WrittenByStanKomsky

TableofContents
2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 19 21 22 23 25 27 1 Introduction CreatinganewProjectwithCadence CreatinganewProjectwithMultisim PlacingPartswithCadence PlacingPartswithMultisim AddingaLibrarywithCadence ConnectingPartswithCadence ConnectingPartswithMultisim EditingPlacedPartswithCadence EditingPlacedPartswithMultisim ACSimulationwithCadence ACSimulationwithMultisim DCVoltageAnalysiswithCadence DCVoltageAnalysiswithMultisim ErrorAnalysiswithCadence ErrorAnalysiswithMultisim PlottingwithCadence PlottingwithMultisim CadenceTroubleshooting MultisimTroubleshooting WorksCited

Introduction
Thepurposeofthismanualistodescribethebasicfunctionsof CadenceandMultisim.Simulatingacircuitonacomputerbefore implementingitcanhelpvalidateyourdesignandcatchpotentiallycostly errorsaheadoftime. MultisimisanadvancedcircuitsimulationprogramcreatedbyThe NationalInstrumentsElectronicWorkbenchGroup.Itprovidesavarietyof toolsforuserstocreateschematicsofcircuits,andsimulatethese schematics.Itiscreatedtobeveryuserfriendlyforbothstudentsand advancedengineeringusers. TheCadenceOrCADapplicationprovidesauniversalcircuitdesign andsimulationplatform.Itcanimportandexportschematicstoalmostany othercircuitdesignapplicationcausingittobethemostwidelyused schematicdesignentrybytheengineeringindustry.Italsomakesiteasyto makechangestolargecircuitsbyusingaspreadsheeteditor. Thismanualwilldemonstratetheabilitiesofbothprogramsfrom designingacircuittosimulatinganACandDCanalysis.

CreatinganewProjectwithCadence
1. OpenDesignEntryCISusingyourdesktoporstartmenu(usually locatedinApplications\CadenceSPB15.7\DesignEntryCIS). 2. IftheCadenceProductchoicemenuopens,selectthethirdoption labeledAllegroPCBDesignCISXL. 3. SelectFile>New>ProjecttoopentheNewProjectmenu shownbelow.

Figure2.CreatePSpiceProjectDialog.

CreatinganewProjectwithMultisim
1. OpenMultisim10.0usingyourdesktoporstartmenu(usually locatedinApplications\NationalInstruments\CircuitDesignSuite 10.0\Multisim10.0). 2. Theapplicationwillstartallowingyoutostartyourproject.

Figure1.CadenceNewProjectMenu. 4. SelectAnalogorMixedA/Dandenteraprojectname. 5. ClickBrowsetoselectalocationtostoreyourproject. 6. SelectCreateablankprojectiftheCreateaPSpiceProjectmenu comesup. 3 4

PlacingPartswithCadence
1. SelectPlace>PartandthePlacePartDialogwillappear. Note:IftherearenolibrariesintheLibrariessection ofthedialog,followtheinstructionsintheAddinga Librarylocatedonpage8beforecontinuing. 2. Selectallthelibrariesbyclickinganddraggingthemouse,orby selectingoneofthelibrariesandhittingCtrl+A. 3. FindthecomponentyouwouldliketoaddinthePartListdialog andclickOKtoaddit.Thefollowingaresomeexamplecomponents youcanadd: PartName Picture Part/LibraryNameinPart List R/ANALOG Capacitor C/ANALOG

CurrentSource

IAC/SOURCE

PlacingPartswithMultisim
1. SelectPlace>Componentandlocatethecomponentyouwishto place. Heresatip:YoucanalsohitCtrl+Wtoopenthe SelectaComponentDialog.

2. TheSelectaComponentdialogshouldappearasshownonthe nextpage.

Resistor

Inductor VoltageSource 5 6 VAC/SOURCE L/ANALOG

AddingaLibrarywithCadence
1. Beforebeingabletoplaceparts,youmustaddthepartlibrary. 2. SelectPlace>PartandanemptyPlacePartdialogwillappear. 3. ClickAddLibraryandbrowseto C:\Appl\Cadence\SPB_15.7\tools\capture\library\pspice\orthe

Figure3.MultisimSelectaComponentDenu.
toyourspecifications,andclickOk. 4. Clickonyourschematicinthelocationyouwishtoaddyour component,andthecomponentwillbeaddedatthatlocation. 5. AnewSelectaComponentDialogwillappear.Ifyoudonotwish toaddanothercomponent,clickClosetoclosethisdialog.

equivalentdirectoryifyourmachineisusingadifferentdirectory structure. 4. UseyourmouseorpressCtrl+Atoselectallthelibrariesshown below.

3. Selectthecomponentyouwishtoadd,editthecomponentsettings

Figure4.BrowseFileDialogforAddingLibraries. 5. ClickOpentoaddtheselibraries.

ConnectingPartswithCadence
1. GotoPlace>Wireorselecttheplacewiretoolintherightside menuasshownbelow. Figure5.CadenceWireTool.

ConnectingPartswithMultisim
1. Selecttheendofthefirstconnectingcomponent.Yourcursor shouldbecomeablackdotwhenyouareoveravalidselection. 2. Clickonitanddragitovertotheendlocationofthesecond connectingcomponent.Yourcursorshouldbecomeablackdotand theendofthecomponentshouldbecomeredwhenyouareovera validselectionasshowninthediagrambelow. 3. Notethatthepaththatyourcursorfollowswillbefollowedwiththe connectingwire. 4. Youcanchangethelocationofthewiresbyclickinganddragging afteryouaredoneconnectingthecomponents.

2. Positionyourmouseonthesmallboxattheendlocationofoneof thefirstconnectingcomponent.Yourmousepointshouldturninto acrosshair. 3. Clickinsidetheboxanddragitovertothesmallboxattheend locationofoneofthesecondconnectingcomponent. 4. Notethatthepaththatyourcursorfollowswillbefollowedwiththe connectingwire. 5. Youcanchangethelocationofthewiresbyclickinganddragging afteryouaredoneconnectingthecomponents.

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EditingPlacedPartswithCadence
1. Selectthepartorpartsthatyouwouldliketoedit.Theyshould changetoapinkcolorandhaveadottedboxaroundthem. 2. SelectEdit>PropertiesorpressCtrl+EtoopentheProperty Editordialogshownbelow. 3. Youwillseealistofcircuitcomponentsyouhaveselectedandthe propertiesthatyoucanedit. 4. YoucanchangethenamebyeditingthePartReferencecolumn andchangethepartvaluebyeditingtheValuecolumn. 5. Onceyouhavefinishedmakingchanges,clickApply.AnUndo Warningsdialogwillappear,clickYestoapplyyourchanges. 11 Heresatip:Youcanmakequickchangestoa singlepartsbydoubleclickingthevalueyou wouldliketochangeontheschematic.Then changethevalueandpressOK. Figure6.CadencePropertyEditorDialog.

6.Todeletethecomponent,simplyselectthecomponentandpressDelete. Note:Whenyoudeleteacomponent,anywires previouslyconnectedtothatcomponentwillstill remain.

EditingPlacedPartswithMultisim
1. Doubleclickonthepartyouwouldliketochange.Adialogwillappear withpropertiesyoucanchangeasshownbelow.

Figure7.MultisimPropertyEditorDialog.

2. Tochangethepartsname,clickontheLabeltab. 3. ClickOKtoproduceyourchanges. 4. Todeletethecomponent,simplyselectthecomponentandpress Delete. 12

ACSimulationwithCadence
1. SelectPSpice>Markers>VoltageLevelandplacetheVoltageLevel Markeronthepartorpartsofyourcircuitthatyouwouldliketo analyze. 2. Torunthesimulation,youmustfirstcreateasimulationprofile.Do sobyselectingPSpice>NewSimulationProfile. 3. ANewSimulationdialogwillappear.Enteranameforyour simulationandclickCreate. 4. OntheAnalysisType:dropdownmenu,selectACSweep/Noise asshownbelow. Figure8.CadenceSimulationSettingsDialog. 5. EntertheStartandStopfrequencies.ThesewillbetheXaxisofyour graph,andyourcircuitwillbeanalyzedbetweenthesefrequencies. 6. EnterthePoints/Decade.Thisistheamountofdatasamplesthat willbedisplayedonthegraph.ClickOK. 7. SelectPSpice>RunorpressF11torunthesimulation.

8. SeethePlottingwithCadencesectiononpage21forinstructionson howtoaddtracestoyoursimulation.

ACSimulationwithMultisim
1. SelectSimulate>Analysis>ACAnalysistoopentheACAnalysis dialogshownbelow.

Figure9.MultisimACAnalysisDialog. 2. EntertheStartandStopfrequencies.ThesewillbetheXaxisofyour graph,andyourcircuitwillbeanalyzedbetweenthesefrequencies. 3. SelecttheOutputtabandaddthepropervariablestooutput.For moreinformationondoingthis,seethePlottingwithCadence sectiononpage21. 4. ClickSimulatetodisplayyoursimulation.

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DCVoltageAnalysiswithCadence
1. Torunthesimulation,youmustfirstcreateasimulationprofile.Do sobyselectingPSpice>NewSimulationProfile. 2. ANewSimulationdialogwillappear.Enteranameforyour simulationandclickCreate. 3. ASimulationSettingsdialogwillappear.ClickOK. 4. SelectPSpice>RunorpressF11torunthesimulation. 5. YourschematicwillnowshowtheDCvalueateachnodeasshown below.

DCVoltageAnalysiswithMultisim
1. SelectSimulate>Analysis>DCOperatingPointtoopentheDC OperatingPointAnalysisdialogshownbelow.

Figure10.DCVoltageAnalysiswithCadenceResults.

2. SelectthevariablesyouwishtoanalyzefromtheleftVariableand CircuitboxandclickAddtoaddthemtotherightSelected VariablesforAnalyzebox. 3. ClickSimulatetoshowtheanalysisresults.AGrapherViewdialog willappearshowingthenodesandtheircorrespondingvoltage levels. Figure11.DCOperatingPointDialog.

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ErrorAnalysiswithCadence
1. Duplicateyouroriginalcircuitbyselectingthecircuitandusingthe CopyandPastecommandsintheEditmenu.Youwillneedboth circuitstoruntheerroranalysis. 2. AddaCapacitorandResistorinparalleltoyourcircuittoserveas theoscilloscopeforerroranalysisasshownbellow. Figure12.OscilloscopeAdditiononRightforErrorAnalysis.

Figure13.AddTracesDialogforErrorAnalysis.

3. SelectPSpice>NewSimulationProfile.ANewSimulationdialog willappear.EnteranameforyoursimulationandclickCreate. 4. OntheAnalysisType:dropdownmenu,selectACSweep/Noise. 5. EntertheStartandStopfrequenciesandthePoints/Decade.Click OK. 6. SelectPSpice>RunorpressF11torunthesimulation. 7. AnAllegroAMSSimulatordialogshouldappear.SelectSimulation >Trace>AddTraceorpresstheInsertkey. 8. UsingtheAddTracesdialog,createaformulatocalculatethe percenterrorusingasshownonthenextpage. 17

Heresatip:Youcanmeasurepercentageerrorby usingtheformula:100*(VV)/VwhereVisthe voltagepriortoconnectiontotheoscilloscopeand Visthevoltageafterwards.

9. ClickOKtoaddthetracetothegraph.Thegraphwillshowthe percentageerrorduetoACVoltmeterloadingasshowninthe examplebelow.

Figure14.ExampleofErrorAnalysisOutputinCadence. 18

ErrorAnalysiswithMultisim
1. Duplicateyouroriginalcircuitbyselectingthecircuitandusingthe CopyandPastecommandsintheEditmenu.Youwillneedboth circuitstoruntheerroranalysis. 2. AddaCapacitorandResistorinparalleltoyourcircuittoserveas theoscilloscopeforerroranalysis. 3. SelectSimulate>Analysis>ACAnalysistoopentheACAnalysis dialogandentertheStartandStopfrequencies. 4. SelecttheOutputtabandclickAddExpressiontoopentheAnalysis Expressiondialogasshownbelow.

5. EnteranexpressionforpercentageerrorcalculationandselectOK. 6. PressSimulatetodisplayyoursimulation.Thegraphwillshow percentageerrorasshownbelow.

Figure16.ExampleofErrorAnalysisOutputinMultisim.

19 20 Figure15.MultisimAnalysisExpressionDialog.

PlottingWithCadence
1. WhenintheAllegroAMSSimulatordialog,selectSimulation> Trace>AddTraceorpresstheInsertkey. 2. UsingtheAddTracesdialog,selectthetraceyouwouldliketoadd andclickOKtoaddthemtoyourgraph. 3. Tographaformula,selecttheoutputvariablesfromtheleftSimple OutputVariablesmenuandaddmathematicalexpressionsfrom therightFunctionsorMacrosmenu.ThenclickOKtoadditto yourgraph. 4. Todeletealltraces,selectTrace>DeleteallTracesorpressCtrl+ Delete. 21

PlottingWithMultisim
1. WhenintheACAnalysisdialog,selectthevariablesyouwouldlike toplotandclickAddasshownbelow.

Figure17.MultisimACAnalysisDialog. 2. ClickSimulatetodisplaythegraph. 3. SelectEdit>PropertiestobringuptheGraphPropertiesdialog. 4. SelecttheLeftAxis,RightAxis,BottomAxis,orTopAxistabto changethescale,range,ortitleofthespecificaxis. 5. SelecttheGeneraltabtochangethetitleorgridproperties.

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CadenceTroubleshooting BuildingtheCircuit
Ireceiveayellowwarningsymbolwhentryingtoconnectingawire tomycomponent. 1. Cadencehasdetectedthatmakingthisconnectionmightcreatean errorinyourcircuit. 2. Youcanproceedinmakingtheconnection,buttakenoteofthe warningasitmightcauseproblemsinthefutureduringsimulation.

3. SelectthegroundcomponentyouwouldliketoaddandclickOK. 4. PlacethecomponentintheproperlocationandselectPSpice>Run orpressF11torunthesimulationagain.

IamreceivingerrorsintheformatofERRORLessthan2 connectionsatnodeM_UN0001whentryingtorunmysimulation. 1. Oneofyourcircuitcomponentsdoesnothaveawireconnected fromeachside. 2. SelectPlace>Wireandplacethewireaccordingly.Formore informationonplacingwires,refertoConnectingPartswith Cadenceonpage9. MySimulationransuccessfullybutthegraphisempty. 1. Youmustaddtracestodisplayonyourgraph. 2. SelectSimulation>Trace>AddTraceorpresstheInsertkey. UsingtheAddTracesdialog,selectthetraceyouwouldliketoadd andclickOKtoaddittoyourgraph.

SimulatingtheCircuit
MyCadenceApplicationdoesnothaveaPSpicemenuforcircuit simulation. 1. YouhaveopenedthewrongCadenceapplication.SelectFile>Save tosaveyourfile.SelectFile>Exittoclosethewindow. 2. OpenDesignEntryCISusingyourdesktoporstartmenu(usually locatedinApplications\CadenceSPB15.7\DesignEntryCIS). 3. IftheCadenceProductchoicemenuopens,selectthethirdoption labeledAllegroPCBDesignCISXL. IamreceivingerrorsintheformatofERRORNodeN00023is floatingwhentryingtorunmysimulation. 1. Yourgroundisnotproperlyconnected. 2. Ifyoudonotalreadyhaveagroundinyourcircuit,selectPlace> GroundtodisplaythePlaceGrounddialog. 23

ErrorAnalysis
IreceiveanInvalidExpressionerrorwhencreatingmyformula. 1. Youhaveasyntaxerrorinyourerrorexpression.SelectOKand changetheexpressiontofixthiserror.

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MultisimTroubleshooting SimulatingtheCircuit
AfterrunningtheACAnalysisandaddingtheproperoutput,ablank graphappears. 1. Thereismostlikelyaproblemwithyourcircuit.Makesureallwires areconnectedproperlyandruntheanalysisagain. WhenrunninganewACAnalysis,myoldACAnalysisstillappearsin thetabs.HowdoIdeleteit? 1. Selectthetabwiththeunwantedanalysis. 2. PressCtrl+Xtodeleteit.

3. SelectSimulate>Analysis>ACAnalysisandselecttheOutputtab andchangetheexpressiontofixthiserror.

DCVoltageAnalysis
Allofmyoutputtedvariablesare0afterrunningtheanalysis. 1. YoumostlikelyhaveanACvoltagesourceratherthanaDCVoltage source. 2. SelectPlace>ComponentandlocatetheDCvoltagesource.Placeit ontoyourschematicandremovetheACvoltagesource.

ErrorAnalysis
Afterenteringtheerrorpercentageformulaastheoutput,thegraph isstillblank. 1. Youmostlikelyhaveasyntaxerrorinyourerrorexpression. 25 26

WorksCited

flexible_printed_circuits_boards_photo1.Nodate.OnlineImage.Starflex FlexibleCircuitBoardManufacturer.16October2007. <http://starflex.com/images/flexible_printed_circuits_boards_photo1. gif>. GeneralWarningSymbol.Nodate.OnlineImage. WelcomeInformationfortheUniversityofBath.16October2007. <http://www.bath.ac.uk/internal/bio sci/Images/haz%20general%20warning.gif hazgeneralwarning.gif>.

"Lightbulb."Nodate.Onlineimage.VermontGuardian|ForThe IndependentMind.16October2007. <http://www.vermontguardian.com/images/local/2006/ Lightbulb.jpg>.

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