Operating System Timeline R.

Craig Collins, 2005/9

Milestones in computing 2500 BC: Abacus, a counting and simple math device (mechanical, not digital, single task, no storage) 150 BC: Antikythera mechanism, a geared device that could have been used in calculating time or triggering events (mechanical, not digital, single task, no storage) 1642: Pascaline, a mechanical adding machine (the Pascal Programming Language is named after Blaise Pascal) (mechanical, not digital, single task, no storage)

1671: Leibniz Wheel, an improvement of the Pascaline type machine that could multiply divide, and derive square roots. (Gottfried Wilhelm Von Leibniz) (mechanical, not digital, single task, no storage)

1801, Jacquard Loom, a programmable device which used punch cards to store designs that could be woven

(mechanical, not digital, programmable, punch card storage) 1837, Babbage engine, a programmable, mechanical computer; Lady Ada Lovelace, duaghter of Lord Byron, wrote the first program for the engine (Tha ADA programming language is named after Lady Ada Lovelace)

(mechanical, not digital, programmable, punch card storage) 1880s, Herman Hollerith completes the US Census using machine readible storage, punch cards. The Hollerith company became the core of IBM. 1936, Alan Turing, the father of modern computing, described algorythms and computation with the Turing machine

1930s-1940s, ABC (AtanasoffBerry Computer ),

a single purpose (not programmable), electronic, digital computer WWII, Colossus (on the right) was used to break the codes created by the Nazis using Enigma (on the left)

(electronic, digital, slightly programmable, not capable of stored programs) 1945-1948 John von Neumann pioneers stored programs, allowing what we would call 'computers,' such as Eniac, Manchester Mk 1, etc., which often used vacuum

tubes for storage

Modern Computers, focusing on those that used an OPERATING SYSTEM (OS) UNIX related OS related OS Apple related OS Microsoft related OS IBM

1950s 1956 GM-NAA I/O for IMB 704 GM-NAA I/O was formed of shared routines that provided common access to the input/output devices, and allowed a new program to start when one had finished 1960s 1960 IBSYS tape based OS for IBM 709x computers to control flow of programs on punch cards 1964 OS/360 for 360/System mainframes, which required direct access storage devices 1969 UNIX born at Bell labs, later refined especially at UC Berkeley, capable of running of different kinds computers(portable)

1970s 1972 MTOS Magnetic Tape Operating System used for CTC Datapoint CTC Datapoint patent, first command line 'PC', leads to Intel producing CPUs CTC 1201 released as intellectual property to Intel, renamed 8008

1973 Alto OS, for Xerox Alto Developed at Palo Alto Research Center (PARC) First PC with GUI, laser printer, mouse; had a basic network system

Modern Command Line Interface 1974-76 BASIC and CP/M used for Altair 8800

Intel 8080 chip released, using suggestions from Datapoint MITS Altair 8800, using Intel 8080, first PC available to public (as a kit)

1976 Apple Basic Apple I kit computer

1977-8 Apple DOS 3.1 (first true Apple OS), first mass produced PC (and color graphics), Apple II

VMS

1980s 1980 OS-9 QDOS (Based on CP/M) Xenix 1981 MS-DOS (Based on QDOS) IBM PC, first Brand name PC, using Intel 8088 CPU

1982 Commodore DOS SunOS (1.0) Modern Graphical User Interfaces, and expanding the high end command line to personal computers 1983 Lisa OS Novell NetWare 1984 Macintosh OS (System 1.0) MAC (Meaningless Acronym Computer or Mouse Activated Computer)

1985 AmigaOS Atari TOS Microsoft Windows 1.0 (First Windows)

1986 AIX HP-UX 1987 OS/2 (1.0) Text Only Microsoft Windows 2.0 1988 OS/400 OS/2 (1.1)

1989 NeXTSTEP (1.0 Co. owned by Steve Jobs) SCO Unix (release 3) 1990s 1990 BeOS (Non-Apple OS for Mac) Windows 3.0 1991 Linux 1992 386BSD 0.1 Solaris 2.0 (Successor to SunOS 4.x; based on SVR4 instead of BSD) Windows 3.1

1993 FreeBSD NetBSD Windows NT 3.1 (First version of NT, WNT followed VMS) The Internet Age goes mainstream 1995 Digital UNIX (aka Tru64 ) OpenBSD Windows 95 1996 Windows NT 4.0 1997 Mac OS 7.6 (First officially-named Mac OS) 1998 Solaris 7 (First 64-bit Solaris release. Names from this point drop "2.", otherwise would've been Solaris 2.7) Windows 98 1999 Mac OS 8

2000s 2000 Mac OS 9 Windows 2000 Windows Me Welcome to the 21st Century, and high end PCs 2001 Mac OS X 10.1 (UNIX kernal for Mac Computers, based on NeXTSTEP) Windows XP