LECTURE 9 REVIEW QUESTIONS

1/ Briefly describe what borders and jurisdiction are

a. POWER: Power is the form of control over physical space and the people and objects that reside in that space, is a defining characteristic of statehood. Effective law enforcement requires power. The ability of a government to exert control over a person or corporation is called jurisdiction. The level of power asserted by a government is limited to that which is accepted by the culture that exists within its geographic boundaries.

b. EFFECTS:
Laws in the physical world are grounded in the relationship between physical proximity and the effects of a persons behavior. Government-provided trademark protection is a good example. The characteristics of laws are determined by the local cultures acceptance of or reluctance to various kinds of effects.

c. LEGITIMACY:
Most people agree that the legitimate right to create and enforce laws derives from the mandate of those who are subject to those laws. Legitimacy is the idea that those subject to laws should have some role in formulating them.

d. NOTICE:
The physical boundary, when crossed, provides notice that one set of rules has been replaced by a different set of rules. Borders provide this notice in the physical world. The legal systems of most countries include a concept called constructive notice.

2/ Simply explain the difficulties faced with jurisdiction in international commerce

Jurisdiction is more difficult on the Internet because traditional geographic boundaries do not exist. The Internet does not provide anything like the obvious international boundary lines in the physical world. Thus, the four considerations that work so well in the physical world_ power, effects, legitimacy, and notice _ do not translate very well o the virtual world of electronic commerce.

3/ Enforcing an electronic commerce contract can be difficult. What are some of the strategies used to help overcome these problems? 4/ The Internet has provided a rich platform for spreading illicit items. The us e of the following terms helps control some of the issues of pirating:
COPYRIGHT PATENTS TRADEMARKS INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY REGISTRATION DEFAMATION DECEPTIVE TRADE PRACTICES ADVERTISING REGULATIONS

5/ Online crime is a serious and growing concern. What are some of the types of this type of crime that can be seen on the Internet?
Online versions of physical world crimes Theft, stalking, pornography distribution, gambling New online crime Commandeering computer to attack other computers

6/ Ethics is a difficult issue on the web because what is ethical to one culture or group of people may not be seen as ethical to others groups. Therefore defining what is fair and ethical can be difficult to determine. What are some of the strategies a business could implement in order to be as fair and ethical as possible? 7/ What realistic expectations could customers have in regards to the information and payment details on the Internet? How would these privacy rights be protected and demonstrated to customers? 8/ Protecting children has become a major issue on the Internet with newspapers every day discussing some violation towards the privacy and protection of children. What are some of these concerns and what sort of countermeasures could be put in place? 9/ Taxation and electronic commerce has long been considered difficult to enact across international boundaries. What strategies have you experienced to overcome taxation charges from country to country?