Flooding

the level of a body of water rises until it

overflows its natural or artificial confines
& submerges land in the surrounding area
 Types of Flooding
According to terrain
– River flooding (River floodplains)
– Coastal flooding (Shorelines)

According to duration
– Flash flooding (upstream floods)
– Sheet flooding (downstream floods)
 COASTAL FLOODS

Coastal Flooding

• Tsunamis/ storm surges

• Unusually high tides
• Very high rainfall (high water
table)
• Urban development on
compressible sediments can lead
to subsidence
(e.g. CAMANAVA)
 FLASHFLOODS
 Flood of short duration with
relatively high peak
naturaldischarge
flashfloods: induced flashfloods:
 Strictly of short duration  Basins of any shape
 Basins with circular shape  Formation and then
 Occurring regularly breaching of temporary
 Merges into sheet floods dams e.g. log jams and /or
earth debris along the river
course (e.g. Agos River,
Infanta, Quezon)
Timbaban River,
Madalag, Aklan - 2003
FLASH FLOODS
BEFORE •Natural flashflood

4 meters
Timbaban River,
Madalag, Aklan - 2003
•Natural flashflood
AFTER
 SHEET FLOODS
A broad expanse of moving, storm-
born water that spreads as a thin,
continuous, relatively uniform film
over a large area and is not
concentrated in to a well defined
channels.

Infanta , Quezon Province

November 30, 2004
 CULTURE: “ACCEPTANCE OF FLOODS AS A WAY OF LIFE”

Cruising the flood in style

… vs. A CULTURE OF
DISASTER PREVENTION/
MANAGEMENT
 MITIGATION

•Sustained actions taken to reduce or eliminate

long term risk to people, infrastructure and
property from flood hazards and their effects.

•Measures taken in advance of a disaster

aimed at decreasing or eliminating its impact on
society and environment.
 MITIGATION
– Structural & Engineering measures
– aimed at controlling flooding

– Regulation,emergency response
programs and compensation
packages
– aimed at decreasing vulnerability and
adjusting to the hazards
 NON-ENGINEERING
MEASURES

1. Geohazard Mapping and Zonation

2. IEC (Information, Education Campaign)
3. Land Use Planning
4. Regulations
e.g. limit floodplain development to applications
that are appropriate/ adaptable to recurrent
inundations – recreational or certain types of
farming