School of Civil Engineering Faculty of Engineering

ECV 5203 FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS

PROJECT: STRUCTURAL DAMPING by

LIM KWEI SEAH (GS 26951) KHOR KIAT HONG (GS26053) KHOO KHAI YANG (GS25778) YONG PEI MING (GS26264)

OCTORBER 2011

ECV 5203 DYNAMIC ANALYSIS

MEETING MINUTES NO. 1

Avenue: UPM Time : 11:00am Attendee : Lim Kwei Seah Khor Kiat Hong Khoo Khai Yang 1. Briefly discussed among others about the questions stated in the assignment given by lecturer. 2. Works is allocated to each group members for further study and will meet again to discuss. 3. Meeting adjourned at 3:00pm

MEETING MINUTES NO. 2

Avenue: UPM Time : 11:00am Attendee : Lim Kwei Seah Khor Kiat Hong Khoo Khai Yang 1. Each group member present the problems with solution which under their responsibility to others group members. 2. Khoo was not able to solve part of the problems, but after discussion and group works the problems was able to solve eventually. 3. Danny will collect all the answer sheet and do the compilation for submission. 4. Meeting adjourned at 3:00pm

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ECV 5203 DYNAMIC ANALYSIS

TABLE OF CONTENT Item 1.0 2.0 3.0 Description Introduction Objective Design Brief for Structure Page 2 2 2

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ECV 5203 DYNAMIC ANALYSIS

1.0 Introduction At the latest research of dumping research, there is two different methods are explained, the first method is based on energy Structural damping. The second method is based on moment, stresses and strains Internal damping. 2.0 Structural damping Structural damping causes by rubbing friction or contact among different elements in a mechanical system. Its very difficult to define a model that represents perfectly structural damping, the reason causes the difficulty is because the dissipation of energy is depends on the particular characteristics of the mechanical system. Energy dissipation in determined by means of the coefficient of restitution of the two components that are in contact. Structural damping usually estimated by means of measuring but the measured value represent the total damping in the mechanical system. The most important form of structural damping is the slip damping, and its cause by Coulomb friction at a structural joint. This may cause by many factors such as surface properties or joint forces.

3.0 Internal damping Internal damping is caused by microstructure defects, such as impurities grain boundaries, thermoelastic effects, eddy-current effects in ferromagnetic materials, dislocation motion in metals and chain motion in polymers. There are 2 types of internal damping:1.) Viscoeleastic damping 2.) Hysteretic damping. Dealing with the latter research, hysteretic damping is not suitable for all types of internal damping that relate with hysteretic-loop effects. The relation between Stree () and Strain () has a hysteretic loop as below:

4.0 Measurement of damping

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ECV 5203 DYNAMIC ANALYSIS

There are 2 different methods to measure damping. Function of time or function of frequency. Dealing with time response, the logarithmic decrement method is the most common method to measure damping.

As regards the Step-Response Method, a unit-step excitation is applied to the singledegree-of freedom oscillatory system and its time response look like a typical steprespone curve given by the expression:

Damping ratio () can be determined through these tree parameters: Peak Time (Tp),Peak Value(Mp) or perdentage overshoot (PO).

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ECV 5203 DYNAMIC ANALYSIS

5.0 5.0 Conclusion Structural damping is much greater than internal damping and it represents a large portion of energy dissipation in mechanical structures. 6.0 Reference

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