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ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION
The various high rate anaerobic systems that have been discussed, are
A) Standard rate digesters
B) Fixed bed reactor
C) UASB reactor
D) Fluidized bed reactor.
It is difficult to evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of each
system in relation to other concepts, as generalization are not usually
valuable in practice following considerations are important.
1) Purification rates
2) Loading rates
3) Investment costs
4) Energy balance
5) Space requirement
6) Operational costs
Anaerobic Digestion Technology
PROCESS DESCRIPTION
GAS PRODUCTION
So = ultimate BOD
The total production is usually estimated from the volatile solids loading
of the digester or from the percentage of volatile solids reduction. Gas
production can fluctuate over a wide range, depending upon the volatile solids
content of sludge & biological activity in the digester.
Excessive gas production rate sometimes occur during startup period,
and may cause foaming, and escape of foam & gas from around the edges
of floating digester covers. If stable operating conditions have been achieved
and the foregoing gas production rates are being maintained, it is assured that
the result will be a well-digested sludge
Anaerobic Digestion Technology
(B) High rate digestion process: In this process, the sludge intimately
mixed by gas recirculation, pumping or by mixers and the temperature is
maintained to obtain high digestion rates. With the exceptions of high loading
rates and improved mixing there are few differences between standard rate
digestion and high rate digestion process. The high rate digestion reactors are
being developed, some of them are
Anaerobic Digestion Technology
Although pulp and paper mill effluent is a prime candidate for this
technique, instance of its use is limited .One, reason is the presence of toxic
components in the effluent, which results in non-adaptation of the
microorganisms. Identifying cultures that can adapt toxic components in the
effluent may be one of the solutions for the above problem.
Anaerobic Digestion Technology
Besides several incentives and subsidy’s, the following tax benefits are
applicable to bio methenation projects:
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
1. Metcalf & Reddy inc. Waste water engineering ,Mc Graw Hill New
York 1972.
Websites :-
1) www.energy.ca.gov/dev/anaerobic.html
2) www.teriin.org/digestion.html
3) www.climatetechnology.com
4) www.synargo.com
5) www.epa.gov/workshop.html