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What is Computer?
Computer Computer is Electronic Machine that is used to: is Electronic Machine that is used to:
-- Execute Processing Execute Processing [. . [. . Processing Processing
-- Store Data Store Data ,. ,. Data Data
-- Organize Data Organize Data [.[.. [.[.. Data Data
-- Find Information Find Information : . .. : . ..
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-- Find Information Find Information : . .. : . ..
-- Do Calculations Do Calculations .. .. .. ..
-- Translate the Processing Translate the Processing :[ . . :[ . .
-- Control other machines Control other machines [. .. ..... ..,. [. .. ..... ..,.
-- And more usages And more usages . .j.[ [..,...j. . .j.[ [..,...j.
Computers Environment Computers Environment
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Computers Family
1- Micro-Computer is a small computer that contains the Microprocessor Chip
.[... . . :... Microprocessor chip
- Desktop Computer \ Personal Computer
- Laptop Computer \ Notebook Computer
- Pocket PC \ Hand-Held PC \ PDA(Personal Digital Assistant)
2- Mini-Computer is a computer that is smaller and slower than a Mainframe
but larger and faster than a Micro-Computer= .[... . . :... .....
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but larger and faster than a Micro-Computer= .[... . . :... .....
Mainframe : ..j.. Micro-Computer
3- Mainframe Computer is a large powerful computer, usually the center of
network and shared by many users around the world
. . . :....j.. .. .... .network
.[ :........[[........
4- Super Computer is a powerful computer with a large amount of memory and
a very fast CPU . . . :....j.. .........j...j ..
Micro and Mini Computer Micro and Mini Computer
Desktop Computer / PC Laptop Computer / NC
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Mini-Computer
-Pocket PC
-Hand-Held PC
-PDA
Mainframe and Super Mainframe and Super
Computer Computer
Mainframe Computer
...[....[..
Super Computer
.[[.[....
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Computer Software
Software is the set of Instructions that directs the hardware
to accomplish a task, it can be called Program.. set of
Instructions :... ... . ...... . hardware
1- Operating System Software
Microsoft (MS-DOS, Wins 9X, Wins NT, Wins ME, Wins
2K, Windows XP, Windows Vista, Windows 7)
Linux (Red Hat, Fedora Core 10-11-12)
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Linux (Red Hat, Fedora Core 10-11-12)
Apple (Mac OS, Mac OS X)
2- Application Software
Microsoft Office 2007 Enterprise
TuneUp Utilities 2009 etc
3- Firmware
Student Registration
Market Management etc.
Computer Hardware
Hardware is the physical components of computer which we can touch
and hold it ... . . . :... .... . .
Mainboard \ Motherboard (Built-In, Built-Out)
Monitor (CRT, LCD)
Keyboard
- Escape Keypad - Function Keypad
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- Escape Keypad - Function Keypad
- Numeric Keypad - Cursor Movement Keypad
- Main Keypad
Memory Chips (RAM: SDRAM - DDRRAM)
Hard Drive (HDD, FDD, Zip, Memory Card , USB Flashetc)
Mouse (Rolling-Ball, Optical, Wireless)
Expansion Cards (Sound Card, VGA Cardetc)
Hardware _ Input Devices
Input Devices include
- Keyboard
- Mouse
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- Mouse
- Joy Stick
- Scanner
- Touch Screen
- Light Pen
- Bar Code Reader
- Microphone System etc
Keyboard Device
Touch Screen
Hardware Hardware __ Input Input Devices Devices
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Mouse Device
Scanner Device
Hardware Hardware __ Input Input Devices Devices
Microphone
Light Pen
Bar Code Reader
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Joy Stick
Microphone Bar Code Reader
Output Devices include :
- Monitor
- Speaker
Hardware Hardware __ Output Output
Devices Devices
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- Speaker
- Printer
- Plotter
- LCD Projector
- COM (Computer Output Microfilm) etc
Printer Plotter
Hardware Hardware __ Output Output
Devices Devices
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Widescreen LCD LCD Projector
Hardware Hardware __Output Output
Devices Devices
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Computer Processing
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System board / Circuit board:
- CMOS (Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor)
- BIOS (Basic Input / Output System)
Temporary Memory: RAM (Random Access Memory)
Permanent Storage:
- Floppy Disk - USB Flash Memory
- Hard Disk - Zip Disk
Hardware Inside System Unit
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- Hard Disk - Zip Disk
- CD-ROM - Mobile Phone etc.
Data Cable:
- FDD (Floppy Disk Drive)
- IDE (Integrated Drive Electronics)
- SATA (Serial Advanced Technology Attachment)
- SCSI (Small Computer System Interface)
Power Supply: AT and ATX
Hardware Inside SystemUnit
Power Supply
CD_ROM drive
Floppy Disk Drive
CPU Fan
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Hard Disk Drive
Data Cables
Expansion Cards
Circuit Board
Computers Ports
Ports is the physical connectors that allow a cable from a peripheral device
to be attached . physical :... . ... ..:.... attach .
device ..,.
Parallel Port / Printer Port = 25 pins
PS/2 Port = 6 pins
Serial Port = 9 pins
Game Port / Midi Port = 15 pins
USB Port v.2.0 (Universal Serial Bus)
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USB Port v.2.0 (Universal Serial Bus)
Network Port / LAN Port = 8 pins (RJ45)
Modem Port = 4 pins (RJ48)
Sound Port / Audio Port (Input-Output-Microphone)
VGA Port (Video Graphic Adapter) = 15 pins
IDE Port (Integrated Drive Electronics) = 39 pins
FDD Port (Floppy Disk Drive) = 34 pins
ATX Port = 20 pins or 24 pins
CPU Sockets (Central Processing Unit)
Computers Ports
Power In / Plug In
PS/2 Keyboard
Power Supply Fan
PS/2 Mouse
USB Ports
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USB Ports
Serial Port
Parallel Port
LAN Port / Network Port
Game Port / MIDI Port
VGA Port
Audio Port / Sound Port
Computers Computers Ports Ports
Power in
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Power Supply Fan
PS/2 Port
Computers Computers Ports Ports
USB Ports Case Fan
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LAN Port
Audio Ports
Game Port
Computers Computers Ports Ports
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VGA Port
Computers Ports
USB Ports
Parallel Port
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Serial Port
PS/2 Ports
Computers Slots
Slot is the long, thin, narrow(....) opening hole which stands on the
system board
1- RAM Slot (Random Access Memory)
2- Expansion Slot is the connector inside a computer which an
expansion card can be plugged(... )
- PCI Slot (Peripheral Component Interconnect) uses to install
expansion cards as:
- Network Card - TV Card - USB Card etc
- Modem Card - PCI Card
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- Network Card - TV Card - USB Card etc
- Modem Card - PCI Card
- Sound Card - VGA Card
- AGP Slot (Accelerated Graphics Port) uses with VGA Card only
- ISA Slot (Industry Standard Architecture) uses to install the
oldest version of expansion cards
Expansions Slots
ISA Slot
PCI Slot
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PCI Slot
AGP Slot
Modem Card
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Network Interface Network Interface Card Card
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VGA Card / Graphic Card VGA Card / Graphic Card
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Sound Sound Card / Audio Card Card / Audio Card
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Internal TV Internal TV Card Card
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TV TV--BOX Device BOX Device
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