Biol.

Skopje
Macedonica No 57/58 39-53
Skopje
2004/2005

ISSN: 1857-5277 UDK: 582.28(497.7)

ECOLOGY AND DISTRIBUTION OF GENUS HYMENOCHAETE

(HYMENOCHAETACEAE) IN THE REPUBLIC OF MACEDONIA

Mitko Karadelev and Katerina Rusevska

Institute of Biology, Faculty of Natural Science and Mathematics, P.O.

Box 162, Arhimedova 5, 1000 Skopje, the Republic of Macedonia

e-mail: mitkok@iunona.pmf.ukim.edu.mk
krusevska@macedonia.eu.org

ABSTRACT

Karadelev, M. & K. Rusevska, 2004-2005: Ecology and Distribution

of Genus Hymenochaete Lév. (Hymenochaetaceae) in the Republic of
Macedonia. Biol. Macedonica, 57/58:39-52.
This is the first paper of systematic research into Hymenochaete genus
in the Republic of Macedonia. Of the total of seven species of this genus
in Europe, with the research in the Republic of Macedonia to date, the fol-
lowing six species have been recorded: Hymenochaete cinnamomea, H.
cruenta, H. fuliginosa, H. rubiginosa, H. subfuliginosa and H. tabacina.

Key words: Fungi, Hymenochaete spp., reported species, ecology and

distribution, Republic of Macedonia
Klu~ni zborovi: gabi, Hymenochaete spp., registrirani
vidovi, ekologija i rasprostranuvawe, Republika Makedonija

Biol. Macedonica 57/58: 39-53

40 Mitko Karadelev and Katerina Rusevska

INTRODUCTION

In Macedonia systematic research on the genus Hymenochaete Lév.

1846 has not been conducted up till now, and there are relatively few
mycological papers concerned only with individual species of this genus.
Publications making reference to individual species of Hymenochatete
genus are as follows: Hymenochaete cinnamomea (Pilàt & Lindtner 1938;
Karadelev 1993, 1999, 2000; Karadelev et al. 2002 a, c and Karadelev &
Rusevska 2004), Hymenochaete cruenta (Karadelev 1993), Hymeno-
chaete fuliginosa (Karadelev 1993, 1995, 1998), Hymenochaete rubigi-
nosa (Tortic 1988; Karadelev 1993; Karadelev et al. 2002 a, b, c, e),
Hymenochaete subfuliginosa (Tortic 1988; Karadelev 1993, 1998),
Hymenochaete tabacina (Karadelev 1999, 2000; Karadelev et al. 2002 a
and Karadelev & Rusevska 2004). After the revision of the species
Hymenochaete corrugata (Karadelev et al. 2002 c) by E. Parmasto, it was
ascertained that it was in fact Hymenochaete cinnamomea.
The distinctive features of this genus are the following: Fruiting body
annual, resupinate to effused-reflexed, brown. Hymenophore smooth but
brown setae can be seen with hand-lens, often stratified or multi-layered.
Trama layer present or absent. Fruiting body black in KOH. Hyphal sys-
tem monomitic. Hyphae yellow to brown, often thick-walled. Clamps
absent. Setae present in hymenium, in a few species also in the trama, sub-
ulate or acuminate. Spores ovoid to allantoid, hyaline (often difficult to
find). Saprobes on wood of deciduous and coniferous trees, causing white
rot, in a few species as a pocket rot. There are approximately 100 species
in the world principally distributed in tropical areas.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

The sources of this list have been papers published, exsiccates

deposited in different collections, and research notes of the present
authors. Some of the specimens, as mentioned above, have been preserved
at the Botanical Department, Faculty of Science in Zagreb, and in the
National Collection of Fungi (FUNGI MACEDONICI) at the Institute of
Biology, Faculty of Natural Science, Ss Cyril and Methodius University in
Skopje. The collections in the fungarium of the Botanical Department,
Faculty of Science in Zagreb, have been mostly collected and examined
by M. Tortic. All other species without any fungaria marks in the text have
been collected and determined by the present authors. Certain species in
the cited fungaria have been revised or determined by Erast Parmasto

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ECOLOGY AND DISTRIBUTION OF GENUS HYMENOCHAETE (HYMENOCHAETACEAE)... 41

from the Institute of Zoology and Botany, Tartu, Estonia, and his name has
been appended.
The identification of the species of Hymenochaete has been done
according to Domañski (1975), Jülich (1984), Breitenbach & Kränzlin
(1986), Jahn (1990), Corfixen et al. (1997) and Krieglsteiner (2000). In a
few cases, the names of the species have been modified according to Index
Fungorum 2005. The species are reported alphabetically. Under each fun-
gal species data of geographical distribution, altitude, forest association,
substrate, data source and previous publications are provided.

RESULTS

Of the total of seven species of Hymenochaetae genus identified in

Europe, to date the following six species have been recorded in the
Republic of Macedonia:

1. Hymenochaete cinnamomea (Pers.) Bres.

Bistra Mt.:
- vill. Lazaropole, between Gjurepi and Cucul; 1300 m a.s.l.; beech
forest; stump of Fagus; 27.09.2003; notes K. Rusevska; (Karadelev
& Rusevska 2004);
Galicica Mt.:
- vill. Leskoec; 1000 m a.s.l.; oak forest; fallen branches of Quercus
frainetto; 15.07.1987; exs. MAK 87/1903; rev. E. Parmasto;
- Voloko Legalo; 1300 m a.s.l.; Cornus mas; 19.07.1988; notes
Karadelev; (Karadelev 1993);
- Ohrid Lake, between Gradiste and vill. Trpejca; 800 m a.s.l.; fallen
branch of Carpinus orientalis; 14.10.1988; exs. Tortic; notes M.
Tortic; (Karadelev 1993);
Karadzica Mt.:
- r. Kadina Reka, 1000 m a.s.l.; rotten wood of Fagus; 24.06.1994;
exs. MAK 94/4256
Korab Mt.:
- Nicpur; 1400 m a.s.l.; Festuco heterophyllae-Fagetum; wood of
Fagus; 07.1937; exs. Pilàt and Lindtner 1938, PRM; rev. M. Tortic;
(Pilàt and Lindtner 1938);
Kozjak Mt. (between Nidze Mt. and Kozuf Mt.):
- vill. Majdan, sheepfold; 1620 m a.s.l.; Populus tremula; 19.07.2000;
notes BSRS

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42 Mitko Karadelev and Katerina Rusevska

Ograzden Mt.:
- Dzami Tepe; 1250 m a.s.l.; mixed forest (Fagus, Pinus sylvestris
and P. nigra); rotten trunk of Corylus avellana; 13.07.2000; MAK
00/1532; rev. E. Parmasto; (Karadelev et al. 2002 c, published as
Hymenochaete corrugata);
- Sumanov Cukar; 1300 m a.s.l.; rotten branches of Corylus avellana;
14.07.2000; exs. MAK 00/1519; MAK 00/1566; rev. E. Parmasto;
(Karadelev et al. 2002 c);
Skopje:
- Katlanovska Banja; 250-300 m a.s.l.; Querco-Carpinetum oriental-
is; wood of Buxus sempervirens, Fraxinus ornus, Carpinus oriental-
is etc.; 07.1937; exs. Pilàt and Lindtner 1938, PRM, BEO; notes
Tortic; rev. M. Tortic; (Pilàt and Lindtner 1938);
Sar Planina Mt.:
- around mt. house "Sarski Vodi"; 1400-1500 m a.s.l.; Calamintho
grandiflorae-Fagetum; woody debris of Corylus avellana;
8.07.1998; exs. MAK 98/1739; rev. E. Parmasto; (Karadelev et al.
2002 a);
- above vill. Peckovo; 1000 m a.s.l.; oak forest; rotten branches of
Juniperus oxycedrus; 13.07.1998; exs. MAK 98/1665; (Karadelev
et al. 2002 a);
- below vill. Dolno Jelovce; 1000 m a.s.l.; Castanetum sativae mace-
donicum; rotten wood of Castanea sativa; 15.07.1998; exs. MAK
98/1927; rev. E. Parmasto; (Karadelev et al. 2002 a);
- r. Causica; 1200 m a.s.l.; fallen branches and trunks of Corylus avel-
lana; 17.07.1996; notes BSRS; (Karadelev 1999, 2000; Karadelev
et al. 2002 a);
- vill. Vratnica; 750 m a.s.l.; oak forest; fallen branches of Corylus
avellana; 17.07.1997; exs. MAK 97/2948

2. Hymenochaete cruenta (Pers.) Donk

Galicica Mt.:
- Voloko Legalo; 1600-1800 m a.s.l.; Abieti-Fagetum meridionale;
dry branch of living Abies; 27.07.1988; notes Karadelev; (Karadelev
1993);

3. Hymenochaete fuliginosa (Pers.) Lév.

Galicica Mt.:
- vill. Konjsko; 950 m a.s.l.; Pruno webbii-Juniperetum excelsae; liv-
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ECOLOGY AND DISTRIBUTION OF GENUS HYMENOCHAETE (HYMENOCHAETACEAE)... 43

ing tree of Juniperus excelsa; 14.07.1988; notes Karadelev;

(Karadelev 1993, Karadelev 1995, 1998);
- Karov Kamen; 1500-1600 m a.s.l.; Abieti-Fagetum; Abies;
28.07.1988; notes Karadelev; (Karadelev 1993, Karadelev 1995);
Kozjak Mt. (between Nidze Mt. And Kozuf Mt.):
- vill. Majdan, sheepfold; 1620 m a.s.l.; wood used in construction;
20.07.2000; exs. MAK 00/548
Prespa Lake:
- island Golem Grad; 900 m a.s.l.; Pruno webbii-Juniperetum excel-
sae; dry branches of Juniperus excelsa; 25.06.1988, 30.11.1987,
22.07.1987; exs. MAK 87/2461; notes Karadelev; rev. E. Parmasto;
(Karadelev 1993, Karadelev 1995, 1998);
- island Golem Grad; 900 m a.s.l.; Pruno webbii-Juniperetum excel-
sae; fallen branches of Juniperus excelsa; 09.10.2000; exs. MAK
00/4609;
Sar Planina Mt.:
- road to Lesnica; 1600 m a.s.l.; Abieti-Fagetum meridionale; fallen
branches of Abies; 08.07.1993; exs. MAK 93/1599; rev. E.
Parmasto;

4. Hymenochaete rubiginosa (Dicks.) Lév.

Belasica Mt.:
- vill. Smolare, near water-fall; 400 m a.s.l.; mixed forest (Fagus and
Castanea); log of Castanea sativa; 01.05.2002; exs. MAK 02/2610;
rev. E. Parmasto;
Galicica Mt.:
- wood of Quercus frainetto; 19.09.1986; exs. Tortic; notes M. Tortic;
- north-west from Carina; 1000 m a.s.l.; stump of Quercus frainetto;
1.05.1988; notes Karadelev; (Karadelev 1993);
- Dolovi; 1000 m a.s.l.; Quercus frainetto; 14.07.1987; notes Kara-
delev; (Karadelev 1993);
- Leskoec; 950-1000 m a.s.l.; Quercus cerris, Q. frainetto;
16.07.1988; 18.07.1988; notes Karadelev; (Karadelev 1993);
- Leskoec; 1050 m a.s.l.; stump of Quercus cerris; 18.07.1988; notes
Karadelev; (Karadelev 1993);
- Golem Rid; 1000 m a.s.l.; Quercus frainetto; 14.07.1987; notes
Karadelev; (Karadelev 1993);
- Otesevo, above Carina; oak forest; stump of Quercus petraea;
19.09.1975; notes M. Tortic; (Tortic 1988);
- Otesevo; 900-950 m a.s.l.; stump of Quercus frainetto; 17.07.1987;

Biol. Macedonica 57/58: 39-53

44 Mitko Karadelev and Katerina Rusevska

notes Karadelev; (Karadelev 1993);

- Otesevo; 1100-1300 m a.s.l.; Quercus pubescens; 20.07.1988; notes
Karadelev; (Karadelev 1993);
- Pljuska; 1000 m a.s.l.; stump of Quercus frainetto; 6.07.1987,
13.07.1987; notes Karadelev; (Karadelev 1993);
- Pljuska; 900 m a.s.l.; stump of Quercus frainetto; 30.04.1988, stump
of Quercus pubescens; 25.07.1988; notes Karadelev; (Karadelev
1993);
- Precna Planina; 900 m a.s.l.; stump of Quercus frainetto;
20.01.1988; stump of Quercus pubescens; 12.07.1988; notes
Karadelev; (Karadelev 1993);
- Precna Planina; 900-950 m a.s.l.; Quercus pubescens; 22.07.1987;
notes Karadelev;
- Precna Planina; 900 m a.s.l.; stump of Quercus trojana; 27.07.1987,
28.07.1987; notes Karadelev; (Karadelev 1989; Karadelev 1993);
- Prcno Brdo; Quercus frainetto; 15.07.1988; notes Karadelev; (Kara-
delev 1993);
- vill. Stenje; 900 m a.s.l.; stump of Quercus frainetto; 25.07.1987;
notes Karadelev; (Karadelev 1993);
- vill. Stenje; 950 m a.s.l.; dry branch of Quercus frainetto, Q. cerris;
15.07.1988; notes Karadelev; (Karadelev 1993);
Debar:
- Debarska Banja; 600-700 m a.s.l.; Querco-Carpinetum orientalis;
stump of Quercus pubescens (etc.?); 24.09.1972; exs. Tortic; notes
M. Tortic; (Tortic 1988);
Jakupica Mt.:
- Ceples; 1200-1300 m a.s.l.; Festuco heterophyllae-Fagetum; log of
Fagus; 08.07.1999; exs. MAK 99/2328; rev. E. Parmasto;
(Karadelev et al. 2002 b);
Kitka Mt.:
- Preslap; 1000 m a.s.l.; rotten wood of Quercus cerris; 24.06.1994;
exs. 94/42227
- mt. house; 900 m a.s.l.; oak forest; stump of Quercus sp.;
30.11.2003; exs. MAK 03/3529; rev. E. Parmasto;
Kozuf Mt.:
- vill. Konjari; 1000 m a.s.l.; Orno-Quercetum petraeae; log of
Quercus petraea; 24.08.1984; exs. MAK 84/2107; rev. M. Tortic;
(Tortic 1988, Karadelev 1993);
- between vill. Konopiste and summer resort "Mihajlovo"; 750-1200;
mixed forest (Fagus, Quercus, Pinus); rotten wood of broadleave
tree; 11.07.2005; exs. MAK 05/5000;

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ECOLOGY AND DISTRIBUTION OF GENUS HYMENOCHAETE (HYMENOCHAETACEAE)... 45

Ograzden Mt.:
- r. Suvolacka Reka; 900 m a.s.l.; fallen branches of Quercus petraea;
10.07.2000; exs. MAK 00/1443; rev. E. Parmasto; (Karadelev et al.
2002 c);
Osogovski Planini Mt.:
- Monastery St. Joakim Osogovski; 900 m a.s.l.; Orno-Quercetum
petraeae; trunk; 12.06.1993; notes M. Karadelev;
Sar Planina Mt.:
- vill. Brezno; 950 m a.s.l.; stump of Castanea sativa; 19.07.1996;
exs. MAK 96/510; rev. E. Parmasto; (Karadelev et al. 2002 a);
- vill. Vratnica; 750 m a. s. l.; Castanetum sativae macedonicum; rot-
ten wood of Castanea sativa; 17.07.1997; exs. MAK 97/2952;
(Karadelev et al. 2002 a);
- above vill. Peckovo; 1000 m a.s.l.; oak forest; log of Quercus cer-
ris; 13.07.1998; exs. MAK 98/1663; rev. E. Parmasto; (Karadelev et
al. 2002 a);

5. Hymenochaete subfuliginosa Bourdot & Galzin

Gevgelija:
- Bogdanci; 150-250 m a.s.l.; wood of Quercus sp.; 28.03.1984; exs.
Tortic; rev. M. Tortic; (Tortic 1988);
- Bogdanci, Pobregovo; 80 m a.s.l.; Querco-Carpinetum orientalis;
rotten branch of Quercus pubescens; 02.1984; notes Karadelev;
(Karadelev 1993);
Galicica Mt.:
- Volko Legalo; 1200 m a.s.l.; Ostrya; 19.07.1988; notes Karadelev;
(Karadelev 1993);
- vill. Konjsko; 900 m a.s.l.; stump of Quercus pubescens;
13.07.1988; notes Karadelev; (Karadelev 1993);
- Leskoec; 1000 m a.s.l.; Quercus frainetto, Carpinus betulus;
15.07.1987, 16.07.1988; notes Karadelev; (Karadelev 1993);
- Otesevo; 900 m a.s.l.; Quercus pubescens; 20.07.1988; notes
Karadelev; (Karadelev 1993);
- Pljuska; 1000 m a.s.l.; Quercetum frainetto-cerris; fallen branches
of Quercus frainetto; 18.07.1987; exs. MAK 87/2469; rev. E.
Parmasto; (Karadelev 1993);
- Precna Planina; 1000 m a.s.l.; dry trunk of Quercus pubescens, Q.
trojana; 12.07.1988; notes Karadelev; (Karadelev 1993, 1998);
- Precna Planina; 900-950 m a.s.l.; Quercus trojana; 20.07.1988;

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46 Mitko Karadelev and Katerina Rusevska

notes Karadelev; (Karadelev 1993, 1998);

- Precna Planina; 900 m a.s.l.; Ostrya carpinifolia; 28.07.1987; exs.
MAK 87/4675;
- vill. Stenje; 950 m a.s.l.; fallen branch of Quercus cerris;
11.07.1988; notes Karadelev; (Karadelev 1993);
Kumanovo:
- vill. Malotino; 900 m a.s.l.; rotten wood of Quercus petraea;
14.05.1988; exs. MAK 88/4667;
Kozuf Mt.:
- between summer resor "Mihajlovo" and Cvrstec; 1250-1400; beech
forest; rotten wood of Quercus petraea; 17.07.2005; exs. MAK
05/5099;
Sar Planina Mt.:
- near Lesnica; rotten wood of Fagus or Abies; 6.07.1993; exs. MAK
93/4556;

6. Hymenochaete tabacina (Sowerby) Lév.

Bistra Mt.:
- vill. Lazaropole, road to Sokolica; 1300-1400 m a.s.l.; Orno-
Quercetum petraeae; dry branches of Corylus avellana; 28.09.2003;
exs. MAK 03/3454 (Karadelev & Rusevska 2004);
- above vill. Tresonce; 1100 m a.s.l.; Querco-Carpinetum orientalis;
fallen branches of Corylus avellana; 12.07.2003; exs. MAK
03/3425; (Karadelev et al. 2002 e – published as H. rubiginosa);
Galicica Mt.:
- Precna Planina; 950 m a.s.l.; dry branch of Juniperus oxycedrus;
07.1988; notes Karadelev; (Karadelev 1993);
Karadzica Mt.:
- r. Kadina Reka; 1000 m a.s.l.; Festuco heterophyllae-Fagetum; rot-
ten wood of Fagus; 24.06.1994; exs. MAK 94/1011; rev. E.
Parmasto; (Karadelev 1999, 2000);
Ogražden Mt.:
- Sumanov Cukar; 1300 m a.s.l.; mixed forest (Fagus, Pinus
sylvestris and P. nigra); fallen log of Corylus avellana; 14.07.2000;
exs. MAK 00/1567;
Sar Planina Mt.:
- above vill. Peckovo; 1100 m a.s.l.; oak forest; rotten branches of
Corylus avellana; 13.07.1998; exs. MAK 98/1664; (Karadelev et al.
2002 a);

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ECOLOGY AND DISTRIBUTION OF GENUS HYMENOCHAETE (HYMENOCHAETACEAE)... 47

- around mt. house "Sarski Vodi"; 1300 m a.s.l.; Calamintho grandi-

florae-Fagetum; rotten wood of Fagus; 7.07.1998; exs. MAK
98/1752; (Karadelev et al. 2002 a);
- Tri Vodi; 1450 m a.s.l.; fallen branches and trunks of Fagus;
18.07.1996; notes BSRS; (Karadelev 1999, 2000; Karadelev et al.
2002 a);
- vill. Gorno Jelovce; 1400 m a.s.l.; oak forest; rotten wood of
Corylus avellana; 9.07.1998; exs. MAK 98/1724; (Karadelev et al.
2002 a);

DISCUSSION

Of the total of seven species of Hymenochaetae genus known in

Europe, thus far in the Republic of Macedonia the following six species
have been recorded: Hymenochaete cinnamomea, H. cruenta, H. fuli-
ginosa, H. rubiginosa, H. subfuliginosa and H. tabacina. The localities
where these fungi were found are presented on Figures 1 and 2.

Hymenochaete cinnamomea grows on logs and branches of decidu-

ous trees, most commonly Corylus, and rarely on conifers. It is a perenni-
al species, found throughout the year. It is not a common species. Almost
thermophilic, which may be found up to 700 m altitude on the sun sides
of mountainous locations (Krieglsteiner, 2000). It causes a pocket rot on
deciduous trees. In the Republic of Macedonia it grows on stumps, fallen
and rotten branches, rotten trunk, rotten wood, and woody debris of the
following substrates: Buxus sempervirens, Carpinus orientalis, Castanea
sativa, Cornus mas, Corylus avellana, Fagus, Fraxinus ornus, Juniperus
oxycedrus, Quercus frainetto. The following eight localities are identified
in the R. Macedonia: mountains of Bistra, Galicica, Karadzica, Korab,
Kozjak, Sar Planina, Ograzden, and in the area Skopje. As regards its ver-
tical distribution, it is found between 250 and 1,500 m altitude. As indicat-
ed by Karadelev (1999, 2000), it is rare in Macedonia, but judging by the
latest published (Karadelev at. all. 2002 a,c; Karadelev & Rusevska 2004)
and unpublished data (Galicica Mt. on Quercus frainetto, Karadzica Mt.
on Fagus and Kozjak Mt. on Populus tremula), a conclusion may be
drawn that it is not a rare species.

Hymenochaete cruenta grows on crust of dry branches and trunks of

Abies, at 15-30 m height. It is a widely spread species, found all year

Biol. Macedonica 57/58: 39-53

48 Mitko Karadelev and Katerina Rusevska

around. Basidiocarps growth is fully dependent on atmospheric humidity.

In Europe it is submeridional to southern-moderate species (Carpathian-
Alpine) and follows the natural areal of the genus Abies (Krieglsteiner,
2000). For the Republic of Macedonia, there is only one datum – Galicica
Mt., on Abies borisii-regis (Karadelev, 1993); therefore a conclusion on its
distribution cannot be drawn.

Hymenochaete fuliginosa typically grows on conifers (Picea, Abies,

Pinus), and in northern Europe it also grows on Salix. It grows on the
inside of logs or fallen branches, with or without crust. It is a perennial,
rare species, found throughout the year. According to data provided by
Kriegelsteiner (2000), in Europe it is distributed from southern France
through central Europe all the way to northern Europe. In Macedonia it
has generally been found on Juniperus excelsa (Karadelev, 1993), and the
finds on Abies (Sar Planina Mt) and wood used in construction (Kozjak
Mt.) are data of more substrates where the species has been found in
Macedonia. According to the existing data, it is not a very common
species.

Hymenochaete rubiginosa grows on trunks and branches of Quercus,

Castanea sativa as well as on processed wood. It is a frequent species,
found all year round. It is perennial, often becoming over 10-year old and
producing a pocket rot. As maintained by Krieglsteiner (2000), it is found
in all autochthonous oak and mixed forests and prefers protected lowland
and moderately southern-exposed, rather dry habitats. In the Medite-
rranean, it also grows on Arbutus unedo (Melo & Cardoso, 1985). In
Macedonia it has been found on the following substrates: Quercus species
(Q. cerris, Q. frainetto, Q. petraea, Q. pubescens, Q. trojana - Karadelev,
1993), on Castanea sativa (Tortic 1988), on Fagus and Corylus avellana
(Karadelev et al. 2002 b). Unpublished data come from the following
localities: Belasica Mt., Kitka Mt., Kozuf Mt. (Konopiste vill.), Ograzden
Mt. and Osogovski Planini Mt. It is a common species found at 900-1400
m altitude.

Hymenochaete subfuliginosa is bound on various Quercus spp.

growing on prostrate trunks, branches and stumps. According to Jahn
(1971), it has been found in France, Switzerland, Germany, the Czech
Republic, Slovakia, Sweden, and Finland and it is probably bound to a
summer dry climate. In Macedonia it has been found in the southern parts
of the country on Quercus sp. (Tortic & Karadelev 1986). Other data
derive from the following substrates: Carpinus betulus, Fagus sylvatica,

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ECOLOGY AND DISTRIBUTION OF GENUS HYMENOCHAETE (HYMENOCHAETACEAE)... 49

Ostrya carpinifolia, Quercus cerris, Q. frainetto, Q. pubescens, Q. tro-

jana, from the southern parts, too (Karadelev 1993). New localities for
this species are Kozuf Mt., on Quercus petraea, Kumanovo, on Quercus
petraea, and Sar Planina Mt., on rotten wood of Fagus or Abies. It is
astonishing that the latter find is from 1,400 m altitude, which is unusual
for this thermophilic species.

Hymenochaete tabacina grows on dead wood of shrubs and broad-

leaved trees, on branches and trunks, both fallen and standing or attached
respectively, of Corylus, Salix, etc., but never on Quercus. It is found
throughout the year, occasionally in large numbers; widespread. It is nor-
mally annual, but sometimes old fruiting bodies are overgrown by young
ones Jahn (1971). First and foremost it is found in light bush habitats,
along riverbanks, channels, dams, ditches, and also at forest sides and
roadsides. In the Republic of Macedonia it has been recorded on the fol-
lowing substrates: Coryllus avellana - Sar Planina Mt. (Karadelev et al.
2002 a), Bistra Mt. (Karadelev & Rusevska 2004); Fagus - Karadzica Mt.
(Karadelev 1999), Sar Planina Mt. (Karadelev et al. 2002 a); Juniperus
oxycedrus – Galicica Mt. (Karadelev 1993). The find on Coryllus avellana

Fig. 1. Distribution map of Hymenochaete rubiginosa, Hymenochaete fuliginosa

and Hymenochaete cruenta

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50 Mitko Karadelev and Katerina Rusevska

Fig. 2. Distribution map of Hymenochaete cinnamomea, Hymenochaete tabacina

and Hymenochaete subfuliginosa

from Ograzden Mt. is a new one. Concerning its vertical distribution, it is

found at 950-1,400 m altitude.

CONCLUSION

Of the total of seven species of Hymenochaetae genus identified in

Europe, to date the following six species have been recorded in the
Republic of Macedonia: Hymenochaete cinnamomea, H. cruenta, H. fuli-
ginosa, H. rubiginosa, H. subfuliginosa and H. tabacina. It is only the
species Hymenochaete corrugata that has not been recorded in the
Republic of Macedonia, but it is expected that further research will con-
tribute to a more detailed overview of the country’s distribution of the
species belonging to this genus. The species H. rubiginosa and H. tabaci-
na are common and widespread species in the Republic of Macedonia.
Less frequent species are H. fuliginosa and H. subfuliginosa. A surprising
fact about H. subfuliginosa is the find from 1,400 m altitude, which is

Biol. Macedonica 57/58: 39-53

ECOLOGY AND DISTRIBUTION OF GENUS HYMENOCHAETE (HYMENOCHAETACEAE)... 51

untypical of this thermophilic species. As indicated by data on H. cin-

namomea that are available, a conclusion may be drawn that it is not a rare
species. As far as the species H. cruenta is concerned, there is only one
find, which is the reason why no conclusions can be made on its distribu-
tion.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

We are indebted to Erast Parmasto, from the Institute of Zoology and

Botany, Tartu, Estonia, for his review of part of the species of
Hymenochaete genus that were forwarded to him, and to BSRS
(Biological Students Research Society) for financial help to organizing
field trips for collection of scientific material.

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ECOLOGY AND DISTRIBUTION OF GENUS HYMENOCHAETE (HYMENOCHAETACEAE)... 53

EKOLOGIJA I DISTRIBUCIJA NA RODOT

HYMENOCHAETE (HYMENOCHAETACEAE) VO REPUBLIKA
MAKEDONIJA

Mitko Karadelev i Katerina Rusevska

Institut za biologija, Prirodno - matemati~ki fakul-

tet, Arhimedova 5, P.Fah 162, 1000 Skopje, Republika
Makedonija

REZIME

Vo trudot se prezentirani rezultati od sistematski istra-

`uvawa na rodot Hymenochaete vo Republika Makedonija. Od
vkupno sedum poznati vidovi od ovoj rod vo Evropa, so dose-
ga{nite istra`uvawa vo R. Makedonija registrirani se sled-
nite {est vida: Hymenochaete cinnamomea, H. cruenta, H. fuliginosa,
H. rubiginosa, H. subfuliginosa i H. tabacina. Edinstveno vidot
Hymenochaete corrugata ne e registriran vo R. Makedonija, no se
o~ekuva ponatamo{nite istra`uvawa da dadat podetalna pret-
stava za rasprostranuvaweto na vidovite od ovoj rod vo
Republika Makedonija. Vidovite H. rubiginosa i H. tabacina se
~esti i {iroko rasprostraneti vo Republika Makedonija.
Pomalku ~esti vidovi se: H. fuliginosa i H. subfuliginosa. Iznena-
duva~ki e podatokot za H. subfuliginosa najden na nadmorska visi-
na od 1400 m, {to e netipi~no za ovoj termofilen vid. Od
dosega{nite raspolo`livi podatoci za H. cinnamomea, mo`e da
se zaklu~i deka ne e redok vid. So ogled na toa deka za vidot H.
cruenta postoi samo eden podatok, ne mo`e da se dade zaklu~ok za
negovata rasprostranetost.

Biol. Macedonica 57/58: 39-53