GOLF CLUB

INTRODUCTION

Golf is a sport of leisure . It basically involves striking a ball

as few times as possible with a set of clubs over a green course into 9, 18 or 36

holes. It excludes physical stress and allows the golfer a leisurely walk across the

cushiony green subjecting him to long exposures to the fresh air and environment

of the course. As a result the sport is a favorite among ladies and the old

strata of society and in that sense long lasting as a hobby.

Golf is an addiction. It is a passion which transcends across

adolescence, youth, middle and old age. Picked up early in life, it forms an

integral part of one's routine for many- many years. And yet it requires facilities

which an individual can neither physically possess nor afford. Hence, it calls for

a collective approach and shared ownership as members of a "club as an

instrument of social interaction for all people brought together for purposes of

recreation through golf at a premises for the same”. Yet this club would be

distinct from any other meant for purposes other than Golf.

Even though a Golf Club may offer diverse sporting facilities

it is widely different from any other sport’s club catering to tennis etc. This is

owing primarily to the specific focus op Golf and demands of the sport. Even the

provision for other sports in such a case remains secondary in terms of cost,

design and maintenance and ancillary to the Golfing facilities. Golf Clubs,

therefore, acquire the status of a very specific subject.

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Golf requires specialized equipment, large sites, high

maintenance and limited number of golfers. The restricted membership, high

capital and maintenance costs have led to the segregation of Golf clubs as

distinctly elite set-ups.

EVOLUTION

Golf courses originated and existed for some while without

the need for golf pavilions. However, the popularity of the game caused golfers to

formulate and observe rules and run competitions. Hence the first Golf pavilions

catered to a limited number of people; providing the basic facilities of changing

areas comparising lavatories, an equipment purchase area and a social area.

With the steady decline of working hours in the 20th century

the time available for recreation increased. More time and money is now spent

on leisure and this coupled with enhanced family participation means that basic

facilities would be insufficient. Golf pavilions must, therefore, cater for an

extensive social side and for many sports other than golf. This would then take

on the form of country clubs serving as social centres for well to do suburban

residents.

THE PROJECT

The Kanpur Industrial Development Authority while laying

down the plans for the development of Kanpur in U.P. earmarked a complete area

for the purposes of a Golf Club.

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The 300 acres site comprises an 18 hole golf course. The

project involves the design of a club housing.

1. The Golfing facilities : Change Area

Pro Shop,

Snacks Bar,

Caddies facilities.

These bear a relation with every inch of the Golf course and

call for an integration of the whole club knitted around these facilities at the

focus.

2. The Social facilitate : Lounges,

Bars,

Restaurants,

Banquets,

Cards Room,

These need to account for the demands of growth and

increase in numbers.

3. The Recreational facilities : Swimming,

Squash,

Billiards,

Health club.

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These must remain ancillary to the golfing requirement sand

the design must ascertain that these in no way possible obstruct or hinder the

primary Golfing needs. Also the additional numbers that these activities attract

need to be dealt with carefully so as to avoid harm to the course.

4. The Administrative facilities : offices,

Reception + Lobby

Conference

These must from the backbone of the club for smooth

management without being unnecessarily conspicuous.

The club building must be designed keeping the mind that at

present it has above 2000 members (membership fees = Rs. 200 per month). This

club building has an immediate context of the Golf course to sit into and must

relate to the starting and ending points of any game of golf.

THE CLIENT

Originally the Kanpur Golf Club began with a group of

connoiseurs with the course being designed and prepared by Army personnel.

This club was subsequently adopted by the KIDA authorities for its recreational

potentials. At present the management and set up predominantly comprises Army

personnel.

In terms of the specific clientele the KIDA Golf Club comes

from and serves an Armed Forces' background. in addition to the flavour of

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Defense Forces, the discipline of golf and the psyche of the Golfer would

influence the conceptual design.

THE ISSUES

 The Golf Club is the only recreational area allotted for the prolific town.

The development and growth of Kanpur as witnessed in the past few years

and as anticipated in the future imparts a considerable prestige status to

the project.

 Also the township of Kanpur and its need to meet the demands of

urbanization and urban growth has generated a somewhat synthetic and

utilitarian environment. The Golf Club in that respect offers respite not only

through its greens but also an opportunity for Architectural Prestige. This

project has the potential to give to Kanpur and architectural landmark.

 The Golf Clubs attract a number of tourists and international delegates from

Golfing nations like Japan, Korea etc. In that sense comes in the issue of

National Prestige.

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CASE STUDY I : DELHI GOLF CLUB

The Delhi Golf Club is the premiere Golfing club of the

capital city. It is one of the oldest clubs in the country and would soon be

featuring in the Guiness book for the busiest golf courses in the world. The club

has for the busiest golf courses in the world. The club has a membership of over

3000.

The Club was established in 1939 by the British, locating it in

Lutyen's New Delhi. Its courses sprawl across 190 acres of land lying between the

Zakir Hussain Marg, Golf Links, Lodhi Road and Lajpat Rai Marg. The approach

to the main clubhouse lies directly off the Z.H. Marg lying adjacent to the Oberoi

Hotel and Blind Relief Association on one side and Government housing across

the road. The entire property of the Golf course protects in itself 80 monuments.

The main club building built about 54 years ago (in 1939)

was renovated in 1990-91 and another modern structure was erected for the many

purposes by Architect Reena Singh. ENTRY The Club premises is entered through

a set of maingates off the Zakir Husain Marg which take the visitor into the

parking or to the driveway of the main clubhouse (in case of special quests).

Those coming from the Nizamuddin side (i.e. those descending from the

flyover) experience reasonable difficulty as the entry calls for an acute turn and

conflict.

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The club has a two point entry. The main formal entry to the

main club building happens from the driveway. The entry for the Golfers,

swimmers and administration is distinct and approached from the parking.

PLANNING:

The entry to the main clubhouse at the ground level takes

the visitor into a foyer decorated with pictures with only a staircase going up.

Upstairs one is greeted by a set of public telephone on one side and a brief foyer

leading to the lounge. The entrance to the kitchen is also from this foyer. The

lounge includes the reception counter and directly leads to the Bar on one side,

Restaurant on the other and the Golf course beyond the lawns straight ahead.

Going past the telephones, the corridor leads to set of toilets,

a party room and staircase going up and down.

Above on the second floor are located the ladies changes

rooms, toilets, lounges, lockers and meeting room. The lockers room has a

separate toilet since spikes are not permitted in the change rooms.

Down below on the ground floor lie the card room and

stores. The cardroom also has a direct access through a staircase and entry

from the administration, pool and Golfing sides coming down to it.

The new structure, located at the informal entry point to the

club houses a proshop in the front with a large store at the back.

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The floor above this comprises the offices, conference

and computer facilities. Directly behind lies the open air swimming pool with

seating, eating and changing facilities around it.

Adjacent to this is the main Golfing block with the men's

changing rooms and snack bar on the ground level and a speciality restaurant

(under construction) above.

Facilities : Hence we may tabulate these facilities that the club caters to as per

the location.

1. The Main Club Building : Reception + Lobby + entry foyer.

Restaurant + Kitchen, Bar, Toilets,

Party Room, Ladies change + Lounge,

Cards Room, Stores,

with open air facilities in the form of lawns overlooking the course.

2. Administrative Block : Proshop + Store, Offices, Conference

Room, Computer Room

3. Golfing Block : Snack Bar, Men's change, Restaurant.

4. The Swimming Pool area : Pool, Change Rooms, Eating and Seating

5. The Parking : for over 100 cars.

Yet the club is felt to be lacking in a few facilities that

might add new dimensions to it. These include:

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 Banquet : Though there exists a facility for Marriage parties etc. in the open

air behind Proshop, an enclosed multipurpose provision is lacking & may

enhance interaction with the club.

 Billiards : too is a game popular with the strata of society that Golf Club

caters to.

 Lounges : especially specific areas for smokers in the vicinity of the cards

rooms. Due to its absence members are seen hanging around

uncomfortably in the corridor for the sake of a smoke.

 Caddies facility : this at present makes do with a temporary canopy enclosing

a seat and a counter. It deserves more consideration in design.

 Health Club : The provision may further enhance the self sufficiency of the

club and privilege its members.

Circulation

The circulation patterns in the club are neither well defined

nor well designed. These are owing either to the original and colonial design

flaws or else to the later adaptations.

 Through the main formal entrance the member is greeted by a meagre foyer

compelling him into the staircase carrying upwards and landing into a

corridor from the kitchen to the toilets. The door ahead divides this corridor

from the lobby and the reception thereby rendering the entry unimpressive.

 Beyond this point the axis from the lobby to the lawns and the greens is

inviting and well maintained.

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 Similarly the entry from the administrative block into the clubhouse happens

at the first level and carries the members down into the card room. These

cards rooms are connected to the toilets and bar through a curvaceous and

blind staircase.

 The Party room too is fucked away next to the toilets and behind the

staircase in an inconspicuous and undeservingly isolated position in terns

of circulation.

 The location of the ladies change rooms above these elongates the distance

between them and the course. The lady golfers are made to follow a

haphazard system of circulation going up and down staircases, .over carpeted

or polished floors wearing Golfing spikes.

Light and Ventilation

The club appeared considerably well lit though it relied

heavily on artificial means even during the day. The restaurant and bar

overlooking the lawns on the South side basked in the ambience of the cool day

light. The club on the whole has a sufficient amount of glazing.

The ground floor., on the earth bermed side (i.e. the

corridor) tends to be a little dark and dingy in the absence of lighting. Also the

spillover of smokers into the same, makes it a little claustrophobic. The rest of the

spaces enjoy satisfactory ventilation.

The ladies lounge and change rooms are desirably well lit

and ventilated though the lockers room seem a bit neglected.

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The administrative block enjoys generous glazing even

though it faces north. The snack bar enjoys excellent light from the south side

and adequate ventilation, being semicovered.

Environment

The environment of the club as a whole was quite elite,

inviting and cozy at the same time maintaining a level of formality. The

decoration of the walls with little pictures and sketches give the whole place a

caring touch and livened the otherwise monotonous corridors. They also lent to

the spaces a very British accent.

The ladies change rooms are thoughtfully designed with a

little lounge, a dressing area including a relaxing couch, change rooms, toilet,

lockers and a meeting room. The interior is typical of the entire club giving it a

personal touch.

The oriental pool and its sparkling blue water looks inviting

enough for the swimmer and the non-swimmer, with its bar-becues and

cascades. The snack bar has an informal and golfing flavour about it. The

whole area and the interiors resound with golf. The Delhi Golf club achieves

some extremely desirable and subtle relationships in its design.

 Primarily the relationships of the bar and restaurant to the lobby, to the

lawns and consequently to the Golf course lying on the formal axis is well

achieved.

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 Similarly the relationship of the ladies change areas to the lounge and

meeting room is extremely sensitive and exclusive.

 The administrative block too is well related to the club house, golf greens and

entrance with unambiguous indications to a visitor.

On the other hand in terms of the inter-relationships of

various Golfing facilities, the club seems disastrous.

The location of the ladies and men's change areas, the snack bar and the proshop

in relation to the greens is totally disjointed. The general practice is that the

change rooms must be located in direct contact with the greens bypassing the

proshop. This is mainly due to the Golfer’s spikes.

Here the ladies change, the pro-shop and the greens are

separated by carpeted corridors, staircases going up and down and a path. Also

the game involves long hours of standing outdoors in the sun, hence the snack bar

must be in close proximity to both parts of the course (T-1 to G-9 and T-10 to

G-18). This is totally absent.

The swimming pool is well segregated from the rest of the

club activities but lies clumsily in between the golfing facilities unnecessarily

dividing them. The choice of location of the Chinese Restaurant on the first floor

of the extreme block too seems questionable.

Architectural Style :

The Golf Club on the whole has a very British flavour

expressed through the Victorian architectural style. The sloping tiled roofs, the

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stone masonry, the little sketches of golfers bedecking the walls, the sofas and

couches in the lounges and even the lighting fixtures reflect British parentage. The

little chimney spouts of varying shapes and sizes, modern glazed windows and a

collage of gable roofs create an interesting elevation. The crocking antique

fans for seating around the pool emphasises the oriental edge.

Among these the administrative block clearly stands out as a

symbol of modernization, the present and the future. All these remain

interspersed in between the monuments dating back to the Lodhis. The Delhi Golf

Club therefore reflects the co-existence and symbiosis of the past, present and

future.

Landscape

The landscape is well designed and generously dotted with

trees. The species in the lawn and at the entrance are mainly Neem, accompanied

by Ashoka. The swimming pool area too has a number of bright flowered creepers

beautifying the place. The lawns extending from the bar/restaurant to the

courses have a thick cover of well maintained A-quality grass potted plants

and Neem trees.

On the course the grass is rich and well kept. The trees are

numerous and bunched into dense clusters making the atmosphere cool and

conductive to play.

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CASE STUDY- II : D.L.F. GOLF CLUB

D.L.F. Golf club is Situated in the D.L.F. City at Gurgaon. This city is

divided in sectors. The golf club is in the 56 sector. This club is located on the side of a

60 m. Wide sector road. This club is built by D.L.F.Association.

This picture shows the entry

of the golf club. There is two gates

one for entry and other for exit.

There are fountains infront of the

gate checking room is provided

between gates.

This picture shows the party area

and kitchen building this area is

situated near the main club

building.

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This picture shows the main club

building of the golf course. After

entering we first show the main

club building. British architectural

style is found in the building.. This

is a three store building. Reception,

pro-shops and billiards are

provided in ground floor. Bar is on the first floor cards room and QYM also provided on

the first floor. Guest Room are provided on the third floor.

This picture shows the practice

course. New comer practice in

this golf course pro-shop are

provided here for shoping purpose.

This picture shows the pro-shop.

Which is situated at practice

course. Everything related to golf

is available in the pro-shop.

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This photo shows the Badminton

court and long tennis court. Long

tennis court is situated between the

sports complex and main cub

building.

This picture shows the kit of the clubs. Kit range

started from 100000.

This photo shows the swimming pool area.

Swimming pool situated at the

right corner of the sport complex.

This is out door pool. The bar

facility is near the pool.

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PHOTOGRAPHS OF FAIR WAYS

This picture shows the starting

point of the one fairway which is

called tee.

This photo shows the water

fountain. Water fountains are

provided difference places for land-

scaping.

Black-Professional

Blue-normal-player

White-aged

Red-laides

Yellow-children.

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This picture shows the green and

side bunkers. Bunkers are made

by sand water bodys also provided

is side of fairways.

SITE ANALYSIS

SITE LOCATION :-

The site is situated in residential area in kalyanpur. The site is behind I.I.T

campus the site is hardly 5 km from Kanpur Commercial Center. It is 30mts drive from

the Kanpur central station. The site is 3 km away from G.T.road. The total area of the

site is near about 300 acore. This area comes under the K.D.A. there is 30 mts with

Shivli-Kanpur Road. There is a canal on the left hand side of the site.

Regarding the suitability of the site. It is away from the Hustle Bostle of the city

and is easily approcable. It is best suited from the point of golf course.

ABOUT CLIMATIC

Climate has a dominant influence on Architecture throughout

world and all through history secretes remarks about the sun which he made as the

tack as 300 BC are quite well known in houses with a southern aspect of sun’s rays

penetrate into the pertices in winter. But in summer the path of the sun is right

over our heads and above the roofs, so that there is shade if, then. This is the best

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arrangement, we should build the south side loftier to get winter sun, and north

side lower to keep cut cold winds. The design and construction of human

dwellings and settlements is a region are influenced. Besides other factors. To a

great extent by the climate and physical environment of the region.

Climate is generally defined as the average state of weather

no weather situation or weather sequence ever repeats itself exactly. The different

elements of meteorological studies act simultaneously and interact with each other

in a large number of ways to produce widely various climatic conditions.

Climate is affected by many factors but we are interested

specifically in those aspects of climatic studies which affect human comfort. They

include averages, change and extremes of temperature. The temperature

difference between day and night temperature (Diurnal range). Humidity sky

conditions, in coming and out going conditions (Radiations). Rainfall and its

distribution. Air movements and special features such as trace winds. Thunder

storm and hurricanes some other local factors may also influence in the design

which may be such as topography of the sits, ground surface of the site and

structures near the site.

The prevailing climatic condition should therefore be a major

factor for consideration in the design of a building to assume a reasonable degree

of thermal comfort to the habitants. The task is to analyze climatic conditions and

present in a form that allows him to identify features that are beneficial to the

future occupants of the building.

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For the process of climatic studies following steps are to be

followed :

 Survey of climatic elements and environmental adjustments.

 Impact of climatic factors and evolution of each impact.

 Technical solution for comfort.

 Uninhibited areas should be placed on the west side to

baffle the impact on the sun.

 Compact shades are preferable yet then should be somewhat elowgated on the

east-west axis.

 Roof should be insulated from the sun. This can be accomplished by thick

insulating materials.

 Walls of daytime living areas should be made of heat -storing materials, East

and West walls should preferably be shaded heavy masoney walls are

desirable on the west and should be shaded by trees if possible.

 All windows, except those on the north must be shielded from the high

summer sun.

 White be light colours on sun exposed surfaces or use of low emissive cool

colours in interiors.

Buildings should be oriented on all East-West axis, lone

elevations should face north and south. To reduce exposure to the sun. Buildings

should be planned around small courtyards if thermal storage is required for most

of the year i.e. when hot dry search is dominant.

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Buildings should be broadly spaced for Breeze penetration as

a rough guide, space between long rows of building should not be less than five

times the height. Provision must be made for protection from cold or dusty hot

winds.

Rooms should be single banked with windows in the North or

South walls to ensure air movement by ample cross-ventilation.

Rooms may be double banked, but the plan should allow fee

temporary cross-ventilation if wind is unreliable or site limitations restrict

planning for cross-ventilation ceiling mounted fans may be considered.

Openings should be medium, between 20 to 40% of the wall

area. Openings in the east wall may be desirable. Where the cold season is long

in the west wall openings are acceptable in moderate or cold climates. But close

no circumstances in the tropics.

Both external and internal walls should be massive. A heavy

roof with substantial thermal capacity. Giving a time-lag of at least 8 hours

The climate of this place is characterized by a hot summer

and general dryness except in the south west monsoon search. The year may be

divided into four seasons the period from March to about middle of June is the

summer season. This is followed by the southwest monsoon season which lasts till

about the end of September October and the first half of November from the post

monsoon or transition period. The cold season is from about the middle of

November to February.

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The average annual rainfall in the place is 778.9 mm. The

rainfall in the place varies from 642.3 mm. At Narwal to 884.8 mm at Kanpur.

The Heaviest rainfall in 24 hrs. Recorded at any station in

the place was 508.9 mm at Derapur on 1882 June 18.

There is a meteorological observatory is the District at

Kanpur and the records of this observatory may be taken is representative of the

climatic conditions prevailling in the District in general from about the beginning

of March. There is rapid rise in the temperatures. May and the early part of June

constitute the hottest part of the year the mean daily temp.(max) in May is 41.7’c

and the mean daily minimum 27.2’c the nights during June are warmer than in

May. The heat in summer is intense and the maximum temperature on many days

rises upto 45’c or more the hot day and dust lacen westerly winds, which are

common is the hot season add much to the discomfort. Afternoon thunder showers

which occur on a few days during the summer being welcome relief though only

temperarily with the onset of the monsoon in the District after the middle of June

the day temperature drops down appreciably nights continue to be warm as in

summers. After October day and night temperature start decreasing. January is

the coldest month. With max day temp 22.6’c and night temp at 8.6’c.

During the monson season, relative humidities generally

exceed 70%. There after humidities decrease. The driest part of the year is the

summer season when the relative humidity is 30%.

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During the monson season, and for brief spells of a day or

two during the cold season when the place is affected by passing western

disturbances, heavily clouded or overcast skies prevail in the rest of the year skies

are mostly clear or lightly clouded.

The winds are generally light with some strengthening in

force during the summer and early monsoon season in the non-monsoon months

winds are mostly from direction between southwest and northewest with

northerlies and northwestelies predominating precominating in the afternoons.

From may winds from directions between northeast and southeast begin to blow

and in the southwest monsoon season winds are either from directions between

southeast and northeast or between southeast and northwest.

In association with depressions from bay or bengal in the

monsoon season which move across the country. The district gets widespread

heavy rain and gusty winds. During the cold season western disturbances affect

the weather over the district and thunderstorms, sometimes associated with hail

and squall occur. During the hot seasons duststorms and thunderstorms occur on

a few days. Rain during the monsoon season is opten associated with thunder for

occurs occasionally during the cold season.

GENERAL INFORMATION ABOUT THE CITY KANPUR.

Area - 300 sq.kms.

Altitude - 120m (From mean sea level)

Longitude - 26’.20’ north.

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Rainfall monthly average – 161 mm.

Humidity (monsoon) - 86%

Humidity (summer) - 21%

The factors taken into consideration are :

(a) Dry bulb temperature.

(b) Sollar radiation.

(c) Wind direction and velocity.

(d) Relative humidity.

(e) Rainfall and number of rainy days.

When the designer wants to access the effects of climatic

conditions on the body’s heat dissipation processes he has to handle four

independent variables simultaneously temperature, humidity, air movement and

radiation effects which is expressed in the terms of effecting temperature as below

The temperature of saturate, still air (speed-less than

0.1m/sbc or 25 feet/minute) where in the same degree of comfort is felt as in

existing conditions of temperature, wind speed, humidity and radiation below than

100 w/m 2 .

For the comfort the values on effective temparature scale can

be taken in the range of 21 0 C to 24 0 C However, it may be exceeded to another

2 0 C or 3 0 C on either side without any serious discomfort.

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Climatic Inferences :

To avoid the inward flow of heat, either direct or indirect.

The surface on which the sun rays fall must be protected following have to be

taken into consideration.

* Minimization of glare.

* Maximization of solar heat entering rooms in winter.

* Protection against rain and wind.

* Provision of adequate ventilation at all times.

Design Analysis :

The main features of design and construction for buildings

are :

* Avoid sun pockets and radiation glare from sky, ground paving or buildings that

will intensify this zone around the building.

* Use of reflective devices on reefs and walls exposed to the sun both for sky and

ground radiation.

* In inward looking layout can benefit from microclimatic factors this allows rapid

radiation of heat.

* Evaporative possibilities should be utilised.

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VEGETATION

Vegetation yaries from lushgreen to scantily bareen land.

The land in the min has thorny shruss.

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Green Grass

The water bodies generally have the green poktion of vegetation.

SOIL CONDITION

Some are man made the soil is generally sandy. The bearing capacity of soil is

generally good. The water table is about 9m below groun level.

PROGRAMME OF REQUIREMENTS

Area Programming

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The area programming has been carried out on the basis of an

assumed membership of 3000 persons (the existing membership exceeds 2000). The

accommodation set down illustrates a golf pavilion for a members club and a local

authority course assuming a normal requirement for social facilities and serving an 18

hole course. It must be emphasized that the addition of squash, swimming and health

club causes an increase in the number of users and accordingly in the lounging and

dining requirements.

1. ADMINISTRATION :

Reception + Entrance 211 sqm

Manager office 83 sqm

Chairman office + toilet 110 sqm

General staff (Clerical) 85 sqm

2. PUBLIC AREA

Bar + toilet (120 persons) 40 sqm 1 nos. @1.5m 2 /person 185 sqm

Restaurant + Toilet (95 persons) 40 sqm 1 nos. @1.9m 2 /person 183 sqm

Snack Bar (30 Golfers ) 1 nos. @2.2m 2 /person 70 sqm

Pub (40 persons) 1 nos. 1.9m 2 /person 80 sqm

Meeting Room + Toilet 1 nos. 108m 2

3. RECREATIONAL FACILITIES :

Cards Room with 1 nos. 110sqm

Registration Counter 26.25sqm

Billiards Room (2 table ) 85 sqm

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4. GOLF FACILITIES

The golf facilities depend less on total Nos. but more on the

rate at which an 18 hole course can be used e.g. 4 players can start every 6

minutes. Therefore, the changing facilities will be subject to 4 players coming in

and 4 going out every 6 minutes at peak loadings. Assuming 20-25 minutes for

changing it implies a maximum of 32-40 persons at any one time.

Professional’s Shop + Store 100 sqm

Counter 25 sqm

Changing Area 455 sqm

Lockers 18 sqm

Caddies Facility 75 sqm

( Room + Caddy Master + Toilet )

Sitting Area 42 sqm

5. SPORTS FACILITIES

Squash Courts 2 nos. 70 sqm each 140 sqm

(With Gallery for viewers )

Swimming Pool 60 sqm

Change Room ( One each ) 2 nos. 40 sqm each 80 sqm

For ladies and gents with

5 cubicles 5 showers,

2 WBs & 3 WCs for ladies

and 2 WCs and 2 Urinals for gents.)

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Seating + Toilets 41 sqm

Gents Toilet 20 sqm +

Ladies Toilets 18 sqm

Snacks Counter 32 sqm

Filtration Plant ( Under services)

Health Club 196 sqm

Locker Room 20 sqm

Total area 2140 sqm

Circulation + walls ( 40%) +856 sqm

2996 sqm

ANTHROPOMETRIC DATA AND STANDARDS

SNACK BAR :

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It usually restricts to light meals served at counter or taken

by customer to table. Food is normally cooked within counter area but back-up

preparation, wash-up and storage is required.

REQUIRES : 1.50 – 2.20 sqm/person including counter and cooking.

Ratio of service area to total area = 25.50%

Net Kitchen area = 40 %

RESTAURANT :

It must have generous seating and spacing of tables. It is

designed on traditional lines with kitchen separate from the dining room.

REQUIRES : 1.3 –1.9 sqm/person according to type of business.

BAR:

It should preferably feature a fairly long bar counter

supported by bar storage with ice making machine and bottle cooler. Section

may be required for service of simple meals or snacks.

It must be possible to service bars without passing through

public areas.

REQUIRES: 1.8 – 2 sqm/persons for cocktail Lounge (comfortable)

1.3-1.7sqm/persons for general bar (some standing and on

stools) – excluding counter.

( Source – Neufert’s Standards)

BANQUET :

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A multi purpose area provided for meetings, banquest, balls,

parties and exhibition always proves to be a valuable asset. The room may have an

independent access if it is. It may be divisible by movable partitions. Guest and

service entry need to be segregated.

REQUIRES: 1.1 – 1.3 sqm/persons for banquet style seating.

0.5 sqm/seat for furniture store.

( Source – Neufert’s Standards )

KITCHEN :

Approximate space allowances for kitchen planning and

including food storage, cold room, wash up, chef ’s office.

REQUIRES: Main rest. Kitchen area-1.4 sqm x no. of covers. Banquet Kitchen

area - 0.2 sqm x no. of covers. Approx. 50 % extra for staff toilets, changing

room, canteen and other stores.

BILLIARDS :

Size of table (3.7 to 4m) x (1.9 to 2m) Minimum area (excl,

seating) =7 x5.25sqm. Minimum space between two tables

- end to end = 2.25 m

- side to side = 3.2 m

Flooring - Vinyl Tiles

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Billiards is a quiet activity requiring silent interaction

and concentration. The enclosure must exclude external light entering into it.

Billiards room must have proximity to open areas on terraces for fresh air and

relaxation. Service may or may not be desirable. The table must have a canopy

fitting lighting with a 100 – 150 w. tungsten filament placed centrally. The

room should preferably be a/c and well ventilated.

SQUASH :

Size - 9.754 X 6.4 X (5.4 to 5.8) Squash requires an additional provision for

spectators. This may be given in the form of a gallery above the entry to courts.

The door must always be in the centre of the wall.

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Squash is sport which generates a lot of noise. It is a sport f

the young and fit. The courts may be provided with diffused light from the sun

excluding any glare. Natural light must be in addition to adequate and well

located artificial lights.

The activity of cards, especially the games or Rummy

and Bridge are exceedingly popular with the senior member of any club for

their recreational potential. The cards rooms require a registration counter for

the purposes of exchange of currency into counters etc.; a lounge and a pantry to

serve the players. The room must be in proximity to public toilets.

Within the cards room the Bridge and Rummy section must

be distinct. The cards room must enjoy good ventilation and lighting (natural

and artificial). Cards rooms are strictly non-smoking and adequate smoker’s

lounge. Fresh air and a panoranic view of the outside adds to the value of the

cards room.

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The room size of cards room depends on the sizes of tables

and circulation in between (Source –Neufert’s Standards )

A table and 4 chairs require 2.4 x 2.4 sqm.. hence cards requires – 1.2 to 1.4

sqm/seat ( 4 seater for Bridge and 2-6 seater for rummy. )

LAWN TENNIS :

HEALTH CLUB :

Change cubicles – size for cubicle 1/visitor = 1mx ( 1-1.2)m

Gross area of changing room/cubicle = 3 – 4 sq Locker

Size = 300 x 500 – 400 x 600.

Ratio of total changing/clothes storage spaces per user

approx. = 1.75 sq. Cubicles and clothes stand should be of timber or corrosion

resistant metal with properietory panels.

Sauna - Bathing time - 3 x 8-12 minute sessions.

Total for 1 bath = 120 minutes.

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Room for cooling (with shower, hose or plunge)

2 massage points or 1 rest room/Sun.

Room temperature. - Undressing = 20 - 22°C

- Pre clense = 24 - 26°C

- Cooling room = 18 - 20°C

- Massage room = 20 - 22°C

GOLF CHANGE :

Men's Locker room -

The area requirement for this room is based upon the capacity

of the course e.g. an 18 hole course will be saturated at about 120 players

(four balls every six minutes for 3 hrs) or 150 if allowance is made for every

players. Therefore no more than 40-50 persons use it at any one time. Allowing 1

sqm/person, the minimum area = 50 sqm for public courses and private clubs

where golf clubs are kept in the stores and out of the locker room.

Within this overall area separate sitting and hanging spaces

should be provided for visitors. The floor finish must be practical and resistant to

spikes. Wall finish can be kept to an absolute minimum if type of lockers and

layout is decided at planning stage.

Men’s toilet –

The normal thumb role – 1 WC/urinal for 25 men

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and /basin for 15 men.

Hence a maximum of 50 players at one time require the use of

these facilities at a greater rate. Hence we could double the standard i.e. 4–5 WCs

4 Urinals and 4-5 basins. Also 2 showers atleast are required.

Ladies Locker Room –

The number of ladies using the facilities is proportionately

much smaller. The details will be similar to men's locker room though more

hanging space may be required. An area of 30sqm may be enough.

Ladies toilet -

Approximately 3-4 WCs and basins and one shower will be

adequate. These must be provided together with sanitary towel disposal facility.

Basins must be vanity type with the whole area softer than the normal utilitarian

type of room found in many clubs. A powder room could also be provided along

with a resting lounge.

Professional's Shop –

Location is critical to enable good views over the course to

be obtained , particularly of the first tee, which should be adjacent, as the

professional may control starting times and collect green fees. Display space is

important and long wall lengths are desirable . height to swing a club is also an

asset and better still if it is linked to an under cover practice area. Office and

trolley storage facilities may be incorporated in addition to storage for golfing

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equipment. Bags will take up less space if stored horizontally but less wear occur

if stored vertically.

Golf Practice – Driving may be practiced in a range with netting 9!8 mm mesh) on

three sides and below ceiling REQUIRES space of 6.7 x 2-4 plus surrounding

same areas may be used for putting which is practiced on a roll out carpet. The

area must include a storage area for mat and netting. Pitch and putt course-

consists of holes under 100 yards with 70 being the normal maximum, is the

smallest provision in which the ball leaves the ground. For this reason and

because it attracts beginners and children, safety considerations must be

stringent.

Driving range –

This is a flat descending area 250-300 yards long by 150

yards wide. Play is from a one, two or three tier platform with fixed mats and

devices to tee up balls automatically. A range with associated Par 3 and/or pitch

putt facilities is more successful than one providing practice alone. It could

equally be associated with a full scale 18 hole course but proximity to an urban

centre is essential. It is excellent for beginners and succeeds where demands for

golf is greater than membership vacancies at clubs.

(All given information pertaining to Golf,)

Source : Handbook of sport and Recreational Building Design Vol. III, pp 75-81

SERVICES :

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 GOLF CLUB

Pool Filtration Plant –

Purification, flocculation and disinfection of swimming pool

water requires an essential turnover period of 3 hrs. for indoor public pools. The

pool water is purified by chemical flocculation of organic substances to induce

coagulation followed by filtration. In asymmetrical pool outlets must be arranged

in a manner to allow complete through flow. For cleaning pool floor, esp, in open

air pools, remove sediment and with brushes and suction sediment pump.

Generator Room.

The thumb role for electrification requirement is 30 w.ft 2 of

electrified area subsequently a generator room requires 1sqm per 3.33 KW.

DESIGN CONCEPTS

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THE INFLUENCES

The various factors discussed in the previous chapters namely

the nature of the project, the client, the context, the site and the program of the

requirement exert .considerable and individual influence in the design of a club

building of this nature.

 The peninsular site's adjacent to greens on three sides offers an opportunity

to make the most of the pacific views.

 The location at the confluence of the starting and ending point of the 18 hole

games is strategic, to be manifested in the relation of the Golfing facility

to the course.

 The access road needs to be kept at a considerable distance from the club

house to buffer the noise and pollution.

The vehicular circulation and parking may also be condemned to this face.

THE APPROACH

As a golf club is inherently different from any other club

owing to the primary needs of golf in terms of economics, exclusiveness of

membership and magnitudes; and since all other activities remain ancillary to

golf, the design must interpret this. It must adequately symbolise the openness

and flexibility of the greens and offer the golfer cool respite in environment

and views. The first priority here is RELAXATION and COMFORT

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 GOLF CLUB

Hence the basic zoning and circulation patterns must be

unambiguous and would be best arranged around specific courts individual in

their character and treatment.

The distinct zones identifiable are

- Public/Formal zone Main Entry

Service zone Service Entry

DESIGN ASSUMPTIONS :

1. A golfer uses the course early mornings and early evenings. He follows

either of the following routines

2. A golfer's caddy is fixed and carries his golf bag either from his car or from

the proshop to the tee-off externally and back.

3. The snack bar is meant exclusively for the golfers and functions only at

golfing hours. It serves light snacks such as sandwiches and non alcoholic

beverages. It is serviced once each day.

4. The club remain closed for two hours each day (10-11 a.m. and 3-4 p.m.) for

servicing and cleaning up purposes.

5. The bar serves light, snacks e.g. roasted peanuts and its store may be

serviced once a day.

6. Children below 16 are not allowed in the bar.

7. The restaurants are of two types

a. Family Restaurant - serving all types of food.

b. Speciality Restaurant - not allowing children below 16.

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8. The Cards and Billiards rooms are strictly adults and no-smoking zones.

9. The Cards room has both Bridge and Rummy sections.

10. The Reading room remains open from 9 a.m. to 10 p.m. and provides

the members a sufficient and comfortable reading area furnished with few

books and upto date on magazines and journals.

11. The Party room and Blue Bar (for cocktail parties) are areas let out for

small, elite parties.

12. The Banquet Hall is basically a multipurpose enclosure to be let out by

the club for

− marriages, reception parties, cocktails, angeet etc. marriage related

functions.

− The new years eve and Christmas celebrations held annually.

It includes sufficient facility to extend into the open in times

of good weather. This areas will be serviced by the individual caterer appointed or

by the club in the latter case.

LIGHT AND VENTILATION :

Though the club relies on air conditioning for control of the

internal environment all areas in the club open outwards into their own respective

spillouts. Each area (without an exception) enjoys provision for natural light and

ventilation over and above the artificial means. Incidentally the primary

objectives of facilitating views towards the greens unconsciously achieves natural

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 GOLF CLUB

light and ventilation too. Other areas such as services and administration too

enjoy good light and ventilation due to the openness of design.

CIRCULATION

The circulation system and clarity in a club of this nature is

the key to its success and popularity. The club as conceived has simple circulation

generating visual foci, visual links and spatial clarity. The means adopted are

courts or voids with circulation around them. These vary in character, purpose

and scale.

STRUCTURE SYSTEM

The system of support of the designed club house is conceived

to be simple linear comprising beams and columns. The grid chosen approximates

to 5 m x 5m. The large scale of the desired areas warrants the need for such a

grid.

The structure goes up two floors at the heart of the club

emphasizing the central court and entry. Though parts of the club occupy the first

floor the club predominantly sprawls horizontally with a single floor level

maintaining a humble profile.

The floor to floor heights of the major and large public areas

i.e. restaurant, bar lounge etc. go upto 6.5-3.5 m. The height is .cant to scale

down the vastness and to enhance the interiors by hiding the structure and

air-conditioning.

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SERVICES

Plumbing and Sanitation :- The areas to be serviced include the public toilets,

kitchens, change room and landscaping.

The golf course is the major consumer of water the demands

for which are net through 3 tubewells. This also rules out possibilities of the

water bodies lying empty and ugly due to shortage of water supply.

− The sanitation of the kitchen goes into service yard.

− The landscape court adjoining the administration and the restaurant

camouflages the pipes from the public toilets.

− The change rooms of the health club and golfers are retained on the ground

for easy plumbing and sanitation.

Rain Water :- The rain water from flat terraces is taken down vertically and

disposed on to the greens. The sloping roofs however dispose into gutters which

further run into rwps and then spill on to the greens.

Electrical : The club is provided with an electrical substation and DG set These

are to be located at a distance from the club house (for fire safety) and

intercepting the path of transmission. They must lie close to the road for

serviceability and under supervision from the caretakers quarter.

Not Central :- The public areas (i.e. restaurant, bar, lounges, cardsroom,

billiards, reading room) are centrally air conditioned with the plant room lying

in economical proximity to the restaurant. This plant is independent the rest of the

structure to eliminate vibration and adjacent to the road for servicing.

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 GOLF CLUB

The health club requires very specific air treatment due to

humidity control in the sauna and jacuzzi and the thick air from the gym and

aerobics. As a result it is facilitated with a separate package unit. The banquet

too constitutes a major load generator and is not a regular component. Hence it

too is supplied through an individual area.

VOLUMETRIC DISPOSITION:

The club building must network a low lying and humble

character. Further the club must be disintegrated into distinct volumetric checks

to add to the clarity in circulation.

The volume of the clubhouse steps up from the peripheries

towards the middle, the central public areas being emphasized with maximum

volume due to the additional. Floor heights/hts. The low lying single storeyed

edges flow into and merge with the greens. The volume of the these single storeys

is enhanced using greater ceiling heights due to the specific requirements of

sports such as TT and Squash on the one hand and the span to height relationship

for visual comfort and ventilation in the kitchen.

All in all the clubhouse retains a majestic posture,

symmetrical and noticeable enough for the casual passer-by. The Banquet

block enhances this quality though its individualistic quality, distinctive in form

and volume, breaking away from the regulations of the clubhouse. It needs the

systematic disposition of the clubhouse a playful relief and a cocky imbalance to

the severe symmetry.

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ARCHITECTURAL EXPRESSION

The golf clubhouse must express a humble and cozy respite

for the township of Kanpur and yet make strong enough in architectural

statement. The use of a combination of materials (i.e. slate, brick and stone) and

a combination of elements (i.e. sloping roofs, vertical landscaping buttresses

and glazing) o\would render to the building a sporty and playful look expressing

the building a sporty and playful look expressing the purposes of the club. At the

same time the expression should neither be too bizarre, shocking or bold.

All the clubs studied and observed bore a common apparel of

dignity, majesty and coziness. They all had distinct symmetry and emphasis on

the entry. Simultaneously the traditionalistic and slightly orthodox approach of

roost golfers esp. the Forces based owes to the obviety and psychological solace

in the Victorian appearance, necessitated the design of the club on these lines.

An interpretation of the landscape in the vertical as well as

the horizontal is a major form of expression. Further each court has an expression

specific to its purpose but with the underlying concept focusing the greens.

The entire architectural expression revolves around the

central concept of the golf course, i.e.

The greens remain at the focus from all angles be it the

multidestinationed landscape of the formal court of the informal attitude of the

sports court.

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BIBLIOGRAPHY

Book : 1. Handbook of Sports and Recreational Building design Vol.3 (Outdoor

Sports), Sports Council (Architectural Press, London) p. 75.

2. Bansal & Minke - The Climatic Zones of India.

3. C.B.R.I. - Climatological Data.

4. Neufert’s Standards

5. Dawes J - Design and Planning of swimming pools

(Arcitectural Press, London)

Unpublished Architectural Thesis:

1. Delhi Gymkhana Club - an unpublished thesis by S.C. Seth, 1974,

t-596, S.P.A. Library.

2. Karnavati Sports Club - an unpublished thesis by Neeraj Kumar,

1991, T-1538, S.P.A. Library.

3. Country Club Bangalore - an unpublished thesis by J H Vats, 1990,

T-1457, SPA Library.

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