Specimen ID: Keywords: Test Location: Test Date: Principal Investigator: Reference: Funding Source

UTA-FF free flange connection, composite floor slab Ferguson Laboratory University of Texas at Austin November 9, 1999 to January 11, 2000 Michael D. Engelhardt and Mark J. Venti Test of a Free Flange Connection with a Composite Floor Slab, Report No. SAC/BD-00/18, August 2000 FEMA/SAC Joint Venture, Phase II

CONNECTION DETAIL
Symmetric About C L 3/4" Doubler Plate (Near side only) A572 Gr. 50 Shear Tab 1-1/8" Thk. A572 Gr. 50 B.U. Bar to remain 3/8 o 30 E70T-6 B.U. bar to remain Remove weld tabs 3/8 o 30 5/16 E71T-8 Weld B.U. bar to column

A
5/8 E71T-8 W36x150 (A572 Gr. 50) weld on far side E71T-8

5/8

B
1/4 1" 10"

B
5/16

E71T-8 After root is cleaned and inspected E70T-6 Remove B.U. bar Remove weld tabs

30 o

1" x 5" Continuity Plates A572 Gr. 50 W14x398 (A572 Gr. 50)

3/8o 30 All shop welds: use E70 electrodes with minimum specified CVN = 20 ft.-lbs at -20 deg. F

W14x398 Column

Face of Column Flange see Detail 1 1/8" Shear Tab

Shear Tab

Shear Tab 1" 1-1/8"

PJP Fill in area between doubler and column

doubler plate 3/4" x 11-1/4" x 33-3/8" centered top to bottom and left to right between column flanges and continuity plates

1/4" 1" 10" 30 o

SECTION A-A

weld shear tab to column for top 10" and bottom 10" of shear tab (center 10" of shear tab is not welded)

DETAIL 1

B.U. Bar to remain 3/8 o 30

backgouge side with doubler plate

backgouge side with doubler plate 3/8 o 30

3/8 o 30

continuity plates 3/8 o 30

doubler plate 1" x 5" continuity plate

2" radius typ. W14x398 Column

column web

doubler plate

SECTION B-B

SECTION C-C

Face of Column Flange Shear Tab 1-1/8" Thk. A572 Gr. 50

Face of column flange 6" Flange of W36x150 beam 5"

8" 18" 30" 3"

Drill 1" dia. hole grind torch cut surfaces 3.5" 2.5" Beam web end 0.5" R

1" 1.5"

7.5" 6"

2 - 1" A325 Erection Bolts (Fully Tensioned)

Shear Tab Details

Free Flange Cut-Out Detail

MATERIAL PROPERTIES AND SPECIMEN DETAILS

Member
Beam

Size
W36x150

Grade

Yield Stress (ksi)

mill certs. 53.0 coupon tests 54.3 flange 59.4 web

Ultimate Strength (ksi)

mill certs. 70.0

coupon tests 68.8 flange A572 Gr. 50 72.1 web (w/ AISC Tech Bul #3) 53.0 51.0 flange 73.0 71.4 flange Column W14x398 A572 Gr. 48.0 web 70.8 web 50(w/ AISC Tech Bul #3) Welding Procedure All welds FCAW-SS in conformance with AWSD1.1-98. Beam flange CJP groove welds: Specification 3/32 E70T-6 electrode. Shear tab 1-1/8 thick trapazoidal shaped shear tab; welded to column with PJP groove welds; welded to beam web with 5/8 fillet welds. Panel zone 3/4 doubler plate on one side of column web; doubler plate located between continuity plates Continuity plates 1 continuity plates with CJP groove welds on three sides Boundary conditions double-sided test, 8-ft wide composite floor slab Other detailing slab constructed using 2deck with 3.5 topping; deck flutes perpendicular to W36x150 beams; 3/4 shear studs at 12centers; normal wt. concrete; comp. strength = 4200 psi, slab reinforced with #4 bars @12 in both directions

BACKGROUND
The objective of this test was to evaulate the strength, deformation capacity and contolling failure modes of the free flange connection for a large scale specimen with a composite floor slab. The connection for this specimen was designed by Profs. Subhash Goel and Bozidar Stojadinovic of the University of Michigan at Ann Arbor. Except as noted below, specimen loading followed the SAC specified protocol described in Appendix E of Report No. SAC/BD-97/02, Protocol for Fabrication, Inspection, Testing, and Documentation of Beam-Column Connection Tests and Other Experimental Specimens. The entire test was controlled by the story drift angle, which was defined as the displacement imposed at the tip of the column divided by the column height (=146). The specimen was loaded using the SAC protocol up through the 0.05 rad story drift angle cycles. Due to stroke limitations of the loading ram, loading could not be taken to the 0.06 rad cycles. Consequently, loading was continued at the 0.05 rad level up to failure of the specimen. The specimen sustained three complete cycles at the 0.05 rad story drift angle cycles (the 2 cycles required by the SAC protocol plus one additional cycle). Failure of the specimen occurred during the fourth cycle of loading at the 0.05 rad level. Throughout the loading history, the specimen was unloaded several times to permit repairs to the test equipment. These additional elastic unloading/loading cycles are not shown in the specimen loading or response plots.

TEST SET-UP

Column Lateral Support Hydraulic Loading Ram

Composite Floor 2 " deck with 3-1/2" topping ribs parallel to W36x150 beam 4000 psi normal wt. concrete Beam Lateral Support

6' - 1"

W14x398 (Gr. 50) 13' - 0" (TYP)

Beam Lateral Support

W36x150 (Gr. 50)

Rigid Link

6' - 1"

W14x22 Floor Beams (8' c-c) Rigid Link

12'-6"

12'-6"

DISPLACEMENT HISTORY AND KEY EXPERIMENTAL OBSERVATIONS Applied Displacement History Key Observations of the Test
Point 1
0.06 0.05 0.04 0.03 0.02 0.01 0 2 3 4 5

-0.01 -0.02 -0.03 -0.04

3
-0.05 -0.06
0 5 10 15 20 25 30

C cleN ber y um

Description Initial significant yielding occurred during the 0.015 rad drift cycles. Initial yielding was concentrated in the column panel zone, with some yielding of the beam flanges near the face of the column. In subsequent loading cycles, yielding continued in the column panel zone. Yielding of the beam flanges also continued, and extended farther from the face of the column. At the 0.03 rad drift cycles, some yielding was observed in the beam web, around the periphery of the shear tab. Significant yielding was observed on the column flanges, extending several inches above the bottom flange of the beam, and several inches below the top flange of the beam. Large panel zone shear distortions were visible. Very slight beam flange buckling was also observed during the 0.03 rad drift cycles. During the 0.04 rad drift cycles, small fractures were observed at the top and bottom of both shear tabs at the face of the column. These fractures were located at the interface of the PJP groove weld (between the shear tab and column flange) and the shear tab. Additionally, at the top of the shear tab for the south beam, a small fracture was observed in the column flange. In subsequent loading cycles (up to failure of the specimen), this fracture propagated in the column flange for a length of about 2 inches. The depth of this fracture appeared to be shallow, perhaps on the order of 1/4 to 3/8 inch. During the 0.05 rad drift cycles, small fractures were observed on the inside faces of the beam flanges at the toe of the free flange cuts (i.e. at the toe of the weld access holes). Small fractures were also observed on the bottom side of the bottom beam flanges, at the edge of the reinforcing fillets welds for the CJP welds. These fractures appeared to extend over the full width of the beam flanges. Additional mild flange buckling was observed during the 0.05 rad drift cycles. However, there was virtually no web buckling or lateral buckling visible on the beams. The specimen experienced no degradation of strength throughout the test, until final failure. During the 4th cycle of loading at 0.05 rad drift, the bottom flange of the north beam fractured. The entire flange fractured completely. The fracture occurred nearly instantly. The lower portion of the shear tab to column weld for the north beam also completely fractured. The fracture on the north beam bottom flange appeared to be within the beam base metal, in the region just outside of the CJP weld. The sudden failure of the north beam bottom flange caused significant damage to the test apparatus, so the test was terminated at this point. The south beam connection had not yet failed at this point. However, it appeared to be near to a similar failure as was experienced by the north beam.

Interstory Drift Angle (rad)

DETAILED TEST RESULTS

Quantity
Force/Displacement Properties

Maxima

Peak actuator force (kips): 562 Peak Column tip deformation (in.): 7.3 Experimental column tip yield displacement (in.) 1.5 Rotation Capacity Maximum plastic rotation North Connection (% radian): 3.3 Cumulative plastic rotation - North Connection (% radian): 95 Maximum plastic rotation South Connection (% radian): 3.3 Cumulative plastic rotation - South Connection (% radian): 95 Energy Dissipation Properties Cumulative energy dissipated (k-in.): 49790 Mode of failure: Fracture of the north beam bottom flange during 4th loading cycle at 0.05 rad interstory drift angle.

ACTUATOR FORCE-DISPLACEMENT RELATION

600 500 400 300

Column Tip Load (kips)

200 100 0 -100 -200 -300 -400 -500 -600 -8.0

-6.0

-4.0

-2.0

0.0

2.0

4.0

6.0

8.0

Column Tip Displacement (inches)

ACTUATOR FORCE-STORY DRIFT ANGLE RELATION

600 500 400 300

Column Tip Load (kips)

200 100 0 -100 -200 -300 -400 -500 -600 -0.06

-0.04

-0.02

0.00

0.02

0.04

0.06

Story Drift Angle (rad)

NORTH BEAM MOMENT-PLASTIC ROTATION RELATION

50000

North Beam Moment at Column Centerline (in-kips

40000 30000 20000 10000 0 -10000 -20000 -30000 -40000 -50000 -0.06

-0.04

-0.02

0.00

0.02

0.04

0.06

Plastic Rotation Due to Beam (rad)

SOUTH BEAM MOMENT-PLASTIC ROTATION RELATION

50000

South Beam Moment at Column Centerline (in-kips

40000 30000 20000 10000 0 -10000 -20000 -30000 -40000 -50000 -0.06

-0.04

-0.02

0.00

0.02

0.04

0.06

Plastic Rotation Due to Beam (rad)

PANEL ZONE NORTH BEAM MOMENT-PLASTIC ROTATION RELATION

50000

North Beam Moment at Column Centerline (in-kips

40000 30000 20000 10000 0 -10000 -20000 -30000 -40000 -50000 -0.06

-0.04

-0.02

0.00

0.02

0.04

0.06

Plastic Rotation Due to Panel Zone (rad)

PANEL ZONE SOUTH BEAM MOMENT-PLASTIC ROTATION RELATION

50000

South Beam Moment at Column Centerline (in-kips

40000 30000 20000 10000 0 -10000 -20000 -30000 -40000 -50000 -0.06

-0.04

-0.02

0.00

0.02

0.04

0.06

Plastic Rotation Due to Panel Zone (rad)

DISCUSSION
Overall, this specimen showed very good performance, sustaining three full cycles of loading at 0.05 rad interstory drift angle prior to failure. Plastic rotations developed by each of the two connections were 0.033 rad. Failure of this specimen occurred suddenly during the 4th loading cycle at 0.05 rad. interstory drift angle, by complete fracture of the north beam bottom flange. The fracture appeared to be contained almost entirely in the beam base metal, in the region just outside of the CJP groove weld. The large panel zone shear distortions observed in this specimen may have contributed to this fracture by causing localized kinking at the panel zone corners. The specimen experienced no strength degradation prior to failure. To the contrary, the specimen was still hardening at the point of failure. This very stable hysteretic response may be partially due to the dominant role of panel zone yielding in the overall inelastic response of the specimen. The beams in this specimen experienced bending moments at the face of the column that were well in excess of the plastic moment. Despite these high moments, the beams exhibited very little instability. There were no visible signs of web buckling or lateral torsional buckling. Only very mild flange buckling was observed. The composite slab may have contributed to the stability of the beam. The very heavy and large shear tab may have also assisted in restraining web buckling. The free flange design appears to have performed in a very effective manner. Some modification may be needed in the design of the shear tab. Small fractures were observed at the top and bottom of each shear tab at the face of the column, one of which propagated into the column flange for a short distance. For this specimen, however, these small fractures ultimately had no effect on overall performance.

PHOTOS AFTER THE TESTING

North Beam

South Beam

Overall View of Connection Region at End of Test

View of Fractured Bottom Flange of North Beam

Beam Flange

Column Flange

View Looking Up at Fractured Bottom Flange of North Beam