UNIVERSIDADE LUTERANA DO BRASIL

CURSO DE LETRAS INSTITUTO DE LNGUAS DA ULBRA

EXAME DE PROFICINCIA EM LNGUA INGLESA Texto 1 Outubro 2004 As questes 1,2,3 e 4 referem-se ao texto abaixo:

FEARS , REAL AND IMAGINED:LEARNING TO CONQUER THEM Our bodies are geared to protect us from perceived physical danger. We react without thinking and it saves us from injury. Our brains handle emotional trauma the same way, though it can be confusing when it happens. Have you ever lashed out at someone and, afterwards, wondered why? Often, it has little to do with the current situation. Words or actions dredged up the past something similar probably hurt you deeply a long time ago. Your brain is simply trying to prevent you from getting hurt like that again. There's a great deal of meaning in the familiar saying: Live like there's no tomorrow. Love like you've never been hurt. In both instances, it stresses the importance of honest communication right now. Life is unpredictable and you may not have the chance to address things later on. Past problems can get in the way of present situations. If youre too guarded against being hurt, it will impact the happiness you can have with that other person. Lets get to the bottom of thingsWhats the real reason something makes you angry? It might involve digging deep. Psychologists have determined we formulate most of our opinions, values, sensitive areas, hopes and fears during our first twenty years. If you were teased as a child, perhaps you still see yourself as that insecure kid though other people might see you as a completely different and very beautiful, confident person. If your heart was broken when someone you believed in betrayed you... join the club. Sadly, that's an all too common occurrence. As is the phrase, we get what we ask for. In your next relationship, if you're suspicious and accusing, (for fear of being hurt the same way again ;) you may be subconsciously driving that person to commit the same crime. The point is this: if you don't tell people why things are bothering you, they may never be aware they are hurting you. And most of the time, their intention is not to be cruel. Tell it like it is. Never mistake direct talk and honesty as "being mean." People appreciate the truth. Communicate to the world that you know who you are. Explain what bothers you and why. It's a powerful first step to building respect for yourself and tighter relationships with others. Do it kindly and no one will get hurt especially you as your friends learn how to tread lightly over sensitive areas.
http://www.alpinelace.com/lifestyles/ShowArticle.cfm?ArticleID=30

1) According to the text, which alternative is NOT CORRECT:

A. To Handle pode ser traduzida por lidar. B. To Lash(ed) out significa o mesmo que atacar. C. To Dredge(d) up no significa arrancar. D. To Guard(ed) o mesmo que guardar. E. To Tease(d) pode ser traduzido por caoar.

Instituto de Lnguas - ILULBRA

2) According to the text, the author suggests that people A. should avoid getting hurt when they are confused. B. should not tell others the reasons why they are feeling hurt or sad. C. who are honest with you are just being mean. D. act the same as other people act with you. E. None of the above. 3) The expression get to the bottom of things means A. to see the end of the tunnel. B. to find out the truth. C. not to understand the facts. D. not to lose the chance of being happy. E. to learn how to live well. 4) The best translation of we get what we ask for is A. ns fazemos por merecer. B. as pessoas sempre escolhem o melhor para elas. C. as pessoas se influenciam pelo o que aconteceu com elas no passado. D. ns no sabemos o que queremos e pedimos coisas erradas. E. obter o mesmo que querer.
Texto 2 As questes 5,6 e 7 referem-se ao texto 2.

Saved, and Enslaved, by the Cell

By KEN BELSON

Nowadays, in popular culture, the cellular phone has taken on the aura of an amulet of safety, an indispensable lifeline: wherever you are, you can always reach help. But this notion is stretched so far that it raises some contrarian questions: Is the sense of security engendered by a cell phone as much illusion as reality? Does carrying one make people better at coping with the world, or worse? There is no question that instant access to a phone can save lives. People report fires and robberies, heart attacks and car crashes; parents keep tabs on children; grown children stay in touch with elderly parents. Knowing that you can always call for help in an emergency makes people feel safer. But they also tether people more closely and constantly to others, and in recent months a growing number of experts have identified and begun to study a distinct downside in that: cell phone use may be making us less autonomous and less capable of solving problems on our own, even when the answers are right in front of us. According to Christine Rosen, the author of "Our Cell phones, Ourselves," a recent article exploring the social effects of the mobile phone, and the ease of obtaining instant advice encourages cell phone users to respond to any uncertainty, crucial or trivial, by dialing instead of deciding. The green sweater or the blue, pizza or Chinese, the bridge or the tunnel - why take responsibility for making up your own mind when you can convene a meeting in a minute? "Cell phones foster a curious dependency," Ms. Rosen said. "The cell phone erodes something that is being obliterated in American society: self-reliance." That situation also illustrates how the cell phone has become a tool for manipulating relationships. Children may use the phone as a technological alibi, claiming that their battery was dead or that they must have been in a signal dead spot, when in fact they saw it was Mom calling - again - and chose not to pick up. There are experts who say that the discussion of cell phones and autonomy has gotten the cause-and-effect backwards. Autonomy was already an illusion, they say, in a world built on instant communication, whether by telegraph or telephone or fax or e-mail or whatever. Cell phones just add more convenience. "We are less self-reliant than ever, not because we are less independent, but because we are so much more connected," said Mark Federman, chief strategist at the McLuhan Program in Culture and Technology at the University of Toronto. __________cell phones help "reverse independence into dependence" is neither good nor bad, Mr. Federman said, its just a natural outgrowth of technological innovation. Reflection, introspection, thinking for yourself - these tools of the mind, he said, exist separately from any technology.
http://www.nytimes.com/2004/10/10/weekinreview/10bels.html?pagewanted=print&position=

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5) Assinale a nica alternativa verdadeira, segundo o texto : A the cellular phone is above all saving many peoples lives. B. the cell phone makes people more independent and self- realiant. C. people will use the cell phone especially for manipulating others. D. because of the cell phone we are becoming less independent. E. the cell phone is an amulet of safety. 6) Assinale a nica alternativa falsa, segundo o texto: A. having a cell phone in hands can save peoples lives. B. in general people feel safer when carrying a cell phone. C. people are capable of solving their life problems because of the cell phone. D. the cell phone may serve as a technological alibi. E. the cell phone as a technological innovation does not have either positive or negative effects on people. 7) O espao propositadamente deixado no texto pode ser completado por: A. Because B. Although C. Yet D. If E. That
Texto 3 As questes 8 , 9 e 10 referem-se ao texto abaixo:

Treadmill Machines Can Injure Small Children

Philadelphia, Pa. Add treadmill machines to the list of home exercise equipment that can pose dangers to small children. Plastic surgeons at The Childrens Hospital of Philadelphia reported on 12 children who suffered hand injuries from the belt of a moving treadmill. Most parents dont regard treadmill machines as potential hazards, said Benjamin Chang, M.D., a pediatric plastic surgeon at Childrens Hospital, and senior author of an article recently published in the Annals of Plastic Surgery. Injuries to children from stationary bicycles have been much better publicized over the past decade, and manufacturers have modified their designs to make them safer, but treadmills have received less attention, said Dr. Chang. The children in the study ranged in age from 14 months to 7 years, with a median age of 2.4 years. Most of the children were injured when their hands were caught in the back of the machine where the treadmill belt wraps around the rear roller. Most of the injuries were hand abrasions, some of them equivalent to full-thickness burns in the skin. Half of the children required plastic surgery because scarred skin prevented them from fully extending their fingers. Frequently the children were injured while an adult was using a treadmill, and the child came behind an exercising parent. In other cases, the children were injured after switching on an unattended machine. Although there may be design modifications that could improve safety, such as making treadmills harder to start and easier to stop, Dr. Chang says the most practical preventive measure is to keep children away from the equipment. He suggests keeping treadmills in a room that can be locked while not in use. He also advises that adults using the machine be aware of their surroundings, and should not wear headsets. These injuries are easily preventable, but people need to be aware of the potential safety hazards, he said. http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2001/10/011010074029.htm

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8) According to the article, A. The number of children getting hurt from treadmill machines and stationary bikes is about the same. B. Most children hurt their hands rather than any other part of the body. C. Most children burn their hands while playing with the treadmill. D. Plastic surgery was a solution for most childrens injuries. E. Headsets are responsible for most accidents with adults. 9) According to the article, A. Treadmill machines designs need to be changed to make them safer. B. More cases of accidents with treadmill machines are published than with bike accidents. C. Most practical preventive safety measures refer to design modifications. D. Most adults injure themselves when they fall off the treadmill. E. Although parents regard treadmill machines as hazardous, they allow children to play with them. 10) Marque a alternativa que no apresenta a anlise gramatical correta das frases abaixo citadas: A. Most parents dont regard treadmill machines as potential hazards Presente simples B. Most of the children were injured when their hands were caught in the back of the machine Voz passiva C. The children in the study ranged in age from 14 months to 7 years Passado simples D. Add treadmill machines to the list of home exercise equipment. Imperativo E. Although there may be design modifications that could improve safety ... Verbo modal expressando
permisso formal

Questo Resposta

1 A

2 E

3 B

4 A

5 D

6 C

7 E

8 B

9 A

10 E

Ateno: Questes rasuradas no sero consideradas.

Respostas somente caneta.

Instituto de Lnguas - ILULBRA

PARTE II Resuma em portugus o texto abaixo em at 100 palavras. Traduo literal do texto ser desconsiderada.

Discovering your inner self Why is it so easy to give advice to others, and so difficult for us to define a path for ourselves? After all, we spend more time with ourselves than we do with any other living being. Yet, we often know friends and family members better than we know ourselves. Are we blind to who we are? Or does the discovery of our inner selves feel like it's too selfish of an exploration? It's not too selfish, but it's often a little scary. Western society is very rigid when it comes to making assessments. It strongly emphasizes the concepts of success and failure, right and wrong. But who really defines that? The first step to discovering and accepting your inner self is to acknowledge the values monitor within you. It's that little voice called your conscience. You know exactly when you are feeling most successful. You know the difference between right and wrong. You know the kind of work that gives you the greatest joy. That voice can guide happily through life if you will just pay attention to what it's telling you To embrace your inner self you might need to let go of society's definitions. Your soul knows nothing of success and failure. When you're measuring your life by those standards, you're simply feeding your ego. You were born knowing truth, honesty, and integrity. Then outside influences and societal pressures stepped in and encouraged you to think and act differently. It is well within the realm of possibility for each and every one of us to live an authentic life. It takes time to change and more courage than money. Once you start living a life that you truly feel good about, something miraculous will happen. You'll find that your troubles have disappeared. Conflicted emotions are gone and you no longer feel divided. A soul-searching exercise can be painful or exhilarating but it's the essential first step to accepting who we are.
http://www.alpinelace.com/lifestyles/ShowArticle.cfm?ArticleID=37

Instituto de Lnguas - ILULBRA