Analytical Exposition An analytical exposition is a type of spoken or written text that is intended to persuade the listeners or readers that

something is the case. To make the persuasion stronger, the speaker or writer gives some arguments as the fundamental reasons why something is the case. This type of text can be found in scientific books, journals, magazines, newspaper articles, academic speech or lectures, research report etc. Analytical expositions are popular among science, academic community and educated people. The generic structure of analytical exposition usually has three components: (1) Thesis, (2) Arguments and (3) Reiteration or conclusion. A.Generic Structure of Analytical Exposition 1. Thesis : Introduces the topic and shows speaker or writers position; Outlines of the arguments are presented. 2. Arguments : It consists about Point and Elaboration Point, states the main argument Elaboration, develops and supports each point of argument 3. Conclusion : Reiteration (restatement), restates speaker or writers position B. Generic Features An analytical exposition focuses on generic human and non human participants. It uses mental processes. It is used to state what the writer or speaker thinks or feels about something. For example: realize, feel etc. It uses emotive and evaluative words It often needs material processes. It is used to state what happens, e.g. .has polluted etc. It usually uses Simple Present Tense and Present Perfect Tense. Enumeration is sometimes necessary to show the list of given arguments: Firstly, secondly , Finally, etc. Now look the sample of analytical exposition below! Corruption and Indonesian Culture Corruption has happened for many years and today it becomes a bad culture in Indonesia for three reasons Most adult Indonesian or foreigners have known and admitted that corruptions happen in many places. The daily newspapers, news programs on TV and radio have reported corruptions are done everywhere, almost in all departments or public services of this country. Corruptions happen in health, education departments and banks. When we manage to get some documents in public service offices, we usually need much money to pay. Manipulations happen everywhere The actions to eliminate corruption are weak. The ever stronger culture seems not to come to an end when the responsible institutions who have to reinforce the justice today commit corruption. This is the worst. Corruptions happen in police department, courts where judges, public prosecutors, lawyers make deals to do corruption. All of us also heard in the end of 2004, Probosutejo reported that he had bribed the Supreme Court, or called Mahkamah Agung which becomes the highest level where the justice can be obtained. Perhaps you have to try to come to the local courts and see what happen there. You will see practices of bribery and other kinds of corruption. Therefore, we can say that corruptions becomes our culture. Do you like it? The citizens have no goodwill to fight against the corruption. They create the situations in which people have opportunities to do corruptions. The citizens like to break the rules because they are not disciplined. For example, in the street when they drive a car or ride motorcycle, they do not have the driving license or necessary documents. Then, they are caught by the local policemen. To avoid

more difficulties, they like to bribe the officer. The officer let them go then. In other words, the citizens and officers are the same, doing corruption together. If only the people were critical, disciplined, and obey the rules, and willing to report any wrong behaviors, this country will not be number one corrupting country in the world. conclusion Based on the reasons, we can conclude that corruption is becoming a bad culture in Indonesia if it is not ended soon by all of us. It seems that there must be more severe penalty for the corruptors. Do we still care about the future of this country? Written by Cahyono More information: Emotive language adds strong description to the facts and so help to create an extremely subjective tone of the text. It plays a role in persuading the readers toward the writers opinion e.g. Most adult Indonesian, Evaluative language is another way to persuade people agree with the writers opinion e.g. This is the worst, Its true, Its important, Its clear, I believe, It is obvious that etc. Read the following text! The Importance of English Thesis { I personally think that English is the worlds most important language. Why do I say that? Argument 1 { Firstly, English is an international language. It is spoken by many people all around the world, either as a first or second language. Argument 2 { Secondly, English is also the key which opens doors to scientific and technical knowledge, which is needed for the economic and political development of many countries in the world. Argument 3 { Thirdly, English is a top requirement of those seeking jobs. Applicants who master either active or passive English are more favorable than those who do not. Conclusion { From the fact above, it is obvious that everybody needs to learn English to greet the global era. Notes: Enumerations such as Firstly, secondly, thirdly etc are sometimes given to show the list of given arguments Present Tense: I think, English is international language, Everybody needs to learn English etc.

To make clear understand these notes: ANALYTICAL EXPOSITION Purpose : to persuade by presenting arguments to analyze or explain how and why Text Organization : A thesis Arguments Reiteration or Conclusion Language Features : Emotive words (e.g. worried, alarmed etc) Words that qualify statements (e.g. usual, Probably etc) Words that link arguments (e.g. firstly, However, therefore etc) Camping is fun Camping, this is another fun activity in school holidays. Why do I say that? Firstly, camping activities can make you learn to survive in nature, which is like cook. You cant buy fried chicken or Padang Rice at nature. You must cook for your own self. You cant cook rice with rice cooker. You must cook rice with a pan, which in Sundanese called ngaliwet. Secondly, you can learn to love and keep your environment. In nature, dont throw away the rubbish anywhere! You have to collect your own rubbish and put it in to a big plastic bag. Thirdly, its cheaper than should fill your holidays to Dufan or Sea World. You just have to choose a beautiful place around you. There are many kind beautiful places around our environment. Dont go camping alone. Bring your family or friends and make your camping pretty fun. Therefore, camping is a good activity in school holidays.

SOAL The importance of Reading I personally think that reading is a very important activity in our life. Why do I say so? Firstly, by reading we can get a lot of knowledge about many things in the world such as Science, technology. Sports, arts, culture, etc written in either books, magazine, newspaper, etc. Secondly, by reading we can get a lot of news and information about something happening in any parts of the world which can we see directly. Another reason, reading can give us pleasure too. When we are tired, we read books, newspaper or magazine on the entertainment coloumn such as comedy, short story, quiz, etc. To make us relaxed. The last, reading can also take us to other parts of the world. By reading a book about Irian Jaya we may feel were really sitting in the jungles not at home in our rooms. From the facts above, its obvious that everyone needs to read to get knowledge, information and also entertainment. Or in summary we can say reading is truly important in our life.

1. a) b) c) d) e)

Why is reading very important in our life? Because.. By reading, we can get a lot of friends, relatives, experience, etc. By reading, we can get little knowledge but a lot of entertainment. By reading, we are always relaxed. By reading, we are always happy. By reading we can get a lot of knowledge, news, information and entertainment

2. a) b) c) d) e)

If we want to get knowledge, what should we do? buy a lot of books borrow a lot of books look for newspaper and magazine sell and buy many expensive books Read a lot of books and other printed materials.

3. a) b) c) d) e)

What does the text tell us about? The description of reading The function of reading The importance of reading The disadvantages of reading The purpose of reading

4. a) b) c) d) e)

What is the social function of the text? To tell a story To describe the reader To entertain the reader To give information To persuade the reader

a) b) c) d) e)

5. 1 2 3 4 5

Paragraph. In the text is the thesis.

Smoking in restaurants Smoking in restaurants is just not on. It must not be allowed because it is rude, harmful to others and dangerous for the smokers. Firstly, smoking in a restaurant is impolite. The smell of the smoke affects all people and can turn them off their food. People pay to taste good food and not to be put off by foul smelling smoke. Another reason smoking should not be allowed in restaurant is the harm it can do to others. Passive smoking that is breathing in smoke made by a smoker can lead to asthma attacks and even cancer. Finally, smoking is dangerous and a health risk to the smokers. Cigarettes cause heart and lung disease and people should not smoke anywhere, not just in restaurants.

Therefore, smoking in restaurants is impolite, harmful to others and a health risk to the smokers and should not be allowed in any restaurants.

1. a) b) c) d) e)

Smoking in the restaurants must be avoided because It is harmful to others It is impolite Its dangerous to the smokers It can cause hearth and lung disease All answers are correct

2. a) b) c) d) e)

We have many reasons to say that smoking must be avoided. The word reasons mean.. conclusion point of view argument reinforcement statement

3. Since we can find a thesis, arguments and reiteration in the text, so we can conclude that this text belongs to.. a) b) c) d) e) description narration anecdote procedure analytical exposition

4. a)

What is the purpose of the text? To inform the readers to the readers

b) c) d) e)

To persuade to the readers To describe to the readers To tell a story to the readers To argue about smoking to the readers

5. a) b) c) d) e)

The synonym of the word dangerous in the text is rude impolite health risk harmful disease

6. Smoking in restaurants is just not on. It must not be allowed because it is rude, harmful to others and dangerous for the smokers. The sentence above characterize as.. of the text. a) b) c) d) e) thesis arguments reiteration topic sentence supporting details

7. a) b) c) d)

Smoking in restaurant should not be allowed. It means that.. people should do smoking in restaurant people should not do smoking in restaurant people must not smoking in restaurant people must not smoke in restaurant

e)

people should smoke in restaurant

Dust Bins To improve comfort and cleanliness at our school, a number of dust bins should be increased. When we look at classrooms, school corridors and school yard, there are paper mineral water cups, straws, and napkins here and there. The condition of uncleanliness and discomfort really hinders learning and teaching environment. Litters thrown carelessly cause disease, especially empty plastic cup or glasses. They can be filled out with water coming from the rain. This can be placed for dengue mosquitoes to spread out. Besides, these rubbish can deteriorate the scene. Well painted wall and green school yard do not mean anything litters are scattered everywhere. Anyway I notice that most of the students in our school have responsibilities for the school environment. They put their litters on the proper places. But some are not diligent enough to find the dust bins. The numbers of dust binds in our schools are not enough. Ore dust bins should be put beside each of steps, outside of the classrooms, and some more also the corridors. Probably one dust bin should be in every ten meters. So when students want to throw away their litters, they can find the dust bins easily. When school is equipped with sufficient dust bins, we do not have problems of freak and discomfort any more. Our school will be very clean and become a nice place to study.

1. a) b) c) d) e)

What is the writers intention? To .. readers to do something good. inform explain describe entertain persuade

2. a) b) c) d) e)

According to the writer, more dust bins.. in every ten meters. should be decorated should be painted should be placed are unnecessary are not required

3. a) b) c) d) e)

What is the writers argument on a sufficient number of dust bins? They can prevent litters They can save janitors energy Students are asked to clean them They make school environment neat Students can throw garbage away easily

4. a) b) c) d) e)

What is the writers suggestion? To buy more dustbins To hire more gardeners To use dustbins efficiently To ask parents to give more dustbins To ask students to clean the school yard

Learning English Learning English through music and songs can be very enjoyable. You can mix pleasure with learning when you listen to a song and exploit the song as a means to your English progress. Some underlying reason can be drawn to support the idea why we use songs in language learning. Firstly, the song stuck in my head Phenomenon (the echoing in our minds of the last song we heard after leaving a restaurant, shopping malls, etc) can be both enjoyable and sometimes unnerving. This phenomenon also seems to reinforce the idea that songs work on our short-and-long term memory. Secondly, songs in general also use simple conversational language, with a lot of repetition, which is just what many learners look for sample text. The fact that they are effective makes them many times more motivating than other text. Although usually simple, some songs can be quite complex syntactically, lexically and poetically, and can be analyzed in the same way as any other literary sample. Furthermore, song can be appropriated by listener for their own purpose. Most pop songs and probably many other types dont have precise people, place or time reference. In addition, songs are relaxing. They provide variety and fun, and encourage harmony within oneself and within one group. Little wonder they are important tools in sustaining culture, religion, patriotism and yeas, even revolution.

Last but not least, there are many learning activities we can do with songs such as studying grammar, practicing selective listening comprehension, translating songs, learning vocabulary, spelling and culture. From the elaboration above, it can be concluded that learning through music and songs, learning English can be enjoyable and fun.

1. a) b) c) d) e)

The type of the text above is Analytical exposition Hortatory exposition Narrative Discussion Explanation

2. a) b) c) d) e)

What is the communicative purpose of the text? To tell the reader about the songs To entertain the reader with the songs To show the reader the use of songs To explain above the songs To persuade the reader to use songs in learning language

3. a) b) c) d) e)

The generic structures of the text are . Thesis arguments recommendation General statement sequential explanation Newsworthy events background events sources Thesis arguments reiteration General statement arguments

4.

What is the text about .

a) b) c) d) e)

Learning songs Very enjoyable music The phenomenon Music listeners Using songs in language learning

5. a) b) c) d) e)

Based on the text, there are reason for using songs in learning language 6 4 5 3 2

6.

They provide variety and fun, and encourage harmony within oneself and within one group.

The underlined word refers to . a) b) c) d) e) Groups Learners People Songs Activities

Facebook Bringing on Addicted Now is technological period and modern day. So definitely you all have a facebook, a communication media to help you connect with other friends. The feature in this facebook is so multifarious such as chatting, posting wall to your friend, sent a message, and so on. It is so fun if we have a facebook because we can chatting and communicate with our friends. But if we forget our jobs, we can lose our time without result. Thats why many students can addict by facebook.

Therefore, we all as students have to make a schedule in order to our time dont lose without result because facebook can make us addict. We dont feel we spent 5 until 8 hours to do something on facebook. Facebook is good enough but we must watch over our own time to do other jobs. Bike for School In this large city such as Jakarta, there is much pollution that can damage our health. So we need some programs which are can bring down that pollution. One of those programs is biking bike. We as a student must to helped government to perform this program. Yes we must biking bike to go to school everyday to decrease the pollutions. And what is more, biking bike to school is making our body healthier. Thats the reason why a lot of students in other large city had started this program. If we bikes our bicycle to school everyday can decrease pollutions which is from cigarettes, vehicle, and so on. So we must perform this project before our own world can hotter than this situation.