EMBEDDED SYSTEMS UNIT 1 SHORT ANSWERS 1. Define system 2. Define embedded systems 3.

Differentiate hard real time and soft real time systems 4. Differentiate CISC from RISC 5. Define watchdog timer 6. state serial peripheral interface 7. what is I2C bus 8. Define debug port 9. State communication interface 10. Define power supply unit 11. State the categories of embedded system with example 12. List the tools required for cross platform development 13. Define cross compiler and cross assembler 14. Define cross linker 15. define cross debugger LONG ANSWERS 1. Differentiate general purpose computing and embedded system 2. List the various application areas of E.S with example 3. What are the different categories of E.S & give example for each of it 4. What are the special considerations in designing E.S 5. List the important building blocks of an E.S 6. Explain briefly about the advances (recent trends) in E.S 7. Explain the CPU architecture of an E.S 8. Explain the internal architecture of a processor 9. List different types of memory & explain it 10. Explain the I\O devices of an E.S 11. Briefly explain the services provided by an O.S 12. Briefly explain the architecture of embedded O.S 13. Explain the TCP/IP protocol suite 14. Explain the process of generating an executable image for E.S 15. Explain the development/testing tools UNIT 2 SHORT ANSWERS 1. Give some data types used in programming of an ES 2. Differentiate between data type promotions & demotions 3. Give short notes on bit fields 4. Define de-reference operator 5. State the address of operator 6. State union 7. Why programming in assembly is necessary

8. Mention scratch registers in C 9. Define offset address 10. Define scope and lifetime 11. State different types of memory allocation in C 12. Define fragmentation 13. Define memory allocation pools 14. Define reentrant function 15. what is shared global and private data 16. List out the features of productivity tools 17. why device drivers are used 18. what is revision control LONG ANSWERS 1. Discuss about manipulating bits in memory 2. Discuss about manipulating bits in I/O ports 3. Explain how do we access an memory mapped I/O devices 4. Explain the concept of structure 5. Explain briefly about instruction sequencing 6. Explain briefly about parameter passing and retrieving parameters 7. Write short notes on automatic allocation and static allocation 8. Distinguish static from automatic allocation with example 9. Explain briefly about dynamic allocation 10. Discuss how to access a shared memory UNIT 3 SHORT ANSWERS 1. Why PIC instruction set is known as orthogonal 2. Why PIC program memory is 14 bit wide 3. State instruction pipelining in PIC 4. Give the difference between PIC machine cycle with Intel 8051 5. Give the different methods of clocking in PIC 6. What do you mean by pre-scaling of PIC 7. Define Brown out reset 8. Define watchdog timer 9. State power on reset 10. What are the I/O ports available in PIC LONG ANSWERS 1. Briefly explain about the architecture of PIC 2. Give short notes on PIC memory organization 3. Explain briefly about PIC instruction and addressing modes 4. Explain briefly about interrupts in PIC 5. Briefly explain about PIC timers 6. Give short notes on PIC ADCs

UNIT 4 SHORT ANSWERS 1. State various kernel objects 2. Define kernel 3. Define task and task 4. Define reentrant & non reentrant function 5. Define ISR 6. What is interrupt latency 7. What is interrupt recovery time 8. What is the difference between semaphore and mutex 9. State the difference between preemptive and non preemptive multitasking 10. State the difference between static and dynamic priority assignment 11. Define event register 12. Define timers LONG ANSWERS 1. Explain briefly about the following a) Task states b) Context switching c) Rate Monotonic Analysis 2. Briefly explain the algorithms used for scheduling the tasks. 3. Explain how a semaphore can be used for inter-task synchronization 4. Explain the use of message queues, mailboxes, pipes & signals. 5. Explain briefly about memory management 6. Explain how a priority inversion problem occurs & how it can be solved UNIT 5 1. Use of c-OS II 2. Case study on smart card 3. Case study on adaptive cruise control 4. Case study on chocolate vending machine