Chapter 1 The Problem and Background

Introduction Theoretical Framework Conceptual Framework Statement of the Problem Hypothesis Scope and Delimitation of the Study Significance of the Study

Chapter 1 The Problem and Background Introduction: Department of Health has published literary that concerns about the psychological and spiritual skills of novice nurses. In the literary, it has also been given emphasis that this correlates with their maturity as professional nurses. Previous studies of experts have concluded that novice nurses, because of cognitive limitations, are generally inaccurate, unreliable, biased, lack self-insight, and gain little with experience. Overall, previous psychological studies have painted a rather bleak picture of the decision-making abilities of experts. The research reviewed here provides a different view of experts in two respects. First, expert decision makers have been found to use strategies, such as reliance on group feedback, willingness to make adjustments, and a divide-and-conquer approach, which help them overcome the effects of cognitive limitations. Second, top decision makers in agriculture, personnel selection, health care, accounting/auditing, and management have been observed to share psychological characteristics such as perceptiveness, communication skills, selfconfidence, and creativity under stress. These findings have implications for (1) image and expectations of experts, (2) classifying different types of experts, (3) training and/or selecting novices to become experts, and (4) design of expert systems.

Chapter 1 The Problem and Background Statement of the Problem 1.) What is the Demographic Profile of Respondents as to age, sex, religion and years of experience? 2.) What are the characteristics of novice nurses in their work performance?

3.) What are the psychological and spiritual factors affecting the work performances of novice nurse? 4.) Is there a significant relationship of the psychological and spiritual skills to the work performance of novice nurses?

Chapter 1 The Problem and Background

Hypothesis There is no significant difference on psychological and spiritual beliefs of novice nurses on their work performance. There is no significant relationship between psychological and spiritual beliefs of nurses on their work performance at Isabela Provincial Hospital.

Chapter 1 The Problem and Background Scope and Delimitation The study will be done at Isabela Provincial Hospital. This will include novice nurses who are willing to do answers questionnaires regarding this study that will relate their respective psychological and spiritual skills in relation with their work performance at the said venue where the study will be held. They will be asked to accomplish 2 parts of survey questionnaire composed of the following: first is their demographic profile, second are their psychological and spiritual skills.

Chapter 1 The Problem and Background Significance of the Study The conduction of the study will benefit the novice nurses at Isabela Provincial Hospital by being able to have self awareness that will aid them in their work performance at different institutions. Result of this study will help these novice nurses in identifying which approach will be more effective in developing and enhancing their knowledge which are essential in providing quality nursing care.

Chapter 2 Review of Related Literature Although nursing and psychology are two separate fields, they are still linked. In the nursing field, the focus is on helping individuals with their health and recovery. Psychology on the other hand is the study of mental processes and behavior. Nursing and psychology are linked because to help people adequately recover from health problems, a nurse must often understand the behavior and emotional state of a patient. This is vital for a nurse who desires to help patients recover from diseases or disabilities quickly. Psychologists and nurses both have the common goal of understanding the emotional and biological needs of their patients. Although nurses sometimes provide very basic care, they have the job of developing an individual's ability to become more independent. This is especially true in cases where a patient is recovering from some type of accident. One way that psychology enhances nursing is by helping a person change behaviors, such as their mental thought patterns. An optimistic nurse who brings comfort to patients has the ability to encourage positive thinking. Herbert Benson, a cardiologist and professor at Harvard Medical School, says that the brain's ability to affect the body has been scientifically proven. (See Reference 1) A positive attitude can boost the immune system and contribute to physical health and recovery. When the nursing field incorporates psychology it begins to resemble a field called biopsychology. Biopsychology attempts to understand behavior through biological theories. Nursing already has a biological base and when a nurse attempts to understand patients beyond a biological level, biopsychology begins to emerge. The expansion of fields like biopsychology continues to be a key part in nursing and nurse training. In the book "Psychology for the Profession of Nursing," the author acknowledges that the nurse ultimately develops a close personal relationship with patients. In order to develop a healthy relationship, it's vital that a nurse understand human emotional reactions, and psychology is the key to understand this fully. A nurse must recognize when a patient is angry, depressed, confused or afraid, and take the necessary steps to deal with these emotions so as not to aggravate a patient's health condition. Psychology can enhance the nursing profession when it's properly applied. There are psychological theories and research that can prove to be useful to individuals in the nursing profession. Although nursing is largely based in biology, there are psychological and social elements to nursing. When nurses understand and embrace this idea, they become better at their professions. Read more: How Is a Nursing Career Related to Psychology? | eHow.com http://www.ehow.com/about_5534115_nursing-career-relatedpsychology.html#ixzz1dI1KqWWf

Mental health nurses need to know their clients at depth, and to comprehend their social contexts in order to provide holistic care. Knowing persons through their stories, narratives they tell, provides contextual detail and person-revealing characteristics that make them individuals. Narratives are an everyday means of communicating experience, and there is a place for storytelling in nearly all cultures. Thus narrative is a culturally congruent way to ascertain and understand experiences. This means the nurse should ask questions such as How did that come about? versus why questions. A narrative approach stands in contrast to a yes/no algorithmic process in conversing with clients. Eliciting stories illustrates the social context of events, and implicitly provides answers to questions of feeling and meaning. Here we include background on narrative, insights from narrative research, and clinical wisdom in explaining how narratively understanding the person can improve mental health nursing services. Implications for theory, practice, and research are discussed.

Crucial to mental health nursing is the self/life narrative. It has been posited that in a very substantive way we are our stories [13]. Frank says that stories contain the self [44]. Stories reveal aspects of the self in the context of ones history and the likely future trajectory. Development is understood in a new and contextualized way through the use of narratives [20, 45] Stories are dependent on abilities to remember, and memories making up the totality of self are stored as narratives [2, 29, 35, 36, 46]. The lack of a consistent, continuous life narrative that occurs when memory is disturbed is evident in the person with advanced Alzheimers disease, for example, with all of the social disruption and suffering it causes. A self-narrative may be of a discrete episode about belongingness, for example, or it could be a lengthy life history, told chronologically from earliest experiences forward to the present.Often, the family of origin stories we tell and retell signify key family roles and dynamics that have an impact on the construction of the self, [47]. Here again we are aware that some of the actual facts of these stories cannot be precisely known. Changes, memory gaps, secrecy, the identity of the given audience, and the focus of emphasis make for different tellings. These changes may also be influenced by phases of development, current situations, and the power status of the players or characters in the story. The manner in which family stories are constructed and reconstructed, also bring insight about the characteristics of actual persons about whom the story is told. Future narratives about ones family reveal goals, expectations, and anticipated, hoped-for changes.