Roman Emona

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Emona (Latin: Colonia Iulia Aemona) was a Roman civil town, built on the site

of an old indigenous settlement on the territory of the present Ljubljana. The Roman Emona sites in Ljubljana can be seen in several parts west of the old town centre. It is also the setting of a popular novel The Stranger in Emona [Tujec v Emoni] (1978) by Mira Miheli. Emona's ground plan was 430 metres times 540 metres and was surrounded by city walls, which were 6 to 8 metres high and 2.5 metres thick. The city was defended with 29 towers, which were built every 60 metres along the walls. Former decumanus and cardo are today's Rimska and Slovenska streets, where a large new presentation in the opposite of the Urulinke church reveals the findings of the latest excavations on the Congress Square (Kongresni trg). The Roman forum is stressed with the building design of Ferant garden by the architect Edvard Ravnikar. The remains of a baptistery with a pool, mosaics, and part of portico may be seen at Erjaveva 18, next to Cankarjev dom Culture and Congress Centre.

Contents
1 History 2 Ground plan 3 Remains 4 See also 5 External links 6 Gallery

History
Emona had a population of 3,000 to 5,000 people, mostly farmers, landlords and merchants, including a small number of government officials and war veterans. Its streets were paved and its houses were built of stone with the hypocaust underfloor heating system, and connected to a public sewage system. The walls of the houses were plastered and painted in different colours, and the floors covered in mosaics. Emona had its own local goddess, Equrna, worshipped at the Ljubljana Marshes. Along with the Western Roman Empire, from the 5th century CE, Emona fell into a decline. After several setbacks in 238, 314 and 401 CE, it was finally abandoned in the 6th century CE.

Ground plan
Emona's ground plan was 430 metres times 540 metres and was surrounded by city walls, which were 6 to 8 metres high and 2.5 metres thick. Four main entrances were located by the exits of Cardo maximus (today's Slovenska Street) and Decumanus maximus streets (today's Rimska Street), along which the forum was located. The city was defended with 29 towers, which were built every 60 metres along the walls.

Remains
The relics of Roman Emona may be found in 3 main areas of Ljubljana as well as in the urban planning of the town. Former decumanus and cardo are today's Rimska and Slovenska streets, where a large new presentation in the opposite of the Urulinke church reveals the findings of the latest excavations on the Congress Square (Kongresni trg). The Roman forum is stressed with the

building design of Ferant garden by the architect Edvard Ravnikar. A copy of the Roman statue Emonec stands at the west side of Congress Square. An attentive walker can find Roman spolia built in different buildings, from the Cathedral to the Ljubljana Castle. The finds of Roman insula underground are presented in different pavements such as that along Vegova street. The archaeological site at the former Rihard Jakopi garden, managed by the Museum and Galleries of Ljubljana, contains the foundations of an Emona house (part of an insula) with mosaics and the remains of floor heating, part of a street and a section of the town sewage system. A section of the old Roman city walls, renovated by architect Joe Plenik, may be seen in the Mirje district. The remains of a baptistery with a pool, mosaics, and part of portico may be seen at Erjaveva 18, next to Cankarjev dom Culture and Congress Centre and Majda Vrhovnik Primary School.

See also
Emona, Legacy of a Roman City, overview article by Bernarda upanek, Curator for the Antique at Museum and Galleries of Ljubljana City Museum of Ljubljana Jakopi Gallery Roman Brickworks Kiln, Ptuj Orpheus Memorial, Ptuj empeter v Savinjski Dolini Roman Necropolis Hruica - Museum Collection and Archaeological Park

External links
Archaeological parks of the City Museum of Ljubljana (http://www.mgml.si/en/city-museum-of-ljubljana-377/archaeological-parks/) Roman Emona web page (http://www.burger.si/MuzejiInGalerije/MestniMuzejLjubljana/Emona/ENGUvod.html) Emona on Wikipedia (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emona) About Emona on the Visit Ljubljana website (http://www.visitljubljana.si/en/ljubljana-and-more/history-ofljubljana/roman-emona/)

Gallery

Emona small shops, reconstructed by Katarina Model of Emona, eastern Toman Kracina, Museum and gate of Emona in the Galleries of Ljubljana (MGML) foreground, MGML archive archive

Archaeological park Emona House, MGML archive, 2005

Emona forum, reconstructed by Ljudmila Plesniar Gec and Arxel Ltd.

Archaeological park Emona House, MGML archive, 2005

Mosaic in the archaeological park Emona House, MGML archive, 2005

Baptismal pool in the Christian Centre archaeological park, MGML archive, 2005

One of the best preserved Christian Centre donor inscriptions on the floor archaeological park, MGML of the baptismal font in the archive, 2005 Christian Centre archaeological park, the inscription says that Ahelaj and Honorata with their families contributed 20 feet of mosaic

Baptismal pool in the Christian Centre archaeological park, MGML archive, 2005

Emona plan view with main roads and tombs by Dimitrij Mleku

Glass mosaic goblet, discovered in northern Emona cemetery

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