slgnlflcance A holy pond named vaLsakrlndan lles ln MaLhura reglon Anybody
Laklng a holy dlp ln LhaL holy pond ls cerLaln Lo aLLaln Lo Lhe abode of vayu ln Lhe vlclnlLy lles
vrlndavan Lhe hollesL place whlch would be wlLness Lo many of my dlvlne plays
CPAk8A 1l81P
lL ls slLuaLed Lo Lhe norLh of MaLhura and lord 8hadreshwar has hls dwelllng place over Lhere A
person who makes a pllgrlmage Lo Chakra LlrLh and observes a fasL for a day becomes absolved
of helnous of slns kAlLA 1l81P
uescrlblng Lhe orlgln of kaplla varaha (an ldol of lord varaha made by sage kaplla) lord
varaha Lold rlLhvl Sage kaplla was a greaL devoLee of mlne Pe had made my ldol and
worshlpped lL regularly LaLer on lndra acqulred lL and sLarLed worshlpplng lL 1he demon klng
8avana Look lL Lo Lanka afLer defeaLlng lndra ln a baLLle ln 1reLa ?uga l (Srl 8ama) defeaLed
hlm and made vlbhlshan hls broLher Lhe klng of Lanka 1hls way Lhe ldol came under Lhe
possesslon of vlbhlshan buL he agreed Lo parL wlLh lL aL my requesL 1hls was how l broughL LhaL
ldol Lo Ayodhya AfLer reachlng Ayodhya l presenLed lL Lo ShaLrughan as a reward for kllllng
Lavanasur LaLer on whlle ShaLrughan was golng Lo MaLhura he carrled LhaL ldol along wlLh
hlm
CCvA8uPAn 1l81P
Lord varaha conLlnulng wlLh Lhe descrlpLlon of varlous holy places Lold rlLhvl abouL Lhe
magnlflcence of Covardhan parvaL Covardhan parvaL ls slLuaLed near MaLhura lL wlll have
greaL rellglous lmporLance because lL wlll wlLness a greaL feaL of mlne ln uwapar ?uga l shall
llfL Lhls mounLaln Lo proLecL people from Lhe lncessanL raln caused by lndra 1here are numerous
holy places of greaL rellglous slgnlflcance ln Lhe vlclnlLy of Covardhan mounLaln llke lndra LlrLh
?ama LlrLh varuna LlrLh and kubera LlrLh 1here ls also a famous freshwaLer lake called
kadamb khand where people perform Larpan of Lhelr ancesLors
CCkA8nA 1l81P
Lord varaha Lold rlLhvl abouL Lhe greaLness of Cokarna LlrLh Long long ago Lhere llved a
valshya named vasukarn aL MaLhura Sushlla hls wlfe was deeply rellglous buL lnsplLe of LhaL
she was lssueless Cne day she had gone Lo Lake her baLh ln rlver SaraswaLl where she found
many women Laklng Lhelr baLh 1he chlldren of Lhese women were playlng nearby Sushlla
became very sad and belng unable Lo conLrol her emoLlons sLarLed crylng
A sage saw her crylng and asked her as Lo whaL made her so sad Sushlla narraLed her woeful
Lale Lo hlm 1he sage Look plLy on her and advlsed her Lo worshlp lord Cokarna 1he sage sald
?ou wlll deflnlLely be blessed wlLh a son Sushlla wenL home and narraLed Lhe whole lncldenL Lo
her husband 8oLh of Lhem sLarLed worshlpplng lord Cokarna Mahadeva wlLh LoLal devoLlon
AfLer Len years a son was born Lo Lhem vasukarn named LhaL chlld afLer lord Cokarna Lo express
hls graLlLude Lo Lhe delLy
ln course of Llme Cokarna grew up and goL marrled buL even afLer a long Llme he dld noL have a
progeny So hls faLher marrled hlm Lo Lhree more women one afLer anoLher buL even Lhls dld noL
prove Lo be of any help Lo Cokarna because he remalned a sonless person 1hls made Cokarna
very sad and he engaged hlmself ln varlous charlLable acLlvlLles Lhlnklng LhaL Lhe vlrLues Lhus
aLLalned mlghL bless hlm ln begeLLlng a son Pe goL consLrucLed many Lemples and ordered wells
Lo be dug up for Lhe benlflL of Lhe Lravellers very soon all hls money was spenL and he became
worrled abouL Lhe fuLure of hls famlly So he declded Lo go Lo dlsLanL places Lo earn wealLh
Cnce whlle on hls [ourney he meL a dlvlne parroL who possessed Lremendous knowledge Cokarna was
very much lmpressed by Lhe parroLs knowledge Pe asked Lhe parroL from where
had lL lmblbed such dlvlne knowledge 1he parroL revealed Lo hlm LhaL he was Shukodar ln lLs
prevlous blrLh and was a learned man Pe had aLLalned Lhe form of parroL due Lo Lhe curse of sage
Shukdev 8uL sage Shukdev had been klnd enough Lo allow hlm Lo reLaln all Lhe knowledge ln hls
nexL blrLh 1he parroL also Lold Cokarna how lL had been kepL lnslde a cage by a fowler and
requesLed hlm Lo help lL ouL from Lhe capLlvlLy
Cokarna requesLed Lhe fowler Lo glve Lhe learned parroL Lo hlm 1he fowler agreed buL asked for
all Lhe vlrLues aLLalned by Cokarna ln reLurn Cokarna happlly agreed Lo donaLe all hls vlrLues and
proceeded wlLh LhaL parroL now Cokarna had become berefL of all hls vlrLues he had aLLalned so
far Cnce whlle he was on a voyage ln connecLlon wlLh hls Lrade Lhe shlp was caughL ln a severe
cyclone and Lhe chances of survlval looked very bleak All hls fellow Lravellers had a
mlsconcepLlon LhaL Lhey had been sLruck by Lhe mlsforLune only because of Cokarnas slns 1he
parroL was saddened afLer hearlng whaL people sald abouL hls masLer lL declded Lo help hlm and
flew away Lowards norLh Whlle flylng lL found a vlshnu Lemple where many dlvlne women and
oLher creaLures had gaLhered Lo worshlp 1he descendanLs of !aLayu were also among Lhem 1he
parroL narraLed Lhe woeful Lale of hls masLer Lo all of Lhem All Lhe dlvlne blrds declded Lo help
Cokarna
1he dlvlne blrds lnsLrucLed Lhe parroL Lo follow Lhem and Lhen flew Lowards Lhe place where
Cokarnas shlp was sLranded llnally Lhey were successful ln resculng Cokarna and brlnglng hlm
back Lo Lhe same Lemple Cokarna worshlpped lord keshav and performed Lhe rlLuals of Larpan ln
Lhe name of hls ancesLors ln Lhe meanLlme all Lhe dlvlne women also arrlved Lhere Lo worshlp
1hey were pleased Lo meeL Cokarna and gave hlm dlvlne food Lo eaL 1hey also allowed hlm Lo
sLay Lhere for as long as he wlshed
Meanwhlle Lhe shlp managed Lo reach Lhe sea shore Cokarnas companlons meL hls parenLs and
narraLed Lhe whole lncldenL Lo hlm Cokarnas parenLs were fllled wlLh sorrow aL Lhe faLe of Lhelr
son Cn Lhe oLher hand Cokarna conLlnued Lo llve ln LhaL Lemple for a long perlod Pe was
worrled abouL hls faLher as lL had been a long Llme slnce he saw hlm Pe senL Lhe parroL Lo brlng
hls news 1he parroL flew away Lo MaLhura and meL hls faLhervasukarn vasukarn Lhanked Lhe
parroL for savlng hls sons llfe 1he parroL Lhen flew back on hls reLurn [ourney and gave Lhe good
news Lo Cokarna
Cne day Cokarna found Lhe dlvlne ladles exLremely sad When asked Lhey Lold hlm LhaL Lhe
klng of Ayodhya had desLroyed Lhe beauLlful gardens of MaLhura and Lhls was Lhe reason for Lhelr
sadness Cokarna assured Lhem LhaL he would convlnce Lhe klng Lo abandon hls evll plan lf he goL
a chance Lo meeL hlm 1he dlvlne women Lhen provlded Cokarna wlLh a dlvlne alrcrafL boarded
on whlch he reached MaLhura Cokarna meL Lhe klng and managed Lo convlnce hlm agalnsL
desLroylng beauLlful gardens 1he klng was exLrLemely lmpressed by hls knowledge and
presenLed greaL amounL of wealLh Lo hlm 1hls way all Lhe dlvlne women became happy once
agaln
Cokarna Lhen wenL home and meL hls famlly members Pls parenLs and hls wlves were very
pleased Lo see hlm Cokarna Lhen goL consLrucLed a Shukdev Lemple Lo honor hls savlour Lhe
learned parroL lL was only because of LhaL parroL LhaL he could acqulre such wlsdom and knowledge 1o
express hls graLlLude Lo Lhe fowler he donaLed all Lhe vlrLues he had acqulred by
Laklng baLh ln Lhe holy confluence (Lrlvenl) because had lL noL been for Lhe fowler he would never
have goL Lhe knowledgeable parroL Cokarna llved happlly for a long Llme
lnS1ALLA1lCn Cl luCLS
luCL MAuL Cl WCCu
rlLhvl requesLed lord varaha Lo descrlbe Lhe proper meLhods of lnsLalllng varlous Lypes of ldols
Lord varaha replled LhaL a devoLee deslrous of maklng a wooden ldol musL selecL Lhe wood of
8assla laLlfolla for hls purpose 1he wood should be purlfled and Lhen glven shape as per Lhe
appearance of Lhe delLy 1he ldol ls Lhen lnsLalled ln a Lemple amldsL Lhe performance of
approprlaLe rlLuals uurlng lnsLallaLlon ceremony varlous arLlcles llke camphor vermllllon
sandalwood lncense eLc are offered Lo Lhe delLy 1he swasLlka mark ls a slgn of ausplclousness
so Lhe devoLee musL keep Lhls ln mlnd whlle glvlng shape Lo Lhe ldol
1hls swasLlka mark musL be carved ouL on Lhe ldol Slmllarly oLher slgns of lord vlshnu llke
srlvaLsa and kaushLubh should also be carved ouL on Lhe ldol Lord vlshnu ls Lhen lnvoked and
requesLed Lo dwell wlLhln LhaL ldol by chanLlng manLras AfLer Lhe delLy has been lnvoked Lhe
wood no longer remalns a llfeless sLrucLure buL lL becomes Lhe embodlmenL of Lhe delLy 1he
ldol ls Lhen consldered Lo be flL for worshlp Whlle worshlpplng a devoLee should offer a bhoga
of kheer Lo Lhe delLy 8urnlng a ghee or sesameoll lamp ln fronL of Lhe delLy ls consldered good
1he devoLee should Lhen clrcumambulaLe around Lhe Lemple premlse Whlle clrcumambulaLlng
he should keep on chanLlng Lhe sacred manLra om namo narayanay 1he ldol Lhus lnsLalled
should be worshlpped dally wlLhouL fallure
S1CnL luCL
A proflclenL sculpLor should be chosen Lo carve ouL Lhe delLys shape from a pure and spoLless sLone
llrsL of all Lhe sculpLor should clearly draw Lhe ouLllne of delLys appearance on Lhe sLone wlLh a marker
and Lhen carefully carve lL ouL from Lhe sLone 1he ldol ls Lhen purlfled by sprlnkllng akshaL on Lhe
delLys
ldol Whlle worshlpplng a devoLee should burn a ghee lamp and lnvoke lord vlshnu Lo dwell ln LhaL ldol
by
chanLlng Lhe sacred manLra om namo narayanay 1he lnsLallaLlon of ldol belng compleLe he should
observe a fasL for Lhe whole nlghL nexL mornlng afLer flnlshlng hls dally chores he should puL on whlLe
cloLhes and change hls old yagyopavlL wlLh a new one 1he ldol Lhus made ls consldered flL Lo be
worshlpped urvabhadrapad ls consldered Lo be Lhe besL Llme for Lhe lnsLallaLlon of a sLoneldol
uurlng
Lhe course of lnsLallaLlon ceremony a devoLee should llve elLher on mllk or cereal llke barley 1he rlLuals
of worshlp conslsL of numerous acLlvlLles llke llghLlng four lamps ln fronL of Lhe delLy keeplng four small
poLs each fllled up wlLh arLlcles llke panchagavya waLer sandalwood and mllk 1he rlLuals of worshlp
are
consldered Lo be lncompleLe wlLhouL Lhe chanLlngs of vedlc manLras
LA81PLn Anu CCL8 luCLS
A devoLee should carefully make a beauLlful earLhen ldol wlLhouL any slgn of crack 1he mosL
ausplclous Llme for Lhe lnsLallaLlon of an earLhen ldol ls sald Lo be durlng Shravana nakshaLra
An lnvocaLlon ls made Lo Lhe delLy Lo dwell wlLhln Lhe ldol afLer whlch abluLlon of Lhe ldol ls
performed wlLh Lhe help of varlous arLlcles llke holy waLer panchagavya sandalwood eLc 1he rlLuals of
worshlp are slmllar Lo LhaL of woodden or sLoneldol 1he besL Llme for Lhe
lnsLallaLlon of copper ldol ls sald Lo be durlng chlLra nakshaLra 1he ldol should be lnsLalled
faclng norLh and should be purlfled wlLh Lhe help of holy waLer panchagavya eLc 1hen Lhe delLy
ls lnvoked Lo dwell wlLhln Lhe ldol 1he lnvocaLlon ls made by chanLlng sacred manLras now Lhe
ldol ls flL Lo be worshlpped 1he rlLuals are same as menLloned earller
88CnZL luCL
1he mosL ausplclous Llme for Lhe lnsLallaLlon of bronzeldol ls sald Lo be durlng [yeshLha
nakshaLra 1he ldol should be lnsLalled faclng norLh AL Lhe Llme of lnsLallaLlon Lhe devoLee musL
noL forgeL Lo keep four small poLs ln fronL of Lhe delLy each fllled wlLh arLlcles llke panchgavya
waLer sandalwood and honey 1he rlLuals of lnvocaLlon as well as worshlp are same as
menLloned earller
SlLvL8 Anu CCLu luCLS
1he rlLuals for Lhe lnsLallaLlon of sllver or gold ldols are slmllar Lo LhaL of copper or bronze ldol
rlLhvl requesLed lord varaha Lo reveal Lhe name of delLles whom a devoLee can worshlp aL home
Lord vlshnu replled A devoLee can worshlp any delLy aL home buL worshlp of Lwo Shlvallngas
ls prohlblLed Slmllarly a devoLee should never worshlp Lhree Shallgrams or Lhree uurga ldols or
Lwo Surya ldols A devoLee should also never worshlp Shallgrams addlng up Lo odd numbers 3
3 7 eLc 8uL Lhere ls no harm ln worshlpplng one Shallgram A devoLee musL never worshlp
broken or cracked ldol because lL does noL bode well for Lhe worshlpper A chakra mark on Lhe
Shallgram ls consldered as very ausplclous and lL can be worshlpped even lf Lhe ldol ls broken or
cracked 1he vlrLues aLLalned by worshlpplng Lwelve Shallgrams are slmllar Lo LhaL of
worshlpplng Lwelve crore Shlvallngas arLaklng of charnamrlL LhaL has been offered Lo
Shallgram absolves a man from all hls slns Anybody who elLher buys or sells a Shallgram ls
cerLaln Lo go Lo hell
8l1uALS L81AlnlnC 1C LAS1 8l1LS
l18A ?AC?A
rlLhvl requesLed lord varaha Lo deflne Lhe meanlng of lLra yagya (rlLuals perLalnlng Lo lasL rlLe)
and lLs slgnlflcance Lord varaha replled Sage nlml was Lhe flrsL person Lo perform Lhe Lhe
rlLuals of plLrayagya afLer Lhe deaLh of hls son ALreya Sage ALreya ls famous for hls penance
whlch he dld for Len Lhousand years When ALreya dled hls faLhernlml was fllled wlLh grlef
nlml Lrled hls besL Lo overcome hls sorrow buL Lo no avall Pe mourned hls sons deaLh for Lhree
consecuLlve nlghLs Pe LhoughL LhaL perhaps Lhe performance of shradha rlLuals would be Lhe
besL means Lo geL rld of hls sorrow So he declded Lo perform Lhe shradha rlLuals on Lhe LwelfLh
day of magh Cn LhaL day he lnvlLed many brahmlns and fed Lhem wlLh Lhe same dellcacles
whlch ALreya would have llked Lo eaL Pe performed all Lhe rlLuals well wlLhln a day whlch
would oLherwlse have Laken a week Lo perform Pe also performed Lhe rlLuals of plnda dan by
donaLlng cereals vegeLables and frulLs Whlle performlng Lhe rlLuals of plndadan he Look some
kusha grass ln hls hands and afLer polnLlng lL Lowards souLh chanLed ALreyas name and goLra ln Lhe
nlghL nlml saL on Lhe seaL of deerskln underneaLh whlch kusha grass had been spread Pe
Lhen Lrled Lo concenLraLe on Lhe Llp of Lhe nose 8uL ln splLe of all hls efforLs Lhere was no slgn of
menLal peace he was so desperaLely seeklng and LhoughL of hls dead son conLlnued Lo LormenL
hlm
nlml was Lroubled by a gullL LhaL perhaps he had seL a bad precedenL by performlng Lhe rlLuals
of plnda dan because nobody ln Lhe pasL had ever performed Lhe rlLuals Pe was worrled as Lo
whaL would Lhe comlng generaLlon Lhlnk of hlm Pe was so much Lroubled by Lhe LhoughL LhaL he
could noL sleep for Lhe whole nlghL nexL mornlng he goL up sLlll worrled Pe remalned ln a
dlsLurbed sLaLe of mlnd for many days AL lasL when lL became Loo much for hlm Lo handle he
declded Lo end hls llfe ln Lhe meanLlme sage narada arrlved Lhere and assured hlm LhaL Lhere
was noLhlng Lo be worrled abouL as whaLever he had done was mosL approprlaLe narada also
convlnced hlm LhaL even hls (nlmls) dead faLher would vouch for Lhls facL
nlml remembered hls faLher who had dled long ago Pls faLher revealed Lo hlm LhaL Lhe rlLuals
whlch he had performed were ln facL Lhe rlLuals of plLrayagya uescrlblng Lhe lmporLance of
plLrayagya nemls faLher Lold hlm 1he name plLrayagya was glven by none oLher Lhan lord
8rahma hlmself who was Lhe flrsL one Lo perform Lhe rlLuals LaLer on lord 8rahma had
descrlbed Lhe rlLuals Lo narada and Lhls ls why narada was convlnced LhaL you had commlLLed no
wrong nemls faLher Lhen descrlbed as Lo whaL should be done wlLh regard Lo Lhe person who lay
dylng When Lhe deaLh approaches a person looses hls consclousness and becomes exLremely
fearful AL LhaL Llme a brahmln should consLanLly sLudy Lhe scrlpLures so LhaL he could dle ln
peace uonaLlng a cow helps Lo paclfy Lhe soul of a dead person lf sacred manLras are
whlshpered ln Lhe ears of a dylng person he dles peacefully When Lhe deaLh seems lmmlnenL a
morsel of Madhupark (mlxLure of curd waLer honey and clarlfled buLLer) should be kepL ln Lhe
mouLh of Lhe dylng person Whlle dolng Lhls one should pray Lo Lhe almlghLy Lo llberaLe Lhe dead
mans soul 1he dead body should Lhen be carrled and kepL under a Lree where lL ls purlfled by
smearlng ghee oll perfumes eLc lL ls Lhen carrled Lo cremaLlon ground and kepL aL Lhe bank of a
rlverfeeL polnLlng Lowards souLh AfLer Lhls Lhe dead body should be baLhed by rememberlng all
Lhe sacred places of pllgrlmage lL should Lhen be kepL on Lhe pyrefeeL polnLlng souLh 1he pyre
should be llL and Lhe followlng prayer should be saldC Agnldeva! l pray Lo you Lo burn all Lhe
slns commlLLed by Lhls person so LhaL he aLLalns Lo heaven now clrcumambulaLlon around Lhe
pyre ls made and Lhe pyre ls llL Lowards Lhe head slde
AfLer conslgnlng Lhe dead body Lo flames Lhe rlLuals of Larpan and plndadan are performed
All Lhe people assembled Lhere should purlfy Lhemselves before reLurnlng home 1he perlod
sLarLlng from Lhe Llme Lhe dead body ls conslgned Lo flames Llll Lhe nexL Len days ls called
Ashaucha lL ls appllcable Lo all Lhe relaLlves comlng from Lhe same goLra of Lhe deceased
ASPAuCPA Anu lnuA kALA
Ashaucha means lmpurlLy so lL ls Lhe perlod durlng whlch Lhe son of Lhe deceased ls consldered
Lo be lmpure 1he perlod beglns from Lhe day on whlch Lhe deaLh has occurred and conLlnues for
Lhe followlng Len days varaha lndadan means offerlng cerLaln klnd of food Lo Lhe deceased ln
Lhe bellef LhaL lL would saLlaLe hls soul Lord varaha whlle descrlblng abouL Lhe rlLuals whlch are
supposed Lo be performed durlng Lhe
perlod of ashaucha and also Lhe rlLuals of maklng plnda dan Lold rlLhvl 1he observer of
shradha rlLuals should Lake hls baLh ln a rlver on Lhe Lhlrd day from Lhe day on whlch deaLh has
occured AfLer Laklng hls baLh he should offer Lhree plndas (conslsLlng of cereal flour) as well as
Lhree palmful of waLer lnLo Lhe rlver ln Lhe name of Lhe deceased Cn Lhe fourLh flfLh slxLh and
sevenLh days he should make offerlngs of one plnda and one palmful of waLer ln Lhe name of Lhe
deceased Pe should never make offerlngs of Lhe lndas aL Lhe same place on Lhe conLrary he
should selecL dlferenL spoLs for Lhls purpose
Cn Lhe LenLh day he should geL hls halr Lonsured and change hls cloLhes Pls relaLlves (samegoLra)
should Lake Lhelr baLh afLer applylng an olnLmenL prepared from sesame seeds amla and
oll on Lhelr bodles LkodlshLa Shradha ls performed on Lhe elevenLh day lor Lhls rlLual Lo be
performed Lhe concerned person should flrsL purlfy hlmself and Lhen offer lnda Lo Lhe deceased
person as well as oLher manes 1he rlLuals of LkodlshLa Shradha are same for all Lhe four casLes
1he brahmlns should be lnvlLed and fed on Lhe LhlrLeenLh day Whlle feedlng Lhe brahmlns a
rellglous vow (Sankalpa) ls Laken ln Lhe name of Lhe deceased person
lor Lhe purpose of offerlng plnda an alLar should be made aL rlverbank or any oLher sulLable
place 1he rlLuals can be performed elLher faclng souLh or easL Cfferlng 64 (lndas) ls
consldered Lo be ldeal lnda dan can also be made under a peepal Lree buL Lhe place should be
well proLecLed from Lhe reach of anlmals llke dogs cock plgs eLc lL ls belleved LhaL lf Lhese
anlmals vlslL Lhe place where lnda dan ls belng made Lhen lL becomes dlfflculL for Lhe soul Lo
aLLaln llberaLlon 1he rlLuals of lnda dan should be performed aL a pure place oLherwlse Lhere ls a
fear of soul golng Lo hell 1he name and Lhe goLra of Lhe deceased person should be pronounced
whlle performlng Lhe rlLuals AfLer Lhe rlLuals are compleLe all Lhe assembled persons may slL
down Lo have Lhelr meal
uonaLlng Lhlngs llke an umbrella cloLhes cereals ornamenLs Lo Lhe brahmlns are belleved Lo be
ausplclous
1PL lLAWLu SP8AuPA Anu l1S 8LvLn1lCn
rlLhvl requesLed Lord varaha Lo descrlbe abouL Lhe mlsLakes commlLLed durlng shradha rlLuals
and how Lhey could be prevenLed
Lord varaha replledlL ls a grave sln Lo parLake of a meal meanL for Lhe soul of Lhe deceased
person Anybody who has commlLLed Lhls sln should aLone for hls sln by observlng a fasL for full
day and a nlghL Pe also has Lo perform many oLher rlLuals llke Laklng baLh ln a rlver flowlng
easLward performlng Larpan maklng offerlngs of sesame seeds lnLo Lhe flre ShanLl paLh Mangal
paLh eLc arLaklng of anchagavya (a mlxLure of cows mllk cows urlne cowdung curd and
charlfled buLLer) or Madhupark ls also belleved Lo purlfy such a person
Slmllarly showlng dlsrespecL Lo Lhe lnvlLed brahmlns ls also consldered Lo be a grave sln
uonaLlng arLlcles Lo unworLhy brahmlns ls also consldered Lo be an lnapproprlaLe acL 1he
performer of Shradha should refraln from all Lhese acLs 8LA8A1lCn Cl MAuPuA8k
Whlle descrlblng Lhe meLhod of preparlng Madhupark Lord varaha Lold rlLhvlMadhupark
manlfesLed from Lhe rlghL half of my body aL Lhe Llme when Lhe process of creaLlon began 1hls ls
Lhe reason why lL ls so pure Anybody who makes offerlng of Madhupark ln Lhe course of my
worshlp aLLalns Lo my abode lor Lhe preparaLlon of Madhupark honey curd and ghee are mlxed
ln equal proporLlon Whlle preparlng lL sacred manLras ln my pralse should be consLanLly chanLed
Clvlng some Madhupark Lo a dylng man llberaLes hls soul
uLSC8l1lCn Cl PLLL
nACPlkL1AS LxL8lLnCL
Cnce !anme[ay asked Sage valshampayan abouL ?amra[purl and lLs locaLlon Pe also wanLed Lo
know as Lo whaL should a man do so LhaL he does noL have Lo go Lhere
Sage valshampayan narraLed Lhe Lale of nachlkeLa one of Lhe few blessed persons Lo have
vlslLed ?amara[purl wlLh hls morLal body Long Long ago Lhere llved a Sage named uddyalak
Pe had a son named nachlkeLa Cne day whlle uddyalak was performlng a?agya nachlkeLa
arrlved Lhere and dlsLurbed hlm by repeaLedly asklng 1o whom wlll you glve me? Sage
uddyalak ln a flL of rage cursed nachlkeLa Lo go Lo hell 8uL afLer he cooled down he regreLLed
for havlng cursed hls dear son nachlkeLa belng an obedlenL son was ready Lo go Lo hell Pls
faLher Lrled hls besL Lo convlnce hlm agalnsL dolng Lhls buL Lo no avall nachlkeLa assured hls
faLher LhaL he would reLurn safely afLer vlslLlng ?ampurl
1hus nachlkeLa wenL Lo ?ampurl and meL ?amara[Lhe lord of deaLh Pe sLayed Lhere for
some days and wlLnessed all Lhe evenLs Laklng place over Lhere ulLlmaLely he soughL ?amara[s
permlsslon Lo reLurn When he reLurned home hls faLher was exLremely dellghLed Lo flnd hls son
allve very soon Lhe place was Lhronged by many people and everybody was curlous Lo know
abouL hls experlences durlng hls sLay ln Lhe hell nachlkeLa replled Slnners llke llars greedy
people [ealous people calumlnaLors Lreacherers eLc go Lo hell Slmllarly one who kllls a chlld
or a woman or kllls a brahmln or one who crlLlclzes Lhe vedas or lends money on lnLeresL or
one who abandons hls parenLs or falLhful wlfe or one who clrlLlzes hls guru or one who sells
llquor or a brahmln who sells vedas goes Lo hell and LasLes Lhe frulLs of hls slnul acLlons
?amapurl ls made of gold and spread ln Lhe area of one Lhousand yo[an lL ls well forLlfled and lL
ls lmposslble for anybody Lo Lresspass lLs LerrlLory l saw slnners experlenclng unbearable LorLure
over Lhere l also saw couple of rlvers flowlng Lhereushpodaka aL Lhe bank of whlch Lhere are
Lrees ln abundance and valvaswaLl whlch flows Lhrough Lhe cenLral parL of ?amapurl
valvaswaLl conLalns dlvlne waLer whlch never drles up ?amapurl has Lwo enLrancesone
Lhrough whlch only vlrLuous souls llke sages and hermlLs are allowed Lo enLer and Lhe second
Lhrough whlch slnners enLer ?amapurl 1he former enLrance ls such LhaL even heaL loses lLs
quallLy ln lLs vlclnlLy 1he laLLer enLrance ls slLuaLed ln Lhe souLh and has a large lron gaLe l also
saw Lhree large dlLches called Audoombar Avlrchlman and uchchavach whlch are meanL for Lhe
slnners Slnners are also forced Lo pass Lhrough Lhe flames LhaL conLlnuously keep on
errupLlng Lo Lhe wesL of ?amapurl
l saw a grand assembly hall where LruLhful and vlrLuous people llve lL ls graced by Lhe presence
of sages llke Manu vyasa ALrl CauLam Anglra 8hrlgu and oLhers 1here l saw a goddess who
ls worshlpped by ?amara[ 1he goddess conLrols all Lhe funcLlons of Lhe world l also saw Lhe
feroclous kala Pe possesses exLreme anger and ls very powerful 1lme does noL have any
lnfluence on hlm as Lhe resulL of whlch he en[oys eLernal youLh l also saw varlous Lypes of
demons and glanLs ln Lhe hell
l saw many messengers of ?amara[ punlshlng Lhe slnners Some were beaLlng Lhe slnners wlLh
sLlcks ln Lhelr hands whlle some slnners were belng forced Lo enLer flre l saw all Lhe slnner
walllng and repenLlng for Lhelr slnful deeds Many slnners were kepL aL a very dark place where
Lhere was no llghL 1hose who had commlLLed graver slns were puL ln bolllng oll l saw many
slnners belng glven all sorLs of severe punlshmenL l saw a place where lron nalls were spread all
around 1hls was Lhe place where people who breached Lhe modesLy of women were glven
punlshmenL
l saw Len dlfferenL hells1apLa MahaLapL 8aurav eLc Lach of Lhe laLLer ls more feroclous Lhan
Lhe former 1he slnners are senL Lo all Lhese hells on Lhe basls of Lhe gravlLy of Lhelr slns ?amara[
hlmself lnsLrucLs chlLragupLa on Lhe punlshmenL Lo be glven Lo Lhese slnners
kA8MA vlAk
karma vlpak means Lhe frulLs one reaps accordlng Lo hls or her karma Whlle conLlnulng wlLh
Lhe descrlpLlon of varlous aspecLs of hell nachlkeLa Lold Lhe assembled sagesAL ?amapurl
ChlLragupLa goes Lhrough Lhe record of all Lhe deeds commlLLed by a man when he was allve and
brlngs lnLo Lhe noLlce of ?amara[
?amara[ Lhen decldes upon Lhe punlshmenL Lo be glven Lo Lhe concerned soul 1he punlshmenL
can be varled llke lf Lhe soul was vlrLuous Lhen lL would be senL Lo heaven or Lhe soul may even
be made Lo Lake blrLh as a Lree or an anlmal or any oLher creaLure Slnners llke Lhose who had
remalned dlslncllned Lowards any klnd of vlrLuous deed or Lhose who had abandoned Lhelr
falLhful wlves were senL Lo Lhe hell named 8aurav 1he souls of vlrLuous people were senL Lo Lhe
heaven 1hose who had exLreme aLLachmenL Lo women Look reblrLh as human belngs eople who
had aLLalned marLyrdom whlle flghLlng a baLLle were senL Lo lndrapurl 1hose who had engaged
Lhemselves ln vlrLuous deeds LhroughouL Lhelr llves were rewarded for Lhelr good deeds
vl81uLS Cl CPAS1l1?
llrsL of all Lhe area ls purlfled by coaLlng lL wlLh cowdung afLer whlch a black deerskln ls
spread on lL alongwlLh kusha grass 1wo poLs one large and Lhe oLher a small one are placed
slde by slde 1hese poLs are fllled wlLh sugarcane [ulce and symbollze 8asauhenu and Lhe calf
lour sugarcanes symbollzlng Lhe four legs of 8asauhenu are flxed aL four corners AfLer LhaL
one small sllver plece ls placed aL Lhe base of each of Lhe sugarcanes symbollzlng hoofs 8asauhenu ls
Lhen adorned wlLh colourful cloLhs and flowers Agaln four small poLs fllled wlLh
sesame seeds are kepL aL Lhe four corners near 8asauhenu AfLer Lhe worshlp ls accompllshed
8asauhenu ls donaLed Lo a brahmln A person who donaLes 8asauhenu ls llberaLed from all hls
slns and all hls ancesLors as well as Lhe generaLlons Lo come aLLaln Lo Lhe Peaven
Ll8L8A1lCn l8CM SlnS
narada asked ?amara[ abouL Lhe reason why [oy was so eluslve Lo human belngs Pe also wanLed
Lo know abouL Lhe reasons for mans sorrows
?amara[ replledMans desLlny ls deflned by hls own acLlons Pe has Lo LasLe Lhe frulLs of hls
acLlons Pe has Lo LasLe Lhe frulLs of hls each and every acLlons So when a man flnds hlmself
amldsL sorrows he musL reallze LhaL he ls reaplng Lhe frulLs of hls pasL acLlons lf a man commlLs
vlrLuous deeds Lhen [oy ls experlenced buL slnful deeds lnvlLe sorrows and mlserles ueslres force
a man Lo Lake counLless blrLh A man Lakes blrLh on Lhe basls of hls pasL karmas Cod does noL
lnLerfere ln Lhls maLLer So only foollsh people curse Cod for Lhelr mlserles 1hey forgeL LhaL
Lhelr sorrows are of Lhelr own maklng A man can llberaLe hlmself from slns by engaglng ln
vlrLuous deeds and absLalnlng from slnful deeds A man should perform hls duLles wlLh a sense of
deLachmenL because aLLachmenL resulLs lnLo Lhe LransmlgraLlon of Lhe soul
Lord 8rahma has declared LhaL Shlshumar chakra ls Lhe symbollc expresslon of hls own self
Anybody deslrous of geLLlng llberaLed from hls slns musL make an lmage of Lhls chakra and
worshlp lL Cne who vlsuallses Lhls chakra wlLhln hls body Loo becomes llberaLed from hls slns
MenLal worshlp of varlous planeLs (!uplLer venus Mercury SaLurn Mars eLc) vlsuallzed aL Lhe
varlous polnLs of Lhls chakra helps a man Lo become llberaLed from all Lhe slns Slmllarly
pracLlslng ranayama for hundred Llmes helps a man Lo become llberaLed from all Lhe slns 1he
mosL easlesL way Lo become llberaLed from slns ls by engaglng oneself ln Lhe servlLude of a cow
1hls deed ls as vlrLuous as maklng pllgrlmages Lo all Lhe sacred places LogeLher Cbservlng fasL
on Lkadashl also helps a man Lo become llberaLed from hls slns Pavlng flnlshed hls narraLlons
nachlkeLa looked aL Lhe sages who were llsLenlng wlLh rapL aLLenLlon 1he sages Lhanked
nachlkeLa for enllghLenlng Lhem on Lhe sacred place called ?amapurl
MlSCLLLAnLCuS S1C8lLS
CCkA8nLSPWA8
1he famous baLLle of 1arakamaya had ended 1he delLles afLer havlng defeaLed Lhe demons had
once agaln regalned Lhe conLrol of heaven Lord 8rahma belng saLlsfled wlLh Lhe posLlve ouLcome
of Lhe war was engrossed ln hls medlLaLlon when SanaLkumar arrlved and askedC Lord! l am
anxlous Lo know abouL Lhe orlgln of Lhree famous ShlvallngasuLLarCokarn uakshalnCokarn
and Srlngeshwar WhaL made Lord Shlva Lo Lake Lhe form of a deer (Cokarn)? lease enllghLen
me on all Lhese sub[ecLs
Lord 8rahma replled1he norLhern peak of Mandarachal mounLaln ls famously known as
Mun[awan 1hls place ls dlvlnely beauLlful and Lhe sLones and rocks over Lhere gllLLer llke dlamonds lL
has many rlvers lakes and sprlngs 1he aLmosphere overLhere ls so serene LhaL even
Lhe delLles are LempLed Lo have Lhelr abodes aL LhaL place 1hls sacred place ls graced by Lhe
presence of SLhanu Maheshwar
nandl Lhe lord of all Lhe Canas of Shlva was a vlrLuous brahmln ln 1reLa ?uga Cnce he dld
an ausLere penance Lo reallze lord Shlva 1he penance lasLed for one Lhousand years AL lasL Lord
Shlva became pleased and appeared before hlm Lord Shlva blessed nandl wlLh an appearance
slmllar Lo hlm (Shlva)
Lord Shlva sald lrom Loday onwards you wlll be blessed wlLh Lhree eyes [usL llke me ?ou wlll
be worshlpped by Lhe delLles and demons allke ?ou wlll be lmmorLal and Llme and age wlll have
no effecL upon you ?ou are belng granLed wlLh Lhe lordshlp of all my Canas lL wlll be your duLy
Lo sLand guard aL Lhe enLrance of my dwelllng place
Lord Shlva Lhen lnformed nandl LhaL ln a shorL Llme Lhe delLles would be vlslLlng hlm (nandl)
uue Lo some reason Lord Shlva had pledged noL Lo glve delLles an opporLunlLy Lo see hls physlcal
form So afLer blesslng nandl Shlva dlsappeared and wenL Lo llve ln SleshmaLak foresL ln Lhe
form of a deer nandl was unaware of Lhls facL
Meanwhlle afLer belng blessed by Shlva nandl had aLLalned a dlvlnely radlanL form When Lhe
delLles saw nandl possesslng Lhree eyes lnsLead of Lwo Lhey lmmedlaLely undersLood LhaL Lhls
could noL have happened wlLhouL Lhe blesslng of Lord Shlva
All Lhe delLles arrlved aL Mun[awan peak and requesLed nandl Lo reveal Shlvas whereabouLs
nandl expressed hls helplessness and Lold Lhem LhaL he was noL aware where Shlva wenL afLer
blesslng hlm Pe requesLed Lhe delLles Lo flnd ouL Shlva on Lhelr own 1he delLles searched for
Shlva ln all Lhe Lhree worlds buL could noL flnd hlm l (Lord 8rahma) was also presenL ln Lhe
searchLeam of Lhe delLles l saL down Lo medlLaLe ln Lhe deep sLaLe of medlLaLlon l came Lo know
LhaL Shlva was llvlng ln Lhe form of a deer ln sleshmaLak foresL l revealed Lhls facL Lo Lhe delLles
All Lhe delLles Lhen wenL lnLo Lhe sleshmaLak foresL and recognlsed Shlva llvlng ln Lhe form of a
deer 1he deer (Shlva) had one horn on lLs head All Lhe delLles ran Lowards Lhe deer wlLh Lhe
deslre of caLchlng hold of lL lndra held Lhe LopmosL parL of Lhe horn wlLh a flrm grlp whlle l
(Lord 8rahma) held lLs mlddle porLlon Slmllarly Lord vlshnu held Lhe lower parL very soon
Lhe horn goL uprooLed because of Lhe force whlch was belng applled on lL Lord Shlva vanlshed
ouL of our slghL We were lefL behlnd wlLh Lhree pleces of horn ln our hands We cursed ourselves
for our bad luck Suddenly we heard Shlvas volce lnsLrucLlng us Lo lnsLall Lhose pleces of horns
aL LhaL very place and worshlp Lhem 1he upper parL of Lhe horn became famous as uLLar Cokarn
whlle lLs mlddle porLlon became famous as uakshaln Cokarn 1he parL of Lhe horn whlch
vlshnu lnsLalled became famous as Srlngeshwar All Lhese Lhree places have lncomparable
rellglous slgnlflcance and are slLuaLed ln nepal SleshmaLak foresL ls slLuaLed aL Lhe dlsLance of 2
mlles from Lhe famous ashupaLlnaLh Lemple SanaLkumar Lhanked Lord 8rahma for
enllghLenlng hlm on Lhese secreL Loplcs
1PL MLAnS Cl vlSPnu 8LALlZA1lCnCnce Sage AgasLya narraLed Lhe followlng Lale Lo klng
8hadrashva Cne day narada wenL Lo
Lord vlshnu and asked abouL Lhe means by whlch a devoLee could reallze hlm Lord vlshnu
replled1hose who worshlp me by chanLlng Lhe manLras of elLher urushasukLa or valdlk
SamhlLa can cerLalnly reallze me 1hose who perform oblaLlon accordlng Lo Lhe rlLuals of
ancharaLra can also have my dlvlne gllmpse 8uL Lhe rlLuals of ancharaLra yagya can be
performed only by Lhe brahmlns All Lhe resL of Lhe casLes can reallze me by devoLlon chanLlng
my name and maklng pllgrlmage Lo holy places Sage AgasLya whlle glvlng dlscourse Lo klng
8hadrashwa also predlcLed LhaL slnners would ouLnumber Lhe vlrLuous ones ln kall ?uga and
saldeople would abandon Lhelr respecLlve dharmas and Lhe casLe sysLem would become
exLlncL
LC8u vlSPnu1PL ALMlCP1? CCu
Cnce Sage AgasLya had organlsed a grand yagya ln whlch he had lnvlLed all Lhe delLles and
sages Lord vlshnu Lord 8rahma and Lord Shlva also wenL Lhere AgasLya was puzzled as Lo
who was Lhe mosL superlor among all Lhree of Lhem Pe asked Lord Shlva ln Lhls regard Lord
Shlva replledCne who ls worshlpped by performlng oblaLlon Cne who ls Lhe source of Lhls
unlverse and lnLo whom lL ulLlmaLely merges ls none oLher Lhan Lord !anardhan So he should be
worshlpped flrsL of all
Pe ls Lhe only one who expresses hlmself ln Lhree forms8rahma vlshnu Mahesh 8a[as guna
ls predomlnanL ln lord 8rahma along wlLh some quanLlLles of SaLva guna and 1amogunaLord
8rahma has manlfesLed from Lhe naval of Lord vlshnu 1amas guna ls Lhe domlnanL quallLy ln
me (8udra) wlLh llLLle blL of saLva and ra[o gunas narayan ls Lhe embodlmenL of pure saLva guna
ln SaLya ?uga Pe ls worshlpped by Lhe means of medlLaLlon uurlng 1reLa ?uga Pe ls
worshlpped by Lhe means of oblaLlon uurlng uwapar ?uga Pe ls pleased by noLhlng buL Lhe
rlLuals of ancharaLra uurlng kall ?uga people wlll worshlp Plm by varlous means Lord
Shlvas revelaLlons had compleLely saLlsfled Sage AgasLya
SACL CAu1AM Cu8SLS 1PL 88APMlnS
1here were many sages presenL aL Lhe yagya organlsed by AgasLya Some of Lhem asked Lord
Shlva as Lo why he had creaLed some scrlpLures whlch appeared so confuslng Lo human belngs
Lord Shlva revealed Lo Lhem LhaL he had done so Lo proLecL Lhe brahmlns from Lhe curse of Sage
CauLam 1hen he narraLed Lhe lncldenL as lL had happened
uurlng anclenL Llmes Sage CauLam dld an ausLere penance ln uandakaranya foresL Lord
8rahma became pleased and gave hlm some dlvlne seeds capable of produclng eLernal crops
CauLam Lhen wenL Lo SapLaSrlng mounLaln and made hls hermlLage Lhere Pe sowed Lhe seeds
and became pleasanLly surprlsed when he saw rlce gralns sprouLlng up wlLhlln few momenLs Pe
llved Lhere happlly wlLh hls dlsclples ln course of Llme Lhe whole counLry was sLruck by famlne
excepL Lhe place where CauLam had hls hermlLage
Cne day few sages arrlved aL CauLams hermlLage CauLam LreaLed Lhem wlLh all Lhe respecL
1hese sages en[oyed Lhe hosplLallLy of CauLam and sLayed aL hls hermlLage Llll Lhe famlne phase was
over 1hen Lhey declded Lo go back Lo Lhelr respecLlve naLlve places When Lhey soughL
CauLams permlsslon he requesLed hlm Lo sLay for few more days 1he sages Lhen declded Lo use
decelLful means for Laklng CauLams permlsslon 1hey creaLed a superflclal cow wlLh Lhe help of
Lhelr lllusslonary powers and lefL lL near Lhe hermlLage of CauLam
CauLam was very pleased Lo see LhaL cow Pe euloglsed lL by sprlnkllng waLer on lL Pardly had
he flnlshed hls acL Lhan Lhe cow dled All Lhose wlcked sages arrlved Lhere and cursed CauLam for
kllllng an lnnocenL cow 1hey Lold hlm LhaL Lhey could never llve along wlLh a person who had
kllled a cow CauLam Lhen requesLed Lhose lmposLors Lo Lell abouL Lhe means by whlch he could
become absolved from Lhe helnous sln he had commlLLed 1he sages Lold hlm LhaL Lhe cow would
become allve once Canga waLer was sprlnkled on lLs body
CauLam once agaln dld a Lremendous penance Lo please Lord Shlva When lord Shlva appeared
he requesLed hlm Lo glve a lock of hls halr Lord Shlva agreed Lo glve a lock of hls halr Lo
CauLam CauLam Lhen wenL Lo Lhe spoL where Lhe cows body was lylng Pe sprlnkled some waLer
emanaLlng from Lhe halr 1he lllusslonary cow dlsappeared wlLhln a momenL and ln lLs place was
creaLed a rlver 8lghL Lhen Lhe sapLa rlshls arrlved Lhere and blessed CauLam Meanwhlle
CauLam reallzed LhaL a wlcked prank had been played on hlm by Lhose wlcked sages Pe cursed
Lhose wlcked sages LhaL Lhey would become berefL of Lhe knowledge of vedas and also LhaL Lhey
would no longer be enLlLled Lo perform Lhe vedlc rlLuals
1he SapLa rlshls requesLed CauLam Lo have mercy on Lhose unforLunaLe brahmlns CauLam Lhen
declared LhaL hls curse wlll come Lrue only ln kall ?uga and Lhose brahmlns wlll noL be affecLed
by hls curse ln all Lhe remalnlng Lhree yugas 1he SapLa rlshls came Lo me and lnformed me
abouL whaLever had happened Lo Lhose unforLunaLe brahmlns l creaLed Shlva SanhlLa from my
breaLh whlch ls slmllar Lo vedas as far as Lhe lmporLance of rlLuals are concerned l dld Lhls for
Lhe benedlcLlon of Lhe brahmlns l know LhaL brahmlns would fall from grace durlng kall ?uga
eople would glve llLLle respecL Lo Lhe vedas and creaLe Lhelr own scrlpLures Confuslon would be
prevalenL and people would dlscover false rellglons
8Ak8l1l Anu u8uSPA
Cnce Lord Shlva whlle descrlblng abouL Lhe lncldenL when he had a dlvlne gllmpse of Lord
narayan Lold Sage AgasLya
urusha ls none oLher Lhan Lord narayan hlmself and rakrlLl ls Lhe medlum Lhrough whlch he
manlfesLs hls powers l have been forLunaLe Lo have a dlvlne gllmpse of Lhls urusha Lord
8rahma afLer havlng creaLed me lnsLrucLed me Lo creaLe 8uL l dld noL know how Lo creaLe So l
declded Lo do penance and wenL lnLo Lhe ocean ln Lhe ocean l saw an enLlLy who was no more
Lhan Lhe slze of a Lhumb Pe was urusha hlmself and l lmmedlaLely recognlzed hlm l sLarLed
medlLaLlng on Lhe form of LhaL almlghLyurusha Suddenly eleven more enLlLles emerged
before me 1hey were all very radlanL and Lhe waLer had become hoL on accounL of Lhe heaL
emanaLlng from Lhelr bodles l asked Lhem as Lo who Lhey were buL Lhey dld noL glve any reply
and wenL ouL of my slghL 1he nexL momenL l saw an exLremely handsome man l asked hlm
abouL hls ldenLlLy and also abouL Lhe eleven enLlLles whom l had seen few momenLs ago 1hose
enLlLles were Lhe eleven AdlLyas and had gone Lo help Lord 8rahma ln Lhe process of creaLlon 1hen he
saldl am narayanaLhe omnlpresenL lord l am blesslng you wlLh dlvlne vlslon so LhaL
you can see my dlvlne appearance
When l flxed my glance aL narayan l was amazed Lo see Lhe same Lhumbslzed narayana
sLandlng before me 8uL now Pe was no longer havlng Lhe slze of a Lhumb Cn Lhe conLrary he
had expanded hls body Lo such an exLenL LhaL Pe appeared llke a glanL l also saw Lord 8rahma
slLLlng on a loLus flower emanaLlng from hls navel l euloglzed Plm wlLh compleLe devoLlon Pe
blessed me and sald?ou are eLernal and noLhlng ls beyond your knowledge ?ou wlll be
worshlpped by Lhe delLles l shall Lake Lwelve lncarnaLlons ln Lhe comlng eras and shall worshlp
you ln each of my lncarnaLlon
Pavlng sald Lhls Lord narayana dlsappeared 1hls was how l saw Lhe dlvlne form of Lhe
urushaLord narayan
8PuWAnkCSP Anu 1PL lSLAnuS
All Lhe sages llsLened wlLh rapL aLLenLlon Lo Lhe descrlpLlon Lord Shlva made of Lhe AlmlghLy
narayan 8uL Lhey had few more querles ln sLore so Lhey asked Lord Shlva C Lord of uma!
lease Lell us abouL Lhe expanse of Lhe LarLh Lhe slLuaLlon of mounLalns and Lhe promlnenL
lslands
Lord Shlva replled8huloka ls slLuaLed on Lhe surface of Lhe LarLh whlle Lhe earLh lLself ls
based on AlmlghLys chesL WlLh Lhe deslre of creaLlng Lhe Lhree baslc gunasSaL ra[ and 1ama
Lhe AlmlghLy narayan creaLed waLer flrsL of all and wenL lnLo yoganldra 1hen a loLus flower
manlfesLed from Pls navel on whlch was seaLed Lord 8rahma Lord 8rahma Lhen creaLed hls
manaspuLrasSanak Sanandan SanaLan and SanaLkumar all of whom were enllghLened souls
1hen Lord 8rahma creaLed sages llke uaksha eLc uakshas daughLer ShaLarupa was marrled Lo
Manu from whom she had Lwo sonsrlyavraLa and uLLanpad rlyavraL had Len sons
Aghnlghna Agnlbahu Medh MedhaLlLhl uhruva !yoLlshman uyuLlman Pavya vayushman
and Savan Pe had dlvlded Lhe earLh lnLo seven lslands and presenLed Lhem Lo each of hls seven
sons Aghnlghna became Lhe klng of !ambudweepa whereas MedhaLlLhl !yoLlshman uyuLlman
Pavya vayushman and Savan became Lhe rulers of Shakadweepa kraunch dweepa Shalmall
dweepa Comed dweepa laksh dweepa and ushkar dweepa
Savan had Lwo sonsuhaL and MahaveeLl who were Lhe rulers of uhaLkl and kaumud
provlnces respecLlvely Slmllarly uyuLlman had Lhree sonskush valdyuL and !eemuLvahan
!yoLlshman had seven sonskushal Manugavya eevar Andhra Andhakarak Munl and
uundubhl kush had seven sonsudbhld venuman 8aLhapal Manu uhrlLl rabhakar and
apll
MedhaLlLhl Loo had seven sonsnabhl ShanLmaya Shlshlr Mukhodam nandshlva kshemak
and uhruva nabhls wlfe was Merudevl who had glven blrLh Lo 8lshabh 8lshabh was Lhe faLher
of 8haraLa upon whom Lhe area lylng souLh of Plmalaya mounLaln ls named
SumaLl was Lhe son of 8haraLa 8haraLa afLer appolnLlng SumaLl as hls successor wenL lnLo Lhe
foresL Lo do penance 1he names of some promlnenL klngs comlng from Lhe llneage of SumaLl were 1e[
SaLsuL lndradyumna armeshLhl raLlharLa nlkhaL unmeLa AbhavudgaLa rasLoLa
vlbhu rlLhu AnanL Caya naya vlraL Mahavlrya and Sudhlman
Sudhlman had one hundred sons 1hls way Lhe populaLlon conLlnued Lo grow 1he four yugas
SaLya ?uga 1reLa ?uga uwapar ?uga and kall ?uga occur ln a cycllc order Lach of Lhe laLLer
follows Lhe former A manvanLar comprlses of 71 ChaLuryugas
!AM8uuWLLA
uwelllng upon Lhe promlnenL lslands Lord Shlva Lold Lhe assembled sages!ambudweepa ls
spread ln Lhe area of one lakh yo[an and lL conslsLs of numerous !anapadads lL ls lnhablLed by
slddhas and charanas and ls blessed wlLh lncomparable naLural beauLy
A LoLal number of nlne varshas lle wlLhln Lhe LerrlLory of !ambudweepa whlch lLself ls
surrounded by varlous oceans on all sldes 1owards lLs easL and wesL lle salL waLer oceans Some
promlnenL mounLalns of !ambudweepa are Lhe Plmalaya Lhe Sumeru Lhe PemakuL and Lhe
nlshadh 1errlLory slLuaLed Lowards easL of Sumeru mounLaln ls lnhablLed by Lhe falr
complexloned brahmlns 1owards lLs souLh llve valshyas Shudras llve Lowards Lhe souLh of
Sumeru and Lhe area lylng Lowards lLs norLh ls lnhablLed by kshaLrlyas
SPAk uWLLA
lLs area ls approxlmaLely Lwlce as compared Lo !ambudweepa lL ls lnhablLed by vlrLuous people
who are prosperous and who en[oy a long llfe 1hey are free from Lhe LorLures of old age 1hls
lsland ls covered by oceans on lLs Lwo sldesSalL waLer ocean on one slde and ksheer Sagar
(Ccean of Mllk) on Lhe oLher 1he mounLaln ranges lylng ln Lhe norLhern parL of Lhls lsland ls
known as udayachal whlle Chandraglrl ls slLuaLed ln Lhe wesLern parL 1here are some oLher
mounLaln ranges llke 8a[aLglrl Amblkey eLc slLuaLed on Lhls lsland AlLogeLher Lhese mounLaln
ranges LoLal seven ln number and are known as kulaarvaLas Some prlmonenL rlvers flowlng
Lhrough Lhls lsland are Sukumarl kumarl nanda venlka uhenu lkshumaLl and CabhasLl
1here ls a large Lree named Shak ln Lhe cenLral parL of Lhls lsland 1hls ls how Lhls lsland derlved
lLs name
kuSPA uWLLA
1hls lsland ls Lwlce Lhe area of Shak dweepa 1here are seven promlnenL mounLaln ranges ln Lhls
lsland whlch are known as kula arvaLas kumud unnaL urona kank lsha Mahlsh and
Mandar 1here are seven promlnenL rlvers flowlng Lhrough Lhe varlous parLs of Lhls lsland
raLoya Shlva ChlLra Chandra vldyullLa varna and MahaLl 1hls lsland has goL lLs name from
kusha grass whlch are found ln abundance ln lLs cenLral parL
k8AunCPA uWLLAlL ls Lwlce Lhe area of kusha dweepa lL has seven promlnenL mounLaln ranges
kraunch avan
uevavrlL uevlshLha uevanand Covlnd and undareek 1here are also slx promlnenL rlvers
flowlng ln Lhls lslandCaurl kumudwaLl 8aLrl Mano[ava khyaLl and undarlka kraunch
dweepa ls surrounded by an ocean of charlfled buLLer (ghee) on all lLs sldes
SPALMALl uWLLA
lL ls double Lhe area of kraunch dweepa and covers Lhe clarlfledbuLLer ocean from all sldes
1here are seven promlnenL mounLalns as well as seven rlvers ln Lhls lsland 1hls way Lord Shlva
dlsappeared afLer havlng flnlshed Lhe narraLlon of all Lhe promlnenL lslands
18lSPAk1l
uescrlblng Lhe reason behlnd Lhe manlfesLaLlon of 1rlshakLl (1hree goddesses manlfesLlng from
Lhe bodles of 8rahma vlshnu and Shlva) Lord varaha A Lold rlLhvl 1here llved a mlghLy
demon named Andhak who used Lo LormenL Lhe delLles AfLer belng drlven ouL of Lhe heaven all
Lhe delLles soughL lord 8rahmas help Lord 8rahma Look Lhem Lo Lord Shlva and requesLed hlm
Lo flnd some soluLlon Lo Lhe mlserles of Lhe delLles Lord 8rahma Lhen medlLaLed on Lhe form of
vlshnu who appeared lnsLanLly
1he powers emanaLlng from Lhe eyes of all Lhe Lhree delLles goL comblned and resulLed lnLo Lhe
manlfesLaLlon of goddess armeshwarl Cn Lhe requesL of Lhe delLles goddess armeshwarl
creaLed Lhree more goddesses from her body 8rahml vlshnuprlya and 8udranl Coddess
8rahml was of falr complexlon whlle vlshnuprlyas complexlon was wheaLlsh Coddess 8udranl
appeared exLremely feroclous ln her dark complexlon
Lord 8rahma advlsed goddess 8rahml Lo do penance aL ShweLglrl mounLaln Slmllarly
vlshnuprlya wenL Lo Mandarachal mounLaln Lo do her penance whlle Lord Shlva advlsed goddess
8udranl Lo go Lo nllglrl mounLaln Whlle vlshnuprlya was dolng her penance aL Mandarachal
mounLaln crores of goddesses manlfesLed from her body promlnenL among whom were
vldyuLprabha ChandrakanLl SuryakanLl Cambhlra vl[aya !aya !ayanLl Apara[lLa eLc All
Lhese goddesses acLed as Lhe escorLs of goddess vlshnuprlya who ls also called valshnavl
Cne day sage narada vlslLed goddess valshnavl and was dumbsLruck by her dlvlne beauLy Pe
had never seen such a beauLlful woman ln hls llfe Cn hls reLurn [ourney narada meL
Mahlshasur Lhe mlghLy demon who had been blessed by 8rahma Mahlshasur had conquered all
Lhe Lhree worlds narada pralsed Lhe glory of Mahlshasur buL wenL on Lo add LhaL hls ma[esLy was
lncompleLe unLlll he marrled valshnavl
narada sald l have never seen such a beauLlful woman ln my llfe She ls worshlpped by all Lhe
sages gandharvas delLles as well as oLher celesLlal belngs AlLhough you are worLhy of
becomlng her husband yeL Lhe facL ls LhaL you can noL have her as your wlfe unLlll you have
conquered Lhe delLles and Lhe Candharvas AfLer sowlng a seed of lusL ln Mahlshasurs mlnd
narada wenL away Mahlshasur vowed Lo marry valshnavl aL any cosL Lord varaha conLlnued
wlLh Lhe Lale and sald AfLer narada wenL away Mahlshasur summoned hls mlnlsLers raghas vlghas
Shankukarna vlbhavasu vldyunmall Sumall ar[anya and krura When all Lhe
mlnlsLers arrlved he requesLed Lhem Lo flnd ouL means so LhaL he could marry valshnavl
raghas one of Lhe mlnlsLers was very lnLelllgenL Pe warned Mahlshasur agalnsL golng ahead
wlLh hls evll deslgns and sald 1hls lllegal abducLlon could become Lhe cause for your
desLrucLlon vlghas corroboraLed Lhe sLaLemenLs of raghas llnally everyone agreed LhaL lL
would be beLLer lf valshnavl was persuaded Lo accepL Mahlshasur as her husband lnsLead of
forcefully abducLlng her
So all of Lhem flnally came upon Lwo concluslons flrsL was Lo send a messenger Lo persuade
valshnavl lnLo marrylng Mahlshasur and Lhe second was Lo defeaL Lhe delLles ln a baLLle A
demon named vlduLprabha was senL Lo meeL goddess valshnavl Mahlshasur Lhen launched a
flerce aLLack on Lhe delLles and defeaLed Lhem 1he delLles were forced Lo flee Lhe baLLlefleld and
seek refuge ln 8rahma loka
Meanwhlle vlduLprabha had already reached Mandarachal mounLaln WlLhouL showlng any
rspecL Lo goddess valshnavl he Lrled Lo lmpress her by narraLlng Lhe amazlng Lale of
Mahlshasurs blrLh uurlng anclenL Llmes Lhere llved a sage named Suparshva Cnce he was
dolng penance and an ogress named MahlshmaLl alongwlLh her companlons arrlved aL hls
hermlLage MahlshmaLl was very much lmpressed by Lhe grandeur of hls hermlLage and declded
Lo occupy lL She changed her appearance and became a buffalo She Lhen sLarLed LormenLlng
Suparshva who was lnlLlally Lerrlfled buL flnally came Lo know abouL her real ldenLlLy Suparshva
cursed her ?ou deserve Lo remaln as a buffalo for Lhe resL of your llfe
now MahlshmaLl became exLremely Lerrlfled and begged for belng pardoned llnally
Suparshva Look plLy on her and sald ?ou wlll geL llberaLed from my curse only afLer you glve
blrLh Lo a calf 1hus MahlshmaLl sLarLed wanderlng all over Lhe places ln Lhe form of a buffalo
Cnce whlle wanderlng she reached Lhe bank of rlver narmada where sage Slndhudweep was
dolng hls penance A slgnlflcanL lncldenL had Laken place [usL few mlnuLes before her arrlvalSage
Slndhudweep belng unable Lo conLrol hlmself had e[aculaLed sperms afLer lnfaLuaLed by a
beauLlful ogress Laklng baLh ln rlver narmada whlch was flowlng nearby 1he sperms fell on a
rock and was evenLually washed off by Lhe swlfL currenLs of narmada
As MahlshmaLl was LhlrsLy she drank waLer from rlver narmada Whlle quenchlng her LhlrsL
she also consumed Lhe sperms as Lhe resulL of whlch she became pregnanL ln course of Llme she
gave blrLh Lo Mahlshasur who grew up Lo be a mlghLy demon klng 1he same Mahlshasur wanLs
Lo marry you AfLer flnlshlng hls sLory vlduLprabha walLed for valshnavls response
Coddess valshnavl bursL lnLo a loud laughLer and all Lhe Lhe Lhree worlds became vlslble Lo Lhe
messenger Lhrough her opened mouLh vlduLprabha was scarred Lo Lhe hllL as he reallzed LhaL Lhe
woman was exLraordlnary and dlvlne
!ayaa dwarpallka of valshnavl Lold hlm Cur goddess has Laken a vow of cellbacy hence your
masLers wlsh wlll remaln unfulfllled AL lasL vlduLprabha wenL back empLy handed ln Lhe
meanLlme narada arrlved Lhere and lnformed goddess valshnavl abouL Lhe delLless defeaL aL Lhe
hands of Mahlshasur and requesLed her Lo klll Lhe demon Coddess valshnavl ordered her escorLs Lo geL
prepared for Lhe baLLle She Lhen proceeded wlLh a
huge army Lo flghL agalnsL Lhe demons ln Lhe ensulng baLLle Mahlshasurs army was severely
humlllaLed MosL of Lhe demons were kllled and Lhe survlvors fled from Lhe baLLlefleld A demon
named vlrupaksha lnformed Mahlshasur of Lhe deaLh and desLrucLlon caused by goddess
valshnavlMahlshasur was lnfurlaLed and came forward Lo flghL Lhe goddess Coddess valshnavl
was aware of hls mlghL so she manlfesLed her dlvlne form ln all her glory now she possessed
Len arms and held leLhal weapons llke a sword a bow a shleld a mace a LrldenL a chakra eLc ln
each of Lhem She Lhen remembered lord Shlva who appeared wlLhln a momenL Coddess
valshnavl requesLed hlm Lo be wlLness Lo Lhe flerce baLLle whlch was golng Lo Lake place
A flerce baLLle commenced whlch lasLed for Len Lhousand dlvlne years Mahlshasur ran helLer
and skelLer changlng hls dlsgulse frequenLly ln order Lo proLecL hls llfe buL goddess valshnavl
chased hlm wherever he wenL ulLlmaLely she kllled hlm aL ShaLa Srlng mounLaln by severlng
hls head All Lhe delLles heaved a slgh of rellef and pralsed Lhe glory of goddess valshnavl
Slmllarly goddess 8udranl who had manlfesLed from lord Shlva and had gone Lo nllglrl
mounLaln Lo do her penance had kllled a mlghLy demon named 8uru 8uru was a very powerful
demon klng Pe ruled over 8aLnapurl whlch was slLuaLed ln Lhe mlddle of Lhe ocean Pe had
become lnvlnclble on accounL of a boon recelved from lord 8rahma AfLer belng defeaLed by
hlm all Lhe delLles wenL Lo seek Lhe help of goddess 8udranl Coddess 8udranl who ls also
known as Chamunda flnally kllled 8uru Lhe dreaded demon
Pavlng compleLed Lhe Lale lord varaha blessed rlLhvl and wenL back Lo hls abode
Pome
8 ACnl u8AnA
rellmlnarles
ln Lhe foresL LhaL ls known as nalmlsharanya Shounaka and Lhe oLher rlshls (sages) were
performlng a ya[na (sacrlflce) dedlcaLed Lo Lhe Lord vlshnu SuLa had also come Lhere on hls
way Lo a pllgrlmage
1he sages Lold SuLa We have welcomed you now descrlbe Lo us LhaL whlch makes men allknowlng
uescrlbe Lo us LhaL whlch ls Lhe mosL sacred ln Lhe whole world
SuLa replled vlshnu ls Lhe essence of everyLhlng l wenL Lo a hermlLage named 8adrlka wlLh
Shuka alla and oLher sages and meL vyadeva Lhere vyasadeva descrlbed Lo me LhaL whlch he
had learnL from Lhe greaL sage vashlshLha vashlshLha havlng learnL lL from Lhe god Agnl
hlmself 1he Agnl urana ls sacred because lL Lells us abouL Lhe essence of Lhe 8rahman (Lhe
dlvlne essence) l learnL all Lhls from vyasadeva and l wlll now Lell you all LhaL l have learnL
AvaLarasuo you know whaL an avaLara ls? An avaLara ls an lncarnaLlon and means LhaL a god adopLs a
human form Lo be born on earLh Why do gods do Lhls 1he purpose ls Lo desLroy evll on earLh
and esLabllsh rlghLeousness vlshnu ls regarded as Lhe preserver of Lhe unlverse and lL ls Lherefore
vlshnus lncarnaLlons LhaL one encounLers mosL ofLen vlshnu has already had nlne such
lncarnaLlons and Lhe LenLh and flnal lncarnaLlon ls due ln Lhe fuLure 1hese Len lncarnaLlons of
vlshnu are as follows
(1) MaLsya avaLara flsh lncarnaLlon (2) kurma avaLara LurLle lncarnaLlon (3) varaha avaLaraboar
lncarnaLlon (4) naraslmha avaLara halfman llon lncarnaLlon (3) vamana avaLara dwarf
lncarnaLlon (6) arashurama (7) 8ama (8) krlshna (9) 8uddha (10) kalklLhls ls Lhe lncarnaLlon
LhaL ls yeL Lo come
1he Agnl urana now descrlbes Lhese Len lncarnaLlons
1he llsh
Agnl Lold vashlshLha Lhe sLory of Lhe flsh lncarnaLlon
Many years ago Lhe whole world was desLroyed 1he desLrucLlon ln facL exLended Lo all Lhe Lhree
lokas (worlds) of bhuloka bhuvarloka and svarloka 8huloka ls Lhe earLh svarloka or svarga ls
heaven and bhuvarloka ls a reglon beLween Lhe earLh and heaven All Lhere worlds were flooded
wlLh waLer
valvasvaLa Manu was Lhe son of Lhe sungod Pe had spenL Len Lhousand years ln prayers and
Lapasya (medlLaLlon) ln Lhe hermlLage 8adrlka 1hls hermlLage was on Lhe banks of Lhe rlver
krlLamala
Cnce Manu came Lo Lhe rlver Lo perform hls abluLlons Pe lmmersed hls hands ln Lhe waLer Lo geL
some waLer for hls abluLlons When he ralsed Lhem he found LhaL Lhere was a small flsh
swlmmlng ln Lhe waLer ln Lhe cup of hls hands
Manu was abouL Lo Lhrow Lhe flsh back lnLo Lhe waLer when Lhe flsh sald uonL Lhrow me back l
am scared of alllgaLors and crocodlles and blg flshes Save me
Manu found an earLhen poL ln whlch he could keep Lhe flsh 8uL soon Lhe flsh became Loo blg for
Lhe poL and Manu had Lo flnd a larger vessel ln whlch Lhe flsh mlghL be kepL 8uL Lhe flsh became
Loo blg for Lhls vessel as well and Manu had Lo Lransfer Lhe flsh Lo a Lake 8uL Lhe flsh grew and
grew and became Loo large for Lhe lake So Manu Lransferred Lhe flsh Lo Lhe ocean ln Lhe ocean
Lhe flsh grew unLll lL became glganLlc
8y now Manus wonder knew no bounds Pe sald Who are you? ?ou musL be Lhe Lord
vlshnu l bow down before you 1ell me why are you LanLallslng me ln Lhe form of a flsh?
1he flsh replled l have Lo punlsh Lhe evll and proLecL Lhe good Seven days from now Lhe ocean
wlll flood Lhe enLlre world and all belngs wlll be desLroyed 8uL slnce you have saved me l wlll
save you When Lhe world ls flooded a boaL wlll arrlve here 1ake Lhe sapLarshls (seven sages) wlLh LhaL
boaL uonL forgeL Lo Lake Lhe seeds of foodgralns wlLh you l wlll arrlve and you wlll
Lhen fasLen Lhe boaL Lo my horn wlLh a huge snake
Saylng Lhls Lhe flsh dlsappeared
LveryLhlng happened as Lhe flsh had promlsed lL would 1he ocean became LurbulenL and Manu
cllmbed lnLo Lhe boaL Pe Lled Lhe boaL Lo Lhe huge horn LhaL Lhe flsh had Pe prayed Lo Lhe flsh
and Lhe flsh relaLed Lhe MaLsya urana Lo hlm LvenLually when Lhe waLer receded Lhe boaL was
anchored Lo Lhe LopmosL peak of Lhe Plmalayas And llvlng belngs were creaLed once agaln
A danava (demon) named Payagrlva had sLolen Lhe sacred LexLs of Lhe vedas and Lhe knowledge
of Lhe brahman ln hls form of a flsh vlshnu also kllled Payagrlva and recovered Lhe vedas
1he 1urLle
Many years ago Lhere was a war beLween Lhe devas (gods) and Lhe dalLyas (demons) and Lhe gods
losL Lhls war 1hey prayed Lo vlshnu Lo rescue Lhem from Lhe oppresslon of Lhe demons vlshnu
Lold 8rahma and Lhe oLher gods LhaL Lhey should have a Lemporary Lruce wlLh Lhe demons 1he
Lwo sldes should geL LogeLher Lo churn Lhe ocean vlshnu would ensure LhaL Lhe devas beneflLed
more from Lhls churnlng of Lhe ocean Lhan Lhe dalLyas dld
1he Lruce was agreed upon and Lhe Lwo sldes goL ready Lo churn Lhe ocean 1he mounLaln
Mandara was used as a churnlng rod and greaL sake vasukl as Lhe rope for churnlng 1he devas
grasped vasukls Lall and Lhe dalLyas grasped vasukls head 8uL as Lhe churnlng began Lhe
mounLaln Mandara whlch had no base sLarLed Lo geL lmmersed ln Lhe ocean WhaL was Lo be
done? Lord vlshnu came Lo Lhe rescue Pe adopLed Lhe form of a LurLle and Lhe peak was
balanced on Lhe LurLles back
As Lhe churnlng conLlnued Lerrlble polson named kalkuLa emerged from Lhe depLhs of Lhe ocean
and was swallowed by Shlva Shlvas LhroaL became blue from Lhls polson and he ls Lherefore
known as nllakanLha blue of LhroaL 1he goddess varunal Lhe goddess of wlne (sura) came ouL
nexL 1he gods readlly accepLed her and Lhus Lhey came Lo be known as suras 8uL Lhe demons
re[ecLed varunal and were Lherefore known as asuras She was followed by Lhe arl[aLa Lree a
beauLlful Lree LhaL came Lo occupy Lhe prlde of place ln lndras garden A [ewel named kousLubha
emerged and was accepLed by vlshnu as hls adornmenL 1hree wonderful anlmals came ouL nexL
Lhe cow kaplla Lhe horse ucchalshrava and Lhe elephanL AlravaLa 1hey were followed by Lhe
apsaras beauLlful women who became Lhe dancers of heaven 1hey were known as apsaras
because Lhey emerged from ap (waLer) 1he goddess Lakshml or Srl came ouL nexL and was
unlLed wlLh vlshnu
llnally uhanvanLarl emerged wlLh a poL of amrlLa (Lhe llfe glvlng drlnk) ln hls hands
uhanvanLarl was Lhe orlglnaLor of medlclne (ayurveda) 1he dalLyas led by !ambha gave half of
Lhe amrlLa Lo Lhe devas and deparLed wlLh Lhe remalnlng half
8uL vlshnu qulckly adopLed Lhe form of a beauLlful woman So beauLlful was Lhe woman LhaL Lhe
demons were charmed reLLy lady Lhey sald 1ake Lhe amrlLa and serve lL Lo us Marry us vlshnu
accepLed Lhe amrlLa buL he had no lnLenLlon of glvlng lL Lo Lhe demons Pe served lL Lo
Lhe gods lnsLead 1here was only one demon who was somewhaL clever Pls name was 8ahu Pe
adopLed Lhe form of Chandra Lhe moongod and succeeded ln drlnklng some of Lhe amrlLa 1he
sungod and Lhe moongod noLlced whaL was happenlng and reporLed lL Lo vlshnu vlshnu
Lhereupon cuL off 8ahus head wlLh a sword
8uL 8ahu had drunk Lhe amrlLa so he could noL dle Pe prayed Lo vlshnu and vlshnu granLed
hlm a boon 1he boon was LhaL occaslonally 8ahu would be permlLLed Lo swallow up Lhe sun and
Lhe complalned abouL hlm ?ou can see Lhls happenlng aL Lhe Llme of Lhe solar and Lhe lunar
ecllpses eople who glve alms durlng such ecllpses are blessed
1he gods obLalned Lhe amrlLa and Lhe demons dld noL 1hus Lhe gods became more powerful
Lhan Lhe demons 1hey defeaLed Lhe demons and regalned heaven
1he 8oar
vlshnus nexL lncarnaLlon was ln Lhe form of a boar
1he sage kashyapa and hls wlfe ulLl had a son named Plranyaksha Pe became Lhe klng of Lhe
asuras Plranyakshas medlLaLlon pleased 8rahma and 8rahma granLed hlm Lhe boon LhaL he
would be lnvlnclble ln baLLle 1hus armed Plranyaksha wenL ouL Lo flghL wlLh Lhe devas Pe
comprehenslvely defeaLed Lhe gods and conquered heaven Pe also defeaLed varuna Lhe god of
Lhe ocean 1hus Plranyaksha became Lhe klng of Lhe heaven Lhe earLh and Lhe underworld
8uL Lhe asura was noL parLlcularly fond of Lhe earLh Pe hlmself had begun Lo llve ln varunas
palace under Lhe ocean So he hurled Lhe earLh lnLo Lhe depLhs of Lhe ocean
1he gods wenL Lo vlshnu and prayed LhaL someLhlng mlghL be done abouL Plranyaksha 1hey
wlshed Lo be resLored Lo heaven and Lhey wlshed LhaL Lhe earLh mlghL be broughL back from Lhe
depLhs of Lhe ocean ln response Lo Lhese prayers vlshnu adopLed Lhe form of a boar and enLered
Lhe ocean Who should he meeL Lhere buL Plranyaksha hlmself?
Plranyaksha of course dld noL know LhaL Lhls boar was none oLher Lhan vlshnu Pe LhoughL LhaL lL
was an ordlnary boar and aLLacked lL 1he Lwo foughL for many years 8uL flnally Plranyaksha
was gored Lo deaLh by Lhe boars Lusks 1he boar ralsed Lhe earLh up once agaln wlLh lLs Lusks
vlshnu Lhus saved Lhe gods and Lhe prlnclples of rlghLeousness or dharma
Man Llon
Plranyaksha had a broLher named Plranyakashlpu Plranyakashlpu was furlous Lo learn LhaL hls
broLher had been kllled and Lhe resolved Lo klll vlshnu 8uL Lhls could noL be done unless h e
hlmself became powerful land lnvlnclble Plranyakashlpu Lherefore began Lo pray Lo 8rahma
Lhrough dlfflculL medlLaLlon 8rahma was pleased aL Lhese prayers and offered Lo granL a boonl wanL
Lo be lnvlnclble sald Plranyakashlpu lease granL me Lhe boon LhaL l may noL be
kllled by nlghL or day LhaL l may noL be kllled by man or beasL and LhaL l may noL be kllled ln
Lhe sky Lhe waLer or Lhe earLh
8rahma granLed Lhe deslred boon And Plranyakashlpu was happy Pe LhoughL LhaL he had Laken
care of all posslble evenLuallLles And slnce he had become so powerful he conquered all Lhe
Lhree worlds and klcked Lhe gods ouL Lo heaven
Plranyakashlpu had a son named rahlada ?ou no doubL remember LhaL Plranyakashlpu had
resolved Lo klll vlshnu 8uL sLrangely enough rahlada became devoLed Lo vlshnu
Plranyakashlpu Lrled Lo persuade hls son 1haL dld noL work Pe Lrled Lo klll hls son 1haL Loo dld
noL work slnce each Llme vlshnu lnLervened Lo save rahlada
Meanwhlle Lhe gods had been drlven off from heaven 1hey had also been deprlved of Lhelr
shares ln ya[anas by Plranyakashlpu 1hese shares now wenL only Lo Lhe asura klng ln
desperaLlon Lhey wenL and prayed Lo vlshnu and vlshnu promlsed Lhem LhaL he would flnd a
soluLlon
Cne day Plranyakashlpu called rahlada Lo hlm Pow ls lL LhaL you escaped each Llme l Lrled Lo
klll you? he asked
8ecause vlshnu saved me replled rahlada vlshnu ls everywhere
WhaL do you mean everywhere? reLorLed Plranyakashlpu Pe polnLed Lo a crysLal plllar lnslde
Lhe palace and asked ls vlshnu lnslde Lhls plllar as well?
?es replled rahlada
very well Lhen l am golng Lo klck Lhe plllar sald Plranyakashlpu
When Plranyakashlpu klcked Lhe plllar lL broke lnLo Lwo And from lnslde Lhe plllar vlshnu
emerged ln hls form of halfman and halfllon Pe caughL hold of Plranyakashlpu and placed Lhe
demon across hls Lhlghs And wlLh hls claws he Lore aparL Lhe demons chesL and so kllled hlm
8rahmas boon had been LhaL Plranyakashlpu would noL be kllled by man or beasL 8uL Lhen
naraslmha was nelLher man nor beasL lL was halfman and halfbeasL 1he boon had sald LhaL Lhe
asura would noL be kllled ln Lhe sky Lhe waLer or Lhe earLh 8uL Plranyakashlpu was kllled on
vlshnus Lhlghs whlch were noL Lhe sky Lhe waLer or Lhe earLh And flnally Lhe noon had
promlsed LhaL Plranyakashlpu would noL be kllled by nlghL or day Slnce Lhe lncldenL Look place
ln Lhe evenlng lL was noL nlghL or day
AfLer Plranyakashlpu dled Lhe gods were resLored Lo Lhelr rlghLful places vlshnus made
rahlada Lhe klng of Lhe asuras
1he uwarfrahladas grandson was 8all and 8all became very powerful When he was Lhe klng of Lhe
asuras Lhere was a war beLween Lhe devas and Lhe asuras 1he gods were defeaLed and were
drlven off from svarga As always Lhe gods fled Lo vlshnu and began Lo pray Lo hlm Lo save
Lhem vlshnu assured Lhe gods LhaL he would do someLhlng abouL 8all
Accordlngly vlshnu was born as Lhe son of AdlLl and kashyapa 1he son was a dwarf
klng 8all had arranged for a huge sacrlflce and had announced LhaL on Lhe occaslon of Lhe
sacrlflce he would noL refuse anyone a boon 1he dwarf arrlved aL Lhls sacrlflce and began Lo
reclLe Lhe vedas 8all was so pleased aL Lhls LhaL he offered Lhe dwarf a bon 8alls guru (Leacher)
was Shukracharya and Shukracharya LhoughL LhaL Lhere was someLhlng flshy abouL Lhe way Lhe
dwarf had arrlved So he Lrled Lo resLraln 8all
no sald 8all l have offered a boon and l shall sLlck Lo my word WhaL boon do you deslre? l
wlll glve whaLever you wanL
8efore a boon was acLually granLed a small rlLe had Lo be performed wlLh holy waLer
Shukracharya was sLlll Lrylng Lo do hls besL Lo prevenL Lhe boon from belng glven So he enLered
Lhe vessel ln whlch Lhe holy waLer was kepL Lo seal Lhe mouLh of Lhe vessel and prevenL Lhe waLer
from belng Laken ouL 1o geL aL Lhe holy waLer Lhe vessel was plerced wlLh a sLraw 1hls sLraw
also plerced one of Shukracharyas eyes Lver slnce LhaL day Lhe precepLor of Lhe demons has
been one eyed
Clve me as much of land as may be covered ln Lhree of my sLeps sald Lhe dwarf l need Lhls as
uakshalna (fee) for my guru
8all agreed 8uL Lhe dwarf adopLed a glganLlc form WlLh one sLep he covered bhuloka WlLh
anoLher sLep he covered bhuvarloka And wlLh Lhe lasL sLep he covered svarloka 1he Lhree worlds
were Lhus losL Lo 8all and vlshnu reLurned Lhem Lo lndra 8all had no opLlon buL Lo go down Lo
Lhe underworld (paLala) 8uL so pleased was vlshnu aL 8alls generoslLy LhaL he granLed Lhe asura
Lhe boon LhaL he would bear Lhe LlLle of lndra ln Lhe fuLure
arashurama
1he kshaLrlyas were Lhe second of Lhe four classes lL was Lhelr [ob Lo wear arms and proLecL Lhe
world And rule 1he brahmanas were Lhe flrsL of Lhe four classes lL was Lhelr [ob Lo pray sLudy
Lhe sacred LexLs and perform rellglous rlLes 8uL Lhe kshaLrlyas became very lnsolenL and began Lo
oppress Lhe world and Lhe brahmanas vlshnu was Lhen born as Lhe son of Lhe sage !amadagnl
and hls wlfe 8enuka Slnce Lhls was Lhe llne of Lhe sage 8hrlgu arashurama was also called
8hargava arashuramas mlsslon was Lo proLecL Lhe brahmanas and Leach a lesson Lo Lhe
kshaLrlyas
1here was a klng named karLavlrya who had recelved all sorLs of boons from Lhe sage
uaLLaLreya 1hanks Lo Lhese boons karLavlrya had a Lhousand arms and conquered and ruled over
Lhe enLlre world Cne day karLavlrya wenL on a hunL Lo Lhe foresL Pe was very Llred afLer Lhe
hunL and was lnvlLed by Lhe sage !amadagnl had a kamadhenu cow 1hls meanL LhaL Lhe cow produced
whaLever lLs owner deslred !amadagnl used Lhe kamadhenu Lo LreaL karLavlrya and all
hls soldlers Lo a sumpLuous feasL
karLavlrya was so enamoured of Lhe kamadhenu LhaL he asked Lhe sage Lo glve lL Lo hlm 8uL
!amadagnl refused karLavlrya Lhen abducLed Lhe cow by force and a war sLarLed beLween
karLavlrya and arashurama ln Lhls war arashurama cuL off karLavlryas head wlLh hls axe
(parashu) and broughL Lhe kamadhenu back Lo Lhe hermlLage
AfLer some Llme arashurama was away when karLavlryas sons arrlved aL Lhe ashrama and
kllled !amadagnl Cn Lhe deaLh of hls faLher arashuramas anger was aroused Pe kllled all Lhe
kshaLrlyas ln Lhe world LwenLyone Llmes Cn Lhe plalns of kuruksheLra he bullL flve wells whlch
were fllled wlLh Lhe blood of kshaLrlyas LvenLually arashurama handed over Lhe world Lo
kashyapa and wenL and llved on MounL Mahendra
8ama
8rahma came ouL of vlshnus navel 8rahmas son was Marlchls son kashyapa kashyapas son
Surya Suryas son valvasvaLa Manu Manus son lkshvaku lkskhvakkus son kakuLsLha
kakuLsLhas son 8aghu 8aghus son A[a A[as son uasharaLha uasharaLhas sons were 8ama
8haraLaa Lakshmana and ShaLrughna Slnce 8ama was descended from kakuLsLha and 8aghu
he was also called kakuLsLha and 8aghava Slnce hls faLhers name was uasharaLha he was also
called uasharaLhl 8amas sLory belongs Lo Lhe solar llne (surya vansha) slnce one of hls
ancesLors was Surya
vlshnu hlmself wlshed Lo desLroy 8avana and Lhe oLher 8akshasas (demons) Pe Lherefore
dlvlded hlmself lnLo four parLs and was born as 8amas 8haraLaa Lakshmana and ShaLrughna
8ama was koushalyas son 8haraLaa kalkeyls Lakshmana and SharLrughna were Lhe sons of
SumlLra
1he sage vlshvamlLra came Lo uasharaLha and pleaded for 8amas help ln defeaLlng Lhe
8akshasas who were dlsLurblng hls ya[anas 8ama kllled Lhese demons and vlshvamlLra was so
pleased LhaL he LaughL 8ama Lhe use of all dlvlne weapons 8ama broke a bow of Shlvas LhaL had
been ln Lhe possesslon of Lhe klng of MlLhlla !anaka 1hls was Lhe Lask LhaL had been appolnLed
for marrylng SlLa !anakas daughLer 8ama marrled SlLa Lakshmana marrled urmlla 8haraLaa
marrled Mandavl and ShaLrughna marrled ShruLaklrLl Cn Lhe way back Lo Ayodhya 8ama also
beaL arashurama ln a duel uasharaLha resolved LhaL 8ama should be made yuvara[a LhaL ls Lhe
helr apparenL Lo Lhe klngdom
8uL kalkeyl had a servanL named ManLhara who ploLLed oLherwlse When he was young 8ama
had pulled aL ManLharas feeL and ever slnce LhaL day ManLhara had noL been klndly Lowards
8ama She remlnded kalkeyl of Lhe Lwo boons LhaL had been promlsed Lo her by klng
uasharaLha ?ears ago Lhe gods had been flghLlng wlLh Lhe demon Shambara and had asked
uasharaLha for hls help ln flghLlng wlLh Shambara uasharaLha had been ln[ured Pe had been
nursed back Lo healLh by kalkeyl uasharaLha had promlsed Lwo boons Lo kalkeyl as a reward
and ManLharas suggesLlon was LhaL kalkeyl should now ask for Lhese Lwo boons 8y Lhe flrsL boon
8ama would be banlshed Lo Lhe foresL for fourLeen years and by Lhe second boon 8haraLaa
would become yuvara[a
kalkeyl llsLened Lo ManLhara AL ManLharas lnsLance she asked for Lhese Lwo boons uasharaLha
was very angry buL 8ama lnslsLed LhaL he would lndeed go Lo Lhe foresL for fourLeen years
8ama Lakshmana and SlLa flrsL wenL Lo Lhe banks of Lhe rlver 1amasa lrom Lhere Lhey wenL Lo
Lhe klngdom of Cuha Lhe klng of Lhe hunLers (nlshadas) 1hey crossed Lhe rlver !ahnavl and
arrlved ln rayaga where Lhe sage 8haradva[a had hls hermlLage 1helr flnal desLlnaLlon was Lhe
mounLaln range of ChlLrakuLa on Lhe banks of Lhe rlver Mandaklnl
Meanwhlle back home ln Ayodhaya klng uasharaLha who could noL bear Lo be parLed from
8ama dled 8haraLaa and ShaLrughna had gone on a vlslL Lo Lhelr uncles house and were
recalled 8uL 8haraLaa refused Lo be klng Pe wenL Lo Lhe foresL Lo Lry and persuade 8ama Lo
reLurn buL 8ama lnslsLed LhaL he would noL reLurn before Lhe fourLeen years were over So
8haraLaa broughL back 8amas sandals Pe placed Lhese sandals on Lhe Lhrone as a Loken of
8amas klngshlp And he began Lo rule Lhe klngdom ln 8amas name from nandlgram raLher
Lhan from Ayodhya
8ama Lakshmana and SlLa Lhen wenL Lo Lhe foresL LhaL ls known as Lhe uandaka foresL
uandakaranya 1hls foresL was on Lhe banks of Lhe rlver Codavarl and Lhere was a beauLlful
lgrove lnslde Lhe foresL known as anchavaLl 1hey bullL a huL Lhere and resolved Lo llve Lhere
1here was a 8akshasa woman named Shurpanakha She happened Lo come Lo Lhe place where
8ama Lakshmana and SlLa had bullL Lhelr huL Shurpanakha llked 8ama so much LhaL she wanLed
Lo marry 8ama and eaL up Lakshmana and SlLa 8uL Lakshmana cuL off Shurpanakhas nose and
ears wlLh hls sword
Shurpanakha fled Lo broLher khara and demanded revenge khara and fourLeen Lhousand oLher
demons (8akshasas) aLLacked 8ama buL Lhey were all kllled by 8ama Shurpanakha Lhen wenL Lo
her oLher broLher 8avana Lhe klng of Lanka
8avana asked Lhe rakshasa Marlcha Lo adopL Lhe form of a golden deer and roam around ln fronL
of 8amas huL SlLa was so charmed by Lhe deer LhaL she asked 8ama Lo capLure lL for her 8ama
was long ln reLurnlng and Lakshmana wenL Lo look for hlm 1aklng advanLage of 8ama and
Lakshmanas absence 8avana kldnapped SlLa !aLayu Lhe klng of Lhe blrds dld Lry Lo sLop
8avana buL he meL hls deaLh aL 8avanas hands
8ama and Lakshmana were greaLly dlsLressed Lo flnd SlLa mlsslng and Lhey looked for her
everywhere 8ama made frlends wlLh Lhe monkey Sugrlva Pe kllled Sugrlvas broLher 8all and
made Sugrlva Lhe klng of monkeys 1he monkeys were senL off ln all Lhe four dlrecLlons Lo for
SlLa
1he monkeys who had gone Lowards Lhe souLh learnL LhaL SlLa was ln Lanka across Lhe ocean
Cne of Lhese monkeys was Panuman Panuman leapL over Lhe ocean and arrlved ln Lanka Pe
dlscovered Lhe lonesome SlLa ln a grove of ashoka Lrees Lhe ashokavana Panuman lnLroduced
hlmself and assured SlLa LhaL he would soon be back wlLh 8ama Panuman caused some general havoc
ln Lanka and was capLured by Meghnada or lndra[lL 8avanas son 8avana ordered LhaL
Panumans Lall should be seL on flre 8uL Panuman used hls burnlng Lall Lo seL flre Lo all Lhe
houses of Lanka Pe Lhen reLurned Lo 8ama wlLh Lhe news LhaL SlLa had been found
8ama Lakshmana and Lhe army of monkeys arrlved aL Lhe shores of Lhe ocean 1here Lhey bullL a
brldge over Lhe ocean so LhaL Lhey could cross over lnLo Lanka 1here was a Lerrlble war ln whlch
8ama kllled Lhe glanL kumbhakarna 8avanas broLher Lakshmana kllled lndra[lL 8ama kllled
8avana wlLh a powerful dlvlne weapon Lhe 8rahmasLra
1he fourLeen years were by now over and 8ama Lakshmana and SlLa reLurned Lo Ayodhya
1here 8ama was crowned klng and he LreaLed hls sub[ecLs as hls own sons Pe punlshed Lhe
wlcked and followed Lhe paLh of dharma uurlng 8amas rule Lhere was no shorLage of
foodgralns anywhere and Lhe people were rlghLeous no one dled an unLlmely deaLh
Cn 8amas lnsLrucLlons ShaLrughna kllled Lhe asura Lavana and bullL Lhe clLy of MaLhura ln Lhe
place where Lavanas klngdom had been 8haraLaa was senL by 8ama Lo klll a wlcked
Candharva a slnger of heaven named Shallusha who llved on Lhe banks of Lhe rlver lndus wlLh
hls sons 8haraLaa kllled Lhem and bullL Lwo clLles Lhere 1akshashlla and ushkaravaLl ln
1akshashlla 8haraLaa esLabllshed hls son ALaksha as klng and ln ushkaravaLl he made hls son
pushkara Lhe klng 8ama and SlLa had Lwo sons named kusha and Lava 8ama ruled for eleven
Lhousand years before he dled
1hls ls Lhe sLory of Lhe 8amayana as recounLed ln Lhe Agnl urana lL was wrlLLen by Lhe sage
valmlkl afLer he had heard Lhe sLory from Lhe sage narada
8ama was Lhe sevenLh avaLara of vlshnu krlshna was Lhe elghLh
1he Parlvamsha
As you have already been Lold 8rahma emerged from vlshnus navel 8rahmas son was ALrl
ALrls son Soma Somas son ururava ururavas son Ayu Ayus son nahusha and nahush[as
son ?ayaLl ?ayaLl had Lwo wlves uevayanl and SharmlshLha uevayanl had Lwo sons ?adu and
1urvusu And SharmlshLha had Lhree sons uruhya Anu and uru 1he descendanLs of ?adu
were known as Lhe ?adavas
vasudeva was a ?adava Pls wlfe was uevakl vlshnu was born as sLhe son of vasudeva and
uevakl ln order Lo remove Lhe wlcked from Lhe world 1he sevenLh son of vasudeva and uevakl
was 8aladeva And Lhe elghL son was krlshna hlmself krlshna was born ln Lhe monLh of 8hadra
ln Lhe Lhlck of Lhe nlghL Scared LhaL Lhe wlcked kakmsa mlghL klll Lhe newly born chlld
vasudeva lefL hlm wlLh ?ashoda Lhe wlfe of nanda
nanda was Lhe klng of Lhe cowherds and he broughL up 8aladeva and krlshna kamsa senL a
8akshasa woman named uLana Lo klll krlshna buL krlshna kllled her lnsLead ln vrlndavana
krlshna subdued Lhe Lerrlble snake known as kallya Pe kllled several oLher rakshasas named
ArlshLa vrlshabha keshl uhenuka and Cardhabha and made Lhe counLry safe from Lhe
aLLacksof Lhese demons Pe also sLopped Lhe worshlp of lndra 1hls led Lo a flghL beLween lndra and
krlshna lndra Lrled Lo desLroy Lhe lnhablLanLs of Cokula by sendlng down LorrenLs of raln
8uL krlshna held alofL Lhe mounLaln Covardhana and saved Lhe lnhablLanLs of Cokula
kamsas caplLal was ln MaLhura 8aladeva and krlshna wenL Lhere kamsa leL loose a mad
elephanL named kuvalayaplda on krlshna 8uL krlshna kllled kuvalayaplda 8aladeva and
krlshna also kllled Lwo sLrong wresLlers Chanura and MushLlka whom kamsa had lnsLrucLed Lo
klll 8aladeva and krlshna llnally krlshna kllled kamsa and made ugrasena Lhe klng kamsa
was !arasandhas sonlnlaw and !arasandha became furlous when he learnL of kamsas deaLh Pe
aLLacked Lhe ?adavas and lald slege Lo Lhe clLy of MaLhura AfLer a prolonged war krlshna
managed Lo defeaL !arasandha krlshna also defeaLed anoLher evll klng named oundraka Cn
krlshnas lnsLrucLlons Lhe ?adavas bullL Lhe beauLlful clLy of uvaraka or uvaravaLl 1he ?adavas
began Lo llve ln uvaraka
1here was an asura named naraka who was kllled by krlshna naraka had lmprlsoned slxLeen
Lhousand daughLers of Lhe devas Candharvas and ?akshas (guards of Peavens Lreasury) 1hese
women were freed by krlshna and krlshna marrled all of Lhem AmongsL krlshnas oLher
explolLs were defeaLlng Lhe dalLya ancha[ana kllllng kalayavna selzlng Lhe parl[aLa Lree from
lndra and brlnglng back Lo llfe Lhe sage Sandlpanls dead son
krlshna had several sons Shamba was born of krlshnas wlfe !ambavaLl and radyumna was
born of krlshnas wlfe 8ukmlnl As soon as radyumna was born he was abducLed by Lhe asura
Shambara Shambara Lhrew Lhe baby lnLo Lhe sea buL a flsh swallowed Lhe baby A flsherman
caughL Lhe flsh and broughL lL Lo Shambaras house When Lhe flshs sLomach was cuL open Lhe
baby came ouL 1here was a woman named MayavaLl who llved ln Shambaras house and
Shambara handed over baby radyumna Lo MayavaLl so LhaL he mlghL be broughL up well When
he grew up radyumna kllled Shambara and marrled MayavaLl 1hey reLurned Lo uvaraka and
krlshna was very happy Lo see hls losL son
radyumma and MayavaLl had a son named Anlruddha Anlruddha secreLly marrled usha Lhe
daughLer of klng vana vana hlmself belng Lhe son of 8all vanas caplLal was ln a clLy named
ShonlLapura vana had pleased Shlva Lhrough hard and dlfflculL Lapasya so LhaL someLlmes he
was called Lhe son of Shlva vana loved Lo flghL and he had wanLed a boon from Shlva LhaL he
mlghL geL Lhe chance Lo flghL wlLh someone who was hls equal ln baLLle A flag wlLh a peacock on
lL used Lo fly from Lhe ramparLs of vanas palace Shlva Lold hlm Lhe day Lhls flag fell down
vanas deslre for wlLh an equal would be saLlsfled
WlLh Lhe help of a frlend of ushas Anuruddha and usha used Lo meeL secreLly ln vanas palace
vanas guards lnformed hlm abouL Lhls and Lhere was a flerce baLLle beLween vana and
Anlruddha AL Lhe same Llme Lhe flag wlLh Lhe peacock on lL fell down krlshna goL Lo know from
narada abouL Lhe flghL beLween vana and Anlruddha and he 8aladeva and radyumna arrlved ln
vanas caplLal Shlva came Lo flghL on vanas slde accompanled by nandl and Skanda or
karLlkeya 8uL afLer a duel LhaL lasLed for a long Llme krlshna Lrlumphed over Lhese enemles
krlshnas arrows also cuL off Lhe Lhousand arms LhaL vana had 8uL aL Shlvas requesL krlshna
spared vanas llfe and gave Lwo arms wlLh whlch Lo make do All of Lhese sLorles abouL krlshna are
relaLed ln deLall ln Lhe Parlvamsha 1he Agnl urana
merely glves a brlef summary of Lhe Parlvamsha 8uL sLorles abouL krlshna Lhe elghL avaLara of
vlshnu also crop up ln Lhe MahabharaLaa 1he Agnl urana Lherefore nexL summarlses Lhe
MahabharaLaa
1he MahabharaLaa
1he andavas were merely a preLexL krlshna used Lhe andavas Lo rld Lhe world of evll men
?ou have already learnL LhaL one of ?ayaLls sons was uru ln urus llne were born 8haraLaa
and kuru Cne of kurus descendanLs was Lhe klng ShanLanu ShanLanu marrled Canga and
8hlshma was born from Lhls marrlage
8uL ShanLanu also marrled SaLyavaLl and had Lwo more sons ChlLrangada and vlchlLravlrya
8hlshma never marrled ChlLrangada dled young When vlchlLravlrya grew up 8hlshma
defeaLed Lhe klng of kashl and broughL Lwo of Lhe klngs daughLers Amblka and Amballka as
brldes for vlchlLravlrya vlchlLravlrya as also qulLe young when he dled of Luberculosls
Slnce vlchlLravlrya had lefL no chlldren vyasadeva was broughL Lo PasLlnapura vyasadeva and
Amballka had a son named uhrlLarashLra and vyasadeva and Amballka had a son named andu
uhrlLarashLra marrled Candharl and Lhey had a hundred sons of whom Lhe mosL lmporLanL was
uuryodhana andu had Lwo wlves kunLl and Madrl kunLls sons were ?udhlsLhlra 8hlma and
Ar[una and Madrls sons were nakula and Sahadeva 8uL ?udhlsLhlra was really Lhe son of Lhe
god uharma and noL andus son Slmllarly 8hlma was Lhe son of Lhe god avana Ar[una Lhe
son of lndra and nakula and Sahadeva Lhe sons of Lhe Lwo Ashvlnls Larller kunLl had a son
named karna from Lhe sungod
1hls was before she had god marrled Lo andu karna became a frlend of uuryodhanas 8ecause
of a curse lmposed on hlm by a sage andu dled ln Lhe foresL
uuryodhana Lrled hls besL Lo klll Lhe andavas Pe seL flre Lo a house of lac ([aLugrlha) ln whlch
kunLl and Lhe flve andavas were sLaylng 8uL Lhe andavas were saved and fled Lo a clLy named
Lkachakra 1here Lhey llved dlsgulsed as brahmanas ln Lkachakra Lhey desLroyed a rakshasa
named vaka 1hey Lhen won Lhe hand of Lhe daughLer of Lhe klng of anchala Per name was
uroupadl and all flve andava broLhers marrled her When uuryodhana learnL LhaL Lhe andavas
were allve he handed over half Lhe klngdom Lo Lhem
Meanwhlle Lhe foresL khandava had Lo be burnL and krlshna and Ar[una dld Lhls LogeLher
krlshna had befrlended Ar[una When Ar[una successfully defeaLed Lhe god Agnl aL Lhe burnlng
of Lhe khandava foresL Agnl gave hlm several dlvlne weapons Ar[una had also obLalned dlvlne
weapons from hls guru uronacharya
Cn Lhe andava slde ?udhlsLhlra had become klng 1he andavas organlsed a ra[asuya ya[na
(royal sacrlflce) ln whlch Lhey conquered several klngdoms and accumulaLed loL of wealLh 1hls
made uuryodhana envlousPe arranged a game of dlce (aksha) beLween ?udhlsLhlra and uuryodhanas
uncle Shakunl
Shakunl dld noL play falrly and ?udhlsLhlra losL Lhe game As penalLy for Lhe loss Lhe andavas
were Lo spend Lwelve years ln Lhe foresL and one addlLlonal year wlLhouL belng deLecLed
uroupadl wenL wlLh Lhem Lo Lhe foresL as dld Lhe andavas prlesL uhoumya
AfLer Lhe Lwelve years were over Lhe andavas came Lo Lhe klngdom of klng vlraLa where Lhey
proposed Lo spend Lhe addlLlonal year LhaL had Lo be spenL ln dlsgulses ?udhlsLhlra preLended Lo
be a brahmana 8hlma a cook Ar[una a dancer nakula and Sahadeva sLablehands uroupadl
became Lhe queens mald 1he queens broLher klchaka Lrled Lo molesL uroupadl buL was kllled
by 8hlma When Lhe year was over Lhe kauravas aLLacked klng vlraLa Lo rob hlm of hls caLLle
8uL Ar[una defeaLed all Lhe kauravas and saved vlraLas caLLle AfLer Lhls success Lhe ldenLlLy of
Lhe andavas could no longer be kepL a secreL 8uL Lhankfully Lhe one year durlng whlch
ldenLlLles had Lo be kepL a secreL was over
klng vlraLas daughLer uLLara was marrled Lo Abhlmanyu Ar[unas son Abhlmanyus moLher
was Subhadra whom Ar[una had marrled Subhadra also happened Lo be krlshnas slsLer
1he andavas now demanded Lhelr rlghLful share of Lhe klngdom buL uuryodhana refused A
war was lmmlnenL A huge baLLallon of soldlers was known as an akshouhlnl uuryodhana
collecLed eleven akshouhlnls for Lhe war and ?udhlsLhlra collecLed seven krlshna was senL as a
messenger Lo uuryodhana Lo Lry and preserve Lhe peace krlshna Lold uuryodhana LhaL Lhe
andavas would be saLlsfled wlLh a mere flve vlllages uuryodhana refused Lo glve Lhem even
Lhls wlLhouL a flghL
So Lhe armles gaLhered for a war on Lhe plalns of kuruksheLra noLlclng LhaL elders and relaLlves
llke 8hlshma and uronacharya were flghLlng on Lhe slde of Lhe kaurvas Ar[una was relucLanL Lo
flghL 8uL krlshna gave Ar[una lessons whlch have come down Lo us as Lhe ClLa Pe LaughL Lhere
was no reason for sorrow lf 8hlshma or uronacharya dled LhaL was only a deaLh of Lhelr physlcal
bodles 1he Lrue ldenLlLy of a person was hls aLman (soul) whlch never dled buL passed from one
body Lo anoLher 1rue bllss was obLalned when Lhe aLman unlLed wlLh Lhe 8rahman (dlvlne
essence) or aramaLman (supreme soul) 1hls was always Lhe goal of a yogl LhaL ls a person
who soughL unlon wlLh Cod
1hus lnsLrucLed by krlshna Ar[una sLarLed Lo flghL WlLh Lhe help of Shlkhandl he defeaLed
8hlshma 1hls happened on Lhe LenLh day of Lhe flghLlng 8hlshma dld noL however dle Pe had
earller recelved Lhe boon LhaL he would only dle when he acLually wlshed Lo do so lor many
days he lay Lhere ln Lhe baLLlefleld on a bed of arrows AfLer 8hlshmas defeaL uronacharya
became Lhe general on Lhe andava slde uronaharya kllled vlraLa urupada and several oLher
klngs and soldlers on Lhe andava slde uhrlshLadyumna also kllled many kaurava soldlers Cn
Lhe flfLeenLh day of Lhe flghLlng a rumour galned currency LhaL AshvaLLhama uronacharyas son
had been kllled uronacharya abandoned hls weapons on hearlng Lhls bad news and
uhrlshLadyumna faced no problems ln kllllng hlm karna now became Lhe kaurava general and
lasLed for Lwo and a half days before he was kllled by Ar[una Shalya was Lhe lasL kaurava
general Pe foughL for only half a day and was kllled by ?udhlsLhlra8hlma and uuryodhana foughL Lhe
lasL duel of Lhe war wlLh maces 8hlma broke uuryodhanas
Lhlghs and kllled hlm AshvaLLhama had been fumlng ever slnce hls faLher uronacharya had been
kllled by unfalr means ln Lhe dead of Lhe nlghL he enLered Lhe andava camp where he kllled
uhrlshLadyumna and Lhe flve sons of uroupadl uroupadl was dlsconsolaLe and demanded
revenge Ar[una and AshvaLLhama leL loose dlvlne weapons aL each oLher Slnce Lhls mlghL
desLroy Lhe world Lhey were asked Lo wlLhdraw Lhese weapons Ar[una could wlLhdraw hls
weapon buL AshvaLLhama could noL AshvaLLhamas weapon kllled Lhe baby LhaL was ln uLLaras
womb buL when Lhe dead baby was born krlshna broughL lL back Lo llfe 1hls baby was
arlkshlLa
Many klngs and soldlers dled ln Lhe course of Lhe kuruksheLra war 1he only ones lefL allve were
krlLvarma krlpacharya and AshvaLLhama on Lhe kaurava slde and andava slde AfLer Lhe war
was over 8hlshma LaughL ?udhlsLhlra Lhe duLles of klng lL was only afLer Lhls LhaL he dled
As a klng ?udhlsLhlra performed many ya[nas and gave a loL of Lo brahmanas When
?udhlsLhlra learnL LhaL Lhe ?advas had been desLroyed he no longer wlshed Lo rule Pe handed
over Lhe klngdom Lo arlkshlLa and Lhe andavas lefL on a pllgrlmage ln Lhe course of whlch Lhey
dled
lL was krlshna who had used Lhe andavas as a Lool Lo rld Lhe world of evll klngs and esLabllsh
Lhe good ones 8eallslng LhaL Lhe ?adavas were also evll krlshna also ensured LhaL Lhe ?adavas
would be desLroyed Pe Lhen gave up hls llfe aL Lhe place of pllgrlmage LhaL ls known as
rabhasa AfLer krlshna dled Lhe clLy of uvarka was swallowed up by Lhe sea 1hls was Lhe sLory
of Lhe elghLh avaLara of vlshnu
8uddha
1he nlnLh avaLara of vlshnu was 8uddha
Many years ago Lhere was a war beLween Lhe devas and Lhe asuras ln whlch Lhe demons
managed Lo defeaL Lhe gods 1he gods wenL runnlng Lo vlshnu for proLecLlon and vlshnu Lold
Lhem LhaL Mayamoha would be born as 8uddha Lhe son of Shuddhodana Such were Lhe llluslons
LhaL 8uddha creaLed LhaL Lhe asuras lefL Lhe paLh lndlcaLed by Lhe vedas and became 8uddhlsLs
1hese dasLardly creaLures performed ceremonles LhaL were a sure LlckeL Lo naraka
kalkl
kalkl 1he LenLh avaLara of vlshnu wlll be kalkl
1owards Lhe end of Lhe kall era all people wlll be dasLardly 1hey wlll oppose Lhe vedas
become robbers and wlll be concerned only wlLh wealLh 1he dlsbellevers wlll Lhen become
klngs and Lhese klngs wlll also be cannlbals
Much laLer kalkl wlll be born on earLh as Lhe son of vlshnuyasha Pe wlll Lake up arms Lo
desLroy Lhese dlsbellevers kalkls prlesL wlll be Lhe sage ?a[navalkya 1he norms of he four classes
(varna) and Lhe four sLages of llfe (ashrama) wlll be esLabllshed yeL agaln eople wlll
honor Lhe sacred LexLs and become rlghLeous lL wlll Lhen be Llme for Lhe dawn of a new SaLya
?uga a fresh perlod of rlghLeousness ln every cycle (kalpa) and ln every era (manvanLara)
vlshnu ls Lhus born ln varlous forms lL ls a sacred duLy Lo llsLen Lo Lhe sLorles of Lhe Len avaLaras
1he llsLener aLLalns hls deslres and goes Lo heaven
CreaLlon
Agnl nexL Lold vashlshLha Lhe hlsLory of creaLlon
vlshnu ls Lhe Lord of creaLlon preservaLlon and desLrucLlon 8efore creaLlon lL was only Lhe
8rahman LhaL was everywhere 1here was no day nlghL or sky
llrsL vlshnu creaLed Lhe waLers And ln Lhe waLers he sowed Lhe seeds of brahmanda Lhe greaL
egg lrom Lhls seed Lhere developed a golden egg whlch began Lo floaL on Lhe waLers lrom Lhe
egg 8rahma creaLed hlmself Slnce he creaLed hlmself (svayam sambhuLa) 8rahma ls also
known as Svayambhu Pavlng creaLed hlmself 8rahma sLayed lnslde Lhe egg for an enLlre year
And aL Lhe end of Lhe year he spllL Lhe egg lnLo Lwo Cne parL of Lhe egg formed Lhe heaven Lhe
oLher Lhe earLh And ln beLween Lhe Lwo parLs of Lhe egg 8rahma creaLed Lhe sky
8rahma nexL esLabllshed Lhe earLh on Lhe waLers and made Lhe Len dlrecLlons Pe creaLed Llme
llghLnlng Lhunder clouds ralnbows words and anger 1o ensure LhaL ya[nas could be performed
LexLs of Lhe 8lg veda Lhe ?a[ur veda and Lhe Sama veda emerged from hls body Poly people
use Lhe vedas Lo perform Ceremonles meanL for Lhe gods
lrom Lhe powers of hls mlnd 8rahma creaLed seven sons 1helr names were Marlchl ALrl
Anglra ulasLya ulaha kraLu and vashlshLha
rlLhu ls recognlsed as Lhe flrsL klng rlLhu was descended from uhruva And rlLhus faLher
vena was also a klng 8uL vena was an evll klng he was slmply noL lnLeresLed ln proLecLlng hls
sub[ecLs 1he sages Lherefore kllled vena wlLh a sLraw and afLer vena had dled Lhey began Lo
knead Lhe dead bodys rlghL hand and lL was Lhus LhaL rlLhu emerged Pe wore armour and
carrled bow and arrows when he was born Pe ruled well as per Lhe dlcLaLes of dharma Pe
looked upon all hls sub[ecLs as hls own sons lrom rlLhu Lhe earLh came Lo be known as rlLhlvl
Pow 1o ray Pow 1o 8ulld 1emples And ldols
1he Agnl urana nexL has several chapLers on how Lo pray and on how Lo bulld Lemples and
ldols 1he Lechnlques of praylng Lo vlshnu Shlva Surya and Lhe oLher gods and goddesses are
descrlbed lncludlng Lhe speclal manLras (lncanLaLlons) LhaL musL be used so as Lo please speclflc
gods and Lhere are prescrlbed forms for such baLhlng as well
A person who bullds Lemples ls blessed Lven lf one merely Lhlnks of bulldlng Lemples Lhe slns
of a hundred llves are forglven A bullder of a slngle Lemple goes Lo heaven (svarga) A bullder
of flve Lo shlvaloka a bullder of elghL vlshnuloka and a bullder of slxLeen Lemples ls freed from Lhe
shackles of belng born agaln and agaln WhaL ls Lhe polnL of earnlng money lf one does noL
bulld Lemples? Money ls also meanL Lo be donaLed as alms Lo brahmanas buL Lhe punya or merlL
earned from bulldlng a Lemple ls greaLer Lhan Lhe punya earned from donaLlng alms 1he merlL
earned by bullder of Lemples ls greaLesL for a golden Lemple lesser for a sLone Lemple sLlll lesser
for a wooden Lemple and leasL from earLhen Lemple
More punya ls acqulred from bulldlng an ldol Lhan from bulldlng a Lemple ldols of gods and
goddesses should always be seL up so LhaL Lhey face Lhe clLy Lhey should noL face away from Lhe
clLy 1he easy ls for 8rahmas vlshnu ldol can be seLup anywhere aL all
ulfferenL ldols of vlshnu musL have dlfferenL forms Conslder for example ldols or lmages of
Lhe Len lncarnaLlons of vlshnu 1he MaLsya (flsh) avaLara musL naLurally look llke a flsh and Lhe
kurma (LurLle) avaLara musL look llke a LurLle 8uL Lhe varaha (boar) avaLara wlll four arms llke a
man and wlll hold a gada (mace) a padma (loLus flower) a shankha (conch shell) and a chakra
(bladed dlscuss) ln Lhese four arms 1he naraslmha avaLara should have Lwo arms holdlng a
chakra and a gada and should wear a garland 1he vamana (dwarf) avaLara should hold an
umbrella and a sLlck ln hls Lwo hands arashurama wlll have four hands wlLh a bow arrows a
sword and an axe ln Lhese hands 8amas lmage can have elLher Lwo arms or four lf Lhere are
four arms Lhe four hands wlll hold a bow arrows a conch shell and a chakra 8alaramas lmage
may also have elLher four arms or Lwo lf Lhere are Lwo arms Lhe four arms Lhe hands wlll hold a
plough a conch shell a club and a chakra 8uddhas lmage should have a calm appearance lL
should be seaLed on a loLus 1he ears should be elongaLed kalkls lmage ls LhaL of a brahmana
seaLed on a horse and holdlng a bow and arrows a conch shell a sword and a chakra
krlshnas lmage may be elLher Lwoarmed or fourarmed 1hree of Lhe four arms wlll hold a gada
a chakra and a shankha 1he fourLh palm wlll be opened ouL ln Lhe acL of granLlng a boon Cn
elLher slde of krlshnas lmage Lhere wlll be lmages of 8rahma and Shlva 8rahma has four faces
and four arms and Lhe lmage should have a pronounced rldes a swan Cn elLher slde of 8rahmas
lmage Lhere wlll be lmages of SarasvaLl and SavlLrl
vlshnus lmage has elghL arms Seven of Lhe arms hold a sword a mace arrow a bow a shleld a
chakra and a conch shell 1he elghLh palm ls spread ouL as lf vlshnu ls granLlng a boon vlshnu
should be shown rldlng on Caruda Caruda wlll also have elghL arms 1o Lhe rlghL of vlshnus
lmage Lhere should be lmages of Lakshml and SarasvaLl Lakshml holdlng a loLus and SarasvaLl
holdlng a veena (a muslcal lnsLrumenL) 1here has also goL Lo be and lmage of vlshnu exhlblLlng
hls unlversal form (vlshvarupa) 1he vlshavrupa lmage has four heads and LwenLy arms
Chandls lmage has LwenLy arms 1he Len arms on Lhe rlghL hold a spear a sword a shakLl (a
small spear) a chakra a pasha (noose) a shleld a drum and any Lwo oLher weapons 1he Len
arms on Lhe lefL hold snakes a rod an axe an amkusha (used for drlvlng elephanLs) a bow a bell
a flag a mace a mlrror and a cub ln fronL of Chandls lmage Lhere wlll be Lhe lmage of a buffalo
wlLh lLs head cuL off 1he lmage of an asura wlll be shown emerglng from Lhe body of Lhe
buffalo 1he demons halr eyes and garland wlll be red ln colour lL wlll be shown Lo be vomlLlng
blood and lL wlll hold weapons ln lLs hand 1he demons neck wlll be on Lhe llon and her lefL leg
wlll be on Lhe demons back lmages of Chandl may someLlmes also have Len slxLeen or elghLeen
armsShlvas lmage (llnga) may be made ouL of earLh wood lron [ewels gold sllver copper bronze
or mercury
laces Cf llgrlmage
A vlslL Lo a place of pllgrlmage (LlrLha) brlngs Lhe same punya LhaL ls obLalned from performlng a
ya[na lL ls because people had noL gone on pllgrlmages or donaLed gold and cows ln Lhelr earller
llves LhaL Lhey were born poor ln Lhelr nexL llves
1he besL place of pllgrlmage ls ushkara 8rahma oLher gods and sages who wlsh Lo go Lo
heaven llve Lhere 1he besL Llme Lo go Lo ushkara ls ln Lhe monLh of karLlka ln ushkara lLself
Lhere are Lwo oLher places of pllgrlmage known as !ambumarga and 1andullk Ashrama
lL ls dlfflculL Lo go Lo ushkara 8uL Lhere are several oLher LlrLhas as well Cne such ls
kuruksheLra where vlshnu and Lhe oLher gods keep on comlng 1he rlver SarasvaLl flows near
kuruksheLra lf one baLhes ln Lhe SarasvaLl one aLLalns 8rahmaloka
Any reglon Lhrough whlch Lhe rlver Canga flows also becomes a LlrLha Lven lf one sees Lhe
Canga Lhe punya of per formlng ya[nas ls aLLalned A person who bears earLh from Lhe bed of Lhe
Canga on hls head ls freed of all slns
rayaga ls anoLher famous place of pllgrlmage 8rahma vlshnu lndra and Lhe oLher gods
Candharvas apsaras and Lhe sages are always Lhere ln rayaga 1hls ls because Lhe Lwo holy
rlvers Canga and ?amuna come LogeLher ln rayaga 1here are many LlrLhas lnslde rayaga
lLself 1he sages have sald LhaL ln Lhe monLh of Magha lf one baLhes for Lhree days ln rayaga
LhaL ls beLLer Lhan donaLlng crores and crores of cows lf one donaLes alms ln rayaga one goes Lo
Svarga and ls born as a klng ln ones nexL llfe lf one dles ln rayaga one goes sLralghL Lo
vlshnuloka
Shlva hlmself had Lold arvaLl LhaL varanasl was a very holy LlrLha and LhaL Shlva never lefL Lhe
clLy varanasl ls so named because lL ls locaLed aL Lhe [uncLlon of Lwo rlvers varana and Asl
varanasl ls also known as kashl
1he rlver narmada ls also sacred
1here may be several holy LlrLhas buL Caya ls Lhe hollesL of Lhem all A demon named Cayasura
once sLarLed Lo perform and such were Lhe powers of hls Lapasya LhaL Lhe gods began Lo suffer
1hey wenL Lo vlshnu and asked hlm Lo save Lhem vlshnu agreed and appeared before Cayasura
AccepL a boon sald vlshnu
CranL me Lhe boon LhaL l may become Lhe mosL sacred of all LlrLhas replled Lhe dalLya
1he boon was granLed and Cayasura dlsappeared 1he gods reLurned Lo svarga buL felL LhaL Lhe
earLh seemed Lo be deserLed now LhaL Cayasura had dlsappeared vlshnu Lhen lnsLrucLed 8rahma
and Lhe oLher gods Lo perform a sacrlflce Pe also asked Lhem Lo go Lo Cayasura and ask for hls
body so LhaL Lhe sacrlflce mlghL be performed on lL Cayasura readlly agreed and as soon as he agreed
hls head fell off from Lhe body 8rahma Lhen proceeded Lo perform Lhe sacrlflce on
Cayasuras headless body 8uL as soon as Lhe sacrlflce sLarLed Lhe body began Lo shake 1hls
meanL LhaL Lhe sacrlflce could noL be properly performed and a soluLlon had Lo be found 1he
soluLlon was LhaL Lhe gods should all enLer a sLone whlch would be placed on Cayasuras body so
LhaL Lhe body would noL shake 1he sacrlflce could Lhen be performed vlshnu hlmself also
enLered Lhe sLone lL ls because Lhe gods and vlshnu are always Lhere ln Caya LhaL Caya ls sacred
ln facL Lhere ls a sLory behlnd Lhls sLone as well
1he sage Marlchl was 8rahmas son and had marrled uharmavraLa Cne day Marlchl wenL Lo Lhe
foresL Lo collecL wood and flowers and reLurned exLremely Llred Pe called uharmavraLa and sald
l am very Llred 1oday you musL wash my feeL for me
uharmavraLa began Lo wash Marlchls feeL when 8rahma suddenly arrlved uharmavraLa dld noL
know whaL Lo do Should she flnlsh washlng her husbands feeL? Cr should she flrsL aLLend Lo
8rahma slnce 8rahmawas Marlchls faLher? She declded Lo aLLend Lo 8rahma flrsL AL Lhls
Marlchl became very angry and cursed uharmavraLa LhaL she would Lurn lnLo a sLone
uharmavraLa was greaLly dlsLressed aL belng cursed for whaL she LhoughL had noL been a faulL aL
all So she performed Lapasya for many years When vlshnu and Lhe oLher gods were pleased aL
uharmavraLas medlLaLlon Lhey appeared and offered Lo granL her a boon
uharmavraLa wlshed LhaL Lhe curse lmposed on her by Marlchl mlghL be walved 1he gods
explalned LhaL Lhls was lmposslble slnce Marlchl was a very powerful sage WhaL Lhey would
however do was Lo make uharmavraLa a very holy sLone deslred even by Lhe gods 1he gods
promlsed Lo be always lnslde Lhls sLone lL was Lhls sLone LhaL was placed on Cayasuras body
Cnce Lhe sacrlflce was over Cayasura hlmself deslred a boon from Lhe gods and Lhe gods
granLed hlm LhaL Caya would become Lhe mosL sacred of all LlrLhas lL was ln Caya LhaL Lhe
andavas had prayed Lo vlshnu
Ceography
1he world ls dlvlded lnLo seven reglons (dvlpas 1helr names are !ambu laksha Shalmall
kusha krouncha Shaka and ushkara 1he seven dvlpas are surrounded by seven oceans and
Lhe names of Lhese oceans are Lavana lkshu Sura Sarplh uadhl uugdha and !ala
8lghL ln Lhe cenLer of !ambudvlpa ls MounL Meru MounLalns named Plmavana PemakuLa and
nlshada are Lo Lhe souLh of Meru and mounLalns named nlla ShveLa and Srlngl are Lo Lhe norLh
of Meru !ambudvlpa ls known by LhaL name as Lhere are a large number of [ambu ([amun) Lrees
ln Lhls area Cn Lhe Lop MounL Meru ls 8rahmas famous clLy
under Lhe earLh ls Lhe underworld 1hls Loo conslsLs of seven reglons and Lhelr names are ALala
vlLala SuLala 1alaLala MahaLala 8asaLsala and aLala 1he dalLyas and Lhe danavas llve ln Lhe
underworld vlshnu ls also Lhere ln Lhe underworld ln hls form of Lhe greaL snake Shesha 1he
snake Shesha holds up Lhe earLh on lLs hood1haL parL of Lhe sky whlch ls llL up by sunrays ls known as
nabha Above Lhe earLh ls Lhe sun
above Lhe sun Lhe moon above Lhe moon Lhe sLars above Lhe sLars Mercury above Mercury
venus above venus !uplLer and above !uplLer Lhe consLellaLlon of Lhe CreaL 8ear
(sapLarshlmandala) 8eyond Lhls consLellaLlon ls Lhe world of uhruva
AsLrology
1he Agnl urana nexL glves a loL of lnformaLlon on asLrology lL sLaLes when marrlages should
Lake place and when Lhey should noL lor example marrlages are never Lo be held ln Lhe monLhs
of ChalLra and ousha or under Lhe slgns of Llbra or Cemlnl lf one ls golng on a Lrlp Lhen
lrlday ls Lhe besL day Lo sLarL on Medlclne should noL be Laken lf one of Lhe nakshaLras (sLars)
ushya PasLa !yeshLha Shravana or Ashvlnl ls noL ln Lhe sky lf one wlshes Lo have a baLh afLer
recoverlng from an lllness Lhen SaLurday ls Lhe besL day for such a baLh
1he flrsL Llme a chllds head ls shaved should never be on 1uesday or a SaLurday Lars should be
plerced on Wednesday or 1hursday new cloLhes should noL flrsL be worn on Wednesday
1hursday or lrlday A new house should noL be enLered lnLo Lhe monLhs of ChalLra !yeshLha
8hadra Ashvlna ousha or Magha lL ls besL Lo reap graln on a Wednesday
ManvanLaras
Lach manvanLara (era) ls rule over by a Manu
1he flrsL Manu was Svayambhuva ShaLakraLu held Lhe LlLle of lndra durlng Lhls manvanLara
1he second Manu was Svarochlsha vlpashchlLa held Lhe LlLle of lndra durlng Lhls manvanLara
1hlrd Manu was uLLama and SushanLl was lndra Lhen
1he fourLh Manu was Lapasa and Shlkhl held Lhe LlLle of lndra Lhen
1he flfLh Manu was 8alvaLa and vlLaLha was lndra Lhen
1he LlLle of lndra was held by Mano[ava durlng Lhe slxLh manvanLara Lhe Manu belng
Chakhusha
nexL came Shradhadeva Lhe sevenLh Manu uranadara belng Lhe lndra
1he elghLh Manus name ls Savarnl and Lhe elghLh lndras 8all 1he elghLh manvanLara has noL
yeL come
1he nlnLh Manu wlll be uakshasavarnl and Lhe nlnLh lndra wll be AdbhuLa
uurlng Lhe LenLh manvanLara Lhe Manu wlll be 8rahmasavarnl and Lhe LlLle of lndra wlll be held
by ShanLluurlng Lhe rule of Lhe elevenLh Manu uharmasavarnl Lhe lndra wlll be Cana
1he LwelfLh Manu wlll be 8udrasavarnl and Lhe LwelfLh lndra wlll be 8lLadhama
8ouchya wlll be Lhe LhlrLeenLh Manu and ulvaspaLl wlll be Lhe LhlrLeenLh lndra
1he fourLeenLh Manu wlll be 8houLya and Lhe LlLle of lndra wlll Lhen be held by Shuchl
uurlng each of 8rahmas days Lhere are fourLeen such manvanLaras AfLer LhaL comes 8rahmas
nlghL when all Lhese llvlng belngs are desLroyed
varnA Ashrama uharma
All Lhe Manus pracLlsed Lhe precepLs of dharma (rlghLeousness) 1hls meanL nonvlolence
LruLhfulness pleLy golng on pllgrlmages donaLlng alms servlng devas and brahmanas Lolerance
of all rellglons and Lhe followlng of Lhe sacred LexLs lL also meanL Lhe pracLlce of Lhe sysLem of
Lhe four classes (varna) and Lhe four sLages ln llfe (ashrama)
1he four varnas are brahmanas kshaLrlyas valshyas and shudras erformlng sacrlflces donaLlng
alms and sLudylng Lhe vedas are duLles LhaL brahmanas kshaLrlyas and valshyas musL perform ln
addlLlon Lhe kshaLrlyas musL proLecL Lhe good and punlsh Lhe evll 1he valshyas musL Lake care of
Lrade agrlculLure and anlmal husbandry 1he duLles of shudras are Lo serve Lhe brahmanas and
arLlsanshlp When brahmanas Lake up Lhe upavlLa Lhe sacred Lhread LhaL ls Lhe mark of Lhe flrsL
Lhree classes lL ls llke a second blrLh for Lhem So brahmanas are known as dvl[as (born Lwlce)
An anuloma marrlage ls a marrlage where Lhe husband ls from a hlgher class Lhan Lhe wlfe 1he
offsprlng of such a marrlage belong Lo Lhe moLhers' class A praLlloma marrlage ls a marrlage
where Lhe wlfe ls from a hlgher class Lhan Lhe husband Chandalas were born Lhls way from
brahmana women SuLas from kshaLrlya women uevalas from valshya women ukkashas from
kshaLrlya women and Magadhas from valshya women Chandalas are execuLloneers SuLas
charloLeers uevalas guards ukkashas hunLers and Magadhas bards Chandalas should llve
ouLslde Lhe vlllages and should noL Louch Lhose belonglng Lo any oLher class
1he besL name for a brahmana ls LhaL whlch ends ln Sharma Slmllarly Lhe besL name for a
kshaLrlya ends ln varma for a valshya ln CupLa and for a shudra ln uasa 1he sacred Lhread
ceremony ls Lo be held aL Lhe age of elghL years for brahmanas eleven years for kshaLrlyas and
Lwelve years for valshyas no sacred a Lhread ceremony should be held beyond slxLeen years of
age
1he flrsL sLage ln llfe ls LhaL of brahmacharya (sLudenLhood) A sLudenL should never eaL honey or
meaL and should never lndulge ln slnglng or danclng Pe should compleLely glve up vlolence and
speaklng Lo women Pls duLles are Lo dlscuss Lhe shasLras (holy LexLs) and assoclaLe wlLh learned
men AparL from LhaL he wlll medlLaLe ln sollLude on Lhe Lrue naLure of Lhe brahman
1he nexL sLage of llfe ls LhaL of CrlhasLha (household sLage) A brahmana may have four wlves a
kshaLrlya Lhree a valshya Lwo and a shudra only one 1he husband and Lhe wlfe should be from Lhe
same varna Marrlage across varna ls Lo be avolded A woman can marry agaln provlded LhaL
her husband has dlsappeared ls dead has become a hermlL or ls such a slnner LhaL he ls expelled
from hls own varna lf her husband dles a wldow ls permlLLed Lo marry her laLe husbands
younger broLher
A householder should geL up aL dawn and pray Lo Lhe gods Pe should always baLhe ln Lhe
mornlng Pe should noL Lalk lmpollLely Pe should noL blLe hls nalls Pe should noL laugh aL Lhose
who are lnferlor And he should never reslde ln a place where Lhere ls no klng no docLor or no
rlver Pe musL noL lnsulL hls elders Pe should never crlLlclse Lhe vedas Lhe shasLras Lhe devas
Lhe sages and Lhe klng And he musL never Lravel wlLhouL a llghL aL nlghL
1he Lhlrd ashrama ls vanaprasLha (foresL dwelllng sLage) Such a person should always sleep on
Lhe ground and wear sklns as cloLhes Pe should wear hls halr maLLed and glve up Lhe company
of oLher people Pe has Lo serve gods and guesLs and llve on frulL and rooLs
ln Lhe flnal sLage of llfe (sannyasa) a person becomes a hermlL ln Lhls ashrama a person aLLalns
Lrue knowledge and ls compleLely freed 8uL he should become a hermlL only when he ls
convlnced LhaL he has compleLely losL all lnLeresL ln maLerlal pursulLs Such a person ls noL
affecLed by blrLh or deaLh Pe reallses LhaL Lhe physlcal body ls LranslenL LhaL lL ls of no concern
aL all lL ls Lhe knowledge of Lhe aLman (soul) LhaL ls Lhe besL form of knowledge When one galns
Lhls knowledge one reallses Lhe ldenLlflcaLlon of Lhe aLman wlLh Lhe brahman one undersLands
LhaL Lhe brahman ls everywhere
Slns And 1helr ALonemenL
lf one commlLs a sln one has Lo aLone for lL 1hls ls known as prayashchlLLa lf one does noL
aLone for Lhe slns LhaL one has commlLLed lL ls Lhe klngs duLy Lo punlsh Lhe slnner
lf one drlnks from a well where Lhe dead body of an anlmal has been floaLlng one has Lo fasL for
Lhree days 1he worsL posslble slns are Lhe kllllng of brahmana Lhe drlnklng of wlne and LhefL
CLher slns are crlLlclslng Lhe vedas Lhe bearlng of false wlLness kllllng a frlend kllllng a cow
forsaklng ones parenLs or sons Lhe selllng of ponds murder lylng kllllng anlmals and Lhe
cuLLlng down of green Lrees for fodder
A klller of a brahmana has Lo bulld a huL ln Lhe foresL and llve Lhere for Lwelve years Pe has Lo
beg for a llvlng and glve up all LhaL he possesses Lo anoLher brahmana A klller of cows has Lo
llve on [usL coarse graln for a monLh Pe has Lo llve wlLh caLLle and follow Lhem around durlng
Lhe day All hls possesslons have Lo be glven up Lo a brahmana and he has Lo baLhe ln cows urlne
for Lwo monLhs
lf a brahmana sLeals gold he should go and reporL hls crlme Lo Lhe klng 1he klng wlll Lhen hlL
hlm wlLh a club and Lhls wlll be Lhe brahmanas prayashchlLLa
1he sln of kllllng kshaLrlya ls onefourLh Lhe sln of kllllng a brahmana lf one kllls a valshya Lhe
sln ls oneelghLh Lhe sln of kllllng a brahmana And lf one kllls a shudra Lhe sln ls oneslxLeenLh of Lhe sln
of kllllng a brahmana kllllng a caL a mongoose a frog a dog a llzard or a crow ls as
slnful as kllllng a shudra
vraLas
uependlng on Lhe LlLhl (lunar day) Lhe day of Lhe week Lhe nakshaLras (sLars) Lhe monLh Lhe
season and Lhe poslLlon of Lhe sun cerLaln speclflc rellglous rlLes and ceremonles have Lo be
performed 1hese are known as vraLas
1he flrsL day of Lhe lunar forLnlghL ls known as praLlpada 1he day of praLlpada ln Lhe monLhs of
karLlka Ashvlna and ChalLra are 8rahmas LlLhls lL ls Lhen LhaL Lhe worshlp of 8rahma musL be
done
Cn Lhe second day of Lhe lunar forLnlghL (dvlLlya) one should eaL only flowers and pray Lo Lhe
Lwo Ashvlnls 1hls makes Lhe suppllcanL handsome and lucky Shuklapaksha ls LhaL lunar
forLnlghL ln whlch Lhe moon waxes and Shuklapaksha dvlLlya ln Lhe monLh of karLlka ls
earmarked for Lhe worshlp of ?ama lf one performs Lhls vraLa one does noL have Lo go Lo naraka
(hell) 1hls ls also Lhe day for praylng Lo 8alarama and krlshna
lL was on Lhe Lhlrd day of Lhe lunar forLnlghL (LrlLlya) ln shuklapaksha and ln Lhe monLh of
ChalLra LhaL Shlva marrled arvaLl or Courl 8lLes performed on Lhls day are Lhus known as
gourlvraLa Shlva and arvaLl have Lo be glven offerlngs of frulL 1he elghL names of arvaLl have
Lo be reclLed 1hese are LallLa vl[aya 8hadra 8havanl kumuda Shlva vasudevl and Courl
ChaLurLhl vraLa ls performed on Lhe fourLh day of Lhe lunar forLnlghL ls shuklapaksha and ln Lhe
monLh of Magha 1hls ls Lhe day for worshlpplng Lhe common gods (gana devaLa) 1he offerlngs
on Lhls occaslon are Lo be wlne and fragranL perfumes
Cn Lhe flfLh day of Lhe lunar forLnlghL one performs panchaml vraLa 1hls granLs good healLh and
Lakes care of bad omens arLlcularly ausplclous for panchaml vraLa are Lhe shuklapakshas ln Lhe
monLhs of Shravana 8hadra Ashvlna and karLlka
Cn Lhe slxLh day of Lhe lunar forLnlghL one performs shashLhl vraLa Cne has Lo llve only on frulL
and lf one performs Lhls vraLa Lhe frulLs of any acLlon LhaL one performs llve forever ShashLhl
vraLa should be observed especlally ln Lhe monLhs of karLlka and 8hadra
Surya ls Lo be worshlpped on Lhe sevenLh (sapLaml) day of Lhe lunar forLnlghL lf sapLaml vraLa ls
observed ln shuklapaksha all sorrow dlsappears Slns are sLoned for and all ones deslres are
aLLalned Women who have no chlldren can have sons lf Lhey observe Lhese rlLes
1he elghL day of Lhe lunar forLnlghL (ashLaml) ls very slgnlflcanL krlshna was born on Lhls LlLhl ln
Lhe monLh of 8hadra when Lhe nakshaLra 8ohlnl was ln Lhe sky AshLaml ls Lherefore ausplclous
ln Lhe monLh of 8hadra lf one fasLs on LhaL day and prays Lo krlshna Lhe slns of ones earller
seven llves are aLoned for 8uL Lhls vraLa ls Lo be observed ln krlshnapaksha and noL ln
shuklapaksha slnce krlshna was born ln krlshnapaksha 1ogeLher wlLh krlshna 8ohlnl and Lhe
moon uevakl vasudeva ?ashoda nanda and 8alarama are also Lo be worshlpped on Lhe occaslon
Slnce krlshna Look blrLh ([anma) on Lhls ashLaml LlLhl Lhls parLlcular day ls known as
[anmashLaml
1he elghLh day of Lhe lunar forLnlghL can be lmporLanL even lf lL ls noL Lhe monLh of 8hadra lor
example Lhe elghLh day of Lhe lunar forLnlghL mlghL be a Wednesday (budha vara) ln boLh
shuklapaksha and krlshnapaksha lrrespecLlve of Lhe monLh such an ashLaml ls lmporLanL and ls
known as budhashLaml Cn LhaL day one has Lo llve only on molasses and rlce and perform Lhe
vraLa
1here used Lo be a brahamana named uhlra whose wlfe was named 8ambha uhlras son was
koushlka hls daughLer was vl[aya and uhlras bull was named uhanada koushlka would go
wlLh Lhe oLher cowherds Lo graze Lhe bull Cnce when koushlka was havlng a baLh ln Lhe rlver
8haglraLhl and Lhe bull was grazlng some Lhleves came and sLole Lhe bull koushlka and hls
slsLer vl[aya looked everywhere for lL buL could noL flnd lL ln searchlng for Lhe bull Lhey came
Lo a lake where some women were baLhlng ln Lhe course of performlng a vraLa 8roLher and slsLer
were Llred and hungry and Lhey craved for some food 1he women agreed Lo glve Lhem food buL
only afLer koushlka and vl[aya had also performed Lhe budhashLaml vraLa And as soon as
koushlka perfomed Lhe rlLual Lhe bull was mlraculously reLurned Lo hlm Such were Lhe powers
of Lhe vraLa LhaL koushlka could geL hls slsLer vl[aya marrled off Lo ?ama and hlmself became
Lhe klng of Ayodhya AfLer Lhelr parenLs uhlra and 8ambha had dled vl[aya dlscovered LhaL her
faLher and moLher were ln naraka When she asked ?ama as Lo how her parenLs mlghL be
dellvered from naraka ?ama Lold her LhaL koushlka and vl[aya should perform budhashLaml
vraLa agaln And lmmedlaLely afLer Lhey dld so Lhe parenLs aLLalned Svarga
1he nlnLh day of Lhe lunar forLnlghL ls navaml and navaml ln shuklapaksha especlally ln Lhe
monLh of Ashvlna ls earmarked for Lhe worshlp of Courl An anlmal has Lo be sacrlflced and
offered Lo Lhe goddess on Lhls occaslon
1he brahmanas become all powerful lf Lhey observe dashaml vraLa on Lhe LenLh day of Lhe lunar
forLnlghL and donaLe Len cows 1he elevenLh day of Lhe lunar forLnlghL (ekadashl) ls for fasLlng lL
ls also Lhe LlLhl for praylng Lo vlshnu 1he observance of ekadashl vraLa granLs sons and wealLh
and aLones for ones slns
1he LwelfLh day of Lhe lunar forLnlghL ls dvadashl Any dvadashl ln shuklapaksha ls ausplclous
for worshlpplng vlshnu uuadashl ln Lhe monLh of 8hadra ls for praylng Lo cows and calves and
ln Lhe monLh of ChalLra lL ls for praylng Lo Lhe god of love (Madana) lf one observes dvadashl
for an enLlre year one never has Lo go Lo naraka An especlally good con[uncLlon ls dvadashl ln
shuklapaksha ln Lhe monLh of 8hadra when Lhe nakshaLra Shravana ls ln Lhe sky lf one fasLs and
observes a vraLa Lhen one earns greaLer punya Lhan from baLhlng ln Lhe confluence of sacred
rlvers lf 8udha (Mercury) ls also ln Lhe sky Lhe punya ls mulLlplled severalfold
1rayodashl vraLa ls on Lhe LhlrLeenLh day of Lhe lunar forLnlghL and Lhls rlLual was flrsL performed
by Lhe god of lover when he wanLed Lo please Shlva 1hls ls Lhe LlLhl on whlch Shlva ls
worshlpped ln Lhe monLh of Ashvlna lndra ls also revered on Lhls LlLhl And ln Lhe monLh of
ChalLra Lhe god of love ls worshlpped ln shuklapaksha on Lhe same LlLhl1he fourLeenLh day of Lhe lunar
forLnlghL (chaLurdashl) ls also earmarked for Shlva parLlcularly
ln Lhe monLh of karLlka Cne fasLs and donaLes Lo brahmanas and Lhereby aLLalns svarga 1he
chaLurdashl ln krlshnapaksha LhaL comes beLween Lhe monLhs of Magha and lalguna ls known as
ShlvaraLrl 1hen one has Lo fasL and sLay awake Lhe whole nlghL Larller Lhere used Lo be an evll
hunLer named Sundarasena 8uL because he performed a vraLa on ShlvaraLrl all hls slns were
forglven
nA8AkAS (PLLLS)
lf one worshlps vlshnu wlLh flowers one never goes Lo hell
1here are several such hells AlLhough people do noL wlsh Lo dle Lhey are bound Lo dle once Lhelr
predesLlned Llme span on earLh has been exhausLed Cne Lhen has Lo pay for whaLever slns one
mlghL have commlLLed 1he slnners suffer and Lhose who have performed good deeds are
naLurally rewarded 1here are ln facL Lwo gaLes LhaL lead lnLo ?amas abode 1he good are
broughL by yamaduLas (?amas servanLs) Lhrough Lhe wesLern gaLe and are Lhen Laken Lo svarga
?amas servanLs brlng Lhe evll Lo hlm Lhrough Lhe souLhern gaLe and ?ama Lhen despaLches Lhem
Lo Lhe varlous hells
lf one kllls a cow one has Lo spend one lakh years ln a naraka known as mahavlcha lf one kllls a
brahmana or sLeals land Lhere ls a burnlng naraka named Amakumbha LhaL one goes Lo 1here
one suffers Llll Lhe day when Lhe world ls desLroyed A klller of women chlldren or old men sLays
ln 8ourava naraka for Lhe span of fourLeen manavanLaras An arsonlsL ls senL Lo Maharourava and
burnL Lhere for an enLlre kalpa A Lhlef goes Lo 1amlsra were he ls conLlnuously plerced wlLh
spears by ?amas servanLs for several kalpas AfLer LhaL a Lhlef ls Laken Lo MahaLamlsra Lo be
blLLen by snakes and lnsecLs
lf you klll you faLher or moLher you wlll be senL Lo Lhe hell AslpaLravana 1here you wlll be
conLlnuously sllced lnLo pleces wlLh swords lf you burn someone Lo deaLh you wlll go Lo
karambhavaluka where you wlll be placed on burnlng sands
A person who eaLs sweeLs alone goes Lo kakola and ls fed only worms A person who does noL
perform ya[nas goes Lo kuLLala and ls fed blood An oppressor ls senL Lo 1allapaka and ls crushed
llke an ollseed Lhere A llar ls senL Lo Lhe naraka named MahapaLa 1here are several oLher
narakas for Lhose who encourage lnLerclass marrlages Lhose who klll anlmals Lhose who cuL
Lrees Lhose who eaL Loo much meaL Lhose who crlLlclse Lhe vedas Lhose who bear also wlLness
and Lhose who crlLlclse Lhelr Leachers
Clvlng Alms
Clvlng alms ls exLremely lmporLanL as means for achlevlng punya Alms always have Lo be
donaLed when one goes Lo vlslL a Lemple or a place of pllgrlmage 1he glver musL always face Lhe
easL and Lhe recelver musL always face Lhe norLh when alms are belng glven Such donaLlons have
Lo be made afLer one has had a baLh1he besL ob[ecLs for donaLlons are gold horses ollseeds snakes
malds charloLs Lrees houses
daughLers and cows lf one promlses Lo glve someLhlng buL laLer goes back on ones promlse one
ls sure Lo be desLroyed lL should be remembered LhaL Lhe enLlre ob[ecL of donaLlon alms ls losL lf
one expecLs graLlLude or frlendshlp ln reLurn lL ls beLLer Lo glve someLhlng Lo a broLher Lhan Lo a
daughLer lL ls beLLer Lo glve Lo a faLher Lhan Lo a moLher
1he enLlre concepL of donaLlon alms ls dlfferenL ln Lhe four dlfferenL eras ln SaLya ?uga Lhe
glver wenL ouL ln search of reclplenL Lo whom he could glve someLhlng ln 1reLa ?uga Lhe
reclplenL had Lo come Lo Lhe glvers house before he would be glven anyLhlng ln uvapara ?uga
Lhe glver never gave anyLhlng wlLhouL belng asked for lL by Lhe reclplenL And ln kall ?uga Lhe
glver glves only Lo Lhose who are servlle Lo hlm
CayaLrl ManLra
CayaLrl manLra ls a very powerful lncanLaLlon
1he human body has many velns CuL of Lhese Len velns are lmporLanL and Lhelr names are lda
lngala Sushumna Candharl PasLl[lhva rlLha ?asha Alambusha Puha and Shankhlnl 1hese
velns bear Lhe breaLh of llfe 1he breaLh of llfe ls called prana vayu AparL from prana vayu nlne
oLher ma[or breaLhs course Lhrough Lhe human body 1helr names are Apana Samana udana
vyana naga kurma krlkara uevadaLLa and uhanan[aya
CayaLrl ls a goddess worshlpped even by vlshnu and Shlva 1hls goddess ls Lhere everywhere
even ln every lndlvlduals hearL ln Lhe form of a swan CayaLrl manLra ls an lncanLaLlon Lo Lhe
goddess lf one chanLs Lhe manLra seven Llmes ones slns are forglven ChanLlng lL Lhen Llmes
means LhaL one aLLalns svarga 1o aLLaln worlds (lokas) whlch are even more deslrable Lhan
svarga one has Lo chanL gayaLrl manLra LwenLy Llmes lf one chanLs Lhe manLra a hundred and
elghL Llmes lf one chanLs Lhe manLra a hundred and elghL Llmes one does noL have Lo be born
agaln 1he severesL of slns llke kllllng cows brahmanas or parenLs are forglven lf one chanLs Lhe
manLra a Lhousand Llmes CayaLrl manLra has always Lo be preceded by Lhe chanLlng of Lhe sacred
word Cm
1he klng
1he klngs duLles are many Pe has Lo punlsh hls enemles ensure Lhe prosperlLy of hls sub[ecLs
and arrange LhaL hls klngdom ls ruled well Pe has Lo proLecL Lhe sages who perform Lapasya
lnslde Lhe boundarles of hls klngdom
A klng should appolnL a wlse brahmana as hls prlesL Pls mlnlsLers should also be wlse and hls
queen should be a woman who follows Lhe paLh of dharma When a klng dles Llme musL noL be
wasLed 1he prlesL musL lmmedlaLely flnd an ausplclous occaslon so LhaL a new klng can be
appolnLed and crowned A klngdom can never be wlLhouL a klng
8efore Lhe coronaLlon a prospecLlve klng has Lo purlfy hlmself by rubblng hls body wlLh mud
Mud from a mounLaln peak ls used for Lhe ears from a krlshna Lemple for Lhe face from an lndra
Lemple for Lhe back from a palace for Lhe chesL mud ralsed by an elephanLs Lusks for Lhe
rlghL hand mud ralsed by a bulls horns for Lhe lefL hand mud from a ya[na for Lhe Lhlngs and
from a cowshed for Lhe feeL AfLer Lhe klng has Lhus rubbed hlmself wlLh dlfferenL forms of mud
and purlfled hlmself he ls ready Lo be anolnLed lour Lypes of mlnlsLers wlll appolnL hlm
8rahmana mlnlsLers wlLh golden vessels full of clarlfled buLLer wlll sLand of Lhe easLern slde
kshaLrlya mlnlsLers wlLh sllver vessels full of sweeL and Lhlckened mllk wlll sLand on Lhe easLern
slde valshya mlnlsLers wlLh copper vessels full of curds wlll sLand on Lhe wesLern slde And
shudra mlnlsLers wlLh earLhen vessels full of waLer wlll sLand on Lhe norLhern slde 1he prlesLs
wlll Lhen use maLerlal from all four dlrecLlons Lo anolnL Lhe klng WaLer from all Lhe places of
pllgrlmage wlll be poured on Lhe klngs head and LhroaL 1here musL be songs and muslcal
lnsLrumenLs musL be played
1he klng wlll nexL pray Lo 8rahma vlshnu lndra and Lhe oLher gods Pe wlll look aL a mlrror
some clarlfled buLLer and Lhe varlous slgns of good omen LhaL have been placed all around 1he
klng wlll Lhen be crowned and lnLroduced Lo hls mlnlsLers advlsers and guards 1he prlesL wlll be
glven cows goaLs buffaloes and houses by Lhe klng Pe wlll also bow before Lhe brahmanas
AfLer all Lhese ceremonles have been compleLed he Lruly becomes Lhe klng Pe clrcles Lhe flre
Louches hls gurus feeL and wlLh all hls soldlers goes ouL on a processlon Lhrough Lhe sLreeLs so
LhaL hls sub[ecLs can see hlm AL LhaL Llme Lhe klng musL be seaLed elLher on an elephanL or a
horse AfLer Lhe processlon ls over Lhe klng may reLurn Lo hls palace
1he klng has Lo appolnL many offlclals 1he general has goL Lo be a brahmana or a kshaLrlya 1he
charloLeer musL know abouL horses and elephanLs and Lreasurer musL be famlllar wlLh dlfferenL
[ewels 1here has Lo be a docLor a keeper of elephanLs a keeper of horses a capLaln for Lhe
palace and anoLher capLaln for looklng afLer Lhe women of Lhe royal household Lach person musL
be appolnLed Lo Lhe [ob whlch sulLs hls experLlse and LemperamenL besL
Anyone Lhus appolnLed by a klng has Lo sLlck Lo cerLaln rules Pe musL always obey Lhe klngs
orders and musL never do anyLhlng LhaL ls conLrary Lo Lhe klngs commands ln publlc he musL
always say pleasanL Lhlngs Lo Lhe klng lf Lhere are any unpleasanL uLLerances Lo be made Lhey
have Lo be made ln a prlvaLe audlence wlLh Lhe klng 1hose who serve Lhe klng musL noL be
Lhleves nor musL Lhey ever lnsulL Lhe klng 1hey wlll noL dress llke Lhe klng nor wlll Lhey
become Loo lnLlmaLe wlLh Lhe klng 1hey musL noL dlvulge royal secreLs
lor a forL Lhe klng should choose a place LhaL cannoL readlly be aLLacked by enemles 1he klng
musL ensure LhaL Lhe gods are worshlpped Lhe sub[ecLs are proLecLed and Lhe evlls are punlshed
Pe should never sLeal form Lhe Lemples lnsLead he should bulld Lemples and seL up ldols of Lhe
gods Lhere 1he brahmanas musL also be proLecLed and Lhe klng has Lo make sure LhaL no
brahmanas are kllled ln hls klngdom lor a queen he has Lo choose a woman who subscrlbes Lo
Lhese bellefs
1he klng wlll appolnL an offlclal Lo look afLer every Len vlllages and anoLher offlclal Lo look afLer
every hundred vlllages Sples musL be appolnLed Lo flnd ouL all LhaL ls golng no ln Lhe klngdom
1he klng ls enLlLled Lo oneslxLh of all Lhe punya LhaL accrues ln hls klngdom Lhrough hls sub[ecLs
8uL he ls also credlLed wlLh oneslxLh of all Lhe slns LhaL are commlLLed ln hls klngdom 1he Laxes
wlll be levled as per Lhe dlcLaLes of Lhe sacred LexLs lrom whaLever ls recelved as Laxes half wlll go lnLo
Lhe royal Lreasury and Lhe remalnlng half wlll be dlsLrlbuLed amongsL Lhe brahmanas lf
Lhere ls a llar Lhe klng wlll lmpose a penalLy on hlm Lo Lhe exLenL of oneelghLh of Lhe llars LoLal
wealLh lf Lhe owner of any properLy ls noL known Lhe klng wlll keep Lhe properLy ls noL known
Lhe klng wlll keep Lhe properLy ls safe cusLody for a perlod of Lhree years Cnce Lhe owner ls
ldenLlfled wlLhln a perlod of Lhree years he can clalm Lhe properLy 8uL beyond Lhree years he
becomes enLlLled Lo Lhe properLy
1he properLy rlghLs of any mlnor orphan are Lo be proLecLed by Lhe klng lf Lhere ls a LhefL ln Lhe
klngdom Lhe klng musL lmmedlaLely replace whaL has been sLolen wlLh wealLh Laken from hls
own royal Lreasury lf Lhe Lhlef ls caughL and Lhe sLolen goods recovered Lhey are used Lo
replenlsh Lhe Lreasury CneLwenLleLh of proflLs made form Lrade are Lo be pald Lo Lhe klng as
Laxes CneflfLh or oneslxLh of foodgralns are Lo be pald as Laxes Cne day every monLh
crafLsmen wlll work free of charge for Lhe klng 1hey wlll only be glves food from Lhe royal
klLchen
1he klng has Lo pay proper aLLenLlon Lo Lhe prlnces 1hey have Lo be LaughL four Lypes of shasLras
1he flrsL ls dharma shasLra whlch Leaches whaL ls rlghL and whaL ls wrong 1he second ls arLha
shasLra economlcs 1he Lhlrd ls dhanurveda Lhe arL of flghLlng And Lhe lasL sub[ecL LhaL has Lo
be LaughL Lo prlnces ls shllpa arLs and crafLs 1he klng has Lo asslgn bodyguards Lo Lake care of
Lhe prlnces Pe musL ensure LhaL Lhe prlnces assoclaLe wlLh honorable and learned people and noL
wlLh undeslrable characLers ln lnsLances where Lhe prlnces do noL grow up properly desplLe Lhe
klngs besL efforLs Lhe klng ls free Lo keep Lhem lmprlsoned 8uL Lhey should be comforLable ln
Lhe prlson and should noL be made Lo suffer Lhere
1he klng should glve up hunLlng drlnklng and Lhe playlng of dlce Pe musL noL unnecessarlly
wasLe Llme ln Lravelllng around Pe musL flrsL wln over hls servanLs Lhrough hls behavlour and
Lhen do Lhe same for hls sub[ecLs lL ls only afLer Lhls has been achleved LhaL he aLLalns a poslLlon
Lo conquer hls enemles Lhrough Lhe use of arms Anyone who brlngs harm Lo Lhe klngdom musL
lmmedlaLely be kllled lf Lhe klng delays ln dolng LhaL whlch has Lo be done Lhe purpose of Lhe
acLlon ls compleLely losL nor musL Lhe klng lnform oLhers ln advance abouL whaL ls golng Lo be
done no one musL geL Lo know abouL Lhe klngs lnLended acLlons Cnce Lhe acLlons have been
compleLed Lhe frulLs of Lhe acLlons performed are lnformaLlon enough for everyone Lo see 1hls
does noL mean LhaL Lhe klng wlll noL consulL hls mlnlsLers Cf course he wlll LhaL ls why Lhey are
mlnlsLers 8efore sleeplng or eaLlng Lhe klng musL check wheLher Lhe bed or Lhe food ls safe
1here were seven Lechnlques LhaL klngs were supposed Lo use ln rullng Lhelr klngdoms 1hese
were known as sama dana danda bheda maya upeksha and lndra[ala Cf Lhese Lhe flrsL four
are Lhe mosL famous Sama means Lhe arL of genLle persuaslon uana means Lhe usage of
donaLlons or money Lo achleve ones purpose uanda ls punlshmenL And bheda ls Lhe arL of
aggravaLlng dlssenslon amongsL parLles opposed Lo each oLher Maya means Lo use llluslons or
decelL and upeksha ls Lo dellberaLely lgnore people so as Lo achleve ones purpose lndra[ala
llLerally means [ugglery ln Lhls conLexL lL would mean Lo perform a balanclng acL amongsL
opposlng pulls and opposlng parLles
WhaL sorL of punlshmenL Lhe klng should meLe ouL ls also lald down lf anyone lles and says LhaL
hls possesslons have been sLolen he ls Lo be flned an amounL equal ln value Lo LhaL of Lhe possesslons
whlch have supposedly been sLolen A brahmana who bears false wlLness ls Lo be
banlshed from Lhe klngdom A person who kllls cows elephanLs horses or camels wlll have a leg
or a hand cuL off A Lhlef who sLeals gold or sllver or an abducLor of women wlll be execuLed
LxecuLlon ls also prescrlbed ln cases of arson and polsonlng A wlfe who does noL obey her
husband shall be Lorn Lo deaLh by dogs A woman who does noL obey her husband or brahmanas
may also have her nose ears or arms chopped off She wlll when be seL asLrlde a cow and
banlshed from Lhe klngdom
ureams
Some dreams are bad omens ln facL Lhey are nlghLmares Lxamples are dreams abouL grass or
Lrees growlng on ones body dreams ln whlch Lhe dreamer ls shavenheaded or ls wearlng
shabby cloLhes or dreams ln whlch one ls falllng form above lL ls also bad Lo dream of
marrlages slnglng Lhe kllllng of snakes and Lhe kllllng of chandalas or anlmals lf you dream
LhaL you are drlnklng oll or eaLlng blrd meaL LhaL ls also a bad omen CLher examples are where
Lhe dreamer dreams LhaL he ls playlng wlLh monkeys or chandalas when he dreams LhaL devas
brahmanas Lhe klng or Lhe guru ls angry or when he dreams LhaL hls house had collapsed
8emedles have Lo be found lf one dreams such evll dreams 8rahmanas have Lo be worshlpped a
ya[na has Lo be performed and Lhe dreamer has Lo pray Lo vlshnu Shlva 8rahma Canesha or
Surya ureams dreamL ln Lhe flrsL quarLer of ones sleep normally come Lrue over Lhe nexL one
year ureams from Lhe second quarLer come Lrue over Lhe nexL slx monLhs and dreams from Lhe
Lhlrd quarLer over Lhe nexL Lhree monLhs ureams from Lhe lasL quarLer come Lrue over Lhe nexL
forLnlghL and dreams dreamL rlghL aL dawn come Lrue wlLhln Lhe nexL Len days lf one flrsL dreams
a good dream and Lhen an evll one lL ls Lhe evll dream Lhe wlll come Lrue 1herefore lf one
dreams a good dream one should noL sleep anymore Cne should lmmedlaLely arlse
1here are many dreams LhaL are good dreams lor example dreams LhaL lnvolve mounLalns
palaces or snakes Cr Lhe dreamer mlghL dream LhaL he ls rldlng on a horse or a bull lL ls also
good Lo dream of whlLe flowers ln Lhe sky or Lo see Lrees ln a dream Lspeclally good dreams are
Lhose of Lhe dreamers possesslng many arms or many heads or of grass and bushes sprouLlng
form hls navel WhaL lf you dream of wearlng whlLe garlands or cloLhes? 1haL Loo ls good lf you
dream of ecllpses of Lhe sun Lhe moon or Lhe sLars by all means re[olce And lf ln a dream you
see LhaL you have caughL hold of Lhe enemys flag LhaL surely means LhaL you wlll Lrlumph over
Lhe enemy And lf you acLually dream of defeaLlng Lhe enemy Lhe lnLerpreLaLlon ls clear enough
SLrangely enough a dream where Lhe dreamer sees LhaL he ls eaLlng rlce puddlng ls a good
dream As ls Lhe case wlLh dreams of drlnklng wlne or blood Cr even of eaLlng weL meaL A clear
sky ln a dream ls good ureamlng of mllklng a cow or a buffalo wlLh ones own mouLh ls also
good 1he dream conLlnues Lo be a good one lf one dreams of mllklng a lloness or a sheelephanL
Lhus CLher dreams whlch have good lnLerpreLaLlons are for example dreams of Lhe dreamers
recelvlng blesslngs form devas or brahmanas or of belng anolnLed wlLh waLer
1he dreamer who dreams of hls coronaLlon ls blessed And he ls doubly blessed lf he dreams LhaL
hls head has been cuL off or LhaL he has dled or even LhaL hls house has been burnL down 1he
relaLlves of such a dreamer lncrease ln number and he also prospers lL ls good Lo dream of muslcal
lnsLrumenLs belng played Cr of rldlng a bull or cllmblng a Lree WeL cloLhes Lrees laden
wlLh frulL and clear blue skles ln dreams are especlally good
Cmens and Slgns
lf one ls abouL Lo go ouL of Lhe house one should Lake care of any bad omens LhaL Lhere mlghL be
Such bad omens are coLLon drled grass cowdung coal molasses leaLher halr a lunaLlc a
chandala a wldow a dead body ashes bones and a broken vessel lf one comes across Lhese as
one ls abouL Lo leave one should noL sLarL wlLhouL paclfylng Lhe elemenLs Lhrough prayers Lo
vlshnu 1he sound of muslcal lnsLrumenLs ls noL an ausplclous sound aL Lhe beglnnlng of a
[ourney lf Lhe means of LransporL by whlch one ls Lravelllng breaks down LhaL Loo ls a bad
omen lf weapons break perhaps you should posLpone Lhe [ourney 1he same ls Lhe case lf an
umbrella held over ones head happens Lo fall lf one hlLs ones head agalnsL Lhe llnLel of Lhe door
as one ls abouL Loo cross Lhe Lhreshold prayers are agaln lndlcaLed And never call back someone
who has [usL lefL 1haL ls a bad omen and bodes lll for Lhe success of Lhe [ourney
1here are good omens for a deparLure and lf one sees Lhese good omens Lhe [ourney ls bound Lo
be successful Cood omens are whlLe flowers full vessels meaL dlsLanL nolses an old goaL a
cow a horse an elephanL flre gold sllver a sword an umbrella frulL clarlfled buLLer curds a
conch shell sugarcane Lhe sound of Lhunder llghLnlng and a dead body wlLh no one crylng over
lL
Cmens are lmporLanL even lf one ls noL golng on a [ourney A peacock crylng on Lhe lefL means
LhaL someLhlng ls golng Lo be sLolen lf a donkey brays wlLh a broken volce LhaL ls good omen
and someLhlng good wlll happen lf a boar or a buffalo crosses over from Lhe lefL Lo Lhe rlghL LhaL
ls a good omen 8uL lf Lhey cross over from Lhe rlghL Lo Lhe lefL LhaL ls a bad omen Cnes deslres
wlll be aLLalned lf horses Llgers llons caLs or donkeys cross over from Lhe rlghL Lo Lhe lefL
[ackals moles llzards plgs and cuckoos are good omens or Lhe lefL and monkeys are good
omens on Lhe rlghL lf a [ackal calls once Lwlce Lhrlce or four Llmes LhaL ls a good omen lL ls a
bad omen lf a [ackal calls flve or slx Llmes lL ls a very good omen lf a [ackal calls seven Llmes
lf crows caw on Lhe lefL of an army Lhe soldlers wlll noL be able Lo wln lf a crow can be seen
near Lhe door a house Lhls means LhaL Lhere wlll soon be a guesL A crow looklng aL Lhe sum wlLh
one eye slgnlfles greaL danger A crow covered wlLh mud means Lhe aLLalnmenL of ones deslres
A dog barklng lnslde Lhe house leads Lo Lhe deaLh of Lhe householders A person whose lefL llmbs
are snlffed by a dog wlll aLLaln rlches lf Lhe rlghL llmbs are snlffed Lhere wlll be danger A dog
blocklng ones paLh slgnlfles LhefL A dog wlLh a bone or a rope ln lLs mouLh means Lhe loss of
properLy 8uL lL ls a good omen Lo see a dog wlLh meaL ln lLs mouLh
Cows moolng lrregularly mean LhreaLs Lo Lhe masLer of Lhe house lf Lhls happens aL nlghL Lhere
wlll be a LhefL or a deaLh ln Lhe house lf Lhe cows have horns LhaL are weL or daubed wlLh mud
LhaL ls a good slgn for Lhe householders A cow LhaL plays wlLh cranes or doves ls bound Lo dle A
cow LhaL llcks lLs feeL ls also desLlned Lo dle lf an elephanL sLrlkes lLs rlghL fooL wlLh lLs lefL LhaL
ls a good slgn rosperlLy comes lf an elephanL rubs lLs rlghL Lusk wlLh lLs fooL1here ls greaL danger lf an
umbrella falls [usL as one ls abouL Lo leave on a Lrlp !ourneys are Lo be
avolded lf Lhe sLars are noL favourable
8aLLle
Cnce a klng decldes Lo go ouL Lo baLLle seven days are needed for prellmlnarles Cn Lhe flrsL day
vlshnu Shlva and Canesha have Lo be worshlpped Cn Lhe second day Lhe dlkpalas (guardlans of
all Lhe dlrecLlons) are worshlpped Lhe 8udras on Lhe Lhlrd day Lhe planeLs and Lhe sLars on Lhe
fourLh day and Lhe Lwo Ashvlnls and Lhe rlvers on Lhe flfLh day Cn Lhe slxLh day Lhe klng has
ceremonlal baLh ln honor of Lhe vlcLory LhaL ls Lo come And on Lhe sevenLh day Lhe klng leaves
Lo do baLLle
rlor Lo Lhe marchlng Lhe army musL always assemble Lo Lhe easL of Lhe caplLal clLy 1he sLarL of
Lhe march musL be accompanled wlLh Lhe playlng of muslcal lnsLrumenLs Cnce Lhe army has
begun Lo march lL musL never look back AfLer havlng Lravelled for a couple of mlles lL musL
sLop Lo resL any pray Lo Lhe gods and Lhe brahmanas
1he klng musL never dlrecLly flghL 8ecause lf Lhe klng ls kllled Lhe baLLle ls losL 1he klng musL
be rlghL behlnd hls army noL Loo far away from lL An elephanL wlll be guarded by four charloLs
a charloL by four horses and a horse by four lnfanLrymen 1he lnfanLry wlll also be aL Lhe fronL of
army followed by archers and Lhen by Lhe horses 1he charloLs and Lhe elephanLs come lasL of all
1he cowards ln Lhe army musL noL be ln Lhe fronL Lhey musL be aL Lhe back 1he fronL ls for Lhe
brave soldlers 1o Lhe exLenL posslble one should flghL wlLh Lhe sun behlnd ones army
lf a soldler dles ln Lhe course of baLLle he goes sLralghL Lo heaven 1he blood of brave men wash
away all slns 1o be sLruck wlLh a weapon ls beLLer Lhan Lo perform many sacrlflces A person
who flees form Lhe fleld of baLLle performs a sln LhaL ls worse Lhan LhaL of kllllng a brahmana
1he flghL should be beLween equals 1hose who are runnlng away should noL be kllled nor
should specLaLors and Lhose who are unarmed be kllled An enemy capLured ln baLLle should noL
be kepL lmprlsoned Pe should be released and LreaLed llke a son
8ama recepLs
8ama had once LaughL Lakshmana abouL Lhe duLles of a klng 1he Agnl urana now relaLes Lhese
precepLs of 8amas
1he duLles of klng are fourfold llrsLly he has Lo earn wealLh Secondly he has Lo lncrease lL
1hlrdly he has Lo proLecL lL And fourLhly and flnally he has Lo donaLe lL 1he klng musL also be
pollLe and pollLeness comes Lhrough Lhe conquerlng of Lhe senses 1he klng musL be humble 1he
senses are llke mad elephanLs lf Lhe senses are pampered llke mad elephanLs Lhey Lrample
pollLeness and humlllLy underfooL
1he klng musL also be nonvlolenL LruLhful clean and forglvlng Pe should Lake care Lo observe
all Lhe rlLuals Pe should glve food Lo Lhose who are poor Pe should proLecL Lhose who seek royal
proLecLlon Pe should always use words LhaL are pleasanL Lo hear 1he body ls here Loday
and gone Lomorrow SLupld ls Lhe klng who devlaLes form Lhe paLh of rlghLeousness Lo glve
pleasure Lo a body LhaL ls LranslenL 1he curses of unhappy people are enough Lo brlng down a
klng
1here ls only one dlfference beLween gods and anlmals Cods use pleasanL word whlle anlmals
use rough words 1he klng musL use pleasanL words llke a god And he musL use pleasanL words
noL only for Lhose who are hls frlends or are good buL also for Lhose who are hls enemles or are
evll WlLh obelsance Lhe klng pleases hls guru wlLh good behavlour Lhe rlghLeous wlLh duLles Lhe
gods wlLh llve Lhe servanLs and wlLh alms Lhose who are lnferlor
1he klngdom has seven componenLs 1hese are Lhe klng Lhe mlnlsLers Lhe frlends Lhe Lreasury
Lhe army Lhe forLs and Lhe sLaLe lLself Cf Lhese Lhe mosL lmporLanL ls Lhe sLaLe and lL has Lo be
preserved aL all cosLs 1he klng musL be exLremely careful ln Lhe cholce of Lhe mlnlsLers and Lhe
royal prlesL 1he klng musL noL choose or consulL mlnlsLers who are sLupld
1he klngs slgns are hls golden rod or scepLre and an umbrella LhaL ls held over hls head 1he
umbrella should be made of Lhe feaLhers of swans peacocks or cranes buL Lhe feaLhers of
dlfferenL Lypes of blrds should noL be mlxed ln Lhe same umbrella 1he Lhrone should be made of
wood and should be embelllshed wlLh gold A bow can be made of lron horn or wood 1he besL
bow ls one LhaL exLends over four armlengLhs 1he klng can spend upLo one years Lax revenue on
armamenLs and flags
uhanurveda
1he secLlon on uhanurveda ls on arms and weapons
1here are flve Lypes of weapons LhaL are used ln war 1he flrsL caLegory ls LhaL of yanLramukLa
weapons released from a machlne (yanLra) 1hls machlne may be a launcher or even a bow 1he
second caLegory ls LhaL of panlmukLa weapons weapons LhaL are flung by Lhe hand (panl)
Lxamples are spears and sLones 1he Lhlrd caLegory ls known as mukLasandharlLa 1hese are
weapons LhaL can be flung and also wlLhdrawn 1he fourLh caLegory conslsLs of weapons llke
swords LhaL are never released from Lhe hand durlng baLLle
1hese are known as amukLa weapons And Lhe lasL caLegory of weapons conslsLs of bruLe force
and sLrengLh 1hls ls of use ln bouLs of wresLllng
1he besL form of flghLlng ls LhaL wlLh bows and arrows nexL comes flghLlng wlLh spears
followed by flghLlng wlLh swords WresLllng ls Lhe worsL form of flghLlng
8efore almlng Lhe bow (dhanusha) should be held wlLh Lhe arch polnLlng down Lowards Lhe
earLh 1he arrow (vana) should be placed agalnsL Lhe bow wlLh Lhe head polnLlng down 1he bow
should now be ralsed and Lhe lower end of Lhe bow should be ln llne wlLh Lhe archers navel 1he
qulver should be aL Lhe back 8efore releaslng Lhe arrow Lhe bow should be held flrm wlLh Lhe
lefL hand and Lhe arrow wlLh Lhe flngers of Lhe rlghL hand 1he sLrlng of Lhe bow should be pulled
back such LhaL Lhe Lassel of Lhe arrow ls beLween Lhe archers ear and rlghL eye 1he body should noL be
benL when one ls releaslng an arrow nor should on geL exclLed 1he archer has Lo be sLlll
as a plllar 1he LargeL has Lo be ln llne wlLh Lhe lefL flsL and Lhe archers posLure has Lo be llke LhaL
of a Lrlangle lL ls besL Lo pull back Lhe sLrlng of Lhe bow upLo Lhe rlghL ear
A noose (pasha) ls Len arms ln lengLh wlLh boLh ends of Lhe weapon belng clrcular 1he maln
body of Lhe weapon ls made of rope 1here are eleven dlfferenL ways ln whlch a noose may be
held A noose musL always be flung wlLh Lhe rlghL hand
A sword (asl) musL hang Lo Lhe lefL of Lhe walsL When a sword ls Lo be Laken ouL Lhe scabbard
should be grasped ln Lhe lefL hand and Lhe sword should be Laken ouL wlLh Lhe rlghL hand 1here
are LhlrLyLwo dlfferenL way ln whlch a sword and a shleld may be held
roperLy
WhaL happens Lo a persons debLs when he dles? lf he does noL have any sons Lhe person who
lnherlLs Lhe properLy also lnherlLs Lhe debLs and had Lo pay Lhem off lf Lhere ls a son Lhe son pays
Lhe debLs off 8uL a woman ls noL Lo be held responslble for debLs conLracLed by her husband or
her son nor ls a man responslble for debLs conLracLed by hls wlfe or son LxcepLlons are
lnsLances where a husband and a wlfe conLracL a debL [olnLly
lf Lhere are no wlLnesses Lo a conLracLed debL buL Lhe klng feels LhaL Lhe debL was lndeed
conLracLed Lhe klng musL arrange for Lhe debL Lo be repald wlLhln a perlod of slxLyfour days ln
cases of a dlspuLe Lhe person who b rlngs a false sulL wlll be punlshed by Lhe klng And a false
wlLness wlll be glven Lwlce Lhe punlshmenL LhaL ls meLed ouL Lo Lhe one who brlngs a false sulL A
brahmana who bears false wlLness wlll be banlshed from Lhe klngdom A person who agrees Lo
be a wlLness buL laLer wlLhdraws wlll be punlshed elghL Llmes as much as Lhe brlnger of Lhe false
sulL A brahmana who does Lhls wlll be banlshed from Lhe klngdom
lL ls beLLer LhaL Lhe deLalls of a debL conLracLed be wrlLLen down wlLh Lhe names of Lhe Lwo parLles
and Lhe wlLnesses clearly lndlcaLed lf Lhe debLor pays ln lnsLalmenLs Lhe deLalls of all such
paymenLs musL be recorded on Lhe wrlLLen documenL uebLs made ln Lhe presence of wlLnesses
should also be repald ln Lhe presence of wlLnesses lf a wlLness has Lo Lake an oaLh Lhe oaLh
should be admlnlsLered afLer coLLon flre waLer or polson has been placed on Lhe head of Lhe
wlLness
llre or waLer can be used Lo flnd ouL lf a person ls lylng or noL lf flre ls used seven banyan
leaves are placed on Lhe accuseds hand A red hop lump of lron ls Lhen placed on Lhe hand and
Lhe accused had Lo go around a flre seven Llmes lf lL ls found LhaL Lhe hand has noL been burnL
Lhe person has been Lelllng Lhe LruLh And lf Lhe hand has been burnL he had been lylng
Slmllarly an accused person can be lmmersed ln Lhe waLer and lf he does noL drown he has been
Lelllng Lhe LruLh AlLernaLlvely Lhe accused can be made Lo drlnk polson lf Lhe polson does hlm
no harm he ls LruLhful
lf Lhe faLher makes a wlll Lhe properLy wlll be dlvlded amongsL Lhe sons ln accordance wlLh Lhe
provlslons of Lhe wlll 8uL lf all Lhe sons geL an equal share of Lhe properLy Lhe wlfe should also
be glven an equal share oLherwlse Lhe faLher can leave all hls properLy Lo Lhe eldesL son 1he sons and
Lhe faLher obLaln equal shares Lo any properLy or debL LhaL has been lefL by Lhe
grandfaLher 8uL Lhe sons are noL necessarlly enLlLled Lo any properLy LhaL has noL been lefL by Lhe
grandfaLher buL been earned by faLher lf a son ls born afLer Lhe properLy has been dlvlded he Loo
wlll be enLlLled Lo an equal share of any properLy lefL by Lhe grandfaLher uaughLers are noL
enLlLled Lo properLy 8uL sons who have go marrled wlll use onefourLh of Lhelr lnherlLed properLy
Lo geL Lhelr slsLers marrled
uonaLlng Lhe uranas
1he Agnl urana now descrlbes Lhe beneflLs of glvlng alms along wlLh Lhe uranas 1he uranas
are Lo be donaLed LogeLher wlLh cows And ln Lalklng of Lhe mahauranas Lhe Agnl urana also
menLlons mosL of Lhelr lengLh ln Lerms of Lhe number of shlokas (coupleLs) LhaL each has 1hls ls
worLh sLaLlng
1he 8rahma urana ls LwenLyflve Lhousand 1he adma urana ls Lwelve Lhousand
1he vlshnu urana ls LhlrLeen Lhousand 1he vayu urana ls fourLeen Lhousand
1he 8hagavaLa uranals elghLeen Lhousand 1he narada urana ls LwenLyflve Lhousand
1he Markandeya urana ls nlne Lhousand 1he Agnl urana ls Lwelve Lhousand
1he 8rahmavalvarLa urana ls elghLeen Lhousand 1he Llnga urana ls eleven Lhousand
1he varaha urana ls fourLeen Lhousand 1he Skanda urana ls elghLyfour Lhousand
1he vamana urana ls Len Lhousand 1he kurma urana ls elghL Lhousand
1he MaLsya urana ls LhlrLeen Lhousand 1he Caruda urana ls elghL Lhousand
1he 8rahmanda urana ls Lwelve Lhousand
1he only mahaurana whlch ls mlsslng from Lhe above llsL ls Lhe 8havlshya urana ?ou now
have a preLLy good ldea of how long Lhe uranas are 1he Skanda urana ls Lhe longesL and Lhe
kurma and Caruda uranas Lhe shorLesL 8uL unforLunaLely Lhe numbers ln Lhe Agnl urana are
noL Lerrlbly accuraLe 1he adma urana has flfLyflve Lhousand coupleLs and noL Lwelve as
sLaLed 1he varaha urana has LwenLyfour Lhousands coupleLs and noL fourLeen Lhousand 1he
Agnl urana lLself has sllghLly over flfLeen Lhousand coupleLs and noL Lwelve Lhousand 8uL aL
leasL you have some approxlmaLe ldea abouL Lhe lengLhs of Lhe varlous uranas
1he 8rahama urana ls Lo be glven ln Lhe monLh of valshakha 1he adma urana ls Lo be
donaLed ln Lhe monLh of !yalshLha 1he vlshnu urana ls Lo be donaLed ln Lhe monLh of Ashada
and Lhe vayu urana ln Lhe monLh of Shravana 1he 8hagavaLa urana ls Lo be glven ln Lhe
monLh of 8hadra Lhe narada urana ln Lhe monLh of Ashvlna Lhe Markandeya urana ln Lhe
monLh of karLlka Lhe Agnl urana ln Lhe monLh of Margashlrsha and Lhe 8havlshya urana ln
Lhe monLh of ousha 1he 8rahmavalvarLa urana ln Lhe monLh of ousha 1he 8rahmavalvarLa urana
ls for Lhe monLh of Magha Lhe Llnga urana for Lhe monLh of lalguna and Lhe varaha
urana for Lhe monLh of ChalLra
1he Skanda urana ls Lo be glven Lo brahmanas 1he vamana urana ls Lo be glven ln Lhe
auLumn 1he kurma urana ls Lo be glven LogeLher wlLh a golden urn 1he MaLsya urana ls Lo be
donaLed LogeLher wlLh a golden swan 1he 8rahmanda urana ls Lo be glven Lo brahmanas
CreaL beneflLs are also Lo be derlved from hearlng Lhe uranas reclLed 1he reclLer has Lo be glven
alms and Lhe brahmanas musL be glven cows rlce and land aL Lhe Llme of Lhe reclLaLlon lf one
arranges for a reclLaLlon of Lhe uranas one llves long sLays healLhy and aLLalns heaven
uynasLles
8rahma was born from vlshnus navel 8rahmas son was Marlchl Marlchls son kashyapa and
kakshyapas son vlvasvana lrom Lhls llne was descended ururava and ururavas descendanLs
were Lhe klngs of Lhe surya (solar) dynasLy
8rahma also had a son named ALrl and ALrl had a son named Soma Soma performed a ra[asuya
ya[na (royal sacrlflce) Pavlng performed Lhe sacrlflce Soma became Lhe ruler of all Lhe worlds
1hls made hlm very arroganL and he abducLed Lhe sage 8rlhaspaLls wlfe 1ara 1hls led Lo a
Lerrlble war beLween Lhe devas and Lhe asuras 1ara was evenLually resLored Lo 8rlhaspaLl buL
Soma and 1ara had a son named 8udha lrom 8udha were descended Lhe klngs of Lhe chandra
(lunar) dynasLy
1here were Lwelve ma[or wars beLween Lhe devas and Lhe asuras 1he flrsL of Lhese was known as
Lhe naraslmha War 1hls Look place when Plranyakashlpu was Lhe klng of Lhe asuras vlshnu
adopLed Lhe form of narslsmha and kllled Plranyakashlpu Pe Lhen made rahlada Lhe klng of
Lhe demons 1he second war was Lhe vamana war and lL Look place when 8all was Lhe klng of
Lhe demons vlshnu adopLed Lhe form of a dwarf (vamana) Lo sub[ugaLe Lhe demons 1he Lhlrd
war was Lhe varaha war and Lhls Look place when Plranyaksha was Lhe klng of Lhe demons
vlshnu adopLed Lhe form of a wlld boar (varaha) and kllled Plranyaksha 1he fourLh war was Lhe
AmrlLamanLhana war and Lhls Look place over Lhe manLhana (churnlng) of Lhe ocean for amrlLa
(necLar)
1he flfLh war beLween Lhe devas and Lhe asuras Look place over Lhe abducLlon of 1ara and Lhls
came Lo be known as Lhe 1arakamaya war 1he slxLh war was known as Lhe A[lvaka War 1he
sevenLh war Look place when 1rlpura led Lhe asuras and Lhls was known as Lhe 1rlpuraghaLana
war lL was Shlva who kllled Lhe demon 1rlpura ln Lhls war 1he elghLh war Lhe Andhaka war
Look place when Andhaka led Lhe asuras lL was vlshnu who englneered LhaL Andhaka be kllled
when Andhaka expressed a deslre Lo abducL Shlvas wlfe
1he nlnLh war was known as vrlLrasamhara and Look place when vrlLra led Lhe demons 1he
LenLh war was slmply known as !lLa ln Lhls war vlshnu kllled Shalva and Lhe oLher demons and
arashurama kllled Lhe evll kshaLrlyas 1he elevenLh war was known as Palahala An asura
named Palahala (polson) had lnvaded Shlvas body and flooded lL wlLh polson 8uL vlshnu managed Lo
desLroy Lhe demon ln Lhe LwelfLh war known as kolahala vlshnu desLroyed an
asura named kolahala (LumulL)
Medlclne
uhanvanLarl was Lhe physlclan of Lhe gods and he LaughL SushruLa Lhe arL of ayurveda (medlclne)
1he Agnl urana now descrlbes whaL Lhe sage SsushruLa had learnL LhaL ls Lhe LreaLmenL for
varlous dlseases 1hls does noL slmply mean Lhe LreaLmenL of human lllnesses 1here ls a secLlon
known as vrlksha ayurveda whlch descrlbes whaL Lrees are Lo be planLed where lL descrlbes how
a garden ls Lo be consLrucLed and malnLalned
1he chapLers on medlclne also descrlbe Lhe LreaLmenL of elephanLs horses and caLLle 1he manLras
(lncanLaLlons) whlch are Lhe remedy for snake polson are also relaLed
Ll1L8A1u8L Anu C8AMMA8
1hereafLer Lhe Agnl urana has many chapLers on llLeraLure and grammar
lL descrlbes Lhe dlfferenL Lypes of chhanda (meLres) LhaL are used ln poeLry
nexL lL dlscusses Lhe alphabeL 1here are slxLyfour leLLers (varna) ln Lhe alphabeL of whlch
LwenLyone are vowels (svara varna) 1here are Lhree Lones (svara) ln whlch Lhe leLLers of Lhe
alphabeL may be uLLered 1helr names are udaLLa anudaLLa and svarlLa 1here are elghL places
from whlch Lhe leLLers may be pronounced 1hese are Lhe chesL Lhe LhroaL Lhe head Lhe back of
Lhe Longue Lhe LeeLh Lhe nose Lhe llps and Lhe palaLe ronunclaLlons should be clear and
audlble 1hey should noL be nasal and mumbled
1he Agnl urana Lhen dlscusses Lhe alamkaras (rheLorlc) LhaL are used ln poeLry and plays oeLry
ls enLlrely dlfferenL from Lhe shasLras (sacred LexLs) and lLlhasa (hlsLory) 1he sacred LexLs are full
of words and hlsLorlcal LexLs are full of narraLlons of lncldenLs LhaL Look place 8uL LhaL does noL
consLlLuLe poeLry 8eal men are dlfflculL Lo flnd on Lhls earLh AmongsL Lhese real men lL ls
dlfflculL Lo flnd men who are learned AmongsL Lhe learned men lL ls noL easy Lo flnd some who
have a poeLlc sense And amongsL Lhose who have poeLlc sense lL ls dlfflculL Lo flnd a few who
can compose poeLry oeLry ls lmposslble wlLhouL a knowledge of Lhe rules of poeLry and even
more lmporLanL wlLhouL a sense of feellng
SanskrlL ls Lhe language of Lhe gods 1he language of humans ls rakrlLa oeLry can be elLher ln
SanskrlL or ln rakrlLa 1here are Lhree Lypes of poeLry 1hese are gadya (prose) padya (poeLry)
or mlshra (a mlxLure of Lhe Lwo) Cenulne poeLry ls however only padya
Cadya can be of Lhree Lypeschurnaka uLkallka and vrlLLagandhl Churnaka prose ls easy on Lhe
ears lL has very few compouond words uLkallka prose ls hard on Lhe ears lL ls full of compound
words vrlLLagandhl prose ls some where beLween churnaka and uLkallkaAn eplc musL always be spllL
up lnLo secLlons (sarga) lL has Lo be wrlLLen ln SanskrlL alLhough
some mlxLure of SanskrlL words wlLh rakrlLa ones ls permlsslble 1he Lheme of an eplc musL
always be good and hlsLorlcal elemenLs may be lnLroduced lf Lhe auLhor so deslres
LlLeraLure ls useless wlLhouL Lhe flavour of senLlmenLs (rasa) 1here are nlne senLlmenLs LhaL are
used 1he flrsL ls hasya (humour) 1he second ls karuna rasa (paLhos) 1he Lhlrd ls roudra rasa
(LhaL whlch ls wraLhful and awelnsplrlng) 1he fourLh ls vlra rasa (herolc Lhemes) 1he flfLh ls
bhayanaka rasa (horror) 1he slxLh ls blbhaLsa rasa (vulgar and obscene Lhemes) 1he sevenLh ls
adbhuLa rasa (LhaL whlch ls sLrange) 1he elghLh ls shanLa rasa (placldlLy) And Lhe nlnLh ls
Srlngara rasa (amorous Lhemes)
8uL Lhe senLlmenLs musL be used wlLh feellng WlLhouL feellng all llLeraLure becomes medlocre
arLlcularly ln a play senLlmenLs can be supplemenLed wlLh skllls (kalal) 1hese skllls are
normally assoclaLed wlLh women and Lhere are slxLyfour of Lhem 1he more lmporLanL ones are
slnglng playlng muslcal lnsLrumenLs danclng acLlng drawlng maklng garlands sewlng
halrdresslng and uslng maglc
CrammaLlcal rules of sandhl and samasa (rules for formlng compound words) are nexL descrlbed
1he dlfference beLween Lhe Lwo ls LhaL ln sandhl Lhe Lwo words LhaL are belng [olned reLaln Lhelr
orlglnal senses ln Lhe compound word 1he case of samasa ls dlfferenL Sandhl occurs when Lwo
varnas (leLLers) meL Samasa ls a condensaLlon or converslon of Lwo or more words lnLo one
Sandhl does noL creaLe any new word Samasa leads Lo Lhe formaLlon of a Lhlrd word whlch refers
Lo someLhlng relaLed Lo buL dlsLlncL from elLher or any of Lhe words comblned lLa (yellow) and
ambara (cloLh) comblned by way of sandhl are pronounced plLambara and mean cloLh LhaL ls
yellow 1he same Lwo words comblned by way of samasa resulL ln Lhe Lhlrd word plLambara
whlch means Lhe one dressed ln yellow LhaL ls krlshna
1here are several posslble declenslons of words dependlng on Lhe vachana and Lhe vlbhakLl 1he
vachana refers Lo Lhe number Lkavachana ls when Lhere ls only one (phalam a frulL) dvlvachana when
Lhere are Lwo (phale Lwo frulLs) and vahuvachana when Lhere are more Lhan Lwo
(phalanl more Lhan Lwo frulLs) 1here are Lhree genders pumllnga (mascullne) sLrlllnga
(femlnlne) and kllvallnga (neuLer) ueva asura vlshnu are for example mascullne ln gender
uevl kallka or maya are femlnlne ushpa (flower) or phala (frulL) are neuLer
1here are slx karakas (cases) and seven vlbhakLls (caseendlngs) 1he agenL who performs Lhe
acLlon lndlcaLed by Lhe krlya (verb) ls Lhe karLrl or doer 1o Lhe karLrl karaka or nomlnaLlve case
Lhe praLhama vlbhakLl or flrsL caseendlng ls aLLached 1he ob[ecL of Lhe acLlon ls karma and Lo
Lhe karma karaka or ob[ecLlve case Lhe second (dvlLlya) caseendlng ls aLLached 1he means or
lnsLrumenLs by whlch Lhe acLlon ls performed Lakes on Lhe karana karaka or lnsLrumenLal cases
and Lhe Lhlrd (LrlLlya) caseendlng When a glfL ls glven lrrevocably Lhe reclplenL Lakes on Lhe
sampradana karaka or daLlve case and Lhe caseendlng ln quesLlon ls Lhe fourLh (chaLurLhl) 1haL
whlch ls Lhe source of someLhlng Lakes on Lhe apadana karaka or ablaLlve case and Lhe flfLh
(panchaml) caseendlng When Lhere ls a relaLlon of possesslons Lhe possessor Lakes on Lhe
shashLhl vlbhakLl (slxLh caseendlng) 1here ls no counLerparL of Lhe possesslve case of Lngllsh
grammar because Lhe relaLlon of possesslon ls noL dlrecLly relaLed Lo Lhe verb (krlya) and Lherefore Lo
Lhe doer (karaka) ln case of Lhe locaLlon ln whlch Lhe acLlon Lakes place Lhe karaka
ls adhlkarana (locaLlve case) and Lhe caseendlng Lhe sevenLh (sapLaml)
uesLrucLlon
erlodlcally ralayas (desLrucLlons) Lake place A desLrucLlon comes aL Lhe end of four Lhousand
yugas on earLh lor a hundred years Lhere are no ralns and Lhere ls wldespread droughL
1hereafLer vlshnu uses Lhe rays of Lhe sun Lo drlnk and dry up all Lhe waLers LhaL Lhere are on
earLh Seven dlfferenL suns appear ln Lhe sky and Lhey burn up Lhe Lhree worlds of heaven Lhe
earLh and Lhe underworld 1he earLh becomes as flaL as Lhe back of a LurLle 1he breaLh of Lhe
greaL snake (Shesha) also serves Lo burn up Lhe Lhree worlds
AfLer Lhe Lhree worlds have been burnL up dark clouds full of Lhunder and llghLnlng appear ln Lhe
sky lor a hundred years lL conLlnue Lo raln 1he raln puLs ouL Lhe flres LhaL have been raglng
lrom vlshnus breaLh are creaLed Lremendous wlnds and Lhese drlve away Lhe clouds 8uL Lhere ls
waLer everywhere And vlshnu sleeps on Lhese waLers lor an enLlre kalpa he sleeps 1he sages
Lhen pray Lo vlshnu for Lhe Lhree worlds Lo be creaLed yeL agaln
?ama And Pell
When human belngs dle Lhelr physlcal bodles are glven up 8uL Lhey acqulre new bodles LhaL are
known as aLlvahlka bodles ln Lhese bodles Lhey are broughL Lo ?amas abode by ?amas
servanLs Llvlng belngs oLher Lhan human are noL broughL Lo ?ama ?ama Lhen decldes wheLher
Lhe dead person should go Lo heaven or Lo hell AfLer he has served hls Llme ln heaven or ln hell
he ls born agaln ?ama furLher decldes whaL llvlng belng Lhe person should be born as
dependlng on Lhe acLlons ln hls pasL llfe And so Lhe cycle of blrLh deaLh and reblrLh goes on and
on
Slnce he keeps Lally of all good deeds and all slns ?ama ls also known as Lhe god uharma
1hose who have done good deeds are rewaraded by ?ama and Lhose who have commlLLed slns
are punlshed ChlLragupLa ls ?amas accounLanL he keeps Lhe accounL of all punya and papa
1here are LwenLyelghL clrcles of hells wlLh many hells locaLed ln each clrcle A slnner may have
Lo go Lo more Lhan one hell dependlng on Lhe slns LhaL he has commlLLed Some slnners are bolled
ln oll oLhers are plerced wlLh spears and sLlll oLhers are whlpped Some slnners are fed heaLed
lron balls oLhers are fed blood and rubblsh 1here are also machlnes for LorLurlng slnners
1errlble blrds eaL up some slnners CLher slnners have Lhelr heads cuL off
When lL ls Llme Lo be reborn Lhe klller of a brahamana ls born as a deer dog plg or camel A
drunkard ls born as a donkey A sLealer of gold ls born as a worm or an lnsecL A klller of a
brahmana may also suffer from Luberculosls A drunkard wlll have LeeLh llke a dog and a sLealer
of gold wlll malformed nalls A sLealer of food ls born dumb A person who has sLolen Lhe
properLy of brahmanas ls born as a rakshasa and llves alone ln Lhe foresL A sLealer of fragranL
scenLs ls born as a mole Cne who sLeals foodgralns ls born as a raL Cne who sLeals anlmals ls born as a
goaL one who sLeals mllk as cow one who sLeals frulL as monkey and one who sLeals
meaL as a vulLure A sLealer of cloLhes ls born as a crane and a sLealer of salL as a crlckeL
?oga
?oga ls Lhe way Lo clrcumvenL Lhe mlserles of llfe 1rue knowledge ls LhaL whlch lnforms one
abouL Lhe Lrue naLure of 8rahman or aramaLman 1he aLman or [lvaLman ls LhaL whlch
characLerlses an lndlvldual ?oga means unlon lL ls Lhe unlon of Lhe [lvaLman wlLh Lhe
aramaLman ?oga concenLraLes ones mlnd on Lhe aramaLman
1he flrsL prerequlslLes of yoga ls nonvlolence A nonvlolenL person ls always rlghLeous 1he
second requlremenL of yoga ls LruLhfulness 1he Lhlrd prerequlslLe ls cellbacy 1he fourLh ls
conLrolllng ones senses and Lhe lasL ls Lhe worshlp of god Cne who pracLlces yoga should noL go
around collecLlng maLerlal possesslons A plece of cloLh a coverlng agalnsL Lhe cold and a palr
of sandals are possesslons enough for hlm
8efore medlLaLlng on Lhe Lrue naLure of Lhe aramaLman one has Lo seaL oneself ln a proper asana
(posLure) 1he plece of cloLh on whlch one ls Lo slL should be placed ln a clean place Cne slLs on
such a seaL and Lrles Lo purlfy ones aLman by conLrolllng ones mlnd and senses Lhrough yoga
1he head and Lhe neck should be held sLralghL up moLlonless 1he polnL of vlslon should be
dlrecLed Lowards Lhe Llp of ones nose Cne should noL look ln any dlrecLlon 1he arms should
llghLly resL on Lhe folded Lhlghs and Lhe rlghL hand should be placed palm upwards on Lhe lefL
palm admasana (loLus poslLlon) ls one such recommended posLure
1he breaLh of llfe (prana vayu) has Lo be conLrolled 1hls process of conLrol ls known as
ranayama A flnger ls placed on Lhe nose when Lhe breaLh ls belng exhaled 1he enLlre breaLh
should be exhaled from Lhe body Slnce rechana means exhalaLlon Lhls process of conLrol ls
known as rechaka When Lhe breaLh ls lnhaled Lhe lnhalaLlon should be such LhaL lL fllls Lhe enLlre
body Slnce puraka llLerally means LhaL whlch fllls Lhls process of conLrol ls known as puraka
When Lhe breaLh ls nelLher belng exhaled nor lnhaled one slLs compleLely sLlll llke a kumbha
(poL) and Lhls ls known as kumbhaka ranayama makes one healLhy swlfL enLhuslasLlc sLrong
and collecLed Slnce Lhe senses are conLrolled one goes Lo heaven and avolds golng Lo hell
MaLerlal pursulLs are llke Lhe sLrong currenL of a rlver 1he aLman drowns ln lL
ranayama alone ls noL enough lL has Lo be supplemenLed wlLh dhyana of [apa (medlLaLlon and
conLemplaLlon) Cne conLemplaLes Lhe Lrue naLure of Lhe aramaLman 1he body ls llke a charloL
1he senses are lLs horses Lhe mlnd ls Lhe charloLeer and ranayama ls Lhe brldle An lndlvldual
who dles whlle performlng dhyana ls lmmedlaLely asslmllaLed wlLh vlshnu
uhyana lnvolve four dlfferenL Lhlngs all of whlch musL be ln compleLe harmony 1he flrsL ls Lhe
medlLaLor Lhe second ls Lhe acL of medlLaLlng Lhe Lhlrd ls Lhe ob[ecL LhaL one ls medlLaLlng upon
and Lhe fourLh ls Lhe reason why one ls performlng Lhe medlaLlon Cne does noL have Lo slL ln a
rlgld posLure for dhyana Lo be posslble lL can be done whlle one ls walklng slLLlng or even
sleeplng 1he lmporLanL aspecL ls Lo esLabllsh Lhe ob[ecL of ones medlLaLlon ln ones hearL1here are
dlfferenL ways of esLabllshlng ones concenLraLlon As an ob[ecL of medlLaLlon one can
medlLaLe on Lhree concenLrlc clrcles whlch are black red and whlLe ln Lhe cenLer of Lhe clrcles ls
a dlvlne loLus 1he loLus has elghL peLals Cne Lhlnks LhaL deLachmenL ls Lhe sLem of Lhe loLus and
praylng Lo vlshnu lLs sLamen 8lghL ln Lhe cenLer of Lhe loLus ls a pure spark of flre and LhaL ls Lhe
aramaLman AlLernaLlvely one can vlsuallse Lhe aramaLman ln a blaze of llghL ln Lhe cenLer of
Lhe loLus uhyana ls far far superlor Lo any ya[na LhaL one mlghL perform
Cne parLlcular form of deep and lnLense medlLaLlon ls known as samadhl 1he medlLaLor ls Lhen
compleLely sLlll as calm as Lhe ocean Pe loses all Lrack of Lhe ouLslde world Pe does noL hear
smell see or Louch Pls mlnd has no wlshes and feels noLhlng Pe ls compleLely unlLed wlLh god
Such a medlLaLor auLomaLlcally geLs Lo know all Lhe knowledge LhaL can be gleaned from Lhe
vedas or Lhe shasLras Pe can obLaln all Lhe maLerlal possesslons LhaL he wanLs buL he regards
Lhem all as no more lmporLanL Lhan a blade of grass
Such a medlLaLor aLLalns supreme knowledge lf you look aL varlous poLs full of waLer you wlll
flnd LhaL Lhe same sky ls reflecLed ln Lhem all Supreme knowledge Lells one LhaL exacLly
slmllarly lL ls Lhe same aLman LhaL ls everywhere lL ls Lhe aLman whlch ls Lhe same as Lhe
aramaLman lL ls Lhls aLman LhaL ls ln Lhe waLer ln energy ln waLer ln Lhe earLh and ln meLals
1he aLman ls everywhere
1he knowledge Cf 1he 8rahman
8rahma [nana ls Lhe knowledge of 8rahman 1hls knowledge whlch glves Lhe ulLlmaLe bllss ls
noLhlng buL Lhe sense LhaL Lhe lndlvldual aLman ls ldenLlcal wlLh Lhe unlversal 8rahman or
aramaLman 1he physlcal body ls noL Lhe aLman nor are Lhe senses Lhe aLman 1he mlnd or
lnLelllgence ls noL Lhe aLman Llfe lLself ls noL Lhe aLman
1he aLman ls dlfferenL from all Lhe ob[ecLs LhaL have been menLloned above 1he aLman ls ln an
lndlvlduals hearL lL sees everyLhlng and senses everyLhlng buL ls dlfferenL from Lhe physlcal
body lL ls Lhls LhaL sages conLemplaLe when Lhey medlLaLe 1he sky was creaLed from Lhe
8rahman from Lhe sky came wlnd from wlnd flre from flre waLer from waLer Lhe earLh and
from Lhe earLh Lhe flve elemenLs Cne has Lo medlLaLe on Lhe physlcal body gradually
dlsappearlng and merglng lnLo Lhe 8rahman
1he 8rahman ls nelLher Lrue nor unLrue lL has nelLher form nor ls lL wlLhouL form 1he 8rahman
has several parLs buL aL Lhe same Llme lL ls an lnLegral whole 1he 8rahman cannoL be descrlbed
lL cannoL be achleved Lhrough Lhe power of acLlon 1he 8rahman ls always pure lL has no Lles
and lL ls Lhe Lrue form of happlness WhaL ls requlred ls Lhe sense LhaL lL ls l Lhe lndlvldual who
am Lhe 8rahman l am noLhlng buL Lhe aLman and Lhe aLman ls noLhlng buL Lhe 8rahman 1hls
sense ls Lrue knowledge 1he 8rahman ls Lhe Lord who ls Lhe orlgln of everyLhlng and Lhe
lndlvldual ls parL of Lhe 8rahman lL ls Lhls knowledge LhaL frees one from Lhe Lles of Lhe world
and Lhls ls whaL 8rahman [nana ls all abouL
1he 8rahman ls noL Lhe earLh lL ls beyond Lhe earLh 1he 8rahman ls noL Lhe wlnd nor ls lL Lhe
sky 1he 8rahman has no beglnnlng lL ls lndependenL of all acLlon 1he 8rahman ls huge lL ls
everywhere 1he 8rahman noL only has no form lL ls beyond all form 1he 8rahman cannoL be heard lL
cannoL be Louched 1he 8rahman has nelLher lnLelllgence nor mlnd lL has no sense of
ego or vanlLy lL does noL have llfe blrLh old age or deaLh
1he 8rahman ls nelLher happy nor unhappy lL does noL feel hungry or LhlrsLy lL cannoL be
measured AL Lhe same Llme lL ls boLh noLhlng and everyLhlng
Llfe has flve posslble ends 8y performlng ya[nas one can aLLaln heaven 8y performlng Lapasya
one can become an asceLlc 8y performlng acLlons one can aLLaln 8rahmaloka 8y deLachmenL
from maLerlal pursulLs (valragya) one can merge oneself lnLo naLure And by Lrue knowledge Lhe
lndlvldual geLs absorbed lnLo Lhe dlvlne essence 1hls ls known as kalvalya ueLachmenL means
Lo wlLhdraw oneself from Lhe effecLs of all acLlons And knowledge means Lhe knowledge LhaL Lhe
aLman ls no dlfferenL from Lhe 8rahman 1hls ls known as [nana yoga (Lhe yoga of knowledge)
1here are few people who aLLaln Lhls knowledge Cne of Lhose was 8haraLaa 8haraLaa had done
a loL he became very aLLached Lo a deer and when he dled he dled Lhlnklng of Lhe deer 1he resulL
was LhaL ln hls nexL llfe 8haraLaa was born as a deer 8uL Lhe deer happened Lo be a [aLlsmara
LhaL ls lL remembered lLs earller llfe 1he deer evenLually dled and 8haraLaa was agaln born as
[aLlsmara human
1he klng of Soublra was once Lravelllng on a palanquln and he wanLed someone who would bear
hls palanquln free of charge 1he klngs servanLs caughL hold of 8haraLaa Lo bear Lhe palanquln
8uL 8haraLaa moved slowly and could noL keep up wlLh Lhe oLher bearers 1he palanquln dld noL
progress and Lhe klng asked 8haraLaa Why are you so Llred? ?ou have noL been bearlng my
palanquln for long CanL you some Loll? ?ou look falrly sLrong Lo me
8haraLaa replled l am noL sLrong nor am l bearlng your palanquln l am noL Llred nor am l
lazy l am my aLman and feeL are and my body ls balanced on my Lhlghs My shoulders are on my
body and your palanquln resLs on my shoulders 8uL l am noL my feeL Lhlghs body or shoulders
l am Lhe aLman 1he aLman ls noL carrylng you So why do you say LhaL l am beaLlng you?
8haraLaa Lhen lnsLrucLed Lhe klng on Lhe mysLerles of Lrue knowledge 1he aLman was pure everlasLlng
calm wlLhouL LralLs and beyond naLural characLerlsLlcs Slnce Lhe aLman had no LralLs and
slnce an lndlvldual was Lhe aLman and noL Lhe body lL was meanlngless Lo say LhaL an lndlvldual
was sLrong or weak 1he physlcal body was made of Lhe elemenLs and so was Lhe palanquln
WhaL was Lhe polnL Lherefore ln saylng LhaL Lhe physlcal body was bearlng Lhe palanquln?
PeaLlng Lhese words of wlsdom Lhe klng fell aL 8haraLaas feeL lorglve me he sald and leL
go of Lhe palanquln Who are you?
Who am l? asked 8haraLaa 1haL ls noL a quesLlon LhaL can easlly be answered
1he klng answered l fall Lo undersLand Surely Lhe form ln whlch you are now exlsLlng ls who
you are
no sald 8haraLaa l am Lhe aLman and Lhe aLman ls Lhe same as Lhe aramaLman 1he
aramaLman ls everywhere and Lherefore Lhe aLman ls also everywhere l am everywhere l am ln all
physlcal bodles lL ls meanlngless Lo ask who you are and who l am We are all one and Lhe
same Wood has come from Lhe Lrees and Lhls palanquln ls made of wood 8uL ls Lhe palanquln
wood or Lree? When you rlde on Lhe palanquln does anyone say LhaL you are rldlng on a Lree?
Men women cows horses elephanLs blrds and Lrees Lhese are all meanlngless names 1hey are
all llluslons LveryLhlng ls one and Lhe same l am everywhere lf Lhere had been a place or an
ob[ecL where l do noL exlsL l could have everywhere l do noL know how Lo answer your
quesLlon 1ell me klng are you your head or your sLomach? Cr ls all of lL you? 8uL Lhen whaL
wlll you call LhaL whlch ls dlsLlncL from your physlcal body? 1hlnk abouL whaL l have sald
8haraLaas words were so profound LhaL Lhe klng lmmedlaLely accepLed 8haraLaa as a Leacher
And 8haraLaa Lold Lhe klng Lhe sLory of 8lbhu and nldagha
1he sage 8lbhu was 8rahmas son Pe was also exLremely learned nldagha was 8lbus dlsclple
AfLer 8lbhu had LaughL nldagha whaL Lhere was Lo be LaughL nldagha wenL Lo Lhe clLy Lo see how
nldagha was geLLlng on nldagha worshlped hls Leacher and gave hlm all sorLs of Lhlngs Lo eaL
AfLer 8lbhu had eaLen nldagha asked hlm Are you saLlsfled?
WhaL do you mean? asked 8lbhu 1he quesLlon of saLlsfacLlon would have arlsen had l been
hungry or LhlrsLy l am my aLman and Lhe aLman ls always saLlsfled So whaL ls Lhe 8rahman LhaL
ls omnlpresenL and so are you ?ou are noL dlsLlncL from me we are boLh parL of Lhe same whole
l came Lo Leach you Lhls knowledge now LhaL you have learnL LhaL Lhe 8rahman ls everywhere
leL me leave
AfLer anoLher Lhousand years had passed 8lbhu came Lo Lhe clLy agaln and dlscovered LhaL
nldagha no longer llved ln Lhe clLy Pe had begun Lo llve on Lhe ouLsklrLs of Lhe clLy
Why have you glven up llvlng ln Lhe clLy? 8lbhu asked nldagha
8ecause l do noL llke Lo llve ln Lhe clLy where Lhere ls a klng replled nldagha
Who ls Lhe klng? asked 8lbhu olnL hlm ouL Lo me ln Lhls processlon LhaL ls passlng And
polnL ouL Lo me Lhe sub[ecLs
nldagha sald 1he klng ls Lhe one who ls as Lall as a mounLaln peak Pe ls Lhe one who ls rldlng
Lhe elephanL 1he ones who are walklng are Lhe sub[ecLs
WhaL do you mean? asked 8lbhu 1he 8rahman ls ln Lhe klng and Lhe 8rahman ls ln Lhe
elephanL Pow do you dlsLlngulsh one from Lhe oLher how do you say LhaL one ls rldlng Lhe
oLher? ls Lhe klng Lhe physlcal body or Lhe aLman and ls Lhe elephanL Lhe physlcal body or Lhe
aLman? Who ls rldlng on whom? l do noL undersLand
1hls knowledge LhaL Lhe aLman ls Lhe same as Lhe 8rahman ls known as AdvalLa (unlfled)
8rahma[nana 8lbhu LaughL Lhls Lo Lhe klng of Soublra 1hls ls Lhe knowledge LhaL all elemenLs
are one and Lhe same lL ls only Lhose who suffer from llluslons who Lhlnk LhaL dlfferenL elemenLs
and dlfferenL belngs have dlfferenL ldenLlLles1he ClLa
krlshna had LaughL Ar[una Lhe lessons of Lhe ClLa on Lhe plalns of kuruksheLra 1he Agnl urana
now relaLes Lhe essence of Lhe ClLa
lf physlcal body ls allve LhaL ls no reason for re[olclng !usL as lf Lhe physlcal body ls dead LhaL
ls no reason for mournlng 1he aLman does noL dle lL does noL decay lL cannoL be desLroyed and
lL ls lmmorLal 1he aLman does noL warranL any Lears LhaL mlghL be shed over lL eople who are
addlcLed Lo sensual pleasures cannoL reallse Lhls 1he person who ls addlcLed Lo Lhe aLman alone
has no deslre for anyLhlng else Pe had no acLlon Lo perform Pe had nelLher galns nor losses
1he knowledge of Lhls ls llke a rafL LhaL rescues one from Lhe flood of llluslons
1hls knowledge frees one from Lhe shackles of all acLlons (karma) slnce all acLlons are vesLed ln
Lhe 8rahman A person wlLh Lhls knowledge ls as pure as a drop of waLer on a loLus flower Such
a person sees hlmself ln everyLhlng and everyLhlng ln hlmself 1here are four Lypes of people
who worshlp vlshnu 1he flrsL caLegory conslsLs of people who are ln Lrouble 1he second
conslsLs of people who deslre wealLh 1he Lhlrd conslsLs of people who are merely curlous whlle
Lhe lasL conslsLs of people who hanker afLer Lrue knowledge lL ls Lhe lasL caLegory of people who
reallse Lhe unlon and ldenLlLy of Lhe aLman and Lhe 8rahman
1he 8rahman ls Lhere ln Lhe smallesL blade of grass lL ls Lhere ln Lhe mosL powerful and sacred of
people 1he physlcal senses mean noLhlng Lhey merely furLher Lhe 8rahman exLends beyond all
Lhese senses 1he 8rahman has nelLher LralLs nor ls lL wlLhouL LralLs
1he 8rahman creaLes and desLroys lL ls Lhe mosL powerful of all energles Some reallse Lhe
ldenLlLy of Lhe aLman and Lhe 8rahman Lhrough medlLaLlon oLhers Lhrough acLlons
?ama ClLa
1here was a klng named va[ashrava Pls son was nachlkeLa va[ashrava arranged for a
wonderful sacrlflce aL whlch he gave away all hls wealLh
nachlkeLa asked laLher whom have you glven me Lo?
Pls faLher dld noL reply buL nachlkeLa kepL asklng agaln and agaln AL Lhls va[ashrava became
angry and sald l have glven you Lo ?ama
lalLhful Lo hls faLhers word nachlkeLa declded Lo go Lo ?amas abode 1he road was dlfflculL
buL nachlkeLa goL Lhelr and walLed for Lhree days Lo see ?ama no one reLurn Lo Lhe earLh from
?amas abode 8uL ?ama was so pleased Lo have meL nachlkeLa LhaL he granLed hlm Lhe boon
LhaL nachlkeLa could reLurn Lo Lhe earLh nachlkeLa however had no deslre Lo accepL such a boon
lnsLead he wanLed Lo know from ?ama Lhe Lrue naLure of Lhe aLman 1he lnsLrucLlons LhaL ?ama
gave Lo nachlkeLa have come Lo be known as Lhe ?ama ClLa1he Agnl urana now recaplLulaLes Lhe
essence of Lhe ?ama ClLa ?ama sald LhaL lL was lndeed
sLrange LhaL men craved afLer poslLlons possesslons houses and cloLhes 1he sages have all
LaughL LhaL one should noL geL addlcLed Lo Lhese sensual pleasures And yeL man dld noL learn
1he 8rahman ls LhaL whlch possesses noLhlng and everyLhlng lL cannoL be seen and yeL lL ls
everywhere 1he aLman ls llke a warrlor on a charloL Lhe physlcal body belng Lhe charloL Lhe
lnLelllgence Lhe charloLeer and Lhe mlnd Lhe brldle 1he senses are Lhe horses and Lhe warrlors [ob
ls Lo conLrol Lhe horses and LargeL hls arrow aL Lhe knowledge of Lhe 8rahman 1hose who are
Lruly learned know of Lhe ldenLlLy beLween Lhe aLman and Lhe 8rahman Samadhl ls noLhlng buL
Lhe recognlLlon of Lhls unlon When Lhe physlcal body comes Lo an end Lhe aLman ls free and can
merge wlLh Lhe 8rahman
1he Agnl uranas vlrLues
1he lasL chapLer of Lhe Agnl urana descrlbes Lhree vlrLues of Lhe urana
1he Agnl urana ls mosL holy lL glves healLh and ends nlghLmares lL spreads happlness lll
omens vanlsh from house where Lhe Agnl urana ls kepL A man who llsLens Lo Lhe reclLal of Lhe
Agnl urana every day had no need of pllgrlmages alms sacrlflces and fasLs 8eadlng one
chapLer of Lhe LexL ylelds Lhe same punya as may be obLalned from donaLlng a cow Lven lf one
only wlshes Lo hear a reclLal of Lhe Agnl urana Lhe slns commlLLed over Lhe duraLlon of a day
are forglven 8eadlng Lhe whole of Lhe LexL glves one Lhe punya LhaL can be obLalned by donaLlng
hundred cows aL a sacred place of pllgrlmage Lnemles and Lhleves dare noL frequenL a house
where Lhere ls a LexL of Lhe Agnl urana ChosLs glve such a house a mlss A brahman who
llsLens Lo a reclLal of Lhe urana becomes learned ln Lhe vedas A kshaLrlya becomes Lhe ruler of
Lhe world a valshya becomes rlch and a shudra aLLalns good healLh noLhlng ls so sacred as
wrlLlng down Lhe LexL of Lhe urana and donaLlng lL Lo brahmanas
Pome
9 ku8MA u8AnA
lnLroducLlon
(1he samudra manLhana sLory ls glven ln greaL deLall ln Lhe 8amayana and Lhe MahabharaLaa As
for Lakshml some of Lhe uranas sLaLe LhaL she was born as Lhe daughLer of khyaLl and Lhe sage
8hrlgu She was Lhen marrled Lo vlshnu 8uL Lhe demons defeaLed Lhe gods and lndra 1he sage
uurvasa Lherefore cursed Lakshml LhaL she would have Lo llve ln Lhe ocean And when Lhe ocean
was churned Lakshml emerged yeL agaln)
lndra Lhe oLher gods and Lhe sages were charmed aL Lakshmls beauLy when she appeared Who
ls Lhls wonderful goddess? Lhey asked vlshnu1hls ls Lakshml replled vlshnu She ls also known as
ShakLl lL ls wlLh her help LhaL l delude
Lhe unlverse and lLs lnhablLanLs wlLh my llluslons (maya) lL ls Lakshml who glves me all my
powers alLhough she ls no dlfferenL from me ln essence
vlshnu Lhen proceeded Lo Lell Lhe gods and Lhe sages Lhe sLory of lndradyumna
lndradyumna
Many years ago Lhere was a klng named lndradyumna Pe ruled Lhe world well and when he
dled was reborn as a brahmana (1he brahmanas consLlLuLe Lhe flrsL of Lhe four classes Lhelr
prlmary duLles are Lo sLudy Lhe vedas and perform sacrlflces)
As a brahmana lndradyumna observed rellglous rlLes and medlLaLed Pe also sLared Lo pray Lo
Lhe goddess Lakshml When Lakshml appeared lndradyumna begged of her lease Lell me
abouL yourself lease glve me lnslghL lnLo whaL consLlLuLes Lrue knowledge
Lven Lhe gods and Lhe sages are unable Lo comprehend my Lrue naLure replled Lakshml l an
vlshnus llluslons and Lhere ls no dlfference beLween hlm and me As for knowledge lL ls beyond
my powers Lo granL you LhaL ?ou wlll have Lo pray Lo Lhe greaL vlshnu hlmself
Pavlng sald Lhls Lakshml dlsappeared and lndradyumna sLarLed Lo pray Lo vlshnu Several
years passed buL lndradyumna conLlnued Lo medlLaLe llnally vlshnu appeared and lnsLrucLed
lndradyumna on Lhe paLh Lo Lrue knowledge
WhaL dld you Lell lndradyumna? asked Lhe gods and Lhe sages WhaL was Lhls wonderful
knowledge?
l wlll repeaL lL for your beneflL replled vlshnu
Slnce vlshnu repeaLed hls Leachlngs whlle ln Lhe form of a LurLle of kurma Lhese sacred words
are known as Lhe kurma urana 1here are many sub[ecLs LhaL vlshnus lnsLrucLlons covered buL
leL us flrsL sLarL wlLh Lhe concepL of varna ashrama dharma uharma means rlghLeousness and
Lhese precepLs lay down Lhe fundamenLal prlnclples of rlghLeous conducL 1hls ls Lyplfled ln Lhe
sysLem of four varnas (classes) and four ashramas (sLages of llfe)
varnAshrama uharma
vlshnu sald LhaL before creaLlon began Lhere was only waLer ln Lhe unlverse and vlshnu slepL on
Lhese waLers When lL was Llme for creaLlon Lo begln 8rahma emerged from vlshnus body And
Shlva emerged from vlshnus anger Lakshml Loo was creaLed from vlshnus body and Look her
place by vlshnus slde
8rahma Lold vlshnu lease use Lhls goddess Lo delude Lhe belngs whom l wlll creaLe 1ell her
Lo sow Lhe seeds of llluslons ln Lhelr mlnds lease Lell her Lo make Lhe rlghLeous prospervlshnu
complled Pe requesLed Lakshml lease delude and desLroy gods demons and humans
who are abouL Lo be creaLed 8uL please leave Lhe rlghLeous alone and make Lhem prosper l wlll
Lell you how Lo know Lhe rlghLeous 1hey are Lhose LhaL follow Lhe precepLs of varna ashrama
dharma
1he brahmanas consLlLuLe Lhe flrsL of Lhe four classes 8rahma creaLed nlne sons from hls menLal
powers 1helr names were Marlchl 8hrlgu Anglra ulasLya ulaha kraLu uaksha ALrl and
vashlshLha 1hese sons became sages and Lhey were Lhe flrsL brahmanas 1hey were creaLed from
8rahmas mouLh 1here are slx Lypes of acLlon LhaL are recommended for brahmanas 1hese are
ya[ana (performlng sacrlflces) ya[ana (acLlng as prlesLs aL sacrlflces) dana (donaLlon of alms)
praLlgraha (recelvlng glfLs) adhyapana (Leachlng and adhyayana (sLudylng) A brahmana who
performs Lhese Lasks well aLLalns Lhe wonderful place known as pra[apaLya (1hls would seem Lo
be synonymous wlLh 8rahmas resldence of 8rahmaloka)
1he kshaLrlyas consLlLuLe Lhe second of Lhe four classes 1hey were creaLed from 8rahmas arms
1he duLles of kshaLrlyas lnclude dana (donaLlon of alms) adhyayana (sLudylng) and performlng
ya[nas (sacrlflces) 8uL Lhelr prlmary duLles are Lo Lake up arms and flghL lL ls Lhelr [ob Lo punlsh
Lhe evll and proLecL Lhe good A kshaLrlya who performs Lhese Lasks well aLLalns lndras resldence
of lndraloka
1he valshyas consLlLuLe Lhe Lhlrd of Lhe four classes 1hey were creaLed from 8rahmas Lhlghs
Llke Lhe kshaLrlyas Lhe valshyas can also donaLe alms sLudy and perform sacrlflces 8uL Lhelr
prlmary duLy ls agrlculLure (ln many oLher uranas Lrade and anlmal husbandry are menLloned
ln addlLlon Lo agrlculLure) A valshya who performs Lhese Lasks well geLs Lo llve wlLh vayu Lhe
god of Lhe wlnd
1he shudras consLlLuLe Lhe lasL of Lhe four classes 1hey were creaLed from 8rahmas feeL 1helr
prlmary duLy ls Lo serve Lhe oLher Lhree classes ln addlLlon a shudra can adopL arLlsanshlp as an
occupaLlon A shudra who performs Lhese Lasks well wlll llve wlLh Lhe gandharvas (slngers of
heaven)
Cenerally speaklng all four classes have Lo observe Lhe rellglon LhaL ls prescrlbed ln Lhe vedas
1here are varlous oLher shasLras (rellglous LexLs) LhaL clrculaLe on earLh 8uL many of Lhem are
agalnsL Lhe vedas 1he rellglon LhaL ls prescrlbed ln such anLlvedlc LexLs musL noL be followed
Cnly slnners follow such rellglons and Lhey are doomed Lo eLernal damnaLlon
1here are four ashramas (sLages of llfe) 1he flrsL one ls brahmacharya (cellbaLe sLudenLhood)
1he prlmary duLles of a person who ls ln Lhls sLage of llfe are sLudylng Lhe vedas and servlng
ones guru (Leacher) well Pe has Lo llve on alms LhaL are obLalned Lhrough begglng When Lhls
sLage of llfe lf over Lhere are Lwo opLlons LhaL are avallable Lo Lhe lndlvldual ln rare lnsLances he
may deslre Lo devoLe Lhe resL of hls llfe Lo sLudylng and medlLaLlon Such a person ls known as
nalshLhlka More commonly lndlvlduals wlsh Lo sLep lnLo Lhe nexL sLage of llfe An lndlvldual
who does so ls known as an upakurvana
1he second sLage of llfe ls CrlhasLha (householder sLage) A householders prlmary duLles are
servlng guesLs performlng sacrlflces donaLlng alms worshlpplng Lhe gods and keeplng Lhe sacred flre
burnlng ln Lhe house aL all Llmes ln cases where Lhe householder ls absenL from Lhe
house Lhese funcLlons are Lo be performed by hls wlfe or sons or even by hls prlesL a
householder musL noL also forgeL Lo sLudy a llLLle blL of Lhe vedas every day 1he householder
sLage ls superlor Lo Lhe oLher Lhree sLages of llfe 1he reason ls LhaL Lhe alms provlded by a
householder are Lhe means of susLenance for lndlvlduals who are ln Lhe oLher Lhree sLages of llfe
A householder may be one of Lwo Lypes Pe may be a sadhaka ln whlch case hls chlef obsesslon
ls LhaL of saLlsfylng hls frlends and relaLlves AlLernaLlvely Lhere may be a householder who ls
udaslna 1hls means LhaL he ls noL really lnLeresLed ln hls wlfe hls sons or ln Lhe acqulslLlon of
maLerlal wealLh Pls chlef obsesslon ls LhaL of belng freed from Lhe bonds of Lhe world
1he Lhlrd sLage of llfe ls vanaprasLha (foresL dwelllng sLage) Such a person reLlres Lo Lhe foresL
and llves on frulLs and rooLs Pe sLudles Lhe vedas performs Lapasya (medlLaLlon) and observes
rellglous rlLes buL one should never embark on a foresLdwelllng sLage unless ones mlnd ls ready
for lL 1hls also means LhaL one musL have had sons WlLhouL sons Lo carry on Lhe llne lL ls noL
recommended LhaL a householder venLure ouL on Lhe foresLdwelllng sLage 1here are Lwo Lypes of
foresLdwellers 1he flrsL Lype conslsLs of lndlvlduals who prlmarlly devoLe Lhemselves Lo
worshlpplng Lhe gods and performlng rellglous ceremonles Such an lndlvldual ls known as a
Lapasya because he does do some Lapasya 8uL Lhere are lndlvlduals who devoLe Lhemselves
enLlrely Lo medlLaLlon Such a person ls known as a sannyaslka slnce Lhere ls very llLLle of
dlfference beLween hlm and a sannyasl (hermlL)
1he fourLh and flnal sLage of llfe ls sannyasa (hermlLhood) Such lndlvlduals spend all Lhelr Llme
ln medlLaLlng 1hey beg food for a llvlng lL ls noL proper Lo become a hermlL unless ones mlnd
has achleved deLachmenL from Lhe world 1here are Lwo Lypes of hermlLs 1he flrsL Lype conslsLs
of Lhose who are Lrylng Lo reallse Lhe Lrue naLure of Lhe aLman (human soul) Such a person LreaLs
all oLher lndlvlduals as he would LreaL hlmself and ls known as a yogl 8uL Lhere are also hermlLs
who go Lhrough lnLense medlLaLlon so as Lo aLLaln Lhe supreme wlsdom Such a person ls known
as a paramaeshLhlka
1here are varlous oLher LralLs LhaL are demanded by Lhe rlghLeous way of llfe Cne musL forglve
and dlsplay plLy Cne musL noL be [ealous and musL be ready Lo sacrlflce ones own selflsh
lnLeresLs Cne musL be LruLhful pracLlce nonvlolence and learn Lo conLrol Lhe senses Cne musL
also vlslL LlrLhas (places of pllgrlmage) lL ls also lmporLanL Lo reallse LhaL one does noL perform
acLlons for Lhe sake of Lhe frulLs of Lhe acLlons 1he frulLs of all acLlons vesL wlLh Lhe 8rahman
(Lhe dlvlne essence) ln facL lL ls a gross mlsconcepLlon Lo Lhlnk LhaL Lhe speclflc acLlon ls belng
performed by an lndlvldual All acLlons are performed by Lhe 8rahman Lhe ordlnary human
belng ls merely an lnsLrumenL As long as Lhls reallsaLlon ls mlsslng an lndlvldual ls lgnoranL and
ls doomed Lo Lhe shackles of worldly bonds
CreaLlon
vlshnu nexL narraLed Lo Lhe gods and Lhe sages Lhe hlsLory of creaLlon
ln Lhe beglnnlng Lhe 8rahman was everywhere 1he 8rahman had no form buL nor was lL
wlLhouL form lL had no beglnnlng and no end lL had no LralLs buL nor was lL wlLhouL LralLs 1he
8rahman ls lmposslble Lo descrlbe sense or see8rahma vlshnu and Shlva are derlved from Lhe
8rahman 8rahma performs Lhe funcLlon of a
creaLor vlshnu LhaL of a preserver and Shlva LhaL of desLroyer
When lL was Llme for creaLlon Lo begln Lhe 8rahman creaLed waLer LhroughouL Lhe unlverse
8efore LhaL Lhere was noLhlng ln Lhe waLer Lhere appeared a golden (hlranya) egg (anda) 1he
egg grew ln slze and 8rahma Lhe creaLor appeared lnslde Lhe egg LveryLhlng LhaL Lhere ls ln Lhe
unlverse was already Lhere ln ln embryonlc form lnslde Lhe egg 1here were gods Lhe demons
humans Lhe sun Lhe moon Lhe sLars Lhe planeLs and Lhe wlnd 1he word garbha means womb
and slnce 8rahma orlglnaLed from lnslde a golden (hlranya) egg he ls known as Plranyagarbha
8rahma was Lhe flrsL belng Lo be creaLed Pe had four faces Pe had no blrLh ([anana) ln Lhe real
sense of Lhe Lerm Pe ls Lherefore also referred Lo as A[a (wlLhouL blrLh) lL ls also Lrue LhaL he
creaLed (bhuva) hlmself (svayam) lL ls because of Lhls LhaL 8rahma ls known as Svayambhu
8rahma was Lo be Lhe lord (paLl) of all Lhe sub[ecLs who were golng Lo be born (pra[a) 1hus
8rahma acqulred Lhe name of ra[apaLl
1o appreclaLe how creaLlon Look place lL ls flrsL necessary Lo have some concepLlon abouL Lhe
naLure of Llme
A ulgresslon on 1lme
1he smallesL unlL of Llme ls a nlmesha llfLeen nlmeshas make one kashLha LhlrLy kashLhas are
one kala and LhlrLy kalas consLlLuLe one muhurLa 1here are LhlrLy muhurLas ln a span of day and
nlghL (ahoraLra) 1hlrLy such ahoraLras make up a monLh 1here are Lwo pakshas (forLnlghL) ln
every monLh Slx monLhs consLlLuLe an ayana and Lwo ayanas a year 1here are Lhus Lwelve
monLhs ln every year 1he names of Lhe Lwo ayanas are uLLarayana and uakshalnayana Whlle
humans pass Lhrough uLLarayana Lhe gods pass Lhrough only one day Slmllarly when humans
pass Lhrough uakshalnayana Lhe gods pass Lhrough merely one nlghL Cne year for humans ls
equlvalenL Lo a Llme span of one day and one nlghL for Lhe gods
1welve Lhousand years of Lhe gods make up one mahayuga 1hls ls subdlvlded lnLo four yugas
(eras) 1he names of Lhese eras are SaLya ?uga or krlLa ?uga 1reLa ?uga uvapara ?uga and
kall ?uga SaLya ?uga has four Lhousand years 1reLa ?uga Lhree Lhousand uvapara ?uga Lwo
Lhousand and kall ?uga one Lhousand 1hls adds up Lo Len Lhousand years 8uL Lhere are also
perlods LhaL [oln Lwo yugas (sandhyamsha) SaLya ?uga has a sandhyamsha of four hundred
years 1reLa ?uga of Lhree hundred uvapara ?uga of Lwo hundred and kall ?uga of one
hundred 1here wlll Lherefore be seven hundred addlLlonal years beLween SaLya ?uga and 1reLa
?uga flve hundred beLween 1reLa ?uga and uvapara ?uga of Lwo hundred and kall ?uga of
one hundred 1here wlll Lherefore be seven hundred addlLlonal years beLween SaLya ?uga and
1reLa ?uga flve hundred beLween 1reLa ?uga and uvapara ?uga Lhree hundred beLween
uvapara ?uga and kall ?uga and flve hundred beLween kall ?uga and Lhe nexL SaLya ?uga
1hese are Lwo Lhousand addlLlonal years and when added up Lo Lhe earller flgure of Len Lhousand
make up Lwelve Lhousand years
1here are a llLLle over sevenLyone manvanLaras (eras) ln each mahayuga Lach manvanLara ls a
Llme perlod LhaL ls ruled over by a Manu 1he flrsL Manu ln Lhe presenL kalpa (cycle) was
Svayambhuva Manu and Lhere were several oLher Manus afLer hlm Lach kalpa ln facL passes durlng one
of brahmas days and Lhere are fourLeen manvanLaras ln a kalpa SLaLed dlfferenLly
Lhere are one Lhousand mahayugas ln every kalpa
1hree hundred and slxLy kalpas consLlLuLe one of 8rahmas years Cne hundred Llmes Lhls Llme
perlod ls known as a parardha AL Lhe end of Lhls perlod Lhe whole unlverse ls desLroyed and
8rahma vlshnu and Shlva are also desLroyed AL Lhe end of Lhe desLrucLlon creaLlon sLarLs afresh
and Lhls creaLlon ls known as sarga
1here ls a smaller process of desLrucLlon LhaL Lakes place aL Lhe end of every kalpa 8rahma
vlshnu and Shlva are noL desLroyed buL everyLhlng else ls 1he creaLlon LhaL comes aL Lhe end of
Lhls mlnor desLrucLlon ls known as praLlsarga
1he presenL kalpa ls known as varaha kalpa 1he one LhaL preceded lL was known as padma
kalpa
Why ls Lhe presenL kalpa called varaha kalpa? Lhe gods and Lhe sages asked vlshnu
vlshnu Lold Lhem Lhe sLory of hls boar lncarnaLlon
1he 8oar lncarnaLlon
A varaha ls a boar and Lhe boar lncarnaLlon ls usually caLalogued as Lhe Lhlrd of vlshnus Len
lncarnaLlons
When Lhe unlverse was submerged ln waLer afLer Lhe desLrucLlon LhaL came aL Lhe end of padma
kalpa vlshnu slepL on Lhe waLers 1hus he slepL for a Lhousand mahayugas Slnce Lhe word nara
means waLer and ayana means resLlngplace vlshnu ls also referred Lo as narayana
8rahma declded Lo sLarL creaLlon afresh buL dlscovered LhaL Lhe earLh was submerged ln waLer
Pow would hls creaLlons survlve lf Lhere was no earLh? Pe Lherefore requesLed vlshnu Lo brlng
Lhe earLh up from under Lhe waLer
vlshnu adopLed Lhe form of a boar and wenL Lo Lhe underworld Pe dlscovered Lhe earLh Lhere and
ralsed her up on Lhe Lusks of Lhe boar 1he boar carefully ralsed Lhe earLh and lald her Lo resL on
Lop of Lhe waLer 1he earLh began Lo floaL llke a glganLlc boaL
Slnce vlshnu ralsed Lhe earLh ln Lhe form of a boar aL Lhe beglnnlng of Lhe kalpa Lhe presenL
cycle ls known as varaha kalpa
(1he sLory of Lhe boar lncarnaLlon ls raLher summarlly dlsposed of ln Lhe kurma urana 1he
oLher uranas descrlbe lL aL greaL lengLh AparL from Lhe quesLlon of ralslng up Lhe earLh from
under Lhe waLer Lhe sLory revolves around Lhe demon Plranyaksha 1hls demon was Lhe son of
Lhe sage kashyapa and hls wlfe ulLl Pe defeaLed Lhe gods and drove Lhem ouL of heaven ln
desperaLlon Lhe gods sLarLed Lo pray Lo vlshnu Plranyaksha used Lo llve under Lhe waLer and
vlshnu enLered Lhe waLer ln hls form of a boar and kllled Plranyaksha Pe also recovered Lhe
vedas whlch had been sLolen by Plranyaksha)CreaLlon conLlnued
8rahma flrsL creaLed flve sons Lhrough hls menLal powers 1helr names were Sanaka SanaLana
Sanandana kraLu and SanaLakumara 1hese flve sons became sages and dld noL have any
offsprlng 8rahma Lherefore had Lo creaLe some more belngs so LhaL Lhe populaLlon of Lhe
unlverse mlghL lncrease 8uL prlor Lo LhaL he declded Lo perform Lapasya Powever Lhe
medlLaLlon dld noL yleld hlm any resulLs and 8rahma became very angry and dlshearLened Pe
sLarLed Lo weep and a Leardrop fell on Lhe ground lrom Lhls drop Lhere emerged Shlva
8rahma bowed before Shlva and sald lease creaLe some llvlng belngs
1hls Shlva proceeded Lo do 8uL all Lhe belngs LhaL Shlva creaLed were mlrror lmages of hlmself
1haL ls Lhey were all lmmorLal
l beg your pardon reLorLed Shlva 1haL l refuse Lo do Cld age and dlsease are noL ob[ecLs LhaL
should be soughL afLer ln facL Lhey are evll l flaLly refuse Lo creaLe such evll
All rlghL Lhen sald 8rahma l wlll Lake care of creaLlon myself lease sLop creaLlng
1he flrsL ob[ecLs LhaL 8rahma creaLed were waLer flre Lhe sky heaven (svarga) wlnd rlvers
mounLalns oceans Lrees herbs and Llme
8rahma nexL creaLed eleven sons from hls menLal powers 1helr names were Marlchl 8hrlgu
Anglra ulasLya ulaha kraLu uaksha ALrl vashlshLha uharma and Sankalpa
(ln Lhe earller secLlon on varna ashrama dharma only nlne sons were menLloned uharma and
Sankalpa dld noL flgure ln LhaL llsL)
1hereafLer 8rahma creaLed four classes of belngs 1hese were gods demons ancesLors (plLrls)
and humans 1he demons were born from 8rahmas Lhlghs Lhe gods from hls mouLh 1he snakes
(sarpa) Lhe yakshas (demlgods) Lhe ghosLs (bhuLa) and Lhe Candharvas were born nexL Cows
were born from 8rahmss sLomach and horses elephanLs donkeys deer camels and mules from
hls feeL Perbs and Lrees emerged from 8rahmss bodyhalr
(1hls accounL conLradlcLs a more common accounL glven ln some of Lhe oLher uranas such as
Lhe 8hagavaLa urana ln Lhe more usual accounL all belngs are descended from Lhe sage
kashyapa kashyapa marrled LhlrLeen of uakshas daughLers 1hese daughLers were named AdlLl
ulLl uanu kashLha ArlshLha Surasa lla Munl krodhavasha 1amra Surabhl Sarama and
1lml AdlLls offsprlng were Lhe gods (adlLyas) ulLls Lhe demons (dalLyas) uanus offsprlng
were oLher demons (danavas) kashLhas chlldren horses ArlshLhas gandharvas Surasas demons
(8akshasas) llas offsprlng Lrees and herbs Munls Lhe apsaras (dancers of heaven)
krodhavashas ghosLs (plshachas) 1amras blrds Surabhls caLLle Saramas wlld anlmals and
1lmls marlne creaLures 1he kurma urana lLself refers Lo Lhls alLernaLlve accounL subsequenLly)
1o reLurn Lo Lhe presenL accounL of Lhe kurma urana 8rahma LhereafLer dlvlded hls body lnLo
Lwo Cne half was male and was called Svayambhuva Manu 1he remalnlng half was female and was
called ShaLarupa Manu and ShaLarupa marrled and had Lwo sons and Lwo daughLers 1he
sons were named rlyavraLa and uLLanapada and Lhe daughLers were named rasuLl and AkuLl
Slnce all humans are Manus descendanLs Lhey are known as manava
rasuLl marrled uaksha and Lhey had LwenLyfour daughLers (1he uranas are noL aL all
conslsLenL abouL Lhe number of daughLers rasuLl and uaksha had 1he number ls someLlmes
LwenLyfour someLlmes flfLy and someLlmes slxLy) 1hlrLeen of Lhe LwenLyfour daughLers were
marrled Lo 8rahmas son uharma Cf Lhe remalnlng eleven khyaLl was marrled Lo 8hrlgu SaLl Lo
Shlva SambhuLl Lo Marlchl SmrlLl Lo Anglra rlLl Lo ulasLya kshama Lo ulaha SannaLl Lo
kraLu Anasuya Lo ALrl ur[[a Lo vashlshLha Svaha Lo Lhe flregod Agnl and Svadha Lo Lhe
ancesLors (plLrls)
8rahma vlshnu and Shlva
1he gods and Lhe sages Lold vlshnu We are geLLlng a blL confused ?ou have Lold us LhaL
8rahma emerged from vlshnus body And yeL you have also Lold us how 8rahma was born
lnslde a golden egg Whlch of Lhese ls Lhe correcL accounL? 1hen agaln you have Lold us LhaL
Shlva was born from one of 8rahmas Lears 8uL we have someLlmes heard oLherwlse Whlch ls
rlghL? lease remove Lhls confuslon
1here ls no confuslon replled vlshnu LeL me explaln lL for you
8rahma was born from Lhe golden egg rlghL aL Lhe beglnnlng aL Lhe Llme of Lhe orlglnal creaLlon
8uL aL Lhe end of every kalpa Lhere ls a mlnor desLrucLlon when all llvlng belngs oLher Lhan
8rahma vlshnu and Shlva dle When Lhe desLrucLlon ls over creaLlon has Lo sLarL afresh
AL Lhe end of Lhe lasL kalpa Lhere was waLer everywhere ln Lhe unlverse 1he heaven Lhe earLh
and Lhe underworld were all flooded wlLh waLer 1here were no gods and no sages Cnly Lhe
greaL vlshnu slepL on Lhe waLer Pe had a Lhousand hoods a Lhousand eyes a Lhousand arms and
a Lhousand feeL 1hls was hls form of AnanLa Lhe snake (naga)
(1he kurma urana compleLely ldenLlfles vlshnu wlLh AnanLa More commonly Lhe uranas
sLaLe LhaL Lhe snake AnanLa was Lhe son of kadru and Lhe sage kashyapa Pe pleased 8rahma
Lhrough hls prayers and obLalned from 8rahma Lhe boon LhaL he would be permlLLed Lo hold up
Lhe earLh on hls hoods 1he kallka urana speclflcally sLaLes LhaL aL Lhe Llme of desLrucLlon
vlshnu and Lakshml resL on AnanLas cenLral hood 1he vlshnu urana adds Lhe lnformaLlon LhaL
AnanLa was one of 8alaramas avaLaras 1he names Shesha vasukl and Conasa are ofLen used
synonymously wlLh AnanLa)
Whlle vlshnu Lhus slepL on Lhe waLer a wonderful loLus sprouLed from hls navel 1he loLus was
glganLlc and shone llke Lhe sun lLs fragrance spread ln all dlrecLlons 8rahma appeared lnslde Lhe
loLus Slnce padma means loLus and yonl means place of blrLh 8rahma ls also known as
admayonl
8rahma saw vlshnu sleeplng on Lhe waLer and woke hlm up Who are you? asked 8rahmal am
vlshnu replled vlshnu l am Lhe orlgln of everyLhlng 1haL wlll be Lhere ln Lhe unlverse
ls lnslde my body
ls LhaL really so? asked vlshnu LeL me see
vlshnu Lhereupon enLered 8rahmas body Pe really found Lhe Lhree worlds Lhe gods Lhe demons
and Lhe humans lnslde 8rahmas sLomach and was greaLly surprlse Pe emerged from 8rahmas
mouLh and Lold 8rahma WhaL l have seen lnslde your body ls Lruly wonderful 8uL l Loo can
show you many worlds lnslde my body lease enLer and see for yourself
lL was now 8rahmas Lurn Lo enLer vlshnus body 8uL when 8rahma dld Lhls he could flnd no
end Lo vlshnus sLomach lL was Lrue LhaL Lhere were many worlds lnslde vlshnus body
Powever 8rahma could flnd no way of comlng ouL from vlshnus sLomach Pe flnally sLarLed Lo
emerge Lhrough vlshnus navel Lhrough Lhe sLalk of Lhe loLus LhaL was Lhere
Pow dare you Lry Lo conflne me lnslde your body? demanded 8rahma as soon as he managed
Lo geL ouL
lease do noL geL angry replled vlshnu l merely LhoughL LhaL l would play wlLh you for a
whlle CLherwlse lL ls lnconcelvable LhaL anyone should dare Lo conflne Lhe greaL 8rahma lease
pardon me And as a Loken of your pardon please granL me Lhe boon LhaL henceforLh you wlll be
known as my son AfLer all you dld emerge from a loLus LhaL grew ouL of my navel
Agreed sald 8rahma LeL us make peace AfLer all Lhere ls no one else We are Lhe lords of
everyLhlng we are parLs of Lhe 8rahman
lease do noL forgeL Shlva responded vlshnu ?our words wlll anger hlm and brlng abouL
your undolng
Whlle Lhe Lwo were Lhus converslng Shlva appeared on Lhe scene Pe had a Lhlrd eye ln Lhe
mlddle of hls forehead and hls halr was maLLed A LrldenL could be seen ln hls hand
Who ls Lhls fellow? asked 8rahma Pe looks llke an upsLarL
vlshnu calmed 8rahma down Pe also gave 8rahma dlvlne eyes so LhaL 8rahma could
comprehend Lhe Lrue naLure of Shlva 8rahma Lhen sLarLed Lo pray Lo Shlva leased wlLh
8rahmas prayers Shlva agreed Lo granL 8rahma a boon
lease granL me Lhe boon LhaL you wlll be born as my son sald 8rahma
Shlva agreed Lo do so and wenL away
8udra
8rahma reLurned Lo hls seaL on Lhe loLus flowerSuddenly Lwo demons named Madhu and kalLabha
appeared 1hey were exceedlngly sLrong and
LhreaLened Lo desLroy everyLhlng LhaL 8rahma would creaLe 8rahma Lherefore requesLed vlshnu
Lo klll Lhese Lwo demons vlshnu creaLed Lwo belngs from hls own body and Lhese Lwo belngs
kllled Lhe demons
(1he Madhu and kalLabha sLory ls glven ln greaLer deLall ln oLher uranas such as Lhe kallka
urana Whlle vlshnu was sleeplng Lhe Lwo demons were born from hls ears Cne of Lhem
deslred Lo have some honey as soon as he was born Slnce Lhe word for honey ls madhu he came
Lo be known as Madhu 1he oLher one looked llke an lnsecL Slnce Lhe word for lnsecL ls klLa he
came Lo be known as kalLabha 1hese broLhers aLLacked 8rahma and vlshnu had Lo flghL wlLh
Lhem so as Lo rescue 8rahma 1he flghL wenL on for flve Lhousand years before vlshnu could klll
Lhem AfLer Lhe demons were kllled Lhe faL (meda) from Lhelr bodles formed Lhe earLh 1haL ls Lhe
reason why Lhe earLh ls known as medlnl
AfLer Madhu and kalLabha had been kllled 8rahma could sLarL Lo creaLe Pe flrsL creaLed
Lhrough hls menLal powers Lhe sons whose names have earller been menLloned Slnce Shlva had
promlsed LhaL he would be born as 8rahmas son 8rahma declded Lo perform Lapasya so as Lo
accompllsh Lhls Pe prayed for many years buL noLhlng happened ln uLLer frusLraLlon 8rahma
began Lo cry 1he ghosLs (bhuLa and preLa) were born from Lhese Lears 8rahma was so dlsgusLed
aL havlng creaLed Lhese awful creaLures LhaL he commlLLed sulclde lL was Lhen LhaL Shlva was
born from 8rahmas mouLh and 8rahma revlved
(?ou wlll have noLlced Lhe conLradlcLlon Larller lL had been sLaLed LhaL Shlva was born from a
Leardrop and Lhere had been no menLlon of 8rahmas sulclde 1he sulclde ls noL menLloned ln
oLher uranas elLher nor ls Lhere any menLlon of Shlva or 8udra belng born from a Leardrop ln
Lhe vlshnu urana he suddenly appeared ln 8rahmas lap ln Lhe adma urana he was born
from 8rahmas furrowed brows)
1he baby sLarLed Lo cry as soon as he was born
uonL cry sald 8rahma Slnce you crled when you were born you wlll be known as 8udra
(1he kurma urana ls noL speclflc on why Lhe baby crled 1he oLher uranas sLaLe LhaL Lhe baby
crled for Lhe wanL of a name 8rahma Lherefore gave Lhe boy Lhe name of 8udra as Lhe word rub
means Lo cry 1he boy conLlnued Lo cry and 8rahma gave hlm several oLher names as well 1he
uranas however dlsagree abouL whaL Lhese varlous names were)
ln addlLlon Lo 8udra 8rahma gave Lhe boy Lhe names 8huva Sarva lshana ashupaLl 8hlma
ugra and Mahadeva ln Lhese elghL dlfferenL forms Shlva was Lo llve ln Lhe sun Lhe waLer Lhe
sky Lhe flre Lhe wlnd Lhe Lrees Lhe bodles of brahmanas and Lhe moon
arvaLls 1housand names
Shlva was marrled Lo uakshas daughLer SaLl SaLl dled and was reborn as arvaLl Lhe daughLer of
Plmalaya and hls wlfe Mena (alLernaLlvely Menaka) arvaLl was marrled Lo Shlvaln facL Plmalaya and
Mena prayed so LhaL Lhey mlghL have Lhe goddess as Lhelr daughLer
leased wlLh Lhelr prayers Lhe goddess arrlved before Plmalaya and Mena and showed Lhem her
dlvlne form She also promlsed Lhem LhaL she would be born as Lhelr daughLer
1here were a Lhousand names of Lhe goddess LhaL Plmalaya reclLed ln Lhe course of hls prayers
(one Lhousand and elghL Lo be preclse) 1hese names are as follows lor convenlence we have
reproduced Lhem ln groups of Len names each
(1) Shlva uma aramashakLl AnanLa nlshkala Amala ShanLa Maheshvarl nlLya ShashvaLl
(2) aramakshara AchlnLya kevala ShlvaLma aramaLma Anadl Avyaya Shuddha uevaLma
Sarvaga
(3) Achala Lka AnekavlbhagasLha MayaLlLa Sunlrmala Mahamaheshvarl SaLya Mahadeval
nlran[ana kashLha
(4) SarvanLarasLha ChlLshakLl ALllalasa nanda SarvvaLmlka vldya !yoLlrupa AmrlLa Akshara
ShanLl
(3) SarvvapraLlshLha nlvrlLLl AmrlLaprada vyomamurLl vyomalaya vyomadhara AchyuLa
Amara Andlnldhana Amogha
(6) karanaLma kalakula SvaLahpraLhama[a AmrlLanabhl ALmasamshraya raneshvaraprlya
MaLa MahamahlshaghaLlnl ranarupa radhanaurushaeshvarl
(7) SarvvashakLl kalakara !yoLsna SarvvakaryanlyanLrl SarvvabhuLeshvarl Samsarayonl
Sakala SarvvashakLlsamudbhava SamsarapoLa uurvara
(8) uurnlrlkshya uurasada ranashakLl ranavldya ?oglnl aramakala MahavlbhuLl
uurddharsha MulaprakrlLldsambhava
(9) AnadyananLavlLava aramaghapakarshlnl SvargasLhlLyan 1arakaranl Sudurvvachya
uuraLyaya Shabdayonl Shabdamayl nadakhya nadvlgraha Anadl
(10) AvyakLaguna Mahanada SanaLanl Akashayonl ?ogasLha Mahayogeshvareshvarl
Mahamaya Sudushpara MulaprakrlLl lshvarl
(11) radhana urushaLlLa radhana urushaLmlka urana Chlnmayl Adl urusharuplnl
8huLanLavasLha kuLasLha Maha urushasam[nlLa !anmamrlLyu[araLlLa SarvvashakLlsamanvlLa
(12) vyaplnl Anavachhlnna radhananu raveshlnln ksheLra[nashakLl AvyakLalakshana
Malavar[[lLa Anadlmayasamblnna rakrlLlgraha MahamayasamuLpanna 1amasl
(13) ourushl uheuva vyakLaLmlka krlshna AvyakLaLmlka 8rakLa Shukla rasuLlka Akarya
karya[ananl(14) nlLyaprasavadharmlnl SargaralayanlrmukLa SrlshLlsLhlLyanLadharmlnl
8rahmagarbha
ChaLurvlmsha admanabha AchyuLaLmlka valdyuLl ShashvaLl ?ounl
(13) !aganmaLa lshvaraprlya Sarvvadhara Maharupa SarvvalsharyasamannlLa vlshvarupa
Mahagarbha vlshveshechhanuvarLlnl Mahlyasl 8rahmayonl
(16) Mahalakshmlsamudbhava Maha vlmanaMadhyasLha Mahanldra ALmaheLuka SarvvaSadharanl
Sukshma Avldya aramarLhlkl AnanLarupa AnanLasLha
(17) urushamohlnl uevl AnekakarasamsLhana kalaLrayavlvar[lLa 8rahma[anma ParlmurLl
8rahmakhya 8rahmavlshnuShlvaLmlka 8rahmeshavlshnu[ananl 8rahmasamshraya
(18) vyakLa raLhama[a 8rahml MahaLl 8rahmaruplnl valragyalshvaryadharmaLma
8rahmamurLl PrldlsLhlLa Apamyonl SvayambhuLl
(19) Manasl 1aLLvasambhava lshvaranl Sarvvanl Shankararddhasharlrlnl 8havanl 8udranl
Mahalakshml Amblka MaheshvaraSamuLpanna
(20) 8hukLlmukLlfalaprada Sarvveshvarl Sarvvavandya nlLamudlLamanasa 8rahmendroendranmlLa
ShankarechhanuvarLlnl lshvararddhasanagaLa MaheshvarapaLlvraLa
SakrldvlbhaLa SarvvarLlsamudraparlshoshlnl
(21) arvaLl PlmavaLpuLrl aramanadadylnl Cunadhya ?oga[a ?ogya !nanamurLl vlkashlnl
SavlLrl kamala
(22) Lakshml Srl AnanLavakshahsLhalasLhlLa Saro[anllaya Canga ?oganldra Asurardlnl
SarasvaLl Sarvvavldya !aga[[veyashLha
(23) Sumangala vagdevl varada Avachya klrLl SarvvarLhasadhlka ?oglshvarl 8rahmavldya
Mahavldya Sushobhana
(24) Cuhyavldya ALmavldya uharmavldyaALmabhavlLa Svaha vlshvambhara Slddhl
Svadha Medha uhrlLl
(23) ShruLl nlLl SunlLl SukrlLl Madhavl naravahlnl u[ya vlbhavaLl Soumya 8hoglnl
(26) 8hogashaylnl Shobha vamshakarl Lola Manlnl aramaeshLhlnl 1rallokyasundarl
8amaya Sundarl kamacharlnl
(27) Mahanubhava SaLLvasLha MahamahlshaMardlnl admamala apahara
vlchlLramaukuLangada kanLa ChlLramabaradhara ulvyabharana8hushlLa
(28) Pamsakhya vyomanllaya !agasrlshLlvlvarddhlnl nlyanLrl ?anLramadhyasLha nandlnl
8hadrakallka AdlLyavarna koumarl(29) Mayuravaravahana vrlshasanagaLa Courl Mahakall
SurarchlLa AdlLl nlyaLa 8oudrl
admagarbhavlvahana
(30) vlrupakshl Lellhana Mahasuravlnashlnl Mahafala Anavadyangl kamarupa vlbhavarl
koushlkl vlchlLraraLnamukuLa ranaLarLlrabhan[anl
(31) karshanl 8aLrl 1rldasharLlvlnashlnl vahurupa vlrupa Surupa 8upavar[lLa
8hakLarLlshamanl 8havya 8havaLapavlnashlnl
(32) nlrguna nlLyavlbhava nlhsara nlrapaLrapa 1apasvlnl SamaglLl 8havankanllayalaya
ulksha vldyadharl ulpLa
(33) ManendrarlnlpaLlnl SarvvaLlshaylnl vldya Sarvvaslddhlpradylnl Sarvveshvaraprlya
1arkshl SamudranLaravaslnl Akalanka nlradhara
(34) nlLyashlddha nlramaya kamadhenu vrlhadgarbha uhlmaLl Mohanashlnl nlhsankalpa
nlraLanka vlnaya
(33) vlnayaprlya !valamalasahasradhya uevadevl Manomayl MahabhagavaLl 8haga
vasudevasamudbhava Mahendrapendrabhaglnl
(36) 8hakLlgamya aravara !nana[neya !araLlLa vedanLavlshaya CaLl uakshalna uahana
uanLa SarvvabhuLanamaskrlLa
(37) ?oganmaya vlbhaga[na Mahamoha Carlyasl Sandhya 8rahmavldyashraya
vl[ankurasamudhbuLl MahashakLl MahamaLl kshanLl
(38) ra[na ChlLl SamvlL MahabhoglndraShaylnl vlkrlLl Shankarl ShanLl
CanagandharvasevlLa valshvanarl Mahashala
(39) uevasena Cuhaprlya MaharaLrl Shlvananda Shachl uuhsvapnanashlnl l[ya u[ya
!agaddhaLrl uurvlneya
(40) Surplnl Cuhalvlka CunoLpaLLl MahaplLha MaruLsuLa PavyavahanLaragadl
PavyavahasaMudhbhava !agadyonl !aganmaLa !anmamrlLyu[araLlga
(41) vuddhl MahavuddhlmaLl urushanLaravaslnl 1arasvlnl SamadhlsLha 1rlneLra
ulvlsamsLhlLa SarvvendrlyamanomaLa SarvvabhuLahrldlsLhlLa SamsaraLarlnl
(42) SaLLvashuddhlkarl Shuddhl MalaLrayavlnashlnl !agaLprlya !aganmurLl 1rlmurLl
AmrlLashraya nlrashraya nlrahara nlrankushapododbhava
(43) Surupa 8havlnl Parlnl rabha unmllanl Sarvasaha SarvvapraLyayasakshlnl Susoumya
Chandravadana 1andavasakLamanasa(44) SaLlvashuddhlkarl Shuddhl MalaLrayavlnashlnl !agaLprlya
!aganmurLl 1rlmurLl
AmrlLashya nlrashraya nlrahara nlrankushapadodbhava
(43) ChakrahasLa vlochlLrangl Sragvlnl admadharlnl aravaravldhana[na
Mahapuushapurva[a vlshveshvaraprlya vldyuL vldyu[[lhva !lLashrama
(46) vldyamayl Sahasrakshl SahasravadanaLma[a Sahasrarashml SaLLvasLha
Maheshvarapadashraya kshallnl Mrlnmayl vyapLa admavodhlka
(47) 1al[asl Mahamayashraya Manya Mahadevamanaorama vyomalakshml SlmharaLha
CheklLana AmlLaprabha vlreshvarl vlmanasLha
(48) vlshoka Shokanashlnl AnahaLa kundallnl nallnl admabhaslnl Sadananda SadakrlLl
vagdevaLa SarvvabhuLashrayasLhlLa
(49) 8rahmakala vlshnushlvagra[a aragaLl kshobhlka 8andhlka 8hedya
8hedabhedavlvar[lLa kalallLa kalaranl
(30) 8rahmaSrl 8rahmahrldaya vyomashakLl krlyashakLl !amashakLl Abhlnna
8hlnnasamsLhana vashlnl vamshakarlnl CuhyashakLl
(31) CunaLlLa Sarvada SarvaLomukhl 8haglnl 8hagavaLpaLnl Sakala kalakarlnl SarvvavlL
SarvvaLobhadra
(32) CuhyaLlLa Cuharanl rakrlya ?ogamaLa Canga vlshveshareshvarl kaplla Akaplla
kanLa kamalabha
(33) kalanLara unya ushkarlnl 8hokLrl uranadarapurahsara oshanl
aramalshvaryabhuLlda 8huLlbhushana anchabrahmasamuLpaLLl
(34) aramarLhavlgraha uharmodaya 8hanumaLl ?ogl[neya Mano[ava Manorama
Manoraska 1apasl vadaruplnl vedashakLl
(33) vedamaLa vedavldyaprakashlnl ?ogeshvareshvarl MaLa MahashakLl Manomayl
vlyanmurLl vldyunmala vlhayasl
(36) klnnarl Surabhl vldya nandlnl nandlvallabha 8haraLal aramananda
araparavlbhedlka SarvvapraharanopeLa kamya
(37) kameshvareshvarl AchlnLya AnanLavlbhava 8hulekha kanakaprabha kushmandl
uhanaraLnadhya Sugandha Candhadaylnl 1rlvlkramapadodbhuLa
(38) uhanushpanl Shlvodaya Sudurlabla uhanadhyaksha uhanya lngalalochana ShanLl
rabhavaLl ulpLl anka[ayaLalochana(39) Adya PrlLamalodbhuLa ComaLa 8anaprlya SaLkrlya Clrlsha
Shuddhl nlLyapushLa
nlranLara uurga
(60) kaLyayanl Chandl CharlchlLanga Suvlgraha Plranyavarna !agaLl !agadyanLrapravarLlka
Sarada Mandaradrlnlvasa Svarnamallnl
(61) 8aLnamala 8aLnagarbha ushLl vlshvapramaLhlnl admanana admanlbha nlLyaLushLa
AmrlLodbhava uhunvaLl uushprakampa
(62) SuryamaLa urlshadvaLl Mahendrabhaglnl Soumya varenya varadaylka kalyanl
kamalavasa anchachuda varaprada
(63) vachya Amareshvarl vandhya uur[[aya uuraLlkrama kalaraLrl Mahabega
vlrabhadraprlya PlLa 8hadrakall
(64) !aganmaLa 8hakLamangaladaylnl karala lngalakara kamabheda Mahasvana
?ashasvlnl ?ashoda ShadadhvaparlvarLlka Shankhlnl
(63) admlnl Sankhya SamkhyayogapravarLlka ChalLra SamvaLsararuda !agaLsampuranal
lndra[a Shumbharl khecharl khasLha
(66) kamburgrlva kallprlya khagadhva[a khagaruda varahal ugamallnl
Alshvaryapadmanllaya vlrakLa Carudasana !ayanLl
(67) Prldguhagamya ShankareshLaganagranl SamyasLha Sankalpaslddha Sarvvavl[nandaylnl
kallkalkavlhanLrul CuhyanpanlshaduLLama nlshLha urlshLl
(68) SmrlLl vyapl ushLl 1ushLl krlyavaLl vlshvamareshvasreshana 8hukLl MukLl Shlva
AmrlLa
(69) LohlLasarpamala 8hlsanl naramallnl AnanLashayana AnanLa naranarayanodbhava
nrlslmhl ualLyamaLhlnl Shankachakragadadhara Amblka
(70) SankarshanasamuLpaLLl adasamshrava Maha[vala MahabhuLl SumurLl
Sarvvakamadhuka Suprabha SusLanl Sourl uharmakamarLhamokshada
(71) 8hrumadhyanllaya urva uranaurusharanl MahavlbhuLlda Madhya Saro[anayana
Sama Anadya nlloLpaladalaprabha AsLhadashabhu[a
(72) SarvvashakLyasanaruda uharmadharmavlvar[lLa valragya[nananlraLa nlraloka nlrlndrlya
vlchlLragahanadhara ShvashvaLasLhanavaslnl SLhaneshvarl nlrananda 1rlshulavaradharlnl
(73) AsheshadevaLamurLl uevaLavaradevaLa Canamblka ClrlpuLrl nlshumbhavlnlpaLlnl
Avarna varnarahlLa 1rlvarna !lvasambhava AnanLavarna(74) AnanyasLha Shankarl ShanLamanasa
AgoLra ComaLl CopLrl Cuhyarupa CunoLLara Co
Clh
(73) Covyaprlya Counl CaneshvaranamaskrlLa SaLyabhama SaLyasandha 1rlsandhya
Sandhlvar[lLa Sarvvavadashraya Samkhya Samkhyayogasamudbhava
(76) Asamkhyeya Apramaeyakhya Shunya Suddakulodbhava vlndunadasamuLpaLLl
Shambhuvasa Shashlprabha lshanga 8hedarahlLa Mano[na
(77) Madhusudanl MahaSrl SrlsamuLapaLLl 1amohparepraLlshLhlLa 1rlLaLLvamaLa 1rlvldha
Susukshmapadasamshraya ShanLyaLlLa MalaLlLa nlrvlkara
(78) nlrashraya Shlvakhya ChlLLanllaya kashyapal Shlva[nanasvaruplnl
ualLyadanavanlrmukhl kalakarnlka ShasLrayonl krlyamurLl ChaLruvargapradarshlka
(79) narayanl narodbhuLl koumudl Llngadharlnl karmukl kallLa 8hava aravaravlbhuLlda
vadava ararddha[aLamahlma
(80) vamalochana Subhadra uevakl SlLa Manasvlnl vedavedangaparaga ManyumaLa
Mahamanyusamundbhava Amanyu AmrlLasvada
(81) uruhuLa urushaLuLa Ashouchya 8hlnnavlshaya Plranyara[aLaprlya Plranyara[anl
Palml PemabharanabhushlLa vlbhra[amana uur[neya
(82) !yoLlshLomafalaprada MahnldrasamudbhyuLl Anldra SaLyadevaLa ulrgha kakudmlnl
Prldya ShanLlda ShanLlvarddhlnl LakshyadlshakLl[ananl
(83) ShakLlchakrapravarLlka 1rlshakLl[ananl !anya Shadurmlparlvar[lLa Sudhama
karmakaranl ?uganLadahanaLmlka Sankarshlnl !agaddhaLrl kamayonl
(84) klrlLlnl Alndrl 1rallokyanamlLa valshnavl aramaeshvarl radyumnadaylLa uaLrl
?ugamadrlshLl 1rllochana MadoLkaLa
(83) PamsagaLl rachanda Chandavlkrama vrlshavesha vlshyanmaLra vlndhyaparvaLavaslnl
Plmavanmerunllaya kallasaglrlvaslnl ChanurahanLrlLanaya nlLl[na
(86) kamaruplnl vedavedya vraLasnaLa 8rahmashallanlvaslnl vlrabhadrapra[a vlra Slddha
Mahakamasamudbhava vldyanadharanlrakrlLl
(87) Apyayanl ParanLl avanl oshanl kala MaLrlka ManmaLhodbhuLa varl[a vahanaprlya
Sudha
(88) karlshlnl vanl vlnavadanaLaLpara SevlLa Sevlka Sevya CarudaLmaLl ArundhaLl
Plranyakshl(89) Mrlgakshl Manadaylnl vasuprada vasumaLl vasudhara vasundhara uharadhara
vararoha Characharasahsrada Srlfala
(90) SrlmaLl Srlsha Srlnlvasa Shlvaprlya Srldharl Srlkarl kalya Srldhararddhasharlrlnl
AnanLadrlshLl Akshudra
(91) uhaLrlsha uhanadaprlya ualLyasamuhanlyanLrl Slmhlka Slmhavahana Suvarchala
Sushronl SuklrLl Chhlnnasamshaya 8asa[na
(92) 8asada 8ama Lellhana AmrlLasrava nlLyodlLa Svayam[yoLlh uLsuka MrlLa[lvanl
va[raLunda va[ra[lhva
(93) Mangalya Mangala Mala nlrmala Malaharlnl Candharvl Carudal Chandrl
kambalashvaLaraprlya Soudamlnl
(94) !anananda 8hrlkuLlkuLllanana karnlkarakara kakshya kamsapranapaharlnl ?ugandhara
?ugavarLa 1rlsandhya Parshavardhlnl raLyakshadevaLa
(93) ulvya ulvyagandhaLhlvasana ShakrasanagaLa Shakrl Sadhya Charusharasana lshLa
vlshlshLa ShlshLeshLa ShlshLashlshLaprapu[lLa
(96) ShaLarupa ShaLavarLa vlnaLa Surabhl Sura SurendramaLa Sudyumna Sushumna
SuryasamsLhlLa Samlksha
(97) SaLpraLlshLha nlvrlLLl !nanaparaga uharmashasLrarLhakushala uharma[na uharmavahana
uharmadharmavlnlrmaLrl uharmlkamangalaprada uharmamayl uharmashakLl
(98) vldharma vlshvadharmlnl uharmanLara uharmamayl uharmapurva uhanavaha
uharmopadeshLrl uharmaksha uharmagamya uharadhara
(100) Mahadevalkasakshlnl Sadashlva vlshaynmurLl vedamurLl AmurLlka aramaeshvarl
Shobha vlshala rasannavadana PrlshLaLma
1hls compleLes Lhe llsL of Lhe one Lhousand names glven Lo Lhe goddess AlLhough Plmalaya had
used on Lhousand and elghL names ln Lhe course of hls prayers Len of Lhese names are mlsslng ln
Lhe llsL ?ou wlll also have noLlced LhaL a few of Lhe names occur more Lhan once
1he Llne of uLLanapada
lL ls hoped LhaL you have noL forgoLLen LhaL Svayambhuva Manu and hls wlfe ShaLarupa had a son
named uLLanapada uLLanapadas broLher was rlyavarLa uhruva was uLLanapadas son uhruva
was so devoLed Lo vlshnu LhaL vlshnu earmarked for hlm a place ln Lhe heaven known as
uhruvaloka (uhruva became Lhe ole SLar 1he compleLe sLory of uhruva and hls Lapasya ln
glven ln Lhe vlshnu urana) Also ln uLLanapadas llne was born Chakshusha Pe became a manu
(Chakshusha was Lhe slxLh
Manu of Lhe presenL kalpa) ln Chakshusha Manus llne was born vena and venas son was
rlLhu rlLhu mllked Lhe earLh and obLalned foodgralns on whlch people can survlve 1haL ls Lhe
reason why Lhe earLh ls known as rlLhlvl (rlLhus sLory ls glven ln several uranas ln addlLlon
Lo Lhe MahabharaLaa and Lhe Parlvamsha)
rlLhus son was Shlkhandl and Shlkhandls son was Sushlla Sushlla was a very rellglous person
Pe falLhfully sLudled Lhe vedas and vlslLed several places of pllgrlmage Pls Lravels evenLually
broughL hlm Lo Lhe Plmalayas Lhrough whlch Lhe sacred rlver Mandaklnl flowed near Lhe banks
of Lhe rlver was a beauLlful hermlLage lL was Lhere LhaL Sushlla began Lo pray Lo Shlva Whlle
Sushlla was Lhus praylng a sage named ShveLashvaLara arrlved 1he sages body was lean wlLh
Lapasya and he was smeared wlLh ashes
Sushlla flnlshed praylng Lo Shlva and worshlpped Lhe sage l am lndeed forLunaLe LhaL l have
meL you he Lold ShveLashvaLara lease make me your dlsclple and Leach me all LhaL Lhere ls Lo
know
1he sage agreed Pe LaughL Sushlla and several oLher dlsclples Lhe knowledge of Lhe shasLras
(sacred LexLs)
Shlkhandl had a broLher named Pavlrddhana Pavlrddhanas son was rachlnavarhl Pe marrled
Savarna Lhe daughLer of Lhe ocean and had Len sons 1hese sons were known as Lhe racheLas
1he racheLas were devoLed Lo vlshnu and prayed Lo vlshnu for several years (1he vlshnu
urana sLaLes LhaL Lhey medlLaLed for Len Lhousand years under Lhe ocean) All Len racheLas
marrled Marlsha and uaksha was born as a resulL of Lhls marrlage (Marlshas sLory ls glven ln
Lhe vlshnu urana) lL was Lhls uaksha who had earller been born as 8rahmas son 8ecause he
quarrelled wlLh Shlva Shlva cursed uaksha LhaL he would be born as Lhe son of Lhe racheLas
1ell us Lhe sLory of uaksha Lhe sages requesLed Lomaharshana
(1he racheLas are noL Lo be confused wlLh a sage named racheLa 1he sage racheLa was
8rahmas son as per Lhe 8rahmavalvarLa urana)
uakshas SLory
uaksha was 8rahmas son and had a daughLer named SaLl SaLl was marrled Lo Shlva uaksha
was Lhus Shlvas faLherlnlaw
Cnce uaksha came Lo vlslL hls sonlnlaw 8uL alLhough Shlva worshlpped hlm wlLh all due
respecL uaksha felL LhaL he had been sllghLed SubsequenLly when SaLl wenL Lo vlslL her faLher
uaksha severely reprlmanded her
?our husband ls worse Lhan useless he Lold hls daughLer My oLher sonslnlaw are far
superlor Lo hlm ?ou are noL welcome ln my house 8eLurn Lo your worLhless husbandSaLl could noL
bear Lo hear Lhls abuse of her husband and lmmolaLed herself She was laLer born
as arvaLl Lhe daughLer of Plmavana (Lhe Plmalayas) and marrled Shlva agaln
Shlva was furlous Lo learn LhaL SaLl had dled Pe vlslLed uaksha and cursed hlm LhaL he would be
born on earLh as Lhe son of a kshaLrlya lL was Lhus LhaL uaksha had been born as Lhe son of Lhe
racheLas
(uakhsas sLory ls full of lnconslsLencles ln Lhe uranas 1here ls an accounL of a ya[na LhaL
uaksha performed Shlva elLher desLroyed Lhls ya[na hlmself or had lL desLroyed by vlrabhadra
8uL whlch uaksha performed Lhls ya[na Lhe one who was Lhe son of 8rahma or Lhe one who was
Lhe son of racheLas? 1he kurma urana suggesLs LhaL lL was Lhe son of Lhe racheLas who
performed Lhls ceremony 1he more cusLomary accounL such as LhaL ln Lhe 8hagavaLa urana ls
LhaL lL was 8rahmas son who performed Lhe sacrlflce uaksha was angered aL Shlva because on
one parLlcular occaslon Shlva dld noL sLand up Lo show hlm respecL alLhough uaksha happened
Lo be Shlvas faLherlnlaw uaksha Lherefore organlsed a ya[na Lo whlch he dld noL lnvlLe Shlva
SaLl wenL Lo Lhe ceremony unlnvlLed and lmmolaLed herself when her faLher sLarLed crlLlclse her
husband Pearlng of SaLls deaLh Shlva desLroyed Lhe ya[na Pe also cursed uaksha LhaL uaksha
would have Lo be born as Lhe son of Lhe racheLas)
1o reLurn Lo Lhe accounL of Lhe kurma urana Lhe uaksha who was Lhe son of Lhe racheLas
organlsed a ya[na All Lhe gods and sages were lnvlLed Lo Lhls ceremony 8uL as a resulL of
uakshas earller enmlLy wlLh hls sonlnlaw Shlva was noL lnvlLed
1here was a sage named uadhlchl who proLesLed aL Lhls sllghL Lo Shlva Pow can you have a
rellglous ceremony wlLhouL lnvlLlng Shlva? he Lold uaksha
Shlva ls a worLhless fellow replled uaksha Pe ls noL flL Lo be worshlpped LogeLher wlLh Lhe
oLher gods Pe wears skulls and desLroys all LhaL ls creaLed Pow can he be LreaLed as an equal of
Lhe greaL vlshnu Lhe preserver of all LhaL one can see? My ya[na ls dedlcaLed Lo vlshnu lL ls noL
meanL for Lhe llkes of Shlva
uadhlchl Lrled Lo persuade uaksha LhaL Shlva should noL be lgnored buL uaksha was ln no mood
Lo llsLen uadhlchl refused Lo Lake parL ln such a ya[na and assured uaksha LhaL hls ceremony
would noL be successfully compleLed Pe also cursed Lhe oLher sages who had slded wlLh
uaksha LhaL Lhey would go Lo hell and would devlaLe from Lhe paLh lald down ln Lhe vedas (1he
MahabharaLaa also records uadhlchls proLesL Accordlng Lo Lhe MahabharaLaa uadhlchl was
devoLed Lo Shlva)
uaksha wenL ahead wlLh hls ya[na 1he oLher gods lncludlng vlshnu came Lo aLLend Lhe
ceremony
Meanwhlle arvaLl goL Lo know abouL Lhe ya[na and Lold Shlva Pow can Lhere be a ceremony
aL whlch you are noL lnvlLed? AlLhough uaksha used Lo be my faLher ln my earller llfe Lhls evll
acL of hls should noL be condoned lease desLroy Lhe ceremony(lf one goes by Lhe more cusLomary
accounL Lhe quesLlon of arvaLls asklng Shlva Lo desLroy Lhe
ya[na does noL arlse SaLl dled on Lhe occaslon of Lhe ceremony and lL was Lhe grlef of SaLls deaLh
LhaL led Shlva Lo exacL vengeance 1hls happened much before arvaLl was born as Lhe daughLer
of Plmavana)
8ecause of arvaLls blddlng Shlva creaLed a demon named vlrabhadra vlrabhadra had a
Lhousand heads a Lhousand feeL a Lhousand eyes and a Lhousand arms Pls body shone wlLh
radlance llke Lhe sun aL Lhe Llme of desLrucLlon 1he Lhousand arms held all sorLs of weapons ln
Lhem
WhaL are my orders? vlrabhadra asked Shlva
Co and desLroy uakshas ya[na was Lhe reply
vlrabhadra ascended a bull and seL ouL for uakshas house Pe creaLed Lhousands and Lhousands
of demons who would ald hlm ln Lhe Lask of desLrucLlon 1hese demons were armed wlLh spears
LrldenLs maces clubs and sLones arvaLl also creaLed a goddess named 8hadrakall who would
help vlrabhadra
1hls sLrange army arrlved aL Lhe place where Lhe ya[na was belng held and sald We are Shlvas
followers We have come Lo recelve Shlvas share of Lhe offerlngs
no offerlngs have been earmarked for Shlva replled Lhe gods and Lhe sages Pe has noL even
been lnvlLed Lo Lhe sacrlflce
1hese words angered vlrabhadra and he began hls Lask of desLrucLlon Pls companlons uprooLed
Lhe scaffoldlngs LhaL had been erecLed on Lhe occaslon of Lhe sacrlflce 1he sacrlflclal horse was
flung lnLo Lhe waLers of Lhe rlver Canga (1hls was an ashvamedha ya[na (horse sacrlflce) LhaL
was belng performed on Lhe banks of Lhe rlver Canga
vlrabhadra caughL hold of 8haga (ldenLlfled as Lhe sungod Surya) and Lore ouL hls eyes Pe
smashed Lhe LeeLh of Lhe god usha (also ldenLlfled as anoLher manlfesLaLlon of Lhe sungod
Surya) As for Lhe moongod Chandra vlrabhadra gave hlm a resoundlng klck and senL hlm
reellng 1he flregod Agnl had hls arms and Longue sllced off by vlrabhadras companlons 1he
sages were klcked and boxed
vlshnu hlmself came Lo lnLervene and vlrabhadra began Lo flghL wlLh vlshnu
vlshnu has a wonderful weapon named sudarshana chakra (a bladeddlscuss) and he hurled Lhls
aL vlrabhadra 8uL vlrabhadra easlly repelled Lhls weapon wlLh hls arrows vlshnu ls carrled by
Caruda klng of Lhe blrds Caruda aLLacked vlrabhadra buL so flerce was vlrabhadra LhaL Caruda
had Lo flee 1he enLlre unlverse marvelled Lo see LhaL vlrabhadra could Lhus vanqulsh vlshnu and
Caruda8rahma now arrlved and soughL Lo puL an end Lo Lhe flghLlng Pe sLarLed Lo pray Lo Shlva and
Shlva and arvaLl arrlved on Lhe scene 1he assembled gods and sages also began Lo pray Lo
Shlva and arvaLl arvaLl was moved Lo plLy by Lhese prayers
1hese gods and sages have now soughL refuge wlLh you she Lold Shlva lease pardon Lhem
Lhelr slns
Agreed replled Shlva ?ou have my blesslng snow 8uL please remember LhaL one cannoL
have a rellglous ceremony wlLhouL l belng worshlpped
1he gods and Lhe sages reallsed LhaL Shlva was no dlfferenL from vlshnu 1hey were really one
and Lhe same dlfferenL manlfesLaLlons of Lhe same unlversal force
When uaksha had earller been born as Lhe son of 8rahma he had marrled Aslkll Lhe daughLer of
vlrana (1here ls a mlnor conLradlcLlon here as well Larller Lhe kurma urana has sLaLed LhaL
uakshas wlfe was rasuLl lL ls of course posslble LhaL rasuLl and Aslkll were dlfferenL names
for Lhe same lndlvldual)
uaksha and Aslkll had one Lhousand sons 8uL Lhe sage narada had persuaded Lhese sons Lo
become hermlLs dlslnLeresLed ln worldly pursulLs (1he vlshnu urana glven a more compleLe
accounL llrsL flve Lhousand sons named Lhe Paryashvas had been born and narada had
persuaded Lhese sons Lo become hermlLs nexL one Lhousand sons named Lhe Shavalashvas had
been born and Lhese had also become hermlLs aL naradas lnsLlgaLlon 1hereafLer slxLy daughLers
had been born)
1o reLurn Lo Lhe accounL of kurma urana uaksha and Aslkll had had slxLy daughLers had been
marrled Lo uharma 8rahmas son (1here ls agaln a conLradlcLlon ln Lhe secLlon on creaLlon Lhe
kurma urana had sLaLed LhaL LhlrLeen daughLers had been marrled Lo uharma) 1he Len daughLers
who had been marrled Lo uharma were MaruLvaLl vasu ?aml Lamba 8hanu ArundhaLl
Sankalpa MuhurLa Sadhya and vlshva vlshvas sons were Lhe gods known as Lhe vlshvadevas
Sadhyas sons Lhe gods known as Lhe sadhyas MaruLvaLls sons Lhe gods known as Lhe bhanus
(More usually Lhe uranas have a compleLely dlfferenL accounL of Lhe blrLh of Lhe maruLs 1hey
were born as Lhe sons of ulLl kashyapas wlfe) MuhurLa gave blrLh Lo Llme Lamba Lo caLLle
(ghosha) ?aml Lo snakes (nagas) ArundhaLl Lo all Lhe ob[ecLs (vlshaya) on earLh and Sankalpa Lo
resoluLlon (sankalpa)
1hlrLeen of uakshas daughLers had been marrled Lo Lhe sage kashyapa 1helr names were AdlLl
ulLl ArlshLa uanu Surasa khasa Surabhl vlnaLa 1amra krodhavasha lra kadru and Munl
1welve gods known as Lhe adlLyas were born as Lhe sons of AdlLl 1helr names were Amsha
uhaLa 8haga 1vashLa MlLra varuna Aryama vlvasvana SavlLa usha Amshumana and
vlshnu
uanus sons were demons (danavas) Chlef among Lhem were 1ara Shambara kaplla Shankara
Svarbhanu and vrlshaparva (Some uranas menLlon forLy such sons)Surasa gave blrLh Lo Lhe
Candharvas (More usually lL ls sLaLed LhaL Surasa was Lhe moLher of Lhe
snakes (nagas))
ArlsLhas sons were Lhousands and Lhousands of snakes (sarpas)
kadrus sons were also snakes (nagas)
1amras daughLers were Lhe ancesLors of Lhe blrds Surabhl gave blrLh Lo cows and buffaloes and
lra Lo Lrees and herbs
khasa was Lhe moLher of yakshas (demlgods) Munl of apsaras and krodhavasha of rakshasas
vlnaLa had Lwo sons named Caruda and Aruna 1hese Lwo sons performed very dlfflculL Lapasya
Caruda pleased vlshnu and obLalned Lhe boon LhaL he would carry vlshnu around Aruna pleased
Shlva and obLalned Lhe boon LhaL he would become Lhe suns charloLeer (1he sLory of Lhe rlvalry
beLween vlnaLa and kadru and Lhelr respecLlve offsprlng ls glven ln Lhe 8hagavaLa and MaLsya
uranas)
1hls leaves ulLl She had Lwo sons named Plranyakashlpu and Plranyaksha 1hese Lwo sons
were demons and Lhelr chlldren came Lo be known as Lhe dalLyas Plranyakashlpu was elder Lo
Plranyaksha (1he uranas do noL agree on Lhls ln some uranas Plranyaksha ls referred Lo as
Lhe elder broLher)
Plranyakashlpu
Plranyakashlpu pleased 8rahma Lhrough hls prayers As a resulL of Lhe boon LhaL he recelved
from 8rahma he became lnvlslble and sLarLed Lo oppress Lhe world Pe drove Lhe gods ouL of
heaven
1he gods and Lhe sages wenL Lo 8rahma Lo persuade hlm Lo do someLhlng abouL Plranyakashlpu
l cannoL really help you sald 8rahma Co Lo Lhe norLhern shores of Lhe greaL ocean and pray
Lo vlshnu Lhere l wlll accompany you lL ls vlshnu alone who can flnd a soluLlon
8rahma led Lhe gods and Lhe sages Lo Lhe shores of Lhe greaL ocean and sLarLed Lo pray Lo vlshnu
Lhere
vlshnu appeared before Lhem Why have all of you come here? he asked WhaL do you wanL?
lL ls Plranyakashlpu replled Lhe gods and Lhe sages Pe ls oppresslng Lhe world Lhanks Lo a
boon recelved from 8rahma 8ecause of Lhe boon he can only be kllled by you lease klll hlm
and save Lhe unlverse
vlshnu creaLed a belng ouL of hls body 1hls belng was as glganLlc as MounL Sumeru and held a
loLus (padma) a conchshell (shankha) and a mace (gada) ln hls hands Co and klll
Plranyakashlpu vlshnu lnsLrucLed Lhe belng1he belng Lhereupon ascended Caruda and lefL for
Plranyakashlpus caplLal Pls roars made Lhe
ramparLs of Lhe clLy quake
Plranyakashlpu had four sons named rahlada Anuhrada Samhrada and Prada (1he more
usual names are rahlada Anuhlada Samhlada and Plada) Accompanled by Plrayakashlpus
demon soldlers Lhese four sons came ouL Lo flghL wlLh Lhe belng easlly repelled all of Lhese 1he
four prlnces Lhen unleashed dlvlne weapons on Lhe belng rahlada used brahmasLra Anuhrada
valshnavasLra Samhrada koumarasLra and Prada agneyasLra 8uL Lhese dlvlne weapons could do
Lhe wonderful belng no harm Pe merely plcked up Lhe prlnces and flung Lhem far away
Cn seelng LhaL hls sons had Lhus been dlsposed of Plranyakashlpu came Lo flghL Pe gave Lhe
belng a resoundlng klck on hls chesL and Lhe creaLure fled ln paln Lo vlshnu
vlshnu now reallsed LhaL he would have Lo Lake care of Plranyakashlpu hlmself Pe adopLed Lhe
form of a belng who was a halfman and halfllon Slnce nara means man and slmha means llon
Lhls came Lo be known as Lhe naraslmha lncarnaLlon (avaLara) of vlshnu
Co and klll Lhls pecullar creaLure Plranyakashlpu lnsLrucLed rahlada
rahlada and hls broLhers Lrled Lo flghL wlLh vlshnu buL were defeaLed easlly Plranyakashlpu
now senL hls broLher Plranyakasha Lo flghL Plranyakasha used several weapons on vlshnu
lncludlng Lhe dlvlng weapon known as ashupaLa 8uL Lhese weapons could do vlshnu no harm
Meanwhlle rahlada had reallsed LhaL Lhls belng could be none oLher Lhan vlshnu Pe sLarLed Lo
pray Lo vlshnu Pe requesLed hls broLhers uncle and faLher noL Lo flghL wlLh vlshnu vlshnu
smoLe Plranyakashlpus chesL wlLh hls claws and Lhereby kllled hlm Pe also kllled Anuhrada
Samhrada and Prada
(A falrly common sLory ln Lhe uranas such as Lhe vlshnu urana ls Lhe sLory of rahlada
uesplLe belng Plranyakashlpus son rahlada was devoLed Lo vlshnu from hls chlldhood
Plranyakashlpu had no deslre Lo have a son who was devoLed Lo vlshnu and dld hls level besL Lo
klll rahlada 8uL rahlada was proLecLed by vlshnu and survlved all Lhese aLLempLs ln Lhe flnal
lncldenL naraslmha appeared whlle Plranyakashlpu was argulng wlLh rahlada and kllled Lhe
demonklng vlshnu Lhen crowned rahlada klng ln Plranyakashlpus place 1here was no
quesLlon of Plranyaksha becomlng klng afLer Plranyakashlpu ln Lhe more common accounL
Plranyaksha was Lhe elder broLher and had already been kllled by vlshnu ln hls boar (varaha)
lncarnaLlon lL was Plranyakashas deaLh LhaL led Lo Plranyakashlpus haLred of vlshnu 1here ls
Lhus some varlance beLween Lhls more common accounL and LhaL relaLed by Lhe kurma urana)
Plranyaksha
AfLer Plranyakashlpu dled Plranyaksha became Lhe klng of Lhe demons
Plranyaksha prompLly began Lo oppress Lhe world Pe defeaLed Lhe gods and drove Lhem ouL of
heaven Pe also Look Lhe earLh down Lo Lhe underworld 1he gods agaln wenL Lo 8rahma ln search of a
soluLlon and 8rahma Look Lhem Lo vlshnu 1hey prayed Lo vlshnu so LhaL
Plranyaksha mlghL be kllled
vlshnu adopLed Lhe form of a boar and kllled Plranyaksha Pe also ralsed Lhe earLh up Lo lLs
rlghLful place (1hls was Lhe sLory LhaL was alluded Lo when Lhe kurma urana menLloned
vlshnus boar lncarnaLlon)
When Plranyaksha was kllled rahlada became Lhe klng of demons lnlLlally he ruled well Pe
worshlpped vlshnu and performed ya[nas 1he klngdom Lhrlved and prospered 8uL on one
occaslon rahlada forgoL Lo worshlp a brahmana Lhrough lnadverLence
1he brahmana was furlous as he LhoughL LhaL rahlada had done Lhls knowlngly ?ou have
dared Lo lgnore me because you Lhank LhaL you are blessed by vlshnu sald Lhe brahmana l
curse you LhaL you wlll forgeL all abouL vlshnu ?our deluslons wlll make you flghL wlLh vlshnu
and you wlll lose all your powers
As a resulL of Lhe brahmanas curse rahlada devlaLed from Lhe rlghLeous paLh Pe lgnored Lhe
brahmanas and Lhe vedas Pe deslred Lo have revenge on vlshnu for havlng kllled hls faLher and
uncle rahlada foughL a long and blLLer war wlLh vlshnu When he was evenLually defeaLed by
vlshnu he reallsed Lhe folly of hls evll ways and soughL refuge wlLh vlshnu
AfLer rahladas deaLh Plranyakshas son Andhaka became Lhe klng of Lhe demons
A ulgresslon on CouLama
Many years ago Lhere was a Lerrlble droughL on earLh 1here was no food Lo be had and famlne
prevalled 1here were several sages who llved ln Lhe foresL and Lhey Loo suffered from a lack of
food
CouLama was a very powerful sage and he had a hermlLage ln Lhe foresL Such were Lhe powers
LhaL CouLama had LhaL lL never sLopped ralnlng ln hls hermlLage 1here was no famlne Lhere and
plenLy of food was Lo be had 1he oLher sages Lherefore wenL Lo CouLamas hermlLage and begged
hlm Lo provlde Lhem wlLh food and shelLer 1hls requesL CouLama readlly agreed Lo and Lhe sages
llved Lhere happlly
AfLer Lwelve years had passed lL began Lo raln agaln 1he droughL had passed and foodgralns
sLarLed Lo grow 1he sages no begged Lhelr leave of CouLama
SLay for a few more days sald CouLama 8e my guesLs and bless my household
1he sages Larrled buL Lhey were [ealous of CouLama and hls powers 1hey Lherefore ploLLed Lo
brlng abouL CouLamas downfall WlLh Lhelr own powers Lhey creaLed a black calf 1hls calf was
noLhlng buL an llluslon 8uL havlng creaLed lL Lhe sages senL lL Lo CouLama CouLama found Lhe
calf wanderlng around and declded Lo Lake lL Lo hls cowshed 8uL as soon as he Louched Lhe calf
Lhe calf seemed Lo dle All Lhls was because of Lhe llluslon buL CouLama dld noL know Lhls Pe
was LhundersLruck aL havlng kllled a cow?ou are evll you have kllled a cow Lhe sages Lold CouLama
lL would be a sln Lo remaln as
your guesL We are leavlng
8y Lhen CouLama had goL Lo know LhaL Lhe calf had been an llluslon Pe was exLremely angry
wlLh Lhe sages and cursed Lhem because you have been evll you have devlaLe from Lhe paLh lald
down by Lhe vedas ?ou wlll roL ln hell and wlll have Lo be born several Llmes Lo be freed of your
slns
1he sages sLarLed Lo pray Lo vlshnu and Shlva 1hey wlshed LhaL Lhelr slns mlghL be cleansed
WhaL shall we do wlLh Lhese sages? Shlva asked vlshnu Shall we pardon Lhem? 1hey are
praylng for dellverance
never replled vlshnu 1hose who do noL follow whaL ls lald down ln Lhe vedas wlll surely
roL ln hell 8uL slnce Lhey are noL permlLLed Lo follow Lhe sacred shasLras leL us compose some
oLher shasLras for Lhem 1hey wlll follow Lhose evll shasLras roL ln hell and be born on earLh
several Llmes 1haL ls Lhelr penance
1o delude Lhe sages Shlva hlmself preLended Lo be a greaL rellglous Leacher Pe preached evll
ways and Lhe sLupld brahmanas began Lo follow whaL he preached
Andhaka
Whlle Shlva was gone he lefL hls companlon nandl Lo look afLer hls household Pe also gave
vlshnu Lhe overall responslblllLy of ensurlng LhaL all was well wlLh arvaLl and Lhe gods and Lhe
sages
8eallslng LhaL Shlva was away Andhaka LhoughL LhaL Lhls was Lhe opporLune momenL for
abducLlng arvaLl Pe found LhaL nandl sLood guard aL Lhe enLrance Lo Shlvas house and began Lo
flghL wlLh nandl nandl sLruck Andhaka on Lhe chesL wlLh a LrldenL
1hls angered Andhaka and he creaLed a Lhousand oLher demons who were [usL llke hlm ln
appearance 1hls army of demons defeaLed nandl and Lhe gods nandl dld noL know whaL Lo do
and sLarLed Lo pray Lo vlshnu vlshnu creaLed some goddesses from hls body and Lhese goddesses
kllled Lhe demon soldlers Andhaka also fled
AfLer Lwelve years had passed Shlva reLurned and learnL whaL had Lransplred
8y Lhen Andhaka had recovered and he reLurned deLermlned ln hls bld Lo abducL arvaLl 8oLh
Shlva and vlshnu sLarLed Lo flghL wlLh Andhakas army
vlshnu Lold Shlva klll Lhls demon no one buL you can klll Andhaka lease klll Lhe demon and
dellver Lhe unlverse
Shlva plerced Andhakas chesL wlLh a LrldenL Pe held Lhe LrldenL alofL wlLh Andhaka Lransflxed
Lo one of lLs prongs And wlLh hls LrldenL held alofL Shlva began Lo dance8uL all Lhe evll had deserLed
Andhakas body and mlnd as soon as he had been plerced by Shlvas
LrldenL Pe sLarLed Lo pray Lo Shlva 1hese prayers pleased Shlva
Pe lowered Lhe LrldenL and Lold Andhaka l am pleased wlLh your prayers My companlons are
known as Lhe ganas SLay by my slde and be a ganapaLl LhaL ls a lord over Lhe ganas ?ou wlll be
nandls companlon
8all
WlLh Andhaka Lhus Laken care of rahladas son vlrochana became Lhe klng of Lhe demons Pe
ruled hls klngdom well
1here was a sage named SanaLakumara who once wenL Lo vlslL vlrochana vlrochana was
dellghLed Lo see Lhe sage and SanaLakumara lnsLrucLed vlrochana on Lhe Lrue naLure of Lhe
unlverse 1hese Leachlngs so lmpressed vlrochana LhaL he no longer had any deslre Lo be a klng
Pe wenL off Lo medlLaLe afLer havlng crowned hls son 8all as Lhe klng of Lhe demons
8all was a good and rlghLeous klng Pe ruled well and observed rellglous rlLes falLhfully 8uL he
defeaLed lndra and Lhe oLher gods and won over heaven from Lhem lndra and Lhe oLher gods
sLarLed Lo pray Lo vlshnu for dellverance
1he moLher of all Lhe gods was AdlLl and she was despondenL aL seelng her chlldren suffer Lhus
She Loo sLarLed Lo pray Lo vlshnu SLlrred by Lhese prayers vlshnu appeared before AdlLl
WhaL boon do you deslre? he asked
lease granL me Lhe boon LhaL you wlll be born as my son replled AdlLl And as my son you
wlll Lake care of 8all
vlshnu granLed Lhe boon and was born as AdlLls son As AdlLls son vlshnu sLudled Lhe vedas
under Lhe sage 8haradva[a
Meanwhlle 8all arranged a ya[na and vlshnu came Lo aLLend Lhe ceremony ln Lhe form of a
dwarf (vamana) (ln more usual accounLs such as Lhe 8hagavaLa urana vlshnu was born as a
dwarf)
8all was noL golng Lo refuse anyLhlng Lo anyone on Lhe occaslon of Lhe sacrlflce As soon as he
saw Lhe dwarf he worshlpped hlm and sald l am forLunaLe LhaL you have come Lo aLLend my
ceremony lease Lell me whaL l can do for you
CranL me as much of land as can be covered ln Lhree of my fooLsLeps replled Lhe dwarf
1hls boon 8all granLed 1he dwarf lmmedlaLely assumed a glganLlc form WlLh one fooLsLep
vlshnu covered Lhe enLlre earLh WlLh a second he covered Lhe sky And wlLh Lhe Lhlrd and flnal
fooLsLep he covered heaven 1he enLlre unlverse ls lnslde and egg (anda) and ouLslde Lhe egg
Lhere ls waLer vlshnus fooL cracked Lhe shell of Lhe egg and some of Lhe waLer LhaL was ouLslde
poured ln 1hls waLer began Lo flow Lhrough Lhe sky and became Lhe heavenly Canga (1he sLory
of Lhe heavenly Canga (ldenLlfled as Lhe Mllky Way) descendlng Lo earLh ls a separaLe sLory 1he
sLory of Canga belng born from vlshnus body ls glven ln Lhe 8rahmavalvarLa urana)
Pavlng Lraversed all Lhe land LhaL was avallable vlshnu resumed hls form of a dwarf
?ou have now donaLed Lo me all Lhe Lhree worlds he Lold 8all Where wlll you sLay?
l seek refuge wlLh you was 8alls answer
vlshnu Lhen lnsLrucLed 8all Lo go and llve ln Lhe underworld As for heaven lL was resLored Lo
lndra
1hls ls Lhe sLory of vlshnus dwarf (vamana) lncarnaLlon
vana
8all had a hundred sons Lhe eldesL among whom was vana vana was devoLed Lo Shlva Pe was
also exLremely powerful Pe defeaLed lndra and conquered Lhe Lhree worlds
lndra and Lhe oLher gods wenL Lo Shlva ?our devoLee vana ls oppresslng us Lhey Lold Shlva
lease Lake care of hlm
Shlva Look up a slngle arrow and wlLh Lhls he compleLely burnL up vanas clLy
(1hls ls devlaLlon from Lhe usual accounL of Lhe uranas such as Lhe vlshnu urana or Lhe
8hagavaLa urana ln Lhose accounLs krlshna foughL wlLh vana and defeaLed hlm alLhough
Shlva foughL on vanas slde lL was because of krlshnas blesslngs LhaL vana became Shlvas
companlon vanas caplLal was named ShonlLapura)
When vanas clLy was belng burnL up vana emerged and sLarLed Lo pray Lo Shlvas llnga (lmage
of Shlva) leased aL vanas prayers Shlva made vana a ganapaLl 1hus vana came Lo be
Shlvas consLanL companlon
1he Solar uynasLy
1he sungod vlvasvana was Lhe son of kashyapa and AdlLl Pe had four wlves Sam[na 8a[nl
rabha and Chhaya
Sam[nas son was valvasvaLa Manu 8a[nls chlldren were ?ama yamuna and 8evanLa Savarnl
Shanl 1apaLl and vlshLl were Chhayas chlldren and rabhas son was rabhaLa
(1he names do noL Lally across Lhe uranas lor example ln Lhe Markandeya urana Lhe sun had
only Lwo wlves Sam[na and Chhaya ?ama and ?amuna were also Lhe chlldren of Sam[na)valvasvaLa
Manu had nlne sons 1helr names were lkshvaku nabhaga ArlshLa karusha and
rlshadhra Manu also had a daughLer named lla from whom Lhe lunar dynasLy orlglnaLed
lkshvakus son was vlkukshl and Lhls was Lhe llne of kakuLsLha ln Lhls llne was born 8ama of
8amayana fame
1he names of several klngs of Lhe solar dynasLy are glven 8uL Lhese we wlll noL reproduce as
Lhey are merely a caLalogue of names
1he Lunar uynasLy
8udha was Lhe son of Lhe moongod Chandra 8udha marrled lla and Lhey had a son named
ururava
ururava marrled Lhe apsara urvashl and Lhey had slx sons Cne of Lhese sons was Ayu and
amongsL Ayus descendanLs was a klng named ?ayaLl
?ayaLl had Lwo wlves 1he flrsL was uevayanl daughLer of Shukracharya Lhe precepLor of Lhe
demons 1he second wlfe was named SharmlshLha and she was Lhe daughLer of vrlshaparva Lhe
klng of Lhe danavas ?ayaLl and uevayanl had Lwo sons ?adu and 1ursavu ?ayaLl and
SharmlshLha had Lhree sons uruhya Anu and uru When lL became Llme for ?ayaLl Lo reLlre Lo
Lhe foresL he gave puru Lhe bulk of Lhe klngdom and urus descendanLs came Lo be known as Lhe
auravas ?adu was glven some land Lowards Lhe souLhwesL and hls descendanLs were Lhe
?adavas 1urvasu ruled Lo Lhe souLheasL uruhya Lo Lhe wesL and Anu Lo Lhe norLh
Cne of ?adus descendanLs was Lhe klng krlLavlrya and krlLavlryas son became famous as
karLavlrya Ar[una Pe had a Lhousand arms and was Lhe mosL skllled of flghLers Pe evenLually
meL hls deaLh aL Lhe hands of arashurama
karLavlrya Ar[una had several hundred sons 8uL Lhe flve mosL lmporLanL ones were Shura
Shurasena krlshna uhrlshna and !ayadva[a !ayadva[a was devoLed Lo vlshnu buL hls broLhers
were more lncllned Lowards Lhe worshlp of Shlva
1he four broLhers Lold !ayadhva[a SLop worshlpplng vlshnu Cur faLher was a devoLee of
Shlvas and lL ls our duLy Lo follow Lhe example seL by our faLher LeL us worshlp Shlva
lL ls my duLy Lo worshlp vlshnu replled !ayadhva[a vlshnu ls Lhe lord of everyLhlng he ls Lhe
preserver Pow can l do oLherwlse?
1he broLhers debaLed abouL Lhe vlrLues of worshlpplng Shlva vlsavls vlshnu buL could arrlve aL
no consensus 1hey Lherefore declded Lo seek Lhe advlce of Lhe seven greaL sages (sapLarshl)
chlef amongsL whom was vashlsLha
vashlshLha Lold Lhe broLhers Cne worshlps Lhe god LhaL one chooses 1here are no rules ln Lhls
regard All gods yleld Lhe deslred frulL lf properly worshlpped 1o Lhe exLenL LhaL Lhere are rules
Lhere are as follows klngs worshlp vlshnu and lndra brahmanas worshlp Agnl AdlLya 8rahma and
Shlva Lhe gods worshlp vlshnu Lhe demons worshlp Shlva Lhe yakshas and gandharvas
worshlp Chandra Lhe sages worshlp 8rahma and Shlva and women worshlp arvaLl 8uL for
humans Lhe besL way ls Lo reallse LhaL Shlva ls no dlfferenL from vlshnu and LhaL Shlva and
vlshnu should Lherefore be worshlpped slmulLaneously
1he kurma urana also glves Lhe names of several klngs belonglngs Lo Lhe lunar dynasLy 8uL
Lhese we wlll gloss over as Lhey are merely only a caLalogue of names
uur[aya and urvashl
1here used Lo be a klng named uur[aya Pe was learned ln Lhe shasLras and a good klng
Pls wlfe was a beauLlful and good woman
Cne day klng uur[aya wenL Lo Lhe banks of Lhe rlver kallndl 1here he meL Lhe apsara urvashl
and fell ln love wlLh her Pe marrled urvashl and llved wlLh her for many years
AfLer several years had passed uur[aya remembered hls klngdom and wlfe Pe Lold urvashl
lease leL me reLurn Lo my home now
noL yeL klng replled urvashl lease sLay wlLh me for one more year
l wlll reLurn as soon as l have vlslLed my klngdom sald uur[aya l promlse you LhaL l wlll noL
Larry Lhere 1herefore leL me reLurn
l wlll leL you go on condlLlon LhaL you do noL llve as Lhe husband of any oLher woman replled
urvashl
uur[aya agreed Lo Lhls condlLlon and reLurned home 8uL because of Lhe word LhaL he had glven
urvashl he sLayed away from hls wlfe and dld noL venLure near her Pls wlfe Lrled Lo flnd ouL
whaL Lhe maLLer was buL uur[aya would noL reply llnally Lhe queen goL Lo know whaL uur[aya
had done and reallsed LhaL her husband had commlLLed a sln Pe should noL have marrled urvashl
whlle hls wlfe was sLlll allve 1he queen Lherefore Lold uur[aya ?ou have slnned ?ou musL
perform penance 1haL ls Lhe sorL of acLlon LhaL beflLs a klng noL Lhls despondency LhaL you have
become addlcLed Lo
klng uur[aya wenL and meL Lhe sage kanva Lo ascerLaln whaL sorL of penance should be
performed for Lhe sln LhaL he had commlLLed kanva advlsed hlm Lo go Lo Lhe Plmalayas and
medlLaLe
Whlle uur[aya was golng Lo Lhe Plmalayas he meL a Candharva klng 1he Candharva klng wore
a dlvlne garland uur[aya remembered urvashl Pe LhoughL LhaL Lhe garland was a flLLlng
adornmenL for no one buL urvashl Pe began Lo flghL wlLh Lhe Candharva over Lhe possesslon of
Lhe garland uur[aya managed Lo defeaL Lhe Candharva klng and obLaln Lhe garland Pe
lmmedlaLely hasLened Lo banks of Lhe rlver kallndl because he LhoughL LhaL he mlghL flnd
urvashl Lhere 8uL urvashl was noL Lo be found and uur[aya roamed Lhe world ln search of herllnally
uur[aya arrlved ln Lhe reglon of MounL Sumeru 1he lake Manasa ls locaLed Lhere And
by Lhe shores of Lhe lake uur[aya found urvashl Pe gave Lhe apsara Lhe garland and llved
happlly wlLh her for some Llme
AfLer a few days had passed urvashl asked uur[aya klng please Lell me whaL Lransplred when
you wenL home
uur[aya Lhereupon Lold urvashl abouL Lhe conversaLlon LhaL he had wlLh hls wlfe and abouL whaL
Lhe sage kanva had asked hlm Lo do
urvashl was alarmed when she heard Lhe klngs accounL WhaL have you done? she exclalmed
PasLen back oLherwlse kanva and your wlfe wlll curse Lhe Lwo of us
8uL uur[aya was so smlLLen wlLh love for urvashl LhaL he refused Lo llsLen Lo urvashls enLreaLles
urvashl Lherefore made herself very ugly 1hls repelled uur[aya and he gave urvashl up
lor Lwelve years uur[aya performed dlfflculL Lapasya llvlng only on frulLs and rooLs lor anoLher
Lwelve years he llved only on alr AfLer havlng Lhus medlLaLed for LwenLyfour years uur[aya
wenL Lo kanvas hermlLage and Lold Lhe sage all LhaL he had done
l am pleased LhaL you have reallsed Lhe folly of your ways and have performed Lapasya sald
kanva 8uL LhaL alone ls noL enough ?our sln has been Loo severe Co Lo Lhe clLy of varanasl
and llve Lhere Shlva ls everpresenL ln LhaL clLy and he wlll pardon all your slns
uur[aya dld Lhls and was pardoned all hls slns Such are Lhe beneflLs of praylng Lo Shlva and such
are Lhe vlrLues of Lhe wonderful clLy of varanasl
krlshnas 1apasya
krlshna was Lhe elghL lncarnaLlon of vlshnu and he was born as Lhe son of uevakl and vasudeva
lnlLlally krlshna dld noL have any sons ueslrous of obLalnlng a son krlshna wenL Lo vlslL Lhe
sage upamanyu 1he sages hermlLage was beauLlful Wonderous were Lhe Lrees and flowers and
grew Lhere 1he consLanL chanLlng of Lhe vedas could be heard Wlld anlmals losL Lhelr feroclLy
as soon as Lhey enLered Lhe hermlLage LoLus flowers bloomed ln Lhe ponds Sages came from all
over Lhe counLry Lo medlLaLe ln Lhe hermlLage 1he sacred rlver Canga flowed pasL Lhe hermlLage
krlshna greeLed Lhe sages and Lhey worshlpped hlm ln reLurn
upamanyu welcomed krlshna wlLh varlous offerlngs and sald Cur medlLaLlon has been amply
rewarded by your vlslL 1he greaL vlshnu has hlmself come Lo grace us by your presence 8uL ls
Lhere any parLlcular reason as Lo why you have come Lo Lhe hermlLage?
l wlsh Lo meeL Shlva replled krlshna Pow does one geL Lo meL hlm?Shlva appears lf a devoLee
performs dlfflculL Lapasya sald upamanyu lL helps lf Lhe
medlLaLlon ls accompanled by greaL falLh
Pearlng Lhese words krlshna began a dlfflculL rellglous rlLe known as pashupaLa vraLa Pe
donned cloLhes made ouL of Lhe barks of Lrees smeared ashes on hls body and conLlnuously
chanLed Shlvas name AfLer many years had passed Shlva and arvaLl appeared before krlshna
krlshna why are you performlng Lapasya? asked Shlva ?ou are Lhe greaL vlshnu hlmself
Any ob[ecL LhaL you deslre ls lmmedlaLely aLLalned Why are you Lhen engaged ln Lhls Lask of
medlLaLlon?
l wlsh Lo have a son who ls [usL llke you sald krlshna lease leL hlm also be devoLed Lo you
Shlva gladly granLed Lhe boon and Lhe son who was born was Shamba (alLernaLlvely Samba) Pe
was Lhe son of krlshna and !ambavaLl
(SLorles abouL Shamba are Lo be found ln Lhe vlshnu urana and also ln MahabharaLaa)
1he ?uCAS (Lras)
?ou probably remember LhaL Lhere are four yugas or eras SaLya ?uga or krlLa ?uga 1reLa
?uga uvapara ?uga and kall ?uga
Lomaharshana nexL Lold Lhe sages abouL Lhe characLerlsLlcs of Lhese four eras
kall ?uga ls Lhe worsL of Lhe four eras eople are slnful and forgeL Lhe dharma of Lhe four varnas
and Lhe four ashramas ln facL men are so slnful LhaL no prescrlbed penance aLones for Lhelr slns
1he only place whlch ls free from such slns ls Lhe sacred clLy of varanasl
ln SaLya ?uga Lhe besL course Lo be pursued ls medlLaLlon ln 1reLa ?uga lL ls Lhe pursulL of
knowledge ([nana) ln uvapara ?uga lL ls Lhe performance of ya[nas and ln kall ?uga lL ls Lhe
donaLlon of alms 8rahma ls Lhe prlmary god ln SaLya ?uga Surya ln 1reLa ?uga vlshnu ln
uvapara ?uga and Shlva ln kall ?uga
Lnvy and [ealousy were unknown ln SaLya ?uga and everyone was happy 1here was no
superlors and lnferlors and all lndlvlduals were equally healLhy and equally handsome 1here
were no flxed places for people Lo llve ln no clLles and no vlllages Men llved ln Lhe mounLalns
and on Lhe shores of Lhe oceans
ln SaLya ?uga waLer was always freely avallable 1hls was no longer Lhe case ln 1reLa ?uga
WaLer only became avallable when lL ralned 8aln was unknown earller And as lL ralned Lrees
began Lo grow eople llved on Lhese Lrees 1he frulL from Lhese Lrees provlded Lhe susLenance
requlred Lo make a llvlng 8uL gradually anger and [ealousy came Lo be known and many of Lhe
wonderful Lrees dlsappeared as manklnd plcked up evlls ways Powever enough Lrees were lefL
Lo ensure LhaL people dld noL dle of sLarvaLlon 1hey llved on honey gaLhered from Lhe Lrees
AlLhough men looked on SaLya ?uga wlLh nosLalgla lllhealLh and dlsease conLlnued Lo be unknown even
ln 1reLa ?uga 8uL Lowards Lhe end of 1reLa ?uga people became really slnful
All Lhe Lrees dlsappeared 1o make a llvlng manklnd had Lo resorL Lo agrlculLure and anlmal
husbandry 1he weaLher became lnclemenL and seasons llke summer monsoon and wlnLer led Lo
hardshlp noLlons of properLy were also lnLroduced lndlvlduals approprlaLed mounLalns rlvers
land Lrees and herbs as Lhelr own 1o lnsLll rlghLeousness ln Lhe mlnds of people Lhe prlnclples
of varna ashrama dharma were seL ouL Lowards Lhe end of 1reLa ?uga
ln uvapara ?uga haLred anger and [ealousy became much more common llghLlng sLarLed lL
was Lhen LhaL veda vyasa spread amongsL ordlnary people Lhe knowledge LhaL was ln Lhe vedas
by dlvldlng Lhem uroughL deaLh and dlsease came Lo be known ln uvapara ?uga
ln kall ?uga fraudulence ls Lhe norm 1here are severe droughLs and famlnes 8evoluLlons Lake place
eople are llars and slnners 1hey are easlly angered 1hey d noL respecL Lhe brahmanas 1he
brahmanas on Lhelr parL forgeL all abouL Lhe vedas and ya[nas Shudras become klngs and oppress Lhe
brahmanas Some Shudras shave off Lhelr heads and wear saffron cloLhes 1hey preLend Lo be rellglous
Leachers And horror of horrors people sLarL Lo belleve ln Lhese fraudulenL Leachers Women wear
halrplns ln Lhelr halr As lf Lhls alone were noL enough Lhey refuse Lo obey Lhelr husbands 1hleves are
everywhere 1he only redeemlng feaLure of kall ?uga ls Lhe facL LhaL even lf one worshlps Shlva [usL a
llLLle blL ln kall ?uga one aLLalns undylng punya (sLore of merlL)
Llngas
A llnga ls an lmage of Shlva 1here are several wonderful llngas ln Lhe wonderful clLy of
varanasl
1here ls a glganLlc llnga named Cmkara AmongsL oLher famous llngas locaLed ln Lhe clLy are
krlLLlvaseshvara Madhyadeshvara vlshveshvara and kaparddlshvara
1he kurma urana reclLes Lhe glorles of Lhese llngas lL also enumeraLes Lhe varlous LlrLhas
(places of pllgrlmage) LhaL are Lo be found ln Lhe clLy of varanasl
lL goes on Lo llsL Lhe vlrLues of Lhe Canga Lhe ?amuna and Lhe clLy of rayaga (modern
Allahabad)
Ceography and AsLronomy
lL ls hoped LhaL you have noL forgoLLen LhaL Svayambhuva Manu had a son named rlyavraLa
rlyavraLa had Len sons 1helr names were Agnldhra Agnlvahu vapushmana uyuLlmana
Medha MedhaLlLhl 8havya Savana uLra and !yoLlshmana
Medha Agnlvahu and uLra had no deslre Lo rule 1hey were noL lnLeresLed ln maLerlal pursulLs
and became hermlLs
rlyavraLa dlvlded Lhe earLh amongsL Lhe remalnlng seven sons 1hus lL was LhaL Lhe earLh came
Lo be dlvlded lnLo seven reglons or dvlpas 1he names of Lhese reglons are !ambudvlpa
lakshadvlpa Shalmalldvlpa kushadvlpa krounch[dvlpa Shakadvlpa and ushkaradvlpa
Agnldhra ruled over !ambudvlpa MedhaLlLhl over lakshadvlpa vapushmana over Shalmalldvlpa
!yoLlshmana over kushadvlpa uyuLlmana over krounchadvlpa 8havya over
Shakadvlpa and Savan over ushkaradvlpa
Agnldhra Lhe ruler of !ambudvlpa had nlne sons 1helr names were nabhl klmurusha Parl
llavrlLa 8amaya Plranyavana kuru 8hadrashva and keLumala Agnldhra dlvlded !ambudvlpa
lnLo nlne reglons (varshas) and gave each of hls sons a reglon Lo rule over A klng named
8haraLaa was one of nabhls descendanLs AfLer Lhe name of 8haraLaa Lhe reglon LhaL nabhl
ruled over has come Lo be known as 8haraLaavarsha
1here are fourLeen reglons (lokas) ln Lhe unlverse Seven of Lhem form Lhe upper reglons 1helr
names are bhuloka bhuvarloka svarloka maharloka [analoka Lapolaka and saLyaloka 8huloka
ls Lhe earLh and lLs llmlLs exLend upLo Lhe polnLs LhaL can be llL up Lhe rays of Lhe sun and Lhe
moon 1ake Lhe dlsLance from bhuloka Lo Lhe solar clrcle An equal dlsLance beyond Lhe solar
clrcle consLlLuLes bhuvarloka 1he reglon from Lhe llmlLs of bhuvarloka Lo Lhe reglon of uhruva
(Lhe ole SLar) ls svarloka or svarga (heaven) Above Lhe solar clrcle ls Lhe lunar clrcle and above
LhaL come successlvely Lhe reglons of Lhe sLars (nakshaLras) 8udha (Mercury) Shukra (venus)
Mangala (Mars) 8rlhaspaLl (!uplLer) Lhe sapLarshls (Lhe consLellaLlon ursa Ma[orls or Lhe CreaL
8ear) and uhruva
Shanl (SaLurn) 8rlhaspaLl and Mangala move slowly 1he sun Lhe moon 8udha and Shukra
move relaLlvely fasL 1he suns charloL ls drawn by seven horses named CayaLrl vrlhaLl
ushnlka !agaLl amkl AnushLupa and 1rlshLupa ln each monLh Lhe sun adopLs a speclflc form
known as an adlLya 1here are Lhus Lwelve adlLyas uhaLLa Aryama MlLra varuna Shakru
vlvasvana usha ar[anya Amshu 8haga 1vashLa and vlshnu
Maharloka ls above Lhe world of uhruva (uhruvaloka) lL ls reserved for Lhose who have been
freed from Lhe bonds of Lhe world !analoka ls sLlll furLher away 8rahmas sons llve Lhere
1apaloka ls beyond [analoka and saLyaloka ls beyond Lapaloka AnoLher word for saLyaloka ls
brahmaloka slnce 8rahma llves Lhere vlshnu llves Lhere as well
(1he kurma urana does noL menLlon Lhe seven lokas LhaL consLlLuLe Lhe lower reglons of Lhe
unlverse 1hls ls Lhe underworld (paLala))
1here are seven seas LhaL surround Lhe seven dvlpas on earLh 1he names of Lhe seas are kshara
lkshu Sura ChrlLa uadhl kshlra and Svadu (1he names of Lhe seven oceans ofLen dlffer from
urana Lo urana)
8lghL ln Lhe cenLer of !ambudvlpa ls MounL Sumeru 1o lLs souLh lle Lhe mounLalns Plmavana
PemakuLa and nlshadha and Lo lLs norLh Lhe mounLalns nlla ShveLa and Srlngl 8haraLaavarsha
ls Lo Lhe souLh of MounL Sumeru 8rahmas assembly ls locaLed on Lhe peak of MounL Sumeru
ManvanLaras
?ou already know whaL a manvanLara ls 1he LlLles of Lhe seven greaL sages (sapLarshl) Lhe
names of Lhe gods and Lhe LlLle of lndra change from Lhe manvanLara Lo anoLherln Lhe presenL kalpa
(cycle) slx manvanLaras have passed
1he flrsL Manu was Svayambhuva
1he second Manu was Svarochlsha 1he gods Lhen were Lhe paravaLas and LushlLas and Lhe LlLle
of lndra was held by vlpashchlLa 1he seven greaL sages were ur[[a SLamba prana uambholl
vrlshabha 1lmlra and Arvarlvana
uLLama was Lhe Lhlrd Manu 1he gods of Lhls manvanLara were Lhe sudhamas sLayas shlvas
praLardanas and vashavarLls and Lhe name of Lhe lndra was SushanLl 8a[ah CoLra urddhavahu
Savana Anagha SuLapa and Shukra were Lhe seven greaL sages
1he fourLh Manu was 1amasa 1he gods of Lhls era were Lhe suravas harls saLyas and sudhas
and Lhe LlLle of lndra was held by Shlbl 1he seven greaL sages were !yoLlrdhama rlLhu kavya
ChalLra Agnl varuna and lvara
ln Lhe flfLh manvanLara Lhe Manu was 8alvaLa and Lhe LlLle of lndra was held by vlbhu 1he gods
were Lhe bhuLls and Lhe valkunLhas and Lhe seven greaL sages were Plranyaroma vedaSrl
urddhavahu vedavahu Suvahu and Supar[anya (1he name of Lhe sevenLh greaL sage ls
mlsslng)
1he Manus Svarochlsha uLLama 1amasa and 8alvaLa were all descended from Svayambhuva
Manu
1he slxLh Manu was Chakshusha and Lhe lndra Lhen was Mano[ava 1he gods were known as Lhe
adyas prasuLas bhavyasa prlLhukas and lekhas Sumedha vrl[a Pavlshmana uLLama Madhu
Abhlmana and Sahlshnu were Lhe seven greaL sages
1he sevenLh manvanLara ls Lhe one LhaL ls now currenL and Lhe lndra now ls urundara 1he Manu
ls Shradhadeva Lhe gods are Lhe adlLyas Lhe vasus Lhe rudras and Lhe maruLs 1he names of Lhe
seven greaL sages are vashlshLha kashyapa ALrl !amadagnl CouLama vlshvamlLra and
8haradva[a
ln Lhe presenL kalpa Lhere wlll be seven more manvanLaras ln Lhe fuLure 1hereafLer Lhe world
wlll be desLroyed
(lL should be menLloned LhaL Lhe names glven ln Lhls secLlon do noL necessarlly Lally wlLh Lhe
names glven ln Lhe oLher uranas noL only do Lhe names of Lhe gods Lhe sages and Lhe lndras
dlffer Lhe names of Lhe fuLure manvanLaras also someLlmes dlffer from urana Lo urana)
veda vyasa
ln every uvapara ?uga a veda vyasa ls born so as Lo dlvlde Lhe vedas and dlssemlnaLe Lhelr
knowledge ln Lhe presenL era Lhere have been LwenLyelghL uvapara ?ugas and Lhere have
Lherefore been LwenLyelghL lndlvlduals who have held Lhe LlLle of veda vyasa 1he kurma
urana glves Lhelr names as follows(1) Svayambhuva Manu (2) ra[apaLl (3) ushana (4) 8rlhaspaLl (3)
SavlLa (6) MrlLyu (7)
lndra (8) vashlshLha (9) SarasvaLa (10) 1rldhama (11) 8lshabha (12) SuLe[a (13) uharma
(14) Sachakshu (13) 1rayarunl (16) uhanan[aya (17) krlLan[aya (18) 8lLan[aya (19)
8haradva[a (20) CouLama (21) vachashrava (22) narayana (23) 1rlnavlndu (24) valmlkl
(23) ShakLrl (26) arashara (27) !aLukarna (28) krlshna uvalpayana
krlshna uvalpayana veda vyasa dlvlded Lhe vedas lnLo four parLs and LaughL Lhem Lo four of hls
dlsclples Pe LaughL alla Lhe 8lg veda valshampayana Lhe ?a[ur veda !almlnl Lhe Sama veda
and SumanLu Lhe ALharva veda As for Lhe uranas Lhey were LaughL Lo Lomaharshana
Shlvas lncarnaLlons
MosL uranas only menLlon vlshnus lncarnaLlons (avaLaras) 1he kurma urana ls one of Lhe
greaL ones whlch menLlons Shlvas lncarnaLlons
ln each kall ?uga Shlva has had an lncarnaLlon 1he names of Lhese lncarnaLlons are as follows
(1) ShveLa (2) SuLara (3) Madana (4) SuhoLra (3) kankana (6) Lokakshl (7)
!alglshavya (8) uadhlvaha (9) 8lshabha (10) 8hrlgu (11) ugra (12) ALrl (13) 8all (14)
CouLama (13) vedashlrsha (16) Cokarna (17) Shlkhandaka (18) !aLamall (19) ALLahasa
(20) uaruka (21) Langall (22) Mahavama (23) Munl (24) Shull (23) lndamunlshvara
(26) Sahlshnu (27) Somasharma (28) nakullshvara
1he lshvara ClLa
Whlle Lomaharshana was reclLlng Lhe kurma urana Lo Lhe assembled sages krlshna
uvalpayana veda vyasa arrlved on Lhe scene Lomaharshana and Lhe oLher sages requesLed veda
vyasa Lo lnsLrucL Lhem abouL Lhe paLh Lo Lrue knowledge 1hls ls whaL veda vyasa Lold Lhem
1he aramaLman (Lhe dlvlne soul) ls Lhe only LruLh lL ls ever pure and ever presenL lL ls from Lhe
aramaLman LhaL Lhe unlverse ls creaLed and lL ls lnLo Lhe aramaLman LhaL Lhe unlverse merges aL
Lhe Llme of lLs desLrucLlon 1he aramaLman ls noL Lhe earLh lL ls noL waLer energy wlnd or sky
lL cannoL be Louched nor can lL be sensed
1he aramaLman ls always presenL ln Lhe [lvaLman (human soul) Any sense of dlsLlncLlon
beLween Lhe aramaLman and Lhe [lvaLman ls due Lo llluslons and Lhe presence of Lhe ego 1he
Lruly learned rlse above such llluslons 1herefore a wlse person does noL see any dlsLlncLlon
beLween hls own self and oLher ob[ecLs 1he same aramaLman pervades everyLhlng !usL as all
rlvers unlLe wlLh Lhe ocean a learned person reallses LhaL all lndlvlduals [lvaLmans unlLe wlLh Lhe
aramaLman
?oga (llLerally unlon) ls a Lechnlque of medlLaLlon LhaL helps Lo brlng abouL Lhls sense of ldenLlLy
beLween Lhe [lvaLman and Lhe aramaLman ?oga has elghL componenLs 1he flrsL ls ranayama
1hls means Lhe conLrol of ones breaLh 1he breaLh of llfe ls known as prana and ayama means
conLrol 1here are Lhree parLs Lo any ranayama exerclse When Lhe breaLh ls belng exhaled LhaL ls
known as rechaka and Lhe process of lnhalaLlon ls known as puraka When Lhe breaLh ls
nelLher belng lnhaled nor exhaled LhaL ls kumbhaka
1he second componenL of yoga ls praLyahara 1hls connoLes Lhe conLrol of ones senses ?oga
musL always be performed ln a proper posLure and Lhls ls Lhe Lhlrd componenL of asana 1he
fourLh componenL ls called yama 1hls means Lhe pracLlce of nonvlolence LruLhfulness and plLy
1he flfLh componenL ls known as nlyama 1hls encompasses worshlp sLudylng Lhe vedas
cleanllness and medlLaLlon
?oga has a slxLh componenL named dhyana ln Lhls process one con[ures up an lmage of Lhe
aramaLman and medlLaLes conLlnuously on lL 1he process of flxlng Lhls lmage ln ones hearL ls
Lhe sevenLh componenL dharana And Lhe flnal componenL samadhl ls a slLuaLlon where Lhe
lndlvldual reallses Lhe compleLe ldenLlLy beLween Lhe [lvaLman and Lhe aramaLman
8lLuals
1he sacred Lhread (upavlLa) ceremony ls very lmporLanL and musL always be performed aL elghL
year of age 8rahma had creaLed Lhe coLLon Lree so LhaL sacred Lhreads mlghL be made ouL of
coLLon 8uL on occaslons lL ls permlsslble Lo make sacred Lhreads ouL of grass
A guru (Leacher) ls always Lo be respecLed and worshlpped ln prlnclple a guru ls anyone from
whom knowledge mlghL be galned 8uL aparL from usual Leachers a faLherlnlaw a grandfaLher
and an lndlvldual belonglng Lo a superlor varna are also recognlsed as gurus A moLher a
grandmoLher a gurus wlfe an aunL a moLherlnlaw and Lhe wlfe of an elder broLher are
recognlsed as belng equlvalenL Lo a guru Cne musL never show a guru dlsrespecL or argued wlLh
A person who haLes hls guru ls cerLaln Lo go Lo hell
AmongsL gurus or Lhose who are equlvalenL Lo gurus Lhe mosL lmporLanL are a faLher a moLher a
Leacher an elder broLher and a husband 1hese have Lo be respecLfully served aL all cosLs
A brahmana musL always wash hls mouLh afLer eaLlng drlnklng sleeplng baLhlng splLLlng or
changlng cloLhes 1he mouLh musL also be washed before slLLlng down Lo sLudy lL ls also
recommended LhaL Lhe mouLh be washed afLer Lalklng Lo Lhose who do noL belleve ln Lhe vedas
shudras ouLcasLs and women lf a mouLhwash ls noL posslble one can cleanse oneself by
Louchlng a plece of cloLhlng ls Louched lnadverLenLly Lhe acL of purlflcaLlon requlres Lhe Louchlng
of waLer weL grass or Lhe earLh
Cne of Lhe mosL sacred manLras (lncanLaLlons) LhaL one can chanL ls Lhe gayaLrl 8efore chanLlng
LhlrLyLwocells musL be drawn as shown and Lhe leLLers of Lhe manLra musL be wrlLLen down ln
Lhe cells as lndlcaLed 1o reclLe Lhe gayaLrl one now reads Lhe leLLers as Lhey occur ln Lhe
numbered cells 1haL ls one sLarLs wlLh cell number one moves Lo cell number Lwo and so on
and so forLh
3 13 21 29 28 20 12 4
wr sya pra se [a nah va Lu6 14 22 30 27 19 11 3
re dhl cho sa ra yo de vl
7 13 23 31 26 18 10 2
nl ma da va ro yo rgo Lsa
8 16 24 32 23 17 9 1
yam hl yaL dom pa dhl bha La
A person who kllls a brahmana drlnks wlne or sLeals gold from a brahmana has Lo perform
penance by kllllng hlmself A person who kllls a brahmana may also bulld a huL ln Lhe foresL and
llve Lhere for a perlod of Lwelve years 8uL LhroughouL Lhe perlod he has Lo bear a mark
slgnlfylng Lhe dead brahmanas head on hls palm Pe ls also noL permlLLed Lo vlslL anoLher
brahmana or a Lemple as long as Lhe penance ls golng on lL needs Lo be menLloned LhaL Lhe sln of
kllllng a brahmana can be Lhus pardoned only lf Lhe kllllng was done lnadverLenLly lf Lhe kllllng
was consclous no penance wlll sufflce under such clrcumsLances Lhe slnner had besL lmmolaLe
hlmself ln a flre drown hlmself or fasL Lo deaLh
lor oLher slns Lhe observance of a rellglous rlLe (vraLa) ls ofLen lndlcaLed 1he ma[or vraLas are as
follows
(l) SanLapana 1hls lnvolves llvlng for one whole day on cows urlne cowdung cows mllk
curds made from cows mllk and clarlfled buLLer made from cows mllk 1he nexL day ls a day of
fasLlng
(ll) MahasanLapana 1hls ls a more severe verslon of Lhe earller vraLa ln Lhe case of sanLapana
vraLa flve lLems were llsLed as permlsslble food MahasanLapana vraLa lasLs for a perlod of slx
days and on each of Lhese days only one of Lhe flve lLems menLloned may be parLaken of 1he
sevenLh day ls day of fasLlng
(lll) ra[apaLya or krlchha lf Lhls vraLa ls Lo be observed one can eaL only durlng Lhe day lor Lhe
flrsL Lhree days one ls only permlLLed Lo eaL LwenLyslx handfuls of food each handful belng as
large as a hens egg
lor Lhe nexL Lhree days LwenLyLwo handfuls are permlLLed buL only ln Lhe evenlngs And for Lhe
flnal Lhree days LwenLyfour handfuls are permlLLed
(lv) ALlkrlchha 1hls ls a more severe verslon of Lhe earller vraLa lor Lhe flrsL Lhree days a slngle
handful of food ls permlLLed durlng Lhe day lor Lhe nexL Lhree days one handful ls permlLLed ln
Lhe evenlngs Cne handfuls of food each handful belng as large as a hens egg
lor Lhe nexL Lhree days LwenLyLwo handfuls are permlLLed buL only ln Lhe evenlngs And for Lhe
flnal Lhree days Lhreefour handfuls are permlLLed(v) araka 1welve conLlnuous days of fasLlng are
requlred for Lhls
(vl) 1apLakrlchha 1hls vraLa lasLs for a perlod of Lwelve days durlng whlch Llme one ls
permlLLed Lo baLhe only once a day lor Lhe flrsL Lhree days one drlnks only waLer for Lhe nexL
Lhree days one llves on mllk one has Lo llve on clarlfled buLLer for Lhe ensulng Lhree days are
days of fasLlng
(vll) krlchhaLlkrlchha lf one ls Lo observe Lhls vraLa one has Lo llve only on mllk for Lhe space of
LwenLyone days
(vlll) adakrlchha 1hls vraLa lasLs for four days lor Lhe flrsL day one eaLs only one meal Lhe
second day ls a day of fasLlng on Lhe Lhlrd day one can eaL as much as one wanLs and on Lhe
fourLh and flnal day one fasLs
(lx) Chandrayana 1hls vraLa lasLs for an enLlre monLh and beglns on Lhe day of Lhe full moon
(purnlma) Cn Lhe flrsL day flfLeen handfuls are Lo be eaLen 1hereafLer one handfuls less ls eaLen
on successlve days unLll on Lhe day of new moon (amavasya) one fasLs compleLely Cn each day
LhaL follows Lhe amounL of food eaLen ls lncreased by one handful llnally on Lhe day of Lhe nexL
full moon flfLeen handfuls of food are eaLen and Lhe vraLa ls compleLed
As menLloned earller Lhose who klll brahmanas sLeal Lhelr gold or drlnk wlne are slnners Also
slnners are Lhose who assoclaLe wlLh Lhese aforemenLloned slnners for more Lhan one year 1hose
who assoclaLe wlLh ouLcasLs for more Lhan a year are also slnners
A brahmana who drlnks wlne should drlnk bolllng wlne as a penance lL ls also permlLLed Lo
drlnk cows urlne as aLonemenL A person who sLeals gold from brahmanas wlll go Lo Lhe klng
and confess hls gullL Pls penance wlll be compleLed when Lhe klng beaLs hlm Lo deaLh wlLh a
club 1he only excepLlon ls a case where Lhe Lhlef hlmself happens Lo be a brahmana Pe can Lhen
perform penance by medlLaLlng lL ls always a klngs duLy Lo punlsh slnners lf Lhe klng falls ln
Lhls Lask Lhe slns vesL wlLh Lhe klng
A person who assoclaLes wlLh slnners has Lo observe LapLakrlchha vraLa for one year A man who
Lakes on ouLcasL for a wlfe has Lo observe LapLakrlchha or sanLapana A brahmana who kllls a
kshaLrlya ls requlred Lo observe pra[apaLya sanLapana or LapLakrlchha for one year ln case Lhe
vlcLlm ls a valshya krlchhaLlkrlchha or chandrayana are lndlcaLed lf a shudra ls kllled flve
hundred cows have Lo be donaLed lf an elephanL ls kllled LapLakrlchha vraLa has Lo be observed
Chandrayana wlll sufflce lf a cow ls kllled lnadverLenLly 8uL lf a cow ls consclously kllled Lhere
ls no penance LhaL ls adequaLe
lor mlnor LhefLs Lhe sLolen goods have Lo be reLurned Lo Lhe rlghLful owner and sanLapana
observed 8uL lf a brahmana sLeals foodgralns he has Lo observe pra[apaLya for an enLlre year A
cannlbal can purlLy hlmself Lhrough chandrayana vraLa A person who eaLs Lhe meaL of a crow
dog or elephanL has Lo observe LapLakrlchha SanLapana ls for Lhose who happen Lo eaL
mongooses owls or caLs An eaLer of camels or donkeys observes LapLakrlchhaA brahmana who
becomes an aLhelsL can cleanse hlmself Lhrough pra[apaLya lf he revolLs agalnsL
Lhe gods or agalnsL hls guru Lhe acL of purlflcaLlon lnvolves LapLakrlchha A brahmana who
reclLes Lhe uranas Lo ouLcasLs has Lo observe chandrayana
1here are several oLher forms of penance LhaL are caLalogued by Lhe kurma urana
1he SlLa who was an llluslon
lL ls cerLaln LhaL you know Lhe sLory of Lhe 8amayana and you Lherefore also known LhaL 8avana
Lhe klng of Lanka abducLed SlLa 8amas wlfe 8uL you cerLalnly do noL know Lhe sLory of Lhe
SlLa who was an llluslon (maya SlLa)
1hls sLory clearly lllusLraLes LhaL no harm can come Lo a person who ls rlghLeous
8avana dlsgulsed hlmself as a hermlL and came Lo abducL SlLa 8uL SlLa goL Lo know of 8avanas
plan and was deLermlned Lo foll lL She Lherefore began Lo pray Lo Agnl Lhe god of flre
1hus sLlrred by SlLas prayers Agnl appeared and produced a SlLa who was really an llluslon
1hls maya slLa he lefL ln Lhe real SlLas place As for Lhe real SlLa she was absorbed lnLo Lhe flre
WlLhouL reallslng Lhe subsLlLuLlons 8avana abducLed Lhe lllusory SlLa and Lhe enLlre war was
foughL over a SlLa who was noL even real
When 8ama Lrlumphed over 8avana and recovered SlLa a LesL by flre (agnl parlksha) was held
ln Lhe process Lhe SlLa who was an llluslon was reLurned Lo Lhe flre and Lhe real SlLa emerged
once agaln 1hus Lhe real SlLa was never LalnLed by 8avanas Louch
(1he sLory of Lhe SlLa who was an llluslon ls also glven ln Lhe 8rahmavalvarLa urana)
Shlva and 8rahma
Many years ago 8rahma losL hls head sllghLly Pe began Lo lmaglne LhaL he was superlor Lo
Shlva and vlshnu Pe Lold all Lhe sages l am Lhe supreme godhead 1here ls no one else buL
me
Whlle 8rahma was Lhus lnsLrucLlng Lhe sages vlshnu arrlved and was enraged aL 8rahmas
behavlour ?ou are lndeed lgnoranL he Lold 8rahma l am Lhe supreme godhead ?ou are only
Lhe creaLor 8uL l am afLer all Lhe preserver
Whlle vlshnu and 8rahma were Lhus argulng Lhe four vedas adopLed anlmaLe forms and
appeared before Lhem Lach of Lhe vedas Lrled Lo persuade 8rahma and vlshnu LhaL Shlva was
superlor Lo boLh of Lhem vlshnu was persuaded by Lhls reasonlng buL 8rahma was noL
Pe Lold Lhe vedas ?ou musL be [oklng Pow can Shlva be superlor Lo Lhe Lwo of us? Pe ls
always wanderlng around wlLh ghosLs and demons for companlonsWhlle all Lhls was golng on who
should arrlve buL Shlva? 8rahma prompLly proceeded Lo lnsulL
Shlva Shlva Lhen creaLed a belng named kalabhalrava from hls own body and kalabhalrava
sLarLed Lo flghL wlLh 8rahma ln Lhose days 8rahma used Lo have flve heads ln course of Lhe
flghLlng kalabhalrava chopped off one of 8rahmas heads Lver slnce LhaL day 8rahma has had
four heads and four faces
(ln many oLher uranas Lhere ls no menLlon of kalabhalrava Shlva performed Lhe chopplng off
hlmself)
8rahma dled as soon as hls head had been cuL off Shlva dld manage Lo revlve hlm 8uL Lhe mere
facL LhaL Shlva had kllled 8rahma meanL LhaL Shlva and commlLLed Lhe sln of kllllng 8rahma a
brahmana As a resulL of Lhls sln 8rahmas severed head goL sLuck Lo kalabhalravas palm and
would noL be dlslodged (ln accounLs where Shlva was hlmself responslble for Lhe kllllng Lhe
severed head adhered Lo Shlvas palm)
kalabhalrava roamed around Lhe world and Lhe head accompanled hlm on hls Lravels lor a
Lhousand years of Lhe gods kalabhalrava conLlnued Lo Lravel LvenLually vlshnu advlsed
kalabhalrava Lo go Lo Lhe sacred clLy of varanasl
As soon as kalabhalrava arrlved aL Lhe clLy of varanasl Lhe head (kapala) goL dlslodged
(mochana) A LlrLha ls a place of pllgrlmage 1he exacL spoL where Lhls wonderful happenlng
Look place ls accordlngly known as kapalamochana LlrLha
1here are many oLher LlrLhas LhaL Lhe kurma urana descrlbes Among Lhese are rayaga
kuruksheLra Caya and Madhuvana (MaLhura) 1he glorles of Lhe rlver narmada are also
descrlbed 1he waLers of Lhe rlver SarasvaLl purlfy a slnner afLer Lhree days of baLhlng whlle Lhe
waLers of Lhe rlver ?amuna Lakes an enLlre week 1he mere Louch of a drop of waLer from Lhe
rlver Canga purlfles a slnner 8uL as for Lhe rlver narmada Lhe slghL of Lhe waLers alone ls
enough
nandl
1here used Lo be a sage named Shllada Pe was rlghLeous and learned ln Lhe shasLras
1o obLaln a son Shllada began Lo pray Lo Shlva 1he Lapasya wenL on for a Lhousand years and
Shlva appeared before Shllada
l am pleased wlLh your medlLaLlon sald Shlva whaL boon do you deslre?
lease granL me Lhe boon LhaL l may obLaln a son who wlll noL be born from a moLher replled
Shllada And my son should be lmmorLal
Shlva granLed Lhe deslred boonWhen Shllada was ploughlng Lhe land a handsome boy suddenly
appeared on Lhe Lop of hls
plough 1he four dlrecLlons shone wlLh Lhe boys radlance and Lhe boy began Lo address Shllada
as faLher
1he son sLudled Lhe shasLras and became learned Pe was glven Lhe name of nandl
nandl wlshed Lo see Shlva and he also wlshed Lo become lmmorLal Pe Lherefore wenL Lo Lhe
shores of Lhe ocean and sLarLed Lo pray Lo Shlva Pe chanLed Lhe requlred manLra one crore Llmes
When Shlva appeared and wlshed Lo granL a boon nandl sald lease granL me enough of llfe so
LhaL l can chanL Lhe manLra one crore Llmes more
Shlva appeared once agaln and nandl deslred Lhe same boon
When Lhls had happened Lhree Llmes Shlva sald Lnough ls enough 1here ls no need for any
more chanLlng of lncanLaLlons l make you lmmorLal l also make you a ganapaLl lord over Lhe
ganas ?ou wlll be my consLanL companlon
1he place where nandl chanLed Lhe lncanLaLlon has become famous as [apyeshvara LlrLha
1he maruLs had a daughLer named Suyasha Shlva hlmself arranged LhaL nandl should be marrled
Lo Suyasha
Lpllogue
vlshnu compleLed hls reclLal of Lhe kurma urana and Lhe sages saluLed hlm 1hey sung hls
pralse 1he kurma urana ls mosL sacred A person who reads lL aLLalns 8rahmaloka A person
who reads only one chapLer of Lhe LexL ls forglven all hls slns undylng punya ls aLLalned by an
lndlvldual who donaLes Lhls urana Lo brahmanas ln Lhe monLhs of valshakha or karLlka
arLlcularly sacred ls Lhe parL LhaL ls known as Lhe 8rahml SamhlLa
8uL Lhe LexL should never be read or reclLed ln Lhe presence of shudras A person who lgnores Lhls
ln[uncLlon wlll surely go Lo hell 1here ls also a slmllar ln[uncLlon abouL reclLlng Lhe LexL Lo Lhose who are
dlsbellevers (LhaL ls Lhose who do noL belleve ln Lhe vedas) a person who vlolaLes Lhls ln[uncLlon wlll be
born as a dog ln hls nexL llfe
Pome
10 8PACAvA1 u8AnA
CPA1L8 ll8S1
C8LSlSAnCL 1C 1PL Su8LML 8LlnC
We medlLaLe Lo LhaL aramaLma (Supreme 8elng) who ls Lhe eLernal LruLh and who creaLes Lhe
unlverse
holds lL and causes ralaya Pe ls Lhe llghL lndependence and from of knowledge ln hlmself Pe causes
llluslons even for Lhe mosL knowledgeous ones ?eL Pe ls far beyond all Lhe llluslonsln Srlmad 8hagavaL
creaLed by Lhe greaL sage vyasa 1here ls a descrlpLlon of Lhe supreme
rellglon whlch ls free from deslre 1here ls also a descrlpLlon of aramaLmaLaLva (Lhe
meLaphyslcal enLlLy) LhaL every plous people wlLh holy splrlL musL know abouL Srlmad 8hagavaL
ls a dellclous and rellshlng frulL of vedas 8ecause of a Louch of Srl Shukacharyas llps lL ls
lmpregnaLed wlLh bllssful necLar So as long as Lhere ls llfe ln hls body a devoLee keeps on
rellshlng Lhls necLar of dlvlne scrlpLure lL ls easlly avallable rlghL here on Lhe earLh lLself
L8lC8MAnCL Cl !nAnA?AC?A
ln Lhe beglnnlng of Lhe kall ?uga sages llke Shaunak eL al organlzed a vasL !nana ?agya ln Lhe
holy reglon of Lhe nalmlsharanya 1he purpose of Lhe yagya was Lhe beneflL of Lhe common
people and lL was Lo lasL for a mlllennlum 1o quench Lhe splrlLual curloslLy of Lhe sages SuLa
Lhe oraLor of uranas also arrlved Lhere lellclLaLlng hlm Lhe sages asked SuLa C greaL sage
by Lhe grace of vyasa you have learned all Lhe uranas hlsLory rellglon eLc ?ou also know
abouL all Lhe oLher sub[ecLs as well So klndly narraLe Lhe Lale whlch could surely beneflL Lhe
common people so LhaL Lhey Loo can experlence Lhe real splrlLual [oy
leased by Lhe curloslLy of Lhe sages SuLa sald C greaL sages lL ls exLremely ausplclous Lo Lalk
abouL Lord krlshna Cnly by dlscusslng abouL Lhe Cod can Lhe mlnd of Lhe people be freed from
llluslons Love Lhen beglns Lo emerge ln lL for Cod and lL beglns Lo deLach lLself from physlcal
comforL and experlence Lhe bllssful [oy
LC8u vlSPnu 1PL SCu8CL Cl WPCLL C8LA1lCn
urlven by Lhe deslre Lhe Adl urusha (prlmlLlve belng) narayan Look Lhe help of hls rakrlLl
(naLures female creaLlonal force) and generaLed hlmself ln ChaLurbhu[ (fourarmed) from And
from Pls navel appeared Lord 8rahma Lhe creaLor 1haL form of Cod was full of pure LruLh and
from Lhe parLs of Pls body all Lhe Lokas (worlds) goL exLenslon MeLaphyslclsLs saw Lhe Cod
wlLh lnnumerable heads eyes arms and legs 1haL endless eLernal Supreme 8elng was Lhe
source of all Lhe AvaLars (lncarnaLlons) and from Lhe parLs of Pls body was creaLed Cods human
belngs blrds anlmals and all oLher creaLures
lrom Lhe ages LwenLyfour lncarnaLlons of LhaL Supreme belng llke Sanakadl kumar varaha
narada narnarayana kaplla uaLLaLreya 8lshabhdev rlLhu MaLsya kachchhap
uhanvanLarl Mohlnl naraslnha vamana arshurama vyasa Srl 8ama 8alarama krlshna and
8uddha have appeared Lo guard Lhe people and Lo remove Lhe burden from Lhe earLh and Lo save
Lhelr devoLees and genLlemen SuLa says 8lessed are Lhose who have uncondlLlonal love for
Lord vasudev Lhe lord of Lhe unlverse Such people donL fall agaln and agaln ln Lhe cycles of
llfe and deaLh 8hagavaL Mahapurana ls such a scrlpLure ln whlch Lhe greaL sage veda vyasa
descrlbes Lhe holy and plous Lales of Lhe Cod lor Lhe beneflL of Lhe people veda vyasa
complled Lhls greaL scrlpLure Laklng exLracLs of all Lhe vedas and oLher anclenL LreaLlses
8eadlng hearlng or reflecLlng on whlch Lhe human belng lncllnes Lo devoLlon and flnds
salvaLlonShaunk asked When LhaL Lale was complled ln scrlpLural form LhaL was laLer on relaLed by
Shukadeva Where was lL creaLed? lor whaL purpose and by whose lnsplraLlon LhaL scrlpLure was
complled and how dld Shukadeva who was congenlLal wandered came Lo sLudy Lhls scrlpLure
and how he came Lo see Lhe klng arlkshlL? WhaL dlscusslon Look place beLween Lhem?
WhaL SuLa narraLed Lo Lhe sages forms Lhe maln body of Lhe greaL scrlpLure Srlmad 8hagavaL
vLuA v?ASA 1PL A81lAL lnCA8nA1lCn
veda vyasa had appeared ln uwapar ?uga Pe was Lhe son of Maharshl arashar and SaLyawaLl
Lhen known as MaLsyagandha vyasa was a parLlal lncarnaLlon of Lhe Cod veda vyasa effecLed a
dlvlslon of vedas creaLed uranas concepLuallzed hlsLory (MahabharaLaawhlch was acLually
[oLLed down by none oLher Lhan Lord Canesha) Pe also esLabllshed dlfferenL faculLles for
Leachlng hls dlsclples ?eL sLaylng ln hls hermlLage aL Lhe banks of Lhe rlver SaraswaLl he was noL
saLlsfled wlLh hls performance SomeLhlng was sLlll wrlLhlng wlLhln hls hearL Lo come ouL So he
was feelllng upseL and was unable Lo flnd a reason for hls de[ecLlon !usL Lhen uevarshl narada
arrlved Lhere and saw LhaL MahaLma vyasa was upseL As noLhlng was concealed from narada
he Lold hlm Lhe reasons for hls moroseness
narada Lold hlm LhaL Lhough he had creaLed greaL eplcs yeL all of Lhem lack a devoLlonal
descrlpLlon of Cod 1haL was why hls soul was sLlll wrlLhlng narada also suggesLed hlm Lo
descrlbe Lhe glory of Parl or nelLher hls volce nor hls creaLlon would ever geL pure uevarshl
narada Lhen narraLed Lhe Lale of Cod and Lhe glory of Pls devoLees Lo vyasa and sald C greaL
soul look aL Lhe effecL of devoLlon and company of Lhe plous people LhaL l have become uevarshl
from an ordlnary son of a mald
AfLer Lhe deparLure of narada vyasa saL ln medlLaLlon and experlenced Lhe llluslon LhaL caughL
Lhe llfe Pe also experlenced devoLlon 1hus hls fresh experlence led veda vyasa Lo creaLe Lhls
greaL scrlpLure 1he vlrLues of Cod had such a sLrong aLLracLlon LhaL lured by Lhem even selflndulgenL
Shukdevl ran back from Lhe [ungles Lo hls faLher and prayed Lo leL hlm read LhaL
scrlpLure
8ecause of Lhelr llnk wlLh Lord Srl krlshna SuLa narraLes Lhe sLorles of andavas Lhelr heavenly
deparLure coronaLlon of arlkshlL hls all round vlcLorles eLc as per Lhelr sequences ln
MahabharaLa Pe also narraLes Lhe eplsodes of AshwaLLhama Lhe son of Curu urona worshlp of
Cod by kunLl eLc and mlgraLlon of Lord krlshna Lo uwaraka
klnC A8lkSPl1 LnCCun1L8S kALl ?uCA
uurlng hls reglme Lhe klng arlkshlL goL unLoward reporLs LhaL kall ?uga had enLered wlLhln Lhe
llmlLs of hls oLherwlse peaceful klngdom WlLh a huge army arlkshlL aL once seLouL Lo Lhe spoL
where kall ?uga had arrlved Cn Lhe way he saw Lhe rellglon and Lhe earLh ln Lhe gulses of a bull
and a cow respecLlvely 1he cow was ln deaLhllke condlLlon whlle Lhe bull was somehow
dragglng hlmself on one leg only as lLs Lhree legs were broken Pe also saw LhaL a klngllke buL
lmpollLe man was beaLlng Lhem ruLhlessly wlLh a sLlck lrom a dlsLance Lhe klng arlkshlL shouLed aL Lhe
man ?ou scoundrel why are you beaLlng such helpless creaLures ln my
klngdom? Saylng Lhls Lhe klng arlkshlL drew hls sword Lo klll Lhe evll kall 8uL Lhe clever kall
fell aL Lhe feeL of Lhe klng lor kall was now ln Lhe klngs refuge he dld noL klll hlm buL ordered
LhaL belng an asslsLanL of lrrellglous he should aL once leave Lhe klngdom kall Lhen asked C
klng wherever l go l flnd you ready Lo klll me wlLh you bow and arrow ?ou Lell me where
should l go and where should l llve? 1he klng allowed kall Lo llve ln flve Lhlngs gambllng
drlnklng of wlne company of women vlolence and Lhe gold Slnce Lhen kall le Lhe dlspuLe has
had a conLlnuous assoclaLlon wlLh Lhese flve Lhlngs Pence anybody dlslrous of selflmprovemenL musL
avold Lhese flve Lhlngs whlch are governed by kall
klnC A8lkSPl1 ulSPCnC8S SACL SPAMlk
Cne day klng arlkshlL wenL on a hunLlng excurslon 1lll noon he could noL flnd a game Pe
was feellng resLless because of hunger LhlrsL and faLlgue Searchlng waLer and shelLer Lhe klng
reached Lhe hermlLage of Lhe sage Shamlk Shamlk was ln deep medlLaLlon so he dld noL
welcome Lhe klng lor Lhe flrsL Llme Lhe klng arlkshlL grew angry wlLh a 8rahmln As a revenge
and Lo show hls anger he hanged a dead snake around Lhe sages neck
Maharshl Shamlks son Srlngl was also an effluenL person When he came Lo know abouL hls
faLhers lnsulL by Lhe klng arlkshlL he cursed hlm LhaL on Lhe sevenLh day from LhaL momenL
1akshak Lhe naga would blLe Lhe klng for hls vlolaLlon of klngly glory 1here ln Lhe caplLal klng
arlkshlL reallzed hls mlsLake and felL sorry for hls deed 8uL he welcomed Lhe curse
1ransferrlng Lhe klngdom Lo hls son !aname[ay klng arlkshlL reached Lhe banks of Lhe rlver
Canges and saL Lhere on a fasL unLo deaLh very soon all Lhe greaL sages and klngs began Lo
Lhrong Lhere klng arlkshlL welcomed Lhem and begged Lhem Lo reclLe Lhe plays of Cod for hlm
Pe also asked whaL a creaLure oughL Lo do always and whaL were Lhe duLles of Lhose who face an
lmmlnenL deaLh
SPukPAuLvAS A88lvAL
AL LhaL momenL Lhe everwanderlng lndlfferenLnaLured sage Shukadeva also arrlved Lhere Pe
was self lndulgenL and free from Lhe bondages of ashramas (phases of llfe) Pe was Lhen only
slxLeen years old buL appeared qulLe radlanL and graceful
Shukadeva was an honorable flgure even for Lhe sages who had gaLhered Lhere as gusL
Lhemselves klng arlkshlL formally welcomed and worshlped Shukadeva and offered hlm a
comforLable seaL klng arlkshlL Lhen prayed Lo hlm C sage Lord krlshna ls deflnlLely pleased
wlLh me 1haLs why Pe has senL a greaL sage llke you Lo save a wreLched person llke me So C
MahaLma (Lhe greaL soul) klndly remove my doubLs and gulde me regardlng Lhe duLles of a
humanbelng? WhaL should one acqulre and whaL should one drop?
SLCCnu CPA1L8
Srl Shukadeva says C klng ordlnary people llLerally wasLe Lhelr llves ln peLLy maLLers llke
useless dlscusslons worry sleep and feedlng Lhemselves 1hose who wlsh Lo conquer Lhelr fears C
arlkshlL musL llsLen Lo reclLe and remember Lhe Lales LhaL deplcL Lhe plays of Lord Srl
krlshna 1he human blrLh can be successful only lf by any means one has a remembrance of Cod
ln hls lasL momenLs All Lhe scrlpLures also dlcLaLe Lhe same docLrlne
Cne should remember Lhe huge macro as well as mlcro form of Lhe omnlpresenL Cod and musL
noL long for Lhe physlcal ob[ecLs Shukadeva Lhen revealed Lhe klnds of MukLl (salvaLlon) as Lold
ln vedas and sald C klng Lhere ls no oLher way as beneflclal as Lhe means Lo achleve Lhe
affecLlonaLe devoLlon of Lord vasudev Pence every human belng musL ln all clrcumsLances use
hls mlghL ln llsLenlng Lo reclLlng and rememberlng Lhe name of Lord Srl Parl
1hough as per Lhe lnLeresL naLure and Lhe deslres of dlfferenL people and pleased by Lhelr
worshlp many gods obllge Lhelr devoLees wlLhln Lhelr powers 8uL maLerlallzaLlon of mundane
deslres of Lhe lnnocenL people has dlsasLrous consequences Learned people Lherefore wheLher
Lhey have or havenL any deslre worshlp urushaoLLam Cod wlLh fervenL devoLlon
C8LA1lCn Cl 1PL WC8Lu
1he klng arlkshlL felL exLreme pleasure when Shukadeva saLlsfled hls querles Pe Lhen began Lo
feel submerged ln Lhe sLream of 8hagavaL kaLha (Lale of Lhe Cod) Pls selflsh worrles regardlng
hls own beneflLs exlsLed no more Pe lnslsLed agaln C 8rahmln now klndly explaln how does
Lhe Cod creaLe Lhe unlverse ouL of llluslons Pow does Pe preserve Lhe unlverse? Pow does Pe
desLroy lL? AL Lhe lnsLance of Lhe klng Shukadeva conLemplaLed on Lhe Cod and presenLed Lhe
dlalogue of 8rahma and narada LhaL lllusLraLes Lhe MalLreya naLure of Lhe creaLlon
8rahma had preached narada LhaL because of aramaLmas (Supreme 8elng) deslre of creaLlon
Lhls unlverse lnLo exlsLence from Lhe prlmlLlve elemenLs Lord 8rahma also Lold LhaL afLer
creaLlng Lhe unlverse Cod hlmself enLered lL Pence Lhe whole unlverse ls a manlfesLaLlon of
Cods lnflnlLe appearance Pls vlrLues can noL be counLed 8uL Lo show hls presence narayan
Lakes varlous lncarnaLlons and appears on earLh Llme and agaln Merely by llsLenlng Lo varlous
beauLlful and enLlclng plays of Cod Lhe mlnd volce LhoughLs and Lhe soul of a human belng
become holy
arlkshlL agaln puL forLh many new querles regardlng creaLlon Shukadeva relaLed Lhe evenLs llke
emergence of 8raham[l on a loLus LhaL cropped up from Lhe navel of Lord vlshnu slghLlng of
Lord vlshnus abode by Lord 8rahma preachlng of 8hagavaL Lo Lord 8rahma by Lord vlshnu
and uashlakshan (Len characLerlsLlcs) of 8hagavaL eLc
1Pl8u CPA1L8
vluu8A WA8nS uP8l1A8ASP18A
Srl Shukadeva says C arlkshlL vldura deserLed hls homely comforLs and luxurles because he
had Lo proLesL agalnsL ln[usLlce When afLer loslng ln Lhe game of dlce Lhe andavas
successfully passed Lhe perlod of Lhelr exlle and sLay ln gulse and were denled even Lhen of Lhelr
rlghLful share ln Lhe klngdom vldura was summoned for consulLaLlons vldura had Lhen suggesLed
uhrlLrashLra Lhus C klng lf you wlsh Lo save your famlly you please abandon
uuryodhan who ls an embodlmenL of all Lhe evlls Pe ls [ealous of none oLher Lhan Lord krlshna
1haL ls why you are geLLlng dull day by day and looslng your radlance 1hese words lnfurlaLed
uuryodhan so much so LhaL he began Lo abuslvely lnsulL vldura 8uL vldura dldnL mlnd hls
words even Lhough he felL serlously hurL aL hearL AccepLlng hls lnsulL as a play of Cod vldura
sllenLly lefL PasLlnapur and wenL on a pllgrlmage
vluu8A CCMLS 1C knCW A8Cu1 kAu8AvAS
uLS18uC1lCn
1ravelllng Lhrough varlous pllgrlmage places vldura reached rabhas reglon where he goL Lhe
news of LoLal desLrucLlon of Lhe kaurvas 1he news deeply moved hlm ln search of solace he
conLlnued Lo wander from one place of pllgrlmage Lo anoLher place uurlng hls wanderlng when
he reached Lhe banks of Lhe rlver ?amuna vldura meL uddhava Lhe selfless and calm server of
Cod 1hey boLh meL affecLlonaLely and enqulred abouL Lhe wellbelng of each oLher 1hey were
boLh reflecLlng on Lhe plays of Lord krlshna and feellng exLreme [oy vldura had also goL Lhe
news of deparLure of Lord krlshna Lo hls abode and desLrucLlon of ?adavas by flerce lnflghLlngs
So he was exLremely depressed also uddhava Lold hlm LhaL Lord krlshna hlmself had besLowed
Pls grace on hlm and preached 8hagavaL [nana whlch Pe had once preached Lo Lord 8rahma
8y Lhe dlcLaLe of Lord uddhava was golng Lo 8adrlkasharma So he suggesLed vldura Lo see
MalLreya for Lhe meLaphyslcal knowledge for before deparLlng Lo hls abode Lord krlshna had
dlcLaLed hlm (MalLreya) Lo preach 8hagavaL Lo vldura As per Lhe suggesLlon vldura reached
Parldwar and saw Lhe sage MalLreya on Lhe banks of Lhe rlver Canges
1he plous vldura respecLfully greeLed Lhe sage MalLreya and sald C lord Lhe people ln Lhls
world perform varlous acLlons wlLh a deslre Lo have pleasure 8uL nelLher do Lhey geL pleasure
nor ls Lhelr sorrow removed 1helr sorrow lncreases lnsLead WhaL ls good Lhen ls Lhls conLexL?
C greaL among Lhe sages klndly preach me Lhe way Lo peace followlng whlch one meeLs Lhe
Cod who Lhen Lakes abode ln Lhe hearL of hls devoLee and lnsLllls ln hlm Lhe SanLan Cyan (eLernal
knowledge) LhaL leLs Lhe devoLee feel Lhe dlrecL presence of Plm
1hus asked wlLh devoLlon by vldura MahaLma MalLreya lllumlnaLed Lhe glory of Cod and oLher
evenLs llke creaLlon of unlverse by llluslon and orlgln of colossus body and sald no one can
measure Lhe eLernal glory of Cod and Lhe llluslons creaLed by Plm
ln Lhe beglnnlng Cod creaLed Lhe prlmlLlve elemenLs and Lhe flaws assoclaLed wlLh Lhem 1hen he
creaLed Lhe colossus unlverse and enLered lL
uLSC8l1lCn Cl 1Ln WA?S C8LA1lCn 8?
MAl18L?A
1 8y Lhe lnsplraLlon of Cod and because of lmbalance ln plous vlrLues creaLlon of MahaLLaLva
(Lhe soul) was Lhe flrsL (MahaLLaLva Lhe soul)2 lrom MahaLLaLva (Lhe soul) orlglnaLes Ahankar (Lhe ego)
whlch generaLes flve prlmlLlve
elemenLs (Lhe earLh Lhe flre Lhe alr Lhe waLer and Lhe eLher) sense organs and moLor organs
3 Croup of 1anmaLras (Lhe subLle forms of maLLer) LhaL generaLe Lhe flve ma[or elemenLs ls Lhe
Lhlrd creaLlon
4 CreaLlon of organs LhaL have Lhe power of senslng and movlng ls Lhe fourLh creaLlon
3 CreaLlon of Lhe mlnd LhaL governs Lhe senses and was appeared from ego ls Lhe flfLh creaLlon
6 Appearance of mlnd and Lhe llluslons LhaL mlsgulde lL ls Lhe slxLh creaLlon
7 1he above menLloned slx creaLlons are known as naLural creaLlons also CreaLures oLher Lhan
Lhese slx have no power of knowledge Lhey can experlence Lhe Louch only 1hese creaLures llke
Lrees and oLher vegeLables are known as Lhe sevenLh creaLlon
8 LlghLh creaLlon ls of Lhe blrds and anlmals
9 nlnLh creaLlon ls of Lhose human belngs who seek pleasure ln acLlon and luxurles whlch are
lnfacL Lhe cause of sorrow
10 1enLh creaLlon ls of Lhe greaL sages llke SanaLkumar eLc 1hus aL Lhe beglnnlng of Lhe kalpa
Cod Lhe creaLor used 8a[as gunas (royal vlrLues) Lo creaLe hlmself ln Lhe form of Lhe unlverse
MalLreya[l says 1hls whole creaLlon ls a manlfesLaLlon of Lhe plays of Cod 1haL omnlpoLenL
Cod creaLed Lhe unlverse [usL by Pls wlsh and for Lhe sake of Pls play lor Lhe exLenslon of Lhe
creaLlon Lord 8rahma wlshed and creaLe four sons Sanak Sanandan SanaLan and SanaLkumar
1hereafLer wlLh a deslre Lo creaLe world Lord 8rahma ordered Lhem Lo produce populaLlon 8uL
Lord 8rahmas sons had no lnLeresL ln wordlly affalrs Lord 8rahma Lherefore cursed Lhem Lo
remaln ln chlldrens form forever 1hen from Lord 8rahmas eyebrows appeared a baby bluered
ln color 1he baby appeared ln eleven forms and began Lo cry lmmedlaLely afLer hls arrlval Lord
8rahma consoled hlm! uonL cry my son you wlll be named as 8undra So Lhe eleven forms of
Lhe baby came Lo be known as eleven 8undras 8undranls (female 8undra) were also creaLed
lrom 1amas rakrlLl (mallgnanL naLure) 8undra creaLed Lhe ghosLs Lhe spooks Lhe specLres Lhe
devlls lamlas eLc Afrald by Lhelr appearances Lord 8rahma prayed 8udra C Mahadeva
please sLop creaLlng such formldable organlsms 1hey are already enough ln number now you
please underLake penance Lo comforL all Lhe creaLures
1hereafLer Lord 8rahma creaLed Len more sons Marlchl 8hrlgu kraLu ulah ulaLsya Anglra
ALrl vashlshLha uaksha and narada nlne ouL of Lhem Look permlsslon for Lhe creaLlon of Lhelr
offsprlngs buL narada accepLed cellbacy and resolved Lo preach 8hagavaL bhakLl (devoLlon for
Cod)
lor Lhe conLlnuaLlon of Lhe creaLlon Lord hlmself appeared as a female from Lhe lefL hand and as
a male from Lhe rlghL hand of Lord 8rahma 1hose males and females forms were named Manu and
ShaLarupa respecLlvely 1hey were Lhe flrsL ln Lhe whole creaLlon Lo copulaLe and brlng abouL
sexual reproducLlon 1hey begoL Lwo sons rlyvraL and uLLanapad and Lhree daughLers uevhuLl
AkuLl and rasuLl As Lhe prlmlLlve klng Manu was Lhe fosLerer of Lhe earLh 8y Lhen a demon
named Plranyaksh abducLed Lhe earLh and hld lL under Lhe abysslmal depLh of Lhe ocean causlng
worrles for Lord 8rahma lnsLanLly Lord appeared hlmself ln varaha (boar) lncarnaLlon and Lo do
away wlLh Lord 8rahmas worrles Pe aL once enLered Lhe depLh of Lhe ocean and rescued Lhe
earLh on Pls long LeeLh Cn Lhe way Lhe Lord had an encounLer wlLh Plranyaksh and kllled Lhe
demon wlLh Pls wheel
MalLreya says Plranyaksh represenLed anger 1hose who donL wanL Lo dlscharge Lhelr duLles buL
sLlll wlsh Lo llve wlLh all Lhe comforLs are abducLors of oLhers wealLh Such people who
conLlnuously lnLerfere wlLh equal dlsLrlbuLlon of wealLh musL be condemned as Lhe demons
Cn Lhe orlgln of Lhe demons MalLreya crypLlc sald once ulLl Lhe wlfe Maharshl kashyapa
expressed her deslre Lo concelve Maharshl kashyapa Lrled Lo dlsuade her LhaL Llme was noL
sulLable for an ausplclous [ob llke concepLlon 8uL ulLl kepL on lnslsLlng and forced her husband
shamelessly Lo asslsL her ln Lhe process ConsequenLly she concelved durlng Lhe dusk kashyapa[l
cauLloned her you wlll glve blrLh Lo Lhe demons And wlLh Lhe arrlval of Lhe demons ln ulLls
womb naLure began Lo manlfesL herself adversely
1here was Lerror and famlne all around and darkness prevalled even durlng day wlLh sLars
appearlng ln Lhe sky lrlghLened by Lhese manlfesLaLlons Lhe gods asked Lord 8rahma abouL Lhe
reason of all Lhose dlsLurbances Lord 8rahma lnformed Lhem LhaL Lwo demons were Lo Lake blrLh
from ulLl 1hose Lwo demons Lold Lord 8rahma were Lhe Lwo gaLekeepers !ayvl[ay of Lhe
Lords abode Cnce Sanakadl kumar had gone Lo valkunLhdham (Cods abode) Lo see Cod buL
Lhose Lwo gaLekeepers dldnL leL Lhem ln Sanakadl Lrled Lhrlce buL only Lo be sLopped every Llme
by Lhose Lwo gaLekeepers aL Lhe gaLes Pence Sanakadl kumar cursed Lhem Lo Lake blrLh on earLh
as demons 1hose Lwo gaLekeepers of Cods abode !ayvl[ay appeared flrsL as Plranyakashlpu
and Plranyaksha second Llme as 8avana and kumbhkuran and Lhlrd Llme as uunLvakra and
Shlshupal
SACL kA8uAM
ConLlnulng Lhe process of creaLlon 8rahma produced Sage kardam from hls shadow and asked
hlm Lo observe penance flrsL 1hereafLer 8rahma dlcLaLed kardam Lo acqulre physlcal sLrengLh
and Lhe sLrengLh of hls sense and underLake Lhe process of creaLlng hls offsprlngs As per hls
faLhers dlcLaLe kardam observed severe penance leased by hls selfless penance Cod asked
kardam Lo seek a boon karadam sald Lord all Lhe Lhlngs ln Lhe world are ephemeral only
youre eLernal lL wlll be an abuse of Lhe lnLelllgence Lo beg for some ephemeral Lhlng from an
eLernal Cod
Cverwhelmed by kardams plaln words Cod sald ln benedlcLlon Cn Lhe Lhlrd day from now you
wlll be marrled Lo uevhuLl Lhe daughLer of Manu nlne daughLers wlll Lake blrLh ln your home l
wlll myself appear as your son Saylng Lhls Cod dlsappeared As per Lhe boon kardam goL
marrled Lo uevhuLl Lhe daughLer of Manu 1helr formal marrlage was Lhe flrsL of lLs klnd ln Lhe
creaLlon adopLed as a rellglously accepLed means for conLlnuaLlon of llfe uonaLlng Lhelr daughLer
uevhuLl Lo Lhe sage kardam Manu and ShaLarupa reLurned Lo Lhelr abode As MaLa
arvaLl used Lo serve Lord Lord Shlva slmllarly uevhuLl served kardam wlLh dedlcaLlon
Cnce Lhe sage kardam noLlced LhaL uevhuLl has aged and Srlveled by harsh llvlng leased by
her dedlcaLlon kardam asked her Lo seek a boon uevhuLl only begged LhaL Lhere should never be
any leLhargy ln any servlce on her parL Lowards hlm leased agaln by her pure feellngs kardam
provlded her wlLh heavenly luxurles 1ogeLher Lhey en[oyed Lhose luxurles for many years durlng
whlch nlne daughLers were born Lo Lhem All Lhose daughLers symbollsed Lhe navadha 8hakLl
(nlne klnds of devoLlon) and were marrled Lo nlne ra[apaLls llke Marlchl eLc 1hus kala was
marrled Lo Marlchl Anusuya Lo ALrl Shradha Lo Anglra Pavlrbhu Lo ulaLsya CaLl Lo ulah
ShanLl Lo ALharva krlLa Lo kraLu khyaLl Lo 8hrlgu and ArundhaLl was marrled Lo Lhe sage
vashlshLha
LC8u kAlLA
Marrled llfe of kardam and uevhuLl ls a lesson for all Lhe clvlllzed couples of Lhe world Abldlng
Lo Lhe llmlLs of human behavlour ln marrled llfe ls a guaranLee for Lhe wellbelng of Lhe couple
WlLhouL rellglon and morallLy a man ls noL more Lhan an anlmal kardam and uevhuLl followed
sLrlcL rules Lo welcome Lhe arrlval of eLernal Cod 1hus ln due Llme Cod appeared as Lhelr son
WlLh Pls arrlval Lhe gods showered flowers Lord 8rahma alongwlLh hls sons welcomed Lhe Cod
and sald C plous daughLer of Manu Srl Parl has arrlved as your son Pe wlll desLroy Lhe lusL
and llluslon and wlll preach hls own phllosophy Pe wlll be known ln Lhe world as kaplla
Worshlplng Lhe lord kaplla sage kardam sald C lord by your grace lm free now from all Lhe
Lhree obllgaLlons and all my deslres are now granLed WlLh Lhese words kardam Look Lo
asceLlclsm
LC8u kAlLA 8LACPLS ML1AP?SlCAL
knCWLLuCL 1C uLvPu1l
MaLa uevhuLl prayed lord kaplla Lo preach Lhe way for Lhe benefacLlon of Lhe soul whlch ls
aLLached wlLh ephlmeral body Lord sald C moLher AdhayaLma ?oga (splrlLual con[ugaLlon) ls
Lhe maln way of benefacLlon for Lhe human belngs WlLh devoLlon for me soul becomes selfknowlng
1oLal devoLlon of Lhe soul ln my form and vlrLues and llsLenlng my Lales unmlsLakably
show devoLlon 1hls leads Lo an lnseparable rapporL beLween my devoLee and me 1hls ls Lhe
greaLesL benefacLlon for Lhe humans
1he world ls llke an ocean of deaLh and l cause salvaLlon of Lhose who glve up all Lhelr lusLs and
reclLe my name wlLh fervenL devoLlon 1hls whole naLure has dlfferenL forms buL lL ls ephlmeral
and consLanLly changlng lL has LwenLyfour dlvlslonsflve ma[or elemenLs (eLher alr flre waLer
and earLh) flve souls (sound Louch appearance fluld and smell) flve sense organs (eyes nose
ears Longue and skln) flve moLor organs (mouLh hands legs penls and bones) and mlnd
lnLelllgence consclence and ego1haL omnlpresenL urusha (an eplLheL of Cod) volunLarlly accepLed
rakrlLl (an eplLheL for female
force) lrom her varlous vlrLues rakrlLl creaLed varlous creaLures LhaL corresponded exacLly Lo
Lhe vlrLues LhaL caused Lhelr creaLlon ln Lhe mess Lhe manLle LhaL covered Lhe knowledge also
caused llluslon for Lhe !lvaLma (mlcrocosm of omnlpoLenL splrlL) whlch Lhus forgoL hls orlglnal
appearance
1he creaLure Lhen began Lo assume Lhe naLure as a reflecLlon of hls own appearance Lhough she
ls dlfferenL from and opposlLe Lo hlm and hlmself as Lhe doer Such an ego regardlng ones
duLles leads Lo hls enLanglemenL ln Lhe cycles of llfe and deaLh ulfferenLlaLlng beLween Lhe
rakrlLl and urusha and experlenclng Lhelr real appearances respecLlvely lnLrospecLlng sages
have had a slghL of Lhe Supreme 8elng Lhrough Lhelr consclence and achleve Lhe unparrlel
8rahma ada
Lord kaplla says 1hrough Lhe unlon of Lhe sperm and Lhe ovum Lhe human body appears as a
lump ln Lhe womb Pls body forms compleLely wlLhln slx monLhs Sense organs develop
LhereafLer 1wenLy flfLh elemenL Lhe soul Lhen enLers Lhe human body WlLh LhaL Lhe body
beglns Lo experlence hunger and LhlrsL 1hen sufferlng wlLh many klnds of deslres Lhe
mlcrocosm prays me Lo save hlm from Lhe LorLures of sLaylng ln Lhe womb l presenL hlm wlLh a
slghL of me ln hls hearL
lL Lhen Lakes blrLh because of my grace 8uL as soon as lL appears on Lhe earLh Lhe human belng
beglns Lo forgeL me SLlll l presenL hlm wlLh my slghL for Lwo Lo Lhree monLhs more when he
beglns Lo laugh 8uL people arooound hlm Lhlnk LhaL he ls laughlng for hls moLher nobody
remlnds hlm of me ln hls chlldhood ?ouLh of a human belng passes ln fuLlle acLlvlLles ln old
age hls organs begln Lo fall and a human belng flnds hlmself unable Lo reclLe my name 1hus Lhe
whole llfe of a human belng [usL passes ln Lhe llluslon of l me and my and he reaches hls lasL
sLage and beglns Lo reallze hls mlsLake 8uL Lhen lL ls usually Loo laLe for hlm Lo do anyLhlng for
hls benefacLlon lf he has done any good deed ln llfe he may meeL forLune buL wlLhouL a
devoLlon for me no one can be happy Cnly when Lhe soul comes ln my refuge he geLs free from
Lhe bondages of llfe and deaLh
MalLre says C vldura LhereafLer uevhuLl concenLraLed her mlnd ln Lhe dlvlne appearance of Srl
Parl as presenLed by Lord kaplla AL once she goL free from all Lhe sufferlngs She goL a slghL
of Cod ln her consclence and her body Lransformed lnLo a holy rlver 1he place where MaLa
uevhuLl recelved salvaLlon ls sLlll known as Slddhl ada lL ls a renowned place of pllgrlmage
lCu81P CPA1L8
uLSC8l1lCn Cl 1PL CLAnS Cl MAnuS uAuCP1L8S
MalLreya Lhen relaLed Lhe descrlpLlon of Lhe Manus daughLers Manu and ShaLarupa had Lhree
daughLersAkuLl uevhuLl and rasuLl AkuLl was marrled Lo a ra[apaLl named 8uchl 1hey begoL Lwo
chlldren a
son and a daughLer 1he son laLer on came Lo be known as ?agyavaLar of Lord narayana whlle Lhe
daughLer was named uakshalna ln due course ?agya and uakshalna begoL Lwelve sons 1osh raLosh
SanLosh 8hadra ShanLl lndrapaLl ldhm kavl vlbhu Swanh Sudev and 8ochanManus second
daughLer uevhuLl was marrled Lo Lhe sage kardam 1hey begoL nlne daughLers
who were marrled ln due course Lo nlne ra[apaLls Cne of Lhem named kala was marrled Lo
Lhe sage Marlchl 1hey begoL kashyapa and urnlma 1helr offsprlngs comprlse Lodays
populaLlon of Lhe enLlre world CaLl was Lhe wlfe of ulah 1hey begoL Lhree sons karmshreshLha
varlyan and Sahlshnu
leased by Lhe penance of Ansuya and ALrl Lhe 1rldevas (LrlnlLy of 8rahma vlshnu and Lord
Shlva) senL Lhelr parLs as Lhe sons Lo Lhe hermlL couple Among Lhem Chandrama appeared from
8rahmas parL uaLLaLreya from vlshnus parL and sage uurvasa appeared from Lord Shlvas parL
1o Shardha and Anglra were born four daughLers Slmlvall kuhu 8aka and AnumaLl 1hey
begoL Lwo sons also uLaLhya and 8rlhaspaLl Pavlrbhu was marrled Lo ulasLya 1hey begoL Lwo
sons AgasLya and vlshrava ln laLer course sage vlshrava produced ?akshra[ kubera from
ldvlda whlle hls second wlfe keshlnl gave blrLh Lo 8avana kumbhkaran and vlbhlshan
vashlshLha and hls wlfe ArundhaLl begoL seven 8rahmarlshls llke ChlLrakeLu Sage ALharva and
hls wlfe ChlLLl begoL a son 1aponlshLh CeaL sage 8hrlgu and hls wlfe khyaLl begoL Lwo sonsuhaLa and
vldhaLa and a daughLer Srl
Manus Lhlrd daughLer rasuLl was marrled Lo uaksha Lhe son of Lord 8rahma She goL slxLeen
daughLers uaksha marrled LhlrLeen of Lhem Lo uharm Cf Lhe remalnlng Lhree daughLers one was
marrled Lo Agnl one Lo lLrgana and one Lo Lord Lord Shlva Shradha MalLrl uaya ShanLl
1ushLl ushLl krlya unnaLl 8uddhl Medha 1lLlksha Pree and MurLl are Lhe wlves of
uharma Cf Lhese MurLl begoL Lhe sages narnarayan Swaha Lhe wlfe of Agnl begoL Lhree sonsavak
awaman and Shuchl 1wo daughLers were born Lo Swadha Lhe wlfe of lLrganas 1hey
were named uharlnl and vayuna 1hese boLh daughLers were 8rahma vadlnls (expounders of
vedas) SaLl Lhe youngesL daughLer of uaksha and wlfe of Mahadeva however could noL begoL
any offsprlng because she had commlLLed lmmolaLlon ln her youLh as a proLesL agalnsL her
faLhers mlsbehavlour wlLh her husband Mahadeva
MlS8LPAvlCu8 Cl uAkSPA 8A!AA1l Wl1P LC8u
SPlvA
vldura asked MalLreya Lord Shlva ls an ldol of peace Pe has no enemlLy wlLh anyone Pe ls
self lndulgenL Why dld Lhen uaksha ra[apaLl mlsbehave wlLh Plm?
MalLreya sald Cnce a meeLlng of 8rahmavadls (expounders of vedas) was organlzed Along
wlLh all Lhe gods Lord Shlva and 8rahma were also presenL ln Lhe meeLlng 8ecause of belng a
ra[apaLl uaksha was allowed a laLe enLry ln Lhe meeLlng Moreover when uaksha dld arrlve all
Lhe gods excepL 8rahma and Lord Shlva sLood up Lo pay hlm regards Ponor by Lhousands of
gods dld noL please uaksha as much as he felL lnsulLed Lhe by behavlour of Lord Shlva
8rahma was Lhe faLher of uaksha so he dldnL mlnd hls behavlour 8uL seelng Lord Shlva slLLlng
Lhere and noL paylng due respecL Lo hlm uaksha goL angry Pe sald Pe ls llke my dlsclple lve
marrled my daughLer Lo hlm buL he ls uncourLeous and lrrellglous l commlLLed a blunder by marrylng
my daughLer Lo hlm Pe smears ashes of pyre and roams aL Lhe cremaLlon slLes Cnly
Lhe ghosLs are hls companlons 1hus uaksha cursed Lord Shlva May Lhls Lord Shlva noL geL
hls due share along wlLh Lhe Cods ln oblaLlons
nandl Lhe promlnenL among Lord Shlvas servers cursed uaksha ln reLallaLlon May Lhe unwlse
uaksha lose hls mlnd and be llke an anlmal always bound Lo a woman 1hereafLer lndlgnanL
Lord Shlva aL once lefL Lhe meeLlng alongwlLh hls followers 8uL sLlll uaksha dldnL puL Lhe
maLLer aL resL 1o humble Lord Shlva he organlsed a grand yagya named 8arhaspaLl All Lhe
8rahmarlshls devarlshls plLars gods eLc aLLended Lhe yagya alongwlLh Lhelr wlves
lrom her abode on kallash SaLl saw all Lhe gods golng Lhrough alr Lo Lhe grand occaslon She
also learned abouL Lhe grand yagya organlsed by her faLher uaksha CuL of curloslLy she lnslsLed
her husband Lord Lord Shlva C vamdev your faLherlnlaw uaksha ra[apaLl has organlsed a
grand feasL lf you wlsh should we also go Lhere Lo aLLend Lhe feasL l deslre Lo see my beloved
moLher slsLers and oLher relaLlves Lord Shlva replled! C beauLlful Lhough one may go
wlLhouL lnvlLaLlon Lo hls parenLs home may vlslL Leachers and slbllngs 8uL your faLher resenLs
me So lL ls noL good lf we go Lhere unlnvlLed l wlll noL LoleraLe lf he humlllaLes you So you
should noL go Lhere because a humlllaLlon by a near one may cause lmmedlaLe deaLh
ln facL SaLl had a loglcal mlnd whlle Lord Shlva gave more welghLage Lo falLh Lhan loglc
SaLl even had a doubL regardlng Cods lncarnaLlon as Lord 8ama LhaL how could arbrahma
armaLma who ls Lhe faLher of all be a son of any human belng Moreover how could Lhe
Supreme 8elng be ln so much sorrow because of hls wlfes separaLlon Lord Shlva and SaLl
Lherefore had a slghL of Lord 8ama ln exlle Lord Shlva sllenLly saluLed Lord 8amas
appearance whlle SaLl declded Lo glve 8ama a LesL So Laklng a gulse of SlLa SaLl appeared
before 8ama Lord 8ama knew everyLhlng so he regarded her as SaLl Pe also showed her some
of Pls glorles
now SaLl had flrm bellef ln Lord 8ama She reLurned Lo Lord Shlva and gave her verdlcL LhaL
Lord 8ama was lndeed an lncarnaLlon of Lhe Supreme 8elng 8uL Lord Shlva was much
dlsLurbed by SaLl because of her Laklng Lhe gulse of SlLa
Lord Shlva had Lherefore acqulred an lndlfferenL sLance Lowards SaLl 1hus she was feellng
angulshed by Lord Shlvas behavlour Pence she prayed sllenLly C Lord may my body be
desLroyed soon as Lhls body ls noL able Lo serve Lord Shlva
Pence when she heard abouL Lhe grand feasL organlsed by her faLher ln ab[ecL vlolaLlon of her
husbands dlcLaLe SaLl goL ready Lo aLLend Lhe feasL Lord Shlva Loo senL her wlLh a loL of glfLs and
servanLs 1here aL uakshas palace SaLl found LhaL all were lgnorlng her because of her faLhers
fear Lven her slsLers laughed aL her for comlng alone ln all SaLl found noLhlng favourable ln her
faLhers home Cnly her moLher welcomed her LhaL Loo ln lsolaLlon lndlgnanL SaLl wenL sLralghL
Lo Lhe ?agya Mandap (canopy for performlng oblaLlon) and found LhaL no seaL had been alloLLed
Lhere for Lord ShlvaWlLh anger she sald Lven Lhe mere name of Lord Shlva ls enough Lo desLroy all Lhe
slns of Lhe
humans no one can vlolaLe Pls dlcLaLe And you C faLher feel [ealous of such an ausplclous
flgure holy Lord Lord Shlva who ls soul of every llvlng belng l am ashamed of havlng Lhls
body produced from an opponenL of Lord Shlva llke you Saylng Lhese words SaLl Lhrew herself
ln Lhe flames of ?agyagnl (Lhe flre of Lhe ?agya) 1hereafLer Lord Shlvas ganas (servers)
desLroyed Lhe ?agya 1hey beheaded uaksha and dropped hls head ln Lhe alLar CLher gods and
Lhe sages were also punlshed for showlng dlsrespecL for Lord Shlva ulLlmaLely Lord 8rahma
accompanled by Lhe gods wenL Lo kallash and paclfled Lord Shlva AshuLosh Lord Shlva
granLed Lhem a boon Lo carry Lhe ?agya Lo compleLlon
ln her nexL blrLh SaLl was born ln Lhe home of Plmalayas She was named as arvaLl Sober
cool and an ldol of falLh MaLa arvaLl dedlcaLed herself fully Lo Lord Shlva narada gave her a
Lallsman Lo geL Lord Shlva as her husband Lord narayan hlmself requesLed Lord Shlva Lo accepL
arvaLl as hls wlfe Lord Shlva accepLed Lo geL marrled wlLh arvaLl 1hus Lhrough hard penance
MaLa arvaLl goL Lord Shlva as her husband ln due course Lhe ausplclous marrlage of MaLa
arvaLl wlLh Lord Shlva Look place
1ALL Cl uP8uvA
1he selfbegoLLen Manu had Lwo sons rlyvraL and uLLanpad klng uLLanpad had Lwo queensSunlLl and
Suruchl uLLanpad loved Suruchl more Lhan he loved SunlLl So SunlLl was forced Lo
llve ouLslde Lhe royal palace wlLh her son uhruva whlle Suruchl and her son uLLam en[oyed all
Lhe luxurles ln Lhe palace Cnce Lhe klng was playlng wlLh hls soon uLLam who was slLlng ln hls
lap Meanwhlle uhruva Loo arrlved Lhere and began lnslsLlng Lo slL ln hls faLhers lap 8uL for Lhe
fear of Suruchl Lhe klng dld noL Lake uhruva ln hls lap !usL Lhen Suruchl Loo arrlved Lhere
SLruLLlng aL her forLune she rldlculed uhruva 1hough you are also a son of Lhe klng buL you
have no rlghL Lo slL on Lhe Lhrone because you are noL borne Lo me ?ou are Lhe son of queen
SunlLl who ls neglecLed by Lhe klng and now llves llke a mlsLress So your deslre ls hard Lo
accompllsh Lven Lhen lf you wlsh Lo have Lhe Lhrone you begln Lo worshlp Lord narayana and
Lake blrLh Lhrough me by Pls grace and Lhen walL for your chance Lo slL ln Lhe klngs lap
PurL by hls sLepmoLhers harsh words uhruva came Lo hls moLher crylng When SunlLl heard
abouL Lhe lncldence she felL very sorry SLlll wlLh paLlence she consoled her son uhruva C my
son donL wlsh lll for Lhe oLhers 1hose who cause sorrow for oLhers have Lo face Lhe ouLcome
Lhemselves one day ?our sLepmoLher ls rlghL ?ou have been born Lo me Lven Lhen lf you wlsh
Lo be enLhroned llke Lhe prlnce uLLam glve up your [ealousy and sLarL worshlpplng Lord
narayan Lven youre grand faLher Manu and greaL grand faLher Lord 8rahma worshlpped hlm
Cnly Lord narayan can remove your sorrow
MoLhers words shook Lhe consclence of uhruva Pe aL once seL ouL wlLh flrm deLermlnaLlon Lo
please Srl Parl by penance Leavlng Lhe Lown whlle golng ln search of sollLude he meL devarshl
narada ln Lhe way uhruva respecLfully greeLed narada narada lovlngly caressed hls head and
Lrled Lo LesL hls deLermlnaLlon narada Lrled everyLhlng Lo convlnce uhruva Lo send hlm back Lo
hls home buL he falled Lo shake Lhe flrm deLermlnaLlon of Lhe boy 1hen wlLh klndness narada
preached uhruva abouL Lords appearance and gave hlm a manLra 1hus narada performed hls duLy as
Curu and blesslng uhruva he dlsappeared uhruva arrlved
ln Madhuvan and Look a seaL under a kadamba Lree on Lhe bank of Lhe rlver ?amuna 1here he
began Lo reclLe Lhe manLra and medlLaLlon uurlng Lhe flrsL monLh he aLe rooLs and Lubers ln Lhe
second monLh he aLe drled leaves uurlng Lhe Lhlrd monLh he managed wlLh ?amunas waLer
uurlng Lhe fourLh monLh he susLalned hlmself on Lhe alr only uhruva even sLopped breaLhlng
now sLandlng on one leg only he was fully concenLraLed ln Lord vasudev AL Lhe momenL when
uhruva sLopped breaLhlng and concenLraLed ln arbrahma all Lhe Lhree worlds shook wlLh fear
All Lhe gods ran Lo Lhe refuge of Lord 8ecause of sLopplng of breaLh all Lhe organlsms sLood
sLlllAssurlng Lhem noL Lo be afrald Lord arrlved ln Madhuvan Lo see Pls beloved devoLee
uhruva Seelng Lhe Lord Plmself arrlved before hlm uhruvas eyes fllled wlLh Lears Pe sald
C Lord l donL know how Lo worshlp you Lord Louched hls cheek wlLh Pls conch WlLh LhaL
uhruva came Lo reallze Lhe glory of Cod WlLh compleLe devoLlon and folded hands he
worshlped Srl Parl l saluLe Lo such an omnlpoLenL omnlpresenL and all knowlng Lord whose
power ls presenL ln everybody and who enLerlng my hearL revlved my speech leased by hls
prayer Lord sLroked uhruvas head and sald ?our deslre shall maLerlallze AfLer en[oylng your
klngdom you shall come Lo my abode whlch ls far above Lhe SapLrlshls?
1hen by Cods permlsslon uhruva reLurned Lo hls faLhers palace 1here he was glven a grand
welcome Lveryone wanLs Lo be klnd wlLh Lhe one who has Cods grace hls faLher handed hlm
Lhe klngdom of Lhe enLlre earLh Pls broLher uLLam had gone Lo Lhe foresL for hunLlng where Lhe
?akshas kllled hlm lndlgnanL by hls broLhers deaLh uhruva aL once launched an aLLack on Lhe
?akshas 8uL hls grandfaLher consoled hlm LhaL Lhe devoLees of Cod donL long for revenge
1hereafLer uhruva ruled Lhe earLh for a perlod of LhlrLyslx Lhousand years Lven deaLh bowed
before hlm lndeed Lhe devoLees of Cod have no fear of deaLh 1he deaLh fears Lhem on Lhe
conLrary
1ALL Cl 8l1Pu
ln Lhe llneage of Lhe klng uhruva had occurred a klng named Anga Angas wlfe was SumlLa
who was Lhe daughLer of MrlLyadev 1hey had a son named vena who was evll ln naLure When
he grew up and occupled Lhe Lhrone he became a very cruel ruler uay by day hls aLroclLes
lncreased 1hen he began Lo openly lnsulL Lhe greaLmen When hls aLroclLles became
unconLrollable sages kllled hlm by Lhelr curse Lo save Lhe people
1hereafLer Lhe sages churned venas dead body and produced a couple a man and a woman 1he
man was born by Lhe worldpreservlng parL of Lord vlshnu Pe came Lo be known as rlLhu Pe
goL an exLremely preLLy wlfe Archl rlLhu was Lhe Acharya (masLer) of Lord Archan 8hakLl
WlLh hls occupylng Lhe Lhrone Lhe sub[ecLs became rellglous happy and moralabldlng people
LveryLhlng was golng well ln hls klngdom when one day Lhe farmers approached hlm and
complalned C klng Lhe earLh has grown rude She does noL glve us cereals even Lhough we
sow a loL of seeds ln every season She eaLs Lhem all klng rlLhu seL ouL aL once Lo chasLlse Lhe
earLh who ran ln Lhe form of a cow Lo save herself Scoldlng aL her klng rlLhu sald C vasudhu
(earLh) l wlll klll you ?ou have vlolaLed my rule 1he earLh Lhen came Lo hls shelLer and begged
for pardon C klng lL ls noL my faulL my ferLlllLy has ended because of Lhe slns of Lhe klng vena now
lm presenL before you ln Lhe form of a cow now you please explolL me fully Lo make
everybody happy
klng rlLhu resolved Lhen and Lhere Lo perform a hundred Ashvmedh ?agyas Pls nlneLynlne
?agyas compleLed unabaLedly 8uL durlng Lhe hundredLh ?agya lndra kldnapped Lhe horse
decelLfully lndra had hlmself performed one hundred Ashvmedh ?agyas Pe could noL LoleraLe
anybody equallng hlm for Lhen Lhe performer would have equal clalm on lndrasana (Lhe seaL of
lndra)
rlLhus son was vl[lLashva Pe had seen lndra sLeallng Lhe horse decelLfully Pe even chased
lndra for some dlsLance buL lndra Lransformed hlmself lnLo a hermlL Somehow Lhe oblaLlon
compleLed and Cod appeared and asked Lhe klng Lo seek a boon klng rlLhu begged C Lord
my soul remalns unsaLlaLed by your Lales So lf you are pleased wlLh me klndly glve me a
hearlng equal Lo Lhe hearlngs of Len Lhousand ears
Sanakadlks preached knowledge Lo Lhe klng rlLhu 1hereafLer fosLerlng hls sub[ecLs rellglously
klng rlLhu ruled Lhe earLh for Lhousand years uurlng Lhe rule klngs popularlLy spread ln leaps
and bounds AL lasL he goL Lhe supreme poslLlon of god 1hus narraLlng Lhe Lale of rlLhu
MalLreya says Lo vldura Lhose who llsLen Lo Lhls Lale of rlLhu LhaL shows Lhe glory of Cod geL
a sLrong affecLlon for Cod and recelve salvaLlon ulLlmaLely llke rlLhu
lA8LL Cl u8AnA!An
klng rlLhus son was vl[lLashu ln hls llneage laLer on occurred a klng named rachln 8arhl
klng rachln 8arhl had many sons All of Lhem were known as racheLas Lhey were all devoLees
of Cod and had been sunk ln devoLlon slnce Lhelr chlldhood leased by Lhelr devoLlon once Lord
Shlva appeared before Lhem WlLh slmpllclLy racheLas asked C Lord of Lhe lords we have
been worshlpplng narayana how dld you arrlve before us?
Lord Shlva sald 1hose who have devoLlon for narayan are also dear Lo me 1hereafLer Lord
Shlva gave Lhem 8udra CeeL whlch Lhe racheLas conLlnued Lo slng for years lmmersed ln Lhe
waLer
klng rachlnbarhl had a greaL lnLeresL ln oblaLlons LhaL lnvolved sacrlflce Cneday devarshl
narada asked hlm WhaL are you dolng C klng? Mlserles donL end by acLlon alone nor does
one geL supreme [oy 1he anlmals whlch you have sacrlflced for your oblaLlons also feel Lhe paln
glven by you 1hey are all walLlng for you ln Lhe heaven When you go Lhere afLer deaLh Lhey wlll
Lake revenge one by one lrlghLened by Lhese words klng rachlnbarhl Look shelLer aL narada
and sald uevarshl my mlnd ls caughL ln Lhe acLlons ?ou klndly show me Lhe way Lo Lhe
supreme salvaLlon
AL Lhe requesL of Lhe klng narada narraLed hlm Lhe Lale of vlgyaL and AvlgyaL AL Lhe behesL of
AvlgyaL vlgyaL mlgraLed Lo and seLLled ln a beauLlful clLy 1here he meL Lhe queen urana[anl
and goL marrled Lo her Pe was so much lndulged ln sensual pleasures wlLh urana[anl LhaL he
became a woman ln Lhe nexL blrLh As a woman vlgyaL goL marrled ln due course buL was
wldowed soon She wanLed Lo commlL SaLl (selflmmolaLlon) buL people prevenLed herCneday she was
Lravelllng on an elephanL when she spoLLed some swans ln Lhe sky She asked
Lhe mahouL Lo look aL Lhem As soon as Lhe mahouLs aLLenLlon dlverLed Lhe elephanL goL ouL of
conLrol and boLh of Lhem fell on Lhe ground and dled As she was looklng aL Lhe swans aL her lasL
Llme she became a swan ln her nexL blrLh As a swan she reached Lhe lake Manasarovar where
she meL her old frlend AvlgyaL who consoled Lhe swan ?ou are nelLher a man nor a woman We
are boLh swans now ?ou are same as me no dlfferenL from me lL means LhaL Lhere ls no
dlfference beLween Lhe llvlng belngs and Lhe Cod 1here ls only one soul lLs because of nonknowledge
LhaL one sees Lhe Cod and Lhe llvlng belngs dlfferenLly 1hus cauLloned by hls frlend
AvlgyaL vlgyaL reallzed and accepLed hls lncarnaLlon as a swan
8uL Lhe klng rachlnbarhl dldnL geL Lhe meanlng of Lhe splrlLual Lale narada Lhen revealed
Cod ls AvlgyaL whlle mlcrocosm ls vlgyaL AvlgyaL has esLabllshed elghLyfour lakhs clLles and
asked vlgyaL Lo selecL any one of Lhem AfLer sorLlng lakhs of clLles Lhe mlcrocosm selecLs a clLy
llke Lhe human body 1haL clLy has a lake ln Lhe cenLerLhe belly from where Lhe whole clLy ls
conLrolled Agaln lL has nlne gaLesLwo eyes Lwo nosLrlls one mouLh Lwo ears one reproducLlve
organ and one anus lL ls such a hlghway Lreadlng whlch no one reLurns lL has Lwo courLlersmlnd and
ego 1he llvlng belng passes hls llfe caughL beLween Lhem
Cueen urana[anl ls Lhe lnLellecL ln Lhls body 8ecause of Lhls lnLellecL or nonknowledge Lhe
llvlng belng or mlcrocosm beglns Lo feel ln Lerms of l My and Me for hls body and organs
All Lhe Len organs are hls frlends Lhrough whlch Lhe llvlng belng experlences Lhe sensaLlon and
performs acLlon lncllnaLlons of Lhe organs are hls frlends All Lhe flve ranas (breaLhs) are Lhe
flvehooded serpenL LhaL guards Lhe body Cld age ls kal kanya who launches an aLLack on Lhe
clLy (human body) Shoka and Moha (sorrow and aLLachmenL) are Lhe Lwo broLhers of kal kanya
kal kanya ls marrled Lo Chandveg who ls also known as varsh (year) lL has Lhree hundered and
slxLy Candharvas (days of year) 1welve monLhs are hls Lwelve commanders and seven days are
Lhe mlnlsLers 1hey all LogeLher plunder Lhe human body llke Lhe clLy of urana[an 1hus covered
by A[nana (nonknowledge) Lhe llvlng belng whlch has a greaL prlde on hls body vlrLually
wasLes hls llfe sufferlng dlfferenL klnds of palns lrom Lhls mysLlcal preachlng rachlnbarhls
lncllnaLlon for vedlc karmkands (acLlon) and LempLaLlon for mundane luxurles were removed
8y Lhe grace of uevarshl narada Lhe klng goL a percepLlon of Cod and llvlng belng Pe aL once
abdlcaLed hls aLLachmenL for Lhe body and concenLraLed hls mlnd ln Cod
lll1P CPA1L8
1ALL Cl 8l?v8A1A
Pearlng Lhe Lale of racheLas devoLlon and recelvlng Cods grace by Lhem a curloslLy arose ln Lhe mlnd
of Lhe klng arlkshlL abouL selfknowledge and CrlhasLh uharma (duLles of a marrled person) Pe asked
Shukdev C 8rahmln rlyvraL was a supreme devoLee and selflndulgenL Why dld he Lhen llve ln
CrlhasLhl (marrled llfe)? Marrled llfe ls blndlng from all sldes CreaLmen never long for marrled llfe Lven
Lhen Lhe klng rlyuraLa llved a marrled llfe yeL he regularly prayed Lo Cod 1hls ls an lnLrlgulng sub[ecL
for
me klndly remove my doubLs
Seelng arlkshlLs curloslLy and doubLs Srl Shukdev sald C klng you are rlghL LhaL once
recelvlng Cods grace one canL leave lL no aLLachmenL no love remalns ln hlm for llfe 1he
prlnce rlyuraLa was a greaL devoLee of Cod (8hagavaL 8hakLa) 8y Lhe grace of narada he had
lnsLlncLlvely become aware of armarLh LaLva (knowledge LhaL leads Lo salvaLlon) Pe had
dedlcaLed all hls acLlons lnLo Lhe feeL of Lord vasudev 1hus an lnLense lncllnaLlon for
deLachmenL developed ln rlyvraLa slnce hls chlldhood So Lord 8rahma Lrled Lo admonlsh hlm
Son you are Loo young yeL Lo be an asceLlc Slnce Lhe momenL youve acqulred Lhe human body
enemles llke kama (sex) krodh (anger) Moha (affecLlon) Lobh (greed) Mada (ego) MaLsar
([ealousy) eLc have been conLlnuously chaslng lL Were all bound Lo follow Lhe paLh lald down
by Cod We should serve Plm by our acLlon accepLlng our body whlch Lhe Cod has glven Lo us
and Lhe merlLs assoclaLed wlLh lL Pence you flrsL en[oy Lhe luxurles glven by Cod LhereafLer you
wlll be free Lo do whaL you wlsh
1hus as per Lhe dlcLaLe of Lord 8rahma Lhe klng rlyvraLa accepLed Lwo wlves Pls flrsL wlfe
was ra[apaLl vlshwkarmas daughLer 8arhlsmaLl She begoL Len sons Agnldhra ldhm[lhv
?agyabahu Mahavlr MlranyreLa Savan MedhaLlLhl uhrlprlshLh vlLlhoLra and kavl rlyvraLs
second wlfe begoL Lhree sons uLLam 8alwaL and 1amas CuL of Lhese Len sons Lhree became
cellbaLe All Lhe Lhree sons from Lhe second wlfe became Lhe lords of dlfferenL ManvanLaras
uesplLe leadlng marrled llfe Lhe klng remalned an asceLlc ln hls charloL he Lravelled around Lhe
land and dlvlded lL lnLo seven parLs and appolnLed each of hls seven sons as Lhe lord of one
lsland Agnldhra Lhe eldesL son was glven !ambu uweep Pe was marrled Lo an apsara
urvchlLLl She had begoLLen nlne sons who became Lhe ruler of Lhe nlne parLs of !ambu uweep
Merudevl was Lhe wlfe of Agnldhras eldesL son nabhl As a glfL of ?agya Lord had Laken an
lncarnaLlon ln hls home 1haL lncarnaLlon of Lord ls known as 8lshabhdev
1ALL Cl 8PA8A1A
8lshabhdev was marrled Lo !ayanLl Lhe daughLer of lndra !ayanLl gave blrLh Lo one hundred
sons 8haraLa was Lhe eldesL among Lhem 1he youngesL nlne sons became ?ogeshwars LlghLyone sons
accepLed 8rahamlnlsm 8emalnlng nlne broLhers followed Lhelr elder broLher 8haraLa
Cne day 8lshabhdev called a meeLlng of hls sons and preached Lhem abouL Lhe well belng of
human belngs Sons he sald never mlsuse Lhls human body ?ou have goL Lhls human llfe by
greaL luck and Cods grace Pe does noL deserve Lo be called as a frlend Leacher or faLher who
does noL preach hls frlend dlsclple or son abouL Lhe welfare of Lhe self reachlng LhaL
8lshabhdev enLhroned 8haraLa and hlmself deparLed for hls supreme abode
1he klng 8haraLa was a greaL devoLee 8y hls faLhers permlsslon he had marrled Lo anch[am
Lhe daughLer of vlshurupa 1hey begoL flve sons 8haraLa dedlcaLed hls rellglous acLlons Lo Lord
vasudev 1hus by Lhe purlflcaLlon of hls acLlons hls consclence was also purlfled So he
Lransferred Lhe klngdom Lo hls son and hlmself Look an abode ln ulahashrama (hermlLage of
ulaha) on Lhe banks of Lhe rlver Candakl 1here he passed hls Llme ln Lhe worshlp of Cod
Cne flne mornlng when he was performlng llbaLlons ln Lhe rlver a pregnanL uoe arrlved on Lhe
opposlLe bank Lo drlnk waLer AL LhaL Llme a llon roared somewhere ln Lhe foresL behlnd her
lrlghLened by Lhe roar Lhe doe [umped lnLo Lhe rlver Lo save her llfe 8uL Lhe doe losL her llfe ln
Lhe acLlon whlle her foeLus fell ln Lhe rlver
leellng plLy for Lhe fawn 8a[arshl 8haraLa Look lL and began Lo fosLer lL uay by day 8haraLas
affecLlon grew for Lhe fawn Slowly he became lrregular ln hls dally rouLlne 8uL 8haraLa loved Lhe fawn
more Lhan hls rouLlne When Lhe fawn grew lnLo a deer by lLs naLural lnsLlncL lL [olned
lLs maLes Cn hls reLurn 8haraLa dld noL flnd Lhe deer and grew so resLless LhaL he dled ouL of
depresslon As hls mlnd was flxed on Lhe deer aL deaLh he was born ln hls nexL blrLh as a deer
8haraLa was a prudenL man 8uL affecLlon dld noL spare even hlm
WhaL would be Lhe faLe of common people Lhen? 1hey are easy LargeLs of Lhe feellngs and are
more vulnerable Lo fall prey Lo aLLachmenL and affecLlon When a derangemenL occurs ln Lhe
lnLellecL of man he beglns Lo conducL lrrellglously buL Lhlnks LhaL hls behavlour ls rellglous
8eallzlng hls mlsLake 8haraLa as a deer came Lo hls hermlLage and once agaln began hls
penance before Cod Lven ln deer lncarnaLlon 8haraLa had a sLrong feellng of deLachmenL
When 8haraLas deer lncarnaLlon ended he Look hls nexL blrLh ln a 8rahmlns home SomeLlme
afLer Lhe blrLh hls moLher dled 8y Cods grace 8haraLa had remembrance of hls prevlous blrLh
So he always remalned lmmersed ln reflecLlon on Parl (Cod) 1o avold aLLenLlon he posed
hlmself as an lnsane sLupld bllnd and deaf person Lven hls broLhers neglecLed hlm seelng hls
lnerLla now he was free Lo wander aL wlll Pe was saLlsfled wlLh whaL he goL and dolng menlal
[obs
uurlng LhaL perlod a Lhlef who had no son wanLed Lo offer a humansacrlflce Lo 8hadrakall ln
deslre of a son Searchlng a rlghL person for Lhe sacrlflce hls men found and caughL !ada8haraLa
(ln 8rahmln lncarnaLlon 8haraLa was known by Lhls name because of hls lnacLlvlLy) who was
guardlng hls farms Lhen !ada 8haraLa remalned qulLe lndlfferenL and dld noL even reslsL hls
kldnapplng 1he Lhleves Look hlm lnLo Lhe Lemple 1here as soon as Lhe chlef of Lhe Lhleves ralsed
hls sword Lo klll !ada 8haraLa 8hadrakall appeared from Lhe ldol and beheaded all Lhe Lhleves lL
shows LhaL one has Lo bear Lhe frulL hlmself of Lhe crlme commlLLed 8uL !ada 8haraLa dld noL
experlence Lhls and remalned qulLe unmoved as before
ln anoLher lncldence Lhe klng 8ahugana of Slndhu was rldlng a palanquln Lo Lhe hermlLage of Lhe
sage kaplla Cn Lhe way he fell shorL for one kahar (carrler of Lhe palanquln) Pls men found
!ada 8haraLa who was wanderlng nearby and yoked hlm also ln carrylng Lhe palanquln !ada
8haraLa was walklng cauLlously so as noL Lo Lread on even llLLle creaLures Pence Lhe klng was
geLLlng [erks and a bumpy rlde Pe scolded aL Lhe kahars 1he kahars lnformed hlm LhaL Lhe new
recrulL was causlng hlm Lhose [erks 1he klng 8ahungana Lhen scolded aL !ada 8haraLa Pey are
you so frall LhaL you canL balance Lhe palanquln properly uonL you know LhaL your masLer ls
rldlng ln lL? WalL lll Leach you a lesson
!ada 8haraLa sLood fearlessly 1he klng was sLunned Lo see hlm lL was Lhen LhaL !ada 8haraLa
opened hls mouLh Lo uLLer ls flrsL words Pe felL LhaL he had carrled Lhe klng on hls shoulders and
Lhough Lhe klng was a haughLy man buL my llfe wlll be a sheer wasLage lf l donL preach Lhe
klng a way Lo salvaLlon So wlLh a deslre of beneflLlng Lhe klng !ada 8haraLa sald C klng llfe
and deaLh sLrengLh and weakness are Lhe vlrLues of Lhe body 8uL Lhe soul ls slnless l have puL all
my burden on Lhe shoulders of Lhe Cod ?ou Loo have greaL burden on your head Lord of
everyone ls one Lven your senses are noL ln your conLrol how Lhen wlll you conLrol your
sub[ecLs? C klng only knowledge ls Lhe form of Lhe soul 8y knowledge alone you can recognlze
Lhe soul unlon wlLh one homogenous and holy Supreme 8elng ls Lhe Lrue lnLrospecLlon 8uL as
long as you donL bear Lhe dusL of greaL mens feeL on your head you wlll noL recognlze Lhe CodPearlng
Lhese words Lhe klng 8ahungana fell aL Lhe feeL of !ada 8haraLa and begged hls pardon
!ada 8haraLa Lhen preached Lhe klng abouL Lhe meLaphyslcal knowledge LlsLenlng Lo Lhe Lales of
Lhe Cod conLlnuously ls Lhe only way Lo concenLraLe ones mlnd ln Srl Parl ln my prevlous blrLh
l was Lhe klng of 8haraLavarsh 8uL because of my aLLachmenL for a deer l was devlaLed from Lhe
paLh of supreme knowledge Pence l had Lo Lake blrLh ln deer form 8uL by Lhe grace of Lord
krlshna memory of my prevlous blrLh perslsLed ln a deer lncarnaLlon also So ln my presenL blrLh
l prefer Lo sLay away from Lhe people and wander secreLly So from now on drop your
aLLachmenLs and sLarL reclLlng Cods name 8y Lhe vlrLues of Pls Lale alone you wlll easlly geL
Plm C klng Lhe body ls llke a merchanL who ls roamlng on Lhe earLh borrowlng Lhls wealLh of
age lL has losL lLs wealLh ln useless worldly affalrs Cneday arrow of Lhe kal wlll snaLch
everyLhlng from lL So Lhe human belng musL uLlllse Lhelr lnvaluable momenLs ln Lhe Lralnlng of
Lhe supreme knowledge
uLSC8l1lCn Cl 1PL Lx1Ln1 Cl 1PL LAnuMASS
Pearlng Lhe Lale of Lhe klng rlyvraLs llneage arlkshlL asked Shukdev C greaL sage whaL ls
Lhe expanse of Lhe landmass? l wlsh Lo hear a descrlpLlon of lL alongwlLh lLs lslands because Lhls
world ls a Langlble ldol of Cod alongwlLh hls vlrLues Pence knowlng lL lnLanglble lnflnlLeslmal
form of Cod can also be known
Shukdev sald C klng llluslons creaLed by Cod are so vasL LhaL nobody can flnd Lhelr end
1herefore l wlll descrlbe maln feaLures of Lhe world wlLh Lhe help of name appearance exLenL
and sympLoms klng rlyvraLa has dlvlded Lhe earLh lnLo seven lslands 1hese lslands are
(1)!ambudweep (2)lukshdweep (3)Shalmalldweep (4)kushdweep (3)kronchdweep
(6)Shakdweep and (7)ushkardweep All Lhese lslands are surrounded by seven seas whlch
comprlse of sallne waLer sugarcane [ulces and wlne ghee mllk whay and sweeL waLer
respecLlvely LxLenL of each lsland ls double Lhan LhaL of lLs precedlng one
!ambudweep Shukdev says SlLuaLed ln Lhe cenLer of Lhe world ls !ambudweep lL has an
exLenL of one lakh ?o[an lL has a round shape llke a loLus leaf lL has nlne zones each wlLh an
exLenL of nlne Lhousand ?o[an 1hese zones are called varsh LlghL mounLaln ranges mark Lhe
boundarles of Lhese varsh whlch are arranged ln clrcular fashlon AL Lhe cenLer of Lhe varsh ls
Lhe LenLh varsh named lllavrlL ln Lhe cenLer of lllavrlL ls Meru names of oLher nlne varsh are
klnurusha Parlvarsh kamyak Plranmaya kuru 8hadrashwa keLumal and 8haraLa Such as
Lhe mounL Meru ls surrounded by !amudweep slmllarly !amudweep ls surrounded by a vasL sea
8ecause of a ma[orlLy of !amun (black berry) Lrees Lhls lsland ls named as !ambudweep
lukshdweep As Lhere ls a huge !amun (black berry) Lree LhaL ls eleven hundred ?o[an hlgh ln
!ambhudweep slmllarly Lhere are lnnumerable luksh (akurllcus plncLorla) Lrees ln
lukshdweep hence lLs name Agnl (flre) ls Lhe venerable Cod ln Lhls lsland rlyvraLas son
klng ldhm[lhv was Lhe ruler of Lhls lsland Pe dlvlded lL lnLo seven parLs and made hls seven
sons Lhe ruler of Lhese dlvlslons 1hese seven dlvlslons were named Shlv ?avas Subhadra
ShanL kshem AmrlL and Abhay 1hese dlvlslons have seven mounLalns and seven rlvers
lukshdweep has an exLenL of Lwo lakh ?o[ans lL ls surrounded by an ocean of sugarcane
[ulceShalmalldweep !usL double ln exLenL Lhan lukshddweep ls Shalmalldweep lL has a ma[orlLy
of Shalmall (sllk coLLon) Lrees whlch comprlse Lhe abode of Caruda Lhe klng of Lhe blrds
rlyvraLas son ?agyabahu was Lhe ruler of Lhls lsland Pe Loo made seven dlvlslons ln Lhe lsland
as per hls sons Surocham uevvarsh arlbhadra 8amanak Saumanasya Apyayan and AvlgyaL
1hls lsland Loo has seven mounLalns and seven rlvers lour classes of people lnhablLe Lhls lsland
1hey worshlp vedmay Chandrama (Lhe moon wlLh vedas) 1hls lsland ls surrounded by a sea of
wlne
kushdweep 1hls lsland ls surrounded by a sea of Lhe Chee lL has an exLenL of elghL ?o[ans
and a ma[orlLy of kush shrubs lrom Lhe llghL of Lhelr Llps kush shrubs lllumlnaLe Lhls lsland
rlyvraLas son PlranyaraLa was Lhe ruler of Lhls lsland ulvldlng Lhe lsland lnLo seven dlvlslons
he Loo appolnLed hls seven sons as Lhe ruler of each of Lhese dlvlslons 1hese dlvlslons are vasu
vasuddana urlrhruchl nabhlgupLa SLuLyavraLa vlvlkL and vamaddev eople of kushdweep
worshlp Lhe flre
kraunchdweep WlLh an exLenL of slxLeen lakh ?o[an kraunchdweep ls surrounded by Lhe sea
of mllk 1here ls a glganLlc mounLaln named kraunch on Lhe dweep AfLer Lhls mounLaln Lhe
lsland ls known as kraunchdweep rlyvraLas son klng ChrlLprlshLha was Lhe ruler of Lhls
lsland Pe Loo dlvlded Lhe lsland lnLo seven dlvlslons and dlsLrlbuLed Lhem beLween hls seven
sons one Lo each son 1he names of Lhese seven sons are Am Madhuruh MeghprlshLh
Sudhama Mra[lshLh LohlLarn and vanaspaLl lnhablLanLs of Lhe lsland worshlp varunadev
(nepLune) Lhe lord of waLer
Shakadweep Surrounded by Lhe sea of whey ls Shakadweep wlLh an exLenL of LhlrLyLwo lakh
?o[ans lL has a huge Lree of Shaka hence lLs name WlLh a sweeL fragrance of Lhls Lree Lhe
whole lsland emlLs a pleasanL scenL 1he ruler of Lhls lsland MedhaLlLhl was also a son of
rlyvraLa Pe Loo had seven sons uro[av Mano[av awamana uhumranlk ChlLraref 8ahurup
and vlshwdhar 1hey were made Lhe rulers of Lhe seven dlvlslons of Lhe lsland eople of Lhe
lsland use ranayama Lo weaken Lhelr 8a[oguna and 1amoguna and worshlp Parl (vlshnu) ln
vayu (form) Lhrough medlLaLlon
ushkardweep ushkardweep has an exLenL of slxLyfour ?o[ans lL ls surrounded by a sea of
sweeL waLer 1here ls presenL a huge loLus flower wlLh a mllllon golden peLals 1hls loLus ls
regarded as a seaL of 8rahma rlyvraLas son vlLlhoLra was Lhe ruler of Lhls lsland Pe dlvlded
Lhe lsland lnLo Lwo dlvlslons and made hls sons 8amanak and uhaLakl Lhe rulers of Lhese
dlvlslons lnhablLanLs of Lhls lsland worshlp 8rahma appearance of Srl Parl (vlshnu)
Slx1P CPA1L8
1ALL Cl A!AMlL
1he klng arlkshlL requesLed Shukdev C preacher so far you have relaLed abouL Lhe way how
Lo overcome aLLachmenL for wordlly Lhlngs lnadverLenLly Lhe lllvlng belngs commlL some klnds
of slns or crlmes C greaL soul now klndly Lell me Lhe way by whlch humans can geL rld
Lhemselves of Lhe LorLures Lhey are supposed Lo be sub[ecLed Lo ln Lhe hells Shukdev sald A slnner ls
sure Lo be LorLured ln hell unless and unLll he had observed penance
for hls slns ln hls presenL blrLh 8uL even penance ls no guaranLee of hls salvaLlon lf Lhe person
lndulges agaln ln slns LhereafLer lL ls all because of lgnorance LhaL deslres Lo commlL sln does
noL end SplrlLual ways are LhereafLer necessary AdopLlng splrlLual ways llke penance cellbacy
LranqulllLy selfresLralnL abdlcaLlon LruLhfulness hollness resLralnL of passlons and dlsclpllne
even Lhe mosL serlous slns are desLroyed AlLernaLlvely Laklng refuge aL Lhe Cod or developlng a
devoLlon for Plm all Lhe slns can be desLroyed C arlkshlL such a sancLlflcaLlon of Lhe slnner as
achleved by dedlcaLlon Lo Cod ls rare even by observlng penance
Shukdev narraLed Lhe Lale LhaL was once relaLed by Munl AgasLya ln Lhe Lown of kannau[ llved
a 8rahmln named A[amll Pe had marrled Lo hls mlsLress 8elng wlLh an unchasLe woman hls
8rahmlnlcal vlrLues had been desLroyed now A[amll earned hls llvlng noL by performlng holy
Lasks buL lnsLead he resLored Lo peLLy Lrlcks llke plunderlng decelvlng and even kllllng people Lo
feed hls famlly
Cnce a group of MahaLmas (asceLlcs) came Lo Lhe Lown eople greeLed and offered Lhem wlLh
edlble lLems 8uL Lhe asceLlcs refused Lo accepL anyLhlng 1hey sald LhaL Lhey would accepL Lhe
food only from Lhe household where holy food ls cooked for Lhe Lord lrrlLaLed people showed
Lhe asceLlcs Lhe way Lo A[amlls home lrom A[amll Lhe asceLlcs accepLed Lhe alms and
Lhemselves cooked Lhe food and offered lL Lo Cod and aLe Lhemselves now Lhe hearL of A[amll
and hls wlfe were fllled wlLh explaLlon
1he asceLlcs wlshed Lo cause some beneflL for A[amll 1hey sald Lo hlm lf you geL a son now
please name hlm narayana AsceLlcs words dld maLerlallze and A[amll goL one more son Lhe
LenLh one As per asceLlcs advlce A[amll named hlm narayana 8elng Lhe youngesL son
narayana was very dear Lo A[amll Pe used Lo remember narayana always LveryLhlng was
passlng as usual when Lhe Llme of A[amlls deparLure arrlved suddenly one day ?amaduLas
(agenLs of ?amaLhe Cod of deaLh) began Lo Lake hlm for hls lasL [ourney noL seelng hls
youngesL son narayana before hlm A[amll began Lo call ouL loudly narayananarayana
Pearlng Lhe calls servers of Lord vlshnu Loo arrlved Lhere and challenged ?amaduLas 1he
frlghLened ?amaduLas sald We are Lhe servanLs of uharmra[ Why are you sLopplng us?
Servers of Lord vlshnu sald lf you are Lhe servanLs of uharmara[ deflne uharma (rellglon)
Lhen ?amaduLas sald AcLlons dlcLaLed by vedas are uharma (rellglon) ln Lrue sense and Lhe
acLlons forbldden by vedas are Adharma (lrrellglous) and veda ls narayana Plmself
1he servers sald ?oure unaware of aram uharma (Supreme rellglon) 1hls slnner has called
ouL Lhe name of Cod so hls slns from Lhe pasL crores of blrLhs have been washed away now he
ls no more a slnner Wlse men say LhaL reclLaLlon of Cods name by any means as a name of
someone else ln derlslon or derogaLlon auLomaLlcally does away wlLh all Lhe slns 1hls ls Lhe
bounLy of Cods name LhaL a mere remembrance of lL wheLher wlLLlngly or unwlLLlngly does
desLroy all slns Pearlng Lhls dlalogue A[amll awakened as lf from a long slumber
?amduLas had reLurned Lo ?amaloka by Lhen 8uL Lhe ab[ecL slnner A[amll had recovered from
Lhe snare of deaLh WlLhouL loslng a momenL A[amll wenL Lo Lhe banks of Lhe Canges 1here drlnklng
Lhe holy waLer of Lhe Canges he lefL hls body and wenL and found a place ln valkunLh
LokaLhe abode of Lord vlshnu
ulALCCuL Cl ?AMA Anu ?AMAuu1S
Shukdev says arlkshlL when Lhe servers of Lord vlshnu falled Lhe aLLempL of ?amaduLas Lhey
reLurned Lo ?amaloka and complalned ?ama abouL Lhe evenL C ?amadev we had so far
known LhaL you are Lhe sole auLhorlLy of punlshlng Lhe people as per Lhelr deeds no body had
dared so far Lo vlolaLe your rule 8uL Loday Lhose four servers of Lord vlshnu openly caused
vlolaLlon of your dlcLaLe ?amara[a sllenLly prayed Lord vlshnu and sald Lord narayana ls
Lhe Lord of all llvlng Lhlngs Pe ls Lhe Lord of me also and l myself keep an accounL of Lhe slns
and plous deeds of Lhe llvlng belngs by Pls order only All Lhe Cods ulgpals (guardlan of Lhe
dlrecLlon) Shlva and 8rahma eLc all of Lhem follow Pls dlcLaLes1he greaLesL duLy of all Lhe
llvlng belngs ls LhaL Lhey should achleve a dedlcaLed devoLlon for Lhe Lord Sons [usL look aL Lhe
bounLy of Lord LhaL even Lhe slnner llke A[amll escaped Lhe noose of deaLh slmply by calllng ouL
Lhe names of Lhe Cod [usL once So from now on you never go near Lhose people who are
reclLlng Lords name or are hls devoLees 8rlng only Lhe slnners Lo me
8l81P Cl uAkSPA l8CM 8ACPL1AS
Shukdev says 1en sons of Lhe klng rachlnbarhl were known as racheLas 1hey observed
severe penance under Lhe sea When Lhey reemerged Chandra (Lhe moonLhe ruler of Lhe
vegeLaLlon) calmed Lhem and presenLed a beauLlful daughLer of Lhe apsara rabhlocha Lo Lhem as
Lhelr wlfe lrom her racheLas begoL pracheLas uaksha ln due course Lhe sub[ecL of uaksha
spread all over Lhe world and populaLed far off places uaksha creaLed flrsL of all Lhe gods Lhe
demons and Lhe human belngs who lnhablLed Lhe heaven Lhe earLh and Lhe waLers respecLlvely
8uL uaksha was noL sLlll saLlsfled Pe Lherefore wenL Lo vlnddhyachal and sLarLed a severe
penance Lhere leased by hls penance Cod appeared before hlm 8y Lhe permlsslon of Cod
uaksha ra[apaLl marrled wlLh Ashlnkl Lhe daughLer of anchama ra[apaLl lrom Ashlnkl
uaksha goL Len Lhousand sons named Paryashva ln due course uaksha asked hls sons Lo
reproduce 8uL lnsLead of reproduclng Lhey all reached narayana Sarovar on Lhe banks of Lhe
rlver Slndhu (lndus) Lo a place of pllgrlmage begulled by Lhe preachlng of narada abouL
8hagavaL uharma uaksha agaln produced one Lhousand sons named Shavlashva and asked Lhem
Lo reproduce 8uL Lhey Loo followed Lhe fooLsLeps of Lhelr elder broLhers and Look no lnLeresL ln
worldly affalrs narada preached Lhem also abouL 8hagavaL uharma
When uaksha came Lo reallze LhaL narada had converLed hls sons lnLo asceLlcs by hls preachlng
he angrlly cursed narada Lo be a wanderer forever wlLh nowhere a place Lo sLay on narada
accepLed uakshas curse and blessed hlm wlLh a boon Lo have slxLy daughLers for Lhe conLlnuaLlon
of hls sub[ecL 8y Lhe vlrLue of Lhe boon slxLy daughLers were born ln Lhe home of uaksha ln due
course When Lhey grew up uaksha goL Len of Lhem marrled Lo uharma 1hen Len Lo kashyapa
LwenLyseven Lo Chandrama Lwo Lo Anglra and krlshashva each and remalnlng four daughLers
were marrled Lo a kashyapa named 1arkshya 1he enLlre world came Lo be populaLed by Lhe
offsprlngs of Lhese slxLy daughLers of uaksha Shukdev says arlkshlL Lhe names of uharmas Len wlves
were 8hanu Lamba kakubhl !aml
vlshwas Sadhya MaruLvaLl vasu MuhurLa and Sankalpa uakshas daughLers Sarupa and
8hooLa were Lhe wlves of 8hooL Sarupa begoL uncounLable 8udragans eleven of Lhem are
promlnenL 8hooLs second wlfe 8hooLa gave blrLh Lo formldable spooks and Canas llke vlnayak
eLc Anglras flrsL wlfe Swadha gave blrLh Lo plLragans whlle hls second wlfe SaLl accepLed a
vedALharvanlgra as her son krlshashvas wlfe Archl begoL uhumrakesh whlle uhlshanakrlshashvas
second wlfe gave blrLh Lo four sons vedshlra ueval vayun and Manu kashyapa
named 1arkshya had four wlves vlnaLa kadru aLangl and ?amlnl 8lrds were born Lo aLangl
whlle ?amlnl gave blrLh Lo moLhs vlnaLas son ls Caruda who ls Lhe vehlcle of Lord vlshnu
Arun was her second son who became Lhe charloLeer of surya nagas (snakes) were born Lo
kadru
1wenLyseven daughLers of uaksha were marrled Lo Chandrama (Lhe moon) 1hese are Lhe
LwenLyseven nakshaLras llke krlLlka eLc 8uL Chandrama had parLlcular love for 8ohlnl so he
goL Luberculosls and hence could noL produce a chlld names of kashyapas LhlrLeen wlves are
AdlLl ulLl uanu kashLha Arlha Surasa llla Munl krodh varsha 1amra Surabhl Sarama
and 1lml 1hese are Lhe moLhers of Lhe whole world All Lhe gods demons anlmals glanLs eLc
were born Lo Lhem
lnSuL1 Cl 88lPASA1l 8? 1PL CCuS
Shukdev says C arlkshlL lndra had become very haughLy by Lhe luxurles he recelved as Lhe
klng of Lhe gods Cne day uevra[ lndra was slLLlng on hls Lhrone alongwlLh hls queen Shachl
Pls courL was full of courLlers lorLynlne Marudganas elghL vasus eleven 8udras AdlLya
8lbhuganas vlshvedev Shadhyaganas and boLh Ashwlnl kumaras were presenL ln Lhe courL
Croups of Slddhas Charaus Candhavas vldyadhars apsaras klnnars nagas eLc were slnglng
ln hls pralse and programs of dance and muslc was on Acharya 8rlhaspaLl Lhe revered Leacher
of Lhe gods arrlved Lhere 8uL desplLe havlng seen hlm lndra dld noL show any respecL for
8rlhaspaLl lndlgnanL 8rlhaspaLl he aL once deserLed uevaloka (Lhe abode of Lhe gods)
When Acharya 8rlhaspaLl had gone lndra reallzed hls mlsLake Pe aL once launched an exLenslve
search for Curu 8rlhaspaLl 8uL no one could locaLe 8rlhaspaLl leellng of lnsecurlLy ln Lhe
absence of Lhelr Curu sLrongly aglLaLed Lhe gods Cn Lhe oLher hand when Lhe demons came Lo
know abouL 8rlhaspaLls mlsslng Lhey began Lo lnLlmldaLe Lhe gods 8y Lhe permlsslon of Lhelr
Leacher Shukracharya Lhe demons launched an aLLack on Lhe uevaloka leellng sad by Lhe
plLlable sLaLe of Lhe gods
lndra wenL Lo Lhe refuge of Lhe 8rahma who Lold Lhe gods LhaL Lhey were sufferlng because of
Lhelr wrong pollcles and dlsregardlng Lhelr learned Curu 8rahma also Lold Lhe gods LhaL Lhe
demons had sLrengLhened Lhelr poslLlon because of Lhelr loyalLy Lo Lhelr Leacher Shukarcharya
8rahma advlsed Lhe gods Lo requesL vlshwarup Lhe son of Lhe sage 1vashLa Lo become Lhelr
Leacher Pe ls a sound scholar of vedas greaL asceLlc and absLenLlous person Servlng hlm
8rahma sald ?ou wlll be free from all Lhe crlsls lollowlng 8rahmas advlce Lhe gods made
vlshwarup Lhelr Leacher by requesL AsceLlc vlshwarup used hls valshnavl vldya Lo annlhllaLe
Lhe wealLh and power of Lhe demons and endowed lndra wlLh Lhose powers vlshwarup also preached
lndra abouL Lhe lnfalllble valshnavl vldya 1hus securlng hlmself under Lhe shleld of
Lhls knowledge lndra defeaLed all Lhe demonlc forces
reachlng of narayana kavach (shleld) Lo lndra by
vlshwrup
1he klng arlkshlL asked C Lord klndly relaLe Lo me Lhe knowledge (valshnavl vldya) by Lhe
power of whlch uevra[ lndra easlly defeaLed Lhe demons
Shukdev says arlkshlL now l am Lelllng you abouL Lhe knowledge LhaL was once LaughL Lo lndra by
vlshwrup So llsLen Lo lL carefully wlLh concenLraLlon Whenever you feel yourself haunLed wlLh fears
you
musL guard you body wlLh Lhls narayana kavach (shleld) 8uL before LhaL lL ls necessary Lo purlfy oneself
by baLh medlLaLlon llbaLlons ranayama (conLrol of breaLhs) and elghLleLLered and LwelveleLLered
manLras of Cod 1he Pymnal kavach (shleld) musL be Lhen reclLed faclng norLh whlle reflecLlng on Lhe
dlvlne appearances of Cod
May Lhe Cod who rldes Curuda and holds conch wheel mace and loLus proLecL me from all
sldes May all Lhe lncarnaLlons of Cod proLecL me from all Lhe lusLs affecLlon and deslres and ln
all Lhe clrcumsLances 1hus may l be proLecLed ln waLer by MaLsyavaLar on land by
vamanavaLar ln sky by 1rlvlkrama from kamaplda (sexual deslre)by SanakadlL from kupaLhya
(dlseases) by uhanvanLrl from lgnorance from veda vyasa from Lhe hells by kachchhap avaLar
(LorLolse lncarnaLlon) ln Lhe war by narslnha AvaLar ln Lhe way by varaha on Lhe Lop of Lhe
hllls by arashurama durlng exlle by Lord 8ama along wlLh Lakshmana[l from Maranmohan
Abhlchar (deaLh) by Lord narayana from ego by nara from obsLacles by uaLLaLreya from Lhe
bondage of acLlons by kaplla from dlsregardlng Lhe Cod by Paygreev MuLrl from Lhe crlmes by
narada from Lhe lmposLers by 8uddha and from Lhe faulLs of kall kal may l be proLecLed by
kalkldev
May l be proLecLed ln Lhe mornlng wlLh mace by keshav wlLh fluLe by govlnd ln Lhe day by
narayana ShakLl before Lhe noon and may l be proLecLed wlLh Sudarshan chakra by Lord vlshnu
ln Lhe noon Llme May Lhe all knowlng omnlpoLenL Lord proLecL me ln every clrcumsLances May
Lhe name appearance vehlcle weapons and all Lhe servlces of Srl Parl proLecL my mlnd
lnLellecL organs and llfe from all Lhe calamlLles 1hls narayana kavach (shleld) saves one from
all klnd of calamlLles and fears
kllllng of vlshvarup and MAklnC va[ra wlLh uAuPlCPl
bones
vlshrupa became Lhe second Acharya (Leacher) of Lhe gods Pe also saw over lndulgence of
lndra ln lusclous ob[ecLs vlshwarups moLher belonged Lo demon clan so he had some
lncllnaLlon for Lhe demons also SLealLhlly he supplled parLs of offerlngs of Lhe oblaLlons Lo Lhe
demons very soon lndra Loo came Lo learn LhaL Lhelr Leacher vlshvarup was sLealLhy nurLurlng
Lhelr enemles Lhe demons So lndlgnanLly lndra severed Lhe head of vlshvarup and Lo geL rld of
Lhe sln of 8rahmahaLya (kllllng of 8rahmln) lndra dlsLrlbuLed hls sln among Lhe land waLer Lree
and Lhe woman folk and hlmself escaped Lhe sln1o Lake revenge of hls sons murder sage 1vashLa
organlzed a yagya wlLh Lhe purpose of havlng
a son who could klll lndra 1he ?agya flnlshed successfully and as soon as Lhe offerlngs ended
a formldable demon appeared from Lhe alLar 1he demon was named vrlLrasur very soon
vrlLrasur defeaLed lndra and oLher gods and conquered all Lhe Lhree worlds 1errorlzed by hls
power and gallanLry all Lhe gods ran lnLo Lhe refuge of Lord narayana leased wlLh Lhelr falLh
and prayers Lord narayana advlsed Lhem Lo please Lhe greaL sage uadhlchl and ask for hls bones
Lo bulld a va[ra (mace) lrom LhaL va[ra vrlLrasur could be kllled Cod assured Lhem
1hus all Lhe gods headed by lndra reached Lhe hermlLage of sage uadhlchl 1here Lhey very
humbly and respecLfully begged for hls bones lor Lhe beneflL of Lhe world sage uadhlchl gladly
accepLed Lo donaLe hls bones WlLh Lhose bones vlshvakarma bullL a masslve va[ra whlch had
Lhousand edges 1hus by Lhe power of Lhe Lord and aqulrlng a dlvlne va[ra lndra felL exLremely
sLrong Pe aL once launched an aLLack on Lhe demons armles and drove Lhem away from Lhe
baLLlefleld
klLLlnCS Cl v8l18ASu8 8? lnu8A
Srl Shukdev says C arlkshlL from Lhe gallanLry of Lhe gods Lhe demon army began Lo fled
Seelng hls army runnlng away ln panlc vrlLrasur goL lnfurlaLed Charglng ahead he sLopped Lhe
gods army from advanclng Pe roared loudly Many of Lhe gods falnLed from Lhe frlghLenlng
Lhunder of Lhe roar Advanclng vrlLrasur rouLed Lhe fallen flghLers Lven Lhe earLh began Lo shake
because of hls momenLum uevara[ lndra could noL bear lL Pe made a powerful blow on
vrlLrasur wlLh hls mace vrlLrasur held hls mace ln Lhe way and hlL AlravaL lndras elephanL
wlLh lL leellng Lhe paln of Lhe blow AlravaL moved back
1hen vrlLrasur scolded lndra who had kllled vlshvarupa Lhe broLher of vrlLasur C lndra you
have kllled my broLher vlshvarup wlLhouL any reason now l wlll gore you wlLh my powerful
LrldenL Cr you may behead me by your va[ra ?our va[ra has Lhe power of Lhe sage uadhlchl and
Lhe glory of Srl Parl
8uL lndra wlLh you va[ra l wlll geL rld of Lhe bondages of my body and geL salvaLlon aL Lhe feeL
of Lord vlshnu So klll me wlLh your va[ra 1hus even ln Lhe baLLlefleld vrlLrasur experlenced
dlrecL exlsLence of Cod Pe prayed Cod! C Lord may my mlnd reflecL consLanLly on your
ausplclous vlrLues may my volce always reclLe your vlrLues may my body always be ln your
servlce l donL wanL salvaLlon wlLhouL servlng you My mlnd ls wrlLhlng for your slghL
Shukdev says 1hus C arlkshlL vrlLrasur had wlshed Lo leave hls body ln Lhe baLLlefleld and
geL Lhe Cod Pe dld noL wanL Lo en[oy Lhe luxurles of Lhe heaven defeaLlng lndra
Calllng ouL Lhese words vrlLrasar hlL lndra wlLh LrldenL 8uL lndra cuL LhaL hand of vrlLrasur
whlch was holdlng Lhe LrldenL by hls va[ra Loslng hls one hand vrlLrasur was very ouLrageous
and hlL lndras chln and AlravaLs forehead wlLh hls elbow 8ecause of Lhe blow lndra dropped hls
va[ra whlch fell near vrlLrasurs feeL lndra was now feellng Loo ashamed Lo plck up Lhe va[ra
vrlLrasur sald C lndra plck up Lhe va[ra and klll your enemy lL ls noL Lhe Llme Lo be gloomy
lndra showed hls respecL Lo vrlLrasur for hls LruLhfulness and undecelLful words and sald C
greaL demon you are really greaL ?our paLlence deLermlnaLlon and devoLlon for Cod are really
remarkable ?ou have surmounLed Lhe llluslon of Cod LhaL confuses ordlnary ones ?ou are a greaL man
born ln demon famlly vrlLrasur agaln ralsed hls wheel Lo hlL buL lndra cuL hls second
hand
now havlng losL boLh hls hands vrlLasur shook Lhe earLh wlLh hls heavy sLeps and swallowed
lndra along wlLh hls elephanL Lveryone was beglnnlng Lo feel sorry for lndra buL because of
narayana kavach lndra remalned unhurL even ln Lhe belly of vrlLrasur 1hereafLer lndra
laceraLed Lhe demons belly and came ouL 1hen he cuL vrlLrasurs head also AL LhaL momenL
soul of vrlLrasur annlhllaLed ln Lhe Supreme 8elng All Lhe gods Lhen greeLed lndra for hls
vlcLory
vrlLrasur was a rellglous klng ChlLrakeLu ln hls prevlous blrLh 8ecause of Lhe grace of narada and Anglra
he had recelved deLachmenL and supreme devoLlon and began Lo roam everywhere as a Slddha urusha
(one who achleves perfecLlon) Cnce he was Lravelllng on Lhe alrcrafL glfLed Lo hlm by Lhe gods he saw
Lhe Ardhnarlshwar (half malehalf female) appearance of Lord Shlva and sald someLhlng ln derogaLlon
lndlgnanL of hls dlscourLesy MaLa arvaLl cursed ChlLrakeLu Lo Lake blrLh ln a demon clan 8ecause of
LhaL
curse ChlLrakeLu appeared as demon 8uL even ln demon lncarnaLlon hls devoLlon for Lhe Lords feeL
perslsLed as before
SLvLn1P CPA1L8
8LMCvAL Cl uCu81 A8Cu1 CCuS A81lALl1?
1he klng arlkshlL asked C forLunaLe one Cod ls sald Lo have an equal vlew for everybody
Why Lhen does Pe favor Lhe gods alone Why does Pe klll Lhe demons only? 1hus l have some
doubLs regardlng Cods lmparLlallLy klndly remove Lhem
Shukdev says arlkshlL Cods skeLches are so vlvld LhaL even Lhe greaL sages canL comprehend
Lhem fully Lven Lhen [usL by reclLlng Lhese surprlslng skeLches of Cod one recelves Lhe supreme
poslLlon AccepLlng Lhe vlrLues of Lhls llluslon Cod acqulres Lhe opposlng forms of klller and
kllled occaslonally vlrLues llke SaLya (chasLlLy) 8a[as (royalLy) and 1amas (darkness) are of
naLure and noL of Cod and hence keep rlslng and falllng wlLh Llme When SaLguna (chasLlLy)
rlses Cod adopLs Lhe gods and Lhe Sages and causes a surge ln Lhelr number A rlse ln 8a[as
(royal) vlrLues sees a surge ln demons number Whlle a rlse ln 1ama (darkness) vlrLues leads Lo a
surge ln Lhe populaLlon of Lhe ?aksh and 8akshasas (ogres and oLher super naLural belngs) 8uL
Cod ls ln facL lmparLlal Shukdev says C klng once uevarshl narada had relaLed an lncldenL Lo
your grandfaLher ?udhlsLhlra lm narraLlng lL Lo you rlghL now ?our doubLs wlll be removed
1ALL Cl !A?vl!A?
uurlng Lhe 8a[suya ?agya ln ?udhlsLhlras courL Lord krlshna had beheaded Shlshupal wlLh Pls
wheel Lveryone lncludlng ?udhlsLhlra saw Shlshupals soul annlhllaLlng ln Lord krlshna
Surprlsed ?udhlsLhlra had asked narada Lhen C uevarshl lsnL lL surprlslng LhaL Shlshupal who
was so [ealous of Lord krlshna goL merged ln Plm? Such forLune ls even rare for Lhe greaL
?ogls (asceLlcs) Pow dld Lhen Lhls rlval of Cod geL such a supreme forLune?
narada sald C klng crlLlclsm pralse servlng or negllgence are all conflned Lo Lhe body only
When Lhe soul ls ldenLlfled wlLh Lhe body people suffer from Lhe lmpacL of scoldlng and abuslng Cod
has no ego llke ordlnary belngs because Pe ls Lhe supreme soul and ulLlmaLe lf Pe
punlshes someone lL ls for ones beneflL and noL for any anger or [ealousy 1herefore one musL
concenLraLe hls mlnd ln Cod no maLLer whaL hls feellngs are enmlLy devoLlon fear affecLlon
ln Cods vlew Lhese feellngs donL make any dlfference narada sald ?udhlsLhlra ln my
oplnlon lL ls cerLaln LhaL Lhe concenLraLlon achleved Lhrough a feellng of enmlLy ls rare Lo achlev
oLherwlse even wlLh devoLlon 1hls ls Lhe reason why uncounLable number of slnners who had
sLrong enmlLy for Lord krlshna merged wlLh Plm ?our couslns Shlshupal and uanLavkra were
forLunaLe 1hey boLh were Lhe gaLekeepers of Lhe Lord lL was by curse of 8rahmln LhaL Lhey had
Lo be relegaLed and Lake blrLh as slnful demons
narada sald C klng 8rahmas ManaspuLras (sons begoLLen by LhoughLs) Sanakadlkumars were
freely roamlng all over Lhe unlverse Cnce Lhey reached valkunLh (Lhe abode of Lord vlshnu)
8uL assumlng Lhem Lo be ordlnary boys Lhe gaLekeepers !ayvl[ay dld noL allow Lhem ln
lndlgnanL by Lhe behavlour of Lhe CaLekeepers Sanakadl kumars cursed Lhem lools boLh of
you donL deserve a presence near Cod 8oLh of you are endowed wlLh 8a[aguna and 1amoguna
(royal and dark vlrLues) so go and Lake blrLh as Lhe demons When boLh Lhe gaLekeepers were
falllng from valkunLh Lhe klnd Sanakadl kumars sald Ck Lhe effecL of our curse shall long
for your Lhree blrLhs only LhereafLer you shall reLurn Lo valkunLh agaln
1ALL Cl Pl8An?AkSP Anu Pl8An?kASPlu
8y Lhe curse of 8rahmlns Lhe gaLekeepers of Lhe Cod !ayvl[ay Look Lhelr flrsL blrLh as Lhe
demons Plranyakashlpu and Plranyaksh ulLl was Lhelr moLher Plranyaksh had sLolen Lhe earLh
and hldden lL ln SuLala Loka causlng worrles for 8rahma 1o remove Lhe worrles of 8rahma
Lord appeared as varaha avaLar (Lhe boar lncarnaLlon) and kllled Plranyaksh AfLer Lhe kllllng of
Plranyaksh hls elder broLher Plraykashlpu developed enmlLy wlLh Lord vlshnu Pe avowed Lo
oLher demons l wlll klll LhaL Lrlcky vlshnu wlLh my LrldenL 1hus no one wlll be able Lo proLecL
Lhe gods All of you go ouL and brlng havoc on Lhem 1hen Plranykashlpu cremaLed hls younger
broLher Plranyaksh condoled moLher AdlLl and wlfe of hls younger broLher and hlmself wenL
away Lo observe penance ln order Lo acqulre sLrengLh and gallanLry
ln Lhe valley of Mandarachal MounLaln Plranykashlpu sLood on one Loe only and ralsed hls
hands Lowards sky Pe conLlnued Lo sLand ln Lhe same poslLlon ulLlmaLely flre began Lo emerge
from hls head 1haL flre caused burnlng of all Lhe Lhree lokas (worlds) anlcked by Lhe flre Lhe
gods reached Lo 8rahma and prayed Lo puL Lhe flre off 8rahma aL once appeared before
Plranykashlpu and sald Son Plranykashlpu your penance ls over now now seek a boon of
your wlsh
Worshlpplng 8rahma Plranykashlpu sald May l noL be kllled by any llvlng belng creaLed by
you may l be kllled nelLher ln day nor ln nlghL nelLher by humans nor by anlmals nelLher by
weapons nor by arms nelLher on earLh nor ln sky May no one maLch me ln war May l be an
undlspuLed emperor of all Lhe llvlng belngs leased by hls penance 8rahma granLed
Plranykashlpu LhaL rare boon8y Lhe vlrLue of 8rahmas boon Plranykashlpu grew exLremely sLrong
now he had no fear of
deaLh so hls aLroclLles lncreased day by day Pe defeaLed all Lhe gods human belngs demons
demlgods Lveryone accepLed hls superlorlLy now Plranykashlpu began Lo reslde ln heaven
lLself Pe also made an all round declaraLlon all Lhe people who worshlp or even remember
vlshnu shall be puL Lo deaLh ln my klngdom nobody else ls Cod excepL me 1hus all Lhe gods
and demons began Lo worshlp Plranykashlpu and presenLed hlm wlLh glfLs Lo please hlm
Candharvas Slddhas sages apsaras eLc all began Lo slng ln hls pralse
narada says C ?udhlsLhlra Plranykashlpu had such a brllllance LhaL he began Lo recelve Lhe
offerlngs hlmself of Lhe ?agyas performed by 8rahmlns Cn all Lhe seven lslands and upLo Lhe
heaven lL was hls domlnlon now he was freely and lavlshly en[oylng all Lhe luxurles Maddened
by Lhe luxurles he even began Lo vlolaLe Lhe rullngs of Lhe scrlpLures erplexed by hls harsh rule
all Lhe gods wenL lnLo Lhe refuge of Lhe AlmlghLy 1hrough a celesLlal volce Cod comforLed
Lhem uonL be afrald C gods l am aware of havoc caused by Lhls demon l wlll desLroy hlm you
walL for some more Llme When he wlll begln Lo LormenL hls calm and devoLee son rahlada l
wlll deflnlLely klll hlm
1he demon klng Plranykashlpu had four sons rahlada was youngesL of Lhem rahlada was Lhe
greaLesL lover and devoLee of Cod Plranykashlpu had declared such a plous son llke rahlada a
crlmlnal of Lhe sLaLe 1hus he Lrled hls besL Lo klll rahlada
S1C8? Cl 8APLAuA 1PL C8LA1 uLvC1LL
lous vlrLues of rahlada 1he youngesL son of Lhe demon klng Plranykashlpu rahlada was
very vlrLuous Pe used Lo serve Lhe sages wlLh love Pe LreaLed all Lhe belngs equally and dld
never dlfferenLlaLe Lhem as separaLe from hlm Pe had a respecL for Lhe elders uesplLe havlng
knowledge wealLh beauLy and noblllLy rahlada dldnL have any ego Pe never losL paLlence
even ln mosL adverse condlLlons Pe also regarded Lhe world as false and worLhless Pe had no
deslre for anyLhlng buL had full resLralnL on hls mlnd organ breaLh and body uesplLe havlng
born ln demon famlly he dldnL have any demonlc vlrLues narada says C ?udhlsLhlra as Lhe
vlrLues of Lhe Cod are endless slmllarly Lhe vlrLues of rahlada had no llmlL 8uL a naLural and
congenlLal love for Lord Srl krlshna was hls greaLesL merlL
Slnce hls chlldhood rahlada had no lncllnaLlon for chlldlsh plays CfLen he used Lo medlLaLe
sllenLly uurlng hls medlLaLlon he used Lo become qulLe moLlonless More Lhan ofLen he felL as lf
Cod hlmself was fondllng hlm Laklng hlm ln Pls lap AL Llmes when he experlenced an absence
of Cod rahlada would cry loudly and aL oLher Llmes he would laugh wlLh [oy seelng Cod
before hlm Pe also used Lo slng shouL and even dance whenever he felL Cod nearby
Cccaslonally rahlada used Lo mlmlc Cod or feellng Lhe sofL Louch of Cod slL peacefully
wlLhouL movemenL Such was Lhe Lrance llke condlLlon of rahlada who had a compleLe
submerslon ln devoLlon for Cod
Shukracharya was Lhe Leacher of Lhe demons Sukhracharyas Lwo sons had been appolnLed Lo
Leach Lhe boys of Lhe royal famlly SLaylng aL a place closer Lo Lhe royal palace Lhese Lwo
broLhers LaughL Lhe boys ln pollLlcs economlcs eLc rahlada Loo was senL Lo Lhem for formal
educaLlon 1here he used Lo llsLen Lo hls Leachers carefully and reclLe whaL he had been LaughL 8uL
rahlada dld noL llke Lhe educaLlon whlch was based on falsehood Cne day Plranykashlpu
Look rahlada ln hls lap and asked lovlngly My son Lell me whaL you llke Lhe mosL rahlada
sald laLher ln my oplnlon Lhls world ls noLhlng buL full of sorrow Pence lL ls [usL for every
belng LhaL Lhey should glve up Lhls bllndplL llke world and go Lo Lhe foresLs and Lake shelLer ln
Cod Lo be free of mlserles Alarmed by Lhese words Plranykashlpu warned Lhe Leachers Lhe
sons of Shukracharya Lo look afLer rahlada well and Lo remove LhaL mean LhoughLs of devoLlon
from hls mlnd Pe also cauLloned Lhe Leachers Lo guard rahlada agalnsL any posslble approach
by a god asceLlc or 8rahmln
CurupuLras (Lhe Leacher of rahlada) Lrled Lhelr besL and Lralned rahlada ln pollcles of Sama
uama uand 8hed (convlcLlon LempLaLlon fear of punlshmenL and parLlallLy) 1hen Lhey Lralned
hlm ln ArLh uharma and kama (economlc maLLers rellglon and carnal knowledge) When Lhey
felL saLlsfled wlLh Lhelr efforLs Lhe CurupuLras broughL rahald agaln Lo hls faLher Lhe demon klng
Mlranykaslpu
Plranykashlpu klssed rahladas head and Look hlm ln hls lap and asked My son rahlada Lell
me ln deLall whaL you have learned from your Leacher durlng your sLay wlLh Lhem rahlada
sald laLher Lhere are nlne klnds of devoLlon for Lord vlshnu lf one develops Lhese nlne klnds
of devoLlon wlLh dedlcaLlon l undersLand lL would be Lhe besL educaLlon lnfurlaLed by Lhese
words Plranykashlpu Lhrew rahlada on Lhe floor and began Lo scoff aL CurupuLras
Pearlng hls faLher scofflng aL CurupuLras rahlada sald laLher lL was noL LaughL Lo me by Lhem
lL ls my naLural lncllnaLlon 1hese words furLher lnfurlaLed Plranykashlpu 8llnded by anger he
ordered hls soldlers Lo klll rahlada aL once lormldable demons hlL rahlada wlLh Lhelr arms AL
LhaL Llme rahladas consclence was focused ln Cod All Lhe blows of Lhe demons ylelded no
resulL 1hereafLer rahlada was Lrampled by lnLoxlcaLed elephanLs blLLen by polsonous snakes
Lhrown from Lhe hlgh cllffs lnLo Lhe sea and even ln flre burled under Lhe mounLaln buL all ln
valn none of Lhe aLLempLs could do any harm Lo Lhe slnless rahlada
now Plrankashlpu began Lo feel worrled because of hls lnablllLy Seelng hlm worrled Lhe
Leacher assured hlm 8e free of worrles C klng keep your son Lled ln varunapash (Lhe noose of
varuna) unLll our faLher Shukracharya reLurns 1hen Lhey agaln Look rahlada Lo Lhelr hermlLage
Lo Leach hlm CrlhasLhdharm (duLles of a marrled man) Cne day Lhe Leachers were away for some
urgenL work rahlada called hls classmaLes and began Lo preach Lhem abouL Lord vlshnu
reachlng Lo uemon 8oys by rahlada
rahlada preached lrlends human lncarnaLlon ls a rare Lhlng ln Lhls world So Laklng shelLer aL
Lhe feeL of Cod ln Lhls human lncarnaLlon ls a success for llfe 8roLhers Cod ls Lhe frlend
beloved and Lhe soul of each and every belng Sensual pleasures are easlly avallable ln every
lncarnaLlon so lL ls useless Lo make physlcal efforLs Lo achleve sensual pleasures 8uL Lhls human
body ls a means Lo geL Cod So as long as Lhe body ls sound and healLhy and lL has sLrengLh one
musL work for hls beneflLs
Palf of Lhe llfe of a man ls slmply wasLed ln sleeplng llrsL LwenLy years pass ln playlng ?oung
age passes ln saLlsfylng Lhe ego whlle durlng Lhe LwenLy years of old age human body becomes crlppled
So frlends donL wasLe your llfe runnlng afLer Lhe physlcal pleasures luxurles wealLh
and all LhaL leads Lo a cerLaln fall Cne needs noL work hard Lo please Lhe Cod Pe ls soul of every
llvlng belng Pe ls selfachleved Cnly do good Lo every llvlng belng be klnd Lo Lhem
uncondlLlonally
Cod ls pleased wlLh Lhese acLlons only lmpressed by Lhe beauLlful preachlng of rahlada abouL
8hagavaL uharma Lhe demon boys asked C prlnce you have never been away from Lhe
hermlLage Pow Lhen dld you geL such a knowledge aL such a raw age? rahlada Lold hls fellow
dlsclples LhaL when hls faLher was away on Mandarachal for penance lndra had kldnapped hls
moLher kayadhu Pe was Laklng her Lo uevloka when uevarshl narada sLopped hlm ln Lhe way
and asked why he was Laklng such a helpless woman so forclbly lndra had Lold Lhen LhaL he
would desLroy her foeLus who was golng Lo be a demon and LhereafLer would leL her go
narada had sald uevara[ Lhere ls a greaL devoLee of Cod ln Lhls foeLus you cannoL klll hlm 8uL
you need noL fear hlm 1hus convlnced by narada lndra had released kayadhu who Lhen came
Lo sLay aL naradas hermlLage Lo pass her Llme ln Lhe plous company of narada who wlLh a
deslre Lo beneflL my moLher and me had preached us abouL 8hagavaL dharma and absoluLe
knowledge (vlshuddha !nana) lL ls LhaL knowledge whlch l have preached you [usL now Cod ls
pleased wlLh uncondlLlonal love only So you Loo develop devoLlon for Cod
CPA1L8 LlCP1
uLSC8l1lCn Cl MAnvA1A8AS
(1) Swayambhu ManvanLra klng arlkshlL sald Lo Shukdev Curudev l [usL heard LhaL Lale of
selfbegoLLen Manus llneage now klndly descrlbe Lo me abouL Lhe oLhers Manus Also descrlbe
Lhe plays of Cods dlfferenL lncarnaLlons whlch occurred durlng dlfferenL ManvanLaras Shukdev
sald arlkshlL durlng 1amas ManvanLara Lord narayana was born as Parl lncarnaLlon from
Parlnl Lhe wlfe of a sage ln LhaL lncarnaLlon Pe saved an elephanL from Lhe [aws of a crocodlle
uurlng Lhe presenL kalpa (perlod comprlslng Lhe sum of all Lhe four yugas) slx ManvanLaras
have passed l have descrlbed Lhe flrsL one now llsLen Lo Lhe descrlpLlon of Lhe oLher
ManvanLaras
(2) Swarochlsh ManvanLara Swarochl Manu was Lhe son of Agnl Pe had sons named uyumana
Sushena and 8ochlsmana uurlng LhaL ManvanLara lndras posL was occuppled by 8ochan
Scholars of vedas llke vra[sLambh eLc were among Lhe SapLarlshl (seven greaL sages) Lord had
Laken lncarnaLlon as vlbhu Lhe son of a sage vedshlra and hls wlfe 1ushlLa vlbhu remalned a
loyal cellbaLe llfelong lollowlng Pls conducL elghLyelghL Lhousand more sages observed
cellbacy llfe long
(3) uLLam ManvanLara 1hlrd Manu uLLam was Lhe son of Lhe klng rlyvraLa Pe had sons named
awan San[ay ?agyhoLra eLc ln LhaL ManvanLar seven sons of Lhe sage vashlshL were
SapLarlshl (Lhe seven greaL sages) lndras name was SaLya[lL SaLya vedshruL and 8hadra were Lhe maln
Canas (courLlers) of Lhe Cod Cod had appeared ln Lhe lncarnaLlon of SaLyasen Lhe son
of uharma and SunrlLa Pe was accompanled by uevganas named SaLyvraLa Lord had desLroyed
durlng LhaL perlod Lhe evll ?akshas demon and polLergelsLs
(4) 1amas ManvanLara 1amas Lhe fourLh Manu was Lhe real broLher of uLLam Lhe Lhlrd Manu
Pe had Len sons 1rlshlkh was lndra Lhen wlLh SaLyak Parl veer eLc as hls maln courLlers Sage
llke !yoLlrdham eLc were Lhe SapLarlshl uurlng LhaL ManvanLara Lord had saved Ca[endra from
Lhe [aws of Lhe crocodlle
(3) 8alwaL ManvanLara 8alwas was Lhe flfLh Manu Pe was also Lhe real broLher of 1amas Lhe
Lhlrd Manu Pe had many sons vlbhu was Lhe name of lndra Sages llke Plranyroma vedshlra
urdhubahm were among SapLarlshl Cod had appeared ln Lhe lncarnaLlon of valkunLh Lhe son of
Lhe sage Shubh and hls wlfe vlkunLha AL Lhe requesL of Coddess Lakshml Lord valkunLh
creaLed valkunLh dham Lhe besL among all oLher lokas (worlds)
(6) Chakshush ManvanLara Chakshush was Lhe slxLh Manu Pe had sons named uru urusha
Sadyumn eLc ManLrradruma was lndra Lhen wlLh Apya eLc as maln courLlers Sages llke
Pavlshmana and veeraka eLc were among Lhe SapLarlshl uurlng LhaL ManuanLara Lord had
appeared ln parLlal lncarnaLlon as A[lL Lhe son of vanra[ and hls wlfe SambhunLl lL was he who
caused Lhe churnlng of Lhe sea and made Lhe Cods drlnk necLar and supporLed Mandarachal
MounLaln on hls back ln kachchhap (LorLolse) from durlng Lhe churnlng
(7) valvasvaLa ManvanLara Srl Shukdev says arlkshlL ln Lhe presenL era Lhe sevenLh Manu
Shardhdev ls Lhe son of Surya Pe has Len sons lkshvaku nabhag urlshL SharyaLl narlshyanLa
nabhag ulshL karush rlshadhra and vasumana uranadar ls Lhe name of lndra Pe has
AdlLya vasu 8udra vlshvadev Marudgana Ashwlnl kumar and 8lshl as hls maln courLlers
kashyapa ALrl vashlshLha vlshvamlLra CauLam !amadagnl and 8hardwa[ are Lhe SapLarlshl
uurlng Lhls ManvanLara Cod has arrlved ln vamana lncarnaLlon as Lhe son of kashyapa and hls
wlfe AdlLl
(8) Savarnl ManvanLara Savarnl Lhe son of Surya and Chhaya would be Lhe elghLh Manu 1he
klng SuraLh who had occurred ln Swarachlsh ManvanLara had worshlped Coddess 8hagavaLl
lnLensely and Lhus recelved a boon of havlng an unbroken emplre on earLh ln laLer course he
wlll be Lhe son of Surya and become Lhe elghLh Manu also Pe would have sons llke nlrmaka
vlra[ask eLc valrochana 8all would be lndra AmrlLprabha eLc as hls maln courLlers Calava
ulpLlmana arashurama AshwaLLhama krlpacharya 8lshySrlng and vyasa Lhese greaL sages
would be Lhe SapLarlshl durlng Lhe elghL ManvanLara Cod would Lake lncarnaLlon as Sarvbhaum
Lhe sons of uevguhya and hls wlfe SaraswaLl Cod as Sarvbhaum would snaLch Lhe klngdom of
Swarga (heaven) from uranadara lndra and glve lL Lo Lhe klng 8all
(9) nlnLh ManvanLara Srl Shukdev says varunas son uakshasavarnl would be Lhe nlnLh Manu
Pe would have sons llke 8huLakeLu ulpLkeLu uyuLlmana eLc Cod would Lake blrLh as Lhe
lncarnaLlon of 8lshabh Lhe son of sage Ayushmana and hls wlfe Ambudhara A person named
AdbhuL would be lndra and he would have ara Marlchlgarbh eLc as hls maln courLlers (10) 1he 1enLh
ManvanLara upshloksas son 8rahma Savarnl would be Lhe LenLh Manu Pe
would be very plous ln naLure and have sons llke 8hurlshen eLc Pavlshmana SukrlLl SaLya !ay
MurLl eLc would be SapLarlshl Shambhu would be lndra wlLh Suvasana vlruddh eLc as hls
maln courLlers Cod would appear ln Lhe lncarnaLlon of vlshwasen as Lhe son of vlshwasrl[ and
hls wlfe vlshuchl Pe would be a frlend of lndra
(11) 1he LlevenLh ManvanLara 1he selfresLralnlng uharmasavarnl would be Lhe elevenLh Manu
Pe would have Len sons valdhrlLa would be lndra wlLh vlhangama kamagama eLc as maln
courLlers vedlc sages llke Arun eLc would be Lhe SapLarlshl Cod would appear as uharmaseLu
Lhe sons of Aryak and valdhrlLa ln Lhls lncarnaLlon he would proLecL 1rllokl (all Lhe Lhree
worlds)
(12) 1welveLh ManvanLra 8udrasavarnl would be Lhe LwelfLh Manu Pe would have sons named
uevavana updev and uevshreshLh eLc 8lLdhama would be lndra wlLh Parl eLc as hls maln
courLlers As Lhe son of SaLyasahay and hls wlfe SunrlLa Lhe Cod would proLecL Lhls ManvanLara
ln Lhe form of Swadham
(13) 1hlrLeenLh ManvanLara uevsavarnl would be Lhe LhlrLeenLh ManvanLara Pe would have
sons named ChlLrasen vlchlLra eLc ulvaspaLl would be lndra of Lhe gods llke Sukarm SuLram
eLc Sages llke nlrmoka 1aLvadarsh eLc would be Lhe SapLarlshl Cod would appear as
?ogeshwar Lhe sons of uevhoLra and hls wlfe 8rlhaLl Pe would besLow Lhe deslgnaLlon of lndra
Lo ulvaspaLl
(14) lourLeenLh ManvanLara lndrasavarml would be Lhe fourLeenLh Manu Pe would have sons
llke uru Cambhlr 8uddhl eLc Shuchl would be lndra and have avlLra Chakshush eLc as hls
maln courLlers Agnl 8ahu Shuchl Magadh eLc would be Lhe SapLarlshl Cod would appear ln
Lhe lncarnaLlon of 8rlhadbhahu as Lhe son of SaLrayana and hls wlfe vlnaLa and cause Lhe
exLenslon of karmakand (acLlons)
Shukdev says C arlkshlL Lhese fourLeen ManvanLaras had conLlnued ln pasL are conLlnulng ln
Lhe presenL and Lhey would conLlnue ln Lhe fuLure also lL ls by Lhem LhaL a kalpa (a perlod of
Lhousand ChaLuryugas) ls compleLed CalculaLlon of Llme ls also done Lhrough Lhese
ManvanLaras
erlod of a ManvanLra ls sllghLly more Lhen sevenLy one ChaLuryugas (all Lhe four yugas passlng
sevenLyone Llmes) A ChaLuryugaya (perlod of all Lhe four yugas Laken LogeLher) lasLs for abouL
3 mllllon years whlle a kalpa lasLs for abouL four Lhousand Lhree hundred and LwenLy mllllon
years 1hls ls equal Lo a day of 8rahma 8rahmas nlghL ls Mahapralaya (Lhe greaL deluge) When
LhaL nlghL ls over 8rahma agaln beglns Lhe work of new creaLlon exacLly as per Lhe prevlous
kalpa Carrylng ouL Lhls responslblllLy conLlnuously for a cenLury 8rahma goes back Lo
8hagavaL dham (Lhe abode of Lord vlshnu) Pls responslblllLles are Laken over by Lhe nexL
8rahma who carrles ouL Lhe work of creaLlon by Lhe lnsplraLlon of Lord narayana
1ALL Cl CA!Lnu8A 1PL LLLPAn1 and C8AP 1PL
C8CCCulLLklng arlkshlL asked Munlvar Cod had save Ca[endra ln Pls Parl lncarnaLlon l wlsh Lo hear
Lhls Lale
Shukdev says C klng ln 1amas ManvanLara Cod had appeared as Parl and saved Ca[endra
from Lhe [aws of Crah Lhe crocodlle l am narraLlng Lhe Lale Lo you llsLen Lo lL carefully
Surrounded by kshlrsagar Lhere was a hlgh mounLaln named 1rlkuLa ln Lhe dense foresL on Lhe
mounLaln Lhere llved Ca[endra along wlLh hls harem of many cows Ca[endra was Lhe klng of
many blg and sLrong elephanLs
Cne day Ca[endra was passlng hls Llme playfully wlLh hls famlly ln Lhe foresLs lL was very hoL
LhaL day So perplexed by Lhe sun Ca[endra descended down Lhe mounLaln wlLh hls famlly AL
Lhe fooLhllls Lhere was a blg lake wlLh deep cold waLer and many loLuses bloomlng ln lL
Ca[endra enLered Lhe lake and drank waLer Lo hls flll 1hen he Look baLh and sLarLed Lo play ln Lhe
waLer Pls acLlvlLles ln Lhe waLer dlsLurbed Lhe crocodlle who llved Lhere WlLh anger Lhe
crocodlle caughL hold of Ca[endras leg SLarLled by Lhe sudden aLLack Ca[endra puL all hls mlghL
Lo geL free buL ln valn 1hey only [osLled agalnsL each oLher for long Lvery momenL crocodlles
sLrengLhs seemed Lo be galnlng AL lasL because of consLanL pulllng lnLo waLer Ca[endras
sLrengLh gave away now he was very desperaLe and LhoughL LhaL Cod has senL Lhe crocodlle as a
noose of ?ama (deaLh) for hlm 1hls LhoughL horrlfled Lhe elephanL so he declded Lo Lake refuge
aL Srl Parl
Ca[endra had Lhe memory of hls prevlous blrLh fresh So concenLraLlng hls mlnd ln Lhe beauLlful
appearance of Cod he began Lo pray l Lake refuge aL Cod who ls Lhe base of Lhe enLlre world
who ls Lhe ulLlmaLe refuge for everyone lL ls dlfflculL Lo unfold Lhe mysLerles of Pls plays Pe
Lakes many gulses noL even Lhe sages and Lhe gods know Pls appearance and glory May such a
Lord proLecL me C Lord your powers are unendlng ?ou are graclous Lo Lhose who Lake refuge
ln you lllusloned by you Lhls humble creaLure does noL recognlze you C Lord l am ln your
refuge
Shukdev says arlkshlL Ca[endra had prayed Cod lmparLlally and unspeclflcally so oLher gods
dld noL come Lo save hlm 8elng Lhe soul of everyone Lord Srl Parl appeared Plmself and saw
Ca[endra ln deep crlsls When Ca[endra saw LhaL Lord Srl Parl had arrlved on hls vehlcle Caruda
from Lhe sky he plcked a loLus from Lhe lake and ralsed lL ln hls Lrunk and sald C !agadlshwar
(Cod of all world) narayana here ls a saluLaLlon for you 8y Lhen Lord [umped down from Lhe
Caruda and dragged boLh of Lhem ouL of waLer 1hen Pe Lore Lhe [aws of Lhe crocodlle by hls
wheel and saved Ca[endra All Lhe gods 8rahma and Lord Shlva worshlped Cod and showered
flowers on Plm
revlous 8lrLhs of Ca[a and Crah
kllled by Lhe Cod Lhe crocodlle aL once acqulred a dlvlne appearance Pe was a goodnaLured
Candharva (demlgod) named Puhu ln hls prevlous blrLh 8y Lhe curse of MahaLma ueval he
had Lo Lake blrLh ln crocodlle form 8uL now by Lhe grace of Cod he was saved and wenL Lo hls
heavenly abode Ca[endra Loo recelved salvaLlon by mere Louch of Cod Pe Loo wenL Lo Lhe
heavenly abode of Codln hls prevlous blrLh Ca[endra was a klng of andya dynasLy Pls name was
lndradyumna Pe
was a fervenL devoLee of Cod So he had abandoned hls klngdom and Laken Lo penance on Malay
MounLaln Cne day he was engrossed ln hls worshlp when sage AgasLya arrlved Lhere wlLh hls
dlsclples lor noL geLLlng due welcome from Lhe klng AgasLya cursed hlm ?ou wlLh a dull
mlnd who neglecL hls guesLs wlll be born as an elephanL 8uL even ln elephanL lncarnaLlon and
by Lhe vlrLues of hls devoLlon Ca[endra reLalned Lhe memory of hls prevlous blrLh Cod
appolnLed hlm as hls courLler and deparLed Lo hls dlvlne abode rldlng on Caruda
CPu8nlnC Cl 1PL SLA
klng arlkshlL asked C greaL sage how dld Cod cause churnlng of Lhe sea WhaL was Lhe
purpose behlnd lL? klndly Lell me? Shukdev says arlkshlL ln Lhe slxLh Chakshush
ManvanLara Lhe demons klng 8all had defeaLed Lhe gods
lndra had also losL hls glory by lnsulLlng Lhe garland whlch sage uurvasa had presenLed Lo hlm as
a Cods glfL lndra had puL Lhe garland ln elephanLs neck and Lhen goL lL crushed under lLs feeL
8uL now havlng losL hls klngdom and sLruck by mlsforLune lndra and oLher gods wlLh 8rahma
prayed Lo Lhe Lord MelLed by Lhelr prayers Cod appeared before Lhem All Lhe gods lald before
Plm and worshlped 1he omnlpoLenL Cod lnsplred Lhe gods Lo churn Lhe sea
Lord asked Lhe gods Lo churn Lhe sea and produce necLar Pe also advlsed Lhem Lo Lake Lhe help
of demons ln LhaL greaL Lask urlnklng Lhe necLar one becomes lmmorLal Cod asked Lhe gods Lo
puL varlous medlclnal planLs and vegeLaLlons ln kshlrsagar (sea of mllk) and churn lL by
Mandarachal MounLaln movlng lL wlLh Lhe help of vasukl Lhe naga Cod promlsed Lhem of all
help from Pls parL
1hereafLer lndra and oLher gods wenL unarmed Lo Lhe demon klng 8all and Lold hlm of Lhelr
lnLenLlon uemons Loo llked Lhe ldea WlLh a frlendly aLLlLude Lhen Lhe gods and Lhe demons
LogeLher uprooLed Lhe mounL Mandarachal 8uL Lhey could noL carry lL Lo Lhe sea Lord appeared
on Caruda and carrled Lhe mounLaln Lo Lhe sea
1he gods and demons had promlsed vasukl Lhe naga hls due share ln Lhe necLar So vasukl
allowed Lhem Lo use hlm as a rope wound around Mandarachal as a means Lo move lL ln Lhe
lncarnaLlon of A[lL Lord Lold Lhe gods Lo hold Lhe head of vasukl 8uL Lhe demons suspecLlng
some mlschlef sald Lhey would hold Lhe head and asked Lhe gods Lo hold Lhe naga from Lhe Lall
for churnlng 1hus Lhe gods held Lhe Lall whlle Lhe demons Look hold of vasukls head
1hus Lhey began Lhe churnlng 8uL as soon as Lhe churnlng began Lhe mounLaln sLarLed slnklng
for noL havlng a flrm base Lord Lhen Look kachchhap (LorLolse) lncarnaLlon and supporLed
Mandarachal on Pls back Cn Lhe mounLaln also Lord appeared ln SahasLrabahu form and held
lL 1he gods and Lhe demons churned Lhe sea for long buL noLhlng emerged So Lord A[lL hlmself
began Lo churn Lhe sea llrsL of all lL was Palahal Lhe deadly polson Lo emerg 1he lnLenslLy of
Lhe polson began Lo LormenL every belng 1o save Lhelr sub[ecLs from lL ra[apaLls prayed Lord
Lord Shlva 1he llfeglver Lord 8holenaLh (an eplLheL of Lord Shlva) drank all Lhe polson 8y
Lhe lmpacL of Lhe polson Lord Lord Shlvas LhroaL Lurned blue ln color Pence Lord Shlva goL Lhe
name nllakanLhaLmergence of Cems and necLar AfLer Lord Shlva drank Lhe polson Lhe gods and Lhe
demons
began Lo churn Lhe sea agaln wlLh greaLer enLhuslasm now kamadhenu Lhe dlvlne cow
emerged She was useful for ?agya eLc so Lhe sages recelved lL 1hen a horse named
uchchalshrava emerged and Laken up by 8all Lhe klng of demons 1he horse was followed by
AlravaL Lhe elephanL lndra Look lL 1he dlvlne gem kausLubh Manl emerged Lhen Lord A[lL
Look lL on Pls chesL 1hen emerged Lhe kalpavrlksha Lhe dlvlne Lree LhaL reached Lhe heavens
1hen Lhe apsaras emerged 1hey all accepLed Lo serve lndra ln Peaven
Coddess Lakshml emerged afLer Lhe apsaras All Lhe azlmuLhs were llghLed because of her
brllllance Lveryone was aLLracLed Lowards her beauLy generoslLy youLhfulness appearance and
glory uevara[ lndra presenLed a Lhrone for her Lo slL 8lvers broughL waLer for her ceremonlal
baLh 1he earLh presenLed medlclnal baLh Cows gave anchganyas and vasanL (sprlng) presenLed
many klnds of frulLs and flowers 1he sages welcomed Lakshml wlLh 8lgsukLas (hymns of
8lgveda) Candharvas sang ln her pralse 1hen Laklng Lhe loLus ln her hand Lakshml Look a seaL
on Lhe Lhrone Sea donned her wlLh a beauLlful sllk saree varuna presenLed a garland SaraswaLl
glfLed her wlLh a necklace of pearls 8rahma presenLed loLus whlle nagas presenLed Lwo earrlngs
AfLer Lhe slnglng by 8rahmlns ln her pralse Lakshml Look loLus garland ln her hand and puL lL
around Lord vlshnus neck ln a gesLure of accepLlng Plm as her husband !agaLplLa Lord vlshnu
Loo gave Lakshml a supreme poslLlon ln Pls hearL Lakshml was followed by varunal who was
Laken up by Lhe demons
1he gods and Lhe demons began Lo churn Lhe sea agaln AL lasL lord uhanvanLarl emerged wlLh an
urn of necLar lL was uhanvanLarl who developed Ayurved Lhe anclenL lndlan sysLem of
medlclne As soon as Lhe demons saw Lhe urn Lhey snaLched lL and ran away A row Lhen began
among Lhe demons over Lhe drlnklng of necLar Consollng Lhe gods Lord appeared among Lhe
demons ln Lhe gulse of an exLremely preLLy woman Mohlnl
ulsLrlbuLlon of necLar by Lord as Mohlnl 1he demons who were flghLlng over Lhe poLlons of
necLar forgoL everyLhlng when Lhey saw Mohlnl who was acLually a gulse of Lord vlshnu Lured
by her preLLlness Lhe demons came Lo Mohlnl and requesLed her Lo solve Lhe dlspuLe for Lhem
lllusloned by Cod Lhe demons even gave Lhe necLar Lo Mohlnl and saL peacefully showlng Lhelr
confldence ln her ln Mohlnls gulse Lord LhoughL LhaL Lhe demons were congenlLally cruel and
glvlng necLar Lo Lhem would be akln Lo feedlng sakes wlLh mllk 1helr evlls would lncrease
So Mohlnl offered Lhe necLar Lo Lhe gods only whlle offered wlne Lo Lhe demons When Lhe
necLar was belng dlsLrlbuLed a demon named 8ahu Look Lhe gulse of a god and slLLlng among
Lhem drank Lhe necLar Suurya and Chandra spoLLed hlm and revealed hls ldenLlLy Lo Cod who aL
once beheaded hlm 8uL by Lhen 8ahu had drunk enough necLar
CCnCuL8lnC Cl PLAvLn 8? klnC 8ALl
Shukdev says arlkshlL by Lhe vlrLues of Lhe ambrosla Lhe gods had become lnvlnclble 1hey
began Lo Lake revenge and Lhe demon klng 8all meL hls deaLh ln Lhe baLLle When 8rahma saw Lhe
lmmlnenL exLermlnaLlon of Lhe demons he senL uevarshl narada ln Lhe baLLlefleld Lo make Lhe
gods absLaln from Lhe war 1he survlvng demons carrled Lhe dead 8all Lowards AsLachal 1here
Shukracharya Lhe Leacher of Lhe demons resurrecLed all Lhe demons wlLh hls San[lvanl vldya
(knowledge LhaL resurrecLs Lhe dead) 1hus obllgaLed Lhe demonklng 8all dedlcaLed all hls
wealLh Lo Shukracharya and began Lo serve hlm and oLher 8rahmlns of 8hlrgu clan
8y Lhe servlce of Lhe uemons Lhe 8rahmlns of 8hrlgu clan goL very much pleased klng 8all had
a long cherlshed deslre of conquerlng Lhe heaven So Lhe 8rahmlns organlzed a vlshv[lL ?agya
for 8all AL Lhe compleLlon of ?agya flrsL emerged a beauLlful charloL all covered wlLh gold
1hen green coloured horses lnexhausLlble qulver and a dlvlne shleld emerged ln sequence from
Lhe alLar 8alls grandfaLher rahlada presenLed hlm a garland whlle Shukracharya gave a conch
1hus recelvlng all Lhe weaponarles klng 8all Look oaLh and clrcumambulaLed 8rahmlns
1hereafLer greeLlng Lhem he boarded Lhe charloL followed by powerful demons and Lhelr huge
armles 1hus fully prepared 8all launched a masslve aLLack on Lhe heaven
When lndra saw LhaL 8all had come wlLh full preparaLlon and LhaL hls armles had surrounded
AmaravaLl he wenL Lo hls Leacher 8rlhaspaLl and asked abouL Lhe reason for Lhe demons sudden
uprlslng uevguru sald lndra blesslng of 8hrlgu 8rahmlns ls Lhe maln reason of Lhe demons
uprlslng ?ou canL face Lhe demon armles yeL because kal hlmself ls ln Lhelr favor So you all
abandon Lhe heaven and hlde somewhere AfLer Lhe abdlcaLlon of Lhe heaven by Lhe gods 8all
capLured lL 1hen he conquered all Lhe Lhree worlds WlLh advlce of hls prlesLs 8all organlzed
one hundred Ashvmegh ?agyas 1hus by Lhe grace of Shukracharya and oLher 8rahmlns of
8hrlgu clan klng 8all goL Lhe domaln of Lhe heaven and began Lo rule lL generously
reachlng of ayovraLa Lo AdlLl by kashyapa Srl Shukdev says C arlkshlL AdlLl (moLher of
Lhe gods) felL very sorry for Lhe gods and capLure of Lhe heaven by Lhe demons When Sage
kashyapa vlslLed AdlLls hermlLage he saw hls wlfe ln desperaLe mood Cn enqulrlng abouL Lhe
reason AdlLl sald Lord by your grace my marrled llfe ls runnlng well 8uL l am sorry for Lhe
plLlable condlLlon of my sons Lhe gods SLrong demons have snaLched Lhelr abode So klndly Lell
me Lhe remedy AL her requesL kashyapa preached AdlLl abouL a worshlp named ayovraL Lo
seek Lhe blesslng Cod
1hls worshlp ayovraL ls carrled ouL durlng Lhe waxlng phase of Lhe monLh halgun (LhaL
correspond Lo lebruaryMarch monLhs ln Cregorlan calendar) for Lwelve days conLlnuously Cne
musL drlnk mllk only durlng Lhe worshlp Cneday before sLarLlng Lhe vraL LhaL ls on Lhe day of
Amavasya (moonless nlghL) one musL smear hls body wlLh Lhe earLh dug ouL by Lhe boars and
Lake baLh ln Lhe rlver 1hen one musL worshlp Cod wlLh Shodushopchar (slxLeen LreaLmenLs)
whlle followlng Lhe rules prescrlbed for dally rouLlne Pe musL reclLe uwadashaksharl ManLra
(hymn conLalnlng Lwelve leLLers) perform Pavan wlLh kheer (rlce cooked ln mllk) and dlsLrlbuLe
nalvadya (remalnlng food from Pavan) among Lhe devoLees 8eclLlng Lhe LwelveleLLered hymn
one musL Lell Lhe rosarysLrlng aL leasL once abouL Lhe wlsh 1hus Lhe same worshlp musL be
performed for Lwelve days conLlnuously lf one feeds a 8rahmln dally durlng Lhe vraL he can be
sure of Cods grace
MoLher of Lhe gods AdlLl performed ayovraL as per Lhe advlce of her husband kashyapa
leased by her vraL Lhe Lord appeared before her ln ChaLurbhu[ (fourarmed) form MoLher
AdlLl lald flaL on Lhe ground Lo greeL Lhe Cod She prayed C Lord you are Lhe Cod of ?agya
and ?agya yourself 1hose who Lake refuge aL your feeL are saved when you are pleased noLhlng
remalns ungeLLable Lord sald C moLher of Lhe gods l know abouL your deslre ?ou have
worshlpped me for your sons 8uL lL ls dlfflculL yeL Lo defeaL Lhe demons 8uL because of your
worshlp l wlll proLecL your sons by becomlng your chlld
vamana lncarnaLlon of Cod
When Lhe Lord arrlved ln AdlLls womb 8rahma prayed Lo Plm 8y 8rahmas prayers Lhe
unborn Cod appeared before AdlLl Shukdev says C arlkshlL on Lhe LwelfLh day of Lhe waxlng
phase of 8hadrapada monLh (correspondlng Lo SepLember) Lord Lok blrLh ln Abhl[lL MuhurLa
Lverywhere everybody celebraLed Lhe arrlval of Cod wlLh [oy 1he gods showered flowers on
Plm 1he Cod had arrlved ln vamana (dwarf) form Pls conLlnence appearance caused
Lremendous [oy for Lhe sages uurlng upnayan consecraLlon of Lord Lhe rullng delLy of Lhe
CayaLrl manLra SavlLrl (an eplLheL for Surya) preached Plm Lhe hymn Curu gave hlm
?agyopavlL kashyapa gave neckkerchlef Lhe earLh gave black buck skln Chandra gave scepLer
MoLher gave loln cloLh Lhe sky gave umbrella 8rahma gave kamandalu (coconuL shell bowl)
SapLrlshl gave kush (sacred grass) whlle Coddess SaraswaLl presenLed Cod wlLh a sLrlng of
8osarles ?akshra[ (klng of ?akshas) kubera gave hlm Lhe alms bowl and moLher Annapurnna
gave hlm alms 1hus everyone payed due respecL Lo Cod ln vamana (dwarf) lncarnaLlon who
was radlaLlng wlLh dlvlne glory
Lord vamana was lnLlmaLed LhaL Lhe klng 8all was performlng many Ashvamegha ?agyas wlLh
8hrlgu 8rahmans Pe aL once lefL for Lhe ?agya slLe aL a place named 8hrlgu kachch on Lhe
banks of Lhe rlver narmada As soon as Lord vamana reached Lhe slLe all Lhe sages hosLs and
oLhers presenL Lhere became dull before Lhe radlance of Cod 1hey felL as lf Surya hlmself had
arlsen Lhere Lveryone sLood up Lo welcome Cod PosL 8all offered Plm Lhe besL seaL and
washed Pls feeL wlLh affecLlon 1hen 8all requesLed Cod for hls servlce
uemandlng Lhree sLeps of land by vamana klng 8all requesLed C 8rahmln now Lell me how l
can serve you ?ou are Lhe Langlble represenLaLlon of Lhe penance of 8rahmarlshls 8y your
arrlval all my ancesLors are saved my clan ls blessed my ?agya has succeeded Ask me
whaLever you wlsh l am ready Lo glve you your deslred ob[ecL
Pearlng Lhe plous Lalk of Lhe klng 8all Lord vamana blessed hlm and sald C klng no one have
been lmpaLlenL and frugal ln your clan 8epuLaLlon of your grandfaLher rahlada ls sLlll allve
?ou greaL grandfaLher Plranykashlpu had chased Lhe llluslonary vlshnu who had hld ln your
greaL grandfaLhers hearL lLself When Lhe lnfurlaLed Plranykashlpu could noL flnd vlshnu
anywhere ln all Lhe Lhree worlds he presumed LhaL vlshnu had dled because of hls fear alone
C klng conLlnued Lord vamana ?ou are excellenL among Lhe rellglous people C demon
klng you can fulflll any greaL deslre 8uL l demand only as much land as could be covered ln
Lhree sLeps of mlne l need noLhlng else klng 8all sald C 8aLu (dwarf 8rahmln) you Lalk llke
aged persons buL your mlnd ls chlldlsh l am Lhe ruler of all Lhe Lhree worlds and you are asklng
for Lhree sLeps of land only you can sLlll ask for anyLhlng else Lord vamana replled C klng
greedy ones are noL saLed even lf Lhey geL whole of Lhe earLh 8uL l donL wanL more Lhan my
requlremenL klng 8all agreed Lo donaLe vamana Lhe Land as per hls demands and plcked up
Lhe waLer poL Lo make resoluLlonWhen Curu Shukracharya saw LhaL 8all had agreed Lo donaLe land he
Lrled Lo persuade hlm C
8all Lhls vamana ls none oLher Lhan lndesLrucLlble Lord vlshnu Pe has Laken lncarnaLlon of
vamana as a son of AdlLl kashyapas wlfe ln Lhe lnLeresL of Lhe gods unknowlngly you have
made a promlse Lo fulfll Pls deslre 8uL Pe wlll snaLch everyLhlng from you and hand lL over Lo
lndra 1hls llluslonary 8aLu wlll measure whole of your emplre ln all Lhe Lhree worlds wlLh hls
Lwo sLeps so you wlll noL be able Lo keep your promlse also Pence show your lnablllLy Lo make
donaLlon as per Pls demand send Plm back
Measurlng of LarLhs heaven by vamana Shukdev says arlkshlL wlLh pollLeness klng 8all
asserLed Lo hls Leacher Curudev your words are Lrue 8uL l am Lhe grandson of greaL rahlada
now l cannoL reverse my promlse no rellglon ls greaLer Lhan LruLh lm noL afrald of any
calamlLy excepL of decelvlng a 8rahmln When Shukracharya saw LhaL hls dlsclple 8all was
deLermlned Lo vlolaLe hls dlcLaLe he cursed C klng soon you wlll be devold of Lhe wealLh you
have been en[oylng
8uL desplLe havlng been cursed by hls Leacher 8all sLayed flrm Lo hls promlse Worshlpplng
vamana formally he Look some waLer on hls palm and made Lhe promlse Lo donaLe land As soon
as 8all made Lhe promlse Lord vamana assumed a glganLlc appearance and measured 8alls
enLlre emplre ln hls sLeps ln flrsL Pe measured Lhe whole of Lhe earLh ln Lhe nexL Pe measured
Lhe heaven 1he second sLep lLself reached SaLyaloka where 8rahma had once washed Lords feeL
and kepL Lhe waLer ln a kamandalu (a bowl of coconuL shell) LhaL came on earLh laLer as Lhe rlver
Canges now Lhere was no room for Cod Lo puL Pls Lhlrd sLep Lord rldlculed 8all for noL
keeplng hls promlse fully ?our everyLhlng ls mlne now buL your promlse ls sLlll lncompleLe
Shukdev says Lord rldlculed 8all buL he remalned unmoved wlLh paLlence Pe sald C Lord l
keep my promlse fully you puL your Lhlrd sLep on my head l donL wanL a blemlsh on my
repuLaLlon Lord sald l snaLch all Lhe wealLh from people who are besLowed wlLh my grace
1hey Lhen become an lnseparable devoLee of me free from every blemlsh 1hus Lord vlshnu
gave 8all Lhe emplre of SuLal Loka (hades) LhaL was even rlcher Lhan Lhe heaven and sald l wlll
proLecL you Lhere from all Lhe obsLacles ?our hundredLh Ashvamudh ?agya shall be compleLed
ln due course of Llme you shall be Lhe klng of Lhe heaven 1hls way wlLhouL flghLlng a baLLle
Lord Look Lhe emplre of heaven from Lhe demons and gave lL Lo Pls broLher lndra
1ALL Cl MA1S?AvA1A8
klng arlkshlL asked C Curudev Lord ls omnlpoLenL Why dld Pe Lhen Lake MaLsyavaLar llke
an ordlnary belng bound by karma? l wanL Lo hear Lhe Lale of Cods MaLsyavaLar Shukdev sald
C arlkshlL Cod ls one SLlll for Lhe preservaLlon of Pls devoLees Pe Lakes varlous lncarnaLlons
Pe also shows Pls plays by belng presenL ln all Lhe creaLures 8uL Pe remalns unaffecLed by Lhe
merlLs and demerlLs of Lhose llvlng belngs
arlkshlL aL Lhe end of lasL kalpa 8rahma had fallen asleep causlng a ralaya All Lhe worlds
had been lnundaLed Lhen When 8rahma had fallen asleep vedas fell ouL from hls open mouLh A
demon Payagreeev abducLed Lhe vedas by hls llluslonary powers CmnlpoLenL Cod had known
Lhe acLlon of Lhe demon So he had Lo Lake MaLsyavaLar (flshlncarnaLlon)1here was a klng named
SaLyavraL durlng LhaL Llme Pe was very generous and greaL devoLee of
Cod SusLalnlng hlmself on waLer only Lhe klng was observlng severe penance 1he same klng
SaLyavraL has come Lo be known as Shradhadev Lhe son of Surya (valvashvaL) ln Lhe presenL
kalpa Cne day SaLyavraL was Laklng a baLh ln Lhe rlver when a small flsh came ln hls folded
palms 1he flsh requesLed Lhe klng Lo save her So Lhe klng puL Lhe flsh ln kamandalu (coconuL
shell bowl) 8uL ln no Llme Lhe flsh grew Loo blg Lo be accommodaLed ln Lhe kamandalu So Lhe
klng Lransferred Lhe flsh lnLo anoLher blgger poL buL agaln lL grew Loo blg Lo be accommodaLed
ln Lhe poL 1he sequence conLlnued Llll Lhe flsh ouLgrew even Lhe blg lake So Lhe klng declded Lo
puL Lhe flsh ln Lhe sea
1he flsh whlch was acLually an lncarnaLlon of Cod requesLed Lhe klng noL Lo puL lL ln a sea
lnhablLed by flerce monsLers klng SaLyavraL grew susplclous So wlLh folded hands Lhe klng
requesLed Lhe flsh Lo appear ln lLs real form lnsLanLaneously Lord narayana appeared and Lold
Lhe klng LxacLly on Lhe sevenLh day from now ralaya wlll lnundaLe all Lhe Lhree lokas 8uL l
wlll send a boaL for you ?ou wlll board Lhe boaL and LeLher lL Lo my horns wlLh vasukl Lhe
naga Pavlng recelved Lhe lnformaLlon of deluge Lhe klng began Lo walL for lLs arrlval whlle
reflecLlng on Cods vlrLues Cn Lhe sevenLh day dense clouds gaLhered ln Lhe sky and began Lo
raln LorrenLlally Soon whole of Lhe earLh was lnundaLed 1he klng SaLyavraL found Lhe boaL senL
by Lord 8oardlng Lhe boaL SaLyavraL began Lo pray Lo Cod AL hls prayers Lord preached hlm
Lhe knowledge of meLaphyslcal 1hereafLer Lhe Cod kllled Lhe demon Payagreev and recovered
Lhe vedas When 8rahma awoke from hls sleep Lord handed Lhe vedas Lo hlm
CPA11L8 nlnL
uLSC8l1lCn Cl 1PL u?nAS1? Cl vAlvASvA1 MAnu
klng arlkshlL requesLed Shukdev Lo descrlbe abouL Lhe dynasLy of hls conLemporary Manu Shradhadev
Shukdev sald arlkshlL l descrlbe abouL Lhe dynasLy of Manu ln shorL because lf l go ln deLall lL wlll noL
be compleLed ln hundreds of years Manu Shradhadev was Lhe son of Surya and Sandhya name of
Manus wlfe was Shradha 1hey dld noL have any chlld lnlLlally so Lhey organlsed a uLrayeshLl ?agya
under Lhe ausplces of Lhelr famlly Leacher vashlshLha 8uL rlghL amldsL Lhe proceedlngs Lhe queen
Shradha prayed Lhe 8rahmlns Lo bless her for a female chlld 1he 8rahmlns made offerlngs as per her
wlsh ConsequenLly a glrl lnsLead of a boy was born Lo Lhem She was named lla 8uL Lhe klng
requesLed
vashlshLha Lo Lransform her lnLo a boy vashlshLha dld Lhe same and Lhe boy Lhus obLalned was named
as Sudyumn
1ALL Cl Suu?uMn
Cne day Sudyumn had gone on a hunLlng excurslon 8ldlng Lhe horse wlLh hls mlnlsLers
Sudyumn reached a foresL aL Lhe fooLhllls of Meru MounLaln 1he foresL was Lhe nupLlal abode of
Lord Shlva and MaLa arvaLl As soon as Sudyumn and hls companlons enLered Lhe foresLs Lhey
all even horses goL converLed lnLo females 8elaLlng lLs reason Sukhdev sald Cnce MaLa
arvaLl was slLLlng naked ln Lhe lap of Lord Shlva when suddenly some greaL sages arrlved Lhere
Lo have a slghL of Lord MaLa arvaLl sank wlLh shyness and ran Lo don some cloLh When Lhe
sages saw LhaL Caurl and Lord Shlva were en[oylng lnLlmacy Lhey moved aL once Lo Lhe
hermlLage of narnarayana 8lghL aL LhaL momenL ln order Lo please MaLa arvaLl Lord Shlv
sald LxcepL me any man who enLers here shall become a women lL was because of Lhese words of
Lord Lord Shlva LhaL Sudyumn and hls companlons were Lransformed lnLo females
Whlle Sudyumn was roamlng as woman 8udh Lhe son of Chandra fell ln love wlLh her and Lhey
agreed Lo geL marrled lrom Lhelr marrlage a son ururawa was born who founded Lhe Lown
named raLlshLhanpur
Sudyumn ln female form prayed Lord Shlva Lo free hlm from woman lncarnaLlon Lord Shlva
blessed Sudyumn LhaL he would be a man for a monLh and a woman for anoLher 1hus Lhls cycle
would conLlnue llfe long 1hereafLer Sudyumn reLurned Lo Lhe klngdom and began Lo rule lL
rellglously Pe goL Lhree sons ln due course uLkal Caya and vlmal ln Lhe LwlllghL of hls llfe
Sudyumn gave hls klngdom Lo ururava and he Look exlle
1ALL Cl A8lSPAuP8u
AfLer Lhe exlle of Sudyumn Manu Look Lo penance wlLh a deslre Lo have son leased by hls
penance Srl Parl blessed hlm Lo have Len sons arlshadhru was Lhe eldesL of Lhem Pe was
appolnLed ln Lhe servlce of Lhe cows Cne nlghL ln darkness a Llger broke lnLo Lhe cowshed
causlng a panlc among Lhe cows Pearlng Lhe panlcky nolse of Lhe cows rlshadhru ran Lo Lhe
cowshed 1here he saw LhaL Lhe Llger had caughL a cow and she was bellowlng ln paln and fear
rlshadhru aL once ran Lo help and wlLh a powerful blow of Lhe sword he beheaded Lhe Llger lL
was plLch dark ln Lhe caLLleshed so rlshadhru could noL see whom he had kllled ln Lhe mornlng
he reallzed LhaL he had kllled Lhe cow and noL Lhe Llger Pe felL exLremely sorry 1helr famlly
Leacher cursed hlm Lo lead a llfe of a shudra rlshadhru LhereafLer passed hls llfe as a cellbaLe
and mlngled wlLh Lhe Supreme Soul aL lasL
1ALL Cl SPA8?A1l
SharyaLl was Lhe second son of valvasvaL Manu Pe was a greaL scholar of vedas Pe had an
exLremely beauLlful daughLer named Sukanya Cne day klng SharyaLl was ln Lhe foresLs wlLh hls
famlly 1hus roamlng Lhey reached Lhe hermlLage of Lhe sage Chyavan Chyavan was lmmersed
ln deep medlLaLlon Pls whole body was covered wlLh LermlLes nesLs only eyes were shlnlng llke
flreflles CuL of curloslLy Lhe prlncess Sukanya prlcked Lhose shlnlng eyes of Lhe sage wlLh
Lhorns All Lhe klngs army fell ln crlses by Lhls lncldence When Lhe klng learned abouL Lhe
prlncess crlme he begged pardon of Lhe sage Chyavan and gave Lhe prlncess ln hls servlce and
hlmself reLurned Lo hls palace
ln Lhe foresL Sukanya served Chyavan wlLh dedlcaLlon Chyavan recelved youLh and vlgor by Lhe
grace of Ashwlnl kumar leased by Shukanyas dedlcaLlon sage Chyavan provlded her wlLh all
queenly luxurles AfLer many days klng SharyaLl agaln vlslLed Lhe foresLs 1here he saw Sukanya
Lalklng Lo a beauLlful young prlnce AL flrsL SharyaLl scolded aL Sukanya for vlolaLlng Lhe norms
of a chasL woman 8uL Sukanya Lold hlm abouL Lhe LransformaLlon of Lhe sage Chyavan by Lhe
grace of Ashwlnl kumar Learnlng Lhe reallLy Lhe klng felL over[oyed Lo see hls sonlnlaw
Chyavan ln youLhful sLaLe
1ALL Cl AM88lSPShukdev says arlkshlL SharyaLl was Lhe klng nabhag Pls son was nabhag Pe was a
greaL
devoLee of hls parenLs As a resulL of hls servlce for hls parenLs nabhag was very much
comforLable Pe had a son Ambarlsh who was a greaL devoLee of vlshnu Lven Lhe greaL wealLh
on earLh had no value for Ambarlsh1he klng Ambarlsh served Lhe Cod wlLh hls own hands and
remalned lmmersed ln Pls love Cnce Ambarlsh followed nlr[ala Lkadashl vraL (waLerless fasL
observed on Lhe elevenLh day of each phase of lunar monLh) for a year uurlng one such fasL on
Lhe LwelfLh day klng Ambarlsh was abouL Lo break hls fasL when sage uurvasa arrlved Lhere
along wlLh hls Len Lhousands dlsclples Welcomlng hlm Lhe klng requesLed uurvasa Lo accepL
food 8uL Lhe sage Lurned down Lhe requesL saylng LhaL lL was prayer Llme for hlm so he would
flrsL go Lo Lake baLh Lhen worshlp and Lake alms (food) ulLlmaLely 8uL Lhe sage uurvasa dld noL
reLurn for long 1hus by Lhe dlcLaLe of 8rahmlns klng Ambarlsh broke hls fasL wlLh basll leaves
and waLer
!usL Lhen sage uurvasa reLurned and saw Ambarlsh breaklng hls fasL So Laklng lL as an lnsulL Lhe
lnfurlaLed uurvasa lnvoked krlLya ln order Lo klll Lhe klng klng Ambarlsh sLood unmoved and
begged pardon wlLh folded hands Lord narayana saw Pls devoLee ln Lrouble and lnsplred Pls
Sudarshan Chakra (wheel) Lo save Lhe klng
Sudarshan Chakra flrsL lnclneraLed krlLya Lhen almed aL sage uurvasa When uurvasa saw
Sudarshan almed aL hlm he ran for hls llfe llrsL he reached 8rahma 8uL 8rahma Lold hlm LhaL
he was noL able Lo proLecL Lhe person who had done harm Lo a devoLee of Cod 1hen uurvasa
reached Lo 8udra Lord Shlva also sald uurvasa by Lhe wlsh of Lord 8udras are engaged ln
Lhe servlce of Lhe unlverse 1hls Chakra ls unsLoppable by me So you go Lo Pls refuge only Pe
can save you
lrom Lord Shlvas abode uurvasa reached valkunLhdham Lhe supreme abode of Lord vlshnu
Pe was feellng lnLense heaL of Lhe wheel So shlverlng wlLh fear he felL aL Lhe Lords feeL and
sald C endless you are Lhe only venerable of all Lhe salnLs C Lord l have commlLLed a greaL
crlme agalnsL your devoLee C Lord please save me Seelng sage uurvasa ln hls refuge Lord
vlshnu sald uurvasa l am bound Lo my devoLee l am noL lndependenL As Lhe devoLees
abdlcaLe Lhelr everyLhlng Lo recelve me Slmllarly l am also devoLed Lo my devoLee So l Loo canL
proLecL you Co Lo Lhe person who you wanLed Lo hurL and pray hlm Cnly he can save you from
Lhe Chakra
1hus by Lhe dlcLaLe of Cod aggrleved uurvasa reLurned Lo Lhe klng Ambarlsh and fell aL hls feeL
Ashamed of Lhe sage acL klng Ambarlsh prayed Cod C Lord lf l had done any plous deed may
lL be enough Lo calm you and may Lhe heaL LhaL LormenLs Lhls 8rahmarlshl quenched 1hus by
Lhe prayers of klng Ambarlsh Sudarshan was quleLened and reLurned Lo lLs poslLlon on Lords
flnger and sage uurvasa recovered from hls sufferlngs Pe blessed Lhe klng and lefL
uLSC8l1lCn Cl lkSPvAku u?nAS1?
Shukdev says Cnce Shradhadev Manu sneezed vlolenLly lrom hls nosLrlls a son was born Pe
was named lkshvaku lkshvaku had one hundred sons vlkukshl nlml and uandak were Lhe
eldesL Lhree of Lhem1)vlkukshl Cnce lkshvaku senL hls eldesL son vlkukshl Lo collecL Lubers for Lhe
offerlngs Lo
be made Lo Lhelr ancesLors vlkukshl collecLed sacred Shash Lubers 8uL he hlmself was feellng
Llred and hungry so he aLe one of Lhem Pe gave Lhe remalnlng Lubers Lo hls faLher klng
lkshvaku gave Lhose Lubers Lo Curu vashlshLha for offerlng Lo Lhe ancesLors vashlshLha
lnformed Lhe klng LhaL Lhe Lubers were deflled and noL flL for offerlngs 1hus Lold by vashlshLha
lkshvaku learned Lhe deed of hls son and expelled hlm ouL of hls klngdom ln anger vlkukshl
passed hls llfe ln exlle and reLurned home only afLer Lhe deaLh of hls faLher Pe became famous as
Shashad
2)urana[ay urana[ay was Lhe son of vlkukshl Pe ls also famous as lndravah and
kakuLsLh A flerce baLLle had Laken place beLween Lhe gods and Lhe demonsln Lhe baLLle Lhe
gods had soughL Lhe help from urana[ay 8uL urana[ay sLlpulaLed LhaL he would flghL only when
lndra agreed Lo become hls vehlcle lrom Cods lnsplraLlon lndra Look Lhe gulse of a blg and
heavy ox and bore urana[ay on hls back When urana[ay rode on Lhe ox and Lralned hls dlvlne
bow and arrows all Lhe gods prayed Lo hlm Slnce urana[ay had Laken seaL near oxs hump he
came Lo be known as kakuLsLh urana[ay foughL a flerce baLLle wlLh Lhe demons 1hus ln no Llme
urana[ay defeaLed Lhe demons and capLured Lhelr Lowns wealLh luxurles and every oLher Lhlng
and gave Lhem Lo lndra Slnce lndra had acLed as hls vehlcle hence urana[ay ls also known as
lndravah
3)?uvnashva ln Lhe llneage of urana[ay had occurred a klng named ?uvnashva Pe had no
son so ln desperaLlon he gave up hls klngdom and accompanled by hls queens came Lo sLay ln
Lhe foresL 1here he organlzed a grand ?agya lndrayag wlLh a deslre of a son and ln Lhe ausplces
of Lhe greaL sages 1he ?agya lasLed day and nlghL 8uL durlng Lhe ?agya ?uvnashva felL
exLremely LhlrsLy and wlLhouL glvlng a LhoughL he drank some of Lhe waLer from urn LhaL had
been sancLlfled wlLh manLras Slnce Lhe waLer was meanL Lo produce a chlld ?uvnashva begoL a
chlld wlLh ausplclous slgns lmmedlaLely afLer blrLh Lhe chlld began Lo cry for mllk So Lo qulLen
hlm lndra puL hls lndex flnger ln Lhe chllds mouLh Slnce Lhen Lhe chlld goL Lhe name MandhaLa
MandhaLa became a greaL emperor Pe was also known as 1rasdasyu because blg robbers llke
8avana had an lnherenL fear of hlm MandhaLa had deep selflearnlngs sLlll he organlzed many
grand ?agyas MandhaLa had Lhree sons urykuLs Ambarlsh (second) and Muchkund Pe had
flfLy daughLers also All of Lhem were marrled Lo Lhe sage Saurabhl
4)1rlshanku ln Lhls llneage of MandhaLa Lhere occurred a klng named SaLyvraL Pe was
renamed as 1rlshanku 1hough by Lhe curse of hls faLher and Lhe Leacher he had become a
Chandal (an unLouchable person) yeL by Lhe power of hls penance sage vlshvmlLra helped hlm
reach heaven wlLh Lhe body 8uL Lhe [ealous gods pushed down poor SaLyvraL from Lhe heaven
Pe was falllng headlong whlle Maharlshl vlshumlLra supporLed and flxed hlm ln mld sky hence
he goL Lhe name 1rlshanku
3)Parlshchandra Pe was Lhe son of 1rlshanku lor hlm Lwo greaL sages vlshvmlLra and
vashlshLha had cursed each oLher and acqulred blrd forms and kepL on flghLlng for many years
Parlshchandra had no son WlLh a deslre Lo have a son Parlshchandra worshlped varunadev 8y
Lhe grace of varuna he goL a son named 8ohlL CaughL ln Lhe love for hls son Parlshchandra
forgoL Lo organlze ?agya Lo pay hls Lhanks Lo varuna 8ohlL Loo had fled Lo Lhe foresL Lo save hls
llfe when he learned LhaL hls faLher wlshed Lo sacrlflce hlm Pe sLayed Lhere for long 8ack Lhere ln Lhe
klngdom Parlshchandra acqulred a deadly dlsease of uropsy as a resulL of varunas anger
Pavlng learnL abouL hls faLhers lllness 8ohlL Lrled flve Llmes Lo reLurn Lo Lhe klngdom buL every
Llme lndra forebode hlm 1hus he sLayed ln Lhe foresL for slx years 8uL ln Lhe sevenLh year he
boughL Lhe mlddle son of A[lgarL and Look hlm Lo Lhe klngdom Lo be used as a voLlve anlmal
1here he handed Lhe boy over Lo hls faLher 1hereafLer klng Parlshchandra organlzed a grand
?agya and pleased varuna leased by Lhelr unshakable falLh ln LruLhfulness sage vlshvamlLra
blessed Parlshchandra and hls wlfe and preached Lhem abouL meLaphyslcal knowledge
6)Sagar ln Lhe llneage of 8ohlL laLer on had occurred a klng 8ahuk unforLunaLely he meL an
unLlmely deaLh Cne of hls wldowed wlfe goL ready Lo be lmmolaLed wlLh her husbands pyre
She was pregnanL Lhen so Lhe sage Aurv prevenLed her from geLLlng SaLl When her fellow
queens learnL abouL her pregnancy Lhey fed her wlLh polsoned food 8uL Lhe polson proved
lneffecLlve on Lhe unborn baby 1he baby was born ln due course wlLh polson so he came Lo be
known as Sagar Sagar had a greaL repuLaLlon as Lhe klng Pe had slxLy Lhousand sons Pe had
also resolved Lo organlze one hundred Ashvmamegh ?agyas Pls nlneLynlne ?agyas compleLed
wlLhouL hassles buL durlng Lhe hundredLh ?agya lndra sLole Lhe horse and LeLhered lL ln Lhe
hermlLage of Lhe sage kaplla Sagars slxLy Lhousand sons seL ouL ln search of Lhe horse buL could
noL flnd lL anywhere on earLh
AL lasL Lhey reached Lhe hermlLage of Lhe sage kaplla 8efore LhaL wlLh Lhelr enormous power
Lhey had dug ouL huge plLs whlch fllled wlLh waLer and formed Lhe sea 1he sea derlved lLs Plndl
Synonym Sagar from Sagar When Lhose slxLy Lhousand prlnces saw LhaL Lhe ?agya horse was
1eLhered ln kapllas hermlLage Lhey began Lo abuse Lhe sage ulsLurbed by Lhe nolse Lhe sage
kaplla opened hls eyes and lnsLanLaneously all Lhe slxLy Lhousand prlnces goL lnclneraLed lL was
Anshumana Lhe grandson of Sagar who paclfled sage kaplla wlLh hls pollLeness and broughL
back Lhe horse Pe also dlscovered Lhe ashes of hls ancesLors Sage kaplla Lold Anshumana LhaL
Lhe salvaLlon of hls ancesLors would be posslble only lf Louched by Canga[l (Lhe sacred Canges)
Slnce Lhen all Lhe klngs ln Sagars llneage observed severe penance Lo brlng Lhe Canges on earLh
for Lhe salvaLlon of Lhelr ancesLors
7)8haglraLh llrsL of all klng Anshumana observed hard penance 8uL even afLer many years
of penance he could noL succeed ln hls efforLs Pls son ulleep also observed sever penance buL
hls efforLs Loo could noL succeed 8haglraLh was Lhe son of ulleep AfLer ulleep 8haglraLh
sLarLed severe penance AfLer many years of penance 8haglraLh succeeded ln pleaslng Lhe
Canges She appeared before hlm and asked hlm Lo seek a boon 8haglraLha requesLed Lhe
Canges Lo arrlve on earLh 1he Canges accepLed hls wlsh buL puL a quesLlon as Lo who would
supporL her when she fell on earLh from Lhe heaven 8haglraLha Lhen began hls penance agaln Lo
please Lord Shlva so LhaL Pe could supporL Lhe Canges on earLh Lord Shlva accepLed 8haglraLhs
prays and supporLed Lhe Canges on hls head 1hereafLer Pe moved on Lhe paLh shown by
8haglraLh wlLh sacred Canges followlng 1hus Lhe sacred Canges reached aL Lhe place where
ashes of 8haglraLhs ancesLors were lylng 1he holy waLers of Lhe Canges washed Lhe ashes Lo Lhe
confluence aL Canga Sagar 8y Lhe mere Louch of Canges holy waLer 8haglraLh ancesLors
recelved salvaLlonAfLer 8haglraLh many greaL klngs llke Mlchsah khaLvang uhlrghbahu 8aghu eLc
occurred ln
Lhe lkshvaku dynasLy 8aghus son was A[a and hls son was uashraLh lL was ln Lhe home of klng
uashraLh and by Lhe prayer of Lhe gods LhaL Lord Srl Parl Look blrLh as four sons of uashraLh
8)uescrlpLlon of Lord 8amas lays Shukdev says arlkshlL Lo keep Lhe words of hls faLher
Lord 8ama abdlcaLed Lhe enLlre klngdom and Look exlle ln Lhe foresL SLaylng ln Lhe foresL Lord
8ama proLecLed many sages and helped Lhem compleLe Lhelr rellglous rlLuals successfully Pe
slayed many formldable demons Lhere 8uL for cuLLlng Lhe nose and ears of Shupanakha Lhe
slsLer of demon klng 8avana Pe had Lo bear Lhe separaLlon of hls wlfe slLa
8ama had won SlLa as hls wlfe ln a swayamvar ln !anakapur ln hls Leenage sage vlshmaLrla had
Laken 8ama and Lakshmana wlLh hlm Lo hls hermlLage Lo guard hls rellglous proceedlngs agalnsL
Lhe demons 8ama and Lakshmana had kllled many demons Lhen lL was durlng Lhls perlod LhaL
Lhe swayamvar was organlzed ln !anakapur Lakshml Lhe beLLer half of Lord vlshnu had herself
appeared as SlLa ln !anakapur Sage vlshvamlLra hlmself Laken 8ama and Lakshmana Lo Lhe
swayamvar Many more brave and sLrong klngs and prlnces had gaLhered Lhere 8uL no one could
Lraln Lhe 8ow of Lord Shlva as per Lhe condlLlon of Lhe swyamvar lL was only 8ama who noL
only llfLed Lhe bow buL Lralned lL also ln Lhe process of Lralnlng Lhe bow broke wlLh a loud nolse
1hus Lord 8ama won SlLa as Pls wlfe
8uL durlng Lhe exlle Lhe demon klng 8avana decelLfully abducLed SlLa Lo avenge Lhe lnsulL of hls
slsLer Shurpanakha 1hereafLer Lhe clrcumsLances favored Lord 8ama and Pe soon found ouL Lhe
whereabouLs of SlLa WlLh a huge army of monkeys and bears Lord 8ama reached Lhe seashore
Lhere Pe prayed Lo Lhe sea Lo make way for Plm 8uL Lhe sea dld noL pay heed Lo hls prayers so
angrlly Pe goL ready Lo evaporaLe Lhe sea 1hus frlghLened Lhe sea revealed Lo Plm Lhe way Lo
make a brldge over lL Lord 8ama Lhen bullL a brldge over Lhe sea and landed ln Lanka A flerce
baLLle followed ln whlch Lord 8ama and Lakshman LogeLher slayed Lhe demon klng 8avana hls
broLher kumbhkarn and Megnad Lhe son of 8avana
1hus Lhey goL SlLa free from 8avanas capLlvlLy Crownlng vlbhlshan Lhe broLher of 8avana as
Lhe klng of Lanka Lhey reLurned Lo Ayodha on ushpak vlmana 8rahmrlshls crowned 8ama as
Lhe klng of Ayodhya All Lhe Lhree worlds became happler healLhler and wealLhler 8haraLa
Lakshmana ShaLrughn and Panuman[l sLayed forever ln Lhe servlce of Lord 8ama always
followlng Lhe moral dlcLaLes and puL an example for Lhe world of hlgh morals As a klng Lord
8ama also organlzed Ashvmegh ?agya
CPAnu8A u?nAS1?
Shukdev says arlkshlL now l narraLe abouL Chandra dynasLy Many greaL and plous klngs llke
ururava had occurred ln Lhls dynasLy Chandrama was Lhe son of ALrl Lhe son of 8rahma 8udh
was Lhe son of Chandrama whlle ururava was Lhe son of 8udh lla was Lhe moLher of ururava
Pe was very vlrLuous ALLracLed by hls vlrLues Lhe apsara urvashl had approached ururava wlLh
a sensual deslre ururava welcomed urvashl and LogeLher Lhey begoL slx sons Ayu ShruLayu
SaLyayu 8ay vl[ay and !ay ln Lhe llneage of vl[ay Lhe son of ururava Lhere had occurred a klng Cadhl
Cadhl had a
daughLer SaLyvaLl SaLyvaLl was marrled Lo Lhe sage 8lchlk 8lchlk and SaLyvaLl begoL !amadagnl
who marrled 8enuka Lhe daughLer of sage 8enu !amadagnl and 8enuka begoL arashurama ln
Lhe same llneage laLer on occurred greaL klngs llke 8anLldev Shlbl ?adu kuru uru
uushyanL and 8haraLa ln Lhls llneage of kuru klng ShanLanu had marrled Canga who gave
blrLh Lo 8hlsma SaLyavaLl Lhe daughLer of nlshad was Lhe second wlfe of ShanLanu She begoL
ChlLrangad and vlchlLravlrya ChlLrangad had dled ln an encounLer wlLh a demlgod of hls own
name whlle vlchlLravlrya was marrled Lo Amblka and Amballka Lhe prlncesses of kashl 8uL
havlng Loo much caenal lndulgence wlLh hls wlves vlchlLravlrya soon developed Luberculosls
and dled wlLhouL produclng a chlld
Slnce 8hlsma had vowed Lo ablde by cellbacy Llll deaLh so vyasa was summoned Lo produce
chlldren from Amblka and Amballka lrom vyasa Lhe Lwo queens and a mald gave blrLh Lo
uhrlLrashLra andu and vldura respecLlvely uhrlLrashLra had one hundred sons 1he kuaravas
whlle andus wlfe kunLl begoL karan ?dhlshLhlr 8hlma and Ar[una andus second wlfe
Madrl begoL nakul and Sahdev Ar[una had marrled Subhadra Lhe slsLer of Lord krlshna also
Subhadra had begoL Abhlmanyu who was marrled Lo uLLra Lhe daughLer of vlraLra[a and you
were born Lo uLLara C arlkshlL
ln ?aduvansh llneage of ?adu a klng Shursen had occurred Pe had a son vasudev vasudev
had elghL wlves uevakl was Lhe promlnenL among Lhem nlne chlldren were born Lo Lhem
kansa Lhe broLher of uevkl kllled slx of Lhem SevenLh was 8alarama elghLh krlshna and aL
nlnLh place was her daughLer Subhadra
Shukdev says C arlkshlL Lord Plmself had appeared as Lhe son of vasudev and uevakl
Whenever Lhe rellglon and rellglous vlrLues fall ln Lhe world and slns rlses Lhe omnlpoLenL Lord
Srl Parl Lakes lncarnaLlon Lo desLroy Lhe evlls and proLecL Lhe plous ones and esLabllsh Lhe
rellglon agaln
When Lhe evll demons Look Lhe gulse of Lhe klngs and began Lo rouLe Lhe earLh Lord vlshnu Lhen
Look Lhe lncarnaLlon as Lord krlshna Along wlLh Plm Sheshnaga Pls bed also Look lncarnaLlon
as 8alarama ln ?adu vansh 1ogeLher Lhey presenLed such dlvlne plays LhaL even Lhe gods could
noL guess Lhem
AL Lhe same Llme Lo beneflL Lhe devoLees who would be born ln kall ?uga Lord krlshna
expounded Pls plous llfe lnLo uncounLable lncldenLs Merely by reclLlng and hearlng Lhe Lales of
Lords llfe all Lhe sorrows melancholls and lgnorance of Lhe devoLees are removed 1hrough Lhe
baLLle of MahabharaLaa beLween kauravas and andavas Lord krlshna relleved Lhe earLh of mosL
of her burdens Pe Plmself slayed many demons whlle goL many slaln by 8alarana ulLlmaLely
preachlng uddhava abouL meLaphyslcal knowledge Lord krlshna deparLed Lo Pls dlvlne abode
CPA1L8 1Ln
Pearlng Lhe Lales of 8oyal dynasLles from Shukdev klng arlkshlL requesLed Curuvar you have
[usL narraLed Lhe suprlslng Lale of Suryvansh and Chandravanash (dynasLles) now l wlsh Lo hear
Lhe Lales of Lord krlshnas llfe ln deLall lL was because of Cods grace LhaL my ancesLors could
successfully wln Lhe MahabharaLaa l Lo had experlenced Lords grace whlle l was an unborne
chlld and AshvaLhama had Lrlggered 8rahmasLra Lo desLroy me lL was Lhe Lord hlmself who
saved me from Lhe heaL of 8rahmasLra wlLh hls wheel C sage Lherefore klndly narraLe Lhe Lale
of krlshnas llfe who ls Lhe soul of every llvlng belng l do noL feel LhlrsLy or hungry whlle
hearlng Lhe plous Lale of Cods llfe from you
leased by Lhe pure devoLlon of arlkshlL for Cod Shukdev says When Lhe aLroclLles of evll
demons lncreased on earLh beyond a cerLaln llmlL Lhe perplexed earLh reached Lo 8rahma ln Lhe
gulse of a cow and venLed her sorrows 8rahma Look her and Lord Shlva Lo Lord vlshnu and
prayed Plm Lhrough urushasukLa Lord heard Lhelr prayers and sald l know abouL Lhe
sufferlngs of poor earLh very soon lll Lake lncarnaLlon ln ?aduvansh Lo elevaLe her burden All
Lhe gods should Lake blrLh ln ?adukul Lo asslsL me durlng my human lncarnaLlon And Lo serve
my beloved 8adha all Lhe apsaras should appear as Lhe womenfolk of ?udu communlLy
8rahma dlcLaLed Lhe gods and sald LhaL even ?oga Maya (personlflcaLlon of llluslons) of Lord
vlshnu would Lake a parLlal lncarnaLlon Lo asslsL Lhe Lord ln Pls plays 1hus consollng Lhe earLh
8rahma reLurned Lo hls abode
MA88lCL Cl vASuuLv Anu uLvAkl
Shursens son vasudev was marrled Lo uevakl Lhe daughLer of uevak AfLer Lhe marrlage
ceremony ugrasens son and uevkls cousln kansa was drlvlng Lhe charloL of newly wedded
couple Cn Lhe way a celesLlal volce proclalmed C lool kansa Lhe elghLh son of your beloved
slsLer whose charloL you are drlvlng so affecLlonaLely shall be Lhe cause of your deaLh Pearlng
Lhe volce kansa drew ouL hls sword Lo klll uevakl 8uL vasudev prayed Lo hlm pollLely rlnce
kansa you are Lhe descendenL of 8ho[ dynasLy you are a brave man lL does noL flL you bravery
LhaL you are yourself ready Lo klll your slsLer She ls a woman and has [usL goL marrled She has
noL done any harm Lo you she deserves plLy lf you fear her chlldren l promlse LhaL l wlll glve
all her chlldren Lo you 1hus assured by LruLh abldlng vasudevs words kansa dropped Lhe ldea
of kllllng uevakl
As per hls promlse vasudev gave hls flrsL newborn chlld Lo kansa leased by vasudevs
abldance Lo LruLh kansa sald ?ou elghLh son wlll be my enemy so l wlll klll only your elghLh
son 1ake Lhe chlld back AL Lhe same Llme slnglng ln Lords pralse uevarlshl narada appeared
Lhere and sald C kansa ln vlew of rlslng aLroclLles of demons Lord narayana hlmself wlll Lake
blrLh ln ?aduvansh 8esldes Plm all Lhe cowboys and all oLhers who belonged Lo ?adav clan are
none oLher Lhan Lhe gods ln Puman gulse 1he gods are maklng masslve preparaLlons Lo
exLermlnaLe evll klngs and as a loLus has only elghL peLals and no one can mark ouL lLs elghLh
peLal slmllarly uevakl wlll have elghL chlldren and no one would be able Lo flnd ouL who ls Lhe
elghLh Saylng Lhls uevarlshl narada dlsappeared
kansa goL flrm bellef LhaL all Lhe ?aduvanshls were gods and LhaL Lord vlshnu Plmself would
Lake blrLh as vasudev and uevakls son Lo klll hlm Pe Lherefore puL vasudev and uevakl ln Lhe
prlson Slnce Lhen kansa kllled Lhe chlldren one by one soon afLer Lhelr blrLhShesh narayana Plmself
appeared as Lhe sevenLh son Whlle he was sLlll unborn Lord vlshnu
Lhrough Pls ?ogmaya (personlfled llluslon) Lransfered Lhe embryo ln 8ohlnls womb Lord
dlcLaLed ?ogama LhaL she herself should Lake blrLh from ?ashoda Lhe wlfe of nand ln Cokul Pe
also blessed her LhaL ln fuLure people would worshlp her as uurga Chandlka 8hadrakall
narayanl valshnavl eLc When Lhe sevenLh feLus was Lransferred kansa goL worrled how was lL
desLroyed Pls fears and melancholy lncreased slnce Lhen A fear grlpped hlm LhaL hls deaLh was
very near now
A88lvAL Cl CCu ln un8C8n 8A8?
kansa had known LhaL durlng Lhe baLLle beLween Lhe gods and demons he was Lhe demon
kalneml and he was kllled by Lord vlshnu So fearlng Lord vlshnu rallylng wlLh ?aduvanshls
kansa culLlvaLed hlgh degree of hosLlllLy Lowards Lhem Pe capLured even hls faLher ugrasen and
puL hlm ln Lhe prlson now Lhe relgn of Lhe klngdom was enLlrely ln hls hands kansa was
hlmself very sLrong and also had Lhe asslsLance of hls faLherlnlaw !arasandh lormldable
demon llke ralamb 8aka Chanur 1rlnavarL Aghasur MushLlk ArlshL uvlvld ooLana kashl
and uhenuk were hls courLlers As a resulL of kansa aLroclLles en mass exodus of ?aduvanshls
from MaLhura followed 1hese ?aduvanshls lefL MaLhura and seLLled ln reglons llke kuru
anchal eLc SLlll some of Lhem accepLed Lo serve kansa buL only superflclally
When all pervaslve Lord saw LhaL ?aduvanshls were belng LorLured wlLhouL reason Pe
Lransferred hls glory ln vasudev 1hrough vasudev uevakl recelved LhaL brllllanL parL of Lhe
lord Cn Lhe oLher hand kansa also came Lo know abouL uevakls elghLh lssue Slnce Lhen hls
hosLlllLy surged unprecldenLly and he began Lo walL for Lhe blrLh of uevakls elghL son very
anxlously All lL means Lo say LhaL kansa mlnd reflecLed on Cod every momenL day ln and day
ouL
8l81P Cl LC8u k8lSPnA
1he long awalLed day also arrlved aL lasL lL was Lhe elghLh day ln Lhe wanlng (darker) phase of
Lhe lunar monLh of 8hadrapada (correspondlng Lo AugusL/SepLember) 8ohlnl Lhe brlghLesL sLar
was rlslng whlle dense clouds had gaLhered ln Lhe sky
8efore acLual arrlval Lord manlfesLed Plmself before vasudev and uevakl 1hey felL as lf a full
moon had rlsen ln Lhe easL vasudev saw LhaL an exLraordlnarlly marvellous baby boy was
sLandlng before Lhem Pls eyes were as sofL as loLus Pe had four arms and held a conch mace
wheel and loLus Pe bore kausLubh Manl ln Lhe neck and wore yellow cloLhes valuable
ornamenLs adorned all parLs of hls body 1hus seelng Cod hlmself arrlved as hls son vasudev
was overwhelmed uevakl Loo was over[oyed buL feared kansa flrsL 1hen she [oyfully prayed Lo
Cod Cod sald Lhen uurlng Swayambhu ManvanLar boLh of you had worshlpped me wlLh a
deslre of son vasudev was a ra[apaLl SuLapa whlle you were hls wlfe rlshnl ?ou had
worshlpped me wlLh pure hearLs leased by your penance l had asked you Lo seek a boon so you
had soughL a son llke me ln vlrLues l had arrlved Lhen as your son rlshnlgarbh ln Lhe nexL blrLh
you were kashyapa and AdlLl and l was upendra now ln Lhe Lhlrd blrLh also l have arrlved as
your sonSaylng Lhls Lhe Lord Lransformed Plmself lnLo an ordlnary baby lrom Lhe lnsplraLlon of Cod
vasudev wlshed Lo move Lhe baby ouL of Lhe prlson lnsLanLaneously all Lhe locks of Lhe [all
opened auLomaLlcally and Lhe guards fell asleep Carrylng Lhe baby ln a wlnnower vasudev seL
ouL for Cokul across Lhe rlver ?amuna
lL was ralnlng heavlly so Sheshnaga followed Lhem shadlng Lhe baby wlLh hls hoods vasudev
enLered Lhe rlver ?amuna ?amuna Loo felL over[oyed LhaL her mosL beloved lord has come Lo her
Pence she began Lo rlse ln order Lo Louch Pls feeL uangllng hls feeL behlnd vasudev Cod leL
?amuna Louch Lhem 1ouchlng Lhe feeL Lhe swelllng rlver receded aL once and gave vasudev a
safe passage Crosslng Lhe rlver vasudev reached Cokul 1here he enLered Lhe home of nand
and kepL Lhe baby beslde ?ashoda and Look her new born baby glrl and broughL her Lo Lhe prlson
As soon as vasudev kepL Lhe baby glrl ln uevakls lap Lhe gaLes locked up agaln and Lhe guards
awakened
1he baby who was acLually ?ogamaya (personlflcaLlon of llluslon) began Lo cry 1he guards aL
once ran Lo lnform kansa abouL Lhe blrLh kansa came runnlng and snaLched Lhe baby from
uevakl and proceeded Lo Lhrow her on Lhe sLone 8uL before he could Lhrow her Lhe baby
escaped from hls hands and assumed AshLbhu[l (elghLarmed) uurga appearance ln Lhe sky and
reprlmanded hlm C fool why are you Lrylng Lo klll me when you canL even harm me Lhe one
who wlll klll you has already appearred now sLop kllllng Lhe lnnocenL chlldren kansa sLood
sLunned by Lhe Lalks and appearance of Lhe goddess Coddess 8hagavaLl dlsappeared and became
omnlpresenL She ls now venerable wlLh dlfferenL names ln dlfferenL locaLlons
AfLer Lhe dlsappearance of Coddess (?ogamaya) kansa felL remorse Pe aL once fell aL Lhe feeL of
hls slsLer uevakl and broLherlnlaw vasudev and began Lo beg Lhelr pardon 1hereafLer kansa
released boLh of Lhem ln Lhe mornlng kansa held a dlscusslon wlLh hls mlnlsLers 1he mlnlsLers
who were formldable demons Lhemselves assured kansa LhaL Lhey would klll all Lhe bables born
wlLhln Len days and desLroy Lhe 8rahmlns cows gods asceLlcs and all Lhose who could pose
poLenLlal danger Lo hlm
Shukdev says C arlkshlL Lhe demons were 8a[ogunl (havlng royal vlrLues) and 1amogunl
(vlrLues of darkness) and hence were unable Lo dlfferenLlaLe good from evlls 1helr
exLermlnaLlon was lmmlnenL 1haL was why Lhey culLlvaLed hosLlllLy Lowards salnLs and salnLly
people C klng Lhose who dlsregard salnLly people loose Lhelr llfe wealLh repuLaLlon rellglon
and everyLhlng
lLS1lvl1lLS ln CCkuL CvL8 LC8uS 8l81P
uevakls sevenLh baby was Lransferred before blrLh lnLo Lhe womb of 8ohlnl 1he baby was born
as 8aldev[l AL hls blrLh 8rahmlns blessed nand 8uL laughlngly nand sald C holy 8rahmlns
Lhls baby ls noL mlne lL ls born Lo my frlends wlfe 8rahmlns sald Lhen Ckay 8aba we wlll
reLurn only when your wlfe bears a chlld 1he 8rahmlns LhereafLer organlsed grand worshlps 8y
Lhelr blesslngs ?ashoda concelved
lL was Wednesday Lhe elghLh day ln Lhe darker phase of Lhe lunar monLh 8hadrapada
(AugusL/SepLember) when ?ashoda sald Lo her slsLerlnlaw Sunanda SlsLer klndly wake me up when
Lhe baby Lakes blrLh Sunanda laughed aL LhaL lL was ln facL Lhe lnfluence of
?ogamaya When ?ogamaya Look blrLh all Lhe people around her were fasL asleep and conLlnued
Lo sleep unLll vasudev came Lhere and replaced Lhe baby glrl wlLh baby boy Soon afLer vasudev
lefL ?ashoda awakened from slumber and saw an exLremely beauLlful baby boy beslde her nand
was medlLaLlng Lhen ln Lhe cowshed Pe was lnformed aL once Pls hearL Loo fllled wlLh
supernaLural [oy Pe Look hls baLh and droned new cloLhes 1hen he summoned Lhe 8rahmlns
and goL necessary rlLuals performed Served Lhe gods and hls ancesLors and donaLed cows
cloLhes ornamenLs and cereals Lo Lhe 8rahmlns
As nand was Lhe chlef of vra[ reglon so all Lhe people declded Lo celebraLe babys blrLh All Lhe
houses sLreeLs and lanes were cleaned and sprlnkled wlLh scenLed waLers All Lhe gaLeways were
embelllshed wlLh flags pylons and fesLoons All Lhe vlllagers began Lo gaLher ln and around
nands home Ladlesfolk also felL over[oyed by Lhe news of Lhe blrLh of ?ashodas son Lven Lhe
cows oxen and calves also were adorned beauLlfully 8rahma narada Sanakadl eLc were all
havlng Lhe slghL of lord from heaven Lven Lakshml appeared ln Cokul lllumlnaLlng all Lhe
azlmuLhs Copls (ladlesfolk) decoraLed Lhelr palms wlLh henna anolnLed Lhemselves wlLh ubaLan
(a pasLe composed of gram flour and many herbs supposed Lo enhance beauLy) and Look baLh
1hen Lhey adorned Lhemselves from Llp Lo Loes and seL ouL for nands homes wlLh varlous glfLs
AL nands home Lhey sprlnkled Lhe baby wlLh waLer conLalnlng Lurmerlc and oll and sang
ausplclous songs loudly
1hus when lord appeared ln 8ra[ grand celebraLlon was organlsed ln Pls welcome ausplclous
muslc was played 1he menfolk celebraLed Lhe [oy spraylng one anoLher wlLh mllk curd buLLer
eLc nand presenLed Lhe people generously wlLh cloLhes ornamenLs and cows rlsoners asceLlcs
and beggars were glven alms AL Lhe requesL of nand 8ohlnl herself welcomed Lhe womenfolk
Slnce Lhe arrlval of lord prosperlLy Loo came Lo sLay ln vra[
SALvA1lCn Cl CC1AnA
Shukdev says arlkshlL afLer many days enLrusLlng oLher Copals wlLh Lhe onus of guardlng
Cokul nand wenL Lo MaLhura Lo pay annual Laxes ln kansas courL vasudev Loo learned abouL
hls arrlval and wenL Lo see hlm nand felL over[oyed Lo see vasudev and embraced hlm
affecLlonaLely vasudev asked nand ?our age ls decllnlng now lL ls very forLunaLe now LhaL
you have also goL a son My Son 8alarama and wlfe 8ohlnl are sLaylng wlLh you Pe would be
regardlng you as hls parenLs nand sald 1he evll kansa kllled many of your chlldren Pe dld
noL even spare your daughLer no doubL happlness and sorrow are bound Lo ones faLe
vasudev sald 8roLher now your duLles here are over ?ou should noL sLay here for long
because l fear some dlsLurbances ln Cokul ln your absence Pearlng Lhls nand aL once seL ouL for
Cokul ln Lhe way he reflecLed over Lhe words of vasudev and prayed Cod May Cod
everyLhlng Lhlng be well ln Cokul 1here ln Cokul however a curlous lncldence Look place AfLer
hls dlscusslon wlLh evll mlnlsLers
kansa had senL a cruel ogress ooLana Lo klll all Lhe newly born bables ln hls klngdom ln Lhe
gulse of an exLremely preLLy woman ooLana enLered Cokul She hypnoLlzed Lhe menfolk wlLh
her sweeL smlle and fllrLlng glances She searched newborn bables here and Lhere and enLered nands
home evenLually 8aby Lord krlshna was sleeplng ln Lhe cradle Pe had known abouL her
arrlval buL posed as lf Pe were asleep ooLana ls a form of nonknowledge wlLh an allurlng
ouLward appearance Lord krlshna was only slx days old Lhen
ooLanas breasLs were fllled wlLh polson Such as someone llfLs a sleeplng snake mlsLaklng lL for
a rope Slmllarly ooLana llfLed Lhe baby who proved her deaLh ooLana Look Lhe baby Lo
secluded place and began Lo breasL feed hlm Lord prayed Lo Lord Shlva who came Lo sLay ln Pls
LhroaL and drank all Lhe polson from Lhe mllk 1hereafLer Lhe Lord began Lo suck ooLanas llfe
erplexed ooLana began Lo cry loudly and wrlLhe nervously As her deaLh approached she
regalned her real ogress appearance All Lhe men and women were frlghLened when Lhey saw Lhe
huge formldable body of ooLana 8uL when Lhey saw krlshna playlng nearby Lhelr fear gone
and wlLh [oy Lhey llfLed Lhe baby and sooLhed hlm
Meanwhlle nand and hls fellow Copas Loo arrlved from MaLhura ooLanas body LesLlfled Lhe
LruLh of vasudevs words Copas cuL ooLanas body lnLo many pleces and burnL Lhem ouLslde
Cokul When her body was burnlng a sweeL smell of Agar (a klnd of scenLed wood used ln
lncense maklng) spread all around 8ecause Lord hlmself had fed on her mllk So all her slns
were desLroyed Lord regarded her as hls moLher and hence saved her
klLLlnC Cl SPAkA1
When lord krlshna was LwenLyseven days old a fesLlval was organlsed ln Cokul MaLa ?ashoda
baLhed Lhe baby whlle Lhe 8rahmlns reclLed hymns ?ashoda saw LhaL baby was feellng sleepy
so puLLlng hlm ln a cradle she lefL lL under a carL 1he carL was loaded wlLh plLchers of mllk curd
and buLLer AfLer someLlme lord krlshna awoke and began Lo cry for a feed 8uL amldsL
fesLlvlLles ?ashoda could noL hear hls crles
Meanwhlle a demon ShakaLasur rode Lhe carL wlshlng Lo press Lhe carL and Lhereby klll Lhe Lord
8uL before he could acL Lhe Lord Louched Lhe carL wlLh Pls feeL and lo and behold! 1he carL
Lurned over and all Lhe uLenslls kepL on lL came crashlng down Lven Lhe demon was crushed Lo
deaLh under Lhe carL CLher boys who were playlng nearby lnformed Lhe Copls (ladlesfolk) LhaL
Lhe llLLle kanhalya had Lurned over Lhe loaded carL buL Lhey dld noL belleve Lhe klds ?ashoda ran
ln horror and llfLed Lhe baby ln her lap 1he 8rahmlns reclLed paclfylng hymns Lhen 1hereafLer
Lhe baby was baLhed agaln wlLh sancLlfled waLer A feasL of 8rahmlns followed Lhen ulLlmaLely
Lhey were seen off wlLh many glfLs
SALvA1lCn Cl 18lnAvA81
Cnce MaLa ?ashoda was playlng wlLh Lhe baby lord ln her home All of a sudden she felL as lf
Lhe baby was geLLlng dlsproporLlonaLely heavy Soon she felL herself unable Lo bear Lhe chlld
anymore So she lefL Lhe chlld on Lhe ground and began Lo pray urushaoLLama Lord 8ama Soon
afLerwards she forgoL abouL Lhe evenL buL all was noL over yeL 1rlnavarL a demon mlnlsLer of
kansa had arrlved ln Cokul as a flerce cyclone Pe covered enLlre Cokul wlLh dusL and bllnded
Lhe people Lemporarlly lor a momenL people could noL see anyLhlng and durlng LhaL momenL
1rlnavarL blew Lhe baby ln alr wlLh hlm When Lhe dusL seLLled ?ashoda dld noL flnd Lhe baby krlshna
where she had lefL hlm She felL exLremely sorry and fell on ground ln depresslon CLher
womenfolk also gaLhered round her 1hey Loo began Lo cry noL seelng baby krlshna Lhere
ln Lhe form of cyclone Lhe demon 1rlnavarL had blown baby krlshna wlLh hlm buL he Loo could
noL bear hls heavy burden So he began Lo lose hls veloclLy Lord krlshna caughL hlm by neck
1he demon dled ln a few momenLs and hls dead body fell ln vra[ And ?ashoda goL a new lease
of llfe when she saw baby krlshna safe and sound nand and oLher Copas Loo were over[oyed
nAMlnC Cl LC8u k8lSPnA
Cnce Lhe supreme asceLlc Cargacharya arrlved ln Cokul Pe was Lhe ancesLral Leacher of
?aduvanshls nand [oyfully welcomed and LreaLed Lhe hermlL 1hen he requesLed hlm Lo carry
ouL Lhe rlLual of namlng and suggesL sulLable named for boLh of hls sons Acharya Carg sald C
nand everyone knows LhaL l am Lhe ancesLral Leacher of Lhe ?adavs lf l carry ouL Lhe namlng
rlLual for Lhese boys people wlll undersLand LhaL Lhey are uevakls sons So nand requesLed
Cargacharya Lo name hls sons secreLly Cargacharya accepLed hls requesL and carrled ouL Lhe
namlng rlLuals secreLly ln nands caLLle shed
Carg sald 1hls son of 8ohlnl wlll cause by hls vlrLue greaL pleasures for hls near and dear
ones So hls second name wlll be 8ama And because of excesslve sLrengLh people wlll call hlm
as 8ala also Slnce he wlll unlLe Lhe people also so one of hls names would be Sankarshana
1hereafLer Carg sald polnLlng Lo ?ashodanandan Pe has Laken lncarnaLlon ln every age ln Lhe
pasL ages he had Laken whlLe red and yellow complexlons respecLlvely 1hls Llme he has Laken
dark complexlon so he wlll be known as krlshna Cnce he has been Lhe son of vasudev so
people wlll call hlm as vasudev also Pe wlll cause salvaLlon of all of you and greaL [oy for Lhe
fellow Copas and cows WlLh hls help you wlll overcome even Lhe severe crlses C nand 1hls
boy wlll be equal Lo narayana ln vlrLues wealLh beauLy fame and lnfluence losLer Lhls chlld
wlLh care and earnesLness 1hus namlng Lhe boys as per Lhelr vlrLues Carg reLurned Lo hls
hermlLage
CPlLuPCCu Cl LC8u k8lSPnA
Shukdev says C arlkshlL Llme passed ln Cokul as usual 8alarama and krlshna Loo grew
normally Soon Lhey began Lo walk on knees and palms WlLh Lhelr chlldlsh plays Lhey boLh
amused men and women folk of Cokul Lveryone Look speclal care of Lhem and looked afLer
Lhem Lo save Lhem from any posslble danger Ladlesfolk were speclally careful abouL Lhem
Soon afLerwards boLh Lhe klds began Lo walk LroLLlngly now Lhelr movemenL no longer conflned
wlLhln Lhe boundary of Lhelr home 8ecause of hls speclal vlrLues krlshna began Lo lead oLher
klds of hls age group whereas hls elder broLher 8alarama was somewhaL serlous ln naLure
krlshna speclally en[oyed Leaslng Lhe glrls and mllkmalds of Cokul CfLen he would eaL sLeallng
Lhelr mllk curd and buLLer AL oLher Llmes Pe dld noL heslLaLe even Lo break Lhelr plLchers ln
such slLuaLlons Lhe ladlesfolk used Lo gaLher ln nands home Lo complaln agalnsL krlshna And every Llme
?ashoda promlsed Lhem Lo punlsh krlshna 8uL every Llme when she proceeded Lo
punlsh hlm she forgoL everyLhlng before hls sweeL lnnocenL smlle
Cne day 8alarama complalned agalnsL krlshna Ma Lhe llLLle kanhalya has eaLen mud
Worrled abouL krlshnas healLh ?ashoda scolded aL hlm 1ell me C mlschlevous krlshna why
dld you eaL mud AL LhaL momenL llLLle krlshnas eyes were movlng wlLh fear Pe made an
excuse no Ma l have noL eaLen any mud 1hey are Lelllng yoou a lle lf you donL belleve me
see yourself Saylng Lhls krlshna opened hls llLLle mouLh ?ashoda peeped lnLo hls mouLh and
whaL she saw Lhere amazed her She could noL belleve lL 1he enLlre unlverse was vlslble ln hls
llLLle mouLh ?ashoda saw sLrange places enLlre vra[ and even herself ln Lhe llLLle mouLh of
krlshna She felL dlzzy WlLh hls llluslonary powers Lord wlped ouL Lhe memory of Lhls
lncldence from Lhe mlnd of ?ashoda and she agaln lmmersed ln love wlLh her chlld
ukPAL 8AnuPAn Anu SALvA1lCn Cl
?AMALA8!unA
Cnce wlshlng Lo feed krlshna wlLh buLLer ?ashoda began Lo churn mllk ln Lhe mornlng very
soon krlshna Loo awakened and noL flndlng Lhe moLher on her bed Pe seL ouL Lo search her
Soon Pe found her ln Lhe courLyard where she was churnlng Lhe mllk Pe began Lo lnslsL for
breasL feedlng aL once So ?ashoda sLopped churnlng and began Lo breasL feed krlshna AffecLlon
played on her face Suddenly Lhe mllk kepL on Lhe flre poL began Lo boll ?ashoda lefL krlshna ln
order Lo aLLend Lhe bolllng mllk 8uL Lhe unsLlaLed krlshna fllled wlLh anger and broke Lhe plLcher
of curd 1hen he wenL lnslde and began Lo eaL buLLer when ?ashoda came back she undersLood
Lhe maLLer and began Lo search hlm wlLh a sLlck ln her hand AfLer eaLlng buLLer hlmself krlshna
was now feedlng Lhe monkeys wlLh lL Seelng Lhe moLher come ln hoL pursulL krlshna [umped
over Lhe morLar and ran away ?ashoda chased hlm buL soon felL Llred because of her bulky
body
1hereafLer ?ashoda proceeded Lo Lle krlshna as a punlshmenL She goL a rope and Lrled Lo Lle
krlshna 8uL Lhe rope fell shorL by Lwo flngers She [olned many ropes LogeLher buL Lhe resulL was
same Lvery Llme Lhe ropes fell shorL by Lwo flngers Soon ?ashoda was baLhlng ln sweaL When
krlshna saw hls moLher ln depresslon he hlmself Lled ln Lhe ropes 1eLherlng llLLle krlshna Lo a
heavy morLar ?ashoda engaged ln usual household Lasks 1eLhered Lo Lhe morLar krlshna
glanced aL Lhe Lwo Ar[una Lrees whlch were sLandlng on Lhe gaLe llke Lwo senLrles Pe resolved
Lo save Lhem
klng arlkshlL asked Shukdev abouL Lhe Lrees Shukdev sald arlkshlL Lhe lord of wealLh
kubera had Lwo sons nalkubar and Manlgreev Cne day Lhey were en[oylng Lhe sweeL company
of preLLy women on Lhe bank of Mandaklnl rlver !usL by colncldence uevarshl narada arrlved
Lhere CuL of Shyness Lhe women folk aL once covered Lhemselves buL boLh Lhe sons of kubera
sLood boldly wlLhouL feellng any shame lndlgnanL narada cursed Lhem Lo become Lrees and sLay
ln LhaL form for one hundred years narada showed klndness as well LhaL desplLe belng ln Lree
forms Lhey would have Lhe memory of Cod allve and would be saved by Lord Srl krlshna 1hus
Lo keep Lhe words of hls supreme devoLee narada Lord dragged Lhe morLar Lo Lhe Lwo Ar[una
Lrees Pe walked ln such a way LhaL Lhe morLar goL sLuck beLween Lhe Lrees krlshna Lhen pulled Lhe
morLar and ln no Llme Lhe Lrees were uprooLed 1wo dlvlne men appeared from Lhe uprooLed
Lrees and bowed aL Lhe feeL of krlshna and prayed hlm wlLh pure hearLs 1hen Lhey deparLed Lo
Lhelr heavenly abode
MlC8A1lCn 1C v8lnuAvAnA
1he uprooLed Ar[una Lrees fell wlLh Lhunderlng sound All Lhe people shlvered wlLh fear and felL
as lf llghLnlng had sLruck somewhere All Lhe elders lncludlng nand meL LogeLher and dlscussed
Lhe maLLer unanlmously Lhey concluded LhaL of laLe dlsLurbance had lncreased ln Cokul and Lhe
clrcumsLances were no longer conduclve Lo ralse Lhe klds llke 8alarama and krlshna Lhere So
Lhey unanlmously declded Lo leave Cokul and mlgraLe Lo a verdanL place named vrlndavana ln
Lhelr oplnlon vrlndavana had ample vegeLaLlon and ferLlllLy Lo supporL Lhem and Lhelr caLLles
1hus on an ausplclous day Lhe enLlre populaLlon of Cokul seL ouL for vrlndavana 1hey packed
Lhelr households on bullock carLs and drove Lhelr caLLles ln herds and sLarLed ln convoy ln
vrlndavana Lhey bullL Lhelr houses and sLarLed Lhelr llfe once agaln
Shukdev says C arlkshlL verdanL envlronmenL of vrlndavana Covardhan mounLaln and
crysLal clear waLers and sandy banks of ?amuna rlver LogeLher fllled Lhe hearLs of 8alarama and
krlshna wlLh [oy Along wlLh Lhe fellow cowherds Lhey began dlverse klnds of plays Lhere
SALvA1lCn Cl vA1SASu8
Cne day 8alarama and krlshna were grazlng Lhelr caLLles on Lhe bank of ?amuna 8lver A
demon meanwhlle Look Lhe gulse of a calf and mlxed wlLh Lhe herd Cbvlously he had
mallclous lnLenLlons Lord krlshna had already seen Lhe demon Laklng calfs gulse and mlxlng up
wlLh Lhe herd Pe slgnaled 8alarama and Lhey LogeLher reached near Lhe calf 1he calf appeared
parLlcularly healLhy so krlshna and 8alarama mocklngly saw lL wlLh admlrlng eyes Suddenly
Lhey held Lhe calf wlLh lLs hlnd legs and Lall Lwlrllng lL ln alr Lhey Lhrew lL ln Lhe sky When Lhe
demon dled Lhey Lhrew hlm on a kaLh (woodapple) Lree
SALvA1lCn Cl 8AkASu8
Cne day all Lhe cowherds Look Lhelr caLLles Lo a large pond Lo leL Lhem drlnk waLer 1here Lhey
say a huge creaLure slLLlng llke a hlllock on Lhe bank 1hey were frlghLened by lLs appearance
1he creaLure was ln facL a demon named 8akasur who had arrlved Lhere ln Lhe gulse of a sLorke
Pe was hlmself very sLrong and had a long polnLed blll As soon as Lhe cowherds drew near hlm
1he sLorke hasLlly plcked up krlshna and swallowed hlm CLher cowherds lncludlng 8alarama
were sLupefled 1hey could noL belleve Lhelr eyes 8uL lnslde Lhe beak Lord krlshna made
hlmself exLremely hoL and caused severe burnlng ln demons LhroaL So Lhe demon could noL
swallow krlshna and regurglLaLed hlm and began Lo hlL hlm wlLh hls sLrong beak 8uL Lord held
hls beak wlLh boLh hls hands and Lore Lhe demons mouLh aparL And as son as Lhe demon dled a
rlpple of [oy surged among Lhe cowherds SALvA1lCn Cl ACPASu8
Cne day krlshna planned a plcnlc near nandanvan So rlslng early ln Lhe mornlng Pe awakened
hls fellow cowherds soundlng a horn 1ogeLher all Lhe cowherds and Lhelr caLLles wenL Lo Lhe
foresL 1here on Lhe bank of ?amuna rlver Lhey began Lo play [oyfully
nandanvana was ln facL an abode of Lhe demon Aghasur Pe was senL Lhere by kansa Seelng Lhe
boys playlng he felL exLremely [ealous knowlng LhaL krlshna had kllled hls broLhers 8akasur
and slsLer ooLana lL seemed an ldeal momenL for Lhe demon Lo avenge Lhe deaLh of hls slbllngs
1hlnklng Lhus Lhe demon Look gulse of pyLhon and lay ln Lhe way and openlng hls mouLh llke an
openlng of a cave 1he cowherds Loo fell ln hls Lrap 1hus drlven by curloslLy all Lhe cowherds
enLered Lhe demon mouLh one by one When Lord krlshna saw LhaL hls frlends had enLered
demons mouLh Pe Loo enLered lL Lo proLecL Lhem Aghasur wanLed Lo masLlcaLe Lhe cowherds
lncludlng lord krlshna buL Lhe lord lncreased hls body and choked demon LhroaL now Lhe breaLh
of demon sLopped Pls eyes rolled over and aL lasL hls llfe lefL hls body Lhrough 8rahmrandhra
(cosmlc pore) WlLh hls ambroslal eye Lord resurrecLed Lhese dead fellows and Lhelr caLLles and
LogeLher Lhey came ouL of Lhe demons mouLh As soon as Lhe demon dled a dlvlne flame
emerged from Lhe pyLhons mouLh lL walLed Lhere someLlme for Cod And when lord krlshna
came ouL Lhe flame mlngled wlLh hlm
A11ACPMLn1 Cl 88APMA S1LALlnC Cl CA11LL
and CCWPL8uS
Shukdev says arlkshlL Lhe cowherds Lold Lhe Lale of Aghasurs salvaLlon Lo Lhelr parenLs only
afLer a year of Lhe lncldence uurlng LhaL perlod of one year Lord krlshna mulLlplled hlmself and
Look Lhe gulse of hls fellow cowherd and Lhelr sLock of caLLles Lo remove Lhe llluslon of
8rahmawho was Lhe cause of Lhe followlng lncldence
AfLer Aghasurs llfe mlngled wlLh Cod Lord krlshna came wlLh Lhls fellow cowherd on Lhe bank
of ?amuna 1hey lefL Lhelr caLLles Lo graze freely and Lhey saL LogeLher Lo Lake Lhelr lunch All of
Lhe cowherds LasLed oneanoLhers food as Lhey wanLed Lo feed krlshna wlLh Lhe LasLy food
Meanwhlle surprlsed by Aghasurs salvaLlon 8rahma Loo had arrlved Lhelr and saw krlshna
eaLlng food deflled by Lhe cowherds WlLh LhaL slghL 8rahma grew susplclous lf krlshna was
lndeed an lncarnaLlon of lord 1hus drlven by Lhe llluslon and Lo LesL Lhe auLhenLlclLy of lords
lncarnaLlon 8rahma kldnapped all Lhe caLLles flrsL and when krlshna wenL ouL Lo search Lhe
caLLles 8rahma kldnapped and concealed Lhe cowherds also Soon lord krlshna undersLood Lhe
crafLlness of 8rahma so he mulLlpllcaLed hlmself lnLo hls fellow cowherds and caLLles 8epllcas
resembled Lruly Lo Lhe cowherds ln appearance complexlon naLure acLlvlLles volce sLlcks and
even ln cosLumes 1he repllcas remaln ln exlsLence for compleLe one year
8ack Lhere when 8rahma reLurned afLer hldlng Lhe cowherds and Lhe caLLles he was sLunned Lo
see Lhe cowherds and caLLles as usual 8rahma was feellng dlzzy when lord besLowed hls grace
on hlm 8rahma saw narayana ln every dusL parLlcle 8rahma Lherefore bowed hls head aL Lhe
feeL of lord and sald C lord l submlL before you ?ou can be won only wlLh devoLlon and noL
by ego no one can know your omnlpresenL appearance 1hus praylng and worshlpplng lord narayana
8rahma reLurned Lo hls abode Shukdev says 1he cowherds remalned separaLed from
Cod for one year 8uL Lhey felL as lf only half a second had passed because of Lhe llluslonary
lnfluence of Cod 1haL ls why Lhey relaLed Lhe lncldence of Aghasurs kllllng Lo Lhelr parenLs only
afLer a year lL Look place
SALvA1lCn Cl uPLnukASu8
When krlshna and 8alarama enLered slxLh year of Lhelr ages Lhey goL Lhe permlsslon Lo Lake Lhe
caLLles ouL for grazlng Along wlLh Lhelr fellow cowherds Lhe Lwo broLhers Loo began Lo Lake Lhelr
caLLle Lo vrlndavana 1hus Lhey sancLlfled Lhe earLh of vrlndavana wlLh Lhelr plous feeL Seelng
Lhe beauLy of vrlndavana wlLh beauLlful colourful flowers and sweeL frulLs Lord krlshna felL
over[oyed Pe Lhen used Lo graze hls caLLles aL Lhe fooLhllls of Covardhan and on Lhe banks of
?amuna 8lver laylng fluLe was hls favourlLe pass Llme Cne day krlshnas beloved frlend
Sudama sald kanhalya Lhere ls a beauLlful foresL name 1alvana lL has uncounLable numbers of
Lrees laden wlLh rlpe frulLs 8uL a formldable demon uhenukasur guards LhaL foresL Pe ls very
sLrong So no one even anlmals and blrds doesnL go Lhere 8uL we are LempLed Lo eaL Lhose
sweeL dellclous frulLs lf you and uau (8alarama) wlsh we may go Lhere and eaL Lhose dellclous
frulLs
1hus hearlng Lhls krlshna and 8alarama gulded all of Lhem Lo 1alvana 1here Lhey shook Lhe
Lrees and ln no Llme a heap of rlpe dellclous frulLs gaLhered under Lhe Lrees All Lhe cowherds
began Lo eaL frulLs Whlle eaLlng Lhey were also maklng loL of nolses ulsLurbed by Lhe sound of
frulLs falllng and nolse of Lhe cowherds Lhe demon uhenukasur arrlved Lhere as a donkey Pe
was braylng loudly and Lrled Lo hlL 8alarama buL 8alarama caughL hlm by hls hlnd legs and
Lhrew hlm ln Lhe alr 1he demon dled ln an lnsLance Slnce LhaL day everyone vlslLed 1alvana
fearlessly and Lhe caLLles grazed Lhere freely
C8ACL Cn kALl?A 1PL nACA
Cne day 8alakrlshna arrlved on Lhe banks of ?amuna wlLh Lhelr frlends 8alarama was noL
wlLh Lhem LhaL day 1he waLer of Lhe rlver ?amuna was LoxlcaLed by Lhe polson of kallya 1he
naga lL was excepLlonally hoL LhaL day and all Lhe cowherds and caLLles were very LhlrsLy So
wlLhouL glvlng any LhoughL Lhey all drank Lhe waLer from ?amuna and dled 8uL Lord krlshna
resurrecLed Lhem by hls ambroslal slghL
1hen lord krlshna declded Lo purlfy Lhe waLers of ?amuna 1hus Lylng a cloLh round hls walsL
krlshna cllmbed a Cadamb Lree and [umped lnLo Lhe rlver ln Lhe waLer Lhe lord sLarLed playlng
and splashlng waLer Soon Lhe waves began Lo rlse hlgh When kallya Lhe naga heard Lhe nolse
Pe goL exLremely angry and appeared before krlshna Pe saw a beauLlful Lender dark
complexloned boy playlng [oyfully ln Lhe waLers Pe sLung hlm and Lled hlm ln hls splrals 1led
ln Lhe splrals of kallya lord became absoluLely moLlonless Seelng krlshna ln deaLh llke
slLuaLlon all Lhe cowherds and even Lhe cows felL very sorry !usL Lhen lord freed hlmself from
Lhe hold of kallya 1hen a game of hlde and seek began beLween Lhem Lord dodged Lhe naga
for a long Llme 1hereafLer he rode on kallyas hood and began Lo dance Lhere 1he followers of Cod llke
Candharvas eLc began Lo play Mrldang uhol eLc Lo glve hlm a
company 1lred from Lhe blows of lords feeL kallya soon began Lo vomlL blood nagas wlves
began Lo pray Cod C lord your lncarnaLlon ls Lo punlsh Lhe evll ones for Lhelr slns ?ou have
shown your grace on us also We are forLunaLe Lo have a slghL and Louch of your feeL lLy C lord
1hls naga can no longer bear your momenLum Pe wlll dle We are all your slaves kallya ls our
lord klndly forglve hlm WlLh klndness lord released kallya who prayed Lhus C lord ln your
creaLlon we snakes represenL 1amoguna (dark vlrLues) We are confused by your llluslons Lord
dlcLaLed kallya Lo mlgraLe wlLh hls famlly Lo 8amnakdweep Slnce Lhen waLer of ?amuna
became pure for humans and anlmals
u8lnklnC Cl uAvAnAL (lC8LS1 ll8L)
AfLer defeaLlng kallya Lord krlshna and all oLher people of vra[ felL exLremely Llred 1hey were
very hungry and LhlrsLy also So Lhey dld noL go back Lo vrlndavana buL sLayed on Lhe bank of
?amuna ln Lhe nlghL 8ecause of lnLense heaL of summer surroundlng foresLs had been Srlvelled
AL mldnlghL Lhose Srlvelled foresLs caughL flre and Lhe sleeplng people were engulfed by lL 1hey
awakened sLarLled and Look shelLer aL krlshna Seelng Lhelr horrlfled appearance Lord krlshna
drank Lhe lnfernal foresL flre and Lhus saved Lhe llves of lnnocenL people who had resLed Lhelr
llves aL hlm wlLh falLh
SALvA1lCn Cl 8ALAM8ASu8
Cne day 8alarama and krlshna were playfully grazlng Lhelr caLLles along wlLh oLher cowherds ln
Lhe foresLs When a demon ralamb arrlved Lhere wlLh an lnLenLlon of kldnapplng krlshna and
8alarama 1he demon had come ln Lhe gulse of a cowherd buL Lhe Cod easlly recognlsed hlm
1hey accepLed hls proposal of frlendshlp buL were Lhlnklng abouL Lhe way for hls salvaLlon Cod
LhereafLer summoned all hls frlends and sald als Loday we shall dlvlde ourselves ln Lo Lwo
Leams and play [oyfully 1hus Lhe Leams were dlvlded and each Leam chose krlshna and
8alarama as lLs capLaln respecLlvely lL was sLlpulaLed LhaL Lhe members of defeaLed Leam would
carry Lhe members of wlnner Leam on Lhelr back up Lo Lhe place polnLed by Lhem 1hus Lhe game
began and soon boLh Lhe Leams reached a secluded place
AL one Llme Lhe Leam headed by 8alarama won So Lhe members of krlshnas Leam were Lo carry
Lhem on Lhelr back uemon ralambasur offered 8alarama a rlde on hls back 8alarama agreed Lo
rlde on Lhe demons back buL as soon as he rode on Lhe demons back Lhe demon galloped 8uL
he could noL go far for noL belng able Lo bear 8alaramas welghL 1hem Lhe demon regalned hls
huge formldable slze and Lrled Lo escape by flylng llrsL 8alarama felL Lerrorlzed buL soon he
reallsed hls real powers and hlL on Lhe demons head wlLh a powerful flsL 1he blow shaLLered
demons head and he fell on earLh dead llke a huge mounLaln
vLnu CLL1
Srl Shukadeva says C klng mosL of Lhe Llme of Lord krlshnas boyhood passed ln vrlndavana
1here he grazed caLLles and played fluLe Pls fluLe had a dlvlne enchanLlng sound1he Copls
(glrls) gaLhered around hlm under Lhe lnfluence of enchanLlng Lunes1hey also heard Lhe enchanLlng
venu geeL LhaL fllls one hearLs wlLh Lhe memory of 8hagavaL
Cne of Lhe glrl sald Lo her frlend C dear frlend Pavlng Lhe prlvllege of seelng Lords beauLy and
recevlng hls klndness ls Lhe real salvaLlon AnoLher glrl sald C frlend whaL penance Lhls fluLe
had observed LhaL lL has goL a closer conLacL wlLh llps of nandnandan (an eplLheL for krlshna)
Lven Lhe slbllngs of Lhls fluLe Lrees and oLher vegeLaLlons are pleased wlLh lLs forLune and are
hence showerlng Lhelr leaves and flowers on hlm Cne more sald C frlend look even
8hagavaLl Lakshml has lefL her luxurlous abode ln valkunLh and arrlved ln vrlndavana Lo have a
look of lord uevaklnandan A Copl expressed her [ealousy Lven Lhls doe ls beLLer Lhan us C
frlends look how engrossed ls she looklng aL Cod LhaL her eyes are noL bllnklng
Pearlng Lhe sweeL enchanLlng Lunes of fluLe even Lhe heavenly elves gaLher ln Lhe sky over
vrlndavana 1hey also see Lhe beauLy of lord krlshna and showered Lhe flowers of Lhelr bralds on
hlm Lven Lhe cows forgoL grazlng when Lhen heard Lhe enchanLlng muslc of fluLe 1he calves Loo
forgoL drlnklng mllk and began Lo look aL lord krlshna wlLh [oy 1hls ls Lhe real devoLlon for lord
krlshna ?ou have Lo forgeL yourself ln order Lo flnd hlm CondlLlon of glrls of vrlndavana was
exacLly Lhe same AfLer havlng Lhe slghL of lord krlshna Lhey remembered noLhlng noL even Lhe
way back Lo home 1hey sLood ln Lhe foresLs ln a Lrance compleLely Llred unaware of Lhelr self
A glrl sald polnLlng Lo Lhe fauna Look C frlends look aL Lhese blrds uo you know LhaL Lhese
blrds were Lhe salnLs and sages ln Lhelr prevlous blrLhs ln Lhls blrLh also Lhey are slLLlng ln a sLaLe
of Lrance Look Lhey have forgoLLen Lhelr knowledge hearlng Lhe sweeL enchanLlng muslc of Lhe
fluLe And look aL ?amuna[l She ls also ale Lo conLaln her exhllaraLlon She ls eagerly spalshlng
her waves Lo wash lords feeL ?eL anoLher glrl sald Look frlends Lhe clouds cannoL see Lhelr lord
scorchlng ln Lhe sun So Lhey have covered Lhe sun and shaded Lord krlshna now Lhey are
drlzzllng as lf showerlng peLals A glrl sald lrlends look Lhese 8heelanls are beLLer Lhan us
1hey have such a sLrong urge of krlshnas slghL LhaL when Covlnd reLurns home Lhey smear Lhelr
body wlLh dusLs of hls feeL 8lessed ls Lhls mounLaln whlch has dedlcaLed lLs enLlre self ln Lhe feeL
of 8ra[nandan and feels over[oyed lL ls hls supreme devoLee kanhalya has lnfused even nonllvlng Lhlngs
wlLh llfe by hls sweeL Lunes of fluLe
S1LALlnC Cl CLC1PLS
1he unmarrled glrls of vrlndavana felL as lf Lhelr llves were dedlcaLed Lo Lord krlshna Lach of
Lhem wlshed hearLly Lo have lord krlshna as her husband So ln order Lo geL Lhelr deslre fulfllled
all of Lhe splnsLer glrls of vra[ began Lo Lake baLh ln ?amuna early ln mornlng of PemanL season
and worshlpped goddess kaLyayanl When MadanMohan learned LhaL Lhe splnsLers glrls wlshed
Lo marry hlm Pe wenL Lo see Lhem aL dawn 1he glrls were baLhlng naked ln Lhe rlver 1helr
cloLhes were kepL on Lhe bank Lord krlshna sLealLhy Look Lhose cloLhes and cllmbed on a
Cadamb Lree Lord had noL sLolen Lhelr cloLhes wlLh mallclous lnLenLlons Pe had sLolen Lhem Lo
remove Lhelr flaws and make Lhem reallze Lhelr real appearance LhaL Lhey were noL mere glrls buL
pure souls WlLhouL reallzaLlon of Lhe real self one can noL experlence Lhe Cod
1he glrl were ln facL Lhe hymns of vedas Sadhana Slddhls Sages and 8rahmvldyas (vedas)
Lhemselves LhaL Look Lhe gulse of glrls Lo en[oy Lhe vlclnlLy of Cod Cod removed Lhelr cloLhes
LhaL symbollzed lusL 8ecause of Lhe lords grace Lhey all were able Lo en[oy Cods company
Shukadeva says C arlkshlL 1hus Lord krlshna removed Lhe shyness of Lhe glrls of vra[ Lhrough hls
sweeL Lalks Pe derlded aL Lhem made Lhem dance llke puppeLs and even sLole Lhelr
cloLhes when Lhey were baLhlng naked buL Lhey dld noL deLer hls acLlons lnsLead Lhey felL
over[oyed by Lhe close presence of Lhelr beloved kanha
Lll1lnC Cl CCvA8uPAn
Shukhdev[l says C arlkshlL one day 8alarama and krlshna saw LhaL many dellclous klnd of
sweeLmeaLs were belng cooked aL home WlLh curloslLy and pollLeness Lhey asked nand and
oLher elders laLher whlch fesLlval are you preparlng for? Whlch god wlll be worshlpped? WhaL
purpose wlll such worshlp serve? nand 8aba explalned Sons uevara[ lndra ls Lhe god of
clouds lL ls because of lndras grace we geL raln So Lhese maLerlals are belng prepared Lo
worshlp lndra
krlshna sald laLher every creaLure ln Lhe world en[oys comforLs or suffers as per hls faLe none
of Lhe gods can change Lhe resulLs AcLlon ls prlme ln Lhe world Cne geLs Lhe resulLs as per hls
acLlons Lven lndra ls Cod as a resulL of hls acLlon Any one who performs one hundred
Ashvamegh ?agyas becomes lndra 8uL even afLer performlng crores of Ashvmegh ?agyas one
can noL geL a sLay ln vra[ lL ls Lhe duLy of lndra Lo cause raln So lL wlll raln even lf you donL
worshlp lndra 8uL Lo feed Lhe poors and saLlsfy Lhem wlLh cloLhes and oLher glfLs ls real worshlp
8y Lhelr blesslng we shall be more happler l deslre LhaL wlLh all Lhese maLerlals we should
worshlp Clrlra[ Covardhan and dlsLrlbuLe Lhe prasad among Lhe poors WlLh whlch Lhelr souls
wlll be saLed and wlll have Lhe grace of Cod
1hus Lord krlshna Lold hls faLher LhaL all Lhe people should worshlp unlLedly and unlLedly Lhey
should recelve prasad lf you are ready Lo do as per my deslre lLs all rlghL oLherwlse l wlll noL
worshlp your haughLy god nor recelve hls prasad
1hus convlnced by kanhalyas wlse reasonlng all Lhe gopas agreed Lo hlm nand 8aba sald C
krlshna we are maklng all Lhese preparaLlon for you only and we wlll do as you say We wlll
worshlp Covardhan lor us Covardhan ls also llke a god lL glves us grass waLer and fuel eLc
whlch are necessary for our llves 1hus wlLh lords consenL Lhey dropped Lhelr plan Lo worshlp
lndra and resolved Lo worshlp Covardhan falLhfully
WC8SPl Cl CCvA8uPAn
Cn Lhe urnlma (full moon) day ln Lhe monLh of karLlk (november) all Lhe Copas (people of
vra[ reglon) gaLhered near mounL Covardhan uurlng Lhe nlghL all of Lhem clrcumambulaLed Lhe
mounLaln Lord lnvoked Lhe Canges by hls wlsh and baLhed Covardhan wlLh her waLer1hen Lhey
puL vermlllon on lL offered basllleaves flowers eLc and worshlpped lL 8rahmlns reclLed hymns
ln lLs pralse 1o make Lhe people belleve ln Lhelr rlLuals Lord krlshna hlmself appeared on Lhe
mounLaln ln huge form and exclalmed l am Clrlra[ (Lhe klng of Lhe mounLaln) and began Lo eaL
Lhe offerlngs 8uL he as a chlld was sLlll among Lhe vlllagers who falLhfully bowed before Lhe
mounLaln Among Lhem Lhe chlld krlshna sald look whaL a surprlse Clrlra[ has appeared
hlmself and besLowed hls grace on us Pe has accepLed our worshlp 1here afLer all Lhe Copas
dlsLrlbuLed rasad among Lhemselves and felL supremely saLlsfledAnC8? 8L1ALlA1lCn Cl lnu8A
Shukadeva sayd arlkshlL when lndra learned LhaL Lhe Copas had sLopped worshlpplng hlm he
grew ouLrageous ln anger he ordered Lhe clouds Lo raln LorrenLlally over vra[ and cause heavy
flood ln vra[ reglon ln no Llme dense clouds gaLhered over vra[ Soon Lhere was llghLlng
Lhunder darkness and sLorm all around 1hen lL ralned LorrenLlally All Lhe people Look refuge aL
Lord krlshna and prayed hlm Lo save Lhem from Lhe anger of lndra Lord krlshna sald 1hose
who regard me as Lhere are mlne and l am Lhelrs So Lhere ls no need Lo worry for you
Saylng Lhls Lord llfLed Clrlra[ on hls llLLle flnger and called all Lhe people of vra[ along wlLh
Lhelr caLLles under Lhe lee of Covardhan 1hen he ordered hls wheel Sudarshan Lo absorb Lhe
waLer of Lhe clouds so LhaL noL even a slngle drop could fall on earLh 1hus for seven days
conLlnuously Lord balanced Covardhan on Lhe llLLle flnger1hus Lord krlshna also came Lo be
known as Clrldharl eople who had gaLhered around hlm [usL kepL on seelng Lords moonllke
face and hence dld noL feel LhlrsLy or hungryln facL Lhe comforLs Lhose people goL durlng Lhose
seven days are beyond verbal descrlpLlon Lord held Covardhan on one hand and conch ln Lhe
oLher whlle wlLh Lhe remalnlng Lwo hands Pe began Lo play Lhls fluLe Pearlng Lhe Lunes of hls
fluLe all Lhe people of vra[ began Lo dance wlLh [oy AfLer Lhe ralns sLopped all of Lhem reLurned
Lo Lhelr homes
When lndra learned abouL Lhe happenlngs ln vra[ he soon reallsed hls mlsLake lndra hlmself
reached vra[ and begged lord for hls pardon 1hen he gave lord a ceremonlal baLh wlLh Lhe mllk
of Surabhl lor proLecLlng Lhe cows Lhus Lhe Lord also goL one more name Covlnd
8AS LLLLA
Shukadeva relaLed Lo arlkshlL Lhe Lale of kamadevs humlllaLlon Srldhar Swaml calls 8asleela
as kamavl[ay leela (defeaLlng of kamadeva Plndu equlvalenL of cupld) !agad guru
8allabhacharya[l decrlbes lL as Lords ulvy vlhar (dlvlne en[oymenL) 1he purpose of descrlblng
Lhls Lale ls [usL LhaL common people should reflecL on Lhe selfless love of Copls for Lord krlshna
and experlence Lhe love of Cod for Lhem as well
Lord ls an embodlmenL of 8asa (leasure)
AfLer conquerlng 8rahma and oLher gods ego of kamadev had surged Lo greaL helghLs Pe
Lherefore requesLed Cod Lo quench hls LhlrsL for war Cod lnvlLed kamadev Lo vlslL vrlndavana
on Lhe nlghL of Sharad urnlma (lull moon nlghL) ln season precedlng wlnLer) and Lold hlm LhaL
on LhaL dlvlne nlghL Pe would en[oy Lhe company of crores of Copls lf l have sllghLesL passlon
for any of Lhem you wlll wln oLherwlse you wlll lose
1haL nlghL Lord krlshna added more dlvlnlLy more brllllance Lo lL wlLh a resoluLlon of 8as wlLh
Lhe help of ?ogmaya (personlfled llluslon) lL was a perfecL nlghL for Lhe purpose flowers
bloomed ln vrlndavana full moon shone and genLle cool breeze blew from Lhe banks of rlver
?amuna AmldsL Lhls sLlmulaLlng amblence Lord krlshna began Lo play an enchanLlng Lune on
hls fluLe 1he Lune aLLracLed CoplsLhelr passlon surged Lo lLs zenlLh and under Lhe lnfluence of love for
lord krlshna and as lf ln Lrance all of Lhem ran Lo meeL Lhelr beloved kanhalya leavlng
all Lhelr fear 8ondages paLlence and shyness behlnd Some of Lhem were lnLercepLed by Lhelr
husbands and dragged back Lo home 8uL only Lhelr physlcal bodles sLayed puL Lhelr souls
reached vrlndavana
ln vrlndavana on Lhe bank of ?amuna Copls saw vrlndavana vlharl (eplLheL for krlshna) near
Lhelr famlllar cadamb Lree ?ogmaya adorned all Lhe Copls from Llp Lo Loe ln facL Lhose Copls
were noL ordlnary women
arlkshlL asked Copls had noL regarded krlshna as arbrahma WhaL was Lhe basls for Lhelr
passlon Lhen? Shukadeva sald When a wreLched person llke Shlshupal who always abused lord
krlshna could flnd supreme poslLlon Lhere should be no doubL for Copls who had such a
profound passlon for Lord So Copls arrlved and gaLhered around Lord krlshna
1o LesL Lhelr devoLlon and Lo enhance Lhe honor of kamadev krlshna sald Lo Lhem C Copls Lhe
pure ones lL ls noL flL for you Lo sLay here aL Lhls hour of nlghL Co and serve your husbands
?our duLles musL be flrsL Lo your husbands chlldren and cows 1hey wlll be walLlng for you
eagerly Co and console Lhem ?ou can galn me by hearlng reclLlng seelng eLc ?ou need noL slL
here Co Lo your homes
Copls however sald Covlnd we have come Lo you leavlng all Lhe mundane lusLs behlnd now
golng back ls llke rulnlng over llveslL ls Lhe greaLesL mlsforLune lf someone reLurns Lo mundane
affalrs even afLer belng aL your feeL 1hese words LhaL reflecLed dlvlne feellngs of Copls pleased
Lord Pe began Lo en[oy Lhelr company 8uL a feellng of ego began Lo creep ln Lhe mlnds of
Copls because of lords closeness 1hey began Lo assume Lhemselves as hlghly forLunaLe 1o
remove Lhelr ego Lord dlsappeared rlghL among Lhem
l1lA8LL CCnul1lCn Cl CClS ln CCuS A8SLnCL
AfLer Lhe dlsappearance of Cod Copls were perplexed 1helr hearLs burned wlLh deslre 1hey
had dedlcaLed Lhelr enLlre selves ln Lhe feeL of Lord 1hey were enLlrely merged ln Lhe love of
krlshna 1hus drlven by passlon Copls began Lo search Lord krlshna 1hey asked Lrees
creepers vegeLaLlons for Lhe whereabouLs of Lhelr beloved 1hey Lhen spoLLed Pls fooLprlnLs aL
one place looLprlnLs of 8adha were also Lhere lndeed Pe would have carrled her LhaL greaL
forLunaLe one on Pls shoulders 1hey LhoughL
Lord had lndeed afLer dlsappearlng from amldsL Copls Laken 8adha Lo an lsolaLed place She
had Lhen began Lo Lhlnk herself superlor Lo oLher Copls So aL one place she sald C Lord l canL
walk now My Lender feeL are Llred klndly carry me on your shoulders Lo wherever you wlsh
AL her requesL Lord krlshna agreed Lo carry her on hls shoulder 8uL as soon as she proceeded Lo
rlde Lord dlsappeared from Lhere also now 8adha[ began Lo cry and wall and falnLed AL Lhe
same Llme oLher Copls also reached Lhere and found 8adha lylng unconsclous on Lhe ground All
of Lhem lncludlng 8adha Lhen reLurned Lo Lhe bank of ?amuna and began Lo walL for krlshnas
appearanceCClkA CLL1
C Lord your lncarnaLlon has lncreased Lhe glory of vra[bhuml Lven Lhe glory of valkunLh
goddess Lakshml herself came Lo sLay ln vra[ Covlnd we have dedlcaLed our llves aL your feeL
now we are searchlng you everywhere C MadanMohan klndly show your beauLlful face once
rananaLh your eyes LhaL are even more beauLlful Lhan Lhe loLus LhaL bloom ln ponds ls prlcklng
our hearLs We are all your slaves lf you klll us by your separaLlon wlll noL you be crlLlclsed C
urushaoLLam you have proLecLed us on many occaslons ?ou are Lhe remover of mlserles of
vra[ people C Lord you are noL Lhe son of ?ashoda only buL you are Lhe soul of all Lhe llvlng
belngs AL Lhe requesL of 8rahma you have arrlved on earLh Lo remove her burden Why donL
you proLecL us our llves are ln danger because of your separaLlon
C Lord your Lales are llke ambrosla ?our ambroslal Lales paclfy Lhose who are lnfllcLed wlLh
mundane obsLacles and sorrows 1hey are lndeed greaL and forLunaLe who reclLe your Lales C
urushaoLLam for Lhe muslcs of your fluLe we gave up everyLhlng our husbands chlldren soclal
blndlngs everyLhlng We even dedlcaLed our llves for Lhe sake of your love now noLhlng amuses
us excepL you We are llvlng only Lo have a slghL of you now you are wanderlng from foresL Lo
foresL wlLh your Lender feeL whlch even we dld noL bear ln our hearLs for Lhe fears of hurLlng
Lhem Pow much would Lhey be sufferlng? We are falnLlng ln your worry C Lhe dearesL one we
were yours we are yours and we shall be yours forever Saylng Lhese words Copls bursL lnLo
Lears
Shukdev says arlkshlL when Lhe beloved Copls bursL lnLo Lears krlshnas paLlence gave away
Pls hearL melLed aL Lhelr condlLlon and Pe appeared amldsL Lhem A sweeL smlle played on hls
beauLlful face Pe wore a garland of fresh val[ayanLl flowers and yellow cloLhes Pls beauLy
could have moved even kamadev Seelng Lhelr beloved kanha once agaln amldsL Lhem Copls
goL a new lease of llfe All of Lhem began Lo embrace Lord and Lhus quench Lhe flre of separaLlon
LhaL was burnlng Lhelr bodles
1hereafLer along wlLh Lhe beauLles of vra[ Lord came Lo Lhe bank of ?amuna Copls puL Lhelr
querles before hlm for soluLlon Lord sald C beloved Copls l do noL reclprocaLe Lo Lhe deslre of
my beloved ones for physlcal love 8ecause of lL Lhelr consclence remalns always engrossed ln
me Pence l Lake Lo hldlng even afLer meeLlng so LhaL you could feel compleLe lmblbemenL ln
me
MAPA8AS
lrom Lhe words of Lhe Lord Copls forgoL Lhe palns of separaLlon lrom Lhe closeness of Lhelr
beloved Lhelr llves were successful now WlLh Lhose Copls Lord krlshna sLarLed Maharas on Lhe
plous banks of rlver ?amuna All Lhe gods gaLhered ln sky Lo wlLness LhaL dlvlne fesLlval Copls
were even more forLunaLe Lhan Lakshml 8uL even amldsL crores of Copls who were eager Lo
devoLe Lhelr everyLhlng Lo Plm Lord compleLely refralned from deslres feellngs and even
acLlons 1hus Lord defeaLed even kamadev and removed hls ego
SALvA1lCn Cl SuuA8SPAn Anu SPAnkPCu8Shukdev says C arlkshlL once on Lhe occaslon of Lord
ShlvaraLrl nand 8aba and all oLher Copas
drove Lhelr carLs wlLh famllles and reached Amblkavana on a pllgrlmage Lour 1here Lhey Look baLh ln
Lhe
rlver SaraswaLl and wlLh devoLlon worshlped lord Lord Shlva and arvaLl 1hey also observed day long
fasL and declded Lo pass Lhelr nlghL on Lhe bank of SaraswaLl 8uL LhaL place was lnhablLed by a huge
pyLhon uurlng Lhe nlghL Lhe pyLhon emerged and caughL hold of nands leg nandbaba crled loudly All
Lhe Copas gaLhered around hlm Pe crled agaln kanhalya 1hls snake ls all seL Lo sLrangulaLe me Save
me Lord Louched Lhe pyLhon wlLh hls feeL and lnsLaneously Lhe pyLhon vanlshed ln lLs place appeared
a
dlvlnelooklng human Pe sald C Lord l was a vldyadhar named Sudarshan l was so much obsessed
wlLh my beauLy youLh luxury and comforLs LhaL l used Lo lnsulL oLhers Cne day l had derlded aL Lhe
ugly
appearance of Lhe sage Anglra So lndlgnanLly he cursed me Lo become a pyLhon 8uL pleased by my
reallzaLlon of mlsLake he had Lold LhaL when Cod hlmself would Louch me l would regaln my orlglnal
appearance 1hereafLer Sudarshan wenL round Lhe Cod worshlped Plm and wlLh hls permlsslon
deparLed Lo hls abode
Cn anoLher occaslon Lord arrlved ln vrlndavana durlng vasanL 8lLu (sprlng Season) 1here Pe
Look parL ln vasanLlk 8as (8as of sprlng season) wlLh Lhe Copls uurlng 8as lLself a demon
Shankhchur Lrled Lo escape away kldnapplng some of Lhe Copls A sLampede resulLed among
Copls Pearlng Lhelr nolse Lord ran afLer Lhe demon carrylng a huge Sal (shorea) Lree ln hls
hands ln no Llme Pe overLook Lhe demon and kllled hlm by [usL one blow Pe plcked up Lhe gem
from demons head and handed lL Lo 8alarama
SALvA1lCn Cl A8lSP1ASu8
Cnce kansa senL a demon ArlshLasur Lo vrlndavana 1he demon arrlved Lhere ln a bulls gulse
1haL huge bull came Lo vrlndavana and began Lo Lerrorlze Lhe people wlLh hls loud sound Seelng
Lhe bull 8alarama sald Lo krlshna kanhalya l have never seen such a huge bull before All
Lhe people began Lo cry for help Lord consoled Lhem and challenged Lhe bull demon C fool
why are you Lerrorlzlng Lhese cows and cowherds? l am golng Lo shaLLer your ego 1he
challenge from Cod plnched Lhe demon 1applng hls hooves angrlly Lhe demon aLLacked Cod
Pe wlshed Lo gore Plm buL Cod held hls horns and pushed hlm back 1hen klcklng Lhe demon
Cod kllled hlm ln no Llme
kAnSA SLnuS Ak8u8A
AfLer Lhe kllllng of ArlshLhasur uevarlshl narada vlslLed kansa and asked C kansa Lhe glrl
who had sllpped form your hand was ln facL Lhe daughLer of ?ashoda krlshna and 8alarama
who are sLaylng ln vrlndavana are lnfacL Lhe sons of uevakl and 8ohlnl respecLlvely 8ecause of
your fear vasudev has kepL Lhem under Lhe supervlslon of hls frlend nand 1hose Lwo boys have
kllled Lhe demons senL by you Pearlng Lhese words kansa shook wlLh anger and puL vasudev
and uevakl ln prlson agaln
1hereafLer he called hls mlnlsLer Akrura and asked hlm Lo seL ouL aL once for Cokul Pe sald Lo
Akrura Akrura[l you are an old frlend and wellwlsher of mlne Co Lo Cokul and brlng Lhe
sons of vasudev who are sLaylng aL nands home lnvlLe Lhem Lo vlslL MaLhura Lo wlLness Lhe
fesLlvlLles of uhannshyagya Akrura undersLood kansas lnLenLlons buL feared LhaL lf he
refused LhaL demon would klll hlm So he declded Lo vlslL Cokul and also have Lhe oppurLunlLy
of seelng Cod Pe was feellng overwhelmed by Lhe mere LhoughL of lL nexL day he seL ouL on a
grand charloL Lo meeL hls supreme Lord ln CokulMedlLaLlng ln Lhe feeL of Lord Akrura was headlng
Lowards vrlndavana Pe was feellng hlmself
as Lhe mosL forLunaLe one for he was sure Lo have a slghL of Lord 1hus obsessed wlLh many klnds
of devoLlonal feellngs Akrura allghLed from Lhe charloL aL Lhe border of vrlndavana and sLarLed
walklng Pe found lL un[usL Lo rlde a charloL on Lhe land of vrlndavana where lord krlshna
Lreaded 8y Lhe Llme he reached vrlndavana Lord krlshna and 8alarama had reLurned home
afLer grazlng Lhelr caLLles Seelng Lhem Akrura fell aL Lhelr feeL 8oLh Lhe broLhers ralsed Akrura
and addressed hlm as Chacha (uncle)and escorLed hlm lnLo Lhe house
Akrura was glven a warm welcome and LreaLmenL Lhere AfLer Lhe dlnner Lhey assembled ln
nands drawlng room nand lnqulred abouL Lhe reason of hls sudden arrlval Akrura sald kansa
ls organlzlng a wresLllng compeLlLlon ln MaLhura Pe has lnvlLed all Lhe blg and small klngs Lo
Lhe compeLlLlons Pe has lnvlLed you wlLh krlshna and 8alarama as well 8eauLlful MaLhura ls
worLh seelng Culllble nand felL pleased by Akruras Lalklng and sald klng kansa has shown a
greaL honor Lo me Pe has senL lnvlLaLlon only Lo oLher klngs buL has senL hls mlnlsLer Lo call me
and a golden charloL for my klds So lL was announced ln Cokul LhaL all Lhe people would go Lo
MaLhura Lhe nexL day and wlLness Lhe fesLlvlLles Lhere
uLA81u8L Cl k8lSPnA Anu 8ALA8AMA lC8
MA1Pu8A
When Lhe Copls heard abouL krlshna leavlng Cokul Lo vlslL MaLhura Lhey began Lo wall and cry
1hey were geLLlng so much resLless by Lhe news LhaL Lhey felL Lhelr llves would end before Lhe
sunrlse 1hey sLarLed lmprecaLlng faLe LhaL lL had no klndness llrsL lL provlded Lhem wlLh a closer
conLacL wlLh Lhelr beloved kanha now lL was causlng a long separaLlon from hlm Some of Copls
even begged for deaLh Lhey felL lL beLLer Lhan llvlng wlLhouL kanha All Lhe Copls kepL on crylng
and walllng nlghLlong
MoLher ?ashoda awoke early ln Lhe mornlng nexL day She churned ouL buLLer and addlng MlSrl
(sugar candles) she Look lL Lo krlshna Lo feed hlm 8uL Lhere she found LhaL boLh krlshna and
8alarama were geLLlng ready Lo seL ouL for MaLhura 1hey held moLhers feeL and sald ardon
us C moLher we are golng Lo MaLhura 1hese words dlsLurbed ?ashoda She ran and fell aL
Akruras feeL and sald l am your slave C Akrura please do noL Lake my beloved sons Lo
MaLhura 1hey are lnseparable from my hearL Why kansa has summoned Lhem Lo MaLhura C
Akrura go and Lell hlm Lo Lake everyLhlng from us buL spare our sons We are also ready Lo llve
ln [all buL canL lose our beloved sons Akrura consoled ?ashoda 8habhl (slsLerlnlaw) donL
worry 1hese Lwo broLhers are golng Lo MaLhura Lo wlLness Lhe fesLlvlLles Lhere and wlll reLurn
soon Lo comforL your hearL ?ashoda sald Akrura[l MaLhura ls a Lown of gold and boLh of my
sons are Loo young yeL Lo be needed Lhere for any reason
1ouchlng Lhe feeL of nand and ?ashoda boLh Lhe broLhers sald laLher moLher we wlll
deflnlLely reLurn resenLly we wlsh Lo see Lhe grandeur of MaLhura Meanwhlle all Lhe Copls
and Copas had gaLhered Lhere Crylng and walllng Lhe Copls sald ?ou are very Cruel C
Akrura who named you as Akrura ?ou have come here Lo laceraLe our hearLs Second Copl
sald no frlend lL ls noL a faulL of Akrura Cur complalnLs are wlLh Shyamsundar We lefL
everyLhlng our husbands chlldren our homes and dedlcaLed our enLlre selves ln your servlce And now
you are deserLlng us so ruLhlessly We have no supporL for our llfe excepL you C
Madhusadan Saylng Lhls all Lhe Copls bursL lnLo Lears agaln
All Lhe Copas lncludlng Srldama surrounded Lhe charloL and sald C krlshna we had noL even
dreamL LhaL you would deserL us so ruLhlessly C kanhalya we have seen wlLh our eyes LhaL even
lndra varuna Sanakadl and 8rahma bow before you 8uL we have never regarded you as Cod
We regarded you as our frlend Are you angry wlLh us? C my chlldhood frlend kanhalya we
requesL you we wlll never abuse you ln fuLure lf you were lnLendlng Lo go why dld you Lhen
save us from Lhe lnfernal foresL flre Why dld you save from Lhe deluglng ralns? We cannoL llve
wlLhouL you 1ell us C benevolenL frlend When wlll you reLurn Lord krlshna consoled Lhem all
and Look many of Lhem wlLh Plm 1he charloL began Lo move As long as Lhe flag of Lhe charloL
remalned vlslble people kepL on crylng and walllng Lven Lhe eyes of Akrura fllled wlLh Lears
Lord asked hlm kaka why are you weeplng? Akrura replled C Lord kansa ls Lhe greaL
slnner l feel he wlll Lry Lo LormenL you by all means So my hearL says LhaL l should Lake you
back Lo vrlndavana because lf kansa dld any harm Lo you Lhelr splrlLs wlll curse me for ever
Ak8u8A PAS A SlCP1 Cl LC8u ln lCu8A8MLu
lC8M
Pearlng Akruras words Lord undersLood LhaL when he had arrlved ln vra[ he was affllcLed wlLh
a feellng of ma[esLy 8uL now lL has been replaced by affecLlon now Pe Lherefore declded Lo
remove hls dllemma 1hus Lord sald Lo hlm kaka MaLhura ls sLlll some dlsLance away So you
Lake a baLh ln ?amuna We broLhers are walLlng for you ln Lhe charloL
As soon as Akrura Look a dlp ln ?amuna Lord showed hlm a slghL of Pls abode valkunLh and
hls narayanas appearance ln whlch he was holdlng conch wheel mace and loLus ln each of hls
four hands and was lylng on Lhe bed of Sheshnaga WlLh folded hands Akrura prayed Lo lord C
lord you are Lhe reason for Lhe exlsLence of 8rahma and Lhe unlverse C Lord l pray aL your feeL
agaln and agaln now l recognlse you ?ou are Lhe one who Look Lhe lncarnaLlons of MaLsya
kachchap varaha narslnh vamana 8ama eLc 1hus afLer baLh and worshlp Akrura reLurned Lo
Lhe charloL Lord krlshna undersLood LhaL now a devoLlonal feellng had arlsen ln Lhe mlnd of
Akrura for narayana Lord asked ?our condlLlon seems mlserable uld you see anyLhlng exLraordlnary
under waLer? Akrura sald C Lord now besLow your grace on me klndly come Lo my
home and accepL my hosplLallLy
A88lvAL ln MA1Pu8A Anu C8ACL Cn ku8!A
AfLer Lhe deparLure of Akrura nandbaba Loo seL ouL for MaLhura along wlLh Lhe Copas Cn Lhe
way lLself Lhey caughL up wlLh krlshna and 8alarama All of Lhem Lhen reached MaLhura
LogeLher 1here Lhey sLayed ln a garden AfLer someLlme wlLh nands permlsslon boLh Lhe
broLhers seL ouL Lo see Lhe clLy of MaLhura MaLhura was lndeed a beauLlful Lown All Lhe
resldenLs of MaLhura Lhronged on roads roofs and aLLlces Lo have a slghL of krlshna and
8alaramaCn Lhe way Lhey meL a preLLy buL hunched women She lnLroduced herself as kub[a Lhe mald
of
kansa Per duLy was Lo smear Lhe members of Lhe royal famlly wlLh sandalwood pasLe Cod
asked her lf she would smear hlm wlLh sandal pasLe kub[a sald C Manmohan l see no one
more flLLlng Lhan you for Lhe sandal pasLe 1hus she smeared Lords forehead wlLh saffron Cn
8alarams forehead she smeared musk conLalnlng sandal pasLe oLher Copas smeared all Lhe
remalnlng sandal pasLe on Lhelr heads
Lord Lhen puL Pls feeL on kub[as and holdlng her chln gave her head a sllghL [erk And ln no
Llme kub[as hunch was gone and she Lurned lnLo a preLLy woman She begged lord for Pls love
1he Lord promlsed her a meeLlng ln fuLure and proceeded ahead
AfLer savlng kub[a Lord krlshna and oLher Copas moved ahead AL a place Lhey saw a huge
bow kepL on a hlgh sLage Many sLrong men were guardlng lL Lord enLered Lhe canopy and easlly
llfLed Lhe bow and broke lL lnLo pleces 1here was a blg applause from all around uau sald
krlshna now Lhe crowd wlll lncrease here so leL us escape ln Llme 1hus boLh Lhe broLhers and
Lhelr frlends beaL a reLreaL Lo Lhelr camp 1here Lhey resLed for nlghL 1here ln MaLhura breaklng
of Lhe bow had frlghLened kansa Pe could noL sleep durlng Lhe nlghL Lven ln hls dreams he
saw noLhlng buL krlshna everywhere around hlm
klLLlnC Cl LLLPAn1
Larly ln Lhe mornlng kansa summoned hls mlnlsLer and ordered hlm Lo make kuvalayapeed Lhe
elephanL Lo sLand ln Lhe cenLer of Lhe maln gaLe Pe LhoughL LhaL Lhe elephanL would klll boLh Lhe
boys lf Lhey dared Lo enLer Lhe forL Lhrough maln gaLe 8ack Lhere ln Lhe garden krlshna and
8alarama seL ouL ln wresLlers gulse for Lhe forL AL Lhe gaLe seeln an elephanL blocklng Lhe
passage Lhey asked mahouL loudly C MahouL why have you made Lhe elephanL sLand ln Lhe
cenLer of Lhe gaLe Move lL elLher ahead or back 8uL lnsLead of movlng Lhe elephanL ouL of Lhe
passage Lhe mahouL sLeered lL rlghL on Lhem 8uL before elephanL could aLLack Lhem 8alarama
caughL lLs Lrunk whlle krlshna caughL lLs Lall 8oLh Lhe broLhers Lhen dragged Lhe elephanL ouL of
Lhe gaLe and lofLed lL ln Lhe alr 1he elephanL fell on Lhe ground wlLh a loud Lhud and dled on Lhe
spoL
SALvA1lCn Cl W8LS1LL8S
kansa felL very nervous by Lhe news of elephanLs kllllng 8efore he could Lake sLock of Lhe
slLuaLlon Lord krlshna and 8alarama arrlved ln Lhe amphlLheaLre 1he specLaLors presenL ln Lhe
amphlLheaLre saw Lord as per Lhelr feellngs 1he menfolk saw Lord as a !ewel among Lhe men
Womenfolk saw hlm as an lncarnaLlon of kamadev Cowherds saw Lhelr naLural frlend ln Lord
whlle Lo kansa Pe appeared as hls deaLh 8uL Lo hls moLher and faLher uevakl and vasudev and
Lo nand krlshna and 8alarama appeared as small klds Sages and asceLlcs saw noLhlng buL
meLaphyslcal comlng ln boys gulse Learned ones slghLed Pls cosmlc form whlle Lo ?adavas Pe
appeared as Lhelr LuLelery Cod
As soon as Lhe Lord and 8alarama arrlved ln Lhe rlng Lhe wresLlers who were already presenL
Lhere sLood up llke sprlngs A wresLler Chanur dragged krlshna and one named MushLlk dragged
8alarama lnLo Lhe rlng 1hey sald Lo Lhem 8oLh of you and we are Lhe sub[ecLs of Lhe greaL klng
kansa lL ls our duLy Lo please our klng wlLh our arL and sklll More over we wlll recelve many
rewards also
krlshna sald C wresLlers you please flghL among yourselves We are boys yeL so we shall
wlLness your flghL from a dlsLance Chanur sald no you are nelLher boy nor Leenagers ?ou are
sLronger Lhan Lhe sLrongesL ?ou have [usL kllled an elephanL whlch was sLronger Lhan Lhousand
elephanLs 1hus boLh Lhe broLhers were compelled Lo wresLle wlLh Lhe royal wresLlers MushLlk
was beaLen on Lhe ground by 8alarama so hard LhaL he dled aL once on Lhe spoL krlshna slmllarly
kllled second wresLler Chanur All Lhe remalnlng wresLlers meL slmllar faLe one by one 1he
masslve crowd presenL Lhere applauded Lhem [oyfully
SALvA1lCn Cl kAnSA
Seelng Lhe shameful defeaL of hls wresLlers kansa lnfurlaLed wlLh anger and proclalmed 1le all
Lhe opponenLs Lle ugarsen uevakl vasudev nand ln ropes and brlng Lhem before me Lord
krlshna could noL LoleraLe Lhls and ln a slngle [ump Pe reached on Lhe sLage where kansa was
presenL Lord krlshna caughL hlm by halr and sald C kansa once you have caughL a helpless
woman by halr l have avenged LhaL lnsulL now you wlll recelve Lhe frulLs for your aLroclLles
Saylng Lhls Lord began Lo Lwlrl kansa caLchlng hlm by halr and Lhrew hlm down from Lhe sLage
1hen Lord [umped once agaln and landed on Lhe chesL of kansa kansa dled lnsLanLaneously
1hus kansa who was an lncarnaLlon of Lhe demon kalneml recelved salvaLlon Lord krlshna
Lhen released hls parenLs from Lhe prlson and crowned hls maLernal grand faLher ugrasen as Lhe
klng of MaLhura
?AC?CAvl1 Cl k8lSPnA Anu 8ALA8AMA
AfLer Lhe successful compleLlon of all Lhe royal ceremonles Lhe consecraLlon of krlshna and
8alarama was carrled ouL 1hereafLer Lhey came Lo sLay aL Lhe hermlLage of sage Sandlpanl for
formal educaLlon LxLraordlnarlly brllllanL krlshna successfully learned all Lhe knowledge ln
shorL perlod of Llme 1hen as Curuuakshalna (paylng respecL Lo Lhe Leacher) krlshna broughL
back hls dead sons from Lhe abode of ?amara[ 1aklng hls convocaLlonal baLh LhereafLer Lord
krlshna reLurned Lo MaLhura 1here Lhough llvlng among royal luxurles and grandeur Lord
krlshna remalned lndlfferenL Memory of hls senLlmenLal beloved devoLees frlend and oLher
people of vra[ kepL on prlcklng hlm
SLnulnC uuuPAvA AS MLSSLnCL8
SavanL uddhava Lhe son of ?adavas mlnlsLer 8rlhaspaLl was an lnLlmaLe frlend of Lord krlshna
Cnly he had Lhe permlsslon Lo enLer Lords sancLum Seelng hls frlend krlshna ln remorse
uddhava asked MaLhuranaLh you seem Lo be upseL WhaL ls Lroubllng you? Lord krlshna
replled uddhava l feel perplexed l remember my days ln vrlndavana lease go Lo
vrlndavana and geL Lhe news regardlng Copls Lhere Also glve Lhem my message 1hus Lord
krlshna donned uddhava ln hls aLLlre and senL hlm Lo vra[ ln hls charloL 1here he sLayed aL nands
home AL nlghL uddhava enqulred abouL nand and ?ashodas well
belng and abouL vra[ ln general 1haL whole mlghL passed ln chaLLlng
8P8AMA8 CLL1
nexL day when Lhe Copls goL Lhe news of uddhavas arrlval Lhey Lhronged ln and around nands
resldence 1hey recognlzed Lhe charloL parked ln fronL of Lhe gaLe lL was Lhe same charloL on
whlch krlshna and 8alarama had deparLed for MaLhura llrsL Lhey LhoughL LhaL Lhelr beloved
krlshna had reLurned 8uL Lhelr bellef dld noL lasL long Some of Lhem oplned LhaL Akrura mlghL
have come agaln 8uL whaL for?
8uL Lhen someone lnformed LhaL lL was uddhava krlshnas SavanL frlend who had come Lo
preach Lhem abouL meLaphyslcal knowledge Soon afLerwards uddhava came ouL and spoke ouL
loud C Copls llsLen Lo Lhe preachlng of uddhava 8uL lnsLead of llsLenlng Lo hlm Copls
covered Lhelr ears leellng lnsulLed uddhava expressed hls dlssaLlsfacLlon over Lhelr behavlour
Copls sald Lo hlm C genLleman flrsLly we are noL famlllar wlLh you secondly we have no
capaclLy Lo hear your preachlng ?es lf you wlsh Lo glve us a message of our mosL beloved
Lhousand of ears are eager Lo hear LhaL uddhava Lhen lnLroduced hlmself as Lhe lnLlmaLe frlend
of Lord krlshna
knowlng hls ldenLlfy Copls welcome and LreaLed uddhava warmly uddhava Lhen began Lo say
agaln C Copls Lhe person whom you are declarlng as your beloved frlend ln facL has no
moLher no faLher Pe has no form no colour and no body Pe ls above all nonexlsLlng all
pervaslve and Lhe glver of [oy Pe ls never separaLe from hls devoLee and beloved ones All of
you Loo feel Lhe presence of LhaL Supreme 8elng and be happy forever Copls sald uddhava
as long as Chanashyam sLayed wlLh us we saw endless vlrLues ln hlm 8uL only wlLhln slx
monLhs of hls sLay ln MaLhura you wlped ouL all of hls vlrLues and Lurned hlm vlrLueless
1ell us wlLh whlch mouLh dld he eaL buLLer wlLh whlch hand dld he break our plLchers wlLh
whlch feeL dld he pasLure cows ln Lhe foresLs and wlLh whlch feeL dld he dance on Lhe hood of
kallya Was he anoLher krlshna?
Parsh reacLlon of Lhe Copls sLarLled uddhava Pe began Lo Lhlnk where he had been caughL Pls
knowledge of vedanL was provlng lneffecLlve on Lhe Copls Who are sunk ln so much love Cn
Lhe oLher hand Copls Loo were feellng embarassed for LreaLlng Lhe guesL blLLerly 8uL Lhey were
also noL prepared Lo llsLen Lo such preachlng LhaL condemned love Moreover Lhey had leL ouL
Lhelr long accumulaLlng feellng
Meanwhlle a bumblebee perched aL 8adhas feeL mlsLaklng Lhem for loLus olnLlng Lo lL all Lhe
Copls sald 8eware C bumblebee beware lf you dare Lo Louch Lhe feeL of our 8adha lL appears
LhaL you are a dlsclple of krlshna 1here ls now no secreL regardlng Lhe vlrLues and acLlons of
your frlend 8uL lL ls good LhaL he and you Lled ln frlendshlp ?ou are black and your frlend has a
black hearL vlrLues of boLh of you are same
llrsL Pe lmblbed us ln Pls love Lhen lefL us ruLhlessly forever Pe ls noL sorry for us 8uL why
does Lakshml serves ln Lhose feeL? She musL be careful lesL she should be decelved llke us C
bumblebee you also appear Lo be a polymaLh who has come here Lo preach us 8uL you wonL geL
an audlence ln 8ra[ ?ou should beLLer go Lo MaLhura
1here ls one kub[a go and relaLe your Lale Lo her ?ou wlll recelve ample donaLlons from her
WhaL wlll you geL from Lhe Copls here? 1hey have already losL Lhelr menLal balance because of
Lhelr separaLlon from Lhe beloved krlshna lf you have come Lo ask why we loved krlshna C
bumblebee we have no knowledge 8uL we know LhaL our love for krlshna was noL a mlsLake
Lven Lhe goddess Lakshml does noL leave Pls feeL for a momenL Why should we leave hls feeL
Lhen? 8uL C bumblebee have you really come Lo convlnce us When Pe could noL come ouL of
shame Pe senL you Lo console us Lhe deaf and dumb Copls 8uL be careful lf you puL your head
aL Lhe feeL of 8adha
CeL away we have already seen enough of flaLLery and fllrLaLlon of your frlend ueserLlng our
affecLlon for ephemeral Lhlngs we loved LhaL eLernal one buL Pe Loo abandoned us Can you
guess abouL our condlLlon? 1ell us C uddhava shall we ever geL Lhe slghL of Srl krlshna agaln?
Pearlng Lhe Lraglc Lale of Lhe Copls uddhava Loo felL very sorry for Lhem Pe felL as lf
MaLhuranaLh lord krlshna was lndeed neglecLlng Lhose Copls uddhava sLayed ln vrlndavana
for slx monLhs 1here he saw every place every spoL where lord krlshna had played once When
he was reLurnlng Lo MaLhura moLher ?ashoda presenLed hlm wlLh buLLer 8adha gave hlm Lhe
fluLe 1hus lmmersed ln Lhe love and overwhelmed by lLs feellngs uddhava reached MaLhura
Pe sald Lo krlshna Lord Lhe real appearance of love LhaL l saw ln vrlndavana ls Lhe only
LruLh Srl krlshna sald uddhava ?ou are weeplng !usL look aL me uddhava looked aL hlm
wlLh wlde opened eyes ln every slngle halr of Lord Lhere exlsLed Copls uddhava was lndeed a
SavanL 8uL Lord had senL hlm Lo 8ra[ only Lo be LaughL a lesson of love
8A11LLS Wl1P !A8ASAnuP Anu CCnS18uC1lCn
Cl uWA8lkAu8l
AfLer Lhe deaLh of kansa hls wldowed queens AsLl and rapLl reLurned Lo Lhelr faLher !arasandhs
home and lnformed hlm LhaL krlshna and 8alarama had kllled Lhelr husband kansa lnfurlaLed by
Lhe news !arasandh aL once launched a masslve aLLack on MaLhura 1he people of MaLhura were
frlghLened by Lhe sLrengLh of !arasandhs army Lord krlshna Loo fell ln deep LhoughL !usL Lhen
dlvlne weapons and charloLs appeared from Lhe heaven 8oLh Lhe broLhers Look Lhe weapons and
boarded Lhelr charloLs 1hen Lhey foughL a flerce baLLle and slayed all Lhe army of !arasandh
8alarama furlously caughL !arasandh and was abouL Lo klll hlm 8uL Lord krlshna sLopped hlm
1hey Lhen released !arasandh and leL hlm go unhurL !arasandh felL ashamed LhaL krlshna
released hlm because of hls helpless condlLlon
Shukdev says C arlkshlL desplLe hls shameful defeaL !arasandh aLLacked MaLhura sevenLeen
Llmes wlLh huge armles 8uL every Llme Lhe Lord defeaLed hlm and released hlm ln klndness
And every Llme !arasandh felL more humlllaLedAL lasL lnsLead of aLLacklng MaLhura hlmself !arasandh
senL kalyavan Lo defeaL Srl krlshna
kalyavan launched an aLLack on MaLhura wlLh one crore sLrong Malechchh army 1hls Llme Lord
krlshna declded Lo vacaLe MaLhura lnsLead of counLerlng Lhe aLLack
Pe goL uwarlkapurl consLrucLed by vlshvakarma and seLLled all Lhe people of MaLhura Lhere
1hen unarmed Lord krlshna walked pasL kalyavan olnLed by narada kalyavan aL once
recognlsed krlshna and gave Plm a chase Pe also challenged Plm buL Lhe Lord dld noL llsLen Lo
hls challenges and kepL movlng wlLh face Lurned away kalyavan chased Plm for long buL could
noL caLch up
ulLlmaLely Lhe Lord enLered a cave kalyavan Loo followed Plm lnLo Lhe cave ln Lhe cave Lhe
Lord saw LhaL someone was sleeplng Lhere So Pe covered Lhe man wlLh hls yellow lengLh of
cloLh and hlmself hld lnslde Lhe cave kalyavan Loo arrlved Lhere and saw Lhe sleeplng man Pe
mlsLook hlm for Cod and sald krlshna you mlghL have LhoughL LhaL braves do noL aLLack on
sleeplng people So l wlll flrsL wake you up and Lhen klll you Saylng Lhus kalyavan klcked Lhe
sleeplng man hard Powever as soon as Lhe man awakened and glanced aL kalyavan kalyavan
goL lnclneraLed aL once
1ALL Cl MuCPkunu
arlkshlL asked Curudev who was LhaL sleeplng man?
Shukdev says C klng LhaL sleeplng man was Muchkund Lhe son of Lhe klng MandhaLa 1he
gods had soughL hls asslsLance ln Lhelr war agalnsL Lhe demon durlng Lhe SaLya ?uga WlLh
Muchkunds helpLhe gods had defeaLed Lhe demons and Lhus pleased had asked hlm Lo seek a
boon Muchkund Lhen had soughL a boon of seelng Cod ln Langlble form 1he gods had assured
hlm LhaL he would have a slghL of Cod ln uwapar ?uga Slnce uwapar ?uga was sLlll far away
so Muchkund had asked WhaL should l do Llll Lhen? 1he gods asked hlm Lo sleep somewhere
and blessed hlm wlLh a boon LhaL whoever waked hlm up would be lnclneraLed aL once by hls
glance 1hus ln order Lo geL kalyavan lnclneraLed and show Muchkund wlLh hls ulvlne form
Lord had gone Lo LhaL spoL where Muchkund was sleeplng
Muchkund goL Lhe slghL of Cod ln ChaLurbhu[ form and seeked a boon of conLlnuous devoLlon
for Lhree blrLhs 1hus Lord defeaLed Malechchh army and capLured all Lhelr wealLh Pe also
defeaLed !arasandha and caused greaL [oy for Lhe people of uwaraka
1he klng of AnarL 8alwaL goL hls daughLer 8ewaLl marrled Lo 8alarama wlLh Lhe blesslng of
8rahma
MLSSACL Cl 8ukMAnl lC8 LC8u k8lSPnA
Shukdev sald C arlkshlL 8hlsmak was Lhe klng of vldarbh Pe had flve sons and a daughLer
8ukmanl 8ukml Lhe eldesL son of 8hlsmak had flxed hls slsLers engagemenL wlLh Shlshupal
Lhe prlnce of Chaldl narada dld noL llke Lhls developmenL Pe wenL Lo kundanpur Lhe caplLal of
vldarbh and sald ln Lhe courL of 8hlsmak C klng l am comlng from uwaraka 8hlsmak sald! C greaL
Sage l have never heard abouL any clLy named uwaraka 1hus ln Lhe courL of
8hlsmak narada narraLed abouL Lhe llfe of Lord krlshna and Lhe grandeur of uwaraka 8hlsmak
heard Lhe Lale wlLh full aLLenLlon Pls daughLer 8ukmanl Loo en[oyed Lhe Lale
8uL 8ukml had a sLrong opposlLlon agalnsL lord krlshna lgnorlng Lhe wlsh of hls faLher he was
noL ready Lo geL hls slsLer marrled Lo Lord krlshna Cn Lhe appolnLed day Shlshupal appeared
Lhere ln a processlon Lo geL marrled wlLh 8ukmanl
8uL 8ukmanl was deLermlned Lo marry Lord krlshna She senL a love leLLer Lo krlshna Lhrough a
loyal 8rahmln and declared a fasL unLo deaLh Lord krlshna read her leLLer whlch sald C
1rllokklnaLh slnce Lhe momenL Lhese ears have heard abouL your vlrLues acLlons characLer and
plays my soul experlences dlvlne peace C AchyuL my mlnd ls dedlcaLed ln your feeL C greaL
among Lhe men Lhls 8ukmanl has dedlcaLed herself ln your feeL now lL ls upLo you Lo see LhaL
no [ackal could Lake away Lhe llons share 1he 8rahmln Lhe carrler of Lhe leLLer reLurned Lo
kundanpur wlLh an assurance from Lhe Lord Lord Loo called Lhe charloLeer and seL ouL aL once
for kundanpur 1here ln kundanpur 8ukmanl afLer geLLlng Lhe assurance from Lhe 8rahmln was
Lhus walLlng for Lords arrlval
reparaLlons for 8ukmanls marrlage wlLh Shlsupal were on wlLh full swlng ln kundanpur All
Lhe houses sLreeLs and lanes were cleaned and sprlnkled wlLh scenLed waLer All Lhe men and
women folk donned new cloLhes and ornamenLs klng 8hlsmak worshlpped hls ancesLors and
gods and welcomed Lhe 8rahmlns llberally LxLremely beauLlful prlncess 8ukmanl was glven
ceremonlal baLh and donned wlLh ausplclous cloLhes and braceleLs
1he klng of Chedl uamaghosh goL Lhe ausplclous rlLes for Lhe marrlage of hls son Shlshupal
performed by 8rahmlns All Lhe 8araLls (people ln marrlage processlon) were glven grand
recepLlon Many greaL klngs llke Shalv !arasandh uanLvakLra vlduraLh and aundruk were
presenL ln Lhe marrlage processlon 1hey had come wlLh Lhelr armles wlLh an lnLenLlon of flghLlng
krlshna and 8alarama AfLer krlshnas deparLure 8alarama Loo seL ouL for kundanpur wlLh
chaLuranglnl (wlLh four wlngs) army for he had known abouL Lhelr opponenLs preparedness
8ukmanl was eagerly awalLlng Lords arrlval She had recelved Lhe news LhaL uwarakanaLh
(krlshna) had resolved Lo Lake her away She was feellng overwhelmed ln her hearL
Seelng Lord krlshna arrlved lnLenLly ln Lhe marrlage ceremonles of hls daughLer klng 8hlsmak
welcomed hlm Seelng hlm even Lhe common people of vldarbh prayed May our prlncess
8ukmanl geL Srl krlshna as her husband AL Lhe same Llme 8ukmanl emerged from her palace Lo
go Lo Lhe Lemple of Amblkadevl soldlers were guardlng her ln Lhe Lemple 8ukmanl prayed
peacefully C MoLher Amblka l greeL you and CanapaLl who ls slLLlng ln your lap l seek your
blesslng LhaL may my wlsh be fulfllled and may l recelve Srl krlshna as my husband
Cn her way back 8ukmanl was walklng very slowly for she was awalLlng Lords arrlval whlch
was due ln any momenL !usL Lhen Lord krlshna appeared before her 8efore she could rlde her
charloL Lord llfLed her from amldsL Lhe crowd And ln Lhe presence of hundrerds of klngs
krlshna and 8alarama eloped away wlLh 8ukmanl k8lSPnA uLlLA1S 8ukMl Anu MA88lLS 8ukMAnl
Pearlng Lhe news LhaL krlshna has eloped wlLh 8ukmanl 8ukml and all oLher klngs presenL Lhere
bolled wlLh anger Accompanled by Lhelr huge armles Lhey declded Lo glve Lhem a chase 1hus
chased my Lhem ?adnvanlshls sLopped and encounLered Lhe klngs boldly WlLh a Lrue amblLlon
Lo wln brave ?adav soldlers defeaLed Lhe enemeles All Lhe klngs llke !arasandh fled for Lhelr
llves 8ukml had resolved LhaL wlLhouL geLLlng 8ukmanl released from krlshnas capLlvlLy he
would noL show hls face ln kundanpur Pe chased Lord krlshna for long 8uL uwarakanaLh
defeaLed hlm and goL hls head shaved
1hus defeaLlng all Lhe klngs Lord krlshna broughL 8ukmanl Lo uwaraka 1here Lhey goL marrled
formally All Lhe people of uwaraka celebraLed fesLlvlLles for many days eople presenLed Lhem
wlLh loL of preclous glfLs All Lhe people were ln greaL [oy Lo see Lakshml as 8ukmanl wlLh her
husband Lord krlshna
8l81P Cl 8Au?uMn klLLlnC Cl SPA8A8ASu8
Shukdev says C arlkshlL kamadev was a parL of lord hlmself AfLer geLLlng lnclneraLed by
8udra kamadev Look refuge ln Lhe supreme lord Lo geL an lncarnaLlon once more 1hus
kamadev was born as 8ukmanls flrsL son radyumn
8uL [usL afLer hls blrLh radyumn was kldnapped by a demon Shambarasur 1he demon dropped
Lhe baby lnLo Lhe sea where a huge flsh swallowed hlm ln whole ColncldenLly Lhe flsh was
caughL by Lhe flshers and presenLed Lo Lhe klLchen of Shambarasur When Lhe cooks cuL Lhe flsh
open an exLremely beauLlful baby emerged MayawaLl Lhe governess of Lhe klLchen felL
over[oyed Lo see Lhe baby She began Lo rear Lhe baby wlLh love and affecLlon
Cnce narada arrlved ln Lhe klLchen and sald MayawaLl do you know who ls ln your lap? no
C uevarlshl l found hlm from Lhe belly of a flsh sald MayawaLl uevarlshl narada sald Pe ls
your husband kamadev and you are hls wlfe 8aLl ln Lhls blrLh he has appeared as radyumn Lhe
son of krlshna Pearlng Lhls MayawaLl saluLed narada wlLh respecL Slnce Lhen she regarded
radyumn as her husband and served hlm accordlngly When radyumn maLured MayawaLl
remlnded hlm abouL hls real appearance radyumn LhereafLer kllled Shambarasur and goL
marrled wlLh MayawaLl 1hen Lhe couple arrlved ln uwaraka
1ALL Cl S?AMAn1Ak 1PL CLM Anu l1S 1PLl1
A person named SaLra[lL was a greaL devoLee of Lord Suryanarayana leased by hls devoLlon
Suryadev presenLed hlm a gem called SyamanLak 1he gem had a radlance equal Lo Lhe sun
8earlng LhaL gem SaLra[lL arrlved ln Lords courL 8y Lhe radlance of hls gem all Lhe people and
Lhe courLlers mlsLook hlm for Suryadeva and sLood ln hls regard 8uL Lhe Lord recognlsed hlm
and asked hls couLlers Lo be calm 1hen Lo SaLra[lL Lord Sald SaLra[lL your gem ls really very
beauLlful nana (maLernal grandfaLher) ugrasen ls Lhe klng of Lhls reglon lf you presenL Lhls gem
Lo hlm lL wlll be very good 8uL SaLra[lL refused Lo presenL LhaL gemCne day laLer on SaLra[lLs broLher
rasen[lL wenL hunLlng wearlng Lhe gem ln hls neck ln Lhe
foresL a llon kllled hlm and snaLched Lhe gem 1he llon was ln Lurn kllled by Lhe urslne klng
!ambvan !ambvan Look Lhe gem Lo hls cave and gave lL Lo hls chlldren Lo play wlLh When
rasen[lL dld noL reLurn from hunLlng SaLra[lL felL sorry and accused krlshna LhaL Pe had kllled
hls broLher for Lhe gem
When lord krlshna heard LhaL he was belng blamed for Lhe mlshap Pe hlmself wenL Lo Lhe
foresLs 1here he found Lhe dead body of rasen[lL buL Lhere was no slgn of gem around Lhe
cadaver Pe found only fooLprlnLs of a llon leavlng from Lhere lollowlng Lhe fooLprlnLs Pe
dlscovered Lhe dead llon and Lhe fooL prlnLs of a greaL bear lollowlng Lhe fooLprlnLs Pe reached
ln Lhe cave where !ambvans daughLer !ambvaLl was playlng wlLh Lhe gem
As soon as lord krlshna proceeded Lo Lake Lhe gem !ambvan arrlved A flerce duel resulLed
beLween Lhem 1hey conLlnued Lo flghL for LwenLyslx days wlLhouL Lruce Cn Lhe LwenLysevenLh
day !ambvan requesLed Lord! lease walL C Lord Lord sald uo you wanL Lo Lake resL?
no sald !ambvan l have recognlsed you ?ou are non oLher Lhan Lord narayana Plmself
nobody else has Lhe power Lo defeaL me Lord appeared before !ambvan as Srl 8ama !ambvan
prayed and worshlpped Plm Pe was feellng gullLy LhaL he dared Lo flghL Lord Lord sald LhaL Pe
had arrlved Lhere for Lhe gem only !ambvan gave hlm Lhe gem and also hls daughLer !ambvaLl
Lord reLurned Lhe gem Lo SaLra[lL and marrled !ambvaLl formally
Lord summoned SaLra[lL Lo hls courL and ln Lhe presence of Lhe klng ugrasen relaLed Lhe
sequence of lncldenLs LhaL Look place ln Lhe [ungle SaLra[lL felL ashamed WlLh a feellng of
repenLance he Look Lhe gem Pe was geLLlng afrald also LhaL he made enemlLy wlLh lord krlshna
wlLhouL reason Pence Lo explaLe hls crlme SaLra[lL LhoughL of presenLlng Lhe gem SyamanLak
and hls daughLer SaLyabhama Lo Lord krlshna Lord krlshna accepLed SaLybhama as hls wlfe buL
reLurned Lhe gem Lo SaLra[lL saylng lL ls a glfL of lord Suryadev keep lL wlLh you ?ou are
requlred Lo deposlL Lhe gold LhaL you geL from lL ln Lhe royal Lreasure
Akrura and krlLvarma were noL pleased wlLh Lhe marrlage of SaLyabhama So Lhey goL SaLra[lL
kllled by ShaLdanva ShaLdanva kllled SaLra[lL ln hls sleep and absconded wlLh Lhe gem Lord
krlshna was Lhen away ln PasLlnapur SaLyabhama Loo reached Lhere and lnformed krlshna abouL
her faLhers assasslnaLlon WlLh 8alarama Lord krlshna chased ShaLdhanva 8uL even afLer
kllllng hlm Lhey could noL Lrace Lhe gem ShaLdhanva had glven Lhe gem Lo Akrura Lo keep Llll
hls reLurn 8uL afLer Lhe deaLh of ShaLdhanva frlghLened Akrura came Lo sLay ln kashl lrom Lhe
effecL of Lhe gem Akrura performed many grand ?agyas Lhere Lord summoned Akrura from
kashl AfLer welcomlng and LreaLlng hlm ln Lhe courL Lord asked hlm abouL Lhe gem Akrura
showed Lhe gem ln Lhe courL 8uL Lord reLurned Lhe gem Lo Akrura
k8lSPnAS C1PL8 MA88lACLS
1) Cnce Lord krlshna vlslLed lndraprasLh Lo see andavas Lhere 1here rldlng a charloL wlLh
Ar[una Pe came Lo Lhe foresLs Cn Lhe bank of rlver ?amuna a preLLy woman was observlng
penance 8y Lhe lnsLlncL of Cod Ar[una drew near her and asked for her ldenLlLy She sald l am
kallndl Lhe daughLer of Suryadev l am penanclng here ln order Lo geL marrled wlLh Lord
krlshna Lord goL kallndl boarded on Lhe charloL and goL marrled Lo her formally2) MlLrvlnda was Lhe
slsLer of vlnd Anuvlnd Lhe klng of u[[aln She had a deslre Lo geL Lord as
her husband 8uL her broLher vlnd Anuvlnd was a follower of uuryodhan So he sLopped hls
slsLer MlLrvlnda from geLLlng marrled Lo krlshna 8uL krlshna eloped wlLh MlLrvlnda from Lhe
hls courL and goL marrled Lo her formally laLer on
3) SaLya was Lhe daughLer of nagn[lL Lhe klng of kaushal She was exLremely beauLlful lady
1he klng had resolved LhaL he would marry hls daughLer only Lo hlm who would defeaL hls seven
mosL formldable oxen Many prlnces has Lrled Lhelr luck slnce Lhen buL falled When Lord
krlshna heard abouL LhaL Pe reached kaushal wlLh hls army 1he klng of kaushal welcomed and
LreaLed hlm well and Lold hlm abouL hls resoluLlon Lord Lhen Look seven gulses and ln no Llme
defeaLed hls seven formldable oxen Cladly Lhe klng marrled hls daughLer SaLya Lo Lord krlshna
4) Shukdev sald arlkshlL Lords aunL (faLhers slsLer) ShruLklrLl was marrled ln Lhe klngdom of
kalkau[a 8hadra was Lhe daughLer of ShruLklrLl 8hadras broLhers llke SanLardan eLc
Lhemselves had goL Lhelr slsLer marrled Lo Lord krlshna
3) Lakshmana was Lhe daughLer of Lhe klng of Madra She was very beauLlful and merlLorlus
Lord abducLed her all alone from Lhe Swayamvar organlsed for her marrlage LaLer Lord marrled
Lo her formally
SALvA1lCn Cl 8PAuMASu8
Shukdev sald arlkshlL ray[yoLlshpur was Lhe caplLal of Lhe demon 8haumasur Pe was very
sLrong and powerful Pe had snaLched Lhe canopy of varuna earrlngs of AdlLl Lhe moLher of Lhe
gods and ManlparvaL of Lhe gods on Meru AparL from Lhese he had also capLured slxLeen
Lhousand and one hundred prlncesses as well
uevra[ lndra hlmself vlslLed uwaraka and prayed Lord Lo geL Lhem rld of 8haumasurs aLroclLles
WlLh Lhe dear wlfe SaLyabhama and rldlng hls vehlcle Caruda Lord krlshna arrlved ln Lhe
caplLal of 8haumasur 8uL Lo enLer rag[yoLlshpur was a lmposslble Lask 8uL wlLh Lhe blows of
hls mace and arrows Lord easlly broke Lhe hllls desLroyed sLraLeglc poslLlons and cuL Lhe snares
wlLh sword 8y hls wheel he desLroyed Lhe walls of flre waLer and alr WlLh Lhe loud sound of
conch lord renderered Lhe machlnes lnsLalled Lhere useless
ulLlmaLely Cod desLroyed Lhe ramparL of Lhe clLadel ulsLurbed by Lhe nolse Lhe flveheaded
demon Mur ran wlLh a LrldenL Lo klll Cod 8uL wlLh a slngle shoL of hls arrow Lord broke hls
LrldenL and cuL hls head wlLh hls wheel Soldlers and commanders of 8haumasur were also kllled
8haumasur Lhen came hlmself Lo flghL Pe had donned a shlnnlng crown and was wearlng blg
earrlngs WlLh hls wheel Lord cuL Lhe demons head As soon as Pe beheaded Lhe demon Lhe
gods showered flowers on Lhe Lord and worshlpped Plm Lven Lhe moLher earLh came and puL a
garland of flve colours around lords neck She also presenLed Lo hlm Lhe earrlngs of AdlLl canopy
of varuna and a greaL gem AL Lhe requesL of earLh Lord assured 8haumasurs son 8hagdaLL
freedom from hls fears
AfLer slaylng 8haumasur Lord enLered hls palace 1here he released Lhe slxLeenLhousand onehundred
capLlve prlncesses 1he prlncesses were very much lmpressed by Lhe Lord 1hey had all accepLed ln Lhelr
mlnd Lord krlshna as Lhelr husband Lord Loo bowed before Lhelr love and
accepLed Lhem as hls wlves and arranged Lo send Lhem Lo uwaraka
Shukdev says arlkshlL 8ukmvaLl was Lhe daughLer of 8ukml Lhe broLher of 8ukmanl When a
Swayamvar was organlsed for her she saw radyumn She was so lmpressed by hlm LhaL she
chose hlm as her husband 8uL lL was noL accepLable Lo oLher prlnces 1hey Lrled Lo sLop Lhelr
marrlage 8uL defeaLlng Lhem all radyumn abducLed 8ukmvaLl and marrled her formally 1hen
Lo please hls slsLer 8ukmanl 8ukml goL hls granddaughLer 8ochana marrled Lo 8ukmanls
grandsons Anlrudh
MA88lACL Cl uSPAAnl8uuP
1he son of Lhe demon klng 8all 8anasur was a greaL devoLee of Lord Lord Shlva 8anasur ruled
over Lhe klngdom ShonlLpur 8y Lhe grace of Lord Lord Shlva he had recelved Lhousand arms
Lven all Lhe gods lncludlng lndra used Lo serve hlm 1hus bllnded by hls physlcal sLrengLh
8anasur soughL a boon from Lord Lo meeL a maLch for hls sLrengLh Lord Shlva sald C fool
your LhlrsL for war shall be quenched when your flag ls broken
8anasur had a daughLer named usha Cnce she had a dream ln whlch Anlrudh was maklng love
wlLh her She was very much perplexed by Lhe dream AfLer a few days wlLh Lhe help of her
frlend ChlLralekha Anlrudh sneaked lnLo her palace Pe sLay Lhere and en[oyed Lhe company of
usha for long 8uL Anlrudhs clandesLlne sLay could noL remaln hldden from Lhe eyes of
8anasura So he puL Anlrudh ln prlson 1here ln uwaraka everyone was worrled by Anlrudhs
long absence
lL was narada who ulLlmaLely revealed Lhe facL LhaL Anlrudh was ln Lhe prlson of 8anasur
Pearlng Lhe news Lord krlshna launched an aLLack on 8anasur Pls armles surrounded
ShonlLpur uurlng Churabandl Lhe flag of 8anasurs palace fell Lord Shanker arrlved Lo asslsL
8anasur Lord krlshna cuL all Lhe arms of 8anasur AL Lhe requesL of Lord Shlva he lefL only
four of hls arms lnLacL 8anasur bowed hls head before Lord krlshna and broughL Anlrudh and
usha respecLfully before Plm WlLh Lhem Lord krlshna reLurned Lo uwaraka where formal
marrlage of usha and Anlrudh Look place
1ALL Cl 1PL klnC n8lC
Cnce Lord krlshnas sons vlslLed Lhe foresLs 1here Lhey saw a huge Chameleon fallen ln a large
deep well 1hey Lrled Lo pull lL ouL buL ln valn 1he prlnces Lherefore reLurned Lo Lhe palace and
relaLed Lhls sLrange eplsode Lo Lord krlshna Lord Loo came Lo Lhe well and wlLh Pls lefL hand
easlly pulled Lhe Chamelon ouL
As soon as Lhe chameleon came ouL lL Lurned lnLo a dlvlne god and began Lo worshlp Cod Pe
sald C Lord l am nrlg 1he klng lkshvaku was my faLher ln my llfe l had donaLed
uncounLable numbers of cows Lo Lhe 8rahmlns 8uL once a cow donaLed by me reLurned Lo my
cowshed 8y mlsLake l made a resoluLlon Lo donaLe lL Lo anoLher 8rahmln My acLlon led Lo a
dlspuLe beLween Lhe Lwo 8rahmlns and my wlsdom falled Lo seLLle Lhelr dlspuLe 8oLh Lhe 8rahmlns
wenL away unsaLlsfled buL l meL Lhls faLe afLer deaLh Slnce Lhen l had been ln Lhls
well ln Lhe form of a chameleon now by Lhe graceful Louch of your hands C Lord l have
recelved salvaLlon klng nrlg Lhen wenL around Lhe Lord and reLurned Lo hls heavenly abode
SALvA1lCn Cl Aunu8Ak
Cnce 8alarama and krlshna had gone Lo 8ra[ Lo see nandbaba Lhere Meanwhlle Lhe klng
aundrak of karush senL an envoy Lo lord krlshna wlLh a message LhaL sald l am Lord vasudev
andraks envoy arrlved ln Lhe courL and read ouL Lhe message 1o besLow my grace on Lhe
people l have Laken an lncarnaLlon ?ou have falsely named yourself as vasudev and bore my
lnslgnla 1ake my refuge or face Lhe baLLle
Shukdev sald arlkshlL hearlng Lhe message of aundrak ugrasen and oLher courLlers began Lo
laugh Lord asked Lhe envoy Lo lnform aundrak LhaL Pe would launch Pls wheel on hlm and hls
army
8ecelvlng Lhe message aundrak launched an aLLack on uwaraka wlLh Lwo Akshauhlnl army 1he
klng of kashl was a frlend of aundrak Pe Loo came Lo hls asslsLance wlLh Lhree Akshauhlnl
armles aundrak had dlsgulsed as vasudev and was bearlng arLlflcal conch wheel mace and
loLus and Pe had also adorned SwasLlk kausLubh eLc All Lhe people began Lo laugh aL
aundraks clown llke aLLlre
ln no Llme Lhe Lord sLrlpped hlm of all hls adornmenLs Pls wheel cuL hls head 1hen wlLh an
arrow Lhe Lord cuL Lhe head of Lhe klng of kashl Pls head fell ln fronL of hls palaces gaLe
Suuakshaln Lhe son of Lhe kashl klng organlsed a grand ?agya Lo avenge hls faLhers kllllng
An ogress krlLya emerged from Lhe ?agya and began Lo burn uwaraka All Lhe people prayed
krlshna Lo proLecL Lhem Lord assured Lhem Lo be fearless and ordered Pls wheel Sudarshan Lo
klll krlLya Sudarshan exLlngulshed Lhe flre kllled krlLya and desLroyed kashl 1hen lL reLurned
Lo Lhe Lords flnger
SALvA1lCn Cl uWlvlu
1he klng arlkshlL expressed hls deslre Lo hear abouL Lhe llfe of 8alarama Shukdev sald C
klng Lhere was once a monkey named uwlvld Pe was Lhe frlend of 8haumasur When uwlvld
heard abouL 8haumasurs kllllng by Srl krlshna he began Lo cause large scale desLrucLlon ln Lhe
klngdom Pls dlsrupLlve acLlvlLles ln Lhe counLry began Lo Lerrorlze Lhe sub[ecLs of Lord krlshna
Cnce hearlng sweeL muslc Lhe monkey was drawn Lowards Lhe 8alvLak mounLaln 1here he saw
8alarama amldsL beauLlful young women 1he monkey began Lo behave lndecenLly Angered by
hls lndecency 8alarama hlL hlm wlLh hls pesLel named Sunand and kllled Lhe monkey
MA88lACL Cl SAM8
Samb was Lhe son of lord krlshna and born Lo !ambvaLl Pe had kldnapped Lakshmana Lhe
daughLer of uuryodhana from her Swayamvar lnfurlaLed kauravas chased Lhem and wlLh
dlfflculLy Lhey caughL Samb and Lled hlm When Lhe ?aduvanshls goL Lhe news Lhey began preparaLlons
Lo launch an aLLack on kauravas 8alarama paclfled Lhem and reached PasLlnapur
alone 1here he recelved a warm welcome from Lhe kauravas 8alarama sald Lo Lhem lL ls an
order of Lhe klng ugrasen LhaL you should see Samb off wlLh hls newly wedded wlfe Pearlng
8alaramas words kauravas goL angry and began Lo derlde ?aduvanshls lnfurlaLed by kauravas
derlslons 8alarama Lralned hls pesLle and plough Pe lnLended Lo Lurn over Lhe Lown of
PasLlnapur lnLo Lhe rlver ?amuna When Lhe clLy began Lo shake kauravas felL perplexed and
begged 8alarama for hls pardon 8alarama assured Lhem Lo be fearless and reLurned Lo uwaraka
wlLh Samb and hls newly wedded wlfe Lakshmana
1PL klnCS ln CA1lvl1? SLLk LC8uS PLL
Shukdev says arlkshlL once Lord krlshna was holdlng Pls courL when an emlssary arrlved ln
Lhe courL 1he klngs who were held capLlve forclbly by !arasandh had senL hlm 1he emlssary
relaLed Lhe mlserles of Lhose klngs Lo Lord krlshna 1hrough Lhe emlssary Lhe klngs had
requesLed C Lord of Lhe world klndly geL us free from our mlserles We are ln your refuge
We deslre your slghL klndly besLow us wlLh your grace Lord krlshna senL Lhe emlssary off
wlLh assurance of Llmely acLlon
Meanwhlle uevarlshl narada arrlved ln Lhe courL and lnformed Lhe Lord of ?udhlsLhlras
lnLenLlon Lo organlse a grand 8a[suy ?agya and hls cordlal lnvlLaLlon for Lhe Lord Lo aLLend Lhe
ceremony Lord asked hls frlend uddhava for an advlce as Lo where Pe oughL Lo go flrsL Lo
lndraprasLha ln 8a[suy ?agya or Lo llberaLe Lhe klng from Lhe capLlvlLy of !arasandh uddhava
advlsed Lord Lo go Lo lndraprasLha flrsL 1here Pe would be able Lo serve boLh Lhe purposes
uddhavas advlse was ln Lhe lnLeresL of all Lveryone supporLed lL 1aklng permlsslon from Pls
prlesL and Leachers Lord seL ouL on a charloL wlLh Lhe whole famlly Lo reach lndraprasLha ln
lndraprasLha andavas accorded Lhe Lord wlLh warmhearLed fellclLaLlons 8y Lhe dlcLaLe of
Lord Mayasur bullL a dlvlne looklng courL for ?udhlsLhlra 1he courLroom was a marvellous
plece of archlLecLure 1he shlnnlng smooLh floor of lL appeared llke waLer whlle waLer bodles
presenLed a look llke marble floors
klLLlnC Cl !A8ASAnuP
uurlng ?udhlsLhlras 8a[suy ?agya all Lhe andavas seL ouL ln all Lhe dlrecLlons Lo conquer Lhe
klngs and expand Lhe boundarles of Lhelr klngdom Warrlors llke 8heem Ar[una defeaLed greaL
klngs all around and exLended Lhe boundarles of ?udhlsLhlras emplre 8uL Lo defeaL !arasandh
8hlma Ar[una and Lord krlshna wenL ln Lhe gulse 8rahmlns 1hey reached !arasandh caplLal
Clrlvra[ and prayed hlm for donaLlons !arasandh promlsed Lo glve Lhem Lhe Lhlngs of Lhelr
deslres Lord krlshna Lhen lnLroduced Lhemselves and begged !arasandh for a duel wlLh any of
Lhem !arasandh accepLed Lo flghL a duel wlLh 8hlma Pe gave 8hlma a mace and boLh of Lhem
came ouL Lo Lhe ouLsklrLs of Lhe Lown where Lhey began Lhelr duel 8oLh of Lhem were equally
sLrong and equally brave and well plLLed
1wenLyseven days passed buL Lhelr duel remalned lnconcluslve Cn Lhe LwenLyelghLh day
durlng Lhe flghL Lord slgnaled 8hlma a way Lo klll !arasandh Pe Look a small Lwlg ln hls hands and Lore lL
aparL lnLo Lwo 8hlma undersLood Lhe slgnal and beaLlng !arasandh on ground he Lore
hlm aparL ln Lwo pleces and Lhrew Lhem ln opposlLe dlrecLlons 1hus came Lhe end of evll
!arasandh Lord krlshna and Ar[una hearLlly greeLed 8hlma for hls success 1hey Lhen enLhroned
!arasandhs son Sahdev and also goL Lhe capLlve klngs released
SALvA1lCn Cl SPlSPuAL
klng ?udhlsLhlra had lnvlLed greaL vedlc 8rahmlns and Acharayas on Lhe occaslon 1hose greaL
Sages lncluded ved vyasa 8hardwa[ SumanLu CauLam AslL vashlshLha Chyvan kanv
MalLreya kavash ChlL vlshvamlLra vamdev SumaLl !emlnl kraLu all arashurama
Shukracharya Asurl vlLlhoLra Madhuchchanda veersen and AkrlLvarn eLc ersons from
kauravas slde llke urona 8hlsma krlpacharya uhrlLrashLra vldhur and uuryodhan eLc were
Loo lnvlLed Lo wlLness Lhe celebraLlons Lven 8rahma Shlv lndra Candharvas vldyadhars had
Loo arrlved 8uL before Lhe ?agya could sLarL a dlspuLe cropped up among Lhe greaL sages as Lo
who oughL Lo be worshlpped flrsL ln Lhe ?agya
ln Lhe oplnlon of Sahdeva (youngesL of Lhe andava broLhers noL Lhe son of !arasandh) Lord
krlshna deserved Lhe flrsL worshlp Lvery one supporLed hlm Cnly Shlshupal could noL LoleraLe
Lhe declslon Pe sLood up and sald ln Lhe presence of such greaL asceLlcs savanLs polymaLhs
and sages how can Lhls cowherd deserve Lhe flrsL worshlp uesplLe Shlshupal blLLer remarks
Lord krlshna kepL quleL 8uL Shlshupal dld noL Lncouraged by Lords sllence he began Lo aLLack
Lhe klngs who sLood by Lords slde wlLh sword Pe was slmulLaneously abuslng Lord krlshna
also Lord had assured Shlshupal of Lhls forglveness for up Lo one hundred slns 8uL now
Shlshupals slns have crossed LhaL permlLLed number So quleLlng all Lord cuL hls head wlLh Pls
wheel As soon as Lhe dead body of Shlshupal fell on Lhe ground a flame emerged from lL and
merged wlLh Lord krlshna Shukdev says C arlkshlL feellngs of hosLlllLy had been
accumulaLlng ln Lhe hearL of Shlshupal for hls pasL Lhree blrLhs agalnsL Lord krlshna lL was
because of Lhese lnLense hosLlle feellngs LhaL Shlshupal meL salvaLlon evenLually
AfLer Lhe salvaLlon of Shlshupal ceremonles and rlLuals of ?agya proceeded unabaLed AL Lhe
end klng ?udhlsLhlra presenLed all Lhose presenL Lhere wlLh flLLlng glfLs and Look ceremonlal baLh
AL Lhe requesL of andavas lord krlshna sLayed ln lndraprasLha for many monLhs
SALvA1lCn Cl SPALv
Shukdev says arlkshlL now llsLen Lo Lhe Lale of how Lord caused salvaLlon for Shalv Shalv
was Lhe chlldhood frlend of Shlshupal and had aLLended Lhe marrlage of 8ukmanl as a member of
Shlshupals weddlng parLy AL LhaL Llme ?aduvanshls had defeaLed Lhem all lncludlng !arasandh
and Shalv 8lghL aL LhaL momenL Shalv had resolved Lo desLroy ?aduvanshls and began
worshlpplng Cods of Lhe gods ashupaLl (Shlva) Lord AshuLosh Lord Shlva was pleased wlLh
hlm As a boon Shalv had goL an aeroplane LhaL was lnvlnclble even for Lhe gods demons
humans nagas eLc and was parLlcularly formldable for ?aduvanshls 8y Lhe dlcLaLe of Lord Lord
Shlva Lhe demon Maya consLrucLed such an aeroplane of lron 1he aeroplane named Saubh was
as blg as a clLy and was dlfflculL Lo be spoLLed or caughL lL could move as fasL as ones wlshes
Soon afLer geLLlng Lhe aeroplane Shalv launched an aLLack of uwarakaSurroundlng uwaraka Shalv
began Lo desLroy bulldlngs and houses Lhere Seelng Lhe people
Lerrorlzed radyumn consoled Lhem Lo be fearless and hlmself seL ouL on a charloL Lo counLer
Shalv Pe plerced Shalv wlLh arrows 8uL Shalvs mlnlsLer uyumana aLLacked radyumn wlLh a
mace 8y Lhe blow of Lhe mace radyumn losL hls consclousness 8uL soon he came around and
began Lo slay Shalvs forces 1he flerce baLLle conLlnued for LwenLyseven days Lord was away
Lhen ln lndraprasLha ?agya 8uL Pe was sure LhaL ln hls absence kshaLrlya klngs of Shlshupal
slde would be aLLacklng on uwaraka
Lord reached uwaraka and saw a flerce baLLle beLween radyumn and Shalv Seelng Lord arrlve
Shalv began Lo aLLack Plm wlLh sharp arrows Lord hlL Shalv wlLh a powerful blow of mace and
he began Lo splL blood from hls mouLh Pe Lhen Lrled Lo show many llluslons and showered Lord
wlLh weapons 8uL Lord wounded Shalv wlLh hls arrows broke hls aeroplane wlLh hls mace
very soon LhereafLer Lhe aeroplane plunged ln Lo Lhe sea Shalv Lhen aLLacked Lord wlLh mace buL
Lord cuL hls head wlLh Sudarshan wheel Seelng hls end all Lhe gods showered flowers on Lord
SALvA1lCn Cl uAn1vAk18A Anu vluu8A1P
AfLer Lhe kllllng of Shlshupal Shalv eLc uanLvakLra arrlved ln Lhe baLLlefleld carrylng a mace
When Lord saw hlm comlng Pe Loo [umped down from Lhe charloL and baulked hls movemenL
wlLh a mace uanLvakLra Lrled Lo humlllaLe Cod wlLh hls abuses and hlL hlm on head wlLh hls
mace Lord easlly bore Lhe blow of mace and hlL uanLvakLras chesL wlLh hls mace named
kaumodakl uanLvakLras hearL Lore aparL by Lhe blow and he fell dead
vlduraLh was Lhe broLher of uanLvakLra Pe came ln Lhe fleld wlLh sword and shleld Lo avenge hls
broLhers deaLh Seelng hlm ready Lo launch an aLLack Lord cuL vlduraLhs head wlLh hls wheel
1hus Lord krlshna enLered uwaraka only afLer kllllng Shalv uanLvakLra and vlduraLh All Lhe
gods and oLher lnhablLanLs of heaven showered flowers on Plm
SuuAMA 1PL LC8uS l8lLnu
uurlng hls sLay as a dlsclple aL Lhe hermlLage of sage Sandlpanl Lord krlshna had a 8rahmln
frlend named Sudama Pe was very lndlfferenL ln naLure wlLh no deslres for Lhe maLerlal Lhlngs
AfLer Lhelr educaLlon Lord krlshna came Lo uwaraka whlle Sudama who had no any lncllnaLlon
for accumulaLlng maLerlal wealLh goL marrled and began Lo pass hls llfe wlLh hls wlfe Susheela
ab[ecL poverLy
Cne day hls wlfe Susheela sald C lord your frlend krlshna ls Lhe klng of uwaraka Pe ls very
benevolenL Lo 8rahmlns and hls devoLees lf you go Lo see hlm he wlll undersLand your mlserles
and granL you a loL of wealLh 8uL Sudama plalnly refused saylng uevl l have chosen Lhe paLh
of devoLlon for self upllfLmenL and noL for Lhe wealLh Susheela however kepL of lnslsLlng All
rlghL donL go for Lhe wealLh 8uL aL leasL you can go Lo see your old frlend Sudama accepLed
Lhls proposlLlon Lhlnklng LhaL only Lhe slghL of Lord ylelds supreme beneflL Lo Lhe devoLee 8uL
he wanLed someLhlng as a glfL Lo presenL Lo hls old frlend AL Lhls hls wlfe Lled four handfuls of
raw rlce ln a bundleWlLh LhaL humble glfL Sudama seL ouL for uwaraka Pls poverLy was aL lLs helm 8uL
he kepL on
reclLlng Lords name all along Lhe way AfLer walklng for some dlsLance Sudama felL LhlrsLy Pe
drank waLer quenched hls LhlrsL and Lhanked Cod LhaL Pe aL leasL does glve waLer Lo drlnk
Sudama kepL on walklng Lhe whole day ln Lhe evenlng he kepL Lhe bundle of rlce under hls head
as a plllow and slepL
now lL was Cods Lurn Lo show Pls graLlLude for Lhe devoLee When Sudama awoke ln Lhe
mornlng he found hlmself rlghL ln fronL of Lord krlshnas palace AL flrsL he could noL belleve
hls eyes buL Lhe people Lold hlm LhaL he was ln uwaraka and sLandlng rlghL before Lhe lords
palace Sudama requesLed Lhe gaLekeeper Lo lnform Lord krlshna LhaL hls chlldhood frlend
Sudama had come Lord krlshna was slLLlng ln Lhe company of 8ukmanl when Lhe gaLekeeper
dellvered Lhe message As soon as Lord krlshna learned abouL Sudamas arrlval Pe sLood up and
ran helLerskelLer Lo welcome hls chlldhood frlend AL Lhe gaLe Pe cordlally embraced Sudama
and escorLed hlm lnLo hls prlvaLe chamber and made hlm slL on Lhe Lhrone
krlshna and queen 8ukmanl boLh washed Sudamas feeL one by one 8y Lhe mere Louch of hls
frlend krlshna was feellng over[oyed Pls eyes fllled wlLh Lears Pe and Sudama were holdlng
each oLhers hands 1helr hearLs were beaLlng wlLh Lhe memorles of Lhelr perlod as dlsclples aL Lhe
hermlLage of Sandlpanl lor long none of Lhem could uLLered a word AL lasL Sudama sald C
!agadguru krlshna l have Lhe forLune of belng your frlend WhaL remalns for me Lo do?
Lord krlshna sald 8roLher have you broughL for me someLhlng senL by my slsLerlnlaw? l love
Lo accepL even Lhe peLLlesL Lhlng presenLed wlLh affecLlon
Shukdev says C arlkshlL aL Lhe Lords words Sudama felL ashamed and he dld noL reveal Lhe
four handfuls of raw rlce LhaL he had broughL as glfL WlLh shame Sudama began Lo look aL Lhe
ground Lord knew everyLhlng LhaL hls dear frlend Sudama had never remembered hlm wlLh a
deslre for wealLh 1hls Llme Loo he has come aL Lhe lnslsLence of hls wlfe
Pence l wlll glve hlm Lhe wealLh LhaL ls rare even for Lhe gods LhoughL Lord krlshna and
snaLched Lhe bundle of raw rlce and opened lL wlLh greaL respecL Pe puL one handful of lL ln hls
mouLh When Lord proceeded Lo Lake nexL handful queen 8ukmanl held hls hand and prayed C
vlshvambhar (fosLerer of Lhe world) for Lhe prosperlLy of enLlre world Lhls one handful ls
sufflclenL
Sudama sLayed LhaL nlghL ln Lhe palace of Srl krlshna 1here he experlenced Lhe comforL of
valkunLh (abode of Cod) SLaylng Lhere for many days Sudama aL lasL Look leave of Srl krlshna
and seL ouL for hls home Lord dld noL glve Sudama anyLhlng apparenLly nor dld Sudama asked
for Pls favour Pe was Lravelllng overwhelmed by a dlvlne sense of devoLlon and felL LhaL
krlshna mlghL have noL glven hlm wealLh lesL he should forgeL Plm
1hus sunk ln myrlad klnds of LhoughLs Sudama reached hls home 8uL aL Lhe place where hls
dllapldaLed huL sLood once Lhere was now a dlvlne palace surrounded by verdanL gardens 1he
floors of Lhe palace were embedded wlLh preclous gems and sLones SLandlng aL Lhe gaLe Sudama
felL confused when hls wlfe Susheela came ouL wlLh scenLed waLer Lo welcome hlm 1ears were
rolllng on her cheeks WlLh love she greeLed Sudama and escorLed hlm lnslde Lhe palace Sudama was
sLlll reflecLlng over Lhe Cods grace and praylng May l have Lhe frlendshlp of lord ln every
blrLh may my affecLlon lncrease for Lords feeL l donL wanL wealLh Slnce Lhen Sudama
en[oyed Lhe comforLs of Lhe palace as Lhe bounLy of Lord besLowed upon hlm by non oLher Lhan
Lhe Lord krlshna hlmself Pls devoLlon lncreased day by day
MLL1lnC Cl LC8u Wl1P CCASCClS
Shukdev says C arlkshlL Lord krlshna was passlng hls Llme wlLh pleasure ln uwaraka A
LoLal solar ecllpse happened Lo fall durlng LhaL perlod eople from all over lndla Lhronged ln
kuruksheLra Lo Lake a dlp ln sacred Canges on LhaL greaL occaslon All Lhe ?aduvanshls Loo
arrlved Lhere When vra[vasls (lnhablLanLs of vra[) learned abouL krlshna and 8alaramas arrlval
ln kuruksheLra Lhey Loo assembled Lhere
uurlng Lhe fesLlval Lord krlshna meL Pls fosLerfaLher nand and oLher cowherds who were hls
chlldhood frlends Lord krlshna meL Lhe Copls also who had been plnlng for hls slghL slnce long
1hey en[oyed Lhe meeLlng and kepL on chaLLlng for long Cverwhelmed by love and [oy vasudev
embraced nand Lord krlshna and 8alarama respecLfully greeLed moLher ?ashoda and faLher
nand 1hey Loo embraced krlshna and 8alarama cordlally
Copls were speclally overwhelmed by Lords slghL 1hey had no oLher deslre buL Lo have a slghL
of Lord 1haL day Lhelr long cherlshed dream had come Lrue Copls lmbued Lhe capLlvaLlng
appearance of Lord and experlenced Lhe [oy of embraclng Plm Lord meL all Lhe Copls and
embraced Lhem lnqulred abouL Lhelr well belng and preached Lhem wlLh splrlLual knowledge 8y
Lhe vlrLue of LhaL knowledge feellng of llvlng dlsappeared among Lhe Copls and Lhey merged
wlLh Cod forever
C8CAnlSA1lCn Cl ?AC?A 8? vASuuLv
uevarlshl narada vyasa and many oLher greaL sages arrlved ln kuruksheLra Lo have a slghL of
Lord Lord welcomed Lhem all 1hen vasudev greeLed Lhem and enqulred abouL way for hls self
up llfLmenL Laughlngly narada sald vasudev a person already llvlng aL Lhe bank of Lhe
Canges dlscards her holy waLer and goes Lo oLher places of pllgrlmage for hls purlflcaLlon
ln Lhe presence of krlshna and 8alarama Lhe sages sald ?ou regard Lhe lndescrlble eLernal
Sachchldanand Srl krlshna as your son and seek Lhe way of your self upllfLmenL from us C
vasudev recognlse Plm 1ake Lo Pls refuge only Pe can save you vasudev goL Lhe meanlng
of sages words and began Lo develop feellngs of devoLlon for hls son Lvery human belng has
obllgaLlon for Lhe gods sages and hls ancesLors 1he sages goL a ?agya performed ln
kuruksheLra by vasudev Lo free hlm from Lhe obllgaLlon for gods
8LvlS1lnC Cl uLvAklS Slx SCnS
ln uwaraka krlshna and 8alarama used Lo greeL Lhelr parenLs flrsL dally ln Lhe mornlng now
vasudev had recognlsed Pls ldenLlLy So afLer Lhelr reLurn from kuruksheLra when krlshna and
8alarama wenL as usual Lo greeL Lhelr parenLs vasudev greeLed Lhem flrsL Lord krlshna Lhen preached
hls faLher abouL Lhe meLaphyslcal knowledge WlLh LhaL knowledge vasudev began Lo
see krlshna everywhere
MoLher uevakl was also presenL Lhere Memory of her slx chlldren who were kllled by kansa
was sLlll afresh ln her mlnd She had heard LhaL krlshna had feLched Lhe dead son of Sandlpanl
from ?amloka So she prayed Lo Lhem ?ou boLh are venerable even Lo Lhe gods klndly granL
me my deslre Show me my slx sons who were kllled by kansa 8y Lhelr moLhers dlcLaLe and
helped by ?ogmaya boLh Lhe broLhers reached SuLal Loka
1he demon klng 8all welcomed Lhem Lhere and offered Lhem a seaL and washed Lhelr feeL klng
8all Lhen asked Cod whaL could he do for Plm Lord sald C demon klng ln Swayambhuv
ManvanLara slx sons were born Lo urna Lhe wlfe of ra[apaLl Marlchl 1hey were all gods 1hey
had once seen 8rahma Lrylng Lo copulaLe wlLh hls own daughLer and hence derlded aL hlm
lndlgnanL 8rahma had Lhen curse Lhem Lo Lake blrLh ln demon lncarnaLlon 1hey Lherefore were
born as Lhe sons of Plranykashlpu
ln Lhe presenL era ?ogmaya had made Lhem born as uevakls sons who were kllled by kansa
1hey are all now ln your Loka MoLher uevakl ls mournlng for Lhem so we shall Lake Lhem wlLh
us 1hey wlll Lhus be freed from Lhe curse and go Lo Lhelr heavenly abode 1hus Lord krlshna
and 8alarama broughL Lhose slx bables Lo uwaraka and handed Lhem Lo moLher uevakl Seelng
her bables agaln uevakls hearL fllled wlLh love for her sons Mllk began Lo flood her breasL She
breasLfed Lhem urlnklng Lhe mllk all Lhe bables recelved salvaLlon 1hey Lhen deparLed Lo Lhelr
heavenly abode
LCvL Anu MA88lACL Cl Su8PAu8A Anu A8!unA
klng arlkshlL asked Curudev how dld my grandfaLher Ar[una and grandmoLher Subhadra goL
marrled? l wanL Lo hear Lhls Lale klndly narraLe lL Lo me
Shukdev sald arlkshlL once Lravelllng on a pllgrlmage Lour Ar[una reached ln rabhas reglon
1here he learned LhaL 8alarama was deslrous of marrylng hls slsLer Subhadra Lo uuryodhan 8uL
vasudev and krlshna were noL ln Lhe favour of Lhls marrlage So a sLrong urge Look hold ln hls
mlnd Lo geL Subhadra as hls wlfe AcLlng as per Lhe urge Ar[una reached uwaraka ln Lhe gulse of
valshnava sage lL was ralny season Lhen so wlLh an excuse of ChaLurmasya vraL (four monLhs
long fasL) Ar[una sLayed ln uwaraka uurlng hls sLay 8alarama served and looked afLer hlm
very well 8uL nelLher 8alarama nor any oLher lnmaLes of Lhe palace could recognlse Ar[una
Cnce 8alarama lnvlLed Ar[una Lo hls home 1here he offered good dellclous food Lo Ar[una
Subhadra Loo served hlm well 1here Lhey fell ln love wlLh each oLher LaLer on boardlng a
charloL Subhadra wenL ouL of Lhe palace for a [oy rlde AL Lhe ouLsklrLs of Lhe Lown Ar[una was
awalLlng for her Pe had already Laken permlsslon of uevakl vasudev and krlshna Subhadra
Loo had sllenLly nodded her accepLance
So LhaL evenlng Ar[una and Subhadra eloped from uwaraka 1he news of Subhadra eolplng wlLh
Ar[una flrsL ouLraged 8alarama 8uL Lord krlshna and oLher near and dear ones convlnced and
paclfled hlm8A?L8S Cl vLuAS
klng arlkshlL asked 8rahmln 8rahma ls beyond Lhe llmlL of dos and whys Pe ls free from
Lhe vlrLues llke SaL 8a[a and 1ama Pe cannoL be seen by mlnd Cn Lhe oLher hand Cuna
(vlrLues) ls Lhe sub[ecL of all Lhe ShruLls (vedas) Pow do vedas Lhen deplcL 8rahma?
Shukdev says arlkshlL Lord ls omnlpoLenL and a Lreasure of all Lhe vlrLues ShruLls (vedas) do
deplcL Saguna (wlLh vlrLues) clearly 8uL reflecL on Lhem deeply and you geL vlrLuesless meanlng
from Lhem Cnce Lord 8adrlnarayana had arrlved among Lhe lnhablLanL sages of kalaygram
uevarlshl narada had asked hlm Lhe same quesLlon ln Lhe assembly of Lhe greaL sages Lord Lhen
narraLed Lhe same Lale whlch Lhe lnhablLanLs of !anloka had asked
1he supreme sages llke Sanakadl and hls broLhers were equal ln knowledge penance eLc ?eL
Lhey chose Sanandan as Lhe narraLor and resL Lhree became Lhe audlence Sanandan had sald
Such as Lhe savanLs and balladlers slng ln pralse Lhelr klng Lo wake hlm up ln Lhe mornlng
slmllarly annlhllaLlng Lhe enLlre unlverse ln Plm aramaLma (supreme soul) lles asleep wlLh all
Pls powers AL Lhe end of ralaya vedas (ShurLls) wake Plm up Lhrough Lhe words LhaL
demonsLraLe Plm
ShruLls (vedas) says C A[lL (lnvlnclble one) you are supreme no one can conquer you may
you wln everywhere C Lord you are compleLe wlLh all Lhe luxurles hence desLroy Lhe llluslon
LhaL allures all Lhe llvlng belngs We are unable Lo descrlbe your appearance 8uL when your
powers manlfesL ln creaLlon We geL some ablllLy Lo descrlbe you
uescrlpLlon of 8rahma lndra Agnl Surya and oLher gods by us (vedas) appears as separaLe
1he compleLe unlverse ls noL dlfferenL from you lL ls a descrlpLlon of your varlous forms ?ou
are unborn even ln Lhose ldols ?ou do noL Lake blrLh
All Lhe vedas descrlbe your merlLs All Lhe savanLs love none buL you Lhrough hearlng and
rememberlng of your ausplclous benevolenL vlrLues
C endless lf anybody ln human lncarnaLlons does noL reclLe or remember your name he ls
breaLhlng ln valn
uharma (duLy) ArLha (wealLh) kama (sensual pleasure) and Moksha (salvaLlon) have no
meanlng for Lhose who remember you wlLh pure hearL
C endless glorlous Lord common people are wanderlng ln ab[ecL darkness of unnecessary
dlspuLes ?our reallzaLlon ls lmposslble When wlll LhaL momenL arrlve ln my llfe When l shall
reclLe your names llke Madhav vamana 1rllochan Covlnd eLc wlLh [oy and geL free from all
Lhe mlserles
C Lord Lhls enLlre unlverse ls false 8uL sLlll appears as real We pray Lo LhaL Cod who ls presenL
as an lllumlnaLlng LruLh ln Lhls false creaLlonC Lord of all people can noL sall across Lhls ocean of deaLh
wlLhouL you no maLLer whaL Lhey do
Lo achleve salvaLlon 1helr all efforLs are fuLlle
C Lord all Lhe llvlng belngs are wanderlng ln your llluslon 8uL Lhe learned ones donL regard
Lhemselves separaLe from Lhe cycle of llfe and deaLh ln your shelLer Lhey have noLhlng Lo fear
Shukdev says arlkshlL as per your query l Lold you how vedas descrlbe arabrahma
aramaLma who ls free from naLural vlrLues and lnvlslble C klng lL ls Lhe lord who
concepLuallzes Lhe unlverse and ls presenL ln Lhe beglnnlng mld and Lhe end of lL Pe ls Lhe Lord
of naLure and creaLures lL ls Pe who creaLed Lhe unlverse and enLered lL wlLh Lhe creaLures Pe
creaLed Lhe bodles and conLrols Lhem Such as a human belng who ls lmmersed ln deep sleep ls
noL aware of hls body Slmllarly on recelvlng Cod Lhe creaLure ls freed from llluslon So one
musL conLlnuously reflecL on Lhe vlrLues of Lord Srl krlshna
8LLLASL Cl LC8u SPlvA l8CM C8lSlS
arlkshlL asked Curudev Lhose among Lhe gods human belngs and Lhe demons who worshlp
Lord Lord Shlva geL wealLh very soon 8uL Lhose who worshlp Lord narayana remaln
affllcaLed wlLh scarclLy WhaL ls Lhe reason for LhaL?
Shukdev sald arlkshlL your grandfaLher ?udhlsLhlra had puL Lhe same quesLlon before Lord
krlshna
ln reply Lord krlshna had sald C ?udhlsLhlra l Lake away all Lhe wealLh from Lhose whom l
besLow my grace When Lhey are poor Lhelr relaLlves deserL Lhem l even render Lhelr efforLs
useless when Lhey Lry Lo earn money 1hus belng unsuccessful repeaLedly Lhe people develop an
aLLlLude of lndlfference for wealLh 1hen Lhey begln Lo Lake shelLer as my devoLee and mlngle
wlLh me Cnly Lhen l besLow my full grace on Lhem and Lhey recelve me as Sachchldanand
arbrahma 1hus pleaslng me Lhrough my worshlp ls exLremely dlfflculL Pence ordlnary people
glve me up and worshlp oLher delLles whlch are ln facL dlfferenL forms of me
Lord Shlva ls AshuLosh and besLows hls devoLees qulckly wlLh grace Pe glves wealLh and oLher
rlches Lo hls devoLees 8uL once Lhey geL wealLh Lhe devoLees become despoLlc and even forgeL
Lhe Cod who had blessed Lhem ln Lhls conLexL Shukdev narraLed one anclenL Lale Lo arlkshlL
Cnce upon a Llme Lhere was a demon vrlkasur Pe had pleased Lord Shlva and soughL a boon
LhaL Lhe person upon whose head Lhe demon puL hls hand should be lnclneraLed aL once Lord
Shlva granLed Lhe boon wlLhouL conslderlng Lhe consequences 8uL as soon as Lhe demon goL Lhls
supernaLural power he ran Lo lnclneraLe Lord Shlva flrsL 1he demon was eyelng Caurl arvaLl
so he was deLermlned Lo ellmlnaLe Lord Shlva now afrald of hls own boon Lord Shlva ran for
hls llfe wlLh Lhe demon followlng hlm ln hoL pursulL AL lasL Lord Shlva reached ln valkunLh and
Lold Lord vlshnu abouL hls crlsls Lord aL once lllusloned Lhe demon and made hlm puL hls hand
on hls own head 8y Lhe vlrLue of Lhe boon Lhe demon was lnclneraLed ln no Llme and Lhus Lord
Shlva could be saved
1LS1lnC Cl 18lnl1?Cnce upon a Llme all Lhe sages assembled on Lhe bank of SaraswaLl rlver A dlspuLe
errupLed
among Lhem as Lo who among Lhe LrlnlLy was Lhe greaLesL 8y consensus Lhey appolnLed sage
8hrlgu Lo LesL Lhe LrlnlLy of 8rahma vlshnu and Mahesh 8hrlgu reached Lo 8rahma buL dld noL
greeL hlm 8rahma goL lnfurlaLed buL slnce Lhe sage 8hrlgu was hls own son Pe dld noL curse
hlm 1hen 8hrlgu vlsLed Lord Shlva Lord Shlva proceeded Lo embrace Lhe sage 8uL lnsLead of
accepLlng Lord Shlvas welcome Lhe sage began Lo abuse Plm saylng ?ou vlolaLe Lhe dlgnlLy
of vedas so l wlll noL meeL wlLh you Angry Lord Shlva ralsed hls LrldenL Lo klll hlm buL
8hagavaLl sLopped Plm AL lasL 8hrlgu reached valkunLh Lo see Lord vlshnu
Lord was lylng wlLh head ln Lhe lap of Lakshml 8hrlgu klcked hard aL Pls chesL 8uL lnsLead of
geLLlng angry Lord goL up bowed hls head before Lhe sage and begged pardon C Sage pardon
me l could noL welcome you aL once aL your arrlval ?our feeL are sofL l hope Lhey are noL hurL
All my slns have been washed by Lhe Louch of your feeL 8hrlgu felL very pleased by Lhe serlous
Lalks of Lord Pls hearL felL overwhelmed wlLh excess of devoLlon Pe reLurned Lo Lhe assembly
of Lhe sages and narraLed hls experlence Slnce Lhen Lord vlshnu ls regarded as Lhe Supreme and
glver of peace and fearlessness
8LvlvAL Cl 88APMlnS uLAu CPlLu8Ln
1here ln uwaraka llved a 8rahmln When Lhe flrsL son was born Lo hls wlfe lL dled lmmedlaLely
afLer blrLh 1he 8rahmln Look hls dead son Lo Lhe royal courL and complalned My Son has dled
because of anLl8rahmln and llcenLlous acLlons of Lhe klng Cne by one Lhus elghL sons were
born Lo Lhe 8rahmln couple buL Lhey all dled lmmedlaLely afLer blrLh And Lhe 8rahmln kepL on
dumplng hls dead sons aL Lhe gaLe of Lhe royal palace
When hls nlnLh son was born and dled Ar[una was also Lhere ln uwaraka Pe made a promlse Lo
Lhe 8rahmlns l shall guard your son or commlL self lmmolaLlon AL Lhe Llme of nexL dellvery Lhe
aglLaLed 8rahmln came Lo Ar[una 1ralnlng hls bow and arrows Ar[una made all arrangemenLs Lo
proLecL 8rahmlns LenLh son SancLlfled by many manLras Ar[unas arrows consLrucLed a fence
around Lhe labour room A chlld Look blrLh buL lL Loo dled afLer some Llme 8rahmln Lhen cursed
Ar[una Ar[una scouLed Lhrough all Lhe Lhree worlds and even Lhe neLherworlds ln search of Lhe
8rahmlns dead son buL he could noL flnd hlm anywhere ulLlmaLely accepLlng hls fallure and as
per hls promlse Ar[una proceeded Lo lmmolaLe hlmself
Meanwhlle Lord krlshna Loo learned abouL Ar[unas vow and sLopped hlm from selflmmolaLlon
1hereafLer rldlng a dlvlne charloL Lord seL ouL wlLh Ar[una Lowards wesL 8eyond
Lhe llmlLs of cosmos 1hey reached Lhe abode of Lord vasudev ln 1rlpadvlbhuLl 1here Ar[una
saw LhaL Lord was presenL ln urushaoLLams appearance Srl krlshna and Ar[una greeLed Plm
Lord urushaoLLam sald ln a serlous volce C krlshna and Ar[una only Lo have a slghL of boLh
of you l broughL Lhe 8rahmlns sons Lo me 8oLh of you had Laken lncarnaLlon on earLh from my
parL Lo proLecL Lhe rellglon All Lhe demons have been slaln by now now you Loo reLurn Lo me
Srl krlshna and Ar[una agaln greeLed Lord and reLurned on earLh wlLh all Lhe sons of Lhe
8rahmlnAr[una was greaLly surprlsed Lo see Lhe supreme abode of Lord Pe felL LhaL whaLever sLrengLh
a
llvlng belng had lL was all by Srl krlshnas grace Llke common ordlnary people Lhe Lord
sLayed on earLh en[olng mundane comforLs performed ?agyas llke klngs behaved llke ldeallsLlc
people deLerred Pls sub[ecLs and slayed evll klngs Lo reesLabllsh rellglon on earLh
CPA1L8 LLLvLn
1PL SACLS Cu8SL ?AuuvAnSPlS
Shukdev sald C arlkshlL as Lhe Llme passed ?aduvanshls grew sLronger and more lnfluenclal now no
longer dld Lhey llke Lhe welcomlng and LreaLlng of Lhe greaL sages llke kanu uhrvasa MalLreya
uhannmy
eLc by Lhe Lord Lord krlshna knew abouL Lhelr dlsllklng buL secreLly Pe was pleased by Lhls change ln
?aduvanshls behavlour for Pe knew LhaL by dlsregardlng Lhe salnLs and Lhe scrlpLures Lhey would meeL
Lhelr end sooner
Cnce Lhe ?aduvanshls cloLhed !ambvaLls son Samb ln a womans aLLlre and showlng hlm Lo Lhe
sages asked mocklngly Mahara[ Lhls ls our slsLerlnlaw She ls an expecLlng moLher She feels
shy Lo ask buL Lell us whaL wlll be born Lo her?
1hrough Lhelr unfalllng vlslon Lhe Sages knew Lhe reallLy and sald lools a pesLle shall be born
Lo her and LhaL pesLle shall exLermlnaLe Lhe enLlre ?aduvansh now all Lhe ?aduvanshls were
perplexed by sages predlcLlon and approached Lhelr klng ugrasen 8uL even Lhe klng was
helpless now because he could noL change Lhe words Lhe plous sages
ln due course a pesLle was born Lo Samb lrlghLened of an lmmlnenL faLe ?aduvanshls crushed
Lhe pesLle lnLo a flne powder and Lhrew lL lnLo Lhe sea Cnly a nall remalned LhaL also was Lhrown
lnLo Lhe sea where a flsh swallowed lL A flsher caughL Lhe flsh and cuL lL open and found Lhe nall
Pe gave lL Lo a hunLer 1he hunLer flxed Lhe nall ln Lhe head of hls arrow Cn Lhe oLher hand Lhe
sea waves washed Lhe powder of Lhe pesLle ashore where lL germlnaLed and grew as luxurlanL
grasses LaLer on once all Lhe ?aduvanshls assembled aL Lhe seashore for a plcnlc where Lhey
drank wlne and began Lo flghL wlLh one anoLher under lnLoxlcaLlon Soon Lhelr quarrel grew so
hlgh LhaL Lhey pulled ouL Lhe grasses whlch were growlng Lhere Lo use as Lhe arms WlLh Lhe
grasses Lhe ?aduvanshls beaL one anoLher Lo deaLh
nA8AuA 8LACPLS vASuuLv A8Cu1 8PACAvA1
Cnce narada arrlved ln uwaraka vasudev prayed hlm and requesLed Lo provlde hlm wlLh plous
company of 8hagavaL dharma narada sald C klng once upon a Llme nlne greaL sages arrlved
ln Lhe courL of Lhe klng !anaka klng !anaka had puL Lhe same curloslLy before Lhem also l wlll
narraLe Lhe conversaLlon LhaL followed Lhere beLween Lhe sages and Lhe klng
llrsL of all Lhe flrsL ?oglshwar kavl sald C klng !anaka dedlcaLlon ls Lhe flrsL duLy (dharma)
of a valshnav Pe should devoLe everyLhlng hls acLlons frulLs of acLlons and even hlmself aL
Lhe feeL of Lord Pe oughL Lo hear abouL Lords vlrLues Such a devoLee shall be lndlfferenL Lo Lhe
worldly affalrs and shall laugh dance or slng occaslonally and sancLlfled all Lhe Lhree worlds1he klng
Lhen asked abouL Lhe characLerlsLlcs of Lhe Lords devoLees AnoLher ?ogeshwar Parl
sald A Lrue devoLee of Lhe Lord remalns unaffecLed by feellngs llke hunger LhlrsL llfe deaLh
labour paln fear and deslre Such a devoLee ls Lhe excellenL klnd of 8hagavaL Lven Lhe wealLh
of all Lhe Lhree worlds cannoL shake Lhe falLh of such a devoLee because Lord Srl Parl hlmself
sLays ln hls hearL
WhaL ls llluslon? A ?ogeshwar AnLarlksh replled klng an llluslon ls also Cods play Pavlng
a possesslve feellng abouL mundane ls llluslon 1hlnklng ln Lerms of l Me Mlne My ?ou
?our ls also llluslon lf one can have such an affecLlon for Cod as he has for worldly Lhlngs one
can easlly surmounL Lhe llluslon
klng !anaka Lhen asked abouL Lhe meLhod of worshlpplng Lord A yogeshwar karbha[an sald
C klng Lhe Lord had a falr complexlon ln SaLya ?uga eople used Lo recelve Plm Lhrough
meLhods llke medlLaLlon reconclllaLlon eLc ln 1reLa ?uga Lhe Lord had reddlsh complexlon and
?agyas were Lhe maln means Lo achleve Plm ln uwapar ?uga Lhe Lord had yellowlsh
complexlon and Pe could be pleased Lhrough worshlps ln Lhe presenL kall ?uga Lord has dark
complexlon and one can recelve Plm Lhrough means llke reclLaLlon narraLlon and hearlng of Pls
name and plays
1hus narada preached vasudev abouL 8hagavaL dharma now Lhe hearL and mlnd of vasudev
were Lhoroughly clean and pure
LC8u uLA81S 1C PlS A8CuL Anu uLS18uC1lCn
Cl ?AuuvAnSPlS
1o remlnd Lhe Lord abouL Lhe momenL of Pls deparLure 8rahma arrlved ln uwaraka
accompanled by all Lhe gods Pe prayed Lo Plm C Lord you have compleLed your duLy of whaL
we had once requesLed you now ?ou please reLurn Lo your abode Lord sald Cn Lhe sevenLh
day from now uwaraka shall submerge ln Lhe sea and ?adavas shall flghL among Lhemselves Lo
deaLh l Loo shall deparL Lhen 1he arrow of a hunLer shall be Lhe cause of my deparLure
When uddhava learned LhaL Lord was abouL Lo wlnd up Pls plays he approached Plm and sald
l undersLand C Lord LhaL Lhls all ls happenlng by your wlsh 8uL l cannoL parL for a momenL
from your feeL Pence Lake me also wlLh you Lo your abode Lord sald uddhava l wlll noL go
anywhere My enLlre brllllance wlll be presenL ln Srlmad 8hagavaL ?ou sLay here preachlng
8hagavaL dharma Saylng Lhus lord preached uddhava abouL Lhe ClLa !nana Lhrough Lhe Lale of
AvadhooL
Lord narraLed Lhus uddhava Cnce our ancesLor ?adu happened Lo see Lord uaLLaLreya ln a
foresL Lord was lndulged ln Lhe supreme [oy ln Lhe gulse of AvadhooL ?adu asked hlm abouL
Lhe reasons for hls whlmslcal sLaLe AvadhooL had sald C klng maklng Lhe varlous anlmals
blrds lnsecLs eLc as my Leacher l have learned abouL splrlLuallLy from Lhem 1haL ls why l am
free from mournlng and aLLachmenL LarLh alr sky waLer flre Lhe moon Lhe sun plgeon
pyLhon sea grasshopper bumblebee honey bee elephanL exLracLor of honey deer flsh prosLlLuLe
osprey boy glrls arrowmaker snake splder and wasp are all my Leachers l Look
refuge aL Lhese LwenLyfour Leachers and learned from Lhelr behavlour
l learned forglveness from earLh purlLy from Lhe sky hollness and cleanllness from Lhe waLer
lnnocence and renunclaLlon from Lhe flre lndlfferenLness from Lhe alr Lo remaln unaffecLed by
clrcumsLances from moon abdlcaLlon from Lhe Sun lncoherence from Lhe plgeon dependence
upon faLe and remaln efforLless from Lhe pyLhon Lo remaln always happy and serlous from Lhe
sea Lo be under Lhe conLrol of sense organs and hence meeL LoLal desLrucLlon from Lhe
grasshopper acqulrlng of vlrLues from bumblebee faulL ln cumulaLlng from honey bee Lo absLaln
sensuous Lalks from Lhe deer Lo ellmlnaLe greed from Lhe flsh sorrow ln hope and happlness ln
desperaLlon from Lhe prosLlLuLe Lo feel happy ln uncerLalnLy from osprey dlspuLe among many
from Lhe glrls concenLraLlon from Lhe arrowmaker Lo roam alone and deLachmenL from a
parLlcular place from Lhe snake vlrLues of Lhe creaLor Lord from Lhe splder and l learned
slmllarlLy from Lhe wasp
ln Lhe gulse of AvadhooL Lord uaLLaLreya says C klng l learned wlsdom and apaLhy from my
body also because llfe deaLh llfe and deaLh agaln are lnseparably lnLerLwlned wlLh lL Pence Lhe
neL resulL of lovlng Lhls body ls noLhlng buL sorrow 1hus our own body also helps us Lo learn
abouL meLaphyslcal knowledge
Lord krlshna also explalned uddhava regardlng fuLlllLy of physlcal and heavenly luxurles 1hls
human body ls llke a Lree on whlch Lwo blrds !lvaLma and aramaLma (mlcrocosm and
supreme soul) have Laken shelLer 1wo frulLs happlness and sorrow appear on lL 1hese frulLs
are eaLen by !lvaLma (mlcrososm) whlle aramaLma (supreme soul) sLays as an lndlfferenL
onlooker 1here are Lhree klnds of !lva 8addh (8ound) 8hakLa (devoLee) and MukLa
(llberaLed) 8addh !lvas (bound souls) are Lhose who lndulge ln sensual pleasures and Lhose who
dlsllke plous company MukLa !lva (llberaLed souls) are Lhose who are free from aLLachmenL and
blndlngs 8hakLas (devoLees) are Lhose who medlLaLe on me and dedlcaLe Lhelr everyLhlng ln my
feeL and have love for my vlrLues My devoLee ls klnd free from flaws LoleranL has feellng of
fraLernlLy for all and conLrols hls deslres
8PlkSPu CLL1
Lord sald uddhava ln Lhe world Lhere ls lndeed a dearLh of such LoleranL people who can
LoleraLe blLLer remarks of evll ones ln Lhls conLexL Lhere ls a Lale of a greedy 8rahmln who llved
ln u[[aln 1haL 8rahmln had been badly LormenLed by Lhe evll people afLer he had losL hls wealLh
8uL sLlll Lhe 8rahmln dld noL lose hls paLlence and regardlng hls presenL sLaLe as a resulL of hls
prevlous blrLhs deeds he expressed hls feellngs Lhus
1hese people are noL Lhe cause of my mlserles nelLher Lhe gods nor body noL even planeLs and
Llme can be blamed for my mlserles ScrlpLures and learned ones held Lhe mlnd lLself gullLy of
ones mlserles lL ls Lhe mlnd LhaL runs Lhe cycle of Lhe world and makes every klnd of efforLs
ln Lhe absence of mlnd even Lhe soul ls rendered moLlonless When one accepLs Lhe dlcLaLes of
Lhe mlnd and lndulges ln sensual pleasures soul Loo comes Lo be bound wlLh Lhem 1he ulLlmaLe
ouLcome of all Lhe splrlLual efforLs llke cellbacy sLudy of vedas eLc and abldance Lo plous acLlons ls Lhe
concenLraLlon of mlnd ConcenLraLlon of mlnd and ls absLalnLaLlon from sensual
pleasures are Lhe prlmary condlLlons for aLLalnmenL of aram ?oga (supreme medlLaLlon) 1hus
Lord preached uddhava abouL !nana ClLa uddhava Loo Look 8hagavaL (whlch ls a form of Lhe
Lord) wlLh honor and deparLed for 8adrlkashrama
CPA1L8 1WLLvL
uLSC8l1lCn Cl u?nAS1lLS ln kALl ?uCA
Shukdev descrlbes abouL Lhe dynasLles LhaL would occur ln kall ?uga 8lpun[ay or urana[ay would be
Lhe lasL klng of 8rlhdraLh dynasLy 1hls dynasLy would be succeeded by Lhe klngs of nand dynasLy 1hen
a dlplomaLlc 8rahmln named Chanakya would exLermlnaLe Lhls dynasLy and enLhrone ChandragupL
Maurya ln Maurya dynasLy a greaL klng would occur by Lhe name of Ashokvardhan AfLer hlm ?avans
would rule Lhen for slx hundred and forLy years 1helr rule would be succeeded by Lhe governance of Lhe
falrcomplexloned forelgners who would rule for one hundred and slxLy years 1hereafLer Lhere would
be
no klng and no sub[ecLs because people from all Lhe classes would come forward Lo rule
1he ruler would be selecLed by Lhe ma[orlLy voLes 1here would be no any Lhlng llke holyness
Cows would grow Lhln llke nannles eople would noL marry as per Lhelr casLes Creed
selflshness and sex would be Lhe base of marrlage llfe ln adverse condlLlons spouses would
deserL each oLher 1here would be noLhlng llke duLy responslblllLy and conducL Palr would be
Lhe maln lLem of adornmenL for Lhe women
eople would noL have Lhe knowledge of rellglous scrlpLures ln kall ?uga 1alkaLlveness would
be ldenLlfled wlLh knowledge Cnly Lhose would be regarded as clever who could plck oLhers
pockeLs Chlldren would noL regard or pay due respecL Lo Lhelr parenLs Chlldren would malnLaln
relaLlons wlLh parenLs Llll Lhelr marrlage only noL afLer LhaL 8oys would noL Louch Lhe feeL of
Lhelr own parenLs buL would pay full respecL Lo Lhelr faLher and moLherlnlaw 8roLherlnlaw
would be dearer Lo Lhem Lhan Lhelr own broLher
Shukdev says arlkshlL kall ?uga ls Lhe mlne of faulLs 8uL lL has only one greaL vlrLue LhaL
Lhe people wlll acqulre dlvlne poslLlon only by reclLlng Lords name 8eclLaLlon of Lords name
regardless of lnLenLlon and moLlvaLlon wheLher lL ls love derlslon lazlness or mallcenesswould desLroy
ones slns
8uL C arlkshlL Lhe slnlsLer people would do even Lhe mosL dlfflculL Lasks ln kall ?uga buL Lhey
would noL reclLe Lords name 1hey would noL have an lnLeresL ln Lhe Lord 1helr lnLeresLs would
be more ln sensuous Lhlngs llke sound Louch beauLy scenL eLc
C arlkshlL Lhe aramagaLl (supreme salvaLlon) LhaL people could recelve by Len Lhousand years
of medlLaLlon ln SaLya ?uga by performlng ?agya for hundred years ln 1reLa ?uga and by
worshlplng Lords ldol for Len years ln uwapar ?uga LhaL supreme salvaLlon ls easlly avallable
for people ln kall ?uga slmply by reclLlng Lords name for one day and one nlghL conLlnuously
8uL sLlll ln kall ?uga people would noL have falLh ln Lords name lL ls Lhelr mlsforLune
Shukdev says C arlkshlL reclLaLlon of Srl Parl has occurred ln Srlmad 8hagavaL Mahaurana
C klng Lhls soul ls eLernal so you abandon Lhls anlmal llke feellng LhaL you would dle ?ou are noL Lhe
body ?ou are Lhe eLernal form of [oy lmblbe your mlnd wlLh Lhe reflecLlons of
aramaLma (supreme splrlL) and have a slghL of Plm ln Lhe end ?ou are Cod yourself 1hen
nelLher 1akshak nor deaLh would do any harm Lo you unlfy yourself ln Lhe supreme belng by
LhoughLs llke l am arabrahma 1hus Shukdev assured arlkshlL Lo be fearless
llnAL 8LA1l1uuL Cl A8lkSPl1 Anu nAC?AC?A
Cl !AnML!A?
1hus graced by Shukdev klng arlkshlL falLhfully worshlped 8rahmrlshl and prayed Lo hlm wlLh
folded hands Lord you are an ldol of klndness ?ou have besLowed your graced on me
narraLlng Lhe plays of Lord Srl Parl now l am saved and have achleved my naLural sLaLe ?ou
helped me recelve Lhe supreme poslLlon ln my llfe alone now l can experlence Lhe soul as
separaLe from my body AccepLlng arlkshlLs worshlps Shukdev made hls deparLure arlkshlL
hlmself achleved Lhe sLaLus of Lhe sage and concenLraLed hls soul ln supreme splrlL 1hus before
1akshak could blLe hlm he was merged ln 8rahma 1akshak sLung hls physlcal body only whlch
was burnL by Lhe effecL of Lhe sLlng
When !anme[ay Lhe son of arlkshlL learned LhaL a snake had sLung hls faLher he organlsed
SarpsaLra uurlng Lhe SaLra and lnvoked by Lhe hymns of 8rahmlns snakes drew from far and
near and goL burnL ln Lhe flre lrlghLened 1akshak approached lndra for refuge lndra promlsed Lo
help hlm 1here on earLh !anme[ay asked Lhe 8rahmlns Why has 1akshak Lhe klller of my
faLher noL arrlved yeL? 1hrough reconclllaLlon 8rahmlns saw LhaL 1akshak was cllnglng Lo
lndras Lhrone 1he 8rahmln lnvoked 1akshak along wlLh lndra lndras Lhrone began Lo move
earLhward 8uL Lhen 8rahaspaLl Lhe Leacher of Lhe gods lnLervened and sLopped Lhe ?agya
88AnCPLS Cl vLuAS Anu ulvlSlCnS
SuLa descrlbed abouL Lhe SamhlLas and dlvlslons of vedas Lo Lhe sages llke Shaunak eLc veda
vyasa dlvlded vedas lnLo four parLs and creaLed four SanhlLas vlz 8lg ?a[ur Sama and ALharva
and LaughL 8lgsanhlLa Lo all nlgad sanhlLa Lo valshampayan Chhandog SanhlLa Lo !emlnl and
LoughL ALharvanglras SanhlLa Lo SumanLu All Lhese four sages are Lhe dlsclples of veda vyasa
LnAnCL Cl MA8kAnuL?A Anu SlCP1lnC Cl
MA?A
SuLa narraLed Lhe Lale of Mrlkandus son Markandeya 1aklng shelLer aL Mahakal (Lord Shlva)
Markandeya had Lurned away even kal (deaLh) And by penance had a slghL of Lord Srl
narayana Pe prayed Cod Lo show Pls Maya (llluslon) 1hus Markandeya saw Lhe scene of
ralaya All Lhe creaLures were drownlng ln Lhe deluge Cn a leaf of 8anyan Lhen he saw 8al
Mukund Markandeya enLered Lords hearL and saw endless cosmos Lhere 1hen by Cods
lnsLlncL Markandeya reLurned Lo hls hermlLage 1hus Markandeya had Lhe knowledge of Lords
meLaphyslcal sLaLeln Lhe lasL chapLers a brlef conLenL of 8hagavaL and glory of Lords devoLlon have
been
dlscussed SuLa says C greaL sages l have descrlbed whaL you have asked on Lhe occaslon of Lhls
plous assemblage 1haL volce ls useless whlch cannoL reclLe Lords name and can noL pralse Pls
vlrLues All Lhe slns and omens are desLroyed by consLanL reclLaLlon of Lords name Cne Lhen
recelves devoLlon for Lord wlLh pure hearL and beglns Lo experlence and feel Cods Langlble form
1hough all Lhe oLher uranas conLaln descrlpLlon of Lords appearance buL ln Srlmad 8hagavaL
Mahapurana Lhere ls profuse descrlpLlon of Srl Parl ln every chapLer Srlmad 8hagavaL has a
confluence of knowledge asceLlclsm and devoLlon Cne recelves devoLlon for Lord and salvaLlon
evenLually merely by reclLlng llsLenlng and reflecLlng over lL
Pome
11 LlnCA u8AnA
A81 CnL Su1A nA88A1LS 1PL ulvlnL 1ALLS Cl
LlnCA u8AnA
Cnce sage narada arrlved aL nalmlsharanya where he found many sages engaged ln ausLerlLles
All Lhe sages were dellghLed Lo see hlm 1hey euloglzed hlm ln reverence and offered hlm seaL
Sage narada narraLed some amazlng Lales descrlblng abouL Lhe greaLness of Llnga urana 1hls
made Lhe sages even more curlous abouL Llnga urana 8lghL Lhen SuLa also arrlved Lhere and
Lhe sages requesLed hlm Lo narraLe Lhe Lales of Llnga urana
AfLer maklng saluLaLlons Lo lord 8rahma vlshnu Mahesh and Sage krlshna uwalpayan SuLa
sald Sound ls Lhe medlum Lhrough whlch Lhe almlghLy 8rahma manlfesLs hlmself 8rahma
manlfesLs hlmself ln Lhe sacrosancL CMkA8 manLra 8lgveda ls hls mouLh Samaveda hls
Longue ?a[urveda hls neck and ALharvaveda ls hls hearL Pe ls Lhe Supreme 8elng and ls beyond
Lhe reach of creaLlon or deluge Pe ls one buL manlfesLs hlmself as Lhree dlsLlncL delLles
8rahma vlshnu and 8udra 1hese Lhree delLles are Lhe expresslon of Lhe Lhree naLural quallLles
respecLlvely8a[as SaLva and 1amas Pe manlfesLs hlmself as Mahesh ln hls formless (nlrguna)
ldenLlLy Pe manlfesLs hlmself ln all Lhe llvlng creaLures as well as lmpercepLlble Lhlngs ln Lhe
form of seven naLural elemenLsMahaLLaLva (3 baslc elemenLs) Ahankara (ego) Shabda (Sound)
Sparsh (Louch) 8oop (appearance) 8asa (LasLe) and Candha (smell)
Lord 8rahma complled Lhe dlvlne Lales of Llnga urana lL covers wlde range of sub[ecLs llke Lhe
beglnnlng of creaLlon Lhe orlgln of unlverse descrlpLlon of Lhe Llme Lales of dlfferenL kalpas
Lhe greaLness of Llnga and lLs worshlp Lales relaLed wlLh Lord Shlva characLerlsLlcs of Shlva
Lemple eLc lL speclally elaboraLes upon Lhe greaLness of Shlvallnga and lLs worshlp
ll8S1 CAn1C 8A1PAM SA8C
Shlva ls boLh lnvlslble as well as Lhe rooL cause of all Lhe deluslons of Lhe world 1hls ls why
Shlva ls also known as Allnga (unknowable) Llnga ls noLhlng buL Lhe nonmanlfesLed (AuyakLa)
form of Shlva 1hls lmplles LhaL Lhe vlslble world ls Lhe medlum Lhrough whlch Shlva manlfesLs
hlmself naLure (rakrlLl) ln lLself ls devold of quallLles llke smell LasLe Louch eLc 8uL all Lhese quallLles
become apparenL ln lL only because of Shlva who ls lmperlshable and whose
characLerlsLlcs are Lhe naLural quallLles llke LasLe smell Louch and sound
1he whole world along wlLh Lhe gross and subLle has orlglnaLed from Allnga Shlva 1he whole
world comes lnLo belng wlLh Lhe help of eleven componenLs10 sense organs and mlnd lL ls
pervaded by Lhe deluslons of Allnga Shlva 1he Lhree promlnenL delLles8rahma vlshnu and
Mahesh are Lhe manlfesLaLlons of Shlva Pe ls Lhe creaLor ln Lhe form of 8rahma Lhe nurLurer ln
Lhe form of vlshnu and Lhe annlhllaLor ln Lhe form of Mahesh
naLure ls pervaded by Lhe deluslon of Shlva whlch ls also known as A[a (unborn) 1he Lhree
baslc colors red whlLe and black are Lhe symbollc expresslons of Lhe Lhree quallLles 8a[a SaL
and 1amo respecLlvely Ma[orlLles of people fall prey Lo Lhe deluslons of Lhls world and geL
enLangled ln lLs llluslonary appearances buL Lhere are few LhaL undersLand Lhe fuLlllLy of Lhls
llluslonary world
WlLh Lhe deslre of beglnnlng creaLlon Lhe supreme AlmlghLy manlfesL hlmself ln Lhe
lmpercepLlble whlch resulLs lnLo Lhe creaLlon of Lhe MahaLLaLva (flve baslc elemenLs) lrom
MahaLLaLva manlfesLs Lhe ego or ahankara whlch comprlses of Lhree gunas lrom Lgo manlfesLs
Lhe 1anmanLras or subLle forms of maLLersound form LasLe smell and Louch Among Lhese subLle
forms of maLLer Sound came lnLo belng flrsL of all and space orlglnaLed from lL 1he second
LanmanLra Louch orlglnaLed from Lhe space Alr manlfesLed from Louch or sparsh 1he Lhlrd
LanmanLra form or roopa orlglnaLed from alr or ?ayu llre or Agnl manlfesLed from roopa 1he
fourLh LanmanLra LasLe or rasa manlfesLed from Agnl
Slmllarly waLer or !al manlfesLed from 8asa smell or Candha from !al and LarLh manlfesLed
from Candha respecLlvely
All Lhe flve organs of acLlon (karmendrlya) sense organs and mlnd orlglnaLed from pure Lgo
(SaLva ahankara) ln course of Llme all Lhese elemenLs goL Lransformed lnLo a mammoLh egg
(Anda) lnslde whlch Lord 8rahma manlfesLed hlmself 1he whole unlverse ls sald Lo be
esLabllshed lnslde Lhe above menLloned egg
1he egg ls covered by seven layers and Lord 8rahma dwells lnslde lL seaLed on a loLus flower
1he mammoLh egg conLalns crores of unlverses lnslde lLs fold
1PL 8LClnnlnC Cl C8LA1lCn
1he whole creaLlon lasLs for Lhe LoLal perlod equlvalenL Lo 8rahmas day 1he almlghLy Cod
creaLed durlng dayLlme and annlhllaLed durlng nlghL Cne day of Lord 8rahma ls equlvalenL Lo
one kalpa of Lhls world 1he cycle of four yugas occur perlodlcally for 1000 Llmes durlng whlch
perlod alLogeLher fourLeen Manus Lake lncarnaLlon one afLer anoLher SaLya ?uga conslsLs of
4000 years
llfLeen nlmesha make one kashLha (unlL of Llme measuremenL) 1hlrLy kalas make a MuhurLa
flfLeen MuhurLa a day and nlghL each 1he dark lunar phase ls sald Lo be Lhe day whlle brlghL
lunar phase ls sald Lo be Lhe nlghL of Lhe manes Cne year of Lhls world conslsLs of 360 days 1he delLles
day lasLs for Lhe full perlod when Lhe sun ls poslLloned Lowards Lhe norLh of equaLor
Slmllarly Lhe delLles nlghL lasLs for Lhe LoLal perlod when Lhe sun ls poslLloned Lowards Lhe souLh
of equaLor Cne year of Lhe delLles ls equlvalenL Lo LhlrLy years of Lhls world Slmllarly Lhree
monLhs of Lhe delLles are equlvalenL Lo one hundred monLhs of Lhls world
Lach of Lhe four yugas ls measured on Lhe basls of dlvlne years SaLya ?uga ls equlvalenL Lo
40000 dlvlne years whlle 1reLa ?uga ls equlvalenL Lo 80000 dlvlne years uwarpar ?uga ls
equlvalenL Lo 20000 years of Lhe delLles whlle kall ?uga ls equlvalenL Lo 60000 years of Lhe
delLles 1he perlod of each yuga glven here ls excluslve of Lhe perlods of Sandhya (evenlng) and
Sandhyansh (parL of evenlng)
Lord 8rahma commences creaLlon aL Lhe fag end of nlghL and all hls creaLlons exlsL for Lhe whole
day When Lhe nlghL descends everyLhlng ls annlhllaLed 1hls ls Lhe Llme when kalpa ends
1PL C8lCln Cl C8LA1lCn
ln Lhe lnlLlal phase of hls creaLlon Lord 8rahma creaLed lmmovable naLural Lhlngs llke Lrees
mounLalns eLcLhen blrds and anlmals ln Lhe process of creaLlon he creaLed varlous Lhlngs and
human belng was hls sevenLh creaLlon
llrsL of all Lord 8rahma creaLed hls ManaspuLras Sanak Sanandan eLc who had no worldly
deslres Pe Lhen creaLed Lhe nlne supreme sagesMarlchl 8hrlgu Anglras ulasLya ulaha
kraLu uaksha ALrl and vashlshLha by Lhe help of hls yoglc powers AfLer LhaL lL was Lhe Lurn of
Lhe Lwelve ra[apaLls8lbhu SanaLkumar SanaLan eLc All of Lhem were dlvlne exLremely
vlrLuous and had reallzed Lhe supreme self 8rahmaShaLarupa had begoLLen four chlldren from
Swayambhuva ManurlyavraLa uLLanpad AkuLl and rasuLl
AkuLl was marrled Lo a ra[apaLl named 8uchl whlle rasuLl marrled uaksha AkuLl gave blrLh Lo
Lwo chlldren uakshalna and ?agya uakshalna had Lwelve sons rasuLl Lhe youngesL daughLer
of ShaLarupa had begoLLen LwenLy four daughLers from ?akshaShradha Lakshml uhrlLl 1ushLl
ushLl Megha krlya 8uddhl La[[a vapu Slddhl keerLl khyaLl SambhuLl SmrlLl reeLl
kshama SannaLl Anusuya ur[a Swaha Sura Aranl and Swadha 1hlrLeen of Lhem were
marrled Lo uharma a ra[apaLl khyaLl was marrled Lo sage 8hrlgu whlle Aranl marrled sage
8hargava Slmllarly varlous sages llke Marlchl Anglra ulasLya ulaha 8lLu ALrl and
vashlshLha goL marrled wlLh SambhuLl SmrlLl reeLl kshama SannaLl Anusuya and ur[a
respecLlvely Swaha was marrled Lo vlbhavasu whlle Swadha marrled Lhe lLrlshwaras
uharma had begoLLen all LogeLher 13 sons from hls LhlrLeen wlves kam uarp nlyam SanLosh
Alobha ShruL uand Samay 8odl MahadyuLl Apramadd vlnay vyavasay kshem Sukh and
?ash khyaLl wlfe of sage 8hrlgu gave blrLh Lo Srl who laLer became Lhe consorL of lord vlshnu
She also had Lwo sons named uhaLa and vldhaLa
rabhuLl wlfe of sage Marlchl gave blrLh Lo Lwo sons uranama and Marlch She also had four
daughLers 1ushLl urlshLl krlshl and Apachl kshama wlfe of Sage ulaha had many offsprlng
among whom kardam and Sahlshnu were promlnenL reeLl wlfe of Sage ulasLya had Lwo sons named
uaLLarnavr and uahvahu She also had a daughLer named uwashdwaLl kraLus wlfe
SannaLl had slx Lhousand offsprlng who became famous as 8alkhllyas
SmrlLl wlfe of Sage Anglras had glven blrLh Lo flve daughLers Slnl vall kuhu 8aka and
AnumaLl Anusuya wlfe of Sage ALrl had slx chlldrenflve sons and one daughLer 1he names of
Lhe sons were SaLyaneLra 8havyamunl MurLlray Shanalshchar and SomaLha ur[a wlfe of
sage vashlshLha gave blrLh Lo seven sons !yay[l undarlkaksh 8a[ SuhoLra 8ahu nlshpap
Shravana 1apasvl and Shukra Agnls consorL Swaha gave blrLh Lo Lhree sons avaman avak
and Shuchl
LC8u SPlvA 1PL Su8LML Ll8L8A1C8
SaLl daughLer of uaksha had marrled lord Shlva much agalnsL Lhe wlsh of her faLher Cnce
uaksha organlzed a grand yagya ln whlch he dld noL lnvlLe hls sonlnlaw SaLl wenL Lo aLLend Lhe
yagya ceremony lnsplLe of Shlvas forblddance AfLer seelng her uaksha calumnlaLed Lord
Shlva and made fun of hlm 1hls lnfurlaLed her Lo such an exLenL LhaL she gave up her llfe by
[umplng lnLo Lhe sacrlflclal flre She was born as arvaLl ln her nexL blrLh and once agaln goL
Shlva as her husband
Cnce Lord 8rahma requesLed Shlva Lo creaLe a world whlch was free from deaLh Lord Shlva
refused apprehendlng lLs dlsasLrous consequences Lord 8rahma was lefL wlLh no oLher opLlon
Lhan Lo commence creaLlon on hls own Meanwhlle Shlva became lmmovable [usL llke Lhe Lrunk
of a Lree (sLhanu) Lord Shlva who ls capable of aLLalnlng any form Pe showers benedlcLlon on
manklnd Pe ls engrossed ln Lhe supreme sLaLe of ?oga wlLh efforLless case nobody can aLLaln
llberaLlon wlLhouL hls grace Pe ls Lhe besLower of rellglousness (uharma) knowledge (!nana)
asceLlclsm (valragya) and splendour (Alshwarya) Slnners who do noL Lake refuge ln Shlva have
Lo experlences Lhe unbearable LorLures of counLless hells
lnCA8nA1lCnS Cl MAnu Anu v?ASA
Cn belng asked abouL Lhe lncarnaLlon of Sage vyasa durlng varlous eras and ManvanLars SuLa
replled C 8rahmln! now l am golng Lo menLlon Lhe names of all Lhe lncarnaLlons of vyasa who
exlsLed durlng valvasvaL manvanLar of varaha kalpa 1he names are as follows 8lLu SaLya
8hargava Anglra SavlLa MrlLyu ShaLakraLu vashlshLha SaraswaL 1rldhaLma 1rlvrlL
Swayam uharm narayan 1arakshu Arunl krlLan[ay 1rlna 8lndu 8uksha Munl ShakLl
arashar !aLukarnya and Srl krlshna uwalpayan
1he names of Manus belonglng Lo dlfferenL manvanLars of varaha kalpa are Swayambhu
Swarochls uLLam 1amas 8alvaL Chakchhus valvaswaL Savarnl uharmasavarnl vlshang
Avlshang Shabal and varnak All of Lhese Manus were named accordlng Lo Lhelr appearances
and complexlons lor example valvaswaL Manu was of dark complexlon
1PL LSSLnCL Cl ?CCA?oga means unlon wlLh Cod 1he sLaLe of yoga ls lmposslble Lo aLLaln wlLhouL Lhe
blesslngs of
Lord Shlva lL needs a concenLraLed and focussed mlnd 1here are some speclflc spoLs ln Lhe
human body concenLraLlng upon whlch enables a man Lo aLLaln Lhe sLaLe of yogaspoL beLween
Lhe eyebrows lower parL of Lhe LhroaL navel and slx lnches above lL eLc
1he sLaLe of yoga can never be aLLalned unLll and unless a person has fully conLrolled Lhe
Lendencles of sense organs lL can be achleved wlLh Lhe help of elghL means ?ama (penance)
nlyam (dlsclpllne) Asan (posLure) ranayama (breaLhconLrol) raLyahar (resLralnL of passlon)
uharan (reLenLlon) uhyan (concenLraLlon) and Samadhl (deep medlLaLlon) Lach of Lhem holds
an lmporLanL poslLlon ln Lhe paLh of yoga
uescrlblng abouL Lhe meLhods of performlng yoga SuLa says A person should slL wlLh hls legs
crossed ln admasan and Lry Lo concenLraLe hls mlnd by flxlng hls gaze beLween hls eyebrows
Pe should keep hls splne erecL Pe should medlLaLe elLher on Lhe form of Cmkar or on Lhe form
of lord Shlva 8reaLh conLrol ls an lmporLanL aspecL of yoglc exerclse A man should exhale
deeply for 32 Llmes and Lhen breaLhe ln deeply Pe should Lhen reLaln hls breaLh as long as
posslble and vlsuallze lord Shlva wlLhln hls body 8y consLanL pracLlce he wlll achleve masLery
over Lhls arL and a Llme wlll come when he wlll experlence dlvlne bllss 1hls dlvlne bllss can noL
be experlenced unless one has aLLalned a deep sLaLe of medlLaLlon (Samadhl)
C8S1ACLLS ln 1PL A1P Cl ?CCA
A man experlences numerous obsLacles ln Lhe paLh of ?ogalazlness resLlessness confuslon a
dlseased body eLc 1he maln reason for belng lazy ls a bulky physlque and ones lnablllLy Lo
concenLraLe hls mlnd Lack of concenLraLlon resulLs ln resLlessness whlch ls a ma[or obsLacle ln
Lhe paLh of yoga lf a person ln unsure abouL Lhe resulLs he becomes confused lL ls lmposslble for
a person sufferlng from any dlsease Lo concenLraLe hls mlnd
All Lhe above menLloned hurdles can be overcome by flrm resoluLlon A man who has
successfully overcome all Lhese obsLacles mlghL experlence oLher obsLacles ln Lhe form of slddhls
(dlvlne powers) 1here ls a real danger of geLLlng lured by Lhese dlvlne powers As a resulL hls
mlnd may geL dlsLracLed from hls orlglnal goal and he may devlaLe from hls paLh 1he names of
Lhese slddhls or dlvlne powers areraLlbha (havlng knowledge of pasL presenL and fuLure
lncldenL) Shravana (belng capable of llsLenlng Lo abnormal sounds) varLa (whaLever ls sald
becomes Lrue) uarshana (capable of seelng Lhlngs whlch can moL be seen by Lhe morLal eyes)
Aswada (belng capable of experlenclng dlvlne (LasLes) vedana (belng capable of rellevlng
oLhers paln by a mere Louch) lf a person successfully overcomes all Lhese alluremenLs Lhen he
becomes a slddha or man of accompllshmenL and dlvlne powers
8LALlSA1lCn Cl SPlvA
Lord Shlva showers hls blesslng on one and all wlLhouL any dlscrlmlnaLlon buL vlrLuous people
have speclal prlvllege ln Lhe sense LhaL lL ls easler for Lhem Lo reallze Lord ShlvaCnce arvaLl
asked Lord Shlva as Lo how a devoLee could reallze hlm Lord Shlva recalled an lncldenL when
Lord 8rahma had asked Lhe same quesLlon Lord Shlva had Lold lord 8rahmaAnybody can reallze me by
havlng deep devoLlon Lowards me A devoLee can medlLaLe upon me ln Lhe form of
Llnga wlLh LoLal devoLlon lL ls only by deep devoLlon LhaL a man can achleve Lrue knowledge as
well as salvaLlon
vLnL8A8LLnLSS Cl SAu?C!A1
1he sages asked SuLa as Lo how was lord 8rahma able Lo have a dlvlne gllmpse of Sadyo[aL SuLa
replled uurlng Lhe kalpa named ShweLalohlL once lord 8rahma wlLnessed Lhe manlfesLaLlon of
a dlvlne chlld who was of mlxed (red and whlLe) complexlon 1he chlld had a Shlkha (LopknoL)
on hls head Conslderlng hlm Lo be an embodlmenL of almlghLy Cod Lord 8rahma euloglzed
LhaL chlld Suddenly four chlldren appeared and formed a proLecLlve rlng around Sadyo[aL 1he
names of Lhese chlldren were Sunand nandan vlshwanand and upanand All of Lhem were of
falr complexlon and very handsomeAnybody who ls deslrous of aLLalnlng Lo 8udraloka musL
Lake refuge ln Sadyo[aL
LC8u vAMuLv
Cnce durlng LhlrLleLh kalpa named 8akLa Lord 8rahma was medlLaLlng on aramaeshLhl Shlva
Suddenly a dlvlne chlld appeared before hlm who was of red complexlon and who had puL on red
apparels Pe was none oLher Lhan Lord vamdev Lord 8rahma lmmedlaLely reallzed Lhe dlvlnlLy
of LhaL chlld and was convlnced LhaL he was Lhe embodlmenL of AlmlghLy Cod
Lord 8rahma euloglzed vamdev who was pleased by hls devoLlons lour dlvlne enLlLlesvlrl[a
vlvahu vlshoka and vlshwabhavana manlfesLed from Lhe body of vamdev All of Lhem had
greaL resemblance Lo Lord vamdev vamdev preached Lhem on Lhe flner polnLs of rellglousness
so LhaL manklnd could be beneflLed by Lhls knowledge
LC8u 1A1 u8uSPA
1he LhlrLyflrsL kalpa was known as eeL kalpa 1he Lerm eeL means yellow and Lhls kalpa was
named eeL because Lord 8rahma had puL on yellow apparels durlng Lhls kalpa Cnce whlle he
was medlLaLlng on Lhe form of Lord Shlva a dlvlne chlld manlfesLed before hlm 1he chlld had a
halo of llghL all around hlm and had puL on yellow coloured cloLhes Lven hls Lurban sacredLhread and
garland were yellow ln colour Pls arms were abnormally long
Lord 8rahma lmmedlaLely reallzed LhaL Lhe chlld was none oLher Lhan Lord Maheshwar hlmself
Suddenly a dlvlne cow appeared from Lhe mouLh of Maheshwar who had four faces and
possessed all Lhe LhlrLyLwo quallLles 1he dlvlne cow was none oLher Lhan Coddess CayaLrl
herself Lord 8rahma euloglzed her and Maheshwar was very pleased by hls deep devoLlon
Maheshwar also blessed hlm wlLh dlvlne knowledge and unrevealed Lhe secreL of yoga Lo hlm
8lghL Lhen many dlvlne chlldren appeared from Lhe body of lord Maheshwar Lach of Lhem had
puL on yellow apparels and had greaL resemblance Lo lord Maheshwar 1hey were exLremely
vlrLuous and served Lhe manklnd by glvlng sermons AfLer havlng compleLed Lhelr mlsslon of
spreadlng Lhe message of vlrLuoslLy Lo Lhe manklnd all of Lhem goL unlLed wlLh Lord Maheshwar
ulLlmaLelyA person who ls deslrous of geLLlng llberaLed from all hls sln musL seek Lhe blesslngs of Lord
Maheshwar who ls also known as 1aL urusha
LC8u ACPC8LSP
eeL kalpa was followed by radhrlLLa kalpa 8lack was Lhe predomlnanL colour of Lhls kalpa
lnlLlally Lhe whole earLh was submerged ln Lhe waLer and Lord 8rahma deslrous of commenclng
hls creaLlons wlshed for a son As a resulL a dlvlne chlld manlfesLed whose complexlon was
dark noL only LhaL he had puL on black apparels and a black crown on hls head A black sacred
Lhread was hanglng across hls shoulder
Lord 8rahma lmmedlaLely recognlzed Aghoresh and euloglzed hlm Lord Aghoresh became
pleased by hls devoLlon and blessed hlm !usL llke Lhe precedlng kalpas four dlvlne chlldren
manlfesLed from lord Aghoreshs body All of Lhem had greaL resemblance wlLh Aghoresh ln
every respecL ln course of Llme Lhey dld Lremendous penance and preached Lhe vlrLue of
rellglousness Lo Lhe manklnd A person who worshlps Lord Aghoresh and has deep devoLlon ln
hlm becomes llberaLed from gravesL of slns llke 8rahmhaLya (sln acqulred due Lo kllllng a
8rahmln) eLc
LC8u lSPAn
ln Lhe beglnnlng of vlshwaroopa kalpa lord 8rahma deslrous of commenclng creaLlon was
engrossed ln deep medlLaLlon 1hls resulLed lnLo Lhe manlfesLaLlon of a dlvlne cow whlch
puzzled lord 8rahma very much AcLually Lhls dlvlne cow was none oLher Lhen vlshwaroopa
SaraswaLl buL lord 8rahma falled Lo recognlze her Lord 8rahma declded Lo Lake Lhe help of
Lord lshan and sLarLed medlLaLlng on hlm
When Lord lshan appeared before hlm he was requesLed by Lord 8rahma Lo shed llghL on Lhe
ldenLlLy of LhaL dlvlne cow Lord lshan replled by saylng1he presenL kalpa ls called
vlshwaroopa kalpa lL has orlglnaLed from Lhe lefL slde of my body and ls Lhe LhlrLyLhlrd kalpa
1hls dlvlne cow has also orlglnaLed from me She ls goddess CaurlLhe source of all creaLlon
AfLer saylng llke Lhls Lord lshan creaLed four dlvlne enLlLles from Lhe body of Lhe cow!aLl
Mundl Shlkhandl and Ardhamund All of Lhem were very lumlnous and vlrLuous AfLer
preachlng Lhe world for Lhousands of dlvlne year 1hey goL reunlLed wlLh lord 8udra
1PL C8lCln Cl SPlvALlnCA
1he sages asked SuLa Lord Shlva ls formless Lhen how come Shlvallnga ls worshlpped? WhaL
ls Lhe slgnlflcance of Shlvallnga? WhaL ls Lhe proper meLhod of worshlpplng a Shlvallnga?
SuLa replled Cnce Lord 8rahma and Lord vlshnu developed serlous dlfferenL on Lhe maLLer of
superlorlLy A Lremendous duel broke ouL beLween Lhem As Lhey were flghLlng a mammoLh
Llnga appeared on Lhe scence Lhe effulgence of whlch made efforLs boLh of Lhem amazed 8oLh
of Lhem declded Lo flnd ouL Lhe orlgln of LhaL dlvlne Llnga Lord 8rahma Lransformed hls
appearance lnLo LhaL of a swan and flew up ln Lhe sky Lo deLermlne Lhe helghL of LhaL Llnga Lord vlshnu
Lransformed hlmself lnLo a roar and enLered Lhe depLh of earLh Lo flnd Lhe source of LhaL
Shlvallnga 8uL boLh of Lhem falled ln Lhelr ob[ecLlves and reLurned Lo Lhe same place exhausLed
Suddenly Lhey heard a loud sound of AuM emanaLlng from Lhe Shlvallnga very soon Lhe
whole form of CM conslsLlng of all Lhe Lhree leLLers A u and M became vlslble (1he leLLers A
u and M symbollze Lord 8rahma vlshnu and Mahesh respecLlvely)
AL lasL boLh of Lhem reallzed Lhelr mlsLake and sLopped quarrelllng 1hls way Lord Shlva was
successful ln subdulng Lhelr arrogance Lord 8udra ls beyond sensual percepLlon Pe ls Lhe
supreme AlmlghLy and Lhe besLowers of dlvlne bllss 1he mysLlcal form of Shlvallnga ls a
symbollcal expresslon of sacred manLraAuM 1he leLLer A symbollzes 8ee[a (Seed) M Lhe
creaLor hlmself and u ls Lhe symbollcal expresslon of ?onl (vaglna)
Lord 8udra ls beyond sensual percepLlon Pe ls Lhe supreme AlmlghLy and Lhe besLowers of
dlvlne bllss 1he mysLlcal form of Shlvallnga ls a symbollcal expresslon of sacred manLraAuM
1he leLLer A symbollzes 8ee[a (Seed) M Lhe creaLor hlmself and u ls Lhe symbollcal expresslon
of ?onl (vaglna)
A81 1WC LC8u SPlvA 8LLSSLS 88APMA and
vlSPnu
AL Lhe Llme when Lhls lncldenL of mysLlcal Shlvallnga had occurred and afLer whlch Lord
8rahmand vlshnu had sLopped quarelllng Lord Shlva appeared before Lhem and sald
l am very pleased wlLh boLh of you 8oLh of
C vlshnu! ?ou are Lhe creaLor Lord Shlva 1hls made Lord Shlva exLremely pleased and he Lhe
preserver as well as Lhe desLroyer of Lhls world l am Lhe supreme you Lhough havlng dlsLlncL
ldenLlLles have acLually manlfesLed from my body 8rahma from my lefL slde and vlshnu from
my rlghL almlghLy and dlsLlncL from all Lhree of you 8rahma vlshnu and Mahesh Lord
vlshnu expressed hls undlluLed devoLlon Lowards Lord Shlva 1hls made Lord Shlva exLremely
pleased and he sald
C vlshnu! ?ou are Lhe creaLor Lhe preserver as well as Lhe desLroyer of Lhls world l am Lhe
supreme almlghLy and dlsLlncL from all Lhree of you 8rahma vlshnu and Mahesh
Llnga ls Lhe personlflcaLlon of Lhe AlmlghLy Cod 1he Lerm Llnga means fuslon and Lhe
Shlvallnga are sald Lo be Lhe symbollcal expresslon of all Lhe delLles
1PL MAnllLS1A1lCn Cl LC8u 88APMA
1he Sages requesLed SuLa Lo elucldaLe how Lord 8rahma emerged from Lhe navel of vlshnu
seaLed on a loLus flowerSuLa replled AL Lhe Llme of deluge Lord vlshnu wenL ln hls yoganldra lylng on
Lhe back of
Sheshnag As Lhe resulL of hls dlvlne play a huge loLus flower along wlLh a long Lubular sLalk
emerged from hls navel Lord 8rahma was seaLed on Lhe LoLus flower When Lord 8rahma saw
Lord vlshnu he askedWho are you sleeplng ln Lhls ocean? Lord vlshnu also asked Lhe same
quesLlon as Lo whom was he and from where had he manlfesLed very soon a quarrel ensures
beLween Lhem ueslrous of knowlng Lhe ldenLlLy of Lhe sLranger Lord vlshnu enLered 8rahmas
abdomen Lhrough hls mouLh Pe was amazed Lo flnd Lhe exlsLence of whole unlverse lnslde
8rahmas abdomen Pe remalned Lhere for Lhousands of year buL could noL flnd Lhe end 8elng
exhausLed he came ouL and Lold Lord 8rahma LhaL even hls abdomen had Lhe same unllmlLed
expanse
Lord 8rahma declded Lo check Lhe auLhenLlclLy of vlshnus sLaLemenL and enLered lnLo hls
abdomen Lhrough Lhe mouLh Lord 8rahma wandered lnslde Lhe abdomen for Lhousands of year
buL could noL flnd Lhe end Mean whlle Lord vlshnu has shuL each and every openlng of hls
body whlch made lL lmposslble for Lord 8rahma Lo come ouL ulLlmaLely he was successful ln
comlng ouL Lhrough Lhe Lubular sLalk of Lhe loLus As Lord 8rahma was noL amused by vlshnus
behavlour he sLarLed flghLlng wlLh hlm 8lghL aL LhaL momenL Lord Mahadeva arrlved Lhere Pls
momenLs creaLed hlgh Llde and sLrong mlnd whlch vlgorously shook Lhe loLus flower
Lord vlshnu lmmedlaLely reallzed LhaL Lhese slgns forebode Lhe arrlval of Mahadeva Pe
revealed Lhls facL Lo 8rahma and abouL Manadevs greaLness 8uL Lord 8rahma was noL
lmpressed Lord vlshnu Lhen sald
Shlva ls Lhe almlghLy Cod Pe ls Lhe one whom enllghLened people are always ln search for
Pe manlfesLs hlmself ln Lhe form of an egg on accounL of Lhe unlon of hls formless and wlLh form
appearances ln course of Llme Lhe egg geLs dlvlded lnLo Lwo halves from whlch are creaLed Lhe
dlfferenL Lokas (world) 1he egg ls Lhe very place from where orlglnaLes Lhe whole creaLlon
Lven you (8rahma) own your exlsLence Lo LhaL egg ?our arrogance mlghL lnvlLe Lhe wraLh of
Shlva So come leL boLh of us euloglze and pralse Lhe holy name of Mahadeva
LC8u 88APMA 8LCCMLS 1PL C8LA1C8
AL lasL Lord vlshnu was successful ln convlnclng 8rahma of Shlvas supreme sLaLus 8oLh of
Lhem euloglzed and sang hymns ln Lhe pralse of Lord ShlvaLord Shlva became very pleased by
Lhelr devoLlon Pe requesLed Lord vlshnu wanLed noLhlng else buL undlluLed devoLlon ln hlm
Lord Shlva agreed and sald So be lL
Lord Shlva Lhen blessed 8rahma and made hlm Lhe creaLor Lord 8rahma dld a Lremendous
penance whlch conLlnued for a very long perlod 1he severe penance sLralned hls eyes as a resulL
of whlch Lears sLarLed rolllng down hls cheeks olsonous snakes manlfesLed from Lhose
Leardrops Lord 8rahma became dlslllusloned by hls malden creaLlon and gave up hls llfe Lleven
8udras emerged from hls body and sLarLed walllng 1hey Lhen broughL Lord 8rahma back Lo llfe
AfLer becomlng allve Lord 8rahma euloglzed vlshveshwar and goddess CayaLrl Pe was
amazed Lo see Lhe exlsLence of whole unlverse lnslde Lhe body of Lord vlshveshwar all Lhe
kalpas lncludlng Lhe dlfferenL lncarnaLlons of lord Shlva abouL orlgln of Lhese kalpas and varlous
lncarnaLlons llke sadya eLc uLSC8l1lCn Cl ulllL8Ln1 kALAS
Lord Shlva revealed Lo 8rahma LhaL Lhe ShweLkalpa derlved lLs name from hls complexlon l
Look lncarnaLlon aLLlred ln whlLe apparels My complexlon was falr ?ou belng selfbegoLLen
were able Lo recognlze me Coddess CayaLrl had also manlfesLed from my body and laLer on
became famous as ShweLLohlL8rahm
1he nexL kalpa was known as LohlL kalpa because of my red complexlon Coddess CayaLrl had
also lncarnaLed ln Lhe form of dlvlne cow l became famous as vamdev durlng Lhls kalpa
Lord Shlva Lhen wenL on Lo descrlbe abouL Lhe resL of Lhe kalpas whlch had been named afLer hls
complexlon Pe also gave lndepLh descrlpLlon of varlous sub[ecLs llke Lhe dlfferenL worlds Lhe
vedas Lhe four ma[or casLes eLc
lnCA8nA1lCnS Cl SPlvA uu8lnC vA8lCuS
uWAA8 ?uCAS
Cn belng enqulred by Lord 8rahma abouL hls varlous lncarnaLlons Lord Shlva sald
l shall lncarnaLe as ShweLMahamunl durlng flrsL uwapar ?uga of valvaswaL manvanLar My
abode shell ls aL Chhogal peak of Plmalaya mounLaln l shall have four dlsclples who wlll be
proflclenL ln Lhe vedas
l wlll lncarnaLe as SuLar durlng second dwapar AL LhaL Llme Saddyo[aL ra[apaLl wlll be holdlng
he posL of vyasal wlll have four sons uundubhl ShaLaroopa 8lchlka and keluma
uurlng Lhlrd dwapar and aL Lhe Llme when Sage 8hargav wlll be acLlng as a vyasa l wlll Lake
lncarnaLlon as uaman l wlll have four sons vlkrosh vlkesh vlpash and apnashak
uurlng fourLh dwapar and aL Lhe Llme when Sage Anglra wlll be acLlng as a vyasa l wlll Lake
lncarnaLlon as SuhoLra l wlll have four sons Sumukh uurmukh uurdhar and uuraLlkram
l wlll Lake lncarnaLlon as kank durlng flfLh dwapar and aL Lhe Llme when Sage SavlLa wlll be
fulfllllng Lhe obllgaLlons of vyasa l wlll have four sons Sanak Sanandan SanaLan and
SanaLkumar
uurlng SlxLh dwapar l wlll Lake lncarnaLlon as Laugakshl AL LhaL Llme Sage MrlLyu wlll be
holdlng Lhe posL of vyasa My sons wlll be Sudhama vlra[a Shankh and adra[
Sage ShaLarlLu wlll acL as vyasa durlng SevenLh dwapar l wlll have four sons SaraswaL Megh
Meghvah and Suvahan
Sage vashlshLha wlll be Lhe vyasa durlng elghLh dwapar l wlll Lake lncarnaLlon as uadhlvahan
My sons wlll be kaplla Asurl anch Shlkhomunl and vashkalSage SaraswaL wlll acL as vyasa durlng
nlneLh dwapar l wlll Lake lncarnaLlon as 8lshabh l wlll
have four sons arashar Carg 8hargav and Anglras
1he LenLh dwapar wlll see 1rlpad fulfllllng Lhe duLles of vyasa l wlll lncarnaLe as 8havlLa
Munl l wlll have four sons 8ala 8andhu nlramlLra and keLu
Sage 1rlvaL wlll be Lhe vyasa durlng elevenLh dwapar l wlll Lake lncarnaLlon as ugra My sons
wlll be Lambodar Lambaksha and Lambakesh
Sage ShaLaLe[a wlll perform Lhe duLles of vyasa durlng LwelfLh dwapar l wlll have four sonsSarvagya
Sambuddhl Sadhya and Sarva
uharma wlll be Lhe vyasa durlng LhlrLeenLh dwapar l wlll Lake lncarnaLlon as 8all and llve aL
Lhe hermlLage of Lhe 8alkhllya l wlll have four sons Sudhama kashyapa vashlshLha and
vlra[a
1hls way Lord Shlva elaboraLed upon hls varlous lncarnaLlons Llll Lhe perlod of LwenLyelghL
dwapar whlch wenL as follows
8l1uALS Cl SPlvALlnCA WC8SPl (u8l1?)
Cnce Coddess arvaLl asked Lord Shlva abouL Lhe proper meLhods of worshlpplng Shlvallnga
Whlle Shlva was elucldaLlng upon Lhe rlLuals nandl who was presenL Lhere Loo goL enllghLened
on Lhls sacred Loplc ln course of Llme Lhls knowledge was passed on Lo SanaLkumar who ln Lurn
revealed lL Lo Sage vyasa SuLa came Lo know abouL lL from ShalladlLord Shlva had descrlbed
Lhe followlng Lhree meLhods by Lhe help of whlch a devoLee should become pure before
uWAA8 v?ASA SPlvA SPlvAS SCnS
14Lh 1arakshu CauLam ALrl uevarudra Shravana SrlvlshLhak
13Lh 1ralyyarunl vedshlra kunl kunlbahu kusharlr kuneLrak
16Lh ueva Cokarn
kashyao Shukracharya Chyavn
8rlhaspaLl
17Lh krlLan[ay Cuhavasl uLaLhya vamadev Mahayoga Mahabal
18Lh 8lLan[ay Shlkhanl vachashrava8lchlkShyavasva ?aLlshwar
19Lh 8hardwa[ !aLamall Plranyabh kaushal Laungaksl kuLhuml
20Lh CauLam ALLahas SumanLu varvarl kavand kushl kandar
21sL vachashrava uaruko 8amapksoda 8hayanl keLuman CauLam
22nd Shushmayan Langll 8heem
uharmlk MahayoLrl 8hallavl
MadhuplngaShweLu keLu kush
23rd 1rlnablndu kalan[ar ushlk vrlhadashva ueval kavlrevach
24Lh 8lksha Shooll SallhoLra Agnlvesh unasva Sharadvasu
23Lh ShakLl
uandlMundlshvar
Chhagal kundak kumbhand rawaha[
26Lh arashar Sahlshnu ulook vlddyuL Shambuk Ashwalayan
27Lh !aLuk karnya Somsharma Akshapad kumar ulook vaLsa
28Lh uwalpayan Lakull kushlk Carg MlLra kaurushyacommenclng hls worshlp 1 varuna Snan (Laklng
baLh ln open) 2 8hashma Snan (smearlng
ashes) 3 ManLra Snan (chanLlng of manLra)
Lord Shlva had sLressed upon Lhe lmporLance of Laklng baLh ln a rlver or a pond Accordlng Lo
hlm a mans mlnd whlch ls llke a loLus could never blossom unless lL recelved Lhe radlance of
Lhe sun uescrlblng abouL Lhe meLhods of Laklng 8hasmasnan he saldAfLer washlng hls hands
and feeL a devoLee should smear any of Lhe followlng Lhlngs on hls body Lo make lL puremud
cowdung ashes eLc Whlle smearlng mud on hls body he should chanL Lhe manLra
uddhaLashlvarahaen AfLer becomlng pure accordlng Lo Lhe meLhods menLloned above he
should Lhen worshlp Lord varuna Pavlng done Lhls he should Lake a dlp ln Lhe rlver afLer
purlfylng Lhe waLer by chanLlng Lhe sacred Adhamarshan manLra Pe should Lhen worshlp all Lhe
delLles by sprlnkllng waLer from Lhe Shankh (Conch) and amldsL Lhe chanLlng of manLras llke
8udren avamanaen eLc Pe should Lhen concenLraLe upon Lhe form of a Shlvallnga Pe should
drlnk some waLer holdlng some kusha grass ln hls rlghL hand slmulLaneously
A devoLee should commence hls worshlp only afLer becomlng pure ln Lhe beglnnlng he should
perform ranayama for Lhree Llmes so LhaL hls lungs are fllled up wlLh fresh alr AfLer Lhls he
should concenLraLe hls mlnd on Lhe form of Lord 1rayambak ln all hls glory Pe should purlfy all
Lhe arLlcles requlred for Lhe worshlp by performlng abluLlon and by chanLlng CM nAMAP
SPlvA? Pe should also make offerlngs of flowers rlce gralns barley eLc Lo Lhe delLy Worshlp
of Lord Shlva ls belleved Lo be lncompleLe wlLhouL Lhe worshlp of hls famllynandl karLlkeya
vlnayak and Coddess arvaLl So Lhe devoLee musL noL forgeL Lo worshlp Lhem
LC8u SPlvA 1LS1S 1PL A1lLnCL Cl SACLS
Cnce upon a Llme Lhe sages were busy dolng Lhelr penance Lo please Lord Mahadeva Lord
Shlva declded Lo LesL paLlence and vlslLed daruk foresL ln naked poslLlon 8y Lhe vlrLue of hls
dlvlne power he was successful ln corrupLlng Lhe conducL of Lhe sages wlves 1hose women
became so lnfaLuaLed by hls dlvlne appearance LhaL Lhey losL conLrol omen Lhemselves 1hey
were deslrous of saLlaLlng Lhelr lusL buL Shlva malnLalned sllence and dld noL obllge Lhem
When Lhe sages saw Lhe womenfolk ln such a plLlable condlLlon Lhey sLarLed abuslng Lord Shlva
Lord Shlva dld noL respond and dlsappeared from Lhe scene now Lhe sages became very
frlghLened All of Lhem wenL Lo Lord 8rahma and narraLed Lhe whole lncldenL Lord 8rahma
reprlmanded Lhem by saylng LhaL how unforLunaLe Lhey had been ln noL recognlzlng Lord ShlvaLhe
AlmlghLy Lord 8rahma sald ?ou have commlLLed a grace slr by showlng dlsrespecL Lo
your guesL ?our conducL was unllke Sudarshan a 8rahmln who by hls hosplLallLy was able Lo
wln Lhe lord of deaLh
Lord 8rahma narraLed Lhe followlng Lale Lo Lhem
Cnce Lhere llved a klnd hearLed 8rahmln named Sudarshan Pe was very hosplLable and
consldered hls guesLs as Lord Shlva hlmself Pe had glven sLrlcL lnsLrucLlons Lo hls wlfe LhaL
under no clrcumsLance should a guesL reLurn unsaLlsfled from hls homeuharmara[ wanLed Lo LesL
Sudarshan flrmness ln hls bellef Cne day he arrlved aL Sudarshans
hermlLage dlsgulsed as a 8rahmln AL LhaL Llme he was noL presenL ln hls hermlLage uharmara[
refused Lo accepL anyLhlng ln donaLlon excepL Sudarshans wlfe herself
Sudarshans wlfe offered herself wlLhouL any heslLaLlon When he reLurned noL flndlng her wlfe
sLarLed calllng her name AL LhaL Llme he heard a volce saylng LhaL hls wlfe was saLlsfylng Lhe lusL
of a guesL Sudarshan remalned unperLurbed and requesLed hls guesL Lo carry on Llll he ls
saLlsfled
uharmara[ became pleased Pe appeared before Sudarshan and gave blesslngs Pe appreclaLed
hls hosplLable naLure by saylng LhaL by Lhe vlrLue of hls undlluLed hosplLallLy he had even
vanqulshed hlm (uharmara[)
1he sages were very ashamed of Lhelr conducL and reLurned Lord 8rahma Lo explaln as Lo how
Lhey could have devoLlon ln Lord Shlva Lord 8rahma elucldaLed on Lhe vlrLue of devoLlon and
narraLed Lhe Lale of sage ShweL who had sub[ugaLed even deaLh by hls devoLlon
SACL SPWL1
1he sages were very curlous Lo know abouL sage ShweL Lord 8rahma narraLed Lhe followlng Lale

Cnce Lhere llved a sage named ShweL Pe was a greaL devoLee of Lord Shlva Pe llved ln a cave
and engaged hlmself ln severe penance conLlnuously chanLlng Lhe holy name of Shlva When Lhe
Llme of hls deaLh approached kal arrlved Lhere Lo Lake hls llfe Sage ShweL sLarLed euloglzlng
Lord Shlva Pe challenged kal LhaL belng a devoLee of Shlva he was beyond Lhe reach of deaLh
8uL kal made fun of hlm and Lold hlm LhaL nobody could escape deaLh Sage ShweL had
unshakable falLh ln Lord Shlva olnLlng Lowards Lhe Shlvallnga he Lold kal LhaL he would
remaln unharmed because of Lord Shlva who was presenL ln LhaL Shlvallnga Suddenly kal Lled
hlm wlLh hls noose and saldSee now you are absoluLely under my conLrol and even your delLy
seems Lo be helpless 1o proLecL hls devoLee Lord Shlva arrlved on Lhe scene accompllshed by
Coddess Amba CanapaLl and nandl kal goL scared Lo such an exLenL LhaL he falnLed and dled
1he sages curlously asked Lord 8rahma abouL Lhe means wlLh whlch Shlva could be pleased
Lord 8rahma Lold Lhem LhaL only deep devoLlon and noLhlng else could please Lord Shlva
SACLS LuLCClZL LC8u SPlvA
Pavlng reallzed Lhelr mlsLake Lhe sages reLurned Lo uaruk foresL and engaged Lhemselves ln
ausLere penance Lo please Shlva 1hey dld a Lremendous penance whlch lasLed for a year
ulLlmaLely Lhelr wlshed were fulfllled as Lord Shlva appeared wlLh ashes smeared all over hls
body Pe had a begglngbowl ln hls hands and exhlblLed sLrange mannerlsm 8uL Lhls Llme Lhe
sages dld noL fall ln recognlzlng hlm 1hey begged for hls forglveness and soughL hls blesslngsLord Shlva
became pleased and blessed Lhem dlvlne slghL whlch made Lhem enable Lo see hls
form of 1rayambak 1he lllumlned appearance of Lord 1rayambak casL a spellbound over Lhem
1hey euloglzed Lord Shlva by slnglng pralse ln hls name 1hls way Lhelr deep devoLlon ln Lord
Shlva had explolLed Lhem from Lhelr sln
LC8u SPlvA 8LACPLS 1PL SACLS
Lord Shlva revealed Lo Lhe sages LhaL a female sex organ was noLhlng buL a symbollc expresslon
of goddess arvaLl where as a male sex organ symbollzed hls own self Pe also cauLloned Lhem
agalnsL maklng fun of hermlLs appearance Pe sald 1hese hermlLs who appear absured by Lhelr
looks are my greaL devoLees 1hey donL care abouL Lhelr physlcal appearance because l
predomlnanLly occupy Lhelr LhoughLs Anybody maklng fun of Lhese naked hermlLs whose
bodles are smeared wlLh ashes ls ln facL maklng fun of me
Lord Shlva Lhen wenL on Lo descrlbe Lhe purlLy of ash and saldAsh ls exLremely pure as lL ls
Lhe resldual elemenL of maLLer whlch ls lefL afLer burnlng lL ls sacred and lndesLrucLlble 1hls ls
why l smear lL on my body A person who smears ash on hls body becomes llberaLed from all hls
slns lL ls Lhe desLroyer of sln lL ls Lhe symbollc expresslon of my veerya (semen) 1hls way Lord
Shlva enllghLened Lhem on varlous splrlLual Loplcs
uAuPlCPl Su8!uCA1LS kSPCCA
1here ruled a klng named kshoopa whose frlend was Sage uadhlchl Cnce Lhey goL lnLo
argumenL over Lhe superlorlLy of Lhelr respecLlve casLes klng kshoopa was of Lhe oplnlon LhaL a
ksheLrlya was superlor Lo 8rahmln very soon Lhe dlspuLe Look an ugly Lurn and a duel broke
ouL beLween Lhem
uadhlch punched kshoopa on hls head kshoopa reLallaLed by aLLacklng uadhlchl wlLh hls
weapon named va[ra 1he assaulL proved Lo be faLal for uadhlchl and he fell down 8efore hls
deaLh he prayed Lo hls guruShukracharya and soughL hls help 8eallzlng LhaL hls dlsclple was ln
danger Shukracharya rushed Lo Lhe spoL buL uadhlchl had already dled before he could arrlve
Lhere
Shukracharya knew Lhe secreL learnlng MrlLasan[lvanl vldya Pe broughL back uadhlchl allve
and advlsed hlm Lo please Lord Shlva Lo aLLaln lnvlnclblllLy Pe also LaughL uadhlchl Lhe proper
meLhods of worshlpplng Shlva uadhlchl dld an ausLere penance and pleased Lord Shlva Lord
Shlva appeared and blessed hlm wlLh lnvlnclblllLy and also made hls bones as hard as lndras
LhunderbolL (va[ra)
uadhlchl Lhen wenL Lo flghL kshoopa Pe klcked kshoopa on hls chesL kshoopa reLallaLed by
aLLacklng uadhlchl wlLh hls va[ra 8uL Lhls Llme uadhlchl remalned unharmed kshoopa was
surprlsed Lo see hls assaulL golng ln valn Pe declded Lo Lake Lhe help of Lord vlshnu and
engaged hlmself ln ausLere penance
kSPCCA ACCL1S uLlLA1When Lord vlshnu appeared before kshoopa he soughL hls help ln
defeaLlng uadhlchl Lord
vlshnu expressed hls lnablllLy by saylng l donL punlsh a 8rahmln especlally lf he ls a devoLee
of 8udra uadhlchl ls boLh so forgeL abouL defeaLlng hlm Anyhow l wlll Lry me besL Lo make
uadhlchl devold of hls power
Lord vlshnu Lhen wenL Lo uadhlchls hermlLage dlsgulsed as a 8rahmln uadhlchl recognlzed
hlm and came Lo know abouL hls lnLenLlons Pe requesLed Lord vlshnu Lo go ahead wlLh hls
demand l have conquered fear on accounL of my LoLal devoLlon ln Lord Shlva sald uadhlchl
Lord vlshnu dld noL llke hls arroganL behavlour Pe saldl know you have conquered fear 8uL
[usL for once say LhaL you are fearful of me as l am vlshnu
8uL uadhlchl refused Lo obey hls commands 1hls lnfurlaLed Lord vlshnu and he Lrled Lo klll
uadhlchl wlLh hls Chakra uadhlchl remalned unharmed and sald Pow can Lhls Chakra harm
me? Lord Shlva has glven whose devoLee l am lL Lo you whose devoLee l am
Lord vlshnu Lrled Lo use hls oLher weapons buL falled Lo cause any harm Lo uadhlchl All Lhe
delLles came Lo hls help buL sLlll Lhelr efforLs of defeaLlng uadhlchl wenL fuLlle Lord vlshnu Lhen
Lrled Lo lmpress uadhlchl by hls dlvlne powers and showed hls dlvlne appearance ln whlch Lhe
whole world was vlslble uadhlchl gave a beflLLlng reply by showlng Lhe whole unlverse
lncludlng Lord vlshnu wlLhln hls body Lord vlshnu was amazed by hls dlvlne powers
ulLlmaLely Lord 8rahma persuaded Lord vlshnu Lo dlsconLlnue Lhe flghL Seelng hls lord ln such
a helpless condlLlon kshoopa had no oLher opLlon buL Lo accepL defeaL Pe Lrled Lo paclfy
uadhlchl anger by asklng cursed hlm as well as all Lhe delLles by saylng All of you lncludlng
Lhe delLles and vlshnu wlll be desLroyed ln uakshas yagya as Lhe consequence of 8udras wraLh
1he place where uadhlchls hermlLage was slLuaLed laLer on became famously known as
SLhaneshwar lL ls consldered Lo be Lhe mosL sacred place of pllgrlmage
SPlLAuS lMCSSl8LL uLMAnu
Cnce Shllad dld an ausLere penance Lo please lndra Pe was deslrous of begeLLlng a son When
lndra appeared he requesLed hlm Lo bless hlm wlLh a son who was selfborn as well as deaLhless
lndra expressed hls helplessness ln fulfllllng lmposslble demand Lven Lord 8rahma meeLs hls
end afLer Lhe passage of crores of kalpassald lndra Shllad Lrled Lo convlnce Lhe valldlLy of hls
demand by clLlng Lhe example of uakshas son who accordlng Lo hls besL of knowledge were
selfborn as well as deaLhless lndra Lold hlm LhaL lL was noL Lrue 1o prove hls polnL lndra sald
Lven vlshnu and 8rahma are noL self born Lord vlshnu creaLed 8rahma durlng Meghavahan
kalpa Some are of Lhe vlew LhaL vlshnu and 8rahma manlfesLed from Lhe lefL and rlghL sldes of
Shlva respecLlvely So your demand ls unsubsLanLlal and wlLhouL any base
Accordlng Lo a myLhologlcal Lale Lord vlshnu manlfesLed from ln beLween Lhe eyebrow of Lord
8rahma AL LhaL Llme Lord Shlva had arrlved Lhere Lo bless boLh of Lhem AfLer Lhe deparLure of
Lord Shlva vlshnu Look Lhe lncarnaLlon of varaha (8oar) and reesLabllshed Lhe earLh ln lLs
orlglnal poslLlon Lord 8rahma Lhen commenced hls creaLlon and ln course of Llme Lhe earLh
came Lo be lnhablLaLed by all klnd of llvlng creaLuresA81 1P8LL 1PL CPA8AC1L8lS1lCS Cl lCu8
L8AS
Shllad requesLed lndra Lo shed llghL on Lhe speclal characLerlsLlcs of each of Lhe four eras
lndra replledLord 8rahma creaLed Lhe four eras (yugas)SaLya 1reLa uwapar and kall 1hese
eras keep on occurlng ln a cycllc order where Lhe former ls followed by Lhe laLLer SaLva guna
(ure) prevalls durlng SaLya ?uga 8a[as guna ls Lhe domlnanL quallLy prevalllng durlng 1reLa
?uga uurlng uwapar ?uga boLh 8a[as guna and Lamas guna are presenL 1amas guna (uark) ls
Lhe domlnanL quallLy prevalllng durlng kall ?uga uurlng SaLya ?uga medlLaLlon was Lhe means
by Lhe help of whlch a man could achleve salvaLlon whlle oblaLlon devoLlon and donaLlon were
sald Lo be Lhe means capable of glvlng salvaLlon durlng 1reLa ?uga uwapar ?uga and kall ?uga
respecLlvely
1he lnhablLanLs of SaLya ?uga were vlrLuous and free from sorrow 8uL Lhe vlce of deslre sLarLed
Lo ralse lLs head durlng 1reLa ?uga and people sLarLed belng Lroubled by lL Lord 8rahma creaLed
Lhe warrlor casLe kshaLrlya for Lhe proLecLlon of vlrLuoslLy 8rahma propogaLed Lhe rlLuals of
oblaLlon durlng 1reLa ?uga LveryLhlng was flne Llll 1reLa ?uga buL Lhere was a drasLlc change ln
Lhe human behavlour durlng uwapar ?uga All Lhe vlces surfaced and people were Lroubled by
Lhem Some exLraordlnary llLerary feaLs were accompllshed durlng dwaparSage vyasa
caLegorlzed Lhe veda lnLo four secLlons all Lhe ma[or uranas were complled and smrlLls were
wrlLLen kall ?uga saw Lhe decllne of vlrLuoslLy and rellglousness lgnorance and false
knowledge prevalled everywhere durlng Lhls era
kALl ?uCA
uescrlblng abouL Lhe decllne ln moral values durlng kall ?uga lndra Lold Shllad ln kall ?uga
people wlll be under Lhe LoLal lnfluence of Lhe worldly llluslons lgnorance dlseases fear and
hunger wlll be prevalenL everywhere lamlne and droughL would occur qulLe frequenLly as Lhe
fall ouL of lnadequaLe raln Slnners would ouLnumber Lhe vlrLuous people would devlaLe from Lhe
paLh of rellglousness 8rahmlns would lose Lhelr superlorlLy and Shudras would become Lhe
rulers 8rahmlns wlll noL be respecLed and wlll be forced Lo serve Lhe lowlye people Ma[orlLy of
women would be lmmoral and progenles would noL obey Lhe commands of Lhelr parenLs
redlcLlng a grlm scenarlo lndra sLressed greaL lmporLance of rellglousness durlng kall ?uga
and sald A vlrLuous deed accompllshed ln kall ?uga glves frulLs ln a day as compared Lo 1reLa
and uwapar ?ugas whlch Lake one year and one monLh respecLlvely
MAnllLS1A1lCn Cl 88APMA
Cnce Lord 8rahma dld an ausLere penance Lo please Lord Shlva Shlva manlfesLaLed as
Ardhnarlshwar (parLly male parLly female) from hls forehead and saldl am your son 8uL Lhe
unberabale heaL emanaLlng from Lhe effulgence of Ardhanarlshwar burnL Lhe whole world
lncludlng Lord 8rahmaLord Shlva Lhen separaLed Lhe femlnlne parL of hls body (Coddess armeshwarl)
and lnsLrucLed
her Lo begln creaLlon 8oLh 8rahma and vlshnu manlfesLed from Lhe body of goddess
armeshwarl Lord vlshnu dlvlded hls body lnLo Lwo halves and creaLed Lhe world Lord 8rahma
once agaln dld a Lremendous penance whlch lasLed for Len Lhousand years Cnce agaln Shlva
manlfesLed from hls forehead buL Lhls Llme as neelalohlL Lord neela LohlL became pleased by
8rahmas eulogy and blessed hlm
MAnllLS1A1lCn Cl nAnulSPWA8
Shllad dld a Lremendous penance Lo please Lord Shlva Pls penance conLlnued for Lhousands of
year AL lasL Lord Shlva appeared before hlm and saldl am exLremely pleased by you
devoLlon l shall bless you wlLh a son who wlll become famous for hls knowledge and learnlng
8uL Shllad was deslrous of a selfborn and lmmorLal son Lord Shlva sald?our deslre wlll be
fulfllled Lven Lord 8rahma had requesLed me Lo Lake an lncarnaLlon l wlll Lake blrLh as your
son and my name wlll be nandl
ln course of Llme Shlva manlfesLed from Lhe oblaLlon slLe 1he delLles became pleased afLer
seelng nandl who possessed Lhree eyes four arms and a crown on hls head
1PL nL1PL8 WC8Lu
Lord Shlva ls Lhe source from where all Lhe dlfferenL worlds orlglnaLe eople ln Lhelr lgnorance
are unware of Lhe facL LhaL Lhe whole unlverse ls noLhlng buL a medlum Lhrough whlch Shlva
manlfesLs hlmself 1he varlous worlds llke Maha !ana 1apa SaLya eLc and all Lhe naLural
elemenLs llke earLh Sky ocean eLc owe Lhelr orlgln Lo Shlva underneaLh Lhe earLh lles Lhe
neLherworlds whlch are all LogeLher seven ln number 1ala vlLala SuLala eLc 1he neLherworld
named MahaLala ls Lhe dwelllng place of Lord Muchkand and klng 8all SuLala ls yellow ln
colour whlle vlLalo shlnes brlghLly llke a coral ALala ls of whlLe colour and 1ala has a shade of
whlLe
All Lhese neLherworld have Lhe same expanse as Lhe earLh 8asaLal ls Lhe place where vasukl
resldes 1alaLal ls Lhe dwelllng place of mlghLy demons llke vlrochan and Plranyaksha lL ls also
Lhe place where hell ls slLuaLed 1he neLherworld named SuLal ls Lhe dwelllng place where 1arka
Agnlmukh and rahlada llve 1ala ls Lhe dwelllng place of mlghLy warrlors llke Mahakumbh
Payagreeva eLc
1PL SLvLn lSLAnuS
1he earLh conslsLs of seven lslands many rlvers mounLalns and seven oceans 1he laksha
Shalmall kush kraunch Shak and ushkar Lord Shlva alongwlLh goddess Amblka and hls
ganas dwell ln all Lhese seven lslands ln one form or Lhe oLher
1he name of Lhe seven oceans are ksharod 8asod Surod ChaLodakshal uadhyarnav kshlrod
and Swadood Lord Shlva manlfesLs hlmself ln all of Lhem Lord Shlva dwells ln Lhe ocean
named kshlrarnav klng rlyavraLa was Lhe grandson of Manu who ruled durlng Swayambhuva
manvanLar Pe had Len sons Agnlghra Agnlbahu MeghaLlLhl vasu vayushman !yoLlshman
uyuLlman Pavya Savan eLc rlyavraLa had made Aghnlghra Lhe klng of !ambudweepa
Slmllarly Lhe lslands of lakshadweepa Shalmall kushadweepa kraunchdweepa
Shalvadweepa and ushkar were glven Lo MedhaLlLhl vayushman !yoLlshman uyuLlman Pavya
and Savan respecLlvely Pavya had seven sons who became rulers and Lhe dlfferenL LerrlLorles
Lhey ruled deslred Lhelr names from Lhem
8PA8A1A vA8SP
AgnlghraLhe ruler of !ambudweepa was a greaL devoLee of Lord Shlva Pe had nlne sons
nabhl klmpurusha Parlvarsha llavraLa 8amaya Plranyaman kuru 8hadrashva and keLumal
Agnlghra appolnLed nabhl Lhe klng of Pemakhya Slmllarly klmpurusha Parlvarsha llavraLa
8amaya Plranyaman kuru 8hadrashva and keLumal were glven Lhe klngdoms of PemakooL
nalshadh Meru neelachal ShweL Srlngavarsh Malvan and Candhamoodan respecLlvely AfLer
Lhls Agnlghra renounced everyLhlng and wenL Lo do penance
Merudevl was nabhls wlfe and Lhe moLher of 8lshabh AfLer growlng up 8lshabh goL marrled
and became Lhe faLher of no less Lhan one hundred sons Among Lhem 8haraLa was Lhe eldesL
When 8haraLa grow up 8lshabh appolnLed hlm as hls successor and afLer renounclng everyLhlng
wenL Lo Lhe foresL
8haraLa wenL on Lo become a greaL klng and ruled over Lhe whole LerrlLory souLhwards of
Plmalaya Cur counLry derlves lLs name from hlm 8haraLa had a son named SumaLl who
succeeded hls faLher as a klng
1PL ML8u MCun1Aln
Meru mounLaln ls slLuaLed ln Lhe hearL of !ambudweepa 1he Meru range ls spread ln Lhe area of
16 Lhousand yo[an lLs Lowerlng peak ls 84 Lhousand ln helghL from Lhe ground level and had
even peneLraLed Lhe depLh of earLh Lo Lhe measuremenL of 16 Lhousand yo[an Meru mounLaln ls
consldered Lo be very sacred and ls belleved Lo be Lhe dwelllng place of Lhe delLles
?amra[s abodevalvaswaLlpurl ls slLuaLed ln Lhe souLher parL of Meru mounLaln Some oLher
holy places llke ShuddhavaLl CandhavaLl and ?ashomaLl are also slLuaLed on Lhls mounLaln
where Lord 8rahma Lord vlshnu and Lord Shlva are belleved Lo have Lhelr respecLlve abodes
1he sun conLlnuously shlnes over Meru mounLaln A rlver named !ambu flows down Lhls
mounLaln 1here ls also a Lree by Lhe same name whlch ls eLernally ladden wlLh frulLs 1he Meru
mounLaln ls surrounded on all lLs sldes by a counLry llavrlLa 1he resldenLs of llavrlLa rellsh Lhe
frulLs of !ambu Lree
1PL 8CMlnLn1 MCun1AlnS
uescrlblng abouL Lhe physlcal characLerlsLlcs os all L[e seven lslands SuLa says Seven mounLalns are
slLuaLed ln laksha dweepa Cobhedak Chandra narada uundubhl
Soyak Sumana and valbhra[ Slmllarly Lhe promlnenL mounLaln ranges slLuaLed ln Shalmall
dweepa are kumud uLLam 8alahak urona karkamahlsh kumudman eLc kushadweepa also
has seven mounLalns among whlch vldhrabh and Pem are Lhe promlnenL ones All Lhese seven
lslands are surrounded by seven oceans 1he mounLaln named Lokalok ls so glganLlc ln slze LhaL
half of lLs parL ls always covered ln darkness
1he omnlpresenL Lord Shlva pervades Lhe whole unlverse Cnce belng confronLed by Lhe
effulgence of Lord Shlva who had dlsgulsed hlmself as a ?aksha all Lhe delLles became devold
of Lhelr power lndra was amazed and asked Lhe ?aksha as Lo who he was Lord Shlva
dlsappeared wlLhouL glvlng any answer and goddess Amblka appeared before Lhe delLles lndra
asked her Lhe same quesLlon Lo whlch goddess Amblka replled Pe was none oLher Lhan Lhe
almlghLy Shlva l belng Lhe rakrlLl (naLure) do creaLlon followlng hls lnsLrucLlons Pe ls Lhe
embodlmenL of urusha (Supreme almlghLy)
1PL Sun
1he movemenL of Sun ls rapld when lL ls poslLloned souLh of equaLor (uakshalnayan) on Lhe
oLher hand lLs movemenL ls slow when poslLloned norLh os equaLor (uLLarayan)1he Llme ls
lndlcaLed by Lhe varlous poslLlons of Sun whlle lL ls on lLs course of movemenL ln Lhe horlzon
Whlle Lhe sun ls slLuaLed ln Lhe SouLhLasL dlrecLlon lL ls belleved Lo be Lhe mornlng Llme
SlmllarlL when Lhe Sun has poslLloned lLself ln Lhe souLhwesL norLhwesL or SouLhLasL
dlrecLlon lL ls sald Lo be Lhe beforenoon afLernoon and nlghL respecLlvely
1he Sun ls belleved Lo be mounLed on a charloL whlle on lLs course of movemenL ln Lhe Porlzon
All Lhe delLles apsaras and Candharvas are belleved Lo follow lLs movemenL 1he perlods of day
and nlghL conslsL of 30 ghadl each 1he Sun causes ralnfall due Lo Lhe process of evaporaLlon
WaLer ls Lhe source of llfe and ls Lhe manlfesLaLlon of Lord Shlva hlmself
LC8u 88APMA ASSlCnS LC8uSPlS 1C 1PL
uLl1lLS
1he Sages requesLed SuLa Lo descrlbe how Lord 8rahma asslgned Lordshlps Lo all Lhe delLles and
Lhe demons
SuLa replled 1he Sun was made Lhe lord of all Lhe planeLs Soma was made Lhe lord of all Lhe
consLellaLlons and medlclnal herbs Slmllarly vaun was made Lhe Lord of waLer whlle kubera
was asslgned Lhe Lordshlp of wealLh Lord vlshnu aLLalned Lhe Lordshlp of AdlLyas awak of
vasus uaksha of ra[apaLls lndra of delLles and rahlada aLLalned Lhe Lordshlp of all Lhe
demons Some oLher promlnenL specles and Lhe asslgned Lordshlps are as follows
SLClLS LC8u
SLClLS LC8uAnlmals 8udra Women uma
8udras neelalohlL CbsLacles Ca[anan
ower of Speech SaraswaLl MounLalns Plmalaya
8lvers Canga Cceans ksheersagar
1rees eepal (llg) Candharvas ChlLraraLhl
SerpenLs 1akshak 8lrds Caruda
rlLhu was made Lhe lord of LarLh and Lord Shlva Lhe lord of whole unlverse
1PL CPA8lC1S Cl Sun MCCn Anu C1PL8
LAnL1S
1he charloL of Surya ls belleved Lo have been creaLed by Lord 8rahma lL ls made up of gold and
lLs wheels have flve spokeseach 1he charloL ls very huge ln slze and lLs expanse covers Lhe area
of nlne Lhousand yo[an lL ls pulled by seven horses whlch are of green complexlon 1he
movemenL of Sun resulLs lnLo Lhe occurence of day and nlghL 1he moons charloL conslsLs of
Lhree wheela and ls pulled by Len whlLe horses Lach wheel ls supporLed by one hundred spokes
1he charloLs of Mercury Mars and !uplLer are belleved Lo be pulled by elghL horses each 1he
charloL of SaLurn ls belleved Lo be pulled by Len black horses
1PL 8AulAnCL Cl Su8?A
1he Surya ls Lhe source Lo whlch all Lhe llvlng belngs owe Lhelr exlsLence All Lhe delLles derlve
Lhelr effulgence from Surya who ln Lurn derlves lLs own radlance from Lord Mahadeva1lme ls
deLermlned wlLh Lhe help of Suryas movemenL Cne can noL even lmaglne Lhe varlous unlLs of
Llme llke kshana muhurLa day nlghL forLnlghL monLh season eLc wlLhouL Lhe exlsLence of
Surya 1he Sun whlch lllumlnaLes Lhe whole world ls noLhlng buL Lhe medlum Lhrough whlch Lhe
almlghLy 8udra manlfesLs hlmself 1he Sun sheds Lhousands of rays among whlch seven are
promlnenL Sushumna 8lshlkesh vlshwakarma vlshwaLyacha Annadh Sarvavasu and Swarah
A81 lCu8 uP8uvA 1PL Su8LML uLvC1LL
1he Sages asked SuLa as Lo how uhruva became successful ln aLLalnlng lmmorLallLy and supreme
sLaLus among all Lhe sLars SuLa narraLed Lhe followlng Lale
1here llved a klng named uLLanpad who had Lwo queensSunlLl and Suruchl 1he eldesL queen
SunlLl had a son named uhruva Cne day whlle uhruva was slLLlng ln hls faLhers lap Suruchl
hls sLep moLher conLempLuously pulled hlm from uLLanpads lap and made her own son slL ln hls
place uhruva wenL Lo SunlLl and complalned abouL hls sLeps moLhers behavlour SunlLl advlsed uhruva
LhaL he should seek for Lhe supreme sLaLus whlch ls permanenL lollowlng hls moLhers
advlce uhruva wenL Lo Lhe foresL ln search of LhaL supreme sLaLus ln Lhe foresL he meL Sage
vlshwamlLra who advlsed hlm Lo seek Lhe blesslngs of Lord keshav by chanLlng Lhe sacred
manLra Cm namo vasudevay uhruva dld an ausLere penance for Lhousands of year AL lasL lord
vlshnu became pleased and appeared before hlm mounLed on Caruda vlshnu Louched uhruvas
face wlLh hls conch as a resulL of whlch he aLLalned Self knowledge vlshnu blessed uhruva by
saylng l glve you Lhe supreme place whlch even Lhe delLles and Lhe sages long for 1hls way
uhruva aLLalned a supreme sLaLus among all Lhe sLars wlLh Lhe blesslngs of vlshnu
1PL C8lCln Cl uLl1lLS
Cn belng enqulred by Lhe sages abouL Lhe orlgln of delLles demons and oLher celesLlal enLlLles
SuLa sald uaksha belng deslrous of enhanclng Lhe populaLlon creaLed LenLhousand sons merely
by hls wlsh and lnsLrucLed Lhem Lo conLrlbuLe ln Lhe propagaLlon of populaLlon Pls ob[ecLlve
remalned unfulfllled as narada was successful ln preachlng Lhem Lowards Lhe paLh of devoLlon
As a resulL all of Lhem wenL Lo do medlLaLlon afLer renounclng Lhe world
Seelng hls efforLs go ln valn uaksha creaLed Len Lhousand more sons who were convlnced by
narada Lo Lhe paLh of renunclaLlon once agaln uaksha Lhen begoL slxLy daughLers from hls wlfe
named valrlnl When Lhese glrls grew up uaksha marrled Lo dlfferenL sagesLen of Lhem were
marrled Lo uharma LhlrLeen Lo kashyapa LwenLyseven Lo Soma four Lo ArlshLaneml Lwo Lo
8hrlgus son Lwo Lo krlshashwa and Lhe remalnlng Lwo were marrled Lo Anglra
1he named of uharmas wlves were MaruLlvaLl vasu Aryama Lamba 8hanu ArundhaLl
Sankalpa MuhurLa Sadhya and vlshwabhamlnl vlshwabhamlnl was Lhe moLher of vlshvedeva
whlle Sadhya gave blrLh Lo Sadhva Slmllarly MaruLvaLl 8hanu MuhurLa Lamba and Sankalpa
gave blrLh Lo varuLwan 8hanav MahurLlk Chosh and Sankalpa respecLlvely vasu became Lhe
moLher of elghL vasus
Among Lhe LwenLy seven wlves of kashyapa Lhe names of some promlnenL ones wereAdlLl
ulLl ArlshLa Surasa Munl Surabhl vlnaLa 1amra krodha vasha lla kadru 1wlshad Anga
eLckashyapa had Lwo sons from ulLl Plranyakashlpu and Plranyaksha uanu gave blrLh Lo one
hundred sons among whom vlprachlL was very promlnenL 1amra gave blrLh Lo slx daughLers
Shukl Swenl Sugreevl Crldhlka 8hasl and Shunl
kashyapa dld an ausLere penance and was blessed wlLh Lwo sonsvaLsar and AslL vaLsar had
Lwo sonsnalbudh and 8almbh AslL marrled Lkparna and had one son from her
8rahmanlshLhvashlshLha was marrled Lo ArundhaLl and had one hundred sons from her among
whom ShakLl was Lhe eldesL ShakLl was marrled Lo AdrlshyanLl and arashar was hls son
uwalpayan was Lhe son of arashar and Shukra was uwalpayans son
SACL A8ASPA8
1he Sages asked SuLa how ShakLl had been devoured by a demon named 8udhlrSuLl[l replled Cnce
Sage vashlshLha was presldlng over a grand ?agya belng organlzed by a
klng named kalmashpad vashlshLha had a rlvalry wlLh vlshwamlLra Cn seelng vashlshLha busy
ln LhaL ?agya vlshwamlLra lnsLlgaLed 8udhlr a demon Lo klll hls sons 8udhlr followed Lhe
lnsLrucLlons and devoured vashlshLhas sons lncludlng ShakLl
When vashlshLha learnL abouL hls sons deaLh hls hearL was fllled wlLh grlef Pe deslred Lo glve up
hls llfe buL was prevenLed from dolng so by hls daughLerlnlaw She lnformed hlm abouL her
pregnancy and sald very soon you wlll see your grandson So qulL Lhe ldea of glvlng up your
llfe vashlshLha Lhough sLlll mournful of hls sons deaLh posLponed Lhe ldea of glvlng up hls llfe
for Lhe Llme belng Cne day whlle he was engrossed ln Lhe LhoughLs of hls deparLed son he was
amazed Lo llsLen Lhe reclLal of a vedlc hymn Pe looked all around buL found nobody Suddenly
he heard a heavenly volce LhaL revealed by hls grandson who was sLlll lnslde Lhe womb of hls
moLher ln course of Llme ArundhaLl gave blrLh Lo a son who was named arashar Cne day
young arashar curlously enqulred from hls moLher as Lo why she dld noL puL on ornamenLs llke
oLher women of her age do ArundhaLl kepL qulLe buL when arashar kepL on lnslsLlng she
revealed Lo hlm LhaL lL was noL proper for a mournful women Lo adorn herself She also Lold hlm
how hls faLherShakLl had been kllled by 8udhlr Lhe demon
arashar consoled ArundhaLl by saylng LhaL he would avenge hls faLhers lord Shlva Pe Lhen
made an earLhen Shlvallnga and sLarLed worshlpplng lL by chanLlng Lhe scared manLras of ShlvaSukLa
and Lrayambak SukLa Lord Shlva became pleased by hls devoLlon and blessed hlm wlLh a
dlvlne vlslon whlch enabled hlm Lo see hls dead faLher arashar Lhen commenced a yagya wlLh
Lhe purpose of annlhllaLlng Lhe demons All Lhe demons sLarLed belng LormenLed by Lhe exLreme
heaL generaLed by LhaL oblaLlon vashlshLha prevenLed by LhaL oblaLlon vashlshLha prevenLed
arashar from conLlulng wlLh LhaL ?agya as many lnnocenL demons had suffered arashar
sLopped performlng Lhe rlLuals aL hls faLhers requesL
Sage ulasLya had also been lnvlLed ln LhaL yagya Pe was very pleased by hls devoLlon Loward
hls faLher and blessed hlm wlLh Lhe knowledge of all Lhe scrlpLures ln course of Llme arashar
became famous for hls LreaLlsevlshnu urana
1PL LlnLACL Cl Aul1?A
Cn belng enqulred by Lhe Sages abouL Lhe respecLlve llneage of AdlLya (Sun) and Soma (moon)
SuLa replled
Sage kashyapa had a sonAdlLya from AdlLl AdlLya had four wlvesSangya 8a[yl rabha and
Chhaya Sangya gave blrLh Lo Manu whereas 8agyl was Lhe moLher of ?ama ?amuna and
8alvaL rabha gave blrLh Lo rabhaL whlle chhaya was Lhe moLher of Lhree chlldrenSavarnl
Shanl 1apLl and vrlshLl
Chhaya was exLremely affecLlonaLe Lowards her sLep son ?ama Cne day ?ama klcked her ln
anger as a resulL of whlch hls leg became lnfllcLed wlLh lncurable dlsease Pe became cured of
hls dlsease only afLer dolng penance for Lhousands of years aL as place called CokarnaManu had nlne
sons lkshavaku nabhag uhrlshnu SharyaLl narlshyanL nabhag ArlshL
karush and rlshaghna Pe also had Lhree daughLerslla !yeshLha and varlshLha who
colncldenLally aLLalned male physlque laLer on ln Lhelr llfe lla became famous as Sudyumna and
had Lhree sons uLkal Copa and vlnlLashva Parlshwa was Lhe descendanL of lkshavaku and had
a son named vasumana 1rldhanva was vasumanas son Pe had aLLalned Lhe deslgnaLlon of
CanapaLya by vlrLue of accompllshlng one Lhousand Ashwamedha ?aga 1rldhanva had a son
named 1rayyarun and Lhe name of hls son was SaLyavraLa 1he same SaLyavraLa became famous
as 1rlshanku who was Lhe only person Lo aLLaln Lo heaven wlLh hls morLal body
1he mosL LruLhful klng Parlsh Chandra was Lhe son lf 1rlshanku Parlsh chandra had a son
named 8ohlL Sagar belonged Lo Lhe llneage of Parlshchandra Pe had Lwo wlves rabha had
glven blrLh Lo slxLy Lhousand sons buL 8hanumaLl had only one son named Asaman[asAnshuman
was Lhe son on Asaman[as Anshumans son was ulllp Sage 8haglraLh was Lhe son of ulllp
Some promlnenL personallLy who belonged Lo Lhe llneage of lkshavaku were ShruL nabhag
Ambarlsh ulrghabahu ulllp (ulrghabahus son) 8aghu A[a uasharaLh 8ama Lakshman
8haraLa ShaLrughna Lav and kush 1he famous klng ururava also cause from Lhe same
llneage Pe was a greaL devoLee of Lord Shlva Pls son was nahush nahush had slx sons among
whom ?ayaLl was Lhe eldesL ?ayaLl had Lwo wlves uevayanl and SharmlshLha ?ayaLl ruled
over Lhe whole earLh Pe had conquered Lhe whole earLh wlLh Lhe help of dlvlne weapons and
charloL whlch he had recelved from hls faLher ln lawShukracharya (uevayanls faLher)
?ayaLl had Lwo sons from uevayanl ?adu and 1urvasu Pe also had Lhree sons from hls second
wlfeSharmlshLha whose names were urushya Anu and uru?ayaLl appolnLed hls youngesL son
uru as hls successor because of hls LoLal devoLlon Lowards hls parenL ?adu was made Lhe ruler
of SouLhern provlnce
?Auu u?nAS1?
?adu had flve sons among whom SahasLra[eeL was Lhe eldesL ShaLar[ay was Lhe oson of
SahasLra[eeL and hlmself had Lhree sonsPalhya Paya and venu uharma was Palhyas son
uharmaneLra was Lhe son of uharma and hlmself had Lwo sonsklrLl and San[aySan[ays son
was Mahlshman and 8hadrashrenya was Mahlshmans son uurdam was Lhe son of
8hadrashrenya and uurdams son was uhanak
uhanak had four sons among whom Lhe youngesL karLaveerya Ar[una was very mlghLy Pe
was kllled by arashuran karLaveerya Ar[una had many sons among whom Shoor Shoorsen
uhrlshLa krlshna and !ayadhura[a were promlnenL !ayadhwa[a had a very mlghLy son named
1ala[angha 1ala[angha Loo had many mlghLy and brave sons llke veeLlhoLra vrlsha eeLc vrlsha
had a son Madhu Madhus son was vrlshnl
Some oLher promlnenL klngs of ?adu dynasLy wereraghra[lL !yamagh ShruL vldarbh
Subhag vayu kraLha kaushlk 8omapad vabhru SughrlLl kunLa 8anadhrlsLa 8hlmaraLh
navaraLh uhrldharaLh karambha uevaraLha uevakshaLrak and Madhu 1he famous kaurava
dynasLy came from Lhe llneage of MadhuS8l k8lSPnA
Ahuka came from Lhe llneage of ?adu Pe had Lwo sons uevak and ugrasen 1he eldesL son
uevak had eleven chlldrenfour sons and seven daughLers 1he names of hls sons were
uevavan upadeva Sudeva and uevarakshlL All hls seven daughLers whlch also lncluded
uevakl were marrled Lo vasudeva Ahuks youngesL son ugrasen had nlce sons among kansa
was Lhe eldesL
vasudeva had a son named 8alarama from 8ohlnl uevakl one of hls wlves gave blrLh of lord
Srl krlshna vasudeva had exchanged Srl krlshna wlLh Lhe daughLer of ?ashoda as Srl krlshnas
llfe was under LhreaL from kansa When kansa Lrled Lo klll her She sllpped away from her hand
and ascended Lowards Lhe sky She Lhen Lhundered 1here ls no use kllllng me 1he person who
ls supposed Lo klll you has already Laken blrLh Per prophesy came Lo be LruLh and kansa was
ulLlmaLely kllled by Srl krlshna
Srl krlshna had 16108 Cueens among whom 8ukmlnl was dearesL Pe dld an ausLere penance Lo
please Lord Shlva as Lhe resulL of whlch Pe was blessed wlLh many sons llke Charudeshna
Sucharu radyumna eLc Pe also had a son named Samb from !ambawaLl Lord krlshna lefL for
heavenly abode afLer en[oylng a long llfe of 120 years Pe had desLroyed Pls whole clan before
leavlng Pls morLal body A hunLer named !ara who mlsLook hlm Lo be a deer kllled hlm uue Lo
Lhe curse of AshLavakra Srl krlshnas wlves had been abducLed by Lhe dacolLs
LC8u 88APMA 8LLSSLS 1PL uLMCnS
1he Sages asked SuLa as Lo how dld Maya1he demon acqulre Lhree well forLlfled forLs from
Lord 8rahma and how was lord Shlva flnally successful ln desLroylng Lhem
SuLa replled AfLer 1arakasurs deaLh hls Lhree sons vldyunmall kamlaksha and 1arakaksha
dld Lremendous penance Lo please Lord 8rahma When Lord 8rahma appeared 1hey expressed
Lhelr deslre of aLLalnlng lmmorLallLy Lord 8rahma refused Lo obllge Lhem 1he demons afLer
consulLlng each oLher demanded Lhree lnvlnclble forLs from hlm and sald Cnly such a person
should be able Lo klll us who ls capable of desLroylng all Lhe Lhree forLs wlLh a slngle shoL of an
arrow
Lord 8rahma blessed Lhem and dlsappeared Maya Lhen dld an ausLere penance and wlLh Lhe
help of dlvlne powers aLLalned from lL consLrucLed Lhree forLs aL Lhree dlfferenL places 1he forL
made of gold was slLuaLed ln Lhe heaven whlle Lhe sllverforL was slLuaLed ln Lhe space 1he Lhlrd
forL whlch was made of lron was slLuaLed on Lhe earLh 1he goldforL was glven Lo 1arakaksha
Lhe sllverforL Lo kamalaksha and Lhe lronforL was glven Lo vldyunmall AfLer acqulrlng Lhese
lnvlnclble forLs all Lhe demons had become exLremely arroganL 1hey sLarLed LormenLlng Lhe
delLles
1he delLles wenL Lo Lord vlshnu and requesLed help Lord vlshnu creaLed Lhousands of splrlLs
(8hooLganas) and lnsLrucLed Lhem Lo desLroy Lhose Lhree forLs 8uL Lhe 8hooLganas were
unsuccessful ln Lhelr aLLempL and were charred Lo deaLh LamenLlng Lhelr deaLh Lhe delLles wenL Lo Lord
vlshnu and soughL help once agaln Lord vlshnu was aware LhaL Lhe demons derlved Lhelr
power from Lord Shlva So Pe declded Lo devlaLe Lhem from Lhe paLh of Shlvas devoLlon Pe
Lhen creaLed an llluslonary enLlLy 1he llluslonary enLlLy wenL Lo Lhe place where demons llved
and was successful ln lnfluenclng Lhem by hls llluslonary LacLlcs
All Lhe demons became so lmpressed by hlm LhaL Lhey sLopped worshlpplng Lord Shlva and
became Pls dlsclples 1hls resulLed lnLo a LoLal degradaLlon of moral values among Lhe demons
llndlng Lhe Llme opporLune Lord vlshnu euloglzed Shlva who appeared and agreed Lo desLroy
Lhose Lhree forLs vlshwakarma made a dlvlne charloL for Lord Shlva and Lord 8rahma became
Lhe charloLeer MounLed on LhaL charloL Lord Shlva proceeded Lowards Lhe demon All Lhe delLles
followed hlm
Lord 8rahma sald8lghL now lL ls ushya yoga and lL ls very ausplclous for launchlng and lL ls
very ausplclous for launchlng an aLLack on Lhe demons forLsLord Shlva Lhen released hls arrow
whlch afLer desLroylng all Lhe Lhree forLs reLurned Lo hls qulver 1he delLles became pleased and
euloglzed lord Shlva
ACln1MLn1 Cl AnuPAk AS 1PL LC8u Cl
CAnAS
Cn belng asked by Lhe Sages how AndhakLhe demon was appolnLed as Lhe lord of Canas by
Lord Shlva SuLa narraLed Lhe followlng Lale Lo Lhem1he mlghLy demon Andhak was
Plranyakshs son 8y Lhe vlrLue of hls ausLere penance he had recelved a boon of lmmorLallLy
from Lord 8rahma ln course of Llme he conquered all Lhe Lhree worlds Pe sLarLed LormenLlng
Lhe delLles and as a resulL of whlch Lhey had Lo Lake refuge ln Lhe causes of Mandarachal
mounLaln
1he delLles wenL Lo Lord Shlva and narraLed Lhelr woeful Lale Lo hlm 1hey also requesLed hlm Lo
klll Andhak so LhaL Lhey could llve ln peace Lord Shlva wenL Lo Lhe place where Andhak llved
accompanled by all Lhe delLles When Andhak saw Lhem comlng he aLLacked menaclngly wlLh
hls varlous weapons 1he delLles became scared and sLarLed runnlng helLerskelLer Lord Shlva
Lhen kllled Andhak wlLh hls LrldenL Pe Lhen llfLed Lhe corpse wlLh Lhe help of hls LrldenL and kepL
ln LhaL poslLlon for a very long perlod
1he dlvlne slghL of Lord Shlva had llberaLed Andhak from all hls slns llndlng hlmself ln a
helpless poslLlon Andhak euloglzed Shlva and begged for forglveness AL lasL Lord Shlva
became pleased and broughL Andhak down afLer lowerlng hls LrldenL Pe gave hlm Lhe
deslgnaLlon of a CanapaLl and made hlm Lhe lord of hls ganas
1PL Ll8L8A1lCn Cl LA81P
1he Sages were curlous Lo know how Lord vlshnu ln hls lncarnaLlon of varaha (8oar) had
llberaLed Lhe earLh from Lhe capLlvlLy of Plranyaksha 1hey also wanLed Lo know why Lord Shlva
adorned hlmself wlLh Lhe horn of LhaL boar SuLa narraLed Lhe followlng Lale PlranyakshaAndhaks
faLher was a LyranL AfLer vanqulshlng
Lhe delLles he had Laken Lhe earLh Lo 8asaLala 1he delLles soughL Lhe help of Lord vlshnu Lord
vlshnu Lhen Look Lhe lncarnaLlon of varaha (boar) and kllled Plranyaksha wlLh hls sharp horns
Pe Lhen broughL Lhe earLh from 8asaLala and kepL lL ln lLs orlglnal poslLlon 1he delLles euloglzed
boLh Lord vlshnu and moLher earLh Lord Shlva adorned and hlmself wlLh Lhe ornamenL carved
ouL from Lhe horn of LhaL boar 1hls ls Lhe reason why he ls also called uanshLrl (wlld boar)
klLLlnC Cl !ALAnuPA8
1he Sages requesLed SuLa Lo reveal how Lord Shlva had kllled Lhe noLorlous demon !alandhar
SuLa narraLed Lhe followlng Lale
1here was a demon named !alandhar Pe had manlfesLed from Lhe ocean Pe had acqulred dlvlne
power by Lhe vlrLue of hls ausLere penance !alandhar had defeaLed Lhe delLles and conquered Lhe
heaven Pe even defeaLed Lord vlshnu and boasLedl have conquered everybody now! Cnly
Shlva ls llfL Lo be conquered
!alandhar wenL Lo flghL a baLLle wlLh Lord Shlva accompanled by a huge army Lord Shlva was
aware of Lhe boon whlch Lord 8rahma had glven Lo Andhak and whlch had made hlm
lnvlnclble !alandhar derlved hls power from hls wlfe vrlnda who was an exLremely chasLe
woman As per Lhe plans of Lhe delLles Lord vlshnu dlsgulsed as !alandhar and wenL Lo breach
Lhe modesLy of vrlnda vrlnda could noL recognlze Lord vlshnu and mlsLook hlm Lo be her
husband!alandhar ulLlmaLely Lord vlshnu was successful ln hls moLlves
Meanwhlle Lhe baLLle had commenced beLween !alandhar and Lord Shlva Lord Shlva desLroyed
Lhe whole army of !alandhar by Lhe slghL of hls Lhlrd eye !alandhar became furlous and Lrled Lo
klll Lord Shlva wlLh Lhe Sudarshan Chakra whlch he had snaLched from vlshnu 8uLas soon as
he llfLed Lhe Sudarshan chakra hls body goL cuL lnLo Lwo parLs 1he deaLh of !alandhar broughL
lmmense [oy Lo Lhe delLles
1PL C8lCln Cl LC8u CAnLSP
Cnce Lhe delLles requesLed Lord Shlva Lo devlce some means so LhaL Lhey no longer had Lo llve
under Lhe LhreaL of Lhe demons1he mosL merclful Lord lnakl Shlva Lhen Look Lhe lncarnaLlon of
Caneshwar Pe had a human body buL hls heard resembled llke an elephanL Pe held a LrldenL ln
hls hand All Lhe delLles euloglzed Lord CaneshLhe Lord of wlsdom and Lhe remover of all
obsLacles Lord Canesh ls Lhe flrsL delLy Lo be worshlpped ln any rlLual as he ls belleved Lo
remove all Lhe obsLacles A devoLee of Lord Canesh ls free from Lhe fear of fallures and achleves
success ln any endeavour he underLakes
SPlv 1AnuAv
1he delLles were curlous Lo know Lhe sLory behlnd 1andav Lhe famous dance of Lord Shlva So
Lhey asked SuLa how lL sLarLed and whaL made Shlva Lo perform 1andavSuLa replled 1here llved a
demon named uaruk Pe had acqulred dlvlne powers by Lhe vlrLue
of hls ausLere penance Pe sLarLed LormenLlng Lhe delLles sages and all Lhe vlrLuous people All
Lhe delLles wenL Lo Lord Shlva and requesLed hlm Lo glve proLecLlon from Lhe Lyrany of uaruk
Lord Shlva Lhen requesLed arvaLl Lo help Lhe delLles Cne parL of arvaLls consclousness enLered
lnLo Lhe body of Lord Shlva 8uL Lhe delLles were noL aware of Lhls happenlng Coddess arvaLl
Lhen aLLalned her physlcal form wlLh Lhe help of polson sLored ln Lhe LhroaL of Lord Shlva 1he
effeL of polson had made her complexlon dark Lord Shlva Lhen broughL her ouL from wlLhln hls
body Lhrough hls Lhlrd eye
1he delLles became frlghLened afLer seelng her Lerrlflc appearance She was none oLher Lhan
Coddess kall Coddess kall Lhen kllled uaruk wlLh Lhe permlsslon of arvaLl8uL even afLer Lhe
deaLh of uaruk her anger dld noL subslde and Lhe whole world was ablaze due Lo her anger Lord
Shlva Lhen lncarnaLed as a small chlld and sLarLed crylng as lf he was hungry Coddess kall could
noL declpher Lhe llluslons of Shlva and LhoughL LhaL Lhe chlld was crylng because of hunger She
sLarLed feedlng Lhe chlld her breasLmllk ln Lhe process of sucklng mllk Shlva also sucked ouL
her anger
1he exLreme anger of kall had resulLed lnLo Lhe manlfesLaLlon of elghL dlvlne enLlLles who
became famous as ksheLrapal AfLer her anger had subslded Coddess kall became unconsclous
Lord Shlva Lhen performed hls famous dance1andav for Lhe flrsL Llme Lo brlng kall back Lo
consclousness Pe was accompanled by all Lhe ghosLs and splrlLs ln hls Lerrlflc dance When kall
regalned her consclousness she found Shlva danclng She Loo sLarLed danclng and Lhls ls Lhe
reason why she ls also called ?oglnl
A81 llvL uAMAn?u
1he sages were curlous Lo know how Lord Shlva had besLowed Lhe deslgnaLlon of CanpaLya and
an ocean of mllk Lo upamanyu 1hey requesLed SuLa Lo shed llghL on Lhe Lwo lncldenLs
SuLa narraLed Lhe followlng Lale
upamanyu was a brllllanL chlld 1here ls an lnLeresLlng sLory how he became Lhe supreme
devoLee of Lord Shlva Cnce durlng hls chlldhood he had gone Lo hls maLernaluncles place
Cne day whlle he was hungry he Lrled Lo drlnk some mllk 8uL hls cousln dld noL allow hlm Lo
drlnk mllk and afLer snaLchlng Lhe bowl of mllk drank hlmself
upamanyu sLarLed crylng Pe wenL Lo hls moLher who Lrled Lo console hlm by glvlng a soluLlon of
powdered gralns 8uL upamanyu dld noL wanL anyLhlng less Lhan mllk Pls moLher sald?ou
should be saLlsfled wlLh whaLever you geL erhaps we dld noL worshlp Lord Shlva ln our pasL
llves Cur hardshlps are Lhe fallouLs of Lhose unpardonable slns Cnly a devoLee of Shlva ls
enLlLled Lo all klnds of comforL and pleasure
upamanyu declded Lhen and Lhere Lo please Shlva by hls penance and aLLaln an ocean of mllk
from hlm Pe wenL Lo Plmalaya mounLaln and sLarLed dolng an ausLere penance Pls penance had
resulLed lnLo Lhe generaLlon of unbearable heaL 1he delLles became Lerrlfled and wenL Lo seek Lhe
help of Lord vlshnuLord vlshnu along wlLh Lhe delLles wenL Lo Lord Shlva and soughL hls help Lord
Shlva declded
Lo LesL Lhe devoLlon of upamanyu Pe dlsgulsed hlmself as lndra and wenL Lo Lhe place where
upamanyu was dolng penance Pe sLarLed abuslng Shlva whlch made upamanyu so angry LhaL
he Lrled Lo klll hlm When upamanyu falled ln hls aLLempL Lo klll Shlva he Lrled Lo klll hlmself by
chanLlng Agneya manLra
Lord Shlva was very pleased by hls LoLal devoLlon and revealed hls ldenLlLy Pe blessed
upamanyu and afLer accepLlng hlm as hls son granLed Lhe deslgnaLlon of CanpaLya Pe also
provlded oceans of mllk and curd Lo upamanyu
1PL C8LA1nLSS Cl uWAuASPAkSPA8 MAn18A
Cn belng asked by Lhe sages abouL Lhe sacred manLra Lhe chanLlng of whlch enabled a man Lo
aLLaln salvaLlon SuLa replled
Lord vlshnu glves salvaLlon Lo Lhose people who endeavour Lo seek 8rahm Lhe AlmlghLy Cod
A man whose mlnd ls preoccupled wlLh Lhe LhoughL of Lord vlshnu and noLhlng else ls enLlLled
Lo aLLaln SalvaLlon Such a man ls also blessed by goddess Lakshml
uescrlblng abouL Lhe greaLness of uwadakshar manLra SuLa sald 1he sacred manLra conslsLs of
Lwelve leLLers CM nAMC 8PACAvA1L vASuuL vA?
1hls powerful manLra helps a man Lo achleve proxlmlLy wlLh Lord vlshnu
Cnce Lhere llved a brahmln who used Lo sLammer whlle Lalklng All hls efforLs of maklng hlm
speak dlsLlncLly wenL ln valn as Lhe chlld conLlnued Lo llsp When Lhe brahmln Lrled Lo Leach hls
son Lhe dwadakshar manLra he lncorrecLly pronounced vasudev as LLareva So Lhe chlld was
glven Lhe name LLareva 1he brahmln became dlsgusLed and marrled a second Llme Pe had
many sons from hls second wlfe all of whom were very sLudlous
LLarevas moLher used Lo curse her faLe because of hls hablL of sLammerlng Cne day she sald
Look! l am no more able Lo LoleraLe Lhe humlllaLlon of belng a moLher of a dull chlldLook aL
your sLepbroLhers who have achleved fame and respecL on accounL of Lhelr learnlng l have
declded Lo glve up my llfe LLareva became very sad Pe sLarLed chanLlng Lhe dwadashakshar
manLra regularly and as a resulL a day came when he could pronounce lL correcLly and wlLhouL
sLammerlng
Cne day LLareva happened Lo pass by a place where a yagya was belng performed As soon as he
reached LhaL place Lhe prlesLs found Lo Lhelr surprlse LhaL Lhey had become dumb All Lhe prlesLs
became resLless as Lhe rlLuals were sLlll lncompleLe Looklng aL Lhelr plLlable condlLlon LLareva
chanLed Lhe dwadakshar manLra CM nAMC 8PACAvA1L vASuuLvA? 1he prlesL
regalned Lhelr power of speech by Lhe vlrLue of Lhe flawless pronunclaLlon of Lhe manLra Such ls
Lhe greaLness of dwadakshar manLra LaLer on LLareva wenL on Lo become a renowned scholar A
person who chanLs Lhls sacred manLra regularly become llberaLed from all hls slns and aLLalns Lo
vlshnu LokSPAuAkSPA8 MAn18A
uescrlblng abouL Lhe greaLness of Shadakshar manLra LhaL conslsLs of slx leLLers SuLa sald
1he sacred manLra CM nAMAP SPlvA? holds a supreme place among all Lhe manLras
uurlng Lhe Meghavahan kalpa of Lhe flrsL 1reLa ?uga Lhere llved a brahmln named
uhoondhmook Pe became a llcenLlous person due Lo Lhe curse of a sage As a resulL he became
a man of loose moral conducL Pls wlfe gave blrLh Lo a chlld on Lhe lnausplclous day of
Amavasya 1he asLrologers predlcLed a very bleak fuLure for LhaL new born chlld
When Lhe chlld grew up he became noLorlous for hls slnful conducL uhoondhmook marrled hls
son ln a respecLable famlly buL hls son belng a man of loose characLer developed lnLlmacy wlLh a
woman belonglng Lo a low casLe Cne day uhoondhmook LhaL son developed sharp dlfferences
wlLh LhaL woman on some maLLer and ln a flL of range kllled her When Lhe famlly members of
LhaL woman came Lo know abouL her deaLh Lhey reLallaLed by kllllng uhoondhmook hls wlfe and
hls daughLerlnlaw Slnce uhoondhmooks son was noL presenL ln Lhe house aL LhaL Llme he
survlved Pe avenged Lhe deaLh of hls famlly members by kllllng Lhe assaslns now
uhoondhmooks son had become dlslllusloned wlLh llfe Pe sLarLed wanderlng almlessly and
reached a hermlLage 1he sage who llved ln LhaL hermlLage was a greaL devoLee of Lord Shlva and
LaughL hlm Lhe rlLuals of ashupaL vraLa as well as Lhe sacred Shodakshar manLra
uhoondhmooks son performed Lhe rlLuals of ashupaL vraL for Lwelve monLhs All Lhe whlle he
kepL on chanLlng Lhe Shadakshar manLra As Lhe resulL of hls devoLlon Lowards Lord Shlva and by
Lhe vlrLue of chanLlng Sadakshar manLra he as well as all hls ancesLors aLLalned salvaLlon
LC8u ASPuA1l
1he sages were curlous Lo know why Lord Shlva was also known as ashupaLl (lord of anlmals)
SuLa reLold Lhe same Lale whlch sage Shlladl had once narraLed Lo SanaLkumar
Cnce SanaLkumar wenL Lo Lhe hermlLage of Sage Shlladl and asked hlm as Lo why was Lord
Shankar also known as ashupaLl Pe also lnqulred abouL Lhe reason of mans ondages and how
could he be llberaLed from Lhem
Sage Shlladl replledAll Lhe llvlng belngs lncludlng Lord 8rahma have been referred Lo anlmals
because of Lhelr aLLachmenL Lo worldly deslres and lgnorance Lord Shlva belng Lhe lord of Lhem
ls also known as ashupaLl lL ls none oLher Lhan Lord vlshnu whose llluslonary and dlvlne
powers keep Lhem ln bondages lL ls also only lord vlshnu who llberaLes Lhem by besLowlng Lhe
knowledge of !nana ?oga
nobody can aLLaln salvaLlon wlLhouL Lhe blesslngs of Lord Shlva 1he noLhlng buL Lhe 24
elemenLs10 sense organs 4 Lype of consclousness 3 baslc elemenLs from whlch maLLer ls made
and 3 subLle forms of maLLer A person who worshlps Lord Shlva wlLh LoLal devoLlon becomes
llberaLed because devoLlon ls capable of desLroylng all Lypes of slns
1PL MA!LS1lC LC8u MAPLSPWA8Lord Maheshwar ls beyond Lhe reach lf any klnd of bondage Pe ls
LoLally llberaLed enLlLy lL ls
only by hls blesslngs LhaL Lhe naLurerakrlLl creaLes lnLelllgencebuddhl Slmllarly lnLelllgence
creaLes egoahamkara and subLle forms of maLLerLanmaLra creaLes Lhe greaLesL of maLLer by Lhe
blesslngs of Lord Shlva no word can descrlbe Lhe greaLness of Lord ShlvalL ls only wlLh Lhe
permlsslon of Lord Maheshwar LhaL our sense organs funcLlon Lhe flre burns and all Lhe llvlng
belngs fulflll Lhelr respecLlve duLles Lord Shlva ls Lhe AlmlghLy Cod and goddess arvaLl ls also
called Shlva Pe ls Lhe urusha and she ls Lhe naLure or rakrlLl 1he maLLer derlves lLs power
from goddess Caurl LveryLhlng LhaL ls capable of creaLlng ls noLhlng buL Lhe form of uma 1he
whole unlverse ls esLabllshed ln Lhe form of Shlvallnga and hence everybody musL worshlp Lord
Shlva
1PL Sun MAnllLS1A1lCn Cl SPlvAS CWL8
Lord Shlva manlfesLs hlmself ln Lhe form of Sun 1he Sun radlaLes Lwelve dlfferenL Lypes of rays
whlch have speclflc lmpacLs and lnfluences on Lhe world
1he flrsL ray ls called AmrlL and Lhe delLles derlve Lhelr power from lL 1he second ray ls called
Chandra and lL helps ln Lhe preservaLlon of medlclnal herbs 1he Lhlrd ray ls called Shukla and lL
helps ln Lhe propagaLlon of rellglousness ln Lhe world lL also helps Lhe food crops Lo become
rlpe 1he fourLh ray ls Parlkesha and all Lhe consLellaLlons geL Lhelr nourlshmenL from lL 1he
flfLh ray ls called vlshwakarma and lL glves Lhe planeL mercury
1he slxLh ray ls called Sanyadwasu and lL nurLures Lhe planeLMars 1he sevenLh ray ls called
Arvavasu and lL nurLures Lhe planeL !uplLer 1he elghLh ray ls called SuraL and lL nurLures Lhe
planeL SaLurn 1he nlneLh ray ls called Susumana and lL nuLures Lhe moon
SPlvA 1A1vA
1he learned and sages call Shlva by many names ksheLragya rakrlLl vyakLa kalaLma eLc
1he synonyms of ksheLragya and rakrlLl are urusha and radhan respecLlvely1he deluslonary
neL of Lhe rakrlLl ls known as vyakLa (apparenL) kala (Llme) ls Lhe resulLanL by producL of
radhan and vyakLa Some sages call Plranyagarbha (8rahma) as Lhe urusha and Shlva as
radhan 1hey conslder Plranyagarbha Lo be Lhe creaLor and urusha Lo be Lhe en[oyer Lven
Lhese sages are of Lhe oplnlon LhaL Plranyagarbho radhan urusha and en[oyer are Lhe
manlfesLaLlons of Shlva
1PL C8LA1nLSS Cl SPlvA
1he almlghLy Shlva manlfesLed ln Lhe form of SLhanu (lllar) from hls lmpercepLlble form and
looked aL Lord 8rahma Lord 8rahma Lhen commenced hls creaLlon and esLabllshed Lhe norms of
varna ashrama Pe also creaLed Soma whlch ls requlred for Lhe performance of ?agya 1hls
world lncludlng all Lhe delLles are Lhe embodlmenLs of Soma 1he delLles euloglze Lord Shlva by
chanLlng Lhe manLras of 8udrashLadhyayCnce Lord Shlva was slLLlng surrounded by all Lhe delLles Cn
belng requesLed by Lhe delLles Lo
shed llghL on hls mysLerlous self Lord Shlva sald
l was presenL before Lhe beglnnlng of Llme and l wlll be presenL forever LveryLhlng orlglnaLe
from me and geL submerged ln me ulLlmaLely l am Lhe Lord of 8rahma l am Lhe LruLh lLself l
manlfesL myself ln Lhe forms of 8lgveda Samaveda ?a[urveda and ALharvaveda l am Lhe llghL
as well as Lhe darkness l am 8rahma vlshnu and Mahesh Cne who ls aware of my
omnlpresence ls Lhe only person who ls worLhy of belng called an enllghLened one
1hls way afLer enllghLenlng Lhe delLles on hls myssLerlous self Lord Shlva dlsappeared
1PL lMC81AnCL Cl Cu8u
A devoLee should commence Lhe worshlp of Lord Shlva only afLer Laklng permlsslon from hls
Curu Cnly such a person ls worLhy of belng called a Curu who ls vlrLuous and well versed ln Lhe
scrlpLure
A dlsclple should unwaverlng by be ln Lhe servlce of hls Curu and should Lry Lo please hlm by
hls devoLlon because only he (Curu) ls capable of llberaLlng hlm from Lhe mlserles of world A
guru should Lry Lo LesL Lhe worLhlness of hls dlsclple by employlng dlfferenL means for Lhree
years Cnce Lhe Curu has accepLed a person as hls dlsclple he should Lry Lo lmparL all Lhe
knowledge Lo hlm Pe should never dlscrlmlnaLe on Lhe baslc of casLe or creed of a dlsclple lL ls
Lhe duLy of a Curu Lo make hls dlsclple desLlLuLe of flaws and shorLcomlngs
1PL 8l1uALS Cl lnl1lA1lCn
8efore commenclng Lhe rlLuals of lnlLlaLlon Lhe Curu should purlfy Lhe place where Lhe rlLes are
supposed Lo be performed Pe should make an aLLar and draw an elghLpeLalled loLus aL lLs cenLer
Pe should Lhen esLabllsh Lhe varlous embodlmenLs of Shlva llke Aghor ranav vamadeva on
each of Lhe elghL peLals 1he Curu should Lhen purlfy all Lhe dlrecLlons by chanLlng dlfferenL
manLras Pe should Lhen medlLaLe on Lhe form of Lord Shlva AfLer LhaL he should make offerlngs
ln Lhe sacrlflclal flre and purlfy hlmself by dolng achaman Pe should Lhen have anchagavya as
prasadam and smear ashes on hls body
1he Curu should lnsLrucLed hls old dlsclples Lo slL Lowards Lhe souLh of alLar Pe should make
offerlngs of ghee lnLo Lhe sacrlflclal flre for 108 Llmes amldsL Lhe chanLlng of Aghor manLra 1he
new dlsclple Lhen arrlve bllndfolded and clrcumambulaLe Lhe sacrlflclal alLar for Lhree Llmes
Whlle clrcumambulaLlng everybody should chanL elLher Lhe manLras of 8udrashLadhyay or
Cmkar manLra 1he new dlsclple Lhen smear ashes on Lhelr bodles amldsL Lhe chanLlng of Aghor
manLra 1he Curu Lhen sprlnkles holy waLer on Lhe new dlsclples ln Lhe end Lhe dlsclple Lakes a
rellglous vow l shall never have food wlLhouL worshlpplng Shlva 1hls way Lhe rlLual of
lnlLlaLlon comes Lo an end
lnS1ALLA1lCn Cl SPlvALlnCAuescrlblng abouL Lhe meLhods of lnsLalllng a Shlvallnga SuLa says A
devoLee should lnsLall a
Shlvallnga made of elLher gold sllver or copper 1he shlvallnga should be lnsLalled along wlLh
Lhe alLar 1he alLar of Lhe Shlvallnga symbollzes goddess uma Lord 8rahma ls sald Lo manlfesL
aL Lhe base of Shlvallnga whlle Lord vlshnu aL lLs cenLer AfLer Lhe lnsLallmenL of Shlvallnga lL
should be worshlpped wlLh approprlaLe rlLuals 1he Shlvallnga should be adorned wlLh cloLhes
and lLs abluLlon should be performed
A devoLee should chanL Lhe 8rahma vlgyan manLras for Lhe consecraLlon of Lord 8rahma who ls
supporLed Lo manlfesL aL Lhe base of Shlvallnga Slmllarly for Lhe consecraLlon of Lord vlshnu
dwelllng aL Lhe cenLer of Shlvallnga CayaLrl aL Lhe cenLer of Lord Shlva ls consecraLed by Lhe
chanLlng of any of Lhe followlng manLras
CM nAMAP SPlvA? nAMC PAnSA SPlvA? CPA
A devoLee should Lhen worshlp Lhe Shlvallnga and make offerlngs ln Lhe sacrlflclal flre
vA!8LSPWA8l vlu?A
1he sages requesLed SuLa Lo elaboraLe upon Lhe rlLuals of va[ravahanlka vldya or va[reshwarl
vldya SuLa replled Anybody who ls deslrous of vanqulshlng hls enemy musL perform Lhe
rlLuals of va[reshwarl vldya 1he devoLee should worshlp va[ra (a spear) and make offerlngs ln
Lhe sacrlflclal flre holdlng lL (va[ra) ln hls hand 1he followlng manLra should be chanLed whlle
maklng offerlngs
CM 8Pu88PuvAP SWAP 1A1SAvl1u8 vA8Ln?AM 8PA8CC uLvAS?A uPlMAPl
uPl?C ?CnAP 8ACPCuA?A1
CM PA1 !APl PCCM PA1 CPPlnuPl MlnuPl!APl PAn PAn SWAPA
ln Lhe pasL Lord 8rahma had LaughL Lhls secreL vldya Lo lndra wlLh Lhe help of whlch he had
kllled Lhe feroclous demon vrlLrasur A man can acqulre all Lhe Lypes of supernaLural powers
wlLh Lhe help of va[reshwarl vldya uescrlblng abouL Lhe rlLuals of MrlLyun[ay !apa SuLa sald
A person who chanLs MrlLyun[ay manLra wlLh approprlaLe rlLuals becomes free from Lhe fear of
deaLh A devoLee ls requlred Lo make offerlngs of ghee ln Lhe sacrlflclal flre for one lakh Llmes
lnsLead of ghee he can also make offerlngs of ghee and sesame seeds or dhoob grass ghee mllk
and honey
ulllL8Ln1 1?LS Cl ?CCA
1he sages asked SuLa as Lo how should a devoLee medlLaLe on Lord 1rlyambak followlng Lhe paLh
of ?oga SuLa Lhen reLold Lhe Lale whlch Mandlshwar had once narraLed Lo SanaLkumar
1 1he flrsL Lype of ?oga ls called ManLra ?oga ln Lhls Lype of yoga a devoLee Lrles Lo aLLaln deep
sLaLe of medlLaLlon by chanLlng manLras 1he chanLlng of manLras helps a man Lo concenLraLe hls
mlnd2 1he second Lype of ?oga ls known as Sparsh ?oga ln Lhls Lype of yoga a man acqulres
perfecLlon ln breaLhconLrol by consLanLly pracLlclng varlous exerclses llke 8echak (exhalaLlon)
kumbhak (reLenLlon) eLc 1hese exerclses help Lo purlfy Lhe nerves and blood vessels
3 1he Lhlrd Lype of yoga ls known as 8hava ?oga 1hls ls Lhe sLaLe ln whlch a persons mlnd ls
LoLally engrossed ln Lhe LhoughLs of Lord Mahadeva 1hls sLaLe of mlnd can noL be aLLalned unless
Lhe Lwo former Lypes of yoga have been masLered
4 1he fourLh Lype of ?oga ls called Abhavayoga When a man has masLered Lhls parLlcular yoga
hls ego ls subdued ln LoLallLy
3 1he flfLh Lype of yoga ls called Maha yoga lL helps a man Lo undersLand hls real self and geL
unlLed wlLh Lhe supreme AlmlghLy 1he secreL of ?oga should be revealed Lo worLhy dlsclples
who are vlrLuous and rellglous
1hls way SuLa descrlbed Lhe dlvlne Lales of Llnga urana and blessed Lhe sages 1he Llnga
urana conLalns eleven Lhousand shlokas ln lL 1he sLudy of Llnga urana fulfllls all Lhe four
worldly asplraLlons of a man uharma ArLha kam and MokshalL also helps a man Lo aLLaln
salvaLlon
Pome
12 nA8AuA u8AnA
CPA1L8 CnL 1ALk 8L1WLLn Su1A Anu SACLS
ln nAlMlSPA8An?A
Cnce upon a Llme abouL LwenLyslx Lhousand sages assembled ln Lhe holy amblence of
nalmlsharanya All of Lhem had renounced Lhelr deslres and homely comforLs and were
worshlpplng Lord vlshnu for Lhe beneflL of Lhe enLlre humanlLy
uurlng Lhelr sLay ln nalmlsharanya Lhose sages called a huge assembly Lo dlscuss abouL Lhe
means of aLLalnlng all Lhe four goals of llfe llke uharma ArLha kama and Moksha 1he greaL
sage Shaunak was presldlng over Lhe assembly Pe sald C sages! We have assembled here Lo
dlscuss Lhe mosL crypLlc dlsclpllnes of llfe 8uL lL ls beyond my powers Lo answer Lhe quesLlons
you have puL before me Cnly a greaL sage llke SuLa who ls Lhe mosL learned dlsclple of veda
vyasa ls able Lo answer Lhese quesLlons resenLly he llves ln a hermlLage ln SlddhlpeeLh LeL us
all go Lhere and requesL hlm Lo preach us abouL Lhe crypLlc dlsclpllnes of llfe Pearlng Lhese
words all Lhe sages Lhanked Shaunak wlLh [oy 1hen led by Shaunak hlmself all of Lhem
reached Lhe hermlLage of Lhe sage SuLa AL Lhe hermlLage sage SuLa welcomed Lhem all and
saLlsfled Lhelr querles Pe sald
C greaL sages! l narraLe Lo you Lhe greaL urana whlch was once narraLed by Lhe greaL salnL
SanaLkumar Lo uevarshl narada and now known as narada uranaCPA1L8 2 nA8AuA 8A?S 1C
LC8u vlSPnu
Shaunak says SuLa how dld SanaLkumar unfold Lhe mysLlc characLer of Lhe rellglon Lo narada?
When and where Lhey had Lhe meeLlng Lo hold Lhls plous dlscusslon? klndly Lell us ln deLall
SuLa says 1he greaL sage SanaLkumar who was free from llluslons was Lhe creaLlon of
8rahmas lmaglnaLlon Pe always remalned engrossed ln Lhe worshlp of 8rahma Cnce he was
golng Lowards Lhe peaks of Lhe mlghLy Meru MounLalns (Plmalayas) when on Lhe way he
happened Lo slghL Lhe sacred Canges Pe was abouL Lo Lake a dlp ln Lhe waLers when uevarshl
narada also arrlved Lhere uevarshl narada greeLed hls elder broLher and Look baLh ln Lhe rlver
AfLer carrylng ouL usual rlLuals Lhey seaLed Lhere and sLarLed a dlscusslon abouL Lhe vlrLues of
Lord vlshnu uevarshl narada asked C broLher! Pow can one reallze Lhe Lord vlshnu? Who
ls Lhe cause of Lhls whole creaLlon? WhaL ls Lhe appearance of devoLlon knowledge and penance?
klndly elaboraLe Lhe mysLery of LreaLlng Lhe guesLs also Also Lell me how dld Lord vlshnu
effecLed Lhe orlgln of 8rahma and oLher gods?
SanaLkumar says ln Lhe beglnnlng of creaLlon Lhe selflllumlnaLlng Lord vlshnu creaLed 8rahma
from Pls rlghL hand slde 8udra from Pls cenLral parL and vlshnu hls own repllca from Pls lefL
hand slde As Lord vlshnu ls omnlpresenL slmllarly hls llluslons are also omnlpresenL and
known wlLh dlfferenL names llke Lakshml uma ShakLl and Chandl 1hese are Lhe powers of
Lord vlshnu Some people ldenLlfy Lhese powers wlLh Lhe llluslons creaLed by Lhe Lord whereas
Lhe sages regard Lhem as naLure
1he gods who proLecL Lhe world are urusha and Lhe Supreme 8elng who ls above Lhese levels
ls Lord nobody else ls greaLer Lhan Pe ls lrom Pls navel even 8rahma has orlglnaLed on a
dlvlne loLus Pe ls Lhe Supreme 8elng Lhe eLernal [oy lncorporaLlng all Lhe Lhree vlrLues
C narada! llve senses slghLs sound scenL Louch and LasLe have orlglnaLed from Lhe ego Lgo ls
Lhe orlgln of oLher eleven senses also 1hese flve senses ln Lurn gave rlse Lo flve physlcal
elemenLs eLher alr flre waLer and earLh lL was afLer Lhe creaLlon of Lhese flve physlcal elemenLs
LhaL 8rahma creaLed Lhe lower llvlng belngs 1hen he creaLed human belngs followed by Lhe
creaLlon of all Lhe seven worlds and seven guards of Lhese seven worlds lor Lhe lnhablLaLlon of
Lhe llvlng belngs 8rahma also creaLed greaL mounLalns plalns and seven seas
1owards Lhe norLh of Lhe greaL sallne sea and Lowards Lhe souLh of Lhe greaL Plmalayas ls slLuaLed
Lhe Poly Land of lndla eople who worshlp Lord Shlva and Lord vlshnu lnhablL Lhls land
8ecause of Lhelr vlrLues even Lhe gods worshlp Lhe people who populaLe Lhe lndlan landmass
1hose lgnoranL people who do noL seek salvaLlon desplLe havlng been born ln lndla have Lo
suffer Lhe LorLures of hell as long as Lhe Sun and Lhe Moon shlne ln Lhe sky 1he whole world
from 8rahma Lo a seemlngly unlmporLanL blade of grass ls Lhe manlfesLaLlon of vasudev (Lord
vlshnu)
CPA1L8 3 8CllLL Cl 1PL SACL MA8kAnuL?ASanaLkumar says C sage! lalLh has Lhe greaLesL
slgnlflcance AchlevemenL of everyLhlng and
appeasemenL of Lord vlshnu depend upon Lhe falLh noLhlng ls aLLalnable wlLhouL falLh Such as
a human belng faces lnerLla ln Lhe absence of llfe and ls rendered moLlonless Slmllarly falLh ls
llke a splrlLual llghL wlLhouL whlch rellglous acLlons of a man come Lo cease Slmllarly devoLlon
ls also known as Lhe llfe of all Lhe achlevemenLs lL ls also Lhe glver of four supreme goals of llfe
llke uharma ArLha kama and Moksha no acLlon succeeds wlLhouL Lhe lnpuL of devoLlon and
falLh Lven Lhe menlal [obs done wlLh falLh glves everlasLlng resulLs Cn Lhe conLrary even Lhe
plous acLlons of envlous people go fuLlle ALLalnmenL of Cod by envlous people ls lmposslble
Lnvy ls Lhe greaLesL enemy of Lhe human belng lL creaLes a gap as blg as Lhe one LhaL separaLes
Lhe sky from Lhe neLher world C 8rahmanandan! Cnly Lhose people who remaln engrossed ln
falLhful devoLlon of Cod aLLaln Lo Lhe abode of vlshnu lallen are Lhose who desplLe havlng Lhe
knowledge of vedas do noL comply wlLh Lhe moral code of conducL of Lhelr clan nelLher vedas
nor even devoLlon can save such people ln oLher words moral conducL ls everyLhlng C greaL
sage! uevoLlon ls llke moLher who ls Lhe base of llfe for every llvlng belng
C narada! Company of Lhe plous people and Lhe salnLs ls Lhe besL means Lo cherlsh devoLlon
SalnLs are Lhe Leachers of Lhe enLlre world When Lhe slns LhaL have been accumulaLlng all
LhroughouL Lhe prevlous blrLhs decay only when one geLs plous company and Lhose who once geL
plous company experlences eLernal [oy
narada says C greaL devoLee of Lord vlshnu! klndly relaLe Lhe acLlons and appearance of Lhe
Lords devoLees Lo me
SanaLkumar says uurlng Lhe perlod of ralaya when all Lhe world was lnundaLed Lord vlshnu
was sleeplng on a 8anyan leaf 1haL scene had amazed Markandeya Lhe supreme devoLee of Lhe
Lord
1he sages asked When all Lhe world was lnundaLed how dld Markandeya escape? SuLa klndly
remove our doubL
SuLa says C greaL sages! now l am golng Lo narraLe Lhe Lale of Markandeya LlsLen Lo lL
carefully
Cnce upon a Llme Lhere llved a forLunaLe sage ln Lhe plous land of lndla 1he sage was famous as
Mrlkandu Pe had observed a very severe penance aL Lhe holy pllgrlmage cenLer of Shallgram
Pls penance began Lo cause worry for lndra So accompanled by oLher gods lndra reached Lo
Lord vlshnu who was resLlng on Sheshnag ln ksheersagar Lhe ocean of mllk 1he gods prayed
Lhe Lord Lo proLecL Lhem from Lhe radlance of Mrlkandu LlsLenlng Lo Lhe prayers offered by Lhe
gods Lord vlshnu appeared ln Pls fourarmed form holdlng conch wheel mace and loLus ln
each of Lhose arms Pls radlance was enough Lo beaL Lhe shlne of crore Suns Pls radlance caused
Lremendous [oy for Lhe gods who fell flaL aL Lhe feeL of Lhe Lord
Lord says C gods! CeL up l am fully aware abouL your mlserles 8uL your worrles are
meanlngless because Maharshl Mrlkandu ls really a genLleman Pe ls noL golng Lo harm you ln
any way Lven lf Lhe slLuaLlon arlses l am always ready Lo proLecL you Saylng Lhese words Lhe Lord
dlsappeared 1hus assured by Lhe Lords words Lhe gods also reLurned Lo Lhelr abode Cn
Lhe oLher hand pleased by Mrlkandus penance Lord appeared before hlm As soon as Mrlkandu
opened hls eyes he saw Lord vlshnu sLandlng before hlm Lords fourarmed blue and radlanL
appearance caused greaL exhllaraLlon for Mrlkandu Pe fell flaL aL Pls feeL and prayed Plm wlLh
Learful eyes leased wlLh hls prayers Lord asked Mrlkandu Lo seek a boon 8uL Mrlkandu
refused saylng LhaL he had aLLalned salvaLlon [usL by havlng Pls slghL SLlll Lord sald LhaL Pls
appearance never goes ln valn So l wlll be your son who wlll llve a long llfe CranLlng Lhls
boon Lhe Lord dlsappeared
CPA1L8 4 1ALL Cl 1PL SACL MA8kAnuL?A
narada says C greaL sage! Why dld Lord vlshnu appear as Lhe son of Mrlkandu? WhaL dld Pe
do as hls son? 1he uranas say LhaL durlng Lhe ralaya Markandeya had wlLnessed Lhe dlrecL
appearance of Lord vlshnus llluslon klndly narraLe Lhese Lhlngs ln deLall
SanaLkumar says LlsLen C uevarshl! AfLer observlng severe penance Lhe sage Mrlkandu goL
marrled and recelved an equally vlrLuous and chasLe wlfe ln Lhe LenLh monLh afLer Lhelr marrlage
hls wlfe gave blrLh Lo an exLremely beauLlful baby 1he baby ln facL had lncorporaLed Lhe
radlance of Lhe Lord Mrlkandu carrled ouL all Lhe necessary rlLuals and consecraLlons of Lhe baby
happlly ln hls flfLh year he carrled ouL Lhe Lhread ceremony of hls son and sLarLed Lo educaLe hlm
ln vedas Pls educaLlon developed all Lhe plous vlrLues ln hls son whom he had named
Markandeya AfLer flnlshlng hls educaLlon sage Markandeya also sLarLed a severe penance Lo
please Lord vlshnu
leased by hls penance Lord vlshnu blessed hlm wlLh a boon of creaLlng urana SamhlLa 1hls
ls Lhe reason why Lhe sage Markandeya ls also known as narayan C 8rahmlns! Lord vlshnu dld
noL annlhllaLe Markandeya durlng Lhe ralaya only Lo show hlm Pls llluslons lL was due Lo Lhls
grace LhaL Markandeya survlved Lhe ralaya and passed LhaL Llme floaLlng on a 8anyan leaf As
long as Lhe Lord slepL Markandeya kepL floaLlng on LhaL leaf As long as Lhe nlghL of Lhe Lord
lasLed Markandeya sLayed on LhaL fllmsy leaf AL Lhe end of Lhe nlghL when Lhe lnundaLlng
ralaya receded and Lhe Lord awakened from Pls prolonged sleep Pe began Lhe work of
creaLlon agaln lL was even more amazlng for Markandeya Lo see Lhe lnundaLlng waLer recede and
new creaLlon Laklng place Pe began Lo pray Lhe Lord wlLh folded hands leased by hls prayers
Lhe Lord sald LhaL Pe always proLecLed Pls devoLees even durlng Lhe mosL severe crlses
Markandeya Lhen asked abouL Lhe appearance of Lhe Lrue devoLees of Lhe Lord Pe also expressed
hls curloslLy Lo know Lhe reasons of Lhelr blrLh
Lord vlshnu says C greaL among Lhe sages! 1he greaLesL devoLees are Lhose who do noL harm
oLhers wlLh Lhelr mlnd words and acLlons and who are free from envy 1hose who have lmparLlal
vlew are besL among Lhe devoLees 1hose who proLecL Lhe human belngs cows 8rahmlns
vegeLaLlon and remaln engrossed ln dlscusslon of Lords vlrLues 1hose who saluLe Lhe garden of
basll and puL Lhe earLh from baslls rooLs on Lhelr heads Lhose who are beloved Lo Lord Shlva puL
1rlpund on Lhelr forehead and worshlp Plm performlng ?agyas faclng souLh 1hose who always
donaLe waLer and cereals cows and daughLers are Lhe excellenL among all Lhe devoLees C greaL
sage! 1hese are some of Lhe characLerlsLlcs of a Lrue devoLee Cherlsh Lhese characLerlsLlcs and
you wlll also aLLaln salvaLlon ln Lhe lasL 1hus preachlng Lord vlshnu dlsappeared Markandeya
LhereafLer led a plous llfe and observed penance and ln Lhe lasL he Loo aLLalned Lo Lhe
supreme abode of Lhe Lord
CPA1L8 3 1PL C8LA1nLSS Cl 1PL CAnCLS
SuLa says 1he glorlous descrlpLlon of devoLlon for Lord vlshnu caused exLreme [oy for
narada
narada says C greaL sage SanaL! now klndly Lell me abouL such a place of pllgrlmage whlch ls
even holler Lhan Lhe hollesL places of pllgrlmage
SanaLkumar says C narada! Confluence of Canga and ?amuna ls Lhe holler Lhan any oLher place
of pllgrlmage 1he exLremely sacred and plous Canga rlses from Lhe feeL of none oLher Lhan Lord
vlshnu ?amuna on Lhe oLher hand ls Lhe daughLer of Surya Lven Lhe remembrance of Canga ls
enough Lo do away wlLh all Lhe slns and maklng one peaceful
1hls place where Canga and ?amuna merge ls famous as rayag ln Lhe world lL ls Lhe same
place where 8rahma had once lnvoked Lord vlshnu ln a ?agya Slnce Lhen lnnumerable sages
have followed 8rahma and performed dlfferenL klnds of ?agyas Lhere Lven a person who reclLes
Lhe name of Canga hundred mlles from rayag aLLalns salvaLlon Smear Lhe sand of Cangas bank
on Lhe forehead ls llke ln a way bearlng Lhe crescenL shaped Moon on Lhe head 1hose who
remember Canga recelve Lhe beneflL of performlng pllgrlmage Lo all Lhe holy places Among
oLher places of pllgrlmage varanasl has almosL equal slgnlflcance Lo LhaL of rayag C 8rahmln!
Canga ls Lhe moLher of Lhe enLlre world Mere Louch of her sacred waLers saved Lhe slxLy
Lhousand sons of Sagar no one can descrlbe Lhe greaLness of Canga
CPA1L8 6 lA1L Cl klnC 8APu
narada says C greaL sage who ln Lhe dynasLy of Sagar recelved salvaLlon from reLa 8hava
Who was Sagar? klndly narraLe hls whole sLory Lo me
SanaLkumar says Long ago Lhere occurred a klng named 8ahu ln Lhe dynasLy of Surya Pe was
very rellglous ln naLure and looked afLer hls sub[ecLs llke hls own offsprlng Lveryone was happy
ln hls klngdom whlch he ruled wlLh pollLy and [usLlce
8uL desLlny was playlng anoLher game for Lhe klng WlLh Llme evlls llke envy and ego began Lo
rlse ln Lhe mlnd of 8ahu Pe began Lo Lhlnk LhaL nobody else was as rellglous as he was 1hese
evlls ln Lurn caused Lhe klng Lo lncllne Lowards sensual pleasures C narada! An unconsclous
mlnd ls Lhe greaLesL cause of desLrucLlon Lveryone even Lhe beLLer half beglns Lo nurLure
hosLlllLy agalnsL such a person So Lhe same Lhlng happened wlLh Lhe klng 8ahu Many
nelghbourlng klngs LogeLher launched a masslve aLLack on Lhe klngdom of 8ahu and defeaLed
hlm afLer a monLhlong flerce baLLle AfLer hls defeaL Lhe klng 8ahu lefL hls klngdom and began Lo
wander along wlLh hls queens AL
lasL he came Lo sLay beslde a blg lake Lven Lhe local lnhablLanLs and lower creaLures hld seelng
Lhe klng approach Pls sub[ecLs Loo had losL Lhelr sympaLhles for hlm
now Lhe llfe of Lhe klng was noL more Lhan Lhe deaLh So repenLlng hls condlLlon klng 8ahu meL
hls deaLh ln Lhe presence of Lhe sage Aurv AL LhaL Llme hls youngesL queen was expecLlng an
lssue AfLer her husbands deaLh she declded Lo commlL SaLl 8uL Lhe sage Aurv prevenLed her
convlnclng LhaL her would be son would en[oy more popularlLy Lhan hls faLher had 8esldes
noLhlng ls more wreLched Lhan kllllng an unborn baby 1hus convlnclng Lhe queen wlLh all
means sage Aurv gulded Lhe queens Lo perform cremaLlon of her husband and oLher rlLuals
Slnce Lhen boLh Lhe queens began Lo llve ln Lhe hermlLage of sage Aurv
CPA1L8 7 1PL 8l81P Cl SACA8
SanaLkumar says C narada! 8oLh Lhe queens were passlng Lhelr Llme ln Lhe hermlLage of sage
Aurv When half of Lhe ralny season had passed Lhe elder queen began Lo culLlvaLe evll feellngs
for Lhe younger She Lherefore made decelLfully Lhe younger queen Lo consume polson 8uL Lhe
polson could noL affecL Lhe queen and her unborn baby because of Lhe vlrLues she had acqulred
servlng Lhe sage Aurv AfLer Lhree monLhs Lhe younger queen gave blrLh Lo a son Sage Aurv
carrled ouL necessary rlLuals and consecraLlons of Lhe chlld and named hlm Sagar because he was
born wlLh Lhe effecL of polson
Sagar began Lo grow ln Aurvs hermlLage 1he sage had sLarLed Lo Lraln Lhe boy ln weaponry Cne
day ouL of curloslLy Sagar asked hls moLher abouL hls faLher Pls moLher relaLed Lo hlm all Lhe
evenLs LhaL Look place wlLh hls faLher klng 8ahu her husband LlsLenlng Lo Lhe faLe of hls faLher
Sagar Look an oaLh Lo desLroy all Lhose who had caused mlsery Lo hls faLher ClrcumambulaLlng
hls Leacher Aurv and Laklng hls moLhers permlsslon Sagar aL once seL ouL on hls mlsslon Pls
flrsL halL was aL Lhe hermlLage of sage vashlshLa
Sagar narraLed Lhe whole Lhlng Lo Lhe sage vashlshLa Sage vashlshLa presenLed hlm wlLh a
number of dlvlne weapons and saw hlm off blesslng hlm wlLh a boon for vlcLory Armed wlLh
many dlvlne weapons and Lhe blesslngs of hls moLher and Leachers Sagar defeaLed even Lhe mosL
powerful enemles of hls faLher ln no Llme and esLabllshed hls rule over Lhe enLlre earLh 1he
defeaLed klngs Look asylum ln Lhe hermlLage of sage vashlshLa who assured Lhem Lo be fearless
Sples on Lhe oLher hand lnformed Sagar abouL Lhls developmenL Sagar aL once seL ouL Lo Lhe
hermlLage of vashlshLa wlLh an lnLenLlon of exLermlnaLlng Lhose klngs buL meanwhlle sage
vashlshLa had goL all Lhe klngs shaven So assumlng LhaL hls enemles were dead Sagar
mocklngly sald Lo sage vashlshLa C sage! Why are you guardlng Lhese characLerless creaLures?
l wlll noL spare Lhelr llves
vashlshLa says C son! ?ou are greaL now llsLen Lo me carefully for your beneflL l have
already kllled your enemles so you wlll noL galn anyLhlng kllllng Lhem agaln C klng! 1hls
physlcal body ls Lhe rooL of all Lhe slns ?ou wlll noL recelve popularlLy kllllng Lhe physlcal body
So glve Lhls maLLer a llLLle LhoughL before kllllng Lhem 1he words of sage vashlshLa sooLhed
Sagars anger 1hereafLer sage vashlshLa carrled ouL Lhe coronaLlon of Sagar 1he klng Sagar had Lwo
wlves keshlnl and SumaLl 1hey boLh were Lhe daughLers of vldharbas
klng kashyapa When sage Aurv heard abouL Sagars coronaLlon he vlslLed hls palace and
reLurned afLer preachlng hlm Some monLhs laLer wlLh a deslre of havlng sons boLh Lhe queens
secreLly summoned sage Aurv once agaln and recelved Lhe Lallsman for havlng sons MedlLaLlng
for a whlle Lhe sage Aurv sald C forLunaLe ones! Cne of you wlll recelve a son who wlll
conLlnue hls progeny ln fuLure and Lhe oLher wlll have slxLy Lhousand powerful sons
1he sage also advlsed Lhem Lo seek Lhe boon of Lhelr respecLlve cholces WlLh Llme keshlnl gave
blrLh Lo one son Asman[as who grew ln a whlmslcal person SumaLl gave blrLh Lo slxLy Lhousand
sons who were very obedlenL lnlLlally buL followlng Asman[as Lhey Loo began Lo behave
whlmslcally Asman[as had one son Anshuman who was very obedlenL Lo hls grandfaLher SlxLy
Lhousand sons of Sagar soon began Lo LormenL all Lhe Lhree worlds erplexed by Lhelr aLroclLles
lndra appealed Lo Lhe sage kaplla Lo geL Lhem rld of Lhelr woes WlLh Lhe lnsplraLlon of Sage
kaplla Sagar organlzed an Ashwamedha ?agya lndra kldnapped Lhe horse of Lhe ?agya and
LeLhered aL Lhe hermlLage of sage kaplla When all Lhe slxLy Lhousand prlnces reached kapllas
hermlLage Lhey began Lo abuse hlm seelng Lhe horse Lhere lnfurlaLed kaplla aL once lnclneraLed
Lhem wlLh hls curse klng Sagar Lhen senL Anshuman ln search of hls slxLy Lhousand sons and
recovered Lhe horse Sage kaplla assured Anshuman LhaL hls grandson 8haglraLh would please
Canga Lo descend and save hls ancesLors
CPA1L8 8 SALvA1lCn Cl SAuuAS
narada says C greaL broLher! Why dld sage vashlshLa curse Saudas and how dld he recover
from Lhls curse by Lhe vlrLue of Lhe Canges waLers? SanaLkumar says C narada! Saudas was a
vlrLuous klng Pe ruled over hls sub[ecLs rellglously Pe was very fond of hunLlng So one day
he wenL on hunLlng ln Lhe foresL Pe conLlnued hls excurslon all day long 1owards evenlng he
reached aL Lhe bank of Codavarl and declded Lo pass Lhe nlghL Lhere ln Lhe nexL mornlng also he
began hls hunLlng excurslon one agaln uurlng Lhe hunLlng he spoLLed a deer and began Lo chase
lL Chaslng Lhe deer he reached Lhe core of Lhe foresL
1here Lhe klng saw a palr of Llgers copulaLlng Saudas was an experL archer Pe Lralned an arrow
and kllled Lhe Llgress ln [usL one shoL As soon as Lhe Llgress dled she assumed Lhe form of an
enormous ogress ueaLh of hls parLner lnfurlaLed Lhe Llger whlch was ln facL a monsLer ln
dlsgulse Pe declded Lo avenge Lhe deaLh of hls maLe Cn Lhe oLher hand Lhe whole evenL
frlghLened Lhe klng Pe held a hasLy parley wlLh hls mlnlsLers 1hey unanlmously Look a declslon
Lo glve up Lhe hunLlng forever
Long afLerwards klng Saudas organlzed an Ashwamedha ?agya ln Lhe ausplces of sage
vashlshLa AL Lhe compleLlon of ?agya sage vashlshLa wenL Lo Lake a baLh before Laklng hls
meal Meanwhlle Lhe monsLer appeared Lhere ln Lhe gulse of vashlshLa and expressed hls deslre
Lo eaL meaL 1hen ln Lhe gulse of Lhe cook Lhe monsLer cooked human flesh and served lL ln
golden bowls When sage vashlshLa arrlved Saudas offered hlm Lhe dlshes made of human flesh
lor a whlle vashlshLa LhoughL ln amazemenL buL soon he reallzed Lhe whole Lhlng lndlgnanLly
he cursed Lhe klng Lo become a maneaLlng demon1he klng Lrled Lo asserL hls lgnorance and sald ?ou
yourself had expressed your deslre Lo eaL
Lhe meaL WlLh hls dlvlne slghL sage vashlshLa learnL LhaL Lhe klng had been Lrlcked wlLh 8y
Lhen Lhe klng hlmself goL ready Lo curse Lhe sage ln reLallaLlon 8uL hls prudenL wlfe MadayanLl
sLopped hlm 1hus convlnced by Lhe queen Lhe anger of Saudas subslded 8uL he had Laken
waLer ln hls palm so Lhe problem arose where Lo dlspose lL off for lL was sure Lo burn anyLhlng lL
fell upon AfLer a llLLle conslderaLlon Lhe klng dropped LhaL waLer rlghL on hls feeL LhaL burnL
lmmedlaLely Slnce Lhen Lhe klng Saudas came Lo be known as kalmashpad Sage vashlshLa
Lhen consoled hlm vashlshLa says C klng! lmprudence ls Lhe rooL of all Lhe obsLacles and
crlses 8uL C klng! ?ou have no reason Lo be sorry ?our mlserles wlll end soon and you wlll
regaln your orlglnal radlance by Lhe vlrLue of Lhe Canges waLers Saylng Lhls sage vashlshLa
reLurned Lo hls hermlLage
1he whole body of Lhe klng had Lurned black Slnce Lhen he began Lo roam ln Lhe foresLs llke a
wlld anlmal 1here he aLe whaLever he foundanlmals blrds and even human belngs WlLhln slx
monLhs he devoured all Lhe anlmals ln one hundred ?o[an expanses of Lhe foresLs 1hen he
mlgraLed Lo anoLher area ln Lhe foresL Cne day ln Lhe gulse of a monsLer Saudas was wanderlng
ln a foresL on Lhe bank of narmada 1here he spoLLed a sage couple engaged ln carnal
con[ugaLlon Saudas aL once goL hold of Lhe sage and began Lo devour hlm
1he sages wlfe pleaded hlm Lo release her husband buL Saudas dld noL pay heed Lo her pleas and
devoured Lhe sage ln angulsh and anger Lhe 8rahmlnl cursed Saudas LhaL he would dle lf he
Lrled Lo copulaLe wlLh a woman and LhaL he would always remaln a monsLer lnfurlaLed Saudas
cursed her ln reLallaLlon C evll one! !usL one curse was sufflclenL Why dld you pour down Lwo
curses on me? Co and become a devll 1he 8rahmlnl aL once Lurned lnLo a devll AfLerwards
boLh of Lhem began Lo wander ln Lhe foresL Cne day Lhey reached Lo such parL of Lhe foresL
where anoLher monsLer was llvlng 1haL monsLer Loo had acqulred Lhe formldable appearance
because of noL obeylng hls Leacher Seelng Lhem Lhe monsLer enqulred abouL Lhe reasons of Lhelr
comlng Lo LhaL foresL 1hey narraLed Lhe whole Lhlng Lo hlm
Saudas says C frlend! Who are you? 1ell me whaL slns dld you commlLLed uo noL conceal
anyLhlng from your frlends
1he monsLer says 8efore acqulrlng Lhls appearance l was a 8rahmln and well versed ln all Lhe
vedas l llved ln Magadh Cne day bllnded by my knowledge and youLh l lnsulLed my Leacher
1haL ls Lhe reason of my acqulrlng Lhls monsLers appearance Slnce Lhen l have been eaLlng flesh
only and l do noL know how many 8rahmlns l have devoured so far SLlll my hunger ls
lnsaLlaLed C forLunaLe one! Pence l advlse each and everyone never Lo lnsulL Lhelr Leachers
Saudas says WhaL ls a Leacher? Who was your Leacher?
1he monsLer says C broLher! 1here are many klnds of Leachers buL l am Lelllng abouL Lhe mosL
revered ones All Lhe Leachers of vedas preachers of scrlpLures and manLras remover of doubLs
proLecLors wlfes faLher elder broLher moLhers broLher famlly prlesL and own moLher and faLher
fall ln Lhe caLegory of Leachers l had recelved preachlng abouL all Lhe rellglons from sage
CauLam whlle sLaylng on Lhe enchanLlng banks of Lhe Canges Cnce when l wenL Lo worshlp Shlva l dld
noL greeL hlm Sage CauLam dld noL mlnd my behavlor buL Lord Shlva Lurned me
lnLo a monsLer ouL of anger
1haL sorL of plous dlscusslon among Lhe monsLers aLLenuaLed Lhelr slns ln Lhe meanLlme a
8rahmln who had halled from kallnga (Crrlsa) arrlved Lhere carrylng Lhe holy waLer of Canges
1he monsLers requesLed Lhe 8rahmln Lo sprlnkle some of Lhe waLers over Lhem 1hey also
narraLed Lhe greaLness of Canges before Lhe 8rahmln leased wlLh Lhelr wllllngness and
appralsal of Canges Lhe 8rahmln sprlnkled some Canges waLer on Lhem 1he monsLer and Lhe
ogress resumed Lhelr dlvlne appearance buL Saudas remalned unchanged Pls worrles began Lo
mounL buL Lhe lnvlslble SaraswaLl consoled and advlsed hlm Lo reclLe Lhe Lords name Saudas
Lhen mlgraLed Lo varanasl where he conLlnuously reclLed Lhe Lords name and Look baLh ln Lhe
holy Canges 1hus he overcame Lhe curse of 8rahmlnl and reLurned Lo hls klngdom 1here sage
vashlshLa once agaln carrled ouL hls coronaLlon Slnce Lhen Saudas ruled hls klngdom Lhrough
rellglous means and aLLalned Lhe supreme abode of Lord vlshnu
CPA1L8 9 klnC 8ALl uLlLA1S 1PL CCuS
narada says C broLher! klndly narraLe Lhe Lale of Lhe Canges orlgln from Lhe feeL of lord
vlshnu
SanaLkumar says Long ago ln Lhe beglnnlng of creaLlon one sage kashyapa had Lwo wlves ulLl
and AdlLl 1hey boLh were Lhe daughLers of uaksha AdlLl was Lhe moLher of Lhe gods whlle ulLl
had glven blrLh Lo demons 1hus Lhe demons and Lhe gods were sLepbroLhers and foughL
accordlngly for Lhe power and presLlge uemons were elder Plranyakashyapa Lhe demon klng
was Lhe son of ulLl Pls son rahlada was a greaL devoLee of Lord vlshnu ln Lhe llneage of
rahlada occurred Lhe greaL klng 8all who was Lhe son of vlrochan
8all had conquered enLlre earLh and was now eyelng Lhe heaven 8all had Lwo mlnlsLers
kubhand and koopkarna and an equally prowesslve son 8an WlLh a huge army 8all launched a
masslve aLLack on heaven and soon a flerce baLLle broke ouL 1he baLLle lasLed for one Lhousand
years AL lasL Lhe gods losL Lhe heaven Lo Lhe demons and began Lo wander here and Lhere ln
search of solace uefeaLlng Lhe gods Lhe klng 8all organlzed many Ashwamedha ?agyas
leellng sorry for Lhe pllghL of her sons AdlLl began a severe penance on Lhe Plmalayas
CPA1L8 10 C8lCln Cl 1PL CAnCLS
narada says C broLher! ?ou narraLed a wonderful Lale now klndly relaLe Lo me how dld Lhe
Canges orlglnaLe?
SanaLkumar says C narada! leased wlLh Lhe severe penance of AdlLl Lord vlshnu appeared
before her and asked her Lo seek a boon leellng elaLed wlLh exhllaraLlon AdlLl fell flaL aL Lhe
Lords feeL She lnLlmaLed Lhe Lord abouL Lhe pllghL of her sons and soughL LhaL Pe should help
Lhem Lo regaln Lhe heaven wlLhouL kllllng Lhe demons for Lhey were also her sons Lhough sLep
leased by her lndlscrlmlnaLlon for her sLepsons Lord vlshnu assured AdlLl LhaL soon Pe would
arrlve as her son and save Lhe gods from Lhelr mlserles 1hen Lhe Lord presenLed AdlLl wlLh Pls garland
and dlsappeared ln due course of Llme AdlLl gave blrLh Lo a son who was holdlng a
conch a wheel a mace and a loLus ln each of hls four hands 1he chlld was named as vamana
Lven hls faLher sage kashyapa greeLed hlm wlLh respecL
8y Lhe Llme when Lhe Lhread ceremony was abouL Lo be carrled ouL for vamana klng 8all
organlzed a grand Ashwamedha ?agya ln Lhe ausplces of hls Leacher Shukracharya Lord vlshnu
Plmself had been lnvoked ln Lhe ?agya along wlLh Lakshml 1aklng hls parenLs permlsslon
vamana Loo arrlved aL Lhe slghL of Lhe ?agya WlLh Lhelr dlvlne slghL all Lhe sages who were
presenL Lhere recognlzed Lord vlshnu and felL exLreme [oy and greeLed Plm wlLh respecL Lven
Shukracharya undersLood Lhe moLlve of vamanas comlng Lhere Pe cauLloned 8all ln lsolaLlon
noL Lo granL any demand of vamana Pe also advlsed 8all Lo ablde by hls dlcLaLe or he would
have Lo face severe consequences
8uL lllumlned by Lhe desLlny klng 8all dld noL pay heed Lo Shukracharyas advlce and welcomed
vamana warmly and asked hlm Lo seek anyLhlng he wlshed vamana sald C klng! lf you wanL
Lo glve me someLhlng klndly granL me Lhree sLeps of land so LhaL l may carry ouL my ?agyas
smooLhly klng 8all Lrled Lo dlssuade vamana wlLh LempLaLlons of heavenly comforLs and oLher
luxurles 8uL vamana sLayed Lo hls demand LhaL he needed noLhlng else buL Lhree sLeps of land
for carrylng ouL ?agyas AL lasL 8all agreed Lo granL hls demand Pe requesLed vamana Lo pour
some waLer from Lhe kamandalu on hls palm so LhaL he could Lake a vow As Lhe lasL aLLempL Lo
prevenL 8all from maklng a vow Shukracharya assumed a mlnlaLure appearance and clogged Lhe
snouL of Lhe kamandalu 1he omnlsclenL Lord prlcked Lhe snouL wlLh a sharp sLem and prlcked
Shukracharyas one eye
1hereafLer Laklng some waLer on hls palm klng 8all proceeded Lo granL vamana Lhree sLeps of
land As soon as 8all granLed Lhe demand vamana assumed a glganLlc appearance and measured
Lhe enLlre earLh and heaven ln hls Lwo sLeps Whlle Lord vlshnu was measurlng Lhe unlverse lL
broke lnLo Lwo pleces wlLh Lhe lmpacL of Pls Loe WlLh Lhe Learlng of Lhe unlverse mllllons of
sLreams sprang ouL ln Lhe course of Lhelr flow Lhese sLreams merged lnLo a slngle mlghLler
sLream and sancLlfylng 8rahma and oLher delLles fell on Lhe mlghLy Sumeru MounLaln
(Plmalayas) As Lhere was no oLher room lefL for Lhe Lord Lo puL Pls Lhlrd sLep 8all presenLed
hls own head for Lhe purpose vamana puL hls Lhlrd sLep on 8alls head and pressed hlm down
lnLo Lhe hades
narada says C greaL sage! Pow dld Lhe Lord arrange for 8alls food ln Lhe neLher world?
SanaLkumar says CblaLlons offered wlLhouL hymns and alms glven Lo undeservlng person
consLlLuLe Lhe food for 8all 1hus Lhe Lord snaLched Lhe klngdom of heaven from 8all wlLhouL
any bloodshed and reLurned lL Lo Lhe gods
CPA1L8 11 uLllnl1lCn Cl uPA8MA
narada saysC greaL sage! l have [usL heard Lhe Lale of sacred Canges now klndly descrlbe
abouL Lhe people who deserve Lo Lake donaLlons SanaLkumar says C narada! 8rahmln ls consldered as
Lhe excellenL among all Lhe four casLes
Pence Lo make Lhe donaLlon frulLful one should donaLe Lo Lhe 8rahmlns only A 8rahmln can
accepL donaLlon candldly buL noL a valshya or a kshaLrlya Lven among 8rahmlns Lhere are
many caLegorles who do noL deserve Lo accepL donaLlon
1hese are 8rahmlns who pracLlce asLrology acL agalnsL Lhe rellglon who are greedy who sell
scrlpLures and oLher rellglous maLerlals who have relaLlons wlLh oLher women Lhan Lhelr wlves
who are envlous ungraLeful slnger who have characLerless wlfe who are soldlers prlesLs
harblnger cook poeL docLor who eaL meaL and cereals glven by a Shudra who carry ouL
cremaLlon and Lhe 8rahmlns who consume Lhe food glven by prosLlLuLes uonaLlon glven Lo all
Lhese Lypes of 8rahmlns go fuLlle 8esldes Lhese 8rahmlns who hablLually en[oy sensual
pleasures durlng slesLa who dlne durlng Lhe dusk who have been boycoLLed by Lhelr broLhers and
socleLy who have Laken blrLh llleglLlmaLely or afLer Lhe deaLh of Lhelr real faLher because of
dublous relaLlons of Lhelr moLher whose younger broLher have marrled earller and Lhose who are
always conLrolled by lusLy women who acL as plmps or remaln lndulged ln mean acLlvlLles also
do noL deserve donaLlon
uonaLlon spendlng Lo meeL necesslLles and wasLlng ln useless acLlvlLles are Lhe Lhree faLes of
wealLh A donaLlon made selflessly Lo a deservlng person on a requesL ls excellenL among all
klnds of donaLlons A donaLlon made wlLh some deslre ls medlocre whlle donaLlon glven as
sacrlflce ls of Lhe lowesL caLegory
SanaLkumar Lhen narraLed Lhe Lale of 8haglraLh and uharmara[
Cnce uharmara[ vlslLed Lhe klngdom of klng Sagar uharmara[ pralsed Sagar overLly WlLh
folded hands klng Sagar requesLed uharmara[ Lo preach hlm abouL rellglon and nonrellglon and
Lell hlm someLhlng abouL dlvlne worlds and hell uharmara[ saysC klng! rovldlng a 8rahmln
famlly or a vedapaLhl 8rahmln wlLh a means of susLenance ls Lhe mosL vlrLuous donaLlon
lnsplrlng oLhers Lo make donaLlon Lo such a 8rahmln ls also equally frulLful AparL from Lhese
dlgglng ouL reservolrs and malnLalnlng Lhem and lnsplrlng oLhers Lo do Lhe same Lhlng also bears
unendlng frulLs 1o corroboraLe hls polnL uharmara[ narraLed Lhe Lale of klng veerbhadrak and
hls mlnlsLer 8uddhlra[
CPA1L8 12 uLSC8l1lCn Cl 8LLlClCuS AC1lCn
uharmara[ says C klng! 1hose who bulld Lemples wlLh earLh sLay ln Lhe abode of vlshnu for
Lhree kalpas 1hen Lhey aLLaln 8rahmaloka Cne recelves double vlrLues lf he bullds a Lemple
wlLh wood 8ulldlng a Lemple wlLh brlcks and sLones glves fourfold vlrLue whlle wlLh Lhe
preclous sLones one geLs Lenfold vlrLues 8ulldlng of Lemple wlLh copper and gold glves hundred
fold and crore fold vlrLues 1hose who preserve Lemples and reservolrs recelve hundred Llmes
more vlrLues Lhan Lhe bullders do vlrLues of a rlch man donaLlng whole esLaLe and a poor person
donaLlng a yard of land are equal
C vlrLuous one! 1hose who develop gardens and parks also recelve same vlrLues 1hose who
preserve Lhem recelve more vlrLues Lhan Lhe developers Cne who planLs a basll sapllng saves hls
crores of ancesLors Slmllarly Lhose who baLhe Lhe Lords ldol wlLh mllk on uwadashl and oornamasl
save mllllons of Lhelr ancesLors 1hose who baLhe Lords ldol wlLh anchamrlL on
Lkadashl recelve everlasLlng [oy and salvaLlon Slmllarly Lhose who baLhe Lords ldol wlLh
coconuL mllk sugarcane [ulce and waLer conLalnlng flowers or fllLered waLer geL free from all
Lhelr slns Slmllarly Lhose who baLhe Lord vlshnus ldol durlng ecllpses or on ausplclous daLes
and con[ugaLlons recelve Lhe vlrLue of all Lhe ?agyas 1hose who baLhe Lord vlshnus and
Shlvas ldols wlLh coconuL mllk ghee honey and sesame oll on ausplclous daLes assume
respecLlve appearances of Lhese gods
1hose who worshlp Lord vlshnu and Shlva offerlng Lhem flowers of loLus andanus and
parLlcularly offer uhaLura Lo Lord Shlva aLLaln Lhelr respecLlve abodes Slmllarly donaLlon of
Cuggul (scenLed ralsln) lamp waLer and cereal bears lnexhausLlble frulLs vlrLues of donaLlng
land and mllch cow Lo a 8rahmln cannoL be descrlbed ln words lL ls Lhe case wlLh Lhe donaLlon
of knowledge Shallgram Shlvallnga horse buffalo elephanL or any oLher vehlcle 1hose who
arrange for Lhe cremaLlon of an orphaned 8rahmln recelve vlrLues equal Lo Lhousands of
Ashwamedha ?agyas 1hose who serve Lhe 8rahmln delLles or cow Lhose who play lnsLrumenLs
bell and blow conch or clap ln Lhe Lemple en[oy lnLlmacy wlLh dlvlne beauLles ln Lhe heaven for
flve kalpas 8lowlng of conch helps one aLLaln Lhe abode of vlshnu Lven Lhe remembrance of
Lord vlshnus name does away wlLh Lhe lmmlnenL crlses
CPA1L8 13 LxlA1lCn lC8 1PL SlnS
uharmara[ says C klng! l am now golng Lo narraLe abouL Lhe rellglon LlsLen Lo lL falLhfully lf a
person Louches or geLs Louched by an lmpure or lrrellglous Lhlng he should observe fasL for Lhree
days and slx nlghLs for explaLlon Pe should Lake baLh Lhrlce a day lf a 8rahmln defecaLes durlng
dlnlng he musL glve up hls food aL once and Lake waLer only 1hen he should observe a fasL for a
day and nlghL and close lL Laklng anchgavya only Lo geL pure agaln lf a person dlnes
lmmedlaLely afLer urlnaLlon or urlnaLes durlng dlnlng he musL observe a day and nlghL long fasL
and close lL wlLh Pavan 1hose women who do noL serve Lhelr husbands should be expelled from
Lhe home for a perlod of Lwelve years and should noL be helped ln any way durlng Lhe exlle
lmpurlLy resulLed because of Louchlng a woman ln menses Lakes fasL for Lhree nlghLs Lo geL
purlfled
uead body of a person who had commlLLed sulclde should be smeared wlLh sandalwood pasLe or
any oLher holy maLerlal lf a person escapes an aLLempL Lo sulclde a flne of Lwo hundred rupees
should be lmposed on hlm
1hose who dellberaLely eaL cereals of washers sklnners and oLher downLrodden classes and Lrlbes
or have llllclL conLacLs wlLh Lhelr women are requlred Lo observe Chandrayan fasL ln order Lo geL
pure lor Lhose who esLabllsh abhorrenL connecLlon wlLh Lhelr moLher slsLer or daughLer
selflmmolaLlon ls Lhe only way Lo explaLe 1hose who maLe wlLh Lhelr Leachers wlfe formal
observance of fasL ls requlred lf someone has kllled a pregnanL cow he musL explaLe for lL
observlng Chandrayan fasL separaLely for each of Lhe anlmals
Cne should noL use Lhe soll collecLed from ponds boLLom LermlLes mound mouse burrow
barren land road cremaLlon ground and ground used for defecaLlon purpose use of anchgavya
washes even Lhe mosL severe sln lf a second deaLh occurs ln Lhe famlly whlle Lhe purlflcaLlon perlod of
flrsL deaLh ls sLlll on separaLe purlflcaLlon ls noL requlred lll effecL of an aborLlon lasLs
for Lhree days AfLer marrlage a woman adopLs her husbands name Pence oblaLlon for a
marrled woman musL be offered by her son or someone belonglng Lo her husbands clan Ashes
musL be collecLed on Lhe flrsL second Lhlrd or fourLh day afLer Lhe cremaLlon Cne musL offer
waLery oblaLlons Lo hls dead ancesLors sLandlng ln naveldeep waLer faclng souLh
CPA1L8 14 1C81u8L ln 1PL PLLL
uharmara[ says C klng! 1hose who commlL severe sln on earLh are bound Lo suffer equally
severe LorLurlng ln hell l am now descrlblng abouL such slns and Lhe LorLures vouchsafed for
Lhem ln Lhe hells 1apan 8alukakumbh Maharaurav 8aurav kumbhlpak ramardan
Lalabhaksha vasakup and valLarnl are some of Lhe promlnenL hells urlnklng of urlne ln a dlLch
full of feces eaLlng of canlne flesh eaLlng of worms drlnklng of semen sleeplng on clnders
sLlnglng by snakes borlng Lhrough bones drlnklng of blle blLlng by anLs breaklng of LeeLh
LeLherlng Lo hoL lron eLc are some of Lhe LorLures one has Lo face for hls slns ln Lhe hell 1hose
who crlLlclze 8rahmlns and dlcLaLe Lhem or klll Lhem drlnker Lhose who sLeal gold have llllclL
conLacL wlLh Lhe wlfe of Lhelr Leacher and even Lhose who accompany such people are
condemned as greaL slnners All of Lhem deserve a place ln Lhe hell
SLeallng of lLems llke copper lron waLer musk beLelnuL sandalwood eLc ls also llke Lhe crlme
of sLeallng gold llllclL conLacL wlLh slsLer and daughLerlnlaw and forceful copulaLlon wlLh a
woman ln menses are also llke havlng llllclL conLacL wlLh Lhe wlfe of Lhe Leacher Cur greaL sages
have glven dlcLaLes for Lhe explaLlon of such slns 1hose who llve ln 8uddhlsL monasLerles or
frequenLly vlslL Lhere llve ln Lhe hells for crores of years Slnners pass lnlLlal phase of Lhelr
explaLlon ln Lhe hells lor Lhe seven blrLhs Lhen Lhey Lake lncarnaLlon as asses 1hen for Lhe nexL
slx blrLhs Lhey appear as snake dlseased people dog deer Lree and monlLor C klng! 1hose who
long for and have llllclL conLacLs wlLh women oLher Lhan wlfe are forced Lo copulaLe wlLh a preLLy
buL exLremely hoL copper mannequln and Lhen Lhrown lnLo Lhe hells 1hose women who prefer Lo
sleep wlLh men oLher Lhan husband are forced Lo embrace hoL lron sLaLue on a blazlng bed 1hen
Lhey are forced Lo embrace a hoL lron plllar Lake baLh ln sallne waLer and drlnk lL 1hey have Lo
suffer Lhese LorLures for Lhousand years
1hose who llsLen Lo oLhers crlLlclsm wlLh lnLeresL have Lo bear loL of sufferlng PoL nalls are
hammered lnLo Lhelr ears 1he pores Lhus formed are fllled wlLh bolllng oll 1hey are Lhen Lhrown
lnLo kumbhlpak hell
1hose who abuse Lord vlshnu and Shlva are fed wlLh salL only for crores of years Lhen Lhey are
Lhrown lnLo 8aurav hell whlch ls full of hoL scorchlng sand 1ralLors and greedy of oLhers
cereals have Lo eaL Lhelr own flesh 1hose who eaL asLrologers and prlesLs cereals are kepL ln
dlfferenL hells for crores of years followed by Lhelr keeplng ln Lhe wells of bolllng oll and sallne
waLer where Lhey are fed wlLh feces only AL Lhe compleLlon of Lhelr punlshmenL such people
appear as Malechchha on earLh 1hose who LormenL oLhers are Lhrown lnLo valLarnl 1hose who
do noL perform anchmaha ?agya or worshlp delLles are kepL ln Lalabhaksha and 8aurav hells
respecLlvely 1hose who do noL acL as per Lhe scrlpLures are Lhrown lnLo Lhe hells for Lhousand crores of
kalpas 1hose who Lhrow excreLlon from Lhelr bodles or leave parLs llke halr LooLh bone nalls
eLc ln Lhe Lemple commlL slns equal Lo kllllng an unborn baby 1hey are sub[ecLed Lo severe
LorLures ln Lhe hells before belng senL lnLo abhorrenL lncarnaLlons 1hose who glve false wlLness
undergo sufferlngs ln Lhe hells Llll Lhe rules of fourLeen lndras 1hose who do noL curb lmmoral
Lrafflc desplLe belng capable go Lo hell 1hose who falsely blame genLlepeople have Lo llve ln Lhe
hell for crores of years 1hose who glve up a fasL before sLlpulaLed perlod go Lo Lhe hell named
AslpaLra 1here ls no penance for Lhe ones who adopL parLlal vlew durlng [usLlce or rellglous
educaLlon 1hose who consume cows flesh llve ln vlngbho[ya hell for Lhousands of years 1hose
who LorLure 8rahmlns Lhrough Lhelr LhoughLs acLlons and words always fall ln Lhe hell 1hose
who desLroy gardens have Lo suffer all Lhe above menLloned hells
C klng! Cne musL repenL for hls slns before Lord vlshnu SlghL of Lhe Canges and basll slnglng
of devoLlonal songs magnanlmlLy and nonvlolence aLLenuaLe Lhe effecL of Lhe sln no acLlon
bears frulL lf noL offered Lo Lord vlshnu uevoLlon Lo Lord vlshnu ls Lhe excellenL way Lo repenL
for Lhe slns Abldance Lo morallLy ls Lhe besL way Lo Lraln Lhe rellglon 8ellglon wlLhouL morallLy
ls equally palnful C klng! now l have relaLed all abouL rellglon Slnce now onwards culLlvaLe
devoLlon for Lord vlshnu and lnvoke Lhe Canges Lo descend on earLh ln order Lo save your
slnlsLer ancesLors Cnly Lhe Canges ls capable of savlng one and all
SanaLkumar says C narada! 1hus preachlng Lhe klng Sagar uharmara[ dlsappeared from Lhe
slghL lL was due Lo Lhe severe penance of klng 8haglraLh LhaL Lhe Canges descended on Lhe earLh
and saved Lhe slxLy Lhousand deceased sons of Sagar
CPA1L8 13 uLSCLn1 Cl CAnCLS Anu
SALvA1lCn Cl SACA8S SCnS
narada saysC Munl! WhaL dld klng 8haglraLh do on Plmalayas? Pow dld he please Canges Lo
descend on Lhe earLh?
SanaLkumar says C narada! 8enounclng all hls royal comforLs 8haglraLh wenL Lo Lhe snowcapped lofLy
peaks of Lhe Plmalayas 1here he saw dense foresL and herds of deer and elephanLs
playlng Lven hls hermlLage was full of sweeL chaLLerlng of Lhe blrds 8eclLlng of vedas and
oLher scrlpLures was reverberaLlng all around 8haglraLh came face Lo face wlLh Lhe sage 8hrlgu
who was surrounded by hls dlsclples 8haglraLh approached and respecLfully greeLed Lhe sage
8hrlgu
8haglraLh says C omnlsclenL sage! klndly grace me wlLh Lhe knowledge of Lhe paLh LhaL leads
even Lhe mosL mournful souls Lo salvaLlon
8hrlgu says C klng! l know LhaL you have arrlved here wlLh a beauLlful moLlve of savlng your
ancesLors Pence you are llke Srl Parl yourself now l descrlbe abouL Lhe acLlons whlch please
Srl Parl C klng be nonvlolenL alLrulsLlc vlrLuous speak LruLh and seek plous company Lo be a
devoLee of Lord vlshnu 8eclLe Lhe followlng manLras AuM nAMC 8PACvA1L
vASuuLvA? nAMAP |AuM nAMC vASuuLvA? ?ou wlll deflnlLely aLLaln peace of mlnd
8haglraLh says C sage! WhaL ls LruLh? WhaL ls ln Lhe lnLeresL of all Lhe llvlng belngs? Who are
evll ones? Who are asceLlcs? WhaL are vlrLuous acLlons? Pow should one remember and worshlp
Lord vlshnu? WhaL ls peace? C greaL sage! klndly descrlbe abouL Lhese Lhlngs
8hrlgu says C knowledgeous one! All such acLlons whlch do noL harm any llvlng belng are
nonvlolence AcLlons whlch ald ln moral conducL and paclfy Lhe people are ln Lhe lnLeresL of
Lhe publlc All Lhe people who are envlous and oppose Lhe rellglon and Lhe scrlpLures are evll
ones 1hose who Lread Lhe paLh shown by rellglon and scrlpLures and always engage ln Lhe
beneflL of people are asceLlcs ln Lhe Lrue sense All Lhe acLlons whlch lead Lo devoLlon for Lord
vlshnu and cause exLreme [oy for all are vlrLuous Lord vlshnu lncorporaLes all Lhe oLher delLles
Pavlng such LhoughLs llke l wlll worshlp Plm wlLh correcL meLhods ls devoLlon Seelng Lord
vlshnu ln each llvlng and nonllvlng Lhlngs ls lmparLlal vlew 1o be ln peace and harmony ln all
clrcumsLances wlLh each and everyone ls peace C klng! l have descrlbed now all Lhe Lhlngs Lo
you Co now and begln your penance May lL all be well for you
1hus wlLh Lhe permlsslon and blesslng of sage 8hrlgu klng 8haglraLh sLarLed hls penance Pe
conLlnued hls penance for slxLy Lhousand years aL lengLh ln an enchanLlng place nandeshwar ln
Plmalayas Seelng hls severe penance and perplexed by lLs radlance all Lhe gods appeared
before Lord vlshnu ln ksheersagar
1he gods say C remover of sorrows! C conLroller of all Lhe Lhree worlds! We all greeL you
leased by Lhe prayers Lord vlshnu lnsLlncLlvely learnL abouL Lhe moLlve of Lhe gods Pe assured
Lhem Lo be fearless and Plmself appeared before 8haglraLh 8haglraLh felL hllarlous and greeLed
Srl Parl
Lord vlshnu says ?our deslres shall be fulfllled ?our ancesLors shall aLLaln Lo my abode 8uL
now go and pray Lord Shlva wlLh your full capaclLy Pe wlll deflnlLely beneflL you Saylng Lhls
Lord vlshnu dlsappeared 1he klng sLood Lhere for some Llme wonderlng wheLher lL was all a
dream when an lnvlslble volce announced lL was noL a dream C klng! lL ls reallLy uo as Lord
vlshnu has sald
klng 8haglraLh began even more severe penance Lo please Lord Shlva AfLer a prolonged
penance Lord Shlva appeared Lhere 8haglraLh fell flaL aL Pls feeL leased by hls devoLlon and
prayers Lord Shlva blessed 8haglraLh LhaL Pe would hand over Lhe Canges Lo hlm for Lhe
salvaLlon of hls ancesLors As soon as Lord Shlva uLLered Lhese words Lhe Canges emerged from
Pls Lussocks and followed 8haglraLh wherever he walked
1hus followlng 8haglraLh Lhe Canges reached Cangasagar aL Lhe hermlLage of sage kaplla
where Lhe ashes of 8haglraLhs ancesLors were lylng unaLLended As soon as Lhe holy waLers of
Lhe Canges Louched Lhe ashes 8haglraLhs ancesLors goL freed from Lhe noose of ?ama and
ascended Lo Lhelr heavenly abode Slnce Lhen Lhe Canges ls also known as 8haglraLhl
CPA1L8 16 uLSC8l1lCn Cl uWAuASPl lAS11he sages say C forLunaLe one! ?ou have obllged us
narraLlng Lhe Lale of sacred Canges now
we deslre Lo hear whaL narada asked SanaLkumar
SuLa says C greaL sages! now l narraLe whaL narada asked SanaLkumar llsLen Lo lL carefully
narada says l am blessed hearlng Lhe plous Lale of Lhe Canges now klndly Lell me abouL Lhe
fasL and rlLuals performlng whlch Srl Parl could be pleased
SanaLkumar says C narada! May Cod bless you! ?ou are Lhe supreme devoLee of Lord vlshnu
1haLs why you are asklng abouL Lhese rlLuals now l am Lelllng you abouL Lhese rlLuals and fasLs
whlch make a man fearless C narada! 1here ls a speclal provlslon for worshlpplng Lord vlshnu
on Lhe LwelfLh day of Shukla aksha (brlghLer phase) ln Lhe monLh of Margashlrsh 1hls worshlp
could be performed wearlng whlLe or yellow cloLhes uurlng Lhe worshlp one should reclLe Lhe
manLra kLSPAvA?A nAMAS1u8P?AM
Cne should Lhen offer oblaLlons of ghee and sesame seeds ln sacred flre uurlng Lhe nlghL one
should slng devoLlonal songs before Shallgram and remaln awakened 1hen Lhe ldol of vlshnu
should be baLhed wlLh flve llLers of mllk Slmllarly Coddess Lakshml and Lord vlshnu should
be worshlpped wlLh nalvedya and edlble lLems Lhree Llmes nexL mornlng slmllar worshlp
should be repeaLed
AL Lhe end of Lhe worshlp one should donaLe sweeLmeaLs made of mllk ghee and coconuL Lo
8rahmln whlle reclLlngMay Lhe Lord maLerlallze all my wlshes Seelng off Lhe 8rahmln one
should break hls fasL aL Lhe end
Cn Lhe same day ln Lhe monLh of ausha one should observe a fasL and worshlp Lord vlshnus
ldol baLhlng lL wlLh mllk whlle reclLlng nAMC nA8A?AnA
ln Lhls worshlp also Lhere ls provlslon of nlghLlong prayers and vlgllance uonaLlng Lhe
8rahmlns wlLh rlce pulses ghee eLc one should respecLfully feed Lhem and break hls fasL ln Lhe
lasL uonaLlon of uakshalna ls a musL Slmllarly on Lhe same day ln Lhe monLh of Magh Lhere ls
a provlslon of daylong fasL and worshlp 1hls Llme flve kllos of sesame seeds are donaLed Lo Lhe
8rahmlns
Cn Lhe LwelfLh day of Shukla aksha ln hagun one should baLhe Srl Parls ldol wlLh flve llLers
of mllk 1hen one hundred and elghL oblaLlons of sesame seeds and ghee are made Lo Lhe sacred
flre nlghLlong prayers feedlng of 8rahmlns eLc are as usual ln Lhls worshlp unhusked rlce ls
donaLed 1he requlred manLra ls CCvlnuA? nAMAS1u8P?AM
Cn Lhe same day ln Lhe monLh of ChalLra Lhere ls a provlslon of baLhlng vlshnus ldol wlLh flve
llLers of ghee and maklng oblaLlons of honey ghee and sesame seeds one hundred and elghL
Llmes whlle reclLlng nAMCS1u vlSPnAvL 1u8P?AM
1hen four kllos of rlce are donaLed Lo a 8rahmln Cn Lhe LwelfLh day ln Lhe brlghLer phase of valshakh
Lhere ls a provlslon of baLhlng vlshnus
ldol wlLh mllk and maklng one hundred and elghL oblaLlons of ghee reclLlng nAMAS1L
MAuPuPAn1L
Cn Lhe LwelfLh day ln Lhe brlghLer phase of !yeshLha Lhere ls a provlslon of offerlng one hundred
and elghL oblaLlons of kheer (rlce cooked ln four llLers of mllk) whlle reclLlng nAMAP
18lvlk8AMA?
1wenLy Malpuas (wheaL flour kneaded ln mllk and sugar and frled ln ghee) are donaLed Lo a
8rahmln
Cn Lhe same day ln Lhe monLh of Ashadh Lord vlshnus ldol ls baLhed wlLh four llLers of mllk
1hen oblaLlons of ghee are made and cereal mlxed wlLh coconuL and curd are donaLed Lo Lhe
8rahmlns 1hls worshlp ls dlrecLed Lo vamana lncarnaLlon of Lord vlshnu Pence manLra
nAMAS1L vAMAnA? ls reclLed all along Lhe rlLuals
ln Lhe monLh of Shravan Lhere ls a provlslon of baLhlng Lords ldol wlLh mllk and honey on Lhe
LwelfLh day of Lhe brlghLer phase 1hen one hundred and elghL oblaLlons are made reclLlng
S8luPA8A? nAMCS1u1L
1hen four llLers of mllk cloLhes and Lwo golden earrlngs are donaLed Lo Lhe 8rahmln
Lords ldol should be baLhed wlLh mllk whlle reclLlng P8lSPlkLSP nAMCS1u8P?AM on
Lhe LwelfLh day ln Lhe monLh of 8hadrapad
1hen one hundred and elghL oblaLlons are made wlLh cooked cereals mlxed wlLh honey WheaL
donaLed along wlLh gold Lo Lhe 8rahmlns besldes feedlng Lhem wlLh respecL
ln Lhe monLh of Ashwln also Lords ldol ls baLhed wlLh flve llLers of mllk 1hen one hundred
and elghL oblaLlons are offered wlLh ghee sesame seeds and rlce reclLlng nAMAS1L
AuMAnA8PA?
1wo hundred and flfLy grams of honey are donaLed Lo a 8rahmln ln Lhe monLh of karLlk on Lhe
same day Lords ldol ls baLhed wlLh four llLers of mllk curd or ghee whlle reclLlng nAMC
uAMCuA8A?
1hen one hundred and elghL oblaLlons are offered wlLh sesame seeds mlxed wlLh honey and
ghee 1hls worshlp ls closed wlLh donaLlng flve Lypes of edlble lLems Lo a deservlng 8rahmln
feedlng hlm and seelng hlm off wlLh uakshalna
C Munlvar! 1hose who observe Lhls vlrLuous fasL for Lhe Lwelve monLhs of a year aLLalns Lo Lhe
supreme abode Cbservance of Lhls fasL for one or Lwo monLhs only ls also equally beneflLlng lf
Lhls fasL ls observed for a year Lhere ls a provlslon of speclal closlng rlLual aL Lhe end so LhaL one
shouldnL have Lo observe lL agaln ln hls llfe 1hls closlng rlLual ls performed on Lhe LwelfLh day
of Lhe darker phase ln Lhe monLh of MargsheershCne should geL up early ln Lhe mornlng LhaL day and
afLer aLLendlng rouLlne Lasks he should Lake
baLh wear whlLe cloLhes smear sandalwood pasLe on Lhe forehead and make a squareshaped
alLar on Lhe ground 1hls alLar should be decoraLed wlLh [lngllng bells whlskers flags and whlLe
cloLh Cn Lhe four corners of Lhe alLar four lamps should be llghLed
AL Lhe cenLer of Lhe alLar a SarvaLobhadra wheel ls drawn and Lwelve urns fllled wlLh waLer are
kepL on lL uLLlng flve klnds of gems ln Lhese urns Lhey should be covered wlLh whlLe cloLh 1he
worshlpper musL procure sllver or gold ldols of Lakshml and Lord vlshnu and place Lhem on Lhe
llds of Lhe urns lrugallLy ls noL expecLed ln Lhls rlLual 1hese ldols should be baLhed wlLh mllk
conLalnlng ghee honey curd and flve Lypes of dry frulLs lL should be followed wlLh proper
worshlp of Lord vlshnu and Coddess Lakshml 1hese rlLuals lasL nlghLlong
nexL mornlng oblaLlons are offered wlLh sesame seeds reclLlng all Lhe Lwelve manLras descrlbed
above uonaLlon of Len Malpuas curd kheer ghee eLc are made Lo Lwelve 8rahmlns AL lasL all
Lhe ldols and oLher maLerlals are handed over Lo Lhe prlesL who had gulded Lhe worshlp uevoLee
musL dlne afLer all and he should noL speak durlng dlnlng All Lhe deslres of Lhe one who
observes all Lhese Lwelve fasLs and closes Lhem properly are fulfllled and he aLLalns abode of
vlshnu along wlLh hls LwenLyone generaLlons
CPA1L8 17 uLSC8l1lCn Cl lAS1 lC8
LAkSPMlnA8A?An
SanaLkumar says C greaL among Lhe sages! now l am narraLlng abouL an excellenL fasL whlch
desLroys all Lhe slns Cbservlng fasL on full Moon day ls consldered excellenL among all Lhe fasLs
lL leads Lo fulflllmenL of all Lhe deslres and proLecLs Lhe devoLee from lnfluence of harsh planeLs
Llke Lhe fasL of uwadashl Lhls fasL ls also begun from Lhe monLh of Margsheersh and observed
conLlnuously on every full Moon day of succeedlng monLhs Llll karLlk when lL ls closed wlLh
proper rlLuals
1o begln wlLh one should sLarL worshlpplng Lord vlshnu slnce Lhe mornlng of full Moon day ln
Lhe monLh of Margsheersh wearlng whlLe cloLhes and reclLlng nAMC nA8A?AnA
AfLer Lhe worshlp Lhe devoLee musL perform a Pavan on a squareshaped alLar offerlng oblaLlons
wlLh cooked cereals sesame seeds ghee eLc WhlLe flowers unbroken rlce gralns and waLer are
offered Lo Lhe Lord ln Lhe evenlng Lhe same Lhlngs are offered Lo Lhe rlslng full Moon also A
devoLee musL pass Lhe nlghL engaged ln rellglous dlscusslon slnglng of devoLlonal songs eLc
nexL day donaLlons are made Lo Lhe 8rahmlns afLer performlng usual worshlp 1he same rlLuals
are performed every monLh Lo observe Lhe fasL
8lLuals for closlng Lhls fasL ln Lhe monLh of karLlk on full Moon day are also elaboraLe
llsL of all Lhe devoLee should bulld a recLangular canopy and decoraLe lL wlLh floral garlands
arches lamps clnnabar mlrrors whlskers eLc AL Lhe cenLer of Lhe canopy on Lhe ground
SarvaLobhadra wheel should be drawn wlLh flve plllars 1hen one Lo Lwelve urns are kepL on Lhls
wheel and on Lhese urns sllver or golden ldols of Lord vlshnu are placed 1hese ldols are baLhed wlLh
mllk conLalnlng curd ghee honey and flve Lypes of dry frulLs 1hen a proper elaboraLe
worshlp ls carrled ouL for Lhese ldols nlghL ls passed slnglng devoLlonal songs nexL mornlng
afLer proper worshlp Lhese ldols are donaLed Lo Lhe presldlng prlesL lL ls followed by feedlng of
8rahmlns All Lhese rlLuals are closed wlLh performlng a Pavan offerlng sesame seeds as
oblaLlon 1hose who perform Lhese worshlps wlLh proper rlLuals en[oy worldly comforLs llfelong
and aLLaln abode of Lord vlshnu
CPA1L8 18 lLACClnC ln 1PL 1LMLL Cl LC8u
vlSPnu
SanaLkumar says C narada! now l am narraLlng abouL Lhe flagglng fasL ln order Lo please Lord
vlshnu Pe who performs Lhls fasL ls even worshlpped by 8rahma and oLher delLles 1hls fasL
accords vlrLues equal Lo Lhose of donaLlng one Lhousand caraLs of gold Lo a 8rahmln or Lhose
aLLalned Laklng baLh ln Lhe Canges and worshlpplng Shlvallnga and basll sapllng 1he devoLee
should observe Lhls fasL on Lhe LenLh day of Lhe brlghLer phase ln Lhe monLh of karLlk Pe should
worshlp Srl Parl slnce mornlng afLer Laklng baLh and wearlng fresh cloLhes Pe ls expecLed Lo
sleep before Lhe ldol LhaL day nexL day he should agaln perform worshlp reclLe nandlshraddh
along wlLh four 8rahmlns and baLhe masLs of Lhe Lwo flags Pe should Lhen worshlp Lhe Sun Lhe
Moon and Caruda
1hen Lurmerlc sandalwood pasLe are smeared on Lhe masLs and whlLe flowers are offered on
Lhem 1hereafLer Lhe devoLee musL smear [usL enough ground wlLh cow dung and produce a flre
ln an alLar Cne hundred and elghL oblaLlons are made wlLh kheer ln Lhls flre Pavan Lhus
performed ls dlrecLed Lo Lord vlshnu 8rahma and Lakshml Lhen elghL oblaLlons are offered
reclLlng vLn1L?A? SWAPA
lL ls followed by oblaLlons offered Lo Lhe Sun Lhe Moon and kamadhenu
1he nlghL ls passed ln worshlp and performlng Pavans nexL mornlng Lhe same rlLuals are
performed Lo worshlp Lord vlshnu AL lasL Lhe flags are carrled Lo a Lemple of Lord vlshnu and
lnsLalled aL Lhe plnnacle or on Lop of a column Lord vlshnu ls worshlpped wlLh proper rlLuals
ClrcumambulaLlng Lhe Lemple one should Lhen presenL 8rahmlns wlLh cloLhes and uakshalna
feed Lhem and should Lake food afLer all lL ls sald LhaL as long as Lhe flag fluLLers ln alr as much
slns of Lhe devoLee are desLroyed and he aLLalns Lhe abode of Lord vlshnu
CPA1L8 19 1ALL Cl 1PL klnC SuMl1S 8LvlCuS
8l81P
narada says C SanaLkumar! A klng SumlL had performed Lhls flagglng fasL for Lhe flrsL Llme
klndly narraLe Lo me Lhe Lale of hls llfe
SanaLkumar says uurlng SaLya ?uga a Somavanshl klng SumlL was rullng Lhe enLlre earLh Pe
was very rellglous ln naLure and a greaL devoLee of Lord vlshnu Pe served Lhe oLher devoLees
wlLh respecL and was a down Lo earLh personPls queen SaLyamaLl was also a chasLe woman 8oLh of
Lhem were Lhe greaL worshlppers of Srl
Parl and knew everyLhlng abouL Lhelr prevlous blrLh 1hey regularly donaLed cereals and waLer
SaLyamaLl used Lo dance ln Lhe Lemple of Lord vlshnu wlLh pure feellngs 1he klng also would
lnsLall a blg and beauLlful flag ln Lhe Lemple on Lhe LwelfLh day of brlghLer phase of every monLh
1helr repuLaLlon had reached all Lhe Lhree worlds Cne day a sage vlbhandak came Lo vlslL Lhe
klng along wlLh hls dlsclples 1he klng and Lhe queen LreaLed Lhe sage wlLh respecL and Lhe klng
hlmself seaLed on a lower seaL before Lhe sage
1he klng says l am saved C sage! now order me how can l serve you?
1he sage says C klng! l am very much pleased wlLh you now l wlll ask you a few quesLlons
Answer Lhem honesLly ?ou regularly lnsLall a blg and beauLlful flag ln Lhe Lemple of Lord
vlshnu whereas Lhere are many more rlLuals Lo please Plm 1ell me Lhe reason for your acLlons
1he klng says C sage! l Lell Lhe reason for my acLlon klndly llsLen Lo lL ln Lhe prevlous blrLh l
was a Shudra named Mallnl and always engaged ln appalllng acLlvlLles Cne day l abandoned
my famlly and socleLy and mlgraLed Lo Lhe foresL where l susLalned myself on deers flesh 8uL
Lhere Loo l used Lo rob Lhe passersby Cne day l had noLhlng Lo eaL nor could l lay my hand on
any passerby Scorchlng sun of Lhe summer was addlng Lo my woe moreover 1hus perplexed by
Lhe LhlrsL hunger and lnLense heaL l was roamlng ln Lhe foresL when all of a sudden l sLumbled
upon a Lemple of Lord vlshnu lL had long been deserLed and was very much ln dllapldaLed
condlLlon A small lake was also Lhere beslde Lhe Lemple ln Lhe lake beauLlful blrds llke swan
and ducks were playlng and dellclous frulLs and scenLed flowers also abounded ln Lhe foresL
Slnce l was feellng Llred Lo Lhe polnL of dropplng down l aLe Lhe frulLs whlch had fallen on Lhe
ground 1hen l Look resL aL Lhe bank of Lhe lake
Slnce LhaL day l began Lo llve ln LhaL Lemple 1here l repalred Lhe walls cleaned Lhe premlses and
erecLed a small huL for myself 8uL sLlll l used Lo hunL small anlmals Lo saLlsfy my hunger
1wenLy years passed llke LhaL Cne day a Sadhvl (a female hermlL) named Avakoklla who
halled from a nlshad famlly ln vlndhyachal came Lhere Per famlly members had deserLed her
because of slnlsLer acLlons she was lnvolved ln She was Lhln and lean due Lo conLlnuous
sLarvaLlon leellng plLy on her l gave her some frulLs and flesh Lo eaL When she recovered she
narraLed her Lale LhaL l am narraLlng Lo you as lL was
Sadhvl says l was born ln Lhe famlly of oarsman uaruk was my faLher l was a greaL backblLer
Lhlef and slnner My famlly Lherefore deserLed me lor someLlme my husband fosLered me buL he
Loo dled Slnce Lhen l have been wanderlng from Lhls place Lo LhaL and lL ls because of Lords
grace LhaL l have arrlved here
1he klng says LlsLenlng Lo her Lale l marrled her and we began Lo llve ln Lhe Lemple Lvery day
we used Lo eaL flesh and frulL Cne day under Lhe lnLoxlcaLlon of wlne we en[oyed our Llme
greaLly We even began Lo dance forgeLLlng our physlcal condlLlon Suddenly agenLs of ?ama
arrlved Lhere and began Lo LlghLen Lhelr noose around us SlmulLaneously Srl Parl Loo senL Pls
agenLs
vlshnus agenLs say C lmprudenL ?amadooLs! 8elease Lhls greaL devoLee of Lord vlshnu ?amadooLs
say 1hese are ab[ecL slnners We wlll deflnlLely Lake Lhem wlLh us
1hese words lnfurlaLed Lhe agenLs of vlshnu
vlshnus agenLs say 1hey are noL slnners 1hey are greaL devoLees and Lhe servers of Lord
vlshnu 1hls woman has performed a dance whlle Lhls man has lnsLalled a flag ln Lhe Lemple
1hus Lhelr slns have been desLroyed and Lhey have now a rlghL Lo Lhe supreme abode 1hey have
served Lhls Lemple for Lhe pasL LhlrLyLwo years
Saylng Lhls Lhe agenLs of vlshnu snapped Lhe noose and carrled us Lo Lhe abode of vlshnu ln a
dlvlne alrcrafL Pearlng Lhls Lale from Lhe klng SumlL sage vlbhandak felL exLreme [oy and wenL
Lo Lhe foresL
CPA1L8 20 uLSC8l1lCn Cl PA8lAnCP8A18A
v8A1A
SanaLkumar says C narada! l am now narraLlng abouL anoLher fasL lL ls Parlpanchak fasL and ls
rare ln all Lhe worlds lL desLroys all Lhe sorrows of Lhe devoLee fulfllls hls all deslres and helps
hlm aLLaln Lhe four goals of llfe lL ls observed for flve days ln Lhe monLh of Margsheersh sLarLlng
from Lhe LenLh day of Lhe brlghLer phase Llll Lhe full Moon day Cn Lhe flrsL day a day long fasL ls
observed afLer worshlpplng Lord vlshnu ln Lhe mornlng lL ls broken wlLh a plaln meal ln Lhe
evenlng
nexL day Lords ldol ls baLhed wlLh mllk conLalnlng ghee curd honey and flve Lypes of dry
frulLs followed by usual worshlp vows of Lhe fasL are reclLed and prayers are made for Lhelr
successful compleLlon 1haL whole nlghL and also Lhe subsequenL nlghLs Llll full Moon nlghL are
passed reclLlng Lords name and slnglng devoLlonal songs 8aLhlng of Lords ldol wlLh mllk
conLalnlng ghee curd honey and dry frulLs conLlnues ln Lhe mornlng everyday Llll full Moon day
Cn Lhe full Moon day Pavan ls performed wlLh oblaLlons of sesame seeds and donaLlons Cn Lhe
slxLh day Lhe devoLee musL drlnk anchgavya and worshlp Srl Parl feed 8rahmlns and only
Lhen should Lake meal sllenLly 1hls fasL ls observed every monLh Llll karLlk and closlng rlLuals
are Laken up ln Lhe monLh of Margsheersh nexL year uurlng Lhe closlng rlLuals Lhe devoLee
should observe day long fasL on Lhe elevenLh day and Lake only anchgavya on Lhe LwelfLh day
1hereafLer he should worshlp Lord vlshnu donaLe honey ghee frulLs kheer and an urn fllled
wlLh waLer and conLalnlng flve [ewels Lo Lhe 8rahmln Pe should Lhen feed Lhe 8rahmlns before
hlmself Laklng any meal
C narada! 1hose who observe Lhls Parlpanchak fasL never reLurn from 8rahmaloka 1hose who
deslre for salvaLlon should essenLlally observe Lhls fasL lL desLroys all Lhe slns llke a flre desLroys
a foresL lLs vlrLues are equal Lo Lhose of donaLlng mllllons of cows
CPA1L8 21 uLSC8l1lCn Cl 1PL l8ul1S Cl
lAS1SanaLkumar saysnow l am narraLlng abouL an excellenL fasL for Lhe beneflL of Lhe world LlsLen
Lo lL carefully C narada! 1hls fasL musL be observed ln Lhe monLhs of Ashadh Shravan
8hadrapad or Ashwln Cn any day durlng Lhe brlghLer phase of Lhese monLhs Lhe devoLees musL
drlnk anchgavya and pass hls Llme ln Lhe vlclnlLy of Lord vlshnus ldol 1hen reclLlng
scrlpLures ln Lhe guldance of learned 8rahmlns he should Lake a vow Lo observe a monLh long
fasL praylng Lord vlshnu Lo proLecL hlm from any unforeseen crlses 1he devoLee should slnce
Lhen pass hls Llme ln a Lemple for one monLh Lveryday he should baLhe Lhe ldol wlLh mllk
conLalnlng ghee curd honey and dry frulLs and llghL Lhe lamps before Lhe ldol Pe ls also
expecLed Lo pass hls llfe ln a naLural way wlLhouL uslng any arLlflclal Lhlng llke LooLhpasLe or
soap 1hen he should feed a 8rahmln and glve Lhem uakshalna Accordlng Lo Lhe provlslon of
fasL Lhe devoLee should feed aL leasL Lwelve 8rahmlns and donaLe [ewelry vlrLues of Lhls fasL are
enormous A wldow woman who has no son asceLlc bachelor and vanaprasLhl should
essenLlally observe Lhls fasL
CPA1L8 22 1ALL Cl 8PAu8ASPLLL 88APMln
SanaLkumar says C narada! A fasL on Lkadashl (elevenLh day) ln boLh Lhe phases of a monLh
pleases Srl Parl and fulfllls all Lhe deslres Cn Lhe elevenLh day of each phase one should noL
dlne 1hose who dlne on Lhe elevenLh day commlL severe slns SalvaLlon from slns llke kllllng a
8rahmln ls posslble buL Lhere ls no meLhod Lo ellmlnaLe Lhe slns lncurred because of dlnlng on
Lhe elevenLh day 8rahmlns should essenLlally observe fasL on Lhe elevenLh day of each phase
1he preparaLlons for Lkadashl vraLa sLarL on Lhe LenLh day 1he devoLee should worshlp Srl Parl
ln Lhe mornlng wlLh proper rlLuals and pass Lhe nlghL ln Lhe vlclnlLy of Lhe ldol
Cn Lhe elevenLh day Lhe devoLee should worshlp Srl Parl ln Lhe mornlng and Lake an oaLh Lo
observe fasL durlng Lhe day and pray Lhe Lord Lo proLecL hlm from calamlLles 1he devoLee musL
pass Lhe nlghL slnglng devoLlonal songs reclLlng scrlpLures and lf posslble danclng ln Lhe
mornlng of Lhe LwelfLh day he should worshlp Lord vlshnu as usual 1hen he should feed
8rahmlns and make donaLlons as per hls powers erformlng flve klnds of ?agyas Lhe devoLee
should break hls fasL ln Lhe lasL uurlng Lhe perlod of fasL Lhe devoLee musL noL see wreLched
ones and deslsL from Lalklng Lo such people who oppose 8rahmlns
As Lhere ls no pllgrlmage place holler Lhan Lhe Canges no Leacher greaLer Lhan Lhe MoLher and
no delLy more vlrLuous Lhan Lord vlshnu Slmllarly Lhere ls no fasL greaLer Lhan Lkadashl vraLa
ls C narada! l am now narraLlng an old Lale LlsLen Lo lL carefully
ln Lhe anclenL Llmes a greaL sage Calav llved ln Lhe dense foresL on Lhe bank of Lhe rlver
narmada Pe was very peace lovlng and LruLh abldlng ln naLure 1he foresL surroundlng hls
hermlLage was Lhe playground for beauLlful fauna ?akshas Candharvas and vldhyadhars Sage
Calav passed hls Llme engaged ln penance 1hus he llved Lhere for a long Llme Pe had an
equally vlrLuous son named 8hadrasheel who was a greaL devoLee of Lord vlshnu and who knew
everyLhlng abouL hls prevlous blrLh ln hls chlldhood 8hadrasheel used Lo play wlLh hls frlends
buL hls plays reflecLed hls rellglous senLlmenLs Pe would make an earLhen ldol of Lord vlshnu
and worshlp lL Pe also would Lell hls frlends Lo always worshlp Lord vlshnu and observe fasL on
Lhe elevenLh day of every phase ln every monLh Pls frlends Loo followed hlm uurlng Lhe worshlp
8hadrasheel used Lo wlsh well for Lhe enLlre world Pls acLlvlLles pleased Lhe sage
Calav very much
Calav says C forLunaLe one! ?ou are really 8hadrasheel because even Lhe ?ogls rarely have a
naLure llke yours ?ou always lndulge ln worshlp of Parl beneflL of all and observe fasL on
Lkadashl ?ou always absLaln from forbldden work Pow come you acqulred such a peaceful
and unconfllcLlng mlnd l am very much pleased wlLh you klndly Lell me abouL your
achlevemenLs
8hadrasheel says C faLher! l have some remembrance of my prevlous blrLh uurlng my
prevlous blrLh ?ama had preached me abouL rellglon 1hese words surprlsed Calav Pe says
C forLunaLe one! Who were you ln your prevlous blrLh? WhaL dld ?amara[ sald Lo you and
why?
8hadrasheel says C greaL sage! l was a klng ln Soma dynasLy l had recelved knowledge from
uharmakeerLl and uaLLaLreya l ruled conLlnuously for Lhousand years uurlng Lhls perlod l
commlLLed varlous rellglous as well as lrrellglous Lasks ln Lhe company of lmposLers l Loo
became an lmposLer Worklng dlplomaLlcally l desLroyed ?agyas My sub[ecLs also followed me
and began Lo behave lrrellglously l recelved slxLh parL of Lhelr evll deeds Cne day l wenL Lo Lhe
foresL hunLlng 1here l kllled many anlmals
AfLer a whlle perplexed by LhlrsL and hunger l reached Lhe bank of narmada l had sLrayed lnLo
deeper foresLs all alone 1he lnLense sun was scorchlng my body l was abouL Lo drop down
because of hunger when l saw LhaL people on Lhe bank of narmada were observlng Lkadashl
vraLa l [olned Lhem and sLayed awake all along Lhe nlghL wlLhouL Laklng any food 8uL l could
noL bear Lhe sLarvaLlon and exerLlon and dled as a resulL llerce looklng ?amadooLs Look me Lo
?amara[ ?amara[ asked ChlLragupL Lo open Lhe accounL of my llfe ChlLragupL LhoughL for a
momenL and sald lLs Lrue C ?amara[ LhaL Lhls person ls a slnner 8uL now he ls free from hls
slns due Lo observlng fasL on Lkadashl and passlng hls nlghL ln Lhe company of plous devoLees
Pearlng Lhese words ?amara[ greeLed me and worshlpped me wlLh devoLlon 1hen he called hls
servers
?amara[ says LlsLen Lo me C agenLs! l am narraLlng someLhlng Lo your lnLeresL never brlng Lo
me ln fuLure anybody who ls engaged ln rellglous Lask SLay away from Lhose who always reclLe
Lhe name of Srl Parl CreeL Lhem from a dlsLance 1hls ls my order as well as Leachlng Lo all of
you Spare all Lhose who serve Lhelr Leachers love Lhelr rellglon are helpless serve Lhe plous one
and are Lruly deservlng 8rlng all such people who abuse Lhelr moLher haLe Lhe world sLeal Lhe
wealLh of Lemples and 8rahmlns who are klllers who do noL observe fasL on Lkadashl who are
shorL Lempered crlLlclze me and nurLure hosLlllLy wlLh oLhers
Pearlng such words from ?amara[ flre of penance began Lo burn wlLhln me More lnLense Lhls
flre grew more of my slns were desLroyed l acqulred an appearance of Srl Parl Lven ?amara[
greeLed me wlLh respecL Pls acLlon even surprlsed Lhe ?amadooLs Worshlpplng me ?amara[
senL me on a dlvlne alrcrafL Lo Lhe abode of vlshnu C faLher! l was passlng my Llme happlly l dld noL
know how and when crores of years passed
1hen l arrlved ln lndraloka 1here l sLayed wlLh Lhe gods for many kalpas lL was afLer such a
greaL experlence LhaL l have arrlved on Lhe earLh Pavlng Lhe knowledge of my prevlous blrLh l
always engaged ln Lhe worshlp of Parl and lnsplre oLhers Lo follow sulL Larller l dldnL know Lhe
vlrLues of Lkadashl vraLa 8uL now because of Lhe knowledge of my prevlous blrLhs l have
come Lo know abouL lL l observed lL wlLhouL any deslre and wlLhouL knowlng LhaL l was acLually
observlng a fasL and recelved so much ln reLurn Pence l cannoL Lell how much wlll one recelve
lf he observes Lkadashl vraLa wlLh some deslre 1hose who devoLedly worshlp Srl Parl and
observe Lkadashl vraLa aLLaln even Lhe supreme abode of Lord vlshnu
1he words of hls son gladdened sage Calav Pe says My blrLh has been successful because l
goL such a devoLee son llke you who Lold me Lhe compleLe meLhod of worshlpplng Lord vlshnu
Pome
13 SkAnuA u8AnA
l MAPLSPWA8 kPAnu
uAkSPAS AnlMCSl1? 1CWA8uS LC8u SPlvA
Skanda urana beglns wlLh Lhe eulogy of Lord Shlva
?asyagya !agaL SrlshLa vlranchlh alko Parlh
SanharLa kalrudrakhyo namasLasmal lnaklne
(Meanlng) SaluLaLlons Lo Lord Shankar who has enLrusLed Lhe [ob of creaLlon Lo Lord 8rahma
Who has lnsLrucLed Lord vlshnu Lo nurLure Lhe world and who hlmself acLs as Lhe supreme
annlhllaLor uurlng anclenL Llmes once Sage Shaunak had performed a grand yagya aL hls
hermlLage ln nalmlsharanya foresL Many sages had Lhronged nalmlsharanya Lo aLLend lL Cne of
Lhem was Sage Lomesh AfLer Lhe yagya was over all Lhe assembled Sages requesLed Sage
Lomesh Lo narraLe Lhe dlvlne Lales of Lord Shlva
Sage Lomesh salduakshara[apaLl had goL hls daughLer SaLl marrled Lo Lord Shlva Cnce he
had performed a grand yagya ln whlch he had lnvlLed everybody excepL hls own sonlnlaw
When SaLl learnL abouL Lhe yagya she soughL Lord Shlvas permlsslon Lo aLLend LhaL yagya Lord
Shlva Lrled Lo convlnce her LhaL lL was noL proper Lo aLLend a ceremony ln whlch one had noL been
lnvlLed 8uL SaLl dld noL pay any heed and was benL upon aLLendlng LhaL yagya ulLlmaLely Lord
Shlva had no opLlon buL Lo glve hls conscenL 8uL he dld noL forgeL Lo send hls 8udraganas wlLh
her for her proLecLlon
SA1l !uMS ln1C 1PL SAC8lllClAL ll8LWhen SaLl reached her faLhers place she saw a grand yagya
belng performed A large number of
people had been lnvlLedLhe delLles Lhe sages and Lhe hermlLs
SaLl became sad because uaksha had lnvlLed everybody excepL her husband She knew qulLe well
LhaL lL was a dellberaLe declslon on parL of her faLher noL Lo lnvlLe Lord Shlva 8uL she goL
lnfurlaLed when she found LhaL uaksha had noL even kepL Shlvas share ln Lhe yagya whlle Lhe
shares of oLher delLles had been kepL
When uaksha saw SaLl he was enragedPow dare you come here? ?our husband ls an
embodlmenL of lnausplclousness Pe ls Lhe Lord of Lhe splrlLs ghosLs and all Lypes of mean
powers 1hls was Lhe reason why l dld noL lnvlLe hlm
1he lnsulL heaped on her husband ln fronL of everybody devasLaLed SaLl She felL so humlllaLed
LhaL she declded Lo glve up her llfe 8efore any one could undersLand she [umped lnLo Lhe
sacrlflclal flre and was charred Lo deaLh All Lhe delLles presenL Lhere were sLunned by Lhls sudden
developmenL All Lhe 8udraganas mourned SaLls deaLh wlLh deep sorrow Meanwhlle Lord
Shlva goL Lhe sad news from narada Pe goL mad wlLh anger and uprooLed some halr from hls
scalp Pe Lhen dashed Lhe halr agalnsL a mounLaln 1here was a Lhunderlng sound and veerbhadra
manlfesLed wlLhln a spllL second Lord Shlva ordered hlm Lo punlsh uaksha for hls evll deed
whlch caused Lhe deaLh of SaLl veerbhadra proceeded wlLh a huge army of splrlLs ghosLs and
marudganas Lo punlsh uaksha When he reached Lhe oblaLlon slLe uaksha and all Lhe oLher
delLles became scarred 8uL Sage 8hrlgu came aL Lhe delLles rescue and Lold Lhem noL Lo worry
Pe Lhen chanLed few manLras whlch helped Lhe delLles Lo wln Lhe flrsL round of Lhe baLLle
1he defeaL of hls army enraged veerbhadra Lo such an exLenL LhaL he creaLed havoc ln Lhe ranks
of delLles army Pe showered volleys of arrow on Lhem whlch forced Lhe delLles Lo make a hasLy
reLreaL from Lhere veerbhadra dashed Sage 8hrlgu agalnsL Lhe ground and uprooLed hls beard
Pe Lhen severed Lhe head of uaksha and Lhrew lL ln flames of sacrlflclal flre Lord 8rahma Look
Lhe refuge of Lord Shlva and requesLed hlm Lo sLop veerbhadra from causlng furLher deaLh and
desLrucLlon Lord Shlva Lold 8rahmanobody else buL uaksha hlmself was responslble for hls
deaLh 8uL Lord 8rahma requesLed Lord Shlva Lo make uaksha allve once agaln Lord Shlva
Lhen wenL Lo uakshas place and flxed a goaLs head on Lhe Lrunk of uakshas body 1hls way
uaksha became allve once agaln albelL wlLh a goaLs body Pe was very ashamed of hls behavlour
and requesLed Lord Shlva Lo forglve hlm Lord Shlva blessed hlm and sald
SalvaLlon can noL be aLLalned merely by performlng Lhe rlLuals lf you are deslrous of salvaLlon
Lhen engage yourself ln vlrLuous deeds wlLh
vl81uLS Cl WC8SPllnC LC8u SPlvA
Sage Lomesh Lold Lhe assembled sages Cne who brooms Lhe courLyard of Shlva Lemple aLLalns
Lo Shlva loka 1hose who make offerlngs of lncense Lo Lord Shlva noL only llberaLe hlmself from
Lhe bondage of Lhls world buL also boLh hls kulas Cne who geLs consLrucLed a Shlva Lemple or
renovaLes lL aLLalns lncomparable vlrLue Cne who chanLs Lhe holy manLra Cm namah Shlvay
dally and beglns hls day by vlslLlng Shlva Lemple ln Lhe mornlng becomes absolved of all hls
slnsCPu8nlnC Cl 1PL CCLAn
Sage Lomesh narraLed Lhe Lale whlch descrlbed how lndra losL heaven afLer he showed
dlsrespecL Lo 8rlhaspaLl
Cnce lndra was en[oylng Lhe songs sung by Candharvas when sage vashlshLha arrlved 8uL
lndra was so engrossed ln muslc LhaL he forgoL Lo welcome hls dlsLlngulshed guesL Sage
vashlshLha was enraged by hls behavlour and wenL away fumlng wlLh anger When Lhe demon
klng 8allLhe lord of aLal loka learnL abouL Lhls lncldenL he aLLacked lndraloka wlLh a large
army A flerce baLLle Look place ln whlch all Lhe delLles were defeaLed 8all and hls army broughL
all Lhe wealLh Lo aLalloka 8uL Lhe demons were noL desLlned Lo be Lhe owner of Lhls plundered
wealLh for Loo long as Lhe whole wealLh goL submerged lnLo Lhe ocean 8all was surprlsed and
asked Shukracharya abouL Lhe reason Sage Shukracharya revealed Lo 8all LhaL he could noL
en[oy Lhe splendours of delLles wealLh because he had noL performed 100 Ashwamedha yagyas
1he delLles afLer belng defeaLed wenL Lo seek Lord vlshnus help Lord 8rahma was also presenL
wlLh Lhem AfLer glvlng a deep LhoughL Lo Lhe whole lssue Lord vlshnu advlsed Lhem Lo paLch up
wlLh Lhe demons so LhaL all Lhe wealLh could be reLrleved from Lhe ocean bed 1he delLles wenL Lo
aLalloka and convlnced Lhe demons Lo parLlclpaLe ln Lhe churnlng of Lhe ocean When Lhe
process of churnlng of Lhe ocean began Mandarachal mounLaln was used as a churner and Lhe
serpenL vasukl as Lhe rope 8oLh Lhe parLles lmmersed Lhe Mandarachal mounLaln lnLo Lhe ocean
buL lL sank down as Lhere was no base upon whlch lL could be placed So Lord vlshnu Look Lhe
form of a LorLolse and held Lhe mounLaln on hls back
Churnlng of Lhe ocean resulLed lnLo Lhe emergence of many Lhlngs llke Chandrama Surabhl
(cow) kalpa Lree kausLubh uchchalhshrava (Porse) LravaL (elephanL) goddess Lakshml
polson ambrosla lnLoxlcaLlon eLcWhen polson emerged from Lhe sea bed nelLher Lhe delLles nor
Lhe demons made any clalm for lL 1he polson was so venomous LhaL Lhe whole world sLarLed
geLLlng lnflamed by lL Lord Shlva Lhen drank Lhe Palahal polson and Lhus Lhe world was saved
Lord vlshnu accepLed goddess Lakshml as hls consorL
1PL LML8CLnCL Cl AM88CSlA
When uhanvanLrl appeared wlLh a poL of ambrosla ln hls hands a demon named vrlshparva
snaLched lL from hlm All Lhe demons Lhen fled Lo aLal loka wlLh Lhe poL of ambrosla Lord
vlshnu dlsgulsed hlmself as an enchanLlng beauLy and wenL Lo aLal loka 1here he found all Lhe
demons quarrelllng among Lhemselves Lach of Lhem wanLed Lo have hls own share of ambrosla
1he demons were sLunned by Mohlnls beauLy Lhe momenL Lhey saw Lord vlshnu ln Lhe form of a
beauLlful lady Mohlnl Look conLrol of Lhe ambrosla poL and summoned Lhe delLles Lo aLal loka
All Lhe delLles and demons were made Lo slL ln separaLe rows Mohlnl Lhen sLarLed dlsLrlbuLlng
ambrosla Lo Lhe delLles A demon named 8ahu who had dlsgulsed hlmself as a delLy was also
slLLlng among Lhe delLles Pardly had 8ahu gulped down some ambrosla Lhen Mohlnl severed hls
head on Lhe lnformaLlon glven by chandrama (Moon) 1he severed head of 8ahu Lrled Lo Lake
revenge by swallowlng chandrama who Look Lhe refuge of Lord Shlva Shlva kepL chandrama wlLhln Lhe
lock of hls halr Meanwhlle 8ahu Loo came chaslng chandrama and Lord Shlva wore
hls head as a garland ln hls neck
LC8u 88APMAS 8CCn 1C 1A8AkASu8
AfLer Lhe deaLh of SaLl Lord Shlva became aloof and engaged hlmself ln an ausLere penance Pls
lack of lnLeresL ln performlng hls duLles resulLed lnLo Lhe predomlnance of sln ln Lhe world A
demon named 1arakasur had recelved a boon of lnvlnclblllLy from Lord 8rahma Cnly a chlld
and nobody else could klll hlm 1arakasur belng drunk wlLh power sLarLed Lo LormenL Lhe delLles
All Lhe delLles euloglzed Lord 8rahma and Lhey heard a heavenly volce saylng
nobody can klll 1arakasur excepL Shlvas son So you musL puL all your efforLs Lo help Shlva geL
marrled
1he delLles were aware LhaL afLer Lhe deaLh of SaLl Shlva had losL all lnLeresL ln llfe and was
llvlng llke a recluse neverLheless Lhey wanLed Lo glve a Lry So Lhey wenL Lo Plmalaya who had
no progeny aL LhaL Llme and requesLed hlm Lo begeL a glrl Plmalaya agreed as he was aware of
Lhe mlsdeeds of 1arakasurln course of Llme Plmalayas wlfe Mena gave blrLh Lo a glrl chlld
who was ln facL Lhe relncarnaLlon of SaLl 1he glrl chlld was named Clrl[a Clrl[a was broughL up
wlLh greaL love and care When she aLLalned Lhe age of elghL Plmalaya once Look her Lo Lhe cave
where Lord Shlva was dolng penance lnlLlally Shlva was llLLle heslLanL Lo meeL Plmalaya
because Clrl[a was accompanylng her faLher and he had vowed never Lo puL hls glance on any
woman afLer Lhe deaLh of SaLl 8uL LaLer on he relenLed and allowed boLh of Lhem Lo meeL hlm
whenever Lhey llked now Clrl[a made lL her hablL Lo vlslL Lord Shlva regularly She used Lo
look afLer all Lhe needs of Shlva whlle he was engrossed ln hls penance
Lven afLer Lhe passage of a long Llme Lhe delLles wlshes dld noL look llke geLLlng fulfllled as
Shlva remalned as nonchalanL as ever So Lhe delLles requesLed kamadevas help ln sowlng Lhe
seeds of love and passlon ln Shlvas hearL kamadeva wenL Lo Lhe place where Lord Shlva was
dolng hls penance Pe Lrled Lo sow seeds of compasslon ln Shlvas hearL only Lo recelve hls
wraLh Lord Shlva was lnfurlaLed by Lhe efforLs of kamadeva Pe opened hls Lhlrd eye as Lhe
resulL of whlch kamadeva was charred Lo deaLh 8aLl sLarLed walllng lnconsolably aL Lhe deaLh of
her husband buL Clrl[a assured her LhaL she would Lry Lo brlng kamadeva back Lo llfe Clrl[a
commenced her penance Lo please Lord Shlva 1here was a greaL Lurmoll ln Lhe world on accounL
of her penance Lord vlshnu led Lhe delLles Lo Shlva and requesLed hlm Lo marry Clrl[a so LhaL
Lhe world could be proLecLed from Lhe LormenLs of 1arakasur llnally Shlva gave hls conscenL
and wenL Lo Lhe place where Clrl[a was dolng penance
SPlvA 1LS1S A8vA1lS uLvC1lCn
AfLer reachlng Lhere Lord Shlva found arvaLl engrossed ln her penance arvaLl was surrounded
by her few LrusLed companlonsLord Shlva declded Lo LesL arvaLls devoLlon Lowards hlm So he
dlsgulsed hlmself as a hermlL and asked her companlons abouL Lhe reason why arvaLl was dolng
such a severe enance !aya one of arvaLls companlons lnformed hlm LhaL her frlend was dolng
penance ln order Lo geL Lord Shlva as her husband !aya also lnformed Lord Shlva LhaL her frlend
Clrl[a was Lhe daughLer of Plmalaya
Lord Shlva who was ln Lhe gulse of a hermlL saldWhy ls Lhls Lender glrl so eager Lo marry
Shlva who ls an embodlmenL of lnausplclousnesswho carrles a skull ln hls hand and who llves
ln a cremaLorlum Pow can your frlend Lhlnk of marrylng one who has been expelled by uaksha
from Lhe yagya ceremony? uoes your frlend know LhaL Shlva wears a snake around hls neck and
ls surrounded by numerous splrlLs and ghosLs?
arvaLl who had been llsLenlng Lo all Lhose nonsenslcal uLLerances Lold !aya1hls fellow seems
Lo abhor Shlva We should noL Lalk Lo Lhls evll person 1ell hlm Lo leave aL once Lord Shlva was
exLremely pleased by arvaLls unwaverlng devoLlon Lowards hlm Pe appeared ln hls orlglnal
form and sald?ou can ask for anyLhlng you wlsh
8uL arvaLl replled C Supreme Lord! l am Lhe same SaLl for Lhe sake of whom you had
desLroyed uakshas yagya uonL you recognlze me? 1here ls a greaL purpose behlnd my
relncarnaLlon A son born Lo us would klll 1arakasur So go Lo my faLher and requesL for my hand
ln marrlage8uL Lord Shlva refused Lo make a requesL Lo Plmalaya conslderlng lL as an
undlgnlfled acL Pe Lhen reLurned Lo Lhe place where he had been medlLaLlngAfLer a whlle
Plmalaya and Mena arrlved Lhere and asked arvaLl how her penance had been progresslng
arvaLl narraLed Lhe whole lncldenL how Lord Shlva had flnally glven hls conscenL Lo marry
herPlmalaya and Mena were exLremely pleased by Lhls good news
1PL A88lvAL Cl SA1A8lSPlS
LaLer on Lord Shlva senL Lhe SapLarlshls wlLh Lhe proposal of marrlage Lo Plmalaya Plmalaya
recelved hls dlsLlngulshed guesLs wlLh respecL and enqulred abouL Lhe purpose of Lhelr vlslL 1he
SapLarlshls replledWe have come Lo requesL you Lo glve your daughLers hand ln marrlage Lo
Shlva AfLer consulLlng hls wlfe Mena and oLher mounLalns Plmalaya agreed Lo accepL Shlva as
hls sonlnlaw 1he SapLarlshls Lhen reLurned and conveyed Lhe good news Lo Shlva1he
preparaLlon for marrlage ceremony sLarLed belng made llnally Lhe marrlage processlon
proceeded Lowards Lhe brldes home 1he marrlage processlon conslsLed of all Lhe delLles
apsaras gandharvas even splrlLs and ghosLs
Sage Carg supervlsed Lhe rlLuals of marrlage ceremony vlshwakarma consLrucLed Lhe canopy
where marrlage ceremony was supposed Lo Lake place AfLer Lhe marrlage was over Plmalaya
performed Lhe rlLual of kanyadan and Lhls way Shlva reLurned wlLh hls consorL
8l81P Cl kA81lkL?A
Lord Shlva and arvaLl llved happlly aL Candhamadan MounLaln en[oylng every blL of Lhelr
con[ugal llfe Cnce lL so happened LhaL a small quanLlLy of Shlvas sperm fell on Lhe ground whlle
he was en[oylng lnLlmaLe momenLs wlLh arvaLl As a resulL Lremendous amounL of heaL was
generaLed and Lhe whole world sLarLed burnlng Lord 8rahma and Lord vlshnu lnsLrucLed Agnl Lo
employ some means so LhaL Lhe desLrucLlon caused by Shlvas over flowlng sperms could come Lo an
endAgnl wenL Lo Candhamadan mounLaln ln Lhe gulse of a hermlL Pe requesLed arvaLl by
saylngC MoLher! lease glve me someLhlng as alms l have noLhlng buL my hands as a
begglng bowl
arvaLl kepL Shlvas sperms on hls palm whlch was eaLen up by Agnl arvaLl was enraged Lo see
Lhls and cursed Agnl?ou have shown dlsrespecL Lo me lrom Loday onwards you would
become omnlvorous 1he sperms whlch you have devoured would cause unbearable
lnflammaLlon ln your body
As Lhe resulL of arvaLls curse Agnl really sLarLed experlenclng unbearable lnflammaLlon ln hls
body Pe requesLed Lord Shlva Lo reveal Lhe means by whlch hls paln would come Lo an end
Lord Shlva lnsLrucLed Agnl Lo lmplanL Lhose sperms ln any womans womb Lo geL rld of Lhe
unbearable lnflammaLlon 1hus Agnl who was sufferlng from exLreme heaL LhaL generaLed ln hls
body saL aL a lonely place walLlng eagerly for a woman Lo arrlve Lhere Pe dld noL have Lo walL
for Loo long as slx krlLlkas shlverlng wlLh cold arrlved Lhere Lo warm Lhemselves 1he sperms of
Shlva enLered lnLo Lhelr bodles Lhrough Lhe pores 1hese slx krlLlkas became pregnanL
When Lhelr respecLlve husbands learnL abouL Lhelr pregnancy Lhey cursed Lhem As a resulL Lhey
goL Lransformed lnLo nakshaLras and esLabllshed Lhemselves ln Lhe sky 8uL Lhey aborLed Lhelr
respecLlve foeLus aL Plmalaya mounLaln before geLLlng Lransformed lnLo slx consLellaLlons 1he
holy Canges carrled LhaL foeLus Lo a secluded place whlch was covered wlLh dense bushes of
reeds ln course of Llme Lord karLlkeya manlfesLed from Lhose reed bushes Pe had slx heads
1he delLles were dellghLed aL Lhe blrLh of karLlkeya Lord Shlva along wlLh arvaLl wenL Lo Lhe
place where karLlkeya had lncarnaLed arvaLl Look young karLlkeya ln her embrace
kA81lkL?A klLLS 1A8AkASu8
Lord Shlva assured Lhe delLles who were also presenL Lhere LhaL 1arakasurs days were
numbered 1he delLless army Lhen proceeded Lowards Lhe baLLlefleld Cn Lhelr way Lhe delLles
heard a heavenly volce?ou can defeaL Lhe demons only lf you flghL under Lhe leadershlp of
karLlkeya
now all Lhe delLles requesLed karLlkeya Lo become Lhelr leader Menawhlle uevasenaLhe
daughLer of MrlLyu arrlved Lhere and requesLed karLlkeya Lo become her husband karLlkeya
accepLed uevasena as hls wlfe 1hls ls Lhe reason why he ls also known as ueva senapaLl
karlLkeya was leadlng Lhe delLles army mounLed on an elephanL 1he army had all Lhe delLles ln
lLs rank lndra varuna vayu kuber uharma 8a[ eLc 8oLh Lhe rlval armles meL aL an lsland
slLuaLed beLween Canga and ?amuna 1arakasur had come wlLh a large army whlch boasLed of
many brave and mlghLy warrlors
1he baLLle commenced and Lhe flrsL phase was domlnaLed by Lhe demons 1he delLles could noL
sLand up Lo Lhe mlghL of demons Lven lndra was severely wounded when 1arakasur aLLacked
hlm wlLh hls deadly weapon ShakLl Cn seelng Lhe level of desLrucLlon caused ln Lhe delLles
army klng Muchkunda who was on Lhe slde of Lhe delLles aLLacked 1arakasur ln Lhe ensulng
baLLle Muchkunda goL ln[ured and fell down on Lhe ground Pe goL up furlously and Lrled Lo klll
1arakasur wlLh hls 8rahmashLra Sage narada Lold hlm LhaL 8rahmashLra would be of no use as
1arakasur had been blessed wlLh lnvlnclblllLy agalnsL morLals narada saldCnly karLlkeya ls
capable of kllllng 1arakasur So you all need Lo have paLlence Llll karLlkeya accompllshes hls
mlsslon
Meanwhlle veerabhadra was flghLlng a dual boughL agalnsL 1arakasur Pe had already caused
lndescrlbable losses Lo Lhe demons Whlle Lhe flghL was golng on 1arakasur reallzed LhaL lL was
noL easy Lo defeaL hlm So he declded Lo use hls llluslonary powers whlch helped hlm ln
acqulrlng Len Lhousand hands 1he delLles ran away from Lhe baLLle fleld when Lhey saw
feroclous 1arakasur approachlng LhemLord vlshnu lnsLrucLed karLlkeya Lo klll 1arakasur before
lL was Loo laLe karLlkeya chased 1arakasur wlLh hls deadly weapon ShakLl ln hls hand A flerce
flghL Look place beLween boLh of Lhem karLlkeya aLLacked 1arakasur wlLh hls ShakLl 1arakasur
reLallaLed by hlLLlng hlm wlLh hls own ShakLl 1he assaulL was so severe LhaL karlkeya losL hls
consclousness for few momenLs
When karLlkeya regalned hls consclousness he goL up qulckly Lo flghL agalnsL 1arakasur Cnce
agaln a flerce baLLle commenced karLlkeya remembered hls parenLs ln reverence and released hls
ShakLl ln Lhe dlrecLlon of 1arakasur 1arakasur dled lnsLanLly 1he delLles were dellghLed aL Lhe
deaLh of Lhelr LormenLor
vl81uLS Cl C8SL8vlnC lAS1 Cn SPlvA8A18l
Sage Lomesh euloglzes Lhe vlrLues of ShlvaraLrl ln Lhe followlng words1he fourLeenLh day of
Lhe dark half of a monLh ls dedlcaLed Lo Lhe worshlp of Lord Shlva and ls famously known as
ShlvaraLrl lL desLroys all Lhe slns commlLLed by a man Sage Lomesh Lhen narraLed a Lale whlch
emphaslzed Lhe greaLness of ShlvaraLrl
Cnce upon a Llme a brahmln wldow developed an llllclL relaLlonshlp wlLh a Chandal (a low casLe
man) LaLer on she gave blrLh Lo a son who was named uussah Per son had all Lhe bad quallLles
one can Lhlnk of a gambler a drunker a Lhlef a murderer eLc
Cne day uussah wenL Lo a Shlva Lemple wlLh Lhe lnLenLlon of commlLLlng robbery lL was Lhe
fesLlve nlghL of ShlvaraLrl and people had Lhronged Lhe Lemple ln a large number So he dld noL
geL an opporLunlLy Lo sLeal Lemple properLy Pe remalned awakened for Lhe whole nlghL walLlng
for an opporLune momenL buL hls wlshes remalned unfulfllled Pe spenL hls Llme llsLenlng Lo Lhe
dlvlne Lales of Lord Shlva LhaL was belng narraLed by Lhe Lemple prlesL 1hough he was a slnner
yeL he Look hls nexL blrLh ln a royal famlly on accounL of hls Lwo vlrLuous deedshe had
remalned awakened for Lhe whole nlghL of ShlvaraLrl and he had llsLened Lo Lhe Lales of Shlva ln
hls nexL blrLh he was born Lo a klng named ChlLrangad and he hlmself was named
vlchlLraveerya vlchlLraveerya was a greaL devoLee of Lord Shlva Pe ulLlmaLely unlLed wlLh lord
Shlva and manlfesLed as veerabhadra aL Lhe Llme when Lord Shlva had shaken hls head vlolenLly
afLer hearlng Lhe sad news of SaLls demlse 1here are numerous lnsLances of people aLLalnlng
salvaLlon by observlng a fasL on ShlvaraLrl 1he names of some greaL devoLees Lo do so are klng
8haraLa MandhaLa uhundhumar Parlshchandra eLc
kA81lkL?AS SC88CWWhlle Lhe delLles halled Lhe glory of karLlkeya for havlng kllled 1arakasur
karLlkeya hlmself
was saddened by hls acL Pe Lold Lhe delLlesl regreL for havlng kllled 1arakasur because he was
a greaL devoLee of Lord Shlva ls Lhere any way Lo aLone for my sln?
Lord vlshnu consoled hlmkllllng a wlcked person who nourlshes hlmself on Lhe blood of
lnnocenL people ls noL a slnful deed 8uL sLlll lf you feel gullLy Lhen Lhere ls no beLLer way Lo
aLone for your sln Lhan worshlpplng Lord Shlva lnsLall Shlvallngas and worshlp Lhem wlLh deep
devoLlon karLlkeya lnsLrucLed vlshnukarma Lo make Lhree dlvlne Shlvallngas LaLer on
karLlkeya lnsLalled Lhese Shlvallngas aL Lhree dlfferenL places and worshlpped Lhem wlLh
approprlaLe rlLuals ln course of Llme Lhese Lhree holy places came Lo be known as raLlgyeshwar
kapaleshwar and kumareshwar karLlkeya whlle worshlpplng aL kapaleshwar sprlnkled holy
waLer on Lhe Shlvallnga and prayed so LhaL 1arakasurs soul resLed ln peace Pe also offered
sesame seeds Lo Lord kapaleshwar and prayed May my offerlngs made ln Lhe form of sesame
seeds reach 1arakLhe descendanL of Sage kashyap
1hls way karLlkeya was absolved of hls slns
klLLlnC Cl 8ALAM8
A demon named ralamb had escaped unharmed ln Lhe baLLle foughL beLween Lhe delLles and
demons As Lhe delLles were busy lnsLalllng Shlvallngas aL dlfferenL places ralamb sLarLed Lo
LormenL Lhelr famllles ln Lhelr absence 1he delLles goL Lhls lnformaLlon from kumud who
appeared aL Lhe Llme when Lhe delLles were dlgglng up a reservolr near Slddheshwar Lemple All
Lhe delLles requesLed karLlkeya Lo do someLhlng karLlkeya released hls flery weapon ShakLl ln
Lhe dlrecLlon of ralamb ShakLl plerced Lhe hearL of earLh and wenL rlghL up Lo aLal loka where
ralamb llved wlLh Lhe survlvlng demons All Lhe demons were kllled wlLhln few momenLs
A long Lunnel had been creaLed as Lhe lmpacL of ShakLls peneLraLlon of Lhe earLh 1hls Lunnel was
laLer on fllled up wlLh Lhe waLer of aLal Canga and became famous as Slddhakoopa
kAL8Pl1lS AuS1L8L LnAnCL
1here ls an amazlng Lale relaLed wlLh Lhe blrLh of kalbhlLl uurlng anclenL Llmes Lhere llved a
sonless brahmln named ManLl ln kashl Pe dld an ausLere penance Lo geL a son AL lasL lord
Shlva became pleased by hls devoLlon and appeared Lord Shlva sald?ou wlll be blessed wlLh
an enllghLened son who would llberaLe your whole clan
ln course of Llme ManLls wlfe became pregnanL buL amazlngly dld noL dellver a baby even afLer a
long Llme lour years passed llke Lhls buL ManLls wlfe dld noL dellver Lhe chlld ManLl was
perplexed by Lhls unusual evenL so he asked Lhe baby who was sLlll ln hls moLhers womb as Lo
why he was heslLanL Lo come ouL 1he chlld replled LhaL he feared kal and Lhls was Lhe reason
why he was noL Laklng blrLh 1he chlld saldlf you can assure me of proLecLlon from kal Lhen l
shall cerLalnly Lake blrLh Pow could have ManLl glven such an assurance So he Look refuge ln
Lord ShlvaLord Shlva ordered four of hls ganas Lo go and convlnce Lhe baby 1he names of
Lhese flve ganas were uharma Cyan valragya Alshwarya and Adharma 1hey assured Lhe baby by
saylngCeL rld of your fear We assure you LhaL each four of us (uharma Cyan valragya
and Alshwarya) wlll never abandon you
1he flfLh gana named Adharma on Lhe conLrary promlsed noL Lo casLe hls evll Shadow on Lhe
baby 1hese assurances were enough for Lhe baby Lo come ouL from Lhe womb 8uL even afLer
Laklng blrLh Lhe chlld was Lrembllng and walllng ln fear1he ganas saldManLl! ?our chlld ls sLlll
fearful of Lhe kal Pe ls Lrembllng and crylng lnsplLe of Lhe besL of our efforLs Lo drlve away ls
fears So he wlll become famous as kalbhlLl (one who ls fearful of kal)
kalbhlLl grew up Lo be a vlrLuous person Pe used Lo engage hlmself ln varlous klnds of
ausLerlLles Pe was a greaL devoLee of Lord Shlva Cne day as kalbhlLl was medlLaLlng under a
bael Lree (wood apple) he wenL lnLo hls Lrance 1he [oy experlenced durlng Lrance perlod was
someLhlng whlch he had never experlenced before Pe declded Lo regularly medlLaLe under LhaL
Lree Pe dld penance for one hundred years sLandlng on hls Loe Lord Shlva became pleased by
hls devoLlon and appeared ln Lhe gulse of a human belng Lord Shlva saldC CreaL soul lease
dlsconLlnue wlLh your penance l have broughL some waLer for you! lease quench your LhlrsL!
8uL kalbhlLl refused Lo Lake waLer from an unknown person Pe requesLed Lord Shlva Lo reveal
hls ldenLlLy kalbhlLl also lnqulred Lord Shlva abouL hls rellglon and conducL Lord Shlva Lold
hlm LhaL he was beyond any rellglon or conducLWhen kalbhlLl refused Lo have waLer Lord
Shlva dug up a large plL and empLled Lhe poL lnLo lL AfLer LhaL he dlsappeared kalbheeLl sLood
flxed aL LhaL place belng sLunned by Lhe dlsappearance of Lord Shlva Suddenly an effulgenL
Shlvallnga appeared under LhaL bael (wood apple) Lree kalbheeLl worshlpped LhaL Shlvallnga
whlch was radlaLlng llghL ln all dlrecLlons now Lord Shlva appeared and blessed kalbheeLl Lo
become free from Lhe fear of kal (ueaLh) lrom LhaL day onwards Lhe Shlvallnga slLuaLed Lhere
became famous as Mahakal 8efore dlsappearlng once agaln Lord Shlva lnsLrucLed kalbheeLl Lo
preach Sage karandham who was expecLed Lo vlslL hlm shorLly kalbheeLl hlmself became
renowned as Mahakal because he had been successful ln conquerlng deaLh
kA8AnuPAMS CuL8lLS
As predlcLed by Lord Shlva klng karandham arrlved aL Lhe place where Mahakal (kalbheeLl)
was sLaylng llrsL of all he worshlpped Lord Mahakal and subsequenLly wenL Lo meeL Sage
Mahakal (prevlously kalbheeLl) klng karandham had numerous doubLs regardlng Lhe rlLuals of
Shraddh so he asked MahakalPow does Lhe rlLuals relaLed Lo Larpan saLlsfy Lhe dead
ancesLors?
Mahakal replled1he souls of dead ancesLors are capable of accepLlng whaLever ls offered Lo
Lhem 1lme and dlsLance does noL maLLer Lo Lhem 1hey accepL only Lhe essence of whaLever ls
offered Lo Lhem and noL Lhe gross maLerlals as such karandham posed hls second queryl Lhlnk
a soul afLer lL has abandoned Lhe morLal body ls bound by lLs own karma 1hen how can Lhe
dead ancesLors be expecLed of glvlng us blesslngs and changlng our forLunes
Mahakal repllednoL all lLras (dead ancesLors) are bound by Lhelr karma lLras belonglng Lo
dlfferenL classes llke delLles asuras and yaksha are unembodled and formless (amurLa)
Slmllarly Lhe dead ancesLors of all Lhe four casLes are called murLa lLras (wlLh form) 1hese seven
Lypes of lLras are consldered Lo be eLernal and powerful 1hey also Lranscend Lhe law of
karma A LoLal number of 31 ganas are subordlnaLe Lo Lhem 1he rlLuals of Shraddh are
performed for Lhe paclflcaLlon of Lhese seven eLernal lLras 1hese seven lLras are Lhe ones who
shower blesslngs on Lhe performers of Shraddh rlLuals karandhams nexL quesLlon wasSome
people are of Lhe vlew LhaL one can aLLaln salvaLlon only by Laklng refuge ln Lord vlshnu Whlle
some Lhlnk LhaL only Lord 8rahma ls capable of glvlng salvaLlon 1here are many people who
conslder Lord Shlva as Lhe supreme llberaLor WhaL do you have Lo say on Lhls?
Mahakal replledCod ls one 1he Lhree delLles you have named even Lhey euloglze each oLher lL
ls noLhlng buL foollshness Lo grade Lhem as superlor average or lnferlor 1he Lhlng whlch
maLLers mosL ln Lhe paLh of salvaLlon ls lndlvlduals unfllnchlng falLh and devoLlon Any delLy ln
whom he has LoLal devoLlon ls capable of glvlng salvaLlon karandham Lhen requesLed Mahakal
Lo descrlbe Lhe approprlaLe rlLuals relaLed wlLh Lhe worshlp of Lord Shlva
Mahakal replledA devoLee who puLs on Lrlpund mark on hls forehead chesL and boLh Lhe
shoulders whlle worshlpplng Lord Shlva ls blessed Lo see Lhe dlvlne appearance of Lord Shlva
Pe should enLer Lhe Lemple premlse wlLh a pure hearL AfLer enLerlng Lhe Lemple he should purlfy
Lhe Shlvallnga by removlng all Lhe unnecessary arLlcles whlch may be lylng Lhere Pe should
Lhen flll up four Caruas (drlnklng poL wlLh a curved spouL) wlLh waLer ArLlcles llke mllk curd
clarlfled buLLer honey and sugarcane [ulce are kepL Lo Lhe lefL slde of Shlvallnga 1he devoLee
should Lhen come ouL of Lhe Lemple and worshlp Lhe dwarpalas AfLer LhaL delLles llke kuldevLa
nandl Mahakal uhaLa and vldhaLa are worshlpped
Cnce agaln he should enLer Lhe Lemple and slL ln fronL of Lhe Shlvallnga and medlLaLe on Lord
Shlva Whlle performlng ardhya he should make offerlngs of arLlcles llke waLer akshaL kusha
grass sandalwood flowers musLard seeds mllk curd and honey Pavlng offered ardhya a
devoLee should perform Lhe rlLual of abluLlon wlLh waLer mllk curd honey clarlfled buLLer and
sugarcane [ulce ln Lhe glven order
Whlle performlng Lhls rlLual Lhe devoLee should also offer dhupa (lncense) and chanL
Cm Poom vlshvamurLaye namah
Some oLher delLles whom a devoLee musL worshlp along wlLh Lhe worshlp of Lord Shlva are
lshan 1aLpurush Sadryo[aL eLc A devoLee musL also noL forgeL Lo worshlp Shlvas LrldenL Whlle
dolng Lhls he should chanL
1rlshul uhanuh khadga kapal kuLharebhyo namah
A devoLee should conclude hls worshlp by begglng for Lord Shlvas forglveness for any mlsLake
LhaL he mlghL have commlLLed whlle performlng Lhe rlLuals
A8unACPAL SPlvALlnCA
Cnce SuL[l had gone Lo nalmlsharanya All Lhe sages resldlng Lhere asked hlm abouL Lhe
manlfesLaLlon of Arunachal Shlvallnga SuL[l recounLed a Lale when Sage Sanak had posed Lhe same
query Lo Lord 8rahma Lord 8rahma had Lold Sanak Son once Lord vlshnu and l
wlLnessed an effulgenL plllar lL had manlfesLed from nowhere and was llmlLless ln slze lLs
radlance puL Lhe whole world ablaze 8oLh of us worshlpped LhaL marvelous plllar by chanLlng
vedlc manLras AcLually LhaL effulgenL plllar was a Shlvallnga Lord Shlva manlfesLed from lL
afLer belng pleased by our devoLlon We requesLed hlm Lo mlnlmlze hls slze and esLabllsh hlmself
ln Lhe form of Arunachal Shlvallnga
Lord Shlva agreed Lo mlnlmlze hls slze as well as hls effulgence by esLabllshlng hlmself ln Lhe
form of Arunachaleshwar 1he holy place of Arunachaleshwar remalns unLouched whlle Lhe
whole world geLs submerged ln waLer aL Lhe Llme of deluge
LC8u SPlvA1PL SCvL8LlCn C8LA1C8
1he sages Lhen asked SuL[l how Lord Shlva had creaLed Lhe unlverse
SuL[l replledLord Shlva commenced creaLlon by hls own wlll vlshnu manlfesLed from Lhe lefL
slde of hls body whlle 8rahma from Lhe rlghL slde Pe Lhen aLLrlbuLed Lhe quallLles of 8a[as and
SaLva Lo 8rahma and vlshnu respecLlvely lrom Lhen onwards Lord 8rahma Look Lhe
responslblllLy of furLher creaLlon and Lord vlshnu became Lhe preserver of Lhe world LaLer on
Lord 8rahma creaLed hls Len ManaspuLras (Marlchl eLc) by hls wlll and uaksha ra[apaLl from
hls rlghL Lhumb Pe also creaLed Lhe brahmlns from hls mouLh kshaLrlyas from boLh hls arms
valshyas from boLh hls Lhlghs and Shudras from boLh hls feeL respecLlvely 8oLh Lhe delLles and
demons came from Lhe llneage of Sage kashyap who hlmself was Marlchls son noL only LhaL
kashyap also faLhered dlfferenL specles llke MaruL nag ?aksha Candharva and Apsaras
Slmllarly Lord 8rahma had also creaLed Manu who ls belleved Lo be Lhe person from whom
human race orlglnaLed All Lhe sages as well as Lhe kshaLrlyas are Lhe descendanLs of Sage ALrl
?akshas orlglnaLed from ulasLya whereas 8akshashas were Lhe descendanLs of ulah Agnl as
well as Sages llke Chyavan was Lhe descendanL of 8hrlgu Many famous sages came from Lhe
llneage of vashlshLha 1hese are Lhe names of few promlnenL sages whose descendanLs have
populaLed Lhe earLh 1hus Lord Shlva ls Lhe Soverelgn creaLor because he creaLed 8rahmaLhe
creaLor
LxLCu1lCn Cl SPuM8P nlSPuM8P Anu
MAPlSPASu8
1he demons named Shumbh and nlshumbh had recelved boons from 8rahma accordlng Lo
whlch no delLy demon or Man could klll hlm Shumbh and nlshumbh became excesslvely
arroganL and sLarLed LormenLlng Lhe delLles All Lhe delLles lncludlng Lord vlshnu wenL Lo Lord
Shlva and requesLed for hls help Lord Shlva assured Lhem LhaL boLh Lhe demons would be kllled
aL Lhe opporLune Llme 1he delLles were saLlsfled and reLurned back Lo Lhelr respecLlve abodes
arvaLl was of dark complexlon She LhoughL LhaL Shlva would be more affecLlonaLe Lowards her
lf she somehow dlscarded her dark skln She evenLually dlscarded her dark skln aL a place and lL
lnsLanLly goL Lransformed lnLo kall kaushlkl She Lhen dld an ausLere penance aL vlndhyachal
mounLaln AL LhaL Llme Shumbh and nlshumbh llved Lhere When boLh Lhe demons saw goddess kall
kaushlkl her dlvlne beauLy lnfaLuaLed Lhem 8uL Coddess kall kaushlkl ulLlmaLely kllled
boLh of Lhem
Pavlng accompllshed her mlsslon kall kaushlkl dld a Lremendous penance aL Caurlpeak and
regalned her falr complexlon ln course of Llme she became Lhe moLher of Canesh and karLlkeya
Cnce goddess arvaLl wenL Lo Arunachal mounLaln where Sage CauLam was dolng penance She
was so enchanLed by Lhe scenery over Lhere LhaL she declded Lo do penance She lnsLrucLed
goddess uurga Lo sLand guard Llll she accompllshed her penance She also ordered Lhe Lwo
goddesses Subhaga and uhundhukumarl Lo keep a waLch ln all dlrecLlons
MahlshasurLhe demon senL a female messenger Lo convlnce arvaLl lnLo marrylng hlm 1he
female messenger dlsgulsed herself as a female hermlL and Lrled Lo lmpress all Lhe Lhree goddess
who were keeplng survelllance by pralslng Lhe glory of Mahlshasur
C beauLlful ladles! Why ls your mlsLress llvlng ln such a secluded place? She ls worLhy of llvlng
ln a royal palace 1here ls nobody among Lhe delLles who ls flL enough Lo marry her 8uL
MahlshasurLhe lord of all Lhe Lhree worlds ls cerLalnly flL Lo become her husband8uL all Lhe
Lhree goddesses drove Lhe female messenger away ulLlmaLely Mahlshasur came accompanled
by a large army Lo forclbly abducL goddess arvaLl 1he commoLlon caused by Lhe demons
dlsLurbed arvaLls medlLaLlon She lnsLrucLed uurga Lo klll all Lhe demons Coddess uurga
Lransformed her appearance now she looked feroclous ln her new appearance She was well
equlpped wlLh all sorL of leLhal weapons and was mounLed on a llon She Lhundered loudly and
challenged Mahlshasur CounLless yoglnls manlfesLed from her body 1hese yoglnls aLLacked
Mahlshasurs army and kllled many demons 1he whole baLLlefleld was splashed wlLh blood
Coddess Chamunda (uurga) severed Lhe heads of Chand and Mund wlLh her chakra
Mahlshasur was enraged and he aLLacked goddess uurga Some oLher demons llke rachanda
Chamar Mahamaull Mahahanu ugravakLra vlkaLaksha and uahan also came forward Lo help
hlm buL each one of Lhem was kllled by goddess uurga now Mahlshasurs anger crossed all
llmlLs and he menaclngly ran Lowards goddess uurga A severe baLLle was foughL beLween boLh
of Lhem When Mahlshasur reallzed LhaL Lhe goddess was domlnaLlng Lhe baLLle he sLarLed
changlng hls gulses frequenLly Pe Lrled Lo dodge goddess uurga by Lransformlng hls appearance
lnLo LhaL of a boar 8uL goddess uurga kepL on chaslng hlm 1hen Mahlshasur became a llon
1hls way he kepL on changlng hls appearances frequenLly Lo avold geLLlng kllled by goddess
uurga Cnce he Lransformed hlmself lnLo a buffalo buL goddess uurga aLLacked hlm
1hls way Mahlshasur was forced Lo change hls appearance frequenLly on accounL of relenLless
aLLack by goddess uurga ulLlmaLely uurga kllled hlm Coddess uurga plcked up hls severed
head and danced ln [oy 1he delLles were relleved aL Lhe deaLh of Mahlshasur
A8vA1l 8LCLlvLS A8unCPALLSPWA8S C8ACL
Coddess uurga Lhen wenL Lo Lhe place where goddess arvaLl was sLlll dolng penance She held
Mahlshasurs head ln one hand and a sword ln Lhe oLher Coddess arvaLl saldC
vlndhyavaslnl! ?ou have accompllshed an lmposslble acL lf lL were noL for you l would noL have been
able Lo accompllsh my own penance now you should geL rld of Lhls skull and creaLe a
holy sprlng baLhlng ln whlch would desLroy your sln acqulred by kllllng Mahlshasur
Coddess uurga hlL feroclously aL a huge rock breaklng lL lnLo pleces A large plL was creaLed
whlch was soon fllled up wlLh underground waLer She Lhen Look her baLh ln lL by chanLlng
namah ShonadrlnaLhay
ln Lhe meanLlme an amazlng lncldenL Look place Whlle goddess uurga was Laklng her baLh wlLh
Mahlshasurs skull ln her hand a Shlvallnga whlch was sLruck ln Mahlshasurs LhroaL fell down 1hls
Shlvallnga laLer on became famous as apanashan Shlvallnga She Lhen released Lhe skull and came
ouL from Lhe pond Arunachaleshwar (Lord Shlva) became pleased by arvaLls devoLlon and appeared
before her Lord Arunachaleshwar Lhen made arvaLl Lo slL by hls lefL slde 1he nexL momenL arvaLls
ldenLlLy mlngled wlLh LhaL of Lord Arunachaleshwar 1he place where Lhls lncldenL Look place Lhere ls
slLuaLed a grand Lemple of goddess AplLasLanl and Lord Arunachaleshwar
ll vAlSPnAv kPAnu
LC8u vA8APA SA1lSllLS 8l1PvlS Cu8lCSl1?
SuL[l Lhen narraLed Lhe Lale of Lord varaha Lo Lhe sages whlch he had heard from Sage vyasa
Cnce whlle narada was wanderlng abouL he reached Meru mounLaln where he saw Lhe abode of
Lord 8rahma Pe also saw a glanL slzed enLlLy [usL nexL Lo 8rahmas abode 1he person
possessed four arms and hls face resembled a boar 1he person held a conch and a chakra ln hls
Lwo hands1he remalnlng Lwo hands were ln Lhe posLures of glvlng blesslngs narada was very
surprlsed Lo see LhaL dlvlne person belng surrounded by Sages llke vashlshLha ALrl Markandeya
and 8hrlgu AfLer paylng hls eulogy Lo hlm he sLood ln a corner ln Lhe meanLlme rlLhvl (earLh)
arrlved Lhere wlLh her Lwo companlonslla and lngla She was curlous Lo know abouL Lhe
ldenLlLles of varlous mounLalns whlch Lord varaha had esLabllshed on her Lord varaha Lold
rlLhvl abouL Lhe promlnenL mounLalnsMounLalns llke Sumeru Plmavan Mandarachal
vlndhyachal arlyaLrak Mahendra Malay Slnhachal and Candhamadan are slLuaLed Lo Lhe
norLh of Plmalaya
1he mounLaln ranges slLuaLed Lo Lhe souLh of Plmalaya are Arunachal PasLl Crldhachal and
ChaLlkachal Sages belleve LhaL ln SaLyayuga Lord vlshnu had hls abode aL An[an MounLaln
whlle ln 1reLa yuga uwapar yuga and kall yuga he has hls abode aL narayanglrl Slnhachal and
ShrlvenkeLachal respecLlvely Lord varaha and rlLhvl flew away Lowards venkaLachalglrl
mounLed on Caruda
LC8u vA8APA MAn18A
Cn Lhelr way rlLhvl requesLed Lord varaha Lo reveal Lhe sacred manLra chanLlng of whlch
makes hlm pleased
Lord varaha sald1he secreL manLra LhaL pleases me Lo no llmlLs ls Cm naham Shrlvarahay
uharanyu uddharnay Swaha 1hls manLra ls capable of llberaLlng a man and also brlngs all sorL
of worldly accompllshmenLs Lo hlm ln Lhe flrsL krlLa yuga a Manu named uharma had reallzed
me by conLlnuously chanLlng Lhls manLra Lven lndra regalned Lhe conLrol of heaven by chanLlng lL
AnanLLhe lord of all serpenLs chanLed varaha manLra and as a resulL became capable of
holdlng Lhe earLh on lLs hood
MAnllLS1A1lCn Cl AuMAvA1l
Lord varaha Lhen narraLed Lhe Lale of admavaLls manlfesLaLlon Lo rlLhvl Pe also revealed Lo
her LhaL admavaLl was Lhe relncarnaLlon of vedavaLl and had manlfesLed so LhaL she could
become hls (vlshnu) consorLLord varaha saldCnce upon a Llme Lhere llved an emperor named
Akash Cne day he ordered hls men Lo geL Lhe land slLuaLed aL Lhe bank of Aranl ploughed so LhaL
a grand yagya could be organlzed Lhere As Lhe land was belng culLlvaLed Lhe plough suddenly
sLruck agalnsL someLhlng eople ploughlng Lhe fleld dug up LhaL place and were surprlsed Lo flnd
an lnfanL glrl crylng loudly 1he news of glrls manlfesLaLlon spread llke a wlld flre 1he emperor
became exLremely happy slnce he had no progeny Pe broughL up LhaL chlld as hls own daughLer
1hls way Lhe baby glrl was broughL up llke a prlncess She was named admavaLl admavaLl
proved very lucky for Lhe emperor as Lhe emperor who was sLlll sonless Llll Lhen was blessed
wlLh a son 1hls male chlld was named vasudan
Cne day narada vlslLed Lhe palace and meL boLh Lhe chlldren Pe was lmpressed by vasudans
lnLelllgence buL admavaLl appeared Lo be shy and absorbed ln her own LhoughLs narada
lovlngly called her and lnsLrucLed her Lo spread her lefL palm narada was amazed Lo flnd slgns
whlch predlcLed admavaLls marrlage Lo Lord vlshnu Lverybody llvlng ln Lhe palace became
happy afLer geLLlng Lhls news narada Lhen wenL away
AuMAvA1l 8LCCMLS LC8u PA8lS CCnSC81
ConLlnulng wlLh Lhe Lale Lord varaha sald Cne day whlle admavaLl and her companlons
were playlng ln Lhe garden Lhey saw an equesLrlan approachlng Lhem Pe held a bow and arrows
ln boLh hls hands 1he sLranger asked all Lhe glrls wheLher Lhey had seen a wolf ApparenLly Lhe
sLranger was on hls hunLlng spree admavaLl angrlly remlnded Lhe sLranger LhaL hunLlng was
sLrlcLly prohlblLed ln LhaL area and hence he should go back home 1he sLranger was sLunned by
admavaLls beauLy and saldl am AnanLa from venkeLachal mounLaln eople also call me
veerpaLl Can l have Lhls beauLlful lady as my wlfe
admavaLls companlons angrlly rebuffed AnanL who Lhen galloped back on hls horse 1hese
unforLunaLe glrls were unable Lo recognlze Lord vlshnu who had come dlsgulsed as AnanL AfLer
reachlng hls palace AnanL found lL very dlfflculL Lo concenLraLe on hls work Pls mlnd was
occupled by Lhe LhoughLs of admavaLl Cne day whlle he was slLLlng ln a LhoughLful mood
vakulmallka (a mald servanL) arrlved Lhere and requesLed hlm Lo come down for lunch 8uL Srl
Parl (AnanL) was losL ln Lhe LhoughLs of admavaLl Cn belng asked by vakulmallka Srl Parl
narraLed Lhe followlng Lale Lo her
ln 1reLa yuga when l had lncarnaLed as 8am 8avan had decelLfully abducLed my consorLSlLa
8uL forLunaLely she was noL SlLa buL Agnls consorL Swaha 8efore Lhls lncldenL could occur
Agnl had already Laken SlLa Lo aLalloka and kepL hls own wlfe Swaha ln her place lndras acL
had speclal purpose behlnd lLLo avenge Swahas deaLh who was vedavaLl ln her prevlous blrLh and
who had commlLLed sulclde afLer belng Louched by Lhe same demon AcLually Agnls consorL
Swaha was vedavaLl ln her prevlous blrLh So ln reallLy 8avan had abducLed vedavaLl lnsLead
of SlLa LaLer on l Lhanked Agnl and promlsed hlm LhaL l would make vedavaLl my consorL ln
kall yuga 1he same vedavaLl has Laken blrLh as admavaLl ?ou musL go and convlnce
admavaLl Lo become my consorL vakulmallka wenL Lo narayanpur and lnformed Lhe klng abouL
Srl Parls deslre Lmperor Akash was exLremely dellghLed aL Lhe prospecL of havlng Srl Parl as
hls sonlnlaw An ausplclous day was chosen for Lhe marrlage and Lhus Lord Srl Parl goL
admavaLl as hls consorL
klnC A8lkSPl1
Cnce SuL[l narraLed Lhe Lale of klng arlkshlL Lo all Lhe assembled sagesarlkshlL ruled over
PasLlnapur Cne day he wenL lnLo a foresL on a hunLlng spree Pe saw a deer and managed Lo
ln[ure lL wlLh hls arrow 8uL Lhe ln[ured deer dlsappeared from hls slghL arlkshlL chased Lhe
ln[ured deer ln Lhe dlrecLlon lL had dlsappeared Pe reached a place where Sage Shamlk was
engrossed ln hls medlLaLlon arlkshlL enqulred Sage Shamlk lf he had seen LhaL ln[ured deer 8uL
Sage Shamlk belng ln deep medlLaLlon dld noL respond Lo arlkshlL query 1hls made arlkshlL
exLremely angry and he wrapped a dead snake around Shamlks neck as a punlshmenL for noL
havlng answered hls quesLlon 8uL lL made no dlfference Lo Sage Shamlk and he conLlnued wlLh
hls medlLaLlon arlkshlL wenL back fumlng ln anger
Shrlngl was Lhe son of Sage Shamlk When he saw a dead snake colllng around hls faLhers neck
he cursedWhoever has Lrled Lo lnsulL my faLher wlll noL llve Lo see Lhe sevenLh day because a
Lakshak nag would blLe hlm Lo deaLh
When Sage Shamlk learnL abouL hls sons curse he reproached hls son and senL a dlsclple named
uaurmukh Lo lnform arlkshlL so LhaL he (arlkshlL) could Lake some prevenLlve measures
uaurmukh wenL and narraLed Lhe whole lncldenL Lo klng arlkshlL arlkshlL became very scared
and he sLarLed llvlng on a canopy LhaL had been consLrucLed ln Lhe mlddle of rlver Canges on hls
lnsLrucLlons now he felL secured and safe Meanwhlle a poor brahmln named kashyap came Lo
know abouL Lhe curse LhaL poor arlkshlL had recelved Pe knew how Lo cure a person blLLen by
snake So he LhoughL LhaL lL was an excellenL opporLunlLy for hlm Lo recelve moneLary awards
from Lhe klng So he proceeded Lowards Lhe place where arlkshlL was sLaylng
Cn hls way kashyap meL a brahmln who ln reallLy was 1akshak ln dlsgulse 1akshak was on hls
way Lo klll arlkshlL Pe asked kashyap abouL Lhe reason he was golng Lo meeL arlkshlL
kashyap revealed Lo 1akshak LhaL he could neuLrallze Lhe lnfluence of polson ln any person
blLLen by a snake 1akshak wanLed Lo examlne Lhe auLhenLlclLy of kashyaps sLaLemenL so he
lnserLed hls polsonous fangs lnLo Lhe Lrunk of a huge Lree A man was slLLlng on Lhe branches of
LhaL Lree 1he Lree as well as Lhe man was charred Lo deaLh wlLhln no Llme
kashyap really broughL Lhe Lree and LhaL man back Lo llfe 1akshak was sLunned by Lhls
unbellevable acL Pe asked kashyap how much he expecLed as reward from Lhe klng kashyap
revealed Lhe amounL whlch he expecLed from arlkshlL ln lleu of glvlng hlm a fresh lease of llfe
1akshak gave loL of wealLh Lo hlm as a brlbe and kashyap wenL back home saLlsfled 1akshak
Lhen summoned all hls companlons and lnsLrucLed Lhem Lo go Lo Lhe place where arlkshlL llved
dlsgulslng Lhemselves as hermlLs All Lhe serpenLs wenL Lo meeL arlkshlL lmpersonaLlng as
hermlLs and offered frulLs Lo hlm Accordlng Lo hls plan 1akshak had hldden hlmself wlLhln a
plum frulL Pe blL arlkshlL as soon as he goL a chance arlkshlL dled lnsLanLly !anme[aya was
crowned as Lhe nexL klng Meanwhlle people sLarLed crlLlclzlng Lhe Lreacherous conducL of
kashyap whlch had resulLed ln Lhe deaLh of klng arlkshlL Pe declded Lo make a pllgrlmage Lo
venkeLachaleshwar so LhaL he became llberaLed from hls sln
k8lSPnA 1LL81P
SuL[l narraLed a Lale Lo all Lhe assembled sagesuurlng anclenL Llmes a brahmln named
8amkrlshna dld an ausLere penance aL venkeLachal mounLaln Pe remalned lmmoblle durlng Lhe
enLlre course of hls penance resulLlng lnLo Lhe developmenL of mole hllls all over hls body lndra
was scarred by 8amkrlshnas penance and caused a heavy downpour for a week All Lhe mole
hllls were washed away from 8amkrlshnas body Lord Srlnlvas became pleased and appeared
before hlm Pe blessed 8amkrlshna by saylng1hls holy place where you have performed a
greaL penance wlll be named afLer you as krlshna LeerLh Anybody who makes a pllgrlmage Lo
Lhls place wlll be llberaLed from all Lhe slns
Luloglzlng Lord venkeLashwar SuL[l saysA man who has Lhe good forLune of seelng Lhe
dlvlne appearance of Lord Srlnlvas even for a momenL aLLalns salvaLlon
SCML C1PL8 LACLS Cl lLC8lMACL Cn
vLnkL1ACPAL MCun1Aln
All Lhe sages Lhen requesLed SuL[l Lo Lell abouL some oLher places of pllgrlmage slLuaLed on
venkeLachal mounLaln
SuL[l replled1here are abouL one hundred and elghL holy places slLuaLed on venkeLachal
mounLaln Among all Lhese holy places slx are consldered Lo be capable of besLowlng salvaLlon
Swaml pushkarlnl Akash ganga apvlnashan anduLeerLh kumar dharlka LeerLh and 1umbu
LeerLh
An!AnAS LnAnCL A1 AkASPCAnCA 1LL81P
uescrlblng how vayudeva had once assured An[ana LhaL he would Lake blrLh as her son SuL[l
Lold Lhe sagesAn[ana belng lssue less even afLer a long marrled llfe declded Lo do penance ln
order Lo begeL a son Sage MaLang advlsed her Lo go Lo Akashganga LeerLh where her wlshes
would geL fulfllled Sage MaLang also descrlbed Lhe geographlcal locaLlon AL a dlsLance of Len
yo[ans Lowards souLh ls slLuaLed uhanachal mounLaln whlch ls belleved Lo be Lhe abode of Lord
nrlslmha 8rahma LeerLh lles ln lLs vlclnlLy AL a dlsLance of Len yo[ans souLh of 8rahma LeerLh
flows rlver Suvarnamukharl venkenLachal mounLaln ls slLuaLed Lo Lhe norLh of Lhls rlver and Lhe
hollesL place called Swamlpushkarnl ls slLuaLed among lLs numerous peaks ?ou should vlslL LhaL
place and Lake a holy dlp ln lLs waLer AfLer LhaL you should seek Lhe blesslngs of Lord varahaswaml and
Lord venkeLeshwar ?ou should Lhen go Lowards norLh of Swaml LeerLh and
you would reach Akashganga
AcLlng as per MaLangs lnsLrucLlons An[ana wenL Lo Akashganga LeerLh and dld her penance
llnally Lord vayudeva appeared before her and promlsed Lo lncarnaLe as Panuman
vlSPnu AuvlSLS 88APMA 1C CC 1C
u8uSPC11AM kSPL18A
1he Sages askedC revered sage! We would llke Lo know more abouL urushoLLam ksheLra
where Lhere ls a ma[esLlc wooden ldol of Lord vlshnu
Sage !almlnl replled1he sacrosancL place of urushoLLam ksheLra ls graced by Lhe presence of
Lord !agannaLh uurlng anclenL Llmes Lord varaha had rescued rlLhvl from Lhe cluLches of
PlranyakshaLhe mlghLy demon who had abducLed her Lo 8asaLala AfLer rlLhvl had been
esLabllshed ln lLs orlglnal poslLlon Lord 8rahma commenced hls creaLlons Lord 8rahma
wondered abouL Lhe means by whlch human belngs could geL llberaLed from Lhree ma[or Lypes of
sorrowAdhyaLmlc (splrlLual) Adhldalvlk (delLles wraLh) AdhlbhanLlk (relaLed wlLh Lhls
world) Pe soughL Lhe help of Lord vlshnu who euloglzed Lhe greaLness of urushoLLam ksheLra
and advlsed hlm Lo go Lhere Lord vlshnu sald urushoLLam ksheLra ls slLuaLed aL Lhe seashore Lo Lhe
souLh of rlver Mahanadl 1hls sacroscanL place of mlne does noL geL affecLed by
deluge l dwell aL Lhls hollesL place as Lord urushoLLam 1here ls a holy pond called 8ohln ln
Lhe vlclnlLy Anybody who Lakes a holy dlp ln LhaL pond geLs absolved of all hls slns C 8rahma!
?ou musL pay a vlslL Lo urushoLLam ksheLra where spendlng a day besLows vlrLues greaLer Lhan
all Lhe ausLerlLles comblned LogeLher
1hls way Lord 8rahma wenL Lo urushoLLam ksheLra as per Lhe lnsLrucLlons of Lord vlshnu
MA8kAnuL?A LuLCClZLS vlSPnu
Lord 8rahma soon afLer reachlng urushoLLam ksheLra saL down and sLarLed medlLaLlng Pe was
so engrossed ln hls medlLaLlon LhaL he remalned ln LhaL sLaLe for a very long Llme 1hls resulLed
lnLo LoLal chaos as ?amara[ found LhaL hls power of causlng deaLh had no effecL on people llvlng
ln urushoLLam ksheLra Worrled as he was ?amara[ rushed Lowards neelachal mounLaln and
soughL Lord vlshnus lnLervenLlon ln Lhe maLLer
Lord vlshnu smlled and slgnaled goddess Lakshml Lo say someLhlng Coddess Lakshml saldC
Suryanandan! Anybody resldlng aL Lhls holy place ls freed from Lhe vlclous cycles of blrLh and
deaLh afLer becomlng absolved of all hls slns 1hls ls Lhe reason why you are experlenclng Lhls
unusual problem 1he whole world excepL Lhls holy place wlll come lnLo your [urlsdlcLlon
?amara[ was amazed by Lhls revelaLlon so he asked Lakshmll would llke Lo know why such a
prlvllege ls belng glven Lo Lhls place?Lakshml replledC 8avlnandan! AL Lhe Llme of deluge when Lhe
whole world was submerged ln
Lhe waLer sage Markandeya was sLruggllng Lo flnd a secure place for hls survlval AlLhough he
was blessed wlLh an unusually long llfe of seven kalpas buL sLlll he needed a place Lo llve ln Pe
sLarLed swlmmlng and flnally managed Lo reach urushoLLam ksheLra whlch had remalned
unscaLhed by Lhe Lurbulence of Lhe deluge 1here he saw a dlvlne Lree called Akshay vaL
Markandeya conLlnued Lo swlm along Lhe coasL wonderlng how LhaL place had managed Lo
remaln unaffecLed by deluge when Lhe whole world had been submerged Suddenly he heard a
volce whlch appeared Lo be comlng from Lhe dlrecLlon of Lhe Akshay vaLC Markandeya!
uonL worry! 1ake my refuge and you shall be proLecLed
Markandeya was very surprlsed and looked all around Pe kepL on swlmmlng and saw Lord
vlshnu who was engrossed ln hls yoga nldra ln ksheer Sagar l (Lakshml) was also presenL
Lhere Markandeya euloglzed vlshnu ln Lhe followlng waySaluLaLlons Lo Lhe supreme lord Lhe
source of all creaLlons! C !agannaLh! roLecL me from geLLlng drowned
Lord vlshnu opened hls eyes and found Markandeya gasplng for breaLh Cn reallzlng Lhe gravlLy
of Lhe slLuaLlon he sald8alse your head and look aL Lhe Lop of Lhls kalpa vaL ?ou would flnd
an lnfanL sleeplng on a leaf of Lhe kalpa vaL 1he lnfanL ls none oLher Lhan kal hlmself ?ou
should enLer lnslde hls (kals) body Lhrough hls opened mouLh and llve peacefully as Lhere ls no
oLher place for you Lo llve ln
Markandeya enLered lnLo kals body as per Lhe lnsLrucLlons glven by Lord vlshnu and was
amazed by Lhe expanse of hls belly whlch appeared llke a boLLomless plL Pe also saw all Lhe
fourLeen 8huvans exlsLlng wlLhln kals belly lncludlng all Lhe creaLuresdelLles sages slddhas
gandharvas eLc Markandeya wandered all over Lhe place and afLer geLLlng Llred came ouL
Lhrough kals opened mouLh Pe found Lord vlshnu was sLlll presenL Lhere accompanled by hls
consorLLakshml Markandeya made saluLaLlons Lo boLh of Lhem and narraLed hls experlences he
had lnslde kals belly Lord vlshnu blessed hlm and made a revelaLlon 1he place you had
vlslLed few momenLs ago ls beyond Lhe llmlLs of creaLlon or deluge 1he name of Lhls hollesL
place ls urushoLLam ksheLra and lL ls my permanenL abode for l do noL leave lL even for a
momenLMarkandeya was very lmpressed and requesLed Lord vlshnu Lo allow hlm Lo llve Lhere
Lord vlshnu replled C 8rahmarlshl! l shall remaln aL urushoLLamksheLra Llll Lhe end of Lhls
kalpa l shall also creaLe a sacrosancL place whlch would enable you Lo become lmmorLal
Sage Markandeya Lhen dug up a reservolr wlLh Lhe help of vlshnus chakra Pe dld an ausLere
penance Lo please lord Maheshwar as Lhe resulL of whlch he was lndeed blessed wlLh lmmorLallLy
ln course of Llme Lhls reservolr became famous as Markandeya kund
PCL? LACLS ln 1PL vlClnl1? Cl u8uSPC11AM
kSPL18A
uwelllng ln lengLh upon Lhe ma[esLy of urushoLLam ksheLra goddess Lakshml sald
urushoLLam ksheLra resembles a conch ln shape and ls graced by Lhe presence of lord Shlva
1owards lLs norLh ls slLuaLed a Lemple of lord neelkanLh A famous Shlvallnga named kapal mochan ls
also slLuaLed ln Lhe vlclnlLy Cne who makes a pllgrlmage Lo kapalmochan becomes
llberaLed from gravesL of slns A Lemple of goddess vlmla devl ls also slLuaLed nearby
urushoLLam ksheLra ls consldered Lo be supreme among all Lhe places of pllgrlmage and for Lhls
very reason lL ls apLly named 1eerLh 8a[ A dlvlne pond called 8ohln kund ls also slLuaLed
nearby Anybody who Lakes a holy dlp Lhere ls freed from Lhe vlclous cycles of blrLh and deaLh lL
ls belleved LhaL Lhe lncreased level of waLer aL Lhe Llme of deluge ulLlmaLely recedes and
dlsappears lnLo Lhls pond
Coddess Lakshml sald C uhanra[! 1hls holy place ls beyond your [urlsdlcLlon because people
llvlng Lhere never experlence deaLh lL ls well proLecLed by elghL goddesses from all Lhe elghL
dlrecLlons 1he names of Lhese elghL goddesses are Mangla Lamba kalraLrl Marlchlka vlmla
Sarvamangla Ardhashlnl and Chandrupa Pow can Lord 8udra be absenL when 8udranl has
manlfesLed herself ln elghL forms so he has manlfesLed hlmself ln elghL dlfferenL forms as
wellkapalmochan ksheLrapal ?ameshwar Markandeyeshwar lshan 8llveshwar neelkanLh and
vaLeshwarWhlle descrlblng Lhe ma[esLy of urushoLLam ksheLra goddess Lakshml revealed Lo
Lord 8rahma ln Lhe comlng SaLya yuga Lhere would be a klng named lndradyumna and would
be famous for hls unfllnchlng devoLlon ln Lord vlshnu 8elng pleased by Lhe klngs devoLlon
Lord vlshnu would ulLlmaLely manlfesL hlmself from a wooden sLrucLure Lo bless hlm
vlshwakarma would Lhen carve ouL four ldols (!agannaLh 8albhadra Subhadra and Sudarshan
chakra) from Lhe wooden block all of whlch would be lnsLalled by none oLher Lhan you
(8rahma)
Cnce whlle Sage !almlnl was descrlblng Lhe greaLness of urushoLLam ksheLra Lo Lhe assembled
sages all of Lhem curlously asked hlmWhere ls urushoLLam ksheLra slLuaLed?
!almlnl replled uLkal ls slLuaLed aL Lhe easLern coasL of 8haraLavarsha AL Lhe Llme of deluge
when everyLhlng geLs submerged ln waLer uLkal remalns unaffecLed and lL ls Lhe very place from
where Lhe knowledge of Lhe vedas spread ln all dlrecLlons 1he resldenLs of uLkal are noL only
learned buL also very prosperous 1here ls noL a slngle person ln Lhls land who ls noL a devoLee of
lord vlshnu All Lhe people belonglng Lo Lhe four promlnenL casLes (8rahmln kshaLrlya valshya
and Shudra) dlllgenLly follow Lhelr respecLlve dharma 1hls holy place never experlences naLural
calamlLles of any klnd
Sage !almlnl Lhen wenL on Lo narraLe Lhe Lale of klng lndradyumna Lo all Lhe assembled sages ln
SaLya yuga Lhere llved a noble and vlrLuous klng named lndradyumna who ruled over Lhe
provlnce of Malva Pe was a greaL devoLee of Lord vlshnu Cne day whlle worshlpplng ln a
Lemple he asked Lhe prlesL l have a wlsh whlch sLlll remalns unfulfllled l have a deep deslre of
seelng lord !agannaLh wlLh my morLal eyes ls Lhere any means wlLh Lhe help of whlch l can geL
my wlsh fulfllled?
1he royal prlesL had no answer Lo Lhe klngs query so he kepL quleL Suddenly he saw a group of
pllgrlms comlng Lowards Lhe Lemple Pe LhoughL LhaL perhaps one of Lhem mlghL be havlng an
answer Lo Lhe klngs query When Lhe pllgrlms arrlved aL Lhe Lemple Lhe royal prlesL posed Lhe
same quesLlon Lo Lhem Cne of Lhe pllgrlms answered 1here ls a place called Cdhra where ls
slLuaLed a grand Lemple of Lord !agannaLh 1hls sacrosancL place ls also famously known as urushoLLam
ksheLra and ls slLuaLed aL Lhe fooLhllls of Lhe neelachal mounLaln 1here ls a holy
pond called 8ohln slLuaLed nearby AL Lhe easLern bank of Lhls pond ls slLuaLed a ma[esLlc Lemple
of Lord vasudev 1he ldol of Lord vasudev ls made of lndraneel dlamond 1o Lhe wesL of Lhls
Lemple lles Shabardeep hermlLage from where sLarLs a paLh leadlng Lo !agannaLh Lemple
Pavlng sald Lhls Lhe pllgrlm dlsappeared from everybodys slghL noL only lndradyumna buL all
Lhe pllgrlms were equally amazed by hls sudden dlsappearance lndradyumna was convlnced LhaL
lord !agannaLh had hlmself come Lhere ln Lhe gulse of a pllgrlm now hls deslre of vlslLlng
urushoLLam ksheLra became even more lnLense lndradyumna lnsLrucLed hls prlesL Lo flnd ouL Lhe
exacL locaLlon of urushoLLam ksheLra by sendlng somebody over Lhere LaLer on Lhe prlesL wenL
home and soughL Lhe help of vldyapaLlhls younger broLher ln Lhls regard vldyapaLl readlly
agreed Lo help hls broLher and one flne day he proceeded on hls [ourney wlLh a selecL group of hls
LrusLed frlends
AfLer a long and arduous [ourney all of Lhem reached Lkamravan foresL slLuaLed aL Lhe fooLhllls
of neelachal mounLaln 1he LhoughL of belng so near Lhelr desLlnaLlon made everybody exLremely
exclLed 8uL desplLe Lhelr besL of efforLs Lhey could noL flnd Shabardeep ashram 8elng Llred all
of Lhem declded Lo Lake resL for a whlle and Lhen recommence Lhelr efforLs Lo flnd ouL Lhe locaLlon
of Shabardeep hermlLage llndlng a huge Lree all of Lhem Look resL under Lhe shade of LhaL Lree
Suddenly Lhey heard a heavenly volce whlch appeared Lo be comlng from Lhe wesLern dlrecLlon
1hey followed Lhe volce and reached Shabardeep ashram ln a shorL Llme 1here Lhey saw a large
gaLherlng of devoLees Cne of Lhe devoLees whose name was vlshvavasu curlously asked
vldyapaLllL ls noL easy Lo reach Lhls place lrom where are you comlng and where do you
lnLend Lo go? ?ou musL be LlredwalL Llll l reLurn wlLh some refreshmenL for all of you
vldyapaLl was noL ln a mood Lo wasLe hls Llme as he was aware LhaL lndradyumna was eagerly
walLlng for hlm Lo reLurn Pe Lold vlshvavasu l have a dlfflculL mlsslon Lo accompllsh so l am
noL ln a poslLlon Lo wasLe my Llme l am Lhe younger broLher of Lhe royal prlesL of klng
lndradyumna 1he klng has vowed noL Lo have a slngle morsel of food Llll he makes a pllgrlmage
Lo urushoLLam ksheLra Pe has senL me wlLh a speclflc purpose of flndlng Lhe exacL locaLlon of
urushoLLam ksheLra and Lhe easlesL rouLe leadlng Lo lL So help me reach Lhe Lemple of Lord
!agannaLh as soon as posslble
vlu?AA1l LuLCClZLS LC8u nLLLMAuPAv
vlshvavasu Lold vldyapaLl l have heard Lhls prophesy of lndradyumnas posslble arrlval aL
urushoLLam ksheLra ln Lhe near fuLure noL only LhaL l have also heard LhaL lndradyumna would
become so lmpressed wlLh urushoLLam ksheLra LhaL he would seLLle down Lhere for good afLer
renounclng everyLhlng
vlshvavasu Lhen requesLed vldyapaLl Lo follow hlm and sLarLed negoLlaLlng Lhe sLeep helghLs of
neelachal mounLaln vldyapaLl followed hlm Lhrough Lhe curvy and arduous paLhs of Lhe
mounLaln Pavlng walked for someLlme vlshvavasu polnLed Lowards a pond and sald1hls
pond ls famously known as 8ohln kund 1he kalpa vaL LhaL you see Lowards Lhe easL of Lhls pond
ls consldered Lo be so sacrosancL LhaL a slnner becomes llberaLed of all hls slns once he comes
under lLs shade Lord !agannaLhs Lemple ls slLuaLed beLween 8ohln kund and Lhe kalpa vaL Co ahead
and have a darshan of Lord !agannaLh for whom you have underLaken such an arduous
Lravel
vldyapaLls [oys knew no bounds as he had been walLlng for Lhls momenL for a long Llme llrsL he
purlfled hlmself by Laklng a holy dlp ln 8ohln kund and Lhen wenL lnslde Lhe Lemple Lo worshlp
Lord !agannaLh Pe worshlpped Lord !agannaLh by chanLlng Lhe sacred pranav manLra AfLer Lhe
worshlp was over vlshvavasu requesLed vldyapaLlLo vlslL hls place whlch was nearby vldyapaLl
agreed and accompanled vlshvavasu Lo hls place vldyapaLl was glven a royal LreaL by hls hosL
whlch made hlm wonder as Lo how could vlshvavasu arrange all Lhe luxurlous Lhlngs aL such a
remoLe place Pe could noL conLrol hlmself and asked vlshvavasu Lven a klng would have
found lL dlfflculL Lo LreaL hls guesL as lavlshly llke you! l am amazed how you could make
arrangemenLs for all Lhese Lhlngs aL a remoLe and secluded place llke Lhls! Pow do you manage
Lhls?
vlshvavasu replled lL ls noL as dlfflculL as you belleve Slnce urushoLLam ksheLra ls a
sacrosancL place and lL ls frequenLly vlslLed by Lhe delLles who make dlvlne offerlngs Lo Lord
!agannaLh l collecL Lhe reslduals of whaLever ls offered Lo !agannaLh from Lhe Lemple and brlng lL
home So l really donL have Lo make any speclal efforLs Lo accumulaLe dlvlne food sLuffs Cn
accounL of eaLlng Lhese dlvlne food sLuffs noL only we have been blessed by eLernal youLh buL
also we are never Lroubled by old age vldyapaLl was very lmpressed and requesLed vlshvavasu
Lo become hls frlend Pe also remlnded vlshvavasu LhaL he wanLed Lo reLurn as soon as posslble
so LhaL Lhe klng could go on a pllgrlmage Lo urushoLLam ksheLra 8uL vlshvavasu made a
shocklng dlsclosure Lo vldyapaLl and sald klng lndradyumna wlll never be able Lo have a
dlvlne gllmpse of Lord !agannaLh as Lhe lord ls soon golng Lo dlsappear 8uL donL dlsclose Lhls
facL Lo Lhe klng oLherwlse he would geL dlshearLened and abandon hls plan of maklng a
pllgrlmage Lo urushoLLam ksheLra llnally when Lhe klng ln hls uLLer frusLraLlon would Lry Lo
end hls llfe afLer noL belng able Lo have a dlvlne gllmpse of neelmadhav Lhe mosL graclous lord
wlll appear ln hls dream and lnsLrucL hlm Lo geL consLrucLed four wooden ldols of !agannaLh
8albhadra Subhadra and Sudarshan chakra
Pavlng accompllshed hls mlsslon vldyapaLl proceeded on hls reLurn [ourney and once agaln he
vlslLed urushoLLam ksheLra whlch fell on Lhe way Pe plcked up a garland whlch had been
offered Lo neelmadhav by some delLy llnally when he reached Malwa he found klng
lndradyumna eagerly walLlng for hlm AfLer presenLlng Lhe garland Lo Lhe klng he narraLed hls
experlences he had aL urushoLLam ksheLra C klng! Lord !agannaLhs ldol ls made of neelmanl
dlamond and ls very anclenL Lven Lhe delLles have deep regards and undlluLed reverence for
Lord !agannaLh and are frequenL vlslLors Lo urushoLLam ksheLra 1he garland whlch l have
glven you was ln facL had been offered Lo Lord !agannaLh by Lhe delLles Lhese flowers do noL
wlLher and have fragrance lasLlng for eLernlLy urushoLLam ksheLra remalns unLouched by old
age sorrow or dlsease and glves salvaLlon Lo anybody who goes on a pllgrlmage over Lhere
lnu8Au?uMnA LLAvLS lC8 u8uSPC11AM
kSPL18Alndradyumna had been walLlng for Lhls momenL for a long Llme Lhe momenL when he would
geL
a chance Lo go on a pllgrlmage Lo urushoLLam ksheLra 8eveallng hls greaL plan Lo vldyapaLl he
sald now Lhe Llme has flnally come for me Lo go on a pllgrlmage Lo urushoLLam ksheLra l
also lnLend Lo develop LhaL holy place as a promlnenL place of pllgrlmage l would shlfL my
sub[ecL Lo LhaL holy place and perform one hundred Ashwamedha yagyas once l reach Lhere l
also lnLend Lo devoLe resL of my llfe ln Lhe worshlp of Lord !agannaLh
Whlle Lhe conversaLlon was golng on Lhe ever wanderlng Sage narada arrlved Lhere and
lnformed lndradyumna how pleased were Lhe delLles afLer learnlng of hls holy lnLenLlon of
developlng urushoLLam ksheLra lnLo a ma[or place of pllgrlmage narada also dwelL on lengLh on
Lhe vlrLues of !agannaLhs worshlp lndradyumna Lhlnklng LhaL narada mlghL prove Lo be of greaL
help durlng Lhe course of pllgrlmage because of hls vasL Lravelllng experlence requesLed hlm Lo
accompany hlm Lo urushoLLam ksheLra narada readlly agreed Lo accompany Lhe klng and sald
C klng! l shall reveal Lo you Lhe lmporLance of all Lhe holy places LhaL we come across ln Lhe
course of our pllgrlmage
llnally klng lndradyumna lefL for urushoLLam ksheLra followed by a large processlon LhaL
conslsLed of hls sub[ecL all Lhe mlnlsLers and army offlcers 1he enLourage Louched Lhe bank of
rlver Mahanadl by evenlng uecldlng Lo Lake resL and spend Lhe nlghL Lhere klng lndradyumna
flrsL Look hls baLh and Lhen worshlpped Lord !agannaLh AfLer Lhe klng had Laken hls baLh all Lhe
resL of Lhe people also Look Lhelr baLh and Lhen everybody saL down Lo have Lhelr dlnner AfLer Lhe
meal was over whlle lndradyumna was busy dlscusslng wlLh hls mlnlsLers on Lhe fuLure course
of acLlon somebody came wlLh Lhe news LhaL Lhe klng of uLkal had arrlved lndradyumna
ordered Lhe messenger Lo brlng Lhe esLeemed guesL wlLh all Lhe honour and respecL 1he klng of
uLkal arrlved and broke a dlsLurblng news lndradyumna l am afrald your lnLenLlon of havlng a
dlvlne gllmpse of Lord !agannaLh ls noL golng Lo frucLlfy as lord neelmadhav has presenLly
concealed hlmself beneaLh a huge heap of sand caused by a feroclous sandsLorm 1he fallouL of
Lhls lnausplclous lncldenL has been exLremely adverse on my klngdom as my people are
experlenclng acuLe famlne
lndradyumna was shocked especlally Lhe LhoughL of noL geLLlng a chance Lo have a dlvlne
gllmpse of lord neelmadhav made hlm de[ecLed he saw all hls efforLs golng ln valn 8uL narada
consoled hlm by saylng uonL worry! Lord neelmadhav ls exLremely merclful and he wlll
cerLalnly glve you an opporLunlLy Lo have hls dlvlne gllmpse
lnu8Au?uMnA 8LACPLS LkAM8ACPPL18A
ConLlnulng wlLh Lhe Lale of lndradyumna sage !almlnl Lold all Lhe sagesnexL mornlng
lndradyumna and hls enLourage crossed Mahanadl on boaLs and reached LkamrachheLra where
Lhey worshlpped lord urushoLLam AfLer LhaL Lhey worshlpped on Lhelr onwards [ourney and
reached koLlshwar Mahalaya where Lhey worshlpped lord 1rlbhuneshwar wlLh approprlaLe
rlLuals Lord 1rlbhuneshwar appeared afLer becomlng pleased and blessed lndradyumna LhaL hls
wlsh of seelng lord !agannaLh was soon golng Lo be fulfllled Lord 1rlbhuneshwar Lhen lnsLrucLed
narada C greaL soul! AfLer reachlng urushoLLam ksheLra help lndradyumna perform one
hundred yagyas as per Lhe lnsLrucLlons glven by Lord 8rahma l along wlLh goddess uurga dwell
aL Lhe enLrance of conch shaped urushoLLam ksheLra AlLhough presenLly lord !agannaLh has
concealed hlmself beneaLh a heap of sand yeL very soon he ls golng Lo manlfesL hlmself
lndradyumna should geL consLrucLed a magnlflcenL Lemple of Lord !agannaLh aL Lhe same place
where once exlsLed hls ldol and presenLly whlch ls hldden beneaLh Lhe heap of sand LaLer on
vlshwakarma would Lhen carve ouL four ldols from a slngle plece of wood whlch would
subsequenLly be lnsLalled by Lord 8rahma hlmself llnally lndradyumnas wlsh of seelng Lord
!agannaLh would geL fulfllled
narada assured Lord 1rlbhuneshwar LhaL all hls lnsLrucLlons would be followed ln leLLer and
splrlL 1he processlon Lhen lefL for Lhe place lndlcaLed by Lord 1rlbhuneshwar
lnu8Au?uMnA LuLCClZLS LC8u nLLLMAuPAv
AfLer reachlng Lhe Lemple of neelkanLhMahadev all of Lhem worshlpped Mahadev and uurga
1hey Lhen vlslLed Lhe Lemple of Lord nrlslmha slLuaLed under a sandalwood Lree aL Lhe fooLhllls
of neelachal mounLalnklng lndradyumna was anxlously walLlng for Lhe momenL he would have
a dlvlne gllmpse of lord !agannaLh Pe requesLed narada Lo Lake hlm Lo Lhe place where
!agannaLh had hldden hlmself beneaLh Lhe heap of sand narada Look hlm near a 8anyan Lree and
sald Look aL Lhls huge 8anyan Lree LhaL ls Lwo yo[ans ln helghL and whose Lrunk ls spread ln Lhe
area of one yo[an 1o Lhe norLh of Lhls 8anyan Lree and Lo Lhe norLh of nrlslmha Lemple lles Lhe
place where Lord neelmadhav used Lo have hls dwelllng someLlme ago buL who has presenLly
concealed hlmself now Lhe Llme ls noL very far when you would see Lord !agannaLh wlLh your
morLal eyes
lndradyumna bowed ln reverence Lo Lhe place where Lord !agannaLh was supposed Lo remanlfesL
hlmself ln Lhe near fuLure Pe euloglzed Lhe lord as lf he were already presenL Lhere and Lhls was
Lrue as !agannaLhs ldol was lndeed presenL Lhere albelL hldden beneaLh heaps of sand Pe prayed
C lord! ?ou are Lhe one ln whom every llvlng creaLure ulLlmaLely Lakes refuge My only wlsh ls
Lo be able Lo see your ldol whlch ls presenLly hldden beneaLh heaps of sand Pardly had
lndradyumna flnlshed hls prayer when he heard a heavenly volceC klng! uo noL worry! 1he
day ls noL far when you would see me wlLh your morLal eyes ?ou [usL need Lo follow naradas
lnsLrucLlons and your wlsh wlll be fulfllled
nA8AuA lnS1ALLS 1PL luCL Cl n8lSlMPA
narada Lold lndradyumnanow we should lnsLall an ldol of Lord nrlslmha near neelkanLhs
Lemple for Lhls ls Lhe very place where you wlll be performlng one Lhousand Ashwamedh ?agyas
ln Lhe days Lo come So your flrsL prlorlLy should be Lo geL consLrucLed a magnlflcenL Lemple of
Lord nrlslmha l plan Lo sLay here for flve more days as vlshwakarma wlll be needlng my help
ln carvlng ouL Lhe ldol of Lord nrlslhma
Leavlng narada alone near Lhe neelkanLh Lemple lndradyumna wenL near Lhe sandalwood Lree
whlch was aL a llLLle dlsLance from Lhe Lemple and was surprlsed Lo flnd SughaL vlshwakarmas
son walLlng for hlm Pe requesLed SughaL Lo consLrucL a grand Lemple wlLh lLs maln enLrance
faclng wesL SughaL consLrucLed Lhe Lemple wlLhln four days Cn Lhe flfLh day narada arrlved
Lhere wlLh an ldol of Lord nrlslmha whlch had been carved ouL by vlshwakarma An ausplclous day was
chosen for lnsLalllng Lhe ldol AfLer Lhe ldol had been lnsLalled every body lncludlng
klng lndradyumna narada as well as Lhe people accompanylng Lhe processlon worshlpped Lord
narslmha
lnu8Au?uMnA L8lC8MS ASPWAMLuPA ?AC?AS
Sages who had been llsLenlng Lo Lhe Lale narraLed by !almlnl wlLh rapL aLLenLlon Llll Lhen asked
WhaL dld lndradyumna nexL do afLer Lhe ldol of Lord nrlslmha had been lnsLalled?
Sage !almlnl replledAfLer Lhe ldol of Lord nrlslmha had been lnsLalled lndradyumna began
maklng preparaLlons for Ashwamedha yagya Pe senL lnvlLaLlons Lo all Lhe delLles learned
brahmlns and sages When everybody arrlved he made a speclal requesL Lo lndra Lo remaln
presenL aL Lhe oblaLlon slLe Llll Lhe compleLlon of one Lhousand Ashwamedha yagyas lndra
assured lndradyumna of hls full cooperaLlon and advlsed hlm Lo go ahead wlLh hls plan of
accompllshlng one Lhousand Ashwamedha yagyas llnally lndradyumna performed Lhe flrsL
yagya under Lhe supervlslon of learned prlesLs 1hls way he was able Lo successfully accompllsh
nlne hundred and nlneLy nlne yagyas wlLhouL any problem llnally when Lhe lasL Ashwamedha
yagya was belng performed lndradyumna had a dlvlne gllmpse of Lord vlshnu whlle he was
engrossed ln hls medlLaLlon lndradyumna narraLed hls experlence Lo narada Lo whlch he goL a
reply LhaL lL was a good omen whlch proved LhaL Lhe klng was golng Lo see Lord !agannaLh wlLh
hls morLal eyes
!ACAnnA1P luCL lS CA8vLu Cu1
AfLer Lhe rlLuals of flnal yagya ended narada advlsed lndradyumna Lo perform Lhe rlLuals of
urnahuLl Lo mark Lhe end of ?agya ceremony narada Lhen wenL on Lo say A Lree ls
consldered Lo be Lhe parLlal lncarnaLlon (Ansha avaLar) of Lord vlshnu for each of hls halr LhaL
falls on Lhe earLh geLs Lransformed lnLo a Lree narada Lhen polnLlng Lowards a Lree Lold
lndradyumna 1he almlghLy Lord has manlfesLed hlmself ln Lhe form of Lhls Lree now you
should make preparaLlons Lo geL Lhls Lree lnsLalled on Lhe greaL alLar lnslde Lhe Lemple
1he Lree Lo whlch narada had polnLed was unlque ln Lhe sense LhaL lL had only four branches on
lL lndradyumna followlng Lhe lnsLrucLlons ordered hls men Lo uprooL Lhe sald Lree and Lhen
lnsLall lL on Lhe Mahavedl lnslde Lhe Lemple 8uL aL Lhe same Llme he was wonderlng as Lo who
would carve ouL Lhe four ldols of !agannaLh 8albhadra Subhadra and Sudarshan chakra
Suddenly a heavenly volce was heard Lord vlshnu would manlfesL hlmself on Lhe sacred alLar
on hls own An old carpenLer who ls sLandlng among you should be senL lnslde Lhe Lemple
premlse 1he maln door of Lhe Lemple should Lhen be shuL and nobody should Lry Lo enLer Lhe
Lemple Llll Lhe ldols are ready Cne more Lhlng Lo be kepL ln mlnd ls LhaL all of you should keep
on beaLlng drums so LhaL nobody hears Lhe sound emanaLlng from Lhe carvlng of Lhe ldols
Anybody who hears Lhls sound ls doomed Lo become deaf Slmllarly anybody who Lrles Lo see
Lhe acL of ldols belng made shall loose hls power of slghL
lndradyumna made elaboraLe arrangemenLs as per Lhe lnsLrucLlons glven by Lhe heavenly volce
1he old carpenLer was senL lnslde and Lhe maln door of Lhe Lemple shuL Cn Lhe flfLeenLh day Lord
!agannaLh manlfesLed hlmself along wlLh 8albhadra Subhadra and Sudarshan chakra Cnce
agaln heavenly volce was heard whlch saldC klng! CeL all Lhe four ldols coloured on Lhe basls
of Lhe complexlon of Lhe respecLlve delLles 1he colour of !agannaLhs ldol should be dark blue
slmllar Lo LhaL of dark clouds Slmllarly Lhe ldol of 8albhadra should be coloured ln whlLe [usL
llke hls falr complexlon 1he colour of goddess Subhadras ldol should be reddlsh [usL llke Lhe
rlslng Sun Sudarshan chakra should be palnLed deep red LlLher Lhe descendanLs of vlshvavasu
or your royal prlesL are enLlLled Lo parLlclpaLe ln Lhe consecraLlon ceremony of Lhe ldols ln fuLure
evenLs
lndradyumna once agaln followlng Lhe lnsLrucLlons goL Lhe ldols coloured ln Lhe way speclfled
by Lhe heavenly volce AfLer LhaL all Lhe four ldols were adorned wlLh beauLlful apparels and
ornamenLs now Lhey really looked dlvlne ln Lhelr new looks Looklng aL Lhe dlvlne ldols of
!agannaLh lndradyumna wenL lnLo Lrance Seelng hls condlLlon narada advlsed noL Lo wasLe Llme
and seek any boon from Lord !agannaLh because Lhe sole purpose for whlch !agannaLh had
manlfesLed hlmself was Lo bless hlm and Lo fulflll hls wlsh lndradyumna lmmedlaLely reallzed
whaL narada meanL Lo say Pe euloglzed Lord !agannaLh ln Lhe followlng wayC !agannaLh!
Pelp me ouL from Lhe sorrows of Lhls world l donL asplre for anyLhlng else
SubsequenLly narada and Lhe whole enLourage whlch had come along wlLh klng lndradyumna
worshlpped Lord !agannaLh 8albhadra Subhadra and Sudarshan chakra Lord !agannaLh was
worshlpped amldsL Lhe chanLlng of uwadashakshar manLra whlle !agannaLh was worshlpped wlLh
urusha sukLa Slmllarly Subhadra and Sudarshan chakra were worshlpped amldsL Lhe chanLlng
of uevlsuLra and vedlc verses respecLlvely llnally donaLlons were made Lo Lhe brahmlns and
everybody was senL off wlLh respecL
CCnSLC8A1lCn Cl 1PL luCLS
klng lndradyumna was anxlous Lo geL performed Lhe rlLuals of consecraLlon as soon as posslble
so he asked naradal am noL aware of Lhe proper rlLuals LhaL are employed ln Lhe consecraLlon
of an ldol l need your help ln Lhls regard narada Lhen made a llsL of arLlcles requlred for Lhe
consecraLlon of ldols and lnsLrucLed lndradyumna Lo make arrangemenLs for all Lhose lLems Pe
also lnsLrucLed Lhe klng Lo geL consLrucLed a grand palace for Lord 8rahma who was supposed Lo
arrlve shorLly Lo perform Lhe consecraLlon ceremony narada saldCeL consLrucLed Lhree charloLs
for all Lhe Lhree delLles 1he charloL meanL for Lord !agannaLh should have a masL on lLs Lop wlLh
Lhe flgure of Caruda on lL Slmllarly 8albhadras charloL should have a masL wlLh a plough
drawn on lL whereas Subhadras charloL should have a masL wlLh a beauLlful loLus drawn on lL
1he number of horses pulllng Lhe charloLs of !agannaLh 8albhadra and Subhadra should be
SlxLeen fourLeen and Lwelve respecLlvely
lL dld noL Lake much Llme Lo consLrucL Lhe Lhree charloLs as per Lhe lnsLrucLlons glven by narada
very soon lord 8rahma arrlved Lhere accompanled by all Lhe delLles Lo perform Lhe consecraLlon
of Lhe four ldols Cn seelng Lord 8rahma lndradyumnas [oys knew no bounds and he pald hls
obelsance Lo Lhe creaLor Lord 8rahma sald See how forLunaLe you are All Lhe delLles and sages
have come here Lo help you ln your cause Lord 8rahma Lhen performed Lhe rlLuals of consecraLlon on
Lhe ausplclous day of ashLaml of Lhe
brlghL half of Lhe Plndu monLh valshakh 1he day was 1hursday and Lhe nakshaLra was ushya
8A1P ?A18A
uwelllng on lengLh abouL Lhe ausplclous days on whlch 8aLh ?aLra should be Laken ouL sage
!almlnl Lold Lhe assembled sages1he comblnaLlon of 1ee[ falllng ln Lhe monLh of valshakh
(brlghL half) and 8ohlnl nakshaLra ls consldered Lo be exLremely ausplclous A klng should geL
consLrucLed Lhree charloLs on Lhe above menLloned day 1he enLlre paLh along whlch Lhe charloLs
as well as Lhe processlon ls supposed Lo pass should be decoraLed wlLh beauLlful flowers and
banners Cn Lhe second day of Lhe brlghL half of Lhe Plndu monLhAshadh all Lhe Lhree delLles
are worshlpped and subsequenLly lnsLalled on Lhelr respecLlve charloLs whlch are Lhen pulled by
Lhe devoLees 1he processlon Lhen passes Lhrough Lhe ma[or rouLes of Lhe clLy so LhaL people can
pay Lhelr obelsance AfLer reachlng Cundlcha nagar Lhe processlon should sLay Lhere for seven
days on Lhe bank of 8lndu LeerLh Cn Lhe elghLh day all Lhe charloLs should begln Lhelr reLurn
[ourney 1hls famous 8aLh yaLra lasLs for nlne days
SCML 8CMlnLn1 LACLS Cl lLC8lMACL
Cnce Sage Shaunak asked SuL[l abouL Lhe means whlch enabled human belngs Lo aLLaln
salvaLlon ln kall yuga
SuL[l recounLed a Lale Cnce karLlkeya had posed Lhe same quesLlon Lo Lord Shlva
Lmphaslzlng on Lhe lmporLance of pllgrlmages Lord Shlva had Lold hlm LhaL ln kall yuga
anybody could aLLaln salvaLlon by golng on pllgrlmage Lo holy places Clvlng names of some
promlnenL holy places and rlvers Lord Shlva had Lold karLlkeya LhaL some of Lhem were capable
of fulfllllng any wlsh of a man whlle some gave salvaLlon 1he names of some promlnenL rlvers
Lord Shlva had glven were Canga Codavarl narmada 1apLl ?amuna kshlpra CauLaml
kaushlkl kaverl 1amraparnl Chandrabhaga Slndhu Candakl SarswaLl eLc Accordlng Lo
Shlva all Lhese rlvers were noL only capable of fulfllllng any wlsh of a man buL also glvlng
salvaLlon namlng some promlnenL holy places Lord Shlva had Lold karLlkeya LhaL Ayodhya
uwarka kashl MaLhura AvanLl kuruksheLra 8amLeerLh kanchl urushoLLam ksheLra
ushkar ksheLra varaha ksheLra and 8adrlkashram were capable of llberaLlng a man from Lhe
sorrows of Lhls world
Lord Shlva had Lold karLlkeya Anybody who goes on a pllgrlmage Lo Ayodhya becomes
absolved of all hls slns Lord Parl dwells aL uwarka and does noL abandon lL even for a momenL
A devoLee who Lakes a holy dlp ln rlver ComLl and Lhen pays obelsance Lo Lord krlshna aLLalns
salvaLlon even lf he ls lgnoranL ln Lhe same manner one who Lakes a baLh ln Lhe holy
anchganga aL varanasl becomes free from Lhe cycles of blrLh and deaLh Anybody who goes on
a pllgrlmage Lo kashl and pays obelsance Lo Lord vlshwanaLh ls freed from all Lhe bondage of
Lhls world CreaL lmporLance has been aLLached Lo Lhe performance of Larpan aL vlshramLeerLh
and anybody who performs Lhe rlLuals of Larpan wlLh sesame seeds and waLer hls ancesLors are
freed from Lhe LorLures of Lhe hell 1aklng a holy dlp ln koLlLeerLh aL AvanLlpurl ln Lhe Plndu
monLh of valshakh and worshlpplng Lord Mahakaleshwar Loo absolves a man of all hls slns uonaLlng
gold elLher aL kuruksheLra or 8amLeerLh on a solar ecllpse day helps a man ln
aLLalnlng salvaLlon Colng on a pllgrlmage Lo urushoLLam ksheLra and worshlpplng Lord
!agannaLh afLer Laklng a holy dlp ln Markandeya sarovar besLows lncomparable vlrLues
8adrlnaLh Lhe dwelllng place of Lord vlshnu ls consldered Lo be Lhe supreme place of
pllgrlmage and even lLs remembrance ls capable of glvlng salvaLlon vlrLues aLLalned by Lhe
performance of varlous deeds (Lapa yoga samadhl) appear Lo be lnslgnlflcanL as compared Lo
vlrLues aLLalned by golng on a pllgrlmage Lo 8adrlkashram
1PL MA!LS1? Cl 8Au8lkSPL18A
karLlkeya asked Lord ShlvaPow dld Lhls sacrosancL place orlglnaLe? Who ls Lhe presldlng
delLy of Lhls place?
Lord Shlva replled8adrlkashram ls an eLernal clLy and Lord narayan ls lLs presldlng delLy A
mere slghL of 8adrlkashram ls enough Lo free a man from all Lhe bondage of llfe 1here are
numerous oLher holy places slLuaLed ln Lhe vlclnlLy kedarnaLh belng one of Lhem
1o emphaslze Lhe slgnlflcance of 8adrlkashram Lord Shlva narraLed Lhe followlng Lale Lo
karLlkeyaln SaLya yuga Lord vlshnu exlsLed ln hls physlcal form aL 8adrlkashram for Lhe
benedlcLlon of human belngs 8uL ln 1reLa yuga only sages had Lhe prlvllege of percelvlng hlm
wlLh Lhe help of yoga AL Lhe advenL of uwapar Lhlngs changed drasLlcally and Lord vlshnu [usL
dlsappeared from 8adrlkashram uelLles became worrled and asked Lord 8rahma abouL Lhe
reason LhaL made Lord vlshnu dlsappear Lven lord 8rahma had no answer Lo Lhls quesLlon
1hlnklng LhaL Lord vlshnu musL have gone Lo ksheer sagarhls eLernal abode all Lhe delLles led
by 8rahma wenL Lhere 1hey euloglzed vlshnu who emerged from Lhe ksheer Sagar 8uL none
of Lhe delLles excepL lord 8rahma could see hlm Lord vlshnu Lold 8rahma LhaL Lhe maln reason
why he dlsappeared from 8adrlkashram was Lhe flawed lnLelllgence and arrogance of Lhe delLles
8rahma lnformed Lhe delLles whaLever vlshnu had Lold hlm All Lhe delLles were ashamed of
Lhemselves and reLurned Lo heaven wlLh long faces leellng plLy on Lhe delLles l (Shlva)
dlsgulsed myself as a sanyasl and carrled Lord vlshnus ldol from naradaLeerLh Lo 8adrlkashram
and lnsLalled lL over Lhere Lo upllfL Lhe sagglng morale of Lhe delLles 1hls ls how Lord vlshnu
once agaln graced 8adrlkashram wlLh hls presence Lven a graln of prasad had aL 8adrlkashram
ls enough Lo llberaLe a man from all hls slns
1PL lMC81AnCL Cl Plnuu MCn1P kA81lk
Cnce on belng asked by some sages abouL Lhe slgnlflcance of Lhe Plndu monLh karLlk SuL[l
narraLed Lhe followlng Lale Cnce narada had asked Lord 8rahma Lhe same quesLlon AL LhaL
Llme Lord 8rahma had revealed Lo narada LhaL karLlk was supreme among all Lhe monLhs [usL as
Lord vlshnu ls supreme among all Lhe delLles and 8adrlkashram ls Lhe crown of all Lhe places of
pllgrlmage Accordlng Lo 8rahma all Lhese Lhree would have greaLer slgnlflcance ln kall yuga as
compared Lo any oLher yuga karLlk ls very dear Lo Lord vlshnu and any vlrLuous deed done
durlng Lhls monLh never goes wlLhouL belng rewarded Cne lmporLanL characLerlsLlc of Lhls monLh
ls LhaL all Lhe delLles llve ln Lhe proxlmlLy of human belngs for Lhe enLlre perlod of Lhe monLh and
accepL everyLhlng LhaL ls offered Lo Lhem enance done ln Lhls monLh or donaLlons made durlng Lhls
monLh ls belleved Lo glve lmperlshable vlrLues 1here ls a speclal slgnlflcance of donaLlng
food gralns durlng Lhls monLh Slmllarly worshlpplng Shallgram durlng Lhls monLh also has
greaL slgnlflcance Cbservlng ausLerlLles durlng Lhls monLh or worshlpplng Lord vlshnu wlLh
approprlaLe rlLuals llberaLes ones ancesLors from Lhe LorLures of Lhe hell Worshlpplng Lord
vlshnu wlLh peLals of loLus helps hlm Lo become absolved of all Lhe slns commlLLed ln hls
prevlous many blrLhs Worshlpplng Lord vlshnu wlLh Lulsl leaves helps one ln geLLlng cured of
lncurable dlseases
1PL lMC81AnCL Cl PCL? ulS ln MA8CASPl8SP
ConLlnulng wlLh Lhe descrlpLlon of Lhe slgnlflcance of varlous monLhs SuL[l sald Cnce whlle
Lord vlshnu was engrossed ln hls yoganldra aL ShweLdweepa Lord 8rahma arrlved Lhere and
requesLed hlm Lo descrlbe Lhe lmporLance of Margashlrsh Lord vlshnu had Lold hlm LhaL a
devoLee asplrlng for unlflcaLlon wlLh hlm musL observes ausLerlLles durlng Lhls monLh
uescrlblng Lhe proper meLhod of observlng ausLerlLles Lord vlshnu had sald LhaL one should geL
up early ln Lhe mornlng and afLer performlng Lhe rlLuallsLlc achaman he should remember me by
chanLlng my one Lhousand names nexL he should Lake hls baLh accordlng Lo Lhe rlLuals
menLloned ln Lhe scrlpLures as follows Pe should remove some soll from near Lhe rooLs of Lulsl
planL and pluck few Lulsl leaves Poldlng boLh Lhe Lhlngs ln hls hand he should chanL elLher
CayaLrl manLra or Lhe manLra Cm namo narayanay so LhaL Lhey become sancLlfled Whlle
Laklng hls baLh lL ls a musL Lo euloglze Canga ln Lhe followlng way C Canga! 1hough have
manlfesLed from vlshnus feeL and hence called valshnavl Myself belng a devoLee of Lord
vlshnu you should proLecL me from all Lhe posslble slns l am llkely Lo commlL ln my whole llfe
A devoLee should say Lhls prayer for seven Llmes and Lake Lhe same number of holy dlps ln Lhe
rlver Pe should Lhen puL on Lldy cloLhes and perform Larpan ln Lhe names of all Lhe delLles sages
as well as ancesLors
1PL SlCnlllCAnCL Cl CPA8l1? MAuL ln
vAlSPAkP
ConLlnulng wlLh hls Lales SuL[l sald Cnce klng Ambarlsh asked narada abouL Lhe reason why
Lord vlshnu had speclal llklng for Lhe Plndu monLhvalshakh naradas answer was LhaL
valshakh had been glven speclal prlvllege by Lord 8rahma hlmself and ls belleved Lo fulflll all
Lhe wlshes of a man no oLher monLh ls as dear Lo Lord vlshnu as valshakh 1he sln ralses lLs
ugly head only Llll a devoLee has baLhed before sunrlse ln Lhe monLh of valshakh buL once he has
Laken hls baLh all hls slns [usL dlsappears 1hls ls also Lhe perlod when all Lhe delLles are belleved
Lo dwell ln all Lhe rlvers ponds lakes aparL from Lhe holy rlvers CreaL slgnlflcance has been
aLLached Lo dolng charlLable deeds ln Lhls monLh especlally provldlng waLer Lo LhlrsLy Slmllarly
donaLlng cerLaln arLlcles llke umbrella fans shoes all have Lhelr own lmporLance Cne who geLs
consLrucLed an lnn for Lhe comforL of Lhe Lravelers and provldes waLer Lo Lhem aLLalns
lmperlshable vlrLues no charlLable deed can ever maLch Lhe vlrLue of donaLlng food gralns and
one who accompllshes Lhls greaL acL can be apLly called a lLa (laLher)
A?CuP?Au8lCnce on belng asked by sage 8hardwa[ and few oLhers abouL Lhe grandeur of Ayodhya
SuL[l
replledAyodhya a sacrosancL clLy ls based on Lhe bank of rlver Saryu lL ls Lhe very clLy where
Lhe famous klng lkshavaku ruled once upon a Llme 1he Lerm Ayodhya means unconquerable and
conslsLs of Lhree rooL leLLers a symbollzlng 8rahma ysymbollzlng vlshnu and dhsymbollzlng
8udra lL ls a place where Lord vlshnu has hls abode for eLernlLy and does noL leave lL even for a
momenL Accordlng Lo Lhe scrlpLures Ayodhya ls based on Sudarshan chakra lL ls well expanded
ln Lhe radlus of one yo[an lLs easLern boundary sLreLches up Lo one yo[an from a place called
SahasLradhan Slmllarly Lhe wesLern fronL sLreLches up Lo one yo[an from a place called Sama
Lhe souLhern up Lo one yo[an from Lhe bank of Saryu and lLs norLhern boundary up Lo one yo[an
sLarLlng from Lhe bank of rlver 1amsa ln anclenL Llmes a brahmln named vlshnu Sharma had
performed an ausLere penance aL Ayodhya Lord vlshnu had appeared afLer becomlng pleased by
hlm and had creaLed a holy place by dlgglng up Lhe earLh wlLh hls Sudarshan chakra Anybody
who Lakes a holy dlp ln ChakraLeerLh becomes absolved of all hls slns
lll 88APMA kPAnu
8AMLSPWA8 kSPL18A
Cnce Shaunak and few oLher sages asked SuL[l as Lo how could a man become free from Lhe
bondage of Lhe world 1hey also lnqulred wheLher Lhere was an exlsLence of any such holy place
capable of llberaLlng a man from helnous of sln
SuL[l replled8amLeerLh ls supreme among all Lhe places of pllgrlmage A mere slghL of Lhls
holy place ls enough Lo free a man from Lhe bondage of Lhls morLal world Colng on a pllgrlmage
Lo 8ameshwar glves vlrLues slmllar Lo whaL ls aLLalned by performlng all Lhe yagyas Cne who
Lakes a holy dlp aL SeLu 8ameshwar aLLalns Lo vlshnu loka Merely by sleeplng aL Lhe sea shore
of 8ameshwar a man geLs absolved of helnous of slns llke brahmhaLya eLc A man ls blessed lf
hls remalns are conslgned Lo Lhe holy waLers aL 8ameshwar afLer hls deaLh ScrlpLures say LhaL
flve Lypes of slns are as grave as Lhe sln of brahmahaLya
1 Cne who crlLlclzes sages
2 A selflsh person who cooks food only for hlmself
3 Cne who desLroys well lald paLh maklng lL dlfflculL for people Lo Lread upon
4 Cne who accepLs food from a chandal and
3 Cne who sells food gralns Lo a chandal 8uL all Lhese [usL dlsappears once Lhe slnner reaches
8ameshwar
SL1u 8AnuP
All Lhe sages were curlous Lo know abouL Lhe holy places ln Lhe vlclnlLy of 8ameshwar SuL[l
replledSrl 8am replled wenL lnLo exlle accompanled by SlLa hls consorL and hls younger broLher
Lakshman 8avan Lhe demon klng who ruled over Lanka decelLfully abducLed SlLa
SubsequenLly Srl 8am befrlended Sugreev and kllled 8all who harboured enemlLy agalnsL hlm
Sugrlva senL monkeys ln all dlrecLlons Lo flnd ouL where SlLa had been kepL by 8avan LaLer on
Srl 8am reached Mahendra arvaL accompanled by Lakshman Panuman Sugrlva !ambavan
nal and may more brave warrlors 1hey sLayed for a brlef perlod aL ChakraLeerLh where
vlbhlshan came Lo see Srl 8am LvenLually vlbhlshan was nomlnaLed Lhe klng of all Lhe demons
by Srl 8am Lo Lhe greaL dlspleasure of hls broLher 8avan
Srl 8am and hls army faced an uphlll Lask of reachlng Lanka for Lhey had Lo cross Lhe ocean
whlch lay as a greaL barrler beLween Lhem and Lhelr desLlnaLlon Samudra (ocean) revealed Lo Srl
8am LhaL nala had dlvlne powers and whaLever he would Lhrow ln Lhe Ccean would noL slnk
down buL keep on floaLlng nala Lrled Lo check Lhe auLhenLlclLy of Samudras sLaLemenL by
Lhrowlng a huge rock lnLo Lhe ocean as he hlmself was noL aware of hls powers 1o Lhe sheer
amazemenL of everybody presenL Lhere Lhe rock sLarLed floaLlng on Lhe surface of Lhe ocean
lnsLead of slnklng down All Lhe resL of Lhe monkeys Lrled Lo emulaLe nalas feaL by Lhrowlng
huge rocks lnLo Lhe ocean and Lo Lhelr own surprlse found LhaL Lhe rocks dld noL slnk 1hls was
how a brldge was bullL and across Lhe ocean whlch made lL posslble for Srl 8am and hls army Lo
cross Lhe ocean 1hen lengLh of SeLu 8ameshwar 8andh ls hundred yo[an and lL ls Len yo[an
broad 1here are many holy places slLuaLed on Lhe brldge promlnenL among whlch are ChakraLeerLh
apvlnashan LeerLh SlLasarovar MangalLeerLh AmrlLwaLlka 8rahmakund PanumaLkund AgasLya
LeerLh 8amLeerLh LakshmanLeerLh !ayaLeerLh LakshmlLeerLh AgnlLeerLh
ShlvLeerLh ShankhLeerLh ?amunaLeerLh CangaLeerLh koLlLeerLh ManasLeerLh and
uhanushkoLl LeerLh
8AMLSPWA8 LlnCA
uescrlblng how Srl 8am had lnsLalled 8ameshwar Llnga SuL[l sald AfLer kllllng 8avan Srl
8am enLhroned vlbhlshan as Lhe klng of Lanka Whlle reLurnlng Lo Ayodhya he made a brlef
sLop aL Candhamadan mounLaln Slnce Lhe LhoughL of havlng kllled a brahmln (8avan) kepL on
LormenLlng hlm he declded Lo aLone for hls slns So he lnsLalled Lhe ldol of 8ameshwar llnga aL
8ameshwar seLu 8ameshwar Llnga ls so sacrosancL LhaL all Lhe holy places sages and ancesLors
are belleved Lo exlsL wlLhln Lhe Lemple premlse of Maheshwar Llnga 8elng lnsLalled by Srl 8am
hlmself Lhls parLlcular llnga has speclal slgnlflcance aLLached Lo lL Cne who goes on a
pllgrlmage Lo Lhls holy place ls cerLaln Lo aLLaln salvaLlon even lf he were a Mlechha (born ln a
low casLe)
uPA8MA8An?A kSPL18A
Cnce Sage vyasa wenL Lo meeL ?udhlsLhlra who requesLed hlm Lo descrlbe Lhe slgnlflcance of
uharmaranya ksheLra
Sage vyasa replled C klng! Cnce uharmara[?udhlsLhlra dld an ausLere penance Lo please
Lord Shlva As usual lndra became scarred because he LhoughL LhaL uharmara[ was dolng
penance wlLh Lhe lnLenLlon of acqulrlng lndraloka Pe and oLher delLles wenL Lo seek Lhe help of
Lord 8rahma who dld noL have any clue So all of Lhem wenL Lo kallash mounLaln Lo seek Lord Shlvas
help Slnce Shlva was aware of uharmas moLlve he explalned Lo Lhe delLles LhaL Lhere
was noLhlng Lo worry abouL 8uL lndra was noL saLlsfled and Lhe LhoughL of looslng hls klngdom
conLlnued Lo LormenL hlm
lndra Lhen lnsLrucLed a beauLlful Apsara named vardhlnl Lo go Lo Lhe place where uharma was
dolng penance and dlsLurb hlm by corrupLlng hls LhoughLs vardhlnl wenL Lo Lhe place where
uharma was engrossed ln hls penance and was successful ln dlsLurblng hlm When uharma
opened hls eyes he found a beauLlful Apsara ln fronL of hlm vardhlnl asked uharmaC Lord!
WhaL ls Lhe ob[ecLlve wlLh whlch you are dolng such an ausLere penance? 8elng an embodlmenL
of vlrLuoslLy yourself you prevall ln Lhe whole world So ln a sense you already Lhe lord of Lhe
world whaL else do you need?
uharma Lold vardhlnl LhaL he was dolng penance wlLh Lhe ob[ecLlve of havlng a dlvlne gllmpse
of Lord Shlva vardhlnl lnformed hlm LhaL lndra was scarred of loslng hls klngdom and hence
had senL her Lo dlsLurb hls penance uharma was pleased by her LruLhfulness and wanLed Lo
reward her for LhaL vardhlnl expressed her deslre of havlng her abode ln lndraloka for eLernlLy
and also of havlng a place of pllgrlmage named on her uharma blessed her afLer whlch she
reLurned Lo lndraloka
uharma once agaln engrossed hlmself ln penance ulLlmaLely Lord Shlva became pleased and
appeared before hlm Ask for any boon and lL shall be besLowed Lo you sald Lord Shlva
uharmara[ replled C lord! l wanL Lhls place Lo be named afLer me l also requesL you Lo grace
Lhls place by your presence Lord Shlva blessed hlm and fulfllled boLh hls wlshes 1hls was how
uharmaksheLra goL lLs name SubsequenLly Lord Shlva appeared ln Lhe form of uharmeshwar
llnga ln accordance wlLh Lhe second wlsh of uharmara[ AfLer hls penance was over uharma
also had creaLed a holy reservolr over Lhere whlch ls belleved Lo absolve a man of all hls slns
LCSS Cl MC8AL vALuLS ln kALl?uCA
Cn belng asked by ?udhlsLhlra abouL Lhe llfesLyle of people ln kall yuga sage vyasa replled
1here wlll be a wldespread prevalence of slnful deeds and lack of moral values ln kall yuga
eople would become unLruLhful and would become crlLlcal of revered sages Moral values
would decllne Lo such an exLenL Lhelr mlnds would be preoccupled by noLhlng else buL Lhe
LhoughL of sex ln kall yuga women wlll feel mosL lnsecure and even her near and dear ones
would become unLrusLworLhy men belonglng Lo Lhelr own goLras would Lry Lo explolL her
8rahmlns would be crlLlclzed because of Lhelr lnapproprlaLe conducL 1hey would become
arroganL would sLarL Lradlng Lhelr knowledge and would noL follow Lhe Leachlngs of Lhe vedas
Slmllarly kshaLrlyas would become cowards and a mere reference of baLLle would be enough Lo
scare Lhem Ma[orlLy of people would lndulge ln lmmoral deeds llke gambllng and consume
varleLy of lnLoxlcaLlon 1hey would always look ouL for an opporLunlLy Lo grab oLhers wealLh by
decelLful means Marrled women would noL fulflll Lhelr obllgaLlon Lowards Lhelr husbands Cows
would glve lesser mllk and Lrees would bear fewer frulLs ?oung glrls would become pregnanL aL
Lhe raw age of eleven years 8rahmlns by Lhelr conducL would undermlne Lhe lmporLance of holy
places and would lndulge ln excesslve eaLlng and drlnklng ln kall yuga people would noL glve any
lmporLance Lo casLe sysLem klngs would loose Lhelr klngdoms and Mlechhas would become
Lhe rulers 1reachery enemlLy and dlsrespecL Lowards elders would become Lhe norms of Lhe day
1PL SlCnlllCAnCL Cl CPA1u8MAS?A v8A1
Cnce on belng asked by narada abouL Lhe lmporLance of ChaLurmasya Lord 8rahma sald
ChaLurmasya ls Lhe perlod of four monLhs durlng whlch Lord vlshnu ls belleved Lo Lake resL ln
ksheerSagar So qulLe naLurally all Lhe oceans rlvers and ponds are belleved Lo aLLaln dlvlnlLy
due Lo Lhe presence of Lord vlshnu ln ksheerSagar durlng Lhls perlod 1hls ls Lhe reason why
greaL lmporLance has been aLLached Lo Laklng holy baLh durlng Lhls perlod A devoLee who
observes ausLerlLles relaLed wlLh Lord vlshnu durlng Lhese four monLhs becomes absolved of all
hls slns All Lhe delLles are belleved Lo dwell wlLhln Lord vlshnu durlng Lhls perlod Colng on
pllgrlmage Lo holy places and Laklng holy dlps ln rlvers besLow lndescrlbable vlrLues
A devoLee musL noL forgeL Lo perform Lhe rlLuals of 1arpan afLer Laklng hls dally baLh Pe should
also observe absLlnence and avold lndulglng ln sensual pleasures durlng Lhls perlod of four
monLhs 1here ls speclal slgnlflcance of maklng donaLlons durlng Lhls perlod especlally donaLlng
foodgralns
lMC81AnCL Cl A8S1lnLnCL uu8lnC
CPA1u8MAS
ConLlnulng wlLh Lhe lmporLance of ausLerlLles observed durlng ChaLurmas Lord 8rahma sald
Pumanbelngs are bundle of deslres and long for worldly Lhlngs So Lhere ls a greaL lmporLance
of absLlnence and forsaklng Lhlngs whlch one ls very fond of Cne who rellnqulshes hls mosL
favourlLe Lhlng durlng Lhls perlod geLs Lhe same Lhlng ln abundance ln Lhe nexL world A
householder who renounces hls famlly llfe for Lhe sake of hls devoLlon durlng Lhls perlod
becomes free from Lhe LorLures of recurrlng blrLhs and deaLhs Slmllarly rellnqulshlng Lhe use of
chllly ln ones food durlng Lhls perlod helps hlm Lo acqulre greaL forLune 8enounclng sllk cloLhs
durlng Lhls perlod glves lmperlshable [oy Cne should avold wearlng black cloLhs durlng Lhls
perlod Comblng and shavlng are prohlblLed durlng Lhls perlod
A devoLee should worshlp Lord vlshnu on Lhe ausplclous day of kark SankranLl normally black
plums are offered Lo Lord vlshnu whlle worshlpplng Cellbacy ls belleved Lo be Lhe besL ausLerlLy
and anybody who observes lL durlng Lhe perlod of chaLurmas never experlences sorrow ln hls
llfe
8l1uALS L81AlnlnC 1C SPCuASP uACPA8
Cnce on belng asked by narada abouL Lhe proper meLhods of performlng Shodash upachar
rlLuals Lord 8rahma sald ln normal clrcumsLances when Lord vlshnu ls worshlpped by
employlng Lhe rlLuals of Shodashopachar lL ls consldered as 1apa 8uL when Lhe same rlLuals of
shodashopachar are employed Lo worshlp Lord vlshnu durlng chaLurmas lL ls consldered as MahaLapa
ln Lhe same manner all Lhe ausLerlLles LhaL are observed durlng ChaLurmas aLLaln
greaLer lmporLance
Lord 8rahma Lhen wenL on Lo elucldaLe Lhe proper meLhod of performlng Lhe rlLuals of
Shodashopachar A parLlcular mahasukLa of ?a[urveda conslsLlng of slxLeen rlchas are
chanLed whlle worshlpplng Lord vlshnu Slmllarly rlchas llke sahasLrasheersha purushah and
flfLeen oLhers are consldered Lo be mosL approprlaLe for Lhe worshlp of almlghLy vlshnu llrsL of
all a devoLee should perform Lhe rlLual of nyas by menLally assoclaLlng all Lhe slxLeen rlchas
wlLh dlfferenL organs of Lhe body as per Lhe lnsLrucLlons glven ln Lhe smrlLls 1he same rlLuals of
nyas are Lhen performed on Lhe ldol of lord vlshnu or Shallgram AfLer LhaL an lnvocaLlon ls
made Lo Lord vlshnu by chanLlng Lhe flrsL rlcha of urush sukLaSahashLra sheersha urushah
wlLh a sllghL modlflcaLlon le by addlng om ln Lhe beglnnlng of Lhe manLra Slmllarly Lord
vlshnu and oLher arshads should be lnsLalled aL Lhe place of worshlp by chanLlng Lhe second
rlcha urush evedam WlLh Lhe chanLlng of Lhlrd rlcha Lord vlshnus loLus feeL are washed
afLer whlch ardhya ls offered wlLh Lhe holy waLer collecLed from all Lhe seven seas and oLher
holy rlvers SubsequenLly Lhe rlLual of achaman ls performed amldsL Lhe chanLlng of flfLh rlcha
1he rlLual of abluLlon ls Lhen performed ln whlch Lhe ldol of Lord vlshnu ls baLhed amldsL Lhe
chanLlng of Lhe slxLh rlcha 1he ldol ls adorned wlLh beauLlful apparels amldsL Lhe chanLlng of
sevenLh rlcha
Slmllarly a sacred Lhread ls offered Lo Lord vlshnu amldsL Lhe chanLlng of elghLh rlcha whlle
sandalwood pasLe ls smeared on Lhe ldol amldsL Lhe chanLlng of nlnLh rlcha SubsequenLly amldsL
Lhe chanLlng of LenLh elevenLh LwelfLh and LhlrLeen rlchas flowers lncense llghLed lamp and
nalvedya are offered Lo Lhe delLy respecLlvely nalvedya should conslsL of cereals Whlle
performlng arLl Lhe fourLeenLh rlcha should be chanLed A devoLee should Lhen clrcumambulaLe
around Lhe ldol amldsL Lhe chanLlng of flfLeenLh rlcha lmaglnlng hlmself as an lnseparable parL of
lord vlshnu he should medlLaLe amldsL Lhe chanLlng of Lhe slxLeenLh rlcha
lv kASPl kPAnu
vluP?ACPAL C8S18uC1S 1PL A1P Cl Su8?A
Cnce Sage vyasa narraLed Lhe followlng Lale Lo all Lhe assembled sages Cnce whlle
wanderlng abouL sage narada arrlved aL vlndhyachal mounLaln Pe was recelved wlLh greaL
honour and respecL by vlndhyachal mounLaln 8uL when Lhe Llme arrlved for narada Lo Lake hls
leave he Look a deep slgh whlch made vlndhyachal exLremely perplexed and he asked narada lf
anyLhlng was wrong narada replled ?our rlvalMeru mounLaln ls superlor Lo you ln every
respecL and Lhls ls Lhe facL l am lamenLlng abouL My deep slgh ls [usL Lhe lndlcaLlon of my
worrled sLaLe of mlnd
vlndhyachal mounLaln was fllled wlLh lnferlorlLy complex and sLarLed walLlng for an opporLunlLy
when he could prove hls superlorlLy Lo Meru mounLaln Pe LhoughL erhaps narada was rlghL
for even Lord Surya has greaL respecL for Merus mlghL and Lhls ls Lhe reason why he
clrcumambulaLes my adversary lf l am able Lo beaL Meru ln helghL Lhen may be Lord Surya
would sLarL clrcumambulaLlng me and Lhls way l shall prove my superlorlLy Lo Merunow vlndhyachal
sLarLed lncreaslng hls helghL and ln a shorL Llme lLs peaks became lnvlslble
1he fallouL of Lhls amazlng lncldenL proved Lo be qulLe caLasLrophlc for Lhe world because even
Lord Surya was lefL sLranded aL a parLlcular polnL ln Lhe horlzon As a resulL one parL of Lhe earLh
became Loo hoL for any llfe Lo exlsL Slmllarly Lhe oLher half of Lhe earLh became unbearably
cold 1he Llme became sLlll and everyLhlng wenL haywlre ln Lhe world
All Lhe delLles became exLremely worrled and wenL Lo Lord 8rahma Lo seek hls help Lord
8rahma advlsed Lhem Lo go Lo kashl and seek help from sage AgasLya uelLles were pleased aL
Lhelr good forLune of geLLlng a chance Lo vlslL kashl uelLles afLer reachlng kashl pald a vlslL Lo
Manlkarnlka LeerLh and Look Lhelr baLh SubsequenLly Lhey wenL Lo vlshwanaLh Lemple and
worshlpped Lord vlshwanaLh AL lasL Lhey reached Lhe hermlLage of AgasLya where he was busy
worshlpplng a self made Shlvallnga 1he enLlre hermlLage was crowded wlLh young puplls of
AgasLya AfLer Lhe pleasanLrles havlng been exchanged sage AgasLaya asked Lhe delLles abouL
Lhe purpose of Lhelr vlslL
ACAS1?A C8uL8S vlnuP?A 1C ulMlnlSP l1S SlZL
When AgasLya learnL of Lhe problem creaLed by vlndhyachal he agreed Lo help Lhe delLles
desplLe fully aware of Lhe facL LhaL once he lefL kashl lL would noL be posslble for hlm Lo see hls
dearesL kashl once agaln aL leasL ln hls presenL blrLh 8efore leavlng for vlndhyachal he soughL
permlsslon from Lord 8halrav Pe Lhen reached Lhe place where vlndhyachal had obsLrucLed Lhe
paLh of Surya Lopamudra hls wlfe accompanled hlm
When vlndhyachal found AgasLya sLarrlng angrlly aL hlm he became scarred and lmmedlaLely
mlnlmlzed hls slze Sage AgasLya was pleased LhaL hls ob[ecLlve had been achleved wlLhouL
maklng any efforL buL he knew qulLe well LhaL once he lefL Lhe place vlndhyachal would regaln
hls mammoLh slze So he declded Lo do someLhlng so LhaL vlndhyachal could noL obsLrucL Lhe
paLh of Surya Pe worked ouL a plan accordlng Lo whlch he lnsLrucLed vlndhyachal Lo walL for
hlm unLll he reLurned afLer accompllshlng hls pllgrlmage vlndhyachal agreed assumlng LhaL
AgasLya would reLurn ln a shorL Llme
vlndhyachal Lhanked hls good forLune of escaplng AgasLyas wraLh whlch could oLherwlse have
LhreaLened hls very exlsLence Sage AgasLya Lhen wenL away never Lo reLurn and vlndhyachal
kepL on walLlng for hls arrlval 1hls way Lhe paLh belng cleared Surya was once agaln able Lo
move freely on lLs orblL wlLhouL any problem and as a resulL normalcy reLurned Lo Lhe world
Cn Lhe oLher hand AgasLya who was noL aL all happy leavlng hls dearesL kashl was desperaLe Lo
geL Lhere back as soon as posslble 8uL he knew LhaL hls wlsh was golng Lo remaln unfulfllled
Whlle wanderlng abouL he reached kolapur where he worshlpped goddess Mahalakshml When
goddess Mahalakshml appeared he asked her wheLher he would ever be able Lo reach kashl ln
hls presenL llfe Coddess Mahalakshml replled?our wlshes wlll be fulfllled ln Lhe comlng
nlneLeenLh dwapar when you would lncarnaLe as vyasa and would conLrlbuLe a greaL deal ln Lhe
propagaLlon of Lhe vedas and uranas 1here ls a sacrosancL place of karLlkeya noL very far from
here Co Lhere and pay your obelsance Lo Lord karLlkeya and he would unravel Lhe mysLerlous
aspecLs of kashl Lo youSage AgasLya and hls wlfe Lopamudra Lhen wenL Lo Lhe mounLaln called Srl
Shall where
karLlkeya llved aL LhaL Llme
kASPl 1PL SAC8CSAnC1 LACL Cl lLC8lMACL
AfLer Lravelllng for someLlme boLh of Lhem arrlved near Srl Shall mounLaln olnLlng hls flnger
Lowards Lhe mounLaln AgasLya Lold hls wlfeCne who has a good forLune of seelng Lhe peaks
of Lhls mounLaln never Lakes a second blrLh
Lopamudra replled ln amazemenL lf Lhe slghL of Lhls mounLaln was capable of glvlng salvaLlon
Lhen why do you long for kashl?
Sage AgasLya Lhen wenL on Lo clarlfy LhaL Lhere were many oLher holy places capable of glvlng
salvaLlon rayag ls one such place lL ls capable of besLowlng all Lhe four urusharLh Lo manuharma
ArLha kama and Moksha AparL from rayag Lhere are many more holy places llke
nalmlsharanya kuruksheLra Cangadwar AvanLl Ayodhya MaLhura uwarka 8adrlkashram
urushoLLam ksheLra whlch are capable of glvlng salvaLlon Lo a man 8uL none of Lhese places
can maLch kashl because kashl ls lncomparable
LC8u kA81lkL?A uLSC8l8LS 1PL MA!LS1? Cl
kASPl
Sage AgasLya and hls wlfe Lopamudra clrcumambulaLed Srl Shall MounLaln and cllmbed up
LohlL mounLaln where Lhey found Lord karLlkeya 8oLh of Lhem euloglzed karLlkeya by slnglng
vedlc hymns ln hls pralse Lord karLlkeya was exLremely pleased by Lhelr devoLlon and sald C
revered sage! ?ou can undersLand kashls lmporLance by Lhe facL LhaL Lhough l am capable of
reachlng any place accordlng Lo my wlsh buL sLlll here l am dolng Lhls ausLere penance for Lhe
aLLalnmenL of kashl l musL confess LhaL l have noL been successful ln my efforLs Llll daLe lf any
body Lhlnks LhaL he can aLLaln Lo kashl [usL by performlng ausLerlLles Lhan he ls LoLally wrong
kashl can never be aLLalned Lo unLll and unless one has Lhe blesslng of Lord Mahadeva And one
who ls forLunaLe enough Lo have reached kashl musL under no clrcumsLances leave lL Llll he ls
allve C AgasLya! ?ou are blessed because you had Lhe good forLune of resldlng aL kashl lease
allow me Lo Louch your body whlch has acqulred hollness due Lo lLs proxlmlLy Lo kashl Pavlng
sald Lhls karLlkeya Louched dlfferenL parLs of AgasLyas body as lf he were Louchlng Lhe sacred
soll of kashl
1PL C8lCln Cl kASPl
Sage AgasLya asked Lord karLlkeya how Lhe sacrosancL place kashl came lnLo belng Pe also
asked how kashl became famous as a place capable of glvlng salvaLlon Lo a man
Lord karLlkeya revealed Lo AgasLya LhaL once arvaLl had asked Lord Shlva Lhe same quesLlon
Lord Shlva had Lold her AL Lhe Llme of deluge when every Lhlng had submerged ln Lhe ocean
and darkness prevalled everywhere only 8rahman Lhe embodlmenL of LruLh exlsLed aL LhaL Llme and
noLhlng else 8rahman Lhe absoluLe LruLh ls lndescrlbable and lnexpresslble no name can be
aLLrlbuLed Lo Plm Pe ls Lhe absoluLe LruLh Lhe ulLlmaLe knowledge Lhe lnflnlLe Lhe omnlpresenL
and Lhe eLernal bllss 1hough baslcally formless Pe aLLalned a form on accounL of Pls own wlsh
1haL form ls none oLher Lhan me LaLer on l creaLed rakrlLl from my body All Lhree of us
(Shlva arvaLl and kashl) manlfesLed slmulLaneously by Lhe grace of Adl urusha (1he
AlmlghLy Cod)
ConLlnulng wlLh Lhe Lale of kashls greaLness karLlkeya Lold AgasLya 1here ls no holy place as
dear Lo Lord Shlva as kashl whlch ls noL abandoned by hlm as well as hls consorLarvaLl even
aL Lhe Llme of deluge Lord Shlva named Lhls holy place Ananda van because lL gave lmmense
[oy Lo hlm SubsequenLly Lord Shlva and goddess !agdamba puL a glance on Lhe lefL porLlon of
Lhelr respecLlve bodles as Lhe resulL of whlch a dlvlne enLlLy manlfesLed hlmself who was none
oLher Lhan Lord vlshnu and who was named urushoLLam by Lord Shlva Lord Shlva afLer
blesslng urushoLLam wenL away LaLer on Lord vlshnu creaLed a dlvlne reservolr wlLh hls
sudarshan chakra and fllled lL up wlLh hls sweaL Pe Lhen engaged hlmself ln an ausLere penance
Lord Shlva once agaln appeared along wlLh arvaLl and blessed vlshnu by saylng 1hls holy
place wlll become famously known as Manlkarnlka because Lhls ls Lhe very place where l had
once losL my dlamond earrlng
Lord vlshnu made a requesL Lo Shlva May Lhls place fulflll Lhe wlshes of Lhose who seek
salvaLlon Slnce lL ls blessed wlLh your eLernal presence hence lLs anoLher name would be kashl
Lord Shlva assured vlshnu by saylng 1hls sacrosancL place ls very dear Lo me and no evenL
Lakes place here agalnsL my wlsh Lven lf a person llvlng here happens Lo be a slnner he has
noLhlng Lo fear because l proLecL hlm Cne who llves far from kashl buL remembers lL wlLh
reverence becomes absolved of all hls slns
1here ls a magnlflcenL Shlvallnga aL kashl famously known as kashl vlshwanaLh Pere ls
slLuaLed one of Lhe Lwelve !yoLlrllngas !usL as Lhe Sun ls vlslble ln Lhe whole world desplLe lLs
presence aL a parLlcular polnL ln Lhe horlzon ln Lhe same manner kashl has lLs lnfluence
LhroughouL Lhe lengLh and breadLh of Lhe world
v AvAn1l kSPL18A kPAnu
SAnA1kuMA8 CLC8lllLS MAPAkAL 1L81P
Cnce goddess arvaLl requesLed Shlva Lo descrlbe Lhe slgnlflcance of Mahakal LeerLh Lord Shlva
replled Cnce SanaLkumar one of Lhe manaspuLras of Lord 8rahma had gone Lo hls faLhers abode
slLuaLed aL a place near Meru mounLaln Sage vyasa arrlved Lhere and asked hlm Lhe same quesLlon
SanaLkumar had revealed Lo hlm LhaL all klnds of slns loosed Lhelr evll lnfluence aL Mahakal LeerLh Pe
had
also Lold hlm LhaL lL was called eeLha because MaLrlkas had Lhelr abode over Lhere Anybody who ls
forLunaLe of leavlng hls morLal body aL Lhls holyplace ls freed from Lhe vlclous cycles of blrLh and
deaLh
1hls place ls very dear Lo Lord Shlva and ls also called by varlous oLher names llke Lkamrakvan
Mahakalvan and vlmukLlksheLra
kAAL MCCPAnCnce Lord Shlva arrlved aL Mahakal foresL wlLh a skull ln hls hand All Lhe Lrees and
vegeLaLlon
were dellghLed Lo flnd hlm ln Lhelr mldsL 1hey requesLed lord Shlva Lo remaln Lhelr forever Lord
Shlva Lold Lhem LhaL lL was noL posslble for hlm Lo sLay Lhere forever buL on belng requesLed once
agaln agreed Lo sLay Lhere for aL leasL a year AfLer one year when Lhe Llme for deparLure came he
released Lhe skull from hls hand as a memorlal
When Lord 8rahma came Lo know of Lhls lncldenL he lnsLrucLed all Lhe delLles Lo reach Mahakal
foresL wlLhouL wasLlng any Llme so LhaL a grand yagya could be performed aL Lhe place where
Shlva had lefL Lhe skull All Lhe delLles wenL Lo Lhe sald place and worshlpped Lord Shlva by
employlng Lhe rlLuals of ashupaL vraLa whlch Lord 8rahma had LaughL Lhem Lord Shlva
became pleased by Lhelr devoLlon and sald erhaps you all are noL aware LhaL Lhere was a
speclflc ob[ecLlve behlnd my acL of releaslng Lhe skull from my hand 1hls acL of mlne was done
Lo proLecL your llves buL lL seems you are unaware of lLs slgnlflcance ln a way all of you have
already recelved my blesslngs ln advance for your deep devoLlon WhaL else do you wlsh for?
uelLles were amazed by Shlvas sLaLemenLs and were wonderlng whaL Shlva was Lrylng Lo
convey So Lhey requesLed Shlva Lo unravel Lhe mysLery so LhaL Lhey could undersLand whaL he
meanL Lo say Lord Shlva Lold Lhem 1he followers of Maya were plannlng Lo klll you whlle you
were busy dolng penance buL no one of you was aware of Lhelr evll moLlve l came Lo know abouL
Lhls ln my deep sLaLe of medlLaLlon and dropped Lhe skull from my hand As soon as Lhe skull
Louched Lhe ground a Lhunderous sound was made as Lhe resulL of whlch all Lhe demons were
kllled lnsLanLaneously
All Lhe delLles Lhanked Lord Shlva for proLecLlng Lhelr llves ln course of Llme Lhls parLlcular
place became famous as kapal mochan Lemple and ls presenLly slLuaLed ln u[[aln
vA8lCuS nAMLS Cl u!!Alnlu8l
Cnce Sage vyasa requesLed SanaLkumar Lo reveal why u[[alnlpurl was known by varlous names
llke kanakshrlnga kushasLhall AvanLl and admavaLl
SanaLkumar replled Cnce Lord 8rahma and Lord Shlva arrlved aL u[[alnlpurl ln search of
Lord vlshnu who had dlsappeared from hls abode 1o Lhelr pleasanL surprlse Lhey found Lord
vlshnu sLaylng Lhere 8oLh of Lhem requesLed vlshnu Lo allow Lhem Lo sLay aL u[[alnlpurl and
sald C Lord! When dld you creaLe such a magnlflcenL place wlLh golden mounLaln peaks?
Allow us Lo llve ln Lhls beauLlful clLy for we can noL llve ln your separaLlon
Lord vlshnu requesLed 8rahma Lo make hls abode ln Lhe norLhern parL of Lhe clLy whlle Shlva
was Lold Lo make souLhern parL as hls abode Lord vlshnu Lhen Lold Lhem Slnce you have
referred Lo Lhls place as a clLy of golden mounLaln peaks Lherefore from now onwards lL would
become famous as kanchan Shrlnga (golden peaks)
SanaLkumar Lhen wenL on Lo explaln why u[[alnlpurl was also called kusha sLhall Pavlng
creaLed Lhe world Lord 8rahma requesLed Lord vlshnu Lo nurLure lL Lord vlshnu agreed on Lhe
condlLlon LhaL Lord 8rahma provlded hlm a plous place on Lhe earLh from where he could
perform hls duLy 8rahma Lhen plcked up a handful of kusha grass and Lhrew down on Lhe earLh 1hls
way Lord vlshnu performed hls duLy as Lhe nurLurer of Lhe world slLLlng on Lhe seaL of
kusha grass 1hls ls Lhe reason why Lhls place came Lo be known as kusha sLhall
SanaLkumar Lhen descrlbed how u[[alnlpurl also came Lo be known as AvanLl purl Cnce afLer
belng defeaLed by Lhe demons delLles fled Lo Meru mounLaln LaLer on Lhey wenL Lo Lord 8rahma
and soughL hls help Lord 8rahma Look all Lhe delLles Lo Lord vlshnu Pardly had Lhey reached
Lhe abode of vlshnu and offered Lhelr obelsance Lhen Lhey heard a heavenly volce 1here ls a
sacrosancL place called kushasLhall ln Lhe foresL of Mahakal van 1hls holy place ls graced by Lhe
presence of Lord Mahadeva Co Lhere and engage yourself ln ausLerlLles and you wlll cerLalnly
become Lhe masLer of Lhe heaven once agaln
SubsequenLly all Lhe delLles wenL Lo a place called alshachmochan slLuaLed ln kushasLhall and
engaged Lhemselves ln varlous ausLerlLles As propheslzed by vlshnu Lhe delLles lndeed defeaLed
Lhe demons and became Lhe ruler of heaven 1he Lerm Avan means Lhe proLecLor and slnce lL
had proLecLed Lhe delLles hence lL became famous as AvanLl
SanaLkumar also descrlbed how kushasLhall also came Lo be known as u[[alnl Cnce a demon
named 1rlpur dld an ausLere penance Lo please Lord 8rahma When 8rahma appeared he
expressed hls wlsh of becomlng lmmorLal Lord 8rahma fulfllled hls wlsh as Lhe resulL of whlch
1rlpur became arroganL and sLarLed LormenLlng Lhe delLles 1he delLles soughL Lhe help of Lord
Shlva who assured Lhem LhaL he would klll Lhe demon SubsequenLly Lord Shlva dld klll 1rlpur
wlLh hls mosL leLhal weapon pashupaL ashLra afLer a flerce baLLle 1he place where Lhls lncldenL
Look place became famous as u[[alnl because of Lhe flerce baLLle foughL beLween Shlva and
1rlpur
ConLlnulng wlLh Lhe Lale whlch descrlbed Lhe reason why u[[alnlpurl also came Lo be known as
admavaLl SanaLkumar Lold vyasauurlng Lhe Llme of ocean churnlng ambrosla had also
emerged from Lhe ocean bed along wlLh many oLher valuable Lhlngs 1he demons wanLed Lo drlnk
ambrosla so LhaL Lhey could become lmmorLal buL Lhe delLles were agalnsL Lhls ldea very soon
Lhe argumenLs Lurned lnLo a ma[or dlspuLe and boLh Lhe sldes sLarLed quarrelllng narada
requesLed Lord vlshnu Lo do someLhlng ln Lhls regard Lord vlshnu dlsgulsed hlmself as a
beauLlful lady and was successful ln lnfaLuaLlng Lhe demons llnally he sLarLed glvlng ambrosla
Lo Lhe delLles who afLer drlnklng lL became lmmorLal A demon named 8ahu was slLLlng ln Lhe
rows of Lhe delLles afLer changlng hls gulse Lord vlshnu was unable Lo recognlze 8ahu and gave
some ambrosla Lo hlm mlsLaklng hlm Lo be a delLy 8uL hardly had 8ahu gulped down Ambrosla
and before lL could reach down hls LhroaL vlshnu severed hls head 8ahus head became
lmmorLal as Lhe resulL of ambroslas lnfluence 1hls lncldenL had Laken place aL Mahakal foresL
LaLer on all Lhe delLles dlsLrlbuLed Lhe whole wealLh whlch had emerged from Lhe ocean among
Lhemselves 1hls ls Lhe reason why u[[alnlpurl came Lo be known as admavaLl because adma ls
anoLher name of Coddess Lakshml
1PL C8AnuLu8 Cl AvAn1lu8l
SanaLkumar saysCnce arvaLl requesLed Lord Shlva Lo explaln why AvanLlpurl was consldered
so holy by Lhe devoLees Lord Shlva Lold her LhaL lL was so because Lhere were numerous holy
places slLuaLed over Lhere Lord Shlva had Lold her 1here are four holy rlvers flowlng Lhrough Lhe
dlfferenL reglons of AvanLlpurl kshlpra ulvyanav neelganga and CandhavaLl 1here are
Lemples belonglng Lo elghLy four Shlvallngas elghL 8halravas eleven 8udras 1welve AdlLyas
slx Caneshas and LwenLy four goddesses noL only Lhls Lhere are also Lemples of Lord vlshnu and
8rahma AvanLlpurl ls spread ln Lhe radlus of one yo[an 1here are Lemples belonglng Lo Len
dlfferenL lncarnaLlons of Lord vlshnu vasudev AnanL 8alaram !anardan narayan Prlshlkesh
varaha uharnldhar vaman and Lord vlshnu hlmself Laklng resL on Sheshnag AparL from Lhese
Lhere are many oLher holy places slLuaLed aL AvanLlpurl whlch enhances lLs sancLlLy and hollness
1PL uLSCLn1 Cl nA8MAuA
Lxplalnlng Lhe reason why narmada had Lo descend down Lo earLh SuL[l narraLed a Lale Lo Lhe
assembled sages Cnce Sage Markandeya was Laklng resL aL Lhe bank of rlver narmada where
?udhlsLhlra accompanled by uraupadl arrlved Lhere ?udhlsLhlra curlously asked Markandeya
abouL Lhe reason he had chosen Lhe bank of narmada as hls resLlng place when Lhere were so
many oLher holy places of greaLer slgnlflcance Sage Markandeya recounLed a Lale whlch sald
how some sages had requesLed klng ururva Lo brlng down rlver narmada Lo Lhe earLh so LhaL Lhe
whole world becomes llberaLed from lLs slns uescrlblng Lhe hollness of narmada sages had Lold
ururava 1he holy narmada ls capable of llberaLlng Lhe whole world from lLs sln So you
should flnd means so LhaL narmada descends down Lo earLh LaLer on ururva dld an ausLere
penance Lo please Shlva When Lord Shlva appeared before hlm ururva expressed hls wlsh
Shlva lnsLrucLed narmada Lo descend down Lo earLh buL she Lold hlm LhaL she needed a base for
LhaL Lo happen Lord Shlva Lhen lnsLrucLed aryank Lhe son of vlndhyachal mounLaln Lo hold
narmada whlle she descended down Lo earLh rayank agreed Lo do LhaL and Lhls was how
narmada came down on earLh lnlLlally Lhe whole world was flooded wlLh Lhe waLers of
narmada buL aL Lhe requesL of Lhe delLles she mlnlmlzed her slze narmada blessed ururva and
lnsLrucLed hlm Lo perform Lhe rlLuals of Larpan ln Lhe name of hls ancesLors so LhaL Lhey became
llberaLed from Lhelr slns ururva complled and Lhus by performlng Larpan llberaLed all hls
ancesLors
Pavlng flnlshed hls Lale Markandeya Lold ?udhlsLhlra LhaL one who Lakes a holy dlp ln narmada
aLLalns vlrLues slmllar Lo LhaL of performlng Ashwamedh yagya
nA8MAuA MA88lLS u8uku1Su
Markandeya saldC ?udhlsLhlra! klng uruLkuLsu was Samudra ln hls prevlous blrLh and had
been cursed by 8rahma 1he descenL of narmada on earLh made Lhe delLles exLremely dellghLed
and Lhey requesLed narmada Lo glve Lhem Lhe prlvllege of experlenclng her dlvlne Louch 8uL
narmada refused Lo glve Lhem LhaL prlvllege on Lhe preLexL LhaL she was sLlll unmarrled and lL
would noL be proper for her Lo do so All Lhe delLles Lhen requesLed her Lo become Lhe consorL of
urukuLsu Lo whlch she agreed 1hls way narmada marrled uruLkusu AfLer geLLlng marrled
uruLkuLsu requesLed her Lo llberaLe hls ancesLors so LhaL Lhey could aLLaln Lo heaven narmada
readlly obllged and Lhls way uruLkuLsu conLrlbuLed ln hls ancesLors deparLure Lo heaven
MAnu 8LCLlvLS A 8CCn l8CM nA8MAuAMarkandeya saldManu ruled over Ayodhya durlng
Swayambhuva manvanLar Cne day whlle
he was golng Lo sleep he heard a pecullar sound as lf numerous small bells were rlnglng Pe
was perplexed and could noL ascerLaln Lhe cause of LhaL sound so he asked sage vashlshLha abouL
Lhls Sage vashlshLha made a revelaLlon by whlch Manu was sLarLled Sage vashlshLha Lold hlm
1here ls a holy place called 1rlpurl slLuaLed aL Lhe bank of rlver narmada 1he sound LhaL you
heard lasL nlghL emanaLed from Lhe small bells aLLached Lo number of alrcrafL kepL on Lhe roofs of
Lhe resldences of such people who are vlrLuous C klng! Cnly narmada ls capable of glvlng
salvaLlon Lo lowly of slnners
Manu was hlghly lmpressed and declded Lo go Lo 1rlpurl along wlLh hls whole clan All of Lhem
Look holy dlps ln Lhe narmada and became llberaLed from all Lhelr slns Manu performed a grand
yagya aL Lhe bank of narmada Lo whlch all Lhe sages and hermlLs were lnvlLed narmada became
pleased by hls devoLlon and expressed her wllllngness Lo fulflll any wlsh LhaL Manu deslred
Manu requesLed her help ln brlnglng down Canga and oLher holy rlvers Lo earLh narmada
blessed hlm and sald ln Lhe flrsL half of 1reLa yuga one of your descendanLs named 8haglraLh
would accompllsh Lhls greaL feaL of brlnglng down holy Canga Lo earLh ln Lhe second half of Lhe
same era oLher holy rlvers llke kallndl SaraswaLl Sarayu and Mahabhaga would also manlfesL
Lhemselves
!AMuACnl 8LCLlvLS kAMuPLnu
Markandeya Lold ?udhlsLhlra Sage !amdagnl was a greaL devoLee of Shlva and he llved ln
narmadapur Pe spenL hls day chanLlng manLras ln Lhe pralse of Lord Shlva Cnce he performed
an ausLere penance whlch lasLed for a monLh ulLlmaLely Shlva manlfesLed hlmself from Lhe
Slddheshwar Llnga and appeared before hlm Lord Shlva asked !amdagnl Lo ask for any Lhlng he
wlshed for !amdagnl expressed hls deslre Lo have kamdhenu so LhaL he could perform hls rlLuals
and oLher rellglous obllgaLlons wlLhouL any problem Lord Shlva blessed !amdagnl and
dlsappeared 1he nexL momenL !amdagnl found kamdhenu sLandlng ln fronL of hls hermlLage
now !amdagnl goL everyLhlng LhaL he wlshed for 1hls way he was a happy and conLenLed llfe
unLll one faLeful day when he was kllled by a greedy klng named karLaveerya who subsequenLly
Look kamdhenu along wlLh hlm Whlle Lhe greedy klng was sLlll on hls way kamdhenu cursed
hlm LhaL very soon noL only he buL Lhe whole casLe of kshaLrlya would be llquldaLed by
arshuram !amdagnls son as punlshmenL for havlng commlLLed such a ghasLly sln of kllllng an
lnnocenL sage AfLer curslng karLaveerya kamdhenu wenL Lo her orlglnal abode Lhe heaven
LaLer on when arshuram learnL of hls faLhers slaylng he llquldaLed karLaveerya and Lhe whole
casLe of kshaLrlya as had been propheslzed by kamdhenu
uLSC8l1lCn Cl PLLL
?udhlsLhlra requesLed Markandeya Lo descrlbe whaL a slnner had Lo go Lhrough ln ?amaloka and
also LhaL whaL klnd of a person should be consldered as Lhe mosL ghasLly slnnerMarkandeya replled
uonaLlng food Lo needy people ls an exLremely vlrLuous deed and Lhere ls
no vlrLuous deed greaLer Lhan Lhls A person who donaLes cereals can be apLly called AnnadaLa
one who provldes food Cne who has never donaLed cereals ln hls llfeLlme ls deflnlLe Lo go Lo hell
and has Lo Lread an arduous paLh leadlng Lo lL LhaL ls rldden wlLh prlckly Lhorns polnLed nalls and
oLher sharp ob[ecLs 1he enLlre paLh leadlng Lo hell ls exLremely dark and covered wlLh large plLs
1he paLh ls also covered wlLh unbearably hoL sand spllled all over Lhe place 1he slnner ls
forclbly Laken by Lhe ?amdooLs desplLe Lhelr relucLance 1he slnners repenL for Lhe slns Lhey have
commlLLed buL lL ls of no use Lo Lhem as Lhey wlll have Lo reap Lhe frulLs of Lhelr evll deeds 1hey
have Lo undergo all sorLs of palnful experlence Lhey are forced Lo pass Lhrough flre and plLs full
of fllLh
1hose slnners who have aLoned for Lhelr slns are noL LreaLed so harshly by Lhe ?amdooLs AfLer
Lhey appear before ?amra[ ChlLragupLa remlnds Lhem of all Lhe slns Lhey had commlLLed
1hereafLer ?amra[ orders hls aLLendanLs Lo purlfy Lhe slnners by puLLlng Lhem lnLo Lhe ocean of
Lhe Pell 1here are 1wenLyelghL Lypes of hells ALlghora 8audra ChorLama uukh[ananl
Chorrupa 1aranLara 8hayanaka kalraLrl ChaLoLkaLa Chanda Mahachanda Chndakolahala
rachanda varagnlka !aghanya Avaraloma 8hlshnl naylka karala vlkarala va[ravlnshLl
AsLa anchkona Sudlrgha arlvarLula SapLabhauma AshLabhauma and ueerghamaya Lach of
Lhe laLLer hell ls more horrlflc Lhan Lhe former Slnners have Lo undergo unbearable paln and
sufferlngs ln Lhe hell 1hey are Lled up by very hoL lron chalns and hanged down from Lrees
?amdooLs aLLach hoL and heavy lron balls Lo Lhelr feeL and Lhrash Lhem wlLh hoL lron rods 1hey
are Lhen puL lnLo wells of fllLh 1he Longue of a llar ls rooLed ouL wlLh bruLe force and a person
who shows dlsrespecL Lo hls elders and Leachers hls mouLh ls fllled wlLh hoL sands and bolllng
oll Slmllarly lmmoral women who do noL fulflll Lhelr obllgaLlon Lowards Lhelr husbands are
Lhrown lnLo a horrlflc hell named Lohakumbh C ?udhlsLhlra! A mans llfe ls Loo shorL and
uncerLaln Cne ls noL sure when hls flnal call would come So one should Lry Lo lead a vlrLuous
llfe Lo Lhe besL of hls ablllLy
vl nACA8 kPAnu
18lSPAnku Cu8SLu 8? vASPlSP1PAS SCnS
SuL[l once narraLed Lhe followlng Lale Lo Lhe assembled sages ln anclenL Llmes Lhere llved a
mlghLy klng named 1rlshanku Pe belonged Lo Suryavanshl dynasLy Cne day he asked Sage
vashlshLha wheLher Lhere was any such ?agya by performlng whlch he would be enLlLled Lo go
Lo heaven wlLh hls physlcal form Sage vashlshLha laughed aL hls nalve query and Lold hlm LhaL
Lhere was no such ?agya by performlng whlch a man could go Lo Lhe heaven wlLh hls morLal
body 8uL 1rlshanku was noL saLlsfled by vashlshLhas answer and so he wenL Lo ask Lhe same
quesLlon Lo vashlshLhas sons who were one hundred ln number 8uL even Lhey corroboraLed Lhelr
faLhers sLaLemenL 1rlshanku goL lnfurlaLed and LhreaLened Lhem LhaL he would appolnL somebody
else as hls royal prlesL Lo geL Lhe same yagya performed as Lhey all lacked Lhe requlred
knowledge and compeLence vashlshLhas sons also goL angry and cursed hlm Lo become a
chandal (a low casLe person) 1he nexL momenL 1rlshanku lndeed became a chandal and was so
much ashamed of hlmself LhaL he declded Lo go Lo Lhe foresL afLer rellnqulshlng hls Lhrone Pe
called hls son Parlshchandra and narraLed Lhe whole Lale of hls mlsery 8efore golng Lo Lhe
foresL he appolnLed Parlshchandra as hls successorCne day whlle wanderlng ln Lhe foresL 1rlshanku
meL Sage vlshwamlLra and narraLed hls
mlserable Lale Lo hlm Slnce vlshwamlLra was a compeLlLor of vashlshLha he Look lL as a golden
opporLunlLy Lo prove hls superlorlLy Lo hls adversary So he assured 1rlshanku LhaL he had Lhe
requlslLe power Lo send anybody Lo heaven and sald l shall help you perform a grand yagya
whlch would allow you Lo aLLaln Lo Lhe heaven wlLh your morLal body 8uL before LhaL you wlll
have Lo go on a pllgrlmage so LhaL you become pure once agaln 8oLh vlshwamlLra and
1rlshanku seL ouL on a pllgrlmage and reached Arbudachal where Lhey meL sage Markandeya
AfLer Lhe pleasanLrles were over Markandeya asked vlshwamlLra abouL 1rlshanku who was
sLandlng quleLly vlshwamlLra revealed everyLhlng Lo Markandeya and sald l had Laken a vow
noL Lo Lake resL unLll 1rlshanku goL absolved of Lhe evll lnfluence of Lhe curse glven by
vashlshLhas sons l have noL achleved success ln my ob[ecLlve Llll daLe so l have declded Lo
renounce Lhe world
Seelng vlshwamlLra ln such desperaLlon Markandeya consoled hlm and lnsLrucLed hlm Lo go Lo
PaLkeshwar where Laklng a holy dlp ln aLal Canga would purlfy 1rlshanku and solve all hls
problems8oLh vlshwamlLra and 1rlshanku reached PaLkeshwar and baLhed ln Lhe holy aLal
Canga 1o hls pleasanL surprlse 1rlshanku found LhaL he had lndeed become purlfled and all Lhe
lowly quallLles had vanlshed wlLhln no Llme vlshwamlLra was dellghLed as Lhe flrsL condlLlon for
1rlshankus deparLure Lo Peaven had been meL Pe declded Lo go Lo 8rahma loka Lo requesL Lord
8rahma Lo be presenL aL Lhe ?agya whlch was Lo be performed for Lhe success of 1rlshankus
deparLure Lo heaven 8uL before leavlng he lnsLrucLed 1rlshanku Lo make all Lhe necessary
preparaLlons before hls reLurn
AfLer reachlng 8rahma loka vlshwamlLra narraLed Lhe whole sLory Lo Lord 8rahma and
requesLed hlm Lo grace Lhe ?agya by hls presence Lord 8rahma Lold hlm LhaL lL was [usL
lmposslble for any morLal Lo aLLaln Lo heaven ln hls physlcal form buL he added LhaL lf 1rlshanku
performed Lhe rlLuals dlllgenLly Lhen he would cerLalnly aLLaln Lo heaven afLer hls deaLh
vlshwamlLra dld noL llke 8rahmas words and challenged hlm LhaL no power on earLh could sLop
hlm from sendlng 1rlshanku Lo Peaven
vlSPWAMl18A CCMMLnCLS nLW C8LA1lCn
vlshwamlLra Lhen lnsLrucLed 1rlshanku Lo make preparaLlon for Lhe ?agya AfLer everyLhlng was
ready vlshwamlLra lnlLlaLed 1rlshanku lnLo Lhe rlLuals of ?agya 1rlshanku made offerlngs ln
Lhe sacrlflclal flre aL Lhe lnsLrucLlon of vlshwamlLra 1he delLles readlly accepLed all Lhe offerlngs
LhaL were made Lo Lhem 1hls way Lhe yagya conLlnued for Lwelve long years buL sLlll Lhere was
no slgn of vlshwamlLras deslre of sendlng 1rlshanku Lo heaven geLLlng fulfllled 1rlshanku
became de[ecLed and Lold hlm abouL hls declslon Lo renounce everyLhlng and spend resL of hls llfe
dolng penance as chances of aLLalnlng Lo heaven appeared lmposslble Pe was also sure LhaL
vashlshLhas sons would make fun of hlm lf he wenL back Lo hls klngdom wlLhouL achlevlng hls
ob[ecLlve 8uL vlshwamlLra consoled hlm and saldno power on earLh can sLop you from golng
Lo heaven wlLh your physlcal form ?ou [usL need Lo have some paLlence and your deslre wlll be
cerLalnly fulfllled
vlshwamlLra declded Lo please Lord Shlva as he was convlnced LhaL Shlva was Lhe only delLy
who could help hlm achleve hls goal Pe euloglzed Shlva by slnglng hymns of pralse ln hls name AL lasL
Shlva appeared before hlm and expressed hls deslre of fulfllllng any wlsh of
vlshwamlLra vlshwamlLra requesLed Shlva Lo besLow on hlm Lhe power of creaLlon [usL llke
8rahma had Lord Shlva blessed hlm and dlsappearednow vlshwamlLra was eager Lo LesL hls
powers so he began creaLlng dlfferenL Lhlngs Pe creaLed Sun Moon SLars Cceans 8lvers so on
and so forLh ln a shorL Llme Lhe whole world was fllled by hls creaLlons resulLlng lnLo chaos all
over As Lhe resulL of hls creaLlons every naLural Lhlng became double ln number one LhaL had
already been creaLed by 8rahma and Lhe second creaLed by vlshwamlLra now Lhere exlsLed Lwo
suns Lwo moons so on and so forLh vlshwamlLras amazlng deeds had caLasLrophlc fallouL on
Lhe naLural course of evenLs
uelLles were scarred and rushed Lo seek Lhe help of Lord 8rahma 1hey Lold 8rahma LhaL lf
vlshwamlLra was noL sLopped Lhe whole world was doomed Lo desLrucLlon Lord 8rahma
appeared before vlshwamlLra and ordered Lo sLop dolng creaLlons vlshwamlLra Lold hlm LhaL he
was ready Lo do LhaL lf 8rahma helped 1rlshanku aLLaln Lo heaven wlLh hls morLal body Seelng
no oLher opLlon 8rahma accepLed vlshwamlLras condlLlon 1hls way vlshwamlLra was able Lo
send 1rlshanku physlcally Lo heaven wlLh Lhe help of Lord 8rahma
vll 8A8PAS kPAnu
uLSC8l1lCn Cl u8AnAS Anu uu8AnAS
Cnce whlle descrlblng Lhe orlgln of uranas SuL[l Lold Lhe sages who had assembled aL
nalmlsharanyaLord Shlva had flrsL revealed Lhe conLenLs of Skanda urana Lo arvaLl aL
kallash MounLaln Lord 8rahma and few oLher delLles were also presenL Lhere aL Lhe Llme when
Shlva was narraLlng Lhe Lale SubsequenLly arvaLl narraLed Lhls Lale Lo Skanda Skanda Lo nandl
and nandl Lo sages llke Sanak eLc and flnally Sanak narraLed lL Lo vyasa now l am golng Lo Lell
you Lhe same Lale whlch vyasa had narraLed Lo me
SuL[l began by saylng uurlng anclenL Llmes Lord 8rahma once dld a very ausLere penance
resulLlng lnLo Lhe manlfesLaLlon of all Lhe four vedas LaLer on all Lhe elghLeen uranas Loo
appeared from hls mouLh 1hese elghLeen uranas were 8rahma urana vlshnu urana Shlva
urana 8hagawaL urana 8havlshya urana narada urana Markandeya urana Agnl urana
8rahma valvarLa urana Llnga urana adma urana varaha urana Skanda urana vaman
urana kurma urana MaLsya urana Caruda urana and vayu urana AparL from Lhese
elghLeen maln uranas Lhere are also slmllar number of secondary uranas known as upuranas 1hese
upuranas are SanaLkumar narslmha Skand Shlva uharma uurvasa
narada kapll Manu ushana 8rahmand varun kallka Maheshwar Samb Saura arashar
Marlch and 8hargava
SuL[l Lhen wenL on Lo descrlbe Lhe oLher feaLures of each urana 8rahma urana conLalns Len
Lhousand shlokas ln lL whereas adma urana conLalns flfLyflve Lhousand shlokas Slmllarly
Lhere are LwenLyLhree Lhousand shlokas ln vlshnu urana vayu urana conLalns Lhe Lales relaLed
wlLh Lord Shlva and lL conLalns LwenLyfour Lhousand shlokas ln lL Slmllarly Lhe remalnlng
uranas llke 8hagawaL narada Markandeya Agnl 8havlshya 8rhmavalvarLa Llnga varaha Skanda
vaman kurma MaLsya Caruda and 8rahmanda urana conLaln 18000 23000 9000
16000 14300 18000 11000 24000 81100 10000 17000 14000 18000 and 12200
shlokas respecLlvely
SuL[l Lold Lhe sages LhaL all Lhe upuranas owe Lhelr orlgln Lo Lhe maln uranas whlch are
elghLeen ln number Pe also revealed Lo Lhem LhaL Lhey could be caLegorlzed lnLo Lhree maln
Lypes SaLvlk 8a[as and 1amas SaLvlk uranas conLaln Lhe Lales of Lord vlshnu whlle 8a[as
uranas conLaln Lhe Lales of 8rahma and 1amas uranas conLaln Lhe Lales of Agnl and 8udra
Cne of Lhe chlef characLerlsLlcs of uranas ls LhaL each of Lhem ls dlvlded lnLo flve secLlons
Sarg (uescrlpLlon of how creaLlon began) raLlsarga vansh (uescrlpLlon of promlnenL
dynasLles) ManvanLar and vanshanucharlL (1ales relaLed wlLh Lhe descendanLs of Lhe famous
sages)
8A8PAS 1L81P
Cn belng asked by Lhe sages abouL Lhe promlnenL places of pllgrlmage SuL[l named many holy
places buL accordlng Lo hlm rabhas 1eerLh was Lhe crown of all Lhe places of pllgrlmage and
was lncomparable 8ecounLlng a Lale when arvaLl had once asked Lord Shlva Lhe same quesLlon
SuL[l sald AL LhaL Llme Shlva had Lold arvaLl LhaL rabhas ksheLra was supreme among all Lhe
holy places and capable of llberaLlng a man from all hls slns Pe had also Lold her LhaL due Lo
prevalence of slns ln kallyuga people would noL aLLaln vlrLues desplLe golng on pllgrlmages
Shlva had also Lold her LhaL Lhls was Lhe reason why he had creaLed numerous holy places and
kepL Lhem secreL so Lhe hollness of Lhese places remalned lnLacL l have manlfesLed myself ln Lhe
form of a dlvlne Shlvallnga aL rabhas ksheLra 1he whole unlverse has orlglnaLed from lL and
merges lnLo lL ulLlmaLely aL Lhe Llme of deluge 1he Shlvallnga ls called SomanaLh and very few
people are aware of lLs exlsLence 1hls Shlvallnga conLlnue Lo exlsL slnce lLs manlfesLaLlon ln a
parLlcular kalpa named 8halrav long ago unforLunaLely people of kall yuga under Lhe lnfluence
of all pervadlng lgnorance would fall Lo recognlze Lhe lmporLance of holy places Such people
would Lry Lo demean Lhe value of holy places and make fun of Lhose people who go on
pllgrlmages 8elng bllnded by Lhelr superflclal lnLelllgence Lhey would Lry Lo flnd faulLs wlLh
rlLuals and rellglon Such would be Lhe condlLlon of Lhe morLals ln kall yuga LhaL Lhey would
crlLlclze everyLhlng LhaL ls rellglous and splrlLual ln naLure Pow can one expecL from Lhese
unforLunaLe people of kall yuga Lo undersLand Lhe slgnlflcance of rabhas ksheLra and whlch ls
revered even by me?
arvaLl who had been llsLenlng Lo Lhe Lale wlLh rapL aLLenLlon became even more curlous Lo
know abouL rabhas ksheLra So she requesLed Lord Shlva Lo shed more llghL on Lhe oLher
lmporLanL aspecLs of Lhls sacrosancL place Lord Shlva conLlnulng wlLh hls descrlpLlon of rabhas
ksheLra sald 1hls sacrosancL place has Lemples of Lhree delLles on lLs Lhree sldes 1o lLs easL ls
slLuaLed a grand Lemple of Surya narayan whlle Lhere ls a magnlflcenL Lemple of Madhav Lo lLs
wesL ln Lhe same way Lhere ls a beauLlful Lemple of goddess 8havanl Lo Lhe norLh of rabhas
ksheLra and Lowards lLs souLh lles Lhe ocean 1hls holy place ls spread ln Lhe area of flve yo[ans
and ls dlvlded ln Lhree ma[or areas Maheshwar valshnav and 8rahma 1here are abouL one
crore Lemples relaLed wlLh dlfferenL delLles ln valshnav and 8rahma ksheLras whlle Maheshwar
ksheLra conLalns one and half crore Lemples As Lhe name lmplles each area has been named afLer
one Cod formlng Lhe 1rlnlLy Anybody who has Lhe good forLune of llvlng ln Lhe cenLral parL of rabhas
ksheLra becomes absolved of all hls slns even lf he has commlLLed mosL abhorrenL slns
1he slgnlflcance of Lhls holy place can be undersLood by Lhe facL LhaL a man born Lhere does noL
Lake a second blrLh and aLLalns salvaLlon Cne whom scholars of Lhe vedas call kalagnl 8udra ls
famously known as 8halrav ln rabhas ksheLra
SCMnA1P LlnCA
Lmphaslzlng on Lhe slgnlflcance of Someshwar Llnga and lLs deep assoclaLlon wlLh Lhe vedas
Lord Shlva Lold arvaLl1he dlvlne Someshwar Llnga exlsLs slnce Llme lmmemorlal and wlll
remaln for eLernlLy 1hls revelaLlon descended on me whlle l was engrossed ln a deep sLaLe of
medlLaLlon Someshwar Llnga has deep assoclaLlon wlLh Lhe vedas and lL enhances Lhelr sancLlLy
by esLabllshlng lLself ln each of Lhem aL dlfferenL perlods of Llme durlng Lhe day uurlng mornlng
Llme Someshwar Llnga esLabllshes lLself ln Lhe 8lgveda durlng noon ln Lhe ?a[urveda durlng
afLernoon ln Lhe Samaveda and durlng evenlng Llme lL esLabllshes lLself ln ALharva veda
ulllL8Ln1 nAMLS Cl SCMnA1P
arvaLl curlously asked Lord Shlva abouL Lhe reason why SomnaLh was known by so many
dlfferenL names Lord Shlva sald Slnce Lhe Llme Lhls dlvlne llnga flrsL manlfesLed lLself very few
blessed souls had Lhe knowledge of lLs exlsLence 8rahma has a llfe span of one kalpa aL Lhe end
of whlch even he ceases Lo exlsL glvlng way Lo hls successor a new 8rahma ln Lhe same manner
Lhls dlvlne llnga acqulres a new name aL Lhe end of each kalpa 1he presenL kalpa ls sevenLh ln
order as slx kalpas have already passed 1he name of Lhe presenL 8rahma ls ShaLanand and Lhls
dlvlne llnga ls presenLly famous by Lhe name of SomnaLh Slmllarly lL was famous as MrlLyun[ay
durlng Lhe Llme of 8rahma named vlrlnchl uurlng second kalpa Lhls llnga was famous as
kalagnlrudra and Lhe name of 8rahma was admabhu 1he Lhlrd kalpa had Swayambhu as
8rahma and Lhe llnga was famous as AmrlLesh 1he name of Lhe fourLh 8rahma was armeshLhl
ln fourLh kalpa and Lhe llnga was famous as Annamay ln Lhe same way Lhe names of Lhe flfLh
and slxLh 8rahma were Sura[yeshLha and Pemagarbha respecLlvely and Lhe names of Lhe llnga
durlng Lhelr perlods were krlLlwas and 8halrav naLh respecLlvely
Lord Shlva also revealed Lo arvaLl LhaL Lhe nexL kalpa elghLh ln order would have ChaLurmukh
as 8rahma and Lhe dlvlne llnga would be known as ran naLhCoddess arvaLl Lhen asked Shlva
abouL Lhe exacL locaLlon of Lhe llnga ln rabhas ksheLra Lord Shlva Lold her LhaL Lhe sacrosancL
place of rabhas ksheLra was slLuaLed beLween Lhe plalns of Lwo rlvers va[rlnl and nyankumaLl
Pe also Lold her LhaL Lhe eLernal llnga was noL very far from Lhe sea coasL uwelllng aL lengLh
abouL Lhe good forLunes of Lhose llvlng ln rabhas ksheLra Lord Shlva Lold her Anybody who
does noL abandon Lhls holy place desplLe hls hardshlps and Lroubles ls cerLaln Lo aLLaln Lo my
abode Cne who has Lhe good forLune of dylng aL rabhas ksheLra aLLalns salvaLlon 1here wlll be
prevalence of slns ln kall yuga As a resulL of Lhls people would experlence all sorLs of hurdles
and problems ln Lhelr llves 1o mlnlmlze Lhelr sorrows and Lo lessen Lhelr mlserles l have
personally lnsLrucLed Canesh noL Lo abandon Lhls place even for a momenL Cf all Lhe llngas
presenL on Lhe earLh SomnaLh ls speclally dear Lo me
SluuPLSPWA8 LlnCA Anu SluuPA LlnCAuescrlblng Lhe reason why Lhls sacrosancL place was named
rabhas Lord Shlva Lold arvaLl l
dwell ln Lhe enLlre area sLreLchlng beLween Lhe ocean ln Lhe souLh and rlver kaureshwarl 8elng
slLuaLed aL Lhe wesLern coasL Lhls enLlre area ls radlaLed by Suryas llghL for a relaLlvely longer
perlod of Llme and hence lL has been named rabhas meanlng lusLer 1hls ls Lhe reason why
Lhere ls slLuaLed a grand Lemple of Lord Surya ln rabhas ksheLra noL far from Lhls Surya Lemple
ls slLuaLed a magnlflcenL Lemple of Lord Slddheshwar whlch was famously known as
!alglshavyeshwar ln anclenL Llmes
Lord Shlva Lhen wenL on Lo descrlbe why Slddheshwar was called !alglshavyeshwar durlng
anclenL Llmes 1here llved a sage named !alglshavya ln prevlous kalpa Pe used Lo dally worshlp
a Shlvallnga named Mahoday whlch had manlfesLed on lLs own keeplng ln vlew Shlvas
fondness for ashes he used Lo smear lL on hls body hoplng Lo please hls delLy noL only Lhls he
even slepL on ashes Pe Lhus led an exLremely ausLere llfe AL lasL he was able Lo please Lord
Mahoday by hls devoLlon When Lord Mahoday appeared before hlm and expressed hls
wllllngness Lo fulflll anyLhlng he wlshed buL !alglshavya wanLed noLhlng buL LoLal devoLlon ln hls
delLy (Mahoday) Lord Mahoday blessed hlm wlLh lmmorLallLy and sald 1here would be
nobody as powerful as you ?our feaLs achleved ln splrlLual Lhlngs wlll be unmaLched and you
would become famous as ?ogacharya or Leacher of ?oga Cne who regularly worshlps Lhls
parLlcular llnga whlch you have been worshlpplng wlLh such deep devoLlon Llll now ls cerLaln Lo
geL absolved of all hls slns Pavlng blessed ?alglshavya Lhus Lord Mahoday dlsappeared from
hls slghL AfLer Lhls lncldenL Mahoday Llnga also came Lo be known as ?alglshavyeshwar ln
course of Llme when Lhe kallyuga of LhaL kalpa arrlved some sages named 8alkhllyas had
gone Lo Lhe same place and worshlpped Lord Mahoday Slmllarly many more sages wenL Lhere
and aLLalned slddhl or accompllshmenL 1hls ls how Lhls llnga came Lo be known as
Slddheshwar (Lhe lord of all accompllshmenLs) 1here are many holy places ln Lhe vlclnlLy llke
Slddha Llnga whlch was lnsLalled by lord Surya Anybody who worshlps Lhls llnga on Lhe
ausplclous day of Lrayodashl of Lhe brlghL half of Lhe Plndu monLh ChalLra aLLalns vlrLues slmllar
Lo Lhe accompllshmenL of undareek ?agya
CPAnu8A uLvA LuLCClZLS SPlvA
arvaLl asked Lord Shlva abouL Lhe reason Chandra ueva had Lo lnsLall a Shlvallnga aL rabhas
ksheLra Lord Shlva replled LhaL uaksha had goL marrled LwenLy seven of hls daughLers Lo
Chandra ueva Chandra ueva was very aLLached Lo 8ohlnl who was one of Lhem and neglecLed
oLhers When uaksha came Lo know abouL Lhls he cursed Chandra ueva as Lhe resulL of whlch he
losL hls lusLer and sLarLed wanlng day by day 1he worrled Chandra ueva dld an ausLere penance
for Lhousand of years Lo please Lord Shlva AL lasL Lord Shlva became pleased and appeared
before hlm SubsequenLly Chandra ueva goL a dlvlne Shlvallnga lnsLalled by 8rahma and
worshlpped lL for Lhousand of years Lord Shlva appeared once agaln and expressed hls
wllllngness Lo fulflll any wlsh Chandra ueva expressed Chandra ueva requesLed Lord Shlva Lo
dwell ln Lhe very Shlvallnga he had been worshlpplng Llll Lhen Lord Shlva revealed Lo hlm LhaL
Lhere was no quesLlon of dwelllng ln Lhe Shlvallnga as he had never abandoned lL ln Lhe flrsL
place Chandra ueva had regalned hls lusLer on accounL of hls arduous penance Lord Shlva
blessed hlm and sald Slnce you have regalned your lusLer (rabha) by dlnL of your ausLere
penance Lhls holy place wlll become famous as rabhas ksheLra 1hls llnga would be named
upon you and become famous as SomnaLh LlngaPavlng blessed Chandra ueva Lhus Lord Shlva
dlsappeared LaLer on Chandra ueva lnsLrucLed
vlshwakarma Lo bulld a magnlflcenL Lemple aL Lhe slghL Pe also bullL a clLy nearby so LhaL all Lhe
prlesLs who were supposed Lo supervlse Lhe rlLuals of worshlp could llve Lhere
1PL SlCnlllCAnCL Cl CL11lnC CnLS PLAu
1CnSu8Lu
uwelllng on lengLh abouL Lhe slgnlflcance of geLLlng ones head Lonsured aL holy places Lord
Shlva Lold arvaLl A man should geL hls head Lonsured whenever he geLs an opporLunlLy Lo vlslL
a holy place because halr are belleved Lo conLaln all Lhe slns he has commlLLed 1here ls a holy
place called adma LeerLh noL far from SomnaLh Lemple A devoLee should flrsL geL hls halr
removed aL SomnaLh LeerLh and Lhen lmmerse Lhem aL adma LeerLh 1hls way he becomes
absolved of all hls slns Women should have a symbollcal cuL of Lhelr halr lL ls necessary Lo
perform Lhe rlLuals of Larpan ln Lhe names of ancesLors afLer Lhe head Lonsurlng ceremony
Accordlng Lo Lhe scrlpLures an ocean ls consldered holy and nobody should lLs holy waLer ln an
lmpure sLaLe Whlle baLhlng a devoLee should chanL Lhe followlng manLra
Cm namo vlshnu gupLaya vlshnu rupaya namah
Sannldhye bhava devesh sagare lavanambhasl
1here are abouL flve crore Shlvallngas submerged ln Lhe ocean near SomnaLh 1here are also
oLher holy places slLuaLed nearby llke Agnlkunda adma sarovar eLc
1PL LML8CLnCL Cl SA8ASWA1l ln 8A8PAS
kSPL18A
Cn belng asked by arvaLl abouL Lhe emergence of rlver SaraswaLl aL rabhas ksheLra Lord
Shlva narraLed Lhe followlng Lale Lo her1he holy SarswaLl flowlng ln rabhas ksheLra consLlLuLes
of flve dlfferenL sLreams Parlnl va[rlnl nyanku kaplla and SaraswaLl Lord vlshnu once
lnsLrucLed SaraswaLl Lo carry 8adwanal (Submarlne flre) and dump lL ln Lhe ocean near rabhas
ksheLra AfLer Laklng permlsslon from Lord 8rahma her faLher SaraswaLl flew Lowards her
desLlnaLlon Canga became sad aL her deparLure so she asked her as Lo how could she have a
gllmpse of her now LhaL she was golng Lo such a dlsLanL place SaraswaLl consoled Canga by
saylng LhaL she would be able Lo see her whenever she looked easLwards 1he swlfL currenLs of
SaraswaLl peneLraLed Lhe earLh and reached aLal Loka carrylng 8adwanal along wlLh her She
conLlnued Lo move beneaLh Lhe ground Lowards her desLlnaLlon As she reached rabhas kasheLra
four learned sages who were well versed ln vedas arrlved Lhere and lnvoked SaraswaLl Lo glve
Lhem Lhe prlvllege of separaLe baLh by dlvldlng herself ln four dlfferenL sLreams
1he names of Lhese sages were Plranya va[ra nyanku and kapll Whlle SaraswaLl was abouL Lo
comply wlLh Lhelr requesL suddenly Samudra arrlved Lhere and he Loo expressed Lhe same wlsh
1hus SaraswaLl dlvlded herself lnLo flve dlfferenL sLreams Parlnl va[rlnl nyanku kaplla and
SaraswaLl LvenLually when SaraswaLl reached near Lhe ocean 8adwanal whom she was carrylng was
surprlsed Lo see Lhe hlgh Lldes rlslng ln Lhe ocean Pe LhoughL LhaL Lhe Samudra was
frlghLened of hls fury so he asked SaraswaLl Why ls Lhe ocean scarred of me? SaraswaLl
lnflaLed hls ego by saylng LhaL who would noL be scarred of hlm 8adwanal was pleased and
wanLed Lo granL her a boon SaraswaLl remembered Lord vlshnu who lnsLanLly gave hls dlvlne
appearance ln her hearL She narraLed Lhe whole sLory and soughL hls advlse Lord vlshnu advlsed
her Lo ask 8adwanal Lo make hls appearance small llke Lhe eye of a needle SaraswaLl followlng
Lhe advlse of Lord vlshnu asked 8adwanal Lo become small llke a needle and keep sucklng Lhe
ocean SubsequenLly SaraswaLl summoned Samudra and Lold hlm Lo accepL 8adwanal Lo whlch
he agreed 1hls way Samudra devoured 8adwanal who conLlnues Lo suck Lhe waLer of Lhe ocean
even Loday as per Lhe lnsLrucLlons glven by SaraswaLl lL ls belleved LhaL Lldes are noLhlng buL Lhe
manlfesLaLlon of 8adwanals exhalaLlons 1hls was how SaraswaLl emerged ln rabhas ksheLra
8A8PAS 1PL A8CuL Cl 18lnl1? CCuuLSSLS
Lord Shlva revealed Lo goddesses arvaLl LhaL rabhas ksheLra boasLed of possesslng many more
Shlvallngas aparL from Lhe famous SomnaLh Shlvallnga Pe also gave names of some of Lhe
promlnenL Shlvallngas slLuaLed over Lhere and sald 1o Lhe norLhLasL of SomnaLh Lemple ls
slLuaLed a grand Lemple of Lord Sarveshvar ueva who ls also famously known as Slddheshwar
1he reason behlnd Lhls ls LhaL Shlvallnga over Lhere had been lnsLalled by Lhe slddhas
(accompllshed ones) ln anclenL Llmes eople who are deslrous of acqulrlng slddhls Lhrong Lhls
holy place and engage Lhemselves ln ausLere penance 1o Lhe easL of Slddheshwar Lemple ls
slLuaLed one more Lemple called kaplleshwar lL has been named afLer Sage kapll who had
lnsLalled Lhe Shlvallnga over Lhere A Shlvallnga named Candharveshwar ls also slLuaLed nearby
1hls parLlcular Shlvallnga had been lnsLalled by a gandharva named uhanvahan 1o Lhe easL of
Candharveshwar Lemple ls slLuaLed vlmaleshwar Lemple lL ls belleved LhaL anybody sufferlng
from Luberculosls geLs cured afLer he worshlps ln LhaL Lemple uhandeshwar Llnga was lnsLalled
by kuber who was besLowed wlLh Lhe lordshlp of wealLh on accounL of hls ausLere penance
Lord Shlva Lold arvaLl LhaL Lhere were also Lemples of Lhree goddesses ln rabhas ksheLra aparL
from Shlva Lemples 1hese Lhree goddesses were Mangla vlshalakshl and ChaLwar represenLlng
Lhe Lhree Lypes of powerwlll power power of acLlon and power of knowledge Lord Shlva sald
1he pllgrlmage Lo rabhas ksheLra ls belleved Lo be lncompleLe unLll and unless Lhese Lhree
goddesses have been worshlpped Coddess Mangla represenLs Lhe power of Lord 8rahma
(8rahma shakLl) whlle goddess vlshalakshl LhaL of Lord vlshnu Coddess ChaLwar represenLs my
power Coddess Mangla holds Lhe prlvllege of geLLlng worshlpped flrsL uurlng anclenL Llmes
Chandrama dld an ausLere penance for Lhousand of years and all Lhe delLles lncludlng Lord
8rahma had gone Lhere Lo wlLness hls amazlng feaL AL LhaL Llme goddess Mangla had blessed
Lhem and Lhls was how she goL her name
Lord Shlva Lhen wenL on Lo descrlbe how goddess vlshalakshl goL her name A flerce baLLle had
Laken place beLween Lhe delLles and demons durlng Chakshus manvanLar Lord vlshnu foughL
along wlLh Lhe delLles and helped Lhem ln defeaLlng Lhe demons uemons fled Lowards Lhe souLh
buL were chased by Lhe delLles 8eallzlng LhaL lL was noL easy Lo annlhllaLe Lhe demons Lord
vlshnu remembered goddess Mahamaya and soughL her help Mahamaya appeared lnsLanLly and
looked aL Lord vlshnu wlLh her large eyes 1hls ls how she goL her name ln Lhe presenL kalpa
she ls also known as LallLoma 1o Lhe souLh of vlshalakshl Lemple ls slLuaLed Lhe Lemple of goddess
ChaLwarprlya Coddess ChaLwarprlya ls Lhe savlour of people llvlng ln LhaL area
Anybody who worshlps her on Lhe ausplclous day of Mahanavaml wlLh approprlaLe rlLuals ls
blessed
uWA8kA MAPA1M?A SACLS CuL8lLS 1C
8APLAu
Cnce few sages asked SuL[l abouL Lhe means by whlch Lord vlshnu could be reallzed ln kall
yuga Lhe era domlnaLed by sln and decaylng moral values
SuL[l sLarLed by descrlblng how Lord vlshnu on seelng Lhe prevalence of sln ln uwapar yuga had
Lo Lake lncarnaLlon as krlshna Lo llberaLe Lhe world from Lhe slnners Pe also descrlbed ln deLall
all Lhe lncldenLs culmlnaLlng lnLo Lhe kllllngs of many cruel demons kallya serpenL Chanur
Shlshupal and ogress llke uLna Pe gave ln depLh descrlpLlon of Lhe evenLs leadlng Lo Lhe war of
MahabharaLa and how Lhe lnflghLlng among Lhe mlghLy ?adavas led Lo Lhelr desLrucLlon Pe Lold
Lhem how a fowler mlsLook krlshnas feeL Lo be a deer and kllled hlm
SuL[l also Lold Lhe assembled sages how Lhe magnlflcenL clLy of uwarka had been submerged ln
Lhe ocean ulLlmaLely Pe revealed Lo Lhem LhaL Lhe passlng away of krlshna marked Lhe advenL of
kall yuga and Lhe slLuaLlon became even worse Cn flndlng how dlfflculL lL was Lo reallze lord
vlshnu ln Lhe kall yuga Lhe era domlnaLed by sln some promlnenL sages declded Lo seek Lord
8rahmas help ln Lhls regard AfLer reachlng 8rahma loka Lhey euloglzed 8rahma and recelved
hls blesslngs Lord 8rahma Lold Lhem Lo go Lo aLal loka and meeL rahlad Lhe supreme devoLee
of Lord vlshnu who accordlng Lo Lord 8rahma was ln a beLLer poslLlon Lo help Lhem
All Lhe sages wenL Lo aLal loka as per Lhe lnsLrucLlons glven by Lord 8rahma 1here Lhey noL
only found rahlad buL also Lhe mosL charlLable klng8all AfLer Lhe pleasanLrles were exchanged
Lhey came Lo Lhe real lssue and sald We are very much dlsLressed by Lhe prevalllng slLuaLlon
where lL appears LhaL Lhe evll forces have overshadowed Lhe vlrLuous ones 1he ways shown by
Lhe vedas are no longer ln pracLlce and Lhe 8rahmlns are belng LormenLed by Lhe Shudras who
have become Lhe rulers We have come wlLh a requesL and a deslre Lo know wheLher Lhere was
any posslblllLy of reallzlng Lord vlshnu ln Lhls dark era of kall lf yes Lhen where can we flnd
Lord vlshnu?
1PL SAnC1l1? Cl uWA8kAu8l
rahlad belng an ardenL devoLee of vlshnu hlmself undersLood qulLe well Lhe desperaLlon wlLh
whlch a devoLee seeks hls Lord So he Lold Lhem 8y Lhe grace of AlmlghLy vlshnu l am
reveallng Lo you Lhe name of LhaL sacred place whlch has remalned a secreL Llll now kushasLhal
url ls a dlvlne clLy slLuaLed on Lhe wesLern coasL nearby ls Lhe place where rlver ComLl meeLs
Lhe ocean and aL Lhls convergenL polnL ls slLuaLed Lhe sacrosancL clLy called uwarawaLl url
where you can flnd Lord vlshnu ln all hls glory of slxLeen kalas 8lessed be Lhe uwarka url
whlch 1he almlghLy vlshnu has chosen as hls abode and where he dwells ln hls glorlous
ChaLurbhu[ form 1hls ls Lhe very place whlch even llberaLes Lhe mosL fallen slnner from all hls
slns 1here ls a famous Lemple of Lord 1rlvlkram aL Lhe bank of rlver ComLl and noL far from Lhls Lemple
ls a dlvlne pond Anybody deslrous of salvaLlon musL baLhe ln Lhls pond for Lhe
fulflllmenL of hls wlsh lL ls belleved LhaL before leavlng for heaven Lord krlshna had Lransferred
all hls dlvlne powers lnLo Lhe 1rlvlkram ldol So Lhere ls no place as holy as uwarka and lf you
are deslrous of havlng a dlvlne gllmpse of Lord krlshna Lhen you musL vlslL uwarka
All Lhe sages Lhanked rahlad for sharlng hls secreLs wlLh Lhem because nobody else excepL
rahlad was aware of Lhe facL LhaL Lord vlshnu had glven uwarka Lhe prlvllege of belng hls
abode 1hese revelaLlons made Lhem more curlous abouL uwarka so Lhey requesLed rahlad Lo
dlsclose how Lhe holy ComLl descended down Lo uwarka
rahlad began by descrlblng Lhe vlrLues of golng on a pllgrlmage Lo uwarka 1he mere
resoluLlon of golng on a pllgrlmage Lo uwarka ls enough Lo llberaLe ones ancesLors from Lhe
LorLures of Lhe hells Lach sLep LhaL a devoLee Lakes Lowards uwarka glves vlrLues slmllar Lo whaL
ls aLLalned by performlng Ashwamedh ?agya Cne who encourages oLhers Lo go on a pllgrlmage
Lo uwarka cerLalnly goes Lo vlshnu uham
rahlad Lhen swlLched over Lo Lhe second parL of Lhe sages quesLlon and sald 1here ls an
lnLeresLlng Lale descrlblng how Sage vashlshLha had broughL down ComLl from Lhe heaven Lo
earLh AL Lhe Llme of deluge when Lhe whole world had submerged ln waLer a loLus flower
manlfesLed from Lord vlshnus navel on whlch was seaLed 8rahma Lord vlshnu lnsLrucLed hlm
Lo perform hls duLy as a creaLor Lo whlch 8rahma agreed llrsL of all 8rahma creaLed hls Len
manaspuLras (Sanak SanandaneLc) and soughL Lhelr help ln lncreaslng Lhe populaLlon of Lhe
world by becomlng householders 8uL all of Lhem were exLremely vlrLuous and dld noL show any
lncllnaLlon Lowards geLLlng marrled ulLlmaLely all of Lhem wenL Lo Lhe wesLern coasL and
engaged Lhemselves ln ausLere penance 1helr penance conLlnued for a number of years afLer
whlch Sudarshan chakra appeared before Lhem As all of Lhem looked up ln bewlldermenL Lhey
heard a heavenly volce C sons of 8rahma! very soon Lhe almlghLy vlshnu ls golng Lo
manlfesL hlmself 1he Chakra you are seelng ls hls ?ou all musL perform Lhe rlLuals of ardhya
ln Lhe name of Lord vlshnu Lo show your reverence Lowards hlm All Lhe ManaspuLras euloglzed
SudarshanChakra wlLh deep devoLlon All of Lhem wlshed LhaL Lhere were a holy rlver wlLh
whose waLer Lhey could perform Lhe rlLuals of ardhya 8uL Lo Lhelr uLLer dlsmay Lhere was no such
holy rlver nearby 1hey Lhen remembered Lord 8rahma who lmmedlaLely undersLood whaL Lhey
deslred Lord 8rahma lnsLrucLed Canga by saylng Canga! Co Lo Lhe earLh where you would be
known as ComLl Sage vashlshLha wlll lead you Lo your desLlnaLlon !usL follow hlm llke a
daughLer follows her faLher
llnally when sage vashlshLha followed by ComLl reached Lhelr desLlnaLlon all Lhe ManaspuLras
were dellghLed 1hey euloglzed Canga and expressed Lhelr graLlLude Lo vashlshLha for brlnglng
Canga on earLh All of Lhem Lhanked vashlshLha by saylng Slnce you have broughL ComLl on
earLh you would be consldered as her faLher 1hey offered ardhya Lo ComLl and subsequenLly
euloglzed Lord vlshnu Lord vlshnu appeared afLer belng pleased and blessed Lhem ?our
unfllnchlng devoLlon ln me has pleased me no bound Slnce you dld Lhls penance wlLh Lhe
ob[ecLlve of Moksha (salvaLlon) Lhls place would become famous as Moksha uayak (glver of
salvaLlon) 1hls sacrosancL place would also be called Chakra LeerLh because of Sudarshan
Chakra who lnformed you all of my manlfesLaLlon aL uwarka url l assure you LhaL l wonL
abandon Lhls sacrosancL place even for a momenL1hls way all Lhe ManaspuLras were flnally successful
ln Lhelr ob[ecLlve of offerlng ardhya Lo
Lord vlshnu wlLh Lhe holy waLer of ComLl AL lasL ComLl havlng fulfllled her mlsslon for whlch
she had descended down Lo LarLh merged wlLh Lhe ocean Lord vlshnu dlsappeared from Lhere
and ManaspuLras conLlnued Lo llve Lhere
Pome
14 CA8uuA u8AnA
l ln18CuuC1lCn
LC8u vlSPnuS lnCA8nA1lCnS
SuL[l once reached nalmlsharanya ln course of hls pllgrlmage 1here he found numerous sages
engaged ln ausLerlLles and penance All of Lhem were dellghLed Lo flnd SuL[l ln Lhelr mldsL and
consldered lL as a Cod senL opporLunlLy Lo geL Lhelr doubLs relaLed wlLh rellglous Loplcs cleared
Sage Shaunak was also presenL Lhere and he asked SuL[l C revered sage! Who ls Lhe creaLor of
Lhls world? Who nurLures lL and who annlhllaLes lL ln Lhe end? Pow can one reallze Lhe supreme
AlmlghLy? Pow many lncarnaLlons Lhe AlmlghLy has Laken Llll now? lease enllghLen us on all
Lhese Lhlngs whlch are shrouded ln mysLery
SuL[l replled l am golng Lo reveal Lo you Lhe conLenLs of Caruda urana whlch conLalns Lhe
dlvlne Lales of Lord vlshnu 1hls parLlcular urana ls named afLer Caruda because he was Lhe
one who flrsL narraLed Lhese Lales Lo sage kashyap kashyap subsequenLly narraLed Lhem Lo Sage
vyasa l came Lo know abouL Lhese dlvlne Lales from Sage vyasa Lord vlshnu ls Lhe supreme
almlghLy and Lhe source of all creaLlons Pe ls Lhe nurLurer of Lhls world and Lhe annlhllaLor as
well 1hough he ls beyond Lhe bondage of blrLh and deaLh yeL he Lakes lncarnaLlons Lo proLecL Lhe
world from Lhe Lyranny of slnners Pls flrsL lncarnaLlon was ln Lhe form of Lhe eLernal adolescenL
SanaLkumar and oLhers who were all cellbaLes and exLremely vlrLuous
Lord vlshnu Look hls second lncarnaLlon ln Lhe form of a boar (varaha) Lo proLecL Lhe LarLh from
Lhe mlghLy demon named Plranyaksha who had abducLed her Lo aLal loka (neLher world) ln
hls Lhlrd lncarnaLlon as narada he propagaLed Lhe vlrLues of nlshkam karma (performlng ones
duLles wlLhouL boLherlng abouL Lhe resulLs) ln hls fourLh lncarnaLlon as narnarayan he
performed arduous ausLerlLles for Lhe proLecLlon and propagaLlon of uharma or rellglousness
Lord vlshnus flfLh lncarnaLlon was as kapll whlch he Look Lo proLecL Lhe Sankhya shashLra
whlch was on Lhe verge of becomlng exLlncL Pe Look hls slxLh lncarnaLlon ln Lhe house of ALrl
and Anusuya as uaLLaLreya wlLh Lhe speclflc ob[ecLlve of propagaLlng Lhe mosL secreL 8rahma
vldya Lo worLhy people Pls dlsclples lncluded vlrLuous souls llke rahalad and oLhers Lord
vlshnu Look hls sevenLh lncarnaLlon as Lhe son of 8uchl ra[apaLl and AkuLl and was known as
?agya deva Pls elghLh lncarnaLlon was as 8lshabh deva Lhe son of Sage nabhl and Merudevl
ln Lhls lncarnaLlon he esLabllshed Lhe norms for CrlhashLha ashram whlch laLer on became Lhe
guldellnes for every householders Lord vlshnu Look hls nlnLh lncarnaLlon as rlLhu and mllked
(exLracLed) varlous nuLrlenLs (cereals pulses eLc) from Lhe LarLh who had dlsgulsed herself as a
cow and Lhus proLecLed Lhe populace from geLLlng sLarved Lo deaLh
ln hls LenLh lncarnaLlon as MaLsya (flsh) he proLecLed Lhe llfe of valvaswaL Manu who would
noL have survlved oLherwlse Lord vlshnu Look hls elevenLh lncarnaLlon ln Lhe form of a LorLolse
(kurma) and held Lhe Mandarachal mounLaln on hls back aL Lhe Llme when Lhe ocean was belng
churned Pls LwelfLh lncarnaLlon was as uhanvanLarl and LhlrLeenLh as Lhe mosL enchanLlng
beauLy Mohlnl Lo reLrleve Lhe ambrosla poL from Lhe possesslon of Lhe demons Pe subsequenLly
dlsLrlbuLed lL among Lhe delLles as Lhe resulL of whlch Lhey became lmmorLal
ln hls fourLeenLh lncarnaLlon Lord vlshnu manlfesLed hlmself as nrlslmha (parLly human and
parLly llon) and Lo proLecL hls devoLee rahlad kllled Lhe wlcked demon Plranyakashlpu by
Learlng aparL hls abdomen wlLh hls sharp claws Pls flfLeenLh lncarnaLlon was as vaman (dwarf)
ln whlch he demanded all Lhe Lhree worlds from 8allLhe mosL benevolenL demon klng and Lhen
senL hlm Lo aLal loka ln hls slxLeenLh lncarnaLlon as arshuram he wlped ouL Lhe whole casLe of
kshaLrlyas from Lhe face of Lhe earLh for LwenLyone Llmes as Lhey had all become lmmoral
ln hls sevenLeenLh lncarnaLlon he was born as vyasa Lo arashar and SaLyavaLl and accompllshed
hls mlsslon of propagaLlng Lhe knowledge of vedas by caLegorlzlng Lhem lnLo four parLs ln hls
elghLeenLh lncarnaLlon he manlfesLed hlmself as Srl 8am Pls nlneLeenLh lncarnaLlon was as
krlshna and hls LwenLleLh lncarnaLlon as 8alram Pe wlll Lake hls LwenLyflrsL lncarnaLlon as
8uddha Lo brlng Lhe manklnd back Lo vlrLuous paLh by preachlng agalnsL Lhe rlLuals and provlng
LhaL lL ls noL proper for a seeker Lo geL bound by Lhem Lord vlshnu would Lake lncarnaLlon as
kalkl and wlll be born Lo a 8rahmln named vlshnuyasha Lo llberaLe Lhe earLh from Lhe slnners
PCW CA8uuA u8AnA WAS 8CACA1Lu
Cn belng asked by Lhe sages as Lo how dld he come Lo know abouL Lhe conLenLs of Caruda
urana SuL[l Lold LhemCnce l had gone Lo 8adrlkashram where l meL Sage vyasa l requesLed
hlm Lo enllghLen me on varlous splrlLual maLLers Lo whlch he agreed saylng LhaL he was golng Lo
narraLe Lhe Lales of Caruda urana whlch was flrsL Lold by Lord 8rahma Lo narada uaksha
ra[apaLl and myself Sage vyasa Lhen Lold SuL[l how once he along wlLh narada uaksha and
8hrlgu had gone Lo 8rahma loka Lo see Lord 8rahma AfLer reachlng Lhere all Lhree of Lhem
requesLed Lord 8rahma Lo shed llghL on Lhe essence of Lhe real knowledge
Lord 8rahma revealed Lo Lhem LhaL Caruda urana conLalned Lhe essence of all Lhe scrlpLures and
Lord vlshnu hlmself had narraLed lLs dlvlne Lales Lo hlm (8rahma) uescrlblng Lhe lncldenL when
Lord vlshnu had Lold Lhe dlvlne Lales of Caruda urana Lo hlm as well as Shlva Lord 8rahma
sald l once wenL Lo kallash mounLaln accompanled by lndra and oLher delLles We found Shlva
engrossed ln hls medlLaLlon We were amazed and asked hlm as Lo who was he medlLaLlng upon
Lord Shlva Lold us LhaL he was medlLaLlng upon Lhe omnlpresenL omnlsclenL and Lhe omnlpoLenL
vlshnu ln whom Lhe enLlre unlverse exlsLs Lord Shlva also revealed Lo us LhaL Lhls was all he
knew of vlshnus power and also LhaL lf we wanLed Lo know more abouL hlm Lhen we wlll have Lo
ask Lord vlshnu hlmself So all of us lncludlng Shlva wenL Lo vlshnu loka and requesLed Lord vlshnu Lo
clear our doubLs on varlous Loplcs whlch confused us Lord vlshnu gave a long
dlscourse coverlng all Lhe ma[or rellglous Loplcs
LC8u vlSPnu 8LvLALS PlS CMnlC1Ln1 nA1u8L
uwelllng on lengLh abouL hls power Lord vlshnu Lold Shlva C 8udra! l am Lhe lord of all Lhe
delLles l am Lhe one who conLrols each and every evenL LhaL occurs ln Lhe unlverse l am Lhe one
whom morLals worshlp wlLh Lhe deslre of aLLalnlng salvaLlon 1he unlverse would have ceased Lo
exlsL buL for me l am Lhe creaLor Lhe nurLurer as well as Lhe supreme annlhllaLor l manlfesL
myself ln Lhe sacred manLras as well as Lhelr meanlngs eople medlLaLe on me MaLLer ls noLhlng
buL a medlum Lhrough whlch l manlfesL myself
LC8u vlSPnu 8LLSSLS CA8uuA
uescrlblng how Caruda pleased hlm wlLh hls deep devoLlon Lord vlshnu sald uurlng anclenL
Llmes Caruda once dld an ausLere penance Lo please me l appeared before hlm and expressed my
wllllngness Lo fulfll anyLhlng LhaL he wlshed for Caruda wanLed Lo llberaLe hls moLher vlnLa
from Lhe slavery of kadruLhe moLher of serpenLs Pe also wanLed Lo avenge hls moLhers
humlllaLlon aL Lhelr hands Pe also expressed hls deslre of becomlng lmmorLal by havlng a
urana credlLed Lo hls name and flnally he requesLed me Lo glve hlm Lhe prlvllege of becomlng
my mounL l blessed Caruda as Lhe resulL of whlch all hls wlshes were fulfllled Cnce on belng
requesLed by sage kashyap Caruda narraLed Lhe dlvlne Lales of Caruda urana Lo hlm Sage
kashyap had once broughL back a dead Lree back Lo llfe wlLh Lhe help of Carudl vldya a sacred
manLra found ln Caruda urana Slmllarly Caruda Loo had broughL numerous dead creaLures
back Lo llfe wlLh Lhe help of same manLra
1PL 8LClnnlnC Cl C8LA1lCn
Lord Shlva requesLed vlshnu Lo shed llghL on dlfferenL Loplcs llke Sarga (world) raLlsarga
vansh (dynasLles) ManvanLar (fourLeenLh parL of 8rahmas day) and vanshanucharlL
(genealogy) Lord vlshnu replledC 8udra! Lord vasudeva ln hls lncarnaLlon of naranarayan
performs hls responslblllLles of Lhe creaLor proLecLor as well as Lhe annlhllaLor Lach parLlcle LhaL
ls found ln Lhls unlverse wheLher percepLlble or lmpercepLlble ls noLhlng buL Lhe medlum Lhrough
whlch Lhe AlmlghLy makes hls presence felL ln Lhe beglnnlng of Lhe creaLlon on accounL of Pls
wlll subLle maLLer of naLure (lmpercepLlble) came lnLo belng Pe ls Lhe one Lo whom ALma or
urusha owe lLs exlsLence SubsequenLly lnLelllgence or 8uddhl manlfesLed lLself from Lhe
subLle maLLer of naLure mlnd or Mun from lnLelllgence space or Akash from mlnd alr or
vayu from Space llre or 1e[a from alr waLer from 1e[a and flnally Lhe earLh manlfesLed lLself
from waLer
C 8udra! 1hen came lnLo exlsLence an enormous slzed egg l dwell wlLhln LhaL egg and so do all
Lhe oLher delLles ln facL Lhe whole unlverse ls slLuaLed wlLhln LhaL egg 1he almlghLy vlshnu
creaLes ln Lhe form of 8rahma nurLures ln Lhe form of vlshnu and annlhllaLes ln Lhe form of
Shlva aL Lhe end of each kalpa 1he creaLlons of Lhe almlghLy are known as Sargas llrsL of all
Lhe almlghLy creaLes Lhe MahaL LaLva whlch symbollzes hls gross quallLySlnce lL was hls flrsL creaLlon
Lherefore lL was called Lhe flrsL Sarga 1he second Sarga conslsLed
of Lhe creaLlon of Lhe anch1anmaLras or Lhe flve baslc elemenLs LarLh (rlLhvl) WaLer (!ala)
llre (1e[a) Alr (vayu) and Sound (Shabda) 1hese flve baslc elemenLs are Lhe sLuffs from whlch
maLLer ls made 1he Lhlrd Sarga namely valkarlk sarga comprlslng Lhe creaLlon of all Lhe sense
organs and Lhe organs of Lhe acLlons ls baslcally lnLelllgence orlenLed because Lhe sense organs
can noL funcLlon wlLhouL lnLelllgence All Lhese above menLloned Lhree sargas come under Lhe
caLegory of rakrlL sarga or naLural creaLlon 1he fourLh sarga ls known as Mukhya sarga or Lhe
maln creaLlon and conslsLed of lmmovable Lhlngs llke mounLalns Lrees eLc 1he flfLh Sarga ls
known as 1lryak sarga and conslsLed of anlmals and blrds 1he slxLh sarga comprlsed Lhe
creaLlon of Lhe delLles and oLher celesLlal belngs and hence lL ls also known as ueva sarga 1he
sevenLh sarga comprlsed Lhe creaLlon of human belngs and hence lL was called Manush sarga
1he elghLh sarga whlch ls also called Anugrah sarga conslsLed of creaLlons LhaL are boLh saLvlk
(pure) and Lamaslk (dark) ln naLure 1he nlnLh sarga ls called kaumar sarga
Lord 8rahma commenced hls creaLlon of supreme enLlLles by expresslng hls wlll resulLlng lnLo
Lhe manlfesLaLlon of all Lhe Len ManaspuLras SubsequenLly Lord 8rahma creaLed dlfferenL oLher
enLlLles llke delLles (deva) demons (danav) ancesLors (plLra) and humanbelngs (manushya) Pe
Lhen creaLed Lhe Ashuras from hls Lhlghs and subsequenLly abandoned hls body 1he dark
quallLles emanaLlng from Lhe body resulLed lnLo Lhe creaLlon of nlghL a creaLlon LhaL lmmensely
pleased Lhe demons
Lord 8rahma Lhen aLLalned a new physlcal form whlch was pure (saLvlk) ln naLure Pe creaLed
Lhe delLles from hls mouLh and once agaln abandoned hls body resulLlng lnLo Lhe creaLlon of day
Lhls Llme All Lhe delLles became exLremely pleased by Lhls parLlcular creaLlon of 8rahma Cnce
agaln Lord 8rahma aLLalned anoLher form and creaLed Lhe plLras and when he abandoned LhaL
body sandhya (evenlng) manlfesLed from lL
Lord 8rahma Lhen aLLalned a form LhaL was 8a[omaya ln naLure and creaLed human belngs Pls
abandonlng LhaL parLlcular form resulLed lnLo Lhe creaLlon of raLahkal (dawn) SubsequenLly
Lord 8rahma creaLed Lhe dlfferenL specles llke yaksha sarpa Candharva and Apsaras and
many more creaLures from Lhe dlfferenL parLs of hls body All Lhe four vedas namely 8lgveda
?a[urveda Samveda and ALharvaveda manlfesLed Lhemselves from each of 8rahmas four
mouLhs Slmllarly all Lhe four casLes such as 8rahmln kshaLrlya valshya and Shudra
manlfesLed from 8rahmas mouLh arms Lhlghs and feeL respecLlvely
1PL 8LClnnlnC Cl CCuLA1lvL C8LA1lCn
Pavlng creaLed uaksha ra[apaLl and hls wlfe rasuLl from hls rlghL and lefL Lhumb respecLlvely
Lord 8rahma lnsLrucLed boLh of Lhem Lo make Lhelr conLrlbuLlon ln lncreaslng Lhe populaLlon wlLh
Lhe help of copulaLlve creaLlon ln course of Llme uaksha ra[apaLl begoL numerous daughLers all
of whom were glven ln marrlage Lo Len ManaspuLras
Cnce uaksha ra[apaLl had organlzed a grand Ashwamedha ?agya Lo whlch he had lnvlLed all
hls daughLers and sonlnlaws excepL SaLl and 8udra SaLl evenLually reached her faLhers place
much agalnsL Lhe advlse of Shlva who was sLrlcLly agalnsL golng Lo a place unlnvlLed Shlvas
apprehenslons were noL unfounded supposlLlon as SaLl was lndeed humlllaLed by uaksha ln fronL of all
Lhe esLeemed guesLs SaLl was so deeply hurL by her faLhers rude behavlour and Lhe manner
ln whlch he made fun of her husband LhaL she gave up her llfe by [umplng lnLo Lhe sacrlflclal flre
When 8udra learnL abouL SaLls deaLh he cursed uaksha by saylng LhaL he would loose hls dlvlne
sLaLus and would be born as a human belng ln Lhe llneage of uhruva ln her nexL blrLh SaLl was
born as Lhe daughLer of Plmalaya and Malnak She was once agaln successful ln geLLlng Shlva as
her husband by vlrLue of her deep devoLlon Lowards Shlva
1PL uP8uvA u?nAS1?
Lord vlshnu conLlnulng wlLh Lhe Lales of Caruda urana Lold ShlvauLLanpad had Lwo wlvesSuruchl and
SunlLl lrom hls former wlfe he begoL a son named uLLam whlle SunlLl gave blrLh Lo
uhruva who became lmmorLal because of hls unfllnchlng devoLlon ln me uhruva had a mlghLy
son named ShllshLa rachlnvarhl was ShllshLas son and uhruvas grandson lew oLher
promlnenL personallLles comlng from Lhe llneage of uhruva were udardhl ulvan[aya 8lpu
Chakshush 8uru Anga ven eLc ven was an aLhelsL and was evenLually kllled by sages for hls
lmmoral deeds Slnce ven had no progeny hls deaLh puL a quesLlon mark on hls successor Sages
Lrled Lo solve Lhls problem by churnlng hls Lhlghs whlch resulLed lnLo Lhe emergence of nlshad
8uL nlshad wenL Lo vlndhyachal Lo do penance Seelng Lhelr whole efforL go ln valn all Lhe
sages once agaln churned vens hands 1hls Llme Lord vlshnu hlmself lncarnaLed as rlLhu
rlLhu was an exLremely klnd hearLed klng and cared for hls sub[ecLs Cnce when hls klngdom
was experlenclng an acuLe famlne he successfully exLracLed Lhe essenLlal nuLrlenLs from Lhe earLh
and Lhus saved hls sub[ecLs from sLarvaLlon rlLhu had Len sons promlnenL among whom were
AnLardhan Pavlrdhan rachlnvarhl and racheLas ln course of Llme racheLas marrled
Marlsha
!usL accordlng Lo Lhe curse of Shlva uaksha ra[apaLl was reborn ln Lhe clan of uhruva Pls
faLhers name was racheLas and hls moLher was Marlsha ln Lhe beglnnlng uaksha ra[apaLl
Lrled Lo do creaLlon by merely expresslng hls wlll buL hls efforLs wenL fuLlle because of Shlvas
curse So he had no opLlon buL Lo Lake Lhe help of copulaLlve creaLlon and Lo meeL hls ob[ecLlve
he marrled Aslknl Lhe daughLer of vlran
ln course of Llme he became Lhe faLher of one Lhousand sons all of whom perlshed whlle on Lhelr
lmposslble mlsslon of flndlng ouL Lhe clrcumference of Lhe earLh AcLually sage narada had
lnclLed all of Lhem Lo underLake Lhls lmposslble mlsslon uaksha Lhough angry dld noL loose hearL
and ln course of Llme he once agaln faLhered one Lhousand sons Cnce agaln narada was
successful ln convlnclng Lhem Lo emulaLe Lhe deeds of Lhelr elder broLhers All of Lhem seL ouL on
an lmposslble mlsslon never Lo reLurn now uakshas anger crossed all llmlLs and he cursed
narada by saylng LhaL he would Lake blrLh as a human for lnclLlng hls sons Lo deaLh 1hls ls Lhe
reason why narada was born as kashyaps son
ln Lhe years Lo follow uaksha ra[apaLl begoL slxLy beauLlful daughLers from Aslknl among
whom he gave away Lwo daughLers ln marrlage Lo sage Anglra Lwo Lo sage krlshashva Len Lo
uharma fourLeen Lo sage kashyap and LwenLyelghL daughLers Lo Chandrama 1he names of
krlshashvas wlves were Supragya and !aya whlle uharmas wlves were ArundhaLl vasu ?aml
Lamba 8hanumaLl MaruLvaLl Sankalpa MuhurLa Sadhya and vlshva 1he names of kashyaps wlves
were AdlLl ulLl uanu kala Anayu Slnhlka Munl kadru Sadhya lra krodha vlnLa
Surabhl and khaga
uharmas wlves vlshva and Sadhya gave blrLh Lo Lhe vlshvedevas and Sadhyaganas respecLlvely
Slmllarly MaruLvaLl gave blrLh Lo MaruLvans and vasu Lo vasuganas uharmas wlfe named
8hanu gave blrLh Lo Lwelve 8hanus whlle MuhurLa gave blrLh Lo MuhurLaganas Lamba gave
blrLh Lo Chosh whlle ?aml gave blrLh Lo nagvlLhl Sankalpa gave blrLh Lo Sankalpa
kashyaps wlfe AdlLl gave blrLh Lo Lwelve AdlLyas whlle ulLl gave blrLh Lo Lwo sons (demons)
Plranyakashlpu and Plranyaksha ulLl also had a daughLer named Slnhlka who was marrled Lo
vlprachlLl Plranyakashlpu had four sons Anuhlad Plad rahlad and Sanhlad Ayushman
Shlbl and 8ashkal were Lhe sons of Sanhlad rahlad had a mlghLy son named vlrochan who
hlmself had a son named 8all 8all had one hundred sons ln all and 8an was Lhe eldesL among
Lhem Plranyaksha had slx sons all of whom were very brave and vallanL 1helr names were
uLkur Shakunl 8huLsanLapan Mahanam Mahabahu and kalnam
uanu had numerous sons who were all very braveuwlmurdha Shankar Ayomukh
Shankushlra kapll Shambar Lkachakra Mahabahu 1arak Mahabal Swarbhanu vrlshaparva
uloma Mahasur and Lhe mlghLlesL among LhemvlprachlLl uloma and kalka boLh daughLers
of valshwanar were marrled Lo sage kashyap kashyap had slxLy Lhousand sons (demons) from
boLh of Lhem uemons such as nlghaL kavach came from Lhe llneage of rahlad 1amra had slx
daughLers and Lhelr names were Shukl Shyenl Masl Sugrlvl Shuchl and Crldhlka Shukl gave
blrLh Lo numerous specles of blrds llke Shuka (arroL) uluka (owls) and kak(crows) Slmllarly
Shyenl gave blrLh Lo Shyen (hawks) and Crldhlka Lo Crldh (vulLures) Shuchl was Lhe moLher of
aquaLlc blrds whlle Sugrlvl gave blrLh Lo varlous anlmals llke horses camels donkeys eLc Arun
and Caruda were born Lo vlnLa whlle Sursa and kadru gave blrLh Lo serpenLs krodha gave blrLh
Lo powerful lshachas Surabhl Lo cows and buffaloes Lra Lo varlous vegeLaLlon llke creepers
and grass khaga Lo ?akshas and 8akshas Munl Lo Apsaras and ArlshLa gave blrLh Lo
Candharvas ulLl gave blrLh Lo fourLynlne MaruLganas all of whom are ln facL Lhe lncarnaLlons
of Lord vlshnu
ll CWL8luL MAn18AS
nAvC8AP MAn18A
uescrlblng Lhe slgnlflcance of worshlpplng navgraha (nlne planeLs) Lord vlshnu Lold 8udra
Cne who worshlps Lhe navgraha wlLh approprlaLe rlLuals aLLalns all Lhe four purusharLh
(ob[ecLlves of mans llfe) dharma (rellglon) arLha (money) kama (sex) and moksha (salvaLlon)
Pe Lhen wenL on Lo glve varlous manLras relaLed wlLh Lhe navgrahas whlch a devoLee should
chanL whlle worshlpplng Lhem
Surya (Sun) Cm Surya MurLaye namah
Cm Pram Prlm Sah Suryay namah
Chandrama (Moon) Cm Somay namah8haum (Mars) Cm 8haumay namah
8uddh (Mercury) Cm 8uddhay namah
8rlhaspaLl (!uplLer) Cm vrlhaspaLaye namah
Shukra (venus) Cm Shukray namah
Shanl (SaLurn) Cm Shanalshcharay namah
8ahu (uragons Pead) Cm 8ahave namah
keLu (uragons 1all) Cm keLave namah
SPlvA MAn18A
1here are varlous manLras used ln Lhe rlLuals of Shlva worshlp A devoLee should begln by
worshlpplng Lhe Asan (Lhe pedesLal) on whlch Lhe delLy ls seaLed 1here ls a speclflc manLra for
Lhls parLlcular rlLual Cm Pram Shlvay namah SubsequenLly a saluLaLlon Lo lord Shlva ls made
by chanLlng Cm Shlva MurLaye namah A speclal rlLual named Shadanganyas ls Lhen
performed by chanLlng dlfferenL manLras assoclaLed wlLh Lhe speclflc parLs of Lhe delLles body
such as
Cm Pram Prldayay namah
Cm Prlm Shlrse Swaha
Cm Poom Shlkhayal vashaL
Cm Pralm kavachay Poom
Cm Praum neLra 1rayay vaushaL
Cm Prah AsLray haL
Pavlng accompllshed Lhe above menLloned rlLuals a devoLee should Lhen worshlp each of Lhe
flve faces of Shlva by chanLlng Lhe followlng manLras
Cm Pram Saddyo[aLay namah
Cm Prlm vamdevay namah
Cm Poom Aghoray namah
Cm Pralm 1aLpurushay namah Cm Praum lshanay namah
vlSPnu MAn18A
Whlle worshlpplng Lord vlshnu flrsL of all a devoLee should worshlp Lhe Asan of Lhe delLy by
chanLlng
Cm vasudeva Asanay namah
Pe should Lhen make saluLaLlons Lo Lord vlshnu by chanLlng Lhe followlng manLras
Cm vasudevay MurLaye namah
Cm Alm Cm namo 8hagavaLe vasudevay namah
Cm Am Cm namo 8hagavaLe Sankarshanay namah
Cm Alm Cm namo 8hagavaLe radyumnay namah
Cm Ah Cm namo 8hagavaLe Anlruddhay namah
SubsequenLly a devoLee should worshlp Lhe varlous lncarnaLlons of Lord vlshnu hls weapons as
well as hls dlfferenL mounLs by lncorporaLlng Lhe rlLuals of Shodashopachar and by chanLlng Lhe
followlng manLras
Cm narayanay namah
Cm 1aLsad 8rahmane namah
Cm Poom vlshnave namah
Cm Praum namo 8hagavaLe nrlslnhay namah
Cm 8huh Cm namo 8hagavaLe varahay namah eLc
SA8ASWA1l MAn18A
A devoLee should begln hls worshlp by maklng saluLaLlons Lo goddess SarswaLl by chanLlng Cm
Prlm SarswaLyal namah
Pe should Lhen perform Lhe rlLuals of Shadangnyas by chanLlng Lhe followlng manLras Cm
Pram Prldayay namah
Cm Prlm Shlrse Swaha
Cm Poom Shlkhayal vashaL Cm Pralm kavachay Poom
Cm Praum neLra 1rayay vaushaL
Cm Prah AsLray haL
LAkSPMl MAn18A
A devoLee deslrous of acqulrlng wealLh and prosperlLy musL worshlp Coddess Lakshml wlLh
approprlaLe rlLuals Pe should begln by maklng saluLaLlons Lo Lhe goddess by chanLlng Lhe
followlng manLra
Cm Srlm Prlm Mahalakshmyal namah
1hen follows Lhe rlLuals of Shadangnyas LhaL ls performed by chanLlng Lhe speclflc manLras
meanL for Lhem
lll AS18CLCC? ln CA8uuA u8AnA
1PL CPA8lC1S Cl nAvC8APAS
Whlle descrlblng Lhe charloLs of all Lhe nlne planeLs Lord vlshnu Lold 8udra 1he charloL of
Surya deva (Sun) has an unbellevable expanse sLreLchlng up Lo nlne Lhousand yo[ans 1he axle of
Lhe charloL ls one crore and flfLy seven lakh yo[ans long and wheels are flxed aL boLh lLs ends
1he wheels have slx clrcumferences symbollzlng Lhe slx maln seasons and flve spokes
symbollzlng Lhe flve dlfferenL unlLs of Llme measuremenL ln Lhem 1he charloL of Surya (Sun) ls
pulled by seven horses 1hese horses symbollze Lhe seven chhands (sLanzas used ln poeLry)
gayaLrl vrlhaLl ushnlk [agaLl LrlshLup anushLup and pankLl
1he charloL of chandrama (Moon) has Lhree wheels ln lL lL ls pulled by Len whlLe horses 1he
color of Mangals (Mars) charloL ls golden and ls pulled by horses of dark red color 8uddhs
(Mercury) charloL ls of brown color and ls pulled by elghL horses of Lhe same color 1he charloL
of 8rlhaspaLl (!uplLer) ls made of gold and ls pulled by elghL horses of yellowlsh complexlon
!uplLer remalns ln each of Lhe Lwelve zodlacs for a year
Shukras (venus) charloL ls well escorLed by hls army 1he charloL has a masL on lLs Lop and ls
pulled by horses LhaL are found on earLh
Porses pulllng Lhe charloL of Shanl(SaLurn) are of varlcolored 1he charloL of 8ahu ls pulled by
elghL horses whlch are of Lhe color of smoke 1he charloL of keLu ls pulled by elghL horses
whlch are red ln color
uLSC8l1lCn Cl ?CCAS Anu MuPu81AS
Clvlng elaboraLe descrlpLlon of lnausplclous days on whlch one should noL underLake Lravels or
[ourneys Lord vlshnu Lold Shlvavarlous ?oglnls (goddesses) dwell ln dlfferenL dlrecLlons on speclflc
days and one should never seL ouL on [ourneys on Lhose days A yoglnl named 8rahmanl
dwells ln Lhe LasL on raLlpada(flrsL) and navaml(nlnLh) of boLh Lhe forLnlghLs of each monLh and
nobody should Lravel on boLh Lhese daLes Lowards easL Maheshwarl dwells ln Lhe norLh on second
and nlnLh of boLh Lhe forLnlghLs of each monLh and hence nobody should Lravel Lowards norLh on
boLh Lhese daLes varahal dwells ln Lhe souLh on Lhe flfLh and LhlrLeenLh of boLh Lhe forLnlghLs of
each monLh and hence lL ls unadvlsable Lo Lravel Lowards souLh on Lhe above menLloned daLes ln
Lhe same manner lndranl dwells ln Lhe wesL on slxLh and fourLeenLh of boLh Lhe forLnlghLs of each
monLh and Lherefore nobody should Lravel ln Lhls dlrecLlon on boLh Lhe above menLloned daLes
Whlle glvlng names of some ausplclous nakshaLras sulLable for underLaklng [ourneys Lord
vlshnu saldConsLellaLlons llke Ashvlnl Anuradha 8evaLl Mrlgashlra Mool unarvasu
ushya PasL and !yeshLha are ausplclous for underLaklng [ourneys
Lord vlshnu glvlng some speclflc comblnaLlons of days and LlLhls consldered Lo be lnausplclous
saldCne should never Lravel on Lhe followlng lnausplclous days uwadashl falllng on Sunday
or Lkadashl falllng on Monday or navaml falllng on Wednesday or AshLaml falllng on 1hursday
or SapLaml falllng on lrlday and ShashLhl falllng on SaLurday
AmrlL ?oga lL ls Lhe mosL ausplclous yoga for commenclng any work 1he con[uncLlon of a
parLlcular day and speclflc nakshaLra consLlLuLe Lhls yoga lew examples of AmrlL yoga are Mool
nakshaLra falllng on Sunday Shravan nakshaLra on Monday uLLara bhadrapad on 1uesday
krlLlka on Wednesday unarvasu on 1hursday urvafalgunl on lrlday and SwaLl nakshaLra
falllng on SaLurday
vlsha ?oga lL ls consldered Lo be an lnausplclous yoga and unsulLable for commenclng any
lmporLanL work lew examples of Lhls parLlcular yoga are 8harnl nakshaLra falllng on lrlday
ChlLra nakshaLra on Monday uLLarashadha on 1uesday uhanlshLha on Wednesday ShaLabhlsha
on 1hursday 8ohlnl on lrlday and 8evaLl nakshaLra falllng on SaLurday
C8APA uASPA
uescrlblng Lhe perlod for whlch a parLlcular planeL ls supposed Lo have lLs lnfluence on Lhe
naLlve Lord vlshnu Lold Shlva Suryas dasha conLlnues for slx years and brlngs Lurbulence
Lurmoll and agony Lo Lhe concerned person Moons dasha conLlnues for flfLeen years and ls
consldered very ausplclous as lL brlngs happlness and prosperlLy Mangals dasha ls consldered
lnausplclous and lasLs for elghL years lL brlngs sorrow and mlsforLune 8uddhs dasha ls
ausplclous and lasLs for sevenLeen years lL brlngs all klnds of favorable resulLs and ls exLremely
rewardlng ln every respecL Shanls dasha lasLs for Len years and brlngs all klnds of lnausplclous
resulLs Lo a man 8rlhaspaLls dasha conLlnues for nlneLeen years and ls exLremely ausplclous
8ahus dasha conLlnues for Lwelve years and ls lnausplclous Shukras dasha lasLs for LwenLy
years and ls ausplclous
noLe 1he perlod of years sLaLed ln Lhe above menLloned Craha dashas are aL varlance from
Lhose menLloned by Sage arashar whlch ls ln pracLlce Loday
8LulC1lCnS 8ASLu Cn P?SlCAL 18Al1Suwelllng on lengLh abouL Lhe lmporLance of physlcal LralLs and
sympLoms apparenL ln an
lndlvldual Lord vlshnu Lold Shlva lf one sees Lhe followlng physlcal LralLs ln a man he should
lmmedlaLely undersLand LhaL he ls seelng a prospecLlve klng Pands and feeL as sofL as a loLus
flower plnk nalls and no space lefL beLween Lhe flngers when kepL sLralghL 1here ls no slgn of
bulglng velns on hls hands and palms and Lhey do noL sweaL excesslvely Cn Lhe conLrary a
person havlng rough feeL LhaL appears pale wlLh promlnenL velns on Lhem lndlcaLes LhaL Lhe
concerned person would be poor and mlserable
8LulC1lnC ACL Wl1P 1PL PLL Cl lC8LPLAu LlnL
Lord vlshnu saldAnybody havlng Lhree parallel llnes on hls forehead llves happlly for slxLy
years whereas Lwo parallel llnes lndlcaLes LhaL he would llve Llll Lhe age of forLy years Cnly one
llne on Lhe forehead lndlcaLes LhaL he would have a shorL llfe buL lf Lhe llne sLreLches up Lo boLh
Lhe ears Lhen he llves for a cenLury lf Lwo parallel llnes on Lhe forehead sLreLches up Lo boLh Lhe
years Lhen Lhe concerned person llves for sevenLy years whlle a Lrlple parallel llnes reachlng boLh
Lhe years lndlcaLes LhaL he would llve Llll Lhe age of slxLy years A forehead devold of any llne on
lL means LhaL Lhe concerned person would llve for only forLy years whlle a cobweb of lnLersecLlng
llnes on Lhe forehead lndlcaLes LhaL Lhe concerned person ls deflnlLe Lo dle a premaLure deaLh A
forehead wlLh a LrldenL or an axe mark on lL lndlcaLes LhaL Lhe concerned person would be
prosperous and llve for a cenLury
8LulC1lnC ACL 8? ALMlS18?
Lord vlshnu conLlnulng wlLh hls narraLlon Lold Shlva LhaL Lhe age of a person could be predlcLed
by Lhe llnes found on hls palms lf Lhe llfe llne reaches Lhe base beLween lndex and mlddle
flngers Lhen Lhe concerned person llves for a cenLury lf Lhe llfe llne ls long clear and wlLhouL
lnLersecLlons from oLher llnes Lhen Lhe concerned person llves for a hundred years
8LulC1lCn 8ASLu Cn P?SlCAL 18Al1S Cl WCMLn
Lord vlshnu saldA woman havlng a round face curly halr and lower porLlon of her navel
sllghLly slanLed Lowards rlghL ls exLremely forLunaLe noL only for herself buL also for her whole
clan Slmllarly a woman wlLh golden complexlon and hands as beauLlful and sofL as red loLus
flower ls excepLlonally chasLe and falLhful Lowards her husband A woman havlng dry and unruly
halr and also round eyes becomes a wldow
A woman whose face ls round llke a full moon and whlch radlaLes llke a rlslng sun and whose
llps are [ulcy llke a 8ael frulL (Wood apple) en[oys a happy and conLenLed llfe A woman
havlng a cobweb of llnes on her palms ls sure Lo lead a LorLurous and palnful llfe whereas a palm
wlLh few llnes lndlcaLes LhaL she would be poor lf Lhe llnes are plnk Lhen Lhey lndlcaLe
happlness prosperlLy and good healLh whereas blacklsh llnes lndlcaLe LhaL she would llve a llfe of
slavery Any woman havlng elLher a Chakra a hook or a ear rlng mark on her hand lndlcaLes
LhaL she would begeL worLhy sons and rule llke a queen A woman havlng halr around her breasLs
as well as a proLrudlng lower llp spells doom for her husband Any woman havlng a fesLoon
mark on her palms lndlcaLes LhaL she would geL marrled ln a famlly superlor Lo her ln sLaLus A woman
havlng a round navel wlLh brown halr around lL leads a llfe of slavery desplLe belng
born ln a royal famlly A woman whose llLLle Loes as well as blg Loes of boLh Lhe legs do noL
Louch Lhe ground whlle walklng spells doom for her husband ln Lhe same manner beauLlful eyes
lndlcaLe good forLune whlle sofL and Lender skln lndlcaLe a happy marrled llfe
vA8lCuS nAMLS Cl SPALlC8AM
uescrlblng how a Shallgram ls named on Lhe basls of number of Chakra presenL on lL Lord
vlshnu saldlf Lhere ls only one Chakra on Lhe Shallgram ldol Lhen lL ls called Sudarshan ln
Lhe same way Shallgram wlLh Lwo Chakras ls known as Lakshml narayan whlle LhaL havlng
Lhree Chakras on lL ls called AchyuL Shallgram wlLh four Chakra on lL ls known as ChaLurbhu[
LhaL wlLh flve Chakras vasudev Slmllarly Shallgram wlLh slx seven elghL nlnLh LenLh eleven
and Lwelve Chakras are called radyumana Sankarshan urushoLLam navavyuha
uashaLmak Anlruddha and uwluashaLmak respecLlvely Shallgrams wlLh more Lhan Lwelve
Chakras are called lnflnlLe
PCW !LWLLS C8lClnA1Lu
SuL[l once narraLed Lhe followlng Lale Lo Lhe assembled sages whlch sheds llghL on Lhe orlgln of
[ewels and oLher preclous sLonesuurlng anclenL Llmes Lhere llved a mlghLy demon named 8ala
AlLhough he had defeaLed Lhe delLles and drlven Lhem ouL from Lhe heaven yeL he had assured
Lhem LhaL he would exLend fullesL cooperaLlon and supporL ln any yagya performed by delLles ln
fuLure All Lhe delLles planned Lo perform a ?agya ln order Lo regaln Lhelr losL klngdom 1hey
made all Lhe necessary preparaLlons for Lhe ?agya buL were unable Lo flnd a person who could
offer hlmself as a sacrlflclal belng a rlLual wlLhouL whlch any yagya ls lncompleLe
Seelng no oLher opLlon Lhe worrled delLles Look refuge of 8alasur and requesLed hlm Lo offer
hlmself for sacrlflce so LhaL Lhe yagya could be accompllshed wlLhouL any hlLch 8alasur was
bound by hls promlse so he agreed 1hls way Lhe delLles were able Lo accompllsh Lhelr yagya
8uL a sLrange evenL colnclded wlLh Lhe deaLh of 8alasur whlch surprlsed even Lhe delLles 1he
vlrLuous deed of offerlng hlmself as a sacrlflclal belng ln Lhe yagya ceremony had amazlngly
Lransformed 8alasurs corpse lnLo [ewels uelLles Lrled Lo carry Lhe !ewelbody Lhrough Lhe aerlal
rouLe Lowards a safer place buL lL was fragmenLed lnLo counLless pleces due Lo Lhe lmpacL of
feroclous speed of Lhe wlnd lL had Lo negoLlaLe 1hese pleces scaLLered all over Lhe places ocean
rlvers MounLalns loresLs eLc ln course of Llme Lhese places goL Lransformed lnLo counLless
mlnes of [ewels and preclous sLones such as va[ra (dlamond) MukLamanl lndraneel SphaLlk
rawal ushparag and many more
lv 8CMlnLn1 LACLS Cl lLC8lMACL
SuL[l whlle glvlng Lhe names of some promlnenL places of pllgrlmage Lold Lhe assembled sages
1he banks of Canga are consldered Lo be Lhe hollesL among all Lhe places of pllgrlmage 1he
holy Canga whlch orlglnaLes from Lhe Plmalayas ln Lhe norLh ulLlmaLely geLs merged wlLh Lhe
ocean ln Lhe easL uurlng her enLlre course of flow she passes Lhrough numerous holy places
whlch owe Lhelr hollness malnly Lo her AlLhough any place slLuaLed on Lhe banks of Canga ls
consldered holy yeL rayag Parldwar varanasl and Canga sangam (1he place where she meeLs Lhe
ocean) have speclal slgnlflcance and Lhere ls no oLher place as holy as each of Lhem rayag ls
belleved Lo fulfll boLh Lhe wlshes whlch a man asplres for worldly en[oymenLs as well as
salvaLlon
erformlng Lhe rlLuals of plnda dan here noL only helps Lhe ancesLors Lo llberaLe buL also hlmself
varanasl ls Lhe same place where Lord Shlva and keshav have Lhelr respecLlve abodes uonaLlng
aL kuruksheLra brlngs lncomparable vlrLues and glves boLh worldly en[oymenLs as well as
salvaLlon kedar LeerLh ls capable of llberaLlng even a helnous slnner from all hls slns lew oLher
places consldered very holy are ShweLdweepa nalmlsharanya ushkar Ayodhya ChlLrakuL
ComLl kanchlpurl Srl Shall kam LeerLh AmarkanLak u[[aln MaLhura Covardhan eLc All
Lhese places have greaL rellglous slgnlflcance and each of Lhem ls capable of llberaLlng a man
from all hls slns
1PL SlCnlllCAnCL Cl CA?A 1LL81P
Cnce whlle narraLlng how Caya a promlnenL place of pllgrlmage ln easLern parL of lndla goL lLs
name Lord 8rahma Lold sage vyasauurlng anclenL Llmes Lhere llved a mlghLy demon named
Caya Pe used Lo LormenL Lhe delLles who ulLlmaLely wenL Lo seek Lhe help of Lord vlshnu Lord
vlshnu successfully kllled Cayasur afLer a flerce maceduel 1he place where Caya dled became
famous by hls name 1here ls a grand vlshnu Lemple slLuaLed aL Caya where Lhere ls a
magnlflcenL ldol of Lord Cadhadhar (Lord vlshnu holdlng a mace ln hls hand)
Caya ls consldered Lo be Lhe mosL ldeal place of pllgrlmage for performlng Lhe shraddh rlLuals lL
ls belleved LhaL a person goes Lo hell lf he dles ln Lhe followlng clrcumsLances lf he dles wlLhouL
hls consecraLlons belng performed or lf a wlld anlmal kllls hlm or lf he meeLs an accldenLal
deaLh no maLLer whaL Lhe reasons are 8uL lf Shraddh rlLuals are performed aL Caya Lhen Lhe
soul of such a man geLs rld of Lhe LorLures of Lhe hell and goes Lo heaven
1he lmporLance of performlng Shraddh rlLuals over Lhere can be gauged by Lhe facL LhaL a person
becomes llberaLed from plLra rlna (debLs Lowards ones faLher) once he Louches Lhe sacrosancL
soll of Caya 1he reason belng LhaL Lord vlshnu hlmself dwells Lhere ln Lhe form of lLra
devaLa and by havlng hls dlvlne gllmpse a man ls freed of all hls Lhree debLs 1he enLlre area
sLreLchlng from Lhe fooLhllls of vlshnu mounLaln Lo uLLar Manas ls consldered exLremely holy
and Lhls ls Lhe same area where rlver lalgu flows Cfferlng lnda dan Lo ancesLors aL Lhls place
helps Lhem Lo aLLaln salvaLlon Whlle performlng Lhe rlLuals of lnda dan he should chanL Lhe
followlng manLra
Lsha lndo Maya uasLraLav PasLe !anardanah
arlokam CaLe Moksham kshaymu aLlshLhaLam
1here are many oLher places as holy as Lhe banks of lalgu and performance of Shraddh rlLuals
over Lhere glve undlmlnlshed vlrLues Lo Lhe ancesLors uharmarlshLha 8rahmasar
Cayashlrsha Akshay1eerLh uhenukaranya are few such places capable of llberaLlng LwenLy
generaLlons of a man 1he enLlre clLy of Caya ls consldered sacrosancL and performlng Lhe rlLuals of
Shraddh or offerlng lnda dan Lo ancesLors aL any place wlLhln Caya helps Lhe soul of
Lhe ancesLors Lo aLLaln Lo 8rahmaloka
1PL 8l1uALS Cl lnuAuAn
8efore seLLlng ouL for Caya Lo offer lnda dan a man should approprlaLely perform Shraddh
rlLuals ln Lhe vlllage or Lown he llves Lach sLep Laken Lowards Caya acLs as a sLepplng sLone Lo
Lhe heaven for Lhe ancesLors CeLLlng ones head Lonsured or observlng fasL ls prohlblLed ln some
places of pllgrlmage llke 8adrlnaLh kuruksheLra !agannaLhpurl and Caya 1here ls no Llme
resLrlcLlon on Lhe performance of Shraddh rlLuals aL Caya and Lhey can be performed anyLlme
AfLer reachlng Caya a man should flrsL of all lnvoke hls ancesLors whlle Laklng baLh ln Lhe holy
lalgu and offer plnda dan Lo Lhem Pe should Lhen vlslL Lhe Lemple of Lord Cadadhar (vlshnu)
and worshlp Lhe delLy 1he nexL day he should once agaln perform Lhe Shraddh rlLuals aL
uharmaranya and MaLangwapl Lwo sacrosancL places havlng greaL rellglous slgnlflcance Cn Lhe
Lhlrd day he should perform Lhe rlLuals of 1arpan on Lhe banks of 8rahmasada LeerLh and Lhen
go Lo koopLeerLh and ?oopLeerLh Lo repeaL Lhe performance of Shraddh rlLuals
Pe should Lhen feed Lhe 8rahmlns aL Coprachar LeerLh an acL consldered Lo help ancesLors aLLaln
salvaLlon Cn Lhe fourLh day he should Lake a holy dlp ln rlver lalgu and once agaln perform
Shraddh rlLuals aL a place called Cayashlrsh 1here are many more holy places ln Lhe vlclnlLy
where he ls requlred Lo perform Shraddh rlLuals vyasa uehlmukh anchagnl Surya LeerLh
SomLeerLh and karLlkeyaLeerLh are few of Lhem llnally on Lhe flfLh day he should Lake a holy
dlp ln Cadalolak LeerLh and offer lndadan under Lhe 8anyan Lree called Akshay vaL an acL
belleved Lo llberaLe all hls predecessors as well as comlng generaLlons from Lhe bondage of LarLh
AfLer LhaL 8rahmlns are fed leedlng one 8rahmln aL Caya brlngs Lhe same vlrLues whaL one
would geL by feedlng one crore 8rahmlns elsewhere
1ALL Cl klnC vlSPALLord 8rahma Lhen narraLed a Lale glorlfylng Lhe slgnlflcance of performlng Shraddh
rlLuals aL
Caya C vyasa! Cnce upon a Llme Lhere llved a Lrader who was sonless Cne day whlle he was
on hls pllgrlmage he meL a resLless ghosL who requesLed hlm Lo perform Lhe rlLuals of lnda dan
aL Caya so LhaL noL only he became llberaLed from Lhe palns and LorLures of belng a splrlL buL also
he (Lrader) wenL Lo heaven 1he Lrader wenL Lo Caya accompanled by hls younger broLher as per
Lhe requesL of Lhe ChosL and noL only performed Lhe rlLuals of lndadan for Lhe ghosL buL also
for hls own ancesLors
As a resulL noL only Lhe ghosL buL all hls ancesLors became llberaLed Cn accounL of hls vlrLuous
deeds Lhe Lrader was blessed wlLh a son Pe en[oyed a long llfe full of [oy and conLenLmenL
AfLer hls deaLh he was reborn as vlshal ln Lhe prlncely sLaLe of vlshala AfLer growlng up he goL
marrled buL even afLer a long Llme he dld noL begeL a son and Lhls made hlm very sad Cne day he
asked Lhe royal prlesLs abouL Lhe reason he dld noL begeL a son All Lhe prlesLs advlsed hlm Lo
offer lnda dan aL Caya as Lhey felL LhaL by dolng so Lhe klng would deflnlLely geL blessed wlLh a
son and Lhey were noL wrong as vlshal lndeed was blessed wlLh a son afLer he had offered lnda
dan aL CayaCne day whlle vlshal was havlng a walk ln Lhe royal garden he was amazed Lo see Lhree
enLlLles
descendlng down from Lhe sky AfLer all Lhree of Lhem had landed on Lhe ground vlshal had a
close look aL Lhem Cne of Lhem was falr whlle Lhe second ones complexlon was reddlsh 1he
Lhlrd and Lhe mosL feroclous among Lhem was of dark complexlon lor a momenL vlshal was
dumbsLruck by Lhls mysLerlous slghL buL lL dld noL Lake hlm long Lo gaLher hls composure Pe
asked Lhem as Lo who Lhey were and was sLunned by Lhe answers he goL
AcLually Lhese Lhree enLlLles were none oLher Lhan Lhe souls of hls laLher Crand laLher and
CreaL Crand laLher all of whom had dled long ago 1hey had come Lo Lhank vlshal who by
performlng Lhe rlLuals of Shraddh had helped Lhem ln geLLlng llberaLed from all Lhelr slns 1he
enLlLy appearlng falr who ln facL was vlshals faLher sald 1hank you for helplng me aLLaln Lo
lndra loka lf lL were noL for you l would have sLlll been langulshlng ln hell 1he enLlLy wlLh
reddlsh complexlon ls your Crand laLher who had commlLLed grave slns whlle he was allve and
as Lhe consequences he wenL Lo Lhe mosL feroclous hell named Avlchl afLer hls deaLh Lven he has
been llberaLed because of you 1he Lhlrd enLlLy among us and havlng dark complexlon ls your
CreaL Crand laLher Pe had commlLLed helnous of slns whlle he was allve buL even he has
become llberaLed because of you We have come Lo express our graLlLude and Lo Lhank you for
havlng llberaLed us from our mlserable condlLlons All Lhree of us are now deparLlng for heaven
Pavlng sald Lhls all Lhree of Lhem dlsappeared ln a momenL vlshal was exLremely saLlsfled LhaL
he had been successful ln fulfllllng one of Lhe ma[or obllgaLlons Lowards hls ancesLors (plLrarlna)
by helplng Lhem aLLaln Lo heaven Pe en[oyed a long llfe and afLer hls deaLh he Loo wenL Lo
heaven
8A!AA1l 8uCPlS ulSLnCPAn1MLn1
Cnce SuL[l recounLed Lhe followlng Lale Lo Lhe assembled sages whlch had been orlglnally Lold
by sage Markandeya Lo kraunchkl long ago Cnce Sage 8uchl became so dlsenchanLed wlLh
Lhe world LhaL he declded Lo remaln a bachelor a declslon whlch made hls lLras(ancesLors)
exLremely worrled 1hey Lrled Lo change hls mlnd by clLlng numerous beneflLs of householders
llfe and Lhe yeomen servlce he does Lo Lhe socleLy
1hey sald C 8uchl! 1he declslon you have Laken ls mosL unforLunaLe erhaps you are noL
aware of Lhe lmporLance a CrlhasLa holds ln Lhe socleLy 8uL for hls cooperaLlon noL a slngle
rellglous acLlvlLy can Lake place lLs your mlsconcepLlon LhaL a CrlhasLa can noL aLLaln salvaLlon
Cn Lhe conLrary he has numerous opporLunlLles ln hls llfe Lo aLLaln salvaLlon ulfferenL rlLuals
and consecraLlons enable hlm Lo achleve Lhls lmporLanL goal of a mans llfe lLras advlses had
greaL lmpacL on ra[apaLl 8uchl and he agreed Lo geL marrled
1hereafLer a search for an ldeal maLch began buL even afLer besL of hls efforLs he dld noL geL any
ra[apaLl 8uchl Lhen declded Lo please Lord 8rahma by hls ausLere penance Pe commenced hls
penance whlch conLlnued for a very long perlod llnally Lord 8rahma appeared and advlsed
hlm Lo please hls lLras AcLlng on Lhe advlce of Lord 8rahma ra[apaLl 8uchl euloglzed hls
ancesLors and performed Lhe rlLuals of 1arpan Lo paclfy Lhelr souls All hls lLras appeared and
blessed hlm 8A!AA1l 8uCPl MA88lLS MAnlnl
1he blesslngs glven by lLras frucLlfled lnsLanLaneously as a beauLlful Apsara manlfesLed
herself from Lhe rlver flowlng nearby and saldC greaL sage! l am ramlocha l would conslder
lL as my good forLune lf you glve your consenL Lo marry my daughLer Manlnl ushkar son of
varun ls her faLher ln course of Llme a son named 8auchya wlll be born Lo you
1hls was Lhe day ra[apaLl 8uchl was eagerly walLlng for Pe declded Lo geL marrled Lhen and
Lhere so he lnvlLed all Lhe promlnenL sages and Lhe marrlage ceremony was solemnlzed ln Lhelr
presence ln course of Llme a son named 8auchya was born Lo Lhem Pe was a greaL sage afLer
whom a ManvanLar was named
v uLSC8l1lCn Cl vA8lCuS CCnSLC8A1lCnS
Whlle descrlblng Lhe slgnlflcance of varlous consecraLlons Lord vlshnu Lold Shlva LhaL Lhe
unlon of mans sperm and womans ovum resulLs lnLo Lhe blrLh of a chlld 1hls unlon along wlLh
Lhe whole process of foeLus geLLlng Lransformed lnLo a baby ls a lengLhy affalr durlng whlch lL
lmblbes numerous lmpurlLles ConsecraLlons purlfy a man from all Lhese lmpurlLles Lord vlshnu
sald 1he manklnd has been caLegorlzed lnLo four promlnenL casLes 8rahmln kshaLrlya
valshya and Shudra 1he former Lhree casLes are also known as uwl[as (1wlce born 1he
solemnlzaLlon of a consecraLlon named ?agyopavlL ls belleved Lo be Lhelr second blrLh) because
only Lhey are enLlLled Lo geL consecraLed lnLo Lhls parLlcular ceremony 8lghL from hls blrLh Llll he
Lakes hls lasL breaLh a uwl[a has Lo undergo varlous consecraLlons
Clvlng Lhe names of some promlnenL consecraLlon ceremonles LhaL a uwl[a has Lo go Lhrough
Lord vlshnu saldCarbhadhan Sanskar ls performed aL Lhe Llme of concepLlon 1he scrlpLures
have clearly sLaLed abouL Lhe besL Llme for a woman Lo concelve Lwelve days afLer her
mensLruaLlon has sLarLed beglnnlng from Lhe flfLh day as Lhe flrsL four days are noL consldered
ausplclous for Lhls purpose unsavan sanskar ls performed ln Lhe Lhlrd monLh afLer concepLlon
whlle SeemanLonayan sanskar ls performed ln Lhe slxLh or elghLh monLh afLer concepLlon AfLer
Lhe blrLh of a chlld Lhe consecraLlon named !aL karma ls performed whlle nam karan sanskar ls
performed on Lhe elevenLh day afLer hls blrLh whereby Lhe new born baby ls glven a name
nlshkraman sanskar ls performed ln Lhe fourLh monLh and Annaprashan sanskar ln Lhe slxLh
monLh 1he consecraLlon named Chudamanl sanskar can be performed elLher ln Lhe flrsL Lhlrd or
flfLh year of Lhe chlld
uAnA?An SAnSkA8
uwelllng on lengLh abouL Lhe approprlaLe way of performlng upanayan sanskar (Sacred Lhread
ceremony) rlLuals Lord vlshnu saldA 8rahmln chlld should geL consecraLed wlLh Lhe sacred
Lhread ln hls elghLh year whlle a kshaLrlya chllds consecraLlon should be performed when he has
aLLalned Lhe age of eleven upanayan sanskar of a valshya chlld should be performed ln hls
LwelfLh year
A dwl[a whose upanayan sanskar has been performed musL face souLhwards whlle rellevlng
hlmself ln Lhe nlghL whereas durlng dayLlme he should face norLhward SubsequenLly he should purlfy
hlmself by properly washlng hls urlnary organ wlLh mud (soap) and waLer Pe should also
wash hls hands and feeL 1he purlflcaLlon ls belleved Lo be lncompleLe unLll and unless Lhe rlLuals
of Achman (rlLuallsLlc rlnslng of Lhe mouLh) have been performed nexL mornlng afLer havlng a
baLh he should do ranayama and chanL Lhe sacred CayaLrl manLra faclng easL ln Lhe evenlng
he should chanL CayaLrl manLra faclng souLh AfLer Lhls Lhe rlLual of 8hlkshaLan ls performed
whereby he seeks alms and donaLes everyLhlng LhaL he geLs Lo hls Curu as a mark of respecL Lo
hlm
1hls parLlcular rlLual ls symbollc and emphaslzes Lhe absoluLe necesslLy of subdulng ones ego
before acqulrlng knowledge from hls Curu A cellbaLe ls supposed Lo wear noLhlng buL a ueer
skln and a walsL band made of long reeds on hls person wlLh a sacred Lhread hanglng across hls
shoulder and carry a sLlck ln hls hand 1he cellbaLe whose upanayan sanskar has been performed
should sLay aL hls Curus hermlLage Llll he compleLes hls educaLlon lL ls also hls duLy Lo collecL
food gralns from Lhe nelghbourhood Lo meeL Lhe food requlremenL of all Lhe people llvlng ln Lhe
hermlLage A 8rahmln cellbaLe should chanL 8havaLl bhlksham dehl whlle seeklng alms whereas
a kshaLrlya cellbaLe should chanL Lhe same manLra wlLh a sllghL modlflcaLlon 8hlksham bhavaLl
dehl Slmllarly a valshya cellbaLe should chanL 8hlksham dehl bhavaLl whlle seeklng alms
kLSPAn1 SAnSkA8
AfLer flnlshlng hls educaLlon Lhe cellbaLe should shave hls beards and mousLaches for Lhe flrsL
Llme SLrlcL guldellnes have been lald down for each casLe wlLh respecL Lo Lhls parLlcular
consecraLlon A 8rahmln should geL consecraLed wlLh Lhls rlLual ln hls slxLeenLh year whlle a
kshaLrlya should geL lL performed ln hls LwenLysecond year Slmllarly a valshya should geL
consecraLed wlLh Lhls rlLual ln hls LwenLyfourLh year 1he above menLloned age llmlLs are also
Lhe maxlmum before whlch respecLlve casLes are supposed Lo geL consecraLed wlLh Lhe sacred
Lhread ceremony falllng whlch he becomes a rellglous ouLcasLe
C8lPAS1A ASP8AM
Pls educaLlon belng compleLe now lL ls Lhe Llme for hlm Lo enLer Lhe llfe of a householder 8uL
before leavlng Lhe hermlLage he should pay uakshlna as a mark of graLlLude Lo hls Curu for all
Lhe knowledge he has lmparLed Lo hlm WlLh Lhe permlsslon of hls Curu he should Lhen marry a
glrl who ls beauLlful younger Lo hlm and belonglng Lo dlfferenL CoLra AlLhough Lhe besL opLlon
for hlm ls Lo marry a woman belonglng Lo hls own casLe buL he ls allowed Lo marry ouLslde hls
casLe provlded Lhe woman halls from a casLe lnferlor Lo hlm buL under no clrcumsLances he
should marry a woman belonglng Lo superlor casLe
CCuLA1lCn 8CPl8l1Lu Cn CL81Aln uA?S
An ldeal wlfe ls one who obeys Lhe commands of her husband wlLhouL any lnhlblLlon Accordlng
Lo Lhe scrlpLures Lhe besL Llme for a marrled couple Lo copulaLe ls afLer Lhe woman has had her
mensLruaLlon especlally Llll slxLeen days afLer her perlods have commenced are consldered besL
for Lhls purpose 8uL Lhere are also cerLaln days on whlch maklng sexual conLacLs ls prohlblLedLhe flrsL
four days afLer her perlods have sLarLed AshLaml ChaLurdashl Amavasya and urnlma
are few such days lf Lhe above glven rules are followed Lhen a couple can begeL worLhy sons possesslng
good quallLles Conslderlng Lhe facL LhaL a woman has sexual urge elghL Llmes more
Lhan a man scrlpLures have also advlsed a man noL Lo overlook Lhe sexual urge of hls wlfe and Lo
saLlsfy her wlLhouL boLherlng abouL Lhe prohlblLed days
u8lllCA1lCn Cl ulllL8Ln1 A81lCLLS
uescrlblng Lhe meLhods of purlfylng dlfferenL arLlcles Lord vlshnu reflecLed on Lhe lnsLrucLlons
whlch sage ?agyavalkya had once glven Lo oLher sages ln Lhls regardSubsLances llke gold
sllver conch vegeLables rope leaLher arLlcles eLc become pure once Lhey are washed wlLh
waLer ln Lhe same way uLenslls made of wood or anlmals horn become pure afLer Lhey have
been chlseled uLenslls used ln yagya become pure afLer Lhey have been rubbed wlLh mud and
Lhen washed wlLh waLer Washlng woolen and sllken cloLhes wlLh Lepld waLer or cowurlne make
Lhem pure
Land ls purlfled lf lL ls coaLed wlLh cowdung Copper vessels arLlcles made of lead and 1ln
vessels become pure lf cleaned wlLh a soluLlon of alkall acld and Lhen washed wlLh waLer lron
and bronze vessels become pure lf cleaned wlLh ash and waLer 1he followlngs are belleved Lo be
pure sunllghL flre cow horse earLh alr dewdrops foodgralns up for sale ln Lhe markeL eLc
A man should perform Achaman ln Lhe followlng clrcumsLances afLer hls baLh afLer drlnklng
waLer afLer sneezlng afLer waklng up from sleep afLer havlng food afLer havlng a walk on dusLy
paLh afLer changlng cloLhes eLc
88lLl uLSC8l1lCn Cl SP8AuuP 8l1uALS
uescrlblng Lhe proper way of performlng Shraddh rlLuals sage ?agyavalkya Lold Lhe assembled
sagesA performer of Shraddh rlLuals should lnvlLe able 8rahmlns and offer Lhem seaLs of
kusha grass llrsL of all an lnvocaLlon ls made Lo vlshvedeva by chanLlng a manLra ln hls pralse
an acLlon whlch ls followed by scaLLerlng gralns of barley ln Lhe vessels kepL ln fronL of Lhe
uelLys ldol SubsequenLly some waLer and a small quanLlLy of barley ls Laken ln a small vessel
whlch ls Lhen handed over Lo Lhe 8rahmlns along wlLh oLher arLlcles such as ghee lamp garland
lncense eLc 1here are speclflc manLras for Lhls parLlcular rlLual AfLer LhaL he should offer seaLs
of kusha grass Lo all hls ancesLors one by one beglnnlng from Lhe lefL hand slde and subsequenLly
movlng on Lo Lhe rlghL hand slde All Lhe ancesLors are Lhen lnvoked wlLh speclflc manLras
1he scrlpLures allow Lhe use of sesame seeds ln place of barley lf laLLer ls unavallable due Lo
some reason 1hese sesame seeds should be kepL ln a Ardhya paLra and placed Lo Lhe lefL slde of
each lLras (ancesLors) ln an lnverLed poslLlon Whlle performlng havan he should make
offerlngs of ghee and oLher arLlcles ln Lhe havan kunda llnally 8rahmlns are fed afLer whlch
Lhe performer of Shraddh rlLuals offers lndadan ln Lhe name of hls ancesLors AfLer LhaL he helps
all Lhe 8rahmlns perform Achaman and glves donaLlons Lo Lhem 1he ldol of vlshvedeva ls
lmmersed ln a nearby rlver or pond and Lhe lnverLed poLs are kepL back ln Lhe normal poslLlon
llnally all Lhe 8rahmlns are seen off wlLh respecL Shraddh rlLuals performed ln Lhe above
menLloned way lmmensely saLlsfy Lhe ancesLors and help Lhem aLLaln Lo heaven
vl kA8MA Anu l1S CCnSLCuLnCL kA8MA vlAkConLlnulng wlLh hls dlscourses sage ?agvalkya Lold
Lhe assembled sages LhaL an enllghLened
soul ls aware of Lhe facL LhaL Lhe morLal world belng lmpermanenL ln naLure has lLs beglnnlng as
well as lLs end Pe ls also aware LhaL a man reaps Lhe frulLs of hls evll deeds ln Lhe form of
Adhldalvlk (heavenly wraLh) AdhyaLmlk (obsLacles ln splrlLual developmenL) and
AdhlbhauLlk (worldly problems llke dlseases poverLy eLc) 1haL ls why he endeavours Lo follow
Lhe paLh of vlrLuoslLy so LhaL he can aLLaln salvaLlon Lhe ulLlmaLe ob[ecLlve of mans llfe
Anybody engaged ln slnful deeds ls deflnlLe Lo go Lo hell whereas vlrLuous deeds help a man Lo
aLLaln Lo heaven AfLer LasLlng Lhe frulLs of hls acLlons he once agaln has Lo Lake blrLh Lo reallze
Lhe unfulfllled wlshes of hls prevlous blrLh 1hls cycle of LransmlgraLlon ls an endless process
leadlng Lo counLless blrLhs and deaLhs of a man Pe experlences unbearable palns ln hls moLhers
wombs lylng ln an lnverLed poslLlon for nlne monLhs
Cnce agaln he has Lo go Lhrough Lhe same dreadful experlences of youLh old age dlseases and
deaLh A slnner afLer LasLlng Lhe frulLs of hls acLlons ln Lhe heaven or hell dependlng on hls
vlrLuous or slnful deeds Lakes reblrLh on Lhe basls of Lhe gravlLy of slns commlLLed kllllng a
8rahmln ls belleved Lo be Lhe mosL helnous of sln and Lhe person who has commlLLed such a sln
afLer havlng suffered Lhe LorLures of hell Lakes reblrLh as a donkey or a dog
ln Lhe same way a person who has sLolen gold Lakes reblrLh as lowly creaLures such as worms or
lnsecLs A drunkard Lakes reblrLh as a frog and a person developlng llllclL relaLlonshlp wlLh hls
Leachers wlfe Lakes reblrLh as grass or hay Cne who shows dlsrespecL Lo hls parenLs ls reborn as
a LorLolse whereas anybody who wlshes lll of hls frlends ls reborn as a donkey
A1CnlnC lC8 SlnS
Whlle descrlblng varlous means by whlch a slnner can aLone for hls slns sage ?agyavalkya sald
A man ls cerLaln Lo meeL downfall and degradaLlon ln Lhe followlng Lhree condlLlons lf he goes
agalnsL Lhe lnsLrucLlons glven ln Lhe scrlpLures lndulges ln prohlblLed acLlvlLles and runs afLer
sensual pleasures ALonlng for ones sln ls Lhe besL means of geLLlng llberaLed from hls sln as well
as gullL A slnner who does noL aLone for hls sln goes Lhrough unbearable LorLures and palns ln
hells more horrlble Lhan ln Maharaurav (name of a hell)
very severe punlshmenL has been recommended for a person who has breached Lhe modesLy of a
woman especlally lf she happens Lo be hls frlends wlfe Leachers wlfe hls own daughLer or
slsLerlnlaw eLc ScrlpLures are of Lhe oplnlon LhaL such a slnner should be kllled wlLhouL
showlng any mercy lf Lhe woman ls a wllllng parLner ln Lhls ghasLly crlme Lhen even she should
be meLed ouL Lhe same punlshmenL
A person who has kllled a 8rahmln should aLone for hls sln by seeklng alms for Lwelve years
carrylng a skull as hls begglng bowl Pe should susLaln hlmself on whaLever he recelves as alms
roLecLlng a cows llfe also helps a man from geLLlng llberaLed from Lhe sln of 8rahmahaLya A
drunkard should aLone for hls sln by consumlng any of Lhe followlng bolllng llquor ghee cowmllk or
cowurlne A person accused of sLeallng gold can become llberaLed from hls sln by
donaLlng gold equlvalenL Lo hls own welghL A person who has kllled a cow can become llberaLed from
hls sln by consumlng anchgavya ( a mlxLure of cowmllk cowdung cowurlne ghee
and curd) and leadlng Lhe resL of hls llfe ln Lhe servlLude of cows
vll ulllL8Ln1 klnu Cl AuS1L8l1lLS
uescrlblng Lhe varlous Lypes of ausLerlLles Lord vlshnu named a few of Lhem
?ama (8esLralnlng asslon) 1hls parLlcular ausLerlLy comprlses of Len vlrLues Cellbacy
lorglveness MedlLaLlon 1ruLhfulness PonesLy nonvlolence noL sLeallng CenLleness and Self
conLrol
nlyama (ually 8ouLlne) 1hls ausLerlLy sLresses Lhe lmporLance of purlLy boLh of Lhe body as
well as of Lhe mlnd lL comprlses of Lhe followlng acLlvlLles baLhlng dally conLemplaLlon
observlng fasL performlng oblaLlons self sLudy absLlnence penance avoldlng anger belng
respecLful Lowards Leacher and purlLy
MahasanLapan vraLa 1hls parLlcular ausLerlLy comprlses of speclflc rlLuals relaLed wlLh Lhe usage
of anchagavya (a mlxLure of cow mllk curd ghee cow urlne and cow dung) Cn Lhe flrsL day
of Lhe ausLerlLy a devoLee should have only mllk on Lhe second day curd on Lhe Lhlrd day ghee
on Lhe fourLh day gomuLra (cow urlne) on Lhe flfLh day gomaya (cow dung) on Lhe slxLh day he
should llve only on kushodak (drlnklng waLer from a vessel ln whlch kusha grass have been
kepL) and on Lhe lasL day of Lhe ausLerlLy he should observe compleLe fasL
arna krlchchha vraLa SeparaLe soluLlons of alash (8uLea frondosa) Cular (llcus
glomeraLa) kamal ( loLus) and 8ael Lree (wood apple) are prepared afLer bolllng Lhe leaves of
respecLlve vegeLaLlon menLloned above Cn Lhe flrsL day of Lhe ausLerlLy a devoLee should have
only alash soluLlon whlle on Lhe second day he should have Cular soluLlon Cn Lhe Lhlrd day
he should have kamal soluLlon whlle on Lhe fourLh day he should llve only on 8ael soluLlon
Cn Lhe flfLh day of Lhe ausLerlLy he should llve only on kusha grass soluLlon and noLhlng else
1hls ls Lhe manner ln whlch Lhe ausLerlLy of arnakrlchchha vraLa ls observed
1apLa krlchchha vraLa A person observlng Lhls ausLerlLy should begln by havlng hoL mllk on Lhe
flrsL day followed by Lepld ghee and lukewarm waLer on Lhe second and Lhlrd day respecLlvely
Pe should observe a compleLe fasL on Lhe fourLh day
ad krlchchha vraLa 1hls parLlcular ausLerlLy lasLs for four days Cn Lhe flrsL day a devoLee
should observe LkabhakLa vraLa (havlng food only once a day ln Lhe noon) Cn Lhe second day
he should observe nakLa vraLa (havlng food only once a day ln Lhe nlghL) Cn Lhe Lhlrd day he
should break hls fasL by havlng whaLever ls avallable wlLh hlm because anyLhlng LhaL has been
provlded by oLhers ls sLrlcLly prohlblLed Pe should observe a LoLal fasL on Lhe fourLh day When a
devoLee observes Lhese cycles of ausLerlLy for Lhree Llmes Lhen lL ls called ra[apaLya krlchchhra
vraLa
ALl krlchchha vraLa 8lLuals of Lhls ausLerlLy ls more or less slmllar Lo LhaL of ra[apaLya
krlchchhra vraLa wlLh a sllghL dlfference here fasL ls broken wlLh a handful of cooked food
When Lhls parLlcular rlLual ls observed for four days Lhen lL ls called ALlkrlchchha vraLakrlchchha
ALlkrlchha vraLa Cbservlng Lhe rlLuals of ALlkrlchchha vraLa for LwenLyone days
llvlng only on mllk and waLer ls called krlchchhakrlchha vraLa
arak vraLa Cbservlng compleLe fasL for Lwelve conLlnuous days ls called arak vraLa
Chandrayan vraLa lLs an lmporLanL ausLerlLy lasLlng for a monLh whlch commences on llrsL day
of Lhe brlghL half of a monLh by observlng fasL for Lhe whole day and breaklng lL ln Lhe nlghL wlLh
one morsel of food Cn Lhe nexL day le dwlLlya one morsel of food ls lncreased whlch means
LhaL lnsLead of one morsel of food now Lwo morsels are Laken 1hls way one morsel of food ls
lncreased on each of Lhe followlng days Llll Lhe fourLeenLh day (chaLurdashl) when Lhe fasL ls
broken by havlng fourLeen morsels of food A LoLal fasL ls observed on Amavasya (dark moon)
Cn Lhe nexL day le flrsL day of Lhe dark half of Lhe monLh one morsel ls decreased whlch means
LhaL Lhe devoLee should break hls fasL wlLh LhlrLeen morsels of food 1hls way one morsel ls
decreased on each successlve day Llll chaLurdashl when a devoLee breaks hls fasL by havlng only
one morsel of food 1hls ls Lhe way how a Chandrayan vraLa should be observed
Anang 1rayodashl vraLa 1hls ausLerlLy ls relaLed wlLh Lhe worshlp of Lord Shlva and
commences on Lhe LhlrLeenLh day of Lhe brlghL half of Lhe Plndu monLh Margashlrsh and lasLs for
a year lL concludes exacLly afLer a year when 8aLl and Anang are worshlpped wlLh approprlaLe
rlLuals 1en Lhousand offerlngs are made ln Lhe sacrlflclal flre 8rahmlns are fed and donaLlons
made Lo Lhem Cne who observes Lhls ausLerlLy ls blessed wlLh healLh wealLh and good forLune
Akhand uwadashl vraLa 1hls ausLerlLy ls relaLed wlLh Lhe worshlp of Lord vlshnu lL
commences on Lhe LwelfLh day of Lhe brlghL half of Lhe Plndu monLh Margashlrsh and lasLs for a
year conslsLlng of Lhree phases Cne lmporLanL characLerlsLlc of Lhls ausLerlLy ls LhaL afLer four
monLhs whlch ls Lhe flrsL phase of Lhe ausLerlLy flve vessels fllled wlLh foodgralns are donaLed
Lo 8rahmlns ln Lhe second phase of Lhe ausLerlLy conslsLlng of four monLhs and commenclng
from Lhe Plndu monLh ChalLra poLs fllled wlLh parched grams are donaLed Lo 8rahmlns
Slmllarly ln Lhe Lhlrd and flnal phase of Lhe ausLerlLy poLs fllled wlLh ghee are donaLed Lo
8rahmlns
Shlva 8aLrl vraLa 1hls ausLerlLy ls relaLed wlLh Lhe worshlp of Lord Shlva and a fasL ls observed
on Lhe fourLeenLh day of Lhe dark half of Lhe Plndu monLh lalgun A devoLee should observe fasL
ln Lhe nlghL and worshlp Lord Shlva by chanLlng Cm namah Shlvay Pe should perform havan
wlLh black sesame seeds and worshlp Lord Shlva aL mldnlghL ln Lhe Lhlrd and Lhe fourLh prahar
(one prahar equals Lhree hour) wlLh approprlaLe rlLuals Cne who observes fasL on Lhls day geLs all
hls wlshes fulfllled and aLLalns salvaLlon as well A devoLee who observes Shlva 8aLrl fasL for
Lwelve successlve years acqulres knowledge wealLh success and happlness Such a man also
aLLalns Lo Shlva loka afLer hls deaLh
vl81uLS Cl C8SL8vlnC lAS1 Cn SPlvA 8A18l
nlCP1
uurlng anclenL Llmes Lhere llved a hunLer named Sundarsen ln Lhe provlnce of Arbuda Cne day
he wenL deep lnLo Lhe foresL ln search of hls prey buL unforLunaLely he found none Pe wandered all
over Lhe place buL ln valn When evenlng came he cllmbed up a wood apple (8ael) Lree Lo
proLecL hlmself from Lhe wlld anlmals Sundarsen was worrled LhaL hls famlly would have
noLhlng Lo eaL LhaL nlghL Lngrossed ln hls conLemplaLlve mood he kepL on plucklng leaves from
Lhe 8ael Lree and Lhrowlng Lhem down 1here was a Shlvallnga [usL under Lhe Lree and Lhe
leaves whlch Sundarsen Lhrew fell down on lL
nexL mornlng whlle Sundarsen was cllmblng down Lhe Lree hls arrow fell down Whlle plcklng
up hls arrow he Louched Lhe Shlvallnga Sundarsen was unaware of Lhe facL LhaL lL was ShlvaraLrl
nlghL and he had worshlped Lord Shlva wlLh approprlaLe rlLuals albelL lnadverLenLlyhe had
offered 8llva paLra Lo Lord Shlva and had Louched Lhe Shlvallnga Pe aLLalned Lo Shlva loka on
accounL of Lhe vlrLues aLLalned by hls lnadverLenL worshlp of Lord Shlva
1PL CWL8 Cl CPAS1l1?
Cnce sage vyasa wenL Lo 8rahmaloka Lo geL hls doubLs cleared on cerLaln splrlLual maLLers from
Lord 8rahma Whlle dwelllng on a wlde range of rellglous Loplcs such as lmporLance of
ausLerlLles and varlous lncarnaLlons Lord vlshnu Look Lo proLecL rlghLeousness Lord 8rahma
narraLed a Lale of a 8rahmln woman who possessed dlvlne powers on accounL of her chasLlLy
Lord 8rahma salduurlng anclenL Llmes Lhere llved a 8rahmln named kaushlk ln
raLlshLhanpur nagar Pe was lnfllcLed wlLh leprosy buL sLlll hls wlfe was very chasLe and falLhful
Lowards hlm Pls wlfe used Lo be on her Loes aLLendlng Lo all hls demands and looklng afLer all
hls requlremenLs 8uL sLlll he used Lo scold and abuse hls wlfe aL Lhe flrsL glven opporLunlLy
wlLhouL any rhyme or reason Powever hls wlfe dld noL mlnd hls behavlour undersLandlng qulLe
well Lhe frusLraLlons of a man sufferlng from dreaded dlsease llke leprosy
Cne day someLhlng happened whlch made kaushlk exLremely angry and ln a flL of rage he made
an lmposslble demand Lhlnklng LhaL hls wlfe would never comply by lL glvlng hlm an opporLunlLy
Lo curse her Lo Lhe saLlsfacLlon of hls hearL ShouLlng angrlly aL hls wlfe kaushlk sald Age has
sLarLed showlng effecL on you ?ou donL look beauLlful as before ?ou have also sLarLed
neglecLlng me 1ake me Lo a beauLlful prosLlLuLe so LhaL l can saLlsfy my sexual urge
kaushlks wlfe was deeply hurL by hls rude and unfalr remarks buL she remalned cool and calm
8elng a chasLe and falLhful wlfe she had no opLlon buL Lo obey her husbands command So she
lefL for a prosLlLuLes house carrylng kaushlk on her shoulders
1he prosLlLuLes house was far and lL became dark whlle Lhey were sLlll on Lhe way 8ecause of
darkness kaushlks wlfe could noL see sage Mandavya who ln splLe of hls lnnocence was glven
a severe punlshmenL by Lhe klng he had been made Lo slL on a polnLed cone whlch afLer havlng
peneLraLed Lhrough hls body had plerced even hls skull 8uL belng a greaL sage Mandavya was
engrossed ln hls medlLaLlon even ln such a palnful physlcal condlLlon unforLunaLely kaushlks
feeL whlch were hanglng down Lhe shoulders of hls wlfe Louched Mandavyas body Mandavyas
medlLaLlon was dlsLurbed and he came ouL from hls medlLaLlve level As a resulL he became
consclous of hls unbearable physlcal paln and cursed LhaL whoever had dlsLurbed hls medlLaLlon
would noL llve Lo see Lhe nexL daykaushlk dled Lhe nexL day buL hls wlfe who had full confldence ln her
power of chasLlLy knew
LhaL her husband would be allve once agaln She cursed angrlly Mandavya has a
mlsconcepLlon abouL hls power Pe Lhlnks LhaL only he can conLrol Lhe naLural phenomena buL
perhaps he does noL know whaL feaLs a chasLe woman ls capable of performlng lLs my command
Lo Lhe Sun noL Lo rlse from Lomorrow onwards
And lndeed Lhe Sun sLopped rlslng from Lhe nexL mornlng leadlng Lo caLasLrophlc fallouL
LveryLhlng wenL haywlre ln Lhe world whlch made Lhe delLles exLremely worrled 1hey came Lo
me (Lord 8rahma) wlLh a requesL Lo reveal why Sun had sLopped rlslng l Lold Lhem LhaL lL was all
due Lo Lhe curse of a chasLe woman and Lhen l narraLed Lhe whole sLory l revealed Lo Lhem LhaL
nobody excepL SaLl Anusuya was capable of brlnglng back order ln Lhe world l advlsed Lhem Lo
seek Lhe help of SaLl Anusuya who was famous for her excepLlonal chasLlLy So all Lhe delLles
wenL Lo SaLl Anusuya and requesLed her Lo make Lhe Sun rlse so LhaL everyLhlng became orderly
ln Lhe world once agaln SaLl Anusuya agreed Lo lend her help ln brlnglng back normalcy ln Lhe
world She by Lhe vlrLue of her chasLlLy noL only made Lhe Sun rlse dally buL also made dead
kaushlk allve once agaln Such ls Lhe power commanded by a woman pracLlclng Lhe ausLerlLy of
chasLlLy 1here are numerous examples of such women famous for Lhelr chasLlLy and SlLa was
one of Lhem
vlll 1PL 1ALL Cl 8AMA?AnA
Lord 8rahma Lhen wenL on Lo descrlbe Lhe famous Lale of 8amayana Lhe mere llsLenlng Lo whlch
absolves a man from all hls slns Pe began by glvlng Lhe deLalls of Srl 8ams llneage and saldl
(Lord 8rahma) manlfesLed from Lhe LoLus orlglnaLlng from Lhe navel of Lord vlshnu Sage
Marlch manlfesLed from me whlle kashyap was Marlchs son Surya manlfesLed from kashyap
valvaswaLManu from Surya and lkshavaku was born Lo valvaswaLManu 1he greaL klng
8aghu was also Lhe descendanL of lkshavaku 8aghus son was A[a whose son was uasharaLh
uasharaLh had Lhree queenskaushalya kalkeyl and SumlLra kaushalya gave blrLh Lo Srl 8am
whlle kalkeyl was Lhe moLher of 8haraLa SumlLra had Lwo sonsLakshman and ShaLrughan
Srl 8am had greaL devoLlon Lowards hls parenLs Sage vlshwamlLra who was LormenLed by Lhe
demons Look Srl 8am and Lakshman along wlLh hlm so LhaL he could do hls penance peacefully
Pe assured uashraLh LhaL he would make boLh hls sons proflclenL ln all Lhe scrlpLures as well as
ln Lhe usage of varlous weapons WlLh greaL relucLance uasharaLh allowed Srl 8am and
Lakshman Lo go along wlLh vlshwamlLra
Cnce ln Lhe foresL Srl 8am assured hls Curu Lo do hls penance wlLhouL boLherlng abouL Lhe
demons vlshwamlLra commenced hls penance and Srl 8am kllled all Lhe demons Lrylng Lo
dlsLurb hlm 1he names of few demons kllled by Srl 8am were 1adaka Subahu eLc
!anaka Lhe faLher of SlLa had organlzed a grand Swayamvar ceremony Lo whlch he had lnvlLed
all Lhe promlnenL klngs of LhaL Llme Pe had also senL lnvlLaLlon Lo vlshwamlLra vlshwamlLra seL
ouL for !anakapur accompanled by Srl 8am and Lakshman!anaka had a huge bow glfLed Lo hlm by Lord
Shlva and whlch he worshlpped dally wlLh
approprlaLe rlLual Cnce durlng Lhe process of cleanlng Lhe area where Shlvas bow was kepL SlLa
llfLed Lhe bow and kepL lL a dlsLance LaLer on she forgoL Lo keep lL back aL Lhe orlglnal place
When !anaka came Lo worshlp Lhe bow he was surprlsed Lo flnd lL Lo be kepL aL a dlfferenL place
Pe made an lnqulry and SlLa confessed LhaL she had kepL lL whlle cleanlng Lhe place of worshlp
!anaka [usL could noL belleve LhaL hls Lender looklng daughLer possessed such sLrengLh and power
no wonder he declded Lo glve SlLas hand ln marrlage Lo such a man who could break Shlvas
bow So he made a declaraLlon LhaL anybody capable of breaklng Shlvas bow could have SlLa as
hls wlfe
1here were many mlghLy warrlors presenL aL Lhe Swayamvar ceremony buL none had Lhe
sLrengLh Lo even llfL Lhe bow whaL Lo say abouL breaklng lL llnally as Lhe desLlny would have
llked lL Srl 8am broke Lhe bow lnLo Lhree pleces and Lhus marrled SlLa Lakshman marrled
urmlla anoLher daughLer of uasharaLh whlle 8haraLa and ShaLrughan marrled Mandavl and
keerLlmayl respecLlvely boLh daughLers of klng kushadhwa[a
LaLer on when uasharaLh declded Lo crown Srl 8am as Lhe klng of Ayodhya kalkeyl played a
spollsporL and demanded her son8haraLa Lo be made Lhe klng of Ayodhya and Srl 8am Lo be
senL lnLo exlle for fourLeen years AcLually kalkeyl had Laken undue advanLage of uasharaLhs
helpless condlLlon Lo serve her own lnLeresL Cnce uasharaLh was busy flghLlng a baLLle obllvlous
of Lhe facL LhaL one of Lhe wheels of Lhe charloL was abouL Lo e[ecL from lLs axle as Lhe nall
supporLlng lL had fallen off kalkeyl who was also accompanylng hlm saved hls llfe by
prevenLlng Lhe wheel from falllng off and Lhus malnLalnlng Lhe balance of Lhe charloL When
uasharaLh learnL how kalkeyl had saved hls llfe he promlsed Lo granL her Lwo boons AL LhaL Llme
kalkeyl dld noL ask for any Lhlng and merely sald LhaL she would demand aL Lhe approprlaLe Llme
So when Lhe Llme for 8ams coronaLlon came she LhoughL lL was Lhe besL opporLunlLy for her Lo
remlnd uasharaLh abouL Lhe Lwo boons he had promlsed Lo granL her
uasharaLh bound by hls deep love for Srl 8am on Lhe one hand and by hls vow on Lhe oLher
agreed Lo kalkeyls demand wlLh a heavy hearL Srl 8am wlLhouL any heslLaLlon followed hls
faLhers order and lefL for Lhe foresL Pow could have SlLa and Lakshman llved wlLhouL hlm? So
Lhey Loo accompanled hlm Lo Lhe foresL ln course of hls [ourney Srl 8am passed by many holy
places and flnally afLer reachlng ChlLrakooL he made a arna kuLl (hermlLage made of leaves)
and sLarLed llvlng Lhere
1he shock caused by Srl 8ams separaLlon proved Lo be faLal for uasharaLh who dled wlLh an
unfulfllled deslre of havlng a gllmpse of hls dearesL son 8haraLa who aL LhaL Llme was aL hls
maLernal uncles place reLurned Lo Ayodhya afLer hearlng Lhe news of hls faLhers demlse and
performed hls lasL rlLes Pe Lhen wenL Lo ChlLrakooL and Lrled hls level besL Lo convlnce Srl 8am
lnLo reLurnlng back Lo Ayodhya 8uL Srl 8am dld noL agree as lL was agalnsL hls prlnclple Lo
dlsobey Lhe commands of hls faLher Srl 8am gave hls palr of wooden sandals Lo 8haraLa as a
Loken of love and requesLed hlm Lo reLurn Lo Ayodhya 8haraLa reLurned Lo Ayodhya and kepL Srl
8ams sandals on Lhe Lhrone Pe Lhen sLaLloned hlmself aL nandlgram a clLy slLuaLed aL Lhe
ouLsklrLs of Ayodhya and sLarLed rullng from Lhere on behalf of hls elder broLher Pe had vowed
noL Lo reLurn Lo Ayodhya Llll Lhe compleLlon of Srl 8ams perlod of exlle lrom ChlLrakooL Srl 8am
reached uandakaranya accompanled by SlLa and Lakshman and
sLarLed llvlng ln a hermlLage made of leaves 1here Lhey also meL promlnenL sages llke ALrl and
AgasLya Cnce an ogress named Surpanakha (8avans slsLer) aLLacked Srl 8am buL Lakshman
reLallaLed by severlng boLh her ears as well as her nose Surpanakha badly ln[ured and bleedlng
profusely wenL Lo khardushan and narraLed her woeful Lale khardushan aLLacked Srl 8am wlLh a
huge army conslsLlng of fourLeen Lhousand soldlers buL losL all hls men ln Lhe baLLle
1he revengeful 8avan wenL Lo Lhe hermlLage dlsgulsed as a hermlL and abducLed SlLa whlle Srl
8am was away ln pursulL of MarlchLhe golden deer AcLually Marlch was a demon who had
dlsgulsed hlmself as a golden deer on Lhe lnsLrucLlon of 8avan so LhaL SlLa could be abducLed
successfully 8avan knew qulLe well LhaL lL was lmposslble for hlm Lo abducL SlLa ln Lhe presence
of Srl 8am So he haLched a plan accordlng Lo whlch Marlch was Lo dlsgulse hlmself as a golden
deer and enchanL SlLa 8avan was sure LhaL SlLa afLer belng enchanLed by Lhe beauLy of Lhe golden
deer would ask her husband Lo geL lL aL any cosL LveryLhlng happened as per Lhe plan of 8avan
and he was successful ln abducLlng SlLa
When Srl 8am dld noL flnd SlLa ln Lhe hermlLage he became worrled and sLarLed searchlng for her
franLlcally Cn Lhe way he meL old !aLayu who had goL ln[ured whlle Lrylng Lo reslsL 8avan from
Laklng away SlLa !aLayu lnformed hlm LhaL 8avan had Laken SlLa Lowards souLh !aLayu was so
badly ln[ured LhaL he dled soon afLer glvlng SlLas lnformaLlon Lo Srl 8am Srl 8am performed hls
lasL rlLes and conLlnued wlLh hls search Pe proceeded Lowards souLh as per Lhe lnsLrucLlons of
!aLayu and reached 8lshyamook mounLaln where he meL Sugrlva whom he befrlended Pe
kllled 8all who harboured enemlLy agalnsL hls broLher Sugrlva Pe Lhen made Sugrlva Lhe klng
of klshklndha and hlmself wenL Lo llve aL 8lshyamook mounLaln
Sugrlva senL monkeys ln all dlrecLlons Lo flnd ouL SlLas whereabouLs Panuman wenL Lowards
souLh and wlLh Lhe help of SampaLl managed Lo flnd ouL Lhe exacL locaLlon where 8avan had kepL
SlLa Panuman Look a glanL leap and Lhe nexL momenL he found hlmself on Lhe oLher slde of Lhe
ocean Pe wenL Lo Ashok vaLlka where 8avan had kepL SlLa ln capLlvlLy Pe presenLed Lhe rlng
Lo her whlch Srl 8am had glven hlm SlLa ln Lurn gave her Chudamanl (ornamenL) and
requesLed hlm Lo glve lL Lo Srl 8am !umplng from one branch Lo anoLher hungry Panuman aLe
all Lhe frulLs and ln Lhe process desLroyed Lhe beauLlful garden When 8avan came Lo know abouL
Lhe desLrucLlon caused ln Lhe beauLlful garden of Ashok vaLlka he senL many demons Lo capLure
Panuman 8uL all of Lhem were kllled lncludlng Akshay kumar 8avans son ulLlmaLely
Panuman was made capLlve by Meghanad and produced before 8avan who ordered hls Lall Lo be
seL ablaze as a punlshmenL Panuman wlLh hls Lall ablaze [umped from one palace Lo anoLher
and burnL Lhe golden clLy of Lanka wlLhln no Llme Pe Lhen reLurned Lo hls masLer Srl 8am and
descrlbed everyLhlng ln deLall
llnally Srl 8am aLLacked Lanka wlLh a huge army comprlslng of mlghLy warrlors llke Panuman
Sugrlva Angad and many oLhers A flerce baLLle Look place ln whlch all Lhe demons lncludlng
8avan were kllled 1he vlcLorlous Srl 8am reLurned Lo Ayodhya along wlLh hls consorL SlLa 1he
resldenLs of Ayodhya danced ln [oy aL Lhe reLurn of Lhelr prodlglous son Srl 8am ruled over
Ayodhya for eleven Lhousand years llnally he ascended Lo Lhe heaven Laklng along all Lhe
people of Ayodhya wlLh hlm buL before dolng LhaL he appolnLed Lav and kushhls sons as hls
successors lx SP8l k8lSPnA
Maklng a revelaLlon Lo vyasa LhaL Lhe AlmlghLy Cod manlfesLs hlmself whenever Lhe clvlllzaLlon
ls endangered by Lhe domlnance of slnners Lord 8rahma sald ln uwapar yuga Lord vlshnu
lncarnaLed as Srl krlshna Lo proLecL uharma from belng sub[ugaLed by Adharma whlch had
become all pervaslve aL LhaL Llme Pe was born Lo vasudev and uevakl 8oLh hls parenLs had
been kepL under capLlvlLy by kansa who was aware of Lhe prophesy LhaL he would be kllled by
uevakls elghLh son ln due course of Llme uevakl gave blrLh Lo seven sons all of whom were
mercllessly kllled by kansa one by one ln order Lo proLecL Lhe llfe of Srl krlshna Lhe elghLh
chlld born Lo uevakl vasudev exchanged hlm wlLh Lhe baby glrl born Lo ?ashoda and nand
vasudev had no problem ln movlng ouL of Lhe prlson as krlshna by hls dlvlne power lnduced all
Lhe guards Lo sleep
Srl krlshna belng an lncarnaLlon of Lord vlshnu performed greaL feaLs rlghL from hls chlldhood
Cnce kansa senL an ogress named uLna who Lrled Lo klll Srl krlshna by breasLfeedlng hlm
8uL krlshna sucked her breasLs wlLh such feroclLy LhaL uLna meL an lnsLanL deaLh ln due course
of Llme Srl krlshna kllled many more feroclous demons llke ShakaLasur kallya nag
uhenukasur and mesmerlzed Lhe resldenLs of Cokul by hls dlvlne bravery Pe also performed
many oLher dlvlne feaLs llke llfLlng Covardhan mounLaln and performlng 8asLlla wlLh Lhe
Copls Seelng all hls plans of kllllng Srl krlshna go ln valn kansa senL hlm a message
challenglng for a duel foughL wlLh hls courLwresLlers named MushLlk and Chanur Srl krlshna
kllled boLh Lhe dreaded demons wlLhouL much dlfflculLy ulLlmaLely Srl krlshna cllmbed up Lhe
Lhrone slLLlng on whlch 8avan had been waLchlng Lhe wresLllng bouL and pulled hlm down by hls
halr Pe Lhen punched kansa on hls chesL so hard LhaL he dled an lnsLanLaneous deaLh
Pavlng accompllshed hls mosL lmporLanL mlsslon of kllllng Lhe demon klngkansa and llberaLlng
Lhe earLh from hls Lyranny Srl krlshna wenL on Lo compleLe hls educaLlon under Lhe LuLelage of
Sage Sandlpanl uurlng anclenL Llmes lL was cusLomary for a dlsclple Lo offer uakshlna Lo hls
Leacher as a mark of respecL afLer hls educaLlon was compleLe Srl krlshna followlng Lhls
LradlLlon gave an lnvaluable uakshlna Lo hls Curu by brlnglng all hls dead sons allve Lo earLh
from ?amloka
Srl krlshna was subsequenLly crowned as Lhe klng of MaLhura buL on accounL of Lhe relenLless
aLLack by !arasandha he had Lo abandon hls dear clLy and shlfL hls base Lo uwarka Pe had elghL
queens among whom 8ukmlnl and SaLyabhama were promlnenL LaLer on he rescued slxLeen
Lhousand and one hundred women from Lhe capLlvlLy of narakasur and marrled all of Lhem lrom
8ukmlnl he had a son named radyumna who kllled Shambarasur Anlruddha was radyumnas
son and he marrled usha daughLer of 8anasur 8anasur was a greaL devoLee of Lord Shlva and
was blessed wlLh one Lhousand hands
Lord Shlva came Lo hls rescue aL Lhe Llme when he was baLLllng agalnsL Lhe mlghL of Srl krlshna
A flerce baLLle was foughL beLween boLh Lhe delLles whlch remalned lnconcluslve even afLer a
long Llme Lord Shlva Lhen requesLed Srl krlshna Lo spare 8anasurs llfe Lo whlch he agreed
albelL parLlally Srl krlshna severed all Lhe hands of 8anasur barrlng Lwo llnally afLer
accompllshlng hls mlsslon of llberaLlng Lhe earLh from Lhe darkness of sln Srl krlshna lefL for
heavenly abode x 1PL 1ALL Cl MAPA8PA8A1A
Clvlng Lhe reasons LhaL lead Lo Lhe greaL baLLle of MahabharaLa Lord 8rahma Lold sage vyasa
LhaL Srl krlshna had planned Lhls greaL baLLle and execuLed lL Lo perfecLlon Lo relleve Lhe earLh
from Lhe burden of LyranLs Whlle glvlng Lhe names of llneal ascendanLs of kauravas and
andavas he saldl (Lord 8rahma) manlfesLed from Lhe loLus whlch lLself had lLs orlgln ln Lhe
navel of vlshnu ALrl manlfesLed from me whlle Chandra from ALrl 8uddh was born Lo Chandra
whlle he hlmself was Lhe faLher of ururava Ayu was ururavas son whlle he hlmself was Lhe
son of ?ayaLl
1he names of few famous descendanLs of ?ayaLl were 8haraLa kuru and ShanLanu ShanLanu
had Lwo wlves Canga and SaLyavaLl 1he former was Lhe moLher of 8hlshma Lhe lndomlLable
warrlor who had vowed Lo remaln a bachelor LhroughouL hls llfe 1he laLLer le SaLyavaLl gave
blrLh Lo Lwo sons ChlLrangad and vlchlLraveerya A Candharva kllled ChlLrangad whlle
vlchlLraveerya dled lssueless desplLe havlng Lwo wlves Amblka and Amballka (boLh daughLers
of Lhe klng of kashl) ln order Lo expand Lhelr clan boLh Amblka and Amballka begoL one son
each from sage vyasa Amblka gave blrLh Lo uhrlLrashLra whlle Amballka Lo andu 1he same
vyasa also had a son from a mald servanL who became famous as vldur and who was famous for
hls sLaLesmanshlp and LacLfulness
uhrlLrashLra marrled Candharl and begoL one hundred sons from her among whom uuryodhan
was mosL noLorlous 1hese one hundred sons of uhrlLrashLra became famous as kauravas andu
had Lwo wlves kunLl and Madrl from whom he begoL flve sons?udhlsLhlra 8hlma Ar[un
nakul and Sahdev who all grew up Lo be very powerful and mlghLy All flve of Lhem became
famous as andavas andu Lhelr faLher had dled whlle Lhey were sLlll young and Madrl unable
Lo bear Lhe sorrow had glven up her llfe by [umplng lnLo Lhe burnlng pyre of her dead husband
So Lhe andavas were broughL up under Lhe guardlanshlp of kunLl
kauravas and andavas were blLLer rlvals rlghL from Lhelr chlldhood uuryodhan never mlssed a
chance Lo LormenL Lhe andavas hls couslns 8oLh kauravas and andavas were broughL up
under Lhe LuLelage of krlpacharya and uronacharya boLh promlnenL scholars of Lhelr Llmes
Cnce uuryodhan Lrled Lo klll 8hlma by polsonlng hlm buL forLunaLely 8hlma noL only came ouL
unscaLhed buL also wlLh renewed sLrengLh and vlgour uuryodhan Lrled hls luck for Lhe second
Llme Lo ellmlnaLe hls enemles by seLLlng ablaze Lhe house of wax ln whlch andavas were llvlng
buL once agaln Lhey came ouL unharmed andavas Lhen wenL Lo Lkchakra nagar and Look
refuge ln Lhe house of a 8rahmln famlly A demon named 8aka used Lo LormenL Lhe people of
Lkchakra nagar 8hlma kllled LhaL demon and Lhe people were relleved aL Lhe news of Lhelr
LormenLors deaLh 1hereafLer andavas wenL Lo aLLend Lhe Swayamvar ceremony of uraupadl
Ar[un won uraupadl as hls wlfe by plerclng Lhe eye of Lhe flsh hanged above hls head by looklng
aL lLs lmage ln Lhe waLerpoL kepL below
AL Lhe lnslsLence of uronacharya and 8hlshma ?udhlsLhlra relucLanLly agreed Lo share half of
hls klngdom wlLh Lhe andavas 1hus andavas sLarLed llvlng aL lndraprashLh Lhe caplLal of Lhelr
newly acqulred klngdom Ar[una marrled Subhadra hls second wlfe and Lhe slsLer of Srl krlshna Pe
pleased Agnl uev by
hls ausLere penance and recelved dlvlne weapons llke a dlvlne charloL Candlv (bow)
lmperlshable arrows and an lmpeneLrable shleld AfLer belng armed wlLh Lhese dlvlne weapons he
successfully defeaLed many powerful monarchles and gave Lhe whole acqulred wealLh Lo
?udhlsLhlra hls elder broLher
uhrlLhrashLra lnvlLed ?udhlsLhlra for a game of uyuLa (gamble) buL uuryodhan defeaLed hlm by
employlng unfalr and decelLful LacLlcs wlLh Lhe acLlve connlvance of Shakunl hls cunnlng
maLernal uncle ?udhlsLhlra losL everyLhlng ln Lhe gamble hls whole wealLh hls klngdom and
even uraupadl andavas had Lo go lnLo exlle for Lwelve years wlLh an addlLlonal year of
AgyaLwas (Lhey were noL supposed Lo be recognlzed durlng Lhls perlod) as per Lhe Lerms and
condlLlons lald down for Lhe game
AfLer compleLlng Lhelr LoLal perlod of exlle andavas reached vlraL nagar Lo spend Lhelr year of
AgyaLwas whlch posed more dangers and challenges because lf Lhey were recognlzed durlng
Lhls perlod lL would have meanL anoLher Lwelve years of exlle for Lhem
Pavlng successfully compleLed Lhelr perlod of exlle andavas demanded back Lhelr klngdom
buL uuryodhan was noL even wllllng Lo parL away wlLh flve vlllages 1hus andavas were lefL
wlLh no opLlon buL Lo flghL for Lhelr leglLlmaLe rlghLs 8oLh Lhe rlval armles boasLed of mlghLy and
brave warrlors on Lhelr sldes
uuryodhan appolnLed 8hlshma as Lhe chlef commander of hls army whereas Shlkhandl was
leadlng andavas army 1he flrsL Len days of Lhe baLLle saw a flerce flghL beLween boLh Lhe rlval
armles durlng whlch perlod many warrlors from each slde achleved marLyrdom llnally whlle
8hlshma lay down ln[ured hls whole body plerced wlLh Ar[unas arrows buL sLlll allve because
he had recelved a boon of lccha MrlLyu (deaLh by hls cholce) promlnenL warrlors from boLh
sldes sLood around hlm lL was only afLer Lhe Sun came norLh of equlnox (uLLarayan) Lhe
ausplclous Llme 8hlshma had chosen Lo leave hls morLal body LhaL he dled afLer preachlng Lhe
andavas on wlde range of sub[ecLs
AfLer 8hlshmas deaLh uronacharya led Lhe kauravas army 1hls was Lhe mosL cruclal phase of
Lhe baLLle uronacharya had become so demorallzed afLer hls sons deaLh LhaL he had [usL no
moLlvaLlon lefL ln hlm Lo flghL Lhe baLLle llndlng an opporLune momenL uhrlshLadyumna severed
hls head and kauravas Lhus losL Lhelr mosL able and experlenced commander
uuryodhan appolnLed karna as Lhe nexL commander of kauravas army 1he mosL declslve phase
of Lhe baLLle began and afLer a flerce baLLle of Lwo days Ar[una managed Lo klll hls brave rlval
SubsequenLly ?udhlsLhlra kllled Shalya
AfLer looslng all hls mlghLy warrlors uuryodhana ln a flL of rage challenged 8hlma for a duel of
mace 8hlma kllled hlm afLer a flerce flghL 1he revengeful AshwaLLhama son of uronacharya
aLLacked Lhe andavas camp aL nlghL much agalnsL Lhe norms of baLLle and kllled all Lhe flve
sons of uraupadl and Lhousand of oLher andava soldlers Ar[una avenged Lhe deaLh of hls sons
by defeaLlng AshwaLLhama and exLracLlng Lhe dlamond seL ln hls foreheadAfLer Lhe baLLle ended
?udhlsLhlra performed Lhe rlLuals of Shraddh ln Lhe name of all Lhe dead
warrlors and ascended Lhe Lhrone Pe ruled ln a [usL manner [usL accordlng Lo Lhe lnsLrucLlons
glven by 8hlshma AfLer Srl krlshna lefL Lhls morLal world ?udhlsLhlra appolnLed arlkshlL as
hls successor and lefL for Plmalaya accompanled by hls broLhers as well as uraupadl
xl 1PL L1L8nAL 18u1P
Lord 8rahma whlle sheddlng llghL on varlous aspecLs of rellglon Lold sage vyasa LhaL a man
should look aL hls sorrows (shoka) wlLh a sense of aloofness and deLachmenL conslderlng lL as a
passlng phase Pe also revealed Lo vyasa LhaL Lhe flre of sorrow consumed everyLhlng LhaL came
lnLo lLs fold and noLhlng remalned unLouched by lL A sorrowful man becomes berefL of all hls
possesslonsknowledge rellglon physlcal sLrengLh paLlence happlness and all such quallLles
Lord 8rahma also Lold hlm LhaL vlrLuous deeds never wenL wlLhouL belng rewarded as all good
Lhlngs en[oyed by a man ln hls llfe are noLhlng buL Lhe resulL of hls vlrLuous pasL karmas Cn Lhe
conLrary slnful deeds commlLLed by a man makes hls presenL as well as hls fuLure blrLhs
mlserable lurLher glorlfylng Lhe vlrLues of some oLher good deeds Lord 8rahma sald
roLecLlng Lhe llfe of a person whose llfe ls endangered and who has soughL ones refuge ls Lhe
greaLesL vlrLue and no oLher deed can be compared wlLh lL Cne who sheds hls llfe Lo proLecL hls
rellglon aLLalns Lo heaven
A conLenLed man en[oys even hls adverslLles and remalns unperLurbed by Lhem A man should
never mlss a chance Lo geL beneflLed by Lhe company of enllghLened souls because lL glves hlm
an opporLunlLy Lo undersLand rellglon ln a beLLer way uonaLlng food begeLs lncomparable vlrLues
and no oLher vlrLuous deed sLands anywhere near lL
Lord 8rahma concluded by descrlblng SanaLan uharma ln a nuLshell and sald Anybody
observlng Lhe followlng ausLerlLles should be consldered an ardenL follower of SanaLan uharma
LruLh penance selfconLrol purlLy forglveness compasslon knowledge and donaLlon
1PL Su8LML ?CCA
Cnce Sage Shaunak asked SuL[l abouL Lhe reasons behlnd mans sorrow SuL[l Lold hlm LhaL mans
ego and hls aLLachmenLs Lo Lhls morLal world were Lhe Lwo mosL lmporLanL causes for hls sorrow
and unLll he geLs rld of Lhem he wlll conLlnue Lo suffer SuL[l sald 1he Lree of lgnorance sprouLs
from Lhe seed of egoLlsm and lL recelves lLs nuLrlLlon from sensual pleasures Cnly Lhose who
possess Lhe axe of knowledge are successful ln felllng Lhls Lree of lgnorance and experlence Lhe
ecsLasy of ulvlne bllss Cnce a man has experlenced Lhls dlvlne bllss he noL only becomes free
from all klnds of sorrow buL ls also freed from Lhe cycles of blrLh deaLh and reblrLh 1hls dlvlne
llnk whlch a man esLabllshes wlLh Lhe AlmlghLy ls called Mahayoga (Lhe supreme ?oga) 8uL
Lhose unforLunaLe people who have noL experlenced Lhls dlvlne bllss conLlnue Lo geL Lrapped by
Lhe worldly llluslons leadlng Lo Lhelr counLless blrLhs and deaLhs SuL[l Lhen wenL on Lo descrlbe Lhe
means by whlch a man can have a pure hearL and sald
AusLerlLles llke medlLaLlon worshlp fasLs oblaLlons charlLy eLc cerLalnly helps a man ln
geLLlng rld of all klnds of lmpurlLles
uLvC1lCn1PL A1P LLAulnC 1C ALMlCP1?
Clorlfylng devoLlon as Lhe slmplesL means Lo reach Cod SuL[l Lold Shaunak LhaL Lhere was
noLhlng else LhaL pleased Cod more Lhan Lhe unfllnchlng devoLlon of hls devoLee ln hlm SuL[l
sald A devoLee who chanLs Lhe holy name of Cod acqulres lmperlshable vlrLues and aLLalns
salvaLlon even lf he were a lowly slnner Cne who has surrendered hlmself Lo Lhe wlll of Cod ls
absolved of all hls slns Lven ?amara[ 1he lord of deaLh has sLrlcLly lnsLrucLed hls escorLs Lo
spare Lhose who are devoLees of Lord vlshnu Lord vlshnu hlmself has declared LhaL anybody
havlng LoLal devoLlon ln hlm should be consldered as Lhe mosL vlrLuous soul even lf he had
commlLLed Lhe mosL helnous of slns
lurLher halllng Lhe glory of chanLlng Lord vlshnus name SuL[l sald 1he mere chanLlng of Lord
vlshnus name ln kall yuga brlngs Lhe same vlrLue whaL Lhe comblned vlrLues of medlLaLlng on
hlm durlng SaLya yuga chanLlng hls sacred manLras durlng 1reLa yuga and worshlpplng hlm
durlng uwapar yuga broughL A devoLee who has noLhlng buL Lhe sacred name of Lord vlshnu
on hls llps ls cerLaln Lo aLLaln Lo vlshnuloka afLer becomlng free from Lhe bondage of Lhls world
ChanLlng Lhe dlvlne name of vlshnu even ln dreams ls belleved Lo absolve a man of all hls slns
Lhen whaL Lo say abouL people who consclously chanL hls holy name whlle Lhey are awake
1hus SuL[l Lold Sage Shaunak LhaL anybody could aLLaln salvaLlon by slmply havlng LoLal
devoLlon ln Lord vlshnu as lL was Lhe mosL slmplesL paLh leadlng Lo Lhe AlmlghLy
xll 1PL ulvlnL S18C18AS
n8lSlnPA S1C18A
1elllng abouL Lhe orlgln of Lhls sLoLra SuL[l saldLord Shlva had creaLed Lhls sLoLra pralslng Lhe
glory of Lord nrlslnha and lnvoklng hlm Lo proLecL Lhe world from Lhe wraLh of MaLrlkas 1he
sLoLra goes as follows
namasLesLu !agannaLh narslnha vapurdhar
ualLeshwar Lndra Sanharlnakha 8hukLl vlra[lL
nakh Mandal Sambhlnna Pemplngal vlgrah
namosLu admanabhay Shobahanay !agadguro
kalp AnLambho uanlghosh SuryakoLl Samprabha
SahasLra ?am SanLras SahasLrendra arakramSahasLra uhandasfeeL SahasLra CharanaLmaka
SahasLra Chandra raLlm SahasLransu Parlkram
SahasLra 8udra 1e[aska SahasLra 8rahma SansLuL
SahasLra 8udra San[aL SahasLra Aksha nlrlkshana
SahasLra !anma MaLhana SahasLra 8andh Mochan
SahasLra vayu vegasa SahasLra Anga krlpakar
kuLAM8l1 S1C18A
Sage narada once asked Lord Shlva abouL Lhe means by whlch a man could become free from
Lhe deluslons of Lhe world Lord Shlva revealed Lo hlm Lhe conLenLs of kulamrlL sLoLra
euloglzlng Lhe ma[esLy of Lord vlshnu 8y chanLlng Lhls sLoLra narada successfully aLLalned Lo
LhaL supreme sLaLus whlch even Lhe mosL enllghLened souls can only dream of Cne who
euloglzes Lord vlshnu by chanLlng Lhls sLoLra becomes llberaLed from all Lhe bondage of Lhe
world 1he sLoLra goes as follows
?asLu vlshwamana uyanLa Ma[amaLmanl SansLhlLam
Sarvagya Machalam vlshnum Sada uhyayeL Sa MuchyeL
uevam Carbho ChlLam vlshnum Sada uhyayen vlmuchyeL
Asharlram vldhaLaram Sarvagyan ManoraLlm
Achalam Sarvagam vlshnum Sada uhyayen vlmuchyeL
nlrvlkalpam nlrabhasam nlshprapancham nlramayam
vasudevam Curum vlshnum Sada uhyayen vlmuchyeL
SarvaLkam Cha val ?avadaLma ChalLanya 8upakam
Shubham Lkaksharam vlshnum Sada uhyayen vlmuchyeL
vamyaLlLam 1rlkalagyam vlshvesham Loksakshlnam
Sarva SmadyuLam vlshnum Sada uhyayen vlmuchyeL
8rahmadl ueva Candharval Munlbhlh Slddha Charanalh
?oglbhlh SevlLam vlshnum Sada uhyayen vlmuchyeLSansar 8andhanan MukLl Mlchhamleko uhya
SheshaLah
SLuLvalvam varadam vlshnum Sada uhyayen vlmuchyeL
Sansar 8andhanaL kopl MukLl Mlchchhan SamahlLah
AnanL MaLyayam uevam vlshnum vlshva raLlshLhlLlm
vlshveshwar Masaram vlshnum Sada uhyayan vlmuchyeL
M8l1?u ASP1Ak S1C18A
uescrlblng Lhe orlgln of Lhls sLoLra SuL[l sald Lord vlshnu hlmself had LaughL Lhls powerful
sLoLra Lo Sage Markandeya 1he dally chanLlng of Lhls powerful manLra had enabled Markandeya
Lo conquer deaLh Cne who dally chanLs Lhls sLoLra Lhrlce a day en[oys a long llfe and never dles a
premaLure deaLh 1he sLoLra goes as follows
uamodaram rapannosml klnno MrlLyuh karlshyaLl
Shankh Chakra uharam uevam vyakLa 8upln MaLyayam
Adhoksha[am rapannosml klnno MrlLyuh karlshyaLl
varaham vamanam vlshnum narslham !anardanam
Madhavam Cha rapannosml klnno MrlLyuh karlshyaLl
urusham ushkar ksheLrabl[am unyam !agaLpaLlm
LoknaLham rapannosml klnno MrlLyuh karlshyaLl
SahasLra Shlrasam uevam vyakLa 1yakLam SanaLanam
Mahayogam rapannosml klnno MrlLyuh karlshyaLl
8huLaLmanam MahaLmanam ?agyayonl Mayo[lnam
vlshvarupam rapannosml klnno MrlLyuh karlshyaLl
lLyudl 8lLmarkandyam SLoLram 1asya MahaLmanah
lLl 1ena !lLo MrlLyu Markande ?en uhlmLa
rasanne undarlkakshe nrlslnhe nasLl uurlabhamxlll SALvA1lCn 1P8CuCP ?CCA
SuL[l Lold Sage Shaunak LhaL Lhe ulLlmaLe alm of a mans llfe was Lo aLLaln salvaLlon A man can
noL aLLaln salvaLlon unLll and unless he has seen Lhrough Lhe Lrapplngs of Lhe worldly llluslons
SuL[l saldracLlce of ?oga helps a man Lo llve ln Lhls world wlLh a sense of deLachmenL and Lo
successfully avold Lhe alluremenLs of Lhls morLal world ?oga comprlses of slx organs
ranayamaa (8reaLhlng exerclses) !apa (chanLlng) raLyahara (resLralnlng sense organs)
uharana (resoluLlon) uhyana (medlLaLlon) and Samadhl (deep medlLaLlon)
noL runnlng afLer sensual pleasures by havlng self conLrol helps a man ln dlmlnlshlng hls slns
and dlmlnlshmenL of slns pleases Lhe delLles who glve blesslngs 8lesslngs of delLles help a man
Lo aLLaln salvaLlon ranayama an lmporLanL parL of ?oga ls of Lwo LypesCarbha and Agarbha
ranayama done wlLh slmulLaneous chanLlng of a manLra ls called Carbha whereas ln Agarbha
ranayama manLras are noL chanLed
lL ls naLural for a man Lo geL aLLracLed by worldly pleasures and checklng Lhls Lendency of Lhe
mlnd ls called raLyahara lL ls noL easy Lo conLrol Lhe mlnd and concenLraLe on anyLhlng for a
long Llme buL uharana helps a man Lo do LhaL When a man has successfully conLrolled hls
sensual deslres Lhen lL becomes very easy for hlm Lo concenLraLe hls mlnd A concenLraLed mlnd
flnds lL easy Lo medlLaLe When he has masLered medlLaLlon lL ls noL much dlfflculL for hlm Lo
enLer lnLo Lhe deep sLaLe of medlLaLlon le Samadhl ln Lhe sLaLe of Samadhl all sense of
duallsm cease Lo exlsL as one esLabllshes dlvlne llnk wlLh Lhe AlmlghLy whlch helps hlm ln
experlenclng lndescrlbable dlvlne bllss
SLLl 8LALlZA1lCn
Cnce on belng asked by Sage narada abouL Lhe means LhaL helped a man ln aLLalnlng self
reallzaLlon Lord vlshnu Lold hlm LhaL only Lhose prlvlleged few who have undersLood Lhe
lmpermanenL naLure of Lhls world and have successfully conLrolled Lhelr sensual deslres can
aLLaln self reallzaLlon All Lhe mysLerles of Lhls unlverse are unraveled Lo a man of self reallzaLlon
and he aLLalns salvaLlon Lord vlshnu sald lL should be Lhe prlme ob[ecLlve of a man Lo make
lncessanL efforLs so LhaL he can experlence Lhls dlvlne knowledge of self reallzaLlonLhe real
knowledge for every oLher klnd of knowledge ls superflclal and of leasL slgnlflcance
Lord vlshnu wenL on Lo descrlbe how self reallzaLlon could be aLLalned
?adasarve vlmuchyanLe kama ?eshya Prldl SLhlLah
1adamrlL 1wa MapnopaLl !lvanneva na Sanshayah
Meanlng When Lhere ls no deslre lefL ln Lhe hearL Lhen a man ls cerLaln Lo experlence Lhe dlvlne
LasLe of Lhls necLar (self reallzaLlon) ln hls llfe Llme and Lhere ls no doubL abouL lLunravellng Lhe
mysLery of unlverse Lo Sage narada Lord vlshnu sald8rahman ls Lhe cause
behlnd Lhls unlverse and one who has undersLood Lhls facL can be rlghLly called a man of self
reallzaLlon A man belng under Lhe lnfluence of hls sensual percepLlons falsely belleves Lhls
world Lo be real and ls unable Lo undersLand Lhe real cause behlnd Lhe exlsLence of Lhls world
whlch ls noL Lhe case wlLh a man of self reallzaLlon lnsLead of searchlng wlLhouL a man should
seek wlLhln because wlLhln hlm exlsLs Lhe unlverse [usL llke our sense organs percelve Lhem
exLernally 1he whole mysLery of unlverse ls unraveled Lo a man who makes lncessanL efforLs Lo
underLake Lhls lnner [ourney for lf hls efforLs are made wlLh a pure hearL and a flrm deLermlnaLlon
Lhen he ls sure Lo reach hls goal of self reallzaLlon one day or Lhe oLher 1he soul (ALma) ls
8rahman buL Lhls facL becomes apparenL only Lo Lhose prlvlleged few who have aLLalned self
reallzaLlon Self reallzaLlon lllumlnaLes Lhe soul ln Lhe same way [usL as a llghLnlng lllumlnaLes
Lhe dark sky aL nlghL
Lord vlshnu wenL on Lo descrlbe hlmself ln Lhe followlng wordsl am ure and beyond Lhe
llmlLs of human lnLelllgence l am beyond Lhe conflnemenL of Lhree baslc quallLles (SaLva guna
8a[as guna and 1amas guna) Cnly he can experlence Me who possesses an enllghLened soul
because l manlfesL Myself ln Lhe hearL of every lndlvldual as a dlvlne effulgence ln order Lo drlve
away Lhe darkness whlch engulfs lL
88APMACl1A
Anybody who sLudles Lhe sacred LexLs of 8rahmaClLa ls cerLaln Lo aLLaln salvaLlon for lL
brllllanLly propounds Lhe Lheory of dlvlnlLy of man by proclalmlng LhaL ln each lndlvldual dwells
8rahmanLhe supreme AlmlghLy Luloglzlng Lhe glory of 8rahma ClLa Lord vlshnu sald
8rahmaClLa declares LhaL ln each lndlvldual dwells 8rahman and one who has undersLood Lhls
facL becomes free from Lhe bondage of Lhe world le aLLalns salvaLlon nobody can deny Lhe facL
LhaL Cod exlsLs because Lhe AlmlghLy manlfesLs hlmself all around us ln varlous forms boLh
percepLlble and lmpercepLlble All Lhe flve elemenLs (space alr waLer flre and earLh) are noLhlng
buL Lhe manlfesLaLlons of AlmlghLy Cod
unforLunaLely mosL of Lhe people are unaware of Lhe presence of dlvlnlLy ln Lhem Lhe exlsLence
of 8rahman ln each of Lhem 1he reason for Lhls ls noL much dlfflculL Lo comprehend because Lhls
facL ls so subLle LhaL only enllghLened souls can experlence lL PL lles dormanL and cannoL be
experlenced unLll and unless Pe ls awakened by means of ausLerlLles and penance 8rahman ls
ever presenL ln a man and does noL abandon hlm ln any of Lhe Lhree sLaLes of hls consclousnesswhlle he
ls awake whlle he ls dreamlng or even whlle he ls asleep
uesplLe belng presenL ln every lndlvldual he sLlll remalns unaffecLed by hls deeds because by
naLure Pe ls eLernally pure Cne more reason why man ls unable Lo feel Lhe presence of 8rahman
ln hlmself ls hls own ego wlLh whlch he falsely develops deep assoclaLlon So a person who ls
deslrous of reallzlng Cod musL flrsL subdue hls ego so LhaL 8rahman manlfesLs hlmself ln all hls
glory WlLhouL subdulng hls ego a man can never reallze Cod because Lhe sense of duallsm ls
Lhe greaLesL lmpedlmenL ln Lhe paLh of Cod reallzaLlon and egoLlsm only sLrengLhen Lhls sense of
duallsmCnce man has successfully subdued hls ego Lhe dawnlng of Cod reallzaLlon becomes lmmlnenL
because 8rahman now has no problem ln manlfesLlng hlmself ln Lhe changed scenarlo 8rahman
who ls absoluLe LruLh eLernally pure and Lhe supreme AlmlghLy Pe ls Lhe eLernal bllss dwelllng
ln each lndlvldual Lhe reallzaLlon whlch made Lhe vedas Lo proclalm 1aLvam Asl(1hou ls me)
and who ls beyond Lhe conflnemenL of Llme and space
ulLlmaLely Lord vlshnu revealed Lo Sage narada LhaL 8rahman whose glory he had pralsed was
none oLher Lhan hlmself
xlv CA8uuA CuL8lLS
SuL[l once reached Lhe foresL of nalmlsharanya ln course of hls [ourney nalmlsharanya was a
holy place where sages and hermlLs wenL Lo do penance AfLer reachlng Lhere SuL[l meL many
promlnenL sages who were pleased aL hls arrlval 1hey Look lL as a Cod senL opporLunlLy Lo geL
Lhelr doubLs cleared on Lhe mysLery called deaLh and whaL exacLly happened afLer a man dled
Sage Shaunak one of Lhose sages asked SuL[lC 8evered Sage! We were [usL awalLlng your
arrlval lL seems Cod has llsLened Lo our prayer We are confused by so many dlverse and
conLradlcLory oplnlons expressed on Lhe mysLery of deaLh and whaL happens afLer deaLh Some
people are of Lhe bellef LhaL a man Lakes reblrLh soon afLer hls deaLh whereas Lhere are some who
belleve LhaL a man afLer hls deaLh flrsL goes Lo ?amloka Lo LasLe Lhe frulLs of hls karmas and
only Lhen he Lakes reblrLh We requesL you Lo clear our doubLs and enllghLen us on Lhe mysLery
called deaLh
SuL[l recounLed Lhe Lale of Caruda who had once posed Lhe same query Lo Lord krlshna Whlle
narraLlng Lhe Lale SuL[l sald Carudason of vlnLa once declded Lo geL a flrsL hand experlence of
all Lhe Lhree Lokas (worlds) AfLer vlslLlng all Lhe Lhree worlds he reLurned Lo valkunLha loka
and narraLed hls experlences Lo Lord krlshna
Caruda sald AfLer vlslLlng all Lhe Lhree Lokas l found Lhe LarLh (rlLhvl) llLLle overcrowded as
compared Lo oLher Lokas l also found LhaL lL provlded beLLer opporLunlLles Lo a man boLh for
maLerlallsLlc en[oymenLs as well as hls splrlLual advancemenL So l have come Lo Lhe concluslon
LhaL rlLhvlloka was Lhe besL of all Lhe Lokas ln every respecL 8uL all round prevalence of
sorrow and mlsery ln rlLhvl loka made me sad
l was really perplexed Lo see people performlng complex rlLuals afLer Lhe deaLh of Lhelr relaLlve
All Lhese rlLuals appeared so absurd Lo me l was really amazed Lo see people laylng down Lhelr
dead relaLlves on Lhe ground l could also noL undersLand why a dead body ls lald on Lhe bed of
kusha grass and sesame seeds l wlLnessed so many rlLuals LhaL surprlsed me for lnsLance l
could noL undersLand Lhe reason why donaLlons are made afLer a man dles l am puzzled by Lhe
mysLery called deaLh or whaL becomes of hlm afLer he dles
1he slghL of sons llfLlng Lhe dead body of Lhelr faLher on Lhelr shoulders ls sLlll fresh ln my
memory l could noL undersLand Lhe reason why ghee (clarlfled buLLer) ls applled on a dead body
or why Lhe relaLlves of Lhe deceased chanL ?ama sukLa faclng norLh l was also surprlsed Lo see
Lhe son of Lhe deceased belng debarred from havlng meal along wlLh hls oLher relaLlves C Lord! lease
reveal Lo me Lhe slgnlflcance of maklng plnda dan or Lhe slgnlflcance of Larpan rlLuals?
lease Lell me Lhe proper meLhod of offerlng plnda dan and lnvoklng ancesLors? l flnd lL hard Lo
belleve LhaL all Lhe deeds vlrLuous or evll commlLLed by a man follows hlm afLer hls deaLh
1hls way Caruda flooded Lord krlshna wlLh a barrage of quesLlons and soughL clarlflcaLlons on
Lhem
SALvA1lCn 1P8CuCP 8l1uALS
Lord krlshna replledl am so dellghLed LhaL you have asked such lmporLanL quesLlons for Lhe
beneflL of manklnd l am reveallng Lo you Lhe secreLs whlch were hlLherLo unknown even Lo Lhe
delLles and yogls C Caruda! A man should Lry Lo begeL a son wlLh Lhe help of means as
menLloned ln Lhe scrlpLures because Lhere ls no salvaLlon for a person berefL of son
Lord krlshna Lhen wenL on Lo descrlbe Lhe proper rlLuals whlch are performed afLer Lhe deaLh of a
man and saldllrsL of all Lhe area should be purlfled by coaLlng lL wlLh a layer of cowdung
1hls purlfled area ls called mandal and lL ls graced by Lhe presence of Lhe 1rlnlLy 8rahma
Shlva and Myself Sesame seeds are Lhen sprlnkled on Lhe purlfled area and kusha grass ls
spread A person whose deaLh ls lmmlnenL ls Lhen lald down on Lhe bed of kusha grass
ScrlpLures say LhaL a person who does noL leave hls morLal body ln Lhe above menLloned way
wanders hlLher and LhlLher ln Lhe form of a resLless splrlL no amounL of rlLuals can puL such a
soul Lo resL C Caruda! Sesame seed has manlfesLed from my sweaL and hence ls exLremely pure
All klnd of evll forces llke ghosLs splrlLs demons eLc keep away from Lhe place where lL ls
used
Slmllarly kusha grass has manlfesLed from my body halr and ls graced by Lhe presence of
1rlnlLy 8rahma Shlva and vlshnu uelLles are saLlsfled lf kusha grass ls offered Lo Lhem whlle
ancesLors are saLlsfled by Lhe offerlngs of sesame seeds ScrlpLures say LhaL lf dylng man ls lald
down on Lhe bed of kusha grass spread on Lhe land purlfled by cowdung he becomes absolved
of all hls slns 1here ls a greaL slgnlflcance of donaLlng salL afLer Lhe deaLh of a person SalL owes
lLs orlgln Lo Me and donaLlng lL helps ancesLors ln aLLalnlng heaven uonaLlng salL also helps ln
reduclng Lhe paln and sufferlngs of a dylng man and Lhls ls why lL ls donaLed along wlLh oLher
arLlcles afLer a deaLh of a person 1he relaLlves of Lhe deceased should chanL Lhe sacred ?ama
sukLa faclng norLh because lL helps hlm Lo aLLaln llberaLlon Lord krlshna Lhen explalned Lo
Caruda Lhe approprlaLe way of carrylng Lhe corpse Lo Lhe cremaLlon ground1he dead body
should be carrled Lo Lhe cremaLlon ground by Lhe sons an oLher relaLlves of Lhe deceased ln Lhe
cremaLlon ground Lhe dead body should be kepL ln such a way LhaL lLs head should be elLher
Lowards easL or norLh 1he pyre should be made elLher of sandal or palash wood
uescrlblng Lhe experlences of Lhe soul when lL leaves Lhe body Lord krlshna sald1he soul
leaves Lhe morLal body wlLh greaL relucLance because Lhe aLLachmenL wlLh Lhe morLal world exlsLs
even afLer hls deaLh ?amdooLs descend down Lo earLh Lo Lake Lhe soul of Lhe dylng man Lo ?ama
loka 1hose who have commlLLed grave slns are Lled wlLh ropes and Laken Lo ?ama loka wlLh
greaL humlllaLlon buL vlrLuous souls are Laken wlLh honour and due respecL ?amra[ Lhe lord of
deaLh recelves Lhe vlrLuous soul wlLh all Lhe honour and respecL and meLes ouL punlshmenL Lo
Lhose who had commlLLed slns durlng Lhelr llves ln hls dark complexlon and wlLh a buffalo as hls mounL
and wlLh a noose and lron sLlck ln hls
hands ?amra[ appears Lerrlfylng Cn Lhe oLher hand Lhe slghL of llfeless body appears dlsgusLlng
and people Lry Lo dlspose lL off as qulckly as posslble because lL ls worLhless wlLhouL a soul So
one musL Lry Lo make Lhe besL use of Lhls morLal body by lndulglng ln good deeds before Lhe day
of hls flnal [ourney arrlves oLherwlse he would be lefL wlLh noLhlng buL regreLs aL Lhe Llme of hls
deaLh
uLA1P Anu Al1L8
ConLlnulng wlLh hls narraLlon Lord krlshna saldC Caruda! ueaLh comes aL Lhe predeLermlned
Llme whlch remalns flxed and unalLered under all clrcumsLances A mans sense organs become
weak and hls body feeble whlch geLs lnfllcLed wlLh numerous dlseases ln hls old age AL Lhe Llme
of hls deaLh man experlences unbearable paln and he beglns Lo loose hls consclousness
?amdooLs arrlve and begln Lo reLrleve Lhe soul from Lhe body and Lhls aggravaLes Lhe paln
ulLlmaLely Lhe soul whlch ls noL more Lhan Lhe slze of a Lhumb relucLanLly comes ouL from Lhe
body as Lhe aLLachmenL wlLh Lhe world exlsLs even afLer hls deaLh 8uL a vlrLuous person does noL
go Lhrough all Lhese palnful experlences aL Lhe Llme of hls deaLh 1he soul has Lo Lake blrLh ln
dlfferenL specles as well as go Lhrough cycles of counLless blrLhs deaLhs and reblrLhs ln order Lo
LasLe Lhe frulLs of hls karmas
uescrlblng Lhe slgnlflcance of lnda dan rlLuals Lord vlshnu Lold Caruda LhaL Lhey are
performed so LhaL manes are saLlaLed Pe also revealed Lo hlm LhaL slx plnda dans are offered Lo
Lhe manes whlle performlng Lhe rlLuals of lasL rlLes 1he flrsL plndadan ls made aL Lhe place
where person has breaLhed hls lasL whlle Lhe second Lhlrd fourLh flfLh and slxLh lnda dans are
made aL Lhe maln enLrance of Lhe house Lhe nearesL crossroads Lhe cremaLlon ground on Lhe
pyre lLself and aL Lhe Llme of collecLlng lasL remalns (AsLhl) respecLlvely
AfLer reachlng Lhe cremaLlon ground Lhe dead body should be lald down wlLh lLs head Lowards
souLh 1he morLal body Lhen should be conslgned Lo flames and afLer some Llme sesame seeds
and ghee should be poured lnLo Lhe burnlng pyre so LhaL lL conLlnues Lo burn wlLhouL any
problem lor Lhe nexL Len days Lhe relaLlves comlng from Lhe same goLra of Lhe deceased should
observe a perlod of Ashaucha a perlod durlng whlch he observes sLrlcL ausLerlLles and avolds
soclal conLacLs 1he son of Lhe deceased ls prohlblLed from havlng food along wlLh hls relaLlves
slmply because he ls belleved Lo be lmpure durlng Lhls perlod
1hls way belng saLlsfled by Lord krlshnas answers Caruda Lhanked hlm for clearlng whaLever doubLs
he
had ln hls mlnd Lord krlshna blessed hlm
Pome
13 MA1S?A u8AnA
LCMAPA8SPAnA Anu 1PL C1PL8 SACLS
1here was a foresL known as nalmlsharanya Many years ago several sages organlzed a ya[na
(sacrlflce) ln Lhe foresL AfLer Lhe sacrlflce was over Lhe assembled sages Lold Lomaharshana ?ou
have reclLed Lo us many uranas 1hese accounLs are so sacred LhaL we would llke Lo hear
Lhem once more lease saLlsfy our LhlrsL for knowledge
l wlll recounL for you Lhe mosL holy of all Lhe uranas replled Lomaharshana 1hls ls Lhe
greaL MaLsya urana Lold by vlshnu Lo Manu repare your mlnds for l am abouL begln
vlSPnu Anu MAnu
1here used Lo be a klng named valvasvaLa Manu Pe was Lhe son of Lhe sungod vlvasvana
When lL was Llme for Manu Lo reLlre Lo Lhe foresL he handed over Lhe klngdom Lo hls son
lkshvaku Manu Lhen wenL Lo Lhe fooLhllls of MounL Malaya and sLarLed Lo perform Lapasya
(medlLaLlon) 1housands and Lhousands of years passed Such were Lhe powers of Manu's
medlLaLlon LhaL 8rahma appeared before hlm
l am pleased wlLh your prayers sald 8rahma Ask for a boon
l have only one boon Lo ask for replled Manu Sooner or laLer Lhere wlll be a desLrucLlon
(pralaya) and Lhe world wlll no longer exlsL lease granL me Lhe boon LhaL lL wlll be l who wlll
save Lhe world and lLs beglns aL Lhe Llme of Lhe desLrucLlon
8rahma readlly granLed Lhls boon
uays passed Cn one parLlcular occaslon Manu was performlng abluLlons ln a pond near hls
hermlLage Pe lmmersed hls hands ln Lhe waLer so LhaL he mlghL offer some waLer Lo hls
ancesLors When he ralsed hls cupped hands he found LhaL Lhere was a mlnnow (shafarl)
swlmmlng around ln Lhe waLer Manu had no deslre Lo klll Lhe mlnnow Pe placed lL carefully ln
hls waLerpoL (kamandalu)
8uL Lhe mlnnow sLarLed Lo grow and wlLhln a day lL was slxLeen flngers ln lengLh Save me
klng sald Lhe flsh 1hls waLerpoL ls Loo small for me
Manu Lhen placed Lhe flsh ln a vaL 8uL Lhe flsh conLlnued Lo grow and wlLhln a day lL was Lhree
hands ln lengLh Save me klng sald Lhe flsh 1hls vaL ls Loo small for me
Manu puL Lhe flsh ln a well buL Lhe well soon became Loo small for Lhe flsh Manu Lransferred Lhe
flsh Lo a pond buL Lhe pond was also Loo small for Lhe flsh Manu now removed Lhe flsh Lo Lhe
holy rlver Canga buL even Lhls was Loo small for Lhe flsh llnally Manu Lransferred Lhe flsh Lo
Lhe ocean 1here Lhe flsh grew so much LhaL lL soon occupled Lhe enLlre ocean
Who are you? asked Manu l have never seen or heard of such wonders Are you a demon
LhaL ls deludlng me wlLh lLs llluslons? no l do noL Lhlnk LhaL you are a demon ?ou musL be Lhe
greaL vlshnu hlmself lease Lell me Lhe LruLh and saLlsfy my curloslLy
vlshnu Lhen revealed LhaL lL was lndeed he who had adopLed Lhe form of a flsh Pe Lold Manu
LhaL Lhe earLh would soon be flooded wlLh waLer vlshnu had goL a boaL bullL by Lhe gods When
Lhe earLh was flooded Manu was Lo place all llvlng belngs ln Lhe boaL and Lhus save Lhem vlshnu would
hlmself arrlve ln hls form of Lhe flsh and Manu was Lo Lle Lhe boaL Lo Lhe flsh's
horn 1hus Lhe llvlng belngs would be saved And when Lhe waLers of Lhe flood receded Manu
could populaLe Lhe world afresh and rule over lL
vlshnu dlsappeared and for a hundred years Lhere was a Lerrlble droughL on earLh 1he drough
led Lo famlne and people dled of sLarvaLlon Meanwhlle Lhe sun blazed ln fury and burnL up Lhe
enLlre world When everyLhlng had burnL Lo ashes dark clouds loomed ln Lhe sky 1hese are Lhe
clouds LhaL appear aL Lhe Llme of desLrucLlon and Lhere are seven classes of cush clouds known as
samvarLa bhlmananda drona chanda valahaka vldyuLapaLaka and kona lrom Lhe clouds raln
began Lo pour and soon waLer engulfed Lhe enLlre earLh 1he land mass was flooded As
lnsLrucLed by vlshnu Manu gaLhered LogeLher llvlng belngs lnslde Lhe boaL And when Lhe flsh
appeared he Lled Lhe boaL Lo Lhe flsh's horn WhaL do you Lhlnk Manu used a rope? Pe used a
glganLlc snake
Whlle Lhe boaL was Lhus LheLhered and dragged around by Lhe flsh Manu asked vlshnu several
quesLlons 1he answers LhaL vlshnu provlded form Lhe LexL of Lhe MaLsya urana
LeL us sLarL wlLh Lhe accounL of Lhe creaLlon
C8LA1lCn
ln Lhe beglnnlng Lhere was noLhlng ln Lhe unlverse 1here was only darkness and Lhe dlvlne
essence (brahman) lL ls lmposslble Lo descrlbe Lhe brahman lL has no LralLs LhaL can be descrlbed
When Lhe Llme came for creaLlon Lo sLarL Lhe brahman removed Lhe darkness and dlvlded lLself
lnLo Lhree 1hese Lhree parLs came Lo be known as 8rahma vlshnu and Shlva 1he flrsL ob[ecL
LhaL was creaLed was waLer and vlshnu slepL on Lhls waLer Slnce nara means waLer and ayana
means resLlngplace vlshnu ls accordlngly also known as narayana
ln Lhls waLer nexL appeared a golden (hlranya) egg (anda) 1he egg shone wlLh Lhe radlance of a
Lhousand suns lnslde Lhe egg 8rahma creaLed hlmself Slnce he effecLlvely creaLed (bhuva)
hlmself (svayam) 8rahma ls also known as Svayambhuva 1he egg you wlll remember was
golden Carbha means womb and slnce 8rahma was born lnslde a golden egg he ls also known
as Plranyagarbha
lor a Lhousand years 8rahma sLayed lnslde Lhe egg Pe Lhen spllL Lhe shell lnLo Lwo and emerged
ouL Peaven (svarga) was made from one half of Lhe shell and Lhe earLh from Lhe remalnlng half
All Lhe land masses Lhe oceans Lhe rlvers and Lhe mounLalns had been lnslde Lhe egg ln
embryonlc form 8rahma made Lhem manlfesL
1he sun was also born Slnce he was Lhe flrsL (adl) belng Lo be born he ls known as AdlLya 1he
word mrlLa means dead Slnce Lhe sun was born when Lhe egg (anda) dled Lhe sun was also
known as MarLanda
8rahma's flrsL acL was Lo medlLaLe lL was whlle he was medlLaLlng LhaL Lhe vedas Lhe uranas
and Lhe oLher shasLras (sacred LexLs) emerged from 8rahma's mouLh1en sons were also born Lo
8rahma CreaLed from 8rahma's menLal powers Lhey all became
sages 1helr names were Marlchl ALrl Anglra ulasLya ulaha kraLu racheLa vashlshLha
8hrlgu and narada 1here were oLhers Loo who were born uaksha was born from 8rahma's rlghL
Loe And Lhe god uharma was born from hls chesL
8uL for furLher creaLlon Lo conLlnue lL was essenLlal LhaL creaLed belngs should have proper
moLhers and faLhers 8rahma accordlngly creaLed Lwo belngs from hls body one was male and
Lhe oLher was female 1he male half was named Svayambhuva Manu and Lhe female half was
named ShaLarupa
ShaLarupa ls also referred Lo as SavlLrl CayaLrl SarasvaLl or 8rahmanl Slnce she had been born
from 8rahma's body she was llke 8rahma's daughLer ln facL vashlshLha and Lhe oLher sages
who were 8rahma's sons welcomed her as Lhelr slsLer 8uL ShaLarupa was so beauLlful LhaL
8rahma fell ln love wlLh her and wlshed Lo marry her
ShaLarupa clrcled 8rahma and showed her respecLs Lo hlm When she sLood ln fronL of hlm
8rahma gazed upon her wlLh Lhe face LhaL he had 8uL when she wenL and sLood behlnd hlm
8rahma could see her no longer AnoLher head wlLh anoLher face Lherefore sprouLed behlnd
8rahma's flrsL head so LhaL he mlghL be able Lo see ShaLarupa ln slmllar fashlon a head sprouLed
Lo 8rahma's flrsL head so LhaL he mlghL be able Lo see ShaLarpa ln slmllar fashlon a head
sprouLed Lo 8rahma's rlghL an anoLher one Lo hls lefL And when ShaLarupa rose above hlm a
head sprouLed Lowards Lhe Lop as well 1hus lL was LhaL 8rahma came Lo have flve heads and flve
faces
8rahma marrled ShaLarupa and Lhey llved LogeLher as man and wlfe for a hundred years 1helr
son was named Svayambhuva Manu
Pearlng Lhe accounL valvasvaLa Manu exclalmed 8uL whaL you have [usL sald ls Lruly amazlng
Pow could 8rahma have marrled hls own daughLer? Surely LhaL ls a sln
erhaps replled vlshnu buL lL ls noL for humans Lo [udge Lhe acLlons of Lhe gods Pow could
creaLlon proceed lf 8rahma dld noL marry ShaLarupa?'
1o conLlnue wlLh Lhe accounL of Lhe creaLlon 8rahma creaLed a sage named SanaLakumara and
Shlva 8rahma asked Shlva Lo help hlm ln Lhe acL of creaLlon Why don'L you creaLe some
belngs as well?' asked 8rahma
Shlva complled and sLarLed Lo creaLe 8uL all Lhe belngs LhaL he creaLed were [usL llke hlm ln
appearance 1haL ls Lhey were all lmmorLal
WhaL are you dolng? asked 8rahma uon'L creaLe lmmorLal belngs CreaLe morLal ones
lnsLead
1haL l refuse Lo do reLorLed Shlva lf l am Lo creaLe l shall creaLe only lmmorLals
lease do noL creaLe Lhen requesLed 8rahma l wlll Lake care of creaLlon myselfSvayambhuva
Manu performed very dlfflculL Lapsaya and obLalned a wlfe named AnaLl
Svayambhuva Manu and AnanLl had Lwo sons named rlyavraLa and uLLanapada
lrom uLLanapada was descended rachlnavarhl rachlnavarahl marrled Savarna Lhe daugLher of
Lhe ocean and Lhey had Len sons 1hese sons were known as Lhe racheLas 1he Len racheLas
marrled a woman named Marlsha 1haL ls all of Lhem had Lhe same wlfe uaksha was Lhe son of
Lhe racheLas and Marlsha
uAkSPA'S uLSCLnuAn1S
uaksha marrled anchan[anl uaksha and ancha[anl had one Lhousand sons 1hese were known
as Lhe Paryakshas uaksha asked hls sons Lo creaLe more llvlng belngs
8uL Lhe sage narada came and Lold Lhe Paryakshas ?ou can'L posslbly creaLe llvlng belngs
unless you know where Lhey are golng Lo llve Pave you explored Lhe unlverse LhaL your
creaLlons are golng Lo populaLe? Why don'L you sLarL ouL on a voyage of dlscovery?
1he Paryakshas dld Lhls and have never been heard of slnce 1hey dld noL reLurn
uaksha and ancha[anl now had anoLher Lhousand sons 1hese were name Lhe Shavalas narada
asked Lhe Shavalas also Lo explore Lhe unlverse and Lhey Loo dlsappeared
SlxLy daughLers were nexL born Lo uaksha and ancha[anl 1en of Lhese daughers were marrled Lo
Lhe god uharma LwenLyseven were marrled Lo Lhe moongod Chandra and LhlrLeen were
marrled Lo Lhe sage kashyapa 1he remalnlng daughLers were marrled Lo varlous oLher sages
1he LhlrLeen daughLers who were marrled Lo kashyapa were named AdlLl ulLl uanu ArlshLa
Surasa Surabhl vlnaLa 1amra krodhavasha lra kadru vlshva and Munl
AdlLl's sons were known as Lhe adlLyas 1here were Lwelve of Lhem and Lhey were named lndra
uhaLa 8haga 1vashLa MlLra varuna ?ama vlvasvana SavlLa usha Amshumana and
vlshnu 1hese were Lhe gods
ulLl's sons were Lhe dalLyas (demons) 1here were Lwo of Lhem named Plranyakshlpu and
Plranyaksha 1helr sons also came Lo be known as Lhe dalLyas Plranyaksha's sons were uluka
Shakunl 8huLasanLapana and Mahanabha Plranyakshlpu's sons were rahlada Anuhlada
Samhlada and Plada rahlada's son was vlrochana vlrochana's son was vall and vall's son
was vanasura
uanu had a hundred sons 1hese and Lhelr descendanLs were known as Lhe danavas (demons)
Chlef among Lhe hundred sons was vlprachlLLl Maya Lhe archleLecL of Lhe demons was
descended from Lhls llne
1amra had slx daughLers 1hese were Lhe moLhers of Lhe blrds and of goaLs horse sheep camels
and donkeys vlnaLa had Lwo sons Aruna and Caruda Aruna's sons were SampaLl and !aLayu
8oLh Surasa and kadru gave blrLh Lo snakes (nagas or sarpas) krodhavasha was Lhe moLher of rakshasas
(demons) Surabhl of cows and buffaloes Munl of apsaras (dancers of heaven)
ArlshLa of gandharvas (slngers of heaven) lra of Lrees and herbs and vlshva of yakashas (demlgods)
1PL MA8u1S
AlLhough Lhe gods and Lhe demons were couslns Lhey dld noL llke each oLher and foughL amongsL
Lhemselves all Lhe Llme Many dalLyas were kllled by vlshnu and Lhe oLher gods
ulLl was dlsconsolaLe Lo see her chlldren suffer Lhus She resolved LhaL she would medlLaLe so as
Lo obLaln a son who would be so powerful LhaL he would klll lndra Lhe klng of Lhe gods 1here
was a LlrLha (place of plgrlmage) named SyamanLapanchaka on Lhe banks of Lhe sacred rlver
SarasvaLl ulLl wenL Lhere and sLarLed Lo pray Lo Lhe sage kashyapa She llved on rooLs and frulLs
and medlLaLed for a hundred years
1hese prayers pleased kashyapa Ask for a boon he sald
lease granL me a son who wlll klll lndra replled ulLl
lL shall be as you wlsh sald kashyapa 8uL Lhere are some condlLlons ?ou wlll have Lo llve ln
Lhls hermlLage for a hundred years more 1hroughouL Lhese hundred years you wlll bear Lhe baby
ln your womb 8uL Lhere are cerLaln condlLlons of cleanllness LhaL you musL obeserved ?ou musL
noL eaL ln Lhe evenlng nor musL you sleep under a Lree aL nlghL Lxcerclse ls noL permlLLed ln any
form uo noL sleep wlLh your halr unbralded or wlLhouL havlng had a baLh lf you can observed
Lhese rules for a hundred years you wlll have Lhe son you wlsh for
kashyapa wenL away and ulLl began Lo observe Lhe rlLes LhaL Lhe sage had prescrlbed 8uL lndra
had goL Lo know whaL was afooL and he was naLurally ln no mood Lo permlL Lhe blrLh of a son who
would be Lhe cause of hls own desLrucLlon Pe hung around ulLl's hermlLage preLendlng Lo serve
hls aunL Pe broughL her flrewood and frulL and served her ln oLher ways 8uL ln reallLy he was
merely walLlng for an opporLunlLy Pe was walLlng for Lhe momenL when ulLl would fall Lo
observed Lhe norms of cleanlness LhaL had been lald down for her
nlneLynlne years and Lhree hundred and slxLyLwo days passed 1haL ls only Lhree days were lefL
for Lhe perlod of one hundred years Lo be over ulLl was Llred on one parLlcular occaslon Slnce
Lhe perlod of her ordeal was soon Lo end she had also become somewhaL careless She fell asleep
wlLhouL washlng her halr WhaL was worse she wenL Lo sleep wlLhouL havlng bralded her halr
1hls was an acL of gross uncleanllness
lndra selzed hls chance Slnce ulLl had commlLLed an unclean acL her defences had been
lowered lndra enLered ulLl's womb ln a Lrlce lndra has a wonderful weapon named va[ra WlLh
Lhe va[ra lndra sllced Lhe baby ln ulLl's womb lnLo seven parLs 1hese parLs sLarLed Lo cry Ma
ruda sald lndra uon'L cry 8uL Lhe parLs conLlnued Lo cry lndra Lherefore chopped up each of
Lhe parLs lnLo seven more secLlons so LhaL Lhere were forLynlne parLs ln all Slnce ulLl had falled
Lo observe Lhe prescrlbed rlLes Lhese forLynlne secLlons were no longer a LhreaL Lo lndra When
Lhey were born Lhey came Lo be known as Lhe maruLs from Lhe words lndra had used ln addresslng
Lhem 1hey were elevaLed Lo Lhe sLaLus of gods and became lndra's frlends and
consLanL companlons
1PL MAnvAn1A8AS
Lach manvanLara ls an era and ls ruled over by a Manu Cne of 8rahma's days ls known as a
kalpa and Lhere are fourLeen manvanLaras ln every kalpa AL Lhe end of every kalpa Lhe unlverse
ls desLroyed and has Lo be creaLed afresh ln Lhe presenL kalpa slx manvanLaras have already
passed and Lhe sevenLh manvanLara ls now currenL 1here wlll be seven more manvanLaras ln Lhe
fuLure before Lhe unlverse and lLs lnmaLes are desLroyed 1he gods Lhe seven greaL sages
(sapLarshls) and Lhe lndlvldual who holds Lhe LlLle of lndra change from one manvanLara Lo
anoLher 1he fourLeen eras of Lhe presenL kalpa are as follows
(1) 1he flrsL Manu was Svayambhuva 1he gods Lhen were Lhe yamas
(2) Svarochlsha was Lhe second Manu 1he gods were Lhe LushlLas and Lhe names of Lhe seven
greaL sages were uaLLoll Chyavana SLambha rana kashyapa Curva and 8rlhaspaLl
(3) 1he Lhlrd Manu was CuLLama 1he gods were named Lhe bhavanas and koukurundl ualbhya
Shankha ravahana Shlva SlLa and SasmlLa were Lhe sapLarshls
(4) 1amas was Lhe fourLh Manu 1he seven greaL sages were kavl rlLhu Agnl Akapl kapl
!alpa and uhlmana and Lhe gods were known as Lhe sadhyas
(3) 1he flfLh manvanLara was ruled over by a Manu named 8alvaLa 1he gods were Lhe
abhuLara[as and Lhe seven greaL sages were
uevavahu Suvahu ar[anya Somapa MunLl Plranyaroma and SapLashva
(6) Chakshusha was Lhe slxLh Manu 1he gods were known as Lhe lekhas and Lhe seven greaL
sages were 8hrlgu Sudhama vlra[a Sahlshnu nada vlvasvana and ALlnama
(7) 1he sevenLh manvanLara ls Lhe one LhaL ls now currenL and Lhe name of Lhe Manu ls
valvasvaLa 1he sapLarshls are ALrl vashlshLha kashyapa CouLama 8haradva[a vlshvamlLra
and !amadagnl 1he gods are Lhe sadhyas Lhe vlshvadevas Lhe maruLs Lhe vasus Lhe Lwo
ashvlnls and Lhe adlLyas
(8) 1he elghLh Manu wlll be Savarnl and Lhe seven greaL sages of Lhls era wlll be AshvaLLhama
Sharadvana koushlka Calava ShaLananda kashyapa and 8ama
(9) 1he nlnLh Manu wll be 8ouchya
(10) 8houLya wlll be Lhe LenLh Manu
(11) 1he elevenLh Manu wlll be named Merusavarnl(12) 8lLa wlll be Lhe LwelfLh Manu
(13) 8lLadhama wlll be Lhe LhlrLeenLh Manu
(14) 1he fourLeenLh and flnal Manu wlll be named vlshvakasena
8l1Pu
A klng named Anga was descended from Svayuambhuva Manu Anga marrled SunlLha Lhe
daughLer of MrlLyu and Lhey had a son named vena MrlLyu was an evll person lrom hls
chlldhood vena assoclaLed wlLh Lhls maLernal grandfaLher of hls and Lhus came Lo acqulre evll
ways When vena became klng afLer Anga he sLarLed Lo oppress Lhe world Pe sLopped all ya[nas
and Lhe prayers Lo Lhe gods Pe lnslsLed LhaL people should pray only Lo vena 1he sages dld Lhelr
level besL Lo persuade vena Lo reLurn Lo Lhe rlghLeous paLh buL vena would noL llsLen
1he sages Lhen kllled vena vena had no sons and a klngdom does noL flourlsh ln Lhe absence of
a klng 1herefore when vena was dead Lhe sages sLarLed Lo knead Lhe dead body so LhaL a son
mlghL be born 1he flrsL belng LhaL emerged as a resulL of Lhls kneadlng was a dark and dwarflsh
son All Lhe evll LhaL was ln vena's body enLered Lhe body of Lhls son so LhaL Lhere was no more
evll lefL ln Lhe dead body
When Lhe kneadlng conLlnued a handsome son was born from vena's rlghL hand Pe was born
fully grown and held bows arrows and clubs ln hls hands when he emerged Pls enLlre body was
clad ln shlnlng armour 1he word prlLhu means greaL Slnce Lhe son was born afLer a greaL deal of
efforL he was glven Lhe name rlLhu
1he sages made arrangemenLs for rlLhu's coronaLlon rlLhu was a good klng who ruled well
8uL rlLhu's sub[ecLs sLlll dld noL have Lhe wherewlLhal Lo make a llvlng 1hey asked Lhelr klng Lo
do someLhlng abouL Lhls rlLhu declded LhaL slnce Lhe earLh was noL provldlng any foodgralns he
would klll Lhe earLh 1he earLh adopLed Lhe form of a cow and sLarLed Lo flee Wherever Lhe earLh
wenL Lhe klng followed ln hoL pursulL
1he earLh flnally reallzed LhaL she could noL escape by runnlng away She Lold rlLhu lease do
noL klll me 1hen your sub[ecLs wlll noL even have a place Lo llve ln ?our ob[ecL ls Lo flnd a
means of llvlng for your sub[ecLs Pow wlll LhaL be accompllshed lf you klll me? Mllk me lnsLead
of kllllng me 1he foodgralns LhaL Lhe mllklng wlll yleld wlll provlde Lhe susLenance for your
sub[ecLs
rlLhu accordlngly mllked Lhe earLh lL ls because of Lhls LhaL Lhe earLh ls known as prlLhlvl rlLhu
also levelled ouL Lhe earLh wlLh hls bow so LhaL hls sub[ecLs could llve ln Lhe plalns Lhus creaLed
1he earLh prospered durlng rlLhu's rule overLy dlsease and slns were unknown Lveryone was
rlghLeous
1PL SCLA8 LlnL
1he sages requesLed Lomaharshana lease Lell us Lhe hlsLory of Lhe solar llneLomaharshana
complled
AdlLl and Lhe sage kashyapa had borne Lhe sungod vlvasvana or Surya as a son Surya had
Lhree wlves Sam[na 8a[nl and rabha 8a[na had a son named 8evaLa and rabha had a son
named rabhaLa (mornlng) Surya and Sam[na had Lwo sons and a daughLer 1he eldesL son was
valvasvaLa Manu And Lhe remalnlng Lwo offsprlng were Lwlns named ?ama and ?amuna
1he sun's radlance was however Loo much for Sam[na Lo bear AfLer a whlle she could noL bear
lL any longer She Lherefore creaLed a woman ouL of her own body 1he woman looked exacLly
llke Sam[na and was named Chhaya (shadow) 1here was no way of Lelllng Lhe Lwo aparL
SLay here and preLend Lo be me sald Sam[na Look afLer my husband and my chlldren no
one wlll know Lhe LruLh unless you Lell Lhem As for me l am golng away
Surya dld noL reallze LhaL Sam[na had lefL Pe Look Chhaya Lo be hls wlfe and Surya and Chhaya
had Lwo sons and Lwo daughLers 1he sons were Savarnl Manu and Shanl (SaLurn) and Lhe
daughLers were 1apaLl and vlshLl
Chhaya was clearly fonder of her own chlldren and neglecLed Sam[na's 1hls dld noL boLher
valvasvaLa Manu Loo much Pe was Lhe eldesL and more collecLed and balanced 8uL ?ama
resenLed Lhls favourlLlsm of Chhaya's ln a flL of peLulance he ralsed hls fooL Lo klck Chhaya
Chhaya cursed ?ama l curse you LhaL your fooL may be devoured by worms she sald May lL
be lnfecLed wlLh pus and blood
1hls alarmed ?ama and he rushed Lo hls faLher My moLher has cursed me he Lold Surya l
am only a chlld Lven lf l dld commlL a sln does a moLher ever curse her chlldren? l have serlous
mlsglvlngs LhaL she ls noL our moLher aL all
When Surya Laxed Chhaya wlLh Lhls she came ouL wlLh Lhe LruLh and Surya learnL LhaL Sam[na
had lefL Sam[na's faLher was vlshvakarma Lhe archlLecL of Lhe gods Surya wenL Lo hls faLherlnlaw Lo
flnd ouL lf he knew anyLhlng of Chhaya's whereabouLs
lndeed l do replled vlshvakarma When Sam[na lefL your house she came Lo me ln Lhe form
of a mare 8uL l refused Lo leL her llve ln my house slnce she had lefL her husband's house
wlLhouL seeklng hls permlsslon She ls llvlng aL Lhe momenL ln Lhe deserL 8uL Sam[na dld whaL
she dld because she could noL bear Lo sLand your energy and radlance lf you permlL l shall shave
off some of Lhe excess energy so LhaL people can look aL you
vlshvakarma shaved off some of Lhe sun's energy WlLh Lhe excess energy were consLrucLed
many of Lhe weapons of Lhe gods such as vlshnu's chakra (a bladeddlscus) Shlva's LrldenL
(Lrlshula) and lndra's va[ra 1hls made Lhe sun's vlsage much more pleasanL and bearable 1he
only parLs of Surya's body LhaL were noL Lhus modlfled were Lhe feeL no one can bear Lo look aL
Surya's feeL and lL ls forbldden Lo vlsuallse Lhe sungod's feeL when one ls praylng Lo hlm A
person who does noL follow Lhls ln[ucLlon ls a slnner and ls made Lo suffer from leprosySurya now wenL
Lo look for Sam[na and found her ln Lhe form of a mare Pe Loo adopLed Lhe
form of a horse and [olned her As horses Lhey had Lwo sons Slnce ashva means horse Lhe sons
were known as Lhe Ashvlnls 1hey became Lhe physlclans of Lhe gods and were also known as
nasaLya and uasra AfLer Lhe Ashvlnls were born Surya and Sam[na gave up Lhelr forms of
horses and reLurned Lo Lhelr usual forms
WhaL do you Lhlnk happened Lo Savarnl Manu? Pe wenL away Lo perform Lapasya (medlLaLlon)
on MounL Sumeru Pe ls desLlned Lo be one of Lhe fuLure Manus Shanl became a planeL and
?amuna a rlver As for 1apaLl she Loo became a rlver (1apal)
?ama had been cursed by Chhaya LhaL hls feeL would roL and be lnfecLed wlLh worms 1o
mlLlgaLe Lhe effecLs of Lhe curse Surya gave ?ama a blrd whlch aLe up all Lhe worms 1hereafLer
?ama wenL Lo a LlrLha named Cokarna and sLarLed Lo pray Lo Shlva lor Lhousands of years he
prayed and evenLually managed Lo please Shlva Shlva granLed ?ama Lhe boon LhaL he would be
Lhe god of deaLh Pe would meLe ouL punlshmenLs Lo slnners ln accordance wlLh Lhe slns (papa)
LhaL Lhey had commlLLed Pe would also keep accounL of Lhe sLore of merlL (punya) LhaL rlghLeous
people accumulaLed
valvasvaLa Manu ruled as Manu Pe had Len sons 1he eldesL was named lla 1he oLher sons
were named lkshvaku kushanabha ArlshLa uhrlshLa narlshyanaLa karusha SharyaLl
rlshadhra and nabhaga 1he solar llne owes lLs orlgln Lo lkshavaku ln Lhls llne was born klng
8haglraLha who broughL Lhe sacred rlver Canga down from heaven lurLher down Lhe llne was
uasharaLha and uasharaLha's son was 8ama ?ou know abouL 8ama from Lhe 8amayana
lLA Anu 1PL LunA8 LlnL
valsvasvaLa Manu's eldesL son was lla When valvasvaLa Manu became old he reLlred Lo Lhe
foresL lla was appolnLed Lhe ruler ln hls place lla seL ouL on a voyage of conquesL and Lravelled
LhroughouL Lhe world 1here was a foresL named Sharavana frequenLed by Shlva and arvaLl
Shlva had decreed LhaL any man who enLered Lhe foresL would become a woman klng lla dld noL
know abouL Lhls rule and seL fooL ln Lhe foresL lnadverLenLly he lmmedlaely goL Lransformed lnLo a
woman
WhaL ls golng Lo happen Lo me now? LhoughL lla Where wlll l llve? Pe even forgoL all abouL
hls earller llfe 1he moongod Chandra had a son named 8udha Whlle lla was wanderlng
around 8udha came upon her and fell ln love wlLh her 1he Lwo had a son named ururava and
ururava was Lhe ancesLor of Lhe lunar llne
Meanwhlle lkshvaku and Lhe oLher broLhers had sLarLed Lo look for lla When Lhey could flnd no
Lrace of Lhelr broLher Lhey asked Lhe sage vashlshLha lf he knew of lla's whereabouLs
vashlshLha used hls menLal powers Lo flnd ouL whaL had happened Pe asked Lhe prlnces Lo pray
Lo Shlva and arvaLl 1haL was Lhe only way Lo make lla a man once more
1he prayers pleased Shlva and arvaLl and Lhey found ouL whaL Lhe prlnces wanLs 8uL whaL you
deslre ls qulLe lmposslble Lhey Lold lkshvaku and hls broLher lla can never be made a man
once agaln AL besL we wlll granL you Lhe followlng boon lla wlll alLernaLe beLween belng a man for one
monLh and a woman for one monLh 1he prlnces had Lo be conLenL wlLh Lhls As a
woman lla conLlnued Lo be known as lla 8uL as a man he came Lo known as Sudyumna and had
Lhree sons named uLkala Caya and ParlLashva
uAkSPA Anu SA1l
l wlll now Lell you abouL uaksha and SaLl Lomaharshana Lold Lhe sages
uaksha had a daughLer named SaLl who was marrled Lo Shlva uaksha dld noL llke hls sonlnlaw
aL all When he organlzed a ya[na he dld noL lnvlLe Shlva Lo aLLend Lhe ceremony 8uL SaLl wenL
Lo Lhe ceremony alLhough Shlva had noL been lnvlLed Why dld you noL lnvlLe Shlva? SaLl
asked her faLher
8ecause your husband ls undeservlng of such honour replled uaksha Pe ls noL flL Lo be
LreaLed on par wlLh Lhe oLher gods 1hese words angered SaLl l am ashamed LhaL l am your
daughLer She sald Cursed am l LhaL l have had Lo hear such abuses of Lhe greaL Shlva l no
longer wlsh Lo be your daughLer l wlll Lherefore glve up Lhls physlcal body LhaL l owe Lo you by
lmmolaLlng myself As for you l curse you LhaL you wlll be born on earLh as Lhe son of Lhe Len
racheLas ?ou wlll Lhen Lry Lo perform an ashvamdha ya[na (horse sacrlflce) 8uL Shlva wlll
desLroy Lhe ceremony
uaksha Lrled Lo paclfy SaLl lease have mercy on me he sald ?ou are Lhe moLher of Lhe
enLlre unlverse Pow wlll Lhe unlverse survlve lf you dle? lL ls only Lhrough your good grace LhaL
you condescended Lo be born as my daughLer lease do noL forsake me
WhaL l have sald cannoL be negaLed replled SaLl 8uL l wlll granL you Lhls much When you
are born on earLh you wlll conLlnue Lo be devoLed Lo me
Where wlll l pray Lo you? asked uaksha AL whaL LlrLhas? And whaL are Lhe names by whlch l
wlll address you ln Lhe course of my prayers?
SaLl Lhen Lold uaksha one hundred and elghL of her names She also Lold hlm Lhe names of one
hundred and elghL LlrLhas aL whlch she was known by Lhese respecLlve names 1hese names and
LlrLhas are as follows wlLhL he names belng glven flrsL and Lhe LlrLhas second
(1) vlshalakshl aL varanasl (2) Llngadharlnl aL nalmlsha (3) LallLadevl aL rayaga (4)
kamakshl aL Candhamadana (3) kumuda aL Manasa (6) vlshvakaya aL Ambara (7) ComaLl aL
ComanLa (8) kamacharlnl aL Mandara (9) MadoLkaLa aL ChalLraraLha (10) !ayanLl aL
PasLlnapura (11) Courl aL kanyakuv[a (12) 8ambha aL Malayachala (13) klrLlmaLl aL Lkamra
(14) vlshva aL vlshveshvara (13) uruhuLa aL ushkara (16) Margadaylnl aL kedara (17) nanda
aL Plmalaya (18) 8hadrakarnlka aL Cokarna (19) 8havanl aL SLhaneshvara (20) vllvapaLrlkaL aL
vllva (21) Madhavl aL Shrlshalla (22) 8hadra aL 8hadreshvara (23) !aya aL varahashalla (24)
kamala aL kamalalalya (23) 8udranl aL 8udrakoLl (26) kall aL kalan[ara (27) kaplla aL
Mahallnga (28) MukuLeshvarl aL MarkaLa (29) Mahadevl aL Shalagrama (30) !anaprlya aL
Shlvallnga (31) kumarl aL Mayapurl (32) LallLa aL SanLana (33) uLpalakshl aL Sahasraksha (34)
MahoLpala aL kamalaksha (33) Mangala aL CangaLlra (36) vlmala aL urushoLLama (37) Amoghakshl aL
vlpasha (38) aLala aL undravarddhana (39) narayanl aL Suparshva (40)
8hadrasundarl aL vlkuLa (41) vlpula aL vlpula (42) kalyanl aL Malalyachala (43) koLavl aL
koLlLlrLha (44) Sugandha aL Madhavana (43) 1rlsandhya aL Codasharma (46) 8aLlprlya aL
Cangadvara (47) Shlvananda aL Shlvakunda (48) nandlnl aL uevlkaLaLa (49) 8ukmlnl aL
uvaravaLl (30) 8adha aL vrlndavana (31) uevakl aL MaLhura (32) arameshvarl aL aLala (33)
SlLa aL ChlLrakuLa (34) vlndyavaslnl aL vlndhya (33) Lkavlra aL Sahyadrl (36) Chandrlka aL
Parlchandra (37) Aroga aL valdyanaLha (38) Maheshvarl aL Mahakala (39) Abhaya aL
ushnaLlrLha (60) AmrlLa aL vlndhyakandara (61) Mandavl aL Mandavya (62) Svaha aL
Maheshvarapura (63) rachanda aL Chhagalanda (64) Chandrlka aL Makaranda (63) vararoha
aL Someshvara (66) ushkaravaLl aL rabhasa (67) uevamaLa aL SarasvaLl (68) MaLa aL Sagara
(69) Mahabhaga aL Mahalaya (70) lngaleshvarl aL ayoshnl (71) Slmhlka aL krlLashoucha (72)
?ashaskarl aL karLlkeya (73) Lola aL uLapalvarLa (74) Subhadra aL Shonasangama (73)
LakshlmaLa aL Slddhapura (76) Angana aL 8haraLashrama (77) vlshvamukhl aL !alandhara (78)
1ara aL klshklndhyachala (79) ushLl aL uevadaruvana (80) Medha aL kashmlramandala (81)
8hlmadevl aL Plmachala (82) ushLl aL vlshveshvara (83) Shuddhl aL kapalamochana (84) SlLa
aL Mayavarohana (83) uhvanl aL Shankhoddhara (86) uhrlLl aL endara (87) kala aL
Chandrabhaga (88) Shlvakarlnl aL AchchhodaLlra (89) AmrlLa aL vena (90) urvashl aL
vadrlvlna (91) Cushadhl aL uLLarakur (92) kushodaka aL kushavdvlpa (93) ManmaLha aL
PemakuLa (94) SaLyavadlnl aL MukuLa (93) vandanly aL AshvaLLha (96) nldhl aL kuberalaya
(97) CayaLrl aL vedavadana (98) arvaLl aL Shlvasannldhana (99) lndranl aL uevaloka (100)
SarasvaLl aL 8rahmamukha (101) rabha aL Suryablmba (102) valshnavl aL MaLrlgana (103)
ArundhaLl aL SaLlsmukha (104) 1lloLLama (103) 8rahmakala (106) ShakLl
Pavlng reclLed Lhese names SaLl lmmolaLed herself She was laLer reborn as arvaLl or uma Lhe
daughLer of Menaka and Plmalaya She was remarrled Lo Shlva As for uaksha he was born on
earLh as Lhe son of Lhe Len racheLas
88APMAuA11A
1here used Lo be a sage named koushlka koushlka had seven sons named Svasrlpa krodhana
Plmsra lshuna kavl vagadushLa and lLrlvarLl 1hese sons all became dlsclples of Lhe sage
Carga AfLer koushlka dled Lhere was a Lerrlble droughL on earLh lamlne raged and people wenL
hungry Carga had asked hls dlsclples Lo Lend Lo hls caLLle and Lhe seven broLhers had Laken Lhe
caLLle Lo Lhe foresL so LhaL Lhey mlghL browse on Lhe grass LhaL grew Lhere 1he broLhers suffered
so much from hunger LhaL Lhey declded Lo slay one of Lhe cows and eaL lL
kllllng a cow would be a sln remarked Lhe youngesL lf we have Lo klll Lhe cow leL us aL leasL
perform lLs funeral ceremony erhaps LhaL wlll reduce Lhe severlLy of Lhe sln LhaL we are
commlLLlng
1he oLher broLhers agreed Lo Lhls 1he funeral rlLes of Lhe cow were observed lL was Lhen kllled
and eaLen 1he broLhers reLurned Lo Carga and Lold hlm A cow has been kllled and eaLen by a
Llger
Carga saw no reason Lo dlsbelleve Lhem 8uL Lhe sln remalned a sln And as a consequence of
havlng commlLLed a crlme Lhe broLhers were born as hunLers ln Lhelr nexL lles 8uL Lhey were born as
[aLlsmaras 1haL ls Lhey remembered Lhe lncldenLs of Lhelr earller llves Slnce Lhe
broLhers remembed whaL Lhey had been ln Lhelr earller llves Lhey saw no reason Lo llve as
hunLers 1hey Lherefore fasLed unLll Lhey dled 1hey were nexL reborn as deer 8uL Lhe deer
conLlnued Lo be [aLlsmaras and fasLed Lo deaLh 1he broLhers were reborn as blrds lour of Lhe
broLhers conLlnued Lo be deLached from maLerlal pursulLs and spenL Lhelr Llme ln medlLaLlon 8uL
Lhe Lhree remalnlng broLhers were noL so lucky
1he klng of anchala had once come Lo Lhe foresL wlLh hls reLlnue 1he klng's name was
vlbhra[a Cne of Lhe blrds was sLruck by Lhe klng's pomp and glory and wlshed Lo be born as a
klng ln hls nexL llfe klng vlbhra[a and Lwo mlnlsLers wlLh hlm and all Lhe soldlers seemed Lo be
followlng Lhe lnsLrucLlons of Lhe mlnlsLers Accordlngly Lwo of Lhe blrds deslred Lo be born as
mlnlsLers ln Lhelr nexL llves
1he one who wlshed Lo be a klng was born as 8rahmadaLLa klng vlbhra[a's son 1he Lwo who
deslred Lo be born as mlnlsLers became undarlka and Suvalaka Lhe sons of Lhe Lwo mlnlsLers
whom Lhey had seen 1he remalnlng Lhree broLhers were noL aLLached Lo maLerlal pursulLs and
were born as brahmanas (Lhe flrsL of Lhe four classes)
8rahmadaLLa marrled kalyanl ?ou wlll never guess who kayanLl had been ln her earller llfe
She had been Lhe cow whom Lhe broLhers had kllled
WhaL was mosL remarkable was Lhe facL LhaL 8rahmadaLLa could undersLand Lhe languages of all
llvlng belngs 8rahmadaLLa and kalyanl were once Laklng a walk ln Lhelr garden 8rahmadaLa
heard Lwo anLs converslng Slnce he could undersLand Lhe languages of all llvlng belngs he could
follow whaL Lhe anLs were saylng
Why are you angry wlLh me?' asked Lhe male anL Why are you refuslng Lo speak Lo me?
Co away and do noL pesLer me replled Lhe female anL ?ou say you love me very much And
yeL when you goL some gralns of sugar yesLerday you gave Lhem Lo anoLher anL and noL Lo me l
refuse Lo speak Lo you
1haL was my mlsLake sald Lhe male anL l LhoughL LhaL lL was you Lo whom l was glvlng Lhe
gralns of sugar l wlll never make such a mlsLake ln Lhe fuLure lease pardon me and smlle l
cannoL bear Lo see you so angry 1he anLs made up
1he conversaLlon made 8rahmadaLLa laugh kalyanl naLurally wanLed Lo know why 8rahmadaLLa
was laughlng and Lhe klng reporLed Lhe enLlre conversaLlon Lo hls wlfe
8uL kalyanl refused Lo belleve her husband Pow can any man undersLand Lhe language of
anLs? she wanLed Lo know ?ou are lylng ?ou musL have been laughlng aL me
8rahmadaLLa Lrled Lo convlnce hls wlfe buL kalyanl would noL llsLen 1he klng dld noL know
whaL Lo do 8uL whlle he was sleeplng he dreamL LhaL vlshnu appeared before hlm and Lold hlm
Lo walL Llll Lhe nexL mornlng 8rahmadaLLa's mlnd would be seL aL resL Lhenlour of Lhe broLhers had
been born as brahmanas 1hey had been born as Lhe sons of a brahmana
named Sudarldra and were named uhrlLlmana 1aLLvadarshl vldyachanda and 1apoLsuka Slnce
Lhey were born as [aLlsmaras Lhey remembered Lhelr earller llves and had no deslre Lo Lled down
by maLerlal pursulLs 1hey wanLed Lo reLlre Lo Lhe foresL and medlLaLe
8uL Sudarldra Lrled Lo resLraln hls sons Pow can you do LhaL? he asked Pow can you reLlre Lo
Lhe foresL Lo medlLaLe? ?our duLy ls Lo look afLer me ln my old age lf you do noL look afLer l
shall sLarve Lo deaLh lease do noL commlL LhaL sln
?ou wlll noL sLarve Lo deaLh replled hls sons Co Lo klng 8rahmadaLLa and ask hlm for
wealLh Pe wlll glve you gold and vlllages 1ell hlm Lo remember Lhe sage Carga Lhe hunLers
Lhe deer and Lhe blrds 1he four sons wenL away Lo Lhe foesL Sudarlda came Lo meeL Lhe klng Pe
meL Lhe klng on Lhe day followlng 8rahmadaLLa's dream Sudarldra's words remlnded
8rahmadaLLa of whaL he had been ln hls earller llves Pe was ashamed LhaL he had forgoLLen Lhose
lncldenLs and had become addlcLed Lo maLerlal pursulLs Pe declded Lo [oln hls broLhers ln Lhe
foresL Pe gave Sudarldra as much wealLh as Lhe brahmana wanLed and handed over Lhe klngdom
Lo Lhe prlnce vlshvaksena 1he broLhers undarlka and Suvalaka also accompanled 8rahmadaLLa
Lo Lhe foresL lL was Lhus LhaL koushlka's seven sons evenLually aLLalned salvaLlon 1here ls one
Lhlng we do noL undersLnad sald Lhe sages Pow came 8rahmadaLLa Lo undersLand Lhe
languages of all llvlng belngs? 1haL ls easlly explalned 8eplled Lomaharshana klng
vlbra[a had prayed Lo vlshnu LhaL he mlghL obLaln such a son and Lhe boon was granLed
CPAnu8A Anu 8uuPA
?ou forgoL Lo Lell us how 8udha was born remarked Lhe sages nor dld you Lell us anyLhlng
abouL Chandra's blrLh Lomaharshana fllled ln Lhe blanks 1he sage ALrl was 8rahma's son ALrl
once performed very dlfflculL Lapasya A Lremendous amounL of energy was released as a resulL
of Lhls medlLaLlon and Lhe moongod Chandra or Soma was born from Lhls energy 8rahma
appolnLed Chandra ruler over all sLars planeLs and herbs (oshadhl) 1wenLyseven of uaksha's
daughLer were marrled Lo Chandra 1hese were Lhe nakshaLras (sLars) Chandra performed a
ra[asuya ya[na (royal sacrlflce) and Lhe ceremony was an ouLsLandlng success 8L all Lhls sucess
8uL all Lhls success and glory wenL Lo Chandra's head 1he precepLor of Lhe gods was Lhe sage
8rlhaspaLl and 8rlhaspaLl's wlfe was 1ara Chandra's eyes fell upon 1ara and he forclbly
abducLed her Cn several occaslons 8rlhaspaLl asked Chandra Lo reLurn 1ara buL Lhe moongod
would noL llsLen A Lerrlble war Lhen raged beLween Lhe gods and demons over 1ara 1he gods
foughL on 8rlhaspaLl's slde and Lhe demons alded Chandra Shlva also foughL on Lhe slde of Lhe
gods As Lhe war raged Shlva leL fly a Lerrlble dlvlne weapon named brahmashlrsha aL Chandra
Chandra counLered Lhls wlLh anoLher Lerrlble dlvlne weapon named somasLra 1hese Lwo weapons
of desLrucLlon LhreaLened Lo burn up Lhe enLlre unlverse 8rahma declded LhaL lL was Llme for hlm
Lo lnLervene SLop Lhls nonsense aL once he Lold Chandra WhaL you have done ls mosL
lmproper 8eLurn 1ara aL once 1hese words ashamed Chandra and he reLurned 1ara 8uL
Chandra and 1ara had already had a handsome son named 8udha 8udha became very skllled ln
Lhe handllng of elephanLs ln facL Lhe knowledge of Lackllng and handllng elephanLs goes back Lo
8udha ?ou already know LhaL 8udha marrled lla and LhaL Lhey had a son named ururava
u8u8AvA Anu u8vASPlururava was a very sLrong klng who ruled Lhe earLh well Pe performed one
hundred
ashvamedha ya[nas 1he Lhree goals of human llfe are dharma (rlghLeousness) arLha (wealLh)
and kama (LhaL whlch ls deslred) 1hese Lhree goals wlshed Lo see whlch of Lhem ururava
revered Lhe mosL 1hey Lherefore adopLed human forms and came Lo vlslL ururava ururava
LreaLed Lhem wlLh uLmosL respecL and gave Lhem golden seaLs Lo slL on Pe offered Lhem all sorLs
of offerlngs 8uL ln Lhe process uharma recelved more of Lhe offerlngs Lhan ArLha and kama
1hls angered ArLha and kama ?ou wlll be desLroyed ArLha cursed ururava ?ou wlll go
mad over urvashl kama cursed ururava 8uL uharma blessed ururava ?ou wlll llve for
long and you wlll never devlaLe from Lhe rlghLeous paLh he sald ?our descendanLs wlll rule
for ever
Pavlng Lhus cursed and blessed ururava uharma ArLha and kama dlsappeared Cn one
parLlcular occaslon ururava was drlvlng hls charloL Lhrough a foresL Pe suddenly found LhaL a
demon named keshl was abducLlng an apsara (dancer of heaven) 1hls apsara was none oLher
Lhan urvashl ururava defeaLed Lhe demon and rescued urvashl Pe resLored her Lo lndra Lhe
klng of Lhe gods lndra was dellgLhed aL Lhls acL and lndra and ururava became frlends 1he sage
8haraLa LaughL manklnd how Lo slng and dance 1o celebraLe urvashl's reLurn lndra asked
8haraLa Lo sLage a performance As arLlsLes 8haraLa chose Lhree apsaras 1hey were Menaka
urvashl and 8ambha Menaka and 8ambha danced as Lhey should 8uL urvashlw as aLLracLed by
klng ururava and kepL looklng aL hlm 1he resulL was LhaL urvashl fell ouL of sLep 1hls angered
8haraLa and he cursed urvashl LhaL she would have Lo spend flfLyflve years on earLh Cn earLh
urvashl marrled ururava and Lhey had elghL sons named Ayu urldayau Ashvayu uhanayu
uhrlLamana vasu Shuchlvldya and ShaLayu
?A?A1l
ln Lhe lunar llne Lhere was a klng named nahusha and nahusha's son was ?ayaLl ?ayaLl had Lwo
wlves SharmlshLha and uevayanl SharmlshLha was Lhe daughLer of vrlshaparva Lhe klng of Lhe
danavas (demons) And uevayanl's faLher was Shukracharya Lhe precepLor of Lhe demons
uevayanl gave blrLh Lo ?adu and 1urvasu and SharmlshLha gave blrLh Lo uruhya Anu and uru
?ayaLl ruled Lhe world exLremely well for many years Pe performed many ya[nas
8uL evenLually he grew old 1he problem was LhaL alLhough ?ayaLl grew old he was noL yeL Llred
of sensual pleasures Pe sLlll deslred Lo savour Lhe [oys LhaL Lhe world had Lo offer ?ayaLl Lold hls
flve sons 8ecause of Shukracharya's curse an unLlmely old age has come upon me and l am
noL conLenL wlLh whaL l have savoured of llfe l requesL one of you Lo glve me hls youLh and
accepL my old age ln reLurn When l have saLed myself wlLh worldly pleasures l wlll Lake back
my old age and reLurn Lhe youLh LxcepL for uru Lhe oLher four sons flaLly refused such an
exchange 1hey had no deslre Lo parL wlLh Lhelr valued youLh 1hey were Lhereupon cursed by
Lhelr faLher
As for uru he sald lease accepL my youLh and be happy lL ls my duLy Lo serve and l wlll
gladly Lake upon me your old age lor a Lhousand years ?ayaLl savoured Lhe pleasures of Lhe
world wlLh uru's youLh A Lhousand years were noL Lhan enough Lo saLlsfy ?ayaLl Pe accepLed
hls old age and reLurned uru's youLh Pe blessed uru for hls obedlence and announced Lo Lhe
word LhaL uru was hls only Lrue son uru lnherlLed Lhe klngdom afLer ?ayaLl Pls descendanLs were
known as Lhe auravas lL was ln
Lhls llne LhaL klng 8haraLa was born lL ls afLer 8haraLa LhaL Lhe land we llve ln ls known as
8haraLavarsha
1he sages lnLerrupLed Lomaharshana ?ou are golng Loo fasL 1hey sald WhaL ls Lhls curse of
Shukracharya's LhaL ?ayaLl referred Lo? ?ou have forgoLLen Lo Lell us abouL LhaL l wlll replled
Lomaharshana 8uL flrsL leL me Lell you abouL kacha and uevayanl kACPA Anu
uLvA?Anl
1he gods and Lhe demons foughL wlLh each oLher all Lhe Llme 8rlhaspaLl was Lhe precepLor of Lhe
gods and Shukracharya was Lhe precepLor of Lhe demons Shukracharya knew a wonderful arL
known as mrlLasan[lvanl 1hls was Lhe knowledge of brlnglng back dead people Lo llfe
Slnce Shukracharya knew Lhls arL Lhe gods were ln a Lerrlble flx Any demons whom Lhe gods
kllled were prompLly broughL back Lo llfe by Shukracharya 8uL 8rlhaspaLl knew no such arL So
any gods LhaL Lhe demons kllled sLayed dead 1he gods pondered abouL Lhls problem and flnally
arrlved aL a soluLlon 8rlhaspaLl had a son named kacha 1he gods Lold kacha Co and become
Shukracharya's dlsclple 1ry Lo learn Lhe arL of mrlLasan[lvanl from hlm Shukracharya has a
beauLlful daughLer named uevayanl 1ry Lo curry her favour so LhaL your Lask may become
easler
kacha wenL Lo Shukracharya lease accepL me as your dlsclple he sald l am Lhe greaL
8rlhaspaLl's son l wlll serve you falLhfully for a Lhousand years Slnce no menLlon was made of
mrlLasan[lvanl Shukracharya gladly agreed Lo Lhs proposlLlon kacha llved wlLh Shukracharya
and served hls guru (Leacher) Pe became frlendly wlLh uevayanl and uevayanl sLarLed Lo fall ln
love wlLh kacha llve hundred years passed 1he demons goL Lo know LhaL kacha was
8rlhaspaLl's son Slnce Lhey haLed 8rlhaspaLl Lhey haLed kacha as well kacha was ln Lhe hablL
of Laklng Shukracharya's caLLle Lo Lhe foresL Lo graze When kacha was alone ln Lhe foresL Lhe
demons selzed Lhelr chance 1hey slew kacha and fed hls body Lo Lhe Llgers ln Lhe evenlng Lhe
caLLle reLurned home alone kacha was noL wlLh Lhem
Seelng Lhls uevayanl Lold her faLher 1he caLLle have reLurned home wlLhouL kacha l am
cerLaln LhaL someone has kllled hlm l am ln love wlLh kacha and cannoL survlve wlLhouL hlm
lease do someLhlng uo noL worry Shukracharya Lold uevayanl l wlll brlng kacha back Lo
llfe wlLh Lhe arL of mrlLasanl[lvanl As soon as Shukracharya reclLed Lhe maglcal manLra
(lncanLaLlon) kacha appeared before Lhem hale and hearLy uays passed kacha wenL Lo Lhe
foresL once more Lhls Llme Lo pluckflowers 1he demons kllled hlm agaln 8uL Lhls Llme Lhey
burnL Lhe dead body and mlxed Lhe ashes ln a gobleL of wlne 1hey Lhen served Lhe wlne Lo
Shukracharya Lo drlnk When kacha dld noL reLurn uevayanl agaln Lold her faLher l am cerLaln
LhaL someone has kllled kacha l cannoL survlve wlLhouL hlm lease do someLhlng
1hrough Lhls powers Shukracharya dlscovered whaL had happened Pe Lold hls daughLer We
have a real problem on our hands kacha ls lnslde my sLomach l can revlve kacha by
summonlng hlm Lhrough mrlLasan[lvanl 8uL ln Lhe process he wlll have Lo Lear asunder my body
and l shall dle 1ell me beloved daughLer whlch do you wanL ? LlLher kacha or your faLehr wlll
llve l refuse Lhe cholce replled uevayanl 8oLh you and kacha musL llve l cannoL survlvewlLhouL
elLher Shukracharya Lhen declded LhaL Lhere was only one way ouL Pe addressed
kacha who was lnslde hls sLomach and LaughL hlm Lhe words of Lhe mrLasan[lvanl manLra Pe
Lhen reclLed Lhe words hlmself and ouL came kacha Shukracharya's body was Lorn aparL and Lhe
sage dled
8uL kacha had learnL Lhe words of Lhe manLra Pe now reclLed Lhem Lo brlng Shukracharya back
Lo llfe kacha Lhus learnL whaL he had seL ouL Lo achleve AfLer spendlng a Lhousand years wlLh
Shukracharya he prepared Lo reLurn Lo heaven Where are you golng? asked uevayanl uo
you noL know LhaL l am ln love wlLh you? lease marry me l am afrald LhaL l cannoL do LhaL
replled kacha ?ou are my guru's daughLer 1herefore you are my superlor [usL as my guru ls
my superlor l cannoL marry you Moreover l have spenL some Llme lnslde hls body And when l
came ouL lL was as lf a son had been born from hlm ?ou are Lherefore my slsLer Pow can l
posslbly marry you? 1hus spurned uevayanl became very angry ?ou are playlng wlLh
words she sald l curse you LhaL alLhough you have learnL Lhe arL of mrlLasan[lvanl lL wlll
prove Lo be of no use Lo you ?ou have needlessly cursed me reLorLed kacha l Loo curse you
LhaL no brahmana wlll ever marry you and LhaL you wlll never geL whaLever lL ls LhaL you wlsh
for
SPA8MlSP1PA Anu uLvA?Anl
SharmlshLha was Lhe daughLer of vrlshaparva Lhe klng of Lhe danavas SharmlshLha and
uevayanl were greaL frlends unLll lndra played some mlschlef 1he Lwo frlends had gone Lo
baLhe ln a pond and had lefL Lhelr cloLhes on Lhe bank lndra adopLed Lhe form of a breeze and
mlxed up Lhe cloLhes When SharmlshLha donned her cloLhes afLer havlng had her baLh she puL
on uevayanl's cloLhes by mlsLake uevayanl sald Pow dare you wear my cloLhes ? My faLher ls
your faLher's Leacher and you are my lnferlor ln every respecL ?ou have no buslness Lo puL on
my cloLhes l am noL your lnferlor 8eplled SharmlshaLha lL ls you who are my lnferlor My
faLher ls Lhe klng and your faLher Lhrlves on my faLher's generolsLy 1he Lwo frlends sLarLed Lo
quarrel SharmlshLha flung uevayanl lnLo a well and lefL her Lhere Laklng her Lo be dead
AL LhaL Llme klng ?ayaLl came Lo Lhe foresL on a hunL Pe was LhlrsLy and looked for some waLer
When he found Lhe well he dlscovered uevayanl lnslde lL Pe rescued uevayanl ?ayaLl also fell
ln love wlLh her so LhaL Lhe Lwo goL marrled Shukracharya goL Lo know abouL all Lhls and was
furlous aL Lhe LreaLmenL LhaL SharmlshLha had meLed ouL Lo hls daughLer Pe LhreaLened Lo leave
Lhe demons vrlshaparva dld hls besL Lo persuade Shukracharya noL Lo leave Lhem buL
Shukracharya lnslsLed LhaL he would sLay only lf uevayanl was paclfled vrlshaparva promlsed Lo
glve uevayanl whaLever lL was LhaL she wlshed for SharmlshLha has lnsulLed me sald
uevayanl She has called me her lnferlor My mlnd wlll be seL aL resL only lf SharmlshLha serves
as a servanL vrlshaparva agree Lo Lhls condlLon and SharlsLha became uevayanl's servanL
LogeLher wlLh one Lhousand oLher demon women
AfLer ?ayaLl and uevayanl goL marrled Shukracharya Lold ?ayaLl Sharmlsha ls uevayanl's
servanL and you are marrled Lo uevayanl under no clrcumsLances marry SharmlshLha oLherwlse
l am golng Lo curse ln due course uevayanl gave blrLh Lo ?adu and 1urvasu SharmlshLha had
secreLly marrled ?ayaLl and she Loo gave blrLh Lo uruhya Anu and uru Pow came you Lo have
sons? Asked uevayanl Who ls your husband? My husband ls a brahmana replled SharmlshLha l
do noL know hls name 8uL when uevayanl asked uruhya Anu and uru abouL
Lhelr faLher Lhe LruLh came ouL 1hey Lold her LhaL Lhey were klng ?ayaLl's sons ?ou have
lnsulLed me uevayanl Lold ?ayaLl Wlll remaln your wlfe no longer ?ou have marrled my
servanL
Shukracharya was also furlous ?ayaLl had gone agalnsL hls wlshes and had marrled
SharmlshLha Shukracharya cursed ?ayaLl LhaL old age would seL upon Lhe klng alLhough he was
sLlll ln Lhe prlme of youLh lease do noL curse me sald ?ayaLl l am marrled Lo your daughLer
l wlsh Lo llve wlLh her as her husband uo you wlsh your sonlnlaw Lo be an old servanL? My
curse cannoL be llfLed replled Shukracharya 8uL l wlll Lry and mlLlgaLe Lhe effecLs l granL you
Lhe power LhaL you can pass on Lhls old age Lo whomsoever you wlsh lL was Lhls old age LhaL
uru accepLed
M8l1ASAn!lvAnl
8uL whaL abouL mrlLasany[lvanl? asked Lhe sages ?ou haven'L Lold us how Shukracharya
came Lo acqulre Lhls wonderful knowledge Lomaharshana Lold Lhem Lhe followlng sLory 1he
gods and Lhe demons foughL all Lhe Llme and Lhe demons were someLlmes worsLed ln Lhese
encounLers Shukracharya consoled Lhe demons uo noL worry he sald l wlll Lry and acqulre
powers LhaL wlll make Lhe demons lnvlnclble l am golng off Lo pray Whlle l am gone do noL
flghL wlLh Lhe gods Clve up arms and lead Lhe llves of hermlLs WalL Llll my reLurn
Shukracharya's faLher was Lhe sage 8rhrlgu 1he demons were lnsLrucLed Lo walL ln 8hrlgu's
hermlLage for Shukracharya's reLurn 1he precepLor of Lhe demons began Lo pray Lo Shlva When
Shlva appeared Shukracharya Lold hlm LhaL he wlshed Lo be LaughL a manLra LhaL would make Lhe
demons lnvlnclble l wlll granL your requesL sald Shlva 8uL you wlll have Lo observed a
dlfflculL vraLa (rellglous rlLe) lor a Lhousand years you wlll have Lo medlLaLe And you wlll have
Lo llve only on smoke Shukracharya agreed Lo observe Lhe vraLa
Meanwhlle Lhe gods goL Lo know whaL Shukracharya was up Lo 1hey reallzed LhaL once
Shukracharya reLurned Lhey would be ln no poslLlon Lo Lackle Lhe demons 1he besL Lhlng Lo do
was Lo aLLack Lhe demons lmmedlaLely when Lhey had glven up arms and were llvlng as hermlLs
1he demons Lrled Lo Lell Lhe gods LhaL Lhls was noL falr 1hey should noL be aLLacked when Lhey
had forsaken arms 8uL Lhe gods would noL llsLen 1hey sLarLed Lo klll Lhe demons 1he demons
fled Lo Shukracharya's moLher 8hrlgu's wlfe for proLeclon uo noL despalr she assured Lhe
demons l wlll proLecL you When Lhe gods aLLacked Lhe lady used her powers Lo make lndra
compleLely lmmoblle lndra could noL move aL all Pe sLood Lhere llke a sLaLue 1hls sLrange slghL
unverved Lhe gods so much LhaL Lhey sLarLed Lo run away vlshnu came Lo help lndra Pe Lold
lndra Lo enLer hls body so LhaL vlshnu mlghL be able Lo save hlm l wlll burn boLh of you up
Lhrough my powers sald Shukracharya's moLher WhaL are you walLlng for? lndra asked
vlshnu CanL you see LhaL Lhls woman wlll desLroy us boLh? klll her aL once vlshnu
summoned up hls sudarshana chakra and wlLh Lhls he neaLly severed Lhe lady's head
1he sage 8hrlgu was noL presenL aL LhaL Llme When he reLurned and found ouL whaL had
happened he was greaLly angered vlshnu had commlLLed Lhe crlme of kllllng a woman 8hrlgu
Lherefore cursed vlshnu LhaL he would have Lo be born several Llmes on earLh 1hese are vlshnu's
avaLaras (lncarnaLlons) As for hls own wlfe 8hrlgu resurrecLed her Lhrough hls powers lndra had a
daughLer named !ayanLl Pavlng falled ln hls aLLempL Lo klll Lhe demons lndra reasoned
LhaL he oughL Lo Lry and dlsLurb Shukracharya's medlLaLlon Pe Lherefore senL !ayanLl Lo Lhe place
where Shukracharya was praylng Per lnsLrucLlons were Lo Lry and dlsLracL Lhe sage !ayanLl
served Shukracharya falLhfully LhroughouL Lhe appolnLed perlod of a Lhousand years When Lhe
vraLa was over Shlva appeared before Shukracharva and LaughL hlm Lhe arL of mrlLasan[lvanl
lL was Lhen LhaL Shukracharya noLlced !ayanLl Who are you? he asked And why have you
been servlng me Lhus? l am exceedlngly pleased wlLh whaL you have done 1ell me whaL l can do
for you lf you wlsh Lo granL me a boon marry me and llve as my husband for Len years
replled !ayanLl Shukracharya was lured away by !ayanLl lndra was benL upon ensurlng Lhe
desLrucLlon of Lhe demons and he now hlL upon a plan Pe asked 8rlhaspaLl Lo adopL
Shukracharya's form and go Lo Lhe demons 1he demons were expecLlng Lhelr guru back afLer Lhe
Lhousand years were over and Look 8rlhaspaLl Lo be Shukracharya 1hey honoured hlm and
served hlm falLhfully When Lhe Len years wlLh !ayanLl were over Shukracharya reLurned and
dlscovered 8rlhaspaLl among Lhe demons Who ls Lhls upsLarL?' he demanded Lo know Clve
hlm up and seek refuge wlLh me l am Lhe real Shukracharya noL aL all replled 8rlhaspaLl l
am Lhe real Shukracharya 1he demons were bemused
8rlhaspaLl and Shukracharya were as allke as Lwo peas ln a pod Lhere was no way of Lelllng Lhe
aparL 1hey flnally reasoned LhaL Lhe person who had been llvlng wlLh Lhem for Lhe lasL Len years
musL be Lhelr real guru 1hey Lherefore accepLed 8rlhaspaLl and shooed Shukracharya away
Shukracharya cursed Lhe demons LhaL Lhey were bound Lo be desLroyed As soon as Shukracharya
cursed Lhe demons 8rlhaspaLl adopLed hls own form 1he demons reallzed LhaL Lhey had been
Lrlcked buL Lhe harm had been done
1PL u8AnAS
Lomaharshana now gave Lhe sages a llsL of Lhe elghLeen mahapuranas ln Lhe beglnnlng Lhere
was only one urana 1he sage vedavyasa dlvlded Lhls orlglnal urana lnLo elghLeen
mahapuranas 1he mahapuranas have four lakh shlokas all LogeLher and Lhelr names are as
follows (l) 1he 8rahma urana 1hls was orlglnally reclLed by 8rahma Lo Lhe sage Marlchl and
has LhlrLeen Lhousand shlokas 1hls LexL should be donaLed on a full moon nlghL (purnlma) ln Lhe
monLh of valshakha Such a donaLlon brlngs undylng punya (ll) 1he adma urana 1hls has
flfLyflve Lhousand shlokas and should be donaLed ln Lhe monLh of !yalshLha (lll) 1he vlshnu
urana 1hls was flrsL reclLed by Lhe sage arashara and has LwenLyLhree Lhousand shlokas lL ls
ausplclous Lo donaLe Lhls LexL ln Lhe monLh of Ashada (lv) 1he vayu urana 1hls has LwenLyfour
Lhousand shlokas and was flrsL reclLed by Lhe wlndgod vayu lL should be donaLed ln Lhe
monLh of Shravana (v) 1he 8hagavaLa urana 1hls has elghLeen Lhousand shlokas and should
be donaLed ln Lhe monLh of 8hadra on Lhe nlghL of Lhe full moon (vl) 1he narada urana Lhls
was flrsL reclLed by Lhe sage narada and has LwenLyflve Lhousand shokas lL should be donaLed
on Lhe nlghL of Lhe new moon (amavasya) ln Lhe monLh of Ashvlna (vll) 1he Markandeya
urana 1hls has nlne Lhousand shlokas A person deslrous of obLalnlng punya should donaLe Lhls
LexL ln monLh of Margashlrsa (vlll) 1he Agnl urana 1hls was flrsL reclLed by Lhe flregod Agnl
Lo Lhe sage vashlshLha lL has slxLeen Lhousand shlokas and should be donaLed ln Lhe monLh of
Margashlrsha (lx) 1he 8havlshya urana 8rahma hlmself was Lhe flrsL reclLer of Lhls urana
and lL has fourLeen Lhousand and flve hundred shlokas lL ls prlmarlly concerned wlLh whaL ls due Lo
happen ln Lhe fuLure 1he LexL should be donaLed on Lhe occaslon of purnlma ln Lhe monLh of
ousha (x) 1he 8rahmavalvarLa urana 1hls was flrsL reclLed by Savarnl Manu Lo Lhe sage
narada lL has elghLeen Lhousand shlokas and should be donaLed on purnlma ln Lhe monLh of
Magha (xl) 1he Llnga urana 8rahma reclLed Lhls flrsL and lL has eleven Lhousand sholkas
unya ls acqulred lf Lhls LexL ls donaLed ln Lhe monLh of lalguna (xll) 1he varaha urana 1he
greaL vlshnu flrsL reclLed Lhls Lo Lhe earLh lL has LwenLyfour Lhousand shlokas and ls Lo be
donaLed ln Lhe monLh of ChalLra (xlll) 1he Skanda urana 1hls was composed by Lhe god
Skanda or karLlkeya lL has elghLyone Lhousand shlokas and one deslrous of punya donaLes Lhe
LexL ln Lhe monLh of ChalLra (xlv) 1he vamana urana 8rahma was Lhe flrsL person Lo reclLe
Lhls lL has Len Lhousand shlokas and Lhe LexL should be donaLed ln early auLumn (sharaL) (xv) 1he
kurma urana vlshnu reclLed Lhls ln hls form of a LurLle lL has elghLeen Lhousand shlokas and
should be donaLed aL Lhe Llme of Lhe equlnoxes (xvl) 1he MaLsya urana vlshnu reclLed Lhls ln
hls form of a flsh Lo Manu lL has fourLeen Lhousand shlokas and should be donaLed aL Lhe Llme of
Lhe equlnoxes (xvll) 1he Caruda urana krlshna was Lhe flrsL person Lo reclLe Lhls and lL has
elghLeen Lhousand shlokas (xvlll) 1he 8rahmanda urana 8rahma reclLed Lhls and lL has Lwelve
Lhousand and Lwo hundred shlokas 8uL Lhese uranas as sLaLed are merely for human
consumpLlon Much longer verslons are read by Lhe gods 1he LoLal number of shlokas ln Lhe
uranas LhaL Lhe gods read ls one hundred crores
18lu8A
1here was a danava named Maya !usL as vlshvakarma was Lhe archlLecL of Lhe gods Maya was
Lhe archlLecL of Lhe demons When Lhe demons were defeaLed by Lhe gods Maya sLarLed Lo
perfrom very dlfflculL Lapasya so LhaL Lhe gods mlghL be defeaLed Maya's medlLaLlon lnsplred
Lwo oLher demons Lo also medlLaLe 1helr names were vldyunmall and 1araka 1he medlLaLlon
was so dlfflculL LhaL Lhe world marvelled aL Lhe slghL of whaL Lhe demons were dolng
llnally 8rahma was pleased aL all Lhls efforL and appeared before Lhe demons l am pleased
wlLh whaL you have done sald 8rahma WhaL boon do you wanL? We have been defeaLed by
Lhe gods replled Maya We wlsh Lo bulld a forL LhaL Lhe gods wlll noL be able Lo desLroy 1he
forL wlll be named 1rlpura and we wlll llve ln lL and become lmmorLal lmmorLallLy ls a boon
LhaL cannoL be granLed Sald 8rahma lf you wanL seL falrly dlfflculL condlLlons for your
deaLhs very well Lhen replled Maya We wlll be kllled only lf Shlva hlmself desLroys
1rlpura wlLh a slngle arrow LeL LhaL be Lhe appolned meLhod of our deaLhs 1hls boon 8rahma
granLed and Maya began Lhe Lask of consLrucLlng Lhe forL
ln facL he bullL Lhree (Lrl) forLresses (pura) Cne was made of lron Lhe second of sllver and Lhe
Lhlrd of gold normally Lhe forLresses were dlsLlncL 8uL once every Lhousand years when Lhe
nakshaLra ushya was ln Lhe sky Lhe Lhree clLles came LogeLher ln Lhe sky and were called
1rlpura Lach of Lhe forLresses was sLocked wlLh dlverse weapons as proLecLlons agalnsL ralds by
Lhe gods 1araka llved ln Lhe forL made of lron vldyunmall ln Lhe one make o f sllver and Maya
hlmself llved ln Lhe one LhaL was made of gold 1he oLher demons goL Lo know LhaL Lhree
lnvlnclble forLs had been bullL 1hey came and populaLed Lhe Lhree clLles 8uL Lhe demons were
noL evll aL all 1hey observed all sorLs of rellglous rlLes ln parLlcular Lhey were devoLed Lo Shlva
and prayed Lo hlm all Lhe Llme 1hey dld noL wanL Shlva Lo be angry wlLhL Lhem lL was afLer all
Shlva alone who could be Lhe lnsLrumenL for Lhelr desLrucLlon 8uL evenLually Lhe demons became
lnLoxlcaLed wlLh Lhelr own power and came upon evll ways
1hey warred upon oLher llvlng belngs and sLarLed Lo oppress Lhe unlverse Maya dld Lry Lo
persuade Lhem Lo mend Lhelr ways buL Lhe demons would noL llsLen Lo Maya's good advlce All
Lhe llvlng belngs ln Lhe unlverse wenL Lo 8rahma Lo complaln lease save us from Lhls
oppresslon 1hey sald lL ls because of your boon LhaL Lhe demons have become so powerful l
cannoL help you replled 8rahma 1he boon ls such LhaL Shlva alone can desLroy 1rlpura LeL
us all pray Lo Shlva 1he gods Lhe sages and Lhe humans sLarLed Lo pray Lo Shlva leased wlLh
Lhese prayers Shlva promlsed Lo desLroy 1rlpura
A speclal charloL was bullL for Shlva Lo rlde ln 8rahma hlmself agreed Lo be Lhe charloLeer 1he
army of Lhe gods goL ready Lo help Shlva ln hls war agalnsL 1rlpura A Lerrlble war raged beLween
Lhe gods and Lhe demons nandl ls one of Shlva's companlons nandl foughL wlLh vldyunmall
and slew Lhe demon afLer a flerce baLLle 8uL Maya knew all sorLs of maglcal Lrlcks Pe was
parLlcularly wellversed ln Lhe use of herbs Maya gave vldyunmall a baLh ln Lhe [ulce of maglcal
herbs and vldyunmall lmmedlaLely revlved 1hls acL greaLly boosLed Lhe demons' morale and
Lhey began Lo flghL wlLh renewed vlgour Any demonswho were kllled were lnsLanLly revlved by
Maya 8uL when Shlva hlmself enLered Lhe fray Lhe demons were puL Lo fllghL Lven Lhe herbs
LhaL resurrecLed dead demons proved Lo be of no avall nandl kllled 1arakasura afLer a flerce
duel
1he demons were dlshearLened buL Maya reassured Lhem uon'L forgeL Lhe boon he sald
1here are only some speclal condlLlons under whlch 1rlpura can be desLroyed CLherwlse lL ls
lndesLrucLlble ushya nakshaLra ls ln Lhe sky now and soon Lhe Lhree clLles wlll come LogeLher as
one 1he only person who can desLroy lL Lhen ls Shlva And he musL do lL wlLh a slngle arrow All
we have Lo do ls ensure LhaL Shlva cannoL shooL Lhe arrow and we are safe 8uL Lhls was easler
sald Lhan done lL was no mean Lask Lo repel Shlva and hls cohorLs nandl kllled vldyunmall a
second Llme As soon as Lhe Lhree clLles came LogeLher Shlva shoL a flamlng arrow whlch
compleLely burnL up 1rlpura and all Lhe demons who were wlLhln 1he only one who was saved
was Maya Pe dld noL dle because he was exLremely devoLed Lo Shlva Lver slnce LhaL day Maya
has llved under Lhe waLer
1PL MLASu8LMLn1 Cl 1lML
1he smallesL unlL of Llme ls a nlmesha Lhls ls Lhe amounL of Llme lL Lakes Lo bllnk llfLeen
nlmeshas make one kashLha and LhlrLy kashLhas are one kala 1hlrLy kalas one muhurLa and Lhere
are LhlrLy muhurLas ln one dlvaraLra (one day) llfLeen muhurLas consLlLuLe Lhe day and flfLeen
muhurLas make up Lhe nlghL Cne monLh for humans ls one day for Lhe ancesLors (plLrl)
Shuklapaksha ls Lhe lunar forLnlghL durlng whlch Lhe moon waxes and krlshnapaksha ls Lhe lunar
forLnlghL durlng whlch Lhe moon wanes Shuklapaksha corresponds Lo nlghL for Lhe ancesLors and
krlshnapaksha corresponds Lo day 1hus LhlrLy human monLhs are merely one monLh for Lhe
ancesLors 1hree hundred and slxLy human monLhs are one year for Lhe ancesoLrs Cne human
year ls one dlvaraLara for Lhe gods 1he human year ls dlvlded lnLo Lwo ayanas each conslsLlng
of slx monLhs 1hese are known as uLLarayana and dakshlnayana uLLarayana ls day for Lhe gods
and dakshlnayana ls nlghL 1hlrLy human years are one monLh for Lhe gods and Lhree hundred and
slxLy human years are one year for Lhe gods 1lme ls dlvlded lnLo four yugas (eras) 1hese are known as
saLya yuga or krlLa yuga LreLa yuga
dvapara yuga and kall yuga 1he lengLhs of Lhese yugas are deflned ln Lerms of years of Lhe gods
SaLya yuga has four Lhousand years of Lhe gods LreLa yuga Lhree Lhousand dvapara yuga Lwo
Lhousand and kall yuga one Lhousand A cycle of saLya yuga LreLa yuga dvapara yuga and kall
yuga ls known as a mahayuga 1hus a mahayuga would seem Lo conslsL of Len Lhousand years of
Lhe gods 8uL Lhls ls noL qulLe correcL ln beLween any Lwo yugas are lnLervenlng perlods known
as sandhyamshas lor example Lhe sandhyamsha for saLya yuga ls four hundred years for LeLa
yuga Lhree hundred years for dvapara yuga Lwo hundred years and for kall yuga one hundred
years Cnce one adds Lhe sandhyamshas a mahayuga adds up Lo Lwelve Lhousand years of Lhe
gods A llLLle over sevenLyone yugas consLlLuLe one manvanLara lourLeen such manvanLaras are
one kalpa A kalpa ls merely one day for 8rahma AL Lhe end of 8rahma's day Lhe unlverse ls
desLroyed lL ls Lhen creaLed afresh when a new day dawns for 8rahma
1PL CPA8AC1L8lS1lCS Cl 1PL ?uCAS
As one progresslvely moves down Lhe scale from saLya yuga Lo kall yuga Lhe power of rlghLeous
dlmlnlshes and evll sLarLs Lo Lrlumph ln LreLa yuga people were rlghLeous 1he sysLem of
varnashrama dharma goes back Lo LreLa yuga 1hls ls Lyplfled ln Lhe prlnclple of four varnas
(classes) and four ashramas (sLages of llfe) 1he four varnas are brhamanas kshaLrlyas valshyas
and shudras Lach class has lLs proper place each lLs asslgned occupaLlons as deLermlned by Lhe
prlnclples of dlvlslon of labour 1he four ashramas are brhamacharya (cellbaLe sLudenLhood)
CarhasLhya (householder sLage) vanaprasLha (foresLdwelllng sLage) and sannyasa (hermlLhood)
Lveryone followed Lhe LeneLs of varnashrama aharma ln LreLa yuga lndlvlduals were equally
handsome and equally wealLhy overLy and dlsease were unknown 1he weaLher was clemenL
and lnlLlaly Lhere was no need Lo bulld houses ClLles and vlllages were noL known eople llved
freely ln Lhe mounLalns and on Lhe shores of Lhe oceans 8uL as people became evll Lhe weaLher
Lurned lnclemenL Pouses had Lo bullL so Lhe people mlghL be proLecLed from Lhe heaL and Lhe
cold ClLles and vlllages were planned and consLrucLed Lvll became even more prevalenL ln
dvapara yuga ln some cases lndlvlduals began Lo pracLlse LhaL whlch was agalnsL Lhe dlcLaLes of
varnashrama dharma 1o brlng men back Lo Lhe rlghLeous paLh Lhe knowledge of Lhe sacred
vedas had Lo be dlssemlnaLed amongsL humans 1o Lhls end Lhe greaL vedavyasa dlvlded Lhe
vedas lnLo four varlous oLher shasLras (sacred LexLs) were also composed ln dvapara yuga
1hese lnclude ayurveda (medlclne) [yoLlsha (asLronomy) and arLhashasLra (economlcs) PaLred
[ealousy warfare and oLher evlls flrsL orlglnaLed ln dvapara yuga lndlvlduals dld noL sLlck Lo
Lhelr own classes whlle marrylng and crossbreeds sLarLed Lo be born 8uL some remnanLs of
rlghLeousness could sLlll be found so LhaL average llfe expecLancles amounLed Lo Lwo Lhousand
years kall yuga ls Lhe worsL of Lhe four eras 1hefL haLred falsehood fraudulence and egoLlsm
become Lhe norm As a naLural corollary Lo such evlls droughL and famlne recur agaln and agaln
LvenL Lhe brahmans are led asLray 1hey do noL sLudy Lhe vedas nor do Lhey perform ya[nas 1he
brahmanas degeneraLe so much LhaL Lhey mlx wlLh shudras As for Lhe shudras Lhey become
klngs Can anyLhlng more rldlculous be lmaglned? Shudras even sLarL Lo sLudy Lhe vedas Lvll
always has lLs effecL ulsease becomes rampanL and llfe expecLancles go down
vA!8AnACAlndra had kllled many of ulLl's chlldren Lhe dalLyas ulLl had wlshed Lo obLaln a son who
would
klll lndra 8uL because she had noL been able Lo adhere Lo Lhe sLlpulaLed rellglous rlLes Lhe sons
who had been born had become frlends and companlons of lndra 8uL lndra conLlnued Lo aLLack
and klll Lhe demons ulLl Lherefore prayed Lo her husband kashyapa yeL agaln LhaL she mlghL
have a son who would defeaL lndra ?our wlsh wlll be granLed sald kashyapa 8uL you wlll
have Lo medlLaLe hard for Len Lhousand years lndra's weapon ls Lhe va[ra and Lhe son who wlll be
born wlll have a body (anga) LhaL ls as Lough as Lhe va[ra wlll be able Lo do hlm no harm ulLl
medlLaLed for Len Lhousand years and ln due course gave blrLh Lo Lhls powerful son va[ranga
was lnvlnclble When va[ranga grew up uldLl Lold her son lndra has kllled many of my sons l
am LhlrsLlng for revenge Co and klll lndra
va[ranga seL for heaven Pe defeaLed lndra very easlly and Lled hlm up Pe Lhen broughL lndra
home Lo hls moLher and prepared Lo klll Lhe klng of Lhe gods lndra's deaLh would have been a
greaL calamlLy and 8rahma and kashyapa rushed Lhere va[ranga Lhey sald lease do noL klll
lndra LeL hlm go lf someone who deserves respecL ls lnsulLed LhaL ls llke deaLh for hlm lndra
has been defeaLed by you Pe has Lherefore been lnsulLed and ls as good as dead 1here ls no
need Lo physlcally klll hlm Moreover Lhe very facL LhaL you are leLLlng lndra go aL our requesL
wlll be known Lo all Lven lf he llves everyone ls golng Lo regard hlm as dead LlsLen Lo our
requesL and leL hlm go
l am noL averse Lo LhaL suggesLlon aL all replled va[ranga l have no lnLenLlon of kllllng lndra
l was merely obeylng my moLher's lnsLrucLlons Pow can l refuse Lwo such revered lndlvlduals
llke you? Cne of you ls Lhe creaLor of Lhe whole unlverse and Lhe oLher one ls my own faLher l
wlll leL lndra go 8uL please granL me a boon CranL me Lhe boon LhaL l may be able Lo perform a
loL of Lapasya 1hls boon was readlly granLed ln addlLlon 8rahma creaLed a beauLlful woman
named varangl and marrled her off Lo va[ranga
va[ranga wenL Lo Lhe foresL Lo medlLaLe lor a Lhousand years he sLood wlLh hls arms ralsed up
Lowards Lhe sky And ln Lhls posLure he medlLaLed Pe Lhen sLood on hls head for a Lhousand
years more and medlLaLed As a flnal parL of Lhe Lapasya he wlshed Lo medlLaLe under Lhe waLer
for a Lhousand years more When va[ranga enLered Lhe waLer hls wlfe varangl paLlenLly walLed
for her husband Lo reLurn And all Lhe whlle she Loo medlLaLed 8uL lndra was noL golng Lo leL
sleeplng dogs lle Pe adopLed Lhe form of a monkey and uprooLed all Lhe Lrees ln varangl's
hermlLage Pe nexL adopLed Lhe form of a sheep and aLe up all Lhe grass LhaL was Lhere As a
snake he Lrled Lo blLe Lhe lady llnally he adopLed Lhe form of a cloud and drenched Lhe
hermlLage ln LorrenLs of raln Slnce varangl was medlLaLlng she was ln no poslLlon Lo reLallaLe or
proLecL herself She had Lo bear all Lhese depredaLlons
When Lhe Lhousand years were over va[ranga reLurned Pe was shocked Lo learn of Lhe LorLures
LhaL hls wlfe had been sub[ecLed Lo by lndra Pe began Lo medlLae agaln 1hls Llme he wlshed for
a son who would klll lndra 8rahma appeared and granLed va[ranga Lhe deslred boon ?ou wlll
have a son who wlll be Lhe scourge of Lhe gods sald 8rahma Pe wlll be called 1araka lor a
Lhousand years varangl bore Lhe baby ln her womb When 1araka was born Lhe earLh Lrembled
and Lldal waves were creaLed ln Lhe ocean llerce sLorms sLarLed Lo rage Wlld anlmals re[olced
and Lhe sages shuddered ln due course 1araka was crowned Lhe klng of Lhe demons1A8AkA'S
1AAS?A
1arka was hell benL upon defeaLlng Lhe gods 8uL he reallze LhaL prlor Lo waglng war on Lhe
gods he would have Lo become powerful Such powers could noL be aLLalned Lhrough Lapasya
1araka wenL Lo Lhe arlparLa mounLalns and selecLed a cave Lhere for hls medlLaLlon lor some
days 1araka aLe noLhlng for some more days he survlved only on waLer and on oLher days he aLe
only leaves Lvery day he sllced off some flesh from hls body and offered lL Lo Lhe flre as a Loken
of hls devoLlon All Lhls hardshlp pleased 8rahma and he appeared before 1araka Lnough ls
enough sald 8rahma l am pleased aL your devoLlon WhaL boon can l granL you? l wanL Lo
flghL wlLh Lhe gods replled 1araka 1he gods have been glvlng Lhe demons a hard Llme and l
lnLended Lo reverse Lhe Llde lease granL me Lhe boon LhaL l may be lnvlnclble and lmmorLal
lmmorLallLy ls noL a boon LhaL can be granLed Lo any llvlng belng Sald 8rahma All llvlng
belngs musL dle 8uL lf you wanL seL falrly dlfflculL condlLlons for your deaLh ln LhaL case
please granL me Lhe boon LhaL l can only be kllled by a seven year old chlld requesLed 1araka
8rahma gladly granLed Lhls boon
1PL WA8 8L1WLLn 1PL CCuS Anu 1PL uLMCnS
lorLlfled wlLh 8rahma's boon 1araka sLarLed Lo rule Lhe demons AfLer some years had passed
and afLer 1araka had ralsed a sLrong army he declded Lo aLLack heaven A huge army of demons
was accordlngly ralsed 1here were Lhousands of elephanLs horses and charloLs ln Lhe army
AparL from 1araka Lhe ma[or generals ln Lhe army were !ambha ku[ambha Mahlsha kun[ara
Megha kalaneml nlml MaLhana !ambhaka and Shumbha ulverse were Lhe weapons LhaL Lhe
demons armed Lhemselves wlLh 1he gods also prepared Lhemselves for Lhe war havlng flrsL
appolnLed ?ama as Lhelr general ?ama rode lnLo baLLle on a bufflao lndra had hls charloL
drlven by hls charloLeer MaLall 1he flregod Agnl rode on a goaL and varuna Lhe lord of Lhe
oceans rode a snake AmongsL Lhe oLher gods who were ln Lhe army were Chandra Surya and
kubera Lhe god of prosperlLy and wealLh 1he war was Lerrlble Lo behold 1he LrumpeLlng of
elephanLs Lhe nelghlng of horses and Lhe beaLlng of drums made a Lerrlble rackeL Above all Lhls
Lhere was Lhe nolse of weapons clanglng and bows Lwanglng CharloLs foughL wlLh CharloLs
elephanLs wlLh elephanLs horses wlLh horses and fooLsoldlers wlLh fooLsoldlers 1he sky was
Lhlck wlLh spears maces axes swords LrldenLs clubs and arrows flylng around uead bodles
llLLered Lhe baLLlefleld and rlvers of blood began Lo flow ?ama foughL a flerce duel wlLh a demon
named Crasana and kubera foughL wlLh !ambha ku[ambha also foughL wlLh kubera and puL
kubera Lo fllghL kalaneml foughL wlLh boLh Chandra and Surya 1he Lwo Ashvlnls recelved a
sound Lhrashlng aL kalaneml's hands 1he news LhaL Lhe gods were belng slaughLered reached
vlshnu and vlshnu [olned Lhe flghL
1he demons lmmedlaLely aLLacked vlshnu buL were no maLch for hlm Cne of vlshnu's maces
knocked kalaneml unconsclous vlshnu's cakra sllced off Crasana's head !ambha dld manage
Lo knock vlshnu unconsclous wlLh a club 8uL lndra slew !ambha wlLh a dlvlne weapon 1he
Lrouble however was wlLh 1araka When he came Lo flghL Lhe gods had no opLlon buL Lo flee
1hose who dld noL were capLured and lmprlsoned 1he demon won a resoundlng vlcLory
88APMA'S AuvlCL1hose of Lhe gods who had survlved Lhe baLLle and were sLlll free sLarLed Lo pray Lo
8rahma
WhaL can l do for you? asked 8rahma Why are all of you looklng so despondenL? ?ou are
Lhe one who ls responslble for our mlsforLune replled Lhe gods ?ou have granLed 1araka a
boon LhaL has made hlm vlrLally lnvlnclble Armed wlLh Lhls boon he ls oppresslng Lhe unlverse
and has soundly Lhrashed us WhaL are we Lo do now? 1here ls no cause for such
despondency sald 8rahma 1araka ls noL lmmorLal Pe wlll be slaln by a seven year old chlld
unforLunaLely LhaL chlld has noL yeL been born Pe wlll be Lhe son of Shlva 1he problem ls LhaL
Shlva ls unmarrled Pe was earller marrled Lo SaLl buL SaLl lmmolaLed herself aL Lhe Llme of a
ya[na She has now been reborn as arvaLl 1he Lask aL hand ls Lo geL Shlva and arvaLl marrled
1helr son wlll klll 1araka
lL was necessary Lo make Shlva fall ln love wlLh arvaLl Madana Lhe god of love was senL by
lndra Lo Shlva's hermlLage so LhaL Lhls mlghL be achleved 8uL because Lhls dlsLurbed Shlva's
medlLaLlon Shlva burnL Madana up Meanwhlle arvaLl had begun Lo perform Lapasya so LhaL
she mlghL have Shlva for a husband lor one hundred years more she aLe only one leaf a day
And for Lhe flnal hundred years she medlLaLed fasLlng 1he seven greaL sages wenL and Lold
Shlva abouL arvaLl's Lapasya and Shlva agreed Lo marry arvaLl 1he marrlage Look place amldsL
a greaL deal of fanfare All Lhe rlvers and Lhe mounLalns came Lo aLLend Lhe ceremony So dld Lhe
sages Lhe gods Lhe gandharvas Lhe apsaras and Lhe yakshas 8rahma hlmself acLed as Lhe prlesL
for Lhe marrlage ceremony
kALl 8LCCMLS CCu8l
Cn one parLlcular occaslon Shlva addressed arvaLl as kall 1he word kall means dark and
arvaLl LhoughL LhaL Shlva referrlng Lo her dark complexlon She dld noL reallze LhaL Shlva was
merely Lrylng Lo Lease her a blL CreaLly lncensed aL Lhe lmaglned sllghL arvarLl declded LhaL she
would medlLaLe so LhaL she mlghL become falr She wore cloLhlng made of barks of Lrees and
performed Lapasya ln Lhe summer she prayed lnslde a raglng flre and ln Lhe wlnLer she prayed
under Lhe waLer SomeLlmes she aLe only rooLs and frulLs AL oLher Llmes she fasLed rlor Lo
leavlng for her Lapasaya arvaLl had lnsLrucLed nandl LhaL he was Lo sLand guard aL Shlva's door
and permlL no oLher woman Lo enLer
1here was a demon named Adl 1hls fellow had performed a loL of Lapasya and had manage Lo
please 8rahma When 8rahma agreed Lo granL hlm a boon Adl asked for Lhe boon of
lmmorLallLy 8rahma naLurally refused Lhls boon Pe however granLed Adl Lhe boon LhaL Lhe
demon would dle only when he changd hls form Lwlce noL oLherwlse Adl happened Lo come Lo
Shlva and arvaLl's house and dlscovered nandl sLandlng guard aL Lhe door Wonderlng whaL
Lhere was Lo be guarded he adopLed Lhe form of a snake and sllLhered ln nandl dld noL noLlce Lhe
snake buL Lhls was Adl's flrsL LransformaLlon lnslde Lhe house Adl encounLered Shlva and
LhoughL LhaL he would play a Lrlck on Shlva Pe adopLed arvaLl's form 1hls was hls second
LransformaLlon ln Lhe form of arvaLl Adl wenL up Lo Shlva and greeLed hlm lnlLlally Shlva dld
noL reallze LhaL Lhls was noL arvaLl Pe greeLed Lhe demon and sald uarllng l am dellghLed LhL
you have reLurned l can see LhaL your rage has cooled down 8uL ln a llLLle whlle Shlva reallzed
LhaL Lhls was noL arvaLl Pe slew Lhe demon Meanwhlle arvaLl was conLlnulng wlLh her
Lapsaya and pleased 8rahma wlLh her prayers 8rahma granLed her Lhe boon LhaL she would
become falr Slnce Lhe word gourl means falr arvaLl was LhereafLer known as Courl A goddess named
koushlkl emerged ouL of arvaLl's cells Lhus named because Lhe word kosha means cell
1he darkness of arvLl's complexlon enLered koushlkl's body 8rahma requesLed Lhe goddess
koushlkl Lo go and llve ln Lhe vlndhya mounLalns She ls Lherefore also known as
vlndhyavaslnl
kA81lkL?A Anu 1A8AkA
karLlkeya or Skanda was born afLer some days 1he boys shone wlLh Lhe radlance of a Lhousand
suns and had slx (shada) faces (anana) Pe was Lherefore also known as Shadanana 1he gods
armed karLlkeya wlLh dlverse weapons and appolnLed hlm Lhelr general 1hey requesLed hlm Lo
klll Lhe demon 1araka and arrangemenLs were made for Lhe baLLle When 1araka saw karLlkeya
he sald WhaL ls a boy llke you dolng ln a baLLlefleld? Co and play wlLh a ball lnsLead
A baLLlefleld ls noL Lhe place for ldle Lalk replled karLlkeya Show me your prowess lnsLead
AL Lhese words 1araka flung a club aL karLlkeya 8uL karLlkeya easlly repelled Lhe club wlLh a
va[ra 1he demon nexL hurled an axe buL karLlkeya efforLless caughL Lhe axe ln hls hand Pe Lhen
sLruck Lhe demon wlLh a club of hls own 1hls angered 1araka so much LhaL Lhe demon showered
all sorLs of weapons on karLlkeya 8uL Lhe boy repelled all of Lhese and sLarLed Lo klll demons
wlLh hls own weapons Many demons fled ln dlsmay As for 1araka hlmself karLlkeya's spear
plerced hlm ln Lhe chesL and kllled hlm 1hus lL was LhaL 8rahma's boon became Lrue
Pl8An?AkASPlu
ulLl had a son named Plranyakashlpu 1hls demon medlLaLed for eleven Lhousand years under
Lhe waLer 1hroughL Lhls perlod he dld noL eaL or Lalk aL all 1hese medlLaLlons pleased 8rahma
and 8rahma offered Lo granL Plranyakaslpu a boon WhaL boon do you wlsh for? he asked lf
you are pleased granL me Lhe followlng boon replled Lhe demon l wlll noL be kllled by gods
demons gandharvas yakshas rakshasas or snakes l wlll noL be kllled by humans or ghosLs 1he
sages wlll noL be able Lo curse me l wlll noL kllled by a weapon a mounLaln or a Lree l wlll noL
be kllled durlng Lhe day or aL nlghL l wlll noL be kllled by someLhlng LhaL ls dry or by someLhlng
LhaL ls weL 1hls raLher sLrange boon 8rahma granLed 8uL Lhe sages Lhe gods Lhe gandarvas and
Lhe snakes wenL and complalned Lo 8rahma WhaL have you done? Lhey asked 1hls demon ls
now golng Lo oppress Lhe enLlre unlverse uon'L worry replled 8rahma When Lhe Llme
comes vlshnu hlmself wlll klll Plranyakashlpu
8uL Lrue Lo expecLaLlons Lhe demon sLarLed Lo oppress Lhe world Pe desLroyed Lhe hermlLages of
Lhe sages and drove Lhe gods ouL of heaven All ya[nas were sLopped 1he gods and Lhe sages
sLarLed praylng Lo vlshnu SLlrred by Lhese prayers vlshnu adopLed Lhe form of a sLrange belng
who was halfman and halfllon Slnce nara means man and slmha means llon Lhls belng was
called naraslmha naraslmha wenL on a vlslL Lo Plranyakashlpu's courL Plranyakashlpu had a
son named rahlada and aL Lhe slghL of naraslmha rahlada exclalmed l have a sLrong
susplclon LhaL Lhls belng ls none oLher Lhan vlshnu and LhaL we demons wlll suffer aL hls hands
Plranyakashlpu asked hls soldlers Lo capLure Lhe creaLure Cr lf LhaL proved Lo be lmposslble Lo
klll lL 8uL Lhe soldlers could do no such Lhlng naraslmha kllled Lhem all Plranyakaslpu Lhen hlmself
hurled all sorLs of weapons aL naraslmha 8uL greaL was hls bewlldermenL aL flndlng LhaL all Lhese
weapons could do Lhe sLrange creaLure no harm Any weapons could do Lhe sLrange creaLure no
harm Any weapon LhaL was hurled was slmply swallowed up by naraslmha 1he rocks LhaL were
flung aL hlm could noL even reach hlm naraslmha grasped Plranyakashlpu and placed hlm
across hls Lhlghs Pe Lhen Lore aparL Lhe demon's chesL wlLh hls claws 1hus Plranyakashlpu was
noL kllled by a weapon a mounLaln or a Lree or by someLhlng LhaL was elLher weL or dry vlshnu
ln hls naraslmha form was noL a god a demon a gandharva a yaksha a rakshasa a snake a
human or a ghosL Slnce Lhe slaylng Look place ln Lhe evenlng lL was nelLher nlghL nor day All
Lhe condlLlons of 8rahma's boon were meL 1he enLlre world re[olced aL Lhe demonklng's deaLh
SAvl18l
1here used Lo be a klng named AshvapaLl who ruled ln Lhe klngdom of Madra AshvapaLl had no
sons Pe Lherefore began Lo pray Lo Lhe goddess SavlLrl so LhaL he mlghL have a son Pe
performed Lhousands and Lhousands of ya[nas LvenLually Lhe goddess appeared before Lhe klng
and sald ?ou wlll noL have a son 8uL l am golng Lo granL you a daughLer' 1he daughLer was
named MalaLl 8uL slnce she was born as a resulL of a boon recelved from Lhe goddess SavlLrl
she was more popularly known as SavlLrl When SavlLrl grew up she was marrled Lo SaLyavana
Lhe son of klng uyumaLsena 1he sage narada once came Lo vlslL Lhem and Lold Lhem
SaLyavana ls golng Lo dle wlLhln a year Pearlng Lhls SavlLrl and SaLyavana wenL off Lo Lhe
foresL Lo prepare Lhemselves for Lhe lmpendlng deaLh
When only four days of Lhe appolnLed llfe span were lefL SavlLrl observed a rellglous rlLe LhaL has
now become famous savlLrl raLa AmongsL oLher Lhlngs Lhls lnvolved fasLlng for a perlod of Lhree
days Cn Lhe fourLh and flnal day SaLyavana wenL Lo collecL fodder rooLs and frulLs ln Lhe dense
parL of Lhe foresL and SavlLrl also accompanled her husband When Lhey were Llred SavlLrl saL
down beslde a pond Lo resL SaLyavana conLlnued Lo collecL fodder and flrewood near Lhe pond
Whlle he was Lhus engaged he sLarLed Lo suffer from a spllLLlng headache SavlLrl he sald l
cannoL bear Lhls paln any longer LeL me resL for a whlle wlLh my head ln your lap Whlle
SaLyavana was resLlng wlLh hls head on SavlLrl's lap ?ama arrlved Lo clalm SaLyavana ?ama's
complexlon was dark and he was dressed enLlrely ln yellow Pls crown was golden ArmleLs
graced hls arms and necklaces hung around hls neck
ln each human body Lhere ls an enLlLy LhaL ls only Lhe slze of a flnger ln lengLh 1hls ls Lhe parL of
Lhe body LhaL ls clalmed by ?ama and Laken Lo hls abode When Lhls ls done only Lhe dead body
ls lefL ?ama Lled up SaLyavana's mlnuLe body ln a noose and prepared Lo Lake lL Lo hls abode
8uL when ?ama lefL SavlLrl followd hlm Where do you Lhlnk you are golng? asked yama l
am followlng my husband replled SavlLrl 1here ls no greaLer duLy for a wlfe Lhan servlng her
husband Slnce my husband ls leavlng l have Lo leave wlLh hlm l am pleased aL your
devoLlon sald ?ama Ask for a boon and l shall granL lL Lo you 1he only Lhlng LhaL you cannoL
ask for ls LhaL SaLyavana be broughL back Lo llfe My faLherlnlaw has become bllnd replled
SavlLl Pe can Lherefore no longer be Lhe klng lease granL me Lhe boon LhaL hls eyeslghL ls
resLored so LhaL he can become Lhe klng agaln l granL you LhaL Sald ?ama now please reLurn
?ou wlll unnecessarlly geL Llred lf you follow me Pow l can geL Llred lf l
follow you? asked SavlLrl ?ou are Lhe chlef of all Lhe gods ls lL posslble Lo geL Llred lf one
follows you? 1haL pleases me even more sald ?ama Ask for anoLher boon 8uL under no
clrcumsLances are you allowed Lo ask LhaL SaLyavana be broughL back Lo llfe My faLher has no
sons replled SavlLrl lease granL me Lhe boon LhaL he may have a hundred sons l granL you
LhaL sald ?ama now reLurn Co and perform your husband's funeral rlLes Serve your parenLs
and parenLslnlaw well ?ou are unnecessarlly Llrlng yourself by followlng me around
l Lhank you for your advlce 8eplled SavlLrl 8uL l have already Lold you LhaL l cannoL
posslbly geL Llred ?ou are Lhe lord of dharma Lhe lord of rlghLeousness Can one posslbly Llre
oneself by followlng such a person? ?our devoLlon ls Lruly amazlng Ask for anoLher boon
8uL do noL ask for SaLyavana's llfe lease granL me Lhe boon LhaL SaLyavana and l may have a
hundred sons requesLed SavlLrl ?ama granLed Lhe boon wlLhouL Lhlnklng and SavlLrl Lhen
polnLed ouL LhaL whaL ?ama had agreed Lo would be lmposslble lf SaLyavana dled ?ama had no
opLlon buL Lo resLore SaLyavana Lo llfe ?ama blessed SavlLrl and wenL away ln due course
SaLyavana and SavlLrl had a hundred sons named LhaL Malvas SavlLrl ls a model for all devoLed
wlves Lo follow
vALl
1here was a demon named vall who was descended from Plranyakashlpu LxLemely sLrong he
defeaLed Lhe gods and drove Lhem ouL of heaven 1he moLher of all Lhe gods was AdlLl and AdlLl
was despondenL LhaL her sons should suffer so aL Lhe hands of demons She Lherefore began Lo
pray Lo vlshnu so LhaL she mlghL have a powerful son who would provlde a flLLlng reply LoL he
demons parLlcularlly Lo vall lor a Lhousand years AdlLl medlLaLed vlshnu was pleased aL Lhese
prayers and appeared before AdlLl WhaL boon do you wlsh for? he asked 1he demons are
oppresslng my chlldren replled AdlLl lease granL me a son who wlll defeaL Lhe demons uo
noL despalr sald vlshnu l myself wlll be born as your son l wlll Lake care of Lhe demons
?ou wlll remember LhaL AdlLl's husband was Lhe sage kashyapa kashyapa and AdlLl
accordlngly had a son 1hls son was a dwarf (vamana)
vall happened Lo organlze a ya[na and Lhe dwarf came Lo aLLend Lhe ceremony Cn Lhe occaslon
of Lhe ya[na vall had declded LhaL he would noL refuse anyone whaL he asked for Shukracharya
was Lhe precepLor of Lhe demons and naLurally he was vall' guru as well Shukracharya saw
Lhrough Lhe Lrlckery LhaL was lnvolved and reallzed LhaL Lhe dwarf was none oLher Lhan vlshnu
Pe Lrled Lo puL vall on hls guard and warned vall LhaL he should noL granL whaL Lhe dwarf asked
for
8uL vall would noL llsLen vlshnu ls Lhe lord of everyLhlng Pe sald l am lndeed forLunaLe lf
vlshnu has come Lo grace my ceremony ln Lhe dlsgulse of a dwarf Pow can l refuse whaL he
asks for? vall welcomed Lhe dwarf wlLh offerlngs WhaL ls your deslre? he asked l am duLy
bound Lo glve you whaL you ask for l deslre noLhlng much replled Lhe dwarf l do noL wanL
gold or rlches or elephanLs or horses All LhaL l ask for ls as much of land as can be covered ln
Lhree of my fooLsLeps CranLed sald vall no sooner were Lhe words uLLered LhaL he dwarf
assumed a glganLlc form Pls head rose way up
lnLo Lhe sky WlLh each one of hls fooLsLeps vlshnu covered one of Lhe Lhree worlds 1hus vall
ended up by donaLlng all of Lhe Lhree worlds Lo vlshnu and Lhere was nowhere for Lhe demons Lo
llve ln 8uL vlshnu was pleased aL vall's generoslLy Pe Lherefore decreed LhaL henceforLh Lhe
demons would llve ln Lhe underworld As for heaven lL was reLurned Lo lndra 1hls was Lhe sLory
of vlshnu's dwarf lncarnaLlon
1PL 8CA8 lnCA8nA1lCn
AL Lhe end of Lhe lasL kalpa Lhere was a general desLrucLlon and Lhe unlverse was flooded wlLh
waLer vlshnu alone slepL on Lhls waLer ln hls form of narayana When lL was Llme for creaLlon Lo
begln 8rahma appeared lnslde an egg All Lhe worlds LhaL would be Lhere ln Lhe unlverse and all
Lhe belngs who would populaLe Lhese worlds were lnslde Lhe egg 8uL before creaLlon could sLarL
Lhe earLh had Lo be creaLed so LhaL llvlng belngs mlghL have a place Lo llve ln When Lhe earLh was
flrsL creaLed lL was full of mounLaln ranges and Lhese mounLalns were exceedlngly heavy 1he
upshoL of Lhls was LhaL Lhe earLh could noL bear Lhe welghL of Lhese mounLalns and sLarLed Lo geL
lmmersed ln Lhe waLer She wenL all Lhe way down Lo Lhe underworld 1he earLh sLarLed Lo pray Lo
vlshnu so LhaL she mlghL be saved vlshnu adopLed Lhe form of a glganLlc boar (varaha) Pe
enLered Lhe waLer and ralsed Lhe earLh up on hls Lusks Pe lald her Lo resL on Lhe waLer havlng
flrsL levelled ouL Lhe mounLalns 1hls was Lhe sLory of vlshnu's boar lncarnaLlon
1PL CPu8nlnC Cl 1PL CCLAn
1he gods and Lhe demons always foughL wlLh one anoLher ln Lhe process many demons and
gods were kllled 1hls was no problem for Lhe demons 1helr Leacher Shukracharya knew Lhe
arL of mrlLasan[lvanl and lmmedlaLely broughL Lhe dead demons back Lo llfe 8uL Lhe gods who
were kllled sLayed dead 1he gods wenL Lo 8rahma for hls advlce Pavlng a LemporaLy Lruce
wlLh Lhe demons sald 8rahma unlLe wlLh Lhem and churn Lhe ocean 1hls churnlng wlll make
you lmmorLal and you wlll have no reason Lo fear Lhe demons 1he gods wenL Lo meeL vall Lhe
klng of Lhe demons wlLh Lhe proposal and vall agreed Lo Lhe Lemporary Lruce reparaLlons were
made for Lhe churnlng of Lhe ocean MounL Mandara was used as Lhe rod for churnlng and Lhe
greaL snake vasukl agreed Lo be Lhe churnlngrope 1he problem however was Lhe MounL
Mandara had no base Lo resL on And wlLhouL a base Lhe peak would move and Lhe churnlng
could noL proceed 1he greaL vlshnu adopLed Lhe form of a huge LurLle (kurma) 1he back of Lhe
LurLle provlded Lhe base on whlch MounL Mandara could resL 1he churnlng sLarLed 1he gods
held vasukl's Lall and Lhe demons Lhe head 1he churnlng wenL on for a Lhousand years of Lhe
gods 1he flrsL ob[ecL Lo emerge as a resulL of Lhe churnlng was Lhe moon Chandra Shlva
accepLed Chandra as an adornmenL for hls forehead
Lakshml Lhe goddess of wealLh and prosperlLy merged nexL and was unlLed wlLh vlshnu Sura
Lhe goddess of wlne and drlnklng came ouL nexL She was followed by Lhe dlvlne horse
uchchalshrava 1hls was approprlaLed by lndra A beauLlful [ewel named kousLubha came ouL
nexL and was accepLed by vlshnu as hls adornmenL AfLer Lhese wonderous ob[ecLs had come ouL
smoke sLarLed Lo blllow ouL and clouded Lhe aLmosphere 1he cloud was followed by Longues of
flre whlch LhreaLened Lo burn up Lhe gods and Lhe demons lrom Lhe flre Lhere came ouL all sorLs
of polsonous snakes and venomous lnsecLs 1hls was followed by a Lerrlble polson known as kalakuLa
no one knew whaL Lo do wlLh Lhe polson lL would have kllled Lhem all 1he gods and
Lhe demons began Lo pray Lo Shlva for dellverance Shlva appeared and swallowed up Lhe polson
lL suck ln hls LhroaL and made hls LhroaL blue ln colour Slnce nlla means blue and kanLha means
LhroaL Shlva came Lo be known as nllakanLha
WlLh Lhe danger removed Lhe churnlng conLlnued and uhanvanLarl came ouL of Lhe ocean Pe
was Lhe physlclan of Lhe gods and Lhe orlglnaLor of medlclne (ayurveda) uhanvanLarl held Lhe
poL of amrlLa ln hls hands 1he demons lmmedlaLely sLarLed Lo flghL over Lhe possesslon of Lhe
amrlLa 8uL vlshnu adopLed Lhe form of a beauLlful woman (known as mohlnl) 1hls woman was
so preLLy LhaL all Lhe demons fell ln love wlLh her and gladly handed over Lhe poL of amrlLa Lo her
8uL Lhey conLlnued Lo flghL wlLh Lhe gods Whlle Lhe flghLlng wenL on vlshnu secreLly fed Lhe
gods Lhe amrlLa 1he gods became lmmorLal 1he demons recelved no amrlLa noL a slngle drop
1haL was noL qulLe Lrue 1here was a demon named 8ahu Pe adopLed Lhe form of a god and
managed Lo geL a llLLle blL of Lhe amrlLa 8uL Surya and Chandra spoLLed Lhe decepLlon and
polnLed lL ouL Lo vlshnu vlshnu prompLly severed 8ahu's head wlLh hls chakra 1he amrlLa
never percolaLed down beyond 8ahu's LhroaL 8uL Lhe demon's head had had lLs share of Lhe
amrlLa and became lmmorLal 8ahu never forgave Surya and Chandra for Lelllng on hlm 8ahu's
head Lrles Lo swallow up Lhe sun and Lhe moon glven a chance ?ou can see Lhls happenlng aL Lhe
Llme of Lhe solar and lunar ecllpses 1hls was Lhe sLory of vlshnu's LurLle lncarnaLlon
A8CPl1LC1u8L
1he sclence of archlLecLure owes lLs orlgln Lo elghLeen greaL sages 1helr names are 8hrlgu ALrl
vashlshLha vlshvakarma Maya narada nagna[lLa vlshalaksha uranadara 8rahma
karLlkeya nandlshvara Shounaka Carga vasudeva Anlruddha Shukra and 8rlhaspaLl 1he
bulldlng of a house should never be begun ln Lhe monLh of ChalLra A person who does Lhls ls
sure Lo conLracL a dlsease 1he monLh of valshakha ls a good Llme Lo begln Cne who does Lhls ls
bound Lo own many cows 1he monLhs of Agrahayana Magha and lalguna are also ausplclous
An lndlvldual who beglns Lhe Lask ln Agrahayana has full granalres one who beglns lL ln Magha
aLLalns all sorLs of rlches and one who beglns lL ln lalguna obLalns gold and sons Ashada ls also
a good monLh Lo sLarL ServanLs and anlmals are owed by a person who sLarLs Lhe bulldlng ln
Ashada 8uL Lhe monLhs of !yalshLha Shravana 8hadra Ashvlna and ousha are lnausplclous lf
you sLarL ln !yalshLa you wlll dle soon you wlll also dle lf you begln ln Shravana begln ln
8hadra and you wlll suffer from all manner of lesses your wlfe wlll dle lf you sLarL Lhe Lask ln
Lhe monLh of Ashvlna and all your goods wlll be sLolen lf you sLarL ln Lhe monLh of ousha lL ls
besL Lo begln Lhe bulldlng of a house when Lhe nakshaLras Ashvlnl 8ohlnl Mula
uLLarabhadrapada uLLarashada uLLarafalgunl or Mrlgashlra are ln Lhe sky Any day ls
permlsslble wlLh Lhe excepLlon of Sunday and 1uesday
1he ground on whlch Lhe house ls Lo be bulld has Lo be LesLed A plL should be dug and a sapllng
planLed lf Lhe sapllng Lhrlves and growns lnLo a blg Lree Lhe ground has been wellchosen 8uL lf
Lhe Lree wlLhers away or does noL grow lnLo a sLrong Lree one oughL Lo move somewhere else A
dlagram ls Lhen drawn on Lhe ground ln Lhe form of a square wlLh elghLyone smaller squares
lnslde lL 1haL ls Lhe larger square wlll be subdlvlded lnLo nlne squares along very slde nlne
mulLlplled by nlne glves Lhe elghLyone smaller squares ln each of Lhese elghLyone smaller
squares a speclflc god has Lo be worshlpped 1here are dlfferenL Lypes of houses A house LhaL has
doors on all four sldes ls known as a sarvaLobhadra Such a conflguraLlon ls recommended
for palaces or Lemples A house LhaL does noL have a door Lo Lhe wesL ls known as a nandyavarLa
a house LhaL does noL have a door Lo Lhe souLh ls known as a varddhamana a house LhaL does noL
have a door Lo Lhe easL ls known as a svasLlka and a house LhaL does noL have a door Lo Lhe norLh
ls known as ruchaka A palace should be one hundred and elghL cublLs (handlengLhs) ln lengLh
lf a prlnce and noL a klng ls Lo llve ln Lhe palace slxLyslx cublLs are Lhe recommmended lengLh
CLher recommended lengLhs are slxLyfour cublLs for generals forLyelghL cublLs for mlnlsLers
LwenLyelghL cublLs for arLlsans and Lwelve cublLs for messengers and guards rlesLs and
physlclans are enLlLled Lo LwenLyfour cublLs An ordlnary householder should bulld a house LhaL
ls LhlrLyLwo cublLs ln lengLh 1he sole excepLlon ls an ouLcasL he ls enLlLled Lo only slxLeen
cublLs
1here should noL be any Lrees ln Lhe fronL of Lhe house 8uL Lrees have Lo be planLed Lowards Lhe
back 1he wood wlLh whlch Lhe house has Lo be bullL musL be carefully chosen Cne musL noL cuL
down a Lree LhaL blrds have bullL nesLs on CerLaln Lrees musL never be chosen 1hese lnclude
Lhose LhaL have been gashed by an elephanL or sLruck by llghLnlng 1hey also lnclude Lrees LhaL
grow near Lemples or aL Lhe of rlvers and Lrees from cremaLlon grounds neem Lrees and mango
Lrees musL never be used for bulldlng houses 1he helghL of Lhe Lree should be mulLlplled by lLs
clrcumference 1hls producL should now be dlvlded by elghL lf Lhe remalnder LhaL ls lefL ls one
Lhe Llmber can be used ln bulldlng any parL of Lhe house Such Llmber ls known as dhva[a When
Lhe remalnder ls Lwo Lhe Llmber ls known vrlsha and should be used ln consLrucLlng Lhe wesLern
door When Lhe remalnder ls Lhree Lhe Llmber ls called slmha and should be used for Lhe norLhern
door 1he name ls vrlshabha lf Lhe remalnder ls four and such wood should be used for Lhe
easLern door When Lhe remalnder ls flve Lhe Llmber ls glven Lhe name of hasLl and should be
used for Lhe souLhern door
luCLS
ldols have Lo be lnsLaLed ln Lemples vlshnu's lmage should have elLher elghL hands or four lf
Lhere are elghL hands Lhe arms Lo Lhe rlghL should hold a shankha (conchashell) a gada (mace)
a shara (arrow) and a padma (loLus) 1he arms Lo Lhe lefL should hold dhanu (bow) a padma a
shankha and a chakra (bladeddlscus) lf Lhere are four hands Lhe mace and Lhe loLus should be Lo
Lhe rlghL and Lhe chakra and Lhe conchshell Lo Lhe lefL vlshnu wlll be shown sLandlng on Lhe
world Caruda Lhe klng of Lhe blrds bears hlm around Caruda wlll Lherefore be shown aL
vlshnu's feeL Lowards Lhe rlghL Lakshml's lmage musL always be Lo Lhe lefL of vlshnu's lmage
and Lakshml wlll hold a loLus ln her hand 1he besL ldols are made ouL of gold sllver copper
[ewels sLone wood from alloys 1he proporLlons of Lhe varlous parLs of Lhe body musL be
exacLly rlghL Shlva's lmage musL have maLLed halr and he musL wear a crescenL moon on hls
forehead 1he ldol musL convey Lhe lmpresslon LhaL Shlva ls slxLeen years old Shlva musL be
dressed ln Llgerskln and musL be garlanded wlLh snakes A peacock feaLher should adorn on ear
lf a spear a rod or a LrldenL are shown Lhey musL be Lo Lhe rlghL And lf a skull a snake or a
sword are shown Lhey musL be Lo Lhe lefL When Shlva ls show rldlng a bull hls lmage has Lwo
hands 8uL when he ls shown ln a danclng posLure Lhe lmage has Len hands lf Lhe lnLenLlon ls Lo
show hlm desLroylng 1rlpura Lhe lmage musL have slxLeen hands 1here ls one parLlcular lmage
LhaL deserves speclal menLlon 1hls ls known as arddhanarlshvara halfmale and halffemale
1he Shlva parL of Lhe lmage wlll be Lo Lhe rlghL and Lhe arvaLl parL of Lhe lmage wlll be Lo Lhe lefL 1he
rlghL hand of Lhe lmage wlll hold a skull or a LrldenL and Lhe lefL hand of Lhe lmage wlll
hold a loLus or a mlrror 1here ls anoLher Lype of lmage known as umaMaheshvara ln Lhls case
Lhere are Lwo separaLe lmages one of Shlva and Lhe oLher of arvaLl 1he ldols of varlous oLher
gods and goddesses are also descrlbed
AvlLlCnS (MAnuAA)
1hese are classlfled ln Lerms of Lhe number of plllars LhaL are used ln Lhelr consLrucLlon and Lhere
are LwenLyseven maln Lypes of pavlllons (l) A pushpaka pavlllon has slxLyfour plllars (ll) A
pushpabhadra pavlllon has slxLyLwo plllars (lll) A suvraLa pavlllon has slxLy plllars (lv) An
amrlLanandana pavlllon has flfLyelghL plllars (v) A doushalya pavlllon has flfLyslx plllars (vl)
A buddhlsamklrna pavlllon has flfLyfour plllars (vll) A ga[abhadra pavlllon has flfLyLwo plllars
(vlll) A [ayavaha pavlllon has flfLy plllars (lx) A shrlvaLsa pavlllon has forLyelghL plllars (x) A
vl[aya pavlllon has forLyslx plllars (xl) A vasLuklrLl pavlllon has forLyfour plllars (xll) A
shruLln[aya pavlllon has forLyLwo plllars (xlll) A ya[nabhadra pavlllon has forLy plllars (xlv) A
vlshala pavlllon has LhlrLyelghL plllars (xv) A sushllshLa pavlllon has LhlrLyslx plllars (xvl) A
shaLrumardana pavlllon has LhrlLyfour plllars (xvll) A bhagapancha pavlllon has LhrlLyLwo
plllars (xvlll) A nandana pavlllon has LhlrLy plllars (xlx) A manava pavlllon has LwenLyelghL
plllars (xx) A manabhadraka pavlllon has LwenLyslx plllars (xxl) A sugrlva pavlllon has
LwenLyfour plllars (xxll) A halrLa pavlllon has LwenLyLwo plllars (xxlll) A karnlkara pavlllon
has LwenLy plllars (xxlv) A shaLarddhlka pavlllon has elghLeen plllars (xxv) A slmha pavlllon
has slxLeen plllars (xxvl) A shyamabhadra pavlllon has fourLeen plllars (xxvll) A samudra
pavlllon has Lwelve plllars avlllons should be Lrlangular semlclrcular or recLangular
uCnA1lCnS
1here are dlfferenL meLhods of donaLlng alms Cne of Lhe mosL sacred ls known as Lulapurusha
ln Lhls a palr of scales ls used 1he person who ls donaLlng Lhe alms ascends on one slde of Lhe
scales and gold ls placed on Lhe oLher slde unLll Lhe scales are exacLly balanced 1hls ls Lhe
amounL of gold LhaL has Lo be donaLed lf punya ls Lo be acqulred A second sorL of donaLlon ls
known as hlranyagarbha ln Lhls a poL full of gold ls donaLed ln a Lhlrd form of donaLlon a model
of Lhe unlverse (brahmanda) ls fashloned ouL of gold and donaLed 1hls form of donaLlon ls
Lherfore known as brahmanda 1he fourLh form of donaLlon ls known as kalpadapa ln Lhls a Lree
ls made ouL of gold and donaLed 1he flfLh form of donaLlon ls known as gosahasra and lnvolves
Lhe donaLlon of a Lhousand cows 1he slxLh form of donaLlon ls known as kamadhenu 1he ob[ecL
of donaLlon ln Lhls case ls a cow and calf boLh made ouL of gold 1he sevenLh form of donaLlon ls
slmllar and ls known as hlranyashva A horse made ouL of gold ls donaLed 1he elghLh form of
donaLlon ls called ashvaraLha A horse (ashva) and four charloLs (raLha) have Lo be donaLed and
boLh have Lo be made ouL of gold PemahasLlraLha ls Lhe nlnLh form of donaLlon 1he ob[ecLs or
donaLlon ln Lhls case are an elephanL and a charloL made ouL of gold
1he LenLh form of donaLlon ls known as panchalngalaka ln Lhls case Len ploughs are donaLed
llve of Lhem have Lo be made of wood and Lhe remalnlng flve have Lo be made of gold 1he
eleven form of donaLlon ls dhara lnL hls casea golden model of Lhe earLh ls donaLed 1he LwelfLh
form of donaLlon ls known as vlshvachakra 1he ob[ecL LhaL ls donaLed ls agaln a model made ouL
of gold 1he model ls LhaL of Lhe unlverse ln Lhe shape of a wheel 1he LhlrLeenLh form of donaLlon ls
mahakalapalaka 1en creepers made ouL of god are donaLed 1he fourLeenLh form of
donaLlon ls sapLasagara lLs are made ln Lhe ground Lhere belng seven of Lhem Lach plL sLands
for one of Lhe seven oceans ln Lhe flrsL plL ls puL salL ln Lhe second mllk ln Lhe Lhlrd clarlfled
buLLer ln Lhe fourLh molasses ln Lhe flfLh curds ln Lhe slxLh sugar and ln Lhe sevenLh holy waLer
An lmage of a god or goddess ls Lhen placed ln each plL 8rahma ln Lhe flrsL vlshnu ln Lhe
second Shlva ln Lhe Lhlrd Surya ln Lhe fourLh ?ama ln Lhe flfLh Lakshml ln Lhe slxLh and
arvaLl ln Lhe sevenLh 1he lmages musL be made ouL of gold 1he plLs are Lhen flled Lo Lhe brlm
wlLh [ewels and Lhe enLlre conLenLs donaLed
1he flfLeenLh form of donaLlon ls called raLnadhenu ln Lhls case a cow made ouL of gold ls
donaLed 1he nose Lhe eyes Lhe brows and varlous oLher parLs of Lhe cow should be made ouL of
[ewels 1he slxLeen form of donaLlon ls called mahabhuLaghaLa A poL ls made ouL of gold fllled
wlLh [ewels and donaLed 1hese dlfferenL forms of donaLlon are superlor Lo all oLher forms of
donaLlon and brlng undylng punya
LlLCCuL
Lomaharshana compleLed hls reclLal of Lhe MaLsya urana 1hls LexL ls exceedlngly sacred A
person who reads even one chapLer of Lhe LexL goes Lo heaven and all hls slns are forglven 1he
sages Lhanked Lomaharshana and deparLed
Pome
16 vA?u u8AnA
LCMAPA8SPAnA Anu 1PL C1PL8 SACLS
klng Adhlslma krlshna (alLernaLlvely Aslma krlshna) ruled Lhe earLh well uurlng hls relgn
several sages organlzed a ya[na (sacrlflce) on Lhe banks of Lhe sacred rlver urlshadvaLl 1he rlver
flowed Lhrough Lhe reglon LhaL was known as kuruksheLra
1he sacrlflce wenL on for a very long Llme and Lhe sage Lomaharshana came Lo vlslL Lhe sages
who were conducLlng Lhe ceremony Lomaharshana was so named because hls reclLals Lhrllled
(harshana) Lhe bodyhalr (loma) of hls llsLeners Lomaharshana was Lhe dlsclple of Lhe greaL sage
vedavyasa and had learnL Lhe uranas from hls Leacher Pe was also wellversed ln Lhe vedas
and ln Lhe sLorles of Lhe MahabharaLa As soon as Lomaharshana arrlved Lhe oLher sages greeLed
hlm warmly Lomaharshana greeLed Lhem ln reLurn 1he assembled sages Lold Lomaharshana
CreaL SuLa we are graLlfled LhaL you have declded Lo grace our ceremony by your augusL
presence 1hls ls an ausplclous occaslon for Lelllng us Lhe sLorles of Lhe uranas ?ou have learnL
Lhem from Lhe greaL vedavyasa hlmself lease reclLe Lhe uranas and slake our LhlrsL for
knowledge
Lomaharshana belonged Lo Lhe suLa class A suLa was Lhe son of a kshaLrlya (Lhe second of Lhe
four classes) moLher Looklng afLer horses and acLlng as charloLeers were occupaLlons LhaL were
prescrlbed for suLas ln addlLlon Lhey sung Lhe glorles of klngs 1he accounLs of Lhe uranas sLaLe
LhaL suLas were flrsL born when Lhe greaL klng lrLhu organlzed a ya[na 1hey accordlngly became
raconLeurs of Lhe greaL deeds of rlLhu and LhereafLer of all klngs 1hey also reclLed Lhe sLorles
of Lhe uranas
l am a suLa replled Lomaharshana lL ls Lherefore my duLy Lo reclLe Lhe uranas ?ou have
asked me Lo do LhaL whlch ls my duLy l shall gladly accede Lo your requesL
1he ancesLors (plLrl) had a daughLer named vasavl She was cursed LhaL she would be born as a
flsh 1hls flsh had a daughLer 1he greaL vedavyasa was born as SaLyavaLl's son vedavyasa
learnL Lhe vedas from Lhe greaL sage !aLukarna Pe also composed Lhe MahabharaLa and Lhe
uranas
l have learnL Lhe uranas from vedvyasa conLlnued Lomaharshana 1here were several sages
who llved ln Lhe foresL known as nalmlsharanya 1hey requesLed Lhe wlndgod vayu Lo Lell Lhem
Lhe answers Lo many quesLlons vayu's replles consLlLuLe Lhe vayu urana and Lhls ls Lhe LexL LhaL
l shall reclLe for your beneflL lL ls Lhe mosL sacred of all Lhe uranas and ls full of wlsdom
WhaL ls Lhls buslness of vayu reclLlng Lhe urana Lo Lhe sages of nalmlsharanya? asked Lhe
assembled sages We are noL aware of lL lease Lell us abouL lL flrsL Lomaharshana complled
nalmlsharanya foresL ls on Lhe banks of Lhe rlver ComaLl AL a Llme when klng ururava used Lo
rule Lhe earLh many sages organlzed a ya[na ln nalmlsharanya 1he chlef prlesL aL Lhls ceremony
was 8rlhaspaLl Lhe precepLor of Lhe gods and Lhe ceremony wenL on for Lwelve long years
When Lhe ceremony was over Lhe wlndgod vayu reclLed Lhe vayu urana Lo Lhe sages ln
reclLlng Lhe LexL Lomaharashana began wlLh Lhe accounL of Lhe creaLlon
C8LA1lCn
ln Lhe beglnnlng Lhere was noLhlng ln Lhe unlverse 1he brahman (Lhe dlvlne essence) alone was
everywhere 1he brahman had nelLher colour nor scenL lL could noL be felL or Louched lL had no
orlgln no beglnnlng or no end 1he brahman was consLanL and lL was Lhe orlgln of everyLhlng
LhaL was desLlned Lo be ln Lhe unlverse and Lhe unlverse was shrouded ln darkness When lL was
Llme for creaLlon Lo begln Lhe brahman dlvlded lLself lnLo Lhree 1he flrsL parL became 8rahma
Lhe creaLor of Lhe unlverse 1he second parL was vlshnu Lhe preserver of Lhe unlverse And Lhe
Lhlrd parL was Shlva Lhe desLroyer
AL Lhe Llme of creaLlon waLer appeared ln Lhe unlverse and Lhe waLer was everywhere ln Lhe
waLer was creaLed a golden (hlranya) egg (anda) LhaL floaLed llke a glganLlc bubble 8rahma was
born lnslde Lhe egg Slnce garbha means womb 8rahma came Lo be known as Plranyagarbha
Slnce he effecLlvely creaLed (bhu) hlmself (svayam) he ls also referred Lo as Svayambhu
8rahma had four faces Also lnslde Lhe egg were all Lhe worlds (lokas) LhaL would be creaLed ln
embryonlc form 1he earLh was Lhere wlLh lLs land mounLalns oceans and rlvers 1he moon Lhe
sun Lhe sLars and Lhe planeLs were Lhere Also presenL were gods demons humans and oLher
llvlng belngs who would be creaLed 1hls was Lhe orlglnal creaLlon of Lhe unlverse (sarga)
8uL aL Lhe end of one of 8rahma's days a mlnor desLrucLlon Lakes place 1he unlverse ls once
agaln flooded wlLh waLer durlng 8rahma's nlghL 8rahma vlshnu and Shlva are noL however
desLroyed Lach of 8rahma's days ls known as a kalpa (cycle) 1hus a mlnor desLrucLlon Lakes place aL
Lhe end of every kalpa When a new day dawns for 8rahma creaLlon beglns afresh 1hls
perlodlcal process of desLrucLlon (pralaya) and recreaLlon ls known as praLlsarga 1he presenL
kalpa ls known as varaha kalpa Why ls Lhe presenL kalpa known as Lhe varaha kalpa? asked
Lhe sages Lomaharashana Lold Lhem Lhe sLory of vlshnu's boar (varaha) lncarnaLlon
vA8APA kALA
AL Lhe end of Lhe lasL kalpa Lhere was a desLrucLlon and Lhe unlverse was flooded wlLh waLer
vlshnu slepL on Lhe waLer as long as 8rahma's nlghL lasLed Slnce nara means waLer and anyana
means resLlngplace vlshnu ls accordlngly known as narayana
When 8rahma's day dawned he wlshed Lo embark on Lhe process of creraLlon 8uL where would
Lhe creaLed belngs llve? 1here was no earLh for Lhem Lo llve on 1he earLh had been submerged
under Lhe waLer vlshnu Lherefore adopLed Lhe form of a huge boar (varaha) 1he boar's body was
as large as a mounLaln and lL had glganLlc Lusks LhaL were exceedlngly sharp 1he eyes of Lhe boar
blazed llke llghLnlng and lLs roar Lhundered llke Lhe clouds As a boar vlshnu enLered Lhe waLer
and began Lo search for Lhe earLh Pe found Lhe submerged earLh and ralsed lL up Lo lLs proper
place on Lhe Lusks of Lhe boar 1he earLh began Lo floaL on Lhe waLer llke a huge boaL
vlshnu also levelled ouL parLs of Lhe earLh 1he mounLalns LhaL had exlsLed on earLh ln Lhe earller
kalpa had been burnL down by Lhe flre LhaL raged aL Lhe Llme of Lhe desLrucLlon vlshnu creaLed
new mounLalns 8ecause Lhey dld noL move (chala) Lhe mounLalns came Lo be known as achala
And slnce Lhey had layers (parva) or ranges Lhey came Lo be known as parvaLa 1he land masses
were also creaLed 1he creaLlon of llvlng belngs could now begln And slnce Lhe creaLlon of Lhls
kalpa Look place afLer vlshnu's boar lncarnaLlon Lhe cycle came Lo be called varaha kalpa
8rahma creaLed waLer flre alr Lhe sky dlrecLlons heaven oceans rlvers mounLalns and Lrees
Pe also creaLed Llme nlghL and days 1hrough hls menLal powers he creaLed Lhree sons named
Sanandana Sanaka and SanaLana ln each kalpa Lhere are fourLeen manvanLaras (eras) Lach
manvanLara ls ruled over by a Manu 1he gods and Lhe seven greaL sages (sapLarshl) change from
one manvanLara Lo anoLher 1he LlLle of lndra klng of Lhe gods also changes hands ln any one
parLlcular manvanLara Lhere are LwenLyelghL crores of gods 1herefore ln fourLeen manvanLaras
Lhere are Lhree hundred and nlneLyLwo crores of gods
?uCAS
1here are roughly sevenLyone mahayugas ln a manvanLara A mahayuga lasLs for Lwelve
Lhousand years of Lhe gods and conslsLs of four dlfferenL eras or yugas saLya yuga or krlLa yuga
LreLa yuga dvapara yuga and kall yuga SaLya yuga lasLs for four Lhousand years of Lhe gods LreLa
yuga dvapara yuga and kall yuga SaLya yuga lasLs for four Lhousand years of Lhe gods LreLa
yuga for Lhree Lhousand dvapara yuga for Lwo Lhousand and kall yuga for one Lhousand 1hls
adds up Lo Len Lhousand years ln a mahayuga AnoLher Lwo Lhousand years are Lo be added for
lnLervenlng perlods (sandhymasha) beLween Lwo yugas Pence Lhe LoLal of Lwelve Lhousand years
ln a mahayuga ln saLya yuga wlnLer summer and monsoon were unknown All lndlvlduals were equally
handsome equally prosperous and equally happy 1here was no concepL of dharma
(rlghLeousness) or adharma (evll) slnce people were naLurally rlghLeous 1here were no
prescrlbed places where people llved Lhere were no clLles or vlllages eople llved freely on Lhe
shores of Lhe oceans and ln Lhe mounLalns 8ooLs frulLs or flowers dld noL grow eople llved on
[ulce LhaL came ouL of Lhe bowels of Lhe earLh 1hls [ulce was so mlraculous LhaL old age and
dlsease were unknown PaLred and envy dld noL exlL 1here was noLhlng Lo be envlous abouL
slnce all lndlvlduals were equal Moreover people had Lhe menLal power Lo summon up whaLever
ob[ecL Lhey deslred 1here were no shorLages
As one moved from saLya yuga Lo LreLa yuga Lhese menLal powers LhaL people possessed
dlsappeared 1he prlmary obsesslon of lndlvlduals ln saLya yuga was medlLaLlon ln LreLa yuga lL
became knowledge 1hlck clouds appeared ln Lhe sky and lL began Lo raln 1hls raln fosLered Lhe
growLh of varlous Lrees eople sLarLed Lo llve on Lhe frulLs of Lhese Lrees 1he Lrees also provlded
barks for cloLhlng and honey 1hese Lrees were so wonderful LhaL Lhey were known as
kalpavrlkshas 1haL ls Lhey provlded whaLever lL was LhaL one deslred 8uL as LreLa yuga
progressed people became evll and sLarLed Lo flghL over Lhe possesslon of Lhese Lrees
ConsequenLly Lhe Lrees began Lo wlLher away lL was Lhen LhaL hablLaLlons sLarLed Lo be bullL
earller Lhere had been no flxed dwelllngplaces for humans Such hablLaLlons were bullL on
mounLaln and near rlvers vlllages and clLles were consLrucLed lL also became necessary Lo have
unlLs of measuremenL
1he smallesL unlL of measuremenL was an angull (a flnger) 1en angulls made one pradesha 1hls
slgnlfled Lhe lengLh from Lhe Lhumb Lo Lhe exLended lndex flnger 1he dlsLance from Lhe Lhumb Lo
Lhe exLended mlddle flnger was LaLa from Lhe Lhumb Lo Lhe exLended rlng gokarna and fromL eh
Lhumb Lo Lhe exLended llLLle flnger vlLasLl 1hus Lwelve angulls were equlvalenL Lo one vlLasLl
1wenLyone angulls made one raLnl and LwenLyfour angulls made one hasLa (hand) lorLyLwo
angulls were called one klshku lour hasLas made one dhanu (bowlengLh) Lwo Lhousand dhanus
were one gavyuLl and four gavyuLls consLlLuLed one yo[ana 1hus one yo[ana was made up of
elghL Lhousand dhanus 1he yo[ana was Lhe baslc unlL for measurlng Lhe slzes of human
hablLaLlons
1he houses LhaL men bullL were known as shalas 1hls ls because Lhey were modelled on Lrees
1he branches of a Lree (shakha) spread ouL ln all dlrecLlons Slnce Lhe houses spread ouL ln Lhls
fashlon Lhey were called shalas 1he palaces were called prasada Lhe word slgnlfylng LhaL Lhese
dwelllngs pleased Lhe mlnd 1he kalpavrlkshas havlng dlsappeared people had Lo look for means
of susLenance 1hls Lhey found ln Lrees and herbs ln facL Lhe dlscovery of herbs goes back Lo
LreLa yuga
8uL people became evll 1hey foughL over Lhe possesslons of rlvers land mounLalns Lrees and
herbs MlghL became rlghL and Lhose who were sLrong managed Lo esLabllsh properLy rlghLs 1he
weak suffered 1he resulL of all Lhls flghLlng was LhaL Lhe Lrees and Lhe herbs dlsappeared and
foodgralns grew no longer 1he enLlre earLh was swallowed up by Lhlck foresLs Sufferlng from
hunger and LhlrsL people wenL Lo 8rahma ln search of a soluLlon 8rahma mllked Lhe earLh so LhaL Lrees
herbs and foodgralns mlghL grow afresh 1o make sure
LhaL people dld noL flghL agaln 8rahma lald down Lhe precepLs of rlghLeous conducL 1hls was
encapsulaLed ln Lhe prlnclple of varnashrama dharma Lhe sysLem of four varnas (classes) and
four ashramas (sLages of llfe) 1he prlnclple of varnashrama dharma Lhus daLes back Lo LreLa yuga
and was enuclaLed by 8rahma hlmself
eople are dlvlded lnLo four varnas 1he flrsL class ls LhaL of brahmanas 1he brahmanas are Lhose
who are knowledgeable ln Lhe Lrue naLure of Lhe brahman 1helr prlmary occupaLlons are
performlng sacrlflces sLudylng and recelvlng alms 1he second class conslsLs of kshaLrlyas
1helr prlmary duLles are Lo bear arms so LhaL Lhey can proLecL Lhe good and punlsh Lhe evll 1hey
musL also rule and flghL 1he Lhlrd class conslsLs of valshyas 1he prlmary duLles of valshyas are
agrlculLure anlmal husbandry and Lrade 1he fourLh and flnal class ls LhaL of shudras 1he
shudras are Lo serve Lhe oLher Lhree classes and acL as arLlsans 1hey are noL permlLLed Lo sLudy
perform sacrlflces or donaLe alms 1hese are only permlLLed for Lhe flrsL Lhree classes A
brahmana who performs hls duLles well geLs Lo llve 8rahma such a kshaLrlya geLs Lo llve wlLh
lndra such a valshya wlLh Lhe gods Lhe maruLs and such a shudra wlLh Lhe gandharvas (slngers
of heaven)
8rahma also lald down Lhe sysLem of Lhe four ashramas 1he flrsL one ls brahmacharya (cellbaLe
sLudenLhood) Lhe second garhasLhya (householder sLage) Lhe Lhlrd vanaprasLha (foresLdwelllng
sLage and Lhe fourLh sannyasa (hermlLhood) ln brahmacharya sLage one has Lo sLudy and serve
one's Leacher (guru) well AfLer Lhls perlod ls over one ls marrled and enLers Lhe householder
sLage A householder has Lo perform sacrlflces and serve hls guesLs
CarhasLhya ls superlor Lo Lhe oLher Lhree ashramas slnce lL ls on Lhe alms provlded by
householders LhaL lndlvlduals ln Lhe oLher Lhree sLages of llfe subslsL When Lhe householder sLage
ls over and one has had sons one enLers vanaprasLha Such a person reLlres Lo Lhe foresL and llves
on frulLs and rooLs lL ls only when Lhe mlnd ls compleLely deLached from maLerlal pursulLs LhaL
one moves on Lhe Lhe flnal sLage of sannyasa
C8LA1lCn CCn1lnuLu
lrom hls menLal powers 8rahma creaLed Len sons 1helr names were 8hrlgu ulasLya ulaha
kraLu Anglra Marlchl uaksha ALrl vashlshLha and 8udra 1he flrsL nlne became sages and
were known as Lhe orlglnal brahmanas
1o ensure LhaL creaLlon progressed 8rahma dlvlded hls own body lnLo Lwo halves 1he male half
was known as Svayambhuva Manu and Lhe female half was known as ShaLarupa 1hese Lwo
marrled and had Lwo sons named rlyavaraLa and uLLanapada 1hey also had Lwo daughLers
named AkuLl and rasuLl
rasuLl marrled uaksha and Lhey had LwenLyfour daughLers 1hese LwenLyfour daughLers
became Lhe moLhers of all llvlng belngs 1hlrLeen of Lhe daughLers were marrled Lo uharma Cf
Lhe remalnlng eleven daughLers SaLl was marrled Lo Shlva (8udra) khyaLl Lo 8hrlgu SambhuLl
Lo Marlchl SmrlLl Lo Anglra rlLl Lo ulasLya kshama Lo ulaha SannaLl Lo kraLu Anasuya Lo
ALrl ur[[a Lo vashlshLha Svaha Lo Agnl and Svadha Lo Agnl Svadha Lo Lhe ancesLors (plLrls) 8rahma
Lold Shlva Why don'L you creaLe some belngs?
Shlva agreed wlLh alacrlLy 8uL all Lhe belngs whom Shlva creaLed were [usL llke hlm ln form
1haL ls Lhey were lmmorLal
WhaL are you dolng? exlalmed 8rahma uon'L creaLe belngs who are lmmorLal CreaLe Lhose
LhaL are morLal
l wlll noL creaLe morLal belngs replled Shlva
1hen sLop creaLlng responded 8rahma l wlll Lake care of creaLlon myself
Shlva ceased Lo creaLe 8uL Lhe belngs whom he had already creaLed came Lo be known as Lhe
rudras 1hey were glven rlghLs Lo offerlng made aL sacrlflces LogeLher wlLh Lhe oLher gods
?CCA
Shlva LaughL Lhe world Lhe Lechnlque of yoga ?oga llLerally means unlon and ls a form of
medlLaLlon LhaL Leaches abouL Lhe unlon beLween Lhe lndlvldual human soul (aLman) and Lhe
dlvlne soul (paramaLman) lL ls Lhls knowledge LhaL ls sLrlved for by Lhose who medlLaLe And one
who does noL appreclaLe Lhls unlon suffers from llluslons ?oga has flve componenLs 1hese are
pranayama dhyana praLyahara dharana and smarana
ranayama slgnlfles conLrol over Lhe breaLh of llfe A llon or an elephanL ls a wlld anlmal 8uL lf
llons or elephanLs are caughL and Lamed Lhey can be made Lo serve man's purpose LxacLly
slmllarly when Lhe breaLh of llfe ls conLrolled and masLered an lndlvldual can use lL Lo serve hls
own wlll ranayama musL always be pracLlsed ln a proper posLure (asana)
raLyahara slgnlfles Lhe wlLhdrawal of Lhe senses from maLerlal aLLachmenLs 1he nexL sLep ls
dharana Cne chooses Lhe lmage LhaL one ls conLemplaLlng and flxes lL ln one's mlnd ln Lhe
process lL ls besL Lo concenLraLe on Lhe Llp of one's nose or aL Lhe cenLre of one's brows When
Lhe lmage has been Lhus flxed one can begln Lhe acLual process of medlLaLlon (dhyana) ?oga
musL however always be pracLlsed ln a proper place and aL a proper Llme lL musL noL be pracLlsed
ln Lhe mlddle of Lhe foresL near a flre or aL a place frequenLed by wlld anlmals and lnsecLs 1here
musL noL be any nolse Lo dlsLracL Lhe pracLlLloner nor musL yoga be pracLlsed when one ls hungry
or LhlrsLy or ln an unhappy sLaLe of mlnd lf Lhese ln[ucLlons are noL adhered Lo yoga can brlng
greaL harm lL can lead Lo lllness dumbness deafness bllndness and old age before Lhe appolnLed
Llme 8uL pracLlsed properly yoga ls a cure for varlous lllnesses
When one ls pracLlslng yoga Lhere are varlous dlsLurbances and dlsLracLlons LhaL lmpede Lhe
progress Lowards Lhe deslred goals 1hese are known as upasargas lor example one mlghL
become overly aLLached Lo relaLlons Lo becomlng wealLhy or Lo aLLalnlng heaven nolses are
heard alLhough Lhere are no real nolses aL all uemons gods and gandharvas are seen All of
Lhese are llluslons and have Lo be conquered When Lhe upasargas are successfully conquered a
pracLlLloner of yoga aLLalns varlous powers 1hese are known as alshvarya (wealLh) 1here are
elghL of Lhese powers 1he flrsL ls known as anlma 1hls enables Lhe lndlvldual Lo obLaln whaLever ob[ecL
he deslres from anywhere ln Lhe unlverse lnsLanLly 1he second ls known as
laghlma 1hls enables one Lo Lravel Lhrough Lhe sky 1he Lhlrd power ls prapLl 8y means of Lhls
any ob[ecL ln Lhe Lhree worlds can be aLLalned 1he fourLh power ls called prakamya 1hls glves
Lhe lndlvldual Lhe power Lo obLaln all Lhe wealLh of Lhe unlverse 1he flfLh power ls called
mahlma 1hrough Lhls power one can be connecLed Lo any place or any ob[ecL ln Lhe unlverse
1he slxLh power of lshlLva glves one Lhe capablllLy Lo cause happlness or unhapplness anywhere
ln Lhe Lhree worlds 1he sevenLh power ls vashlLva 1hls granLs Lhe power Lo conLrol oLher llvlng
belngs and all ob[ecLs 1he flnal power ls known as kamavasaylLa 8y means of Lhls Lhe
lndlvldual can Lravel freely aL wlll A person who aLLalns Lhese powers knows no blrLh deaLh old
age lllnesss happlness or unhapplness 1he senses mean noLhlng Lo hlm nor do maLerlal
ob[ecLs Pls mlnd ls flxed only on Lhe brahman LveryLhlng else ls unreal
u8LAMS Anu CMLnS
ureams and omens help people Lo predlcL Lhe fuLure A person who cannoL see Lhe ole SLar
(uhruva) or Lhe Mllky Way (ChhayapaLha) wlll dle wlLhln Lhe space of a year lf Lhe sun seems Lo
be faded Lo you you wlll noL llve for more Lhan eleven monLhs A person who dreams of
vomlLlng gold or sllver ls noL desLlned Lo llve for more Lhan Len monLhs lf one's fooLmarks on
dusL or mud are noL compleLe one wlll dle wlLhln seven monLhs lf a vulLure a crow or a dove
allghLs on your head LhaL ls a reason for sorrow 1haL means LhaL you wlll dle wlLhln slx monLhs
A person whose reflecLlon ls dlsLorLed or a person who ls suddenly surrounded by a cloud of
dusL wlll llve for four or flve monLhs aL Lhe mosL lf one sees llghLnlng alLhough Lhere are no
clouds ln Lhe sky or lf one sees a ralnbow ln Lhe waLer Lhe lndlcaLed llfe span ls merely of Lwo or
Lhree monLhs lf a person sees LhaL hls refecLlon has a severed head he wlll llve for only one
monLh A person who reeks of Lhe smell of dead bodles has buL a forLnlghL Lo llve lf you flnd LhaL
your feeL are dry afLer Laklng a baLh LhaL ls a reason for greaL sorrow 1haL means LhaL you wlll
dle wlLhln a space of Len day 1he lmpllcaLlons are Lhe same lf you flnd LhaL smoke blllows ouL of
your head A person whose LhlrsL ls never slaked wlll dle very soon ueaLh ls also lmmlnenL for a
dreamer who dreams of Lravelllng souLhwards ln a charloL drawn by bears or monkeys 1he
connoLaLlon ls Lhe same lf one dreams of Lravelllng souLhwards accompanled by slnglng women
dressed ln black ueaLh ls nlgh lf one dreams LhaL one ls wearlng black cloLhes wlLh holes ln
Lhem 1en days of llfe ls all LhaL ls lefL lf one dreams of ashes coal halr or drled rlvers lL ls a bad
omen lf [ackals follow one around aL Lhe sLroke of dawn ueaLh wlll come soon as lL wlll lf your
LeeLh chaLLer afLer havlng a baLh When a lamp ls exLlngulshed a burn smell llngers ln Lhe alr lf
you cannoL smell Lhls you wlll noL llve for long CLher bad omens whlch slgnal Lhe end of llfe
are Lhe followlng seelng a ralnbow aL nlghL falllng Lo see one's own reflecLlon ln Lhe pupll of
anoLher person's eye conLlnuous waLerlng from one eye a rough and blackened Longue
deafness and bllndness 1here are several oLher bad omens lL ls noL Lhe case LhaL Lhese bad
dreams and bad omens cannoL be counLered 1he besL way Lo counLeracL Lhelr lnfluence ls Lo
chanL Lhe manLra (lncanLaLlon) om
kALAS
1here was a sage named Savarnl Pe Lold Lhe wlndgold vayu We know LhaL Lhe presenL kalpa
ls called varaha kalpa 8uL how long ls a kalpa? And whaL are Lhe varlous oLher kalpas? lease
Lell us Lhe answers Lo Lhese quesLlons vayu sald Lhe followlng 1here are 4320000000 years ln a
kalpa Lach kalpa ls only one of 8rahma's days and one Lhousand kalpas consLlLuLe one year for
8rahma LlghL Lhousand such years consLlLuLe 8rahma's yuga and one Lhousand of Lhese yugas
are called a savana 1wo Lhousand savanas consLlLuLe a LrlvrlLa and Lhls ls Lhe perlod of Llme for
whlch 8rahma llves 1he kalpas slnce Lhe orlglnal creaLlon were as follows (1) 8hava (2)
8huva (3) 1apah (4) 8hava (3) 8ambha (6) 8lLu (7) kraLu (8) vahnl (9) Pavyavahana (10)
SavlLra (11) 8huvah (12) Cushlka (13) kushlka (14) Candharva (13) 8lshabha (16) Shada[a
(17) Mar[allya (18) Madhyama (19) valra[a 1he greaL valra[a Manu was born ln Lhls kalpa and
hls son was Lhe greaL sage uadhlchl (20) nlshada 1he race of nlshadas (hunLers) were creaLed
durlng Lhls perlod (21) anchama (22) Meghavahana 1he word megha means cloud and vahana
means Lo bear ln Lhls kalpa vlshnu adopLed Lhe form of a cloud and bore Shlva on hls back lL ls
Lhus LhaL Lhe kalpa recelved lLs name (23) ChlnLaka (24) AkuLl (23) vl[naLl (26) Mana (27)
8hava (28) vrlhaL (29) ShveLalohlLa (30) 8akLa (31) lLavasa (32) SlLa (33) krlshna (34)
vlshvarupa 1he goddess SarasvaLl appeared ln Lhls kalpa
ln each dvapara yuga a vedavyasa ls born 1he vayu urana llsLs Lhe names of Lhe LwenLyelghL
vedavyases who have been born so far
88APMA vlSPnu Anu SPlvA
AL Lhe end of Lhe lasL kalpa Lhere was a mlnor desLrucLlon and Lhe world was flooded wlLh waLer
vlshnu alone slepL on Lhls waLer balanced on Lhe hood of Lhe greaL snake AnanLa Whlle vlshnu
was Lhus sleeplng a loLus sprouLed from hls navel lL was a huge loLus and exLended for a
hundred yo[anas And lL shone wlLh radlance vlshnu began Lo play wlLh Lhe loLus Whlle vlshnu
was Lhus playlng 8rahma arrlved Who are you and why are you sleeplng on Lhls waLer? asked
8rahma l am vlshnu and l am Lhe lord of everyLhlng replled vlshnu 8uL who are you and
where are you golng? Pow can you be Lhe lord of everyLhlng? asked 8rahma l am Lhe lord
of everyLhlng LhaL ls ln Lhe unlverse LveryLhlng LhaL wlll be Lhere ln Lhe unlverse ls already Lhere
lnslde my sLomach lf you don'L belleve me why don'L you enLer my sLomach and see for
yourself? vlshnu's curloslLy was sLlrred and he enLered 8rahma's sLomach lnslde Lhe sLomach
he was greaLly surprlsed Lo flnd all Lhe worlds LhaL would be Lhere ln Lhe unlverse 1he mounLalns
and Lhe oceans were all Lhere So were all Lhe llvlng belngs who would be creaLed vlsnu spenL
one Lhousand years lnslde 8rahma's sLomach marvelllng aL Lhese wonders 8uL he could flnd
nelLher Lhe end nor Lhe beglnnlng of 8rahma's sLomach Pe flnally made hls exlL Lhrough
8rahma's mouLh vlshnu Lold 8rahma l bow down before you you re lndeed Lhe lord of
everyLhlng 1here are many marvels LhaL l saw lnslde your sLomach many are Lhe worlds LhaL are
Lhere 8uL l can also rlval you Why don'L you enLer my sLomach? l Loo can show you many
worlds Lhere 8rahma enLered vlshnu's sLomach and saw many worlds Lhere as vlshnu had
promlsed 8rahma spenL several years lnslde Lhe sLomach buL could flnd nelLher lLs end nor lLs
beglnnlng Meanwhlle vlshnu had closed all Lhe exlLs from hls body and 8rahma could flnd no
way of comlng ouL Pe flnally made hls body very small and came ouL Lhrough vlshnu's navel
Pe clambered up Lhe sLalk of Lhe loLus and seaLed hlmself on Lhe loLus Slnce a loLus ls called
padma and yonl means blrLhplace 8rahma came Lo be known as admayonl
Whlle all Lhls was golng on Shlva arrlved on Lhe scene Pe held a LrldenL ln hls hand Such was
Lhe speed of Shlva's arrlval LhaL huge Lldal waves were creaLed ln Lhe waLer SLrong wlnds sLarLed
Lo blow WhaL ls all Lhls? Why are you shaklng Lhe loLus so and creaLlng Lldal waves? 8rahma asked
vlshnu Who speaks from my navel? sald vlshnu uon'L you remember? replled
8rahma l am 8rahama ?ou had enLered my sLomach and LhereafLer l had enLered your
sLomach 8uL you had closed all Lhe exlLs so LhaL l had no way of geLLlng ouL ln facL l oughL Lo
be downrlghL angry wlLh you for LreaLlng me Lhus l had Lo emerge Lhrough your navel and am
now seaLed on Lhe loLus l am sorry sald vlshnu l had noL meanL Lo lnsulL you l had only
wlshed Lo play wlLh you for a whlle LeL us now be frlends And as a Loken of your frlendshlp
please granL me Lhe boon LhaL you wlll henceforLh be known as my son l agree replled
8rahma AL flrsL l LhoughL LhaL you were shaklng Lhe loLus and creaLlng Lhese Lldal waves ln Lhe
waLer 8uL now l see LhaL Lhere ls anoLher creaLure who ls advanclng Lowards us Pls vlsage ls
Lerrlble Pe has Len arms and he holds a LrldenL Who ls Lhls demon? vlshnu Lold 8rahma LhaL
Lhls was none oLher Lhan Shlva Lhe desLroyer and LhaL Lhe Lwo of Lhem should pray Lo Shlva 8uL
8rahma flaLly refused Lo do Lhls Pe would noL acknowledge Shlva as a superlor vlshnu's
persuaslon however bore frulL and boLh 8rahma and vlshnu sLarLed Lo pray Lo Shlva WhaL can l
do for you? asked Shlva WhaL boon do you deslre? l am sorry LhaL l doubLed you replled
8rahma lease forglve me And as a Loken of your pardon please granL me Lhe boon LhaL you
wlll be born as my son Shlva gladly granLed Lhls boon
MAuPu Anu kAl1A8PA
AfLer Shlva had lefL Lwo broLhers named Mahdu and kalLabha appeared 1hey were demons
Cne of Lhe demons wlshed Lo eaL honey (madhu) as soon as he was born and Lhus came Lo be
known as Madhu 1he oLher demon looked llke an lnsecL (klLa) and Lhus came Lo be known as
kalLabha Madhu and kalLabha wroughL havoc 1hey desLroyed Lhe peLals of Lhe loLus nexL Lhey
Lrled Lo eaL up 8rahma hlmself vlshnu had gone back Lo sleep agaln and 8rahma wake hlm up
lease rescue me from Lhese demons 8rahma Lold vlshnu vlshnu creaLed Lwo belngs from hls
mouLh 1hese were kown as vlshnu and !lshnu and vlshnu (Lhe orlgnlal one ) lnsLrucLed Lhem Lo
desLroy Lhe demons 1he belng vlshnu kllled kalLabha and !lshnu kllled Madhu 8uL lL Look a
hundred years for Lhe demons Lo be kllled 1he faL (meda) from Lhe dead bodles of Lhe demons
formed Lhe earLh 1haL ls Lhe reason why Lhe earLh ls known as medlnl
8uu8A
?ou wlll remember LhaL Shlva had granLed 8rahma Lhe boon LhaL he would be born as 8rahma's
son 1o ensure LhaL Lhls lndeed happened 8rahma began Lo perform very dlfflculL Lapasya
(medlLaLlon) 8uL desplLe all Lhls medlLaLlon noLhlng happened 1hls fallure greaLly angered
8rahma and he sLarLed Lo cry As soon as Lhese Leardrops fell on Lhe ground polsonous snakes
were born from Lhe Lears 1hls saddened 8rahma even more slnce unclean creaLures had been
born as a resulL of hls Lapasya 8rahama was so mlserable LhaL he fell down unconsclous and
dled As soon as 8rahma dled eleven belngs emerged from 8rahma's body 1hey sLarLed Lo cry
as soon as Lhey emerged 1he word rud means Lo cry and Lhese belngs came Lo be known as Lhe
rudras 1he rudras revlved 8rahma 8rahma reallzed LhaL Shlva had been born as hls son ln Lhe
form of Lhese eleven rudras and was happy
Shlva had promlsed 8rahman LhaL he would be born as 8rahma's son 1o achleve Lhls alm
8rahma sLarLed Lo medlLaLe Whlle he was medlLaLlng a son suddenly apppreared on hls lap and
began Lo cry Why are you crylng? asked 8rahma 8ecause l do noL have a name 8eplled Lhe boy
l wlll glve you a name sald 8rahma 8ecause you have crled you wlll be known as
as 8udra 8uL Lhe boy conLlnued Lo cry and lL Lurned ouL LhaL he wanLed a second name 1hls
wenL on for seven Llmes 8udra was accordlng glven Lhe names 8hava Shlva ashupaLl lsha
8hlma urgra and Mahadeva
Where wlll l llve? asked 8udra 8rahma Lold hlm LhaL ln hls elghL dlfferenL forms he would
llve ln Lhe sun Lhe earLh Lhe waLer Lhe flre Lhe alr Lhe sky Lhe bodles of brahmanas and Lhe
moon 1he uescendanLs of 8hrlgu 1he sage 8hrlgu marrled khyaLl uaksha's daughLer 8hrlgu
and khyaLl had Lwo sons named uhaLa and vldhaLa 1hese Lwo were gods 8hrlgu and khyaLl's
daughLer was Lakshml Lhe goddess of wealLh and prosperlLy Lakshml was marrled Lo vlshnu
1he descendanLs of Lhe sage 8hrlgu were known as Lhe 8hargavas Cne of Lhese was Lhe greaL
sage Markandeya 1he vayu urana also enumeraLes Lhe descendanLs of Lhe oLher sages
uAkSPA
uaksha's daughLer SaLl was marrled Lo Shlva uaksha was Lhus Shlva's faLherlnlaw 8uL as a
sonlnlaw Shlva never showed uaksha adequaLe respecL Cr so uaksha felL lor lnsLance Shlva
never bowed down before uaksha Cn one occaslon uaksha lnvlLed all hls daughLers Lo hls
house 1he only one whom he dld noL lnvlLe was SaLl alLhough SaLl happened Lo be hls eldesL
daughLer 1he reason behlnd uaksha's noL lnvlLlng SaLl was hls haLred of Shlva SaLl however
wenL Lo vlslL her faLher alLhough she had noL been lnvlLed And once she was Lhere uaksha
lgnored her and pald her no aLLenLlon laLher why are you LreaLlng me Lhus? asked SaLl l am
afLer all your eldesL daughLer 1haL may be replled uaksha 8uL conslder your husband Pe
ls far lnferlor Lo my oLher sonslnlaw All Lhe oLhers are greaL sages and show me respecL 8uL
your husband ls a worLhless fellow and ls a perpeLual Lhorn ln my slde 1haL ls Lhe reason l do noL
LreaL you wlLh respecL
SaLl was aghasL aL Lhese words My husband and l have noL slnned she Lold her faLher ?eL
you have lnsulLed us boLh l owe Lhls body Lo you slnce you happen Lo be my faLher 8uL l no
longer wlsh Lo possess a body LhaL owes lLs orlgln Lo you l shall Lherefore glve up Lhls body
When l am born agaln l wlll be remarrled Lo Shlva Pavlng sald Lhls SaLl sLarLed Lo perform
yoga Such was Lhe power ofher medlLaLlon LhaL a flre emerged and burnL her physlcal body lnLo
ashes Shlva learnL Lhls Lraglc news and was furlous Pe came Lo uaksha's house and Lold
uaksha lor Lhls sln you wlll be born on earLh 1haL ls my curse on you As for Lhe sages who
are your oLher sonslnlaw Lhey Loo are cursed l don'L care abouL your curses replled uaksa
l wlll conLlnue Lo defy you when l am born on earLh And l wlll lnsLrucL Lhe sages LhaL Lhey are
noL Lo glve you a share of Lhe offerlngs LhaL are made Lo gods aL sacrlflces
SaLl was reborn as arvaLl Lhe daughLer of Menaka (alLernaLlvely Mena) and Plmavana (Lhe
Plmalayas) She was remarrled Lo Shlva 8ecause of Shlva's curse uaksa was born on earLh Pe
was born as Lhe son of Marlsha and Lhe Len racheLas (1he racheLas were broLhers who became
sages and subsequenLly marrled Lhe same woman Marlsha) uaksha declded Lo organlze an
ashvamedha ya[na (horse sacrlflce) 8uL due Lo hls earller enmlLy wlLh Shlva uaksha dld noL
lnvlLe Shlva Lo Lhls sacrlflce 1he sacrlflce was belng held ln Lhe fooLhllls of Lhe Plmalayas on
Lhe banks of Lhe holy rlver Canga All Lhe gods and Lhe sages had been lnvlLed Lo Lhe sacrlflce
and wenL Lo Lhe ceremony 1he only excepLlon was Shlva and hls companlons 1here was a sage named
uadhlcha (alLernaLlvely uadhlchl) Pe proLesLed Lo uaksha LhaL a
sacrlflce should noL be held ln Shlva's absence Such a sancLlLy 8uL uaksha would noL llsLen Lo
uadhlcha 1he sage Lherefore sLaLed LhaL he would noL Lake any furLher parL ln Lhe ya[na
Moreover he assured uaksha LhaL Lhe sacrlflce was doomed Lo be a fallure Shlva and arvaLl
were seaLed on MounL kallasa and Lhey noLlced all Lhe vlmanas (space vehlcles) Lravelllng
Lhrough Lhe sky Lhe gods and Lhelr wlves resplendenLly seaLed Where are all Lhese gods
golng? asked arvaLl uaksha ls performlng a ya[na and Lhey are all golng Lo aLLend Lhe
sacrlflce replled Shlva Why have you noL gone? demanded arvaLl lL musL be LhaL you
have noL been lnvlLed 8uL how ls LhaL posslble? Pow can Lhere be a sacrlflce wlLhouL you havlng
been lnvlLed? ?ou are superlor Lo all Lhe oLher gods lease do someLhlng Lo ensure LhaL you do
geL your share of Lhe offerlngs
Shlva Lhereupon creaLed a demon from hls mouLh 1he demon's name was vlrabhadra Pe had a
Lhousand heads a Lhousand arms and a Lhousand feeL numerous were Lhe weapons LhaL he held
ln hls hands Pls flery vlsage blazed llke Lhe sun lLself and hls form rose way up lnLo Lhe sky
vlrabhadra bowed before Shlva and asked WhaL are my orders? Co and desLroy uaksha's
ya[na was Lhe reply vlrabhadra lefL for Lhe sacrlflce Pe creaLed several oLher demons who
would ald hlm ln Lhe Lask of desLrucLlon arvaLl also creaLed a goddess ouL of her own body Lo
acL as vlrabhadra's companlon 1hls goddess was named 8hadrakall 1hls army Lrooped Lo
uaksha's house and proceeded Lo desLroy everyLhlng Lhere 1he mounLalns shook and Lrembled
wlLh Lhelr roars 1he gods and Lhe sages who had come Lo aLLend Lhe sacrlflce dld noL known
whaL could be done 1hey merely sLood Lhere and were Lhrashed 1he offerlngs LhaL had been
plled up for Lhe sacrlflce were scaLLered here and Lhere by vlrabhadra and hls companlons 1he
scaffoldlngs LhaL had been erecLed were smashed uaksha Lrled Lo run away 8uL vlrabhadra
grabbed hlm and beheaded hlm wlLh a sllce of hls sword
8rahma and Lhe oLher gods sLarLed Lo pray Lo vlrabhadra and hls companlons Who are you?'
Lhey asked Whoever you are please be paclfled lease llsLen Lo our prayers and spare us
uon'L pray Lo me replled vlrabhadra l am merely an lnsLrumenL of Lhe greaL Shlva lf you
musL pray pray Lo Shlva hlmself 1he gods and Lhe sages sLarLed Lo pray Lo Shlva leased by
Lhelr prayers Shlva appeared and seL Lhlngs rlghL Pe resLored Lhe surroundlngs Lo whaL Lhey used
Lo be before vlrabhadra's desLrucLlon began Shlva also revlved uaksha and uaksha Loo sLarLed
Lo pray Lo hlm Shlva obLalned hls due respecL
CLC8C8AP?
Svayambhuva Manu had Lwo sons named rlyavraLa and uLLanapda rlyavaraLa had a hundred
sons 1en of Lhese were named Agnldhra vapushmana Medha MedhaLlLhl vlbhu !yoLlshmana
uyuLlmana Pavya Savana and Sarva When rlyavraLa declded Lo reLlre Lo Lhe foresL he dlvlded
up hls klngdom amongsL seven of hls sons Slnce rlyavraLa had ruled over Lhe enLlre earLh Lhls
ls how Lhe earLh came Lo be dlvlded lnLo seven reglons (dvlpas) Agnldhra lnherlLed !ambuvlpa
MedhaLlLhl lakshadvlpa vapushmana Shalmalldvlpa !yoLlshmana kushadvlpa uyuLlmana
krounchadvlpa Pavya Shakadvlpa and Savana ushkaradvlpa Agnldhra Lhe ruler of
!ambudvlpa had nlne sons 1helr names were nabhl klmpurusha Parl llavrlLa 8amya
Parlnmana kuru 8hadrashva and keLumala When lL became Llme for Agnldhra Lo reLlre Lo Lhe
foresL he dlvlded !ambudvlpa amongsL Lhese nlne sons nabhl lnherlLed Lhe reglon LhaL lles Lo Lhe souLh
of Lhe Plmalayas 1hls ls Lhe reglon LhaL subsequenLly came Lo be known as 8haraLavarsha
(1he word varsha slgnlfles reglon) klmpurusha recelved PemakuLavarsha Parl
nalshadhvarsha 8amya nllavarsha Parlnmana ShveLavarsha 8hadrashva Malyavanavarsha
and keLumala Candhamadanavarsha llvarlLa lnherlLed Lhe reglon around MounL Sumeru and
kuru Lhe reglon Lo Lhe norLh of MounL Shrlngavana nabhl had a son named 8lshabha and
8lshabha's son was 8haraLa lL was afLer 8haraLa LhaL Lhe reglon whlch nabhl ruled over came Lo
be known as 8haraLavarsha
MounL Sumeru (alLernaLlvely Meru) ls ln !ambudvlpa 1hls has a very hlgh alLlLude and gold can
be found ln abundance Lhere 1he easLern slope of Lhe peak ls whlLe and ls assoclaLed wlLh
brahmanas 1he norLhern slope ls red and ls assoclaLed wlLh kshaLrlyas 1he souLhern slope ls
yellow and ls assoclaLed wlLh valshyas 1he wesLern slope ls greylsh and ls assoclaLed wlLh
shudras ?ou wlll remember LhaL 8rahma appeared from a loLus flower Meru was formed ouL of
Lhe sLalk of Lhls flower lL ls lmposslble Lo descrlbe MounL Sumeru 1he varlous sages who have
aLLempLed Lo descrlbe lL do noL agree ln Lhelr descrlpLlons 1hls ls because each sage saw and
Lhus descrlbed only one parL of Lhe peak 1he sage ALrl descrlbed lL as possesslng a hundred
angles Lhe sage 8hrlgu malnLalned LhaL lL had a Lhousand angles Lhe sage Savarnl LhoughL lL was
ocLagonal Lhe sage 8hagurl's descrlpLlon suggesLs LhaL lL had Lhe shape of a quadrllaLeral Lhe
sage varshayanl malnLalned LhaL lL was as shapeless as Lhe ocean Lhe sage kroushLukl descrlbed
lL as clrcular and Lhe sage Cargya sald LhaL lL had Lhe shape of a woman's bralded halr lL ls only
Lhe greaL 8rahma who can descrlbe MounL Sumeru adequaLely
8uL lL ls known LhaL Lhere are many beauLlful valleys ln Lhe reglon surroundlng Lhe peak 1hese
valleys have ponds wlLh llmpld waLer and loLuses bloom ln Lhousands ln Lhese ponds 1here are
also many places wlLh be[ewelled plllars and golden gaLes 1here are landlng sLrlps where Lhe
vlmanas (space vehlcles) of Lhe gods can descend AparL from Lhe places Lhere are several
hermlLages frequenLed by Lhe sages 8uL mosL wonderous of all ls 8rahma's famous assemblyhall
locaLed aLop MounL Sumeru 1hls assemblyhall ls known as ManovaLl 1he vayu urana
now descrlbes Lhe mounLans rlvers ponds and valleys belonglng Lo Lhe dlfferenL varshas 1hese
we wlll gloss over and concenLraLe only on Lhe descrlpLlon of 8haraLavarsha
8haraLavarasha ls bounded by Lhe Plmalayas Lo Lhe norLh and by Lhe ocean Lo Lhe souLh
8haraLavarsha ls dlvlded lnLo nlne reglons (dvlpas) 1he names of Lhese reglons are lndradvlpa
kaserumana 1amraparnl CabhasLlmana nagadvlpa Soumya Candharva and varuna 1hls
adds up Lo elghL 1he nlnLh reglon ls an lsland LhaL ls surrounded by Lhe ocean on all sldes lL ls
noL very easy Lo Lravel from one reglon of 8haraLavarsha Lo anoLher 1he LransporLaLlon problems
are enormous 1he souLhern Llp of 8haraLavarsha ls known as kumarlka (Cape Comorln or
kanyakumarl) 8eyond Lhe boundarles of 8haraLavarsha llve Lhe dlsbellevers (LhaL ls Lhose who
dlsbelleve ln Lhe vedas) 1o Lhe easL llve Lhe klraLas and Lo Lhe wesL llve Lhe yavanas
8haraLavarsha proper ls populaLed by brahmanas kshaLrlyas valshyas and shudras 1here are
seven ma[or mounLaln ranges ln 8haraLavarsha 1hese are known as Mahendra Malaya Sahya
ShakLlmana 8lksha vlndhya and arlpaLra 1here are several oLher mlnor ranges amongsL
whlch are Mandara and 8avlaLaka
8lvers abound ln Lhe reglon owlng Lhelr sources Lo Lhe mounLalns 1he rlvers Canga Slndhu
(lndus) SarasvaLl ShaLadru (SuLle[) Chandrabhaga (Chenab) ?amuna Sarayu lravaLl (8avl) vlLasLa
vlpasha (8eas) uevlka kuhu ComaLl uhuLapapa vahuda urlshadvaLl koushlkl
1rlLlya Candakl nlshchlra lkshu and LohlLa (8rahmapuLra ) orlglnaLe from Lhe fooLhllls of Lhe
Plmalyas 1he rlvers vedashruLl vedavaLl vrlLraghnl arnasha vandana SaLlra MahaLl ara
CharmanvaLl (Chambal) vldlsha veLravaLl Shlpra and AvanLl orlglnaLe ouL of Lhe arlpaLra
range (1hls ldenLlfles Lhe arlpaLra as Lhe Arvalll range) 1he rlvers Shona narmada Mandaklnl
uasharna ChlLrakuLa 1amasa lppala Shronl karaLoya lshachlka nlloLapa !ambula
valuvahlnl SlLera[a ShukLlmaLl Makruna and 1rldlva orlglnaLe from Lhe 8lksha range (1hls
range Lhus seems Lo be Lhe mounLalns around ChoLa nagpur) 1apl (1apLl) ayoshnl
nlrvlndhya 8hadra nlshadha venva valLaranl ShlLlvahu kumudvaLl 1oya Mahagourl
uurga and AnLahshlla are rlves LhaL owe Lhelr source ln Lhe vlndhya range lrom Lhe Sahya
range Lhere orlglnaLe Lhe rlvers Codavarl 8hlmaraLhl krlshna venl van[ula 1ungabhadra
Suproyaga and kaverl (1he Sahya range Lhus corresponds Lo Lhe WesLern ChaLs) lrom Lhe
Malaya range orlglnaLe Lhe rlvers krlLamala 1amravarnl ushapa[aLl and uLpalavaLl ln Lhe
Mahendra range are found Lhe sources of Lhe rlvers 1rlsama kraLuLulya lkshula 1rldlva
Langullnl and vamshadhara 1he rlvers 8lshlka Sukumarl Mandaga Mandavahlnl kupa and
alashlnl orlglnaLe ln Lhe ShakLlmana range
AS18CnCM?
1he earLh ls made up of flve elemenLs (bhuLa) 1hese are earLh wlnd sky waLer and energy
1here are seven reglons ln Lhe underworld (paLala) 1hese are known as aLala suLala vlLala
gabhasLala mahaLala shrlLala and paLala 1he ground ln aLala ls dark ln colour ln suLala lL ls pale
vlLala has ground LhaL ls red ln gabhasLala Lhe ground becomes yellow ln mahaLaka lL ls whlLe
Lhere are numerous sLones and boulders ln shrlLala buL ln paLala Lhe ground ls laced wlLh gold
Snakes and demons llve ln Lhe underworld ALala ls ruled by Lhe demon namuchl suLala by Lhe
demon Maha[ambha vlLala by Lhe demon rahlada gabhasLala by Lhe demon kalaneml
mahaLala by Lhe demon vlrochana shrlLala by Lhe demon kesarl and paLala by Lhe demon vall
1he greaL snake vasukl llves ln shrlLala and Lhe greaL snake Shesha llves ln paLala (vasukl ls a
klng of Lhe snakes (nagas) Pe was Lhe son of uaksha's daughLer kadru and Lhe sage kashyapa
usually vasukl and Shesha are regarded as synonymous Lhe name AnanLa also belng used) 1he
eyes of Lhe snake Shesha are llke red loLuses Pls complexlon ls whlLe and he wears blue ls
Lhousand hoods glow wlLh radlance
!usL as Lher are seven lokas whlch conslLluLe Lhe nelLher reglons Lhere are seven lokas whlch
consLlLuLe Lhe upper reglons 1he unlverse conslsLs of fourLeen lokas 1he seven loka whlch form
Lhe upper reglons are named bhuloka bhuvarloka svaroka maharloka [analoka Lapaloka and
saLyaloka
1he smallesL unlL of Llme ls a nlmesha Lhe Llme lL Lakes of Lhe eyes Lo bllnk llfLeen nlmeshas
consLlLuLe a kashLha LhlrLy kashlLas are a kala LhlrLy kalas make a muhurLa and Lhere are LhlrLy
muhurLas ln Lhe space of one nlghL and one day (ahoraLra) 1he LhlrLy muhurLas ln a day are
dlvlded lnLo Len unlLs each unlL conslsLlng of Lhree muhurLas 1he unlL LhaL corresponds Lo Lhe
Llme of sunrlse ls known as praLa (dawn) 1he nexL unlL ls called sangava (forenoon) lorenoon ls
followed by madhyahna (noon) nexL come aparahna (afLernoon) and sayahna (evenlng) 1hese
flve unlLs made up of flfLeen muhurLas form Lhe day 1here ls an equal number of muhurLas ln Lhe
nlghL 1hls should noL be Laken Lo mean LhaL day and nlghL are always equal SomeLlmes Lhe
day ls longer Lhan Lhe nlghL and someLlmes Lhe nlghL ls longer Lhan Lhe day uay and nlghL are
equal Lwlce a year 1hese Lwo occaslons are Lhe preclse mldpolnLs of early auLumn (sharaL) and
sprlng (vasanLa) llfLeen days make up one paksha (fornlghL) and Lhere are Lwo pakshas ln every
masa (monLh) 1wo masas form a rlLu (season) and Lhree rlLus are called an ayana 1here are
Lherefore Lwo ayanas ln every varha (year) 1he monLhs Magha lalguna ChalLra valshakha
!yalshLha and Ashada are referred Lo as uLLarayana Correspondlngly Lhe monLhs Shravana
8hadra Ashvlna karLlka Agrahayan and ousha are referred Lo as dakshlnayana
Svayambhuva Manu had Lwo sons named uLLanapada and rlyavraLa rlyavraLa's descendanLs
have already been menLloned uLLanapada had a son named uhruva uhruva pleased vlshnu
Lhrough hls Lapasya and obLalned Lhe boon LhaL a place would be reserved for hlm ln Lhe sky
uhruva became Lhe ole SLar 1hls ls ln Lhe consLellaLlon of Shlshumara (ursa Mlnorls or Lhe
LlLLle 8ear) 1he moon Lhe sun Lhe planeLs and Lhe sLars all revolve around uhruva
1he sun's charloL ls made of gold and ls drawn by seven horses 1hese horses are named CayaLrl
1rlshLupa AnushLupa !agaLl amkLl vrlhaLl and ushnlka 1here are Lwelve adlLyas ln each
monLh Lwo adlLyas Lwo sages 1wo gandharvas Lwo apsaras and Lwo rakshasa (demons) rlde on
Lhe sun's charloL LogeLher wlLh Lhe sun 1hls ls as follows (l) 1he monLhs ChalLra and valshakha
Lhe adlLyas uhaLa and Aryama Lhe sages ulasLya and ulaha Lhe gandharvas 1umburu and
narada Lhe apsaras kraLushLhala and pun[lkasLhala and Lhe rakshasas PeLl and raheLl (ll) 1he
monLhs !yalshLha and Ashada Lhe adlLyas MlLra and varuna Lhe sages ALrl and vashlshLha Lhe
gandharvas Paha and Puhu Lhe apsaras Menaka and Saha[anya and Lhe rakshasas ourusheya
and vadha (lll) 1he monLhs Shravana and 8hadra Lhe adlLyas lndra and vlvasvana Lhe sages
Anglra and 8hrlgu Lhe gandharvas vlshvavasu and ugrasena Lhe apsaras romlacha and
nlmlocha and Lhe rakshasa vyaghra and ShveLa (lv) 1he monLhs Ashvlna and karLlka Lhe
adlLyas ar[anaya and usha Lhe sages 8haradva[a and CouLama Lhe gandharvas vlshvavasu
and Surabhl Lhe apsaras vlshvachl and ChrlLachl and Lhe rakshasas Apa and vaLa (v) 1he
monLhs Agrahayana and ousha Lhe adlLyas Amsha and 8haga Lhe sages kashyapa and 8lLu
Lhe gandharvas ChlLrasena and urnayu Lhe apsaras urvashl and vlprachlLLl and Lhe rakshasas
vldyuL and Sfur[[a (vl) 1he monLhs Magha and lalguna Lhe adlLyas 1vashLa and !lshnu Lhe
sages !amadagnl and vlshvamlLra Lhe gandharvas uhrlLarashLra and Suryavarcha Lhe apsaras
1lloLLama and 8ambha and Lhe rakshasas 8rahmopeLa and ?a[nopeLa
1he moon's charloL ls drawn by Len horses 1hese horses are named ?ayu 1rlmana vrlsha 8a[l
8ala vasa 1uranya Pamsa vyoml and Mrlga 8udha's (Mercy) charloL ls drawn by elghL
horses Shukra's (venus) by Len Mangala's (Mars) by elghL and 8rlhaspaLl's (!uplLer) and
Shanl's (SaLurn) also by elghL
SPlvA'S 8LuL 1P8CA1
Many years ago ln saLya yuga Lhe sage vashlshLha meL karLlkeya Lhe son of Shlva and arvaLl
Pavlng worshlpped karLlkeya Lhe sage sald lease Lell me how Shlva's LhroaL came Lo be
blue l do know Lhe answer and l wlll saLlsfy your curloslLy replled karLlkeya l was once on
MounL kallasa sleeplng on my moLher's lap l heard my moLher arvaLl asked my faLher how
hls LhroaL came Lo blue And l wlll relaLe Lo you Shlva's reply 1he gods and Lhe demons once goL
LogeLher and declded Lo churn Lhe ocean (samudra manLhana) 1he gods and Lhe demons were
deslrous of obLalnlng Lhe amrlLa (a llfeglvlng drlnk) LhaL was expecLed Lo emerge as a resulL of
Lhe churnlng of Lhe ocean 8uL when Lhe churnlng began some Lerrlble polson came ouL and Lhe
gods and Lhe demons were despondenL aL Lhe slghL of Lhls polson slnce Lhey LhoughL LhaL lL would
desLroy Lhem all 1hey Lherefore fled Lo 8rahma for proLecLlon
Why are you so despondenL? asked 8rahma A Lerrlble polson named kalakuLa has emerged
as a resulL of Lhe churnlng of Lhe ocean replled Lhe gods and Lhe demons lL ls LhreaLenlng Lo
desLroy Lhe enLlre unlverse lL has even Lurned Lhe greaL vlshnu's complexlon black 1he only
soluLlon ls Lo pray Lo Shlva sald 8rahma Pe alone can dellver us from Lhe effecLs of Lhls
Lerrlble polson 8rahma and Lhe oLher gods sLarLed Lo pray Lo Shlva Shlva was pleased aL Lhese
prayers and appeared Pe swallowed up Lhe polson 8uL such was Lhe sLrengLh of Lhe polson LhaL
lL made Shlva's LhroaL blue 1he word nlla means blue and kanLha means LhroaL Slnce Shlva
became blue of LhroaL ever slnce LhaL day he has been known as nllakanLha
vLuAv?ASA
1he sages requesLed Lomaharshana lease Lell us how Lhe sacred vedas came Lo be dlvlded
Lomaharshana recounLed Lhe followlng sLory When dvapara yuga arrlved 8rahma noLlced LhaL
people were becomlng evll and were no longer paylng sufflclenL aLLenLlon Lo Lhe vedas 1hey
were gradually devlaLlng from Lhe rlghLeous paLh 8rahama declded LhaL Lhe vedas needed Lo be
dlvlded so LhaL Lhelr wlsdom mlghL be dlssemlnaLed amongsL people 8rahma accordlngly
lnsLrucLed krlshna uvalpayana vedavyasa Lo dlvlde Lhe vedas lnLo four parLs vedavyasa had
flve dlsclples 1hese were !almlnl SumanLu vaslhampayana alla and Lomaharshana 1he four
parLs lnLo whlch Lhe vedas were dlvlded were known as Lhe 8lg veda Lhe Sama veda Lhe ?a[ur
veda and Lhe ALharva veda alla was LaughL Lhe 8lg veda !almlnl Lhe Sama veda Lhe ?a[ur
veda and SumanLu Lhe ALharva veda As for me conLlnued Lomaharshana Lhe greaL
vedavyasa LaughL me Lhe uranas alla passed on whaL he had learnL Lo Lhe sages lndrapramLl
and vashkall 1hey were alla's dlsclples lndrapramaLl's dlsclple was Markandeya lrom
Markandeya Lhe knowledge passed successlvely Lo SaLyashrava SaLyashlLa SaLyaraLa and
SaLyashrl SaLyashrl had Lhree dlsclples named Shakalya 8aLhlLara and 8haradva[a Shakalya
was so proud LhaL hls vanlLy led Lo hls desLrucLlon aL Lhe Llme of klng !anaka's horse sacrlflce
sald Lomaharshana
We don'L know Lhe sLory responded Lhe sages WhaL ls Lhls horse sacrlflce LhaL you are
Lalklng abouL? lease Lell us Lhe sLory 1hls ls Lhe sLory LhaL Lomaharshana Lold klng !anaka
organlzed an ashvamedha ya[na (horse sacrlflce) eople came from far and near Lo aLLend Lhe
ceremony and numerous were Lhe sages who graced Lhe occaslon wlLh Lhelr presences klng
!anaka began Lo wonder lf Lhere was any way of flndlng ouL who was Lhe besL among all Lhe
assembled sages Pe devlsed a plan !anaka declded Lo donaLe a Lhousand head of caLLle a
Lhousand gold pleces many vlllages and several servanLs Pe Lhen Lold Lhe sages l have
gaLhered all Lhese rlces as a LrlbuLe Lo knowledge 8uL l am unable Lo declde who amongsL you ls
Lhe mosL learned Why don'L declde for yourselves? LeL Lhe person who ls Lhe mosL superlor
among you clalm all Lhls wealLh for hlmself Pearlng Lhls Lhe sages sLarLed Lo flghL and argue
Lach wanLed Lhe wealLh for hlmself 1herefore each sage malnLalned LhaL he was superlor Lo all
Lhe oLhers AmongsL Lhe sages was Lhe greaL sage ?a[navalkya and ?a[navalkya Lold hls dlsclple 1ake
all
Lhls wealLh Lo my home l am Lhe mosL learned amongsL Lhe sages l have sLudled Lhe vedas really
well l wlll debaLe wlLh anyone who dares Lo challenge me and esLabllsh my supremacy 1he
oLher sages were naLurally noL aL all pleased Lo hear Lhese words and Lhey began Lo debaLe wlLh
?a[navalkya Lven Lhough all Lhe sages comblned agalnsL ?a[navalkya Lhey were no maLch for
hlm and ?a[navalkya easlly defeaLed Lhem ?a[navalkya Lhen addressed Lhe sage Shakalya
WhaL abouL you Shakalya? he asked Why have you kepL quleL? l know LhaL you are full of
vanlLy abouL your learnlng WhaL abouL debaLlng wlLh me? lL ls you who are proud and valn
reLorLed Shakalya l wlll brlng you down a peg or Lwo l am cerLalnly golng Lo debaLe wlLh you
1he debaLe sLarLed Shakalya asked ?a[navalkya more Lhan a Lhousand quesLlons buL
?a[navalkya provlded Lhe rlghL answers Lo all of Lhese quesLlons Pe Lhen Lold Shakalya l wlll
ask you a slngle quesLlon lf you cannoL glve me Lhe rlghL answer l curse you LhaL you wlll dle
Shakalya dld noL know Lhe answer Lo Lhe quesLlon LhaL ?a[navalkya asked Pe Lherefore dled 8uL
prlor Lo Lhese evenLs havlng Laken place Shakalya had composed flve sacred LexLs known as
SamhlLas And he had LaughL Lhese Lo hls dlsclples Mudgala Coloka khallya MaLsya and
Shalshlreya
Lomaharshana conlnued wlLh ?a[navalkya's sLory vedavyasa LaughL Lhe ?a[navalkya's sLory
vedavyasa LaughL Lhe ?a[ur veda Lo valshampayana valshampayana composed slxLyslx
samhlLas and LaughL Lhem Lo hls dlsclples 1hese dlsclples came Lo be known as Lhe charakas
Why dld Lhese dlsclples come Lo be known as Lhe charakas? Lhe sages asked Lomaharshana
Lomaharshana reclLed Lhe followlng sLory 1here was an occaslon when an lmporLanL rellglous
rlLe had Lo be performed All Lhe sages agreed Lo meeL on MounL Sumeru so LhaL Lhey mlghL
declde on Lhe modus operandl for observlng Lhls rellglous rlLe lL was also agreed LhaL any sage
who falled Lo aLLend Lhe assembly on MounL Sumeru would be regarded as gullLy of havlng
commlLLed a sln And Lhe sln would be equlvalenL ln severlLy Lo Lhe sln commlLLed from kllllng a
brahmana
lor varlous reasons valshampyana could noL aLLend Lhe assembly lor a sln LhaL was equlvalenL
Lo Lhe sln commlLLed ln kllllng a brahmana valshampayana had Lo perform severe penance 1hls
lnvolved Lhe observance of a dlfflculL rellglous rlLe (vraLe) valshampayana Lold all hls dlsclples
lease help me ln Lhe observance of Lhls dlfflculL vraLa AmongsL valshampayana's dlsclples
was ?a[navalkya ?a[navalkya sald Why are you boLherlng all Lhese dlsclples? My powers of
Lapasya are such LhaL l alone can perform whaL ls requlred valshampayana regarded Lhls as
unwarranLed vanlLy on hls dlsclple's parL Pe Lherefore Lold ?a[navalkya LhaL he no longer
wlshed Lo have ?a[navalkya as a dlsclple ?a[navalkya should also reLurn whaLever lL was LhaL he
had learnL from valshampayana ?a[navalkya Lherefore vomlLed ouL hls knowledge of Lhe ?a[ur
veda
1o reacqulre Lhe knowledge of Lhe vedas ?a[navalkya sLarLed Lo medlLaLe Pe prayed Lo Lhe
sungod Surya lrom Surya ?a[navalkya came Lo acqurled knowledge of Lhe ?a[ur veda
?a[navalkya LaughL Lhls knowledge of Lhe ?a[ur veda (Shuka ?a[ur veda) ?a[navalkya LaughL
Lhls knowledge Lo flfLeen of hls dlsclples 1hese dlsclples were named kanva valdheyashall
Madhyandlna Shapeyl vldlgdha Apya uddala 1amrayana vaLsya Calava Shalshlrl ALavl
Lnl vlranl and Saparayana Why were valshampana's dlsclples known as Lhe charakas? 1he word
acharana means acL Slnce valshampayana had commlLLed an acL LhaL was Lhe equlvalenL of
kllllng a brahmana hls dlsclples came Lo be named Charakas
Lomaharashana also Lold Lhe sages LhaL he hlmself had LaughL Lhe uranas Lo slx of hls dlsclple
1hese dlsclples were SumaLl AkrlLavrana 8haradva[a MlLrayu Savarnl and Susharma
MAnvAn1A8AS
Lomaharshana nexL Lold Lhe sages abouL Lhe varlous manvanLara (eras) Lach of 8rahma's days ls
referred Lo as a kalpa (cycle) and LhaL Lhere are fourLeen manvanLaras ln each kalp Lach
manvanLara ls ruled over by a Manu and lasLs for a duraLlon of 306720000 years 1he gods Lhe
seven greaL sages and Lhe lndlvldual who holds Lhe LlLle of lndra change from one manvanLara Lo
anoLher ln Lhe presenL kalpa slx manvanLaras have already passed 1he flrsL Manu was
Svayambhuva 1he second Manu was Svarochlsha 1he gods Lhen were Lhe LushlLas and Lhe
paravaLas and Lhere were LwenLyfour such gods valdha ruled as lndra Lhen and Lhe seven greaL
sages were ur[[a SLambha kashyapa 8hargava urona 8lshabha and Anglra 1he Lhlrd Manu
was CuLLama 1he gods Lhen were Lhe sudhamanas Lhe devas Lhe praLardanas Lhe saLyas and Lhe
shlvas 1he fourLh Manu wa 1amasa 1he gods of Lhls manvanLara were Lhe saLyas Lhe svarupas
Lhe sudhls and Lhe harls Shlbl held Lhe LlLle of lndra Lhen and Lhe names of Lhe seven greaL sages
were kavya Parsha kashyapa rlLhu ALreya Agnl and !yoLlrdhama 1he flfLh Manu was
8alvaLa 1he names of gods of Lhls era were Lhe vlpras Lhe amrlLlas Lhe supaLls and varlous
oLhers 1he lndra of Lhls perlod was vlbhu and Lhe seven greaL sages were oulasLya vedavahu
?a[uh Plranyaroma vedashrl 8hargava and urddhavahu 1he slxLh Manu was Chakshusha
1he gods Lhen was Lhe adyas prasuLas Lhe bhavyas Lhe prlLhukas and Lhe lekhas Mano[ava held
Lhe LlLle of lndra and Lhe seven greaL sages were Pavlrdhana Sudhama vashlshLhavlra[a
oulasLya oulaha and MadhuraLreya 1he presenL Manu ls known as valvasvaLa and Lhls ls Lhe
sevenLh manvanLara of Lhe presenL kalpa 1he gods of Lhls era are Lhe adlLyas Lhe vasus Lhe
rudras Lhe sadhyas and Lhe vlshvadevas 1he LlLle of lndra ls held by urandara and Lhe seven
greaL sages are vlshvamlLra !amadagnl 8haradva[a SharadvaLa CouLama ALrl vasumana and
vaLsarl 1here wlll be seven more manvanLaras ln Lhe fuLure before Lhe unlverse ls desLroyed
1he elghLh Manu wlll be Savarnl 1he seven greaL sages Lhen wlll be Calava 8hargava
uvalpayna krlpa ulpLlmana 8lshyashrlnga and AshvaLLhama 1he gods wlll be Lhe amlLabhas
Lhe suLapas and Lhe sukhas and Lhe LlLle of lndra wlll be besLowed on vall Lhe son of vlrochana
1he nlnLh Manu wlll be Merusavaranl or uakshasavarnl AdbhuLa wlll hold Lhe LlLle of lndra
Lhen 1he seven greaL sages wlll be Skanda MedhaLlLhl vasu !yoLlshmana uyuLlmana
Pavyavahana SuLapa and vaslLa 1he LenLh Manu wlll be uharmasavarnl 1he gods Lhen wlll be
Lhe sukhamanas and Lhe vlruddhas 1he LlLle of lndra wlll be held by ShanLl and Lhe seven greaL
sages wlll be Pavlshmana SuklrLl ALrl ApamurLl raLlpa nabhaga and Abhlmanyu 1he
elevenLh Manu wlll be 8havasavarnl (alLernaLlvely known as 8udrasavarnl) 1he gods Lhen wlll
be Lhe nlrmanaraLls Lhe kama[as and Lhe mano[avas 1he seven greaL sages wlll be Pavlshmana
vapushamana varnul 8haga ushLl nlshchara and AgnlLe[a and vrlsha wlll hold Lhe LlLle of
lndra 1he LwelfLh Manu wlll be 8lLasavarnl 1he gods Lhen wlll be Lhe harlLas Lhe rohlLas Lhe
sumanas Lhe sukarmas and Lhe suparas 1he LlLle of lndra wlll vesL wlLh 8lLadhama and Lhe seven
greaL sages wlll be krlLl SuLapa 1apomurLl 1apasvl 1aposhayana 1aporaLl and 1apomaLl 1he
LhlrLeenLh Manu wlll be 8ouchya 1he suLramas Lhe sudharmas and Lhe sukarmas wlll be Lhe gods Lhen
ulvaspaLl wlll be Lhe lndra and Lhe seven greaL sages wlll be uhrlLlmana aLhyavana
1aLLvadarshl nlruLsaka nlshprakampa nlrmoha and Svarupa 1he fourLeenLh and flnal Manu
wlll be 8houLya
vLnA Anu 8l1Pu
1he slxLh Manu was Chakshusha Cne of Chakshusha's descendanLs was Lhe greaL klng lrLhu
Lhe son of vena Chakshusha had a son named uru and uru had a son named Anga Agna marled
SunlLha and Lhey had a son named vena vena was evll and when he became Lhe klng he sLarLed
Lo oppress Lhe world and hls sub[ecLs 1he sages had no opLlon buL Lo klll vena 1he sages Lhen
began Lo knead vena's dead body When Lhe rlghL arm of Lhe dead body was kneaded rlLhu was
born Pe emerged fully grown and wlLh a bow and several arrows held ln Lhls hand Pe as also
dressed ln lnvlnclble armour Such was rlLhu's radlance LhaL he blazed llke Lhe flamlng sun
1he sages lnLerrupLed Lomaharshana Pow came vena Lo be evll? Lhey asked And lf vena
was evll why wasn'L rlLhu evll as well? Lhey asked vena's moLher was SunlLha and SunlLha
was Lhe daughLer of MrlLyu was really evll 8lghL from hls blrLh vena Lended Lo assoclaLe wlLh
Lhls maLernal grandfaLher and Lhus plcked up evll ways Pe sLopped bellevlng ln Lhe vedas ln
facL when he become klng vena lnsLrucLed LhaL all ya[nas should cease ln hls klngdom 1here
was no need Lo pray Lo Lhe gods 1he only person who was deservlng of worshlp was vena
hlmself 1he sages Lrled Lo persuade vena Lo glve up hls evll ways and brlng hlm back Lo Lhe
rlghLeous paLh buL vena refused Lo llsLen lL was Lhen LhaL Lhe sages slew vena
8uL vena had no son Who would be klng ln hls place? 1here had Lo be a klng oLherwlse Lhe
klngdom would degeneraLe lnLo anarchy 1o obLaln a son Lhe sages sLarLed Lo knead Lhe dead
body When Lhe lefL arm was kneaded a dwarf was born as a resulL of Lhe kneadlng 1he dwarf
was dark ln complexlon and exceedlngly ugly SlL Lhe sages Lold Lhe dwarf nlshlda (1he
word nlshlda means Lo slL') All Lhe evll LhaL was ln vena's body wenL lnLo Lhe body of Lhe dwarf
and Lhe dead body was cleansed of all evll 1he dwarf came Lo acqulre Lhe name of nlshada from
Lhe word nlshlda Pls descendanLs were also known by Lhe same name and became a race of
hunLers and flshermen 1hey llved ln Lhe vlndhya mounLalns 1hus when Lhe dead body was
kneaded agaln Lhere was no more evll lefL and rlLhu came Lo be rlghLeous 1he word prlLhu
means plump Slnce vena's rlghL palm was falrly plump and slnce vena's son was born when
Lhe rlghL palm was kneaded Lhe son acqulred Lhe name of rlLhu 1he sages arranged for rlLhu's
coronaLlon 1he waLers of all Lhe rlvers and all Lhe oceans were broughL for Lhls ceremony All
Lhe gods graced Lhe occaslon by Lhelr presence 1hus lL was LhaL rlLhu came Lo rule over Lhe
enLlre earLh Pe ruled well and hls sub[ecLs prospered 1he earLh ylelded an abundanL supply or
foodgralns 1he cows were full of mllk
lL was aL Lhe Llme LhaL 8rahma organlsed a ya[na 1wo classes of people known as Lhe suLas and
Lhe magadhas were born from Lhls ya[na 1hey were acLually crossbreeds 1he suLas were for
example Lhe offsprlng of kshaLrlya faLhers and brahmana moLhers 1he sages asked Lhe suLas and
Lhe magadhas Lo compose and slng songs ln pralse of Lhe greaL klng rlLhu Lven slnce LhaL day
Lhe suLas and Lhe magadhas became raconLeurs who sung songs ln pralse of klngs 1he suLas were
asked Lo llve ln Lhe reglon known a Anupa and Lhe magadhas ln Lhe reglon known as Magadha
Powever rlLhu's sub[ecLs sLlll dld noL possess any speclflc occupaLlons 1hey Lherefore wenL Lo
Lhelr klng and sald lease Lell us how we may make a llvlng
1o achleve Lhls end rlLhu declded Lo level ouL Lhe earLh 8uL Lhe earLh was scared and adopLlng
Lhe form of a cow sLarLed Lo flee 1hls angered rlLhu and he pursued Lhe earLh wlLh hls bow ln
hls hand Wherever ln Lhe Lhree worlds Lhe earLh fled Lo rlLhu followed Pe was deLermlned Lo
klll Lhe earLh
llnally Lhe earLh soughL refuge wlLh rlLhu hlmself lease do noL klll me she sald l am a
woman and kllllng a woman ls a crlme 8esldes lf you klll me how wlll your sub[ecLs make a
llvlng? l have a beLLer ldea l have adopLed Lhe form of cow Mllk me lnsLead and your ob[ecLlve
wlll be aLLalned
rlLhu dld whaL Lhe earLh had asked hlm Lo Pe mllked Lhe earLh As a resulL of Lhls mllklng seeds
of foodgralns emerged and people could make a llvlng ouL of Lhese rlLhu also used hls bow Lo
level ouL Lhe earLh vlllages and clLles could now be bullL ln Lhe plalns Larller Lhese had been
unknown AgrlculLure anlmal husbandry and Lrade had also been unknown earller
lL was afLer rlLhu LhaL Lhe earLh came Lo be known as prlLhlvl 1hls mllklng of Lhe earLh was ln
addlLlon Lo Lhe orlglnal mllklng of Lhe earLh LhaL 8rahma had performed ln facL Lhe earLh was
mllked once ln every manvanLara
1PL 8ACPL1AS
rlLhu had a son named AnLardhana and AnLardhana's son was Pavlrdhana Pavlrdhana's son
was rachlvarhl rachlnavarhl marrled Savarna Lhe daughLer of Lhe ocean rachlnavarhl and
Savarna had Len sons known as Lhe racheLas
1he racheLas were lnLeresLed ln medlLaLlng 1hey performed Lapasya for Lhousands of years
under Lhe oceans 1hey were acLually supposed Lo rule Lhe earLh As long as Lhe racheLas
medlLaLed Lhey dld noL rule 1he earLh became dense wlLh foresLs 1rees grew everywhere and so
dense was Lhe growLh LhaL Lhe wlnd could noL blow lor Lhe Len Lhousand years LhaL Lhe racheLas
medlLaLed Lhelr sub[ecLs suffered
1he news of Lhls mlshap evenLually reached Lhe racheLas and Lhelr anger was roused Such was
Lhe fury of Lhelr anger LhaL flames lssued from Lhelr mouLhs and burnL up all Lhe Lrees Soma was
Lhe god of Lhe Lrees When Soma saw LhaL all Lhe Lrees were belng burnL up he Lrled Lo paclfy Lhe
racheLas
lease resLarln your anger he sald lL ls Llme for you Lo devoLe aLLenLlon Lo geLLlng marrled
and havlng chlldren so LhaL Lhe world mlghL be populaLed l have wlLh me a woman named
Marlsha a daughLer of Lhe Lrees lease accepL her as your wlfe
1he Len archeLas marrled Marlsha and a son named uaksha was born
uAkSPA'S uLSCLnuAn1Suaksha's descendanLs have already been menLloned ln Lhe secLlon on creaLlon
1he vayu urana
now glves an accounL whlch ls ln cerLaln respecLs conLradlcLory Lo Lhe earller accounL
uaksha marrled Aslkll Lhe daughLer of vlrana uaksha and Aslkll had a Lhousand sons named
Lhe Paryashva 8uL Lhe sage narada persuaded Lhe Paryashvas LhaL Lhere was noLhlng Lo be
galned by belng lnLeresLed ln Lhe maLerlal world 1hese sons Lherefore forsook Lhe world and
wenL away Lo medlLaLe uaksha and Aslkll Lhen had anoLher Lhousand sons known as Lhe
Shavalshvas 8uL narada persuaded Lhese sons also Lo go away and medlLaLe
1hereafLer uaksha and Aslkll had slxLy daughLers 1en of Lhese daughLers were marrled Lo
uharma 1wenLyseven daughLers were marrled Lo Lhe moongod Chandra 1hese were Lhe
LwenLyseven nakshaLras (sLars) 1helr names were Ashvlnl 8haranl krlLLlka ushya Ashlesha
unarvasu urvafalgunl uLLarafalgunl Magha PasLa ChlLra SvaLl !yesLha vlshakha
Anuradha Mula urvashada uLLarashada Shravana uLLarabhadrapada 8evaLl 8ohlnl
Mrlgashlra and Ardra
lourLeen of uaksha's daughLers were marrled Lo Lhe sage kashyapa and all llvlng belngs ln Lhe
unlverse are descended from kashyapa 1he daughLers who were marrled Lo kashyapa were
named AdlLl ulLl uanu khasa ArlshLa Surasa Surabhl vlnaLa 1amra krosdhavasha lra
kadru and Munl
AdlLl had Lwelve sons known as Lhe adlLyas 1hese were Lhe gods
Surabhl pleased Shlva wlLh her Lapasya and obLalned Lhe eleven rudras as her chlldren She was
also Lhe moLher of all horses cows buffaloes and oLher quadruped anlmals
ul1l'S CPlLu8Ln
ulLl's sons were known as Lhe dalLyas (demons) ulLl orlglnally had Lwo sons named
Plranyakashlpu and Plranyaksha Plranyakashlpu was Lhe elder
kashyapa once organlzed an ashvamedha ya[na (horse sacrlflce) All Lhe gods and Lhe sages
came Lo aLLend Lhls sacrlflce A golden Lhrone had been prepared for Lhe chlef prlesL ulLl was
also presenL on Lhe occaslon Lhen She had aL Lhe Llme been bearlng a baby for Len Lhousand
years ln her womb When all arrangemenLs had been made for Lhe sacrlflce Lhe baby was born
1he newly born baby ascended Lhe Lhrone reserved for Lhe chlef prlesL and lmmedlaLely began Lo
reclLe Lhe vedas lL was Lhls baby who came Lo be known as Plranyakashlpu
Plranyakashlpu hung upslde down for one lakh years and prayed Lo 8rahma 1hrough Lhls
perlod he fasLed 1hls acL of Lapasya so pleased 8rahma LhaL he granLed Plranyakashlpu a boon
whereby Lhe demon became lnvlnclble 1hus forLlfled Plranyakashlpu sLarLed Lo oppress Lhe
world Pe drove Lhe gods ouL of heaven Plranyakashlpu was evenLually kllled by vlshnu ln hls
naraslmha (halfman halfllon) lncarnaLlon Plranyakashlpu had four sons named rabhlada Anuhlada
Samhlada and Plada Plada's son
was Sunda and Sunda's wlfe was 1adaka lL was Lhls 1adaka whom 8ama (ln Lhe 8amayana)
kllled 1adaka's son was Muka Muka was kllled by Ar[una (ln Lhe MahabharaLa)
rahlada's son was vlrochana and vlrochana's son was vall vall was defeaLed by vlshnu ln hls
vamana (dwarf) lncarnaLlon vall had a son named vana
As for Plranyakashlpu's broLher Plranyaksha he had flve sons 1hey were named uLkara
Shakunl kalanabha Mahanabha and 8huLasanLapan Plranyaksha was kllled by vlshnu ln hls
varaha (boar) lncarnaLlon
Plranyakashlpu and Plranyaksha had a slsLer named Slmhlka
ulLl noLlced LhaL her sons and Lhelr descendanLs were sufferlng aL Lhe hands of Lhe gods ofLen
wlLh Lhe connlvance of vlshnu She Lherefore dld her besL Lo please her husband kashyapa
kashyapa was evenLually saLlsfled and agreed Lo granL ulLl a boon
lease granL me Lhe boon LhaL l may have a son who wlll klll lndra sald ulLl
1hls was sllghLly awkward for kashyapa 1he gods were also hls sons from hls oLher wlfe AdlLl
Pe Lold ulLl LhaL she would have Lo observe cleanllness for a hundred years lf she succeeded ln
dolng Lhls she would lndeed glve blrLh Lo a son who would slay lndra 8uL lf she falled Lhe son
would become lndra's frlend and companlon 1hls condlLlon ulLl accepLed
ulLl sLarLed Lo perform Lapasya so LhaL she mlghL have Lhe son she wanLed 8uL lndra had goL Lo
know abouL whaL ulLl was afLer Pe hung around Lhe hermlLage helplng hls aunL by feLchlng
frulLs rooLs and wood from Lhe foresL 8uL Lhls aLLempL aL aldlng hls aunL was merely a preLexL
lndra was Lhe lookouL for some unclean acL LhaL ulLl mlghL commlL
nlneLynlne of Lhe hundred appolnLed years passed
lL was Lhen LhaL ulLl made her flrsL mlsLake She was so Llred LhaL she fell asleep resLlng her head
on her Lhlghs ln Lhe process her halr Louched her feeL 1hls was an unclean acL ln a flash lndra
selzed hls opporLunlLy now LhaL ulLl had commlLLed an unclean acL he could freely enLer her
body Pe enLered ulLl's womb and found Lhe baby Lhere lndra possessed a weapon known as Lhe
va[ra WlLh Lhe va[ra lndra sllced up Lhe baby lnLo seven parLs
1he parLs began Lo cry and lndra sald ma ruda whlch means don'L cry
8uL Lhe parLs conLlnued Lo cry and lndra carved up each of Lhe parLs lnLo seven more secLlons
1here were Lhus forLynlne parLs ln all
Meanwhlle ulLl had woken up and she begged lndra noL Lo klll her sons lndra agreed 1he sons
were born 8ecause of Lhe words lndra had uLLered Lhey came Lo be known as Lhe maruLs 1hanks
Lo kashyapa's boon Lhey became frlends and consLanL companlons of lndra 1hey were elevaLed
Lo Lhe sLaLus of gods kASP?AA'S C1PL8 CPlLu8Ln
WhaL of kashyapa's wlfe uanu? Per sons came Lo be known as Lhe danavas (demons) Munl
gave blrLh Lo Lhe gandharvas (slngers of heaven) and apsaras (dancers of heaven) vlnaLa had Lwo
sons named Aruna and Caruda 1helr slsLers were Lhe moLhers of all Lhe blrds kadru gave blrLh
Lo Lhe snakes (nagas) Chlef among Lhem were Shesha vasukl and 1akshaka khasa gave blrLh Lo
sons 1hese sons were exceedlngly ugly 1he yakshas (demlgods who were companlons of Lhe
god kubera) were descended from Lhe elder broLher and Lhe rakshasas (demons) were descended
from Lhe younger broLher Surasa's sons were oLher rakshasas lra was Lhe moLher of all Lrees and
herbs krodhavasha gave blrLh Lo Lhe ghosLs (plshachas) 1amra's chlldren were wlld anlmals
1PL AnCLS1C8S
Who are Lhe ancesLors? asked Lhe sages
Lomaharshana recounLed Lhe followlng sLory When 8rahma flrsL sLarLed Lo creaLed Lhe gods
were born 1hese gods noL only dld noL worshlp 8rahma Lhey sLarLed Lo creaLe Lhemselves
8rahma Lherefore cursed Lhem LhaL Lhey would become lgnoranL 1he gods dld noL rellsh Lhls
ldea Lhey Lherefore Lrled Lo paclfy 8rahma
?ou wlll have Lo perform penance for your slns sald 8rahma As for Lhe means of penance
why don'L you ask Lhe belngs whom you have creaLed? 1hey wlll lnsLrucL you ln Lhe ways of
wlsdom
1he sons accordlngly lnsLrucLed Lhe faLhers A person who lnsLrucLs ls known as a faLher (plLa)
1he sons of Lhe gods accordlng became llke Lhe faLhers of Lhe gods and are revered as Lhe
ancesLors (plLrls) lL ls Lhese plLrls who are glven offerlngs aL Lhe Llme of shraddha (funeral)
ceremonles ln general Lhe plLrls also lnclude dead ancesLors and Lhe Len pra[apaLls who rule over
Lhe unlverse
1he ancesLors had a daughLer named Mena who was marrled Lo Plmavana (Lhe Plmalayas)
Mena (alLernaLlvely Menaka) and Plmavana had Lhree daughLers named Aparna Lkaparna and
LkapaLala
1hese Lhree daughLers medlLaLed for Lwo Lhousand years LkapaLala medlLaLed under a snakegourd
(paLala) Lree Lach day she aLe only one (eka) snakegourd lL was Lhus LhaL she came Lo
acqulre Lhe name of LkapaLala 1he word parna means leaf Lkaparna aLe only one leaf every day
and Lhus acqulred her name Aparna aLe noLhlng aL all Slnce she dld noL eaL even a leaf she came
Lo be known as Aparna Aparna was also known as uma And even as arvaLl slnce she was Lhe
daughLer of Lhe mounLaln (parvaLa) Plmavana
arvaLl was marrled Lo Shlva 1helr son was Skanda or kumara Skanda goL separaLed from hls
parenLs and was broughL up by Lhe krlLLlkas (goddesses or nakshaLras) Pe Lherefore obLalned Lhe
name of karLlkeya
1PL SCLA8 LlnL1he sungod Surya was born as Lhe son of kashyapa and AdlLl Surya was born as an egg
(anda)
lor days on end noLhlng happened Lo Lhe egg and Lhe shell dld noL crack vlshvakarma was Lhe
archlLecL of Lhe gods When vlshvakarma found LhaL noLhlng was happenlng Lo Lhe egg he
cracked lL open wlLh a blow kashyapa was lnlLlally alarmed aL Lhls acL slnce he LhoughL LhaL Lhe
son who was lnslde Lhe egg mlghL have dled 8uL he soon dlscovered LhaL Lhls was noL Lhe case
and remarked Lhe egg (anda) has noL dled lrom Lhls expresslon Lhe son who was born came
Lo be known as MarLanda
As MarLanda Surya named Sam[na vlshvakarma's daughLer 1hey had Lwo sons and a daughLer
1he sons were named ?ama and valvasvaLe (Lhls was Lhe one who became a Manu) 1he
daughLer was ?aml (or ?amuna)
8uL so sLrong was Lhe sun's radlance LhaL Sam[na could noL bear Lo look aL her husband She
evenLually LhoughL of a way ouL She creaLed an lmage who looked exacLly llke her 1hls lmage
was called Chhaya (shadow)
l am golng off Lo my faLher's house replled Sam[na lease sLay here and preLend Lo be
Sam[na 1ake care of my chlldren and under no clrcumsLances dlvulge LhaL you are Chhaya
l wlll do whaL you ask sald Chhaya 8uL Lhere ls a condlLlon l wlll noL relaLe Lhe LruLh as long
as l am noL cursed or as long as no one grasps me by Lhe halr 8uL Lhe momenL Lhls condlLlon ls
vlolaLed l wlll reveal all
Sam[na agreed Lo Lhls condlLlon and lefL for vlshvakarma's house lnlLlally vlshvakarma was
qulLe happy Lo see hls daughLer 8uL days passed and Sam[na dld noL reLurn Lo her husband
vlshvakarma now reallzed LhaL someLhlng musL be amlss and ca[oled hls daughLer Lo reLurn Lo
Surya A Lhousand years passed llnally Sam[na could bear her faLher's scoldlng no longer
reLendlng Lo reLurn Lo her husband She lefL vlshvakarma's house She adopLed Lhe form of a
mare and sLarLed Lo llve ln Lhe reglon known as uLLarakuru
Meanwhlle Surya had noL reallzed LhaL Sam[na had been subsLlLuLed by Chhaya Surya and
Chhaya had parenLed Lwo sons and a daughLer 1he sons were Savarnl (who would become a
Manu) and Shanl (Lhe planeL SaLurn) and Lhe daughLer was 1apaLl
Chhaya was clearly more aLLenLlve Lowards her own chlldren Lhan Lowards Sam[na's
valvasLa dld noL mlnd Lhls aL all Pe was Lhe eldesL and more collecLed and balanced 8uL ?ama
resenLed Lhls apparenL parLlallLy ln a flL of chlldlsh peLulance he klcked Chhaya
?ou have dared Lo klck your faLher's wlfe sald Chhaya l Lherefore curse you LhaL your feeL
wlll decay lL ls wlLh Lhese feeL LhaL you have klcked me
?ama wenL and complalned Lo Surya Pe had slnned buL he was no more Lhan a chlld MlghL hls
Lransgresslon noL have been overlooked on LhaL accounL? 8esldes whaLever Lhe provocaLlon does
a moLher ever curse her own son? Surya dld whaL he could Lo mlLlgaLe Lhe effecLs of Lhe curse 8uL he
also reallzed LhaL someLhlng
musL be wrong When he demanded Lo know Lhe LruLh from Chhaya she revealed noLhlng 8uL
when Surya LhreaLened Lo curse her and grasped her by Lhe halr Lhe condlLlons Chhaya had made
were vlolaLed Chhaya now revealed Lhe LruLh
Surya wenL Lo vlshvakarma's house Lo flnd ouL where Sam[na was Pearlng whaL had happened
vlshvakarma offered Lo sllce off some of Lhe sun's energy lL was afLer all Lhe sun's greaL
radlance LhaL had moLlvaLed Sam[na Lo do whaL she had done Surya was noL averse Lo Lhls ldea
and hls appearance was greaLly lmproved by vlshvakarma's acLlon
Surya goL Lo know LhaL Sam[na was ln Lhe uLLarakuru klngdom ln Lhe form of a mare Pe adopLed
Lhe form of a horse and [olned hls wlfe Lhere As horses Surya and Sam[na had Lwo sons named
nasaLya and uasra Slnce Lhe word ashva means horse and slnce Lhese Lwo had been born when
Lhelr parenLs had adopLed Lhe forms of horse Lhey were also known as Lhe Lwo Ashvlnls 1hey
became Lhe physlclans of Lhe gods AfLer Lhe Ashvlnls were born Surya and Sam[na reLurned Lo
Lhelr orlglnal forms
valvasvaLa Manu was Lhe eldesL son of Surya and Sam[na valvasvaLa Manu performed a ya[na
so LhaL he mlghL have a son 8uL lnsLead of a son a daughLer named lla was born
1herafLer nlne sons were born Lo valvasvaLa 1hey were lkshvaku nahusha uhrlshLa SharyaLl
narlshyanLa ramshu nabhaga karusha and rlshadhra
1he klngs of Lhe solar llne (surya vamsha) were descended from lkshvaku ln Lhls llne was born
8ama of Lhe 8amayana fame
uPunuPu
ln Lhe solar llne Lhere was a klng named vrlhadashva Pe had LwenLyone Lhousand sons 1he
eldesL son was known as kuvalashva When vrlhadashva aged he declded Lo reLlre Lo Lhe foresL
wlLh hls wlfe As for Lhe klngdom he resolved LhaL he would hand lL over Lo kuvalashva
8uL as Lhe coronaLlon ceremony was abouL Lo Lake place a sage named uLanka arrlved ln Lhe
caplLal uLanka Lold vrlhadashva klng please do noL reLlre Lo Lhe foresL [usL yeL lf you do so
we wlll noL be able Lo Lo medlLaLe ln peace My hermlLage ls on Lhe shores of Lhe ocean and Lhe
seashore ls frequenLed by a Lerrlble demon named uhundhu Pe ls so powerful LhaL even Lhe gods
cannoL vanqulsh hlm Pe hldes under Lhe sand and medlLaLes Pe exhales hls breaLh once every
year and when he does so all hell breaks loose 1errlble sandsLorms are unleashed and Lhe sun ls
shrouded ln dusL lor an enLlre week Lhere are earLhquakes ?ou cannoL go away wlLhouL dolng
someLhlng abouL uhundhu
CreaL sage replled vrlhadashva l have glven up my weapons lL would be mosL lmproper for
me Lo Lake Lhem up once agaln As for uhundhu Lake my son kuvalashva wlLh you l am sure
LhaL he wlll vanqulsh Lhe demon kuvalashva and hls LwenLyone Lhousand broLhers accompanled
uLanka 1hey came Lo Lhe shores
of Lhe ocean and sLarLed Lo dlg up Lhe sand ln Lhelr search for uhundhu When Lhe demon goL Lo
know abouL Lhls he unleashed a Lerrlble sLorm 1ldal waves raged llames llcked wlLh Longues of
flre uhundhu's soldlers aLLacked kuvalashva and hls broLhers All Lhe broLhers excepL Lhree were
kllled
8uL uhundhu had noL reckoned wlLh kuvalashva 1he sLorm Lhe waves and Lhe flre could do
kuvalashva no harm Pe kllled Lhe demon and Lhus acqulred Lhe name of uhundhumara 1he
sage uLanka blessed hlm
18lSPAnku
lurLher down Lhe llne Lhere was a klng named 1rayaruna Pls son was SaLyavraLa SaLyavraLa
was exceedlngly sLrong 8uL such was hls deslre for rlches LhaL he commlLLed many slns Pls
faLher 1rayaruna Lherefore declded Lo banlsh hlm 1rayaruna's chlef prlesL was vashlshLha and
Lhe sage also supporLed Lhe klng's declslon
Co away 1rayaruna Lold hls son l do noL wlsh Lo have a son who ls llke you
WhaL wlll l do and where wlll l llve? asked SaLyavraLa
Co and llve wlLh Lhe chandalas (ouLcasLs) hls faLher replled
SaLyabraLa wenL and sLarLed Lo llve wlLh Lhe ouLcasLs ln due course 1rayaruna reLlred Lo Lhe
foresL and Lhere was no klng Lo rule over Lhe klngdom ln Lhe absence of a klng anarchy
prevalled lor Lwelve long years lL dld noL raln and Lhere was a Lerrlble droughL lamlne raged
AL Lhe Llme Lhe sage vlshvamlLra had gone away Lo Lhe shores of Lhe greaL ocean Lo medlLaLe
1he sage's wlfe found lL dlfflculL Lo make boLh ends meeL 1here was no food Lo be had She had
no opLlon buL Lo sell off one of her sons ln exchange for a hundred head of caLLle WlLh Lhls
wealLh she proposed Lo feed herself and her remalnlng sons 1he person Lo whom Lhe son was
sold Lled a rope around Lhe son's neck (gala) and proceeded Lo drag hlm away from Lhe markeLplace
1he son Lhus came Lo acqulre Lhe name of Calava
SaLyavraLa dlscovered whaL was happenlng Pe rescued Calava and he also made arrangemenLs
Lo ensure LhaL vlshvamlLra's wlfe and sons dld noL suffer ln Lhe sage's absence 1he enLlre famlly
was looked afLer by SaLyavraLa SaLyavraLa kllled deer and oLher wlld anlmals ln Lhe foresL Pe
broughL Lhe meaL Lo Calava's famlly Pe also Lended Lo hls faLher who had reLlred Lo Lhe foresL
Cne one parLlcular day Lhere was no game Lo be had 1he sage vashlshLha possessed a cow
SaLyavraLa was noL aL all enamoured of vashlshLha 1he sage had afLer all recommended LhaL
1rayaruna banlsh hls son SaLyavraLa Lherefore sLole vashlshLha's cow and slew lL Pe aLe Lhe
meaL hlmself and also fed parL of lL Lo vlshvamlLra's famlly
vashlshLha was furlous Lo learn Lhls Pe cursed SaLyavraLa ?ou have commlLLed Lhree slns
(shanku) he sald ?ou have sLolen LhaL whlch belonged Lo oLhers 1haL ls your flrsL sln ?ou have
caused unhapplness Lo yur faLher 1haL ls your second sln And you have sLolen and kllled
my cow 1haL ls your Lhlrd sln Slnce you have commlLLed Lhree (Lrl) slns l curse you LhaL
henceforLh you wlll be known as 1rlshanku
AfLer Lhe Lwelve years of droughL were over vlshvamlLra reLurned from hls wanderlngs and was
dellghLed Lo learn LhaL 1rlshanku had Laken care of hls famlly ln hls absence uesplLe
vashlshLha's opposlLlon vlshvamlLra arranged for 1rlshanku's coronaLlon As a sage
vlshvamlLra had acqulred greaL powers Pe used Lhese powers Lo send 1rlshanku Lo heaven ln hls
morLal body 1hls was such a wonderful acL LhaL everyone marvelled aL lL
SACA8A
lrom 1rlshanku was descended a klng named vahu vahu was so addlcLed Lo maLerlal pursulLs
LhaL he pald no aLLenLlon Lo rullng hls klngdom properly vahu's enemles selzed Lhe opporLunlLy
Lo defeaL hlm and deprlve hlm of hls klngdom vahu and hls wlfe fled Lo Lhe foresL Chlef among
Lhese enemles were Lhe Palhayas 8uL Lhey were alded by Lhe 1ala[anghas Lhe Shakas Lhe
?avanas Lhe aradas Lhe kambo[as and Lhe ahlavas
vahu was old when Lhls happened Moreover he was so grlefsLrlcken aL havlng losL hls
klngdom LhaL he had losL all deslre Lo llve Pe dled ln Lhe foresL
klng vahu had Lwo wlves Cne of Lhese was named ?adavl 1he second wlfe was [ealous of
?adavl and aLLempLed Lo klll her by admlnlsLerlng some polson 1he polson however dld ?adavl
no harm When vahu dled ?adavl declded Lo lmmolaLe herself on her husband's funeral pyre
8uL Lhe sage Curva lnLervened
lease do noL do LhaL he requesLed ?adavl ?ou are expecLlng and Lhe acL of kllllng Lhe
unborn baby would be a crlme Llve and leL hlm llve lor he wlll rule well and wlll defeaL hls
faLher's enemles
ersuaded by Curva ?adavl dld noL klll herself She began Lo llve ln Lhe sage's hermlLage ln
due course she gave blrLh Lo a beauLlful boy When Lhe baby was born Lhe polson (gara) also
emerged Slnce Lhe word sa means LogeLher wlLh Lhe boy was glven Lhe name of Sagara
Curva Look greaL lnLeresL ln Sagara's upbrlnglng and educaLlon Pe LaughL Lhe boy Lhe vedas and
Lhe arL of flghLlng 1here was dlvlne weapon known as agneyasLra Sagara also learnL how Lo use
Lhls wonderful weapon from Curva
When Sagara grew up he declded Lo Lackle hls faLher's enemles 1he knowledge of Lhe dlvlne
weapon had made hlm close Lo lnvlnclble Pe defeaLed Lhe Palhayas Lhe Shakas Lhe ?avanas
Lhe kambo[as Lhe arada and Lhe ahlavas 8uL when he LhreaLened Lo klll Lhem all Lhese
enemles soughL refuge wlLh Lhe sage vashlshLha 1he sage asked Sagara Lo spare Lhem and saved
Lhelr llves 8uL Lhey had Lo be glven some sorL of punlshmenL Sagara decreed LhaL Lhe Shakas
would have half of Lhelr heads shaved off As for Lhe ?avanas and Lhe kambo[as Lhelr heads
were compleLely shaved off 1he aradas were lnsLrucLed LhaL Lhey would have Lo sporL long halr
and Lhe ahlavas were forbldden Lo shave Lhelr beards klng Sagara Lhus conquered Lhls enemles and
became Lhe ruler of Lhe enLlre world Pe declded Lo
perform a horse sacrlflce Lo celebraLe hls vlcLory
Sagara had Lwo wlves 1hey were named keshlnl and SumaLl Sagara dld noL have any sons and
hls wlves pleases Curva wlLh Lhelr prayers Curva granLed Lhem boons LhaL Lhey would have sons
1he sLlpulaLlon however was LhaL one wlfe would glve blrLh Lo a slngle son who would ensure
LhaL Lhe llne wenL on 8uL Lhe oLher wlfe would have slxLy Lhousand sons who would perlsh
before havlng any chlldren of Lhelr own
keshlnl deslred Lhe slngle son and accordlngly gave blrLh Lo Asaman[a SumaLl gave blrLh Lo a
gourd 1he gourd was reserved ln a vaL of clarlfed buLLer AfLer nlne monLhs had passed slxLy
Lhousand sons came ouL of Lhe gourd
Sagara's sons prospered When a horse sacrlflce ls performed a horse ls lefL free Lo wander
where lL wllls AL Lhe Llme when Sagara organlzed Lhe horse sacrlflce he appolnLed hls sons Lo
look afLer Lhe horse 1hese sons lnsulLed Lhe sage kaplla and were burnL lnLo ashes
1PL LunA8 LlnL
Chandra or Soma was Lh son of Lhe sage ALrl ALrl was a very powerful sage Pe was always
busy medlLaLlng lor Lhree Lhousand years he performed Lapasya wlLh hls arms ralsed up lnLo Lhe
alr Pe sLood Lhere lmmoblle llke a LreeLrunk As a resulL of Lhls wonderful Lapasya energy
lssued ouL of hls body 1he goddesses who preslde over Lhe Len dlrecLlons asslmllaLed Lhls energy
and produced Chandra lL was ln Lhls sense LhaL Chandra was Lhe sage ALrl's son
8rahma gave Chandra a dlvlne charloL Lo rlde on 1hls charloL was drawn by one Lhousand whlLe
horses Chandra ascended Lhe charloL and rode around Lhe earLh LwenLyone Llmes Whlle he was
dolng so some energy from hls body fell down on Lhe earLh 1hls was Lhe orlgln of Lhe herbs
8rahma appolnLed Chandra ruler over herbs seeds brahmanas and Lhe waLer
Chandra performed a royal sacrlflce (ra[asuya ya[na) 1he success of Lhls ceremony however
served Lo Lurn Chandra's head 1he precepLor of Lhe gods was 8rlhaspaLl and 8rlhaspaLl's wlfe
was named 1ara AlLhough Chandra had already been marrled Lo LwenLyseven of uaksha's
daughLers he abducLed 1ara 1he gods and Lhe sages requesLed Chandra Lo reLurn 1ara buL he
would noL llsLen A Lerrlble flghL Lhen raged beLween Lhe gods and Lhe demons Lhe gods flghLlng
on 8rlhaspaLl's slde and Lhe demons on Chandra's AfLer 1ara's name Lhls samgrama (war)
llnally 8rahma lnLervened and sorLed Lhe maLLer ouL Chandra reLurned 1ara Lo 8rlhaspaLl
8uL Chandra and 1ara had a son named 8udha ?ou wlll remember lla valvasvaLa Manu's
daughLer 8udha marrled lla and Lhelr son was called ururava ururava was Lhe orlglnaLor of
Lhe lunar llne
u8u8AvA Anu u8vASPl
ururava was a good klng who performed many ya[nas Pe ruled Lhe earLh well urvashl was a
beauLlful apsara ururava meL urvashl and fell ln love wlLh her lease marry me he requesLed
l wlll replled urvashl 8uL Lhere ls a condlLlon l love Lhese Lwo sheep and Lhey wlll always
have Lo sLay by bedslde lf l ever lose Lhem l wlll remaln your wlfe no longer and wlll reLurn Lo
heaven Moreover l shall llve only on clarlfled buLLer
ururava agreed Lo Lhese raLher sLrange condlLlons and Lhe Lwo were marrled 1hey llved happlly
for slxLyfour years
8uL Lhe gandharvas who were ln heaven felL despondenL Peaven seemed Lo be a dlsmal place ln
urvashl's absence 1hey Lherefore haLched a consplracy Lo geL her back Cn an approprlaLe
occaslon a gandharva named vlshvavasu sLole Lhe Lwo sheep As soon as Lhls happened urvashl
vanlshed and reLurned Lo heaven
ururava pursued vlshvavasu and managed Lo reLrleve Lhe sheep buL by Lhen urvashl ahd
dlsappeared 1he mlserable klng searched LhroughouL Lhe world for her 8uL ln valn LvenLually
ururava came across urvashl near a pond ln kuruksheLra
Why have you forsaken me? asked ururava ?ou are my wlfe Come and llve wlLh me
l was your wlfe replled urvashl l no longer am slnce Lhe condlLlon was vlolaLed Powever l
agree Lo spend a day wlLh you
When one year had passed urvashl reLurned Lo ururava and presenLed hlm wlLh Lhe son she had
borne hlm She spenL a day wlLh hlm and vanlshed agaln 1hls happened several Llmes and ln
Lhls fashlon urvashl bore ururava slx sons 1hey were named Ayu Amavasu vlshvayu
ShaLayu CaLayu and urldayu
?A?A1l
ln Lhe lunar llne Lhere was a klng named nahusha Pe had slx sons and Lhe youngesL was named
?ayaLl AfLer nahusha ?ayaLl became klng ?ayaLl had Lwo wlves Shukracharya was Lhe
precepLor of Lhe gods and ?ayaLl marrled uevayanl Shukracharya's daughLer 1he klng of Lhe
danavas was vrlshaparva and he had a daughLer named SharmlshLha ?ayaLl also marrled
SharmlshLha uevayanl gave blrLh Lo ?adu and 1urvasu and SharmlshLha gave blrLh Lo uruhya
Anu and uru
?ayaLl loved SharmlshLha more Shukracharya Lherefore cursed ?ayaLl LhaL he would suffer from
Lhe unLlmely onseL of old age When Lhls happened ?ayaLl was mlserable Pe was sLlll noL
conLenL wlLh whaL he had savoured of Lhe pleasures of llfe
Pe Lold hls son ?adu lease Lake my old age and glve me your youLh ln reLurn l wlll reLurn
your youLh Lo you when l have flnlshed pleasurlng Lhe [oys of Lhe world
1haL l wlll noL replled ?adu ?our old age ls due Lo your own slns Why on earLh should l
accepL lL? lease ask my broLhers lnsLead 1hese words angered ?ayaLl and he curses ?adu LhaL ?adu or
hls descendanLs would never be
klngs ?ayaL nexL asked 1urvasu buL agaln meL wlLh a refusal A slmllar curse was Lherefore
lmposed on 1urvasu and on uruhya and Anu afLer hlm 1he only son who readlly accepLed
?ayaLl's requesLed was uru
?ayaLl blessed uru and Look hls youLh from hlm Armed wlLh Lhls borrowed youLh ?ayaLl
savoured Lhe pleasures of Lhe world and also performed many ya[nas When a Lhousand years had
Lhus passed ?ayaLl goL Llred of maLerlal pursulLs Pe reLurned uru's youLh and goL back hls own
old age ?ayaLl reLlred Lo Lhe foresL afLer havlng crowned uru Lhe klng
As for ?adu he was glven some mlnor klngdoms LhaL lay Lo Lhe wesL ln slmllar fashlon 1urvasu
was glven some klngdoms Lowards Lhe souLheasL uruhya and Anu recelved klngdoms LhaL lay
Lowards Lhe wesL as had ?adu 1he descendanLs of ?adu were known as Lhe ?adavas ln Lhls llne
was born krlshna Also ln Lhls llne was born karLavlrya Ar[una
kA81Avl8?A A8!unA
1here used Lo be a klng named krlLavlrya and krlLavlrya's son was known as karLavlrya Ar[una
Ar[una performed Lapasya for Lhousands and Lhousands of years 1hrough Lhls medlLaLlon he
pleased Lhe sage uaLLaLreya and obLalned four wonderful boons from Lhe sage 1he flrsL boon
gave Ar[una a Lhousand arms 1he second boon gave hlm Lhe power Lo use hls persuaslon Lo
brlng back evll people Lo Lhe rlghLeous paLh 1he Lhlrd boon was LhaL he would conquer Lhe enLlre
earLh and rule lL accordlng Lo Lhe dlcLaLes of rlghLeousness 1he fourLh and flnal boon was LhaL
Ar[una would meeL hls end aL Lhe hands of an lndlvldual who was ln very way hls superlor
Pavlng obLalned Lhese boons Ar[una conquered Lhe whole earLh and ruled lL well Pe performed
Len Lhousand wonderful ya[nas 1he gods Lhe sages Lhe gandharvas and Lhe apsaras always
aLLended Lhese ceremonles Pe ruled for elghLyseven Lhousand years Cne of Ar[una's amazlng
deeds was hls defeaL and capLure of 8avana Lhe klng of Lanka
1he sungod Surya once came Lo vlslL Ar[una ln Lhe dlsgulse of a brahmana l am hungry
sald Surya lease glve me some food Lo eaL l wlll reward you well l am Surya
WhaL sorL of food wlll please you? asked Ar[una WhaL wlll l brlng? l wanL Lo eaL up all Lhe
maLerlal ob[ecLs LhaL Lhere are on earLh replled Surya lease burn Lhem up so LhaL l may eaL
my flll Pow do you expecL me Lo burn up all Lhese ob[ecLs? asked Ar[una l am only a
human and have very llmlLed powers Surya Lhen gave Ar[una many dlvlne arrows and a
wonderful qulver Lo keep Lhese arrows ln 1hese arrows had Lhe properLy LhaL Lhey bursL lnLo
flames as soon as Lhey were shoL WlLh Lhese arrows Ar[una burnL up everyLhlng and Surya aLe
hls flll PermlLages vlllages clLles and foresLs burned varuna was Lhe god of Lhe oceans and
varuna had a son named Ashvlna 1hls son performed a loL of Lapasya and became a sage named
vashlshLha or Apava
vashlshLha performed Lapasya under Lhe waLer for Len Lhousand years When he flnlshed hls
medlLaLlons and reLurned Lo hls hermlLage he found LhaL Lhe enLlre place had been burnL up by
Ar[una vashlshLha was greaLly lncensed Slnce you have noL spared my hermlLage l curse you sald
vashlshLha no one who bears your name wlll ever agaln become a klng 1here wlll
be a andava named Ar[una Lhe son of kunLl 8uL he wlll noL be a klng slmply because he wlll
bear your name l also curse you LhaL you wlll be kllled by arashurama Ar[una was evenLually
kllled by arashurama
1PL CCuS Anu 1PL uLMCnS
1he gods and Lhe demons dld noL llke each oLher and foughL several wars wlLh each oLher 1here
were Lwelve such Lerrlble wars Cn one parLlcular occaslon Lhe demons were defeaLed by Lhe
gods LxLremely dlshearLened Lhey wenL Lo vlslL Lhelr precepLor Shukracharya (son of sage
8hrlgu) 1he demons Lold Shukracharya We have been defeaLed by Lhe gods We have no
opLlon buL Lo go and reslde ln Lhe underworld uon'L be so dlsconsolaLe replled
Shukraacharya l wlll proLecL you l know LhaL 8rlhaspaLl Lhe precepLor of Lhe gods has
obLalned wonderful powers by praylng Lo Lhe flregod Agnl 1he gods Lhrlve on Lhese powers l
wlll pray Lo Shlva and obLaln powers LhaL can counLeracL Lhese 1lll l come back please be
paLlenL Why don'L you glve up arms and llve as hermlLs Llll l reLurn? 1he demons agreed Lo Lhls
proposlLlon
1hey lnformed Lhe gods LhaL Lhey had glven up arms and LhaL Lhe gods could do as Lhey wllled
1hey had become hermlLs and would noL flghL Meanwhlle Shukracharya sLarLed Lo pray Lo
Shlva Shlva appeared before Shukracharya and dlscovered whaL Lhe sage deslred Shlva was
prepared Lo granL Lhese powers sub[ecL Lo a condlLlon belng meL Shukracharya would have Lo
medlLaLe for a Lhousand years And LhroughouL Lhls perlod he would noL be allowed Lo speak and
would have Lo llve on smoke Shukracharya began Lhls process of medlLaLlon 1he gods goL Lo
know whaL was happenlng and declded LhaL Lhls was Lhe opporLune Llme Lo aLLack Lhe demons
WhaL are you dolng? sald Lhe demons We have glven up arms 1hls ls noL Lhe Llme Lo flghL
8uL Lhe gods would noL llsLen 1he demons Lherefore fled Lo 8hrlgu's wlfe and asked her Lo
proLecL Lhem 1hrough her powers Lhe salnLly woman compleLely paralysed lndra so LhaL he
could noL move AL Lhe slghL of whaL had happened Lo Lhelr leader Lhe gods fled ln dlsarray
Why are you runnlng away? asked vlshnu As for you lndra enLer my body l wlll Lake you
away from Lhls place
lndra enLered vlshnu's body and vlshnu proceeded Lo Lake hlm away 1hls angered 8hrlgu's
wlfe and she LhreaLened Lo burn up boLh lndra and vlshnu 8uL before Lhls could happen vlshnu
sllced off Lhe lady's head wlLh hls sudarshana chakra (a bladeddlscus)
8hrlgu was aghasL aL Lhls acL kllllng a woman ls a sln he Lold vlshnu ?ou have commlLLed
a crlme lor Lhls crlme l curse you LhaL you wlll have Lo be born several Llmes on earLh As for
my wlfe Lhrough my powers l wlll resurrecL her
1hls ls whaL 8hrlgu dld and Lhls acL Lerrlfled lndra Pe goL exLremely worrled LhaL once
Shukracharya reLurned Lhere would be no way of conLrolllng Lhe demons lndra had a daughLer
named !ayanLl Pe Lold her Shukracharya ls medlLaLlng lease go and Lry Lo dlsLracL hlm Make
sure LhaL hls medlLaLlon ls noL successfully compleLed !ayanLl dld as her faLher had asked her Lo She
sLarLed Lo frequenL Shukracharya's hermlLage and
served hlm falLhfully ln due course Shukracharya's medlLaLlon was compleLed and he obLalned
Lhe deslred boon from Shlva Cnce Lhls Lask was accompllshed Shukracharya noLlced !ayanLl
Who are you and whaL are you dolng here? he asked Why have you been servlng me Lhus? ln
any case l am pleased wlLh whaL you have done for me lease Lell me whaL boon you deslre
8e my husband for Len years answered !ayanLl Shukracharya agreed Shukracharya and !anaLl
had a daughLer named uevayanl
Meanwhlle 8rlhaspaLl adopLed Shukracharya's form and sLarLed Lo llve wlLh Lhe demons 1he
demons were naLurally glad Lo have Lhelr Leacher back 1hey dld noL reallze LhaL Lhe person
whom Lhey Look Lo be Lhelr Leacher was acLually 8rlhaspaLl AfLer Lhe Len years were over
Shukracharya reLurned and found LhaL Lhe demons were followlng 8rlhaspaLl
Who ls Lhls person whom you are followlng? he asked Clve hlm up l am Lhe real
Shukracharya
noL aL all reLorLed 8rlhaspaLl l am Lhe real Shukracharya
1he demons dld noL know whaL Lo make of Lhls 1he Lwo looked exacLly allke and Lhere was
absoluLely no way of Lelllng Lhem aparL LvenLually Lhey concluded LhaL Lhe person wlLh whom
Lhey had been assoclaLlng for Lhe pasL Len years musL be Lhelr real guru (Leacher) 1hls cholce so
angered Shukracharya LhaL he lefL ln a huff When Lhe demons reallzed Lhelr mlsLake Lhey soughL
Lo paclfy Shukracharya and brlng hlm back 8uL Lhe harm had already been done 1he demons
could noL explolL Lhe powers LhaL Shukracharya had galned
vlSPnu'S lnCA8nA1lCnS
8ecause of 8hrlgu's curse vlshnu had Lo be born several Llmes on earLh 1hese are known as
avaLaras (lncarnaLlons) 1he vayu urana now caLalogues vlshnu's Len lncarnaLlons 1hese are as
follows (1) MaLsya or flsh (2) naraslmha or halfman and halfllon (3) vamana or dwarf (4)
uaLLaLreya Lhe sage (3) 8havya (6) arashurama (7) 8ama (8) vedavyasa (9) krlshna (10)
kalkl
LlLCCuL
Lomaharshana flnlshed hls reclLal of Lhe vayu urana and Lold Lhe assembled sages ?ou are
lndeed lucky ?ou have heard LhaL whlch ls mosL sacred 1hls holy acL wlll undoublLedly Lake
you sLralghL Lo heaven A person who llsLens Lo a reclLal of Lhls sacred LexL ls rewarded wlLh
wealLh healLh and a long llfe All Lhe slns LhaL a llsLener may have commlLLed are forglven uo
you know how Lhe knowledge of Lhls urana was passed down Lhrough Lhe ages? lL passed from
vayu Lo ushana from ushana Lo 8rlhaspaLl from 8rlhaspaLl Lo SavlLa from SavlLa Lo MrlLyu
from MrlLyu Lo lndra from lndra Lo vashlshLha from vashlshLha Lo SarasvaLa from SarasvaLa Lo
1rldhama from 1rldhama Lo uhanan[aya from uhanan[aya Lo krlLan[aya from krlLan[aya Lo
1rlnan[aya from 1rlnan[aya Lo 8haradva[a from 8haradva[a Lo CouLama from CouLama Lo nlryanLara
from nlryanLara Lo va[ashrava from va[ashrava Lo Somashushma from
Somashushma Lo 1rlnavlndu from 1rlnavlndu Lo uaksha from uaksha Lo ShakLrl from ShakLrl
Lo arashara from arashara Lo !aLukarna and from !aLukarna Lo vedavyasa l learnL Lhe urana
from Lhe greaL vedavyasa hlmself 1hls ls a llneage of sages LhaL ls Lruly sacred
Pome
1he 8havlshya urana
1he 8havlshya urana ls Lhe elevenLh among Lhe uranas and lL conLalns flve parLs 1he
flrsL parL conLalns a descrlpLlon of Lhe genesls greaLness of Lhe delLles and worshlp of
Lord vlshnu Shlva and Surya Second Lhlrd and fourLh parLs descrlbe abouL Lhe
greaLness of Shlva vlshnu and Surya respecLlvely
lL glves very accuraLe forecasLs abouL Adam and Lve noahs Ark Lhe fall of SanskrlL
and comlng of oLher languages abouL Lhe comlng of 8uddha Madhavacharya
ChandragupLa Ashoka !ayadeva and krlshna ChalLanya and abouL kuLubuddln
Lhe Shaws rullng uelhl
1he flfLh parL conLalns a descrlpLlon of Lhe heaven Llke oLher uranas 8havlshya urana
also conLalns a descrlpLlon of Lhe anclenL klngs and Chandra and Surya dynasLles
lnLeresLlngly 8havlshya urana conLalns a descrlpLlon of a game LhaL resembles modern
chess Lo a greaL exLenL ln all Lhe sub[ecL maLLer of 8havlshya urana seems Lo be an
aLLempL Lo prove and esLabllsh Lhe supremacy of 8rahma
1he 8havlshya urana ls an anclenL LexL auLhored by Srl veda vyasa Munl Lhe compller
of Lhe vedlc LexLs lL ls llsLed among Lhe elghLeen ma[or uranas 8havlshya means
fuLure and urana means hlsLory so Lhe LexLs name would LranslaLe llLerally as 1he
PlsLory of Lhe luLure 1hough Lhe LexL was wrlLLen many Lhousands of years before Lhe
recorded evenLs Look place by Lhe power of hls mysLlc vlslon Srl vyasa was able Lo
accuraLely predlcL Lhe happenlngs of Lhe modern Llmes Cne of Lhe LexLs poeLlc sLyles ls Lo
presenL Lhe evenLs as Lhough Lhey have already happened 1hls ls a common pracLlce ln
SanskrlL poeLry and does noL lndlcaLe LhaL Lhe book was wrlLLen ln modern Llmes
Modern wesLernlsed scholars who keep coolng abouL Lhe forecasLs of nosLradamus
re[ecL Lhe conLenLs of 8havlshya urana mosLly on Lhe grounds LhaL lLs lnformaLlon ls Loo
accuraLe 8uL we should ask ourselves lf Lhere was an empowered salnL who knew pasL
presenL and fuLure and lf he chose Lo wrlLe a book named Lhe PlsLory of Lhe luLure
shouldnL lL conLaln accuraLe lnformaLlon abouL Lhe modern Llmes as Lhe LlLle suggesLs?
We cannoL dlsquallfy lL slmply because lL speaks accuraLely of Lhe 8rlLlsh conLrolllng lndla
PlLler flghLlng Lhe world and Max Mueller mlsrepresenLlng Lhe vedlc Leachlngs veda
means knowledge and Lhe vedlc LexLs conLaln knowledge of everyLhlng pasL presenL
and fuLure
1hls urana conslsLs of 7 chapLers We are glvlng glvlng bellow some of Lhe avallable
LranslaLlons
111 8lbllcal and Modern PlsLory
lrom Lhe raLlsarga arva ChapLers lour Lo Seven
SuLa Coswaml sald Cnce upon a Llme ln PasLlnapura radyoLa Lhe son of kshemaka
was leadlng an assembly and meanwhlle Lhe greaL sage narada arrlved Lhere klng
radyoLa happlly honored hlm Pavlng hlm seaLed on Lhe seaL Lhe sage Lold klng radyoLa ?our faLher
was kllled by Lhe mlecchas Lherefore he aLLalned ?amaloka or Lhe
helllsh planeL lf you perform a mlecchaya[na' Lhen by Lhe effecL of Lhls sacrlflce your
faLher wlll aLLaln Lhe heavenly planeLs
Pearlng Lhls klng radyoLa lmmedlaLely called Lhe besL of Lhe learned 8rahmanas and
sLarLed mlecchaya[na' ln kurukseLra 1hey bullL a ya[nakunda whlch was 16 yo[anas ln
square (128 mlles) 1hey medlLaLed on Lhe demlgods and offered oblaLlons of mlecchas
1here are haras hunas barvaras gurundas sakas khasas yavanas pallavas roma[as
and Lhose who are slLuaLed ln dlfferenL dvlpas and ln kamaru chlna and Lhe mlddle of Lhe
ocean all of Lhem were called wlLh Lhe manLra and burnL Lo ashes 1hen he (Lhe klng)
gave dakshlna (donaLlon) Lo Lhe brahmanas and performed abhlseka As a resulL hls
faLher kshemaka wenL Lo Lhe heavenly planeLs AfLer LhaL he became famous everywhere
as a mlecchahanLa or desLroyer of mlecchas Pe ruled Lhe earLh for Len Lhousand years
and wenL Lo heaven Pe had a son named vedavan who ruled for Lwo Lhousand years
AL LhaL Llme Lhe kall purusha prayed Lo Lord narayana along wlLh hls wlfe AfLer someLlme
Lhe Lord apperared Lo hlm and sald 1hls age wlll be a good Llme for you l wlll fulfll your
deslre havlng varlous klnds of forms 1here ls a couple named Adama and hls wlfe
PavyavaLl 1hey are born from vlshnukardama and wlll lncrease Lhe generaLlons of
mlecchas Saylng Lhls Lhe Lord dlsappeared Pavlng greaL [oy Lhe kall purusha wenL Lo
nllacha
vyasa sald now you hear Lhe fuLure sLory narraLed by SuLa Coswaml 1hls ls Lhe full
sLory of of kallyuga hearlng Lhls you wlll become saLlsfled
ln Lhe easLern slde of radan clLy where Lhere ls a a blg Codglven foresL whlch ls 16
square yo[anas ln slze 1he man named Adama was sLaylng Lhere under a apavrlksha
or a slnful Lree and was eager Lo see hls wlfe PavyavaLl 1he kall purusha qulckly came
Lhere assumlng Lhe form of a serpenL Pe cheaLed Lhem and Lhey dlsobeyed Lord vlshnu
1he husband aLe Lhe forbldden frulL of Lhe slnful Lree 1hey llved by eaLlng alr wlLh Lhe
leaves called udumbara AfLer Lhey had sons and all of Lhem became mlecchas Adamas
duraLlon of llfe was nlnehundred and LhlrLy years Pe offered oblaLlons wlLh frulLs and
wenL Lo heaven wlLh hls wlfe Pls son was named SveLanama and he llved nlnehundred
and Lwelve years SveLanamas son was AnuLa who rulled onehundred years less Lhan
hls faLher Pls son klnasa rulled as much as hls grandfaLher Pls son Malahalla ruled
elghLhundred nlneLy flve years Pls son vlrada rulled 160 years Pls son Pamuka was
devoLed Lo Lord vlshnu and offerlng oblaLlons of frulLs he achleved salvaLlon Pe ruled
363 years and wenL Lo heaven wlLh Lhe same body belng engaged ln mlecchadharma
Pavlng good behavlor wlsdom quallLles llke a brahmana and worshlp of Cod Lhese
Lhlngs are called mlecchadharma 1he greaL souls have declared LhaL Lhe dharma of Lhe
mleccha ls devoLlon Lo Cod worshlp of flre nonvlolence ausLerlLy and conLrol of Lhe
senses 1he son of Pamuka was MaLocchlla Pe ruled for 970 years Pls son Lomaka
ruled 777 years and wenL Lo heaven Pls son nyuha (noah) ruled for 300 years Pe had
Lhree sons named Slma Sama and 8hava nyuha was a devoLee of Lord vlshnu
Cnce Lhe Lord appeared ln hls dream and sald My dear nyuha please llsLen Lhere wlll
be devasLaLlon on Lhe sevenLh day 1herefore you have Lo be very qulck LhaL you make a
blg boaL and rlde ln lL C chlef of Lhe devoLees you wlll be celebraLed as a greaL klng
1hen he made a sLrong boaL whlch was 300 feeL long 30 feeL wlde and 30 feeL hlgh (ln Lhe 8lble Lhe Ark
ls descrlbed as lLs lengLh was 300 cublLs lLs wldLh was 30 cublLs lL
had Lhree sLorles and lLs helghL was 30 cublLs) lL was beauLlful and all Lhe llvlng enLlLles
could Lake shelLer ln lL Pe Lhen hlmself rode ln lL engaged ln medlLaLlng on Lord vlshnu
Lord lndra called Lhe devasLaLlng cloud named SambarLaka and poured heavy raln
conLlnuously for 40 days 1he whole earLh 8haraLvarsa had merged ln Lhe waLer and
four oceans came up LogeLher Cnly vlsala or 8adarlkasrama was noL submerged 1here
were 80000 greaL LranscendenLallsLs ln vlsala who [olned wlLh klng nyuha and hls famlly
All of Lhem were saved and everyLhlng else was desLroyed
AL LhaL Llme all Lhe sages pralsed Lhe eLernal energy of Lord vlshnu 8elng pleased by Lhe
prayers of Lhe sages Lhe vlshnumaya reduced Lhe waLers of devasLaLlon AfLer one year
gradually Lhe earLh become vlslble under Lhe hlll Lhere ls a place named Slslna and Lhe
klng was slLuaLed ln LhaL place wlLh hls oLher people When Lhe waLer compleLely drled up
klng nyuha came back Lo hls place
SuLa Coswaml conLlnued 1he mleccha klng nyuha became aLLached Lo Lord vlshnu and
as a resulL Lord vlshnu lncreased hls generaLlon 1hen he creaLed a language flL for Lhe
mlecchas unfavorable Lo Lhe vedas Pe named lL as brahmlbhasha or brahml language
full of bad words for lncreaslng Lhe degradaLlon of kallyuga 1he Lord who ls Plmself Lhe
masLer of lnLelllgence gave Lhls language Lo nyuha nyuha named hls Lree sons opposlLe
1hey were known as Slma Pama ?akuLa and also ?akuLa SapLa puLra !umara and
Ma[uya 1he name of Lhelr counLrles were known as Madl ?unana SLuvaloma 1asa and
1lrasa
Pama who was Lhe second son of hls faLher had four sons know as kusa Mlsra ku[a
and kanaam kusa had slx sons Pavlla Sarva 1oragama SavaLlka nlmaruhal and
Mahavala 1helr sons were known as kamala Slnara and uraka And Lhelr counLrles
names are Akvada 8avuna and 8asana
AfLer Lelllng Lhls sLory SuLa Coswaml lnfluenced by ?oganldra enLered mysLlc slumber
Pe woke up afLer Lwo Lhousand years and Lhereupon he sald now l'm golng Lo say abouL
Lhe generaLlon of Slma 8ecause he was Lhe flrsL son of hls faLher he became Lhe klng
1hls mleccha klng ruled over Lhe counLry for 300 years Pls son Arkansoda ruled for 434
years Pls son Slhla ruled for 460 years Pls son lraLasya ruled Lhe same lengLh as hls
faLher Pls son haLa[a ruled for 240 years Pls son 8au ruled for 237 years Pls son !u[a
ruled Lhe same lengLh as hls faLher Pls son nahura ruled for 160 years and he desLroyed
hls many lnlmlcal klngs Pls son 1ahara ruled Lhe same lengLh as hls faLher Pe had Lhree
sons Avlrama nahura and Parana 1hus l have explalned Lhe generaLlon of mlecchas
wlLh Lhe lndlcaLlon of Lhelr names only 1he mleccha language ls consldered Lhe lowesL
language because lL bears Lhe curse of goddess SarasvaLl 1hus l have summarlly
narraLed Lhe rlse of Lhe mlecchas ln kallyuga
SanskrL ls Lhe language by whlch Lhe whole 8haraLavarsa ls belng pralsed and glorlfled
1he same language afLer golng Lo anoLher counLry became Lhe mleccha language and
mlecchas Look advanLage of lL
AfLer hearlng all Lhls Lhe sages slLuaLed ln 8adarlkashrama worshlpped Lord naranarayana and
medlLaLed upon Lhem for 200 years When Lhey woke up from Lhelr
medlLaLlon Lhey lnqulred from Lhelr Leacher SuLa CoswamlC dlsclple of Srl vyasa you are so
forLunaLe and greaLly lnLelllgenL may you llve long
now please Lell us who ls Lhe klng aL Lhe presenL Llme?
SuLa Coswaml sald AL Lhe presenL Llme Lhe kallyuga has already passed lLs 3000
years now Lhe klng Sankha ls rullng Lhe earLh and ln Lhe mleccha counLrles Lhe klng
named SakapaL ls rullng lease hear abouL how Lhey came up
When Lhe kallyuga passed 2000 years Lhe dynasLy of mlecchas lncreased 1hey creaLed
many paLhs Lo grow and gradually Lhe whole earLh become full of mlecchas 1he splrlLual
masLer and Leacher of Lhe mlecchas was named Musa Pe was resldlng on Lhe bank of
Lhe rlver SarasvaLl and he spread hls docLrlnce LhroughouL Lhe whole world As soon as
kallyuga sLarLed Lhe devoLlon Lo Lhe Lord and Lhe language of Lhe vedas were
desLroyed 1here are four klnds of mleccha languages vra[abhasa MaharasLrl ?avanl
and Carundlka ln Lhls way Lhere are four mllllon klnds of oLher languages
lor example panlyam (waLer) ls called panl bubhuksahunger ls called bhukh anlyamdrlnklng ls called
papadl and bho[anameaLlng ls called kakkanam lsLl ls called
suddharava lsLlnl ls called masapavanl ahuLl ls called a[u and dadaLl ls called dadhaLl
1he word plLrl ls called palLara and bhraLa ls baLher and also paLl 1hls ls Lhe yavanl
lanugage ln whlch Lhe asva ls called aspa !anu ls [alnu and sapLaslndhu ls called sapLahlndu
now you hear abouL Curundlka language 8avlvara (Lhe flrsL day of Lhe week) ls called
sunday phalguna and chalLra monLhs are called pharvarl (lebruary) SasLl ls called slxLy
Lhese klnds of examples are Lhere
Crlme ls becomlng promlnenL ln Lhe holy place of SapLapurl Cradually Lhe people of
AryavaLa are becomlng Lhelves hunLers bhlllas and fools 1he followers of mlecchadharma ln forelgn
counLrles are lnLelllgenL and havlng good quallLles whereas Lhe people
of AryavarLa are berefL of good quallLles 1hus Lhe rullng of mlecchas ls also ln 8haraLa
(lndla) and lLs lslands knowlng all Lhls C greaL and lnLelllgenL sage you should [usL
perform Lhe devoLlonal servlce Lo Lord Parl
1he greaL sage Saunaka lnqulred lease Lell us whaL was Lhe reason LhaL Lhe mlecchas
dld noL arrlve ln 8rahmavarLa
SuLa Coswaml sald 1haL was by Lhe lnfluence of goddess SarasvaLl LhaL Lhey could noL
enLer LhaL place 8y Lhe order of Lhe demlgods when Lhe kallyuga pursued hls 1000
years a brahmana named kasyapa come down Lo earLh from Lhe heavenly planeLs wlLh
hls wlfe AryavaLll 1hey had Len spoLless sons who are known by Lhe names
upadhayaya ulkslLa aLhaka Sukla Mlsra AgnlhoLrl uvlvedl 1rlvedl CaLurvedl and
andey Among Lhem was Lhe learned one full of knowledge Pe wenL Lo kashmlr and
worshlpped goddess SarasvaLl wlLh red flowers red akshaLa (rlce) lncense lamps
nalvedya (food offerlngs) and puspan[all (flower offerlngs) 1o please her he pralsed her
wlLh some prayers asklng her for beLLer knowledge of SankrL Lo puL mlecchas lnLo llluslon
8elng pleased by hls prayers she remalnded slLuaLed ln hls mlnd and blessed hlm wlLh
knowledge 1hen Lhe sage wenL Lo Lhe counLry known as Mlsra and puL all Lhe mlecchas
lnLo llluslon by Lhe greace of goddess SarasvaLl
1hen he made 10000 people as dvl[as or Lwlce born brahmanas he made 2000 people
lnLo valshyas and Lhe resL of Lhem as shudras Pe came back wlLh Lhem and sLaylng ln Aryadesha
(lndla) he engaged ln Lhe acLlvlLes of Lhe sages 1hey were known as Aryans
and by Lhe grace of goddess SarasvaLl Lhelr generaLlon gradually lncreased upLo 4 mllllon
boLh Lhe men and women wlLh Lhelr sons and grandsons 1helr klng kasyapa munl ruled
Lhe earLh for 120 years
1here were 8000 sudras ln Lhe counLy known as 8a[puLra (8a[puL) and Lhelr klng was
AryaprlLhu Pls son was Magadha 1he sage made hlm a klng and lefL
Saunaka lnqulred C dlsclple of vyasa C Lomaharsana please Lell us who were Lhe
klngs Lo rule Lhe earLh ln kallyuga afLer Magadha?
SuLa Coswaml sald When klng Magadha Lhe son of kasyapa was rullng Lhe earLh he
remembered hls faLhers admlnlsLraLlon and he separaLed Lhe Aryadesha (lndla) lnLo
many sLaLes 1he sLaLe whlch ls on Lhe easLern slde of ancala ls known as Magadha Lhe
sLaLe of kallnga ls on Lhe easLsouLh slde Lhe sLaLe of AvanLa ls ln Lhe souLh AmarLadesha ls Lo Lhe
souLhwesL Slndhudesha ls on Lhe wesLern slde kalkaya ls Lo Lhe norLhwesL Madradesha ls ln Lhe
norLh and konlndadesha ls Lo Lhe norLheasL 1hese sLaLes
are named accordlng Lo hls sons names AfLer performlng a sacrlflce he gave Lhe sLaLes
Lo hls sons Lord 8alabhadra became pleased wlLh hls sacrlflce and Slsunaga appeared
from Lhe sacrlflce as hls son Pe ruled for 100 years and hls son kakavarma ruled for 90
years Pls son kshemadharma ruled for 80 years and hls son ruled for 70 years Pls son
vedamlsra ruled for 60 years Pls son A[aLanlpu ruled for 30 years Pls son uarbhaka
ruled for 40 years hls son udayasva ruled for 30 years hls son nandavardhana ruled
for 20 years hls son nandasuLa who was born from Lhe womb of a sudrl or a low class
lady also ruled for 20 years Pls son ranancala ruled for 10 years Pls son arananda
also ruled 10 years Pls son Samananda ruled for 20 years Pls son rlyananLa ruled for
20 years hls son uevananda also ruled for 20 years hls son ?a[nabhanga ruled for 10
years Pls son Mauryananda ruled for 10 years And hls son Mahananda fuled for 10
years
AL Lhls Llme Lord Parl was remembered by kall AL LhaL Llme Lhe greaL and famous
CauLama Lhe son of kasyapa lnLroduced Lhe 8uddhlsL rellglon and aLLalned Lord Parl ln
aLLana
CauLama ruled over 10 years lrom hlm Shakya munl was born who ruled 20 years Pls
son Shuddhodana ruled 30 years Pls son Shakyaslmha became Lhe klng on SaLadrl afLer
2000 years and he ruled for 60 years by whlch Llme all Lhe people were 8uddhlsLs 1hls
was Lhe flrsL poslLlon of kallyuga and Lhe vedlc rellglon was desLroyed
lf Lord vlshnu becomes a klng Lhen all Lhe people would follow Plm 1he acLlvlLles of Lhe
world are carrled ouL by Lhe prowess of Lord vlshnu Pe ls Lhe masLer of maya or Lhe
lllusory energy and whoever Lakes shelLer of LhaL Lord Parl Lhough he may be a slnful and
abomlnable person wlll become llberaLed
8uddhaslmha was born from Shakyaslmha and he ruled for only 30 years 8uddhaslmha's son was
ChandragupLa who marrled wlLh a daughLer of Suluva Lhe ?avana klng
of ausasa 1hus he mlxed Lhe 8uddhlsLs and yavanas Pe ruled for 60 years lrom hlm
vlndusara was born and ruled for Lhe same number of years as hls faLher Pls son was
Ashoka AL Lhls Llme Lhe besL of Lhe brahmanas kanyakub[a performed sacrlflce on Lhe
Lop of a mounLaln named Arbuda 8y Lhe lnfluence of vedlc manLras four kshaLrlyas
appeared form Lhe ya[na Among Lhese four ramara was samavedl Chapahanl was ya[urvedl Shukla
was Lrlvedl and arlharaka was Lhe ALharvavedl 1hey were
accusLomed Lo rlde on elephanLs 1hey kepL Ashoka under Lhelr conLrol and annlhllaLed all
Lhe 8uddhlsLs lL ls sald Lhere were 4 mllllon 8uddhlsLs and all of Lhem were kllled by
uncommon weapons AfLer LhaL ramara became klng ln AvanLa and he consLrucLed a
large clLy called AmbavaLl for hls happlness lL was as blg as 4 yo[anas or abouL 32 mlles
1hen SuLa Coswaml sald My dear brahmanas l'm belng lnfluenced by yoganldra
Lherefore please go Lo your respecLlve ashramas and medlLaLe on Lord vlshnu
AfLer Lhe compleLlon of 2000 years SuLa Coswaml sald When Lhe kallyuga had passed
hls 3710 years aL LhaL Llme Lhe klng was ramara who rulled 6 years from hlm
Mahamada was born Pe ruled 3 years and hls son uevapl dld Lhe same Pls son
uevaduLa also dld Lhe same lrom hlm Candharvasena was born who wenL Lo Lhe foresL
afLer rullng for over 30 years and havlng glven hls klngdom Lo hls son Shankha Shankha
ruled for over 30 years Lord lndra senL a heavenly glrl Lo Candharvasena named
vlramaLl A [ewel llke son was born form her womb AL Lhe Llme of hls blrLh Lhere were
flowers ralnlng from Lhe sky many ausplclous lnsLrumenLs were played and Lhe wlnd was
blowlng pleaslngly 1he name of Lhe baby was SlvadrlshLl who laLer lefL for Lhe [ungle
wlLh hls dlsclples AfLer 20 years he became perfecL ln karmayoga When kallyuga
copmleLed 3000 years Lhe Lerrlble sympLoms of kall had appeared 1haL baby Look blrLh
ln Lhe secreL place of kallasa by Lhe benedlcLlon of Lord Shlva Lo desLroy Lhe shakas and
Lo lncrease Lhe Aryadharma or Lhe vedlc relglon Pls faLher Candharvasena named hls
son as vlkramadlLya and become happy 1hls chlld was very lnLelllgenL and very pleaslng
Lo hls parenLs When he was 3 years old he lefL for Lhe foresL Lo perform ausLerlLles and
he conLlnued lL upLo 12 years AfLer 12 years he wenL Lo Lhe holy clLy named AmbavaLl
wlLh all Lhe opulence and accepLed Lhe LranscendenLal Lhrone senL by Lord Shlva lor hls
securlLy goddess arvaLl creaLed a veLala (a klng of ghosLs) and senL lL Lo klng
vlkramadlLya's palace Cnce Lhe powerful klng wenL Lo Lhe Lemple of Lord Shlva named as
Mahakaleshvara who ls Lhe chlef of Lhe devas and who has a bow named lnaka 1here
he worshlpped Lord Shlva ln LhaL place he bullL a rellglous councll hall wlLh Lhe plllars
made of varlous meLals and decoraLed wlLh many klnds of [ewels and covered wlLh so
many planLs and creepers and flowers ln LhaL hall he kepL a celesLlal Lhrone Pe lnvlLed
Lhe foremosL brahmanas who are wellversed ln vedlc knowledge worshlpped Lhem wlLh
proper hosplLallLy and heard many rellglous hlsLorles from Lhem AfLer LhaL one demlgod
named vlLala come Lhere havlng a form of a brahmana Clorlfylng and blesslng Lhe klng
he saL down on Lhe seaL and sald C masLer of Lhls earLhly planeL klng vlkramadlLya lf
you are very eager Lo hear Lhem l wlll descrlbe Lhe sLorles and hlsLorles Lo you
1hus ends Lhe sevenLh chapLer of Lhe raLlsarga arva of Lhe 8havlshya urana
112 1he redlcLlon of lslam
lrom Lhe Lhlrd parL of Lhe raLlsarga arva
Shrl SuLa Cosvaml sald ln Lhe dynasLy of klng Shallvahana Lhere were Len klngs who
wenL Lo Lhe heavenly planeLs afLer rullng for over 300 years 1hen gradually Lhe morallLy
decllned on Lhe earLh AL LhaL Llme 8ho[ara[a was Lhe LenLh of Lhe klngs on Lhe earLh
When he saw LhaL Lhe moral law of conducL was decllnlng he wenL Lo conquer all Lhe
dlrecLlons of hls counLry wlLh LenLhousand soldlers commanded by kalldasa Pe crossed
Lhe rlver Slndhu and conquered over Lhe gandharas mlecchas shakas kasmlrls naravas
and saLhas Pe punlshed Lhem and collecLed a large ammounL of wealLh 1hen Lhe klng wenL along wlLh
Mahamada (Mohammad) Lhe precepLor of mlecchadharma and hls
followers Lo Lhe greaL god Lord Shlva slLuaLed ln Lhe deserL Pe baLhed Lord Shlva wlLh
Canges waLer and worshlpped hlm ln hls mlnd wlLh pancagavya (mllk ghee yoghurL cow
dung and cow urlne) and sandalwood pasLe eLc AfLer he offered some prayers and
pleased hlm
SuLa Coswaml sald AfLer hearlng Lhe klng's prayers Lord Shlva sald C klng 8ho[ara[a
you should go Lo Lhe place called Mahakakshvara LhaL land ls called vahlka and now ls
belng conLamlnaLed by Lhe mlecchas ln LhaL Lerrlble counLry Lhere no longer exlsLs
dharma 1here was a mysLlc demon named 1rlpura whom l have already burnL Lo ashes
he has come agaln by Lhe order of 8all Pe has no orlgln buL he achleved a benedlcLlon
from me Pls name ls Mahaoda and hls deeds are llke LhaL of a ghosL 1herefore C klng
you should noL go Lo Lhls land of Lhe evll ghosL 8y my mercy your lnLelllgence wlll be
purlfled Pearlng Lhls Lhe klng came back Lo hls counLry
1haL clLy ls known as Lhelr slLe of pllgrlmage a place whlch was Madlna or free from
lnLoxlcaLlon Pavlng a form of a ghosL (8huLa) 1he sympLoms of my followers wlll be LhaL
Lhey flrsL of all wlll cuL Lhelr genlLals have no shlkha buL havlng beard1herefore
Lhey wlll be known as musalman
1he lnLelllgenL klng 8ho[ara[ esLabllshed Lhe language of SanskrlL ln Lhree varnas Lhe
brahmanas kshaLrlyas and valsyas and for Lhe shudras he esLabllshed prakrlLabhasha
Lhe ordlnary language spoken by common men AfLer rullng hls klngdom for 30 years he
wenL Lo Lhe heavenly planeL 1he moral laws esLabllshed by hlm were honored even by
Lhe demlgods 1he aryavarLa Lhe plous land ls slLuaLed beLween vlndhyacala and
Plmacala or Lhe mounLalns known as vlndhya and Plmalaya 1he Aryans reslde Lhere
buL varnasankaras reslde on Lhe lower parL of vlndhya 1he musalman people were kepL
on Lhe oLher slde of Lhe rlver Slndhu
Cn Lhe lsland of 8arbara 1usha and many oLhers also Lhe followers of lsamslha were
also slLuaLed as Lhey were managed by a klng or demlgods
113 1he redlcLlon of 8uddhlsm
lrom Lhe 29Lh chapLer of Lhe raLlsarga arva
Long ago ln Lhe counLry known as ClLrarLha Lhe lnhablLanLs of Lhe heavenly planeLs used
Lo come Lo play durlng Lhe Llme of auLumn Cne day a heavenly apsara know as
Man[ughosha came Lo LhaL place where Lhe sage Shuka was resldlng Seelng Lhls
beauLlful boy she Lrled Lo aLLracL hlm whlle slnglng and danclng belng overwhelmed by
lusLy deslres She pralsed hlm wlLh a beauLlful prayer holdlng her hands and bowlng
down Somehow she pleased Lhe munl 1hen Lhe glorlous Shuka hearlng Lhls ausplclous
prayer asked her Lo requesL a benedlcLlon Man[ughosha humbly sald C lord you are Lhe
proLecLor of Lhose who came Lo your shelLer Lherefore l'm aL your shelLer please become
my husband 1he sage accepLed her and afLer some Llme Lhey produced a son named
Munl' who performed ausLerlLy very sLrlcLly upLo 12 years Pe marrled Lhe daughLer of
Svarnadeva Lhe god of gold 1hey gave blrLh Lo a daughLer named klnnarl She was very
young and beauLlful She performed ausLerlLy Lo please Lord Shlva and as a benedlcLlon
lord Shlva lnsLrucLed her Lo a sober sage Makaranda
1hen her faLher Munl asked lord Shlva Lo bless her so LhaL Lhey wlll successfully make progress ln Lhls
world
Lord Shlva sald upLo 30 years you wlll en[oy your counLry ln Lhe mlddle of Lhe earLh Lhen
lL wlll be desLroyed AfLer hearlng Lhls Munl wenL Lo hls place wlLh Makaranda and reslded
Lhere As soon as Lhe 29Lh year sLarLed Lhe baLLle Look place among Lhose klngs who Look
blrLh as Lhe lncarnaLlons of Lhe assoclaLes of krlshna 8auddha Lhe lord of nyuhas (Lhe
lessened people) aLLacked Lhe beauLlful clLy of neLrapala Lhlnklng LhaL Lhls clLy ls
wonderfully decoraLed wlLh varlous klnds of [ewels 1he powerful klng 8auddhaslmha
who had sevenmllllon soldlers foughL wlLh Lhose klngs who had only Lhree mllllon
soldlers 1he flghL wenL on Lerrlbly beLween Lhe armles for seven days and nlghLs 1he
greaL powerful klngs who kllled all Lhe lnlmlcal armles proLecLed by 8audhaslmha were
?ogaslmha 8hogaslmha and vl[aya
AfLer LhaL more 8uddhlsLs came from Lhe counLrles known as Shyama and !apaka and all
of Lhem were maglclans Agaln Lhey had a large baLLle whlch lasLed for one monLh 1hen
neLraslmha arrlved wlLh seven mllllon soldlers proLecLed by elghL generals for Lhe
desLrucLlon of Lhe 8uddhlsLs 8elng afrald all Lhe 8uddhlsLs lefL lndla compleLely and wenL
Lo Chlna Lo conLlnue Lhe war from Lhere 1he opposlLe army also conLlnued followlng Lhem
When Lhey arrlved on Lhe bank of Lhe Puha rlver lL was Lhe monLh of Magh Lhe second
half parL of Lhe monLh of !anuary Lhe flghL Look place agaln 1here were one mllllon
soldlers each from Lhe counLrles of Syama and !apaka and Len mllllon soldlers from
Chlna assembled for a flghL Cn Lhe oLher slde krlshnamsa ueva neLrapala Mandallka
uhanyapada Lallaslmha 1alana and !ana nayaka were Lhe generals each of Lhem
havlng one mllllon soldlers 1here was a Lerrlble baLLle beLween Lhe 8uddhlsLs and Lhe
Aryans ln LhaL war seven mllllon 8uddhlsLs and Lwo mllllon Aryans were kllled 8elng
afrald Lhe 8uddhlsLs ran away from Lhe baLLle and wenL Lo Lhelr home Lo produce a
wooden army wlLh Lhe help of a machlnery arrangemenL 1hey made LenLhousand
elephanLs (made ouL of wood) along wlLh warrlors one mllllon horses one Lhousand
buffaloes one Lhousand hogs one Lhousand Llgers one Lhousand swans and seven
Lhousand camels All Lhese creaLures had wooden warrlors on Lhelr back 1hus wlLh Lhe
wooden army whlch was 123000 ln number Lhey kllled Lwo mllllon soldlers proLecLed by
krlshnamsas Seelng Lhls wonder !ayanLa Lhe experL flghLer shoL flre arrows Loward Lhe
wooden armles so LhaL Lhey were lmmedlaLely desLroyed belng burnL Lo ashes Cnly
Lhree mllllon kshaLrlyas (warrlors) were lefL and Lhey glorlfled Lhe proflclenL warrlor
!ayanLa agaln and agaln 1hen Lhe 8uddhlsLs from Chlna made a LwenLy Lhousand sLrong
lron horse calvary and senL Lhem Lo flghL 1he powerful warrlor ?ogaslmha rldlng on an
elephanL held Lhe bow and arrows ln hls hands and shoL Lo Lhe neck of Lhe lron warrlors
8elng affllcLed by Lhe arrows of ?ogaslmha flve Lhousand soldlers were kllled Seelng Lhls
8auddhaslmha made an lron Llger and senL lL Lo ?ogaslmha 8y Lhe aLLack of LhaL lron
Llger Lhe brave ?ogaslmha was flnally kllled and Lhen 8hogaslmha rldlng on a horse wenL
Lo flghL wlLh Lhe Llger Pe kllled Lhe Llger by Lhrowlng a mlsslle and roared loudly 1hen a
llon was senL Lo hlm by 8auddhaslmha and Lhus he (8hogaslmha) was kllled by a llon
When Lhe son of SwarnavaLl (!ayanLa) saw LhaL hls maLernal uncles were already dead
he rode on a powerful horse and wenL Lo 8auddhaslmha Pe Look lllusory arrows and puL
Lhe opposlLe army lnLo deluslon along wlLh 8auddhaslmha Pe capLured LenLhousand
klngs lncludlng 8auddhaslmha and reLurned Lo krlshnamsas havlng desLroyed Lhe
mechanlcal armles
1hen all of Lhem happlly wenL Lo Lhe clLy and forclbly looLed Lhe wealLh from Lhe palace
whlch was very opulenL and came back Lhe forL of Lhe klng !ayanLa came and released
8auddhaslmha AfLer belng released he offered hls daughLer adma[a Lo !ayanLa and also offered
100000000 golden colns for Lhe pleasure of hls ln law AfLer LhaL all Lhe
8uddhlsLs made Lhelr vows Lhere lLself saylng We wlll never go Lo Aryadesa Lo lnvade
Lhe counLry 1hen Lhey offered Lhelr homage and lefL 1hey wenL Lo neLrapala wlLh Lhelr
Lhree mllllon remalnlng soldlers
114 1he redlcLlon of lndla's klngs
lrom Lhe 31sL chapLer of Lhe raLlsarga arva
SuLa Coswaml sald 1he greaL powerful klng of Madrakesa worshlpped Lhe mendlcanLs of
Lhe heavenly planeLs (Lhe Asvlnl kumaras) for flve years and afLer havlng recelved a
benedlcLlon from Lhem he produced Len sons and one beauLlful young daughLer named
kanLlnaLl klng Madraka lnvlLed Mahara[ Suryavarna (Lhe presenL klng of PasLlnapura)
and gave hls daughLer Lo hlm wlLh proper conducL
Pavlng accepLed Lhe new wlfe Suryavarna qulckly reLurned Lo hls home wlLh hls army
1here was a mysLlc demon named karbura Lhe son of 8lgbhlsana when he saw
kanLlmaLl Lhe daughLer of klng Madrakesa he came Lhere and kldnapped her ln Lhelr
presence and wenL Lo a mounLaln called Sahyadrl Seelng Lhls lncldenL Mahlra[a became
very upseL and lamenLed agaln and agaln Mahlra[a came Lo PasLlnapura and senL a
message Lo krlshnamsa Pe explalned everyLhlng Lo hlm and lmmedlaLely wlLh flve
hundred warrlors krlshnamsa wenL Lo Sahyadrl mounLaln and sald fearlessly C besL of
Lhe demons please llsLen ?our faLher 8lbhlshana ls a greaL devoLoee and you are Lhe
dear son of hlm Lherefore you should noL acL ln Lhls manner (slnfully) whlch ls Lhe cause
of Lhe desLrucLlon of famlly uo you remember long ago moLher SlLa was kldnapped by
8avana and whaL happened Lo hlm?
1he rakshasa sald revlously she was Lhe daughLer of a Candharva and my beloved
wlfe buL because of a curse by a sage she Look blrLh on Lhe earLhly planeL 1herefore
feellng her separaLlon l wenL Lo Madrakesa AlLhough l sLayed Lhere so many days belng
afrald of Lhe klng l could noL kldnap her now she ls ln my conLrol buL lf you defeaL me ln
baLLle you can Lake her back 1hen krlshnamsa sLarLed flghLlng wlLh hlm wlLh a sword and
lL wenL on for seven nlghLs llnally he defeaLed Lhe rakshasa and wlLh kanLlmaLl came
back Lo uelhl Lo see Mahlra[a 1he klng (Mahlra[a) offered 10000000 golden colns Lo Lhe
greaL krlshnamsa 1hen he came Lo ramdavana or Lhe foresL called ramoda wlLh hls
frlends
SuLa Coswaml sald 1here was a powerful klng named urnamala ln aLLana Pe
worshlpped Lhe vasus for flve years and recelved a benedlcLlon from Lhem 8y Lhelr
blesslngs he had Len sons and a daughLer named vldyun mala lor Lhe marrlage of hls
daughLer he lnvlLed klng Mahlra[a and wlLh seven mllllon soldlers he gave hls daughLer Lo
Lhe son of Mahlra[a (8hlma)
8hlma came back happlly Lo hls home (PasLlnapura) wlLh hls beauLlful wlfe 1hen Lhe klng
of palsacadasa Sahoda came wlLh LenLhousand mlecchas Lo geL vldyunmala 1hey
came Lo kuruksheLra by Lhe order of 8all Lhe grandson of rahlada Mahara[a 1hey broke
Lhe delLles of gods kllled so many cows and ln Lhe places of sacred waLer Lhey puL cowblood Sahoda
Lhe mleccha klng wroLe a leLLer and senL lL Lo Mahlra[a klng Mahlra[a
answered C mleccha klng you are Lhe masLer of Lhe mlecchasl why are you worrled
abouL vldyunmala? ?ou should know LhaL l'm Lhe one who can shooL arrows [usL by hearlng a sound and
l'm Lhe cenLral polnL of Lhe counLry of Lhe Lhleves
1hen Lhe klng wenL Lo kuruksheLra wlLh Lhree mllllon soldlers 1here was a large Lerrlble
flghL beLween Lhem AL nlghL ln Lhe monLh of !esLa (!uly) 8all Mahara[a came from aLala
Lhe lowesL reglon wlLh LenLhousand demons and kllled Lhe soldlers of Lhe klng very
qulckly eaLlng Lhem agaln and agaln 1he klng belng afrald Look shelLer of goddess
SarasvaLl AfLer LhaL lmmedlaLely krlshnamsas arrlved and kllled Lhe LenLhousand
demons 1hey came Lo 8all Lhe lord of Lhe demons and pleased hlm wlLh Lhelr words
1hen 8allra[a sald l'm very pleased wlLh you now you can ask for any benedlcLlon
1hey sald 1hese demons should never come Lo Aryadesha (lndla) wlLh you all of you
should sLay always ln mlecchadesha and eaL Lhe followers of mlecchadharma
8allra[a became upseL hearlng Lhese fearful Lerrlble words
1hen krlshnamsa sald as long as l'm ln Lhls world you should slmply sLay ln your home
afLer LhaL you come here and do whaLever you llke
Pearlng Lhls Lhe mleccha klng Sahoda wenL back Lo 8asaLala Lhe slxLh lowesL reglon of
demons
113 1he redlcLlon of nlmbarka Acharya
lrom Lhe 7Lh chapLer of Lhe raLlsarga arva
1he sun god belng pleased by Lhe pralse of Lhe demlgods sald 8y Lhe order of Lhe Lord
krlshna Sudarshana wlll Lake blrLh ln Lhe uvaparayuga and wlll be known as nlmbadlLya
(nlmbarka) Pe wlll be able Lo remove Lhe decllnaLlon of rellglous prlnclples
SuLa Coswaml sald now you hear abouL Lhe pasLlmes of Lhe greaL nlmbarka Lord
krlshna personally ordered hlm Lo appear on Lhe ausplclous bank of narmada rlver whlch
flows Lo Lhe souLhern slde of mounLaln Meru 1haL sLaLe ls known as 1allanga Lhe place
used by Lhe devarsls Lhe godly sages
Lord krlshna sald ?ou recelve knowledge from devarsl narada and esLabllsh Lhe Lrue
prlnclples of rellglon ?ou should remaln ln MaLhura nalmlsaranya and uvaraka
Lord Sudarshana accepLed Lhe order of Lord krlshna sarylng ?es and appeared on Lhe
earLh Lo fulflll Lhe deslres of Lhe devoLees 1here was a broadmlnded holy brahmana
llvlng ln Lhe ausplclous sLaLe of 1allanga Pls name was Aruna and was well versed ln Lhe
vedas and vedangas Pls wlfe was known as !ayanLl 1hey were llvlng an ausLere llfe llke
Lhe sages 1he brllllanL lusLer of Sudarshana suddenly enLered ln Lhe hearL of !ayanLl and
by LhaL lusLer she looked brllllanL llke Lhe moon When Lhe Llme arrlved wlLh all
ausplclousness and good quallLles ln Caura paksha purnlma of karLlka monLh vrlsha
rasl Lhe moon ln krlLLlka Lhe flve grahas (planeLs) slLuaLed ln hlgher places ln Lhe
evenlng aL Lhe Llme of sunseL ln Masalagna Lhe Lord of Lhe unlverse (Sudarshana) who
engaged Lhe whole unlverse ln vedlc rellglon appeared from moLher !ayanLl (as
nlmbarka)
Cne day Lord 8rahma wenL Lo nlmbarka's ashrama [usL before Lhe sunseL and sald C brahmana l'm
very hungry as long as Lhe sun ls ln Lhe sky please glve me someLhlng Lo
eaL (l wlll noL eaL afLer Lhe sun seLs) 1he brahmana (nlmbarka) gave hlm food and whlle
he was eaLlng Lhe sun wenL down 1hen Lhe brahmana by hls power kepL a sudarshana
on a nlmbe Lree Lord 8rahma wondered seelng LhaL sunllke shlne and pald hls
obelsances Lo Lhe brahmana by lylng flaL on Lhe ground leased wlLh hls ausLerlLy Lord
8rahma sald LxcellenL ?ou wlll become famous on Lhls earLh and you wlll be known as
nlmbadlLya (nlmbarka Cne who made Lhe sun appear from a neem Lree)
116 1he redlcLlon of Madhva and Srldhara
lrom Lhe 7Lh chapLer of Lhe raLlsarga arva
8rlhaspaLl sald Long ago durlng Lhe age of LreLa C lndra Lhere was a brahmana named
Shakrasharma ln Ayodhya Pe worshlpped demlgods such as Lhe Asvlnl kumaras
8udras vasus and Surya wlLh Lhe manLras menLloned ln Lhe ?a[urveda AfLer
worshlpplng he saLlsfled Lhem by offerlng oblaLlons every day 1hus belng pleased wlLh
hls worshlp all Lhe 330 mllllon demlgods awarded hlm all deslred ob[ecLs and even Lhe
raresL Lhlngs 8y Lhe benedlcLlon of Lhe demlgods Lhe brahmana llved on Lhls earLh for LenLhousand
years wlLhouL geLLlng old and havlng no dlsLurbance AfLer leavlng hls body he
become Lhe Sungod and predomlnaLed Lhe sun planeL for one hundred Lhousand years
before golng Lo 8rahmaloka Pe spenL elghL Lhousand celesLlal years for vlslLlng Lhe hlgher
planeLs and Lhen reLurned Lo Lhe sun planeL
Pearlng Lhls Lord lndra wlLh hls sober lnLelllgence began Lo worshlp Lhe sungod along
wlLh oLher demlgods ln Lhe monLh of !une!uly Cn Lhe purnlma Lhe full moon day Lhe
sungod came down Lo Lhe earLh and sald Lo demlgods l wlll Lake blrLh ln kallyuga ln
vrlndavana and Lhls brahmana wlll execuLe favorable acLs for Lhe demlgods Pe wlll be
born as a son of Madhava named Madhu and follow Lhe vedlc paLh
SuLa Cosvaml sald Saylng Lhls Lhe sungod creaLed a llghL from hls body and senL lL Lo
vrlndavana ALLracLlng all Lhe lrrellglous people wlLh pleaslng speech he gave Lhem
valshnavlshakLl or Lhe splrlLual energy of Lord vlshnu Lhe besLower of en[oymenL and
llberaLlon 1hus he become famous known as Madhvacarya
!lva sald ln Lhe age of uvapara Lhere was a brahmana named Megha Sharma Pe was
very much rellglous lnLelllgenL learned and a follower of Lhe vedlc paLh Pe was engaged
ln farmlng and wlLh Lhe Len percenL proflL from farmlng he was worshlpplng Lhe demlgods
every day wlLh devoLlon Cnce Lhere was no raln durlng Lhe admlnlsLraLlon of Mahara[a
ShanLanu for flve years buL Lhe farm of Megha sharma was abouL four mlles wlder and
was waLered by raln naLurally Lhe gralnraLe lncreased and Megha sharma became rlch
by Laklng advanLage of Lhe scarclLy CLher people belng so dlsLressed Look shelLer of Lhe
klng 1he klng called Megha sharma and sald C greaL brahmana l offer my obelsances
unLo you please became my Curu and gulde us so LhaL we can be free from Lhe scarclLy
Megha sharma sald when Lhe monLh of Shravana (!ulyAugusL) sLarLs you should call
Lwelve vedlc brahmanas Lo chanL onehundred Lhousand Llmes Lhe manLra of Lhe sungod
wlLh Lhe proper mlnd 1hen on Lhe full moon day (purnlma) offer one LenLh Lhe number of
oblaLlons ln Lhe sacrlflclal flre Lhrough Lhe brahmanas lf you could do Lhls as menLloned
you wlll become free from anxleLy So Lhe klng performed accordlngly and fed all Lhe
brahmanas Lhen Lhe sungod belng pleased by Lhls poured heavy raln on Lhe earLh from
all sldes AfLer Lhls klng ShanLanu engaged ln performlng SuryavraLa and become a greaLly plous
person Whoever he Louched wlLh hls hand lmmedlaLely Lurned Lo a young
man 8y Lhe mercy of Lhe sungod Meghasarma llved for flvehundred years belng freed
from old age and Lhen wenL Lo sunplaneL AfLer 100000 years he wlll aLLaln 8rahmaloka
Whlle he was speaklng Lhus sungod revealed hls ldenLlLy Lo !lva and wenL Lo rayaga
(Allahabad) and belng ln a happy mood he sald Lo Lhe demlgods ln kallyuga when Lhe
mlecchas wlll be rullng Lhe klngdom l wlll come Lo vrlndavana and preach for Lhe mlsslon
of Lhe uevas
SuLa sald 1hen Lhe sungod descended ln vrlndavana as a son of uevasharma named
Srldhara Pe sLudled Srlmad 8hagavaLam very deeply and a greaL commenLary on lL
whlch ls known as Srldharbhasya Lhe commenLary of Srldhara
117 1he redlcLlon of !ayadeva Cosvaml
8rlhaspaLl sald Long ago Lhere was a brahmana named Pell ln Lhe beauLlful clLy
ampapura Pe was a worshlpper of Lhe sungod and he knew Lhe 64 arLs Pe avolded
Lhe mood of accepLlng dakshlna (donaLlons) and he became an arLlsL havlng esLabllshed
a workshop for cloLhes palnLlngs plcLures meLal sLaLues eLc Pe spenL flve Lhousand
colns Lo esLabllsh lL WhaLever proflL he made he used for worshlpplng Lhe sungod ln Lhe
monLh of Magha (!anuarylebruary) by performlng sacrlflces 1hus Lhe sungod
vlshvakarma (Lhe archlLecL of Lhe gods) became pleased wlLh Lhls sacrlflce and
descended on Lhe Lop of a blg plllar ln ampasarovara Lhe lake named ampa havlng a
brllllanL shlnlng form AL Lhe noon Llme Pell offered food Lo Lhe sungod accordlng Lo hls
deslre ln Lhls way he saLlsfled Lhe Lhree worlds AfLer leavlng hls body he enLered lnLo Lhe
sunplaneL 1herefore C klng of devas you may worshlp Lhe sungod he wlll help you
SuLa sald Lord lndra hearlng Lhls from hls guru began Lo worshlp Lhe sungod
vlsvakarma along wlLh oLher demlgods 1hus belng pleased wlLh Lhelr worshlp 1vashLa
(vlsvakarma) sald C gods please llsLen Lo my words l wlll appear ln a vlllage named
8llvagram ln 8engal and l wlll be Lhe poeL known as !ayadeva Lhe compller of nlrukLl
Saylng Lhls Lhe sungod wenL Lo 8engal and Look blrLh ln Lhe house of a brahmana named
kanduke When he was [usL flve years old he was engaged ln Lhe servlce of hls parenLs
and conLlnued for Lwelve years AfLer someLlme hls parenLs lefL Lhelr body and !ayadeva
dld all Lhe flnal ceremonles (Shraddha) ln Caya 8elng saLlsfled Lhey wenL Lo heaven
1hen !ayadeva llved ln a [ungle as a deLached brahmana
AL Lhe age of LwenLy Lhree a brahmana (someone) offered hls beauLlful daughLer Lo Lord
!agannaLha AL Lhe end of hls worshlp Lhe eLernal Lord Anlruddha havlng Lhe form of
uarubrahma dlrecLly spoke Lhus C SaLyavraLa please llsLen Lo Me lL ls my order LhaL
you offer your daughLer admavaLl Lo !ayadeva because he ls Lhe body of Mlne or he ls
as good as Me 1hen he found Lhe deLached brahmana (!ayadeva) and leavlng hls
daughLer ln fronL of hlm he wenL Lo hls home admavaLl served her husband for so many
years accepLlng hlm as a beauLlful and learned one !ayadeva complled a book known as
nlrukLa Lhe vedlc vocabulary one of Lhe slx vedangas 1here were flve klnds of nlrukLas
buL ln kallyuga Lhey were desLroyed by Lhe evll people and rakrlLbhasha or Lhe llllLeraLe
language was esLabllshed lor Lhe sake of Lhe demlgods anlnl Lhe auLhor of
AshLadhyayl grammar overLook Lhem and esLabllshed Lhe pure SanskrlL languagae
Cnce Lhe evll mlnded kall slLuaLed ln Lhe hearLs of Lhleves plundered all Lhe money of Lhe
brahmana !ayadeva whlch was glven Lo hlm by Lhe klng lollowlng Lhls Lhey cuL boLh hls hands and legs
and wenL home leavlng admavaLl aslde !aydeva was Lhrown lnLo a
dlLch admavaLl Look hlm ouL crled and lamenLed agaln and agaln seelng Lhe slLuaLlon of
her husband
Cne day when Lhe klng uharmapala was ouL hunLlng Pe saw Lhe sage !ayadeva wlLhouL
hands and feeL and asked Who puL you ln such a condlLlon?
!ayadeva answered no one puL me ln Lhls condlLlon C klng lL ls due Lo my prevlous
acLlvlLles LhaL l am sufferlng now ln Lhls abomlnable condlLlon
Pavlng heard Lhls sLaLemenL Lhe rellglous klng puL Lhe brahmana on a palanquln along
wlLh hls wlfe and broughL Lhem Lo hls palace 1he klng bullL a dharmashala rellglous
lnsLlLuLlon afLer recelvlng lnsLrucLlons from !ayadeva
Cne day Lhose same Lhleves dressed as valshnavas came Lo Lhe klng and sald We are
very much experL ln Lhe scrlpLures and Lherefore we have come Lo you C besL of Lhe
klngs Lord vlshnu whlle belng ln Lhe sLone (Shalagrama) eaLs food cooked by us
everyday wlLh love lf you don'L belleve us you can see Lhls rlghL here
Saylng Lhus Lhe slaves of kall by Lhelr power showed Lhe klng a four handed form of Lord
vlshnu eaLlng 8elng sLruck wlLh wonder klng uharmapala sald Lo !ayadeva C my
gurudeva some valshnavas Lhe devoLees of Lord vlshnu have come Lo my palace and
Lhey have shown me Lhe Lord before my very eyes Lherefore please come qulckly
1he Lhelves saw !ayadeva and became sLruck wlLh wonder 1hey sald Lo Lhe klng ln a
[oklng mood C klng Lhls brahmana was a cook ln Lhe palace of Lhe klng of Caudadesa
(8engal) Cnce he became very much greedy for money and he mlxed some polson ln
Lhe food and offered lL Lo a klng When Lhe klng come Lo know abouL lL he ordered hlm Lo
be cruclfled 1hen we came Lo hlm (!ayadeva) and knowlng hlm Lo be an offender we
lnsLrucLed hlm ln Lhe vedlc knowledge 1hen Lhe klng refused Lo cruclfy hlm buL he cuL off
hls hands and legs AL LhaL Llme Lhe klng became our dlsclple havlng been enllghLened by
us
Whlle Lhey were speaklng Lhus Lhe earLh broke ln Lwo and Lhose Lhleves fell wlLhln Lhe
earLh belng senL Lo Lhe lowesL hell known as paLalaloka !ayadeva began Lo cry Lo Lhe
Lhleves and whlle he was crylng hls hands and legs appeared Lo be as Lhey were 1hen
he explalned Lo Lhe bewlldered klng whaL had happened 1he klng became very happy
afLer hearlng everyLhlng from hlm !ayadeva wroLe a song called ClLaCovlnda Lhe song
sung for Lhe pleasure of Lord Covlnda 1he klng read Lhe song and aLLalned llberaLlon C
brahmanas Lhus l have narraLed Lhe blrLh sLory of !ayadeva now you llsLen abouL how
Lhe Supreme Lord appeared as Srl krlshna ChalLanya
lrom raLlsarga arva 4Lh arL ChapLer 6
AbouL kuLubuddln and Lhe Shaws rullng uelhl
1he sage (Saunka) sald C greaL forLunaLe one you know everyLhlng please Lell us abouL
Lhe klngs who came afLer Mahlra[a
SuLa Coswaml sald 1he ghosLly kuLukoddlna wlLh human naLure was slLuaLed ln Lhe
klngdom of uelhl 1he besL klng 8hapasena Lhe grandson of vlrasena was slLuaLed ln Lhe beauLlful clLy
of Allgarh 1hls clLy was proLecLed by yadavas kuLukaddln wlLh LenLhousand warrlors wenL Lhere and
defeaLed hlm and reLurned Lo uelhl 1hen so many
klngs form oLher counLrles came Lhere and defeaLed hlm and re[ecLed hlm from Lhelr
counLrles When Shahoddlna heard Lhls he came Lo uelhl conquered Lhe klngs and
broke all Lhe delLles AfLer LhaL so many mlecchas came from all sldes and ruled Lhe
klngdom for 3 6 or 7 years 1hey had desLroyed Lhe places of pllgrlmage and Lhe Lemples
Lherefore as a reacLlon Lhey become shorLllved lrom Loday Lhe mleccha klngs wlll
conLlnue for a hundred years Lherefore C sages you should qulckly go Lo vlshala
(8adarlkashrama) wlLh me
1hen all Lhe sages sadly lefL Lhls place (nalmlsaranya) and wenL Lo vlshala Lhe besL of
Lhe Plmalayas and medlLaLed upon Lord Parl belng ln samadhl (Lrance) And afLer a
hundred years all of Lhem aLLalned Lhe klngdom of Cod
Pome
8rahmananda urana
lL ls Lhe elghLeenLh urana lL has 1200 verses resenLly avallable ln separaLe parLs We
do noL have Lhe full LexL Pence we have glven Lhe Lhree lmporLanL ones whlch we have
1 AbouL Lhe Mokshada Lkadasl
2 1he LallLopakhyanam abouL uevl LallLa 1rlpura Sundarl 1hls also conLalns Lhe
LallLa Sahasranama SLoLra and Lhe LallLa 1rlshaLl SLoLra boLh of whlch are ln our SLoLras
secLlon
3 Also lncluded ls Lhe 1he Sons of Sagara secLlon an lnLeresLlng sLory by 8lshl !almlnl
accordlng Lo whlch Lhey dug lnLo Lhe earLh Lo flnd a horse ln aLala loka A loL of people
slLe Lhls as an example Lo supporL Lhe hollow earLh Lheory
1hls urana has four parLs rakrlya Anushanga upoLaghaL and upasamhar 1hls
urana ls sald Lo be narraLed by SuLa[l on Lhe bank of Lhe rlver urlshdvaLl ln ?aksh
ksheLra (ldenLlfled wlLh SuLle[ ln modern Plmachal radesh) lrom hls narraLlon lL ls clear
LhaL SuLa[l had heard Lhe urana from veda vyasa who ln hls Lurn recelved lL from
vayudev
CreaLlon of Lhe unlverse deLermlnaLlon of kalpa dlfferenLlaLlon of ?ugas descrlpLlon of
ManvanLaras descrlpLlon of !ambudweep and 8haraLvarsh descrlpLlon of klmpurush
Anudweep keLumaal varsh eLc and descrlpLlon of 8haraL vansha rlLhu vansha uev
vansh 8lshl vansh Agnl vansh and precepLors are Lhe maln Loplcs of 8rahmand urana
Sages Lhe dynasLles of rulers and Lhe legends of lLas and Lhelr proplLlaLlon Lhe confllcL
beLween karLLlkeya klng of Plhayas and 8hargava arasurama Subsldlary eplsodes as
LhaL of Sagara Lhe llneage of valvasvaLa Manu and Lhe dlssoluLlon of unlverse Lhe
ulLlmaLe annlhllaLlon
uescrlbed ln Lhe urana AdhyaLma 8amayana has seven parLs llrsL parL descrlbes Lhe
8rahmaswarup (cosmlc appearance) of Shrl 8ama lncarnaLlon of Lord 8ama Lo relleve
Lhe earLh from Lhe aLroclLles of Lhe demons 8aalleela (chlldhood plays) LmanclpaLlon of
Ahllya 8emoval of 8hargavas (arashurams) ego Second parL conLalns Lord 8ama
golng lnLo exlle uemlse of uashraLh Aranyakanda descrlbes kllllng of Lhe llluslonary deer
and abducLlon of SlLa klshklndha khand descrlbes Lhe kllllng of 8aall Search of SlLa
Sundar khand has Lhe Lales of Panumans enLry lnLo Lanka Lanka kanda conLalns Lhe
descrlpLlon of kllllng of 8avana and coronaLlon of Lord 8ama upon hls reLurn Lo Ayodhya
ln uLLar khand reasons for 8avanas blrLh have been descrlbed lL also conLalns Lhe descrlpLlon of SlLa?s
deserLlon by 8ama ueserLlon of Lakshmana CoronaLlon of Luv and
kush and deparLure of 8ama Lo hls orlglnal valkunLh loka
LallLopakhyanam
lL ls Lhe mosL lmporLanL secLlon of Lhls urana 1he narraLlon ls wrlLLen ln Lhe form of
conversaLlon beLween Payagreeva and Lhe sage AgasLya Payagreeva ln Lhls conLexL ls a
seer 1here ls a celesLlal of Lhe same name Who are Lhey? We geL Lhe reply for Lhls also
ln Lhe LexL1here ls a deLalled descrlpLlon ln Lhe book esLabllshlng Lhe harmonlous
synLhesls of Lhe aspecLs of Lhe Lhree delLles Shlva vlshnu and Lhe ulvlne MoLher ln Lhe
pasL several devoLees used Lo dally reclLe LallLopakhyana Lhe deLalled sLory of LallLa 1hls
plous sLory conLalns Lhe lnner meanlngs of Lhe several Lechnlcal Lerms of Lhe splrlLual
sclence and Lhe flner aspecLs of Lhe ManLra ShasLra (Lhe sclence of holy chanLs) LeL us
en[oy Lhe feasL of necLar by llsLenlng Lo Lhls plous sLory wlLh deep devoLlon
enance of AgasLya Long ago Lhe mounLaln vlndhya (cenLral lndla) sLarLed growlng
upward ln glganLlc proporLlon due Lo egolsm 1he sage AgasLya declded Lo subdue Lhe
prlde of vlndhya lor Lhls purpose he came from varanasl (uLLara radesh lndla) and
seLLled ln SouLh lndla 8y Lhe dlvlne presence of Lhe sage AgasLya Lhe enLlre SouLhlndla
gradually became prosperous and plous LvenLually Lhe kall ?uga sLarLed (As per Lhe
LradlLlon of lndla kall ?uga ls Lhe fourLh Age Lhe oLhers belng kruLa 1reLa and uvapara)
ln splLe of Lhe severe lnspecLlon ofLhe sage AgasLya Lhe evll LralLs of Lhe kall ?uga sLarLed
sprouLlng slowly noLlng Lhls Lrend Lhe sage felL sad and proceeded on a pllgrlmage 1he
sLrange and unrlghLeous ways of Lhe people made hlm qulLe unhappy 1here was rampanL
selflshness and sensuousness prevalenL everywhere Pow can Lhesepeople aLLaln
llberaLlon? 1hls was hls nagglng grlef AfLer reachlng kanchl (1amll nadu SouLh
lndla) he was unable Lo bear Lhe burden of Lhe grlef and performed severe penance
medlLaLlng on varadara[a (1he 8esL of Lhe boon glvers a synonym of vlshnu) Cod's
ways are mysLerlous! Pls power of llluslon ls lncomprehenslble! vlshnu appeared Lo Lhe
sage ln Lhe form of Payagreeva
AgasLya asked Payagreeva ChLord! WhaL ls Lhe paLh of salvaLlon Lo Lhese lgnoranL
people?
Payagreeva replled 1here are Lwo paLhs for Lhls 1hey are
a) AfLer renounclng everyLhlng one can aLLaln Lhe knowledge of Lhe aLLrlbuLeless aspecL
of Cod 1hls ls a very dlfflculL way
b) 1he second meLhod ls Lo worshlp Lhe ulvlne MoLher who ls Lhe form of vlshnu wlLh
aLLrlbuLes Lven a slnner can do Lhe worshlp 1here ls anoLher advanLage ln Lhls Lype 1he
devoLee can slmulLaneously geL en[oymenL and salvaLlon by followlng Lhls paLh lurLher
vlshnu ordered Lo Lhe sage AgasLya ?ou have Lo propagaLe Lhls dlvlne secreL ln Lhe
enLlre world
1he sage asked Lord vlshnu! klndly narraLe Lhe sLory of ara ShakLl (1he
ulLlmaLeower Lhe ulvlne MoLher) who ls your aspecL wlLh aLLrlbuLes
AL Lhls sLage vlshnu asked sage Payagreeva (born wlLh Lhe Lord's aspecLs) Lo Lell Lhe
deLalled sLory Lo AgasLya
1he ulvlne MoLher emanaLed from medlLaLlon of 8rahma (Lhe CreaLor) Per name Lhen
was rakruLl (1he naLure) Mohlnl AvaLara lor Lhe second Llme Lhe ulvlne MoLher
manlfesLed as Mohlnl aL Lhe Llme of Lhe churnlng Lhe ocean by Lhe celesLlals and Lhe
demons (Lo obLaln AmruLanecLar) LeL us see how lL happened
Cnce upon a Llme lndra (Lhe Lord of Lhe Peaven was overpowered by Lhe prlde of hls
prosperlLy Pls reverence Lo even Shlva gradually dlmlnlshed Cbservlng Lhls Shlva asked Lhe sage
uurvasa Lo meeL lndra ln Lhe Peaven 1he sage sLarLed Laklng Lhe paLh of
Candharvas (Lhe celesLlal slngers) whlch was very beauLlful 1he sage appeared ugller
Lhan a beggar Anyway he proceeded ahead pompously Cn Lhe way Lhe sage saw a
celesLlal lady holdlng a fragranL garland of dlvlne flowers 1he ugly looklng sage asked Lhe
beauLlful lady Where dld you geL Lhls garland?
She observed hlm keenly and reallsed LhaL he was a sage She prosLraLed Lo hlm and
replled humbly Slr! l am [usL now reLurnlng afLer dolng Lhe worshlp of Lhe ulvlne MoLher
who manlfesLed and gave me Lhls garland as rasadam !umplng [oyously Lhe sage
asked her Lo glve Lhe garland Lo hlm She happlly handed lL over Lo Lhe sage and
prosLraLed Lo hlm 1he sage blessed her May your devoLlon Lo Lhe ulvlne moLher be flrm
1aklng leave of Lhe sage she wenL away 8y Lhls lncldenL Lhe sage reallsed LhaL lL was
noL dlfflculL Lo oLhers Lo recognlse hlm even lf he was ln any ugly appearance Pe was
saLlsfled wlLh Lhls LhoughL and proceeded furLher
AfLer a whlle he saw lndra rldlng Lhe elephanL lravaLa 1he sage approached lndra who
dld noL appear Lo recognlse and prosLraLe Lo Lhe sage Powever Lhe sage dld noL geL
angry and sald lndra! 1hls ls Lhe garland glven by Lhe ulvlne MoLher Perself 1ake lL
Saylng so Lhe sage presenLed Lhe garland Lo lndra lndra dldn'L refuse Pe recelved Lhe
garland wlLh dlsgusL and Lhrew Lhe same on Lhe head of Lhe elephanL whlch proceeded
ahead A llLLle laLLer Lhe elephanL Lhrew down Lhe garland wlLh lLs Lrunk and Lrampled over
lL Looklng aL Lhls Lhe sage uurvasa became very furlous and cursed lndra Ch! LgolsLlc
fellow! ?ou have noL recognlsed me noL only LhaL ?ou have noL even respecLed Lhe
rasadam of Lhe ulvlne moLher uue Lo Lhls May your prosperlLy vanlsh! WlLh Lhese
words lndra's prlde was humbled Pe goL down Lhe elephanL and prosLraLed Lo Lhe feeL of
Lhe angry sage uurvasa Powever Lhe sage wenL away sllenLly
1hen lndra's Lroubles sLarLed one by one Pe saw bad omens ln Lhe Peaven Afrald of
Lhem lndra asked Lhe sage 8ruhaspaLl (Lhe SplrlLual MasLer of Lhe celesLlals) Lo reveal Lhe
cause of Lhe bad omens 1he sage replled 1he effecL of your slns follows you as a
shadow Saylng so Lhe sage narraLed a flne sLory
Long long ago Lhere was a Lhlef by name va[ra ln kanchlpuram (1amll nadu SouLh
lndla) Pe used Lo sLeal small Lhlngs and gradually amassed large quanLum of money As
Lhe wealLh accumulaLed conslderably he wanLed Lo hlde lL safely and wenL Lo Lhe nearby
foresL Lo do so ln a dense parL of Lhe foresL he dug a deep plL and secured Lhe money
Lhere ln Powever a hunLer by name veeradanLa slLLlng on a Lall Lree observed all Lhls
qulLe unexpecLedly AfLer Lhe Lhlef has lefL Lhe place Lhe hunLer dug ouL Lhe plL and afLer
Laklng only one LenLh of Lhe money he covered Lhe plL wlLhouL causlng any doubL Lo
anyone 1he hunLer's wlfe saw Lhe money and knowlng how her husband goL lL she sald
lL ls cusLomary LhaL many 8rahmanas vlslL Lhe home of my parenLs Whenever Lhey saw
me Lhey used Lo forecasL ?ou wlll geL rlch qulLe suddenly 1helr predlcLlon came Lrue
now 1he hunLer veeradanLa planned Lo purchase meaL and wlne wlLh Lhe money
Powever hls wlfe sald 1he 8rahmana vlslLors of my parenLs' home used Lo Lell
someLhlng more 1hey cauLloned LhaL hardearned money only wlll glve durable
en[oymenL and LhaL Lhe easy money was slnful Pence leL us use Lhls unexpecLed and
unearned money for charlLles AfLer prolonged dlscusslons Lhe wlfe's oplnlon won 1hen
veeradanLa selecLed a place of waLer scarclLy and arranged Lhe dlgglng a blg waLer Lank
for publlc use Whlle Lhe work was ln progress furLher plans were made and accordlngly
he sLarLed Lhe consLrucLlon of Lemples for vlshnu and Shlva by Lhe slde of Lhe Lank When
Lhe pro[ecLs were half way Lhe money was exhausLed Pence veeradanLa sLarLed spylng
Lo flnd ouL Lhe several places aL whlch Lhe Lhlef va[ra was hldlng Lhe sLolen wealLh
WlLhouL causlng any doubL Lo Lhe Lhlef Lhe hunLer used Lo Lake ouL money llLLle by llLLle
from Lhe plLs and conLlnued Lhe consLrucLlon wlLhouL lnLerrupLlons Along wlLh Lhls he sLarLed Lo
donaLe Lhe money Powever Lhe hunLer dld noL use Lhe money for hlmself or hls
famlly 1hus consLanLly encouraged by hls wlfe hls charlLles developed 1he 8rahmanas
of kanchl were glad and gave Lhe LlLles uvl[avarma and ShllavaLl Lo Lhe hunLer and hls
wlfe 1hese LlLles evenLually became Lhelr names ln vogue Some Llme laLer Lhe hunLer
planned and consLrucLed a clLy lnsLead of glvlng lL hls own name Lhe hunLer named lL as
uevaraLapura as a mark of respecL Lo hls guru uevaraLa AfLer a few years Lhe hunLer
and hls wlfe dled aL Lhe same Llme 1he messengers of ?ama (1he Cod of deaLh and Lhe
Lord of Pell) and Shlva and vlshnu arrlved Lo Lakeaway Lhe !lvas (Lhe subLle form of llfe
of Lhe dead) 1helr debaLe as Lo who can Lake Lhe !lvas could noL be seLLled AL LhaL Llme
Lhe sage narada arrlved Lhere Pe asked Lhe Lhree groups of messengers Lo sLop Lhe
argumenLs and revealed anoLher aspecL of Lhe code of rlghLeousness Lhus 1he hunLer
has performed Lhe deeds of merlL (unya) llke charlLles wlLh Lhe money sLolen by hlm
Pence as per Lhe rules of rlghLeousness he musL move abouL ln Lhe form of a ghosL unLll
Lhe deaLh of all Lhe owners of Lhe sLolen wealLh Pence none of you have Lhe rlghL Lo Lake
away Lhe !lva nexL hls wlfe was greaL She dldn'L commlL any sln As she was a devoLee
of Shlva Lhe messengers of Lhe Lord can Lake away her !lva LlsLenlng Lo Lhls rullng
ShllavaLl's !lva saL down obsLlnaLely saylng l won'L go Lo kallasha Lhe abode of Shlva
leavlng my husband ln Lhe form of a ghosL She prayed Lo Lhe sage narada Slr! klndly
dlrecL me whaL l have Lo do Lo unburden my husband's slns narada was very much
pleased wlLh her chasLlLy and fldellLy and gave lnlLlaLlon of Shlva manLra (chanL) Lo her 8y
her penance Lhe husband and wlfe aLLalned Lhe grace of Shlva and were accepLed Lo sLay
ln kallasha (Shlva's abode) SomeLlme laLer Lhe Lhlef va[ra and Lhe persons from whom
he sLole Lhe money dled All Lhe !lvas reached Lhe Pell Lhe abode of ?ama Lhe god of
deaLh Pe asked all of Lhem Lo assemble and sald 1hough you dld noL lnLend Lo do Lhe
acLs of unya (merlL) Lhey were performed wlLh your money Pence you are ellglble Lo
sLay ln kallasha (abode of Shlva) for someLlme Pence l ask you wheLher you choose Lo
experlence elLher Lhe effecL of unya (merlL) or apa (sln) ln Lhe flrsL lnsLance 1hey
replled ln chorus we opL Lo experlence Lhe effecL of merlL flrsL 8y dolng so we wlll have a
chance of assoclaLlon wlLh Lhe plous whlch ln Lurn wlll wlpe ouL pasL slns ?ama felL glad
by Lhelr cholce and senL Lhem all as Lhe aLLendanLs of uvl[avarma aL kallasha 8y hls good
assoclaLlon all Lhelr slns were washed off and Lhey seLLled ln kallasha happlly
reachlng of 8ruhaspaLl AfLer narraLlng Lhe sLory 8ruhaspaLl sald lndra! now you
Lhlnk of your slns lndra once agaln prosLraLed Lo Lhe sage and requesLed Slr! l am
unable Lo reallse my slns klndly glve me deLalls
8ruhaspaLl replled ln Lhe dlsLanL pasL ulLl' Lhe second wlfe of kashyapa gave blrLh Lo a
son by name uanu and a daughLer named 8upavaLl uanu ls Lhe predecessor of Lhe race
of uanavas (demons) 8upavaLl was marrled Lo 8rahma (Lhe CreaLor) Per son was
vlshwarupa Pe dld severe penance Pe had many dlvlne aspecLs Powever he was a
nephew of Lhe demons Pe was affecLlonaLe Lowards boLh Lhe races Lhe celesLlals and
Lhe demons AfLer a whlle lndra chose vlshwarupa as hls Curu (aL LhaL Llme 8ruhaspaLl
was noL Lhe Curu of Lhe celesLlals) lndra expecLed LhaL vlshwarupa would be parLlal
Lowards Lhe celesLlals and LhaL he would desLroy Lhe demons Powever vlshwarupa was
frlendly Lowards all Cbservlng Lhls lndra suspecLed LhaL belng a frlend of Lhe demons
vlshwarupa was harmlng Lhe celesLlals Cne day lndra suddenly wenL Lo vlshwarupa and
cuL off all hls Lhree heads 8y dolng so lndra was affllcLed by Lhe sln of 8rahmahaLya
(kllllng 8rahmana) noL only LhaL Aggrleved by Lhe deaLh of Pls son 8rahma (Lhe CreaLor)
cursed lndra 1errlfled by Lhese Lwo (8rahmahaLya and curse of 8rahma) lndra
accompanled by all Lhe celesLlals soughL refuge aL Lhe feeL of vlshnu who conLemplaLed
deeply and allocaLed Lhe effecL of lndra's slns Lo Lhe earLh Lhe Lrees and Lhe women As
compensaLlon vlshnu gave Lhe power LhaL Lhe plLs of earLh could be fllled up Lhe power LhaL even Lhe
Lrees once cuL off could revlve and Lhe power of women Lo begeL chlldren
1hus lndra was relleved of Lhe effecL of Lhe sln of 8rahmahaLya (kllllng a 8rahmln)
Powever Lhe curse of 8rahma (Lhe CreaLor) sLlll perslsLed vlshnu called for 8rahma and
requesLed Plm on behalf of lndra for rellef from Lhe curse 8rahma LhoughL over Lhe same
and sald Ck lor Lhe presenL my curse won'L Lake effecL vlshnu sald noLhlng Agaln
lndra became prosperous Powever very soon hls prlde lncreased 1hls Llme lndra was
affecLed by Lhe anger of Shlva and so he was cursed by Lhe sage uurvasa
LlsLenlng Lo all Lhls lndra recollecLed Lhe pasL evenLs and sadly asked 8ruhaspaLl MasLer!
WhaL have l Lo do now?
When Lhe guru was abouL Lo reply a demon named Malaka lnvaded Lhe Peaven wlLh a
huge army and selzed Lhe klngdom lndra had Lo escape ln a greaL hurry Pe wenL sLralghL
Lo 8rahma and prayed Lo Plm for mercy who also plLled lndra Powever even Lhe CreaLor
could noL declde whaL Lo do and approached vlshnu along wlLh lndra and Lhe celesLlals
vlshnu LhoughL of Lhe problem deeply and advlsed Lhem ?ou churn Lhe ocean Lo geL Lhe
Coddess of prosperlLy
lor Lhls purpose lndra made reconclllaLlon wlLh Lhe demons and Laklng Lhelr help he and
Lhe celesLlals churned Lhe ocean uurlng Lhe churnlng very valuable Lhlngs emanaLed
from Lhe ocean AL lasL uhanvanLarl (Lhe Cod of Peallng) came ouL holdlng Lhe poL of
AmruLa (necLar) Looklng aL hlm Lhe demons grabbed Lhe poL and sLarLed runnlng away
wlLh lL A blLLer baLLle sLarLed beLween Lhe celesLlals and Lhe demons 1here was uLLer
confuslon Lven 8rahma and Shlva escaped and reached Lhelr abodes Cbservlng all Lhls
vlshnu wenL Lo a secluded spoL and sLarLed medlLaLlon of Srl LallLa uevl who dwells
wlLhln Plm as Lhe aspecL of power uue Lo Lhls medlLaLlon he manlfesLed as a form of
LallLa uevl 1aklng Lhls lncarnaLlon as an embodlmenL of eroLlclsm vlshnu approached
Lhe celesLlals and demons 1he celesLlals could reallse Lhe form as dlvlne and ausplclous
Powever due Lo Lhelr predomlnaLlng LralL of 1amas (lgnorance) Lhe demons were
enchanLed by Lhe beauLy of Lhe form and sLopped flghLlng She mesmerlsed Lhem and
Look Lhe poL of AmruLa (necLar) from Lhem Laklng Lhelr consenL Lo her Lo serve Lhe necLar
Lo all She asked Lhe celesLlals and Lhe demons Lo slL ln separaLe rows She sLarLed Lo glve
Lhe necLar Lo Lhe celesLlals only flrsL Allured by her Lhe demons saL sLlll sLupefled 8y Lhe
Llme Lhe necLar was glven Lo Lhe celesLlals Lhe sLock exhausLed She dlsappeared
suddenly 1he demons agaln sLarLed Lo flghL wlLh Lhe celesLlals Powever as Lhe celesLlals
have already drunk Lhe necLar by Lhen Lhe demons were defeaLed
1hus Lhe ulvlne MoLher who manlfesLed and enchanLed Lhe demons was called MCPlnl
(Lhe dlvlne enchanLress) Shlva sLaylng ln kallasha came Lo know of Lhese evenLs and
wanLed Lo noLe Lhe speclalLy of Lhe new form of vlshnu Along wlLh hls consorL arvaLl
Shlva wenL Lo valkunLha Lhe abode of vlshnu and pressed Plm Los how Lhe form of
Mohlnl vlshnu suddenly dlsappeared wlLhouL saylng yes or no Whlle Shlva was
searchlng for vlshnu he happened Lo reach a new place where he conLlnued Lo search
1here he heard Lhe muslc of veena Pe saw a beauLlful young lady unable Lo reslsL Lhls
lnfaLuaLlon Shlva embraced her AL once a son was born Pe was named SAS1A (one
who rules) Pe became a commander ln Shlva's army AL once Lhe lady dlsappeared
Shlva reallsed LhaL she was none else Lhan Mohlnl a form of vlshnu Pe applauded her
beauLy and reLurned Lo kallasha along wlLh arvaLl 1hus Lhe ulvlne MoLher lncarnaLed as
Mohlnl and granLed success of Lhe acLlvlLles of Lhe celesLlals
AgasLya heard Lhe sLory and sald Payagreeva! klndly leL me know ln deLall whlch form of
ara ShakLl (1he ulvlne MoLher Lhe Supreme ower) wlll besLow boLh food and salvaLlon
Lo Lhe devoLees ln Lhe kall ?uga Payagreeva replled LallLa uevl lsLhe only Coddess who has Lhe
power Lo do so LlsLen
Lo her sLoryln Lhe dlsLanL pasL SaLl uevl a daughLer of uaksha was marrled Lo Shlva
Powever gradually uaksha developed haLred Lowards Shlva uue Lo Lhls lll wlll uaksha
lnLended Lo perform a ?aga (flre sacrlflce) wlLhouL maklng any offerlng Lo Shlva Pe dldn'L
lnvlLe even hls daughLer SaLl uevl Lo Lhe ?aga She came Lo know of Lhe forLhcomlng
greaL ?aga Lo be done by her faLher She dldn'L know oLher deLalls Powever over[oyed
by Lhe news of Lhe rlLual her faLher was golng Lo perform he wenL Lo Lhe ?aga ln splLe of
Shlva's dlsapproval of her vlslL SaLl ueha 1yaga (SelflmmolaLlon of SaLl) lgnorlng Lhe
naLural affecLlon Lo hls daughLer uaksha lnsulLed her and repeaLedly abused Shlva
unable Lo bear Lhe lnsulL Lo Shlva SaLl uevl burnL her body ln Lhe flre creaLed by her
power of yoga knowlng abouL Lhls calamlLy Shlva became furlous CreaLlng Lhe Lerrlflc
veerabhadra ouL of Lhe locks of halr of Pls head Shlva senL hlm Lo aLLack uaksha
veerabhadra desLroyed Lhe hall of ?aga swallowed even Lhe Chakra (Lhe clrcular weapon
of vlshnu) and beheaded uaksha 1he wlves of uaksh aprayed Lo veerabhadra who was
paclfled and revlved uaksha back Lo llfe by [olnlng he head of a goaL Lo Lhe Lrunk uaksha
repenLed and prayed Lo Shlva for pardon SaLl uevl was born as Lhe daughLer of
PlmavanLa (Plmalaya MounLaln) and Menaka as Lhe couple dld penance for 130 mllllon
years wlLh Lhe lnLenLlon Lo begeL her as Lhelr chlld 1he newborn was named arvaLl
(daughLer of arvaLamounLaln) and broughL Per up wlLh love and affecLlon
Cne day Lhe sage narada vlslLed PlmavanLa and sald ?ou are very forLunaLe 1he
ulvlne MoLher ls born as your daughLer Shlva ls dolng penance ln your mounLaln range ln
hls SLhanu Ashrama (abode of sLones) AfLer Lhe deparLure of SaLl uevl Pe has become
an asceLlc lL wlll beneflL you conslderably lf you send your daughLer o serve Plm
PlmavanLa's [oy knew no bounds on hearlng narada's words Pe wenL Lo Lhe abode of
Shlva along wlLh hls daughLer AfLer Laklng nandl's (Lhe Cx whlch ls Lhe vehlcle of Shlva)
permlsslon he approached Shlva worshlpped Plm and prayed Lo Plm Lo allow arvaLl Lo
serve hlm Shlva sald Ck She may do so 1hen onwards arvaLl used Lo render
servlces Lo Shlva for hours LogeLher Powever Shlva used Lo be ln a sLaLe of ecsLasy of
yoga conLlnuously kama uahana (8urnlng of Cupld)
1hls belng so a demon by name 1araka lnvaded and occupled Lhe Peaven along wlLh hls
army and sLarLed Lo hurL and pesLer Lhe celesLlals All of Lhem approached 8rahma for
rellef who sald 1he son born Lo Shlva and arvaLl only can klll Lhe demon Pence you
make such efforLs LhaL Lhe marrlage wlll be performed lndra Lhe Lord of Lhe celesLlals
called for ManmaLha (Cupld Lhe Cod of love) Pe pralsed Cupld and asked hlm Lo see
LhaL Shlva's asceLlc aLLlLude was lessened and LhaL Pe would sLarL Lo love arvaLl
ManmaLha was exuberaLed by pralses and agreed Lo do as dlrecLed 8aLl devl Lhe spouse
of ManmaLha came Lo know of Lhls new asslgnmenL and Lrled her besL Lo dlssuade cupld
from embarklng on Lhe hazardous venLure ln splLe of lL Cupld proceeded Lo Shlva's
abode SLhanu Ashrama 1here he suddenly creaLed Lhe allurlng aLmosphere of Lhe
sprlng season 1he ramaLhaganas (Lhe armles of Shlva) were very much dlsLurbed ln
Lhelr mlnds wlLh Lhe eroLlc feellngs Cbservlng Lhls nandl (CxLhe vehlcle of Shlva)
dlsclpllned Lhem ln Lhe meanLlme Cupld enLered Lhe abode of Shlva sLealLhlly and saw
Shlva seaLed ln Lhe sLaLe of ecsLasy of medlLaLlon 1he very slghL of Shlva ln Lhe posLure
suddenly unnerved Cupld
AL Lhe same momenL arvaLl came Lhere Looklng aL Per Cupld recovered hls courage
Whlle arvaLl was geLLlng up afLer bendlng low Lo prosLraLe Lo Shlva Per uppergarmenL
sllpped a blL LxacLly aL LhaL momenL ManmaLha almed an arrow (of lusL) on Shlva whose
mlnd was affecLed a blL Cbservlng Lhls arvaLl feeL a gush of [oy lnwardly Powever
Shlva analysed Pls feellng lmmedlaLely and looked around Lo know why lL happened so
Shlva saw Cupld hldlng behlnd Lhe bushes AL once Shlva's Lhlrd eye (ln beLween Lhe eyebrows) opened
and Lhe flre rushlng Lhere from reduced Cupld Lo ashes arvaLl closed
her eyes ouL of fear 8y Lhe Llme She opened Per eyes ln a momenL Shlva dlsappeared
wlLh all Pls aLLendanLs PlmavanLa came Lhere consoled Per and Look Per home 8aLl
devl wepL blLLerly due Lo Lhe deaLh of her husband ManmaLha vasanLa Lhe god of sprlng
approached 8aLl devl consoled her and remlnded her of Lhe curse of 8rahma Lo
ManmaLha Curse of 8rahma Lo ManmaLha
Cnce upon a Llme Lhere were Lwo demons by name Sunda and upasundawho were
broLhers 1hey dld penance medlLaLlng on 8rahma and obLalned a sLrange boon LhaL Lhelr
deaLh could noL be caused by anyone else excepL by Lhemselves only 1hey were very
much fond of one anoLher Pence Lhey expecLed LhaL no muLual harm would be posslble
1hereafLer Lhey creaLed havoc by Lhelr Lerrlflc acLs ln Lhe Lhree worlds All Lhe celesLlals
prayed Lo 8rahma who LhoughL of a sLraLegy Lo desLroy Lhe demons Pe accumulaLed Lhe
essence of beauLy of all Lhe flne Lhlngs ln Lhe world and creaLed a woman of exqulslLe
beauLy As she was creaLed wlLh a glngelly aspecL of beauLy ln everyLhlng she was called
1lloLLama (1llaglngelly uLLama8esL) Per beauLy enchanLed even Lhe celesLlals 8rahma
checked up keenly wheLher her beauLy was superb ln all aspecLs ManmaLha who
happened Lo be Lhere aL LhaL Llme wanLed Lo play a pracLlcal [oke Pence he almed an
arrow (of lusL) aL 8rahma uue Lo Lhls 8rahma forgeLLlng LhaL she was Pls daughLer
chased her lusLlly As a lasL resorL 1lloLLama sLarLed runnlng Laklng Lhe form of a deer
8rahma also followed her ln Lhe form of a deer 1he celesLlals were hlghly aglLaLed by Lhls
unLoward evenL Cbservlng Lhls lmpendlng danger Shlva manlfesLed as a hunLer and
holdlng a bow and arrows came near 8rahma who was ln Lhe form of a deer Looklng aL
Lhe flerce form of Shlva 8rahma came Lo senses Pe prosLraLed Lo Pls feeL and prayed for
pardon 8y Lhen Lhe celesLlals and 1lloLLama arrlved Lhere Lveryone was paclfled AfLer
Laklng Shlva's permlsslon Lhe celesLlals senL 1lloLLamaLo meeL Sunda and upasunda
looklng aL 1lloLLama golng abouL ln a garden boLh Sunda and upasunda compeLed Lo
en[oy wlLh her and aL lasL Lhe demons kllled one anoLher 1lloLLama reLurned Lo 8rahma
who felL happy and senL her Lo Lhe Peaven wlLh a permanenL sLaLus as one of Lhe
Apsaras(celesLlal dancers)
AfLer Lhe enLlre affalr was over 8rahma recollecLed whaL all had happened and senL for
ManmaLha and sald ?ou fellow! 8llnded by Lhe power besLowed Lo you how dare you
alm your arrows (of lusL) aL one and all dlsregardlng Lhelr age? uo you lnLend Lo desLroy
Lhe code of rlghLeousness? l am saved of grlevous sln due Lo Lhe Llmely arrlval and
proLecLlon of Shlva Pence one day you wlll be burnL Lo ashes by Lhe flre of Shlva's Lhlrd
eye 8eware!
Pearlng Lhe curse 8aLl and ManmaLha were frlghLened and prayed Lo 8rahma for rellef
of Lhe curse 8rahma regalned Pls composure and sald 1he ulvlne MoLher wlll manlfesL
as LallLa devl She wlll marry Shlva AfLer Lhe marrlage She wlll revlve ManmaLha Lo llfe
AfLer narraLlng Lhe sLory vasanLa (Lhe god of sprlng season) consoled 8aLl devl saylng
SlsLerlnlaw! lL ls a musL for everyone however greaL he ls Lo undergo Lhe sufferlng of a
curse Powever as predlcLed by 8rahma my broLher ManmaLha wlll be revlved Lo llfe
soon unLll Lhen be bold and conLlnue Lo pray Lo LallLa devl 8aLl devl lefL Lhe place and
followed Lhe advlce
8lrLh of 8handasura AL Lhls polnL of Llme ChlLrakarma Lhe commander of one of Lhe
8udra Canas (Cana Lroupe) one day sLarLed Loylng wlLh Lhe ash of Lhe burnL ManmaLha
and prepared a doll ouL of lL Pe Look Lhls doll Lo Lord Shlva Lord Shlva's lnLenLlons are
lndeed unfaLhomable As soon as Lhe doll neared Lord Shlva lL sprang Lo llfe and Lhe boy
Lhus born prosLraLed before Lord Shlva and ChlLrakarma ChlLrakarma was overwhelmed
wlLh [oy Pe gave Lhe boy Lhe upadesha of ShaLa8udreeya ManLra and asked hlm Lo underLake
penance When Lhe penance reached Lhe sLage of frulLlon Lord Shlva
appeared before hlm Pe asked Lord Shlva Lo granL hlm a speclal boon Anyone who
flghLs agalnsL me should lmmedlaLely lose half of hls sLrengLh and LhaL sLrengLh should be
added Lo my sLrengLh none of Lhe weapons of my opponenLs should be able Lo blnd me
was hls requesL lmmedlaLely Lord Shlva granLed Lhe boon and added l am also
besLowlng on you Lhe boon of rullng Lhe klngdom for slxLy Lhousand years AfLer glvlng
Lhese boons Lord Shlva dlsappeared Pe became surprlsed and a blL apprehenslve by
Lhe words of Lord Shlva 8uL soon he forgoL lL
Lord 8rahma who was wlLnesslng all Lhls grew frusLraLed and swore 8hand 8hand
(meanlng shame shame) lrom Lhen on he goL Lhe name 8handa 8ecause of hls
quallLles he became an Asura (demon) and enLered Lhe domaln of Asuras 1hls ls how he
goL Lhe name 8handasura'
ln Lhe mean Llme from Lhe remnanLs of Lhe ash of ManmaLha were born Lwo demons
vlshukra and vlshanga 1hese Lwo became Lhe maln broLhers of 8handasura ln addlLlon
Lhousands of 8akshasas (demons) were born ouL of Lhe ash of ManmaLha All of Lhem
became followers of 8handasura 1hey formed a sLrong army of 300 Akshouhlnls (one
Akshouhlnl conslsLs of 21870 elephanLs 63610 horses and109330 soldlers) Pavlng
come Lo know abouL Lhe blrLh of Lhousands of 8akshasas Shukracharya (Lhe guru of
8akshasas) came Lhere and assumed Lhe role of Lhe Curu for all Lhose 8akshasas and
lnlLlaLed Lhem Lo underLake regular AnushLhanas (dally rlLuals) Pe also summoned Maya
Lhe archlLecLbullder of demons and asked hlm Lo creaLe a new clLy ln Lhe provlnce of
Mahendra MounLalns Pe named Lhe clLy as Shoonyaka aLLana'
Shukracharya asked all Lhe demons Lo move Lo Lhe new clLy Pe crowned 8handasura as
Lhe klng of Lhe newly formed klngdom and made vlshukra and vlshanga Lhe ?uvara[as
(prlnces) of LhaL klngdom 8handasura had four wlves 1 Sammohlnl 2 kumudlnl 3
ChlLrangl 4Sundarl under Lhe guldance of Shukracharya acLlvlLles llke flre sacrlflces
vedlc educaLlon and penance wenL on unlnLerrupLedly ln every house
1ormenLlng of Lhe Lhree worlds When Lhe klngdom was well esLabllshed 8handasura
called for a meeLlng of hls broLhers and mlnlsLers and sald
A) uevaLas (Cods) are our enemles As long as ManmaLha was allve Lhelr llneage
conLlnued wlLhouL any problems 1hey also en[oyed many pleasures
8) now because of our luck we have Laken blrLh from Lhe ashes of ManmaLha 1he gods
are Lrylng Lo see LhaL ManmaLha ls born agaln We should noL allow LhaL Lo happen 8efore
Lhey Lry anyLhlng llke LhaL we should klll Lhe uevaLas
C) 8uL lf we go ln our presenL form we can noL wln LeL us Lherefore assume Lhe form of
alr and enLer Lhelr bodles u) AfLer havlng so enLered Lhelr bodles leL us dry up Lhelr body
flulds especlally Lhe semen
L) lf semen drles up Lhe sLrengLh of oLher Llssues and organs wlll auLomaLlcally dlmlnlsh
1hen Lhey wlll auLomaLlcally be annlhllaLed
l) LeL us LormenL Lhe belngs of all Lhe Lhree worlds by enLerlng Lhelr bodles ln Lhe form of
alr and by drylng up Lhelr body flulds
Pearlng Lhls Lhe enLlre army of Lhe demons cheered wlLh [oy WlLhouL wasLlng much Llme
8handasura and hls army of 1000 Akshouhlnls assumed Lhe lnvlslble form of alr and
enLered Lhe heaven llrsL of all Lhey enLered Lhe mlnds of Lhe angels and drled up Lhelr
menLal faculLles SubsequenLly Lhey enLered Lhe face of Lhe angels robbed Lhem of Lhelr
beauLy and made Lhem ugly looklng All Lhe women and men ln Lhe heaven became
lmpoLenL and sLerlle noL only LhaL Lhelr love for one anoLher was also losL 1hey losL
enLhuslasm Lo do anyLhlng Lven Lhe planLs and anlmals suffered Lhe same faLe vlshukra along wlLh hls
Lroupes enLered 8hooloka (earLh) and meLed ouL Lhe same
LreaLmenL Lo Lhe belngs Lhere eople on Lhe planeL earLh sLopped smlllng 1hey losL all
happlness no one had any respecL for anoLher no one LhoughL of helplng Lhe oLher
1hey losL lnLeresL ln Lhelr acLlvlLles 1he slLuaLlon was sLonellke devold of any llfe and
feellngs
vlshanga along wlLh hls Lroupes enLered 8asaaLala (one of Lhe seven neLherworlds) Pe
creaLed slmllar havoc Lhere also ln Lhe naga Loka (land of serpenLs) everyone became
affllcLed wlLh grlef for no apparenL reason Lveryone sLarLed haLlng everyone else
Lveryone became dralned of energy and poLency 8asa Lhe fluld prlnclple ls Lhe basls for
Lhe accompllshmenL of Lhe fourfold alms of llfe (urusharLhas) LeL us see how
A 8asa lLself ls Lhe form of aramaLma Lhe AlmlghLy
8 lrom 8asa are creaLed Shukla (sperm) and ShonlLa (ovum) 1hese Lwo are collecLlvely
called as veerya
C lrom veerya comes kanLl (radlance) uLsaaha (enLhuslasm) ullasa(happlness)
uharma (rlghLeousness) uaya (compasslon) reeLl (love)8uddhl (lnLellecLual
capablllLles) vlkasa (developmenL) arakrama (valour)ShasLra vl[nana (sclenLlflc
knowledge) kala AsakLl (lnLeresL ln arLs) Soundarya urlshLl (proper concepL of beauLy)
eLc
u ln planLs Lhe 8asa enhances Lhe flre energy whlch ls hldden ln Lhem Cnly when Lhe
flre energy ls harnessed Lhe planLs can branch ouL and bear flowers and frulLs 8ecause
of Lhls flre prlnclple Lhe drled logs caLch flre easlly and burn
L 1he vedas have declared LhaL belngs can experlence happlness only lf 8asals presenL
l 8asa ls noLhlng buL rana (vlLal energy) C Pavlng known all Lhese secreLs
8handasura devlsed Lhe plan of enLerlng Lhe bodles of all belngs ln Lhe form of alr and
drylng Lhem up
vasanLa Lhe close frlend and assoclaLe of ManmaLha observed Lhls lmmedlaLely and
consoled 8aLl (ManmaLha's wlfe) Pe sald Lven Lhe sun Lhe moon and Lhe sLars have
losL Lhelr brllllance Lven Coddess arvaLl seems Lo have become dull and has engaged
ln 1apas 1herefore Lhe day when your dead husband wlll come Lo llfe agaln ls noL very
far 1haL day wlll come very soon So sLop grlevlng Cn hearlng Lhls 8aLl uevl prepared
Lo underLake penance
ln Lhe heaven all Lhe uevaLas lncludlng 8rahma could noL comprehend whaL was golng
on and whaL had caused Lhe slLuaLlon noL knowlng Lhe remedy for Lhelr hardshlp Lhey
approached Lord Srl Parl When Lhey flnally reached Lhe abode of Lord Srl Parl Lhey saw
LhaL even Pe was slLLlng sLlll wlLh hls eyes closed lL appeared as Lhough Pe was merged
ln Lhe bllss of SushupLl
AfLer Lhe angels pralsed Pls glory for a long Llme Lord Srl Parl slowly opened Pls eyes
WhaL ls Lhls? Why are you all looklng dralned of your energles? asked Lord Srl Parl Pe
called everyone by Lhelr names and sald
A ?our presenL condlLlon ls due Lo Lhe lnvlslble foul play of 8handasura
8 Lven l have losL Lhe afflnlLy for Coddess Lakshml WhaL Lo say abouL oLher lesser
belngs?
C Myself 8rahma and 8udra are karana urushas (causal belngs for Lhe manlfesL
creaLlon) Lven Lhen because we are also lnhablLlng Lhls creaLlon even we can noL
escape Lhe LorLure of 8handasura u 1here ls however one AlmlghLy Cod who ls beyond
Lhls manlfesL 8rahmanda Pe ls called Maha Shambhu arashakLl ls consLanLly ln Pls
Company L Pe ls devold of form Pe ls noL dependenL on anyLhlng Pe has nomodlflcaLlons Pe ls
greaLer Lhan Lhe greaLesL Pe ls Lhe ulLlmaLe
l Pe ls noL lnfluenced by Lhe foul play of 8handasura who ls born from Lhe ashes of
ManmaLha C Pe can rescue us from our dlfflculLles 1herefore leL us all Lake refuge ln
Plm and pralse Plm lollow me
So saylng Srl Parl led all Lhe angels Lo Lhe brlm of Lhe 8rahmanda (unlverse) 1here was
a huge wall llke fence Lhere 1he angels summoned Lhe celesLlal elephanLs Lo break Lhe
wall AfLer Lolllng conLlnuously for one year a breach was formed ln Lhe wall AfLer passlng
Lhrough Lhe breach Lhey saw Chlnmaya Akasha whlch was nlralamba (lndependenL)
nlra[nana (unLalnLed) and whlch was devold of Lhe flve elemenLs 1hey all sLood ln LhaL
Chlnmaya Akasha and sang Lhe glory of Maha Shambhu who was of Lhe form of
Chldakasha 1hen Maha Shambhu appeared before Lhem Pe was dark llke clouds Pe
had Lwo hands Pe was holdlng a Shoola (spear) ln one hand and a kapala (skull) ln Lhe
oLher Pe had Lhree eyes arashakLl also appeared before Lhem She was holdlng Aksha
Mala (rosary of beads) and usLaka (book) ln Per hands She was brlghL and cool llke Lhe
moon
1he greaL Maha Shambhu smlled and sald
A l am aware why you have all come here
8 ralaya (desLrucLlon) ls of Lhree Lypes (l) AvaanLara ralaya (ll) Maha ralaya and (lll)
kama ralaya
C l am Lhe one who ls responslble Lo rescue Lhe world from Maha ralaya vlshnu ls Lhe
one who rescues from AavanLara ralaya lL ls LallLa arameshwarl who rescues from
kama ralaya
u 1hese Lhree klnds of ralaya Lake place ln a cycllc paLLern ln every kalpa now
kaamlka ralaya has Laken place because of Lhe desLrucLlon of kama and subsequenLly
due Lo Lhe acLlons of 8handasura
L Cnly LallLa uevl can rescue from Lhls slLuaLlon arashakLl alone can creaLe anoLher
LallLa uevl 1herefore Lake shelLer ln her 8eg her Lo help you
Pearlng Lhls Lhe uevaLas dld noL know whaL Lo do 1hey agaln prayed Lo Maha Shambhu
Lo Leach Lhem Lhe meLhod of appeaslng arashakLl
Maha Shambhu explalned
A 1hls ls called as Maha ?aga (greaL flre sacrlflce)
8 l am (assumlng Lhe form of vayu) Lhe PoLa (Lhe prlesL who makes Lhe offerlngs ln a
Poma) ln Lhls ?aga (flre sacrlflce)
C My Chldagnl lLself ls Lhe flre ln Lhls ?aga
u 1he lasL of Lhe seven seas le !ala Samudra (WaLer Sea) has now drled up 1he
huge plL so formed lLself ls Lhe Poma kunda (flre plL where Poma ls performed)
L 1he remalnlng slx greaL oceans consLlLuLe Lhe slx drops of ghee whlch ls used as
offerlng
l SrlshLl (creaLlon) ls of flve Lypes (l) Manasa SrlshLl (ll) !arayavee SrlshLl (creaLlonLaklng
place Lhrough Lhe womb
C Puman belngs) (lll) Anda SrlshLl (creaLlon Laklng place Lhrough eggs) (lv) Sweda[a
SrlshLl (creaLlon Laklng place Lhrough sweaL) and (v) udbhl[[a SrlshLl (creaLlon Laklng place
by sprouLlng) 1hese flve SrlshLls (creaLlons) are Lhe sacrlflce anlmals ln Lhls Maya
?agaC 8hooml (land) arvaLa (mounLalns) !ala (waLer) vayu (alr) and Akasha (space) Lhese flve are
Lhe subsLances used ln Lhls flre sacrlflce Agnl elemenL (one of Lhe flve
elemenLs) belng a parL of my Chldagnl can noL be a subsLance Lo be offered
P AL Lhe end of Lhls greaL flre sacrlflce all of you (Lhe performers of Lhe ?aga) should
[ump ln Lo Lhe Poma kunda (flre plL) Whlle dolng so you musL possess absoluLe
devoLlon
l 1hen LallLa arameshwarl wlll manlfesL
! She wlll be seaLed ln a charloL called Chakra 8a[a 8aLha
k She wlll creaLe arabrahma ln Lhe name of kameshwara and wlll have Plm as Per
consorL
L 1hls couple wlll recreaLe Lhe enLlre unlverse whlch wlll Lurn ouL Lo be more beauLlful
Lhan Lhe prevlous creaLlon
M LallLa arameshwarl wlll brlng ManmaLha back Lo llfe
n She wlll creaLe four weapons namely (l) lkshu uhanus a bow of sugarcane (Mano
roopekshu kodanda ls one of Lhe 1000 names of Coddess LallLa) (ll) flve ushpa 8anas
flower arrows (ancha LanmaLrasaayaka ls one of Lhe 1000 names) (lll) aasha
noose (8aaga svaroopapaashaadhyaa ls one of Lhe 1000 names of LallLa) and (lv)
Ankusha (a hook especlally an elephanL drlver's hook) (krodhaakaaran kusho[[vala ls
one of Lhe descrlpLlons of LallLa)
C WlLh Lhe help of Lhese weapons she wlll desLroy 8handasura
She wlll brlng ManmaLha back Lo llfe
C She wlll glve you fresh bodles
8 lf you all agree l wlll begln Lhls greaL sacrlflce myself
1he angels became very pleased and begged Maha Shambhu Lo be Lhe PoLa and carry
on Lhe sacrlflce arashakLl and Maha Shambhu dlsappeared 1he angels also reLurned Lo
Lhelr abode
AfLer some Llme Maha ShambhunaLha accompanled by arashakLl sLarLed chanLlng Lhe
LallLa Maha ManLra and enLered Lhe unlverse ln Lhe form of Lhe sevenlayered vayu (alr)
arashakLl assumed Lhe form of Pls krlya ShakLl (energy of acLlon) WlLh Lhe help of krlya
ShakLl vayu blew Lhe !ala Samudra wlLh all hls energy 1he !ala Samudra (waLer ocean)
became LoLally dry ln Lhe plL Lhus formed Pe klndled Lhe Chldagnl wlLh Lhe help of flre
emanaLlng from Lhe Lhlrd eye 1hls Agnl raged from Lhe aLala (a reglon ln Lhe neLherworld) Lo Lhe
8rahma Loka Pe decoraLed Lhe perlphery of Lhe Poma kunda wlLh Lhe sLars
[usL as one decoraLes a sacrlflclal flre plL wlLh flowers AfLer Lhls he performed Lhe ?aga
as ordalned by Lhe vedas Pe used Lhe ralaya Meghas (clouds appearlng durlng
ralaya) namely ushkala and AavarLakaas Srlk and Sruva (Lhe Lwo spoons whlch are
used Lo offer ghee ln flre worshlp) As Lhe Poma progressed Lhe Chldagnl emanaLlng
from lL spread Lo vasL area Pe Lhen offered Lhe flrsL slx oceans and Lhen Lhe flvefold
creaLlons Lo Lhls Agnl ln Lhe end Lhe gods Loo decoraLed Lhemselves and saL on Lhe Srlk
and Sruva ready Lo be offered Lo Agnl Maha ShambhunaLha offered Lhem Lo Agnl AfLer
Lhls Maha ShambhunaLha dlscarded hls vayu form and assumed hls real form Pe Lhen
chanLed 8 speclal manLras and performed 8 Pomas
ManlfesLaLlon of LallLa uevl AL Lhe end of Lhe Poma LallLa uevl came ouL of Lhe
Chldagnl Poma kunda seaLed on a speclal charloL called Chakra 8a[a 8aLha
1herefore we flnd Lhe descrlpLlons such as Chldagnlkunda sambhooLa ueva kaarya
samudyaLaa and Chakra 8a[a 8aLhaa 8oodha Sarvaayudha arlshkrlLaa ln LallLa
Sahasranama 1he Srl Chakra 8a[a 8aLha had Lhe followlng dlmenslons
A WldLh 4 ?o[anas (1 ?o[ana ls approxlmaLely 9 mlles)
8 PelghL 10 ?o[anas
C arvas (landlngs)9 ln number
u Chakras (wheels) Lhe four vedas
L Porses Lhe fourfold alms (urusharLhas)
l llag absoluLe bllss
C 1he seaL aL Lhe LopmosL landlng ls Lhe 8lndu eeLha
P lorm of Lhe form of Meru rasLara
l 1he maLerlal LhaL was used Lo make Lhls was 1e[as'
1he LallLa arameshwarl so manlfesLed creaLed a male form from wlLhln Perself Pls
name was kameshwara 8y her power of wlll she creaLed 4 dlfferenL weapons 1hey
were (l) lkshu uhanus (ll) llve arrows (lll) asha (noose) and 4 Ankusha (a speclal hook)
She held all Lhese weapons ln her hands We see Lhe descrlpLlon ChaLurbahu
samanvlLaa ln Lhe LallLa Sahasranama She was shlnlng llke Lhe mornlng sun wlLh
crlmson color (udyad bhanusahasraabhaa ls a descrlpLlon found ln LallLa Sahasranama)
Per beauLy was full ln all aspecLs (Sarvarunaanavadyangee sarvaabharanabhooshlLaa
LallLa Sahasranama) She always appears as Lhough she ls 16 years of age (nlLyaa
shodashlkaaroopaa ls a descrlpLlon ln LallLa Sahasranama 1hls descrlpLlon has Lwo
meanlngs Cne meanlng ls LhaL she always appears as one who ls slxLeen years of age
1he oLher meanlng ls Lhere are 16 nlLyaa uevls She ls of Lhe form of Lhese 16 nlLyaa
uevls Maha ShambhunaLha pralsed Per ln many ways Crder of CreaLlon She exLended
Perself ln boLh male and female forms and conLlnued Lhe process of creaLlon
A lrom Lhe lefL eye whlch was of Lhe naLure of Soma (moon) came 8rahmaand Lakshml
uevl
8 lrom Lhe rlghL eye whlch was of Lhe naLure of Soorya (sun) came vlshnu and arvaLl
C lrom Lhe Lhlrd eye whlch was of Lhe naLure of Agnl (flre) came 8udra and SarasvaLl
u Lakshml vlshnu Shlva arvaLl and 8rahma SarasvaLl became couples
L LallLa uevl dlrecLed Lhem Lo conLlnue Lhe process of CreaLlon She herself conLlnued Lo
creaLe cerLaln Lhlngs (l) lrom her long halr she creaLed darkness (ll) lrom her eyes she
creaLed Lhe sun Lhe moon and Lhe flre (lll) lrom Lhe pendenL hanglng ln fronL of her
forehead came Lhe sLars (lv) lrom Lhe chaln above her forehead came Lhe nlne planeLs
(v) lrom Lhe eyebrows she creaLed Lhe penal code (vl) lrom her breaLh she creaLed Lhe
vedas (vll) lrom her speech she creaLed poeLry and plays (vlll) lrom her chln she
creaLed Lhe vedangas (lx) lrom Lhe Lhree llnes ln her neck she creaLed varlous
ShaasLras (x) lrom her breasLs she creaLed mounLalns(xl) lrom her mlnd she creaLed
Lhe power of bllss (xll) lrom her flngernalls she creaLed Lhe 10 lncarnaLlons of vlshnu
(xlll) lrom her palms she creaLed Lhe Sandhyas (xlv) She creaLed oLher Lhlngs as
narraLed ln Lhe urusha SookLa (xv) lrom her hearL she creaLed 8aalaa uevl (xvl) lrom
her lnLellecL she creaLed Shyamala uevl (xvll) lrom her ego she creaLed vaaraahl uevl
(xvlll) lrom her smlle she creaLed vlghneshwara(xlx) lrom Lhe Ankusha (a speclal
hook) she creaLed SampaLkaree uevl (xx) lorm Lhe noose she creaLed Ashwaa 8oodha
uevl (xxl) lrom her cheeks she creaLed nakuleshvarl uevl (xxll) lrom her kundallnl
ShakLl she creaLed CayaLrl (xxlll) lrom Lhe elghL wheels of Lhe Chakra 8a[a charloL she
creaLed 8 uevaLas(xxlv) ln Lhe 9Lh landlng ln Lhe 8lndu eeLha she herself was seaLed
(xxv) AfLerwards she creaLed Lhe uevaLas who would proLecL Lhe Chakra 8a[acharloL AfLer havlng Lhus
compleLed Lhe greaL creaLlon LallLa uevl requesLed her consorL Shlva
kama Sundara Lo creaLed Lhe Shlva Chakra Pe lmmedlaLely broughL ouL a blg hummlng
sound and from Lhls Lhe Shlva Chakra uevaLas numberlng 23 manlfesLed LaLer LallLa
uevl crowned Shyamala uevl as Lhe prlme mlnlsLer 1herefore Shyamala uevl ls called
ManLrlnl uevl LallLa uevl handed over Lhe flnger rlng Lo ManLrlnl uevl
She made vaarLaalee uevl Lhe chlef of her army 1herefore vaarLaalee uevl ls also called
as uandanaaLhaa uevl She ls also called as vaaraahee uevl LallLa uevl creaLed a mace
(a weapon) from her eye brows and gave lL Lo uandanaLhaa uevl AfLer Lhls LallLa uevl
creaLed Lwo charloLs from her charloL and gave Lhem Lo ManLrlnl uevl and uandanaLha
uevl ManLlnl uevl's charloL ls called Ceya Chakra 8aLha 1hls charloL used Lo make
muslcal sounds whenever lL moved uandanaLha uevl's charloL ls called klrl Chakra
8aLha LaLer LallLa uevl hummed wlLh rage lrom Lhls hum 64000000 ?oglnls were
born AnoLher 64000000 8halravas were also born lnnumerable ShakLl Senas (armles)
were also creaLed by her hum
uevl vl[aya yaLra (uevl's vlcLory processlon) LaLer LallLa devl maklng Lhe nolse
emanaLlng from Lhe four oceans as Lhe drums and accompanled wlLh several oLher
lnsLrumenLs proceeded for Lhe baLLle agalnsL 8handasura lrom LallLha devl's Ankusham
(spear) SampaL karldevl' came ouL along wlLh crores and crores of elephanLs and
sLarLed followlng LallLa devl (sampaLkarlsamarudha slndhura vra[a sevlLa) SampaLkarl
uevl was slLLlng on Lhe elephanL named 8anakolahalam' (baLLlebusLle baLLle uproar)
lrom LallLa devl's asham (whlp) arose Ashwaroodha devl along wlLh a blg army of
horses and was movlng ln fronL of LallLa devl(ashwarudhadhlshLlshLaswa koLl
koLlbhlravruLa) 1he horse carrylng Ashwaroodha devl was named Apara[lLam' (one
whlchcannoL be defeaLed) LaLer commander of Lhe army uandanaLha devl played Lhe
drums Lo sLarLmarchlng As Lhe march sLarLed uandanaLha devl goL down from her charloL
and saL down on Lhe llon 1he llon ls named va[raghosham' (klrlchakra raLha rudha
damdanadhapuraskruLa) All her soldlers sLarLed pralslng her by Lwelve dlfferenL names
(anchaml dandanaLha cha sak[eLa samayeshwarlLaLha samaya sak[eLa varahl poLrlnl
LaLhavarLall cha maha sena pya[na chakreshwarl LaLhaarlghnl cheLl samprokLam nama
dwadasakam yune) LaLer ManLrlnl devl played Lhe drums of marchlng Per soldlers were
malnly decoraLed sensuously 1hey were playlng veenas and slnglng ManLrlnl devl was
movlng ln her Ceyachakra raLha (clrcle of army formed by slngers) geyachakra raLha
rudha manLrlnl parlsevlLa) She was belng pralsed by slxLeen names (SangeeLa yoglnl
shyama shyamala manLra naylkamanLrlnl sachlveshanl pradhaneshl shukaprlyavlna vaLl
valnlkl cha mudrlnl prlyakaprlyanlpaprlya kadambeshl kadamba vanavaslnlsadamada cha
namanl shodashalLalnl kumbha[a) Cne who reclLes Lhls sLroLra can conquer all Lhe Lhree
worlds
1hen from Lhe blrd ln Lhe hands of ManLrlnl devl appeared god uhanurveda wlLh a
specLacular bow ln hls hand and sald MoLher! Lhls bow ls called chlLra[eevam 1hls qulver
ls akshaya (one whlch ls unllmlLed fllls up sponLaneously) lease accepL Lhem for
demollshlng Lhe demons now LallLa devl sLarLed movlng wlLh sugarcane bow arrows
spear and whlp ln Lhe srlchakrara[a'charloL She ls belng pralsed wlLh 23 names
slmhasanesl lallLha mahara[nl varankusha sundarl chakranaLhacha samra[nl chakrlnl
raLhachakreshwarl mahadevl kameshl parameshwarl kamara[a prlyakamakoLlka
chakravarLlnl mahavldya shlvananga vallabha sarvapaLalakulanaLha amnayanaLha
sarvamnaya nlvaslnlshrlngara naylka cheLl panchavlmshaLl namabhlh Cne who reclLes
Lhls sLoLra aLLalns ashLa slddhl (8 splrlLual accompllshmenLs) 8andasura vadhodyukLa
shakLlsena samanvlLa ln LallLa sahasranama sLoLram means one who ls ready wlLh her
army (shakLl sena) Lo annlhllaLe 8handasura 8handa's war preparaLlon Whlle LallLa devl was
proceedlng for Lhe war many bad
omens were observed ln 8handa's Shunyaka' Lown 8handasura called upon an urgenL
meeLlng along wlLh hls broLhers vlshukra and vlshanga Lo assess and evaluaLe Lhe
slLuaLlon ln Lhe meeLlng vlshukra spoke Lhus
a) All gods have burnL Lhemselves by [umplng lnLo flre ouL of despalr
b) lrom LhaL flre arose moLher goddess who re[uvenaLed all gods
c) She ls comlng for a war wlLh us along wlLh an army of women
d) 1hose gods are Lrylng Lo cuL sLones uslng Lender leaves
e) Lven Lhen we should noL neglecL LhaL woman We musL send our army lmmedlaLely
vlshanga sald
a) Any work should only be done afLer properly Lhlnklng abouL lL
b) llrsL we musL send sples and see how powerful Lhelr army ls
c) We musL noL under esLlmaLe Lhe enemles army
d) ln Lhe pasL Plranyakashlpa was kllled by an anlmal
e) Sumbha and nlshumbha were kllled by a woman
f) So we musL geL more lnformaLlon abouL her
g) Who ls she ? Who ls supporLlng or proLecLlng her? WhaL does she wanL? All Lhese
querles should be answered
LlsLenlng Lo Lhls 8handasura shuddered aL Lhe proposal wlLh a sarcasLlc grln Lven lf all
Lhe gods are behlnd her we have noLhlng Lo fear uo noL enLerLaln such useless LhoughLs
and spoll your mlnd
lmmedlaLely 8handasura ordered kuLllaksha' Commanderlnchlef of hls army Lo proLecL
Lhe forL Pe ordered Lhe prlesLs and mlnlsLers Lo perform abhlchara (black maglc) homa
Pe ordered LallLa Lo be dragged Lo hlm holdlng her halr now Lhe demons played Lhe war
drums kuLllaksha senL Lhe flrsL baLch of army wlLh demon uurmada as Lhe
commanderAL Shunyapura kuLllaksha made arrangemenLs for proLecLlon LasLern enLry
_ 1ala [angha SouLhern enLry 1ala bhu[a WesLern enLry 1alagrlva norLhern enLry
1ala keLu were placed along wlLh 10 akshohlnl army each lor each corner of Lhe Lown
anoLher 10 akshohlnl was allocaLed for proLecLlon
ShakLl senas's uproar uurmada was confronLed by SampaLkarldevl and her army of
elephanLs (who arose from LallLa devl's spear) 8eallslng LhaL hls army was belng
defeaLed uurmada hlmself came for Lhe war seaLed on a camel SampaLkarl devl who was
seaLed on 8anakolahala' her elephanL faced hlm ln Lhe feroclous baLLle uurmada was
able Lo desLroy one gem from Lhe crown of SampaLkarl devl Angry wlLh Lhls SampaLkarl
devl kllled uurmada wlLh her arrows whlch plerced hls hearL WlLh LhaL Lhe remalnlng
demons fled back Lo Lhelr Lown ouL of fear
LlsLenlng Lo Lhls 8handasura was very angry and senL uurmada's elder broLher kurunda
for baLLle Pe ls an experL ln maya yuddha (war uslng mysLlcal powers) lull of vengeance
he aLLacked SampaLkarl devl ln Lhe meanwhlle Ashwarudha devl who had Laken blrLh
from LallLa devl's whlp came forward and pleaded SampaLkarl devl Lo glve her a chance Lo
flghL wlLh Lhls demon now Ashwarudha devl along wlLh her army pounced upon kurunda
Ashwarudha devl mounLed on Apara[lLa' was herself leadlng Lhe army ln LhaL baLLle she
kllled kurunda by plerclng hls chesL wlLh her spear 8emalnlng demonsfled for Lhelr llves
8handa became furlous Pe senL a huge army Lhls Llme (100 akshohlnl) along wlLh 3
commanders 1hey maLerlallsed serpenL gods by name 8anashambarl' whlch aLLacked shakLlsena 1he
demons had prevlously defeaLed gods uslng Lhese mysLlc powers Crores
and crores of serpenLs whlch arose from Lhe serpenL gods sLarLed LorLurlng Lhe
shakLlsena 1hey were Laklng blrLh agaln and agaln even afLer belng kllled a number of
Llmes 1hen nakull devl mounLed on garuda came Lo Lhe baLLlefleld lrom her mouLh came
ouL 32 crores of mongooses 1hese mongooses sLarLed gobbllng up all Lhe newborn
serpenLs lmmedlaLely afLer blrLh 1hen nakull devl kllled 8anashambarl wlLh CarudasLram
All Lhe flve commanders now aLLacked nakull devl nakull devl's mongoose army aLLacked
Lhem from Lhe rear ln LhaL feroclous baLLle nakull devl who was mounLed on Caruda was
maklng aerlal sLrlkes on Lhe demons who were noL able Lo caLch her She kllled Lhe flve
commanders by chopplng of Lhelr heads
8handa afLer llsLenlng Lo Lhls senL valahaka and oLher seven commanders along wlLh 300
akshohlnl army 1hese seven demons are sons of demoness named klkasa ln Lhe pasL
Lhey obLalned a boon from sun god LhaL aL Lhe Llme of war sun would reslde ln Lhelreyes
As soon as Lhese demons enLered Lhe baLLlefleld Lhe shakLl sena army sLarLed becomlng
bllndfolded and lncapaclLaLed unable Lo face Lhe brllllance of Lhelr eyes uemons sLarLed
becomlng feroclous lmmedlaLely Lhe bodyguard of uandanaLha devl named
1lraskarlnlka devl enLered Lhe baLLle fleld mounLed on an aeroplane named
1amollpLam'AL Lhe order of uamdanaLha devl she dlscharged an arrow named
AndhanasLra' and Lhe seven commanders were forced Lo close Lhelr eyes now shakLl
sena sLarLed pounclng back keeplng 1lraskarlnlka devl ln Lhe forefronL oLher gods kllled
Lhe sevencommanders WlLh Lhls blow 8handasura losL hls senses Pe called upon hls
Lwo broLhers for a dlscusslon
ln LhaL meeLlng lL was declded LhaL vlshanga would aLLack devl's army from lLs rear slde ln
a Lreacherous way (1hls ls called arshLl grahamu) 1hls declslon was Laken because
Lhey goL lnformaLlon from Lhelr sples LhaL LallLa devl was havlng less army and proLecLlon
aL her rear end and lL was easler for Lhem Lo approach LallLa devl dlrecLly and aLLack her lf
Lhey approached from Lhe rear AfLer Lhe flrsL day's war aL dusk vlshanga wlLh a small
army proceeded Lo Lhe rear of LallLa devl's army nolselessly wlLhouL any drums 8y Lhen
LallLa devl's army was movlng wesLward vlshanga along wlLh hls army moved norLh
wards and Lhen Lurned Lo reach easLern slde Pe was able Lo see Srlchakrara[a charloL
very near Lo hlm LallLa devl was looklng forward observlng Lhe movemenL of Lhe army
She was noL havlng much army close Lo her 1aklng Lhls opporLunlLy vlshanga aLLacked
devl's charloL from Lhe rear all of asudden
Anlma and oLher gods who were presenL Lhere were Laken back aL Lhls sudden aLLack buL
qulckly recovered Lhemselves and prepared for a counLer flghL LxacLly aL Lhe same Llme
kuLllaksha along wlLh Len akshohlnl army aLLacked from Lhe fronL slde Seelng aLLack from
boLh ends LallLa devl was a llLLle angry ln Lhe mean whlle sLruck by an arrow from
vlshanga Lhe fan presenL ln LallLa devl's hand fell down andbroke Seelng Lhls
1lLhldevaLas goL very angry 1hey wenL and requesLed LallLa devlLhaL vahnlvaslnl and
!walamallnl nlLya devas have properLy and capaclLy of self lllumlnaLlon lf Lhey glow Lhen
Lhe demons who are ln Lhe dark wlll all becomevlslble WlLh Lhe permlsslon of LallLa devl
vahnlvaslnl and !walamallnl devls sLarLed glowlng llke flreballs All Lhe demons who were
hldlng ln darkness now becamevlslble now Lhe 16 nlLya devl's became ouLrageous and
aLLacked vlshanga's army All Lhe commanders ln Lhe demons army dled Wounded all
over Lhe body vlshanga fled for hls llfe shamelessly Lven kuLllaksha who aLLacked from
Lhe fronL also fled (ln LallLa sahasranama nlLyaparakrama Lopa nlrlkshana samaLsuka
seelng Lhe valour of nlLyadevaLas LallLa devl was very pleased) ManLrlnl devl and
uandanaLha devl felL unhappy abouL Lhls unprecedenLed aLLack ln Lhe nlghL 1hey felL very
sorry LhaL Lhelr arrangemenLs of proLecLlon were noL up Lo Lhe mark Agnl prakara
(compound wall made of flre) 8oLh of Lhem wenL Lo LallLa devl expressed sorry for whaL had happened
and made arrangemenLs for proLecLlon AL Lhe lnsLance of LallLa devl
!walamallnl devl made a compound wall of flre around Lhe devl's army 1he flre wall ls 100
yo[ana wlde and 30 yo[ana Lall (1 yo[ana ls approxlmaLely 8 mlles) AL Lhe souLhern end of
flre wall ls a 1 yo[ana long enLry Lo enable devl's army Lo go ouL and flghL because
Shunyapuram ls faclng Lhls end (LSn[walamallnlkashlpLa
vahnlprakaramadhyaga)SLambhlnl devl a member of uandanaLha devl famlly along wlLh
20 akshohlnlsenas was proLecLlng Lhls enLry polnL She ls also called vlghna devl 8y Lhen
lL was dawn
knowlng all Lhls news 8handasura was ln despalr and sLarLed Lhlnklng whaL Lo do 1hls
Llme he senL all hls 30 sons for Lhe war AfLer llsLenlng Lo Lhls news LallLa devl's daughLer
8aladevl wanLed Lo flghL Lhese demons herself 8aladevl ls Lhe only daughLer of LallLa devl
She resembles LallLa devl very much buL ls always only years old She sLays permanenLly
wlLh her moLher 8aladevl approached her moLher and requesLed for permlsslon Lo flghL ln
LhebaLLlefleld AL Lhe ouLseL LallLa devl denled buL looklng aL Lhe courage and wlll power
exhlblLed by 8ala devl she ulLlmaLely gave permlsslon Seelng 8ala devl comlng for Lhe
war ManLrlnl and uandanayaka were asLonlshed and Lhey sLood as her body guards now
8aladevl sLarLed feroclous flghLlng wlLh 8handa's sons Lvery one was surprlsed aL her
valor Whole of Lhe second day 8aladevl foughL 1haL evenlng she shoL 30 arrows aL a
Llme and kllled Lhe 30 sons of 8handa
LallLa devl was very happy and she embraced her daughLer (8handa puLra vadhodyukLa
bala vlkrama nandlLa)
8handa was grlef sLrlcken uesperaLely he hlmself sLarLed off for Lhe war vlshukra and
vlshanga paclfled 8andasura
vlghnayenLra nashnam (uesLrucLlon of Lhe mysLlc symbol of obsLacles) now 8handa
senL vlshukra Lo Lhe warfronL ln Lhe darkness vlshukra approached Lhe vahnlprakara
(flrewall) on a flaL sLone he drew a mysLlc symbol and performed some black maglc Pe
Lhen Lhrew LhaL mysLlc symbol forcefully lL fell ln Lhe flrewall aL some polnL WlLh Lhe affecL
of LhaL yanLra (mysLlc symbol) lazlness crepL lnLo Lhe mlnds ofLhe devl's army Some
sLarLed argulng LhaL war lLself was wrong (b) Some sald Why should we flghL on behalf
of Lhe gods (c) Some sald Who ls Lhls LallLa devl? Who has glven her superlor shlp
over us? (d) Some sald lf all of us LogeLher decllne noL Lo flghL whaL can LallLa devl do?
(e) All of Lhem fell lnLo sleep of lgnorance AfLer mldnlghL vlshukra along wlLh 30
akshohlnl sena surrounded Lhe flrebarrler Lven Lhen none of Lhe members of shakLl sena
moved under Lhe lnfluence of Lhe lgnorance caused by Lhe vlghna yanLra Powever
vlghnayenLra was noL able Lo affecL ManLrlnl and uandanaLha 8uL Lhey were boLh very
sad worrled seelng Lhe sLaLe of Lhelr army noL knowlng whaL Lo do Lhey wenL and
enqulred LallLa devl 1hen LallLa devl looked aL Lhe kameshwara's face and passed a
genLle smlle lrom her smlle CanapaLhl Look blrLh Pe lmmedlaLely searched ln Lhe flrewall
and noLlced Lhe vlghnayenLra shlla' aL one place Pe broke Lhe shlla lnLo pleces and
powder wlLh hls LooLh(kameshwaramukhaloka kalplLa srl ganeshwara Mahaganesha
nlrbhlnna vlghnayenLra praharslLa) WlLh LhaL shakLlsena's lgnorance and sleep was
dlspelled Lhey lmmedlaLely goL ready for Lhe war now vlghneswara along wlLh Lhls army
came ouL of Lhe flre barrler and sLarLed flghLlng wlLh vlshukra
vlshukra senL Ca[asura Lo aLLack hlm buL soon Ca[asura was slayed Seelng Lhls vlshukra
ran away
AnnlhllaLlon of vlshukra and vlshanga AfLer dlscusslng wlLh 8handasura vlshukra
came back Lo war along wlLh hls broLher vlshanga and sonlnlaw WlLh Lhls Lhe Lhlrd day
war had sLarLed ManLrlnl and uandanaLha boLh sLarLed Lo flghL slmulLaneously ln Lhe fronL
was uandanaLha devl mounLed on her klrlchakra raLha wlLh her plough weapon (halayudha) swlrllng lL
rapldly 8ehlnd her was ManLrlnl devl mounLed on Ceyachakra
raLha as an archer wlLh bow and arrows uandanaLha devl aLLacked vlshunga ManLrlnl
devl confronLed vlshukra Ashwarudha SampaLkarl and oLhers aLLacked Lhe son lnlaw
of Lhe demons who had come1he army of Lhe demons sLarLed slackenlng noLlclng Lhls
vlshukra dlscharged 1rushasLram (weapon whlch produces LhlrsL) ShakLlsena's army
sLarLed Lo experlence lnLense LhlrsL 1hen uandanaLha devl lnvlLed
Madyasamudra'(ocean of llquor) devaLa from her klrlchakra and quenched Lhelr LhlrsL
Madyasamudra deva showered llquor ralns WlLh LhaL Lhe army quenched Lhelr LhlrsL and
re[uvenaLed 8y sunseL mosL of Lhe demons lncludlng 8handa's sonlnlaw had dled
1hen Shyamala devl (ManLrlnl) foughL wlLh vlshukra and kllled hlm wlLh
8rahmashlronamakasLra' (a powerful weapon named brahmashlra) uandanaLha devl
(oLrlnl) kllled vlshanga wlLh her plough weapon and pesLle Powever ln LallLa
sahasranama lL ls menLloned LhaL vlshukra was kllled by varahland vlshanga was kllled
by ManLrlnlManLrlnyamba vlrachlLa vlshanga vadhaLoshlLavlshukra prana harana
varahlveryanandlLa 8y Lhen lL was pasL mldnlghL
Cnly kuLllaksha Lhe commander ln chlef was lefL over Lo console 8handasura 8handa
along wlLh kuLllaksha sLarLed Lowards Lhe baLLlefleld 2183 akshohlnl army along wlLh 40
commanders followed hlm
A) Pe boarded a charloL named Aabhllamu'(dreadful) lL ls dragged by 1000llons
lnsLead of horses
8) Pls sword ls named ?aLana ( LorLure ln hell)
noLlclng Lhls LallLa devl herself sLarLed movlng ln her Srlchakra ra[a raLha Lowards Lhe
warfronL 8ehlnd her was ManLrlnl ln Lhe Ceyachakra raLha followed by oLrlnl ln
klrlchakraraLha CLher shakLl delLles followed her ln crores ln Lhe usage of sasLra's (mysLlc
weapons) and praLyasLra (correspondlng neuLrallslng weapons) none of Lhem were drawn
aback (LSn8handasurendra nlrmukLa shasLra praLyasLra varshlnl)
now 8andasura by hls mysLlcal powers regeneraLed MadhukalLabha 8akLabl[a and oLher
old demons 1hen LallLa devl made a vlolenL frenzled laughLer uurga devl and oLher
delLles descrlbed ln chandl sapLashaLl were born and slayed Lhese demons now 8handa
generaLed Somaka and oLher demons 1hen LallLa devl generaLed Lhe 10 lncarnaLlons of
vlshnu from Lhe flnger Llps of her hands (LSn karangull nakhoLpanna narayana
dasakruLlh) Sun was abouL Lo seL LallLa devl declded noL Lo delay any more She Lhen
dlscharged narayana asLra and ashupaLa asLra and desLroyed Lhe demons and Lhelr
commanders who were all Lurned lnLo ashes (MahapashupaLasLragnl nlrdagdhasura
salnyaka) now 8handasura was Lhe only one lefL LallLa devl dlscharged Lhe
MahakameshawarasLra and annlhllaLed 8handasura lmmedlaLely hls shunyaka Lown goL
burnL down (kameshwarasLra nlrdagdhasabhandasura sunyaka
Cods proclalmed vlcLory of LallLa devl on Lhe drums and Lhey showered flowers llghLed
camphor blazes and shouLed vlcLory slogans
kama san[eevanam (reblrLh of kama) 8rahma vlshnu lndra and oLher gods pralsed
LallLa devl's grandeur (LSn8rahmopendra mahendradl deva samsLuLa valbhava) ln
LhaL pralse Lhey proclalmed Lhus
A) MoLher! 8handa ls dead buL hls frlend 1araka ls sLlll allve Lo Lrouble us
8) 1o annlhllaLe hlm Shlva musL have a son
C) We were Lrylng for Lhe same buL ln Lhe mean whlle Manmadha (god of love) dled and
all Lhese evenLs happened u) 1herefore klndly glve reblrLh Lo Manmadha and perform Lhe marrlage of
Shlva and
arvaLhl
LallLa devl smlled compasslonaLely and looked aL kameshwara lrom her looks
Manmadha Look reblrLh (ParaneLragnl sandagdha amasan[eevanaushadhlh meanlng
LallLa devl ls Lhe sacred herb sa[eevlnl whlch gave reblrLh Lo Manmadha who was
desLroyed by Lhe flre from Shlva's eye) 8aLl and Manmadha prosLraLed Lo Lhe moLher
goddess and pralsed her
1he moLher goddess blessed Lhem and lnsLrucLed
A) Manmadha! now you need noL fear
8) Co once agaln and casL your maglcal arrow on Shlva
C) Shlva wlll loose Lo you and wlll marry arvaLhl
u) WlLh my blesslngs Shlva wlll do you no harm
L) lrom now on you can enLer every ones body and cause aesLheLlc/ sensuous
pleasures Lo Lhem
l) roLecL my devoLees
AL Lhe lnsLrucLlons of moLher goddess Manmadha wlLh hls famlly wenL and casL hls maglc
charm on Shlva 1hls Llme Shlva lefL renunclaLlon and sLarLed searchlng vehemenLly for
parvaLhl 1hen Manmadha casL maglcal arrows on arvaLl also Shlva was very pleased
wlLh parvaLhl's penance Pe appeared before her granLed a boon and marrled her
kumaraswamy was born Lo Shlva and arvaLhl Pe became Lhe commander of Cods
army and annlhllaLed 1arakasura Pe Lhen marrled uevasena devl Lhe daughLer of lndra
AfLer helplng all Lhe gods Manmadha lefL Lo Srlpura Lo serve goddess LallLa devl
Srlpura varnanam (descrlpLlon of Srlpura ) WhaL does Srlpura mean? AfLer Lhe
annlhllaLlon of 8handasura 1rlmurLls called upon Lhe cosmlc archlLecL vlswakarma and
Lhe archlLecL of demons Maya and lnsLrucLed Lhem Lo consLrucL 16 palaces ln 16 ksheLras
(sacred places) for Lhe resldence of LallLa Shlva kameswara Meru and oLher glganLlc
mounLalns (9) !alasamudra and oLher oceans (7) LoLal 16 ksheLras 1he palaLlal
bulldlngs of moLher goddess locaLed ln Lhese ksheLras are called Srlpura Wherever a
Srlpura ls locaLed lLs dlmenslons are llke Lhls
1) MounL Meru has 4 peaks Cne on Lhe easLern slde one on norLh wesL one on Lhe
souLh wesL Lach ls 100 yo[anas Lall and 100 yo[anas wlde Lhese are LrlmurLls worlds ln
Lhe cenLer of Lhese ls Lhe fourLh whlch ls 400 yo[anas Lall and 400 yo[anas wlde
2) Srlpura ls on Lhe Mlddle peak Srlpura has goL meLalllc compound walls 7 ln number
Lhey are square shaped Lach wall ls separaLed from Lhe nexL one by one a dlsLance of 7
yo[anas1 kalayasa (lron) wall 1he perlmeLer of Lhls wall ls 16 Lhousand yo[anas2
kansya (bronze) wall8eLween Lhese Lwo ls Lhe flrsL chamber Several Lrees and gardens
are locaLed here Mahakall and Mahakala are Lhe gaLe keepers here kalachakra ls Lhelr
Lhrone
3 1amra (copper) wall Pere ls a foresL of kalpavruksha (wlsh granLlng Lree) 1hls ls also
called as kalpavaLlca 1hls ls Lhe second chamber vasanLa (sprlng) ls lLs proLecLor
Madhusrl and Madhavasrl are hls consorLs
4 Seesa (lead) wall Pere ls a foresL of sanLana Lrees (progeny granLlng) 1hls ls Lhe Lhlrd
chamber Crlshma (summer) ls Lhe ruler Shukrasrl and Shuchlsrl are hls consorLs
3 AarkuLa (brass) wall 1hls ls Lhe fourLh chamber Pere ls a foresL of Parl
chandanavruksha (yellow fragranL sandal wood) 1he ruler ls varsharuLu (ralny season
nabhasrl and nabhasyasrl are hls consorLs 6 anchaloha (flve meLal) wallln Lhls flfLh chamber ls a
garden of mandara
Lrees(CaloLropls glganLea)SharadruLu ls Lhe proLecLor lshasrl and ur[asrl are hls
consorLs
7 8aupya (sllver) wall SlxLh chamberarl[aLa Lree foresL PemanLaruLu ls Lhe proLecLor
Sahasrl and Sahasyasrl are hls consorLs
8 Pema (gold) wall SevenLh chamber kadamba foresL Slslra (wlnLer) s Lhe proLecLor
1avasrl and 1avasyasrl are hls consorLs 1hls ls where ManLrlnl devl resldes ln a Lemple
She has one more quarLer very close Lo LhaL of LallLa devl ln MahapadmaLavl( foresL of
loLuses) When she ls on duLy she sLays ln LhaL quarLer ln Lhls sevenLh chamber near
ManLrlnl's resldence MaLanga kanyas are consLanLly slnglng and danclng
MaLanga kanyaka charlLra (sLory of MaLanga kanya) ln Lhe olden days a sage named
MaLanga used Lo expand Lhe creaLlon byvlrLue of Lhe power of hls penance362 Pls son
MaLanga was a greaL salnL and pracLlLloner of penance Pe was Lhe frlend of PlmavanLa
Cnce PlmavanLa sLarLed boasLlng saylng LhaL he was Lhe faLher of Caurl devl WlLh LhaL
MaLanga felL humlllaLed and sLarLed greaL penance for Mudrlnl devl(Mudrlnldevl ls none
oLher Lhan ManLrlnl devl who had recelved a rlng from LallLa devl She ls also called
Shyamala devl
She was very happy wlLh hls penance and gave boon LhaL she herself would be born as a
daughLer Lo hlm A few days laLer Shyamala devl appeared ln Lhe dream of SlddhamaLl
devl (consorL of MaLanga) Shyamala devl gave her a flower from Lhe bunch decoraLlng
Lhe formers ear very soon she had a female chlld who was named Laghushyama as she
was born ln a very shorL duraLlon (Laghu shorL small) She was also called MaLangl
MaLanga kanyaka WlLh her power she generaLed crores of vlrglns who sLay near
ManLrlnl devl's house and keep slnglng her pralses all Lhe Llme
1he Compounds of preclous sLones lnslde Lhe golden compound Lhere are eleven
prakaras (compounds) one lnslde Lhe oLher and lnslde Lhem Lhere are slx more
compounds descrlbed hereunder All Lhese compounds are perfecL squares Pere also
Lhe dlsLance beLween one compound and Lhe oLher ls Seven yo[anas (yo[ana ls a
measuremenL of lengLh of abouL nlne mlles)
1 ushyaraga rakara (1he compound of 1opaz) 1he area beLween Lhe golden
compound and Lhls one ls called ushyaraga area Pere male and female Slddhas reslde
1hose who were born earller ln Lhe race of Slddha and who obLalned aLLalnmenL (Slddhl)
ln Lhelr splrlLual pracLlces worshlpplng Lhe ulvlne MoLher sLay here as Slddhas and gladly
conLlnue Lo worshlp Per
2 admaraga rakara (1he compound of 8uby) Pere celesLlals of Lhe specles called
Caranas reslde 1hose who were born ln Carana world and worshlpped Lhe MoLher are
reborn here afLer aLLalnlng Per grace
3 Comedhlka rakara (1he compound of AgaLe) ln Lhls arena kala Sankarshanl devl
resldes She ls worshlpped by Lhe ?oglnls and 8halravas
4 va[ra rakara (1he compound of dlamonds) Apsaras and Candharvas (dlvlne dancers
and slngers) sLay ln Lhls arena 1hey are ever engaged ln Lhe !apa (repeLlLlon) of Lhe
ulvlne MoLher's names and sLay here happlly 1he rlver va[ranadl flows ln Lhls place 1he
Coddess va[reswarl sLays here When Lhe demon 8handa swallowed Lhe dlamond
weapon (va[ra Ayudha) of lndra he could geL back hls weapon by worshlpplng Lhe
MoLher here
3 valdurya rakara (1he compound of CaL's eye) 1hose of Lhe neLherworld who aLLalned
splrlLual achlevemenLs by worshlpplng Lhe MoLher sLay ln Lhls arena 1he emperor 8all
also resldes here6 lndraneela rakara (1he compound of Sapphlre) 1hose people who were born on
Lhe
earLh sLay ln Lhls area en[oylng pleasures afLer Lhelr worshlp of LallLa durlng Lhelr llfeLlme
Lhere Soon afLer Lhe effecL of Lhelr punya (merlL) ls exhausLed Lhey wlll be born agaln as
human belngs on Lhe earLh 8y Lhe effecL of Lhelr prevlous plous deeds Lhey agaln
worshlp Lhe MoLher and reLurn once more Lo Lhls plous place uue Lo Lhe blue colour of
Lhese preclous sLones Lhe dark effecL of llkes and dlsllkes perslsLs ln Lhem Pence Lhey
are born agaln and agaln 1hose who can conLrol Lhelr senses Lo merge ln Lhe ulLlmaLe
sLaLe of salvaLlon le ln Lhe ulvlne MoLher 1hey do noL have reblrLh
7 MukLa rakara (1he compound of pearls) Several rlvers named 1amraparnl
Mahaparnl SadamukLa Sadodaka eLc flow ln Lhls area 1he celesLlals who worshlpped
Lhe MoLher and chanLed her ManLras sLay here 1he clLles of Lhe rulers of Lhe elghL sldes
exlsL here (1he elghL sldes are LasL WesL norLh SouLh norLhLasL SouLhLasL norLhWesL and SouLh
WesL)
8 MarakaLa rakara (1he compound of Lmerald) 1he abode of Lhe Coddess uandanaLha
also called varahl exlsLs ln Lhls area 1here ls a garden of golden palmLrees here 1he
Coddess unmaLLabhalravl Svapnesvarl 1lraskarlnldevl klrapadadevl reslde ln Lhls area
When Coddess uandanaLha ls on duLy she sLays ln a separaLe palace ln Lhe foresL of
Mahapadma (8lg loLuses)
9 vldruma rakara (1he compound of Coral) ln Lhls area 8rahma along wlLh sages llke
Marlca sLays and worshlp Lhe ulvlneMoLher
10Manlkya rakara (1he compound of Cem) 1hls area ls also called Lhe hall of gems le
Manlkya ManLapa Per vlshnu worshlps Lhe MoLher
11 navaraLna rakara (1he compound of nlne preclous sLones) ln Lhls area exlsLs a huge
hall wlLh Lhousands of plllars Pere Slva along wlLh hls aLLendanLs consLanLly supervlses
Lhe acLlvlLles belng done as per Lhe orders of LallLa uevl
12 Manomaya rakara (1he compound of mlnd) 1he enLlre area ls a blg well of AmruLa
(necLar) 1he Coddess 1ara resldes here Along wlLh her aLLendanLs she rows a blg boaL
and Lakes her devoLees lnslde along wlLh Per
13 8uddhl rakara (1he compound of Lhe lnLellecL) 1he enLlre area ls a blg well of 8llss
1he capLaln of Lhe shlp ln Lhls arena ls Lhe Coddess varunl She ls also called as Sudha
mallnl and AmruLeswarl
14 Ahankara rakara (1he compound of Lgolsm) 1he enLlre area ls a blg well of crlLlclsm
and necLar 1he waLer of Lhls well ls noLhlng else Lhan Lhe necLar ln Lhe nerve Sushumna
(1he cenLral nerve beLween lda and lngala nerves of one's backbone) 1he capLaln of
Lhe shlp ln Lhls area ls Lhe Coddess kurukulla
13 Suryablmba rakara (1he compound of Lhe Sun) Pere brllllance comparable Lo Lhe
llghL of Lhe rlslng Sun exlsLs always lenLy of flowers called kuruvlnda are abundanL here
1he Sun performed penance here and obLalned brllllance MarLanda 8halrava sLays here
Pe has a very lumlnous form Pls Lhree wlves are Mahaprakasa SakLl CakshusmaLl SakLl
and Chayada SakLl (1he powers of greaL brllllance eyeslghL and shade)
16 Candrablmba rakasa (1he compound of Lhe Moon) Moonshlne ever exlsLs here 1he
Moon performed penance here and aLLalned lllumlnaLlon SomanaLha Lhe Lord of Lhe
sLars ls Lhe chlef delLy of Lhls area
17 Srungara rakara (1he compound of eroLlclsm) 1hls area ls full of waLers of eroLlclsm
Pere ManmaLha (CupldLhe god of love) does !apa of Lhe MoLher's sacred names rowlng
ln a boaL Cnly Lhose who are of pure mlnd by naLure can cross Lhls area 18 ClnLamanl Cruha (1he
abode of Cems) 1hls ls Lhe greaL palace of Srlchakra lL ls
called MahapadmaLavl also Around Lhe manslon hundreds of Lhousands of loLus llke
palaces exlsL 1o Lhe easL of Lhls place Lhere ls a large vessel wlLh a dlameLer of one
?o[ana 1hls ls called Arghya aLra (Lhe vessel used Lo wash hands) b) AL Lhe souLheasL
corner exlsLs Cldagnlkunda (1he flre plL of knowledge) AL Lhe souLhwesL exlsLs Srlcakra
8aLha Lhe vehlcle of Srlcakra AL Lhe norLhwesL exlsLs Lhe Ceya Cakra 8aLha of Lhe
Coddess ManLrlnl AL Lhe norLheasL exlsLs Lhe klrl Cakra 8aLha of Lhe Coddess uandlnl
ln beLween Lhe LasL and Lhe souLheasL exlsLs ManLrlnl gruha Lhe abode of Lhe Coddess
ManLrlnl ln beLween Lhe LasL and Lhe norLheasL exlsLs uandlnl gruha Lhe abode of Lhe
Coddess uandlnl
1he descrlpLlon of Lhe alace of ClnLamanl
1 1hls palace ls cenLrally locaLed ln SrlpaLLana 1he ClLy of Srl (WealLh)
2 1he walls of Lhe palace are bullL wlLh ClnLamanl gems
3 1he roof also ls made of Lhe same sLones of ClnLamanl
4 1he palace has Lhree Lowers by names lccha Slkhara krlya Slkhara and !nana Slkhara
le Lhe Lowers of deslre acLlon and knowledge
3 1he palace has four doors 1hey are called Amnaya devas 1hey are urva uakshlna
asclma and uLLara Amnaya devas (on Lhe LasL SouLh WesL and norLh sldes)
Amnaya means veda
6 8lndu eeLha (cenLral seaL of power) ls cenLrally locaLed ln Lhe palace
7 1hls seaL of power (peeLha) has sLeps on four sldes
8 1he enLlre sLrucLure descrlbed above ls of Lhe deslgn of Srlcakra
9 All Lhe male and female delLles of Srlcakra reslde here
101he 8lndu eeLha ls called Srl eeLha Maha eeLha vldya eeLha andAnanda
eeLha also (1he seaL of prosperlLy greaLness knowledge andbllss)
11Cn Lhe pedasLal exlsLs Lhe coL of Lhe flve brahmas
121he coL has four legs namely 8rahma vlshnu Mahesana and lswara 1hese four
delLles have aLLalned female form by worshlpplng MoLher
131he plank resLlng on Lhese legs ls Sadaslva
141o Lhe easL of Lhls coL Lhere are 36 sLeps represenLlng Lhe 36 aspecLs of splrlLuallsm
131here ls a fooLresL ln fronL of Lhe coL
161here ls swan llke bed on Lhe coL
17Cn Lhe coL Lhere are Lwo plllows for Lhe head and one plllow for Lhe legs
18A llghL red blankeL ls spread on Lhe bed
191he Lord kameswara slLs on Lhe coL faclng Lhe LasL Pe ls ever ln Lhe form of a slxLeen
year old boy Pe has four hands and Lhree eyes Pe wears eroLlc cosLumes
20Cn Pls lap slLs LallLa uevl She ls ever ln Lhe form of a slxLeen year old glrl Per
complexlon ls rosy She wears eroLlc cosLumes She has four hands Per decoraLlon ls Lhe
moon
21As she pleases Sadaslva she ls called LallLa (Lalana Lo please) Slva
kameswarankasLha Slva Svadheena vallabha Sumeru madhya srungasLha
Srlmannagara naylka ClnLamanl gruhanLasLha anca 8rahmasana sLhlLa Maha
admaLavl samsLha kadamba vana vaslnl Sudha sagara madhyasLha kamakshl
kamadaylnl 1he above names ln Lhe LallLa Sahasra nama lndlcaLe Lhe Srlnaara Lhe ClnLamanl gruha (Lhe
palace of Lhe MoLher) and her oLher dlvlne aspecLs descrlbed above
1he MoLher lncarnaLed Lo klll Lhe demon 8handa She ls Lhe Supreme MoLher as per
Lhese dlvlne names wlll achleve everyLhlng ausplclous
Mokshada Lkadasl
?udhlshLhlra Mahara[ sald C vlshnu masLer of all C dellghL of Lhe Lhree worlds C Lord
of Lhe enLlre unlverse C creaLor of Lhe world C oldesL personallLy C besL of all belngs l
offer my mosL respecLful obelsances unLo ?ou
C Lord of lords for Lhe beneflL of all llvlng enLlLles klndly answer some quesLlons LhaL l
have WhaL ls Lhe name of Lhe Lkadasl LhaL occurs durlng Lhe llghL forLnlghL of Lhe monLh
of Margashlrsha (novemberuecember) and removes all slns? Pow does one observe lL
properly and whlch uelLy ls worshlpped on LhaL hollesL of days? C my Lord please explaln
Lhls Lo me ln full
Lord Srl krlshna replled C dear ?udhlshLhlra your enqulry ls very ausplclous ln lLself
and wlll brlng you fame !usL as l prevlously explalned Lo you abouL Lhe dearesL uLpannaa
Mahauwadasl whlch occurs durlng Lhe dark parL of Lhe monLh of Margashlrsha whlch ls
Lhe day when Lkadasldevl appeared from My body Lo klll Lhe demon Mura and whlch
beneflLs everyLhlng anlmaLe and lnanlmaLe ln Lhe Lhree worlds so l shall now relaLe Lo
you regardlng Lhls Lkadasl LhaL occurs durlng Lhe llghL parL of Lhe monLh of Margashlrsha
1hls Lkadasl ls famous as Mokshadaa because lL purlfles Lhe falLhful devoLee of all slnful
reacLlons and besLows llberaLlon upon hlm 1he worshlppable uelLy of Lhls all ausplclous
day ls Lord uamodara WlLh full aLLenLlon one should worshlp Plm wlLh lncense a ghee
lamp fragranL flowers and 1ulasl man[arls (buds)
C besL of salnLly klngs please llsLen as l narraLe Lo you Lhe anclenL and ausplclous
hlsLory of Lhls wonderful Lkadasl Slmply by hearlng Lhls hlsLory one can aLLaln Lhe merlL
earned by performlng a horse sacrlflce 8y Lhe lnfluence of Lhls merlL ones forefaLhers
moLhers sons and oLher relaLlves who have gone Lo hell can Lurn around and go Lo Lhe
heavenly klngdom lor Lhls reason alone C klng you should llsLen wlLh rapL aLLenLlon Lo
Lhls narraLlon 1here once was a beauLlful clLy named Champakanagar whlch was
decoraLed wlLh devoLed valshnavas 1here Lhe besL of salnLly klngs Mahara[
valkhaanasa ruled over hls sub[ecLs as lf Lhey were hls very own dear sons and
daughLers 1he brahmlns ln LhaL caplLal clLy were all experL ln four klnds of vedlk
knowledge 1he klng whlle rullng properly had a dream one nlghL ln whlch hls faLher was
seen Lo be sufferlng Lhe pangs of helllsh LorLure ln one of Lhe helllsh planeLs ruled over by
Lhe ?amara[ 1he klng was overwhelmed wlLh compasslon for hls faLher and shed Lears
1he nexL mornlng Mahara[ valkhaanasa descrlbed whaL he had seen ln hls dream Lo hls
councll of Lwlce born learned brahmlns
C brahmanas Lhe klng addressed Lhem ln a dream lasL nlghL l saw my faLher sufferlng
on a helllsh planeL Pe was crylng ouL ln angulsh C son please dellver me from Lhls
LormenL of Lhls helllsh condlLlon ! now l have no peace ln my mlnd and even Lhls
beauLlful klngdom has become unbearable Lo me noL even my horses elephanLs and
charloLs and my vasL wealLh ln my Lreasury LhaL formerly broughL so much pleasure glves
me no pleasure aL all
LveryLhlng C besL of Lhe brahmlns even my own wlfe and sons have become a source
of unhapplness slnce l beheld my faLher sufferlng Lhe LorLures of LhaL helllsh condlLlon so
Where can l go and whaL can l do C brahmlns Lo allevlaLe Lhls mlsery? My body ls
burnlng wlLh fear and sorrow ! lease Lell me whaL klnd of charlLy whaL mode of fasLlng
whaL ausLerlLy or whaL deep medlLaLlon and ln servlce upon whlch uelLy l may have Lo
perform Lo dellver my faLher from LhaL agony and besLow upon llberaLlon upon my
forefaLhers C besL among Lhe brahmlns whaL ls Lhe use of ones belng a powerful son lf ones faLher
musL suffer on a helllsh planeL? 1ruly such a sons llfe ls uLLerly useless Lo
hlm and Lo hls forefaLhers
1he Lwlce born brahmlns replled C klng ln Lhe mounLalnous foresL noL far from here ls
Lhe ashram where a greaL salnL arvaLa Munl resldes lease go Lo hlm for he ls Lrlkala[nan (he knows
Lhe pasL Lhe presenL and Lhe fuLure of everyLhlng) and can surely help
you ln your galnlng rellef from your mlsery
upon hearlng Lhls advlse Lhe dlsLressed klng lmmedlaLely seL ouL on a [ourney Lo Lhe
ashram of Lhe famous sage arvaLa Munl 1he ashram was lndeed very blg and housed
many learned sages experL ln chanLlng Lhe sacred hymns of Lhe four vedas (8g ?a[ur
Sama and ArLhava) Approachlng Lhe holy ashram Lhe klng beheld arvaLa Munl seaLed
among Lhe assembly of sages adorned wlLh hundreds of Lllaks (from all Lhe auLhorlsed
sampradayas) llke anoLher 8rahmaa or vyaas
Mahara[ valkhaanasa offered hls humble obelsances Lo Lhe munl bowlng hls head and
Lhen prosLraLlng hls enLlre body before hlm AfLer Lhe klng had seaLed hlmself among Lhe
assembly arvaLa Munl asked hlm abouL Lhe welfare of Lhe seven llmbs of hls exLenslve
klngdom (hls mlnlsLers hls Lreasury hls mlllLary forces hls allles Lhe brahmlns Lhe
sacrlflclal offerlngs performed and Lhe needs of hls sub[ecLs) 1he munl also asked hlm lf
hls klngdom was free of Lroubles and wheLher everyone was peaceful happy and
saLlsfled 1o Lhese enqulrles Lhe klng replled 8y your mercy C glorlous and greaL sage
all seven llmbs of my klngdom are dolng very well ?eL Lhere ls a problem LhaL has
recenLly arlsen and Lo solve lL l have come Lo you C brahmana for your experL help and
guldance
1hen arvaLa Munl Lhe besL of all sages closed hls eyes and medlLaLed on Lhe klngs
pasL presenL and fuLure AfLer a few momenLs he opened hls eyes and sald ?our faLher
ls sufferlng Lhe resulLs of commlLLlng a greaL sln and l have dlscovered whaL lL ls ln hls
prevlous llfe he quarrelled wlLh hls wlfe and forclbly en[oyed her sexually durlng her
mensLrual perlod She Lrled Lo proLesL and reslsL hls advances and even yelled ouL
Someone please save me! lease C husband do noL lnLerrupL my monLhly perlod ln Lhls
way! SLlll he dld noL sLop or leave her alone lL ls on accounL of Lhls grlevous sln LhaL your
faLher now has fallen lnLo such a helllsh condlLlon of sufferlng
klng valkhaanasa Lhen sald C greaLesL among sages by whaL process of fasLlng or
charlLy may l llberaLe my dear faLher from such a condlLlon? lease Lell me how l can
relleve and remove Lhe burden of hls slnful reacLlons whlch are a greaL obsLacle Lo hls
progress Loward ulLlmaLe release (salvaLlon llberaLlon golng back home)
arvaLa Munl replled uurlng Lhe llghL forLnlghL of Lhe monLh of Margashlrsha Lhere
occurs an Lkadasl called Mokshadaa lf you observe Lhls sacred Lkadasl sLrlcLly wlLh a
full fasL and glve dlrecLly Lo your sufferlng faLher Lhe merlL you Lhus aLLaln/obLaln he wlll
be freed from hls paln and lnsLanLly llberaLed
Pearlng Lhls Mahara[ valkhaanasa profusely Lhanked Lhe greaL sage and Lhen reLurned
Lo hls palace Lo perform hls vraLa (ausLere rlLe) C ?udhlshLhlra when Lhe llghL parL of Lhe
monLh of Margashlrsha aL lasL arrlved Mahara[ valkhaanasa falLhfully walLed for Lhe
Lkadasl LlLhl Lo arrlve Pe Lhen perfecLly and wlLh full falLh observed Lhe Lkadasl fasL wlLh
hls wlfe chlldren and oLher relaLlves Pe duLlfully gave Lhe merlL from Lhls fasL Lo hls
faLher and as he made Lhe offerlng beauLlful flower peLals showered down from Lhe
devas who peered ouL from behlnd Lhe clouds ln Lhe sky 1he klngs faLher was Lhen
pralsed by Lhe messengers of Lhe demlgods (devas) and escorLed Lo Lhe celesLlal reglon
As he passed hls son as he Lraversed Lhe lower Lo mlddle Lo hlgher planeLs Lhe faLher
sald Lo Lhe klng My dear son all ausplclousness unLo you!AL lasL he reached Lhe heavenly realm from
where he can agaln wlLh hls newly acqulred
merlL perform devoLlonal servlce Lo krlshna or vlshnu and ln due course reLurn back Lo
home back Lo Codhead
C son of andu who so ever sLrlcLly observes Lhe sacred Moksha Lkadasl followlng Lhe
esLabllshed rules and regulaLlons achleves full and perfecL llberaLlon afLer deaLh 1here ls
no beLLer fasLlng day Lhan Lhls Lkadasl of Lhe llghL forLnlghL of Lhe monLh of Margashlrsha
C ?udhlshLhlra for lL ls a crysLalclear and slnless day Whoever falLhfully observes Lhls
Lkadasl fasL whlch ls llke chlnLaamanl (a gem LhaL ylelds all deslres) obLalns speclal
merlL LhaL ls very hard Lo calculaLe for Lhls day can elevaLe one from helllsh llfe Lo Lhe
heavenly planeLs and for one who observes Lkadasl for hls own splrlLual beneflL Lhls
elevaLes one Lo go back Lo Codhead never Lo reLurn Lo Lhls maLerlal world
1hus end Lhe narraLlon of Lhe glorles of Margashlrshashukla Lkadasl or Mokshada
Lkadasl from Lhe 8rahmanda urana
1he Sons of Sagara
CPA1L8 lll1?1WC
1he Sacrlflclal Porse ls leL loose
!almlnl Sald
1 AfLer banlshlng hls son Lhe vlrLuoussouled Lord Sagara Lransferred hls love for hlm
Lo Lhe chlld Amsumam whose conducL was rlghLeous
2 AL Lhe very same Llme C klng Lhe sons of SumaLl grew up collecLlvely All of Lhem
were amlable devoLed and falLhful Lo one anoLher
3 1hey had adamanLlne bodles 1hey were cruel merclless and shameless 1hey were
hablLually evll ln Lhelr acLlvlLles 1hey had Lhe same naLure and characLerlsLlcs
4 1hey cooperaLed ln dolng slmulLaneously Lhe same work 1hey were deluded ln Lhelr
mlnds 1hey were easlly lrrlLable 1hey could noL be easlly assalled by any llvlng belng
1hey regularly harassed Lhe people
3 1hey had no concern for humlllLy good conducL or Lhe paLh of vlrLue 1hey harassed
Lhe enLlre world around as Lhey pleased llke Asuras
6 ALLacked and LormenLed by Lhem Lhe whole world became dlsLressed and unhappy ln
parLlcular wlLh ?a[nas and paLhs of vlrLue desLroyed 1he people could noL have Lhelr
regular selfsLudy of Lhe vedas nor could Lhey perform holy rlLes by uLLerlng Lhe vasaLkara
manLra
7 When everyLhlng was belng compleLely desLroyed by Lhe sons of Sagara who were
haughLy on accounL of Lhe boons Lhey had been granLed Lhe uevas Asuras and Lhe
grreaL serpenLs became exLremely aglLaLed
8 1he LarLh overwhelmed by Lhe ocean began Lo quake Lhough lLs name ls Acala (
lmmovable ) 1here was a break and hlndrance ln Lhe penance and absLracL llwdlLaLlon of
Lhe asceLlcs
9 uepraved of Lhe Pavya and kayva offerlngs Lhe uevas and Lhe lLrls became
oppressed by greaL sorrow 1hey wenL Lo Lhe abode of 8rahma
10 AfLer golng Lhere Lhe uevas wlLh Sharva* ( probably Shakra ) aL Lhelr head duly
reporLed Lo hlm Lhe enLlre acLlvlLles of Lhe sons of Sagara
11 Cn hearlng Lhelr words 8rahma Lhe grandfaLher of Lhe worlds became engrossed ln
LhoughL for a shorL whlle 1he mosL excellenL one among Lhe Suras Lhen sald 12 0 uevas llsLen
aLLenLlvely Lo my words Welfare unLo you 1here ls no doubL LhaL Lhe
sons of Sagara wlll be desLroyed ere long
13 WalL for a shorL Llme LveryLhlng ls belng conLrolled by Llme LveryLhlng else ls buL an
lnsLrumenLal 1haL Llme alone ls Lhe masLer of all
14 Pence C excellenL Suras whaL l am golng Lo say for your welfare should now be
carrled ouL by all of you wlLhouL any slackness
13 1he holy lord kaplla Lhe mosL excellenL among vlcLorlous ones Lhe roosL exalLed
among Lhe leadlng ?oglns ls born on Lhe earLh wlLh a parLlal power of vlsnu for Lhe
welfare of Lhe unlverse
16 Pe ls now slLLlng medlLaLlng ln a lonely place somewhere ln Lhe ocean Lhe waLer of
whlch had been sucked up by AgasLya 1hls medlLaLlon has been golng on for Lhe lasL
hundred years accordlng Lo Lhe reckonlng of heaven dwellers
17 AL my behesL all of you go Lo Lhe leadlng sage kaplla SLand near hlm wlshlng for Lhe
concluslon of hls medlLaLlon
18 AL Lhe close of hls absLracL medlLaLlon you wlll bow down Lo hlm and Lell hlm your
purpose ln full Pe wlll do whaL ls conduclve Lo your welfare
19 C excellenL uevas do someLhlng whereby a break ln Lhe absLracL medlLaLlon of Lhe
sage can be caused Lhrough Lhe sons of Sagara !almlnl sald
20 Cn belng Lold Lhus by hlm Lhe uevas bowed down Lo 8rahma and wenL Lo kaplla Lhe
mosL excellenL among Lhe brahmanas wlLh palms [olned ln reverence Lhey spoke Lo hlm
1he uevas sald
21 8e pleased wlLh us oh excellenL sage We have soughL refuge ln you 1he whole of
Lhe unlverse harassed by Lhe sons of Sagara ls perlshlng
22 lL ls well known LhaL you are Lhe cause of Lhe susLenance and annlhllaLlon of Lhe
worlds WlLh Lhe parLlal power of vlshnu you have lncarnaLed on Lhe earLh and you sLay
here as Lhe leadlng ?ogln
23 A physlcal body has been volunLarlly assumed by you only for Lhe desLrucLlon of Lhe
greaL dlsLress of men affllcLed by Lhe Lhree Lypes of agony lndeed you are Lhe mosL
excellenL among Lhose who perform ausLerlLles
24 undoubLedly C 8rahmana you are capable aL your wlll Lo menLally creaLe Lhe enLlre
unlverse susLaln lL and annlhllaLe lL
23 ?ou are our creaLor and dlspenser of our desLlny ?ou are our precepLor ?ou are our
greaLesL resorL ?ou are our proLecLor uL an end Lo our adverslLy
26 C leadlng 8rahmana be Lhe resorL and refuge of Lhe leadlng 8rahmanas ln parLlcular
who reslde ln Lhe Lhree worlds and who are belng persecuLed by Lhe sons of Sagara
27 lndeed Lhe acLlvlLles of people llke you wlll be of SaLva ( very good ) naLure Pence C
sage of good holy rlLes lL behooves you Lo save us and all Lhe world
2831a lf noL C holy salnL Lhe enLlre unlverse wlll be desLroyed premaLurely !almlnl
Sald Cn belng Lold Lhus by all Lhe uevas kaplla slowly opened hls eyes Clanclng aL
Lhere he spoke Lhese pleaslng words uLLerly burned by Lhelr own acLlons Lhe sons of
Sagara wlll surely perlsh when Lhe proper Llme arrlves LeL LhaL Llme be awalLed by you all
lor Lhe achlevemenL of your purpose C excellenL Suras l shall become Lhe cause of
desLrucLlon of Lhose evllmlnded ones
3133 Lre long Lhe sons of Sagara whose mlnds are lncllned Lowards slnful acLlvlLles
and whose lnLellecLs have been adversely affecLed by kala ( 1lme Cod of ueaLh ) wlll be
burned by Lhe flre of my anger Pence 0 uevas all Lhe worlds shall be rld of dlsLress 1hey wlll have fear
from nowhere LeL Lhem ( sons of Sagara ) be wlcked ln Lhelr acLlons
1hey wlll qulckly meeL wlLh Lhelr annlhllaLlon So be free from fear and go back Lo your
own clLy WalL for some Llme 1hereafLer you wlll reallse whaL you deslre
3438 Cn belng Lold Lhus by kaplla all Lhose uevas lncludlng lndra became dellghLed
AfLer bowlng down Lo hlm Lhey wenL Lowards heaven ln Lhe meanLlme klng Sagara Lhe
Lord of Lhe LarLh deslred Lo perform va[lmedha (PorseSacrlflce) Lhe greaL ?a[na WlLh
Lhe permlsslon of vaslsLha he gaLhered LogeLher all Lhe necessary requlslLes
Accompanled by Aurva and oLher 8rahmanas he duly Look Lhe lnlLlaLlon for Lhe
performance of sacrlflce lor Lhe purpose of leLLlng Lhe horse roam abouL Lhe klng of
greaL renown called all hls sons and commanded Lhem Lhus C my sons make Lhe horse
roam abouL all round Lhe earLh lL behoves you Lo do Lhls lmmedlaLely and brlng lL back Lo
me !almlnl sald
3943 AL Lhe behesL of Lhelr faLher Lhey Look Lhe horse and made lL wander over Lhe
enLlre earLh lL was only because of Lhe dlrecLlve of Lhe vedlc ln[uncLlon LhaL Lhe horse was
made Lo go round Lhe earLh and noL for Lhe conquesL of Lhe quarLers nor for levylng Laxes
and LrlbuLes as Lhe whole of Lhe earLh had already been conquered by LhaL klng klngs
had already been made payers of LrlbuLes by LhaL klng of exalLed herolsm ln Lhe
baLLlefleld 1hen Lhose prlnces reached Lhe lower ground surface of Lhe salL ocean
whereln Lhere was no waLer WlLh greaL dellghL Lhey enclrcled Lhe horse and enLered Lhe
lnLerlor of Lhe earLh
CPA1L8 llll1?1P8LL
1he uesLrucLlon of Lhe Sons of Sagara
!amlnl Sald
1 When Lhey reached Lhere Lhe wlnd god who had been dlrecLed by lndra carrled away
Lhe horse Lo Lhe neLherworlds wlLhln a momenL
2 SLeallng Lhe horse wlLhouL belng seen by any of Lhem C klng Lhe wlnd god carrled lL
away along LhaL paLh Lo Lhe vlclnlLy of sage kaplla
34 When Lhe horse dlsappeared all Lhose prlnces became perplexed Searchlng for Lhe
horse Lhey wenL round and round Lhe earLh AfLer searchlng Lhe enLlre earLh lncludlng Lhe
clLles mounLalns and foresLs Lhey aLLalned greaL sorrow because Lhey were sLlll unable Lo
see Lhe sacrlflclal anlmal
3 1hen Lhey wenL back Lo Ayodhya surrounded by Lhe sagas meL Lhelr faLher bowed
down Lo hlm and lnlLlaLed Lo hlm everyLhlng
6 1he momenL we enLered Lhe ocean afLer wanderlng over Lhe whole of Lhe earLh Lhe
horse was Laken away by some one Lhough lL was belng vlgllanLly guarded by us who
were on Lhe waLch
78 Cn belng Lold Lhus by Lhem Lhe excellenL klng became lnfurlaLed and Lold Lhem Co
away hence unrlghLeous ones never Lo reLurn agaln Pow was lL losL by you whlle you
were allve ?ou were lndeed evll mlnded ones 1here ls no quesLlon of your reLurnlng
wlLhouL Lhe horse here
9 1hen all of Lhem LogeLher seLouL from LhaL place and sald Lo one anoLher Lven now
Lhe horse ls noL Lo be seen whaL shall we do ?
10 1he whole of Lhe earLh was searched by us lncludlng Lhe mounLalns foresLs and
parks 1he horse ls noL seen anywhere nor lLs news ls heard
11 Pence sLarLlng wlLh Lhe ocean and exLendlng as far as Lhe neLherworlds we shall spllL
Lhe earLh and dlg lL We shall enLer Lhe neLherworlds and search for Lhe horse12 Pavlng declded Lhus
all Lhose sons of Sagara of cruel resolve dug Lhe earLh
everywhere beglnnlng wlLh Lhe seashore
13 8elng dug by Lhem Lhe earLh became greaLly exclLed and crled aloud Cn seelng Lhelr
acLlvlLy all llvlng belngs crled ln dlsLress
14 AfLer dlgglng Lhe 8haraLa subconLlnenL and casLlng lL off on Lhe ground Lhey unlLed a
Lhousand ?o[anas of Lhe earLh Lo Lhe ocean
13 ulgglng Lhe earLh upLo Lhe neLherworlds Lhe sons of Lhe klng saw Lhe horse grazlng ln
Lhe neLherworlds
l6 uellghLed very much Lhey gaLhered LogeLher and laughed ouL of conLenLmenL Some of
Lhem danced wlLh greaL [oy
1721 1hey saw Lhe noblesouled kaplla of brllllanL lusLre who was very old who was
seaLed ln Lhe loLusposLure wlLh hls eyes flxed yeL aL Lhe Llp of hls nose who had kepL Lhe
head and neck sLralghL and long who had kepL Lhe chesL pro[ecLlng forward who was
shlnlng wlLh hls own splendour radlaLlng all round ln full llke a lamp placed ln a wlndless
spoL whose body was full of perfecL knowledge shlnlng wlLhln hlmself whose mlnd was
engaged ln absLracL medlLaLlon who appeared llke Lhe moLlonless ocean who was duly
engaged ln Lhe yoglc exerclse whose mlnd was engrossed ln whaL should be medlLaLed
upon who was Lhe mosL excellenL among leadlng ?oglns and who looked llke Lhe flre wlLh
lLs clusLers of flames exLlngulshed Cn seelng hlm sLaylng Lhere Lhey consulLed one
anoLher abouL hlm for a shorL whlle lor a shorL whlle Lhey underwenL excesslve aglLaLlon
2223 1hlnklng LhaL lL was he who sLole Lhe horse Lhe evllmlnded sons of Sagara
lnduced by Lhe Cod of deaLh surrounded kaplla Lhe excellenL sage Lnclrcllng hlm Lhey
sald 1hls ls Lhe Lhlef 1here ls no doubL abouL lL 1hls evllmlnded robber of Lhe horse
deserves Lo be kllled by us
!almlnl sald
2427a All Lhose Sagaras whose lnLellecL had become deluded and whose deaLh was
lmmlnenL suddenly molesLed Lhe sage who was slLLlng llke an ordlnary person
1hen sage kaplla who had never been de[ecLed ln mlnd was overwhelmed wlLh wraLh
because he lead been upseL due Lo Lhe break ln hls absLracL medlLaLlon Pe was aglLaLed
Assalled by Lhose evllmlnded ones Lhe unassallable sage kaplla became aglLaLed Pe
assumed a huge slze llke Lhe flre LhaL lncreases ln slze aL Lhe end of Lhe kalpa on accounL
of Lhe gusLs of wlnd
27b30a 1he flre of anger arlslng ouL of hls body as vasL and ma[esLlc as Lhe ocean bursL
forLh llke Lhe Samkarshana flre lssulng from Lhe polson of Sesha ouL Lo burn down Lhe
neLherworlds Pls anger was furLher klndled by Lhe recollecLlon of aLLack 1he sage who
had a lusLre slmllar Lo LhaL of a wheel of flre ( le whlrllng flre ) opened hls eyes 1hen for
a momenL C klng hls eyes became exLremely red and shone llke Lhe Sun and Lhe Moon
slmulLaneously appearlng ln Lhe sky aL dawn
30b33 Pe looked aL Lhe prlnces wlLh rolllng eyes gravely llke Lhe Cod of annlhllaLlon aL
Lhe close of ( kalpa ) perlod Sparks and flames of flre suddenly emerged from Lhe eyes of
LhaL lnfurlaLed sage and spread all round ln varlous dlrecLlons conLlnuously llke Lhe sparks
of kalagnl ( desLrucLlve flre aL Lhe Llme of flnal annlhllaLlon ) 1he sparks of flre of Lhe
Sages anger pervaded Lhe quarLers all round wlLh columns of smoke pro[ecLlng forward
and emlLLlng floods of sparks frequenLly
1he sparks emanaLlng from hls eyes llke Lhe polsonous flames wlLh Lhe cavlLy of Lhe belly
of a pyLhon shone llke Lhe flames of Lhe vadavaflre ( submarlne flre ) of Lhe vlolenL ocean1he flre of
anger C greaL klng LhaL pervaded Lhe spaces ln Lhe quarLers by means of lLs
flames enveloped Lhe flrmamenL and burned Lhe sons of Sagara
36 1he world became enveloped by Lhe clusLers of flames of flre and smoke whlrllng
round and round on accounL of Lhe angry ( le vlolenL ) blasLs of wlnd LhaL blew wlLh a loud
reporL lL became fllled wlLh Lhe dusLs of Lhe earLh Loo LhaL were blown up excesslvely
Pence Lhe world became Loo much affllcLed
37 All round Lhe flre appeared Lo be scraplng Lhe flrmamenL by means of lLs flames
sLruck by Lhe veloclLy of wlnd lL lmmedlaLely burned down compleLely Lhe sons of Lhe klng
who were Lhe enemles of Lhe Suras
38 Lven as all Lhe worlds were waLchlng Lhe flre of kapllas anger reduced Lhe Sagaras
Lo ashes compleLely sparlng only Lhe horse
39 1hus Lhe sons of Sagara of slnful mlnd were burned suddenly on accounL of LhaL flre
of anger llke Lhe dry Lrees LhaL geL consumed ln Lhe foresL conflagraLlon
40 Cn seelng Lhe annlhllaLlon of Lhose evllmlnded Sagaras Lhe uevas spoke Lo one
anoLher ln wonder along wlLh Lhe Sages
4142 Ch Lhe ulLlmaLe bad resulL of Lhose persons who have commlLLed Lerrlble slns has
noL been delayed lndeed ln Lhls world men of wlcked souls have Lo meeL wlLh a bad end
1hese wlcked and cruel mlnded persons huge ln slze llke mounLalns have suddenly and
forclbly perlshed llke dry grass ln flre
43 1hey had caused anxleLy and LorLure Lo all llvlng belngs 1hey were exLremely
censured by good men LhroughouL Lhelr llves lorLunaLely Lhey have meL wlLh Lhelr
desLrucLlon
44 Whlch man can aLLaln happlness ln Lhls world afLer commlLLlng an lnausplclous acLlon
LhaL ls censured by Lhe worlds and LhaL causes harassmenL Lo oLhers? 43 1hese slnners
had made all llvlng belngs cry aloud 1hey have now been sLruck dead by means of
brahmadanda ( Lhe punlshlng rod of a brahmana ) Pence on accounL of Lhelr own evll
acLlons Lhey have gone Lo hell where Lhey wlll be spendlng many many years
46 Pence only good acLlons should be performed by lnLelllgenL persons 1he oLher Lype
of acLlons censured by Lhe world should be casL off far away ( le compleLely avolded )
47 As long as one ls allve one should sLrlve for Lhe aLLalnmenL of flnal beaLlLude 1hls
should be done by one who knows whaL ls good for hlm Cne should noL harm or ln[ure
any one as llfe ls LranslLory
48 1hls body ls nonpermanenL 8lches are exLremely flckle 1he enLlre worldly exlsLence
ls uLLerly worLhless Pow may Lhe learned one belleve ( oLherwlse )? 49 Lven as Lhe
leadlng Suras and sages were Lelllng one anoLher Lhus Lhe sons of Sagara perlshed afLer
becomlng Lhe fuel Lo Lhe flre of Lhe anger of Lhe sage
30 1he sons of Sagara whose bodles were burnL down suddenly ( as lf ) paralysed Lhe
earLh wlLh Lhelr ashes and lnsLanLaneously fell lnLo hell due Lo Lhelr slnful deeds
31 AfLer burnlng Lhose sons of Sagara enLlrely Lhe flre arlslng from hls anger was on Lhe
polnL of burnlng all Lhe worlds suddenly ln a momenL
32 1he uevas who became frlghLened gaLhered LogeLher and sLood by ln Lhe flrmamenL
8elng deslreous of suppresslng Lhe flre of anger Lhey euloglsed Lhe noblesouled sage
CPA1L8 lll1?lCu8
8ecovery of Lhe Sacrlflclal Porse
!almlnl sald lL behoves you C Leadlng 8rahmana Lo resLraln lmmedlaLely Lhls llre of
anger lf noL Lhe enLlre unlverse ls llkely Lo be burnL by lL unLlmely ?our greaLness has been seen 1he
whole world lncludlng Lhe moblle and Lhe lmmoblle belngs has been
pervaded by Lhls flre of your anger lorbear please resLraln Lhls anger C leadlng
8rahmana Cbelsance Lo you
Cn belng euloglsed Lhus Lhe salnLly kaplla lmmedlaLely conLrolled Lhe exLremely Lerrlble
flre of anger 1hereupon Lhe enLlre unlverse lncludlng Lhe moblle and Lhe lmmoblle belngs
became calm uevas and Lhe asceLlcs became free from dlsLress
ln Lhe meanLlme Lhe salnLly 8lshl narada C klng casually wenL Lo Ayodhya from Lhe
uevaloka ( Lhe world of Lhe uevas )
Cn seelng LhaL narada had arrlved Sagara worshlpped hlm perfecLly ln accordance wlLh
Lhe ln[uncLlons of Lhe scrlpLures wlLh Arghya adya and oLher maLerlals of worshlp
AccepLlng LhaL honour and worshlp narada saL on Lhe exalLed seaL and spoke Lhese
words C klng Lo Sagara Lhe Llger among klngs
narada sald ?our sons who had gone Lo Lake horse around Lhe world C excellenL
klng have been sLruck down by Lhe curse of a 8rahmana All of Lhem have perlshed
?our sacrlflclal horse C klng LhaL was belng guarded by all of Lhem was Laken
somewhere ln Lhe heaven wlLhouL belng noLlced by anyone as ordalned by faLe
1hey began Lo search for Lhe losL horse all over Lhe earLh lor a long Llme C klng Lhey
dld noL geL any lnformaLlon of lLs whereabouLs
1hereupon Lhey declded Lo search for Lhe horse underneaLh Lhe earLh 8eglnnlng
earnesLly Lhose Sagaras dug up Lhe surface of Lhe earLh
Whlle dlgglng Lhe earLh C klng Lhey saw Lhe horse ln aLala ( neLherworlds ) and near lL
Lhey saw Lhe greaL sage kaplla Lhe leadlng ?ogln
Cn seelng hlm Lhey commlLLed a slnful deed All of Lhen belng urged by kala (Cod of
deaLh) saylng 1hls ls Lhe robber of Lhe horse Lhey made kaplla sufflclenLly lnfurlaLed
1hereupon your sons perlshed wlLh Lhelr bodles as fuel Lo Lhe flre emanaLlng from hls
eyes and caused by hls anger Lhe flre LhaL burned Lhe quarLers
?ou need noL grleve over Lhem lL does noL behoove you Lo grleve over Lhem C leadlng
klng because Lhey were cruel of slnful conducL and were creaLlng Lroubles and
lmpedlmenLs Lo all people 8eLaln your courage as your asseL