Algebra and Geometry Applications for STEM

M Planchard-12-22-04 1
Determine the Radius, Volume and Density of a Cylinder:
Calculating the volume in a design environment allows the designer to determine the
overall dimensions oI the product and the amount oI material required to manuIacture the
product.

Required Variables:
O #adius: r
O iameter: d
O rea:
O CircumIerence: C
O eight: h
O 'olume: '
O %otal SurIace rea: S
O ateral SurIace rea: S
%

O ensity: 8
O Mass: m

elpful Equations for Circles and Cylinders:
J
m
rh S
h r J
r C
r A
d
r
LAT

8
6
6
6
6
2
2
2
2
2


Dimension a Circle in SolidWorks:
n SolidWorks, circles use diameter dimensions to determine size. rcs use radius
dimensions to determine size. iameter dimensions are preceded with the diameter
symbol, O. %he radius dimensions are preceded with the # symbol.


#adius and eight
oI a Cylinder
Algebra and Geometry Applications for STEM

M Planchard-12-22-04 2
Mathematical Iormulas use the variable r. Use the variable, r in
this text to calculate the radius oI a circle.

Dimension a Cylinder in SolidWorks:
n Extruded Feature adds height to a circle. eight is displayed as
a linear dimension. %he linear dimension is represented by h. Use
the variable, h in this text to calculate the height oI a cylinder.








Calculating Surface Area of a Cylinder in SolidWorks:
ateral SurIace rea is the area
around a cylinder. ateral
SurIace area is deIined the
product oI the circumIerence oI
the circle, r 6 2 and the height, h,
oI the cylinder.


rh S
LAT
6 2

SolidWorks calculates %otal
SurIace rea, S by adding all
surIaces oI a model. For a
cylinder, there are three surIaces.

O ateral surIace area oI the cylinder, S
%

O rea oI the top circle,
2
r A 6
O rea oI the bottom circle,
2
r A 6

%he area oI the top circle equals the area oI the bottom circle.

2
2
2 2
) ( 2 2
2
r rh S
r rh S
A S S
LAT
6 6
6 6








r 6 2
Algebra and Geometry Applications for STEM

M Planchard-12-22-04 3
Units of Measurement:
etermine units at the start oI a design problem.
State the units throughout the problem.
Common units oI length are millimeters and inches.


Table 1
Geometry: Order: Millimeter: (mm) Inch: (in)
#adius inear mm in
iameter inear mm in
rea Squared mm
2
in
2

CircumIerence inear mm in
'olume Cubed mm
3
in
3

SurIace rea Squared mm
2
in
2



SolidWorks Units:
O Set the units Ior the document using the
%ools, Options, ocument Properties, Units
Irom the Main menu.

O etermine units at the start oI a design
problem. Measure the radius and diameter in
linear units such as inches, Ieet, millimeters or
meters.


Example 1: Determine the Volume, Mass and
Surface Area of a Cylinder:

Part 1: Create the Cylinder.
1.) h oI the Cylinder: 10mm.
2.) d oI the Cylinder: 75mm.

O Start a SolidWorks Session.
O Sketch a circle on the Front Plane.
O imension the circle 75mm.
O Create an Extruded Boss/Base Feature.
O Extrude the Sketch. Use 10mm Ior epth.




Algebra and Geometry Applications for STEM

M Planchard-12-22-04 4
Part 2: Determine the Mass Properties
of a Cylinder:
O pply a Material. pply #ubber.
O Click %ools, Mass Properties Irom the
Main menu.
O 'iew the ensity, Mass, 'olume and
SurIace rea oI the Cylinder.

Part 3: Determine the analytical
solution without SolidWorks: Use the
supplied equations.
1.) etermine the Iollowing:
4 #adius oI the circle.
4 eight oI the cylinder.
4 'olume oI the cylinder.
4 Mass oI the cylinder.
4 SurIace rea oI the cylinder.

Example 2 Determine the Volume, Mass and
Surface Area of the Bracelet.
%he copper Bracelet is designed with an inside
diameter oI 65mm and an outside diameter oI
75mm.

Part 1: Create the Bracelet.
1.) oI the Cylinder: 65mm.
2.) O oI the Cylinder: 75mm.

O Start a SolidWorks Session.
O Sketch a circle on the Front Plane.
O imension the circle 75mm.
O Create an Extruded Boss/Base Feature.
O Extrude the Sketch. Use 10mm Ior epth.
O Sketch a circle on the Front Iace.
O imension the circle 65mm.
O Create an Extruded Cut Feature.
O Use the %hrough ll option.

Part 2: Determine the Mass
Properties of a copper Bracelet:
O pply a Material. pply Copper.
O Click %ools, Mass Properties Irom
the Main menu.
O 'iew the ensity, Mass, 'olume
and SurIace rea oI the Cylinder.

Algebra and Geometry Applications for STEM

M Planchard-12-22-04 5
Part 3: Determine the analytical solution without SolidWorks: Use the supplied
equations.
2.) etermine the Iollowing:
4 #adius oI the inside circle, r
1
.
4 #adius oI the inside circle, r
2
.
4 eight oI the cylinder.
4 'olume oI the cylinder.
4 Mass oI the cylinder.
4 SurIace rea oI the cylinder.

I you the Fillet Ieature to your bracelet, the
analytical mass properties diIIer Irom the
SolidWorks calculated mass properties.
Why?

Determine Surface Area of the Bracelet:
SolidWorks calculates %otal SurIace rea, S by adding all surIaces oI a model. For the
Bracelet, there are Iour surIaces.

O ateral surIace area oI the outside cylinder, S
1

O ateral surIace area oI the outside cylinder, S
2

O rea oI the top ring, ) (
2
1
2
2
r r A 6
O rea oI the bottom ring, ) (
2
1
2
2
r r A 6

%he area oI the top circle equals the area oI the bottom circle.

) ( 2 ) ( 2
) ( 2 2 2
2
2
1
2
2 2 1
2
1
2
2 2 1
2 1
r r r r h S
r r h r h r S
A S S S



6 6
6 6 6

%op
Bottom
Outside nside

SolidWorks calculates %otal SurIace rea
Mass Properties with Fillet Feature
Algebra and Geometry Applications for STEM

M Planchard-12-22-04 6
Part 4: Determining Cost of the Mold Base.

%he retail company, XYZ-Jewelry, nc. requires a steel mold base to be designed and
manuIactured to create the bracelets. XYZ-Jewelry receives the Iollowing quotes Irom
their suppliers:

esign %ime: 20 hours
Machine Shop %ime: 40 hours

%he rate Ior esign %ime is $200/hour. %he rate Ior Machine Shop %ime is $150/hour.
%he Machine Shop %ime includes the material required to create the mold.

%he XYZ-Jewelry estimated $10,000 Ior the mold base. s this a good cost estimate?

O What is the cost Ior the esign %ime?
O What is the cost Ior the Machine Shop %ime?
O What is the total cost Ior XYZ-Jewelry to obtain the mold base?

Part 5: Determining Break Even Cost of the Bracelet.

n agent at XYZ-Jewelry needs to know how many bracelets the company must sell in
order to make a proIit. %he agent estimates the mold base to be $10,000. Each bracelet
costs $.10 to manuIacture, package and ship. %he bracelet sells Ior $1.00 each.

O etermine the proIit Ior each bracelet?
O etermine the number oI bracelets Ior the company to make a proIit aIter
paying Ior the mold base?
Algebra and Geometry Applications for STEM

M Planchard-12-22-04 7

Example 1 Solution

Calculating Volume and Mass
34
:
:
/ 001 .
10
75
3
Calculate
M4del
rubber f4r mm g
mm h
mm d

8

3d
3
3
2
2 2
2
3 2
3 2
2
3
3 . 44156
) 5 . 14062 ( 14 . 3
) 10 ( ) 25 . 1406 (
) 10 )( 5 . 37 (
) 10 ( ) 5 . 37 (
) (
5 . 37 2 / 75
) (
) (
) (
) (
) (
mm J
mm J
mm mm J
mm mm J
mm mm J
mm h r J
mm r
mm h r J
mm Area Surface
g mass
mm J4lume
mm radus

6
6
6
6
6

34
rubber f4r mm g
mm J
3
3
/ 001 .
3 . 44156

8


3d:
mass(g)
M4del:
J m
m J
J
J
m
J
J
m
8
8
8
8

) ( ) (

Calculate
g m
mm
mm
g
m
J m
16 . 44
) 3 . 44156 ( 001 .
3
3

8


Algebra and Geometry Applications for STEM

M Planchard-12-22-04 8

Example 1 Solution, cont Calculating Surface Area of a Cylinder

34:
mm h
mm r
10
5 . 37 2 / 75

3d:
%otal SurIace rea, S(mm
2
)




M4del
2
2
2 2
) ( 2 2
2
r rh S
r rh S
A S S
LAT
6 6
6 6





Calculate
2
2
2 2
2
2
2
3 . 11186
) 3 . 1781 ( 2
) 3 . 1406 375 ( 2
) ) 5 . 37 ( ) 10 )( 5 . 37 (( 2
) ( 2
2 2
mm S
mm S
mm mm S
mm mm mm S
r rh S
r rh S

6
6
6
6
6 6


Algebra and Geometry Applications for STEM

M Planchard-12-22-04 9

Example 2 Solution

Calculating Volume and Mass of the Bracelet
34
:
:
/ 0089 .
10
75
65
3
Calculate
M4del
c455er f4r mm g
mm h
mm OD
mm ID

8

3d
3 3
3
3
3 2 2
3 2
1
2
2
2
1
3 2
1
2
2
3 2
1
2
2
2
3
2
1
11000 10990
) 350 )( 14 . 3 )( 10 (
) 25 . 1056 25 . 1406 ( 10
) 5 . 32 5 . 37 )( 10 (
) (
5 . 37 2 / 75
5 . 32 2 / 65
) (
) (
) (
) (
) (
,
,
mm mm J
mm J
mm J
mm J
mm r r h J
mm r
mm r
mm r r h J
mm h r h r J
mm Area Surface
g mass
mm J4lume
r radus 4utsde
r radus 3sde

6
6
6
6
6 6

34
rubber f4r mm g
mm J
3
3
/ 0089 .
11000

8


3d:
mass(g)
M4del:
J m
J
m
8
8

Calculate
g m
mm
mm
g
m
J m
9 . 97
) 11000 ( 0089 .
3
3

8


Algebra and Geometry Applications for STEM

M Planchard-12-22-04 10

Example 2 Solution
continued
Calculating Surface Area of the Bracelet
34:
mm h
mm r
mm r
10
5 . 37 2 / 75
5 . 32 2 / 65
2
1

3d:
%otal SurIace rea, S(mm
2
)




M4del
) ( 2 ) ( 2
) ( 2 2 2
2
2
1
2
2 2 1
2
1
2
2 2 1
2 1
r r r r h S
r r h r h r S
A S S S



6 6
6 6 6

Calculate
)
)
)
)
)
2
2
2
2 2
2
2 2
2
1
2
2 2 1
2
1
2
2 2 1
6594
) 1050 )( 14 . 3 ( 2
1050 2
) 350 ( ) 700 ( 2
) ) 3 . 1056 3 . 1406 ( ) 70 )( 10 ( 2
) ) 5 . 32 ( ) 5 . 37 (( ) 5 . 32 5 . 37 )( 10 ( 2
) ( ) ( 2
) ( 2 ) ( 2
mm S
mm S
mm S
mm mm S
mm mm mm S
mm mm mm mm mm S
r r r r h S
r r r r h S

6
6
6
6
6
6 6


Review Problem Solving Steps:
O Break up larger problems into smaller ones.
O State your known variables and what you have to Iind.
O State units oI measurement Ior each variable.
O Create an algebraic model. State units in the model.
O Factor variables to simpliIy the equation.
O Substitute values.
O Calculate in steps. Use parenthesis.
O State units Ior the answer.
O Check answer. Compare results in SolidWorks.

Algebra and Geometry Applications for STEM

M Planchard-12-22-04 11
Solution Part 4: Determining Cost of the Mold Base.

%he retail company, XYZ-Jewelry, nc. requires a steel mold base to be designed and
manuIactured to create the bracelets. XYZ-Jewelry receives the Iollowing quotes Irom
their suppliers:

esign %ime: 20 hours
Machine Shop %ime: 40 hours

%he rate Ior esign %ime is $200/hour. %he rate Ior Machine Shop %ime is $150/hour.
%he Machine Shop %ime includes the material required to create the mold.

%he XYZ-Jewelry estimated $10,000 Ior the mold base. s this a good cost estimate?

a) What is the cost Ior the esign %ime?
20 hours`($200/hour) $4000
b) What is the cost Ior the Machine Shop %ime?
40 hours`($150/hour) $6000
c) What is the total cost Ior XYZ-Jewelry to obtain the mold base?
Total Cost $4000+$6000 10000


Solution Part 5: Determining Break Even Cost of the Bracelet.

n agent at XYZ-Jewelry needs to know how many bracelets the company must sell in
order to make a proIit. %he agent estimates the mold base to be $10,000. Each bracelet
costs $.10 to manuIacture, package and ship. %he bracelet sells Ior $1.00 each.

O etermine the proIit Ior each bracelet?
O etermine the number oI bracelets Ior the company to make a proIit aIter paying
Ior the mold base?

ProIit per bracelet: $1.00 - $.10 $.90.

%otal Cost: $10000

et x number oI bracelets

%otal Cost ProIit * x
10000 .90x

x 11111.1, on the 11112 bracelet the company will make a proIit.