Professional Documents
Culture Documents
INJURIES
CLASSIFICATION OF FIREARM WEAPONS:
Q These are old fashioned weapons, no longer used due to their:
· Near range.
· Slow action.
· Difficult loading.
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FIREARM INJURIES
1. FIREARM WEAPONS:
1. BREACH‐LOADING:
1. NON‐RIFLED WEAPONS
· SPORTING GUN
· GAFFER GUNS
1. Greener.
2. Schneider.
3. Remington.
2. RIFLED WEAPONS
· Service rifle.
· Revolver.
· Automatic pistol.
2. MUZZLE‐LOADING.
3. OTHER TYPES OF WEAPONS:
1. Rubber bullets.
2. Industrial (stud) guns.
3. Air guns.
10. MLD of powder marks.
11. Identification of the weapon used is based on.
12. Fabricated firearm wounds.
13. Differences between homicidal, suicidal & accidental firearm injuries.
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TYPES OF BREACH LOADING FIREARMS
1.Non automatic:
o It has a rim at its base to keep
them from slipping inside the
barrel.
2.Automatic:
o It has a groove near the base in
which the extractor hook will
clench.
o This type can automatically fire a
number of cartridges.
BORE OR CALIBER OF
o Sporting guns have different calibers.
o Each one has a fixed number, which is written on the
cartridge brass bases to the side of the percussion cap.
o The commonest calibers are 12 and 16.
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TYPE OF INNER OUTER
POWDER WAD WAD
SPORTING GUN Black or
NONRIFLED
WEAPONS
smokeless Ö
GREENER
SHNEIDER
Smokeless
Black Ö
REMINGTON X
SERVICE AUTOMATIC Smokeless
RIFLE NON‐
WEAPONS
X
RIFLED
AUTOMATIC
REVOLVER OLD TYPE Black
NEW TYPE Smokeless
AUTOMATIC PISTOL
INLET EXIT
LOSS OF SUB. · More. · Less.
· Regular & smaller. · Extensive with marked
laceration especially if
· The inlet may be larger than the exit in the following conditions: the missile strikes a bone
1. Very near firing with tearing of the edges. before it comes out.
SHAPE & SIZE
2. Gunshot injuries where the shots enter in one mass and most of
them remain in the body while few of them come out with small
exit.
3. Explosive missiles.
· Inverted. · Everted.
· The edges may be everted in the following conditions:
1. Point black (0‐15 cm): the blast of gases enters inside the
wound & explodes rendering the edges everted.
EDGES 2. If the inlet is in a fatty area (abdominal wall, breast & gluteal
region) the skin will contract by its elasticity and fat come out
rendering the edges everted.
3. After putrefaction where the putrefied gases rend the edges
everted.
(burning, blackening & tattooing)
POWDER MARKS · Absent.
· May be present.
· Present at the margin even in far firing. · Absent.
· It is due to the fact that the bullet wipes its surface on the
doormat of the skin before entering the body.
SOILING RING
· It is formed of 3 collars (from inside to outside):
1. Abraded epithelium.
2. Greasy layer.
3. Dark red contusion.
BEVELING of flat · Internal. · External, with some
bone radiating fissures.
· Embedded powder particles (not seen by the naked eye). · Absent.
MICROSCOPIC
· Swelling & homogenization of dermal collagen caused by heat of
EXAMINATION the bullet.
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ESTIMATION OF THE DSITANCE OF FIRING
Q It depends on the type of:
· The weapon.
· The powder.
· TIGHT CONTACT DISCHARGE OVER SOFT TISSUES:
1. Single circular wound, about the diameter of the muzzle.
2. Smooth margin, there is a thin band of bruising in the margin caused by pressure of the muzzle (muzzle imprint).
3. Pink tissues (due to large amount of carbon monoxide combined with haemoglobin & myoglobin).
4. Little or no surface bruising, blackening & tattooing (they are present in the SC tissue & in the bullet tract).
5. Wads in wound (only in non‐rifled weapons).
· TIGHT CONTACT DISCHARGE OVER SKULL & BONY AREA:
1. Split or cruciate wound.
2. Bruising.
3. Local reddening.
4. Little or no …
5. Wads …
IN NON‐RIFLED WEAPONS
IN RIFLED WEAPONS
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