BIOL121-001 Exam #1 (Unit 1: Chapters 1 - 8) Name___________________________________________

February 16, 2009 Student CLID number____________________________________

This exam contains 50 multiple choice questions. Each question is worth 2 points. Please choose the single BEST answer that completes the statement or answers the question. You have 75 minutes to complete this exam. Only the blue Apperson scantron (form ABF-AE100 alpha) will be accepted. Please write your full name and student CLID number on the lines above AND on your scantron. 1) All of the following are components of the modern cell theory except A) The smallest living organisms are single cells, and cells are the functional units of multicellular organisms. B) Bacterial cells are eukaryotic. C) All cells arise from pre-existing cells. D) All living organisms are made up of one or more cells. E) All of these are true. 2) The replacement electrons for the reaction center of photosystem II come from A) NADPH. B) O2. C) glucose. D) photosystem I. E) H2O. 3) The portion of aerobic respiration that produces the most ATP per molecule of glucose is A) chemiosmosis. B) the citric acid cycle. C) glycolysis. D) lactic acid fermentation. E) alcohol fermentation. 4) Which of the following relationships between cell structures and their respective functions is NOT correct? A) ribosomes site of protein synthesis B) cell wall support and protection C) mitochondria formation of ATP for the cell D) chloroplasts chief site of cellular respiration E) nucleus site of genetic control of information 5) The three natural processes that form the basis for evolution are A) predation, genetic variation, and natural selection B) mutation, genetic variation, and adaptation C) genetic variation, inheritance, and natural selection D) adaptation, natural selection, and inheritance 6) Glucose is made during which of the following reactions? A) light-independent reactions only B) light-dependent reactions only C) both light dependent and independent reactions D) neither the light or dark reactions 1 3) 1)

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7) The cellular organelle of eukaryotic organisms which is responsible for photosynthetic activity is the A) chloroplast. B) mitochondrion. C) endoplasmic reticulum. D) nucleus. E) ribosome. 8) Phospholipids are unusual and important to cell structure because A) they have a polar and a nonpolar end. B) they are part of DNA. C) they are found only in animals. D) they are an important energy carrier molecule. E) they contain fatty acids. 9) Polar molecules A) have an overall negative electric charge. B) have an unequal distribution of electric charge. C) have an equal distribution of electric charge. D) are ions. E) have an overall positive electric charge. 10) Which of the following is common to both fermentation and cellular respiration? A) electron transport B) glycolysis C) conversion of pyruvate to Acetyl CoA D) reduction of pyruvate into lactate E) Krebs cycle 11) Choose the correct pathway of information ow in the cell. A) ER DNA Golgi protein B) ER DNA RNA protein C) DNA RNA protein D) RNA DNA protein 12) ATP is an energy carrier. Where is the energy actually located? A) attached to the phosphate group B) inside the phosphate C) in the bonds between phosphate groups D) between the sugar and the phosphate E) attached to the nucleotide 13) You place a paper clip on the surface of a bowl of water. You observe that the paper clip remains suspended on the surface. This is due to the A) polarity of the water. B) fact the water is a good solvent. C) surface tension of the water. D) density of the water.

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14) An ________ chemical reaction releases energy while an ________ reactions requires an input of energy. A) exergonic; endergonic B) enzymatic; endergonic C) endergonic; enzymatic D) endergonic; exergonic E) equilibrium; exergonic 15) Francesco Redi designed an experiment to test the notion of spontaneous generation. In his experiment, he left the rst jar of meat open to the air and covered the second jar. The rst jar would be called the A) conclusive jar. B) experimental jar. C) control jar. D) hypothetical jar. 16) All the following are important functions of the cytoskeleton EXCEPT A) maintenance of organization in the cell. B) movement of organelles. C) storage of food molecules. D) maintenance of shape. E) support of organelles. 17) C3 plants are adapted to ________ conditions, while C4 plants are adapted to ________ environmental conditions. A) high light; low light B) temperate; cool and rainy C) dry; wet D) drought; rainy E) wet; dry 18) What structural feature of a leaf allows a leaf to obtain CO2 from the air? A) chloroplast B) epidermis C) mesophyll D) cuticle E) stomata 19) Phosphorus has an atomic number of fteen, so what will be the distribution of its electrons? A) The rst energy level will have eight and the second will have seven. B) The rst, second, and third energy levels will each have ve electrons. C) The rst energy level will have two and the second will have thirteen. D) The rst energy level will have two, the second will have eight, and the third will have ve. E) Electron arrangement cannot be determined from the atomic number.

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20) Your instructor tells you that dehydration synthesis involves the removal of a hydrogen ion and the removal of a hydroxyl (OH-) group. She calls on you and asks you to determine what happens next. What should you say? A) A large biological molecule is split apart. B) A monosaccharide is released. C) The hydrogen ion and hydroxyl group interact to form water. D) The hydrogen ion immediately becomes an isotope. 21) Which of these macromolecule contains coded genetic information? A) carbohydrates B) nucleic acids C) lipids

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22) The basic difference between a prokaryotic cell and a eukaryotic cell is that the prokaryotic cell A) lacks DNA. B) is structurally more complex. C) is usually considerably larger. D) lacks a nuclear envelope. E) possesses membrane-bound organelles. 23) Researchers have been able to study the pathway of a secreted protein by "tagging" it with a uorescent marker. Using this method, you would observe uorescence moving from the ER to which organelle? A) mitochondria B) lysosome C) Golgi complex D) nuclear membrane E) plasma membrane 24) Which of the following processes involve(s) citric acid? A) glycolysis B) Krebs cycle C) ETS D) all of these E) none of these 25) What is the ultimate source of energy for most forms of life on Earth? A) heat energy B) chemical energy C) nuclear energy D) thermal energy E) solar energy 26) Organisms contain thousands of different proteins composed of ________ different amino acids. A) 1000 B) 100 C) 20 D) approx. 5000 E) 4

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27) Which of the following requires ATP? A) active transport B) facilitated diffusion C) diffusion D) A and B E) B and C 28) Which of the following most closely matches the correct order of main events of cellular respiration? A) glycolysis, Krebs cycle, electrons transport system, major ATP production B) Krebs cycle, electron transport, major ATP production, glycolysis C) glycolysis, major ATP production, pyruvate enters mitochondrion, electron transport, Krebs cycle D) glycolysis, pyruvate enters mitochondrion, Krebs cycle, major ATP production, electron transport E) major ATP production, pyruvate enters mitochondrion, Krebs cycle, electron transport 29) An atom's nucleus is composed of A) neutrons. B) neutrons and electrons. C) protons and electrons. D) protons and neutrons. E) protons. 30) Which of the following correctly matches an organic polymer with its respective monomers? A) DNA and ATP B) carbohydrates and polysaccharides C) protein and amino acids D) hydrocarbon and monosaccharides E) lipid and steroids 31) Which of the following will bind to the active site of an enzyme? A) substrate B) competitive inhibitor C) non competitive inhibitor D) allosteric inhibitor E) Both A and B are correct. 32) The main difference between an autotroph and a heterotroph is A) how they obtain energy. B) the placement of their organelles. C) how they respond to stimuli. D) how they reproduce. 33) What prevents your immune system from attacking your own cells? A) fever B) receptor proteins C) recognition proteins D) cholesterol E) inadequate enzymes

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34) If a substance measures 7 on the pH scale, that substance A) has equal concentration of H+ and OH- ions. B) probably lacks OH- ions. C) has greater concentration of OH- than H+ ions. D) may be lemon juice. E) is basic. 35) Specialized cell junctions include A) gap junctions. B) desmosomes. C) tight junctions. D) A, B, and C E) A and B 36) The ________ portion of the cell membrane is responsible for the isolating functions of the membrane, while the ________ portion regulates exchange and communication with the environment. A) lipid; protein B) protein; cholesterol C) nucleic acid; lipid D) carbohydrate; lipid E) cholesterol; lipid 37) Which of the following may possess primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary structure? A) proteins B) nucleic acids C) lipids D) carbohydrates 38) An organism's ability to maintain internal stability when the external environment changes is termed A) homeostasis. B) natural selection. C) responsiveness. D) metabolism. E) mutation. 39) Natural selection is dened as A) a faith-based assertion that cannot be falsied B) the process by which organisms quickly die and thus do not pass on their genes C) the process by which organisms with specic traits that help them cope with the rigors of their environment reproduce more successfully than do others that lack these traits D) the process by which deoxyribonucleic acid, or DNA is synthesized 40) During the process of photosynthesis, solar energy is converted into A) nuclear energy. B) mechanical energy. C) chemical energy. D) thermal energy. E) heat energy.

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41) All cells possess all the following components EXCEPT A) cytoplasm. B) ribosomes. C) genetic material. D) plasma cell membrane. E) nuclear membrane. 42) End products of biosynthetic pathways often act to block the initial step in that pathway. This phenomenon is called A) allosteric activation. B) substrate activation. C) denaturation. D) feedback inhibition. E) irreversible inhibition. 43) The concept of evolution is based upon A) all genetic variation in a population is equally successful. B) survival and reproductive success of organisms with favorable variations. C) inheritance of variations by offspring of parents with the variations. D) genetic variation within a population. E) all of the above 44) Beaker A has a 10% sucrose solution, and beaker B has an 8% sucrose solution. Choose the correct statement. A) Beaker A is isotonic to Beaker B. B) Beaker B is hypertonic to Beaker B. C) Beaker B is hypotonic the Beaker A. D) Beaker A is hypertonic to Beaker B. E) Both C and D are correct. 45) A scientic explanation that is tentative and requires more investigation is termed a/an A) theory. B) fact. C) control. D) observation. E) hypothesis. 46) Which of the following best explains the attraction of water molecules to each other? A) polar covalent bond B) nonpolar covalent bond C) electron-proton interaction D) hydrogen bond E) ionic bond 47) Energy that is not converted to useful energy is usually given off as A) light. B) heat. C) entropy. D) electricity. E) radioactivity. 7

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48) O2 and CO2 enter or leave a plant cell by A) diffusion. B) facilitated transport. C) facilitated diffusion. D) active transport. E) osmosis. 49) Products of the fermentation process can include A) lactic acid. B) carbon dioxide. C) ethanol. D) all of the above E) none of the above 50) What is the nal electron acceptor in cellular respiration? A) NADH B) FADH2 C) oxygen D) ATP E) carbon dioxide

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