LectureNotes#8

WeldedConnections

Professor Guowei Ma Office: 160 Tel: 61-8-6488-3102 Email: ma@civil.uwa.edu.au

WeldDesignStandards
AS/NZS1554.1:Structuralsteelwelding Weldingofsteelstructures AS1554.2:Structuralsteelwelding Stud welding(steelstudstosteel) AS/NZS1554.5:Structuralsteelwelding Weldingofsteelstructuressubjecttohigh levelsoffatigueloading

WeldedConnections
Fabrication Fieldwork

Compoundingofsections

WeldedConnections
Intermediatewebstiffeners

WeldSymbols

FailureModesofWeldedJoints
Ductilefractureatanominalstressinthevicinityofthe ultimatestrengthoftheweldmetalortheparentmetal, whicheveristhelower Brittlefractureatanominalstresslowerthanultimate strengthandsometimeslowerthantheworkingstress Progressivefracturingbyfatigueafteracertainnumberof stresscycles Othercausessuchascorrosion,corrosionfatigue,stress corrosionandcreep,butthesearerelativelyrareinsteel structures
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DesignRequirement
(a)Theparentmaterialmustbeductile,ornotchtough,atthe servicetemperatureintendedandforthethicknessrequired (b)Thedetailsofjointsmustbesuchthatstressconcentrations areminimized (c)Reductionofductilitybytriaxial stressingshouldbeavoided atcriticaljoints (d)Welddefectsshouldbebelowthespecifiedmaximumsize (e)Weldedfabricationshouldnotsubstantiallyaltermaterial properties.
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SelectionofWeldType
Buttsplices,lapsplices,Tjoints,cruciformandcornerjoints Butt,filletorcompound

LamellarTearing

ButtWelds

Welddefectsinbuttweld

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ButtWelds

Plateedgepreparationforbuttweld

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FilletWelds
Longitudinal filletweld

Transverse filletweld

Intermittent filletweld

Plugand slotweld
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FilletWelds

Typicalwelddefectinfilletweld

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CompoundWelds
Hybridofafilletandbuttweld: formerweldtypeissuperimposedontothelatter Designthroatthickness(DTT) Thedesignthroatthickness(tt)ofaweldistheminimumdistance fromtherootofaweldtoitsface,lessanyreinforcement

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DesignofButtWelds
Completepenetrationbuttweldabuttweldinwhich fusionexistsbetweentheweldandparentmetal throughoutthecompletedepthofthejoint. Incompletepenetrationbuttweldabuttweldinwhich fusionexistsoverlessthanthecompletedepthofthe joint.

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CPBW
Clause9.7.2.7(a)ofAS4100notesthatthedesigncapacityofa CPBWisequaltothenominalcapacityoftheweakestpartbeing joinedmultipliedbyacapacityreductionfactor,,whichis commensuratewiththeweldquality.FromTable3.4ofAS4100 =0.9forCPBWwithSPqualityand =0.6forCPBWwithGP quality.ThisappliestoCBPWsubjecttotransverseandshear loads.

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CPBW
Basedontheabove,fortwosimilarplatesjoinedbyaCPBW withSPquality(=0.9)weldedtoAS/NZS1554.1orAS/NZS 1554.5,theAS4100definitionnotesthattheweldisasstrong asthejoinedplateelementsandnofurthercalculationis required(iftheplateshavebeenalreadysizedforthedesign loads).IfthelowerqualityGPcategoryisusedinsteadoftheSP categoryforthisconnectiontype(i.e.with =0.6),theCPBW willhavealowerdesigncapacitythaneachofthetwosimilar connectedplatesbyafactorof(0.6/0.9=)0.667.

IPBW
AstheweldfusioninaIPBWdoesnotcoverthefulldepthof thejoint,Clause9.7.2.7(b)ofAS4100statesthatIPBWareto bedesignedasfilletwelds(seeSection8.7.2).Thecapacity reductionfactor,,forIPBWisthesameasthatforfillet welds.

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DesignofFilletJoint

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DesignofFilletJoint

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Capacityofafilletweld

:0.8(forSPqualitywelds); 0.6(forGPqualitywelds) 0.7(forSPcategorylongitudinalweldstoRHSwitht3mm)

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MinimumSizeofaFilletWeld

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Designcapacitiesofequallegfillet welds(inkN per1mmweldlength)

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AlonganEdge

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Analysisofweldgroups
(a) Theweldsareregardedashomogeneous,isotropicand elasticelements. (b) Thepartsconnectedbyweldingareassumedtoberigid,but thisassumptionshouldnotbemadeifthereisdoubtabout therigidityofadjoiningplates. (c) Theeffectsofresidualstresses,stressconcentrationand triaxial stressconditionsareneglectedontheassumption thattheultimatestrengthofweldgroupsisnotsignificantly affectedbytheseparameters.
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Capacityreductionfactors,,for welds

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InPlaneLoad

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OutofPlaneLoad

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OutofPlaneLoad
Alternativeprocedure

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OutofPlaneLoad
Alternativeprocedure

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DesignConnectionsasWhole

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DesignConnectionsasWhole
Beamflangeweldcapacity Beamwebweldcapacity Columnwebcapacityinbearing(crushing) Columnflangecapacityatbeamtensionflangeregion Columnwebcapacityinshearyieldingandshearbuckling Columnwebcapacityincompressivebuckling Otherchecks

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DesignConnectionsasWhole

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