Introduction of Matlab

TWO DAY WORKSHOP ON ENGINEERING
APPLICATIONS USING MATLAB

Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering
Aarupadai Veedu Institute of Technology-paiyanoor
Vinayaka Missions University
Presented by
M.Venkateshkumar, M.E.,(Ph.D)
Asst Prof (GI)
Dept of EEE
AVIT
Engineering Application using

Matlab
6/9/2011
M.Venkateshkumar,M.E.,(Ph.D)
Contents
Introduction to Matlab
M-file
Simulink
Simpower System toolbox
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Introduction to Matlab
What is Matlab?
MATrix LABoratory
Powerful, extensible, highly integrated
computation, programming, visualization, and
simulation package
Widely used in engineering, mathematics, and
science
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This allows quick solutions to problems that

can be formulated in vector or matrix form
Powerful GUI tools
Large collection of toolboxes: collections of
topic-related MATLAB functions that extend
the core functionality significantly
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MATLAB system
Language: arrays and matrices, control flow, I/O,
data structures, user-defined functions and scripts
Working
Environment:
editing,
variable
management, importing and exporting data,
debugging, profiling
Graphics system: 2D and 3D data visualization,
animation and custom GUI development
Mathematical Functions: basic (sum, sin,) to
advanced (fft, inv, Bessel functions, )
API: can use MATLAB with C, Fortran, and Java, in
either direction
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Matlab screen
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Editor window
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Command Window
Type commands
Current Directory
View folders and m-files
Workspace
View program variables
Double click on a variable to see it in the
Array Editor
Command History
View past commands
Save a whole session using diary
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M-File
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Operators (arithmetic)
+ ----> addition
- ----> subtraction
* ---> multiplication
/ ---> division
^ ---> power
---> complex conjugate transpose
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M-files
Addition
>> a =10;
>> b =20;
>> c = a+b (press enter)
Ans 30.
Subtraction
>>D= a-b;
Ans -10.
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Multiplication
>> a =10;
>> b =20;
>> E= a*b
Ans 200.
Divided
>>F= a/b;
Ans 0.5.
Multi operation
>> g= (a+b)/(a*b)
g=
0.1500
12
Complex Number
a+ib
>> 5+10i
ans =
5.0000 +10.0000i
Multiplication
>> d = a*b
d=
-40.0000 +45.0000i
Addition
>> a =5+10i;
>> b =2+5i;
>> c = a+b
c=
7.0000 +15.0000i
Division
>> e = a/b
e=
2.0690 - 0.1724i
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>> format long

>> a = 5 + (10/3)+ 2^3
a=
16.333333333333336
--------------------------------->> format short
>> a = 5 + (10/3)+ 2^3
a=
16.3333
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>> format short e

>> a = 5 + (10/3)+ 2^3
a=
1.6333e+001
-------------------------------->> format rat
>> a = 5 + (10/3)+ 2^3
a=
49/3
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Square root
command----->sqrt(x)
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>> sqrt(4)
ans =
2
>> sqrt(16)
ans =
4
>> sqrt(625)
ans =
25
>> sqrt(12345)
ans =
111.1081 M.Venkateshkumar,M.E.,(Ph.D)
15
Matrix operation
>> a = [1 2; 3 4]
a=
1
3
Addittion
>> c = a+b
c=
2
4
6 8
10 12
>> b = [5 6;7 8]
Subtraction
>>d = a-b
b=
d=
5
7
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8
-4 -4
-4 -4
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Matrix Multiplication
>> f = a*b
f=
19 22
43 50
Matrix Division
>> e = a/b
e=
3.0000 -2.0000
2.0000 -1.0000
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Matrix Transpose ()
3x3 matrix
>> a = [1 2 3; 4 5 6; 7 8 9]
a=
1
4
7
2
5
8
3
6
9
a transpose
>> b = a'
b=
1
2
3
4
5
6
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8
9
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Determinants
Command = det(a)
>> a = [1 2; 3 4]
a=
1
2
3
4
>> b= det(a)
b=
-2
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Inverse Matrix
Syntax inv(a)
>> a = [ 1 2 ; 3 4]
a=
1 2
3 4
>> inv(a)
ans =
-2.0000 1.0000
1.5000 -0.5000
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Array
Vector a:
>> a = [1 2 3 4]
a=
Vector b:
>> b = [ 5 7 8 9]
Find length
>> a = [ 1 2 3 4]
a=
1
2
3 4
>> length(a)
ans =
4
b=
5
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Graph
Syntax
Syntax ------> plot(x,y)
Syntax ------> plot(x,y), xlabel(a),ylabel(b)
Syntax ------> plot(x,y), xlabel(a),ylabel(b),title(c)
Syntax ------> plot(x,y) , grid on
Syntax------> plot(x,y), legend( a , b )
Syntax------> bar(x,y)
Syntax -----> polar(x,y)
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Graph
1
Command--->plot(x)
Sin wave
[start:interval:end]
>> a = [1:1:100];
>> b = sin(a);
>> plot(b)
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0
-0.2
-0.4
-0.6
-0.8
-1
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10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
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Graph
>> x = [ 0:0.1:10];
>> y = cos(x);
>> plot(x,y)
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command---->plot(x , y), xlabel(a), ylabel ( b )
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Command --->plot(x , y), xlabel(a),ylabel (b),title(c)
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Grid on
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Bar Graph
command ----->bar(a,b)
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Polar Graph
command---->polar( a ,b )
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Color line coding
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Color
Specifier
White
Black
Blue
Red
Cyan
Green
Magenta
Yellow
y
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Examples
>> x = [-5:0.01:5];
>> y = sin(x);
>> z = cos(x);
>> plot(x,y,'b',x,z,'r')
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Log sheet
command-----> loglog(x)
>> a = [1:1:10];
>> b = [1:2;20];
>> b = [1:2:20];
>> loglog ( a,b), grid on
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Mesh grid
command ----> mesh(x,y,z)
>> a = [1 2 3; 3 2 4; 5 6 7];
>> b = [ 2 4 5; 6 4 5; 7 8 8];
>> c = [ 1 4 6; 2 4 6; 0 9 7];
>> mesh(a,b,c)
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Algebraic Equation
Command ----> solve(x)
Problem : 1
solve ( eq 1 , eq 2)
>> a = solve('5*x+4*y=3','x-6*y');
>> x = a.x
x=
9/17
>> y = a.y
y=
3/34
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Problem 2
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>> eq1 = 'w+x+4*y+3*z=5';

>> eq2 = '2*w+3*x+y-2*z=1';
>> eq3 = 'w+2*x-5*y+4*z=3';
>> eq4 = 'w-3*z=9';
>> s = solve(eq1,eq2,eq3,eq4);
>> w = s.w
w=
1404/127
>> x = s.x
x=
-818/127
>> y = s.y
y=
-53/127
>> z = s.z
z=
87/127
35
Expanding and Collecting Equations

Expanding command -------> expand(x)
>> syms x
>> syms y
>> expand (sin(x-y))
ans =
cos(y)*sin(x) - cos(x)*sin(y)
Where
Syntax-----> syms
Shortcut for constructing symbolic objects
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Collecting
Collect command -----> collect(x)
>> syms x
>> collect (x*(x^2-2))
ans =
x^3 - 2*x
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Differential Equations
Command -----------> diff(x)
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Problem
>> syms x
>> a = 3*x^3+4*x^2+7*x+5;
>> diff(a)
ans =
9*x^2 + 8*x + 7
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------->> % Show that f(x) = x^2 satisfies -(df/dx)+2*x=0
>> syms x
>> f = x^2;
>> g = 2*x;
>> h = diff(f);
>> -h+g
ans =
0
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Integration
Command -----------> int(f)
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Problem
compute int(x^5cos(9x)dx
>> syms x
>> f = x^5*cos(9*x);
>> F= int(f)
F=
(40*cos(9*x))/177147 + (40*x*sin(9*x))/19683 - (20*x^2*cos(9*x))/2187 +
(5*x^4*cos(9*x))/81 - (20*x^3*sin(9*x))/729 + (x^5*sin(9*x))/9
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Problem 2
>> %find int(xdx) limit [2,3]
>> syms x
>> int('x',2,3)
ans =
5/2
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Problem 3
what is the area under the curve f(x) = x^2cosx for -6<=x<=6?
>> syms x
>> f = x^2*cos(x)
>> a = int(f, -6,6)
a = 24*cos(6) + 68*sin(6)
>> double (a)
ans = 4.0438
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Problem 4
%calculate int(e^-x^2 sinx dx for -inf<=x<=0
>> syms x
>> f = int(exp(-x^2) * sin(x), 0, inf)
f=
-(pi^(1/2)*erf(i/2)*i)/(2*exp(1/4))
>> double(f)
ans =
0.4244
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Transforms
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Laplace
command -----> laplace (x)
>> syms a t
>> laplace (a)
ans =
1/s^2
-------------------->> laplace(t^2)
ans =
2/s^3
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>> laplace(t^7)
ans =
5040/s^8
------------------>> laplace(t^5)
ans =
120/s^6
46
>> syms b t w
>> laplace(exp(-b*t))
ans =
1/(b + s)
----------------------------->> laplace(cos(w*t))
ans =
s/(s^2 + w^2)
-------------------------------
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>> laplace (sin(w*t))

ans =
w/(s^2 + w^2)
--------------------------------------->> f = 5+exp(-2*t)
>> laplace(f)
ans = 1/(s + 2) + 5/s
47
Inverse Laplace Transform

command -----> ilaplace
>> syms s
>> ilaplace (1/s^3)
ans =
t^2/2
-------------------------------->> syms w s
>> ilaplace (2/(w+s))
ans =
2/exp(t*w)
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>> ilaplace (s/(s^2+4))

ans =
cos(2*t)
------------------------------->> F = (5-3*s)/(2+5*s);
>> ilaplace(F)
ans =
31/(25*exp((2*t)/5)) (3*dirac(t))/5
48
Fourier Transforms
command--------> fourier(x)
>> syms x
>> fourier (sin(x))
ans =
-pi*(dirac(w - 1) - dirac(w + 1))*I
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------->> f = exp(-2*x^2);
>> fourier(f)
ans =
(2^(1/2)*pi^(1/2))/(2*exp(w^2/8))
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Inverse Fourier Transform

>> syms w
>> f = ifourier (-2*exp(-abs(w)))
f=
-2/(pi*(x^2 + 1))
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Waveform
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Simulink
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Introduction to Simulink
Simulink is a platform for multi-domain simulation and
Model- Based design of dynamic systems and embedded
systems
Simulink can be used to design, simulate, implement and

test communications, control, single processing and other
time varying system
Simulation also provides a simulation environment for
analysis, refinement and validation of the design
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Engineering Applications - Simulink
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Starting Simulink
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The Simulink Library Browser
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Press
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Launching simulink
59
Simulink Tool
Blocks
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Constant Value
Input of the system
In1
Constant
1
Out1
Addition Block
output of the system
Add
t
Display the value
sinwave
Sine Wave
Function
Display
display the wave form

Scope
subtract Block
Subtract
Multiplication
Product
division Block
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Divide
61
random number generation

linearly variable
Ramp
Random
Number
ground
dumux
Ground
sum of all element
mux
Sum of
Elements
clock
create matrix
Clock
1
2
gain
Matrix
Concatenate
Gain
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create algebraic equation
f(u)
1
s
Fcn
integrator
Integrator
code generation
fcn
two diemensional
MATLAB Function
XY Graph
pulse generation
Re
Im
Pulse
Generator
complex number
Complex to
Real-Imag
power graphical user interface
Continuous
powergui
In1
Out1
sub system creater
Subsystem
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Defining Block Parameter
Double click
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Double click
65
Running simulation
Press the run key
Double click to
view the Result
waveform
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Result
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Complex Number
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Track the
system
block and
create
the subsystem
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Create Subsystem
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Matrix
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Matrix Addition
Matrix subtraction
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Matrix Addition
Matrix subtraction
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Creating Simple Circuit Model
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Example
Continuous
powergui
Scope
Scope1
b
c
b2
c2
Bb
Cc
a2
Aa
Three-Phase
Three-Phase
Three-Phase
Three-Phase
Parallel RLC
Load1
Parallel RLC Load6 Parallel RLC Load7 Parallel RLC Load8
c2
IM
b2
Bb
Cc
B2
A
a2
Aa
Three-Phase Transformer
Inductance Matrix Type
(Two Windings)1
IM
Three-Phase
Three-Phase
Three-Phase
Parallel RLC Load2 Parallel RLC Load3 Parallel RLC Load4
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Three-Phase
V-I Measurement1
Distributed Parameters Line
Three-Phase Transformer
Inductance Matrix Type
(Two Windings)
B1
Three-Phase Source1
Iabc
Three-Phase
V-I Measurement
Three-Phase Source
Vabc
Iabc
Vabc
Three-Phase
Parallel RLC Load5
83
Result
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Three Phase Inverter
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Inverter output voltage 440V phase to phase

voltage with 50Hz frequency
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Introduction of Matlab

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TWO DAY WORKSHOP ON ENGINEERING

APPLICATIONS USING MATLAB

Engineering Application using

This allows quick solutions to problems that

>> format long

>> format short e

command---->plot(x , y), xlabel(a), ylabel ( b )

Command --->plot(x , y), xlabel(a),ylabel (b),title(c)

Color line coding

>> eq1 = 'w+x+4*y+3*z=5';

Expanding and Collecting Equations

>> laplace (sin(w*t))

Inverse Laplace Transform

>> ilaplace (s/(s^2+4))

Inverse Fourier Transform

Simulink can be used to design, simulate, implement and

Engineering Applications - Simulink

The Simulink Library Browser

Input of the system

output of the system

display the wave form

random number generation

create algebraic equation

sub system creater

Defining Block Parameter

Press the run key

Creating Simple Circuit Model

Distributed Parameters Line

Three Phase Inverter

Inverter output voltage 440V phase to phase

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>> eq1 = 'w+x+4y+3z=5';