Biomes Tropical rain forest

Hum (mm)

Tem C

Abiotic factos Climate and soil Hot and wet year-round; thin, nutrient-poor soils subject to erosion.

Biotic factors Plants Animals Tall trees (canopy), and short trees (understory).

Tropical dry forest

Warm year-round: alternating wet and dry seasons; rich soils subject to erosion.

Tropical grassland/ Savanna/ Shrub land

325mm

25C

Warm, seasonal rainfall; compact soils; frequent fires set by lightning.

Plants include waxy leaf coverings and seasonal leaf loss. Grasses that have a high silica content that makes them less appetizing to herbivores.

Desert

350 mm

15C

Low precipitation, variable temperatures; soils rich in minerals but poor in organic material.

Many types of cacti, and short growth cycles.

Animals migrate during the dry season un search of water. Insects populations are very high; Thousands of zebras, gazelles, savanna predators, like lions,etc. Adaptations to quickly lose body heat and regulate body temperature.

Temperate Grassland

320mm

8C

Warm to hot summers; cold winters, moderate seasonal precipitation; fertile soils, occasional fires. |

Grassland plants

Predators, smaller animals, and camouflage and burrowing are two common adaptations.

TEMPERATE WOODLAND AND SHRUBLAND

250 mm

10C

In open woodlands, large areas of grasses and wildflowers such as poppies are interspersed with oak and others trees. Communities more shrubland are called: chaparral.

Aromatic Herbs, sage, rosemary, thyme, oregano, shrubs, acacia, chamise, grasses.

Mountain Lions Blacktailed Deer Rabbits Squirrels Hawks Quails Warblers Songbirds Lizards Snakes Butterflies Mice, squirrels, deer, red fox, moose, wolf, raccoons, coyotes, bald eagles, wolverines.

Temperate forest

180 mm

0C

Temperate forest are mostly made up of deciduous and evergreen coniferous trees. Fertile soils are often rich in humus.

Pine forests support an herbaceous understory that is generally dominated by grasses and herbaceous perennials. Coniferousevergreen trees (trees that produce cones and needles; some needles remain on the trees all year long)

Northwestern Coniferous forest

200 mm

5C

Mild moist air from the Pacific Ocean influenced by the Rocky Mountains provides abundant rainfall to this biome. It is also called: temperate rain forest.

Bears; large herbivores such as elk and deer; beavers; and predators such as owls, bobcats, and members of the weasel family.

BOREAL FOREST

30 mm

-25C

Dense forests of coniferous along the northern edge of the temperature zone are called boreal forests, or taiga. Winters are bitterly cold, but summers are mild and enough to allow the ground thaw. The tundra is characterized by permafrost, a layer of permanently frozen subsoil. Cold temperature, high winds, a short growing

They are: black, spruce, paper, birch, quaking aspen, red pine, tamarack, white cedar, white pine.

They are: bald, eagle, beaver, black bear, deer gray jay, grouse loon, mink .

TUNDRA

20 mm

-27C

They are: The red plants likely bear berry, grasses, sometimes

They are: caribou (reindeer), musk ox, arctic hare, arctic fox, snowy

season, and humus-poor soils also limit plant height.

associated with subshrubs, lichens, mosses, and dwarf woody plants (pound).

owl, lemmings, and polar bears.