saMskRt baalapuYpma\ 2

paz: 15 p`Xnaaina vaata-laap: ca

Lesson 15 Questions and conversation
You have practiced the cases 2 and 3 in previous lessons. Let
us know how to frame questions in Sanskrit. Read the following
sentences and understand the meaning.

rama: pzit . baalakaO vadt: . nara:

namaint .
saIta gacCit . lato Qaavat: . maalaa:
pXyaint .
flaM ptit . iXalao t~ st: . ima~aiNa
Kolaint .

Now read the following words.

k: kaO ko - Who ? (used for masculine words)
ka ko ka: - Who ? (used for feminine words)
ikma\ ko kaina - What / who ? (used for neuter
gender words)

Now we try to frame questions: (try to replace the questionnaire in

the place of nouns)

rama: pzit . k: pzit ?

baalakaO vadt: . kaO vadt: ?
nara: namaint . ko namaint ?
saIta gacCit . ka gacCit ?
lato Qaavat: . ko Qaavat: ?
maalaa: pXyaint . ka: pXyaint ?
flaM ptit . ikma\ ptit ?
iXalao t~ st: . ko t~ st: ?
ima~aiNa Kolaint . kaina Kolaint ?

1
Framing questions with verbs:
rama: pzit . rama: ikM kraoit ?
baalakaO vadt: . baalakaO ikM ku$t: ?
nara: namaint . nara: ikM kuva-int ?
AByaasa:
1 isaMh: Qaavait . ?
?
2 baalaa gacCit . ?
?
3 EaIQar: sauroXa: ca ilaKt: .
?
?
4 Ananyaa saunaIta ca vaogaona Qaavat: .
?
?
5 iXaxak: Ca~a: ca prsprM vadint .
?
?
6 Kgaa: Kadint .
?
?
7 flaaina puYpaiNa p~aiNa ca naIcaO: ptint .
?
?

Question formation with 2nd case.

Xabd ekvacan iWvacan bahuvac

a: ama\ ama\ anama\
baala baalama baalaaO baalaan
\ a\
nar narma\ naraO narana\
pu$Ya pu$Yama\ pu$YaaO pu$Yaana
\

2
 p`Xn kma\ kaO kana\
ama\

pa~m pa~o pa~o pa~aiNa

a\
flama\ flama\ flao flaaina
p`Xn ikma\ ko kaina
ama\

lata latama\ lato lata:

maala maalaam maalao maalaa:
a a\
roKa roKa roKo roKa:
p`Xn kama\ ko ka:
ama\

kma\ kaO kana\

Meaning: kama\ ko ka:
ikma\ ko kaina
To whom/ what?,
towards whom/what ?
About whom/what ? *This is the common meaning of all three words and
the first words indicates singular, second word dual and the third word indicates
plural.

1 Ba>: dovaM namait . Ba>: kma\ namait

?
2 Ca~a: pazXaalaaM gacCint . Ca~a: kama\
gacCint ?
3 %vaM pazM pzisa . %vaM ikma\ pzisa
?
4 yaUyaM payasaM ipbaqa . yaUyaM
ikma\ ipbaqa ?
5 AhM lataM pXyaaima . AhM kama\
pXyaaima ?

3
AByaasa: .
6 vayaM kivataM ilaKama: .
?
7 vaanara: flaaina Kadint .
?
8 AXvaa: GaasaM Kadint .
?
9 rama: EaIkRYNaM pXyait .
?
10 yauvaaM payasaM ipbaqa: .
?

Question formation with 3nd case.

Xa ekvacan iWvacan bahuvac

bd ama\ ama\ anama\
a:
ba baalaon baalaaB baalaO:
ala a yaama\
nar naroNa naraByaa narO:
ma\
pu pu$YaoNa pu$YaaBy pu$YaO:
$Y aama\
a
AX AXvaona AXvaaBy AXvaO:
va aama\
g gajaona gajaaBya gajaO:
aja ama\
fla flaona flaaByaa flaO:
ma\
p` kona kaByaa kO:
Xn ma\

4
 am
a\

l latyaa lataByaa lataiBa:

ata ma\
ma maalayaa maalaaBy maalaaiB
ala aama\ a:
a
r roKyaa roKaByaa roKaiBa:
oK ma\
a
p` kyaa kaByaa kaiBa:
Xn ma\
am
a\

kona kaByaama\ kO:

Meaning: kyaa
kaByaaM kaiBa:
By whom, with whom, through whom ?
*This is the meaning of all three words and the first words indicates singular, second word dual
and the third word indicates plural.

1 AhM mama janakona sah ]VanaM

gacCaima .- AhM kona sah ]VanaM gaCaima .
2 jalaona ivanaa jaIvaa: na jaIvaint . - kona
ivanaa jaIvaa: na jaIvaint .
3 Alama\ k/IDnaona . - AlaM kona .
4 AhM Qanaona hIna: Aisma . - AhM kona
hIna: Aisma .
5 Ca~a: AcaayaoNa saaQa-M vadint . -
Ca~a: kona saaQa-M vadint .
6 sa: janakona sama: Aist . - sa: kona
sama: Aist .

5
 ?
7 pvana: vaatayanaona AagacCit . - The
wind blows through the window.
?
8 manauYyaa: padaByaaM gacCint . - People
walk with two legs.
?
9 maRgaa: padO: Qaavaint . - Animals run
with legs.
?
10 janaa: kNaa-ByaaM gaItM XaRNvaint. - People
hear music with two ears.
?
11 Kgaa: pxaaByaaM ]%ptint . - Birds fly with two
wings.
?
12 vayaM hstaByaaM namaama: . - We all
salute with two hands.
?
13 to mauKona gaayaint . - They all sing
through mouth.
?
14 jaIvaa: dntO: BaaojanaM cava-int . - Living
things chew the food with teeth.
?
15 sa: dNDona maRgaM taDyait . - He hits the
animal with the stick.
?

Lessons are prepared and published on behalf of Kalidasa-Samskrita-

Kendram Trust, Madurantakam by V.C. Govindarajan. Your feedback to
vcgrajan@yahoo.com or vcgrajan@hotmail.com
by kalidasa-samskrita-kendram, Madurantakam

Previous lessons are available (word format) in the following links.

http://groups.yahoo.com/group/kalidasa/files/
and
http://www/geocities.com/vcgrajan/kendram.html

6
Next lesson: Lesson 15: Questions and conversation - supplementary
paz: 15 p`Xnaa: vaata-laap: ca . iWtIya: Baaga: