Multiple Choice (4 points each) Circle the correct answer. 1.

For the cell diagram below, which reaction occurs at the anode? PtH2(g)H+(aq) Fe3+(aq),Fe2+(aq)Pt + a. 2H (aq) + 2e H2(g) b. Fe2+(aq) Fe3+(aq) + e c. 2Fe3+(aq) + H2(g) 2Fe2+(aq) + 2H+(aq) d. Fe3+(aq) + e Fe2+(aq) e. H2(g) 2H+(aq) + 2e If the standard potentials for the couples Cu2+/Cu, Ag+/Ag, and Fe2+/Fe are +0.34, +0.80, and -0.44 V, respectively, which is the strongest oxidizing agent? a. Cu2+ b. Fe2+ c. Ag+ d. Cu e. Ag Choose the incorrect statement. a. The chief tin ore is tin(IV)oxide known as cassiterite. b. The main component of pewter is tin. c. Tin is found in many bronzes. d. Tin disease can be caused by ingestion of tin found in food storage cans. e. Solder (used to make electrical connections) contains tin. The most abundant metal in the earths crust is: a. Ti b. Fe c. Cu d. Al e. none of these Write the reaction for a group 1 (1A) metal with water. a. 2 M(s) + 2 H2O O2(g) + 2 MH(s) b. 2 M(s) + 2 H2O 2 MOH(aq) + H2(g) c. M(s) + H2O MO(s) + H2(g) d. 2 M(s) + H2O M2O(s) + H2(g) e. there is no reaction Which transition metal is found in Vitamin B12? a. Co b. Fe c. Mg d. Ni e. Au

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

Name______________________ The reaction has the rate law Rate = k[A][B] . Which will cause the rate to increase the most? a. doubling [A] b. lowering temperature c. tripling [B] d. quadrupling [A] e. doubling [B]
2

8.

The reaction 2H2 + NO H2O + N2 is first order in H2 and second order in NO. The rate law is: a. k[H2]2[NO] b. k[H2][NO]2 c. k[H2] d. k[H2][NO] e. none of these What is the order of reaction for the following reaction: Rate = k[A]- [B]? a. first order b. zero order c. order d. - order e. second order The correct units of the specific rate constant for a zero order reaction are: a. L/molsec b. sec-1 c. sec d. L2/mol2sec e. none of these Which of the following does not determine the rate of a reaction? a. value of H b. activation energy c. presence of a catalyst d. temperature of reactants e. none of these Choose the incorrect statement. a. A reaction intermediate is produced and used up during the reaction. b. A transition state and a reaction intermediate are the same. c. An activated complex has partially formed bonds. d. A reaction intermediates have fully formed bonds. e. The rate-determining step is the slow-step. Which of the following lowers the activation energy of a reaction? a. adding reactants b. lowering the temperature c. removing products d. adding a catalyst e. raising the temperature

9.

10.

11.

12.

13.

3 14. Choose the incorrect statement. a. Radioactivity is the emission of ionizing radiation. b. An alpha particle is the nucleus of a helium-4 atom. c. A beta particle is a neutron. d. A positron is like a beta particle but with a positive charge. e. Gamma rays are emitted from a nucleus in an excited state. The most ionizing radiation is of what type? a. alpha b. beta c. gamma d. electron e. neutron

Name______________________

15.

16.

The type of radioactive emission with the greatest penetrating power is: a. alpha b. beta c. gamma d. positron e. neutrino
56 26

17.

Fe can be prepared by electron-capture from:

a.
56 25

Mn

b.

56 26

Fe

c.

57 27

Co

d.

56 27

Co

e.

55 25

Mn

! 18.

Emission of which one of the following leaves both atomic number and mass number unchanged? a. alpha particle !b. positron ! ! ! ! c. neutron d. gamma radiation e. beta ray Give the name for CH3CHCHCH3: a. 2-butane b. 3-butane c. 2-butene d. 3-butene e. 3-butyne Which compound below has the lowest boiling point? a. butane b. propane c. cyclopropane d. ethane e. methane

19.

20.

Name______________________ If

21.) Give the products for the following reactions. Balance the reactions. no reaction occurs, write NR.

__2_Na(s) + _1_O2(g) " # Na2O2(s) "

! __1__Cl2(g) + __2__Br (aq) " # Br2(l) + 2Cl (aq) "

! ____Fe(s) + ____ Al2O3(s) " # NR "

22.) Below is a Velocity (rate) vs. Substrate concentration for an enzyme under investigation. Refer to the graph for questions a - c. Be sure to give answer with proper units.
1.2

V (mM/min-1)

1.0 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1.0

1.2

1.4

1.6

1.8

[S] (mM)
a.) Estimate the Vmax for this enzyme: b.) Estimate the Km value for this enzyme: c.) When the substrate concentration is 1.8mM, the rate is approximately what order with respect to substrate (0, 1, 2,.)? 1.2 mM/min 0.2 mM zero

Name______________________

23.) Below is a reaction progress curve for the reaction: A + B D + E. The mechanism is proposed to proceed through an intermediate C. Answer the following questions based on this curve (3 points each). For some questions, round your answer to the nearest 25 kJ/mol
125

Potential Energy (kJ/mol)

100

75

50

C
25

D+E

A+B

Progress of reaction

a.) The activation energy for the first elementary reaction is (in kJ/mol): b.) The H for the overall reaction is (in kJ/mol): c.) Based on this proposed mechanism, the rate law for the overall reaction is: d.) The activation energy for the second elementary step is (in kJ/mol)

75 kJ/mol +25 kJ/mol k[A][B] 25 kJ/mol

24.) Write the equation describing the radioactive decay of each of the following nuclides:
214 88 68 31 210 86

Alpha emission of 214Ra Electron capture of 68Ga Positron emission from 62Cu Beta emission from 214Bi

Ra "

Rn + 4 He 2

0 Ga + "1e # 68 Zn 30 0 Cu " 62 Ni + +1# 28 214 84 0 Po + -1#

! !

62 29

214 83

Bi "

! Deuterium capture of 238U followed by Beta emission !

238 92

U + 2H " 1

240 94

0 Pu + -1#

Name______________________

25.) Below is a proposed mechanism for a chemical reaction along with the assumed relative rates. First, determine the overall balanced reaction assuming the proposed mechanism is correct. Next, determined the rate law that is expected to be observed based on this mechanism. Show work, clearly label constants, and state any assumptions. Elementary Step A + A C C + B D D + B E Overall Balanced Reaction is: 2A + 2B E Rate determining step is second elementary step: Rate = k2 [C ][ B] But C is a proposed intermediate. Cant have intermediate in rate law. Assume step 1 reaches equilibrium. ! Forward rate (k1[A]2) = reverse rate (k-1[C]) Relative Rate Fast Slow Fast

k1 [ A] = k"1 [C] k [ A] [C] = 1 k"1 Overall Rate = k2 [C ][ B] !

Overall Rate = k2 k1 2 [ A ] [ B] k"1
2

Overall Rate = k [ A] [ B]

where k =

k 2 k1 k"1

Name______________________

26.) Data for the reaction A + B C are given below. Determine the rate law for this reaction and the rate constant for this system. Experiment 1 2 3 [A], (M) [B], (M) 0.030 0.060 0.030 0.020 0.060 0.060 Initial rate, (M/s) 2.5 x 10-5 8.3 x 10-6 10.0 x 10-5

Holding A constant (Experiments 1 & 2) and changing concentration of B by 1/3 results in a 1/3 decrease change of initial rate. Therefore rate is first order with respect to B Comparing experiments 1 and 3, [A] doubles, and rate increases by a factor of 4. Therefore rate is second order with respect to A Overall rate law: Rate = k[A]2[B]

k= k=

rate 2 [A] [B] 2.5 "10#5 M/s 2 (0.030 M) (0.06 M)

k = 4.63 "10#1 M -2 $ s#1

Name______________________

27.) The first-order reaction A Products has a half-life, t1/2, of 55.0 min at 25 C and 6.8 min at 100 C. What is the activation energy for this reaction?

k=

0.693 t1/ 2

ln
!

k2 E a # 1 1 & = % " ( k1 R $ T1 T2 ' .693

6.8 = E a # 1 " 1 & % ( .693 R $ 298 373 ' 55 E 2.09 = a (6.75 )10"4 K"1 ) R 2.09(8.314 J * mol-1 * K -1 ) Ea = (6.75 )10"4 K"1) ln E a = 25.8 kJ/mol

Name______________________

28.) The following nuclear reaction is known to occur: 2 2 H " 4 He This reaction is used in the fusion 1 2 bomb or H-bomb. How many joules of energy are produced by this reaction if 33.0 g of 2H are used? You are given the following masses: proton 1.00782 amu; neutron 1.00867 amu; 2H atom 2.010410 amu; 4He atom 4.00260 amu. !

Mass of products = m(4He) = 4.00260 amu Mass of reactants = 2 x m(2H) = 2 x 2.010410 = 4.020820 amu Difference in mass = Products Reactants = 4.00260 4.020820 = -0.01822 amu

"0.01822 amu #

1.6606 #10"24 g 1kg # = "3.0256 #10"29 kg 1 amu 1000g

"E = "mc 2 "E = (#3.0256 $10#29 kg)(2.998 $10 8 m/s) "E = #2.7194 $10#12 kg % m2 % s#2 "E = #2.7194 $10#12 J/fussion reaction
mass of sample mass of one atom 33.0 g Number of 2 H atoms = 2.010410amu(1.6606 "10 -24 g/amu) Number of 2 H atoms = Number of 2 H atoms = 9.8847 "10 24
2

"E = #2.7194 $10 -12 J/fussion reaction $ "E = #1.34 $1013 J

or 1.34 x 1013 J released

fussion reaciton $ 9.8847 $10 24 2 2 $ ( H atoms)

H atoms

10 29. The voltaic cell constructed below has an Ecell = 0.250V: Ag(s)Ag+(satd. AgCl)Ag+(0.100M)Ag(s) Calculate the Ksp for AgCl(s). Reduction: Oxidation: Overall: Ag+(0.100M) + e- " Ag(s) Ag(s) " Ag+(satd. AgCl) + eAg+(0.100M) " Ag+(satd. AgCl) AgCl(s) " Ag+ + Cl Ksp = ?

Name______________________

E cell = E

o cell

[ Ag+ ]satd . 0.0592V " log n [ Ag+ ]

0.100M

0.0592V x 0.250V = 0 " log 1 0.100 x log = "4.22 0.100 x = 5.98 #10"5 0.100 x = 5.98 #10"6

K sp = [ Ag + ][Cl" ]
!

K sp = (5.98 #10"6 )(5.98 #10"6 ) K sp = 3.58 #10"11

11

Name______________________

Equations and Constants

J = CV J = kgm2s-2 amp = Cs-1 0.00C = 273.15 K NA = 6.022 x 1023 mol-1 ! F = 96,485 C R = 8.314 Jmol-1K-1 = 0.08206 Latmmol-1K-1 ! h = 6.626 x 10-34 Js kB = 1.381 x 10-23 JK-1 ! c = 2.998 x 108 ms-1 E = h ! c = ! G = -nFEcell "G = "G + RT lnQ "G = #RT lnK eq

1 1 = kt + [A] t [ A] 0
ln k2 E a # 1 1 & = % " ( k1 R $ T1 T2 '
k 2E 0 [S] K M + [S]

V=

! !
! !
! !

E cell = Ecell " ne =

0.0592 V logQ n

It F [A] t = "kt + [A] 0

ln[ A] t = "kt + ln[ A] 0

" ln2 % t 12 = $ ' # k & A = Aie" #t Activity for 14C = 15.3 cpm/g (natural abundance) 1u = 931.494 MeV 1MeV = 1.6022 x 10-13 J 1u = 1.6606 x 10-27 kg electron mass = 0.00054858 u proton mass = 1.0072765 u neutron mass = 1.0086649 u 1 Gy = J/kg 1 rad = 0.01 J/kg 1 rem = radQ

E = mc 2

1 I 1 H 1.008 3 Li 6.941 11 Na 22.99 19 K 39.10 37 Rb 85.47 55 Cs 132.9 87 Fr (223)

2 II

13 III

14 IV

15 V

16 VI

17 VII

4 Be 9.012 12 3 4 5 Mg IIIB IVB VB 24.31 20 21 22 23 Ca Sc Ti V 40.08 44.96 47.90 50.94 38 39 40 41 Sr Y Zr Nb 87.62 88.91 91.22 92.91 56 71 72 73 Ba Lu Hf Ta 137.3 175.0 178.5 180.9 88 103 104 105 Ra Lr Rf Db (226) (262) (261) (262)

6 VIB 24 Cr 52.00 42 Mo 95.94 74 W 183.9 106 Sg (266)

7 8 9 10 VIIB VIIIB VIIIB VIIIB 25 Mn 54.94 43 Tc (98) 75 Re 186.2 107 Bh (264) 26 Fe 55.85 44 Ru 101.1 76 Os 190.2 108 Hs (277) 27 Co 58.93 45 Rh 102.9 77 Ir 192.2 109 Mt (268) 28 Ni 58.70 46 Pd 106.4 78 Pt 195.1 110 Ds (281)

11 IB 29 Cu 63.55 47 Ag 107.9 79 Au 197.0 111 Rg (272)

12 IIB 30 Zn 65.38 48 Cd 112.4 80 Hg 200.6 112 Cp (285)

5 B 10.81 13 Al 26.98 31 Ga 69.72 49 In 114.8 81 Tl 204.4 113 Uut (284)

6 C 12.01 14 Si 28.09 32 Ge 72.59 50 Sn 118.7 82 Pb 207.2 114 Uuq (289)

7 N 14.01 15 P 30.97 33 As 74.92 51 Sb 121.8 83 Bi 209.0 115 Uup (288)

8 O 16.00 16 S 32.06 34 Se 78.96 52 Te 127.6 84 Po (209) 116 Uuh (293)

9 F 19.00 17 Cl 35.45 35 Br 79.90 53 I 126.9 85 At (210) 117 Uus (293)

18 VIII 2 He 4.003 10 Ne 20.18 18 Ar 39.95 36 Kr 83.80 54 Xe 131.3 86 Rn (222) 118 Uuo (294)

Lanthanide series 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 La Ce Pr Nd Pm Sm Eu Gd Tb Dy Ho Er Tm Yb 138.9 140.1 140.9 144.2 (145) 150.4 152.0 157.3 158.9 162.5 164.9 167.3 168.9 173.0 Actinide series 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 Ac Th Pa U Np Pu Am Cm Bk Cf Es Fm Md No (227) 232.0 (231) 238.0 (237) (244) (243) (247) (247) (251) (252) (257) (258) (259)