/

75

1999

4.1

Mememi:m
1 Richard Dawkins

MimemeGene
Memememory
Meme
Meme Mimetic[mimetik]
Mimetic

Gene 3 Gene
GenDas Gen1911 Wilheim L.
Johannsen, 1857~1927GenGene
1

2
3

1941
N. Tinbergin1907~1988
1976
Selfish GeneThe Blind Watchmaker, River out of Eden
1998 293
Webster's Encyclopedic Unabridged Dictionary, Gramercy Books, 1996, p.795.

76

Gene

Entropy

Entropy
Meme

Meme
Meme
Meme

Meme
4 Meme
Meme
S. k. Sen Meme
Meme

4.2

Meme

Meme
Meme
Dawkins

http//www.ordnance.cetin.net.cn/hqingbao

77

Meme
Meme
Meme
Meme Pool Meme

Meme
Meme
Host
Lynch 5
Meme Memory Item

Wilkins 6
Meme Socio-Cultural
Information
Heylighen 7
Meme
Information Pattern
Moritz 8
5

Lynch, A."Units, Events and Dynamics in Memetic Evolution", Journal of Memetics,

vol. 12, 1998.
Wilkins, Johns."What's in a Meme"Reflections from the perspective of the history
and philosophy of evolutionary biology, Journal of Memetics, vol. 12, 1998.
Heylighen, F.What makes a meme successfulSelection criteria for cultural evolution,

78

Meme
Bjarneskans 9
Meme Host

Oxford English Dictionary

meme

Meme
Replictor

Hans-Cees Speel1998
Symposium on Memetics "Memes are

in Proc. 15th. Congress on Cybernetics, Belgium, 1998.

Moritz, E.: "Memetic Science", The Institute For Memetic Research, Florida, 1990.
http://www.geocities.com/Research Triangle
9
Bjarneskans, H. et at"The Lifecycle of Memes".
http://www.aleph.se/Trans/Cultural/Memetics
8

79

also interactors" 10 MemeMeme

DNA RNA 11
Interactors
Phenotype
Genotype

Dominant
RecessiveF 1
F 2
F 1
1/4

RNARNA
Meme Meme
Meme
Meme

4.3

Meme

Paradigm

Meme
Memetics
10

Speel, H. C.,"Memes are also Interactors", Memetics Symposium, Namur, Belgium,

August, 26-281998
11
RNA-Ribonucleic AcidDNADNA
RNA DNA RNA
RNA

80

T. Kuhn
Paradigm shift 12
I. Kant, 1724~1804
Johann G. Fichte, 1762~1814G.W.F. Hegel,
1770~1831K. Marx, 1818~1883
D. Hume, 1711~1776B. Russell,
1872~1970

D. Gatherer 13
Meme

Meme
1.
Meme

Meme
Meme

Mormonism

140 4.1

() 8

Kuhn, T.Die 7
Struktur wissenschaft Licher Revolutionen, Suhrkamp,
Frankfurt, 1976.
13
Gatherer, D "Macromemetics Towards a Framework for the Re-unification of
6
Philosophy", Journal
of Memetics, vol.1, 1997.
5

12

2
1
0

1860

1900
1880

4.1

1940
1920

1980
1960

2000

81

Lynch1998
Encyclopedia of Mormonism

33 1.2
Meme
2. Meme
(There is nothing either
good or bad-but thinking makes it so.)

Meme

Meme

Meme
Meme Meme

82

3. 14

Meme Meme

4.

Meme

Meme
5.

Meme

Meme
14

Lynch 124-125 1998

83

6. Meme
1976 Meme

Meme

Meme
Variation

Meme

Meme

Socrates, 469~399 B.C.

Meme
Meme
DNA Meme

84

4.4

Meme

Meme Meme
Meme Lifecycle 4.2

85

meme

()

()

4.2
Meme
MemeMemeCoding
Memegene DNA
DNA
15

Memegene

Meme
MemeMemeSize
Heylighen1994
16
Cognitive ScienceProduction Rule

15

DNA gene 800~900 DNAACTG

4 800
16
Heylighen. F."Structure of memes."
http://pespmc1.vub.ac.be/MEMSTRUC.html

86

A B AB
A

B
Meme

ABBC

Meme
Moritz1990 17 MemeL-m
V-mM-mB-m

4.2MemeMeme
MemeMemeExpression
Meme

87

Meme
Meme 18
Meme
Vehicle
CD-Rome-mail Meme
Meme
10
Meme
Nazi Meme
Meme

Meme
Meme DecodingMeme
Meme
Meme Meme
AssimilationMeme Fidelity
Meme

Meme
MemeMeme
Mnemone 19

A
B
17

Moritz, E.Memetic Science, The Institute For Memetic Research, Fiorida, 1990.
Amundson, R.Watson and the Hundreth Monkey Phenomenon, Sceptical Inquirer
Spring, 1987.
19
Wilkins, J. S."What's in a Meme", Journal of Memetics, vol.2, 1998
18

88

A B MemeAB
Meme Meme
Pro-memes MemeContra-memes Meme
Meme
Meme Meme
Meme 20
Meme
Retention
Meme New Host

Longevity Meme Meme

Meme
Meme

Meme ETA
R
Meme Meme

Meme Meme

Fitness

tt1

HeylighenMeme
20

Bjarneskans, H. et al."The Lifecycle of Memes",

http://www.aleph.se/Trans/Cultural/Memetics

89

21

F(m)Am Rm Em Tm

Fm t Meme
t1 Meme
Am
Rm Meme
Em Meme

Tm
A1R1 E
MemeT
Meme

F1 E1 T1
Meme 4.1

4.1

/
(A)

Heylighen,
F.What
succes sful
Selectio n cri
teria for cultural
evol ution,
(R) makes a meme

Symposium on Memetics, Belgium, 1998.

21

90

Heylighlaen, F. What makes a meme successful ? Selection criteria cultural

evolution, Symposium on Memetics, Belgium,1998.

Meme
Meme Meme

Meme
Meme
Meme
Meme

Meme

Meme
Meme
Meme
Meme
Formality

Meme

Meme
Meme Meme

Meme

91

Meme
Orders of Magnitude 22

Meme
Meme

Meme Meme
Mutation
23

24 Deep Ecologist

22

10 10 100 (10 2 )
1000 (10 3 )
23
"The Degeneration of Man."
http://www.onelife.com/evolve/degen.html
24
Holmes Rolston1996

92

4.5

Suicide
Death Instinct
1920 Sigmund Freud, 1856~193964
Beyond the pleasure principle

Instinct
Robert Kastenbaum
25
1.

2.
3.Bodily NeedsPleasure

4.

5.

6.

25

Kastenbaum, R. (1992), The Psychology of Death, Springer, New York.

93

STELLA 26

1. V

1:Bodily Needs

4.00
20.00
30.00
15.00
1.10

1:
2:
3:
4:
5:

3:life instinct

4.:Tension

4 5
1

-1.50
10.00
15.00
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0.55

1:
2:
3:
4:
5:

2:death wish

5
5

2
3

2
3

2
1
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0.00

1:
2:
3:
4:
5:

4
1
2
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20.00

40.00

60.00

80.00

4.3
V
4.3
1
2
3
4 5

18 1 4
V 20
3 20
26

1998

94

40
38

2.

1:Bodily Needs

1:
2:
3:
4:
5:

3.50
30.00
20.00
300.00
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1:
2:
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4:
5:

1.50
15.00
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3:life instinct

4.:Tension

4
2
3

2
2

1:
2:
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5:

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4.4

4.4 1 40

4 3 40
2
3.U

1:Bodily Needs

1:
2:
3:
4:

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3:Life instinct

4.:Tension

4.00
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85.00

2
4

1:
2:
3:
4:

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1
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0.00

95

4.5 4 35
3 30 2

4.W

1:Bodily Needs

1:
2:
3:
4:

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3:Life instinct

4.:Tension

5.00
70.00
29.46
20.00

4
2

1:
2:
3:
4:

2.50
35.00
14.73
10.00

3
3

4
2
1:
2:
3:
4:

0.00
0.00
0.00
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4.6

4
1

2
0.00

4
3

25.00

50.00

75.00

100.0

96

4.6 W 1
3 4 2

Serotonin

1981
27 L.Traskman

H. kushner 28
Migrants

Emile Durkheim,
27
28

Kushner 1997
27

97

1858~1917 29

Johann Wolfgang Von,

1749~18321774
The Sorrows of Young Werther

Charlotte
1974 David PhillipsThe
Werther Effect 30

4.2

4.2

American Sociological
Review 1974, Vol.39:340-54
Science 1977 196:1464-65

American Journal of

Sociology 1979 Vol.84

No.5:1150-1174

Social Force 1980

Vol.58(Jun), 1001-1024

American Sociological

29
30

Review 1982 Vol.47:802-809

1Durkheim
977
1990
American Journal of

Sociol ogy 1982 Vol.87

Ma
rdson, P.Operationalising Mem etic-Sucide, theNo.6:134
Werther 0-1359
Effect, and the work of

David P. Phillips, University of Sussex, e-mailPaulMardson@msn.com

98

Mardson, P.: Operationalising Memetics-Sucide, the Weather Effect, and the

Work of David P. Phillips, University of Sussex,
E-mail: PaulMardson@msn.com

Quasi-Experimental

Wilrins
31 Lynch 14
32

Moritz 33 Speel

34
35 STELLA
4.7
Suicide RateMedia
4.8

sum of suicide
Wilrins, J. S.: "chang
What,se in a meme"Reflections from the perspective of the history and
philosophy of evolutionary biology, Journals of Memetics,vol.12,1998.
32
Lynch, A.: "Symbols for Mating and the Sexes in Mnemon Event Diagrams."
http://www.mcs.net/~aaron/memesymbols.htm
33
Moritz, E. : Memetic Science,Introduction,1990.
34
Speel, H. : "A Memetic Analysis of policy Making", Journals of Memetics, Vol. 11,
population suicide rate
1997
35
1999
31

media

m coeff

~
control
m rate
c

4.7

Change
Sum of Suicide 5
Population 10
m-coeff
Suicide rate
media
m-rate
C
Control

1:m rate v. suicide rate

8.00e-004

4.00e-004

99

100

X Y