Anil Chejara Roll No. 9003022 Group No.

FORCED VORTEX
BACKGROUND: The motion of the fluid swirling rapidly around a center is called a vortex. A forced vortex flow is that in which the fluid mass is made to rotate by means of some external source of power, which exerts a constant torque on the fluid mass, thereby causing the whole mass of fluid to rotate at constant angular velocity . As such in a forced vortex motion there is always a constant external torque required to be applied to the fluid mass resulting in an expenditure of energy.

As shown above Z and H at any radial distance r are measured with reference to the horizontal datum passing through the lowest point of surface profile. It can be shown

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where -angular speed Z-distance with reference to horizontal datum line upto a point on surface profile at radial distance r from axis of rotation. H-distance with reference to horizontal datum line upto a point on total energy line at radial distance r from axis of rotation. AIM: To obtain the surface profile and the total head distribution in a forced vortex flow. EXPERIMENTAL SETUP: 1. Power supply: Single Phase, 220 volts, 50 Hz, 5 Amp with earth. 2. Water Supply 3. Drain

PROCEDURE: Make sure that Apparatus is cleaned and made dust free and then drain valves are closed. The tank is filled to of its height and then the open flow control valve is opened. All switches are checked to be on OFF position. Now main power supply and pump are switched ON. Flow control valve is now operated and the orifice at the bottom of the tank is opened so that the water can be discharged outside at a steady rate. Now surface profile readings are taken when steady state is reached and surface elevation at r=0 is taken as the datum for all these readings.

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CALCULATIONS:

Rpm

X axis (mm) 2.31 4.72 6.96

Y axis(mm) 17.9 16.41 15.07 13.92 15.12 16.53 17.97

Radius 8.4 5.99 3.75 0 3.69 -6 -8.4

Y 3.98 2.49 1.15 0 1.2 2.61 4.05

Z 3.784 1.924 0.754 0.000 0.730 1.931 3.784

H 1.892 0.962 0.377 0.000 0.365 0.965 1.892

98

10.71 14.4 16.71 19.11

1. Rpm X axis (mm) 2.34 4.83 7 163 10.71 14.47 16.8 19.14 Y axis(mm) 21.49 17.11 13.23 12.39 13.13 16.84 21.15 Radius 8.37 5.88 3.71 0 -3.76 -6.09 -8.43 Y 9.1 4.72 0.84 0 0.74 4.45 8.76 Z 10.39307 5.129177 2.04193 0 2.097339 5.502089 10.54261 H 5.196536 2.564588 1.020965 0 1.04867 2.751044 5.271305

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5 4 Z axix 3 2 1 0 -10 -5 0 Radius 5 10 Experimental Head Theoretical

12 10 Z-axis 8 6 4 2 0 -10 -5 0 Radius 5 10 Experimental Theoretical Head

RESULTS: For all the values of speed plots obtained are prefect parabolas. The plots also show the theoretical values and the total head count which also shape of parabolas
PRECAUTIONS: Do not run the pump at low voltage i.e. less than 180 Volts. Always keep apparatus free from dust. To prevent clogging of moving parts, rum pump at least once in a fortnight. Frequently Grease/Oil the rotating parts, once in three months. Always Use Clean Water. If the Apparatus is not in use for more than one month, drain the apparatus completely, and fill pump with cutting oil.

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