Vert tical M Machin ning Centre

Mohak P Patel

1 1th November, 2011 9003045 9

Aim
Und derstand the principle, capabilities of VMC. e s Iden ntify various technical specification of VMC . s s n Iden ntify differen subsystems of VMC nt C. Und derstand wo orking of AT TC. Stud part CNC programm dy C ming (G & M Codes). Prepare part pr rogram. Op perate VMC .

Theor ry
In CNC VMC the s C slides are dr riven by AC servo moto through recalculati ng ball scre & nut C ors h ew assemb blies. The p positioning information coded in CNC part pro ogram is de ecoded by the CNC t controller and the slides is moved to the programm position at the req m e med quired feed rate. A d feedbac device m ck mounted eith at the sllide or at the servomotor measure the displa her e es acement or posi ition of the slide. Th measure and the target po e he ed e osition is c compared and the a servosy ystem ensures that the correct po e ositioning is achieved to make this error near Zero. s rly AC mot is emplo tor oyed to obta infinite v ain variation of speed over a wide rang of speed s ge ds.

s h column ma anufactured out of ca asting. The saddle e VMC is built with massive bed and c manufa actured out of fabricatio Adequat on. tely ribbed table and spindle carriier are mad out of s de close g grain structu and are stress rellieved. This machine is having e ure e s excellent sta and atic dynamic rigidity. Orientation of the machiine spindle is, o horizontal m movement = X axis Table, h Saddle, horizontal movement = Y axis , Spindle carrier, ver e rtical movem ment = Z ax xis

CNC Part Programming A part program is designed to control: Dimensional instructions that move and position the tool to produce the required profile & feature. The rates of metal removal and speed of positioning as determined by the surface speed and federates. The auxiliary functions of the machine such as coolant, tool changes and program stops.

Programming can be done using following inputs: G & M codes APT codes CAD drawings

G & M codes The tool path of the CNC machine is then described in machine codes, which usually take the form N-G-X-Y-Z-I-J-K-F-S-T-M Where, N G XYZIJK F S T M Sequence number of instructions (Block No) Preparatory function (Path function) Co-ordinate and angular data Feed Spindle Speed Tool turret position Miscellaneous function

Some common G & M codes are: G00 G01 G02 G03 G70 G71 G90 G91 M03 M04 M05 M30 Rapid Movement Linear Movement Clockwise Movement Anticlockwise Movement Dimensions in mm Dimensions in inch Absolute Coordinate System Incremental Coordinate System Spindle Start Clockwise Spindle Start Anticlockwise Spindle Stop End of Program

Codes s
Profile 1:

Code fo profile 1 or N001 G G71 G90 N002 G X0 Y0 Z G54 Z0 N003 M S1000 M03 N004 G Z5 G00 N005 G Z-0.4 F100 G01 N006 G X50 G01 N007 G X50 Y50 I0 J25 G03 N008 G X0 Y50 G01 N009 G X0 Y0 G01 N010 G GO1 Z20 N011 G Z5 M05 G00 5 N012 M M30 Profile 2:

Code for profile 2N001 G90 G71 N002 G54 X0 Y0 Z0 N003 M03 S1000 N004 G00 Z5 N005 G01 Z-0.4 F100 N006 G01 X50 Y0 N007 G01 X50 Y20 N008 G01 X70 Y20 N009 G01 X70 Y50 N010 GO1 X40 Y60 N011 G03 X0 Y60 I20 J N012 G01 X0 Y0 N013 GO1 Z20 N014 G00 Z5 M05 N015 M30

Result
The basic operation of VMC and codes for basic profiles was understood.

Precautions
The tool should be brought down slowly along the z-axis to prevent damage to the tool tip The program should be test run first at some height above the workpiece.