MONDAY, 14th FEBRUARY 2011

INSIDE THE HUMAN BODY: THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM

Writer : Sumayah Hi! I'm the Profess AIR. I want to introduce you to two of my best friends; my HEART and LUNGS. They have been working together, for me, for many, many, many years now. I try to take very good care of these body buddies because they have been so good to me.

THE HEART AND LUNGS ARE MY BODY BUDDIES

SPECIAL FACT ABOUT ME!! I am better known as oxygen delivery system Heart + lung = sibling The average adult's lungs contain about 600 million of alveoli, that are surrounded by capillaries.

Please come along with me as I take you on a trip into my body where we can all learn what makes my heart and lungs my best friends.

INSIDE THIS ISSUE:

Simple things about my 1 body buddies Structure of alveoli

In the alveoli there is a net movement of oxygen into the blood and carbon dioxide out of the blood into the alveoli. There are wonderful characteristics about alveoli that allow efficient gases exchange. 1. The alveoli is constructed of a very thin layer of cells to allow rapid diffusion of the gases. 2. They are surrounded by capillaries to bring them in contact with the blood. 3. They are small anve very numerous allowing for a large surface area to facilitate diffusion.
Respiratory system operates in conjunction with circulatory system

Mechanism of breathing Partial pressure of O2

and CO2

in body

Extravaganza brain

2 3 4

ATTENTION !!!

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HOW DO WE BREATH??
Writer : Sharlida

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The primary function of the respiratory system is to supply the blood

with oxygen in order for the blood to deliver oxygen to all parts of the body

My brain is a very important part of my breathing. My lungs take orders from my brain, telling me to breathe! My brain does this for me even when I'm sleeping!

Actually.When we breathe, we inhale oxygen and exhale carbon dioxide. This exchange of gases is the respiratory system's means of getting oxygen to the blood. Pathways of respiratory system

Did you know .

Respiratory system is achieved through the mouth, nose., trachea, lungs and diaphragm..

Air enter nostril The nasopharynx The oral pharynx The glottis

Lets generate our knowledge:

What do you miss out if you breath through your mouth instead? What force actually causes the lung to inflate or deflate?

The trachea

The bronchi The bronchioles The alveoli

The Mechanics Of Breathing Inhalation

Diaphragm Thoracic cavity Air pressure in lung Movement of ribcage Moves downward Increase Lower Up and out

Exhalation
Moves upward Decrease Increase Down and in

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PARTIAL PRESSURE OF O2 AND CO2 IN BODY

Partial Pressures of O2 and CO2 in the body (normal, resting conditions):

Writer : Hamidah

Alveoli PO2 = 100 mmHg PCO2 = 40 mmHg Alveolar capillaries - Entering the alveolar capillaries PO2 = 40 mmHg (relatively low because this blood has just returned from the systemic circulation & has lost much of its oxygen) PCO2 = 45 mmHg (relatively high because the blood returning from the sys temic circulation has picked up carbon dioxide)

Up your volume info!!

Intra-alveolar pressure during inspiration & expiration

How are oxygen & carbon dioxide transported in the blood?

Oxygen is carried in blood: 1 - bound to hemoglobin (98.5% of all oxygen in the blood)

Leaving the alveolar capillaries PO2 = 100 mm Hg PCO2 = 40 mm Hg Entering the systemic capillaries PO2 = 100 mm Hg PCO2 = 40 mm Hg Body cells (resting conditions) PO2 = 40 mm Hg PCO2 = 45 mm Hg Leaving the systemic capillaries PO2 = 40 mm Hg PCO2 = 45 mm Hg Blood leaving the systemic capillaries returns to the heart (right atrium) via venules & veins (and no gas exchange occurs while blood is in venules & veins). This blood is then pumped to the lungs (and the alveolar capillaries) by the right ventricle.

2 - dissolved in the plasma (1.5%) I breathe to stay alive. Without air, my body would stop working in only a few minutes. Oops! Don't forget to let that air out. It's really amazing! I breathe about 20 times every minute. Each breath is about a cupful of air. This means 20 cups every minute! If I'm running around it could be as much as a hundred cups of air that goes in and out of my lungs. Imagine how much air I use in one day! It's no wonder I want to breathe clean air.

REMEMBER!!!

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Oxygen wants to go to all parts of my body. In my blood, the oxygen catches a ride with a bus called a red blood cell. One teaspoon of blood would have about 25 million of these buses. It's usually pretty easy to get a ride. It catches a ride with a red blood cell just like I catch a bus to go to school or to go downtown.

The buses deliver their oxygen "passengers" to all the cells in our body. Before oxygen can have a seat on the bus, however, another part of the air has to get off. Carbon dioxide, or CO2, is made in my cells. Big names for such little things. Too much carbon dioxide can be poisonous so I have to get rid of it. I just send it to my lungs. It leaves the bus as the blood goes through the lungs and jumps into an air sac. Now I can breathe these poisons out! That's a relief.

My heart and lungs work better with practice, so I need to keep exercising!

"Smoking, You're Joking"

Not everyone treats his or her lungs nicely. Smoking can make your heart and lungs very sick. Smoke causes the blood vessels to become plugged. It stops the lungs from cleaning out the dirt in the air. It also makes your heart work harder!

Swimming, running, or playing catch are all fun things to do! And guess what?! My heart and lungs love it!

I depend on my body buddies every minute of my life! I don't want to hurt them by smoking! TOBACCO Smoking is the biggest cause of preventable lung disease. Your

I hope you have listened very carefully and have learned that your heart and lungs, your body buddies, are very special! Well, so long for now. Remember: if you take care of your body buddies, they will take really good care of you! Bye bye my friends!