2.

4GHz

:
2.4GHz; RF Module;

PAN(Personal area network) ,

,
1985 , FCC ,
, ISM Band (Industrial ; Scientific ; Medical)
900MHz (902 ~ 928MHz , 26MHz)2.4GHz (2.400 ~ 2.4835 GHz ,
83.5MHz), 5GHz (5.725 ~5.850 GHz , 125MHz),( 1)
, 2.4GHz ,
,
, Short range Bluetooth WLAN
IEEE 802.11 Zigbee .
,
..,
,,

1. ISM Bands

2.4GHz

ISM 2.4GHz ,
,,
IEEE802.11 , PC
, Zigbee
,,
,,

Molex_Liao

Page 1

Update Date:2009/5/5


1994 Ericsson ,
PC ,
1998 , EricssonIBMIntelNOKIAToshiba 5
(Bluetooth Special Interest Group, Bluetooth
SIG), 2000
, 15
SIG ,,
1
Bluetooth
,
3 Class(Class III
III), 10m(Class II) 2.4G
(adaptive frequency hopping, AFM),,
1600 /,
1MHz , 79
Bluetooth , PC
.., PDA PDA PC
,,
PCPDA
SIG 3.0 + HS , BT over
Wi-Fi ,, Wi-Fi ,
, Wi-Fi ,
3Mbps 24Mbps
WLAN 802.11
IEEE802.11,IEEE802.11b
11Mbps,,
Bluetooth , 100
IEEE 802.11b IEEE 802.11 HRHigh Rate, 2.4G
..
DSSS CCK Complementary Code Keying
WLAN , WLAN
IEEE802.11 802.11a 802.11g ,
IEEE802.11 802.11g OFDM
, 54Mbps IEEE 802.11n, 540Mbps
640Mbps

Molex_Liao

Page 2

Update Date:2009/5/5

802.11a

802.11b

802.11g

Standard
Approved

July 1999

July 1999

June 2003

Max.
Data Rate

54Mbps

11Mbps

54Mbps

540~640Mbps

Modulation

OFDM

DSSS
CCK

DSSS
CCK

DSSS
CCK

OFDM

OFDM

2.4GHz

2.4GHz

RF Band

802.11n
2006 ()
2007 (Linksys)

5GHz

2.4GHz

or 5GHz
Number of
Spatial Streams

1,2,3 or 4

Channel Width

20MHz

20MHz

20MHz

20MHz
or 40MHz

IEEE802.11

Zigbee
ZigBee ZigZag

,,
, 2005 ZigBee
IEEE 802.15.4 , 2006 FreescaleTIST
NECEmberJennicOkiRenesas
Zigbee , 2.4 GHz ,
, ZigBee
250Kbps , 28Kbps , 134 ,
254 ,

ZigBee
1.
2.
3.

4.

: 10Kbps250Kbps,
: , 6
: ZigBee ,,
ZigBee Motorola Philips , 2003 ,

: ZigBee 255 , ZigBee

254

Molex_Liao

Page 3

Update Date:2009/5/5

5.
6.

: 10 ~ 75 ,
,
: 2.4GHz868MHz 915MHz

ZigBee ,

, (WSN)
, ZigBee
,

2.4GHz
,
27M ~ 2.4GHz ISM ,

2.4GHz
, 2.4GHz (Proprietary)
.. 2.4GHz ,
,
,
,
EM198810 2.4GHz Chipset,
GFSK
, (FIFO) ,
(micro controller) , MCU
1Mbps ,
(fast hopping) (Forward Error Correction)
(CRC) , ISM band
EM198810 ,
(reference design note) , MCU (
EM78P451S) , (Wireless Personal Area Network)

EM198810 :
1. ///(Game/Keyboard/Moue/Presenter)
2. /USB VOIP (Cordless Phone/USB VOIP Phone)
3. //(Audio Speakers/Headsets/Microphone)
4. WiFi (Miscellaneous HIDPresenter
Remote ControlWiFi Finder)
5. /(Wireless security and access control)

Molex_Liao

Page 4

Update Date:2009/5/5

Bluetooth
802.15.1

1Mbps
Tx
(for Basic 40mA,

rate)

10m

USB;

100m

; PC

0.2mA
WLAN
802.11g

54Mbps

Tx
30
40mA+,

0.2mA
ZigBee
802.15.4

20/
250Kbps

Tx
30mA,

255/65000+ 1 ~
100m+

;
;

3.0mA
2.4GHz 1Mbps

EM198810

Tx
27mA,

128

10m

USB;
; HID

1.9mA
2.4GHz

2.4GHz
2.4GHz RF module
2.4 GHz ( 2),
PCB layout..,
2.4GHz EM198810AW RF IC0.8mm PCBPCB
AntennaMCU control interface pin,( 3)
RF IC bonding PCB COB,
SPI , MCU ,,

EM198810AW 2.4GHz :
1. : 2.400~2.483 GHz
2. : GFSK
3. : 1.9~3.6V
4. : +0dBm
5. : -83dBm @0.1% BER 1Mbps
6. : 1Mbps
7. : -40 ~ + 85C
Molex_Liao

Page 5

Update Date:2009/5/5

8. PCB
9. TDD(Time Division Duplex) Full Duplex
10. 64 byte FIFO
11. (FEC Forward Error Correction): none, 1/3, or 2/316 bit
(CRC)

2. EM198810AW 2.4G RF Module

Molex_Liao

Page 6

Update Date:2009/5/5

Y1 12MHz CRYSTAL
R1 Option
C1

C2
R2

33PF

104

Zo = 50 Ohm
1

C6
225
L1
0 ohm

C7

C8

C9

1.8PF

C10
104

1
2
3
4
5
6

104

V3.3V
C4

104

24
23
22
21
20
19
XTALO
VDD
GND
CKPHA
LDO_OUT
LDO_IN

GND

C5

+1.8V
C3
680K

XTALI
PLL_VDD
VCO_VDD
ANT
EM198810AW
GND
RF_VDD

SPI_MISO
RESET_n
SPI_CLK
SPI_MOSI
SPI_SS
DIG_VDD

IF_VDD
AMS_VDD
FIFO_FLAG
RXCLK
PKT_FLAG
GND

U1
+1.8V

+1.8V

JP1
18
17
16
15
14
13

SPI_MISO
RESET_N
SPI_CLK
SPI_MOSI
SPI_SS
+1.8V

PKT_FLAG
FIFO_FLAG
SPI_SS
SPI_MOSI
SPI_CLK
RESSET_n
SPI_MISO
V3.3V

9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
HEADER 9

7
8
9
10
11
12

R4

Printer antenna
A1
ANT1_2.4G

R3 Option

33PF
2K2

Exposed pad

Different crystals
or layout changes
may require
different R/C
values.

C11
103

PKT_FLAG
+1.8V
FIFO_FLAG

3. EM198810 2.4GHz
MCU
2.4GHz , 2.4GHz
FHSS(Frequency-Hopping Spread Spectrum)
DSSS(Direct sequence spread spectrum),
FHSS DSSS ,

FHSS ,,
, FHSS ,
FHSS One-to-Many
, FCC
PCB
,(Transmitter)(Receiver)
RF module ,
, 2.4GHz RF Module
PCB PCB , PCB
,,
RF Module PCB
:
1. Pattern Matching :
2.4GHz module PCB pattern F (meander)
Molex_Liao

Page 7

Update Date:2009/5/5

, PCB ,
, PCB 1/4 ANSOFT
IE3D
PCB ,
RF IC ANT Pin , Matching ,
( 4)

4. Pattern Matching
2. :
(VSWR: Voltage Standing Wave Ratio),
A B ,,
,
,,
,SWR
1:1,,
,,
A B
, VSWR S S11 ,
(Return Loss)(5),
,
-10dB ,,

Molex_Liao

Page 8

Update Date:2009/5/5

CH1 S11

dB

MAG -60 dB

40 dB

1:

-39.58 dB

2:

2.44
+400
MHzGHz
-10.07 dB

3:

-9.908 dB

40 dB

2.37 GHz
2.5175 GHz
4:

-26.58 dB
2.45 GHz

CAL

2
10 dB/

CPL

1
FIL
1k

-60 dB
100 MHz/
Date:

CENTER 2.45 GHz

2.OCT.08

SPAN 1 GHz

10:06:27

5. PCB Antenna Return Loss

3. Smith Chart
,,,
,Smith Chart
,,

,
,
, (1+j0)
(Matched) (ZL),
1, 100% (0
~ 180 )()
2.4GHz RF Module, PCB Antenna 2.45GHz
50ohm, Return Loss (6)

Molex_Liao

Page 9

Update Date:2009/5/5

1 U

CH1 S11

1:

50.51

-j1.198

2.44 GHz

2:

31.55

-j19.23

2.37 GHz
0.5

3: 2 94.97

j8.441

2.5175 GHz
4:

54.08

j1.084

2.45 GHz

5
CAL

0.2

4
11

0.5

3
2

10

CPL

2
-5

FIL
1k

-2

-0.5

-1
CENTER 2.45 GHz
Date:

2.OCT.08

SPAN 1 GHz
10:07:01

6. PCB Antenna
2.4GHz FCC
RF , RF ,
,,

2.4GHz FCC ,
, 2.4GHz FCC Part 15.249
(pretest),
RF module 3 TX ,
2405MHz 2447MHz 2477MHz,
, MCU RF IC , EMC

902 ~ 928MHz, 2400 ~ 2483.5 MHz, 5725 ~ 5875 MHz,

and 24.0 ~ 24.25 GHz FCC Part 15.249 ,
Molex_Liao

Page 10

Update Date:2009/5/5

 50mV/m ( 3m) 500V/m,

50dBc,(7)

7. 2.4GHz FCC
2.4GHz
2.4GHz RF module , RF module
PCB , RF module
PCB Gap RF module PCB
PCB , RF GND GND
, PCB layout , RF GND
GND ( 8)

8. 2.4GHz

Molex_Liao

Page 11

Update Date:2009/5/5


, 2.4GHz
, IEEE
802.11b Zigbee ,
,
Bluetooth WLAN 802.11a/b/g
2006 Bluetooth 6 Notebook
, WLAN 2.4GHz
,
,
,
,,,
, 2.4GHz
,,
cost ,

Molex_Liao

Page 12

Update Date:2009/5/5