Section 3 This section contains 27 questions.

ENGLISH The time allotted is 25 minutes.

The following section contains three types of questions: Sentence Completion, Restatement
and Reading Comprehension. Each question is followed by four possible responses. Choose
the response which best answers the question and mark its number in the appropriate
place on the answer sheet.

Sentence Completions (Questions 1-11)

This part consists of sentences with a word or words missing in each. For each
question, choose the answer which best completes the sentence.

1. _ _ progress is made in the negotiations between management and workers, the

railroad strike is not likely to end in the near future.

(1) Since (2) When (3) -'Unless (4) After

, 2. Dairy farmers have increased the _ _ of the milking process by using improved
equipment.
. i4"^

(1)efficiency (2) resistance (3) presentation (4) comprehension

3. Most of the vinegar sold in Israel is ___ from citrus fruit; in the United States,
however, vinegar is usually made from grain.

(1) extracted (2) anticipated (3) exhibited (4) obliged

4. The Chinese began to raise silkworms and weave silk more than 4,000 years
ago.
(1) currency (2)fabric (3) dye (4) fuel

5. It is thought that the Himalayas, the Alps and the Caucasus Mountains were once part of a
single, _ mountain range.

(1) grammatical (2) backward (3) desperate (4) continuous

6. Dian Fossey's _ _ with gorillas led her to Rwanda, where she spent long periods of time
observing these animals in their natural habitat.

(1) fascination (2) coordination (3) inhibition (4) distribution

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7. Children who do not view their parents as successful individuals may _____
confidence in their own ability to succeed.

(1) lend (2) devise (3) lack (4) promote

8. Despite its name, Iceland enjoys relatively __ winters.

(1)mild (2) huge (3) pure (4) bald

9. Wooden houses are common in New England because __ is plentiful and

inexpensive there. \

(1) slander (2) courtesy (3) lumber (4) poultry

10. The knowledge that they may be photographed by cameras __ many motorists from committing
various traffic violations.

(1) pardons (2) deters (3) revises (4) ejects

11. The legal system of Scotland differs __ from the legal system of England and Wales even
though all three countries are united under one government - that of Great Britain.

(1) spontaneously (2) diplomatically (3)considerably (4) independently

Restatements (Questions 12-17)

This part consists of several sentences, each followed by four possible ways of restating the main idea of
that sentence in different words. For each question, choose the one restatement which best expresses
the meaning of the original sentence.

12. The United States economy will probably remain strong for many years to come.

(1) In order to remain strong, the United States will probably have to make changes in its
economy.
(2) The United States economy will be stronger in the future than it is today.
(3) Never before has the United States economy been as strong as it is now.
(4) lt is likely that in the future the economy of the United States will continue be strong.

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 13. English furniture makers of the eighteenth century, particularly those active in London, possessed
extraordinary technical skills.

(1) In the eighteenth century, many of the most talented furniture makers in
England moved to London in order to improve their technical skills
(2) It is amazing how many skillful furniture makers there were in London during
the eighteenth century
(3) It was mainly those furniture makers who worked in eighteenth-century
London who made important technical advances in their field.
(4)The technical skills of eighteenth-century English furniture makers, especially those who
worked in London, were outstanding.

14. In A Travers Chants, composer Hector Berlioz for the most part abandoned the,. satire of which he
was so fond and concentrated on serious musical issues.

(1) It is clear that A Travers Chants, which is considered a serious piece of music,
was written by composer Hector Berlioz and not by a satirist. r
(2) Although composer Hector Berlioz loved satire, he hardly used it in A Travers
Chants and focused instead on serious musical issues.
(3) A Travers Chants, an important musical piece written by Hector Berlioz,
reveals the composer's great love of satire.
(4) When composer Hector Berlioz wrote A Travers' Chants he was criticized for using too
much satire instead of concentrating on serious musical issues.

15. .In flagrant violation of both Congolese law and the international treaty banning trade in ivory,
poachers slaughtered more than 200 elephants in the forests of the Congo this past summer.

(1) Last summer more than 200 elephants were killed in the forests of the Congo
poachers who flagrantly violated the country's laws as well as the _ international
treaty that forbids trade in ivory.
(2) The international treaty banning trade in ivory has been blatantly ignored by \ the Congo,
where no laws regulating this trade exist and where poachers
slaughtered more than 200 elephants last summer.
(3) After poachers killed more than 200 elephants last summer in the forests of the Congo, the
country's government passed a law in accordance with the international treaty forbidding
trade in ivory.
(4) The poachers who slaughtered over 200 elephants in the Congo last summer will be severely
punished in accordance with Congolese law and with the international treaty banning trade in
ivory.

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16. Updating existing entries in an encyclopedia is as important an aspect of revision as
introducing new entries.

(1)When revising an encyclopedia, it is as important to bring old entries up to date

as it is to add new ones.
(2) It is important to realize that a new edition of an encyclopedia is usually just a
revised version of an old one.
(3) It is important to keep old editions of an encyclopedia even after revised
versions have been published.
(4) The old entries in an encyclopedia should be updated whenever new entries are
added.

17. China's arable land is also its most densely inhabited land.

(1) Only a fraction of China's land is uninhabited.

(2) It is the areas in China which are suitable for growing crops that have the
highest concentration of people.
(3) Most of China's population lives in or near large urban centers.
(4) Because the population of China is so large, even the country's desert regions are
inhabited.

Reading Comprehension
This part consists of two passages, each followed by several related questions. For each
question, choose the most appropriate answer based on the text.
Text I (Questions 18-22)

(1)In most countries, there is one food that forms the basis of the local diet This
food may be a grain, such as wheat, corn or rice, but in many parts of the
world it is the potato. The potato originated in Peru. It was an important source
of nutrition there because it could grow in the mountains, where few other food
(5)crops could be cultivated

When the potato was introduced into Europe from South America in the late
1500s, it was at first viewed with suspicion. Because the potato belongs to the
nightshade family , which includes some poisonous plants, many people thought
that the potato, too, was poisonous. The Scots rejected the potato as an unholy
(10) food because it was not mentioned in the Bible. The Russians rejected it because
their word for potato sounded like a word for immoral practices. It was not until the
eighteenth century that the potato became popular in Europe . The addition of
the potato to people’s diets caused such an improvement in nutrition that a massive
increase in population resulted.

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(15)

In Ireland in particular, the potato quickly gained wide_acceptance. Potatoes

grew well in the Irish climate and could be cooked in many different ways. The
Irish became so dependent on the potato that, when the crop failed in the middle

of the nineteenth century, the result was widespread famine. One million people
starved to death. Hunger and desperation forced another million to emigrate from
(20) Ireland to North America.

18. According to the first paragraph, potatoes were an important food in Peru

(1) along with other foods, such as wheat, corn and rice
(2) Because they grew in places where other foods could not be grown
(3) despite the fact that they could be grown only in hilly areas
(4) because they could be cooked in many different ways

19. In the second paragraph, the author gives examples of -

(1) methods of growing potatoes

(2)attitudes towards the potato
(3) countries where the potato was accepted
(4) popular foods in addition to the potato

20. According to the second paragraph, in the eighteenth century -

(1) potatoes were brought to Europe from Peru

(2) Europeans began to learn how to grow potatoes ..
(3) Europeans rejected the potato as unholy
(4) the: potato became a widely accepted food in Europe

21. According to the third paragraph, the Irish became so dependent on potatoes
that-

(1) they did not want to grow other crops

(2) there were never enough to feed the whole population
(3)many people died of hunger when potatoes were not available
(4) they were forced to buy them from other countries

22. A good title for the text would be -

(1)from South America to Europe: The Story of the Potato

(2) The Nightshade Family: Poisonous or Nutritious?
(3) Wheat, Corn, Rice or Potatoes: The Basis of Every Diet
(4) The Potato: The Reason for Irish Emigration

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(14H-EN3591) (14H-EN3591)

Text II (Questions 23-27)

(i) Nineteenth-century neurology was dominated by two opposing schools of
thought. Early in the century, the Austrian neuro-anatomist Franz Gall and his
followers claimed that personality traits were controlled by specific regions of the
brain. They believed that the bumps on a person's head corresponded to particular
(5) areas_of the_brain, and that examining them could reveal talents and psychological
characteristics. While Gall was respected by many scientists, he was ridiculed by
the leading neurologist of the day, M. J. P. Flourens, who had performed
experiments on birds’ brams . Flourens believed that he had conclusively
demonstrated that activities,such as walking and flying were not dependent on any
(10) particular region of the brain. The brain functions as a whole, he argued, and it is
impossible to predict the specific effects of damage done to its various parts.

Flourens' "holistic" approach was first seriously challenged in 1861 by the

French neuro-anatomist Paul Broca. He demonstrated that damage to a specific
region on the left side of the brain resulted in severe language problems, such as
(15) the inability to speak coherently. Subsequently, the German neurologist Carl
Wernicke found another region on the left side of the brain that apparently
controlled other aspects of language, including the ability to understand speech.
Based on his research, Wernicke inferred that the region of the brain studied by
Broca was_ sornehow responsible for translating thoughts formed in the brain into
(20) speech by controlling the mechanical movements of the vocal cords, the tongue
and the mouth. Later research showed that the concept of "localization" could be
applied to the study of other neurological disorders in addition to those involving
language.

Despite these developments, during the early years of the twentieth century,
(25) proponents of the holistic approach to neurology dominated the field, and the belief
that different abilities are controlled by different regions of the brain
became increasingly unpopulal, This state of affairs persisted until the 1960s,
when American neurologist Norman Geschwind published research supporting
previous arguments for localization.

Questions
23. The main purpose of the text is to -

(1)explain how different regions of the brain control different abilities

(2)present the history of two different theories about the way the brain functions
(3) compare the methods used in 19th- and 20th-century neurological research
(4) describe the work of the 20th century's most famous neurologists,

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24. According to the first paragraph, Franz Gall thought that the bumps on people's heads -

(1) are not as important to neurology as the different parts of the brain are

(2) can reveal places where the brain has been damaged
(3) are proof that activities such as walking are controlled by the entire brain (4)indicate regions of
the brain that control different personality traits

25. It can be inferred that Flourens believed that his experiments on birds' brains ,
could be used to -

(1)prove that Gall's ideas about the brain were wrong

(2) predict the effects of damage to different areas of the brain
(3) locate the specific areas of the brain that control walking and flying
(4) show how the brain controls different psychological characteristics

26. How was Weraicke's work related to Broca's?

(1) Wernicke demonstrated that language is not controlled by the brain region
discovered by Broca
(2) Wernicke accepted the ideas of the holistic school because he was convinced by
Broca's work.
(3) Wernicke described in greater detail the function of the brain region studied
by Broca.
(4) Wernicke criticized Broca for not studying the mechanical aspects of speech.

27. At the beginning of the twentieth century, most neurologists would probably have agreed with -

(1)Flourens
(2) Gall
(3) Broca
(4) Wernicke

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This page was created using BCL ALLPDF demo software.
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This page was created using BCL ALLPDF demo software.
To purchase, go to http://www.bcltechnologies.com/allpdf/
This page was created using BCL ALLPDF demo software.
To purchase, go to http://www.bcltechnologies.com/allpdf/
This page was created using BCL ALLPDF demo software.
To purchase, go to http://www.bcltechnologies.com/allpdf/
This page was created using BCL ALLPDF demo software.
To purchase, go to http://www.bcltechnologies.com/allpdf/
This page was created using BCL ALLPDF demo software.
To purchase, go to http://www.bcltechnologies.com/allpdf/
This page was created using BCL ALLPDF demo software.
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