Computer Networks Nov 2010

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Code No: M0129/R07
Set No. 1
IV B.Tech I Semester Regular Examinations, November 2010 AIR POLLUTION AND CONTROL (Civil Engineering) Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80 Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry equal marks
1. (a) Discuss anthropogenic sources of lead,mercury and iron as air pollutants. (b) Describe the natural and articial sources for the production of oxides of Nitrogen. (c) What is primary particulate production in articial sources of air pollution? [7+6+3] 2. (a) Explain the characteristics of Carbon Monoxide (CO). Describe the sources and eects. (b) Describe the sources and health eects of CO. Discuss the control measures of CO also. [9+7] 3. (a) Explain the thermodynamics of formation of Oxides of Nitrogen. (b) Explain the role of Sulphur dioxide as a reducing and oxidizing agent. [8+8] 4. (a) Draw and explain the plume behaviour from stacks of dierent heights which are seen in industrial area. (b) Distinguish between High and Low pressure systems.
5. (a) Dene a Wind Rose. Explain the importance of wind roses in air pollution studies. (b) A factory uses 2,00,000 litre. of furnace oil (specic gravity 0.97) per month. If for one million lt. of oil used per year, the particulate matter emitted is 3 tonnes/year, SO2 emitted is 59.7 tonnes/year, NOx emitted is 7.5 tonnes/year, Hydro carbons emitted are 0.37 tonnes/year and Carbon monoxide emitted is 0.52 tonnes/year. Calculate the height of chimney required to be provided for safe dispersion of the pollutants. [6+10] 6. (a) Explain the various methods of lter cleaning with neat sketches. (b) Calculate the number of cyclones required to treat a ow of 50m3 /sec with an inlet velocity of 15m/sec. The diameter of cyclone is 1.8m. [8+8] 7. What are the various dry methods of control of SOx. Explain how do you control SOx by the following processes. (a) Cat Ox Process (b) Westvaco Process. 8. (a) Discuss the status of Air pollution due to automobile exhausts in: 1 of 2 [16]
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[9+7]
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Code No: M0129/R07 i. Hyderabad ii. Bangalore
Set No. 1
[8+8]
(b) Suggest suitable methods to control the air pollution.
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Code No: M0129/R07
Set No. 2
1. (a) What do you mean by hydrocarbons? How do they inuence the quality of air? (b) Discuss the properties of particulates. (c) Discuss Ozone as an air pollutant. 2. (a) Discuss the following terminology: i. Oxidants ii. Hydrocarbons iii. Oxides of Nitrogen. [6+6+4]
(b) Explain the health eects of oxides of sulphur.
(c) What do you mean by particulate matter in air pollution? How does it aect the plants and materials? [8+3+5] 3. (a) Discuss the combustion of coal and air pollutants generated. (b) Discuss the combustion of oil in automobile engines. What are the major air pollutants? [9+7] 4. (a) Give classication of the scales of motion of air pollutants. Discuss any one of these. (b) How can wind speed be dened verbally. Discuss the various Specications. [7+9] 5. A stack of height 50m releases 450 mg/sec of SO2 with a velocity of 4.9 m/sec in summer. The stack diameter is 1.5m. The stack gas temperature is 3000 C. Atmospheric pressure is 1.005 kg/cm2 and wind speed is 1.833 m/sec. Find the eective stack height. Also nd the ground level concentrations at 1 km, 2 km, 5 km and 10 km distances, downwind. Note : [16] X(km) 1 2 5 10 y 4 133 300 510 z 30 50 95 150 6. (a) Discuss the operating problems associated with fabric lters.
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Code No: M0129/R07
Set No. 2
(b) A mono dispersed aerosol 1.99 mm in diameter is passed through a gravity settler 20 cm wide, 50 cm long with 18 plates and channel thickness of 0.124 cm. The gas ow rate is 8.6 LPM, and it is observed that, it operates at an eciency of 64.9%. How many plates would be required to have the unit operated at 80% eciency? [8+8] 7. (a) List the various procedures for controlling the emission of NOx and SOx. (b) Discuss the air pollution problems in a cement industry. Suggest suitable methods of control. [6+10] 8. (a) What are the factors to be considered, when a general air pollution survey is undertaken in a city? (b) Write short notes on Ambient Air Quality monitoring.
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Code No: M0129/R07
Set No. 3
1. (a) Discuss anthropogenic sources of lead,mercury and iron as air pollutants. (b) Describe the natural and articial sources for the production of oxides of Nitrogen. (c) What is primary particulate production in articial sources of air pollution? [7+6+3] 2. (a) Explain the characteristics of Carbon Monoxide (CO). Describe the sources and eects. (b) Describe the sources and health eects of CO. Discuss the control measures of CO also. [9+7] 3. (a) How LPG is produced? Explain the uses and formation of air pollutants. (b) Discuss the role of natural gas its availability and eco-friendly nature in India. [8+8] 4. (a) Explain the role of atmospheric levels in the air pollution phenomenon. (b) Discuss the various scales of meteorology. [9+7]
5. The trac density along a straight national highway is 4000 vehicles per hour and average speed is 60KMPH. The average vehicle emission rate of HCS is 40 mg/sec. Find the concentration at a point 300m downwind on an overcast day if wind is blowing perpendicular to the road at S m/sec speed. [16] 6. (a) Explain the factors to be considered while selecting the lter medium for bag houses. (b) Calculate the collection eciency for a gas ow rate of 7 m3 /sec, particle density of 1500 kg/m3 and diameter of 10 m, if a multiple cyclone (64 cyclones each of diameter 24 cm) is used instead of a single large unit. [8+8] 7. What are the various dry methods of control of SOx? Explain how do you control SOx by the following processes: (a) SCOT Process (b) Use of Metal oxides. [16]
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8. (a) Compare the functions of Central Pollution Control Board with the functions of State Pollution Control Boards in the area of Air pollution control.
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Code No: M0129/R07
Set No. 3
(b) What are the long-term goals recommended by WHO for the following pollutants? i. ii. iii. iv. SO2 Suspended particles CO Photochemical oxidant.
[8+8]
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Code No: M0129/R07
Set No. 4
1. (a) Discuss anthropogenic sources of lead,mercury and iron as air pollutants. (b) Describe the natural and articial sources for the production of oxides of Nitrogen. (c) What is primary particulate production in articial sources of air pollution? [7+6+3] 2. Discuss the role of wind in air pollution dispersion.
3. (a) Discuss the forms of sulphur existing in composition of coal. (b) What are the conditions of production of Nitrogen oxide in coal burning?[8+8] 4. (a) Draw and explain the phenomenon of neutral plume in air pollution Dispersion. (b) Discuss the eects of water bodies on pollutant behaviour. [8+8] 5. The trac density along a straight national highway is 4000 vehicles per hour and average speed is 60KMPH. The average vehicle emission rate of HCS is 40 mg/sec. Find the concentration at a point 300m downwind on an overcast day if wind is blowing perpendicular to the road at S m/sec speed. [16] 6. A horizontal parallel plate ESP consists of a single duct 4.8m high 6m long, with a 30cm plate to plate spacing. A collection eciency of 94.4% is obtained with a ow rate of 95 m3 /min. The inlet loading is 144 grains/m3 . Calculate the following: (a) (b) (c) (d) (e) The bulk velocity of the gas (uniform distribution) The outlet loading The drift velocity for the stream A revised collection eciency, if the ow rate is increased to 150 m3 /min A revised collection eciency, if the plate spacing is decreased to 25 cm. [16]
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[16]
7. What are the sources of air pollution in the thermal power plants? Discuss the air pollution problems and methods of control in thermal power plants. 8. (a) Dene Air Pollution Index. What are the parameters generally used for calculating Air Pollution Index? (b) What are the Air quality standards adopted by the Environmental protection agency, U.S.A. [8+8]
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Code No: M0130 /R07
Set No. 1
IV B.Tech. I Semester Regular Examinations, November 2010 GROUND IMPROVEMENT TECHNIQUES (Civil Engineering)
Time: 3 Hours Answer any Five Questions All Questions carry equal marks ******* 1. (a) Write a note on vibration technique for densification of cohesion less soils. (b) Explain the criterion for selection of fill material. Max Marks: 80
2. (a) Explain how pre-wetting technique is useful in improving the properties of the soil. (b) Write a note on grouting methods. 3. (a) Discuss the design steps of the reinforced earth wall with the help of neat sketch. (b) Write a note on various applications of Geosynthetics. 4. (a) Discuss in brief about the various properties and testing methods for Geotextile materials. (b) Explain the installations techniques of stone column with the help of neat sketch. 5. (a) Write a note on IS method of determination of swelling pressure of soils. (b) Explain the factors affecting the lime stabilized soils. 6. (a) Explain how Rothfutchs graphical method is used for proportioning the materials. (b) Explain the design procedure of soil-cement stabilization. 7. (a) Briefly discuss the factors affecting the bituminous stabilization. (b) Write a note on lime soil reactions. 8. Write short notes on the following a) Construction methods of soil stabilization b) Lime-Cement Stabilization c) Field Compaction Control
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Code No: M0130 /R07
Set No. 2
Time: 3 Hours Answer any Five Questions All Questions carry equal marks ******* 1. (a) Write a note on vacuum dewatering technique for densification of cohesive soils. (b) Explain how electro-osmosis technique is effective in improving the behavior of expansive soils 2. (a) Write a note on post grout test. (b) Write a note on thermal stabilization by heating. Max Marks: 80
3. (a) Explain how the stone columns are installed with the help of neat sketch. (b) Describe the theory related to lime slurry pressure injection technique along with the applications.
4. (a) Write a note on different applications of Grouting with the help of neat sketches.
(b) What are the different types of grouting? Explain? 5. (a) Write a note on factors affecting lime stabilization. (b) Explain how soil-cement mix is designed using PCA and British methods. 6. (a) Write a note on method of blasting for densification of cohesion less soils. (b) Explain the design procedure of soil-lime stabilization. 7. (a) Briefly discuss the functions and applications of geosynthetics. (b) Write a note on tests for identification of expansive soils. 8. Write short notes on the following a) Under Reamed Piles b) Components of Reinforced Earth c) Calcium Chloride Stabilization
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Code No: M0130 /R07
Set No. 3
Time: 3 Hours Answer any Five Questions All Questions carry equal marks ******* 1. (a) Write a note on multistage well point system of dewatering. (b) Explain the criterion for selection of fill material. Max Marks: 80
2. (a) Explain how soil replacement technique is useful in improving the properties of the soil. (b) Write a note on in-situ densification methods in cohesion less soils. 3. (a) Write a note on various functions and applications of Geosynthetics. (b) Discuss the components of the reinforced earth wall with the help of neat sketch.
4. (a) Explain how the stone columns are installed using vibro-flotation technique. (b) Describe the theory related to lime columns.
5. (a)Write a note on IS method of determination of swelling pressure of soils. (b) Explain the factors affecting the bitumen stabilized soils. 6. (a) Explain how Rothfutchs graphical method is used for proportioning the materials. (b) Explain the design procedure of soil-bitumen stabilization. 7. (a) Briefly discuss the factors affecting the calcium chloride stabilization. (b) Write a note on types of soils suitable for lime stabilization. 8. Write short notes on the following (a) Foundation techniques in expansive soils (b) Properties of Geotextiles (c) Design Principles of Reinforced Earth walls. 1 of 1
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Code No: M0130 /R07
Set No.4
Time: 3 Hours Answer any Five Questions All Questions carry equal marks ******* 1. (a) Explain how electro-osmosis technique is effective in improving the behavior of expansive soils (b) Write a note on field compaction control. 2. (a) Explain how stone columns are effective in improving the properties of the soil. (b) Write a note on types of grouting 3. (a) Write a note on various functions of Geosynthetics with the help of neat sketches. (b) Discuss the design steps of the reinforced earth wall. 4. (a) Discuss how lime columns are effective in improving the properties of expansive soil. (b) Explain the Pre-loading technique with the help of neat sketch. 5. (a) Write a note on identification tests of expansive of soils. (b) Explain the factors affecting the mechanical stabilized soils. 6. (a) Explain how sand wicks are effective in the stabilization of soils. (b) Explain the design procedure of soil- lime stabilization. 7. (a) Briefly discuss the Foundation Techniques in expansive soils. (b) Write a note on post grout test. 8. Write short notes on the following a) Problems of expansive soils b) Geodrains c) Impact at depth Max Marks: 80
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Code No. N0222 /R07
Set No.1
IV B.Tech. I Semester Regular Examinations, November, 2010 NON CONVENTIONAL SOURCES OF ENERGY (Common to Mechanical Engineering and Electrical & Electronics Engineering)
Time : 3 hours Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry equal marks ***** 1. (a) Explain various sources of energy briefly. (b) Discuss the solar radiation on Tilted surfaces. Max. Marks :80
2. Enumerate the different types of concentrating type collectors. 3. With the help of a neat sketch, describe a solar heating system using water heating solar collectors. What are the advantages and disadvantages of this method? 4. What are the main applications of a solar pond? Describe briefly. 5. Describe with a neat sketch the working of a wind energy system (WECS) with main components. 6. What is meant by anaerobic digestion? What are the factors, which affect biodigestion? Explain briefly. 7. What do you understand by Geothermal energy? Explain various methods of harnessing the energy. 8. Write short notes on the following (a) Tidal Energy (b) Need for DEC
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Code No. N0222 /R07
Set No. 2
IV B.Tech I Semester Regular Examinations, November, 2010 NON CONVENTIONAL SOURCES OF ENERGY (Common to Mechanical Engineering and Electrical & Electronics Engineering)
Time : 3 hours Max. Marks :80
Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry equal marks ***** 1. (a) Explain the Role and potential of new and renewable Energy Sources. (b) Explain Beam and Diffuse Solar radiation.
2. (a) What are the main Components of a flat-plate solar collector? Explain the function of each. (b) Explain the Advanced Collectors. 3. Describe in brief the different energy storage methods used in the solar system. 4. (a) Discuss the Solar Distillation process. (b) What are the advantages and disadvantages of PV solar energy conversion? 5. (a) Describe the main considerations in selecting a site for wind generators. (b) What are the advantages of vertical axis machines over horizontal type? 6. How Biomass Conversion takes place? Explain the Process photosynthesis. What are the conditions, which are necessary for it? 7. Define a Geothermal source and classify Geothermal sources. Discuss its potential in India. 8. Write short notes on the following. (a) Mini Hydel power plants (b) Fuel Cells. 1 of 1
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Code No. N0222 /R07
Set No. 3
IV B.Tech. I Semester Regular Examinations, November, 2010 NON CONVENTIONAL SOURCES OF ENERGY (Common to Mechanical Engineering and Electrical & Electronics Engineering)
Time : 3 hours Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry equal marks ***** 1. (a) Discuss the working of Pyranometer. (b) Define the terms i) Altitude angle ii) Incident angle iii) Zenith angle and iv) Solar azimuth angle Max. Marks :80
2. (a) Define the terms i) Solar Altitude angle ii) Incident angle iii) Zenith angle and iv) Hour angle (b) Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of concentrating collectors over flat plate type collectors.
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3. Classify the methods of solar energy storage Describe thermal energy storage system. 4. What is the Principle of solar photovoltaic power generation? What are the main elements of a pv system? 5. What is the basic principle of wind energy conversion and derive the expression for power developed due to wind.
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Code No. N0222 /R07

6. Calculate: i) ii)
Set No. 3
The volume of a biogas digester suitable for the output of four cows, and The power available from the digester. Retention time is 20 days, temperature 300 C, dry matter consumed 2kg/day, biogas yield 0.24 m3 per kg. Burner efficiency is 60%, methane proportion is 0.8, Hm, the heat of combustion of methane may be assumed to be 28 MJ/m3 at STP.
7. (a) How biomass conversion takes place? Explain. (b) Discuss the Geothermal energy Resources in India. 8. (a) Draw a neat layout diagram of a typical OTEC plant showing salient features and explain the principle of operation. (b) Discuss the principle of MHD generation.
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Code No. N0222 /R07
Set No. 4
IV B.Tech I Semester Regular Examinations, November, 2010 NON CONVENTIONAL SOURCES OF ENERGY (Common to Mechanical Engineering and Electrical & Electronics Engineering)
Time : 3 hours Max. Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry equal marks ***** 1. (a) How the solar radiation can be estimated at a particular location? (b) Discuss the differences between a pyroheliometer and a pyranometer.
2. Why orientation is needed in concentrating type collectors? Describe the different methods of sun tracking. 3. Enumerate the different main applications of solar energy. Describe a hot water supply system. 4. (a) Discuss the method of sensible heat storage. (b) Describe the layout and working of a continuous solar cooling system. 5. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of horizontal and vertical axis windmill. What methods are used to overcome the fluctuating power generation of wind mill? 6. How are biogas plants classified? Explain them briefly. 7. Explain the principle of working of Geothermal power plants and discuss the difficulties and disadvantages of geothermal energy for generation of electricity. 8. Discuss briefly on the following (a) Tidal power generation (b) Economic aspects of MHD power generation. 1 of 1
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Set No. 1
Code No: M0228 /R07 IV B.Tech. I Semester Regular Examinations, November 2010 ELECTRICAL DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS (Electrical & Electronics Engineering)
Time: 3 Hours Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry equal marks ******* 1. (a) Explain load modeling and its characteristics. (b) Obtain the relation between the load factor and loss factor. Max Marks: 80
2. (a) Draw the single line diagrams of radial type and loop type primary feeders and mention various components. (b) Dicuss the basic design practice of the secondary distribution system.
3. (a) Discuss the benefits, which are derived through optimal location of substations. (b) Calculate % voltage drop of hexagonally shaped area of distribution substation. [8+8] 4. (a) Derive the voltage drop equation for a non-uniform distributed laod. (b) A single phase feeder circuit has total impedance of (0.5+j0.2) and VR = 11 kV and I R = 5 30 0 A , respectively. Find (i) (ii) (iii) Power factor of the load Load p.f. for which the impedance angle is maximum load p.f. for which impedance angle is maximum and derive the formula used.
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[7+9]
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Code No: M0228 /R07

5. Describe the principle of operation of: (a) fuses (b) Circuit breakers (c) Line sectionalizer (d) circuit recloser.
Set No. 1
[44]
6. (a) Explain the overall coordination procedure employed for protection of distribution systems. (b) What is the need for coordination ? Explain in detail.
[8+8]
7. A 3phase transformer rated 7000 kVA and has a over load capability of 125% of the rating. If the connected load is 1150 kVA with a 0.8 pf (lag), determine the following : (a) The kVAR rating of shunt capacitor bank required to decrease the kVA load of the transformer to its capability level, (b) the kVAR rating of the shunt capacitor bank required to correct the load p.f. to unity. (c) the p.f. of the corrected level, [6+4+6] 8. (a) Compare and explain the role of shunt and series capacitor in voltage control. (b) Describe different types of equipment for voltage control with neat diagrams.
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Code No: M0228 /R07
Set No. 2
IV B.Tech. I Semester Regular Examinations, November 2010 ELECTRICAL DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS (Electrical & Electronics Engineering)
Time: 3 Hours Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry equal marks ******* 1. (a) Explain the various factors affecting the distribution system planning. (b) Explain the following: (i) coincidence factor (ii) contribution factor (iii) loss factor Max Marks: 80
2. (a) Discuss the differences between radial and loop types of primary distribution feeders. (b) Draw the single line diagram of radial type primary feeder and mention the factors that influences the selection of primary feeder. [7+9] 3. (a) How do you analyze a substation service area with n primary feeders? (b) Discuss how the rating of distribution substation is fixed.
4. (a) Prove the power loss due to the load currents in the conductors of single-phase lateral ungrounded neutral case is 2 times larger than one in the equivalent three phase lateral. (b) Consider a three phase, 3 wire 240V secondary system with balanced loads at A, B and C as shown in Figure (4a) Determine: (i) The voltage drop in one phase of lateral (ii) The real power per phase for each load (iii) The reactive power per phase for each load. [8+8]
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Z1
Distribution transformer
Z2 20 A UPF 30 A 0.5 lag

Figure (4a)
Z3 50 A 0.9 lag
Z1=(0.03+j0.01) /phase Z2=(0.1+j0.03) /phase Z3=(0.05+j0.05) /phase
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Code No: M0228 /R07
Set No. 2
5. (a) Discuss the procedure for fault current calculation in following faults: (i) 3-phase fault (ii) Single Line-Ground fault (b) Explain about the operation of a circuit breaker. 6. (a) Explain Fuse-Circuit breaker coordination. (b) Explain Recloser- Circuit breaker coordination.
[10+6]
[8+8]
7. (a) Explain the effect of shunt compensation on distribution system. (b) A 3-phase substation transformer has a name plate rating of 7250 kVA and a thermal capability of 120% of the name plate rating. If the connected load is 8816 kVA with a 0.85 power factor (lagging), determine the following: (i) The kVAR rating of the shunt capacitor bank required to decrease the kVA load of the transformer to its capability level (ii) The power factor of the corrected level. [6+10] 8. (a) Briefly explain the line drop compensation on voltage control. (b) How do the shunt capacitors and reactors control the voltage? List the disadvantages of using a shunt capacitor for voltage control. [6+10]
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Code No: M0228 /R07
Set No. 3
Time: 3 Hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry equal marks ******* 1. (a) Discuss in detail about Residential and industrial loads and their respective characteristics. (b) Discuss about the three factors which affect the distribution system planning in the near future. [9+7] 2. What are the various factors that are to be considered in selecting a primary feeder rating? Describe the arrangement with suitable diagram.
3. (a) How the rating of distribution substation can be calculated. Explain taking a general case with n no. of feeders. (b) Explain benefits derived through optimal location of substations. [8+8] 4. (a) Prove the power loss due to load currents in the conductors of the 2-phase, 3 wirelateral with multi-grounded neutral is approximately 1.64 times larger than the one in the equivalent 3-phase lateral. (b) In terms of resistance and reactance of the circuit, derive the equation for load power factor for which voltage drop is minimum. [8+8]
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5. (a) The per unit values of positive, negative and zero sequence reactances of a network at fault are 0.08, 0.07 and 0.05 respectively. Determine the fault current if the fault is double line to ground. (b) What is the main objective of Distribution system protection? Explain in detail. [6+10]
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Code No: M0228 /R07

6. (a) Explain Fuse-Fuse coordination. (b) Explain Fuse-Circuit breaker coordination.
Set No. 3
[8+8]
7. (a) What are the differences between fixed and switched capacitors. What are their effects on distributions systems? (b) Explain the procedure employed to determine the best capacitor location. [8+8] 8. (a) Why we need to control the voltage of power system? Explain in detail. (b) With the help of a phasor diagram, show how a series capacitor boosts the voltage? What are the drawbacks of this method?
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Code No: M0228 /R07
Set No. 4
Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry equal marks ******* 1. Draw a block diagram in flow chart form for a typical distribution system planning process and explain the techniques for distribution planning. [16] 2. (a) Explain with neat sketches radial type and loop type sub transmission systems. (b) Explain various factors that influence voltage levels in design and operation of the distribution system? [8+8] 3. (a) What are the various factors that are to be considered in selecting optimal location of a substation. (b) Compare the four and six feeders patterns in substation location. [8+8] 4. Derive an approximate voltage drop & power loss equation of primary feeder and give the condition for load p.f. at which voltage drop is maximum. 5. (a) What are the objectives of Distribution system protection. (b) Explain about the operation of a Fuse. 6. (a) Explain in detail how the coordination of various protective devices helps in improving system performance. (b) Explain Fuse-Recloser coordination. 7. (a) Write short notes on power factor correction. (b) How do you determine the best capacitor location? Explain.
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[16]
[10+6]
[8+8]
[8+8]
8. (a) How an AVB can control voltage? With the aid of suitable diagram explain its function. (b) Briefly write the various methods adopted for voltage control. [8+8] 1 of 1
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Set No. 1
Code No: M0327 /R07 IV B.Tech. I Semester Regular Examinations, November 2010 UNCONVENTIONAL MACHINING PROCESSES (Mechanical Engineering)
Time: 3 Hours Max Marks: 80 Answer any Five Questions All Questions carry equal marks ******* 1. (a) Explain the factors that should be considered during the selection of an appropriate unconventional machining process for a given job. (b) Compare and contrast the various unconventional machining process on the basis of type of energy employed, material removal rate, transfer media and economical aspects. 2.
[8] [8]
Draw a sketch of the general arrangement of an ultrasonic machine and explain [16] the principle of operation. Write the applications and limitations of USM. With a neat sketch explain the process of AJM? Explain the process control [16] measures to be taken to control quality and MRR. Explain the process of Electrical Chemical machining with neat sketch and [16] discuss about influences of process parameters in machining output.
3.
4.
[10] 5. (a) Explain the working principle, elements and characteristics of wire EDM. (b) Explain how the stratified wire works. Also discuss about the recent [6] developments in wire EDM. 6. Explain the construction and working principle of EBM with neat sketch. List [16] its advantages and limitations. [8] [8]
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7. (a) Discuss the main applications of plasma Cutting systems. (b) What are the advantages and disadvantages of plasma cutting process? 8.
With the help of neat sketch explain the construction, principle of operation and [16] applications of Electro stream drill. 1 of 1
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Code No: M0327 /R07
Set No. 2
IV B.Tech. I Semester Regular Examinations, November 2010 UNCONVENTIONAL MACHINING PROCESSES (Mechanical Engineering)
Time: 3 Hours Max Marks: 80 Answer any Five Questions All Questions carry equal marks ******* Explain the reasons for the development of Unconventional machining Process. Discuss about the criteria recommended in selection of these processes. Briefly explain the following machining parameters and how they are affecting the machining performance of USM. (a) Frequency of vibration (b) Grain diameter (c) Applied static load (d) Slurry, tool and work material. Explain in detail about AWJM with a sketch and discuss its advantages and disadvantages. Explain the principle and process of ECM with sketch and describe the chemical reaction that takes place in this process.
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5. (a) Sketch and explain the Electrode feed control mechanism of EDM. (b) Discuss the factors to be considered for selection of electrode materials. 6. Discuss about the process capabilities of EBM and the process parameters of EBM in improving Machining Quality. Explain the
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7. (a) What is non transferred and transferred mode of plasma arc? mechanism of material removal in PAM. (b) Discuss the factors that influence the quality of the cut in PAM.
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8. (a) With the help of neat sketch explain the process of electro stream drilling. (b) What are the specific applications of shaped tube electrolytic machining? Discuss. 1 of 1
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Set No. 3
Time: 3 Hours Answer any Five Questions All Questions carry equal marks ******* 1. (a) Briefly explain the overview of the non traditional machining processes. (b) Why the nontraditional machining is essential for the industries? [8] [8] [8] [8] [8] [8] [5] [6] [5] [16] Max Marks: 80
2. (a) Discuss in detail about the methods of generating the ultrasonic characteristics of the various types of tool holder and tool feed mechanisms in USM. (b) Briefly discuss the mechanisms involved in material removal by USM. 3. (a) Explain the principle of AJM. Mention some of the specific applications. (b) Discuss in detail about the AJM process variables that influence the rate of material removal and accuracy in the machining. 4. (a) Describe the chemistry involved in ECM process. (b) Briefly discuss about the effect of high temperature and pressure of electrolyte on the ECM process. (c) Discuss about the economics of ECM. 5. Describe the wire cut EDM process with neat sketch. List the advantages and limitations of wire cut EDM.
6. (a) What is laser? Explain how it is used to machine the materials. (b) Discuss in detail the thermal features and analysis of laser beam machining. 7. (a) Briefly explain the various parameters that govern the performance of PAM. (b) Discuss the general guidelines for designing the plasma torches in PAM.
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8. (a) What are the specific applications of shaped tube electrolytic machining? Discuss. [8] (b) With the help of a neat sketch explain abrasive flow finishing. [8]
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Set No. 4
Time: 3 Hours Answer any Five Questions All Questions carry equal marks ******* 1. Give the complete classification of unconventional machining processes giving the distinctive features of each of them. [16] Max Marks: 80
2. (a) Explain the various factors appearing the material removal rate in ultra sonic machining process. (b) With the help of neat sketch describe the process of Ultra sonic machine.
3. (a) With a neat sketch explain the process of WJM? (b) Compare the WJM and AJM in terms of Process capabilities and limitations. 4.
Explain the processes of Electro Chemical Machinery (EC) with a sketch and list [16] its applications and advantages.
5. (a) Explain the working principle of EDM with a neat sketch. (b) List the process parameters in EDM process and state the limitations of EDM process. 6.
Discuss about the process parameters of LBM and EBM and its influence in Machining Quality. [16]
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7. (a) Describe the working principle and elements of chemical machining. What are the [8] factors on which the selection of a resist for use in chemical machining? (b) What are the specific advantages of using chemical machining over electro chemical machining? Give some of the practical applications of chemical machining process. [8] 8. (a) Discuss magnetic abrasive finishing process. (b) With the help of neat sketch explain the process of electro stream drilling. [8] [8]
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Set No. 2
Code No: M0328 /R07 IV B.Tech. I Semester Regular Examinations, November 2010 POWER PLANT ENGINEERING (Mechanical Engineering)
Answer any Five Questions All Questions carry equal marks ******* 1. (a) Explain about the ash handling systems in steam power plants. (b) Explain pulverized fuel handling with diagrams. 2. (a) Explain the principle of overfeed fuel firing with a diagram. (b) Explain travelling grate stoker with a neat sketch.
3. (a)What factors should be considered while selecting a site for a diesel power plant? [10] (b)What are the advantages of the diesel power plant over steam power plant? [6] 4. (a)What are the various methods to improve performance of gas turbine? Explain each with diagrams. [10] (b) Sketch a line diagram of semi closed cycle gas turbine power plant. Under what Circumstances, these plants are more economical and superior in operation to Closed cycle and open cycle plants? [6] 5. (a) How hydro electric power plants are classified? (b) Describe the advantages and disadvantages of hydroelectric power plants.
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6. Explain the working of a fuel cell with a diagram and list out its advantages over other non conventional systems of power generation. [16]
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Code No: M0328 /R07
Set No. 2
7. (a) With the help of a neat diagram, explain different components of a pressurized water reactor. (b) How waste is disposed off in a nuclear power station?
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8. (a) The peak load on a power station is 30MW.The loads having maximum demands of 5MW, 10MW,5MW and 7MW are connected to the power station. The capacity of the power station is 40MW and annual load factor is 50%. [12] Find i) Average load on the power station ii) Energy supplied per year iii) Demand factor iv) Diversity factor (b) What do you understand by acid rains? What are the reasons of this? How are they controlled? [4]
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Code No: N0421 /R07
Set No. 1
IV B.Tech. I Semester Regular Examinations, November 2010 COMPUTER NETWORKS (Common to Electronics & Communication Engineering, Electronics & Instrumentation Engineering & Bio-Medical Engineering)
Time: 3 Hours Answer any Five Questions All Questions carry equal marks ******* 1. (a) Explain in detail the OSI reference model. (b) What is internet? Explain its architecture. Max Marks: 80
2. (a) Write the advantages of optical fiber over twisted-pair and coaxial cables. (b) Write the differences between message switching and packet switching. (c) Why does ATM uses small and fixed length cells? 3. (a) Explain the point-to-point protocol. (b) An 8-bit byte with binary value 10101111 is to be encoded using an even parity Hamming code. What is the binary value after encoding? 4. (a) What is the difference between a unicast, a multicast and a broadcast address? (b) Explain CSMA with collection detection protocol. (c) Sketch the differential manchester encoding for the bit stream: 0001110101. Assume the line is initially in the low state. 5. (a) Compare virtual circuit and datagram subnets. (b) Explain link state routing in detail. 6. (a) Explain the congestion prevention policies at various levels. (b) What is NAT? How can NAT help in address depletion? (c) Describe the way to reassemble IP fragments at the destination. 7. (a) List the fields in the TCP header that are missing from UDP header. Give the reason for their absence. (b) Briefly explain the elements of the transport protocols. 8. (a) Why do we need a DNS system when we can directly use an IP address? (b) Explain the session initiation protocol. (c) Write short notes on URL.
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Code No: N0421 /R07
Set No. 2
Answer any Five Questions All Questions carry equal marks ******* 1. (a) Explain the TCP/IP reference model. (b) What is the difference between a port address, a logical address and a physical address? (c) Explain local area networks. 2. (a) What is the significance of the twisting in twisted-pair cable? (b) Explain in detail the Batcher-Banyan ATM switch.
3. (a) Explain any two elementary data link protocols. (b) A bit string, 0111101111101111110, needs to be transmitted at the data link layer. What is the string actually transmitted after bit stuffing? (c) Compare and contrast flow control and error control. 4. (a) Describe the static channel allocation in LANs and MANs. (b) Explain Bit-Map and Binary Countdown collision-free protocols. 5. (a) Describe the optimality principle of routing algorithms. (b) Explain the drawbacks of distance vector routing algorithm. (c) Explain the shortest path routing with an example. 6. (a) Describe Tunneling. (b) Explain the IPv4 header format. (c) The protocol field used in IPv4 header is not present in fixed IPv6 header. Why? 7. (a) Explain the services provided by the transport layer to the upper layers. (b) What is the minimum size and maximum size of the process data that can be encapsulated in a UDP datagram. (c) Describe the structure of the ATM adaptation layer. 8. Write short notes on the following: a) MIME b) Audio compression c) DNS d) Voice over IP
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Code No: N0421 /R07
Set No. 3
Time: 3 Hours Answer any Five Questions All Questions carry equal marks ******* 1. (a) Compare and contrast the OSI and TCP/IP reference models. (b) Describe Wide Area Networks. (c) Write short notes on Arpanet. 2. (a) Explain about coaxial cable. (b) Explain the time division switch. 3. (a) Explain the design issues of data link layer. (b) Define piggybacking and write its uses. Max Marks: 80
4. (a) List and explain the key assumptions of dynamic channel allocation methods. (b) Sketch the Manchester encoding for the bit stream: 0001110101. (c) What is the relationship between a switch and bridge? 5. (a) Compare virtual circuit and datagram subnets. (b) Give two example applications for which connection oriented service is appropriate. (c) Explain distance vector routing algorithm. 6. (a) Describe two major differences between the warning bit method and the RED(Random Early Detection) method. (b) Explain the principles of congestion control. (c) Explain the leaky bucket congestion control algorithm. 7. (a) Compare the TCP header and UDP header. (b) Explain flow control and buffering in transport layer. 8. (a) Explain the basic principles of cryptography. (b) What is an URL and what are its components? (c) Write short notes on Wireless Application Protocol.
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Code No: N0421 /R07
Set No. 4
Time: 3 Hours Max Marks: 80 Answer any Five Questions All Questions carry equal marks ******* 1. (a) Explain Novell NetWare Reference model. (b) How do the layers of the internet model correlate to the layers of the OSI model. (c) What is a peer to peer process? 2. (a) How do guided media differ from unguided media? (b) Explain in detail the ATM reference model.
3. (a) Data link protocols almost always put the CRC in a trailer rather than in a header. Why? (b) Explain in detail selective report and go Back N sliding window protocols. 4. (a) What is the purpose of an NIC? (b) There is no need for CSMA/CD on a full-duplex Ethernet LAN. Why? (c) Explain about ALOHA. 5. (a) Compare and contrast distance vector routing with link state routing. (b) Explain multicast routing in detail. 6. (a) Describe route discovery in detail. (b) What are the differences between classful addressing and classless addressing in Pv4. (c) Explain the token bucket congestion control algorithm. 7. (a) List and explain the socket primitives used in Berkeley UNIX for TCP. (b) Explain the TCP connection management. 8. (a) Describe quantum cryptography. (b) How does jitter affect real-time audio/video? (c) Define configuration management and its purpose.
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Code No: N0524 /R07
Set No. 1
IV B.Tech. I Semester Regular Examinations, November 2010 MULTIMEDIA AND APPLICATION DEVELOPMENT (Common to Computer Science & Engineering and Information Technology)
Time: 3 Hours Answer any Five Questions All Questions carry equal marks Max Marks: 80
Write about YUV color model in detail and also explain where this model is used. What is differential pulse code modulation? In what way it is differed from predictive coding (a) Explain Data type type checking in AS2.0 (b) Explain Class Attributes AS 2.0 Explain the usage of Interface in AS2.0 Explain subclasses of Movie clip type
How Trees are used in the compression technique. Explain? How MPEG -7 works. Explain (a) Write short notes on media-on-demand (MOD)? (b) Explain the operation of RTSP with example?
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Code No: N0524 /R07
Set No. 2
1. (a) What is WWW? Explain in brief ( b) Write about the RGB cube and CMY cube.
2. What is NTSC video? Write about luminance( y ) and chrominance signals in NTSC. 3. (a) Explain Class Attributes AS 2.0 (b) Write about static checking. Give examples
4. What is reusability? How that is achieved? Give an example program in AS. 5. Explain the Currency Converter Class with an example.
6. (a) What are the two types of wavelet transforms? (b) Compare dictionary based coding with lossless image compression? 7. Discuss about (a) MELP (multiband excitation linear predictive) (b) MPEG-7 DDL (description definition language) components? 8. Explain the layers of OSI reference model?
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Code No: N0524 /R07
Set No. 3
1. Discuss the categorist multimedia Softwares. 2. Explain in detail about analog video signals
3. (a) Differentiate function and method in ACTION SCRIPT (b) Write about static checking. Give examples
4. What is Interface? Explain the need of interfaces with a suitable example 5. Explain the how to design the currency converter frame work
6. (a) Compare dictionary based coding with lossless image compression? ( b) What is the idea behind embedded zero three of wavelet coefficient? 7. Discuss about (a) Video Compression Techniques (b) Audi Compression Techniques 8. Explain broad cast schemes for video on demand in detail?
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Code No: N0524 /R07
Set No. 4
Explain different file formats Explain all types of video signals.
(a) Explain Data type type checking in AS2.0 (b) Differentiate function and method in ACTION SCRIPT
What do you mean by uncaught exceptions? Explain how handle un caught exceptions. Explain about the Nested Assets are not automatically recognizes by Compiler Discuss the LZW Algorithm
(a) What is MPEG-2? Explain about MPEG-2 Scalabilities? (b) Discuss examples on use of MPEG -4 Explain TCP/IP protocols of multimedia networks?
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Code No: M0828 /R07
Set No. 1
IV B.Tech. I Semester Regular Examinations, November 2010 MEMBRANE TECHNOLOGY (Chemical Engineering) Time: 3 Hours Max Marks: 80 Answer any Five Questions All Questions carry equal marks *******
1. (a) What you understand about Sherwood plot [5] (b) Black liquor is effluent from pulp and paper industry. It contains around 60% water, 15% low molecular weight inorganics like sodium chloride and sodium sulfate and the remaining will be high molecular weight organics like lignin. Conventionally the effluent may be separated for the recovery of inorganics by combining evaporation with incineration. Due this valuable organics like lignin will be destroyed and water pollution problem becomes air pollution problem . Propose separation scheme consist of membrane separation process for the recovery inorganics without destroying lignin [5] (c) Write short notes on classification of membrane separation processes [6] 2. (a)What are the general requirements for porous supports of membranes? What are the important structural properties exhibited by membranes? (b) Explain briefly the phase inversion process for preparation of porous membranes 3. (a) Write and explain two different methods for determination of pore statistics (b) What sort of difference would you expect between TEM and SEM studies
4. (a) Differentiate between active and passive process with suitable example [6] (b) Explain the transport mechanism for gases through the porous membranes [6] (c) A reverse osmosis unit is to dimineralize 750,000l/day treated effluent. Determine the membrane area required if the plant is operated at following conditions: Permeability coefficient : 0.2 l/m2 day kPa Pressure difference between the feed and product water : 2500 kPa Osmotic pressure difference between feed and product water : 300 kPa [4] 5. (a) Explain the separation of NaCl solution in electrodialysis process using neutral membrane. (b)Write various significant properties that decide the suitability of the ion exchange membranes for specific application
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Code No: M0828 /R07
Set No. 1
6. (a)Why the dialysis process is passive process. Explain. [4] (b)Methane carbon dioxide gas mixture of 10 mole% CO2 is to be purified using a natural rubber membrane of 1 x 10-3 cm thickness with CO2 and CH4. Permeabilities of CO2 and CH4 are 1.632 x 10-8 and 0.373 x 10-8 kg moles. m / m2. hr. atm, respectively. The gas mixture is available at 50 atm and 75 mole% of the feed is to be recovered as retentate product. Making suitable assumption give a rough estimate of the membrane area required to process 10 kg moles/hr of feed. What is the quality of the retentate product? [12] 7. (a) What is fouling and differentiate between reversible and irreversible fouling? (b) Explain concentration polarization with respect to ultra filtration 8. (a) Explain capillary module with neat sketch (b) Differentiate between tubular and hollow fiber modules [8] [8] [10] [6]
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Code No: M0828 /R07
Set No. 2
1. (a) Explain briefly the advantages/disadvantages of membrane separation processes (b) Describe which membrane processes you can apply to isolate an ionic component from a fermentation broth 2. (a) Explain the methods of preparation of porous membranes. (b) Explain with example for the preparation of composite membrane via interfacial polymerization 3. (a) Explain briefly about bubble point method for the characterization of porous membranes. (b) Distinguish between sharp cut off and diffusive cut off membranes. [12] [4] [6] [10]
4. (a) Explain the concept of Donnan potential. [4] (b) Write short notes on equivalent conductance [4] (c) Explain briefly the mass transport mechanism through the non porous pervaporation membranes [8] 5. A small membrane unit with an area of 4 x 10-3 m2 is used at 25oC to determine the membrane constants for salt and water in reverse osmosis operation. The membrane is tested with a feed solution containing 12 kg NaCl / m3. The product solution has a concentration of 0.468 kg NaCl/ m3. The measured product flow rate is 3.84 x 10-8 m3 / s and the pressure difference used is 56 atm. Calculate the membrane constants and solute rejection factor. The osmotic pressure of the feed solution is 9 atm. [16]
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6. (a) Explain the following terms in relation to dialysis process. (i) Permeability (ii) Fractional separation, (iii) Flow patterns, (iv) Concentration polarization (b) Explain briefly the applications of pervaporation
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7. (a) Write short notes on turbulent promoters [6] (b) Discuss concentration polarization in electro dialysis and explain the term limiting current density [10] 8. (a) Explain briefly comparisons between various membrane modules (b) Write short notes on hollow fiber modules with neat sketch
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Code No: M0828 /R07
Set No. 3
1. (a) Explain briefly major applications of membrane processes [8] (b) Whey is a by product in the cheese production. It contains about 6% total dissolved solids and the tree main components are lactose, proteins and salts. Combine various membrane [8] 2. Explain dip coating method with neat flow chart and also explain what are the parameters that should be consider for the preparation of membranes by dip coating method [16] 3. (a) Explain briefly various characterization techniques used for characterization of porous membranes [10] (b) Explain the use of NMR and IR in the characterization of membranes [6] 4. (a) What is reflection coefficient and write its physical significance (b) What do you understand about Dual sorption theory (c) Write short notes on transport through the micro-filtration membrane
5. (a) Explain the concept of Donnan potential. [4] (b) We wish to desalinate 400 litres/min of a brackish water containing 1.5 g/L salt to 0.5 g/l salt in an ED system. The system has 200 cells. The efficiencies are estimated as: s=0.98, w= 0.99, M= 0.99.The average resistance of each cell is 0.03ohms.Determine i) The current in amps and the voltage in volts. ii) The energy required in cal/liter water iii) The power in kilowatts [12]
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6. (a)Explain the following terms in dialysis: Membranes, driving force, separation principle [6] (b) Why ultra pure water is required for the preparation of dialysate solution for kidney failure problems [4] (c)Write short notes on liquid membranes [6]
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Code No: M0828 /R07
Set No. 3
7. An ultrafiltration membrane is first tested in a stirred cell where there is no concentration polarization. The experimental values obtained in the table are obtained. Then the same membrane is used in a spiral wound module where there is concentration polarization and the data obtained is listed. .Assume membrane thickness and permeabilities are the same. Calculate the expected solvent flux and the concentration polarization modulus in the spiral Wound membrane system. Assume no gel layer is forming [16] Cb(conc.solute) Cp(conc.solute) Jsolv, L/m2day 10 g/L 0.25 g/L 7000 6 g/L 1.0 g/L p,bars 3.5 4.0
Stirred cell Spiral Wound
8. (a) Explain briefly capillary modules [8] (b) Explain briefly hollow fiber modules and why they are not suitable for pervaporation process. Explain [8]
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Code No: M0828 /R07
Set No. 4
1. What is the principle of membrane separation process? Name some important applications in industries and compare the process with other conventional processes. [16] 2. (a) Explain briefly plasmas polymerization with example (b) Explain briefly track etching method for the preparation of porous membranes
3. (a) Explain briefly about bubble point method for the characterization of porous membranes. [6] (b) Explain briefly AFM [6] (c) Explain the characterization technique used to know whether the given membrane is polar or non polar [4] 4. (a) What would be the osmotic pressure of a solution containing 1.5 g of a polymer [4] with a molecular weight of 18,000 dissolved in 100ml of solution at 25oC (b) Differentiate between Knudsen diffusion and molecular diffusion with the help of equations [8] (c) Classify membrane separation processes based on driving forces [4] 5. (a) Explain briefly the applications of micro-filtration and ultra-filtration (b) Write short notes on mobility. Also write the relationship between mobility and transport number. 6. (a) What do you understand by liquid membranes and explain how they differ from dynamically formed membranes. Name the widely used liquid membrane for desalination. (b) Explain briefly the concept of membrane reactors with suitable examples
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Code No: M0828 /R07
Set No. 4
7. An enzyme is being concentrated in an ultra filtration module with the feed in cross-flow. Under the given flow condition the mass transfer coefficient at the membrane surface is estimated to be 3x10-5cm/s. the bulk concentration is 0.3 mass%. If the water flux is 0.41m3/m2.h, calculate the polarization modulus and the concentration of the enzyme in the liquid at the membrane surface. The membrane has a distribution of pore size and 95% rejection of the solute is achieved. If the diffusivity of the enzyme is 8x10-7cm2/s, calculate the thickness of the mass transfer film [16] 8. (a) Explain briefly the plate and frame module with neat sketch with emphasis on its advantages and disadvantages (b) Which is most suitable module for mineral water and why?
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Code No: M0829 /R07
Set No. 1
IV B.Tech. I Semester Regular Examinations, November 2010 INDUSTRIAL BIOTECHNOLOGY (CHEMICAL ENGINEERING) Time: 3 Hours Max Marks: 80 Answer any Five Questions All Questions carry equal marks
******* 1. Compare chemical and bioprocess system in relation to product economics with examples. 2. Write the applications of animal cell culture.
3. What is a medium? Explain the preparation of common tissue culture medium. 4. Why is stem cell culture important? How do stem cells differentiate?
5. What are the legal aspects of biotechnology? 6. Explain briefly the basic separation processes for a microbial product. 7. Write briefly an overview on biotechnology and development.
8. Write short notes on: a) Phagocytosis b) Cybrids c) Cryopreservation d) Monoclonal antibodies
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Code No: M0829 /R07
Set No. 2
******* 1. Enumerate the role of microorganisms in a bioprocess.
2. What are the different types of transformation techniques that are used for the Production of transgenic plants?
3. How are transgenic animals produced? How is the process different from production of transgenic plants? [16] 4. Explain the basic techniques of mammalian cell culture. 5. What are the ethical aspects of biotechnology.
6. Examine the continuing role which economics plays in bioprocess research, development and commercialization. 7. Explain briefly an overview on biotechnology and development. 8. Write short notes on: a) Stem cell culture b) Chromatography c) Organogenesis d) Bioprocess parameters
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Code No: M0829 /R07
Set No. 3
******* 1. Briefly write a historical overview of industrial fermentation process.
2. Write a note on totipotency? Explain the importance of organogenesis. 3. Write briefly on gene therapy. 4.
Explain the basic techniques in recombinant DNA technology.
5. What are the social aspects of Biotechnology.
6. Describe about different strategies involved in recovery of biomolecules by giving unit operations employed in each stage. [16] 7. Explain briefly an overview on biotechnology and development.
8. Write short notes on: a) Somatic cell fusion b) Plant transformation c) Cell synchronization d) Animal cell culture technology
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Code No: M0829 /R07
Set No. 4
******* 1. Write short notes on a) Sterilization b) Contamination c) Fermentation media screening 2. Explain briefly hybridoma technology.
3. Write the applications of plant cell culture.
4. Define bioethics. What are the major ethical concerns on account of recent developments in the field of biotechnology. [16] 5. Describe about different strategies involved in recovery of biomolecules by giving unit operations employed in each stage. [16] 6. Explain how vegetative multiplication can be used to develop virus-free plants. 7. Explain briefly a third world perspective on biotechnology. 8. Write short notes on: a) Somatic embryogenesis b) Gene therapy c) Cell transformation d) Bioreactors
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Code No: M0830 /R07
Set No. 1
IV B.Tech. I Semester Regular Examinations, November 2010 CHEMICAL ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS (CHEMICAL ENGINEERING)
Time: 3 Hours Answer any Five Questions All Questions carry equal marks ******* 1. 30kg moles of feed stock of benzene and Toluene containing 0.35 mole fraction of Benzene is changed to a still and heat is supplied to a still to distill benzene. The feed rate is 15kg moles/hr. Heat input is adjusted so that the total moles of liquid in the still remain constant at 30. Estimate the time required for the composition of overhead product to fall to 0.45 mole fraction of benzene. No liquid stock is removed from the still during this period. Benzene and Toluene may be assumed to follow Roults law and the relative volatility , may be taken as constant at on average, value of 2.48 under those 2.48 xw circumstance, Yd= 1 + 1.48 xw
2. A tubular chemical reactor of length L and 1.0 m2 in cross section is employed to carry out a first order chemical reaction in which a material A is converted to a product B. The reaction is A B and the specific reaction rate constant is K h-1. If the feed rate is U ft3/h, the feed concentration of A is C0, and the diffusivity of A is assumed to be constant at D ft2/hr, determine the concentration of A as a function of length along the reactor. It may be assumed that there is no volume change during the reaction and that steady state condition is established.
Max Marks: 80
3. A semi infinite solid maintained at an initial temperature T0. The surface temperature at x=0 is suddenly increased and maintained at a temp. T1. Derive the expression for the temperature distribution in the solid as a function of time and distance. 4. Explain the Jacobis and Gauss-Seidel iterative methods by considering an example. 5. Solve the difference equation: Yn+2 + 2A Yn+1 + B Yn = 0; given that Y0 = 0, Y1 = 3, Y2 = 6, Y3 = 36.
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Code No: M0830 /R07

6.
Set No. 1
A benzene-toluene fed containing 60 mole percent of benzene is fed continuously to a distillation column. If there are 9 plates between the reboiler and the fed plate and the top product contains 98 mole percent benzene, whilst the liquid leaving the base of the column contains 2 mole percent benzene, estimate the overall plate efficiency of the column. The feed enters the column at its boiling point and the relative volatility of benzene to toluene can be considered to be constant at 2.3. The reflux ratio is 3.0. Following observations are made in experimental work on cosmic rays. Find by the method of least squares, the best values of a and b for the equation R = a b C , which fits the data and estimate the most probable value of R for C = 20.7. C R 14 24.1 15 20.5 16 14.0 17 7.3 18 5.0
7.
8.
Explain the factorial method of designing of experiments.
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Code No: M0830 /R07
Set No.2
Time: 3 Hours Answer any Five Questions All Questions carry equal marks *******
1. Apply the law of conservation of mass to the example of salt accumulation in stirred tank. Develop the example from fundamentals. Give the appropriate nomenclature and clearly indicate the assumptions that are made in the formulation of the problem. Solve the following differential equation
Max Marks: 80
2.
d2y dy 2 x 2 2 x + y = x 2e x dx dx
3.
A slab (extending indefinitely in the y and z - directions) at an initial temperature T1 has its two faces suddenly cooled to T0. What is the relation between temperature, time after quenching (cooling) and position within the slab? The thickness of the slab is 2R in the x direction.
4. Explain the Gauss-Seidel and Successive Over-relaxation iterative methods by considering an example. 5. Solve the difference equation: yn+1 2 yn 8 yn-1 = 4n2 + en 6. Describe how finite difference method is applied for the calculation of number of theoretical plates required for a distillation column. Illustrate with an example.
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Code No: M0830 /R07
Set No.2
7. The variation of thermal conductivity k with temperature T in 0C of a metallic rod is of the form k = a + bT, where a and b are constants. The following table gives the value of k obtained against temperature T. Find the best estimates of a and b using the method of averages. T 0C K(cal/cm sec 0C) 30 25.3 40 27.6 50 30.2 60 31.5 70 32.7 80 33.4
8. Analyse the following data obtained in a factorially designed experiment : Run Temp. 0C Time stirring rate yield (h) (rpm) 1 50 0.5 16 28 2 70 0.5 16 43 3 50 2.0 16 30 4 70 2.0 16 47 5 50 0.5 28 60 6 70 0.5 28 88 7 50 2.0 28 65 8 70 2.0 28 81
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Code No: M0830 /R07
Set No.3
1. Two concentric spherical metallic shells are separated by a solid material. If the two metal surfaces are maintained at different constant temperatures T0 and T1, determine the steady state temperature distribution within the separating material? Make the necessary assumptions and use the heat conduction equation applicable for the spherical shells. Solve the following differential equations dy a) + y cot x = 4 x cos ec x, if y = 0, when x = dx 2 2 d y dy b) + 2. + 2 y = e x .cos x 2 dx dx
Max Marks: 80
2.
3.
Derive the equation of continuity for a compressible fluid flowing through a cubical element for unsteady state conditions in rectangular co-ordinates. Solve the following equations by Jacobis method x + 2y + z = 8 2x y + 2z =6 3x + 2y z = 4 GN+1 Kg moles/h of wet gas containing YN+1 Kg moles/mole of solute are fed into the base of a plate absorption column where the solute is to be stripped from the gas by absorption in Lo Kg moles/h of lean oil which is fed into the top of the column. If the solute in the entering oil is Xo Kg moles/mole of lean oil and the solute in the exit gas is Y1 kg moles of solute per mole of wet gas, show that the performance of the absorber can be expressed in terms of the absorption factor A = (Lo/KGN+1) and the number of ideal stages by the Kremser-Brown equation YN +1 Y1 A N +1 A = N +1 where Km is the equilibrium constant. YN +1 Y0 A 1 1of 2
4.
5.
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Code No: M0830 /R07
Set No.3
6.
Solve the following finite difference equations 2 (a)yn+2 yn = y n +1 (b)xn+1 xn + A xn+1 Bxn C = 0 The reaction rate constant for the decomposition of a substituted dibasic acid has been determined at various temperatures as fallows. T0 C 50.0 70.1 89.4 101.0 K x 104 (hr-1) 1.08 7.34 45.4 138 Use the method of least squares to determine the activation energy (E) in the equation k = A e-E/RT, where T is measured in degree Kelvin. Analyse the following data obtained in a factorial designed experiment : Run Temp. Pressure time yield 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 100 200 100 200 100 200 100 200 20 20 60 60 20 20 60 60 10 10 10 10 30 30 30 30
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Code No: M0830 /R07
Set No.4
1. A gas is absorbed by a solution with which it reacts chemically. The rate of diffusion in the liquid will be assumed proportional to the concentration gradient and the diffusing gas is eliminated as it diffuses by a chemical reaction of the first order in which the role of reaction is proportional to the concentration of the solute gas in the liquid. Obtain an equation for the concentration in the liquid as a function of the distance from the interface. Solve the following differential equations dy (a) y cot x = cos ec x dx d2y (b) y = tan x dx 2 Btu Heat is supplied at a fixed rate Q to one face of a large rectangular slab of h ft 2 Btu Btu density lb/ft3, specific heat Cp and thermal conductivity K . 0 2 0 lb F h ft F ft 1 Find the variation of surface temperature with time, during the early stage after exposure.
Max Marks: 80
2.
3.
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Explain the Jacobis and Successive Over-relaxation iterative methods by considering an example. Solve the difference equation: Yn+4 9Yn+3 + 30Yn+2 44Yn+1 + 24Yn = 4n a Describe the application of finite difference method, for the calculation of number of stages required for a counter current liquid-liquid extraction system.
5.
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Code No: M0830 /R07
Set No.4
7.
Use the method of averages to fit the best equation of the type Nu = a Prn to the following data. Pr 0.74 4.2 5.6 3.0 5.0 10.0 17.7 18.6 Nu 30.0 60.3 69.0 58.4 70.7 84.5 115 115 Analyse the following data obtained in a factorially designed experiment : Run Conc. % Duration Temp. Yield 0 min. C 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 87 93 87 93 87 93 87 93 15 15 30 30 15 15 30 30 60 60 60 60 70 70 70 70 6.08 6.04 6.53 6.43 6.79 6.68 6.73 6.18
8.
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Code No: M1025 /R07
Set No. 1
IV B.Tech. I Semester Regular Examinations, November 2010 DIGITAL CONTROL SYSTEMS (Electronics and Instrumentation Engineering)
Max Marks: 80 Answer any Five Questions All Questions carry equal marks ******* 1. (a) With suitable block diagram explain the general sampled data control system. (b) What do you mean by the problem of aliasing? How to overcome this? [8+8] 2. (a) Obtain the z - transform of the following: 1 (i) F ( t ) = ( 1 e at ) (ii) F ( t ) = t 2 e at (where a is a constant) a (b) Obtain the inverse z-transform of the following: 0.368 z 2 + 0.478 z + 0.154 z (ii) X ( z ) = 2 [8+8] (i) X ( z ) = 2 z ( z 1) z +1 3. (a) Determine the pulse transfer function of two cascaded systems, each described by the difference equation y( k ) = 0.5 y(k - 1) + r(k) . (b) Explain the procedure for obtaining the pulse transfer function of a closed loop transfer function. [8+8] 4. The pulse transfer function of a digital control system is given by Y( z ) z 3 + 2z 2 + z + 2 . Obtain a state space representation for the system and draw the = R( z ) z 3 + 3 z 2 + 2 z + 1 state diagram. Also obtain the pulse transfer matrix. [16] 5. Investigate the controllability and observability of the following systems. 1 1 0 (a) x( k + 1 ) = x( k ) + 1u( k ) and y( k ) = [1 1]x( k ) 0 1 Time: 3 Hours
1 2 1 0 1 0 (b) x( k + 1 ) = x( k ) + 0 1u( k ) and y( k ) = 0 1 x( k ) 1 1 What can you say about controllability and observability of the state model in part (a) without making any further calculations? [8+8]
6. Discuss how the stability analysis of discrete control system is done using (a) Routh stability criteria (b) Bilinear transformation.
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[16]
7. (a) Explain the design procedure of digital controller through bilinear transformation. (b) Explain the digital PID controllers. [8+8] 8. (a) Explain the procedure of designing a state feedback controller through pole placement. (b) Explain the full order observer with block diagram. [8+8] 1 of 1
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Code No: M1025 /R07
Set No. 2
Time: 3 Hours Max Marks: 80 Answer any Five Questions All Questions carry equal marks ******* 1. (a) Explain the conditions to be satisfied for reconstruction of sampled signal into continuous signal. (b) With help of schematic diagram explain the principal operation of digital to analog conversion. [8+8]
2. (a) State and prove the following theorems of z-transforms. (i) Shifting theorem (ii) Complex translation theorem (b) Obtain the inverse z-transform of the following:
z 3 (i) F ( z ) = ( 1 z 1 )( 1 0.2 z 1 )
z 1 ( 1 z 2 ) (ii) F ( z ) = ( 1 + z 2 )2
3. Solve the following difference equations: (a) x(k+2) +3 x(k+1) +2 x(k)=0; x(0)=0, and x(1)=1. (b) y(k+2) 1.5 y(k+1) + y(k)=2(k); where y(0)=0 and y(1)=1. 4. Find the state space representation of the following system: y(k + 2) - 3y(k + 1) + 2y(k) = 4k and y(0) = 0 ; y(1) = 1. Find the complete solution of the above system. 5. A system is described by the following state model 2 2 1 x(k + 1) = x(k ) + 1u (k ) and y (k ) = [1 1]x(k ) 0 0
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[8+8]
[16]
Test its (i) State controllability, (ii) Output Controllability and (iii) Observability.
[16]
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Code No: M1025 /R07
Set No. 2
6. (a) Consider a closed loop discrete time system as shown in figure 6(a), where K is the gain of the plant. It is desired to determine the range of K for which the system is stable. Use Jurys stability test.
Figure 6(a) (b) Explain the root locations relationship between the s-plane - and the z-plane.
7. (a) Explain the design procedure of digital controller through bilinear transformation. (b) Derive the pulse transfer function of digital PID controller. [8+8] 8. (a) Derive Ackermans formula. (b) Consider the single input digital control system, X(k + 1) = AX(k) + Bu(k)
1 0 0 where A = ; and B = 1 . 2 3
Determine the state feedback matrix K such that the state feedback u(k) = - Kx(k), places the closed loop poles at 0.3j0.3. [8+8]
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Code No: M1025 /R07
Set No. 3
Time: 3 Hours Max Marks: 80 Answer any Five Questions All Questions carry equal marks ******* 1. (a) State and explain the sampling theorem. (b) Explain the advantages and disadvantages of digital control systems.
[8+8]
2. (a) Find the z-transform of the following: (i) f (t ) = t 2 (ii) f (t ) = e t sin t (b) What are the popular methods are used to find the inverse z-transform? Explain briefly each of them. [8+8] 3. (a) Determine the pulse transfer function of two cascaded systems, each described by the difference equation y( k ) = 0.5 y(k - 1) + r(k) . (b) Solve the following difference equation: x(k+2) + 3 x(k+1) +2 x(k) =0; x(0)=0, and x(1)=1.
4. Find state model for the following difference equation. Also find its state transition matrix. y(k+2) + 3y(k+1) + 2y(k) = 5u(k+1) + 3u(k). [16] 5. (a) Investigate the controllability and observability of the digital system. 1 1 0 X( k + 1) = X ( k ) + 1 u( k ) and y( k ) = [1 1]X ( k ) 0 1 (b) Develop relationship between controllability, observability and transfer functions. [9+7]
6. (a) Write a short note on stability analysis of a closed loop system in the z-plane. (b) Using Jurys stability criterion, determine the stability of the following discrete time system, z3 - 2.3 z2 + 1.7z - 0.4=0. [8+8] 7. Derive the pulse transfer function of digital PID controller. Also the design procedure of PID controller. [16] 8. (a) Explain the procedure of designing a state feedback controller through pole placement. (b) Explain the full order observer with block diagram. [8+8]
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Code No: M1025 /R07
Set No. 4
Time: 3 Hours Max Marks: 80 Answer any Five Questions All Questions carry equal marks ******* 1. (a) Derive the transfer function of zero order hold device. (b) Explain the advantages of digital controllers over analog controllers. [8+8] [4x4]
2. Find the inverse z-transform for the following functions: (i) F ( z ) =
2z 10 z 1 2z + 1 (ii) F ( z ) = 2 (iii) F ( z ) = 2 (iv) F ( z ) = 2 z ( z 0.2) ( z 0.1) z 1.2 z + 0.5 z 1
3. The input-output of a sampled-data system is described by the difference equation [16] y (k+2) + 3y (k+1) + 4y (k) = r (k+1) - r (k). Determine the pulse transfer function. Also obtain the unit-pulse response of the system. 4. The pulse transfer function of digital control systems is given by G ( z ) = 5z . Obtain z 3z + 2 a state space representation for the system. Find the complete solution to a unit step input and assume that, the initial conditions are zero. [16]
2
5. (a) Derive the necessary condition for the digital control system X(k + 1) = AX(k) + Bu(k) C(k) = DX (k) to be observable. (b) Consider a discrete linear discrete - data control system, whose input output relation is described by the difference equation y(k+2)+2y(k+1)+y(k)=u(k+1)+u(k). Test for state controllable and output controllable. [8+8]
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6. (a) State and explain Jurys stability test. [8+8] (b) Explain the mapping between s-plane and z-plane with primary and secondary strips.
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Code No: M1025 /R07
Set No. 4
7. A block diagram of a digital control system is shown in Figure 7. Design a PID controller D(z), to eliminate the steady-state error due to a step input and simultaneously realizing a good transient response, and the ramp-error constant Kv should equal 5. [16]
8. (a) Explain the effects of the observer on a closed-loop system. (b) Consider the single input digital control system, X(k + 1) = AX(k) + Bu(k) 1 0 0 where A = ; and B = 1 . 2 3 Determine the state feedback matrix K such that the state feedback u(k) = - Kx(k), places the closed loop poles at 0.5j0.5. [8+8]
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Code No: M1921 /R07
Set No. 1
IV B.Tech. I Semester Regular Examinations, November 2010 UNIX PROGRAMMING (Electronics & Computer Engineering)
Time: 3 Hours Answer any Five Questions All Questions carry equal marks ******* 1. (a) What are the features of UNIX? Describe. (b) How do you access UNIX? 2. (a) What are the modes of vi editor? (b) Define a cursor and explain the role it plays in vi editor. (c) Write about new line command. Max Marks: 80
3. (a) What is an alias? How are korn and Bash shell format for alias and unalias commands is different the C shell? (b) What is a pipe? (c) Define cat command. What is its general application? 4. (a) How will you remove blank lines from a file using grep? (b) How do you use egrep and fgrep to take patterns from a file? (c) Write a command sequence to find out the number of occurances of a word in a file. 5. (a) How many types of expressions does awk utility support? Explain with examples. (b) Compare and contrast three different awk output statements (print, printf and sprintf)
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6. (a) What is command line editing? Explain the editors used for this purpose. (b) List and explain any 10 environmental variables defined for korn shell. 7. (a) What is a c shell? Explain its main features. (b) What is the exit status of a command? Where is it stored in c shell? 8. (a) Write in detail about unix file structure. (b) Briefly explain system calls for file management with suitable examples.
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Code No: M1921 /R07
Set No. 2
Time: 3 Hours Max Marks: 80 Answer any Five Questions All Questions carry equal marks ******* (a) Give the structure of UNIX. Explain. (b) Give the format for who command. What are the options of this command?
1.
2. (a) Name two categories of regular files. Does UNIX recognize the difference between these two categories? Explain. (b) What is the current working directory? What is the token to define the current working directory? 3. (a) Define the wc command. What is its general application? (b) Compare and contrast the head and tail command and the cut command. (c) How do you store data in C Shell? 4. ( a) Explain the following with examples using sed
i) ii) iii) iv) The remembered pattern The repeated pattern Performing multiple substitutions Compressing multiple spaces
(b) What does grep ^ \* do? Is the \ really necessary? 5. What are the parts in a awk script? Give an example awk script that adds the three numbers and prints them followed by their sum. 6. (a) What is a variable? What are different types of variables? Discuss different operations on these variables in korn shell. (b) Explain the steps involved in executing a command in the korn shell with example. 7. (a) Explain environmental variables and on-off variables in c shell. (b) Define a shell script. Give the general format of a c shell script. 8. (a) Explain the file I/O operations in unix file system. (b) Write short notes on directory API.
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Code No: M1921 /R07
Set No. 3
Time: 3 Hours Answer any Five Questions All Questions carry equal marks ******* 1. (a) How many options are available for the Passwd command? What they do? (b) Explain the difference between multi user operating system and multitask operating system. 2. (a) Give the format for disk file. Name the sub sections in the file system? (b) Define the following and explain with examples. i) grep ii) join iii) cut iv) nl 3. (a) What are the different types of shells? Explain. (b) List the ways that you can use to customize your shell environment in each shell. 4. (a) Use grep to simulate each of the following commands.
i) ii) iii) iv) cat > file1 tail +30 file1 head -20 file1 cat file1
Max Marks: 80
(b) Show two ways by which grep can locate lines longer than 15 characters 5. (a) How does awk utility process each record or line in the file? (b) Write a script that prints all input lines 6. (a) Define a shell script. Give general form of korn shell script. (b) Explain the process of debugging korn shell script. 7. (a) What is a variable? What are the types of variables? Discuss different operations that can be performed on these variables in c shell. (b) What are the special parameters in c shell. 8. (a) Explain the following system calls with syntax: stat(), fstat(), lstat(), chmod(), chown() (b) What is the advantage of having lseek as a seperate system call instead of passing the starting offset to every read and write? What are the drawbacks? 1 of 1
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Code No: M1921 /R07
Set No. 4
Time: 3 Hours Answer any Five Questions All Questions carry equal marks ******* 1. (a) Define the parts of a command. (b) Describe the three phases involved in a session. (c) How many options are available for the cal command? What do they do? 2. (a) What are symbolic links? (b) Define the following and explain with examples. i) egrep ii) cmp iii) pg iv) awk Max Marks: 80
3. (a) How can you create a sub shell? How can you move to the parent shell after creating a sub shell? (b) How can you redirect the standard input stream to a file? (c) What is command line editing? 4. (a) What are the ways in line addressing done in sed? (b) What are the several options used by grep? Discuss with examples. (c) When does grep fail? 5. Explain the address and action sections of a typical awk command with a couple of example. 6. (a) Write korn shell script to simulate: - cat command - copy command (b) Explain about control statements in korn shell. 7. Explain the following expressions in c shell: - mathematical, relational, logical and file 8. (a) Explain the following system calls with syntax: - link(), synlink(), unlink() (b) Explain in detail about the working and syntax of directory handling system calls 1of 1
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Code No: M2127 /R07
Set No. 1
IV B.Tech. I Semester Regular Examinations, November 2010 AIRPORT MANAGEMENT

(AERONAUTICAL ENGINEERING)
1. (a) Explain the classification of airports?
Max Marks: 80
[8]
(b) List out the components of an airport and give the general layout of an airport 2. Describe the various Navigational Aids that exist on airfields? 3. Write short notes on: (a) En route enhancements (b) Free flight
[8] [16]
4. Describe the essential and ancillary processing facilities, including terminal concessions, [16] located within airport terminal 5. Discuss approaches to mitigate bird and wildlife hazards
6. Differentiate the security procedures between commercial service airports and general aviation airports? 7. Describe the various operating and non operating revenues at airports. 8. Write short notes on: (a) (b) (c) (d) Queuing diagram Time space diagram CODAS (Consolidated Operations and Delay Analysis System) Practical capacity
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Code No: M2127 /R07
Set No. 2

Time: 3 Hours
Max Marks: 80 Answer any Five Questions All Questions carry equal marks ******* 1. Who typically owns the airports in countries like India and give their organizational structure. [16] 2. (a) How are runways identified on the airfield (b) What are Runway aiming points? 3. Give the classification of airspace and explain them in brief. [8] [8]
4. Describe various technologies that are being implemented to improve ground access to the airport. [16] 5. (a)what is pavement management, explain the importance of pavement operations management? (b) List the symptoms of potential pavement failures.
6. Write short notes on: (a) Passenger screening (b) Aviation terrorism (c) Airport security plan. (d) Controlled access
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[8] [8] [4+4+4+4]
7. Describe the various operating and non operating revenues at airports. 8. Define the concepts of capacity, particularly relating to airport activity.
[16] [16]
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Code No: M2127 /R07
Set No. 3

Time: 3 Hours
Max Marks: 80
Answer any Five Questions All Questions carry equal marks ******* 1. (a) What are the specific rules and regulations required to operate an airport? (b) Explain the role of ICAO in airport management 2. Write short notes on the following (a) Instrument landing system (b) Primary runway (c) Runway markings (d) Wind sock
[8] [8] [16]
3. Give the difference between visual flight rules (VFR) and instrument flight rules (IFR) 4. (a) What is mobile lounge concept? (b) Explain the importance of Apron/gate system
5. Write short notes on: (a) Aircraft rescue and fire fighting (ARFF) vehicles (b) Ice and snow control
6. Discuss the various technologies that are being developed to enhance the airport security [16] 7. Explain the different levels of privatization that may exist at airports. 8. (a) Identify the factors of the airport environment that affect capacity and delay. (b) Discuss the various strategies to reduce delay at airports. [16] [8] [8]
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Code No: M2127 /R07
Set No. 4

Time: 3 Hours
Max Marks: 80 Answer any Five Questions All Questions carry equal marks ******* 1. (a) Give a brief note on airport privatization. [8] (b) What are the principle duties of airport manager at commercial airports? [8] 2. Write a short note on the following: (a) Air traffic control tower (b) Wind indicators [8+8]
3. (a) Explain the conventional working of air traffic control (b) Discuss the importance of change from Air traffic control to Air traffic management concept. 4. Write short notes on: (a) Pier finger terminals (b) Aircraft parking positions (c) Common use terminal equipment (CUTE) (d) Terminal curbs side
5. What are some of the goals of an airports safety inspection program?
6. How does airport security differ between commercial airport and general aviation airports?[16] 7. Write short notes on: (a) Residual cost approach (b) Compensatory cost approach (c) Privatization (d) BOT (build, operate, transfer) contracts 8. (a) How do runway configurations affect capacity and delay? (b) Differentiate between throughput capacity and practical capacity? [4+4+4+4]
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Code No: M2226/R07
Set No. 1
IV B.Tech I Semester Regular Examinations, November 2010 ADAPTIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS ( ICE) Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80 Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry equal marks
1. With suitable diagrams, write about dierent components of adaptive control system. [16] 2. (a) Discuss about geometric interpretation of least square estimate. (b) Explain the projection algorithm.
3. (a) Consider a system 1 G(s) = s(s+b) where b is an unknown parameter. Assume that the desired closed loop re2 sponse is Gm (s)= s2 +2s+2 . Derive continuous time indirect self tuning algorithms for the system. (b) Explain the minimum degree pole placement design with an algorithm. [8+8] 4. (a) Consider a system with A(q) = q2 + a1 q + a2 B(q) = b0 q + b1 C(q) = q2 + c1 q + c2 Determine the variance of the closed loop system as a function of b1 when the moving average controller is used. (b) Explain the basic direct self tuning algorithm.
5. Dene extended space and gain of a non-linear system and illustrate the denitions with examples. [16] 6. Draw and explain the block diagram of model-reference adaptive system and explain about each block. [16] 7. (a) Describe the function of realistic PID regulator. (b) What are the several ways of auto tuning? [8+8]
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[9+7]
8. (a) Explain the block diagram of controller based on non-linear transformation. (b) Discuss the applications of gain scheduling. [8+8]
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Code No: N2226/R07
Set No. 2
IV B.Tech I Semester Regular Examinations, November 2010 ADAPTIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS ( ICE ) Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80 Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry equal marks
1. (a) Explain the dierent congurations of adaptive control schemes. (b) Explain in detail about dual control. 2. (a) Explain the statistical interpretation of least square estimate. (b) Write about recursive least squares with exponential forgetting. 3. (a) Explain the algorithm for hybrid self tuner. (b) Explain about direct self tuning regulators. [8+8]
4. (a) Explain the basic direct self tuning algorithm.
(b) Explain the self tuning feed forward control algorithm.
5. (a) Explain the methods for construction of Lyapunov functions for a stable system. (b) Explain Lyapunov functions for linear systems.
1 6. (a) Consider the transfer function of a plant G(s) = s(s+b) , where b is an unknown parameter. Determine the MRAC that can give the closed loop system Gm (s) 2 = s2 +2s+2
(b) With the help of suitable diagram, explain MRACS.

n k=1 n 1 esL . (1+sTk )
7. Consider a process with the transfer function G(s)= equation T+L= A0 ;gives T+L = K
k=1
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[8+8]
[8+8]
[8+8]
[8+8] Show that the [16]
8. (a) Explain the block diagram of gain scheduling. (b) Explain the design considerations of gain scheduling controllers. [8+8]
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Code No: M2226/R07
Set No. 3
1. Explain the following: (a) Certainity equivalence principle (b) Underlying design problem (c) Hyper state.
2. (a) Explain the statistical interpretation of least square estimate.
(b) Write about recursive least squares with exponential forgetting. 3. (a) Explain the algorithm for hybrid self tuner. (b) Explain about direct self tuning regulators.
4. (a) Explain the design of moving average controller.
(b) Explain design procedure of linear quadratic STR. 5. (a) Explain dierent passivity concepts on linear time invariant systems. (b) State and prove Kalman-Yakubovich lemma.
6. Describe in detail the design of MRAS using Lyapunov theory with an example. [16] 7. (a) Dene and explain the method of describing function.
T /2
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[6+5+5]
[8+8]
[8+8]
[8+8]
[8+8]
(b) Prove that =
eAs dsB in a linear system with relay control.
[8+8]
8. Gain scheduling reduces parameter variations. Explain with suitable examples. [16]
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Code No: M2226/R07
Set No. 4
1. With suitable diagrams, write about dierent components of adaptive control system. [16] 2. (a) With an example, discuss the need for persistently excitation. (b) Explain the inuence of forgetting factor in recursive least square algorithm. [8+8] 3. (a) Explain the properties of direct self tuners.
(b) Explain the algorithm for hybrid self tuners.
4. (a) Explain the properties of minimum variance and moving average self tuners. (b) Explain about linear quadratic STR. 5. Explain the conditions for a system to be (a) stable
(b) unstable
(c) asymptotically stable. 6. Explain the following:
(a) Augmented error
(b) MRAS using Lyapunov rule (c) Positive real transfer function (d) Kalman-Yakubovich lemma. [4+4+4+4]
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[8+8]
[16]
k 7. Consider a process with the transfer function given by G(s)= 1+s esL . Determine a proportionate regulator obtained with the Ziegler-Noelhols method. [16]
8. (a) Gain scheduling adapts quickly to changing conditions- Justify. (b) Explain the compensation of non-linear actuator using gain scheduling. [8+8]
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Code No: M2330 /R07
Set No. 1
IV B.Tech. I Semester Regular Examinations, November 2010 NANO BIOTECHNOLOGY (BIO-TECHNOLOGY)

Time: 3 Hours Answer any Five Questions All Questions carry equal marks ******* Max Marks: 80
1. What is nano biotechnology? Mention its applications in pharmacy and medicine. [16] 2. What are biomaterials? Give its characteristics?
3. What is the range of nanoscale? What is the smallest size that the human life can see? [16] 4. Describer in detailed about nanoscale bio-structures.
5. Explain nano conducting Polymer proteins and Mention its properties 6. Discuss the simulation and molecular design of some bio systems 7. Discuss protein hybrid computers with neat sketches. What are the applications of hybrid computers? 8. Discuss the applications of nano dendrimers for the development of nano luminescent tags
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[16] [16] [16]
[16]
[16]
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Code No: M2330 /R07
Set No. 2

Time: 3 Hours Answer any Five Questions All Questions carry equal marks ******* 1. Define nano Science & Technology. Distinguish between Nano technology and Nano biotechnology? 2. How can you study the surface of morphology of a bio system by using scanning probe microscope? Max Marks: 80
3. Explain the properties of heterogeneous nano structures with Examples. 4. Narrate the Heterogeneous nano structure and its composites.
5. Discuss protein hybrid computers with neat sketches. What are the applications of hybrid computers? 6. What are Biosensors? Write about their design and its applications. 7. Discuss the significance of metal nano particles on drug-delivery system. 8. Write short notes on any four of the following: (a) Designer biopolymers (b) Molecular motors (c) Procollagen (d) DNA Polynode (e) Protein magnetic materials
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[16]
[16] [16] [16]
[16] [16] [16] [44=16]
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Code No: M2330 /R07
Set No. 3

Time: 3 Hours Answer any Five Questions All Questions carry equal marks ******* 1. What do you meant by Nano technology? How can you distinguish between molecules, nano particles and bulks according to the number of atoms in the clusters? Give its examples? 2. Explain the classification of Nano materials with examples? Max Marks: 80
3. What are smart materials? Mention its characteristics? Give its applications.
4. Discuss protein hybrid computers with neat sketches. What are the applications of hybrid computers?
5. Discuss with example about the Heterogeneous nano structure and its composites. [16] 6. What are biomaterials? Give any two Examples. How can you prepare the bio nano particles by using sol-gel process? [16] 7. Write precise notes on the following: (a) Molecular motors. (b) Photo dynamic therapy. 8. Discuss role of topoisomerases in the DNA helical structure design.
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[16] [16] [16]
[16]
[2X8=16]
[16]
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Code No: M2330 /R07
Set No. 4

Time: 3 Hours Answer any Five Questions All Questions carry equal marks ******* 1. What is DNA? How can you analyze the DNA system by using nanotech? 2. List out the few spectroscopic and microscopic techniques for analysis of bio-nano particles. [16] Max Marks: 80
3. What is meant by SEM? Explain the construction and working of SEM? Give its applications. 4. What are nano crystalline composites? How can you made the nano composites by wing chemical vapour deposition technique. 5. Explain nano conducting Polymer proteins. Mention its properties. 6. What are biomaterials? Give any two Examples. How can you prepare the bio nano particles by using sol-gel process? 7. Write a short note on any two of the following: (a) Molecular motors (b) Photo dynamic therapy (c) Neuro Electronic interphases 8. Write short notes on any four of the following: (a) (b) (c) (d) (e) Designer biopolymers Role of genetically engineered polymer proteins Procollagen DNA Polynode Protein magnetic materials
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[16]
[16]
[16] [16]
[16] [28=16]
[44=16]
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Code No: M2331/R07
Set No. 1
IV B.Tech I Semester Regular Examinations, November 2010 METABOLIC ENGINEERING (Bio-Technology) Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80 Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry equal marks
1. Write short notes on: (a) Glucose eect (b) Isoenzyme regulation. [8+8]
2. Explain feed back control architecture in the Aspartate amino acid pathways.[16] 3. Dene primary and secondary metabolites. What is the dierence between the two? Give examples for both of them. [16] 4. Explain dierent practical approaches to xenobiotic biotic degradation; discuss the role of metabolic engineering in biodegradation. [8+8] 5. How do mutants eect the enzyme production? List out the aspects involved in optimization of mutants for high yield protein production. [16] 6. What is thermodynamic feasibility? How can one over come positive ? G values in a metabolic pathway. [16] 7. Describe metabolic pathway synthesis algorithm with an example.
8. Explain the role of metabolic engineering in the production of vit C and biotin.[16]
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Code No: M2331/R07
Set No. 2
1. Explain dierent patterns of regulation biosynthetic metabolic pathways.
[16]
2. Explain the metabolic pathway manipulations to improve the production of 1, 3 propanediol. [16] 3. Write about prophase-idophase relation ship? Explain characteristics and functions of secondary metabolites. [16] 4. Write short notes on:
(a) Origin of capacity to degrade xenobiotics by microorganisms (b) Use of mixed microbial populations.
5. Explain the pathway manipulations to extension of product spectrum and novel products. [16] 6. Explain stoichiometry of cellular reactions with an example.
7. What is metabolic control analysis? Write control equations for a xo s1 s2 x1 three step pathway. [16] 8. Explain various applications of metabolic engineering in pharmaceuticals.
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Code No: M2331/R07
Set No. 3
1. Dene isoenzymes? Explain dierential regulation by isoenzymes.
[16]
2. Briey explain the mechanism of degradation various types of recalcitrant xenobiotic compounds. [16] 3. Explain catabolite repression on secondary metabolite synthesis. 4. Write short notes on: (a) Gene dosage (b) Mixed bioconversions (c) Advantages of bioconversions.
5. Explain briey various metabolic pathway manipulations to improve fermentation. [16] 6. Write about dynamic mass balances to measure the concentrations of substrate and biomass constituents. [16] 7. Explain the advantages of writing an algorithm for a metabolic pathway synthesis, explain with an example. [16] 8. Explain briey metabolic engineering applications for carbohydrate metabolism in plants. [16]
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Code No: M2331/R07
Set No. 4
1. Explain the Jacob Monad model of induction and regulation of operon by cAMP. [16] 2. Explain the role of metabolic engineering in the prevention of accumulation of inhibitory culture byproducts. [16] 3. What are precursor eects? Briey explain the regulation of secondary metabolic pathways. [16] 4. Write short notes on:
(a) Origin of capacity to degrade xenobiotics by microorganisms (b) Use of mixed microbial populations.
5. How can one improve the yield of a desired product by both genetic and fermentation methods? [16] 6. Write short notes on: (a) energy charge
(b) optimisation of ux through a pathway.
7. (a) How ux control coecients are utilized in metabolic pathway modications. (b) Write summation theorem for ux control coecients and explain its applications. [16] 8. Role of metabolic engineering in the production of antibiotics. [16]
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Code No: M0129/R07

Code No: M0129/R07 i. Hyderabad ii. Bangalore

(b) Suggest suitable methods to control the air pollution.

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(b) Explain the health eects of oxides of sulphur.

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Z2 20 A UPF 30 A 0.5 lag

Z1=(0.03+j0.01) /phase Z2=(0.1+j0.03) /phase Z3=(0.05+j0.05) /phase

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[16] [10] [16]

[8] [8] [8] [8]

[8] [8] [8] [8]

[8] [8] [8] [8]

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Explain different file formats Explain all types of video signals.

Code No: M0828 /R07

[6] [10] [8] [8]

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Stirred cell Spiral Wound

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8. Write short notes on: a) Phagocytosis b) Cybrids c) Cryopreservation d) Monoclonal antibodies

[16] [16] [16] [16]

[16] [16] [16]

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[16] [16] [4 4 = 16]

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Explain the basic techniques in recombinant DNA technology.

5. What are the social aspects of Biotechnology.

[16] [16] [16] [16] [16]

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